51
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Su J, Wei Q, Ma K, Wang Y, Hu W, Meng H, Li Q, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Li H, Fu X, Zhang C. P-MSC-derived extracellular vesicles facilitate diabetic wound healing via miR-145-5p/ CDKN1A-mediated functional improvements of high glucose-induced senescent fibroblasts. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad010. [PMID: 37860579 PMCID: PMC10583213 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Persistent hyperglycaemia in diabetes causes functional abnormalities of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), partially leading to delayed skin wound healing. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing multiple pro-healing microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to exert therapeutic effects on diabetic wound healing. The present study aimed to observe the effects of EVs derived from placental mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSC-EVs) on diabetic wound healing and high glucose (HG)-induced senescent fibroblasts and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods P-MSC-EVs were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation and locally injected into the full-thickness skin wounds of diabetic mice, to observe the beneficial effects on wound healing in vivo by measuring wound closure rates and histological analysis. Next, a series of assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of low (2.28 x 1010 particles/ml) and high (4.56 x 1010 particles/ml) concentrations of P-MSC-EVs on the senescence, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of HG-induced senescent HDFs in vitro. Then, miRNA microarrays and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were carried out to detect the differentially expressed miRNAs in HDFs after EVs treatment. Specific RNA inhibitors, miRNA mimics, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to evaluate the role of a candidate miRNA and its target genes in P-MSC-EV-induced improvements in the function of HG-induced senescent HDFs. Results Local injection of P-MSC-EVs into diabetic wounds accelerated wound closure and reduced scar widths, with better-organized collagen deposition and decreased p16INK4a expression. In vitro, P-MSC-EVs enhanced the antisenescence, proliferation, migration, and antiapoptotic abilities of HG-induced senescent fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. MiR-145-5p was found to be highly enriched in P-MSC-EVs. MiR-145-5p inhibitors effectively attenuated the P-MSC-EV-induced functional improvements of senescent fibroblasts. MiR-145-5p mimics simulated the effects of P-MSC-EVs on functional improvements of fibroblasts by suppressing the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A and activating the extracellular signal regulated kinase (Erk)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. Furthermore, local application of miR-145-5p agomir mimicked the effects of P-MSC-EVs on wound healing. Conclusions These results suggest that P-MSC-EVs accelerate diabetic wound healing by improving the function of senescent fibroblasts through the transfer of miR-145-5p, which targets cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A to activate the Erk/Akt signaling pathway. P-MSC-EVs are promising therapeutic candidates for diabetic wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Su
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Medicine, NanKai University, 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qian Wei
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Kui Ma
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yaxi Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wenzhi Hu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hao Meng
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qiankun Li
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuehou Zhang
- Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Haihong Li
- Department of Wound Repair, Institute of Wound Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, 6019 Xililiuxian Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- School of Medicine, NanKai University, 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China
- Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
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Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ, White IA. First Case of Accelerated Healing of a Recalcitrant Diabetic Ulcer Using Purified Amniotic Fluid. ANNALS OF CASE REPORTS 2023; 8:1463. [PMID: 38348151 PMCID: PMC10861243 DOI: 10.29011/2574-7754.101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
We report the first case of recalcitrant diabetic wound treated successfully by twice-daily applications of a sterile fraction of human purified amniotic fluid (ViX001) obtained from thoroughly screened volunteers at the time of planned c-section at the term of normal pregnancies. Our product ViX001 was generated through a proprietary process and kept in frozen one milliliter (1 ml) vials (protein content was ~1mg/ml) thawed prior to applications (shelf life at 34oF of at least two weeks).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian A White
- Neobiosis LLC, UF Sid Martin Innovate Biotechnology Institute, Alachua, FL 32615, USA
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Anjiki K, Matsumoto T, Kuroda Y, Fujita M, Hayashi S, Nakano N, Tsubosaka M, Kamenaga T, Takashima Y, Kikuchi K, Ikuta K, Onoi Y, Tachibana S, Suda Y, Wada K, Matsushita T, Kuroda R. Heterogeneous Cells as well as Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells in Stromal Vascular Fraction Contribute to Enhance Anabolic and Inhibit Catabolic Factors in Osteoarthritis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2407-2419. [PMID: 37477775 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The stromal-vascular fraction (SVF), comprising heterogeneous cell populations and adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs), has therapeutic potential against osteoarthritis (OA); however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of heterogeneous cells in rabbit SVF on rabbit chondrocytes. Rabbit SVF and ADSCs were autografted into knees at OA onset. The SVF (1 × 105) and low-dose ADSCs (lADSC; 1 × 104) groups adjusted for their stromal cell content were compared. Animals were euthanized 8 and 12 weeks after OA onset for macroscopic and histological analyses of OA progression and synovitis. Immunohistochemical and real-time polymerase chain reaction assessments were conducted. In vitro, immune-fluorescent double staining was performed for SVF to stain macrophages with F4/80, CD86(M1), and CD163(M2). OA progression was markedly suppressed, and synovitis was reduced in the SVF groups (OARSI histological score 8 W: 6.8 ± 0.75 vs. 3.8 ± 0.75, p = 0.001; 12 W: 8.8 ± 0.4 vs. 5.4 ± 0.49, p = 0.0002). The SVF groups had higher expression of collagen II and SOX9 in cartilage and TGF-β and IL-10 in the synovium, lower expression of MMP-13, and lower macrophage M1/M2 ratio than the lADSC groups. Immunofluorescent double staining revealed a markedly higher number of M2 than that of M1 macrophages in the SVF. The therapeutic effects of SVF on chondrocytes were superior than those of lADSCs, with enhanced anabolic and inhibited catabolic factors. Heterogeneous cells, mainly M2 macrophages in the SVF, enhanced growth factor secretion and chondrocyte-protective cytokines, thus benefiting chondrocytes and knee joint homeostasis. Overall, the SVF is a safe, relatively simple, and a useful treatment option for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Anjiki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsubosaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kamenaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kikuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kenmei Ikuta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yuma Onoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shotaro Tachibana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Suda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kensuke Wada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takehiko Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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Qin X, He J, Wang X, Wang J, Yang R, Chen X. The functions and clinical application potential of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells on wound repair: a review of recent research advances. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1256687. [PMID: 37691943 PMCID: PMC10486026 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound repair is a complex problem for both clinical practitioners and scientific investigators. Conventional approaches to wound repair have been associated with several limitations, including prolonged treatment duration, high treatment expenses, and significant economic and psychological strain on patients. Consequently, there is a pressing demand for more efficacious and secure treatment modalities to enhance the existing treatment landscapes. In the field of wound repair, cell-free therapy, particularly the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), has made notable advancements in recent years. Exosomes, which are small lipid bilayer vesicles discharged by MSCs, harbor bioactive constituents such as proteins, lipids, microRNA (miRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA). These constituents facilitate material transfer and information exchange between the cells, thereby regulating their biological functions. This article presents a comprehensive survey of the function and mechanisms of MSC-Exos in the context of wound healing, emphasizing their beneficial impact on each phase of the process, including the regulation of the immune response, inhibition of inflammation, promotion of angiogenesis, advancement of cell proliferation and migration, and reduction of scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchi Qin
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
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Yan L, Li J, Zhang C. The role of MSCs and CAR-MSCs in cellular immunotherapy. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:187. [PMID: 37528472 PMCID: PMC10391838 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01191-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are widely used by T cells (CAR-T cells), natural killer cells dendritic cells and macrophages, and they are of great importance in cellular immunotherapy. However, the use of CAR-related products faces several challenges, including the poor persistence of cells carrying CARs, cell dysfunction or exhaustion, relapse of disease, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, cytokine release syndrome, low efficacy against solid tumors and immunosuppression by the tumor microenvironment. Another important cell therapy regimen involves mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Recent studies have shown that MSCs can improve the anticancer functions of CAR-related products. CAR-MSCs can overcome the flaws of cellular immunotherapy. Thus, MSCs can be used as a biological vehicle for CARs. In this review, we first discuss the characteristics and immunomodulatory functions of MSCs. Then, the role of MSCs as a source of exosomes, including the characteristics of MSC-derived exosomes and their immunomodulatory functions, is discussed. The role of MSCs in CAR-related products, CAR-related product-derived exosomes and the effect of MSCs on CAR-related products are reviewed. Finally, the use of MSCs as CAR vehicles is discussed. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Yan
- Medical Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Jing Li
- Medical Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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Ni H, Xi J, Tang J, Yan Y, Chu Y, Zhou J. Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles from Different Stem Cells in Chronic Wound Healing. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:1596-1614. [PMID: 37178227 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing has long been a complex problem, especially in chronic wounds. Although debridement, skin grafting, and antimicrobial dressings have been used to treat chronic wounds, their treatment period is long, expensive, and has specific rejection reactions. The poor treatment results of traditional methods have caused psychological stress to patients and a substantial economic burden to society. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale vesicles secreted by cells. They play an essential role in intercellular communication. Numerous studies have confirmed that stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (SC-EVs) can inhibit overactive inflammation, induce angiogenesis, promote re-epithelization, and reduce scar formation. Therefore, SC-EVs are expected to be a novel cell-free strategy for chronic wound treatment. We first summarize the pathological factors that hinder wound healing and discuss how SC-EVs accelerate chronic wound repair. And then, we also compare the advantages and disadvantages of different SC-EVs for chronic wound treatment. Finally, we discuss the limitations of SC-EVs usage and provide new thoughts for future SC-EVs research in chronic wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxi Ni
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jianbo Xi
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, China
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Changzhou, 213017, China
| | - Jianjun Tang
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, China
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Changzhou, 213017, China
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, 213017, China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, China
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Changzhou, 213017, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, China
| | - Ying Chu
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, China.
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Changzhou, 213017, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, China.
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Changzhou, 213017, China.
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Yang T, Dong Y, Wan J, Liu X, Liu Y, Huang J, Zhou J, Xiao H, Tang L, Wang Y, Wang S, Cai H. Sustained Release of BMSC-EVs from 3D Printing Gel/HA/nHAP Scaffolds for Promoting Bone Regeneration in Diabetic Rats. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203131. [PMID: 36854163 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in intercellular communication, and the function of EVs mainly depends on the state of source cells. To determine the effect of diabetic microenvironment on EVs secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), this work explores the effect of normal glucose (5.5 mm) cultured BMSCs derived EVs (NG-EVs) and high glucose (30 mm) cultured BMSCs derived EVs (HG-EVs) in regulating the migration, proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. In order to improve the bioavailability of EVs, this work constructs a sustained release system of polydopamine (PDA) functionalized 3D printing gelatin/hyaluronic acid/nano-hydroxyapatite (Gel/HA/nHAP) scaffolds (S/PDA) and verifies its function in the calvarial defect model of diabetic rats. This work confirms that both NG-EVs and HG-EVs can promote proliferation and migration, inhibit apoptosis and promote osteogenic differentiation, but the function of HG-EVs is weaker than that of NG-EVs. Therefore, EVs secreted by autologous cells of diabetic patients are not suitable for self-repair. This work hopes that the 3D printing scaffold designed for sustained-release EVs will provide a new strategy for acellular tissue engineering bone repair in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yunsheng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jinpeng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiangsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lizong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yanying Wang
- Department of Implantology, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, P. R. China
| | - Shufang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China
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Garima, Sharma D, Kumar A, Mostafavi E. Extracellular vesicle-based biovectors in chronic wound healing: Biogenesis and delivery approaches. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 32:822-840. [PMID: 37273778 PMCID: PMC10238601 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wounds remain an unresolved medical issue because of major social and therapeutic repercussions that require extensive focus. Recent related theragnostic focuses only on wound management and is not effectively promoting chronic wound healing. The rising number of patients with either under-healing or over-healing wounds highlights the ineffectiveness of current wound-healing treatments, and thus, there is an unmet need to focus on alternative treatments. To cover this gap, extracellular vesicles (EVs), for targeted delivery of therapeutics, are emerging as a potential therapy to treat both acute and persistent wounds. To address these issues, we explore the core biology of EVs, associated pharmacology, comprehension of immunogenic outcomes, and potential for long-term wound treatment with improved effectiveness and their nonacceptable side effects. Additionally, the therapeutic role of EVs in severe wound infections through biogenetic moderation, in combination with biomaterials (functional in nature), as well as drug carriers that can offer opportunities for the development of new treatments for this long-term condition, are also carefully elaborated, with an emphasis on biomaterial-based drug delivery systems. It is observed that exploring difficulties and potential outcomes of clinical translation of EV-based therapeutics for wound management has the potential to be adopted as a future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Dehradun, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya 824209, India
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Ceccotti E, Saccu G, Herrera Sanchez MB, Bruno S. Naïve or Engineered Extracellular Vesicles from Different Cell Sources: Therapeutic Tools for Kidney Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1715. [PMID: 37376163 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal pathophysiology is a multifactorial process involving different kidney structures. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical condition characterized by tubular necrosis and glomerular hyperfiltration. The maladaptive repair after AKI predisposes to the onset of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). CKD is a progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function, characterized by fibrosis that could lead to end stage renal disease. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent scientific publications analyzing the therapeutic potential of Extracellular Vesicles (EV)-based treatments in different animal models of AKI and CKD. EVs from multiple sources act as paracrine effectors involved in cell-cell communication with pro-generative and low immunogenic properties. They represent innovative and promising natural drug delivery vehicles used to treat experimental acute and chronic kidney diseases. Differently from synthetic systems, EVs can cross biological barriers and deliver biomolecules to the recipient cells inducing a physiological response. Moreover, new methods for improving the EVs as carriers have been introduced, such as the engineering of the cargo, the modification of the proteins on the external membrane, or the pre-conditioning of the cell of origin. The new nano-medicine approaches based on bioengineered EVs are an attempt to enhance their drug delivery capacity for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ceccotti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Saccu
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Beatriz Herrera Sanchez
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
- 2i3T, Società per la Gestione dell'incubatore di Imprese e per il Trasferimento Tecnologico, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
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Jing S, Li H, Xu H. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes Therapy in Diabetic Wound Repair. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2707-2720. [PMID: 37250470 PMCID: PMC10216860 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s411562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, refractory diabetic wounds cause a worldwide medical burden. Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) show promise as a solid alternative to existing therapeutics in the latest researches, since MSC-Exos share similar biologic activity but less immunogenicity when compared with MSCs. To facilitate further understanding and application, it is essential to summarize the current progress and limitations of MSC-Exos in the treatment of diabetic wounds. In this review, we introduce the effects of different MSC-Exos on diabetic wounds according to their origins and contents and discuss the specific experimental conditions, target wound cells/pathways, and specific mechanisms. In addition, this paper focuses on the combination of MSC-Exos and biomaterials, which improves the efficacy and utilization of MSC-Exos therapy. Together, exosome therapy has high clinical value and application prospects, both in its role and in combination with biomaterials, while novel drugs or molecules loaded into exosomes as carriers targeting wound cells will be development trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjie Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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61
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Humenik F, Maloveská M, Hudáková N, Petroušková P, Šufliarska Z, Horňáková Ľ, Valenčáková A, Kožár M, Šišková B, Mudroňová D, Bartkovský M, Čížková D. Impact of Canine Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Media on the Wound Healing Process: In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098214. [PMID: 37175924 PMCID: PMC10179513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide a beneficial treatment effect of mesenchymal stem cell products derived from the canine amniotic membrane (AM-MSC) on the complicated wound healing process in dogs. AM-MSCs were characterized in terms of morphology, phenotypic profile, and multilineage differentiation potential. The in vitro study of the effect of canine amniotic mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media (AMMSC-CM) on a primary skin fibroblast cell culture scratch assay showed a decrease in the measured scratch area of about 66.39% against the negative control (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium-32.55%) and the positive control (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium supplemented with FGF2, N2, B27, and EGF-82.077%) after 72 h treatment. In the experimental study, seven dogs with complicated nonhealing wounds were treated with a combination of antibiotics, NSAIDs, and local AMMSC-CM application. After 15 days of therapy, we observed a 98.47% reduction in the wound surface area as opposed to 57.135% in the control group treated by conventional therapy based on debridement of necrotic tissue, antibiotic therapy, pain management, and change of wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Humenik
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Marcela Maloveská
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Nikola Hudáková
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Patrícia Petroušková
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Šufliarska
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Ľubica Horňáková
- Small Animal Clinic, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Alexandra Valenčáková
- Small Animal Clinic, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kožár
- Small Animal Clinic, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Šišková
- Small Animal Clinic, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Mudroňová
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Bartkovský
- Department of Food Hygiene, Technology and Safety, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Daša Čížková
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
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Wang DR, Pan J. Extracellular vesicles: Emerged as a promising strategy for regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:165-181. [PMID: 37181006 PMCID: PMC10173817 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i4.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell transplantation therapy has certain limitations including immune rejection and limited cell viability, which seriously hinder the transformation of stem cell-based tissue regeneration into clinical practice. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) not only possess the advantages of its derived cells, but also can avoid the risks of cell transplantation. EVs are intelligent and controllable biomaterials that can participate in a variety of physiological and pathological activities, tissue repair and regeneration by transmitting a variety of biological signals, showing great potential in cell-free tissue regeneration. In this review, we summarized the origins and characteristics of EVs, introduced the pivotal role of EVs in diverse tissues regeneration, discussed the underlying mechanisms, prospects, and challenges of EVs. We also pointed out the problems that need to be solved, application directions, and prospects of EVs in the future and shed new light on the novel cell-free strategy for using EVs in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Ri Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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63
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Xu Y, Hu Q, Wei Z, Ou Y, Cao Y, Zhou H, Wang M, Yu K, Liang B. Advanced polymer hydrogels that promote diabetic ulcer healing: mechanisms, classifications, and medical applications. Biomater Res 2023; 27:36. [PMID: 37101201 PMCID: PMC10134570 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic ulcers (DUs) are one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. The application of a functional dressing is a crucial step in DU treatment and is associated with the patient's recovery and prognosis. However, traditional dressings with a simple structure and a single function cannot meet clinical requirements. Therefore, researchers have turned their attention to advanced polymer dressings and hydrogels to solve the therapeutic bottleneck of DU treatment. Hydrogels are a class of gels with a three-dimensional network structure that have good moisturizing properties and permeability and promote autolytic debridement and material exchange. Moreover, hydrogels mimic the natural environment of the extracellular matrix, providing suitable surroundings for cell proliferation. Thus, hydrogels with different mechanical strengths and biological properties have been extensively explored as DU dressing platforms. In this review, we define different types of hydrogels and elaborate the mechanisms by which they repair DUs. Moreover, we summarize the pathological process of DUs and review various additives used for their treatment. Finally, we examine the limitations and obstacles that exist in the development of the clinically relevant applications of these appealing technologies. This review defines different types of hydrogels and carefully elaborate the mechanisms by which they repair diabetic ulcers (DUs), summarizes the pathological process of DUs, and reviews various bioactivators used for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Xu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qiyuan Hu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zongyun Wei
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ou
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Youde Cao
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400042, P.R. China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mengna Wang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Kexiao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 6 Panxi Seventh Branch Road, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, 400021, P.R. China.
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
| | - Bing Liang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400042, P.R. China.
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64
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Saadh MJ, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Saini RS, Arias-Gonzáles JL, Amin AH, Gavilán JCO, Sârbu I. Advances in mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-based therapy and their extracellular vesicles for skin wound healing. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00904-8. [PMID: 37067766 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00904-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a dynamic and complicated process containing overlapping phases. Presently, definitive therapy is not available, and the investigation into optimal wound care is influenced by the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of developing therapies. Accumulating evidence demonstrated the potential role of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) therapy in several tissue injuries and diseases due to their high proliferation and differentiation abilities along with an easy collection procedure, low tumorigenesis, and immuno-privileged status. MSCs have also accelerated wound repair in all phases through their advantageous properties, such as accelerating wound closure, improving re-epithelialization, elevating angiogenesis, suppressing inflammation, and modulating extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. In addition, the beneficial therapeutic impacts of MSCs are largely associated with their paracrine functions, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). Exosomes and microvesicles are the two main subgroups of EVs. These vesicles are heterogeneous bilayer membrane structures that contain several proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. EVs have emerged as a promising alternative to stem cell-based therapies because of their lower immunogenicity, tumorigenicity, and ease of management. MSCs from various sources have been widely investigated in skin wound healing and regeneration. Considering these features, in this review, we highlighted recent studies that the investigated therapeutic potential of various MSCs and MSC-EVs in skin damages and wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - José Luis Arias-Gonzáles
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Studies, Pontifical University of Peru, San Miguel, Peru
| | - Ali H Amin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | | | - Ioan Sârbu
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, "Grigore T. Popa", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115, Iași, Romania.
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65
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Yu Q, Wang Q, Zhang L, Deng W, Cao X, Wang Z, Sun X, Yu J, Xu X. The applications of 3D printing in wound healing: the external delivery of stem cells and antibiosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114823. [PMID: 37068658 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
As the global number of chronic wound patients rises, the financial burden and social pressure on patients increase daily. Stem cells have emerged as promising tissue engineering seed cells due to their enriched sources, multidirectional differentiation ability, and high proliferation rate. However, delivering them in vitro for the treatment of skin injury is still challenging. In addition, bacteria from the wound site and the environment can significantly impact wound healing. In the last decade, 3D bioprinting has dramatically enriched cell delivery systems. The produced scaffolds by this technique can be precisely localized within cells and perform antibacterial actions. In this review, we summarized the 3D bioprinting-based external delivery of stem cells and their antibiosis to improve wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtong Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Qilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Linzhi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xia Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xuan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Ximing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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66
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Zanotti F, Zanolla I, Trentini M, Tiengo E, Pusceddu T, Licastro D, Degasperi M, Leo S, Tremoli E, Ferroni L, Zavan B. Mitochondrial Metabolism and EV Cargo of Endothelial Cells Is Affected in Presence of EVs Derived from MSCs on Which HIF Is Activated. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24066002. [PMID: 36983075 PMCID: PMC10055915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24066002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted growing interest as a possible novel therapeutic agent for the management of different cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Hypoxia significantly enhances the secretion of angiogenic mediators from MSCs as well as sEVs. The iron-chelating deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) is a stabilizer of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and consequently used as a substitute for environmental hypoxia. The improved regenerative potential of DFO-treated MSCs has been attributed to the increased release of angiogenic factors, but whether this effect is also mediated by the secreted sEVs has not yet been investigated. In this study, we treated adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) with a nontoxic dose of DFO to harvest sEVs (DFO-sEVs). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with DFO-sEVs underwent mRNA sequencing and miRNA profiling of sEV cargo (HUVEC-sEVs). The transcriptomes revealed the upregulation of mitochondrial genes linked to oxidative phosphorylation. Functional enrichment analysis on miRNAs of HUVEC-sEVs showed a connection with the signaling pathways of cell proliferation and angiogenesis. In conclusion, mesenchymal cells treated with DFO release sEVs that induce in the recipient endothelial cells molecular pathways and biological processes strongly linked to proliferation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Zanotti
- Translational Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zanolla
- Biomedicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina Trentini
- Translational Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Tiengo
- Translational Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Pusceddu
- Translational Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Leo
- GVM Care & Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, 48033 Cotignola, Italy
| | - Elena Tremoli
- GVM Care & Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, 48033 Cotignola, Italy
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- GVM Care & Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, 48033 Cotignola, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Translational Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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67
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Pomatto MAC, Gai C, Negro F, Massari L, Deregibus MC, Grange C, De Rosa FG, Camussi G. Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Delivery Platform for RNA-Based Vaccine: Feasibility Study of an Oral and Intranasal SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030974. [PMID: 36986835 PMCID: PMC10058531 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent a platform for the delivery of RNA-based vaccines, exploiting their natural membrane envelope to protect and deliver nucleic acids. Here, EVs extracted from orange (Citrus sinensis) juice (oEVs) were investigated as carriers for oral and intranasal SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. oEVs were efficiently loaded with different mRNA molecules (coding N, subunit 1 and full S proteins) and the mRNA was protected from degrading stress (including RNase and simulated gastric fluid), delivered to target cells and translated into protein. APC cells stimulated with oEVs loaded with mRNAs induced T lymphocyte activation in vitro. The immunization of mice with oEVs loaded with S1 mRNA via different routes of administration including intramuscular, oral and intranasal stimulated a humoral immune response with production of specific IgM and IgG blocking antibodies and a T cell immune response, as suggested by IFN-γ production by spleen lymphocytes stimulated with S peptide. Oral and intranasal administration also triggered the production of specific IgA, the mucosal barrier in the adaptive immune response. In conclusion, plant-derived EVs represent a useful platform for mRNA-based vaccines administered not only parentally but also orally and intranasally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita A. C. Pomatto
- EvoBiotech s.r.l., 10122 Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.A.C.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Chiara Gai
- EvoBiotech s.r.l., 10122 Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Chiara Deregibus
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- EvoBiotech s.r.l., 10122 Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.A.C.P.); (G.C.)
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68
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Joorabloo A, Liu T. Engineering exosome-based biomimetic nanovehicles for wound healing. J Control Release 2023; 356:463-480. [PMID: 36907562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Complexity and difficulties in wound management are pressing concerns that affect patients' quality of life and may result in tissue infection, necrosis, and loss of local and systemic functions. Hence, novel approaches to accelerate wound healing are being actively explored over the last decade. Exosomes as important mediators of intercellular communications are promising natural nanocarriers due to their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, drug loading and targeting capacities, and innate stability. More importantly, exosomes are developed as a versatile pharmaceutical engineering platform for wound repair. This review provides an overview of the biological and physiological functions of exosomes derived from a variety of biological origins during wound healing phases, strategies for exosomal engineering, and therapeutic applications in skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Joorabloo
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia
| | - Tianqing Liu
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia.
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69
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Rincon-Benavides MA, Mendonca NC, Cuellar-Gaviria TZ, Salazar-Puerta AI, Ortega-Pineda L, Blackstone BN, Deng B, McComb DW, Gallego-Perez D, Powell HM, Higuita-Castro N. Engineered Vasculogenic Extracellular Vesicles Drive Nonviral Direct Conversions of Human Dermal Fibroblasts into Induced Endothelial Cells and Improve Wound Closure. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2023; 6:2200197. [PMID: 37577183 PMCID: PMC10416766 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202200197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Vasculogenic cell therapies have emerged as a powerful tool to increase vascularization and promote tissue repair/regeneration. Current approaches to cell therapies, however, rely mostly on progenitor cells, which pose significant risks (e.g., uncontrolled differentiation, tumorigenesis, and genetic/epigenetic abnormalities). Moreover, reprogramming methodologies used to generate induced endothelial cells (iECs) from induced pluripotent stem cells rely heavily on viral vectors, which pose additional translational limitations. This work describes the development of engineered human extracellular vesicles (EVs) capable of driving reprogramming-based vasculogenic therapies without the need for progenitor cells and/or viral vectors. The EVs were derived from primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), and were engineered to pack transcription factor genes/transcripts of ETV2, FLI1, and FOXC2 (EFF). Our results indicate that in addition of EFF, the engineered EVs were also loaded with transcripts of angiogenic factors (e.g., VEGF-A, VEGF-KDR, FGF2). In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that such EVs effectively transfected HDFs and drove direct conversions towards iECs within 7-14 days. Finally, wound healing studies in mice indicate that engineered EVs lead to improved wound closure and vascularity. Altogether, our results show the potential of engineered human vasculogenic EVs to drive direct reprogramming processes of somatic cells towards iECs, and facilitate tissue repair/regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Rincon-Benavides
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | | | | | | | | | - Britani N. Blackstone
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Binbin Deng
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis (CEMAS), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - David W McComb
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis (CEMAS), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Daniel Gallego-Perez
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Heather M. Powell
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Natalia Higuita-Castro
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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70
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Verta R, Saccu G, Tanzi A, Grange C, Buono L, Fagoonee S, Deregibus MC, Camussi G, Scalabrin S, Nuzzi R, Bussolati B. Phenotypic and functional characterization of aqueous humor derived extracellular vesicles. Exp Eye Res 2023; 228:109393. [PMID: 36709863 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are double membrane vesicles, abundant in all biological fluids. However, the characterization of EVs in aqueous humor (AH) is still limited. The aim of the present work was to characterize EVs isolated from AH (AH-EVs) in terms of surface markers of cellular origin and functional properties. We obtained AHs from patients with cataract undergoing surgical phacoemulsification and insertion of intraocular lenses (n = 10). Nanoparticle tracking analysis, electron microscopy, super resolution microscopy and bead-based cytofluorimetry were used to characterize EVs from AH. Subsequently, we investigated the effects of AH-EVs on viability, proliferation and wound healing of human immortalized keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells in vitro in comparison with the effect of mesenchymal stromal cell-EVs (MSC-EVs). AH-EVs had a mean size of around 100 nm and expressed the classical tetraspanins (CD9, CD63 and CD81). Super resolution microscopy revealed co-expression of CD9, CD63 and CD81. Moreover, cytofluorimetric analysis highlighted the expression of mesenchymal, stem, epithelial and endothelial markers. In the in vitro wound healing assay on HaCaT cells, AH-EVs induced a significantly faster wound repair, comparable to the effects of MSC-EVs, and promoted HaCaT cell viability and proliferation. We provide evidence, herein, of the possible AH-EV origin from stromal cells, limbal epithelial/stem cells, ciliary epithelium and corneal endothelium. In addition, we showed their in vitro proliferative and regenerative capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Verta
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Saccu
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Adele Tanzi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Lola Buono
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Nuzzi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Italy.
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Li S, Sun J, Yang J, Yang Y, Ding H, Yu B, Ma K, Chen M. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) loaded with concentrated hypoxic pretreated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADSCs) conditioned medium promotes wound healing and vascular regeneration in aged skin. Biomater Res 2023; 27:11. [PMID: 36782342 PMCID: PMC9926638 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging skin is characterized by a disturbed structure and lack of blood supply, which makes it difficult to heal once injured. ADSCs secrete large amounts of cytokines, which promote wound healing and vascular regeneration through paracrine secretion, and the number of cytokines can be elevated by hypoxic pretreating. However, the components of ADSCs are difficult to retain in wounds. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) is a photopolymerizable hydrogel synthesized from gelatin and has recently emerged as a potentially attractive material for tissue engineering applications. GelMA loaded with concentrated hypoxic pretreated ADSCs conditioned medium could provide a new method of treating wounds in aged skin. METHODS Primary ADSCs were isolated from human adipose tissue and characterized by flow cytometry and differentiation test. ADSCs in passages 4-6 were pretreated in the hypoxic and normoxic environments to collect conditioned medium, the conditioned medium was then concentrated to prepare concentrated ADSCs conditioned medium(cADSC-CM)(the one collected from ADSCs under hypoxia was called hypo-CM ,and the one from normoxia was called nor-CM). The concentration of cytokines was detected. After treated with cADSC-CM, the abilities of proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) were assayed, and Akt/mTOR and MAPK signal pathway was detected using western blotting. GelMA+hypo-CM hydrogel was prepared, and a comprehensive evaluation of morphology, protein release efficiency, degradation rate, mechanical properties, and rheology properties were performed. Full-thickness skin wounds were created on the backs of 20-month-old mice. After surgery, GelMA, GelMA+F12, GelMA+hypo-CM, and GelMA+nor-CM were applied to the wound surface respectively. H&E, Masson, and immunohistochemistry staining were performed, and a laser Doppler perfusion imager was used to evaluate the blood perfusion. The student's t-test was used for analysis between two groups and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for analysis among multi groups. RESULTS Our results revealed that 1) wounds in aged skin healed more slowly than that in young skin and exhibited poorer perfusion; 2) hypoxic pretreated ADSCs secreted more cytokines including VEGF by activating HIF1α; 3) hypo-CM promoted proliferation and migration of HUVECs through VEGF/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signal pathway; 4) GelMA-hypoCM accelerated wound healing and angiogenesis in aged skin in vivo. CONCLUSION GelMA loaded with concentrated hypoxic pretreated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium could accelerate wound healing in aged skin by promoting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Li
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038 China ,grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Jiachen Sun
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038 China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Jinxiu Yang
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038 China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 78397th Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144 China
| | - Yi Yang
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038 China ,grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Hongfan Ding
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038 China ,grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Boya Yu
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038 China ,grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Kui Ma
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Minliang Chen
- Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China.
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Liu X, Wei Q, Lu L, Cui S, Ma K, Zhang W, Ma F, Li H, Fu X, Zhang C. Immunomodulatory potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: Targeting immune cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1094685. [PMID: 36860847 PMCID: PMC9968735 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1094685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Various intractable inflammatory diseases caused by disorders of immune systems have pressed heavily on public health. Innate and adaptive immune cells as well as secreted cytokines and chemokines are commanders to mediate our immune systems. Therefore, restoring normal immunomodulatory responses of immune cells is crucial for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Mesenchymal stem cell derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are nano-sized double-membraned vesicles acting as paracrine effectors of MSCs. MSC-EVs, containing a variety of therapeutic agents, have shown great potential in immune modulation. Herein, we discuss the novel regulatory functions of MSC-EVs from different sources in the activities of innate and adaptive immune cells like macrophages, granulocytes, mast cells, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and lymphocytes. Then, we summarize the latest clinical trials of MSC-EVs in inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, we prospect the research trend of MSC-EVs in the field of immune modulation. Despite the fact that the research on the role of MSC-EVs in regulating immune cells is in infancy, this cell-free therapy based on MSC-EVs still offers a promising solution for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wei
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of NBC Defence, PLA Army, Beijing, China
| | - Shengnan Cui
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Ma
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haihong Li
- Department of Wound Repair, Institute of Wound Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Gao L, Feng Q, Cui B, Mao Y, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Zhu H. Loading Nanoceria Improves Extracellular Vesicle Membrane Integrity and Therapy to Wounds in Aged Mice. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:732-742. [PMID: 36642927 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a programmed process through which tissue restores its integrity after an injury. Advancing age is a risk factor for delayed cutaneous wound healing; however, ideal therapeutic approaches for aged wound have not been developed yet. By dissecting the harsh microenvironment of aged wound, we propose an integrated chemical and biological strategy to mitigate two main hostile factors including oxidative stress and ischemia. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a rising star in regenerative medicine due to their powerful facilitation in tissue repair and regeneration. However, the fragile lipid membrane limits their function under the oxidative stress microenvironment. Nanoceria is an antioxidative nanozyme; here, we reveal that nanoceria-loaded EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells facilitate cutaneous wound healing in aged mice. DG-CeO2 was prepared via coating CeO2 covalently with d-glucose to promote their cellular endocytosis. DG-CeO2 was packaged into EVs under optimized hypoxic conditions (DG-CeO2 EVsHyp). We further demonstrated that DG-CeO2 EVsHyp had favorable biocompatibility and antioxidative and proangiogenic effects during the cutaneous wound healing in both young and aged mice. Further evidence revealed that DG-CeO2 EVsHyp-transferred miR-92a-3p/125b-5p and their targets associated with aging degeneration may be the potential mechanisms. Collectively, these findings highlight that nanoceria-loaded EVs released by engineered stem cells may represent a potential therapeutic approach for tissue regeneration in aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, P. R. China
| | - Qishuai Feng
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Cui
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Yaning Mao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Zhao
- Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
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Ju Y, Hu Y, Yang P, Xie X, Fang B. Extracellular vesicle-loaded hydrogels for tissue repair and regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2023; 18:100522. [PMID: 36593913 PMCID: PMC9803958 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a collective term for nanoscale or microscale vesicles secreted by cells that play important biological roles. Mesenchymal stem cells are a class of cells with the potential for self-healing and multidirectional differentiation. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that EVs, especially those secreted by mesenchymal stem cells, can promote the repair and regeneration of various tissues and, thus, have significant potential in regenerative medicine. However, due to the rapid clearance capacity of the circulatory system, EVs are barely able to act persistently at specific sites for repair of target tissues. Hydrogels have good biocompatibility and loose and porous structural properties that allow them to serve as EV carriers, thereby prolonging the retention in certain specific areas and slowing the release of EVs. When EVs are needed to function at specific sites, the EV-loaded hydrogels can stand as an excellent approach. In this review, we first introduce the sources, roles, and extraction and characterization methods of EVs and describe their current application status. We then review the different types of hydrogels and discuss factors influencing their abilities to carry and release EVs. We summarize several strategies for loading EVs into hydrogels and characterizing EV-loaded hydrogels. Furthermore, we discuss application strategies for EV-loaded hydrogels and review their specific applications in tissue regeneration and repair. This article concludes with a summary of the current state of research on EV-loaded hydrogels and an outlook on future research directions, which we hope will provide promising ideas for researchers.
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Key Words
- 4-arm-PEG-MAL, four-armed polyethylene glycol (PEG) functionalized with maleimide group
- AD/CS/RSF, alginate-dopamine chondroitin sulfate and regenerated silk fibroin
- ADSC, Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells
- ADSC-EVs, adipose mesenchymal stem cells derived EVs
- ADSC-Exos, adipose mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes
- ATRP, Atom transfer radical polymerization
- BCA, bicinchoninic acid
- BMSC, Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
- BMSC-EVs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived EVs
- BMSC-Exos, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes
- CGC, chitosan-gelatin-chondroitin sulfate
- CL, chitosan lactate
- CNS, central nervous system
- CPCs, cardiac progenitor cells
- CS-g-PEG, chitosan-g-PEG
- DPSC-Exos, dental pulp stem cells derived exosomes
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- EVMs, extracellular vesicles mimetics
- EVs, Extracellular vesicles
- Exos, Exosomes
- Exosome
- Extracellular vesicle
- FEEs, functionally engineered EVs
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- GelMA, Gelatin methacryloyl
- HA, Hyaluronic acid
- HAMA, Hyaluronic acid methacryloyl
- HG, nano-hydroxyapatite-gelatin
- HIF-1 α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α
- HS-HA, hypoxia-sensitive hyaluronic acid
- HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell
- Hydrogel
- LAP, Lithium Phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphinate
- LSCM, laser scanning confocal microscopy
- MC-CHO, Aldehyde methylcellulose
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- MNs, microneedles
- MSC-EVs, mesenchymal stem cells derived EVs
- MSC-Exos, mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- NPCs, neural progenitor cells
- NTA, nanoparticle tracking analysis
- OHA, oxidized hyaluronic acid
- OSA, oxidized sodium alginate
- PDA, Polydopamine
- PDLLA, poly(D l-lactic acid)
- PDNPs-PELA, Polydopamine nanoparticles incorporated poly (ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-cap-rolactone-co-lactide)
- PEG, Polyethylene glycol
- PF-127, Pluronic F-127
- PHEMA, phenoxyethyl methacrylate
- PIC, photo-induced imine crosslinking
- PKA, protein kinase A system
- PLA, Poly lactic acid
- PLGA, polylactic acid-hydroxy acetic acid copolymer
- PLLA, poly(l-lactic acid)
- PPy, polypyrrole
- PVA, polyvinyl alcohol
- RDRP, Reversible deactivation radical polymerization
- Regeneration
- SCI, spinal cord injury
- SEM, Scanning electron microscopy
- SF, Silk fibroin
- SPT, single-particle tracking
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- Tissue repair
- UMSC, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells
- UMSC-EVs, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived EVs
- UMSC-Exos, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes
- UV, ultraviolet
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VEGF-R, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
- WB, western blotting
- dECM, decellularized ECM
- hiPS-MSC-Exos, human induced pluripotent stem cell-MSC-derived exosomes
- iPS-CPCs, pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac progenitors
- nHP, nanohydroxyapatite/poly-ε-caprolactone
- sEVs, small extracellular vesicles
- β-TCP, β-Tricalcium Phosphate
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Ju
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Yang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bairong Fang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
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Hao R, Hu S, Zhang H, Chen X, Yu Z, Ren J, Guo H, Yang H. Mechanical stimulation on a microfluidic device to highly enhance small extracellular vesicle secretion of mesenchymal stem cells. Mater Today Bio 2023; 18:100527. [PMID: 36619203 PMCID: PMC9816961 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are recognized as promising detection biomarkers and attractive delivery vehicles, showing great potential in diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, the applications of sEVs are usually restricted by their poor secretion amount from donor cells under routine cell culture conditions, which is especially true for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) due to their limited expansion and early senescence. Here, a microfluidic device is proposed for boosting sEV secretion from MSCs derived from human fetal bone marrow (BM-MSCs). As the cells rapidly pass through a microfluidic channel with a series of narrow squeezing ridges, mechanical stimulation permeabilizes the cell membrane, thus promoting them to secrete more sEVs into extracellular space. In this study, the microfluidic device demonstrates that mechanical-squeezing effect could increase the secretion amount of sEVs from the BM-MSCs by approximately 4-fold, while maintaining cellular growth state of the stem cells. Further, the secreted sEVs are efficiently taken up by immortalized human corneal epithelial cells and accelerate corneal epithelial wound healing in vitro, indicating that this technique wound not affect the functionality of sEVs and demonstrating the application potentials of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hao
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shi Hu
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microsystems and Nano Devices, Center for Bionic Sensing and Intelligence, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huitao Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microsystems and Nano Devices, Center for Bionic Sensing and Intelligence, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microsystems and Nano Devices, Center for Bionic Sensing and Intelligence, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zitong Yu
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microsystems and Nano Devices, Center for Bionic Sensing and Intelligence, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingyi Ren
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microsystems and Nano Devices, Center for Bionic Sensing and Intelligence, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hang Guo
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microsystems and Nano Devices, Center for Bionic Sensing and Intelligence, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Karnas E, Dudek P, Zuba-Surma EK. Stem cell- derived extracellular vesicles as new tools in regenerative medicine - Immunomodulatory role and future perspectives. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1120175. [PMID: 36761725 PMCID: PMC9902918 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1120175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the practical use of stem cells (SCs) in the clinic has attracted significant attention in the regenerative medicine due to the ability of these cells to proliferate and differentiate into other cell types. However, recent findings have demonstrated that the therapeutic capacity of SCs may also be mediated by their ability to secrete biologically active factors, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). Such submicron circular membrane-enveloped vesicles may be released from the cell surface and harbour bioactive cargo in the form of proteins, lipids, mRNA, miRNA, and other regulatory factors. Notably, growing evidence has indicated that EVs may transfer their bioactive content into recipient cells and greatly modulate their functional fate. Thus, they have been recently envisioned as a new class of paracrine factors in cell-to-cell communication. Importantly, EVs may modulate the activity of immune system, playing an important role in the regulation of inflammation, exhibiting broad spectrum of the immunomodulatory activity that promotes the transition from pro-inflammatory to pro-regenerative environment in the site of tissue injury. Consequently, growing interest is placed on attempts to utilize EVs in clinical applications of inflammatory-related dysfunctions as potential next-generation therapeutic factors, alternative to cell-based approaches. In this review we will discuss the current knowledge on the biological properties of SC-derived EVs, with special focus on their role in the regulation of inflammatory response. We will also address recent findings on the immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative activity of EVs in several disease models, including in vitro and in vivo preclinical, as well as clinical studies. Finally, we will highlight the current perspectives and future challenges of emerging EV-based therapeutic strategies of inflammation-related diseases treatment.
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Castaño C, Novials A, Párrizas M. An Overview of Inter-Tissue and Inter-Kingdom Communication Mediated by Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Mammalian Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2071. [PMID: 36768391 PMCID: PMC9916451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with defects of insulin action in different tissues or alterations in β-cell secretory capacity that may be triggered by environmental challenges, inadequate lifestyle choices, or an underlying genetic predisposition. In addition, recent data shows that obesity may also be caused by perturbations of the gut microbiota, which then affect metabolic function and energy homeostasis in the host. Maintenance of metabolic homeostasis in complex organisms such as mammals requires organismal-level communication, including between the different organs and the gut microbiota. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified in all domains of life and have emerged as crucial players in inter-organ and inter-kingdom crosstalk. Interestingly, EVs found in edible vegetables or in milk have been shown to influence gut microbiota or tissue function in mammals. Moreover, there is a multidirectional crosstalk mediated by EVs derived from gut microbiota and body organs that has implications for host health. Untangling this complex signaling network may help implement novel therapies for the treatment of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Castaño
- Pathogenesis and Prevention of Diabetes Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Pathogenesis and Prevention of Diabetes Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Novials
- Pathogenesis and Prevention of Diabetes Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Pathogenesis and Prevention of Diabetes Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcelina Párrizas
- Pathogenesis and Prevention of Diabetes Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Littig JPB, Moellmer R, Agrawal DK, Rai V. Future applications of exosomes delivering resolvins and cytokines in facilitating diabetic foot ulcer healing. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:35-47. [PMID: 36684384 PMCID: PMC9850797 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk of many lethal and debilitating conditions. Among them, foot ulceration due to neuropathy, vascular disease, or trauma affects the quality of life of millions in the United States and around the world. Physiological wound healing is stalled in the inflammatory phase by the chronicity of inflammation without proceeding to the resolution phase. Despite advanced treatment, diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are associated with a risk of amputation. Thus, there is a need for novel therapies to address chronic inflammation, decreased angiogenesis, and impaired granulation tissue formation contributing to the non-healing of DFUs. Studies have shown promising results with resolvins (Rv) and anti-inflammatory therapies that resolve inflammation and enhance tissue healing. But many of these studies have encountered difficulty in the delivery of Rv in terms of efficiency, tissue targetability, and immunogenicity. This review summarized the perspective of optimizing the therapeutic application of Rv and cytokines by pairing them with exosomes as a novel strategy for targeted tissue delivery to treat non-healing chronic DFUs. The articles discussing the T2DM disease state, current research on Rv for treating inflammation, the role of Rv in enhancing wound healing, and exosomes as a delivery vehicle were critically reviewed to find support for the proposition of using Rv and exosomes in combination for DFUs therapy. The literature reviewed suggests the beneficial role of Rv and exosomes and exosomes loaded with anti-inflammatory agents as promising therapeutic agents in ulcer healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P B Littig
- Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States
| | - Rebecca Moellmer
- College of Podiatry, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States
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79
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Davies OG, Williams S, Goldie K. The therapeutic and commercial landscape of stem cell vesicles in regenerative dermatology. J Control Release 2023; 353:1096-1106. [PMID: 36535543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid enveloped nanoparticles that are naturally produced by cells and function in the intercellular transfer of biological material such as proteins, RNAs and metabolites. They have been shown to act in an autocrine and paracrine manner to alter the functions of local and distant recipient cells, with a growing body of evidence highlighting their wide-ranging functions in regenerative processes such as stem cell maintenance, tissue repair and immune modulation. EVs offer several potential advantages over stem cell therapies such as improved safety profiles, scalability, and enhanced storage and quality control of the final product. In fact, many of the pro-regenerative outcomes of stem cell therapies have been attributed to the release of mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) and their potent effects on extracellular matrix turnover, local cell recruitment, proliferation and angiogenesis is now well described. These positive outcomes have led to clinical trials assessing the safety of MSC-EVs for applications in wound healing and the treatment of cutaneous ulcers, as well as the emergence of multiple commercial MSC-EV sources marketed for topical application in cosmetic medicine. However, regenerative EV therapeutics remain in their infancy and pertinent questions regarding product standardisation, potency and the regulatory landscape surrounding the development of these promising nano-therapeutics must be addressed to ensure safe and effective clinical adoption. In this article we provide an overview of the emerging landscape of MSC-EVs in regenerative dermatology and cosmetic science, highlighting the underlying biological mechanisms pertinent to their application and providing a perspective on current safety considerations, regulation and future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- O G Davies
- School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK.
| | - S Williams
- School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - K Goldie
- European Medical Aesthetics Ltd, London, UK
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80
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Dong J, Wu B, Tian W. How to maximize the therapeutic effect of exosomes on skin wounds in diabetes mellitus: Review and discussion. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1146991. [PMID: 37051206 PMCID: PMC10083381 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1146991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic skin wound healing, especially in diabetes mellitus, is still unsolved. Although many efforts have been made to treat diabetic skin wounds, current strategies have achieved limited effectiveness. Nowadays, a great number of studies have shown that exosomes might be a promising approach for treating diabetic wounds. Many studies and reviews have focused on investigating and discussing the effectiveness and mechanism of exosomes. However, maximizing its value in treating skin wounds in diabetes mellitus requires further consideration. In this review, we reviewed and discussed the aspects that could be further improved in this process, including finding a better source of exosomes, engineering exosomes, adjusting dosage and frequency, and combining more efficient delivery methods. This review provided an overview and idea of what we can do to improve the therapeutic effect of exosomes on skin wounds in diabetes mellitus. Only by combining all the factors that affect the effectiveness of exosomes in diabetic wound healing can we further promote their clinical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Dong
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Dong, ; Weidong Tian,
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Dong, ; Weidong Tian,
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81
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Jiang M, Jiang X, Li H, Zhang C, Zhang Z, Wu C, Zhang J, Hu J, Zhang J. The role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs in diabetic wound healing. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1136098. [PMID: 36926346 PMCID: PMC10011107 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1136098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot is one of the most common complications of diabetes, requiring repeated surgical interventions and leading to amputation. In the absence of effective drugs, new treatments need to be explored. Previous studies have found that stem cell transplantation can promote the healing of chronic diabetic wounds. However, safety issues have limited the clinical application of this technique. Recently, the performance of mesenchymal stem cells after transplantation has been increasingly attributed to their production of exocrine functional derivatives such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), cytokines, and cell-conditioned media. EVs contain a variety of cellular molecules, including RNA, DNA and proteins, which facilitate the exchange of information between cells. EVs have several advantages over parental stem cells, including a high safety profile, no immune response, fewer ethical concerns, and a reduced likelihood of embolism formation and carcinogenesis. In this paper, we summarize the current knowledge of mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs in accelerating diabetic wound healing, as well as their potential clinic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xupin Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Geriatic Oncology, Department of Palliative Care, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Endocrinology Department, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiongyu Hu
- Endocrinology Department, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaping Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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82
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Mahmoudvand G, Karimi Rouzbahani A, Razavi ZS, Mahjoor M, Afkhami H. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for non-healing diabetic foot ulcer infection: New insight. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1158484. [PMID: 37122856 PMCID: PMC10133463 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1158484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is considered the most catastrophic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), leading to repeated hospitalizations, infection, gangrene, and finally amputation of the limb. In patients suffering from diabetes mellitus, the wound-healing process is impaired due to various factors such as endothelial dysfunction and synthesis of advanced glycation end-products, hence, conventional therapeutic interventions might not be effective. With increasing therapeutic applications of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in recent years, their potential as a method for improving the wound-healing process has gained remarkable attention. In this field, mesenchymal stem cells exert their beneficial effects through immunomodulation, differentiation into the essential cells at the site of ulcers, and promoting angiogenesis, among others. In this article, we review cellular and molecular pathways through which mesenchymal stem cell therapy reinforces the healing process in non-healing Diabetic foot ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Mahmoudvand
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Arian Karimi Rouzbahani
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Razavi
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Mahjoor
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Hamed Afkhami,
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83
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Kong H, Liu P, Li H, Zeng X, Xu P, Yao X, Liu S, Cheng CK, Xu J. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: The Novel Therapeutic Option for Regenerative Dentistry. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:46-58. [PMID: 35132538 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10342-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by unlimited self-renewal ability and high multidirectional differentiation potential. Since dental MSCs can be easily isolated and exhibit a high capability to differentiate into odontogenic cells, they are considered as attractive therapeutic agents in regenerative dentistry. Recently, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have attracted widespread attention as carriers for cell-free therapy due to their potential functions. Many studies have shown that MSC-EVs can mediate microenvironment at tissue damage site, and coordinate the regeneration process. Additionally, MSC-EVs can mediate intercellular communication, thus affecting the phenotypes and functions of recipient cells. In this review, we mainly summarized the types of MSCs that could be potentially applied in regenerative dentistry, the possible molecular cargos of MSC-EVs, and the major effects of MSC-EVs on the therapeutic induction of osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Kong
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiqi Liu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongwen Li
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Longgang Institute of Stomatology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiantao Zeng
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiwu Xu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhui Yao
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Senqing Liu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chak Kwong Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. .,Shenzhen Longgang Institute of Stomatology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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84
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Zheng Y, Xu P, Pan C, Wang Y, Liu Z, Chen Y, Chen C, Fu S, Xue K, Zhou Q, Liu K. Production and Biological Effects of Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Were Markedly Increased by Low-Intensity Ultrasound Stimulation for Promoting Diabetic Wound Healing. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 19:784-806. [PMID: 36562958 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10487-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic wound treatment has posed a significant challenge in clinical practice. As a kind of cell-derived nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles produced by adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC-EVs) have been reported to be potential agents for diabetic wound treatment. However, ADSC-EV yield is insufficient to meet the demands of clinical therapy. In this study, a novel method involving the use of low-intensity ultrasound stimulation on ADSCs is developed to promote EV secretion for clinical use. A proper low-intensity ultrasound stimulation parameter which significantly increases ADSC-EV quantity has been found. In addition, EVs secreted by ADSCs following low-intensity ultrasound stimulation (US-EVs) are enriched in wound healing-related miRNAs. Moreover, US-EVs promote the biological functions of fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells in vitro, and promote diabetic wound healing in db/db mice in vivo through re-epithelialization, collagen production, cell proliferation, keratinocyte differentiation and migration, and angiogenesis. This study proposes low-intensity ultrasound stimulation as a new method for promoting significant EV secretion by ADSCs and for improving the diabetic wound-healing potential of EVs, which will meet the clinical needs for these nanoparticles. The production of extracellular vesicles of adipose-derived stem cells is obviously promoted by a low-intensity ultrasound stimulation method, and the biological effects of promoting diabetic wound healing were markedly increased in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chuqiao Pan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Yikai Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Zibo Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Yahong Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuhsin Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Shibo Fu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Xue
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Qimin Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China.
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85
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Wu J, Chen LH, Sun SY, Li Y, Ran XW. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: The dawn of diabetic wound healing. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:1066-1095. [PMID: 36578867 PMCID: PMC9791572 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i12.1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wound healing has long been an unmet medical need in the field of wound repair, with diabetes being one of the major etiologies. Diabetic chronic wounds (DCWs), especially diabetic foot ulcers, are one of the most threatening chronic complications of diabetes. Although the treatment strategies, drugs, and dressings for DCWs have made great progress, they remain ineffective in some patients with refractory wounds. Stem cell-based therapies have achieved specific efficacy in various fields, with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) being the most widely used. Although MSCs have achieved good feedback in preclinical studies and clinical trials in the treatment of cutaneous wounds or other situations, the potential safety concerns associated with allogeneic/autologous stem cells and unknown long-term health effects need further attention and supervision. Recent studies have reported that stem cells mainly exert their trauma repair effects through paracrine secretion, and exosomes play an important role in intercellular communication as their main bioactive component. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) inherit the powerful inflammation and immune modulation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration promotion, oxidative stress alleviation, collagen remodeling imbalances regulation of their parental cells, and can avoid the potential risks of direct stem cell transplantation to a large extent, thus demonstrating promising performance as novel "cell-free" therapies in chronic wounds. This review aimed to elucidate the potential mechanism and update the progress of MSC-Exos in DCW healing, thereby providing new therapeutic directions for DCWs that are difficult to be cured using conventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Innovation Center for Wound Repair, Diabetic Foot Care Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li-Hong Chen
- Innovation Center for Wound Repair, Diabetic Foot Care Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shi-Yi Sun
- Innovation Center for Wound Repair, Diabetic Foot Care Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Innovation Center for Wound Repair, Diabetic Foot Care Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xing-Wu Ran
- Innovation Center for Wound Repair, Diabetic Foot Care Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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86
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Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Corneal Wound Repair by Regulating Inflammation and Angiogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233892. [PMID: 36497151 PMCID: PMC9736484 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe corneal damage leads to complete vision loss, thereby affecting life quality and impinging heavily on the healthcare system. Current clinical approaches to manage corneal wounds suffer from severe drawbacks, thus requiring the development of alternative strategies. Of late, mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become a promising tool in the ophthalmic field. In the present study, we topically delivered bone-marrow-derived MSC-EVs (BMSC-EVs), embedded in methylcellulose, in a murine model of alkali-burn-induced corneal damage in order to evaluate their role in corneal repair through histological and molecular analyses, with the support of magnetic resonance imaging. Our data show that BMSC-EVs, used for the first time in this specific formulation on the damaged cornea, modulate cell death, inflammation and angiogenetic programs in the injured tissue, thus leading to a faster recovery of corneal damage. These results were confirmed on cadaveric donor-derived human corneal epithelial cells in vitro. Thus, BMSC-EVs modulate corneal repair dynamics and are promising as a new cell-free approach for intervening on burn wounds, especially in the avascularized region of the eye.
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87
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Luo Z, Sun Y, Qi B, Lin J, Chen Y, Xu Y, Chen J. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit shoulder stiffness via let-7a/Tgfbr1 axis. Bioact Mater 2022; 17:344-359. [PMID: 35386460 PMCID: PMC8965035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Shoulder stiffness (SS) is a common shoulder disease characterized by increasing pain and limited range of motion. SS is considered to be an inflammatory and fibrotic disorder pathologically. However, there is no consensus on the most effective conservative treatment for fibrosis. Given that human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) displayed promising therapeutic effects for various tissues, we investigated the therapeutic effect of BMSC-EVs on fibrosis in a mice immobilization model and two cell models. By conducting a series of experiments, we found that BMSC-EVs can significantly inhibit the fibrogenic process both in vitro and in vivo. In detail, BMSC-EVs suppressed the aberrant proliferation, high collagen production capacity, and activation of fibrotic pathways in TGF-β-stimulated fibroblasts in vitro. Besides, in vivo, BMSC-EVs reduced cell infiltration, reduced fibrotic tissue in the shoulder capsule, and improved shoulder mobility. In addition, via exosomal small RNA sequencing and qPCR analysis, let-7a-5p was verified to be the highest expressed miRNA with predicted antifibrotic capability in BMSC-EVs. The antifibrotic capacity of BMSC-EVs was significantly impaired after the knockdown of let-7a-5p. Moreover, we discovered that the mRNA of TGFBR1 (the membrane receptor of transforming growth factor β) was the target of let-7a-5p. Together, these findings elucidated the antifibrotic role of BMSC-EVs in shoulder capsular fibrosis. This study clarifies a new approach using stem cell-derived EVs therapy as an alternative to cell therapy, which may clinically benefit patients with SS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beijie Qi
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrong Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisheng Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiwu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author. Shanghai General Hospital, No. 85 Wujin Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, China.
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88
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Nallakumarasamy A, Jeyaraman M, Maffulli N, Jeyaraman N, Suresh V, Ravichandran S, Gupta M, Potty AG, El-Amin SF, Khanna M, Gupta A. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Wound Healing. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1733. [PMID: 36362890 PMCID: PMC9699035 DOI: 10.3390/life12111733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The well-orchestrated process of wound healing may be negatively impacted from interrupted or incomplete tissue regenerative processes. The healing potential is further compromised in patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic venous insufficiency, critical limb ischemia, and immunocompromised conditions, with a high health care burden and expenditure. Stem cell-based therapy has shown promising results in clinical studies. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC Exos) may favorably impact intercellular signaling and immunomodulation, promoting neoangiogenesis, collagen synthesis, and neoepithelization. This article gives an outline of the biogenesis and mechanism of extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, in the process of tissue regeneration and discusses the use of preconditioned exosomes, platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes, and engineered exosomes in three-dimensional bioscaffolds such as hydrogels (collagen and chitosan) to prolong the contact time of exosomes at the recipient site within the target tissue. An appropriate antibiotic therapy based on culture-specific guidance coupled with the knowledge of biopolymers helps to fabricate nanotherapeutic materials loaded with MSC Exos to effectively deliver drugs locally and promote novel approaches for the management of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751019, Odissa, India
- Fellow in Orthopaedic Rheumatology, Dr. RML National Law University, Lucknow 226010, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow 226010, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow 226010, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine—Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Medical Research and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine—Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
- South Texas Orthopaedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX 78045, USA
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona Hospital “Clinica Ortopedica” Department, Hospital of Salerno, 84124 Salerno, Italy
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4DG, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Stoke on Trent ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow 226010, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Fellow in Joint Replacement, Department of Orthopaedics, Atlas Hospitals, Tiruchirappalli 620002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veerasivabalan Suresh
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Madras Medical College and Hospital, Chennai 600003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srinath Ravichandran
- Department of General and GI Surgery, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Stockport SK27JE, UK
| | - Manu Gupta
- Polar Aesthetics Dental & Cosmetic Centre, Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anish G. Potty
- South Texas Orthopaedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX 78045, USA
| | - Saadiq F. El-Amin
- El-Amin Orthopaedic & Sports Medicine Institute, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- Regenerative Sports Medicine, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
| | - Manish Khanna
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow 226010, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Autonomous State Medical College, Ayodhya 224135, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashim Gupta
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow 226010, Uttar Pradesh, India
- South Texas Orthopaedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX 78045, USA
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- Regenerative Orthopaedics, Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
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Hao M, Duan M, Yang Z, Zhou H, Li S, Xiang J, Wu H, Liu H, Chang L, Wang D, Liu W. Engineered stem cell exosomes for oral and maxillofacial wound healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1038261. [PMID: 36353739 PMCID: PMC9637828 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1038261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing of the oral and maxillofacial area affects the quality of life and mental health of the patient; therefore, effective therapies are required to promote wound healing. However, traditional treatment methods have limited efficacy. Exosomes secreted by stem cells used for oral and maxillofacial wound healing have shown outstanding results. Stem cell-derived exosomes possess the regenerative and repair ability of stem cells. Moreover, they are nontumorigenic and have good biosafety. However, the application of natural stem cell exosomes is limited owing to their low yield, impurity, lack of targeting, and low drug delivery rate. Many modification methods have been developed to engineered stem cell exosomes with beneficial properties, such as modifying parent cells and directly processing stem cell exosomes. These methods include coincubation, genetic engineering, electroporation, ultrasound, and artificial synthesis of engineered stem cell exosomes. These engineered stem cell exosomes can cargo nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules. This gives them anti-inflammatory and cell proliferation regulatory abilities and enables the targeted promotion of efficient soft tissue repair after trauma. Engineered stem cell exosomes can decrease inflammation, promote fibroblast proliferation, and angiogenesis, and decrease scar formation to promote oral and maxillofacial wound healing, including diabetic and burn wounds. Thus, engineered stem cell exosomes are an effective treatment that has the potential for oral and maxillofacial wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - MengNa Duan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhijing Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hengzong Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuangji Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingcheng Xiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Chang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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90
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Potential Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Complications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102208. [PMID: 36297643 PMCID: PMC9607185 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As a novel cell-free strategy, mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) inherit the therapeutic potential of donor cells, and are widely used for the treatment of many diseases. Increasing studies have shown that MSC-EVs transfer various bioactive molecules to create a beneficial microenvironment, thus exerting protective roles in diabetic mellitus (DM) and diabetic complications. To overcome the limitations of natural MSC-EVs such as heterogeneity and insufficient function, several modification methods have been established for constructing engineered MSC-EVs with elevated repairing efficiency. In this review, the PubMed library was searched from inception to August 2022, using a combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keywords related to MSC-EVs, DM, and diabetic complications. We provide an overview of the major characteristics of MSC-EVs and summarize the recent advances of MSC-EV-based therapy for hyperglycemia-induced tissue damage with an emphasis on MSC-EV-mediated delivery of functional components. Moreover, the potential applications of engineered MSC-EVs in DM-related diseases therapy are discussed by presenting examples, and the opportunities and challenges for the clinical translation of MSC-EVs, especially engineered MSC-EVs, are evaluated.
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91
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Świerczek-Lasek B, Tolak L, Bijoch L, Stefaniuk M, Szpak P, Kalaszczynska I, Streminska W, Ciemerych MA, Archacka K. Comparison of Muscle Regeneration after BMSC-Conditioned Medium, Syngeneic, or Allogeneic BMSC Injection. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182843. [PMID: 36139418 PMCID: PMC9497150 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years optimal treatment for dysfunctional skeletal muscle characterized, for example, by impaired or limited regeneration, has been searched. Among the crucial factors enabling its development is finding the appropriate source of cells, which could participate in tissue reconstruction or serve as an immunomodulating agent (limiting immune response as well as fibrosis, that is, connective tissue formation), after transplantation to regenerating muscles. MSCs, including those derived from bone marrow, are considered for such applications in terms of their immunomodulatory properties, as their naive myogenic potential is rather limited. Injection of autologous (syngeneic) or allogeneic BMSCs has been or is currently being tested and compared in many potential clinical treatments. In the present study, we verified which approach, that is, the transplantation of either syngeneic or allogeneic BMSCs or the injection of BMSC-conditioned medium, would be the most beneficial for skeletal muscle regeneration. To properly assess the influence of the tested treatments on the inflammation, the experiments were carried out using immunocompetent mice, which allowed us to observe immune response. Combined analysis of muscle histology, immune cell infiltration, and levels of selected chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors important for muscle regeneration, showed that muscle injection with BMSC-conditioned medium is the most beneficial strategy, as it resulted in reduced inflammation and fibrosis development, together with enhanced new fiber formation, which may be related to, i.e., elevated level of IGF-1. In contrast, transplantation of allogeneic BMSCs to injured muscles resulted in a visible increase in the immune response, which hindered regeneration by promoting connective tissue formation. In comparison, syngeneic BMSC injection, although not detrimental to muscle regeneration, did not result in such significant improvement as CM injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Świerczek-Lasek
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str. 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Tolak
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str. 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Bijoch
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity, BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Stefaniuk
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Szpak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Str. 1b, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Kalaszczynska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Str. 1b, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory for Cell Research and Application, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Str. 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Władysława Streminska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str. 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria A. Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str. 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Archacka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str. 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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92
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Teng L, Maqsood M, Zhu M, Zhou Y, Kang M, Zhou J, Chen J. Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing via Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization, Angiogenesis, and Collagen Deposition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810421. [PMID: 36142334 PMCID: PMC9498995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Some scholars have suggested that the clinical application of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs-exo) might represent a novel strategy to improve diabetic wound healing. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of hucMSCs-exo on wound healing remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify the mechanism of hucMSCs-exo in treating diabetic wounds. HucMSCs-exo were isolated from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) and subcutaneously injected into full-thickness wounds in diabetic rats. Wound healing closure rates and histological analysis were performed. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), macrophage mannose receptor (MMR/CD206), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The degree of collagen deposition was examined using Masson’s trichrome staining. Gross evaluation of wound healing was carried out from day 0 to 14 post-surgery, and the wound site was harvested for histology on days 3, 7, and 14 post-wounding. HucMSCs-exo transplantation increased diabetic wound healing. In vitro, hucMSCs-exo promoted the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and NIH-3T3 cells. In vivo, hucMSCs-exo reduced wound area and inflammatory infiltration and increased collagen fibers. In addition, wound tissues in the hucMSCs-exo group had higher CD206, CD31, and VEGF expressions and lower TNF-α levels than those in the control group on day 14. Our results demonstrated that hucMSCs-exo facilitated diabetic wound repair by inducing anti-inflammatory macrophages and promoting angiogenesis and collagen deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Teng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Maria Maqsood
- School of Life Sciences and Heath Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Heath Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingzhu Kang
- School of Life Sciences and Heath Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Heath Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinghua Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Heath Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence:
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93
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Zhang Z, Yang X, Cao X, Qin A, Zhao J. Current applications of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in bone repair and regeneration: A review of cell experiments, animal models, and clinical trials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:942128. [PMID: 36159705 PMCID: PMC9490047 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.942128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of orthopaedics, bone defects caused by severe trauma, infection, tumor resection, and skeletal abnormalities are very common. However, due to the lengthy and painful process of related surgery, people intend to shorten the recovery period and reduce the risk of rejection; as a result, more attention is being paid to bone regeneration with mesenchymal stromal cells, one of which is the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) from adipose tissue. After continuous subculture and cryopreservation, ASCs still have the potential for multidirectional differentiation. They can be implanted in the human body to promote bone repair after induction in vitro, solve the problems of scarce sources and large damage, and are expected to be used in the treatment of bone defects and non-union fractures. However, the diversity of its differentiation lineage and the lack of bone formation potential limit its current applications in bone disease. Here, we concluded the current applications of ASCs in bone repair, especially with the combination and use of physical and biological methods. ASCs alone have been proved to contribute to the repair of bone damage in vivo and in vitro. Attaching to bone scaffolds or adding bioactive molecules can enhance the formation of the bone matrix. Moreover, we further evaluated the efficiency of ASC-committed differentiation in the bone in conditions of cell experiments, animal models, and clinical trials. The results show that ASCs in combination with synthetic bone grafts and biomaterials may affect the regeneration, augmentation, and vascularization of bone defects on bone healing. The specific conclusion of different materials applied with ASCs may vary. It has been confirmed to benefit osteogenesis by regulating osteogenic signaling pathways and gene transduction. Exosomes secreted by ASCs also play an important role in osteogenesis. This review will illustrate the understanding of scientists and clinicians of the enormous promise of ASCs’ current applications and future development in bone repair and regeneration, and provide an incentive for superior employment of such strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyue Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiankun Cao
- Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - An Qin
- Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: An Qin, ; Jie Zhao,
| | - Jie Zhao
- Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: An Qin, ; Jie Zhao,
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94
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Robert AW, Marcon BH, Angulski ABB, Martins SDT, Leitolis A, Stimamiglio MA, Senegaglia AC, Correa A, Alves LR. Selective Loading and Variations in the miRNA Profile of Extracellular Vesicles from Endothelial-like Cells Cultivated under Normoxia and Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710066. [PMID: 36077462 PMCID: PMC9456085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial-like cells may be obtained from CD133+ mononuclear cells isolated from human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) and expanded using endothelial-inducing medium (E-CD133 cells). Their use in regenerative medicine has been explored by the potential not only to form vessels but also by the secretion of bioactive elements. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are prominent messengers of this paracrine activity, transporting bioactive molecules that may guide cellular response under different conditions. Using RNA-Seq, we characterized the miRNA content of EVs derived from E-CD133 cells cultivated under normoxia (N-EVs) and hypoxia (H-EVs) and observed that changing the O2 status led to variations in the selective loading of miRNAs in the EVs. In silico analysis showed that among the targets of differentially loaded miRNAs, there are transcripts involved in pathways related to cell growth and survival, such as FoxO and HIF-1 pathways. The data obtained reinforce the pro-regenerative potential of EVs obtained from E-CD133 cells and shows that fine tuning of their properties may be regulated by culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anny Waloski Robert
- Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas—ICC-FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruna Hilzendeger Marcon
- Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas—ICC-FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil
| | - Addeli Bez Batti Angulski
- Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas—ICC-FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil
| | - Sharon de Toledo Martins
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas—ICC-FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil
| | - Amanda Leitolis
- Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas—ICC-FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil
| | - Marco Augusto Stimamiglio
- Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas—ICC-FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Cristina Senegaglia
- Core for Cell Technology-School of Medicine, Universidade Católica Paraná-PUCPR, Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine (INCT-REGENERA), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Correa
- Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas—ICC-FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine (INCT-REGENERA), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (L.R.A.)
| | - Lysangela Ronalte Alves
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas—ICC-FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (L.R.A.)
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95
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Practical Considerations for Translating Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Bench to Bed. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081684. [PMID: 36015310 PMCID: PMC9414392 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown potential for the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries. This approach can eliminate the need to transplant live cells to the human body, thereby reducing issues related to the maintenance of cell viability and stability and potential erroneous differentiation of transplanted cells to bone or tumor. Despite these advantages, there are practical issues that need to be considered for successful clinical application of MSC-EV-based products in the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries. This review aims to discuss the general and tissue-specific considerations for manufacturing MSC-EVs for clinical translation. Specifically, we will discuss Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant manufacturing and quality control (parent cell source, culture conditions, concentration method, quantity, identity, purity and impurities, sterility, potency, reproducibility, storage and formulation), as well as safety and efficacy issues. Special considerations for applying MSC-EVs, such as their compatibility with arthroscopy for the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries, are also highlighted.
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96
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Diagnostic and Therapeutic Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Aging-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6742792. [PMID: 35979398 PMCID: PMC9377967 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6742792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging shows a decline in overall physical function, and cellular senescence is the powerful catalyst leading to aging. Considering that aging will be accompanied with the emergence of various aging-related diseases, research on new antiaging drugs is still valuable. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as tools for intercellular communication, are important components of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and they can play pathological roles in the process of cellular senescence. In addition, EVs are similar to their original cells in functions. Therefore, EVs derived from pathological tissues or body fluids may be closely related to the progression of diseases and become potential biomarkers, while those from healthy cells may have therapeutic effects. Moreover, EVs are satisfactory drug carriers. At present, numerous studies have supported the idea that engineered EVs could improve drug targeting ability and utilization efficiency. Here, we summarize the characteristics of EVs and cellular senescence and focus on the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of EVs in various aging-related diseases, including Alzheimer disease, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and its complications, and skin aging.
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97
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Rai V, Moellmer R, Agrawal DK. Stem Cells and Angiogenesis: Implications and Limitations in Enhancing Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcer Healing. Cells 2022; 11:2287. [PMID: 35892584 PMCID: PMC9330772 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonhealing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a continuing clinical issue despite the improved treatment with wound debridement, off-loading the ulcer, medication, wound dressings, and preventing infection by keeping the ulcer clean. Wound healing is associated with granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis favoring the wound to enter the resolution phase of healing followed by healing. However, chronic inflammation and reduced angiogenesis in a hyperglycemic environment impair the normal healing cascade and result in chronically non-healing diabetic foot ulcers. Promoting angiogenesis is associated with enhanced wound healing and using vascular endothelial growth factors has been proven beneficial to promote neo-angiogenesis. However, still, nonhealing DFUs persist with increased risks of amputation. Regenerative medicine is an evolving branch applicable in wound healing with the use of stem cells to promote angiogenesis. Various studies have reported promising results, but the associated limitations need in-depth research. This article focuses on summarizing and critically reviewing the published literature since 2021 on the use of stem cells to promote angiogenesis and enhance wound healing in chronic non-healing DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
| | - Rebecca Moellmer
- College of Podiatric Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
| | - Devendra K. Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
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98
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Small Extracellular Vesicles from Inflamed Adipose Derived Stromal Cells Enhance the NF-κB-Dependent Inflammatory/Catabolic Environment of Osteoarthritis. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:9376338. [PMID: 35898656 PMCID: PMC9314187 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9376338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has seen exponentially growing efforts to exploit the effects of adipose derived stromal cells (ADSC) in the treatment of a wide range of chronic degenerative diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent joint disorder. In the perspective of developing a cell-free advanced therapy medicinal product, a focus has been recently addressed to the ADSC secretome that lends itself to an allogeneic use and can be further dissected for the selective purification of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). sEVs can act as “biological drug carriers” to transfer information that mirror the pathophysiology of the providing cells. This is important in the clinical perspective where many OA patients are also affected by the metabolic syndrome (MetS). ADSC from MetS OA patients are dysfunctional and “inflammatory” primed within the adipose tissue. To mimic this condition, we exposed ADSC to IL-1β, and then we investigated the effects of the isolated sEVs on chondrocytes and synoviocytes, either cultured separately or in co-culture, to tease out the effects of these “IL-1β primed sEVs” on gene and protein expression of major inflammatory and catabolic OA markers. In comparison with sEVs isolated from unstimulated ADSC, the IL-1β primed sEVs were able to propagate NF-κB activation in bystander joint cells. The effects were more prominent on synoviocytes, possibly because of a higher expression of binding molecules such as CD44. These findings call upon a careful characterization of the “inflammatory fingerprint” of ADSC to avoid the transfer of an unwanted message as well as the development of in vitro “preconditioning” strategies able to rescue the antiinflammatory/anticatabolic potential of ADSC-derived sEVs.
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Liu R, Dong R, Chang M, Liang X, Wang HC. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Diabetic Wound: From Basic Study to Clinical Application. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:882469. [PMID: 35898452 PMCID: PMC9309392 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.882469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic wounds significantly affect the life quality of patients and may cause amputation and mortality if poorly managed. Recently, a wide range of cell-based methods has emerged as novel therapeutic methods in treating diabetic wounds. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are considered to have the potential for widespread clinical application of diabetic wounds treatment in the future. This review summarized the mechanisms of ASCs to promote diabetic wound healing, including the promotion of immunomodulation, neovascularization, and fibro synthesis. We also review the current progress and limitations of clinical studies using ASCs to intervene in diabetic wound healing. New methods of ASC delivery have been raised in recent years to provide a standardized and convenient use of ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhu Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijia Dong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengling Chang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hayson Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Fujita M, Matsumoto T, Hayashi S, Hashimoto S, Nakano N, Maeda T, Kuroda Y, Takashima Y, Kikuchi K, Anjiki K, Ikuta K, Onoi Y, Tachibana S, Matsushita T, Iwaguro H, Sobajima S, Hiranaka T, Kuroda R. Paracrine effect of the stromal vascular fraction containing M2 macrophages on human chondrocytes through the Smad2/3 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3627-3639. [PMID: 35766589 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is composed of a heterogeneous mix of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), macrophages, pericytes, fibroblasts, blood, and other cells. Previous studies have found that the paracrine effects of SVF cells may be therapeutic, but their role in osteoarthritis treatment remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of SVF cells on chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were seeded on culture plates alone (control) or cocultured with SVF or ADSCs on cell culture inserts. After 48 h of coculture, chondrocyte collagen II, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP-3), and matrix metalloproteinases-13 (MMP-13) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were evaluated using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) levels in the supernatant were measured using ELISA. Immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the macrophages in the SVF. These macrophages were characterized according to phenotype using the F4/80, CD86, and CD163 markers. To determine whether the Smad2/3 signaling pathways were involved, the chondrocytes were pre-treated with a Smad2/3 phosphorylation inhibitor and stimulated with the SVF, and then Smad2/3 phosphorylation levels were analyzed using western blot. The mRNA expression levels of various paracrine factors and chondrocyte pellet size were also assessed. Collagen II and TIMP-3 expression were higher in the SVF group than in the ADSC group and controls, while MMP-13 expression was the highest in the ADSC group and the lowest in the controls. TGF-β levels in the SVF group were also elevated. Immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry revealed that the macrophages in the SVF were of the anti-inflammatory phenotype. Western blot analysis showed that the SVF increased Smad2/3 phosphorylation, while Smad2/3 inhibitors decreased phosphorylation. Smad2/3 inhibitors also reduced the expression of various other paracrine factors and decreased chondrocyte pellet size. These findings suggested that the paracrine effect of heterogeneous cells, such as anti-inflammatory macrophages, in the SVF partly supports chondrocyte regeneration through TGF-β-induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Fujita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shingo Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Maeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kikuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kensuke Anjiki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kemmei Ikuta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuma Onoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shotaro Tachibana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takehiko Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideki Iwaguro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sobajima Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sobajima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sobajima Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hiranaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Joint Surgery Centre, Takatsuki General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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