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Heidari N, Abbasi-Kenarsari H, Namaki S, Baghaei K, Zali MR, Mirsanei Z, Hashemi SM. Regulation of the Th17/Treg balance by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes protects against acute experimental colitis. Exp Cell Res 2022; 419:113296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Deng L, Wang S, Zhang R, Huang J, Lin Y, Liu X, Lu Z, Li M, Tan W. Protective effects of (R)-enantiomers but not (S)-enantiomers of β2-adrenergic receptor agonists against acute colitis: The role of β2AR. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108997. [PMID: 35767902 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The outcomes of ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment remain unsatisfactory. Salbutamol is a β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonist that is frequently used to treat human airway diseases, and it is a chiral drug with (RS)-isomers. However, the effects of (RS)-enantiomers of this drug on acute ulcerative colitis remain unknown. The present work determined and compared the effects of different chiral β2AR agonists in acute colitis. Acute colitis was established in mice with 3% dextran sulfate sodium and the mice were orally administered different salbutamol isomers. Body weight loss, colon length, disease activity index (DAI), and colon histopathology were assessed. Inflammatory cytokine levels were detected by ELISA. Colonic biopsies were collected from colitis patients. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing was carried out to assess the composition and relative abundance of the gut microbiome. The expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers in the colon were assessed by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. The results revealed that (R)-salbutamol prevented body weight loss and colonic shortening, decreased the DAI and histopathological scores, and reduced splenomegaly and inflammatory cytokine levels significantly better than (RS)-salbutamol and (S)-salbutamol. (R)-salbutamol downregulated levels of inflammatory protein in LPS-induced human colon tissue specimens. Furthermore, (R)-salbutamol ameliorated gut dysbiosis and macrophage polarization in mice with colitis. The β2AR antagonist ICI-118551 reversed the effect of (R)-salbutamol in ameliorating acute colitis. Taken together, (R)-salbutamol ameliorated the mice with acute colitis, which can serve as a new candidate or lead compound for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjun Deng
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanping Wang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiandong Huang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Lin
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lu
- Post-Doctoral Innovation Site, Jinan University Affiliation, Yuanzhi Health Technology Co, Ltd, Hengqin New District, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingsong Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Tan
- Post-Doctoral Innovation Site, Jinan University Affiliation, Yuanzhi Health Technology Co, Ltd, Hengqin New District, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
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Microbial changes in stool, saliva, serum, and urine before and after anti-TNF-α therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6359. [PMID: 35428806 PMCID: PMC9012770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic immune-mediated intestinal inflammatory disorders associated with microbial dysbiosis at multiple sites, particularly the gut. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) agents are important treatments for IBD. We investigated whether microbiome changes at multiple sites can predict the effectiveness of such treatment in IBD. Stool, saliva, serum, and urine biosamples were collected from 19 IBD patients before (V1) and 3 months after (V2) anti-TNF-α treatment, and 19 healthy subjects (control). Microbiota analysis was performed using extracellular vesicles (EVs; all four sample types) and next-generation sequencing (NGS; stool and saliva). The stool, using NGS analysis, was the only sample type in which α-diversity differed significantly between the IBD and control groups at V1 and V2. Relative to non-responders, responders to anti-TNF-α treatment had significantly higher levels of Firmicutes (phylum), Clostridia (class), and Ruminococcaceae (family) in V1 stool, and Prevotella in V1 saliva. Non-responders had significantly higher V2 serum and urine levels of Lachnospiraceae than responders. Finally, Acidovorax caeni was detected in all V1 sample types in responders, but was not detected in non-responders. Microbiome changes at multiple sites may predict the effectiveness of anti-TNF-α treatment in IBD, warranting further research.
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Nutraceuticals and Diet Supplements in Crohn's Disease: A General Overview of the Most Promising Approaches in the Clinic. Foods 2022; 11:foods11071044. [PMID: 35407131 PMCID: PMC8998137 DOI: 10.3390/foods11071044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disorder requiring lifelong medications. The currently approved drugs for CD are associated with relevant side effects and several studies suggest an increased use of nutraceuticals among CD patients, seeking for what is perceived as a more "natural" approach in controlling this highly morbid condition. Nutraceuticals are foods or foods' components with beneficial health properties that could aid in CD treatment for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunoregulatory activities that come along with safety, high tolerability, easy availability and affordability. Depending on their biological effect, nutraceuticals' support could be employed in different subsets of CD patients, both those with active disease, as adjunctive immunomodulatory therapies, and/or in quiescent disease to provide symptomatic relief in patients with residual functional symptoms. Despite the increasing interest of the general public, both limited research and lack of education from healthcare professionals regarding their real clinical effectiveness account for the increasing number of patients turning to unconventional sources. Professionals should recognize their widespread use and the evidence base for or against their efficacy to properly counsel IBD patients. Overall, nutraceuticals appear to be safe complements to conventional therapies; nonetheless, little quality evidence supports a positive impact on underlying inflammatory activity.
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Gu D, Nan Q, Miao Y, Yang H, Li M, Ye Y, Miao J. KT2 alleviates ulcerative colitis by reducing Th17 cell differentiation through the miR-302c-5p/STAT3 axis. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151223. [PMID: 35405463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The abnormal differentiation of Th17 cells aggravates ulcerative colitis (UC). Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exert pivotal protection functions against UC. KT2 is a cationic AMP that mediates colon cancer development. However, KT2's function in UC remains unclear. METHODS The UC mouse model was induced by administering 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium, and the mice were given an enema of KT2. KT2's function in UC and Th17 cell differentiation in vivo was evaluated through various molecular experiments. The KT2's function in Th17 cell differentiation in vitro was evaluated by the proportion of CD4+ IL-17+ T cells, IL-17 levels, and RORγt expression levels. Meanwhile, the mechanism was assessed through quantitative real-time PCR, various loss-of-function assays, and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS KT2 restrained Th17 cell differentiation in both in vivo and in vitro UC models and slowed the UC process. KT2 elevated miR-302c-5p expression, as well as restrained Th17 cell differentiation by increasing miR-302c-5p. Meanwhile, miR-302c-5p interacted with the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and negatively regulated its expression. Furthermore, our data revealed that KT2 restrained the activation of STAT3 by elevating miR-302c-5p, thereby inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation. CONCLUSION KT2 alleviates UC by repressing Th17 cell differentiation through the miR-302c-5p/STAT3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Qiong Nan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Yinglei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Hailong Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Maojuan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Yan Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Jiarong Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China.
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Patel JI, Kumbhani M, Raval MM. Protective Effect of Nelumbo nucifera Plant on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats. ANNALS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (INDIA) 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives Ulcerative colitis is a global disease with increasing incidence and worldwide prevalence. So this study was undertaken to observe antiulcerative colitis activity of ethanolic extract of seeds of Nelumbo nucifera plant on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in rats.
Materials and Methods The effect of ethanolic extract of N. nucifera seed (EENNS) was studied on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in albino Wistar rats for 11 days. Disease pathogenesis was assessed by evaluation of disease activity index (DAI) including the following parameters: change in body weight, stool constituency, rectal bleeding in animals. Estimation of myeloperoxide (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), and antioxidant parameters like malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase level was performed in colon homogenate of animals. TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor- α) level was measured in colon homogenate using rat TNF-α ELISA kit.
Statistical Analysis Significant differences (mean ± standard error of the mean) were detected using one-way analysis of variance followed by post-test using Graphpad prism 7.0 for multiple comparisons.
Results EENNS (400 mg/kg) significantly improved the disease progression, body weight, and colon length of the animals as compared with the disease control group. Animal treated with EENNS (400 mg/kg) showed significantly improved colon mucosal damage index (1.66 ± 0.21) and DAI (11.66 ± 4.01) as compared with the disease control group. A higher level of SOD and catalase and a lower level of MDA were observed in animals treated with EENNS (400 mg/kg) as compared with the disease control group. Animals treated with EENNS (400 mg/kg) significantly decreased in NO and MPO levels as compared with the disease control group. A lower level of TNF-α (561.94 ± 14.84) was observed in EENNS (400 mg/kg)-treated animals as compared with the disease control group (736.92 ± 15.3). These observations were comparable to those of the standard control group. Histopathological data showed that EENNS (400 mg/kg) has shown reversal of tissue inflammation as compared with the disease group and evidence of less cell infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes with normal structures of goblet cell and crypts as compared with the disease group.
Conclusions EENNS (400 mg/kg) is endowed with severity of the ulcerative colitis produced by DSS. EENNS showed a protective effect against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis which may be due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jignesh I. Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, B. K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Monika Kumbhani
- Department of Pharmacology, B. K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Morvi M. Raval
- Department of Pharmacology, B. K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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Tafazoli V, Taherifard E, Nimrouzi M, Pasalar M. Therapeutic effect of Plantago major on active severe pancolitis: A case report. ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rahmaisyah D, Wasityastuti W, Astarini FD, Widasari DI. Protective effects of yacon syrup powder on colonic interleukin-23 and leukocyte infiltration profile in TNBS-induced colitis mouse model. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-211506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) causes gastrointestinal tract dysregulation and triggers inflammation. Severe inflammatory events often lead to leukocyte infiltration. Yacon is known to have anti-inflammatory properties, making it a potential alternative treatment for colitis. AIMS: To investigate colonic Interleukin-23 (IL-23) level and leukocyte infiltration profile in 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid (TNBS)-induced colitis mouse model treated with yacon syrup powder. METHODS: Thirty male BALB/c mice (5 weeks old, body weight: 30.02±1.28 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups (K1-K6). Intra-rectal administration of TNBS was performed to K2-K6 to make the colitis model. K4-K6 were given yacon syrup powder daily for 14 days with the dose of 0.165, 0.331, and 0.662 g/30 g body weight (BW) respectively. IL-23 levels of colonic tissue were measured using ELISA. Leukocyte infiltration profile was calculated through microscopic observation of histology slides and presented in percentage and degree. RESULTS: Significantly different IL-23 levels were observed among the groups (P < 0.001). The percentage and degree of leukocyte infiltration in yacon-treated groups showed a significant decrease compared to colitis groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Yacon syrup powder provides beneficial effects on colitis mice by lowering the IL-23 level and number of leukocytes at the inflammation site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwi Rahmaisyah
- Master in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, UniversitasGadjah Mada, North Sekip, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Widya Wasityastuti
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, North Sekip, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Fajar Dwi Astarini
- Master in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, UniversitasGadjah Mada, North Sekip, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dewiyani Indah Widasari
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, UniversitasGadjah Mada, North Sekip, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Dr.Sardjito Hospital, Sekip, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Deng L, Guo H, Wang S, Liu X, Lin Y, Zhang R, Tan W. The Attenuation of Chronic Ulcerative Colitis by (R)-salbutamol in Repeated DSS-Induced Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9318721. [PMID: 35178163 PMCID: PMC8843997 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9318721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Racemic salbutamol ((RS)-sal), which consist of the same amount of (R)-sal and (S)-sal, has been used for asthma and COPD due to its bronchodilation effect. However, the effect of (R)-sal on repeated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis has not yet been investigated. In this study evaluated the potential effect of (R)-, (S)-, and (RS)-sal in mice with repeated DSS-induced chronic colitis and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Here, we verified that chronic colitis was significantly attenuated by (R)-sal, which was evidenced by notably mitigated body weight loss, disease activity index (DAI), splenomegaly, colonic lengths shortening, and histopathological scores. (R)-sal treatment noticeably diminished the levels of inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ). Notably, the efficacy of (R)-sal was better than that of (RS)-sal. Further research revealed that (R)-sal mitigated colonic CD4 leukocyte infiltration, decreased NF-κB signaling pathway activation, improved the Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway, and increased the expression of ZO-1 and occludin. In addition, (R)-sal suppressed the levels of TGF-β1, α-SMA, and collagen in mice with chronic colitis. Furthermore, the 16S rDNA sequences analyzed of the intestinal microbiome revealed that (R)-sal could mitigate the intestinal microbiome structure and made it more similar to the control group, which mainly by relieving the relative abundance of pathogens (such as Bacteroides) and increasing the relative abundance of probiotics (such as Akkermansia). Therefore, (R)-sal ameliorates repeated DSS-induced chronic colitis in mice by improving inflammation, suppressing oxidative stress, mitigating intestinal barrier function, relieving intestinal fibrosis, and regulating the intestinal microbiome community. These results indicate that (R)-sal maybe a novel treatment alternative for chronic colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjun Deng
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, China
| | - Haihua Guo
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, China
| | - Shanping Wang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Lin
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Tan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- Post-Doctoral Innovation Base, Jinan University Affiliation, Yuanzhi Health Technology Co., Ltd., Hengqin New District, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
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Pascoal LB, Palma BB, Chaim FHM, de Castro MM, Damázio TA, Franceschini APMDF, Milanski M, Velloso LA, Leal RF. New translational and experimental insights into the role of pro-resolving lipid mediators in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Exp Med 2022; 12:1-15. [PMID: 35096550 PMCID: PMC8771592 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v12.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation is an active process, guided by specialized pro-resolution lipid mediators (SPMs). These mediators originate from polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as omega-3. Sufficient evidence suggests that the beneficial effects attributed to omega-3 are, at least in part, the result of the immunomodulatory action of the SPMs, which act systemically by overcoming inflammation and repairing tissue damage, without suppressing the immune response. Recent studies suggest that an imbalance in the synthesis and/or activity of these compounds may be associated with the pathogenesis of several inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Thus, this review highlights the advances made in recent years with regard to the endo-genous synthesis and the biological role of lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins, as well as their precursors, in the regulation of inflammation; and provides an update on the participation of these mediators in the development and evolution of IBD and the therapeutic approaches that these immunomodulating substances are involved in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Bitencourt Pascoal
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Biazon Palma
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Henrique Mendonça Chaim
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Moreira de Castro
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Andrade Damázio
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Menezes de Freitas Franceschini
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lício Augusto Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Franco Leal
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hu Y, Ye Z, Wu M, She Y, Li L, Xu Y, Qin K, Hu Z, Yang M, Lu F, Ye Q. The Communication Between Intestinal Microbiota and Ulcerative Colitis: An Exploration of Pathogenesis, Animal Models, and Potential Therapeutic Strategies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:766126. [PMID: 34966755 PMCID: PMC8710685 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.766126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. The prolonged course of UC and the lack of effective treatment management make it difficult to cure, affecting the health and life safety of patients. Although UC has received more attention, the etiology and pathogenesis of UC are still unclear. Therefore, it is urgent to establish an updated and comprehensive understanding of UC and explore effective treatment strategies. Notably, sufficient evidence shows that the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UC, and the treating method aimed at improving the balance of the intestinal microbiota exhibits a therapeutic potential for UC. This article reviews the relationship between the genetic, immunological and microbial risk factors with UC. At the same time, the UC animal models related to intestinal microbiota dysbiosis induced by chemical drugs were evaluated. Finally, the potential value of the therapeutic strategies for restoring intestinal microbial homeostasis and treating UC were also investigated. Comprehensively, this study may help to carry out preclinical research, treatment theory and methods, and health management strategy of UC, and provide some theoretical basis for TCM in the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingquan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingqi She
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Linzhen Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujie Xu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaihua Qin
- Health Preservation and Rehabilitation College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhipeng Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Maoyi Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fating Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaobo Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Heidari Z, Daei M, Boozari M, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Curcumin supplementation in pediatric patients: A systematic review of current clinical evidence. Phytother Res 2021; 36:1442-1458. [PMID: 34904764 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review was designed to determine the clinical efficacy and safety of curcumin supplementation for pediatric patients based on clinical trials in children. We systematically searched electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus for all studies that investigated curcumin administration in the pediatric population without any time frame limitation. Finally, we identified 16 studies for this review. Clinical efficacy and safety of curcumin were assessed in children with inflammatory and immune disorders (including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)), metabolic disorders, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), cystic fibrosis (CF), tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and infectious diseases. Curcumin was administered in a wide range of doses (45 mg-4,000 mg daily) and durations (2-48 weeks). Overall, curcumin was well tolerated in all studies and improved the severity of inflammatory and immune disorders and metabolic diseases. However, more studies are needed to clarify the role of curcumin supplementation among children with ADPKD, CF, TOF, and infectious diseases. Because of substantial heterogeneity in methodological quality, design, outcomes, dose, duration of intake, formulations, and study populations across studies, no quantitative analysis was performed. Additional large-scale, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to confirm the results of the conducted studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinat Heidari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Daei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Alborz, Iran
| | - Motahareh Boozari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Danese S, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Selective Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibition for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: New Hope on the Rise. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:2023-2030. [PMID: 34089259 PMCID: PMC8599029 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Conventional systemic and biologic agents are the mainstay of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management; however, many of these agents are associated with loss of clinical response, highlighting the need for effective, novel targeted therapies. Janus kinase (JAK) 1-3 and tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) mediate signal transduction events downstream of multiple cytokine receptors that regulate targeted gene transcription, including the interleukin-12, interleukin-23, and type I interferon receptors for TYK2. This review summarizes the role of TYK2 signaling in IBD pathogenesis, the differential selectivity of TYK2 inhibitors, and the potential clinical implications of TYK2 inhibition in IBD. A PubMed literature review was conducted to identify studies of JAK1-3 and TYK2 inhibitors in IBD and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Key efficacy and safety information was extracted and summarized. Pan-JAK inhibitors provide inconsistent efficacy in patients with IBD and are associated with toxicities resulting from a lack of selectivity at therapeutic dosages. Selective inhibition of TYK2 signaling via an allosteric mechanism, with an agent that binds to the regulatory (pseudokinase) domain, may reduce potential toxicities typically associated with JAK1-3 inhibitors. Deucravacitinib, a novel, oral, selective TYK2 inhibitor, and brepocitinib and PF-06826647, TYK2 inhibitors that bind to the active site in the catalytic domain, are in development for IBD and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Allosteric TYK2 inhibition is more selective than JAK1-3 inhibition and has the potential to limit toxicities typically associated with JAK1-3 inhibitors. Future studies will be important in establishing the role of selective, allosteric TYK2 inhibition in the management of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Danese
- Humanitas University and IBD Center, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Milan, Italy
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, Lorraine University, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Geng Y, Yue Y, Guan Q, Ren Y, Guo L, Fan Y, Lu ZM, Shi JS, Xu ZH. Cereal Vinegar Sediment Alleviates Spontaneous Ulcerative Colitis in Il-10 Deficient Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001227. [PMID: 34699119 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Cereal vinegar sediment (CVS) is precipitation generated during the preservation of vinegar. It has various functions such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic. This study evaluates the effects of CVS on spontaneous colitis in Il-10-/- mice. METHODS AND RESULTS CVS (1 g kg-1 body weight) is administered to mice for 42 days. CVS alleviated epithelium damage, inhibited myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, decreased gene expression of tumor necrosis factor (Tnf )-a, inducible nitric oxide synthase (Inos), Interleukin(Il-23) in colon tissues is found. CVS also inhibited secretion of IL-2, IL-6, IL-13, Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF), Interferon (IFN)-γ, and Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Presumably Secreted (RANTES) in serum. While CVS enhanced Regenerating Family Member 3 Gamma (Reg3γ), Mucin (Muc2, Muc3, and Muc4 gene expression, promoted intestinal epithelial cells to secrete Muc-2, and increased the content of acetic acid in intestinal tract of Il-10-/- mice. Additionally, CVS altered the composition of the gut microbiota by promoting the abundance of Akkermansia, Alistipes, and Lactobacillus, while inhibiting Desulfovibrio and Clostridium sensu stricto 1. These changes may be related to the regulation of steroid, fatty acids, and bile acid biosynthesis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that CVS ameliorates spontaneous ulcerative colitis in Il-10-/- mice, which suggests CVS supplementation may serve as a protective dietary nutrient against colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Geng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjia Yue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Qijie Guan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Products Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Lin Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Products Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Ming Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Products Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Products Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
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65
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Abstract
Bitter taste-sensing type 2 receptors (TAS2Rs or T2Rs), belonging to the subgroup of family A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), are of crucial importance in the perception of bitterness. Although in the first instance, TAS2Rs were considered to be exclusively distributed in the apical microvilli of taste bud cells, numerous studies have detected these sensory receptor proteins in several extra-oral tissues, such as in pancreatic or ovarian tissues, as well as in their corresponding malignancies. Critical points of extra-oral TAS2Rs biology, such as their structure, roles, signaling transduction pathways, extensive mutational polymorphism, and molecular evolution, have been currently broadly studied. The TAS2R cascade, for instance, has been recently considered to be a pivotal modulator of a number of (patho)physiological processes, including adipogenesis or carcinogenesis. The latest advances in taste receptor biology further raise the possibility of utilizing TAS2Rs as a therapeutic target or as an informative index to predict treatment responses in various disorders. Thus, the focus of this review is to provide an update on the expression and molecular basis of TAS2Rs functions in distinct extra-oral tissues in health and disease. We shall also discuss the therapeutic potential of novel TAS2Rs targets, which are appealing due to their ligand selectivity, expression pattern, or pharmacological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Tuzim
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Korolczuk
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
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Kameli N, Becker HEF, Welbers T, Jonkers DMAE, Penders J, Savelkoul P, Stassen FR. Metagenomic Profiling of Fecal-Derived Bacterial Membrane Vesicles in Crohn's Disease Patients. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102795. [PMID: 34685776 PMCID: PMC8535131 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past, many studies suggested a crucial role for dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in the etiology of Crohn's disease (CD). However, despite being important players in host-bacteria interaction, the role of bacterial membrane vesicles (MV) has been largely overlooked in the pathogenesis of CD. In this study, we addressed the composition of the bacterial and MV composition in fecal samples of CD patients and compared this to the composition in healthy individuals. METHODS Fecal samples from six healthy subjects (HC) in addition to twelve CD patients (six active, six remission) were analyzed in this study. Fecal bacterial membrane vesicles (fMVs) were isolated by a combination of ultrafiltration and size exclusion chromatography. DNA was obtained from the fMV fraction, the pellet of dissolved feces as bacterial DNA (bDNA), or directly from feces as fecal DNA (fDNA). The fMVs were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis and cryo-electron microscopy. Amplicon sequencing of 16s rRNA V4 hypervariable gene regions was conducted to assess microbial composition of all fractions. RESULTS Beta-diversity analysis showed that the microbial community structure of the fMVs was significantly different from the microbial profiles of the fDNA and bDNA. However, no differences were observed in microbial composition between fDNA and bDNA. The microbial richness of fMVs was significantly decreased in CD patients compared to HC, and even lower in active patients. Profiling of fDNA and bDNA demonstrated that Firmicutes was the most dominant phylum in these fractions, while in fMVs Bacteroidetes was dominant. In fMV, several families and genera belonging to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were significantly altered in CD patients when compared to HC. CONCLUSION The microbial alterations of MVs in CD patients particularly in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria suggest a possible role of MVs in host-microbe symbiosis and induction or progression of inflammation in CD pathogenesis. Yet, the exact role for these fMV in the pathogenesis of the disease needs to be elucidated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Kameli
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (H.E.F.B.); (T.W.); (J.P.); (P.S.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (F.R.S.)
| | - Heike E. F. Becker
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (H.E.F.B.); (T.W.); (J.P.); (P.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, NUTRIM school of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Tessa Welbers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (H.E.F.B.); (T.W.); (J.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Daisy M. A. E. Jonkers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, NUTRIM school of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - John Penders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (H.E.F.B.); (T.W.); (J.P.); (P.S.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Caphri School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Savelkoul
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (H.E.F.B.); (T.W.); (J.P.); (P.S.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank R. Stassen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (H.E.F.B.); (T.W.); (J.P.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (F.R.S.)
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Ghoreschi K, Augustin M, Baraliakos X, Krönke G, Schneider M, Schreiber S, Schulze-Koops H, Zeißig S, Thaçi D. TYK2‐Inhibition: Potenzial bei der Behandlung chronisch‐entzündlicher Immunerkrankungen. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:1409-1420. [PMID: 34661350 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14585_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Ghoreschi
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Matthias Augustin
- Institut für Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie und bei Pflegeberufen, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg
| | | | - Gerhard Krönke
- Medizinische Klinik 3 (Rheumatologie und Immunologie), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Poliklinik und Funktionsbereich für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institut für Klinische Molekularbiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
| | - Hendrik Schulze-Koops
- Fachbereich für Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Universität München
| | - Sebastian Zeißig
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I - Universitätsklinikum Dresden und Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD)
| | - Diamant Thaçi
- Institut für Entzündungsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig- Holstein, Campus Lübeck
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Ghoreschi K, Augustin M, Baraliakos X, Krönke G, Schneider M, Schreiber S, Schulze-Koops H, Zeißig S, Thaçi D. TYK2 inhibition and its potential in the treatment of chronic inflammatory immune diseases. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:1409-1420. [PMID: 34580985 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immune-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases have emerged as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries over the last decades. Although multiple putative factors have been suspected to be causally related to the diseases, their overarching etiology remains unknown. This review article summarizes the current state of scientific knowledge and understanding of the role of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, with a special focus on the Janus kinase TYK2 in autoimmune and immune mediated diseases as well as on the clinical properties of its inhibition. A panel of experts in the field discussed the scientific evidence and molecular rationale for TYK2 inhibition and its clinical application. Reviewing this meeting, we aim at providing an integrated overview of the clinical profile of TYK2 inhibition and its potential in targeted pharmacological therapy of chronic autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases, with a special focus on inflammatory diseases of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Augustin
- Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xenofon Baraliakos
- Center for Rheumatology, Katholische Kliniken Rhein-Ruhr, Herne, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Clinic for Inner Medicine 3 (Rheumatology and Immunology), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Polyclinic and Functional Area for Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hendrik Schulze-Koops
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine IV, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zeißig
- Medical Clinic I - University Hospital Dresden and Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Diamant Thaçi
- Institute for Inflammatory Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Vu V, Muthuramalingam K, Singh V, Hyun C, Kim YM, Unno T, Cho M. Effects of β-glucan, probiotics, and synbiotics on obesity-associated colitis and hepatic manifestations in C57BL/6J mice. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:793-807. [PMID: 34561722 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02668-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Probiotics and prebiotics are commonly used to improve the gut microbiota. Since prebiotics can support the growth of probiotics, co-administration of these is called synbiotics. It has been demonstrated that obesity-induced gut dysbiosis can worsen inflammatory bowel disease symptoms. This study evaluated how modulation of gut microbiota with Schizophyllum commune-derived β-glucan (BG), probiotics (PRO), and synbiotics containing both BG and PRO (SYN) could improve the symptoms of obesity-associated colitis and hepatic manifestation. METHODS Mice were fed a normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD with different additives (BG, PRO, and SYN) for 12 weeks, followed by 5 days of colitis induction. Mice were sacrificed before and after colitis induction. During the experiment, body weight, food and water consumption, and rectal bleeding were monitored. Proteins from the colon were subjected to western blotting, and serum biomarkers such as alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, and total cholesterol were analyzed. Colon and liver samples were sectioned for histological analysis. The fecal microbiota was analyzed based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences. RESULTS Although BG and PRO secured intestinal tight junctions, these two treatments did not modulate inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory markers (i.e., IL-6 and TNF-α). In contrast, SYN demonstrated stronger and broader effects in reducing colonic inflammation. While BG treatment increased the abundance of indigenous Lactobacillus, PRO treatment decreased bacterial diversity by suppressing the growth of several species of bacteria. SYN treatment groups, however, supported the growth of both indigenous and supplemented bacteria while maintaining bacterial diversity. CONCLUSION Obesity-associated colitis can be improved by modulating gut bacteria with β-glucan and probiotics. The co-administration of both outperformed β-glucan and probiotic treatment alone by fostering both indigenous and supplemented probiotic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuong Vu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63241, Republic of Korea
| | - Karthika Muthuramalingam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Vineet Singh
- Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Changlim Hyun
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, South Korea
| | - Young Mee Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Tatsuya Unno
- Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea. .,Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Moonjae Cho
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63241, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea. .,Institute of Medical Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63241, Republic of Korea.
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70
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Kangwan N, Pintha K, Khanaree C, Kongkarnka S, Chewonarin T, Suttajit M. Anti-inflammatory effect of Perilla frutescens seed oil rich in omega-3 fatty acid on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. Res Pharm Sci 2021; 16:464-473. [PMID: 34522194 PMCID: PMC8407152 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.323913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that involves diffused inflammation of the large intestine. Omega-3 fatty acid (FA) has been known to regulate the inflammatory response associated with ulcerative colitis pathogenesis. Perilla frutescens is a valuable source of omega-3 FA and α-linolenic acid (ALA) contained in its seed oil. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Perilla seed oil (PSO) on colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in a mouse model. Experimental approach PSO was extracted using a cold-pressed extractor and FA composition of PSO was analyzed by GC-MS. Acute colitis in mice was induced with 3% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. Some mice were treated with PSO (20, 100, 200 mg/kg BW) for 3 weeks before the DSS administration. Sulfasalazine was used as a positive control. The clinical features, histopathologic, serum, and gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the colon were assessed. Finding/Results PSO contained the highest proportion of ALA (61.51%). Furthermore, PSO pretreatment evidently reduced body weight loss, diminished diarrhea, gross bleeding, and DSS-induced colon shortening. PSO pretreatment attenuated histopathological changes in response to DSS-induced colitis. PSO pretreatment also markedly decreased inflammatory response in serum and the colon tissue of DSS-induced mice. Conclusion and implication ALA in PSO is suggested to be mainly responsible for the reduction of DSS-induced colitis through suppressing inflammatory markers. PSO could be further developed as a functional health supplement, which would be beneficial for anti-inflammation in the colonic mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napapan Kangwan
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Komsak Pintha
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Chakkrit Khanaree
- School of Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Kongkarnka
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Teera Chewonarin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Maitree Suttajit
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
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Hundhausen C, Schneckmann R, Ostendorf Y, Rimpler J, von Glinski A, Kohlmorgen C, Pasch N, Rolauer L, von Ameln F, Eckermann O, Altschmied J, Ale-Agha N, Haendeler J, Flögel U, Fischer JW, Grandoch M. Endothelial hyaluronan synthase 3 aggravates acute colitis in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease. Matrix Biol 2021; 102:20-36. [PMID: 34464693 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The association between hyaluronan (HA) accumulation and increased inflammation in the colon suggests that HA is a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, whether patients with IBD would benefit from interference with HA synthesis is unknown. Here, we used pharmacological and genetic approaches to investigate the impact of systemic and partial blockade of HA synthesis in the Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model. To systemically inhibit HA production, we used 4-Methylumbelliferone (4-MU), whereas genetic approaches included the generation of mice with global or inducible cell-type specific deficiency in the Hyaluronan synthase 3 (Has3). We found that 4-MU treatment did not ameliorate but exacerbated disease severity characterized by increased body weight loss and enhanced colon tissue destruction compared to control mice without colitis. In contrast, global Has3 deficiency had a profound protective effect as reflected by a low colitis score and reduced infiltration of immune cells into the colon. To get further mechanistic insight into the proinflammatory role of HAS3, we deleted Has3 in a cell-type specific manner. Interestingly, while lack of Has3 expression in intestinal epithelial and smooth muscle cells had no effect or was rather proinflammatory, mice with Has3 deficiency in the endothelium were strongly protected against acute colitis. We conclude that endothelium-derived HAS3 plays a critical role in driving experimental colitis, warranting future studies on cell type-specific therapeutic interference with HA production in human IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hundhausen
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebekka Schneckmann
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yanina Ostendorf
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Rimpler
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anette von Glinski
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Kohlmorgen
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Pasch
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Luca Rolauer
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Florian von Ameln
- Environmentally-induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Clinics and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf and IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Olaf Eckermann
- Environmentally-induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Clinics and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf and IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Altschmied
- Environmentally-induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Clinics and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf and IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niloofar Ale-Agha
- Environmentally-induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Clinics and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Environmentally-induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Clinics and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Institute for Molecular Cardiology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Kostoff RN, Briggs MB, Kanduc D, Shores DR, Kovatsi L, Vardavas AI, Porter AL. Common contributing factors to COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel disease. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1616-1637. [PMID: 34485092 PMCID: PMC8406546 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The devastating complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) result from an individual's dysfunctional immune response following the initial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Multiple toxic stressors and behaviors contribute to underlying immune system dysfunction. SARS-CoV-2 exploits the dysfunctional immune system to trigger a chain of events ultimately leading to COVID-19. We have previously identified many contributing factors (CFs) (representing toxic exposure, lifestyle factors and psychosocial stressors) common to myriad chronic diseases. We hypothesized significant overlap between CFs associated with COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), because of the strong role immune dysfunction plays in each disease. A streamlined dot-product approach was used to identify potential CFs to COVID-19 and IBD. Of the fifty CFs to COVID-19 that were validated for demonstration purposes, approximately half had direct impact on COVID-19 (the CF and COVID-19 were mentioned in the same record; i.e., CF---→COVID-19), and the other half had indirect impact. The nascent character of the COVID-19 core literature (∼ one year old) did not allow sufficient time for the direct impacts of many CFs on COVID-19 to be identified. Therefore, an immune system dysfunction (ID) literature directly related to the COVID-19 core literature was used to augment the COVID-19 core literature and provide the remaining CFs that impacted COVID-19 indirectly (i.e., CF---→immune system dysfunction---→COVID-19). Approximately 13000 potential CFs for myriad diseases (obtained from government and university toxic substance lists) served as the starting point for the dot-product identification process. These phrases were intersected (dot-product) with phrases extracted from a PubMed-derived IBD core literature, a nascent COVID-19 core literature, and the COVID-19-related immune system dysfunction (ID) core literature to identify common ID/COVID-19 and IBD CFs. Approximately 3000 potential CFs common to both ID and IBD, almost 2300 potential CFs common to ID and COVID-19, and over 1900 potential CFs common to IBD and COVID-19 were identified. As proof of concept, we validated fifty of these ∼3000 overlapping ID/IBD candidate CFs with biologic plausibility. We further validated 24 of the fifty as common CFs in the IBD and nascent COVID-19 core literatures. This significant finding demonstrated that the CFs indirectly related to COVID-19 -- identified with use of the immune system dysfunction literature -- are strong candidates to emerge eventually as CFs directly related to COVID-19. As discussed in the main text, many more CFs common to all these core literatures could be identified and validated. ID and IBD share many common risk/contributing factors, including behaviors and toxic exposures that impair immune function. A key component to immune system health is removal of those factors that contribute to immune system dysfunction in the first place. This requires a paradigm shift from traditional Western medicine, which often focuses on treatment, rather than prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Neil Kostoff
- School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Gainesville, VA, 20155, United States
| | | | - Darja Kanduc
- Dept. of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Darla Roye Shores
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Alexander I. Vardavas
- Laboratory of Toxicology & Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Alan L. Porter
- R&D, Search Technology, Inc., Peachtree Corners, GA, 30092, United States
- School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States
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Uwagbale E, Adeniran OG, Adeniran OA, Onukogu I, Agbroko S, Sonpal N. In-Hospital Outcomes of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. Cureus 2021; 13:e16566. [PMID: 34430168 PMCID: PMC8380051 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasingly common among patients with other comorbid chronic conditions, particularly diabetes mellitus (DM). Yet, studies that explored the impact of comorbid diabetes on the outcomes of IBD are scanty. Therefore, this study aims to examine the outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease among hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sampling (NIS) database from 2016 to 2018, we identified patients' records with a diagnosis of IBD using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes (ICD-10). The overall study population was further stratified by diabetes mellitus status. We matched patients with IBD and diabetes mellitus (IBD DM) with IBD cohorts using a greedy propensity score matching (PSM) ratio of 1:1 and compared in-hospital outcomes between the two cohorts. Conditional logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds of outcomes. Results Out of the 192,456 hospitalizations for IBD, 34,073 (7.7%) had comorbid IBD DM and 158,383 (92.3%) had no diabetes mellitus (IBD only). Patients with IBD DM are likely to be older. They have higher rates of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, obesity, peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, chronic lung disease, chronic liver disease, and stroke than the IBD cohort. After propensity score matching, IBD DM was associated with a lower adverse outcome [odds ratio (OR): 0.96, confidence interval (CI): 0.93 - 0.99, p < 0.01], IBD-related complications (intestinal or rectal fistula, intra-abdominal abscess, toxic colitis, intestinal perforation, intestinal obstruction, toxic megacolon, abscess of the abdomen, and perianal abscess), (OR: 0.76, CI: 0.72 - 0.80, P <0.01), IBD-related surgery (intestinal resections, incision, and excisions of intestine and manipulations of the rectosigmoid, rectal and perianal) (OR: 0.90, CI: 0.85 - 0.95, P <0.01). Furthermore, IBD DM was associated with a higher sepsis complication than the IBD-only cohort (OR: 1.24, CI: 1.19 - 1.30, P <0.01). Conclusion Our results highlight the extent to which diabetes mellitus impacts IBD outcomes and prognosis. Additionally, they emphasize the clinical awareness needed in the management of those with comorbid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ese Uwagbale
- Internal Medicine, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Omolara G Adeniran
- Internal Medicine, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Olayemi A Adeniran
- Epidemiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA.,Internal Medicine, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | | | - Solomon Agbroko
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Niket Sonpal
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
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Bromke MA, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Bile Acid Signaling in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9096. [PMID: 34445800 PMCID: PMC8396648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic, idiopathic and complex condition, which most often manifests itself in the form of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. Both forms are associated with dysregulation of the mucosal immune system, compromised intestinal epithelial barrier, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiome. It has been observed for a long time that bile acids are involved in inflammatory disorders, and recent studies show their significant physiological role, reaching far beyond being emulsifiers helping in digestion of lipids. Bile acids are also signaling molecules, which act, among other things, on lipid metabolism and immune responses, through several nuclear and membrane receptors in hepatocytes, enterocytes and cells of the immune system. Gut microbiota homeostasis also seems to be affected, directly and indirectly, by bile acid metabolism and signaling. This review summarizes recent advances in the field of bile acid signaling, studies of inflamed gut microbiome, and the therapeutic potential of bile acids in the context of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz A. Bromke
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland;
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Colonic Epithelial PHLPP2 Deficiency Promotes Colonic Epithelial Pyroptosis by Activating the NF- κB Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5570731. [PMID: 34394827 PMCID: PMC8363454 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5570731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. Barrier defect in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is one of the main pathogeneses in UC. Pyroptosis is a programmed lytic cell death and is triggered by inflammatory caspases, while little is known about its role in UC. Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by comparing UC patients with healthy controls from the GEO datasets. The candidate genes involved in pyroptosis were obtained, and the underlying molecular mechanism in the progression of UC was explored in vivo and in vitro. Results Pleckstrin homology domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 (PHLPP2), a protein phosphatase, was downregulated and involved in regulating inflammation-induced IEC pyroptosis by modulating the NF-κB signaling in UC through bioinformatics analysis. Moreover, we demonstrated that PHLPP2 was downregulated in UC patients and UC mice. Besides, we found that PHLPP2 depletion activated the NF-κB signaling and increased the expressions of caspase-1 P20, Gasdermin N, IL-18, and IL-1β contributing to IEC pyroptosis and inflammation in UC mice. Furthermore, we found that PHLPP2−/− mice developed hypersensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment toward colitis showing activated NF-κB signaling and dramatically induced expressions of caspase-1 P20, Gasdermin N, IL-18, and IL-1β. Mechanically, this inflammation-induced downregulation of PHLPP2 was alleviated by an NF-κB signaling inhibitor in intestinal organoids of PHLPP2−/− mice and fetal colonic cells. Conclusions PHLPP2 downexpression activated the NF-κB signaling and promoted the IEC pyroptosis, leading to UC progression. Therefore, PHLPP2 might be an attractive candidate therapeutic target for UC.
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Park MY, Yoon YS, Lee JL, Park SH, Ye BD, Yang SK, Yu CS. Comparative perianal fistula closure rates following autologous adipose tissue-derived stem cell transplantation or treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor agents after seton placement in patients with Crohn's disease: a retrospective observational study. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:401. [PMID: 34256838 PMCID: PMC8278611 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02484-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perianal fistula is one of the most common complications in Crohn’s disease, and various medical and surgical treatments are being tried. The aim of this study was to compare the perianal fistula closure rates following treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents or autologous adipose tissue-derived stem cell (auto-ASC) transplantation with Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods CD patients who underwent seton placement for perianal fistula from January 2015 to December 2019 at a tertiary referral center were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups, one that received sequential treatments with anti-TNF agents (anti-TNF group) and the other that underwent auto-ASC transplantation (stem cell group). Clinical variables and fistula closure rates were compared in the two groups. Results Of the 69 patients analyzed, 39 were treated with anti-TNF agents and 30 underwent auto-ASC transplantation. Compared with the stem cell group, patients in the anti-TNF group were older (p=0.028), were more frequently male (p=0.019), had fistulas with more penetrating behavior (p=0.002), had undergone surgery more frequently (p=0.010), and had a shorter interval from seton placement to intended treatment (p<0.001). During a median follow-up of 46 months (range, 30–52.5 months), fistula closure rates were significantly faster (83.3% vs. 23.1%, p<0.001), and the mean interval from seton placement to fistula closure significantly shorter (14 vs. 37 months, p<0.001) in the stem cell than in the anti-TNF group. Three patients experienced fistula recurrence, all in the stem cell group. Conclusions Medical treatment using anti-TNF agents and auto-ASC transplantation are feasible treatment options after seton placement for Crohn’s perianal fistula. However, the closure rate was significantly faster and the time to closure significantly shorter in patients who underwent auto-ASC transplantation than medical treatment. Trial registration This study was retrospectively registered and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Asan Medical Center, number 2020-1059.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Park
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Yoon
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Lyul Lee
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyoung Park
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong Duk Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sik Yu
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
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Krueger JG, McInnes IB, Blauvelt A. Tyrosine kinase 2 and Janus kinase‒signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling and inhibition in plaque psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 86:148-157. [PMID: 34224773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.06.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Plaque psoriasis is a common, chronic, systemic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease. The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway plays a major role in intracellular cytokine signaling in inflammatory processes involved in psoriasis. Although Janus kinase (JAK) 1-3 inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, safety concerns persist and no JAK inhibitor has received regulatory approval to treat psoriasis. Thus, an opportunity exists for novel oral therapies that are safe and efficacious in psoriasis. Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) is a member of the JAK family of kinases and regulates signaling and functional responses downstream of the interleukin 12, interleukin 23, and type I interferon receptors. Deucravacitinib, which is an oral, selective inhibitor that binds to the regulatory domain of TYK2, and brepocitinib (PF-06700841) and PF-06826647, which are topical and oral TYK2 inhibitors, respectively, that bind to the active (adenosine triphosphate-binding) site in the catalytic domain, are in development for psoriasis. Selective, allosteric inhibition of TYK2 signaling may reduce the potential for toxicities associated with pan-JAK inhibitors. This article reviews Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription and TYK2 signaling and the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors in psoriasis to date, focusing specifically on TYK2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Krueger
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Iain B McInnes
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
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Ganesan K, Quiles JL, Daglia M, Xiao J, Xu B. Dietary phytochemicals modulate intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and autoimmune diseases. FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Food Science and Technology Program BNU–HKBU United International College Zhuhai China
- The School of Chinese Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - José L. Quiles
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú,” Department of Physiology Biomedical Research Center University of Granada Granada Spain
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology University of Vigo Vigo Pontevedra E‐36310 Spain
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program BNU–HKBU United International College Zhuhai China
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Ma C, Sedano R, Almradi A, Vande Casteele N, Parker CE, Guizzetti L, Schaeffer DF, Riddell RH, Pai RK, Battat R, Sands BE, Rosty C, Dubinsky MC, Rieder F, Harpaz N, Abreu MT, Bryant RV, Lauwers GY, Kirsch R, Valasek MA, Crowley E, Sandborn WJ, Feagan BG, Pai RK, Jairath V. An International Consensus to Standardize Integration of Histopathology in Ulcerative Colitis Clinical Trials. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:2291-2302. [PMID: 33610533 PMCID: PMC8851891 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Histopathology is an emerging treatment target in ulcerative colitis (UC) clinical trials. Our aim was to provide guidance on standardizing biopsy collection protocols, identifying optimal evaluative indices, and defining thresholds for histologic response and remission after treatment. METHODS An international, interdisciplinary expert panel of 19 gastroenterologists and gastrointestinal pathologists was assembled. A modified RAND/University of California, Los Angeles appropriateness methodology was used to address relevant issues. A total of 138 statements were derived from a systematic review of the literature and expert opinion. Each statement was anonymously rated as appropriate, uncertain, or inappropriate using a 9-point scale. Survey results were reviewed and discussed before a second round of voting. RESULTS Histologic measurements collected using a uniform biopsy strategy are important for assessing disease activity and determining therapeutic efficacy in UC clinical trials. Multiple biopsy strategies were deemed acceptable, including segmental biopsies collected according to the endoscopic appearance. Biopsies should be scored for architectural change, lamina propria chronic inflammation, basal plasmacytosis, lamina propria and epithelial neutrophils, epithelial damage, and erosions/ulcerations. The Geboes score, Robarts Histopathology Index, and Nancy Index were considered appropriate for assessing histologic activity; use of the modified Riley score and Harpaz Index were uncertain. Histologic activity at baseline should be required for enrollment, recognizing this carries operational implications. Achievement of histologic improvement or remission was considered an appropriate and realistic therapeutic target. Current histologic indices require validation for pediatric populations. CONCLUSIONS These recommendations provide a framework for standardized implementation of histopathology in UC trials. Additional work is required to address operational considerations and areas of uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alimentiv Inc (formerly Robarts Clinical Trials, Inc), London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Rocio Sedano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed Almradi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Niels Vande Casteele
- Alimentiv Inc. (formerly Robarts Clinical Trials, Inc.), London, Ontario, Canada,Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Claire E. Parker
- Alimentiv Inc. (formerly Robarts Clinical Trials, Inc.), London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leonardo Guizzetti
- Alimentiv Inc. (formerly Robarts Clinical Trials, Inc.), London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David F. Schaeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert H. Riddell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Reetesh K. Pai
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Robert Battat
- Jill Roberts Center for IBD, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Bruce E. Sands
- Department of Medicine, The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, United States
| | - Christophe Rosty
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia,Envoi Pathology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marla C. Dubinsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, United States
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Noam Harpaz
- Department of Medicine, The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, United States,Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Maria T. Abreu
- Crohn's and Colitis Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Robert V. Bryant
- IBD Service, Department of Gastroenterology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gregory Y. Lauwers
- DH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, and University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Richard Kirsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A. Valasek
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Eileen Crowley
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Western University, Children’s Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - William J. Sandborn
- Alimentiv Inc. (formerly Robarts Clinical Trials, Inc.), London, Ontario, Canada,Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Brian G. Feagan
- Alimentiv Inc. (formerly Robarts Clinical Trials, Inc.), London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rish K. Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States
| | - Vipul Jairath
- Alimentiv Inc. (formerly Robarts Clinical Trials, Inc.), London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Reelin levels in inflammatory bowel disease: A case-control study. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.855197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Comorbid Diabetes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Predicts Adverse Disease-Related Outcomes and Infectious Complications. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:2005-2013. [PMID: 32617771 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06439-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic systemic illnesses associated with chronic inflammation, dysbiosis, impaired immune function, and infection risk. The impact of DM in modifying disease activity in patients with IBD remains largely unknown. AIM To investigate the impact of DM on IBD-related disease outcomes, mortality, and infections in patients with IBD. METHODS We performed a longitudinal cohort analysis. Using a large institutional database, patients with concurrent IBD and DM (IBD-DM), and IBD without DM (IBD cohort), were identified and followed longitudinally to evaluate for primary (IBD-related) and secondary (mortality and infections) outcomes. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the independent effect of DM on each outcome, adjusting for confounding effects of covariates. RESULTS A total of 901 and 1584 patients were included in the IBD-DM and DM cohorts. Compared with IBD, IBD-DM had significantly higher risk of IBD-related hospitalization [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.97, 95% confidence interval (1.71-2.28)], disease flare [HR 2.05 (1.75-2.39)], and complication [HR 1.54 (1.29-1.85)]. No significant difference was observed in the incidence of IBD-related surgery. All-cause mortality, sepsis, Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and skin infection were also more frequent in the IBD-DM than the IBD cohort (all p ≤ 0.05). Subgroup analysis of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis patients showed similar associations, except with an additional risk of surgery and no association with CDI in the CD-DM cohort. CONCLUSION Comorbid diabetes in patients with IBD is a predictor of poor disease-related and infectious outcomes.
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Targeted 1H NMR metabolomics and immunological phenotyping of human fresh blood and serum samples discriminate between healthy individuals and inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with anti-TNF. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1251-1264. [PMID: 34021361 PMCID: PMC8367886 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease is a multifactorial etiology, associated with environmental factors that can trigger both debut and relapses. A high level of tumor necrosis factor-α in the gut is the main consequence of immune system imbalance. The aim of treatment is to restore gut homeostasis. In this study, fresh blood and serum samples were used to identify biomarkers and to discriminate between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients under remission treated with anti-TNF. Metabolomics based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) was used to detect unique biomarkers for each class of patients. Blood T lymphocyte repertories were characterized, as well as cytokine and transcription factor profiling, to complement the metabolomics data. Higher levels of homoserine-methionine and isobutyrate were identified as biomarkers of Crohn’s disease with ileocolic localization. For ulcerative colitis, lower levels of creatine-creatinine, proline, and tryptophan were found that reflect a deficit in the absorption of essential amino acids in the gut. T lymphocyte phenotyping and its functional profiling revealed that the overall inflammation was lower in Crohn’s disease patients than in those with ulcerative colitis. These results demonstrated that NMR metabolomics could be introduced as a high-throughput evaluation method in routine clinical practice to stratify both types of patients related to their pathology. Key messages NMR metabolomics is a non-invasive tool that could be implemented in the normal clinical practice for IBD to assess beneficial effect of the treatment. NMR metabolomics is a useful tool for precision medicine, in order to sew a specific treatment to a specific group of patients. Finding predictors of response to IFX would be desirable to select patients affected by IBD. Immunological status of inflammations correlates with NMR metabolomics biomarkers.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00109-021-02094-y.
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Verma P, Srivastava A, Srikanth CV, Bajaj A. Nanoparticle-mediated gene therapy strategies for mitigating inflammatory bowel disease. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1481-1502. [PMID: 33404019 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01359e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disorder of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) where Ulcerative Colitis (UC) displays localized inflammation in the colon, and Crohn's Disease (CD) affects the entire GIT. Failure of current therapies and associated side-effects bring forth serious social, economic, and health challenges. The gut epithelium provides the best target for gene therapy delivery vehicles to combat IBD. Gene therapy involving the use of nucleic acid (NA) therapeutics faces major challenges due to the hydrophilic, negative-charge, and degradable nature of NAs. Recent success in the engineering of biomaterials for gene therapy and their emergence in clinical trials for various diseases is an inspiration for scientists to develop gene therapy vehicles that can be easily targeted to the desired tissues for IBD. Advances in nanotechnology have enabled the formulations of numerous nanoparticles for NA delivery to mitigate IBD that still faces challenges of stability in the GIT, poor therapeutic efficacy, and targetability. This review presents the challenges of gene therapeutics, gastrointestinal barriers, and recent advances in the engineering of nanoparticles for IBD treatment along with future directions for successful translation of nanoparticle-mediated gene therapeutics in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Verma
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Aasheesh Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal-462030, India
| | - C V Srikanth
- Laboratory of Gut Inflammation and Infection Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad- Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.
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84
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Giang J, Lan X, Crichton M, Marx W, Marshall S. Efficacy and safety of biophenol-rich nutraceuticals in adults with inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases or irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Nutr Diet 2021; 79:76-93. [PMID: 33960587 PMCID: PMC9290971 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim Biophenol‐rich nutraceuticals may be an adjuvant treatment for Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of biophenol‐rich nutraceutical supplementation on CD, UC, SUDD, and IBS on gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS), quality of life (QoL), inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, and adverse events compared to usual care or placebo. Methods PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and CENTRAL were searched for randomised controlled trials until 27 April 2020. Outcomes were GIS, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, QoL, and adverse events. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and GRADE were used to appraise studies. Data were pooled using Revman. Results Twenty‐three trials in CD, UC, and IBS patients were included. Compared with placebo, biophenol‐rich nutraceuticals improved GIS (SMD: 0.43 [95%CI: 0.22, 0.63]; GRADE: very low) in UC, CD, and IBS participants. In UC and CD participants, biophenol‐rich nutraceuticals improved CRP by 1.6 mg/L [95%CI:0.08, 3.11; GRADE: low], malondialdehyde by 1 mmol/L [95%CI:0.55, 1.38; GRADE: low]; but only resveratrol improved QoL (SMD: −0.84 [95%CI: −1.24, −0.44; GRADE: high). Resveratrol (for UC and CD participants) and peppermint oil (for IBS participants) had greater certainty in the evidence for improving GIS and QoL (GRADE: moderate to high). There was no effect on adverse events (P > .05). Conclusions Biophenol‐rich nutraceuticals may be an effective and safe adjuvant treatment for the management of CD, UC, and IBS; with higher certainty of evidence for resveratrol for UC and CD and peppermint oil for IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Giang
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xiao Lan
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megan Crichton
- Bond University Nutrition & Dietetics Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Bond University Nutrition & Dietetics Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Food & Mood Centre, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Skye Marshall
- Bond University Nutrition & Dietetics Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Science, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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85
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Lovatt J, Gascoyne-Binzi D, Hussey T, Garside M, McGill F, Selinger CP. Screening for TB in Hospitalised Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease before Anti-TNF Therapy: Is QuantiFERON ® Gold Testing Useful? J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10091816. [PMID: 33919426 PMCID: PMC8122329 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background—Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and in immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Patients should be tested for latent tuberculosis infection using interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA/QF) prior to anti-TNFα therapy. Indeterminate QF results can delay anti-TNFα therapy. We sought to investigate factors associated with indeterminate QF results. Method—Retrospective study of all IGRA tests requested for gastroenterology patients in 2017. We compared inpatients and outpatients and investigated factors potentially associated with QF usefulness (steroid exposure, C-reactive protein (CRP), hypoalbuminaemia, thrombophilia). Results—We included 286 outpatients and 74 inpatients with IBD. Significantly more inpatients had an indeterminate IGRA (52.7% vs. 3.14% in outpatients; p < 0.0001). Laboratory parameters reflecting inflammation (high CRP, low albumin, low haemoglobin and high platelets) were also associated with an indeterminate QF (p < 0.0001). Exposure to steroids was more common in patients with an indeterminate QF (p < 0.0001). A binary logistic regression analysis revealed inpatient status and steroid exposure to be independently predictive of an indeterminate QF (p < 0.0001). Conclusion—There is a high chance of indeterminate QF results in inpatients. QF testing should ideally be performed in the outpatient setting at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lovatt
- Gastroenterology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK; (J.L.); (M.G.)
| | | | - Thomas Hussey
- Anaesthetics, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford BD9 6RJ, UK;
| | - Maya Garside
- Gastroenterology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK; (J.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Fiona McGill
- Infectious Diseases, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK;
- Medical Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK
| | - Christian P. Selinger
- Gastroenterology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK; (J.L.); (M.G.)
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-113-206-8768
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86
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Karthikeyan A, Young KN, Moniruzzaman M, Beyene AM, Do K, Kalaiselvi S, Min T. Curcumin and Its Modified Formulations on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): The Story So Far and Future Outlook. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:484. [PMID: 33918207 PMCID: PMC8065662 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disorder of the small intestine and colon. IBD includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), and it is a major factor for the development of colon cancer, referred to as colitis-associated cancer (CAC). The current treatment of IBD mainly includes the use of synthetic drugs and monoclonal antibodies. However, these drugs have side effects over long-term use, and the high relapse rate restricts their application. In the recent past, many studies had witnessed a surge in applying plant-derived products to manage various diseases, including IBD. Curcumin is a bioactive component derived from a rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa). Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies show that curcumin may interact with many cellular targets (NF-κB, JAKs/STATs, MAPKs, TNF-γ, IL-6, PPARγ, and TRPV1) and effectively reduce the progression of IBD with promising results. Thus, curcumin is a potential therapeutic agent for patients with IBD once it significantly decreases clinical relapse in patients with quiescent IBD. This review aims to summarize recent advances and provide a comprehensive picture of curcumin's effectiveness in IBD and offer our view on future research on curcumin in IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhimoolam Karthikeyan
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Kim Na Young
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.N.Y.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (K.D.)
| | - Mohammad Moniruzzaman
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.N.Y.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (K.D.)
| | - Anteneh Marelign Beyene
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.N.Y.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (K.D.)
| | - Kyoungtag Do
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.N.Y.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (K.D.)
| | - Senthil Kalaiselvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore 641043, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Taesun Min
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (K.N.Y.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (K.D.)
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87
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Zhang C, Ju J, Wu X, Yang J, Yang Q, Liu C, Chen L, Sun X. Tripterygium wilfordii Polyglycoside Ameliorated TNBS-Induced Colitis in Rats via Regulating Th17/Treg Balance in Intestinal Mucosa. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1243-1255. [PMID: 33833546 PMCID: PMC8021269 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s293961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the therapeutic effect of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside (TWP), a derivative from a Chinese traditional herb, on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis, in a model for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in rats. Methods TWP was administrated to Wistar rats during TNBS-induced colitis to determine its therapeutic effect on active inflammation using the Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), flow cytometry, and Western blotting. Peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells were isolated from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and incubated with TWP to verify its immune regulation mechanism by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. Results Intragastric administration of TWP attenuated the severity of intestinal inflammation in TNBS-induced rat colitis, characterized by decreased DAI, histopathological scores, and expression of IL-6, TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-17A in intestinal mucosa. Furthermore, TWP reduced IL-17A+CD4+ T-cells, while enhanced Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ T-cells in peripheral blood, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and spleen in rat colitis. Downstream signaling including ROR-γt, STAT3, and HIF1α expression in intestinal mucosa were suppressed by TWP. In addition, incubation with TWP suppressed IL-17A+CD4+ T-cell differentiation, while it promoted Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ T-cell differentiation in CD4+ T-cells isolated from UC patients. Conclusion TWP successfully ameliorated experimental rat colitis via regulating innate immune responses as well as Th17/Treg balance in intestinal mucosa, peripheral blood, MLN, and spleen. Moreover, the differentiation of peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell isolated from patients with UC was modulated by TWP. TWP may act as an optional complementary and alternative medicine for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Zhang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Ju
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Wu
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaolan Yang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglu Yang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqin Liu
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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88
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The Role of Enterobacteriaceae in Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040697. [PMID: 33801755 PMCID: PMC8066304 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases with unknown etiology. There is a combination of well documented factors in their pathogenesis, including intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. The symbiotic microbiota plays important functions in the host, and the loss of beneficial microbes could favor the expansion of microbial pathobionts. In particular, the bloom of potentially harmful Proteobacteria, especially Enterobacteriaceae, has been described as enhancing the inflammatory response, as observed in IBDs. Herein, we seek to investigate the contribution of Enterobacteriaceae to IBD pathogenesis whilst considering the continuous expansion of the literature and data. Despite the mechanism of their expansion still remaining unclear, their expansion could be correlated with the increase in nitrate and oxygen levels in the inflamed gut and with the bile acid dysmetabolism described in IBD patients. Furthermore, in several Enterobacteriaceae studies conducted at a species level, it has been suggested that some adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) play an important role in IBD pathogenesis. Overall, this review highlights the pivotal role played by Enterobacteriaceae in gut dysbiosis associated with IBD pathogenesis and progression.
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89
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Tkachenko AS, Gubina-Vakulyck GI, Klochkov VK, Kavok NS, Onishchenko AI, Gorbach TV, Nakonechna OA. Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Gadolinium Orthovanadate GdVO4:Eu3+ Nanoparticles on the Carrageenan-Induced Intestinal Inflammation. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2021; 63:18-24. [PMID: 32422112 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2020.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effects of orally administered gadolinium orthovanadate GdVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles (VNPs) on the course of chronic carrageenan-induced intestinal inflammation. METHODS Samples of small intestinal tissue were collected from four groups of rats (intact, after administration of VNPs, with carrageenaninduced intestinal inflammation, with carrageenan-induced intestinal inflammation orally exposed to VNPs) to assess the intestinal morphology and HSP90α expression. Levels of seromucoid, C-reactive protein, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 were determined in blood serum. RESULTS Oral exposure to VNPs was associated with neither elevation of inflammation markers in blood serum nor HSP90α overexpression in the small intestine, i.e. no toxic effects of VNPs were observed. Carrageenan-induced intestinal inflammation was accompanied by higher levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, as well as HSP90α upregulation in the intestinal mucosa, compared with controls. Administration of VNPs to rats with enteritis did not lead to statistically significant changes in concentrations of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines with the trend towards their increase. CONCLUSION No adverse effects were observed in rats orally exposed to VNPs at a dose of 20 μg/kg during two weeks. Using the experimental model of carrageenan-induced enteritis, it was demonstrated that VNPs at the dose used in our study did not affect the course of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton S Tkachenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | | | - Vladimir K Klochkov
- Institute for Scintillation Materials National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya S Kavok
- Institute for Scintillation Materials National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Tatyana V Gorbach
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana A Nakonechna
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
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90
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Mousavifar L, Roy R. Recent development in the design of small 'drug-like' and nanoscale glycomimetics against Escherichia coli infections. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:2124-2137. [PMID: 33667654 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates are involved in several pathological processes. Glycomimetics that can favorably emulate complex carbohydrate structures, while competing with natural ligands as inhibitors, are gaining considerable attention owing to their improved hydrolytic stability, binding affinity, and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Of particular interest are the families of α-d-mannopyranoside analogs, which can be used as inhibitors against adherent invasive Escherichia coli infections. Bacterial resistance to modern antibiotics triggers the search for new alternative antibacterial strategies that are less susceptible to acquiring resistance. In this review, we highlight recent progress in the chemical syntheses of this family of compounds, one of which having reached clinical trials against Crohn's disease (CD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Mousavifar
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, PO Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - René Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, PO Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; INRS - Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
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91
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Mocanu V, Rajaruban S, Dang J, Kung JY, Deehan EC, Madsen KL. Repeated Fecal Microbial Transplantations and Antibiotic Pre-Treatment Are Linked to Improved Clinical Response and Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Pooled Proportion Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:959. [PMID: 33804464 PMCID: PMC7957789 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The response of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) has been inconsistent possibly due to variable engraftment of donor microbiota. This failure to engraft has resulted in the use of several different strategies to attempt optimization of the recipient microbiota following FMT. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effects of two distinct microbial strategies-antibiotic pre-treatment and repeated FMT dosing-on IBD outcomes. A systematic literature review was designed and implemented in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A medical librarian conducted comprehensive searches in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Library on 25 November 2019 and updated on 29 January 2021. Primary outcomes of interest included comparing relapse and remission rates in patients with IBD for a single FMT dose, repeated FMT dosages, and antibiotic pre-treatment groups. Twenty-eight articles (six randomized trials, 20 cohort trials, two case series) containing 976 patients were identified. Meta-analysis revealed that both repeated FMT and antibiotic pre-treatment strategies demonstrated improvements in pooled response and remission rates. These clinical improvements were associated with increases in fecal microbiota richness and α-diversity, as well as the enrichment of several short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing anaerobes including Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotella, Ruminococcus, and Clostridium related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Mocanu
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, University of Alberta, 8440 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada;
| | - Sabitha Rajaruban
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (S.R.); (E.C.D.); (K.L.M.)
| | - Jerry Dang
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, University of Alberta, 8440 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada;
| | - Janice Y. Kung
- John W. Scott Health Sciences Library, University of Alberta, 2K3.28 Walter C. Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada;
| | - Edward C. Deehan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (S.R.); (E.C.D.); (K.L.M.)
| | - Karen L. Madsen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (S.R.); (E.C.D.); (K.L.M.)
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Li J, Zhou H, Fu X, Zhang M, Sun F, Fan H. Dynamic role of macrophage CX3CR1 expression in inflammatory bowel disease. Immunol Lett 2021; 232:39-44. [PMID: 33582183 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), consisting of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is featured by overactive immune response and enduring course of unrestrained colitis. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors are fundamental in disease progression. Notably, microbiota dysregulation and its interaction with host mucosal barrier perplex disease phenotype. Under experimental setting, distinct mouse models are established to mimic human colitis process, including infection induced dysbiosis, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) etc. induced barrier destruction, anti-CD40 L induced innate immunity dominant colitis and T cell transfer colitis model. Thus, from a more detailed aspect, IBD is heterogeneous and can be further classified into different subtypes based on the specific etiological pathways. As a typical inflammatory disorder, various immune cell types are involved in IBD pathogenesis. Among them, macrophages are believed to play a pivotal role. CX3CR1+ macrophages, deriving from peripheral patrolling CD14+ Ly6Chi monocytes, are specified cell population dwelling in the gut. Accumulating evidence suggests that CX3CR1+ macrophages are critical for mucosal homeostasis and IBD pathogenesis, while some conflicts exist in current studies with both protective and harmful effects being revealed. Herein, we reviewed published literatures and found that the observed discrepancies stem from many aspects: the expression level of CX3CR1, the confounding dendritic cell subsets and most importantly, the different colitis stages and subtypes. Overall, CX3CR1 targeting strategy could be powerful weapon in fighting against colitis, but at the same time, the precise etiological and pathological mechanisms should be cautiously examined concerning the appropriate usage of CX3CR1 targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haifeng Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Sun
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Heng Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Liu F, Yao Y, Lu Z, Zhang Q, Liu C, Zhu C, Lin C. 5-Hydroxy-4-methoxycanthin-6-one alleviates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in rats via regulation of metabolic profiling and suppression of NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:153438. [PMID: 33422953 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-Hydroxy-4-methoxycanthin-6-one (PQ-A) is the main active compound in Ramulus et Folium Picrasmae, a Chinese herbal medicine commonly used in colitis treatment. PURPOSE To clarify PQ-A's role and mechanism in colitis treatment based on a non-targeted metabolomics study. METHODS Rats with ulcerative colitis (UC) established with 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were orally treated with PQ-A. Body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, biochemical parameters (MDA and SOD), and histopathological score in colon tissue were measured. A UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS approach-based metabolomics analysis was conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms of PQ-A in colitis treatment. Inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10) concentrations in serum and their protein levels in the colon were determined. CD3 and NF-κB/p65 immunohistochemistry in the colon was semi-quantified. The related protein or mRNA in IKK-NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway was measured by Western blotting or RT-PCR, respectively. Potential molecular interactions between PQ-A and NF-κB/p65 was predicted using DS 2.5 software. RESULTS PQ-A significantly prevented body weight loss and colonic shortening in colitic rats, and reduced the DAI and histopathologic score as well. PQ-A decreased MDA levels in the UC rat serum and increased those of SOD. Metabolomics results revealed forty-nine differential metabolites as biomarkers of DSS-induced colitis, demonstrating that the path-mechanism of colitis involved the perturbation of eight metabolic pathways, including alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, retinol metabolism, bile acid metabolism, et al. Thirty-six biomarkers were especially reversed to normal-like levels by PQ-A via regulation of alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and retinol metabolism, which effectively hinted the potential pharmacological mechanism of PQ-A related to NF-κB/p65 inflammatory signaling. Molecular docking results predicted high affinity interaction between PQ-A and NF-κB/p65, involving hydrogen-bond interactions at five amino acid residues, suggesting NF-κB/p65 as a target. PQ-A decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 concentrations in serum and their protein levels in colon tissue in colitic rats. CD3, MYD88, p-IκBα, NF-κB/p65, and p-NF-κB/p65 expression levels decreased, whereas those of IKKβ and IκBα increased in colitic tissue following PQ-A treatment. PQ-A strongly inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB/p65. CONCLUSIONS We provide an overview of PQ-A's possible mechanism of action in colitis treatment based on serum non-targeted metabolomics. PQ-A treatment can protect rats against DSS-induced colitis by suppressing the NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangle Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zenghui Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Changhui Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Chaozhan Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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94
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Serrya MS, El-Sheakh AR, Makled MN. Evaluation of the therapeutic effects of mycophenolate mofetil targeting Nrf-2 and NLRP3 inflammasome in acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Life Sci 2021; 271:119154. [PMID: 33539910 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that increases the risk of colorectal cancer. UC is highly associated with the disturbance of the immune system leading to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation of intestine. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate the potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of MMF against acetic acid-induced UC that might be associated with the regulation of Nrf-2 and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. UC was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intracolonic instillation of acetic acid. Forty-eight hours post UC induction, MMF (50 mg/kg/day, orally) was given for 8 consecutive days. Then, colon tissues and blood samples were collected. Results showed that MMF significantly attenuated the acetic acid-induced functional, biochemical, and inflammatory injuries in colon. MMF significantly decreased oxidative stress as indicated by the decreased malondialdehyde concentration and the increased total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase concentrations in colon tissues. MMF also significantly increased Nrf-2 and decreased NLRP3 inflammasome expressions. Moreover, MMF decreased expression of interferon-gamma and increased expression of interferon-alpha. MMF also significantly decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. These results suggest that MMF has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against acetic acid-induced UC through the upregulation of Nrf-2, and INF-α expression in addition to the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent release of IL1β, IL-18 and INF-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa S Serrya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R El-Sheakh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mirhan N Makled
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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95
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Machado FDF, Formiga RDO, Lima GRDM, de Jesus NZT, Alves Júnior EB, Marinho AF, Tavares JF, Santos FA, Viana AFSC, Araújo AA, de Araújo Júnior RF, Pellizzon CH, Batista LM. Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit protects colon from TNBS-induced inflammation via immunomodulatory, antioxidant and anti-proliferative mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113153. [PMID: 32702379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In folk medicine Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae) has been reported to relieve respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, indigestion, cold, pain, fever, cramps, skin diseases, gastric ulcer and inflammatory disorders. This study investigated the effects and the mechanisms of action of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit (Lamiaceae) ethanol extract (Hs-EtOH) and hexane phase (Hs-HexF) against intestinal inflammation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Acute and relapse TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis protocols were used to evaluate intestinal anti-inflammatory activity. Damage evaluations, biochemical, histological and immunostaining parameters were determined. RESULTS Both extracts decreased macroscopic colonic inflammation and the area of lesion induced by TNBS. Nevertheless, only Hs-HexF was able to reduce colonic wall thickness, edema and diffuse inflammatory cell infiltration and to prevent GSH depletion in the acute model of ulcerative colitis. In the chronic phase with relapse of colonic ulceration, yet again only Hs-HexF significantly attenuated inflammatory parameters and presented a decrease in nitrite/nitrate, MDA, MPO, IL-1-β and TNF-α and increased levels of SOD, CAT, GSH and IL-10. Hs-HexF also significantly reduced positive cells immunostained for PCNA. CONCLUSION The data indicate intestinal anti-inflammatory activity for H. suaveolens, due to the participation of the antioxidant system, decreased neutrophil infiltration and cytokine modulation, as well as, owing to regulation of cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Danniele Frota Machado
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo de Oliveira Formiga
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Gedson Rodrigues de Morais Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Neyres Zínia Taveira de Jesus
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Edvaldo Balbino Alves Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Alexsandro Fernandes Marinho
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Josean Fechine Tavares
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Almeida Santos
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | | | - Aurigena Antunes Araújo
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Leônia Maria Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
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96
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Akhtar K, Hirschstein Z, Stefanelli A, Iannilli E, Srinivasan A, Barenboim L, Balkaya M, Cunha A, Audil A, Kochman EM, Chua F, Ravi M, Mikkilineni S, Watkins H, O'Connor W, Fan Y, Cotero V, Ashe J, Puleo C, Kao TJ, Shin DS. Non-invasive peripheral focused ultrasound neuromodulation of the celiac plexus ameliorates symptoms in a rat model of inflammatory bowel disease. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:1038-1060. [PMID: 33512049 DOI: 10.1113/ep088848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Does peripheral non-invasive focused ultrasound targeted to the celiac plexus improve inflammatory bowel disease? What is the main finding and its importance? Peripheral non-invasive focused ultrasound targeted to the celiac plexus in a rat model of ulcerative colitis improved stool consistency and reduced stool bloodiness, which coincided with a longer and healthier colon than in animals without focused ultrasound treatment. The findings suggest that this novel neuromodulatory technology could serve as a plausible therapeutic approach for improving symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease. ABSTRACT Individuals suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience significantly diminished quality of life. Here, we aim to stimulate the celiac plexus with non-invasive peripheral focused ultrasound (FUS) to modulate the enteric cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. This approach may have clinical utility as an efficacious IBD treatment given the non-invasive and targeted nature of this therapy. We employed the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model of colitis, administering lower (5%) and higher (7%) doses to rats in drinking water. FUS on the celiac plexus administered twice a day for 12 consecutive days to rats with severe IBD improved stool consistency scores from 2.2 ± 1 to 1.0 ± 0.0 with peak efficacy on day 5 and maximum reduction in gross bleeding scores from 1.8 ± 0.8 to 0.8 ± 0.8 on day 6. Similar improvements were seen in animals in the low dose DSS group, who received FUS only once daily for 12 days. Moreover, animals in the high dose DSS group receiving FUS twice daily maintained colon length (17.7 ± 2.5 cm), while rats drinking DSS without FUS exhibited marked damage and shortening of the colon (13.8 ± 0.6 cm) as expected. Inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ were reduced with DSS but coincided with control levels after FUS, which is plausibly due to a loss of colon crypts in the former and healthier crypts in the latter. Lastly, overall, these results suggest non-invasive FUS of peripheral ganglion can deliver precision therapy to improve IBD symptomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Akhtar
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Zall Hirschstein
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Allison Stefanelli
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Emilia Iannilli
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Aditya Srinivasan
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Linda Barenboim
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Mustafa Balkaya
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra Cunha
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Aliyah Audil
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Eliyahu M Kochman
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Fuyee Chua
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Maya Ravi
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Saisree Mikkilineni
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Hanel Watkins
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - William O'Connor
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ying Fan
- General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Ashe
- General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | | | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | - Damian S Shin
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.,Department of Neurology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
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97
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Macrophages-targeting mannosylated nanoparticles based on inulin for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:206-215. [PMID: 33340633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present experimental series, we have developed a novel nanocomposite to target activated macrophages in the colon with real time imaging and therapeutic capabilities. This binary nanocomposite was formed by the covalent conjugation of mannosylated NPs (Man-NPs) with carbon dots (CDs). Man-NPs were prepared using a self-assembly method based on mannosylated decamethylenediamine-grafted carboxymethyl inulin amphiphilic acid. While, the CDs were synthesized using a simple bottom-up process using citric acid monohydrate and diethylenetriamine, which were tightly bonded to the Man-NPs surface by carbodimide coupling. The resulting nanocomposite had a uniform size of 241.3 nm with a negative charge and a high drug casing density of 25.54 wt% and blue self-fluorescence were emitted. Whereas, in vitro observation of cellular uptake indicated the greater nanocomposite uptake in inflamed macrophage as compared to the untreated macrophage and mannose receptor-negative cell lines, 4T1 respectively. However, in vivo bio distribution exhibited a large number (60%) of CDs/Man-NPs nanocomposite accumulated in the inflamed colon of colitis mice. It should be noted that the novel nanocomposite, as macrophage-targeted drug delivery, could have promise for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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98
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Recent advances in inflammatory bowel disease therapy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 155:105550. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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99
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Soares IP, Oliveira BAC, Baal SCS, Donatti L, Ingberman M, Beirão BCB, Appel MH, Fernandes LC. Fish oil supplementation enhances colon recovery after experimental colitis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 163:102212. [PMID: 33249348 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fish oil (FO) has an anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution activity and it has been used to restore physiological disturbances on inflammatory conditions. Here, we investigate whether FO supplementation could, acutely, prevent or restore inflammatory damages on experimental colitis. METHODS Wistar rats orally received 2 g.kg-1.day-1 of FO for 30 days before induction of experimental colitis. Specimens were collected on the 2nd and 7th days after colitis-induction and intestinal mucus, inflammatory activity and colon integrity were determined. RESULTS Experimental colitis did cause colon disruption and FO, acutely, did not prevent the loss of intestinal and fecal mucus, neither the increase of inflammatory activity and intestinal permeability. On the 7th day of colitis, FO soften the perturbations of experimental colitis, increasing histological and fecal mucus and, also decreased inflammatory activity, but this was not accompanied by intestinal permeability. CONCLUSION FO did not protect, acutely, intestinal damages from experimental colitis, but at long run promotes higher intestinal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna A C Oliveira
- Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Suelen C S Baal
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lucelia Donatti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Breno C B Beirão
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marcia H Appel
- Department of Genetics, Structural and Molecular Biology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Luiz C Fernandes
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
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100
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Araruna ME, Serafim C, Alves Júnior E, Hiruma-Lima C, Diniz M, Batista L. Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Terpenes in Experimental Models (2010-2020): A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225430. [PMID: 33233487 PMCID: PMC7699610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) refer to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, which mainly comprises Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBDs are characterized by inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, are highly debilitating, and are without a definitive cure. Their pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated; however, it is assumed that genetic, immunological, and environmental factors are involved. People affected by IBDs have relapses, and therapeutic regimens are not always able to keep symptoms in remission over the long term. Natural products emerge as an alternative for the development of new drugs; bioactive compounds are promising in the treatment of several disorders, among them those that affect the gastrointestinal tract, due to their wide structural diversity and biological activities. This review compiles 12 terpenes with intestinal anti-inflammatory activity evaluated in animal models and in vitro studies. The therapeutic approach to IBDs using terpenes acts basically to prevent oxidative stress, combat dysbiosis, restore intestinal permeability, and improve the inflammation process in different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elaine Araruna
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Catarina Serafim
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Edvaldo Alves Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Clelia Hiruma-Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil;
| | - Margareth Diniz
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Leônia Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-83-32167003; Fax: +55-83-32167502
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