101
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder, and is associated with significant comorbidity, with university students being particularly vulnerable. We aimed to assess associations of BED with a wide range of comorbidities and measures of impulsivity and compulsivity in university students, to gain better understanding of its prevalence, correlates and pathophysiology. METHODS We carried out an internet-based survey, assessing presence of BED using a validated structured self-report diagnostic tool, demographics, substance use, impulsive behaviors, psychiatric history, and measures of impulsivity and compulsivity. Approximately 10 000 students were invited to take part. Group differences between students with current BED and students without BED were investigated. RESULTS A total of 3415 students completed the survey, with 83 (2.4%) screening positive for BED. BED was associated with female gender, hazardous/harmful alcohol use, depression and anxiety symptoms, low self-esteem, post-traumatic stress disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, treatment for psychological/emotional problems (including prescribed medication) and trait impulsivity and compulsivity. However, the largest effect sizes were evident for associations with trait impulsivity and compulsivity. CONCLUSIONS The associations of BED with trait impulsivity and compulsivity implicate these latent phenotypes in its pathophysiology. The identified links between BED and a wide range of mental disorders highlight the need to screen for disordered eating in student populations, including when students present with other mental health conditions.
Collapse
|
102
|
Yurkow S, Ivezaj V, Grilo CM. Predictors and significance of rapid response to behaviorally based treatment of binge eating disorder. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:390-398. [PMID: 36623872 PMCID: PMC9877118 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined baseline predictors of rapid response and its prognostic significance in a clinical trial of behaviorally based weight loss treatment (BBWLT) for binge eating disorder in patients with obesity. METHODS One hundred ninety-one participants receiving BBWLT were assessed at baseline, throughout treatment, and at posttreatment (6 months) by independent assessors. Rapid response was defined as ≥ 65% reduction in binge eating by the fourth treatment week. Patients with versus without rapid response were compared on demographic features, a broad range of current/past clinical and psychiatric variables, and treatment attitudes. Rapid response was used to prospectively predict posttreatment outcomes. RESULTS Rapid response, which characterized 63% (N = 120) of participants, was not associated significantly with any demographic features or with any current/past clinical and psychiatric variables. Higher ratings (at week one) regarding the logic of BBWLT and greater confidence that treatment would help with binge eating and weight loss were associated significantly with rapid response (at week four). Rapid response was prospectively associated with significantly better binge eating and weight loss outcomes. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that rapid response to BBWLT for binge eating disorder prospectively predicts superior clinical outcomes in both binge eating and weight loss. Treatment attitudes, rather than patient demographic or clinical severity variables, are prospectively associated with rapid response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Yurkow
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT. USA
| | - Valentina Ivezaj
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT. USA
| | - Carlos M. Grilo
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT. USA
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Abdulla ZARA, Almahmood HO, Alghasra RR, Alherz ZAS, Alsharifa HAG, Qamber SJ, Alomar NA, Almajed FE, Almahroos TR, Alnajjas ZA, Alsayyad AS. Prevalence and associated factors of binge eating disorder among Bahraini youth and young adults: a cross-sectional study in a self-selected convenience sample. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:5. [PMID: 36627719 PMCID: PMC9831363 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00726-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge eating disorder (BED) is defined as recurrent ingestion of an unusually large amount of food in a discrete period of time. BED has the highest prevalence of all eating disorders. Studies have shown a strong relationship between BED and both physical and psychological factors such as obesity, depression and anxiety. This research aimed to report the prevalence and associated factors of BED among Bahrainis (aged 15-30 years). METHODS A total of 959 participants (aged 15-30 years) completed self-administered online questionnaires. BED was measured using the binge eating disorder Screener-7. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and General Anxiety Disorder-7 were used to measure depression and anxiety, respectively. RESULTS Out of all participants, 21.2% had binge eating symptoms. A higher BMI, a restricted diet, depression and anxiety were associated with more frequent binge eating symptoms. Out of all associated factors, depression had the strongest association with binge eating, (rp = 0.371, p < 0.0001). However, sociodemographic variables including age and other medical conditions were not significantly associated with BED symptoms. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the prevalence of BED symptoms was significantly high among the study participants. The results point out the crucial role of awareness of the interaction between obesity, depression and anxiety as potential risk factors for binge eating tendencies. Further research should examine their relationship with BED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hend Omar Almahmood
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| | - Razan Raed Alghasra
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| | | | | | - Seham Jamal Qamber
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| | - Nadia Aaref Alomar
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| | | | | | - Zainab Ali Alnajjas
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| | - Adel Salman Alsayyad
- Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Qeadan F, English K, Luke A, Egbert J. Eating disorders and substance use: Examining associations among US college students. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:956-968. [PMID: 36606314 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate associations between reported eating disorder (ED) diagnosis and substance use disorder (SUD) diagnosis, substance misuse, and illicit drug use among US college students. METHOD Data consisting of n = 414,299 students' responses to the National College Health Assessment survey conducted by the American College Health Association between fall 2015 and spring 2019 were utilized for this study. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were used to determine the association of reported ED diagnosis with reported SUD diagnosis, misuse of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine/methamphetamine, sedatives, hallucinogens, opiates, inhalants, MDMA, and other club drugs, as well as illicit use of prescription pain killers, prescription sedatives, and prescription stimulants. A sensitivity analysis investigating associations between reported anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and each substance use outcome was also conducted. RESULTS Among all in our analytic cohort, 7.15% reported receiving an ED diagnosis or being treated for an ED in the last 12 months. Students with ED indications were significantly more likely to report each of the substance use outcomes investigated in this study, including SUD diagnosis (aOR: 7.43; 95% CI: 6.98, 7.92; p < .0001), opiate misuse (aOR: 8.35; 95% CI: 7.38, 9.45; p < .0001), and misuse of other club drugs (aOR: 10.37; 95% CI: 9.10, 11.81; p < .0001) than peers without reported EDs. Both AN and BN were associated with an increased likelihood of SUD diagnosis. DISCUSSION These findings demonstrate strong associations between EDs and the most extensive list of substance use outcomes explored in the context of college setting ED research to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fares Qeadan
- Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kevin English
- Albuquerque Area Southwest Tribal Epidemiology Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Amy Luke
- Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jamie Egbert
- Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Tseng MC, Tu CY. Studies on eating disorders in Taiwan: Measurements, epidemiology, comorbidities, and health-care use. TAIWANESE JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_2_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
|
106
|
Barakat S, Maguire S. Accessibility of Psychological Treatments for Bulimia Nervosa: A Review of Efficacy and Engagement in Online Self-Help Treatments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:ijerph20010119. [PMID: 36612445 PMCID: PMC9819826 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterised by marked impairment to one's physical health and social functioning, as well as high rates of chronicity and comorbidity. This literature review aims to summarise existing academic research related to the symptom profile of BN, the costs and burden imposed by the illness, barriers to the receipt of care, and the evidence base for available psychological treatments. As a consequence of well-documented difficulties in accessing evidence-based treatments for eating disorders, efforts have been made towards developing innovative, diverse channels to deliver treatment, with several of these attempting to harness the potential of digital platforms. In response to the increasing number of trials investigating the utility of online treatments, this paper provides a critical review of previous attempts to examine digital interventions in the treatment of eating disorders. The results of a focused literature review are presented, including a detailed synthesis of a knowledgeable selection of high-quality articles with the aim of providing an update on the current state of research in the field. The results of the review highlight the potential for online self-help treatments to produce moderately sized reductions in core behavioural and cognitive symptoms of eating disorders. However, concern is raised regarding the methodological limitations of previous research in the field, as well as the high rates of dropout and poor adherence reported across most studies. The review suggests directions for future research, including the need to replicate previous findings using rigorous study design and methodology, as well as further investigation regarding the utility of clinician support and interactive digital features as potential mechanisms for offsetting low rates of engagement with online treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Barakat
- InsideOut Institute for Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown 2050, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - Sarah Maguire
- InsideOut Institute for Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Le LKD, Tan EJ, Perez JK, Chiotelis O, Hay P, Ananthapavan J, Lee YY, Mihalopoulos C. Prevention of high body mass index and eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2989-3003. [PMID: 36029370 PMCID: PMC9803760 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01458-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders (EDs) and high body mass index (BMI) are two important public health issues with significant health and cost impacts. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to establish whether interventions are effective in preventing both issues. METHODS Electronic databases were searched up to 10 May 2021. Studies were included if they were randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials that evaluated a preventive intervention (regardless of its aim to prevent ED, high BMI or both) and reported both EDs and BMI-related outcomes. Both narrative synthesis and meta-analysis were used to synthesise the results. Publication bias was also investigated. RESULTS Fifty-four studies were included for analysis. The primary aim of the studies was ED prevention (n = 23), high BMI prevention (n = 21) and both ED and high BMI prevention (n = 10). Meta-analysis results indicated that preventive interventions had a significant effect on several ED outcomes including dieting, shape and weight concerns, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, eating disorder symptoms and internalization, with effect sizes ranging from - 0.16 (95% CI - 0.27, - 0.06) to - 0.61 (95% CI - 0.29, - 0.04). Despite several studies that demonstrated positive impacts on BMI, there was no significant effect on BMI-related measures in the meta-analysis. The risk of publication bias was low for the majority of the pooled effect results. CONCLUSION Preventive interventions were effective for either high BMI or EDs. However, there is limited evidence to show that current preventive interventions were effective in reducing both outcomes. Further research is necessary to explore the risk factors that are shared by these weight-related disorders as well as effective prevention interventions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I: systematic review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Khanh-Dao Le
- Health Economics Division, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Eng Joo Tan
- Deakin Health Economics, School of Health and Social Development, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Joahna Kevin Perez
- Health Economics Division, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Oxana Chiotelis
- Deakin Health Economics, School of Health and Social Development, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Phillipa Hay
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- Camden and Campbelltown Hospital, SWSLHD, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Jaithri Ananthapavan
- Deakin Health Economics, School of Health and Social Development, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
- Global Obesity Centre, School of Health and Social Development, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Yong Yi Lee
- Health Economics Division, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
- Policy and Epidemiology Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, 4076, Australia
| | - Cathrine Mihalopoulos
- Health Economics Division, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Grilo CM, Lydecker JA, Fineberg SK, Moreno JO, Ivezaj V, Gueorguieva R. Naltrexone-Bupropion and Behavior Therapy, Alone and Combined, for Binge-Eating Disorder: Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. Am J Psychiatry 2022; 179:927-937. [PMID: 36285406 PMCID: PMC9722598 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Binge-eating disorder, the most prevalent eating disorder, is a serious public health problem associated with obesity, psychiatric and medical comorbidities, and functional impairments. Binge-eating disorder remains underrecognized and infrequently treated, and few evidence-based treatments exist. The authors tested the effectiveness of naltrexone-bupropion and behavioral weight loss therapy (BWL), alone and combined, for binge-eating disorder comorbid with obesity. METHODS In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial conducted from February 2017 to February 2021, using a 2×2 balanced factorial design, 136 patients with binge-eating disorder (81.6% women; mean age, 46.5 years; mean BMI, 37.1) were randomized to one of four 16-week treatments: placebo (N=34), naltrexone-bupropion (N=32), BWL+placebo (N=35), or BWL+naltrexone-bupropion (N=35). Overall, 81.7% of participants completed independent posttreatment assessments. RESULTS Intention-to-treat binge-eating remission rates were 17.7% in the placebo group, 31.3% in the naltrexone-bupropion group, 37.1% in the BWL+placebo group, and 57.1% in the BWL+naltrexone-bupropion group. Logistic regression of binge-eating remission revealed that BWL was significantly superior to no BWL, and that naltrexone-bupropion was significantly superior to placebo, but there was no significant interaction between BWL and medication. Mixed models of complementary measures of binge-eating frequency also indicated that BWL was significantly superior to no BWL. The rates of participants attaining 5% weight loss were 11.8% in the placebo group, 18.8% in the naltrexone-bupropion group, 31.4% in the BWL+placebo group, and 38.2% in the BWL+naltrexone-bupropion group. Logistic regression of 5% weight loss and mixed models of percent weight loss both revealed that BWL was significantly superior to no BWL. Mixed models revealed significantly greater improvements for BWL than no BWL on secondary measures (eating disorder psychopathology, depression, eating behaviors, and cholesterol and HbA1c levels). CONCLUSIONS BWL and naltrexone-bupropion were associated with significant improvements in binge-eating disorder, with a consistent pattern of BWL being superior to no BWL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry (Grilo, Lydecker, Ivezaj, Fineberg) and Department of Internal Medicine (Moreno), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven (Gueorguieva)
| | - Janet A Lydecker
- Department of Psychiatry (Grilo, Lydecker, Ivezaj, Fineberg) and Department of Internal Medicine (Moreno), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven (Gueorguieva)
| | - Sarah K Fineberg
- Department of Psychiatry (Grilo, Lydecker, Ivezaj, Fineberg) and Department of Internal Medicine (Moreno), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven (Gueorguieva)
| | - Jorge O Moreno
- Department of Psychiatry (Grilo, Lydecker, Ivezaj, Fineberg) and Department of Internal Medicine (Moreno), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven (Gueorguieva)
| | - Valentina Ivezaj
- Department of Psychiatry (Grilo, Lydecker, Ivezaj, Fineberg) and Department of Internal Medicine (Moreno), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven (Gueorguieva)
| | - Ralitza Gueorguieva
- Department of Psychiatry (Grilo, Lydecker, Ivezaj, Fineberg) and Department of Internal Medicine (Moreno), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven (Gueorguieva)
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Reinhardt M, Rice KG, Horváth Z. Non-suicidal self-injury motivations in the light of self-harm severity indicators and psychopathology in a clinical adolescent sample. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1046576. [PMID: 36532173 PMCID: PMC9751932 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1046576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adolescents with psychiatric problems are also considered a vulnerable population in terms of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). In the current study, we examined the associations of interpersonal and intrapersonal NSSI motivations with several NSSI severity indicators and psychopathological characteristics. Materials and methods In a cross-sectional research design, 158 adolescents (83.5% girls; mean age = 16.10 years; SD = 1.49) who have received inpatient or outpatient psychiatric treatment completed the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Self-Critical Rumination Scale. Results More than two-thirds of the sample (75.3%; n = 119) reported at least one episode of NSSI in their life, and 45.38% (n = 54) have engaged in NSSI in the past month (current self-injury). The results indicated that only intrapersonal NSSI functions were linked to NSSI severity indicators (current and repetitive NSSI, versatility), interpersonal functions were not. Furthermore, a number of psychopathological features (co-occurring mental disorders, presence of a mood disorder, more internalizing mental illness symptoms, and more pronounced self-critical rumination) were associated with engaging in NSSI for intrapersonal reasons. We also identified other differences within the specific intrapersonal NSSI motivations. It should be highlighted that the anti-suicide function of NSSI behaved in exactly the opposite way as the other intrapersonal motivations. Discussion All this points to the fact that in clinical settings, detailed assessment of NSSI motivations and severity indicators can help to develop a more effective treatment plan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Reinhardt
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kenneth G. Rice
- Center for the Study of Stress, Trauma, and Resilience, Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Zsolt Horváth
- Department of Personality and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Ganson KT, Lisi NE, O'Connor J, Nagata JM. Association between binge eating and physical violence perpetration among U.S. college students. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:171. [PMID: 36397125 PMCID: PMC9673326 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00700-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, no known research has explored the link between binge eating and physical violence perpetration despite overlapping psychological constructs that underpin these behaviors (i.e., emotion regulation difficulties, impulsivity). Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between binge eating and self-reported physical violence perpetration. METHODS Cross-sectional data from four survey years (2016-2020) of the national (U.S.) Healthy Minds Study (N = 6210) were analyzed. Unadjusted (Independent samples t test) and adjusted (logistic regression) analyses were conducted to determine the associations between binge eating in the past four weeks and violence perpetration in the past 12 months, while adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS The unadjusted mean number of days of binge eating was significantly higher among participants who reported physical violence perpetration (M = 2.6, SD = 5.2) compared to those who did not (M = 1.8, SD = 3.7). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that each additional day of binge eating was associated with 5% higher odds (95% confidence interval 1.02-1.09) of self-reported physical violence perpetration, while adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS Results from this study are the first known to identify an association between binge eating and physical violence perpetration among U.S. college students. Findings are supported by the potential mechanistic overlap of emotion regulation and impulsivity associated with both binge eating and violence perpetration, underscoring the need for more research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nicole E Lisi
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julia O'Connor
- School of Social Work, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jason M Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16Th Street, 4th Floor, Box 0503, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Mental health and health behaviours among patients with eating disorders: a case-control study in France. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:160. [PMID: 36357945 PMCID: PMC9650850 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00691-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders (ED) are a public health concern due to their increasing prevalence and severe associated comorbidities. The aim of this study was to identify mental health and health behaviours associated with each form of EDs. METHODS A case-control study was performed: cases were patients with EDs managed for the first time in a specialized nutrition department and controls without EDs were matched on age and gender with cases. Participants of this study filled self-administered paper questionnaire (EDs group) or online questionnaire (non-ED group). Collected data explored socio-demographics, mental health including anxiety and depression, body image, life satisfaction, substances and internet use and presence of IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome). RESULTS 248 ED patients (broad categories: 66 Restrictive, 22 Bulimic and 160 Compulsive) and 208 non-ED subjects were included in this study. Mean age was 36.0 (SD 13.0) and 34.8 (SD 11.6) in ED and non-ED groups, respectively. Among patients and non-ED subjects, 86.7% and 83.6% were female, respectively. Body Shape Questionnaire mean score was between 103.8 (SD 46.1) and 125.0 (SD 36.2) for EDs and non-ED group, respectively (p < 0.0001). ED patients had a higher risk of unsatisfactory friendly life, anxiety, depression and IBS than non-ED s (all p < 0.0001) Higher risk of anxiety, depression and IBS was found for the three categories of EDs. Higher risk of smoking was associated only with restrictive ED, while or assault history and alcohol abuse problems were associated only with bulimic ED. The risk of binge drinking was lower in all EDs categories than in non-ED. CONCLUSION This study highlights the common comorbidities shared by all EDs patients and also identifies some specific features related to ED categories. These results should contribute to the conception of future screening and prevention programs in at risk young population as well as holistic care pathways for ED patients. This case-control study evaluated mental health and health behaviours associated with the main categories of Eating Disorders (EDs). Cases were patients with EDs initiating care in a specialized nutrition department and controls without ED were matched on age and gender with cases. Self-administered paper questionnaires were filled by ED 248 patients (66 Restrictive, 22 Bulimic and 160 Compulsive) and online questionnaire by 241 non-ED controls. Body image satisfaction was significantly worse in ED patients than in controls. (p < 0.0001). Dissatisfactory life, anxiety, depression and irritable bowel syndrome were more found in patients with all EDs categories than in non-ED (p < 0.0001). Smoking risk was increased only in restrictive patients while and assault history and alcohol abuse was increased only in bulimic patients. These results highlight the global burden of ED and related comorbidities and provide useful information for future screening, prevention and care programs.
Collapse
|
112
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Public policy efforts for prevention of and intervention upon eating disorders is severely limited in the United States due to the paucity of population-based data. This review article summarizes findings regarding eating disorders based on the National Epidemiological Studies on Alcohol and Related Conditions, Third Wave. The studies reviewed provide the most recent epidemiological indicators of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder (BED) in the United States and demonstrate the utility of population-based data for validating the generalizability of findings from clinical samples. RECENT FINDINGS Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and BED are widely distributed across sociodemographic characteristics, with substantially elevated risks for a variety of serious psychiatric, medical, and functional impairments, including heighted suicidality over the lifespan. Sexual minorities and individuals with adverse childhood experiences may be particularly vulnerable. Yet, many adults with eating disorders do not seek help, particularly professional help. National Epidemiological Studies on Alcohol and Related Conditions, Third Wave studies also validated some important clinical observations (e.g., overvaluation of shape/weight and physical inactivity in BED, more severe anorexia nervosa with onset prior to 14 years old). SUMMARY More rigorous population-based studies are needed to further advocate for appropriate resources and policies for eating disorders in the United States.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Udo
- Department of Health Policy, Management and Behavior
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York
| | - Carlos M Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Villanueva-Blasco VJ, J. MM, Villanueva-Silvestre V, Vázquez-Martínez A. Relationship Between Depression and Risky Alcohol Consumption in Women: the Mediating Role of Coping Styles and Age. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022:1-18. [PMID: 36248266 PMCID: PMC9555268 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00931-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Women are more likely to use alcohol as a coping strategy for psychological distress, with higher rates of comorbidity with depression being found in those with an alcohol use disorder. The objective of this study was to analyze changes in problematic alcohol consumption and depression during the COVID-19 lockdown, and to establish a predictive model based on age. A total of 1889 women aged 18-64 years (M = 36.14) participated. The Patient Health Questionnaire was applied for depression, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Short Version for alcohol, and active and avoidant coping were considered. In the period prior to the pandemic, depression and avoidant coping were good predictors of alcohol consumption in women, regardless of age. During lockdown, this predictive capacity was only maintained in women aged 35-64 years. In the mediational models, differences were observed according to age. For women aged 18-34 years, depression was the predictor variable of problematic alcohol consumption, but for women aged 35-64 years it was the avoidant coping style, which is the predominant style in women of this age with clinical depression. The relevance of age in the combined treatments of depression and problematic alcohol consumption is highlighted, and training in active coping strategies is suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. J. Villanueva-Blasco
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group On Health and Psycho-Social Adjustment (GI-SAPS), Valencian International University, C/ Pintor Sorolla, 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mateu-Mollá J.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group On Health and Psycho-Social Adjustment (GI-SAPS), Valencian International University, C/ Pintor Sorolla, 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - V. Villanueva-Silvestre
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group On Health and Psycho-Social Adjustment (GI-SAPS), Valencian International University, C/ Pintor Sorolla, 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - A. Vázquez-Martínez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group On Health and Psycho-Social Adjustment (GI-SAPS), Valencian International University, C/ Pintor Sorolla, 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Sarra SR, Abar CC. Perceptions of control and disordered eating behaviors during college transitions. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:2091-2098. [PMID: 33151830 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1842745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ObjectivesDisordered eating behaviors are prevalent among college-age individuals. Issues of control (e.g., perceptions of control; desire for control) are often salient for these individuals. Concerns regarding control can be exacerbated during transitions. The current study examined the extent to which disordered eating behaviors in college were predicted by locus of control, desire for control, and their interaction. We also explored whether these associations might be impacted by student life transitions (e.g., into/out of college). Participants and methods: A sample of 156 college students (72% women) was surveyed. Results: Both locus of and desire for control were predictive of disordered eating, but hypothesized moderations among locus of control, desire for control, and life transitions were primarily not supported. Conclusions: Issues surrounding perceptions of control are important for disordered eating treatments or prevention programs, while more research is needed on the role life transitions may play in exacerbating risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon R Sarra
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Brockport, Brockport, New York, USA
| | - Caitlin C Abar
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Brockport, Brockport, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Bray B, Bray C, Bradley R, Zwickey H. Mental health aspects of binge eating disorder: A cross-sectional mixed-methods study of binge eating disorder experts' perspectives. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:953203. [PMID: 36186859 PMCID: PMC9520774 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.953203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge eating disorder has high comorbidity with a variety of mental health diagnoses and significantly impairs quality of life. This mixed-methods cross-sectional survey study aimed to collect information from experts in the field about mental health issues pertaining to adult binge eating disorder pathology. Fourteen expert binge eating disorder researchers and clinicians were identified based on history of NIH R01 funding, relevant PubMed-indexed publications, active practice in the field, leadership in related professional societies, and/or distinction in popular press. Semi-structured interviews were anonymously recorded and analyzed by ≥2 investigators using reflexive thematic analysis and quantification. The domains of depression, anxiety, attention deficit disorder (ADD)/attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), substance-related and addictive disorders (SRADs), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were addressed in relation to binge eating disorder pathology by 100, 100, 93, 79, 71, and 64% of participants, respectively. Depression and anxiety seem to be the most commonly recognized mental health comorbidities among experts participating in this study. These expert perceptions generally align with the most comprehensive and up-to-date information available on mental health comorbidity prevalence data in adult binge eating disorder, though updated surveys are warranted. The findings from this study highlight the importance of screening for binge eating disorder among individuals with Axis-I mental health diagnoses (e.g., depression and other mood disorders, anxiety disorders, ADD/ADHD, and SRADs). Research on underlying mechanisms that link various Axis-I disorders to binge eating disorder is also warranted and recommended by the experts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenna Bray
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Chris Bray
- Wilder Research Division, Amherst H. Wilder Foundation, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Ryan Bradley
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Heather Zwickey
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Swami V, Barron D, Furnham A. Associations between Schizotypal Facets and Symptoms of Disordered Eating in Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11157. [PMID: 36141444 PMCID: PMC9517632 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Research has suggested that schizotypy-a personality organisation representing latent vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders-may be elevated in women with symptoms of disordered eating. However, studies have not fully considered associations between symptoms of disordered eating and multidimensional schizotypy. To overcome this limitation, we asked an online sample of 235 women from the United States to complete measures of symptoms of disordered eating (drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and bulimic symptoms) and multidimensional schizotypy. Correlational analyses indicated significant associations between drive for thinness and bulimic symptoms, respectively, and most schizotypal facets. Body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with only two schizotypal facets. Overall, the strength of correlations was weak-to-moderate. Regression results indicated that only the schizotypal feature of excessive social anxiety was significantly associated with all risk for disordered eating factors. These results are consistent with aetiological models of disordered eating that highlight socio-affective difficulties as risk factors for symptoms of disordered eating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia
| | - Adrian Furnham
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia
- Department of Leadership and Organizational Behaviour, Norwegian Business School, 0484 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Hambleton A, Pepin G, Le A, Maloney D, Touyz S, Maguire S. Psychiatric and medical comorbidities of eating disorders: findings from a rapid review of the literature. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:132. [PMID: 36064606 PMCID: PMC9442924 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00654-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders (EDs) are potentially severe, complex, and life-threatening illnesses. The mortality rate of EDs is significantly elevated compared to other psychiatric conditions, primarily due to medical complications and suicide. The current rapid review aimed to summarise the literature and identify gaps in knowledge relating to any psychiatric and medical comorbidities of eating disorders. METHODS This paper forms part of a rapid review) series scoping the evidence base for the field of EDs, conducted to inform the Australian National Eating Disorders Research and Translation Strategy 2021-2031, funded and released by the Australian Government. ScienceDirect, PubMed and Ovid/Medline were searched for English-language studies focused on the psychiatric and medical comorbidities of EDs, published between 2009 and 2021. High-level evidence such as meta-analyses, large population studies and Randomised Control Trials were prioritised. RESULTS A total of 202 studies were included in this review, with 58% pertaining to psychiatric comorbidities and 42% to medical comorbidities. For EDs in general, the most prevalent psychiatric comorbidities were anxiety (up to 62%), mood (up to 54%) and substance use and post-traumatic stress disorders (similar comorbidity rates up to 27%). The review also noted associations between specific EDs and non-suicidal self-injury, personality disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders. EDs were complicated by medical comorbidities across the neuroendocrine, skeletal, nutritional, gastrointestinal, dental, and reproductive systems. Medical comorbidities can precede, occur alongside or emerge as a complication of the ED. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a thorough overview of the comorbid psychiatric and medical conditions co-occurring with EDs. High psychiatric and medical comorbidity rates were observed in people with EDs, with comorbidities contributing to increased ED symptom severity, maintenance of some ED behaviours, and poorer functioning as well as treatment outcomes. Early identification and management of psychiatric and medical comorbidities in people with an ED may improve response to treatment and overall outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashlea Hambleton
- InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Genevieve Pepin
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Anvi Le
- Healthcare Management Advisors, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Danielle Maloney
- InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Stephen Touyz
- InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Maguire
- InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Dörsam AF, Bye A, Graf J, Howard LM, Throm JK, Müller M, Wallwiener S, Zipfel S, Micali N, Giel KE. Screening instruments for eating disorders in pregnancy: Current evidence, challenges, and future directions. Int J Eat Disord 2022; 55:1208-1218. [PMID: 35844188 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy is a vulnerable period for eating disorder (ED) occurrence and maternal EDs are associated with heightened risk of adverse pregnancy and infant outcomes. This highlights the need to identify pregnant women with past or current EDs in order to offer appropriate support. However, there is a knowledge and practice gap on screening pregnant women for EDs. Clinical guidance is lacking in international treatment guidelines, which is unsurprising given that no validated ED screening tool specifically designed for use in antenatal populations exists. Moreover, data on the effectiveness of general population screening tools for identifying EDs in pregnant women are scarce. This article provides a synthesis of current evidence, treatment guidelines, and data on the diagnostic accuracy for screening for EDs in antenatal samples from three studies with different screening approaches. We outline recommendations for future steps to tackle the knowledge and practice gap on screening for EDs in pregnant women, including next steps for the development of a pregnancy-specific ED screener and the use of general mental health screeners to detect EDs during pregnancy. Up-to-date, the jury is still out as how to best identify current or past EDs in pregnancy. More research is needed to assess the efficacy of using general mental health screeners versus ED-specific screening instruments to detect ED in pregnancy. Additionally, clinicians have to be trained on how to assess and manage EDs during pregnancy. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: Identifying pregnant women with eating disorders (EDs) is a public health concern which can be addressed using multiple approaches, including implementation of general and specific assessments within routine antenatal care, and training of healthcare professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annica Franziska Dörsam
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Amanda Bye
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Johanna Graf
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Louise M Howard
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jana Katharina Throm
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mitho Müller
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Wallwiener
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nadia Micali
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katrin Elisabeth Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Giel KE, Schag K, Leehr EJ, Mack I, Schuster LS, Wiegand A, Zipfel S, Hallschmid M, Nieratschker V. OXTR DNA methylation differentiates men on the obesity spectrum with and without binge eating disorder. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:108. [PMID: 36042529 PMCID: PMC9429727 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01318-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) plays a role in the regulation of eating behavior and metabolism. OXT functioning is altered in patients with eating and weight disorders, and a variant of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) has been associated with impulsive eating behavior as it is seen in patients with binge eating disorder (BED). Gene × environment interactions could play a role in BED. One mechanism mediating this interaction is the epigenetic alteration of gene expression. We therefore investigated if DNA methylation of the OXTR differs between individuals with obesity depending on a comorbid BED. We analyzed DNA methylation of the OXTR in peripheral blood of 227 individuals on the obesity spectrum (mean age: 40.3 ± 13.1 yrs; mean BMI: 38.6 ± 7.3 kg/m2), 130 of which were diagnosed with BED. RESULTS There were no overall differences in OXTR methylation between participants with and those without BED (p > 0.05), while both subgroups were comparable regarding age and body mass index (BMI), but significantly differed in sex distribution (p = 0.035). We found no relationship between mean DNA methylation and BMI or self-reported eating disorder (ED) pathology. Analyzing potential sex differences revealed a significantly lower OXTR DNA methylation in male participants with BED as compared to those without BED (p = 0.017). No such difference was found in the female subsample (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Clinically significant binge eating pathology might be associated with lower OXTR DNA methylation exclusively in males. The differential DNA methylation of OXTR in males with BED supports the view that BED represents a phenotype within the obesity spectrum that is characterized by specific vulnerability factors. A better understanding of the epigenetic underpinnings of the OXT system might contribute to the refinement of OXT administration approaches as potential interventions in eating and weight disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Elisabeth Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. .,Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Schag
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Johanna Leehr
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Straße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Isabelle Mack
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lea-Sarah Schuster
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Calwerstraße 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ariane Wiegand
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Calwerstraße 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Hallschmid
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioural Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen (IDM), Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Nieratschker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Calwerstraße 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Ralph AF, Brennan L, Byrne S, Caldwell B, Farmer J, Hart LM, Heruc GA, Maguire S, Piya MK, Quin J, Trobe SK, Wallis A, Williams-Tchen AJ, Hay P. Management of eating disorders for people with higher weight: clinical practice guideline. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:121. [PMID: 35978344 PMCID: PMC9386978 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00622-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of eating disorders is high in people with higher weight. However, despite this, eating disorders experienced by people with higher weight have been consistently under-recognised and under-treated, and there is little to guide clinicians in the management of eating disorders in this population. AIM The aim of this guideline is to synthesise the current best practice approaches to the management of eating disorders in people with higher weight and make evidence-based clinical practice recommendations. METHODS The National Eating Disorders Collaboration Steering Committee auspiced a Development Group for a Clinical Practice Guideline for the treatment of eating disorders for people with higher weight. The Development Group followed the 'Guidelines for Guidelines' process outlined by the National Health and Medical Research Council and aim to meet their Standards to be: 1. relevant and useful for decision making; 2. transparent; 3. overseen by a guideline development group; 4. identifying and managing conflicts of interest; 5. focused on health and related outcomes; 6. evidence informed; 7. making actionable recommendations; 8. up-to-date; and, 9. accessible. The development group included people with clinical and/or academic expertise and/or lived experience. The guideline has undergone extensive peer review and consultation over an 18-month period involving reviews by key stakeholders, including experts and organisations with clinical academic and/or lived experience. RECOMMENDATIONS Twenty-one clinical recommendations are made and graded according to the National Health and Medical Research Council evidence levels. Strong recommendations were supported for psychological treatment as a first-line treatment approach adults (with bulimia nervosa or binge-eating disorder), adolescents and children. Clinical considerations such as weight stigma, interprofessional collaborative practice and cultural considerations are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS This guideline will fill an important gap in the need to better understand and care for people experiencing eating disorders who also have higher weight. This guideline acknowledges deficits in knowledge and consequently the reliance on consensus and lower levels of evidence for many recommendations, and the need for research particularly evaluating weight-neutral and other more recent approaches in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leah Brennan
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Wodonga, Australia
| | - Sue Byrne
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Jo Farmer
- Lived Experience Advocate, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura M. Hart
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gabriella A. Heruc
- Eating Disorders and Nutrition Research Group (ENRG), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah Maguire
- InsideOut Institute for Eating Disorders, The Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Milan K. Piya
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Macarthur Clinical School, Sydney, Australia
- Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julia Quin
- Lived Experience Advocate, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah K. Trobe
- National Eating Disorders Collaboration, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Wallis
- Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, The Children’s Hospital Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Phillipa Hay
- Eating Disorders and Body Image (EDBI), Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
A model of self-criticism as a transdiagnostic mechanism of eating disorder comorbidity: A review. NEW IDEAS IN PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2022.100949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
122
|
Malet-Karas A, Bernard D, Piet E, Bertin E. Disordered eating as a repercussion of sexual assault: a consequence to consider. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2095-2106. [PMID: 35015284 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims at clarifying the links between sexual violence and disordered eating (DE). METHODS In a sample of 12,638 victims of self-reported sexual violence, we analyzed the situation of 546 victims that declared having developed DE. We assessed the characteristics of the assault (age, type of aggression) and the medical consequences (PTSD, depression, suicide attempts, anxiety disorders, etc.). RESULTS DE prevalence was 4.3% in the victim sample. The age of the first assault in DE victims was significantly lower than that of the whole population (12 years vs 16 years for median; p < 0.001). A much higher prevalence of sexual assault consequences was present in victims developing DE with odd ratios (OR) for: self-mutilation (OR = 11.5 [8.29-15.95], p < 0.001); depression (OR = 5.7 [4.81-6.86], p < 0.001); self-medication (OR = 5.3 [3.86-7.19], p < 0.001); suicide attempts (OR = 4.5 [3.59-5.67], p < 0.001); post-traumatic stress disorder (OR = 3.8 [2.99-4.78], p < 0.001); anxiety troubles (OR = 5.2 [4.11-6.47], p < 0.001); alcoholism (OR = 4.0 [2.81-5.58], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study confirms the link between DE and sexual violence, especially in childhood, leading to severe psychological consequences. In this context, DE should be envisaged as a coping strategy accompanying emotional dysregulation due to traumatic events, and be treated as such. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV: Evidence obtained from multiple time series analysis such as case studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Delphine Bernard
- Association "Le Regard du Miroir", 5 Boulevard Foch BP 62732, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Emmanuelle Piet
- Association "Collectif féministe contre le viol (CFCV)", Paris, France
| | - Eric Bertin
- Clinical Nutrition Transversal Unit (UTNC) of Reims University Hospital and Performance, Health, Metrology, Society Laboratory (PSMS, EA 7507) of Reims Champagne-Ardenne University, Reims, France.
- Hôpital Robert Debré, Unité 63 Nutrition, 45 rue Cognacq Jay, 51092, Reims, France.
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Plano SA, Soneira S, Tortello C, Golombek DA. Is the binge-eating disorder a circadian disorder? Front Nutr 2022; 9:964491. [PMID: 35938096 PMCID: PMC9352861 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.964491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago A. Plano
- Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Soneira
- Sección de Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria y Psiquiatría Nutricional, Servicio de Psiquiatría, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Camila Tortello
- Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego A. Golombek
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Escuela de Educación, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Diego A. Golombek
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Zyoud SH, Shakhshir M, Abushanab AS, Koni A, Shahwan M, Jairoun AA, Al-Jabi SW. Mapping the landscape and structure of global research on binge eating disorder: Visualization and bibliometric analysis. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:982-994. [PMID: 36051594 PMCID: PMC9331445 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i7.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge-eating disorder (BED) is a clinical syndrome and is considered the most common type of eating disorder. However, our understanding of the global performance and progress of BED research is limited.
AIM To describe and perform a bibliometric analysis of the state of BED research.
METHODS The term ‘Binge eating’ was searched in the title throughout the previous year’s up to December 31, 2020. We searched the Scopus and Reference Citation Analysis for publications on Binge eating. The VOSviewer software version 1.6.17 was used to produce the network visualization map of the most frequent author, collaborative relationships between countries/regions, and to determine the hotspots related to binge eating research. In addition, conventional bibliometric indicators were generated.
RESULTS The search strategy found 2713 total articles and an average of 62 articles per year. Among them, ‘Article’ represented 82.49% of the publications (n = 2238 articles) and was the most frequent type, followed by reviews (n = 243; 8.96%). The number of publications increased steadily during the last decade of the study period. One hundred and thirty-two countries contributed to binge eating research, with 1495 (55.11%) articles published in the United States, followed by Italy with 256 (9.44%), the United Kingdom with 183 (6.75%), and Germany with 182 (6.71%). Currently, the main hot topics related to BED are ‘type of treatment and management and treatment provided to BED”; “processes and pathways to binge eating”; and ‘diagnosis, signs and symptoms, comorbidities and prevalence and associated factors with BED’.
CONCLUSION The number of publications has increased noticeably during the previous decade. There are indeed relatively few publications on BED from low-and middle-income nations, so much is to be learned from the experience of all countries. Studies on this topic are critical in all countries to discover risk factors and effective intervention measures. Although our findings are preliminary, they imply that the future prospects for interventions aimed at BED management are bright, focusing on complex models of care and long-term maintenance of therapeutic gains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sa'ed H Zyoud
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
- Poison Control and Drug Information Center, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
- Clinical Research Centre, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Muna Shakhshir
- Department of Nutrition, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Amani S Abushanab
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Amer Koni
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Hematology and Oncology Pharmacy Department, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of Medical and Bio allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Samah W Al-Jabi
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Kilpela LS, Marshall VB, Keel PK, LaCroix AZ, Espinoza SE, Hooper SC, Musi N. The clinical significance of binge eating among older adult women: an investigation into health correlates, psychological wellbeing, and quality of life. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:97. [PMID: 35799222 PMCID: PMC9264536 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00621-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One type of overnutrition, binge eating (BE; eating an unusually large amount of food with loss of control), is prevalent among older adult women. Yet, little is known about the clinical significance of this eating disorder pathology in older adults, especially in relation to health outcomes used in geriatrics, while controlling for associations with body mass index (BMI). METHOD Women (N = 227) aged 60-94 completed two measures of BE and health/wellness questionnaires online. We used multivariable analyses to compare women with Clinical-frequency BE (≥ weekly frequency), Subclinical-frequency BE (< weekly), and No BE on health/wellness outcomes controlling for BMI. We conducted partial correlations controlling for BMI to examine associations between BE severity and health indices. RESULTS Controlling for BMI, the Clinical-frequency BE group reported poorer health-related quality of life (physical function, role limitations due to both emotional and physical problems, vitality, emotional wellbeing, social function, and pain) and poorer psychological health (depression, body image) compared to both Subclinical-frequency BE and No BE. The Clinical-frequency BE group also reported poorer sleep, nutritious food consumption, general health, and positive affect compared to No BE. Associations between a separate measure of BE severity and health indices confirmed findings from group comparisons. CONCLUSION Weekly BE may offer a promising screening benchmark for identifying one type of overnutrition in older women that is associated with numerous indicators of poorer health, independent of the effects of BMI. More research is needed to understand risks for and consequences of BE unique to older adult women. Binge eating (BE; eating an unusually large amount of food with loss of control), is prevalent among older adult women and is associated with health problems in younger populations. Yet, little is known about how BE is related to other health problems in older adults. We compared health behaviors, physical health, health-related quality of life, and psychological health between older adult women who reported weekly or more frequent BE (i.e., Clinical BE), those with low frequency BE (i.e., Subclinical BE), and those with no BE, while accounting for BMI. Older women in the Clinical BE group reported poorer health-related quality of life, more depression symptoms, and worse body image compared to the Subclinical BE and No BE groups. Compared to the No BE group, the Clinical BE group also reported poorer sleep, less frequent consumption of nutritious foods, worse health, and less frequent positive emotions. Using a separate measure of BE severity, we found similar associations with these health outcomes. Engaging in weekly BE may represent one type of overnutrition behavior in older women that is associated with numerous indicators of poorer health. More research is needed to understand risks for and consequences of BE unique to older adult women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Smith Kilpela
- Barshop Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- ReACH Center, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- South Texas VA Health System, Audie Murphy Veterans Hospital, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Victoria B Marshall
- Barshop Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- ReACH Center, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Pamela K Keel
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sara E Espinoza
- Barshop Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- South Texas VA Health System, Audie Murphy Veterans Hospital, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Savannah C Hooper
- Barshop Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- ReACH Center, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nicolas Musi
- Barshop Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- South Texas VA Health System, Audie Murphy Veterans Hospital, San Antonio, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
A Retrospective Literature Review of Eating Disorder Research (1990–2021): Application of Bibliometrics and Topical Trends. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137710. [PMID: 35805366 PMCID: PMC9265657 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the growing importance of eating disorders in society and academic literature, only a few bibliometric review studies using bibliometric analysis were available. Hence, this study aimed to explore and uncover hidden research topics and patterns in articles in terms of eating disorders over the last 30 years. In total, 4111 articles on eating disorders were analyzed using bibliometrics, network analyses, and structural topic modeling as the basis of mixed methods. In addition to general statistics about the journal, several key research topics, such as eating disorder (ED) treatment, ED symptoms, factors triggering ED, family related factors, eating behaviors, and social factors, were found based on topic correlations. This study found the key research variables that are frequently studied with EDs, such as AN, BN, BED, and ARFID. This study may help clinicians comprehend important risk factors associated with EDs. Moreover, the findings about key ED research topics and their association can be helpful for future studies to construct a comprehensive ED research framework. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use topic modeling in an academic journal on EDs and examine the diversity in ED research over 30 years of published research.
Collapse
|
127
|
Prins K, Huisman M, McLuskey A, Mies R, Karels B, Delhanty PJD, Visser JA. Ghrelin deficiency sex-dependently affects food intake, locomotor activity, and adipose and hepatic gene expression in a binge-eating mouse model. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E494-E507. [PMID: 35403437 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00432.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Binge-eating disorder is the most prevalent eating disorder diagnosed, affecting three times more women than men. Ghrelin stimulates appetite and reward signaling, and loss of its receptor reduces binge-eating behavior in male mice. Here, we examined the influence of ghrelin itself on binge-eating behavior in both male and female mice. Five-wk-old wild-type (WT) and ghrelin-deficient (Ghrl-/-) mice were housed individually in indirect calorimetry cages for 9 wks. Binge-like eating was induced by giving mice ad libitum chow, but time-restricted access to a Western-style diet (WD; 2 h access, 3 days/wk) in the light phase (BE); control groups received ad libitum chow (CO), or ad libitum access to both diets (CW). All groups of BE mice showed binge-eating behavior, eating up to 60% of their 24-h intake during the WD access period. Subsequent dark phase chow intake was decreased in Ghrl-/- mice and remained decreased in Ghrl-/- females on nonbinge days. Also, nonbinge day locomotor activity was lower in Ghrl-/- than in WT BE females. Upon euthanasia, Ghrl-/- BE mice weighed less and had a lower lean body mass percentage than WT BE mice. In BE and CW groups, ghrelin and sex altered the expression of genes involved in lipid processing, thermogenesis, and aging in white adipose tissue and livers. We conclude that, although ghrelin deficiency does not hamper the development of binge-like eating, it sex-dependently alters food intake timing, locomotor activity, and metabolism. These results add to the growing body of evidence that ghrelin signaling is sexually dimorphic.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ghrelin, a peptide hormone secreted from the gut, is involved in hunger and reward signaling, which are altered in binge-eating disorder. Although sex differences have been described in both binge-eating and ghrelin signaling, this interaction has not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that ghrelin deficiency affects the behavior and metabolism of mice in a binge-like eating paradigm, and that the sex of the mice impacts the magnitude and direction of these effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Prins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Huisman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anke McLuskey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosinda Mies
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Karels
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patric J D Delhanty
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny A Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Ganson KT, Nagata JM, Rodgers RF, Cunningham ML, Lavender JM, Murray SB, Hammond D. Weight gain attempts and substance use behaviors among adults across five countries. Body Image 2022; 41:375-383. [PMID: 35525156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Weight gain attempts are common among adolescents, yet a paucity of research has explored these behaviors among adults, particularly in relation to substance use behaviors. To address this gap in the literature, pooled data from the 2018 and 2019 International Food Policy Study (N = 42,108) were analyzed. The association of weight gain attempts in the past 12 months with four important and relatively common substance use behaviors (alcohol use, binge-drinking, cigarette smoking, marijuana use) was examined using multiple modified Poisson regression analyses that adjusted for theoretically relevant covariates. Among men and women, weight gain attempts were associated with a higher likelihood of cigarette smoking in the past 30 days, marijuana use in the past 12 months, and binge-drinking one or more times per month in the past 12 months among men only. Among women, weight gain attempts were associated with a lower likelihood of alcohol use one or more times per month in the past 12 months. Our findings contribute to the literature demonstrating that substance use behaviors are more prevalent among adults who report weight gain attempts in a large international sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jason M Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rachel F Rodgers
- Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHRU Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jason M Lavender
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, Bethesda, MD, USA; Metis Foundation, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Stuart B Murray
- Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Hammond
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Romano KA, Lipson SK, Beccia AL, Quatromoni PA, Gordon AR, Murgueitio J. Changes in the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of eating disorder symptoms from 2013 to 2020 among a large national sample of U.S. young adults: A repeated cross-sectional study. Int J Eat Disord 2022; 55:776-789. [PMID: 35338504 PMCID: PMC9204707 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to: (1) identify recent temporal changes in the prevalence of different cognitive and behavioral eating disorder (ED) symptoms, current probable EDs, lifetime ED diagnoses, and mental healthcare use among college students across the United States; (2) determine whether established disparities in ED prevalence and receiving mental healthcare have widened or narrowed over time for marginalized groups within this population. METHOD Participants included a large national sample of U.S. college students (N = 286,720) who completed the repeated cross-sectional Healthy Minds Study from 2013 to 2020. Descriptive statistics and polynomial regressions quantified time-trends in participants' ED symptoms and past 12-month mental healthcare. Moderated regressions examined temporal changes in ED symptoms and mental healthcare based on sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Individuals' engagement in different cognitive and behavioral ED symptoms, and likelihoods of exhibiting current probable EDs, reporting lifetime ED diagnoses, and (for individuals with current probable EDs) receiving therapy or counseling in the past 12-months exhibited nonlinear increases from 2013 to 2020. Further, the prevalence of current and lifetime ED symptoms and (for symptomatic individuals) past 12-month mental healthcare differed over time for individuals with different BMIs and gender, sexual, and racial/ethnic identities (but not ages). In particular, individuals with higher BMIs and those who identified as male, bisexual, and gay, lesbian, or queer exhibited increasing ED pathology over time. DISCUSSION These findings provide important information on groups of U.S. college students that have experienced increasing burden of ED symptoms and may help guide ED prevention, treatment, and research priorities. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE Recent temporal changes in the prevalence of eating disorder (ED) symptoms and mental healthcare were examined in a national sample of U.S. young adults. Non-linear increases in ED symptoms and mental healthcare were identified among U.S. young adults overall from 2013 to 2020. U.S. young adults with higher BMIs, males, bisexual, and gay, lesbian, or queer individuals exhibited increasing ED burden over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Romano
- The Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Sarah K. Lipson
- Department of Health Law Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ariel L. Beccia
- Clinical and Population Health Research Program, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paula A. Quatromoni
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Allegra R. Gordon
- Department of Community Health Science, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jose Murgueitio
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Halbeisen G, Braks K, Huber TJ, Paslakis G. Gender Differences in Treatment Outcomes for Eating Disorders: A Case-Matched, Retrospective Pre–Post Comparison. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112240. [PMID: 35684040 PMCID: PMC9183188 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are increasingly emerging as a health risk in men, yet men remain underrepresented in ED research, including interventional trials. This underrepresentation of men may have facilitated the development of women-centered ED treatments that result in suboptimal outcomes for men. The present study retrospectively compared pre- vs. post-treatment outcomes between age-, diagnosis-, and length-of-treatment-matched samples of n = 200 men and n = 200 women with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), Binge Eating Disorder (BED), or Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS), treated in the same setting during the same period, and using the same measurements. Compared to women, men with AN showed marked improvements in weight gains during treatment as well as in ED-specific cognitions and general psychopathology. Likewise, men with BED showed marked weight loss during treatment compared to women with BED; ED-specific cognitions and general psychopathology outcomes were comparable in this case. For BN and EDNOS, weight, ED-specific cognitions, and general psychopathology outcomes remained largely comparable between men and women. Implications for treatments are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Halbeisen
- University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Campus East-Westphalia, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32312 Luebbecke, Germany;
| | - Karsten Braks
- Centre for Eating Disorders, Klinik am Korso, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (K.B.); (T.J.H.)
| | - Thomas J. Huber
- Centre for Eating Disorders, Klinik am Korso, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (K.B.); (T.J.H.)
| | - Georgios Paslakis
- University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Campus East-Westphalia, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32312 Luebbecke, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Hay P, Palavras MA, da Luz FQ, dos Anjos Garnes S, Sainsbury A, Touyz S, Appolinario JC, Claudino AM. Physical and mental health outcomes of an integrated cognitive behavioural and weight management therapy for people with an eating disorder characterized by binge eating and a high body mass index: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:355. [PMID: 35610603 PMCID: PMC9131673 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED) are eating disorders (EDs) characterized by recurrent binge eating. They are associated with medical complications, impaired adaptive function and often a high BMI, for which a multidisciplinary treatment approach may be needed. This study explored the efficacy of a novel intervention integrating Cognitive Behavioural Therapy- Enhanced (CBT-E) and weight management for people with recurrent binge eating episodes and high BMI with respect to physical, psychopathological and quality of life outcomes. METHODS Ninety-eight adults diagnosed with BN, BED, or Other Specified/Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED/UFED) and BMI ≥ 27 to <40 kg/m2 were randomized to a multidisciplinary approach, the Healthy APproach to weIght management and Food in Eating Disorders (HAPIFED) or to CBT-E. Metabolic parameters, health-related quality of life, general psychological and ED symptoms and ED diagnostic status outcomes are reported. Data were analyzed with mixed effects models adopting multiple imputed datasets where data were missing. RESULTS Both HAPIFED and CBT-E showed statistical significance for the time effect, with reduction in stress (p < 0.001), improvement in mental health-related quality of life (p = 0.032), reduction in binge eating severity (p < 0.001), and also in global ED symptoms scores (p < 0.001), with the significant changes found at end of treatment and sustained at 12-month follow-up. However, no statistical significance was found for differences between the interventions in any of the outcomes measured. Despite a high BMI, most participants (> 75%) had blood test results for glucose, insulin, triglycerides and cholesterol within the normal range, and 52% were within the normal range for the physical component of quality of life at baseline with no change during the trial period. CONCLUSION Integrating weight and ED management resulted in comparable outcomes to ED therapy alone. Although adding weight management to an ED intervention had no adverse effects on psychological outcomes, it also had no beneficial effect on metabolic outcomes. Therefore, more intense weight management strategies may be required where indicated to improve metabolic outcomes. Safety will need to be concurrently investigated. TRIAL REGISTRATION US National Institutes of Health clinical trial registration number NCT02464345 , date of registration 08/06/2015. Changes to the present paper from the published protocol paper (Trials 18:578, 2015) and as reported in the Trial registration (clinicaltrials.gov) are reported in Supplementary File 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phillipa Hay
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, 1797 Locked Bag Avenue, Sydney, 2751, Australia.
| | - Marly Amorim Palavras
- grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, 1797 Locked Bag Avenue, Sydney, 2751 Australia ,grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Eating Disorders Program (PROATA), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Major Maragliano 241, São Paulo, SP 04017-030 Brazil
| | - Felipe Quinto da Luz
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, São Paulo, SP 05403-010 Brazil ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XBoden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006 Australia
| | - Sérgio dos Anjos Garnes
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Eating Disorders Program (PROATA), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Major Maragliano 241, São Paulo, SP 04017-030 Brazil
| | - Amanda Sainsbury
- grid.1012.20000 0004 1936 7910School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009 Australia
| | - Stephen Touyz
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XInside Out Institute and School of Psychology, Charles Perkins Centre, SLHD and The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006 Australia
| | - José Carlos Appolinario
- grid.8536.80000 0001 2294 473XObesity and Eating Disorders Group – Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Pedro Calmon 550, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901 Brazil
| | - Angélica Medeiros Claudino
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Eating Disorders Program (PROATA), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Major Maragliano 241, São Paulo, SP 04017-030 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Convertino AD, Blashill AJ. Psychiatric comorbidity of eating disorders in children between the ages of 9 and 10. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:519-526. [PMID: 34225382 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders exhibit high comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders, most notably mood, substance use, and anxiety disorders. However, most studies examining psychiatric comorbidity are conducted in adolescents and adults. Therefore, the comorbidity among children living with eating disorders is unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize co-occurring psychiatric disorders with eating disorders in a US sample of children aged 9-10 years old utilizing the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. METHODS The analytic sample included 11,718 children aged 9-10 years. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and other specified feeding and eating disorder subtype diagnoses were examined. Statistical analyses were conducted using complex sampling. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated comparing the likelihood of being diagnosed for a psychiatric disorder when having an eating disorder, as compared to children without an eating disorder, children diagnosed with major depressive disorder, and children diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder using binary logistic regression. RESULTS Co-occurring psychiatric disorders were substantially higher in children with eating disorders as compared to children without eating disorders, but not as compared to children diagnosed with major depressive disorder or posttraumatic stress disorder. The most common comorbidities for the eating disorder group were anxiety disorders (71.4%), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (47.9%), disruptive/impulse control disorders (45.0%), mood disorders (29.6%), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (28.8%), largely in line with previous research. CONCLUSIONS This study extends prior research finding high rates of comorbidity in eating disorders, specifically with anxiety, mood, and disruptive/impulse control disorders. Clinicians assessing for psychiatric disorders should be aware that eating disorders can occur in children 9 and 10 years old and are associated with severe comorbidity. Referrals for specialty mental health care should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra D Convertino
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Aaron J Blashill
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Pruessner L, Hartmann S, Rubel JA, Lalk C, Barnow S, Timm C. Integrating a web-based intervention into routine care of binge-eating disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Internet Interv 2022; 28:100514. [PMID: 35281702 PMCID: PMC8907668 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2022.100514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating pathology and carries a high mental and physical burden, access to specialized treatment is limited due to patient-related barriers and insufficient healthcare resources. Integrating web-based self-help programs into clinical care for BED may address this treatment gap by making evidence-based eating disorder interventions more accessible. Methods A two-armed randomized controlled trial will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based self-help intervention for BED in routine care settings. Patients aged 18-65 years fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for BED (N = 152) will be randomly allocated to (1) an intervention group receiving a 12-week web-based self-help program or (2) a waitlist control group with delayed access to the intervention. The primary outcome will be the number of binge eating episodes. Secondary outcomes include global eating pathology, functional impairments, work capacity, well-being, comorbid psychopathology, self-esteem, and emotion regulation abilities. Measurements will be conducted at baseline (study entrance), 6 weeks after baseline (mid-treatment), and 12 weeks after baseline (post-treatment). To capture outcomes and treatment mechanisms in real-time, traditional self-reports will be combined with weekly symptom monitoring and ecological momentary assessment. Discussion Evaluating the effectiveness of web-based interventions is essential to overcome the treatment gap for patients with BED. When adequately integrated into standard care, these programs have the potential to alleviate the high burden of BED for individuals, their families, and society. Trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04876183, Identifier: NCT04876183 (registered on May 6th, 2021).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luise Pruessner
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Hartmann
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian A. Rubel
- Psychotherapy Research Unit, University of Giessen, Otto-Behaghel-Straße 10, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christopher Lalk
- Psychotherapy Research Unit, University of Giessen, Otto-Behaghel-Straße 10, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Barnow
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Timm
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Eating disorders and subsequent risk of substance use disorders involving illicit drugs: a Danish nationwide register-based cohort study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:695-708. [PMID: 34985528 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE No study has investigated the ongoing risk of substance use disorders involving illicit drugs (ISUD) after first eating disorder (ED) and whether the pattern of risk differs according to types of ED and ISUD. Therefore, we aimed to longitudinally assess the risk of a subsequent diagnosis of any ISUD (pooled category) and specific ISUD after a first-time diagnosis of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), or unspecified ED (USED). METHODS A retrospective cohort study using data from Danish nationwide registers identified 20,759 ED patients and 83,038 matched controls (1:4 ratio). Risk of any ISUD diagnosis after first ED diagnosis was estimated by generating hazard ratios (HR). Logistic regression was applied to assess associations between each ED and specific ISUD. RESULTS Patients with AN, BN, and USED (without a prior ISUD diagnosis) exhibited an increased relative risk of a subsequent diagnosis of any ISUD compared with respective controls, and the elevated risk persisted over 10 years (AN, adjusted HRs ranging from 1.60 [99% CI 1.15-2.24] to 5.16 [3.14-8.47]; BN, 2.35 [1.46-3.79] to 14.24 [6.88-29.47]; USED, 2.86 [1.35-3.79] to 8.56 [3.31-29.47]). The highest estimates were observed during the first year of follow-up. Each ED type was associated with an increased likelihood of all types of ISUD. AN and USED were most strongly associated with sedatives/hypnotics, BN with other illegal substances (e.g., ecstasy and hallucinogens). CONCLUSIONS ED patients have a considerable risk for subsequent ISUD. Prevention efforts and treatment targeting ISUD are likely required to improve ED treatment prognosis.
Collapse
|
135
|
Giel KE, Bulik CM, Fernandez-Aranda F, Hay P, Keski-Rahkonen A, Schag K, Schmidt U, Zipfel S. Binge eating disorder. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2022; 8:16. [PMID: 35301358 PMCID: PMC9793802 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-022-00344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by regular binge eating episodes during which individuals ingest comparably large amounts of food and experience loss of control over their eating behaviour. The worldwide prevalence of BED for the years 2018-2020 is estimated to be 0.6-1.8% in adult women and 0.3-0.7% in adult men. BED is commonly associated with obesity and with somatic and mental health comorbidities. People with BED experience considerable burden and impairments in quality of life, and, at the same time, BED often goes undetected and untreated. The aetiology of BED is complex, including genetic and environmental factors as well as neuroendocrinological and neurobiological contributions. Neurobiological findings highlight impairments in reward processing, inhibitory control and emotion regulation in people with BED, and these neurobiological domains are targets for emerging treatment approaches. Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for BED. Recognition and research on BED has increased since its inclusion into DSM-5; however, continuing efforts are needed to understand underlying mechanisms of BED and to improve prevention and treatment outcomes for this disorder. These efforts should also include screening, identification and implementation of evidence-based interventions in routine clinical practice settings such as primary care and mental health outpatient clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin E Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Cynthia M Bulik
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, SWSLHD, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Kathrin Schag
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Vinchenzo C, Lawrence V, McCombie C. Patient perspectives on premature termination of eating disorder treatment: a systematic review and qualitative synthesis. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:39. [PMID: 35296356 PMCID: PMC8928624 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High rates of premature treatment termination are a well-reported issue in eating disorder treatment, and present a significant barrier for treatment effectiveness and longer term health outcomes of patients with eating disorders. Understanding patient perspectives on this phenomenon is essential in improving treatment completion rates and informing research and intervention development. The aim of this review is to synthesise qualitative literature on patient perspectives of premature termination of eating disorder treatment and to summarise the key issues leading to discontinuation of treatment. METHODS A systematic review of 1222 articles was conducted to identify studies using qualitative methods to investigate patient experiences of prematurely terminating eating disorder treatment. Ten articles were included in the review, with thematic synthesis used to analyse the primary research and develop overarching analytical themes. RESULTS Conflict around enmeshment of eating disorder with identity, and lack of support with reconstructing a sense of self without the eating disorder; challenges of managing pressures of social and clinical relationships while feeling unheard and misunderstood by both; expectations and disappointments around treatment; and dissatisfaction with progress were key themes behind premature termination of treatment. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review demonstrate the key issues influencing the decision to end treatment early, highlighting the contribution of individual, environmental, and service-level factors. Implications of these factors are discussed and suggestions raised for future research and service development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Vinchenzo
- Department of Health Services and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, The David Goldberg Centre, De Crespigny Lane, PO26, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Vanessa Lawrence
- Department of Health Services and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, The David Goldberg Centre, De Crespigny Lane, PO26, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Catherine McCombie
- Department of Health Services and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, The David Goldberg Centre, De Crespigny Lane, PO26, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Ebeling PR, Nguyen HH, Aleksova J, Vincent AJ, Wong P, Milat F. Secondary Osteoporosis. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:240-313. [PMID: 34476488 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a global public health problem, with fractures contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Although postmenopausal osteoporosis is most common, up to 30% of postmenopausal women, > 50% of premenopausal women, and between 50% and 80% of men have secondary osteoporosis. Exclusion of secondary causes is important, as treatment of such patients often commences by treating the underlying condition. These are varied but often neglected, ranging from endocrine to chronic inflammatory and genetic conditions. General screening is recommended for all patients with osteoporosis, with advanced investigations reserved for premenopausal women and men aged < 50 years, for older patients in whom classical risk factors for osteoporosis are absent, and for all patients with the lowest bone mass (Z-score ≤ -2). The response of secondary osteoporosis to conventional anti-osteoporosis therapy may be inadequate if the underlying condition is unrecognized and untreated. Bone densitometry, using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, may underestimate fracture risk in some chronic diseases, including glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, and may overestimate fracture risk in others (eg, Turner syndrome). FRAX and trabecular bone score may provide additional information regarding fracture risk in secondary osteoporosis, but their use is limited to adults aged ≥ 40 years and ≥ 50 years, respectively. In addition, FRAX requires adjustment in some chronic conditions, such as glucocorticoid use, type 2 diabetes, and HIV. In most conditions, evidence for antiresorptive or anabolic therapy is limited to increases in bone mass. Current osteoporosis management guidelines also neglect secondary osteoporosis and these existing evidence gaps are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Hanh H Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Western Health, Victoria 3011, Australia
| | - Jasna Aleksova
- Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Amanda J Vincent
- Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Phillip Wong
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Frances Milat
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Sun G, Shah MW, Ahmad T, Khan M. Global Research Trends, Top-100 Most Cited Studies, and Network Visualization of Eating and Feeding Disorders Research From 1900-2020: A Historical Bibliometric Analysis. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/11839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
139
|
Ganson KT, Mitchison D, Rodgers RF, Cunningham ML, Murray SB, Nagata JM. Compulsive exercise among college students: 5-year time trends in prevalence and demographic, substance use, and mental health correlates. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:717-728. [PMID: 34024038 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide 5-year time trends in prevalence and demographic, substance use, and mental health correlates of compulsive exercise among a national sample of college men and women. METHODS We analyzed 4 academic survey years (2016-2020; N = 8251) of the national (USA) Healthy Minds Study. Compulsive exercise was measured by self-report of any occurrence of "compulsive" exercise in the past 4 weeks. Unadjusted prevalence of compulsive exercise in the past 4 weeks was estimated across the 4 survey years by sex. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted among the pooled sample and stratified by sex to estimate the associations between compulsive exercise in the past 4 weeks and demographic, substance use, and mental health correlates. RESULTS Among the pooled sample, 11% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.60-12.42%) of men and 17% (95% CI 15.86-18.24%) of women reported compulsive exercise in the past 4 weeks. Prevalence across the 4 survey years remained stable among men and women. Higher body mass index was associated with greater odds of any compulsive exercise in the past 4 weeks among men, while any sports participation was associated with greater odds of any compulsive exercise in the past 4 weeks among women. Compulsive exercise in the past 4 weeks was associated with greater odds of all mental health symptoms and illicit drug use among men and women, and higher odds of alcohol use among women. CONCLUSION Compulsive exercise is relatively common among college men and women and is associated with substance use behaviors and poor mental health symptoms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V4, Canada.
| | - Deborah Mitchison
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rachel F Rodgers
- APPEAR, Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHRU, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Stuart B Murray
- Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason M Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Forrest LN, Jacobucci RC, Grilo CM. Empirically determined severity levels for binge-eating disorder outperform existing severity classification schemes. Psychol Med 2022; 52:685-695. [PMID: 32600493 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720002287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating-disorder severity indicators should theoretically index symptom intensity, impairment, and level of needed treatment. Two severity indicators for binge-eating disorder (BED) have been proposed (categories of binge-eating frequency and shape/weight overvaluation) but have mixed empirical support including modest clinical utility. This project uses structural equation model (SEM) trees - a form of exploratory data mining - to empirically determine the precise levels of binge-eating frequency and/or shape/weight overvaluation that most significantly differentiate BED severities. METHODS Participants were 788 adults with BED enrolled in BED treatment studies. Participants completed interviews and self-report measures assessing eating-disorder and comorbid symptoms. SEM Tree analyses were performed by specifying an outcome model of BED severity and then recursively partitioning the outcome model into subgroups. Subgroups were split based on empirically determined values of binge-eating frequency and/or shape/weight overvaluation. SEM Forests also quantified which variable contributed more improvement in model fit. RESULTS SEM Tree analyses yielded five subgroups, presented in ascending order of severity: overvaluation <1.25, overvaluation = 1.25-2.74, overvaluation = 2.75-4.24, overvaluation ⩾4.25 with weekly binge-eating frequency <4.875, and overvaluation ⩾4.25 with weekly binge-eating frequency ⩾4.875. SEM Forest analyses revealed that splits that occurred on shape/weight overvaluation resulted in much more improvement in model fit than splits that occurred on binge-eating frequency. CONCLUSIONS Shape/weight overvaluation differentiated BED severity more strongly than binge-eating frequency. Findings indicate a nuanced potential BED severity indicator scheme, based on a combination of cognitive and behavioral eating-disorder symptoms. These results inform BED classification and may allow for the provision of more specific and need-matched treatment formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren N Forrest
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Ross C Jacobucci
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Carlos M Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Mellentin AI, Skøt L, Guala MM, Støving RK, Ascone L, Stenager E, Mejldal A. Does receiving an eating disorder diagnosis increase the risk of a subsequent alcohol use disorder? A Danish nationwide register-based cohort study. Addiction 2022; 117:354-367. [PMID: 34251067 DOI: 10.1111/add.15639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM No large-scale, longitudinal clinical study has examined whether patients with different types of eating disorders (ED) have an increased risk of a subsequent alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study aimed to assess the ongoing risk of receiving a diagnosis of AUD following a first-time diagnosis of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), or unspecified ED (USED). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Danish nationwide registries, January 1994 to December 2018. PARTICIPANTS A total of 20 759 ED patients and 83 036 controls were followed from the date of first ED diagnosis (index date) until the date of first AUD diagnosis, death, emigration, or the end of the study. Controls were selected in a 1:4 ratio and matched on month and year of birth, gender and ethnicity. MEASUREMENTS We obtained data on ED (AN, BN, USED; exposure) and AUD (abuse/dependence; outcome) diagnoses as well as sociodemographics and other psychiatric diagnoses. Time to AUD was generated from the index date. Risk of AUD after the index date was assessed among those without a prior AUD diagnosis while adjusting for sociodemographics and prior psychiatric diagnoses. FINDINGS Compared with controls, an increased relative risk of AUD after the index date was observed in AN patients throughout the study lasting 15 + years (adjusted hazard ratios [HRs] ranging from 2.49 [99% CI = 1.46, 4.25] to 6.83 [2.84, 16.41]), in BN patients during the first year of follow-up and from 2 years onward (2.72 [1.66, 4.44] to 17.44 [6.01, 50.63]), and in USED patients during the first year and 2-15 years of follow-up (2.52 [1.54, 4.14] to 14.17 [5.86, 34.27]). In all three groups, estimates were highest during the first year, particularly among BN patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or unspecified eating disorders appear to have an increased ongoing risk of receiving a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder following their first eating disorder diagnosis compared with controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Isabella Mellentin
- Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.,Research Unit for Telepsychiatry and E-Mental Health, Center for Telepsychiatry, Region of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.,Brain Research-Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lotte Skøt
- Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Maria Mercedes Guala
- Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.,Center for Eating Disorders, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - René Klinkby Støving
- Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.,Center for Eating Disorders, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.,Research Unit for Medical Endocrinology, Institute of Clinical Research, University of South Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Leonie Ascone
- Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elsebeth Stenager
- Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Regional Health Services Research, University of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark
| | - Anna Mejldal
- Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Coffino JA, Ivezaj V, Barnes RD, White MA, Pittman BP, Grilo CM. Ethnic and racial comparisons of weight-loss treatment utilization history and outcomes in patients with obesity and binge-eating disorder. Eat Behav 2022; 44:101594. [PMID: 35123375 PMCID: PMC8888034 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined ethnic/racial differences in reported utilization of weight-loss methods/treatments and weight loss among adults with binge-eating disorder (BED) with co-existing obesity. METHODS Participants were 400 adults (non-Hispanic Black: n = 99, Hispanic: n = 38, non-Hispanic White: n = 263) seeking treatment for BED in Connecticut from 2007 to 2012. Participants were asked about prior weight-loss methods/treatments and resulting weight losses. RESULTS Overall, self-help diets were utilized most; mental-health services were utilized least. While non-significant differences for most methods/treatments were observed by ethnicity/race, significant differences emerged for self-help diets and supervised programs with non-Hispanic Whites, in general, utilizing these diets more frequently and losing more weight on these types of diets. CONCLUSIONS Among treatment-seeking patients with BED and obesity, non-Hispanic White patients reported histories of greater weight-loss treatment utilization and weight loss than non-White patients for supervised and self-help diets. Findings highlight the need for greater understanding of treatment utilization and outcomes among minority patients with obesity and BED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A Coffino
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America.
| | - Valentina Ivezaj
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Rachel D Barnes
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, United States of America; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Marney A White
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, United States of America
| | - Brian P Pittman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Carlos M Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Psychology, Yale University, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Liquori S, Faidutti G, Garzitto M, Saetti L, Bendotti M, Balestrieri M. Efficacy of a Group Psychoeducation Treatment in Binge Eating Disorder: An Open-Label Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:822282. [PMID: 35558418 PMCID: PMC9086709 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.822282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary group psychoeducation treatment (GPT) in patients with Binge Eating Disorder (BED). METHODS We designed an open-label efficacy study that included a population of 45 patients diagnosed with BED. A measure of eating attitudes and associated psychological constructs was obtained through the use of the self-report instruments Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-3), Binge Eating Scale (BES) and Body Uneasiness Test (BUT). The Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was also administered to assess general psychopathology. All participants participated in 12 weekly group psychoeducational treatment meetings, 8 of which were conducted by mental health professionals, and a second module of 4 meetings, oriented on health and nutrition education topics, conducted by a dietician. RESULTS At the end of treatment, patients showed significant improvements in body mass index (BMI) and binge eating. Paired t-tests showed significant differences at p-value < 0.05 in all eating disorder risk scales and for most of the general psychological scales related to eating disorders. In addition, patients experienced an improvement in their perception of overall body image, a decrease in concerns about physical appearance and less body image avoidance. Finally, results showed that psychoeducation treatment was associated with significant improvements in interpersonal sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study may indicate that significant short-term improvements can be achieved through a psychoeducation group for BED patients. Although limited by the lack of a control condition, this study adds to a growing body of evidence with promising results, setting the stage for further case-control studies of BED treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Liquori
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), Centre for Eating Disorders, University of Udine and Friuli Centrale Health-University Trust (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanni Faidutti
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), Centre for Eating Disorders, University of Udine and Friuli Centrale Health-University Trust (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Garzitto
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), Centre for Eating Disorders, University of Udine and Friuli Centrale Health-University Trust (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Luana Saetti
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), Centre for Eating Disorders, University of Udine and Friuli Centrale Health-University Trust (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Monica Bendotti
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), Centre for Eating Disorders, University of Udine and Friuli Centrale Health-University Trust (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Matteo Balestrieri
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), Centre for Eating Disorders, University of Udine and Friuli Centrale Health-University Trust (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Kose J, Paz Graniel I, Péneau S, Julia C, Hercberg S, Galan P, Touvier M, Andreeva VA. A population-based study of macronutrient intake according to mental health status with a focus on pure and comorbid anxiety and eating disorders. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3685-3696. [PMID: 35678893 PMCID: PMC9178539 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Eating disorders (ED) and anxiety impact food choices. In addition, comorbid anxiety seems to increase ED symptoms and severity. However, the association between such comorbidity and dietary intake is unknown. This population-based, cross-sectional study aimed to assess macronutrient intake according to mental health status (i.e., no disorder, pure and comorbid anxiety and ED). METHODS The study included N = 24,771 participants (74% female, mean age = 53.2 ± 13.7 years) in the NutriNet-Santé cohort, who completed once the trait subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T; high anxiety: ≥ 40 points) between 2013 and 2016 and the SCOFF questionnaire screening for ED in 2014. The Expali algorithm was applied to categorize ED (no ED; restrictive: RS; bulimic: BL; hyperphagic: HP; other ED). Participants were divided into ten groups by crossing their anxiety status (two groups: low or high) and their ED status (five groups). Macronutrient intakes were evaluated from ≥ 3 24-h dietary records. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) and Dunnett-Hsu tests (reference = no disorder) were performed. RESULTS Significant differences in macronutrient intake were seen between the pure and comorbid forms, especially for RS and HP. Compared to the "no disorder" group, a significantly higher percentage of energy from carbohydrates, higher intakes of total carbohydrates, simple sugars, and plant-based protein, lower intakes of total fat, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, and cholesterol were observed in the comorbid anxiety + RS group, but not in the pure RS group. In contrast, significantly lower intakes of added sugar and plant-based protein, and a higher intake of cholesterol were observed in the pure HP group, but not in the comorbid anxiety + HP group. For BL and other ED, similar results were observed between the pure and comorbid forms. CONCLUSION This large epidemiological study provided some support for differences in macronutrient intake between individuals with pure or comorbid anxiety and ED. Differences in intake were largely dependent on ED type. Future prospective studies and studies using clinically defined anxiety and ED are needed to elucidate causality as well as potential effect modification of the observed associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junko Kose
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Indira Paz Graniel
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain ,Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Reus, Spain ,CIBER Physiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandrine Péneau
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France ,Department of Public Health, AP-HP Paris Seine-Saint-Denis Hospital System, Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France ,Department of Public Health, AP-HP Paris Seine-Saint-Denis Hospital System, Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Valentina A. Andreeva
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Appolinario JC, Sichieri R, Lopes CS, Moraes CE, da Veiga GV, Freitas S, Nunes MAA, Wang YP, Hay P. Correlates and impact of DSM-5 binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa and recurrent binge eating: a representative population survey in a middle-income country. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:1491-1503. [PMID: 35044479 PMCID: PMC9246799 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Binge eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa (BN) and recurrent binge eating (RBE) are binge eating spectrum conditions causing a significant impact in individual's health and functioning. Information regarding those conditions came mostly from high-income countries. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of DSM-5 BED, BN and RBE and correlates in a representative sample from a metropolitan area of a middle-income country. METHODS The data were obtained from a cross-sectional population-based household survey in two stages in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Noninstitutionalized residents aged 18-60 years were assessed by lay interviewers using the Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns-5 (QEWP-5). Positive cases and a paired sample screen-negative cases were reassessed by phone with the Eating Disorders Section of SCID-I-P (adapted for DSM-5). The data were collected from September 2019 to February 2020. RESULTS Overall, 2297 individuals were interviewed. Prevalence of BED was 1.4%, BN 0.7%, RBE 6.2%. Psychiatric comorbidities, such as depression, anxiety and ADHD were significantly more prevalent in people with BED, BN and RBE than in people without these eating problems. Several medical conditions, when controlling for body mass index, were significantly more prevalent in people with BED, BN and RBE. People with BED and BN had marked impairments in work/school, social and family life, reduced mental and physical HRQoL and under half had sought treatment. CONCLUSION As in high income countries, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, BED, BN and RBE are prevalent conditions and are associated with elevated BMI, functional impairment, psychiatric and medical comorbidity and poorer HRQoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose C. Appolinario
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Professor Gastão Bahiana, 496 ap1809, Rio de Janeiro, 22071-030 Brazil
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia S. Lopes
- Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos E. Moraes
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Professor Gastão Bahiana, 496 ap1809, Rio de Janeiro, 22071-030 Brazil
| | - Gloria V. da Veiga
- Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvia Freitas
- State Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Yuan-Pang Wang
- Instituto de Psiquiatria (LIM-23), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia ,Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, SWSLHD, Campbelltown, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Halbeisen G, Brandt G, Paslakis G. A Plea for Diversity in Eating Disorders Research. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:820043. [PMID: 35250670 PMCID: PMC8894317 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.820043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are often stereotyped as affecting the SWAG, that is, as affecting mostly skinny, White, affluent girls. Over the last decade, however, significant progress has been made toward increasing diversity in ED research. There is consensus that EDs affect individuals of all genders, ages, sexual orientations, ethnic, and socio-economic backgrounds, with recent studies exploring social determinants of ED etiology, ED presentation, and developing diversity-affirming ED assessments. This article provides a brief summary of current developments related to diversity as a research theme, and proposes different perspectives toward further improving diversity in ED research. Specifically, we argue for exploring the role of diversity in ED treatment settings and outcomes, for pursuing diversity-oriented research pro-actively rather than as a reaction to issues of under-representation, and for integrating diversity across different areas of medical education and trainings in psychotherapy. Limitations with respect to the paucity of research, and the link between diversity as a research theme and ED-related workforce diversity are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Halbeisen
- University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Campus East-Westphalia, Ruhr-University Bochum, Luebbecke, Germany
| | - Gerrit Brandt
- University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Campus East-Westphalia, Ruhr-University Bochum, Luebbecke, Germany
| | - Georgios Paslakis
- University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Campus East-Westphalia, Ruhr-University Bochum, Luebbecke, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Busch N, Schmidt R, Hilbert A. Executive Functions of Adults with Binge-Eating Disorder: The Role of Weight Status and Psychopathology. Brain Sci 2021; 12:6. [PMID: 35053750 PMCID: PMC8773845 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Findings on executive functions (EFs) in binge-eating disorder (BED) are inconsistent and possibly biased by associated comorbidities. This study aimed to identify whether distinct levels of physical and mental comorbidity are related to EFs in BED. General and food-specific EFs in n = 77 adults with BED were compared to population-based norms and associations with weight status, depressive symptoms, and eating disorder psychopathology were analyzed. To detect within-sample patterns of EF performance, k-means clustering was applied. The results indicated that participants' general EFs were within the average range with slight deficits in alertness. While depression and eating disorder psychopathology were unrelated to EFs, weight status was associated with food-specific attentional bias that was significantly higher in obesity class 2 than in overweight/obesity class 1 and obesity class 3. Four meaningful clusters with distinct strengths and impairments in general and food-specific EFs but without differences in clinical variables were identified. Altogether, adults with BED showed few specific deficits compared to normative data. Performance was unrelated to depression and eating disorder psychopathology, while weight status was associated with food-specific EFs only. The results highlight the need for longitudinal studies to evaluate the relevance of EFs in BED development and maintenance in neurologically healthy adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anja Hilbert
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (N.B.); (R.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Ganson KT, Nagata JM. Associations between vaping and eating disorder diagnosis and risk among college students. Eat Behav 2021; 43:101566. [PMID: 34534874 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vaping is common among college-age young adults. Preliminary research has shown associations between vaping and eating disorder symptoms, however, there remain gaps in this knowledge among college students. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between vaping and a self-reported lifetime eating disorder diagnosis and eating disorder risk among a large sample of college students. Cross-sectional data from the 2018-2019 national (U.S.) Healthy Minds Study (n = 51,231) were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the unadjusted and adjusted associations between vaping or e-cigarette use in the past 30 days and a self-reported lifetime eating disorder diagnosis (any diagnosis, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder) and eating disorder risk (SCOFF). Among the sample, 19.0% of participants reported vaping or e-cigarette use in the past 30 days, 3.7% self-reported any lifetime eating disorder diagnosis, and 25.0% were at elevated risk for an eating disorder. Vaping or e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds of all eating disorder measures, including the self-reported lifetime eating disorder diagnosis items (any diagnosis, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder) and elevated eating disorder risk, while adjusting for demographic and confounding variables. Among a large sample of college students, vaping or e-cigarette use was associated with a self-reported lifetime eating disorder diagnosis and elevated eating disorder risk, which may exacerbate the many medical complications associated with eating disorder behaviors. Clinical professionals should screen for eating disorder behaviors among college students who report vaping or e-cigarette use to monitor symptoms and medical complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Jason M Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Tavolacci MP, Ladner J, Dechelotte P. COVID-19 Pandemic and Eating Disorders among University Students. Nutrients 2021; 13:4294. [PMID: 34959846 PMCID: PMC8707255 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An online cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2021 to identify factors, such as changes in food choices, lifestyle, risk and protective behavior, mental health, and social demographics, on eating disorders (ED) among students of a French university. Students were invited to fill out an online questionnaire. ED were identified using the French version of the five-item "Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food" (SCOFF) questionnaire. The Expali™-validated algorithmic tool, combining SCOFF and body mass index, was used to screen EDs into four diagnostic categories: bulimic ED, hyperphagic ED, restrictive ED and other ED. A total of 3508 students filled the online questionnaire, 67.3% female, mean age 20.7 years (SD = 2.3). The prevalence of ED was 51.6% in women and 31.9% in men (p < 0.0001). Lower food security scores were associated with a higher risk for all ED categories. Depression and academic stress due to COVID-19 were associated with ED regardless of category. Regarding health behaviors, a high adherence to the National nutrition recommendation was a protective factor for the risk of bulimic ED, hyperphagic ED and restrictive ED. A lower frequency of moderate and vigorous physical activity was associated with a higher risk of hyperphagic ED. Our study has shown a high screening of ED among the students of a French university fourteen months after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. By disrupting academic learning, jobs and social life, the COVID-19 pandemic could have exacerbated existing ED or contributed to the onset of new ED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Tavolacci
- Clinical Investigation Center 1404, CHU Rouen, U 1073, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Joel Ladner
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, CHU Rouen, U 1073, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, F 76000 Rouen, France;
| | - Pierre Dechelotte
- Department of Nutrition, CHU Rouen, U 1073, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, F 76000 Rouen, France;
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Carrard I, Bucher Della Torre S. A study protocol for a preliminary randomised controlled trial assessing the acceptability and effectiveness of two eating disorders prevention interventions in Switzerland: The HEIDI BP-HW project. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259796. [PMID: 34780528 PMCID: PMC8592424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the serious consequences of eating disorders on young women’s lives and because of the lack of specialised care facilities, assessing and implementing evidence-based prevention interventions is necessary. Switzerland, like other Western countries, has high prevalence rates of eating disorders. However, no prevention interventions have been evaluated in this country so far. This paper presents the protocol of a preliminary study with the aim to evaluate the acceptability and effectiveness of two interventions, the Body Project (BP) and the Healthy Weight Program (HW), for female students from French-speaking Switzerland. These two interventions were chosen because they have been widely evaluated and they proved to be effective in various countries. They take place in groups and include four weekly sessions over one month. Because of the pandemic situation, the group sessions will take place online on an collaborative platform. The design is a three-arm randomised controlled study. Ninety female students aged 18–25 and presenting with at least moderate body dissatisfaction will be randomised into three groups: (1) one-month BP intervention, (2) one-month HW intervention, and (3) one-month waiting-list control group followed by the BP intervention. Assessments of body dissatisfaction, thin-ideal internalisation, dietary restraint, negative affect, and eating disorder psychopathology will be conducted before and after the interventions or waiting list and after a one-month follow-up. ANCOVA and ANOVA with repeated measures will be used to assess group differences and follow-up stability. Acceptability will be assessed with a questionnaire on participants’ satisfaction with the interventions, group discussion at the end of the intervention, and with participants’ rate of attendance to the group sessions. The study results will provide additional data on these two eating disorders prevention interventions and will suggest ways for their dissemination and further evaluation in Switzerland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Carrard
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Sophie Bucher Della Torre
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|