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Dorst J, Borbath T, Landheer K, Avdievich N, Henning A. Simultaneous detection of metabolite concentration changes, water BOLD signal and pH changes during visual stimulation in the human brain at 9.4T. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:1104-1119. [PMID: 35060409 PMCID: PMC9121534 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221075892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a method to directly link metabolite concentration changes and BOLD response in the human brain during visual stimulation by measuring the water and metabolite signals simultaneously. Therefore, the metabolite-cycling (MC) non-water suppressed semiLASER localization technique was optimized for functional 1H MRS in the human brain at 9.4 T. Data of 13 volunteers were acquired during a 26:40 min visual stimulation block-design paradigm. Activation-induced BOLD signal was observed in the MC water signal as well as in the NAA-CH3 and tCr-CH3 singlets. During stimulation, glutamate concentration increased 2.3 ± 2.0% to a new steady-state, while a continuous increase over the whole stimulation period could be observed in lactate with a mean increase of 35.6 ± 23.1%. These increases of Lac and Glu during brain activation confirm previous findings reported in literature. A positive correlation of the MC water BOLD signal with glutamate and lactate concentration changes was found. In addition, a pH decrease calculated from a change in the ratio of PCr to Cr was observed during brain activation, particularly at the onset of the stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Dorst
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tamas Borbath
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Faculty of Science, University of Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Nikolai Avdievich
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anke Henning
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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102
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Pinilla I, Maneu V, Campello L, Fernández-Sánchez L, Martínez-Gil N, Kutsyr O, Sánchez-Sáez X, Sánchez-Castillo C, Lax P, Cuenca N. Inherited Retinal Dystrophies: Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Their Physiopathology and Therapeutic Implications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061086. [PMID: 35739983 PMCID: PMC9219848 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a large group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous diseases characterized by the progressive degeneration of the retina, ultimately leading to loss of visual function. Oxidative stress and inflammation play fundamental roles in the physiopathology of these diseases. Photoreceptor cell death induces an inflammatory state in the retina. The activation of several molecular pathways triggers different cellular responses to injury, including the activation of microglia to eliminate debris and recruit inflammatory cells from circulation. Therapeutical options for IRDs are currently limited, although a small number of patients have been successfully treated by gene therapy. Many other therapeutic strategies are being pursued to mitigate the deleterious effects of IRDs associated with oxidative metabolism and/or inflammation, including inhibiting reactive oxygen species’ accumulation and inflammatory responses, and blocking autophagy. Several compounds are being tested in clinical trials, generating great expectations for their implementation. The present review discusses the main death mechanisms that occur in IRDs and the latest therapies that are under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Pinilla
- Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lozano Blesa, University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Surgery, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Victoria Maneu
- Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain; (P.L.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Laura Campello
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Laura Fernández-Sánchez
- Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Natalia Martínez-Gil
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Oksana Kutsyr
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Xavier Sánchez-Sáez
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Carla Sánchez-Castillo
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Pedro Lax
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain; (P.L.); (N.C.)
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Nicolás Cuenca
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain; (P.L.); (N.C.)
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
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103
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van Dieken A, Staecker H, Schmitt H, Harre J, Pich A, Roßberg W, Lenarz T, Durisin M, Warnecke A. Bioinformatic Analysis of the Perilymph Proteome to Generate a Human Protein Atlas. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:847157. [PMID: 35573665 PMCID: PMC9096870 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.847157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The high complexity of the cellular architecture of the human inner ear and the inaccessibility for tissue biopsy hampers cellular and molecular analysis of inner ear disease. Sampling and analysis of perilymph may present an opportunity for improved diagnostics and understanding of human inner ear pathology. Analysis of the perilymph proteome from patients undergoing cochlear implantation was carried out revealing a multitude of proteins and patterns of protein composition that may enable characterisation of patients into subgroups. Based on existing data and databases, single proteins that are not present in the blood circulation were related to cells within the cochlea to allow prediction of which cells contribute to the individual perilymph proteome of the patients. Based on the results, we propose a human atlas of the cochlea. Finally, druggable targets within the perilymph proteome were identified. Understanding and modulating the human perilymph proteome will enable novel avenues to improve diagnosis and treatment of inner ear diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina van Dieken
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hinrich Staecker
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck, Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Heike Schmitt
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Harre
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Pich
- Core Facility Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Willi Roßberg
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Lenarz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Durisin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Athanasia Warnecke
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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104
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Shen M, Yang G, Chen Z, Yang K, Dong H, Yin C, Cheng Y, Zhang C, Gu F, Yang Y, Tian Y. Identification of novel variations in SLC6A8 and GAMT genes causing cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 532:29-36. [PMID: 35588794 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral creatine deficiency syndromes (CCDSs) are a group of rare mendelian disorders mainly characterized by intellectual disability, movement anomaly, behavior disorder and seizures. SLC6A8, GAMT, and GATM are known genes responsible for CCDS. In this study, seven pediatric patients with developmental delay were recruited and submitted to a series of clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, and genetic analysis. The clinical manifestations and core biochemical indications of each child were basically consistent with the diagnosis of CCDS. Genetic diagnosis determined that all patients were positive for SLC6A8 or GAMT variation. A total of 12 variants were identified in this cohort, including six novel ones. The frequency of these variants, the Revel scores and the conservatism of the affected amino acids support their pathogenicity. Our findings expanded the mutation spectrum of CCDS disorders, and provided solid evidence for the counseling to affected families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Shen
- Research Center for Translational Medicine Laboratory, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangming Yang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine Laboratory, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhehui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengliang Yin
- Medical Big Data Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxuan Cheng
- Birth Defects Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Medical Research and Innovation Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Birth Defects Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Medical Research and Innovation Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyan Gu
- Clinical Biobank Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaping Tian
- Birth Defects Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Medical Research and Innovation Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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105
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Zhang JH, Li HH, Zhang GJ, Zhang YH, Liu B, Huang S, Guyader J, Zhong RZ. Supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid and rumen-protected methionine increased growth performance and meat quality of Tan lambs. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:1556-1565. [PMID: 35507854 PMCID: PMC9449378 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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106
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Rabelo NN, Pipek LZ, Nascimento RFV, Telles JPM, Barbato NC, Coelho ACSDS, Barbosa GB, Yoshikawa MH, Teixeira MJ, Figueiredo EG. Could outcomes of intracranial aneurysms be better predict using serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate? Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370107. [PMID: 35416861 PMCID: PMC9000976 DOI: 10.1590/acb370107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the role of serum creatinine levels as a biomarker of intracranial
aneurysm outcomes. Methods: This is a prospective analysis of outcomes of patients with intracranial
aneurysm. One hundred forty-seven patients with serum creatinine at
admission and 6 months follow up were included. Linear and logistic
regressions were used to analyze the data. Modified Rankin scale (mRS) was
used to assess outcome. Results: Creatinine level was not directly related to aneurysm outcome nor aneurysm
rupture (p > 0.05). However, patients with a glomerular filtration rate
(GFR) lower than 72.50 mL·min–1 had an odds ratio (OR) of 3.049
(p = 0.006) for worse outcome. Similarly, aneurysm rupture had an OR of
2.957 (p = 0.014) for worse outcomes. Stepwise selection model selected 4
variables for outcomes prediction: serum creatinine, sex, hypertension and
treatment. Hypertensive patients had, on average, an increase in 0.588 in
mRS (p = 0.022), while treatment with microsurgery had a decrease in 0.555
(p = 0.038). Conclusions: Patients with higher GFR had better outcomes after 6 months. Patients with
higher GFR had better outcomes after 6 months. Creatinine presented an
indirect role in GFR values and should be included in models for outcome
prediction.
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107
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Sun M, Jiao H, Wang X, Li H, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Lin H. The regulating pathway of creatine on muscular protein metabolism depends on the energy state. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C1022-C1035. [PMID: 35417269 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00447.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Creatine (Cr) is beneficial for increasing muscle mass and preventing muscle atrophy via involving in energy metabolism through the Cr and phosphocreatine (PCr) system. This study aimed to evaluate the supplemental effect of Cr on protein metabolism under normal and starvation conditions. The primary myoblasts were obtained from the breast muscle of chicks. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/P70S6 kinase (P70S6K), ubiquitin proteasome (UP) pathways, and mitochondrial function of myotubes were evaluated at normal or starvation state and with or without glucose supplementation. Under normal condition, Cr supplementation enhanced protein synthesis rate as well as upregulated the total and phosphorylated P70S6K expressions. Cr had little influence on protein catabolism, and mitochondrial function. In a starvation state, however, Cr alleviated myotube atrophy and enhanced protein accretion by inhibiting Atrogin1 and myostatin (MSTN) expression. Furthermore, Cr treatment upregulated the transcriptional coactivators peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression, and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation under starvation condition. In the presence of glucose, however, the favorable effect of Cr on protein content and myotube diameter did not occur under starvation condition. The present result indicates that at normal state, Cr stimulated protein synthesis via the mTOR/P70S6K pathway. In a starvation state, Cr mainly take a favorable effect on protein accumulation via suppression of UP pathway and mediated mitochondrial function mainly by serving as an energy supplier. The result highlights the potential clinical application for the modulation of muscle mass under different nutritional conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfa Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongchao Jiao
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haifang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yunlei Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
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108
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Zhang B, Liu N, Kang K, Zhang R, Hao M, Song P, Wang Q, Xie Y, Li C. Dietary guanidineacetic acid supplementation ameliorated meat quality and regulated muscle metabolism of broilers subjected to pre-slaughter transport stress by metabolomics analysis. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101739. [PMID: 35220033 PMCID: PMC8881659 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Zhang
- Department of Biology and Agriculture, Characteristic Laboratory of Animal Resources Conservation and Utilization of Chishui River Basin, Zunyi Normal College, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Biology and Agriculture, Characteristic Laboratory of Animal Resources Conservation and Utilization of Chishui River Basin, Zunyi Normal College, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Kang
- Department of Biology and Agriculture, Characteristic Laboratory of Animal Resources Conservation and Utilization of Chishui River Basin, Zunyi Normal College, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, People's Republic of China
| | - Renbo Zhang
- Department of Biology and Agriculture, Characteristic Laboratory of Animal Resources Conservation and Utilization of Chishui River Basin, Zunyi Normal College, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, People's Republic of China
| | - Meilin Hao
- Department of Biology and Agriculture, Characteristic Laboratory of Animal Resources Conservation and Utilization of Chishui River Basin, Zunyi Normal College, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyong Song
- Department of Biology and Agriculture, Characteristic Laboratory of Animal Resources Conservation and Utilization of Chishui River Basin, Zunyi Normal College, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingrong Wang
- Department of Biology and Agriculture, Characteristic Laboratory of Animal Resources Conservation and Utilization of Chishui River Basin, Zunyi Normal College, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiao Xie
- Department of Biology and Agriculture, Characteristic Laboratory of Animal Resources Conservation and Utilization of Chishui River Basin, Zunyi Normal College, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuntao Li
- Department of Biology and Agriculture, Characteristic Laboratory of Animal Resources Conservation and Utilization of Chishui River Basin, Zunyi Normal College, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, People's Republic of China
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Sun Y, Kong L, Zhang AH, Han Y, Sun H, Yan GL, Wang XJ. A Hypothesis From Metabolomics Analysis of Diabetic Retinopathy: Arginine-Creatine Metabolic Pathway May Be a New Treatment Strategy for Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:858012. [PMID: 35399942 PMCID: PMC8987289 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.858012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the serious complications of diabetes, which the leading causes of blindness worldwide, and its irreversibility renders the existing treatment methods unsatisfactory. Early detection and timely intervention can effectively reduce the damage caused by diabetic retinopathy. Metabolomics is a branch of systems biology and a powerful tool for studying pathophysiological processes, which can help identify the characteristic metabolic changes marking the progression of diabetic retinopathy, discover potential biomarkers to inform clinical diagnosis and treatment. This review provides an update on the known metabolomics biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy. Through comprehensive analysis of biomarkers, we found that the arginine biosynthesis is closely related to diabetic retinopathy. Meanwhile, creatine, a metabolite with arginine as a precursor, has attracted our attention due to its important correlation with diabetic retinopathy. We discuss the possibility of the arginine-creatine metabolic pathway as a therapeutic strategy for diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center and National Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ling Kong
- National Chinmedomics Research Center and National Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center and National Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Chinmedomics Research Center and National Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center and National Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Guang-Li Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center and National Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center and National Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant, Nanning, China
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110
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Araújo R, Fabris V, Lamb CA, Lanari C, Helguero LA, Gil AM. Metabolic Adaptations in an Endocrine-Related Breast Cancer Mouse Model Unveil Potential Markers of Tumor Response to Hormonal Therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:786931. [PMID: 35299741 PMCID: PMC8921989 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.786931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women and, in most cases, it is hormone-dependent (HD), thus relying on ovarian hormone activation of intracellular receptors to stimulate tumor growth. Endocrine therapy (ET) aimed at preventing hormone receptor activation is the primary treatment strategy, however, about half of the patients, develop resistance in time. This involves the development of hormone independent tumors that initially are ET-responsive (HI), which may subsequently become resistant (HIR). The mechanisms that promote the conversion of HI to HIR tumors are varied and not completely understood. The aim of this work was to characterize the metabolic adaptations accompanying this conversion through the analysis of the polar metabolomes of tumor tissue and non-compromised mammary gland from mice implanted subcutaneously with HD, HI and HIR tumors from a medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)-induced BC mouse model. This was carried out by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of tissue polar extracts and data mining through multivariate and univariate statistical analysis. Initial results unveiled marked changes between global tumor profiles and non-compromised mammary gland tissues, as expected. More importantly, specific metabolic signatures were found to accompany progression from HD, through HI and to HIR tumors, impacting on amino acids, nucleotides, membrane percursors and metabolites related to oxidative stress protection mechanisms. For each transition, sets of polar metabolites are advanced as potential markers of progression, including acquisition of resistance to ET. Putative biochemical interpretation of such signatures are proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Araújo
- Department of Chemistry and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (CICECO/UA), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Victoria Fabris
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Caroline A Lamb
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Lanari
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luisa A Helguero
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBIMED), Department of Medical Sciences, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana M Gil
- Department of Chemistry and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (CICECO/UA), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
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111
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Nersesova LS, Petrosyan MS, Arutjunyan AV. Neuroprotective Potential of Creatine. Hidden Resources of Its Therapeutic and Preventive Use. NEUROCHEM J+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712422010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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112
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Low Tissue Creatine: A Therapeutic Target in Clinical Nutrition. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061230. [PMID: 35334887 PMCID: PMC8955088 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Low tissue creatine characterizes many conditions, including neurodegenerative, cardiopulmonary, and metabolic diseases, with a magnitude of creatine shortfall often corresponds well to a disorder’s severity. A non-invasive monitoring of tissue metabolism with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) might be a feasible tool to evaluate suboptimal levels of creatine for both predictive, diagnostic, and therapeutic purposes. This mini review paper summarizes disorders with deficient creatine levels and provides arguments for assessing and employing tissue creatine as a relevant target in clinical nutrition.
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113
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Keceli G, Gupta A, Sourdon J, Gabr R, Schär M, Dey S, Tocchetti CG, Stuber A, Agrimi J, Zhang Y, Leppo M, Steenbergen C, Lai S, Yanek LR, O’Rourke B, Gerstenblith G, Bottomley PA, Wang Y, Paolocci N, Weiss RG. Mitochondrial Creatine Kinase Attenuates Pathologic Remodeling in Heart Failure. Circ Res 2022; 130:741-759. [PMID: 35109669 PMCID: PMC8897235 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in cardiac energy metabolism occur in heart failure (HF) and contribute to contractile dysfunction, but their role, if any, in HF-related pathologic remodeling is much less established. CK (creatine kinase), the primary muscle energy reserve reaction which rapidly provides ATP at the myofibrils and regenerates mitochondrial ADP, is down-regulated in experimental and human HF. We tested the hypotheses that pathologic remodeling in human HF is related to impaired cardiac CK energy metabolism and that rescuing CK attenuates maladaptive hypertrophy in experimental HF. METHODS First, in 27 HF patients and 14 healthy subjects, we measured cardiac energetics and left ventricular remodeling using noninvasive magnetic resonance 31P spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. Second, we tested the impact of metabolic rescue with cardiac-specific overexpression of either Ckmyofib (myofibrillar CK) or Ckmito (mitochondrial CK) on HF-related maladaptive hypertrophy in mice. RESULTS In people, pathologic left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation correlate closely with reduced myocardial ATP levels and rates of ATP synthesis through CK. In mice, transverse aortic constriction-induced left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation are attenuated by overexpression of CKmito, but not by overexpression of CKmyofib. CKmito overexpression also attenuates hypertrophy after chronic isoproterenol stimulation. CKmito lowers mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, tissue reactive oxygen species levels, and upregulates antioxidants and their promoters. When the CK capacity of CKmito-overexpressing mice is limited by creatine substrate depletion, the protection against pathologic remodeling is lost, suggesting the ADP regenerating capacity of the CKmito reaction rather than CK protein per se is critical in limiting adverse HF remodeling. CONCLUSIONS In the failing human heart, pathologic hypertrophy and adverse remodeling are closely related to deficits in ATP levels and in the CK energy reserve reaction. CKmito, sitting at the intersection of cardiac energetics and redox balance, plays a crucial role in attenuating pathologic remodeling in HF. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00181259.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Keceli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Ashish Gupta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Joevin Sourdon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Refaat Gabr
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, US
| | - Michael Schär
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Swati Dey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, US
| | - Carlo G. Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Interdepartmental Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET), Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Annina Stuber
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jacopo Agrimi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Yi Zhang
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Michelle Leppo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Charles Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD US
| | - Shenghan Lai
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Brian O’Rourke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Gary Gerstenblith
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Paul A. Bottomley
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Yibin Wang
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, US
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Robert G. Weiss
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
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Kreider RB, Jäger R, Purpura M. Bioavailability, Efficacy, Safety, and Regulatory Status of Creatine and Related Compounds: A Critical Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051035. [PMID: 35268011 PMCID: PMC8912867 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2011, we published a paper providing an overview about the bioavailability, efficacy, and regulatory status of creatine monohydrate (CrM), as well as other “novel forms” of creatine that were being marketed at the time. This paper concluded that no other purported form of creatine had been shown to be a more effective source of creatine than CrM, and that CrM was recognized by international regulatory authorities as safe for use in dietary supplements. Moreover, that most purported “forms” of creatine that were being marketed at the time were either less bioavailable, less effective, more expensive, and/or not sufficiently studied in terms of safety and/or efficacy. We also provided examples of several “forms” of creatine that were being marketed that were not bioavailable sources of creatine or less effective than CrM in comparative effectiveness trials. We had hoped that this paper would encourage supplement manufacturers to use CrM in dietary supplements given the overwhelming efficacy and safety profile. Alternatively, encourage them to conduct research to show their purported “form” of creatine was a bioavailable, effective, and safe source of creatine before making unsubstantiated claims of greater efficacy and/or safety than CrM. Unfortunately, unsupported misrepresentations about the effectiveness and safety of various “forms” of creatine have continued. The purpose of this critical review is to: (1) provide an overview of the physiochemical properties, bioavailability, and safety of CrM; (2) describe the data needed to substantiate claims that a “novel form” of creatine is a bioavailable, effective, and safe source of creatine; (3) examine whether other marketed sources of creatine are more effective sources of creatine than CrM; (4) provide an update about the regulatory status of CrM and other purported sources of creatine sold as dietary supplements; and (5) provide guidance regarding the type of research needed to validate that a purported “new form” of creatine is a bioavailable, effective and safe source of creatine for dietary supplements. Based on this analysis, we categorized forms of creatine that are being sold as dietary supplements as either having strong, some, or no evidence of bioavailability and safety. As will be seen, CrM continues to be the only source of creatine that has substantial evidence to support bioavailability, efficacy, and safety. Additionally, CrM is the source of creatine recommended explicitly by professional societies and organizations and approved for use in global markets as a dietary ingredient or food additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. Kreider
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-972-458-1498
| | - Ralf Jäger
- Increnovo LLC, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA; (R.J.); (M.P.)
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115
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The metabolomics profile of growth rate in grazing beef cattle. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2554. [PMID: 35169253 PMCID: PMC8847617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the relationship between the metabolome and changes in growth rate (i.e., liveweight change, LWC) and molasses-lick block supplement intake (MLB) of grazing cattle. Weaner beef cattle were fed for 220 days with a sequence of feed types and blood samples, growth rate, and supplement intake were taken on five points in time. The relative abundance (RA) of plasma metabolites were determined using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Sixty-four per cent of the metabolites identified were associated with LWC but only 26% with MLB intake (P < 0.05). Periods with faster growth rate showed high availability of amino acids (i.e., valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine and tyrosine), acetate, and 3-hydroxybutyrate. Periods with lower growth rate were associated with high RA of lipids, choline and acetate. The metabolic profile of individual animals during a period of compensatory growth (after periods of poor performance) showed that high-performing animals were characterised by lower RA of amino acids (i.e., valine, leucine, isoleucine, methylhistidine), creatinine, creatine, pyruvate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and acetyl groups. It is speculated that high-performing animals have faster uptake of these metabolites from the bloodstream. Cattle growth rate over time was associated with their metabolome which could be used to ensure that the availability of certain metabolites promoting growth is tailored in feed supplements to improve production.
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116
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Benefits of a plant-based diet and considerations for the athlete. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:1163-1178. [PMID: 35150294 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Individuals may opt to follow a plant-based diet for a variety of reasons, such as religious practices, health benefits or concerns for animal or environmental welfare. Such diets offer a broad spectrum of health benefits including aiding in the prevention and management of chronic diseases. In addition to health benefits, a plant-based diet may provide performance-enhancing effects for various types of exercise due to high carbohydrate levels and the high concentration of antioxidants and phytochemicals found in a plant-based diet. However, some plant-based foods also contain anti-nutrional factors, such as phytate and tannins, which decrease the bioavailability of key nutrients, such as iron, zinc, and protein. Thus, plant-based diets must be carefully planned to ensure adequate intake and absorption of energy and all essential nutrients. The current narrative review summarizes the current state of the research concerning the implications of a plant-based diet for health and exercise performance. It also outlines strategies to enhance the bioavailability of nutrients, sources of hard-to-get nutrients, and sport supplements that could interest plant-based athletes.
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117
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Matsumoto N, Hori I, Kajita MK, Murase T, Nakamura W, Tsuji T, Miyake S, Inatani M, Konishi Y. Intermitochondrial signaling regulates the uniform distribution of stationary mitochondria in axons. Mol Cell Neurosci 2022; 119:103704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2022.103704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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118
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Qin Q, Pu C, Li J, Yang C, Wang B. CKMM gene NcoI polymorphism and sport performance in elite athletes: A meta-analysis from 15 studies. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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119
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Supplementing Soy-Based Diet with Creatine in Rats: Implications for Cardiac Cell Signaling and Response to Doxorubicin. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030583. [PMID: 35276943 PMCID: PMC8840593 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional habits can have a significant impact on cardiovascular health and disease. This may also apply to cardiotoxicity caused as a frequent side effect of chemotherapeutic drugs, such as doxorubicin (DXR). The aim of this work was to analyze if diet, in particular creatine (Cr) supplementation, can modulate cardiac biochemical (energy status, oxidative damage and antioxidant capacity, DNA integrity, cell signaling) and functional parameters at baseline and upon DXR treatment. Here, male Wistar rats were fed for 4 weeks with either standard rodent diet (NORMAL), soy-based diet (SOY), or Cr-supplemented soy-based diet (SOY + Cr). Hearts were either freeze-clamped in situ or following ex vivo Langendorff perfusion without or with 25 μM DXR and after recording cardiac function. The diets had distinct cardiac effects. Soy-based diet (SOY vs. NORMAL) did not alter cardiac performance but increased phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), indicating activation of rather pro-catabolic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, consistent with increased ADP/ATP ratios and lower lipid peroxidation. Creatine addition to the soy-based diet (SOY + Cr vs. SOY) slightly increased left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and contractility dp/dt, as measured at baseline in perfused heart, and resulted in activation of the rather pro-anabolic protein kinases Akt and ERK. Challenging perfused heart with DXR, as analyzed across all nutritional regimens, deteriorated most cardiac functional parameters and also altered activation of the AMPK, ERK, and Akt signaling pathways. Despite partial reprogramming of cell signaling and metabolism in the rat heart, diet did not modify the functional response to supraclinical DXR concentrations in the used acute cardiotoxicity model. However, the long-term effect of these diets on cardiac sensitivity to chronic and clinically relevant DXR doses remains to be established.
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120
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Ostojic SM, Stea TH, Engeset D. Creatine as a Promising Component of Paternal Preconception Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030586. [PMID: 35276945 PMCID: PMC8839819 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Male fertility has been declining globally over the past several decades, advancing from a personal issue to a public health problem. Beyond any doubt, a reduction in fertility (often characterized by low sperm count or motility) can severely threaten reproductive health and lifecourse framework in a long-term fashion. Aside from uncovering the currently unknown etiology of modern-day male infertility, the scientific and medical community faces a double burden: finding an efficient biomarker of impaired fertility and exploring any intervention that can act to enhance fertility. A plethora of nutritional compounds have been recognized as possible modulators of semen quality, and specific dietary patterns and nutrients appear to be accompanied by a lower risk of male infertility. Creatine, a conditionally essential nutrient, has caught attention as a male fertility-promoting candidate due to its role in sperm energy metabolism. This mini-review describes the creatine-related bioenergetics of spermatozoa, explores a connection between creatine levels and sperm quality in men, and critically examines available evidence for interventional studies with creatine to affect sperm viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej M. Ostojic
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway;
- FSPE Applied Bioenergetics Lab, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-3814-1364
| | - Tonje Holte Stea
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway;
- Department of Child and Adolescence Mental Health, Sørlandet Hospital, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Dagrun Engeset
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway;
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121
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Role of Creatine Supplementation in Conditions Involving Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030529. [PMID: 35276888 PMCID: PMC8838971 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Creatine monohydrate (CrM) is one of the most widely used nutritional supplements among active individuals and athletes to improve high-intensity exercise performance and training adaptations. However, research suggests that CrM supplementation may also serve as a therapeutic tool in the management of some chronic and traumatic diseases. Creatine supplementation has been reported to improve high-energy phosphate availability as well as have antioxidative, neuroprotective, anti-lactatic, and calcium-homoeostatic effects. These characteristics may have a direct impact on mitochondrion's survival and health particularly during stressful conditions such as ischemia and injury. This narrative review discusses current scientific evidence for use or supplemental CrM as a therapeutic agent during conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Based on this analysis, it appears that CrM supplementation may have a role in improving cellular bioenergetics in several mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases, ischemic conditions, and injury pathology and thereby could provide therapeutic benefit in the management of these conditions. However, larger clinical trials are needed to explore these potential therapeutic applications before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
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122
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Gonçalves MG, Medeiros MA, de Lemos LIC, de Fátima Campos Pedrosa L, de Andrade Santos PP, Abreu BJ, Lima JPMS. Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Histopathological and Biochemical Parameters in the Kidney and Pancreas of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030431. [PMID: 35276790 PMCID: PMC8840440 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide health concern, and projections state that cases will reach 578 million by 2030. Adjuvant therapies that can help the standard treatment and mitigate DM effects are necessary, especially those using nutritional supplements to improve glycemic control. Previous studies suggest creatine supplementation as a possible adjuvant therapy for DM, but they lack the evaluation of potential morphological parameters alterations and tissue injury caused by this compound. The present study aimed to elucidate clinical, histomorphometric, and histopathological consequences and the cellular oxidative alterations of creatine supplementation in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 DM rats. We could estimate whether the findings are due to DM or the supplementation from a factorial experimental design. Although creatine supplementation attenuated some biochemical parameters, the morphological analyses of pancreatic and renal tissues made clear that the supplementation did not improve the STZ-induced DM1 injuries. Moreover, creatine-supplemented non-diabetic animals were diagnosed with pancreatitis and showed renal tubular necrosis. Therefore, even in the absence of clinical symptoms and unaltered biochemical parameters, creatine supplementation as adjuvant therapy for DM should be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meline Gomes Gonçalves
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
| | - Matheus Anselmo Medeiros
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Digital Metropolis Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-400, RN, Brazil;
| | | | - Lucia de Fátima Campos Pedrosa
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.I.C.d.L.); (L.d.F.C.P.)
| | - Pedro Paulo de Andrade Santos
- Structural and Functional Biology Graduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
- Biosciences Center, Morphology Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
| | - Bento João Abreu
- Biosciences Center, Morphology Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
| | - João Paulo Matos Santos Lima
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Digital Metropolis Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-400, RN, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
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123
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Ostojic SM, Engeset D. Improving Brain Creatine Uptake by Klotho Protein Stimulation: Can Diet Hit the Big Time? Front Nutr 2022; 8:795599. [PMID: 35004821 PMCID: PMC8732999 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.795599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sergej M Ostojic
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Dagrun Engeset
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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124
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Effects of Delivering Guanidinoacetic Acid or Its Prodrug to the Neural Tissue: Possible Relevance for Creatine Transporter Deficiency. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12010085. [PMID: 35053827 PMCID: PMC8773658 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The creatine precursor guanidinoacetate (GAA) was used as a dietary supplement in humans with no adverse events. Nevertheless, it has been suggested that GAA is epileptogenic or toxic to the nervous system. However, increased GAA content in rodents affected by guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency might be responsible for their spared muscle function. Given these conflicting data, and lacking experimental evidence, we investigated whether GAA affected synaptic transmission in brain hippocampal slices. Incubation with 11.5 μM GAA (the highest concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid of GAMT-deficient patients) did not change the postsynaptic compound action potential. Even 1 or 2 mM had no effect, while 4 mM caused a reversible decrease in the potential. Guanidinoacetate increased creatine and phosphocreatine, but not after blocking the creatine transporter (also used by GAA). In an attempt to allow the brain delivery of GAA when there was a creatine transporter deficiency, we synthesized diacetyl guanidinoacetic acid ethyl ester (diacetyl-GAAE), a lipophilic derivative. In brain slices, 0.1 mM did not cause electrophysiological changes and improved tissue viability after blockage of the creatine transporter. However, diacetyl-GAAE did not increase creatine nor phosphocreatine in brain slices after blockage of the creatine transporter. We conclude that: (1) upon acute administration, GAA is neither epileptogenic nor neurotoxic; (2) Diacetyl-GAAE improves tissue viability after blockage of the creatine transporter but not through an increase in creatine or phosphocreatine. Diacetyl-GAAE might give rise to a GAA–phosphoGAA system that vicariates the missing creatine–phosphocreatine system. Our in vitro data show that GAA supplementation may be safe in the short term, and that a lipophilic GAA prodrug may be useful in creatine transporter deficiency.
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125
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Fernandes-Pires G, Braissant O. Current and potential new treatment strategies for creatine deficiency syndromes. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 135:15-26. [PMID: 34972654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Creatine deficiency syndromes (CDS) are inherited metabolic disorders caused by mutations in GATM, GAMT and SLC6A8 and mainly affect central nervous system (CNS). AGAT- and GAMT-deficient patients lack the functional brain endogenous creatine (Cr) synthesis pathway but express the Cr transporter SLC6A8 at blood-brain barrier (BBB), and can thus be treated by oral supplementation of high doses of Cr. For Cr transporter deficiency (SLC6A8 deficiency or CTD), current treatment strategies benefit one-third of patients. However, as their phenotype is not completely reversed, and for the other two-thirds of CTD patients, the development of novel more effective therapies is needed. This article aims to review the current knowledge on Cr metabolism and CDS clinical aspects, highlighting their current treatment possibilities and the most recent research perspectives on CDS potential therapeutics designed, in particular, to bring new options for the treatment of CTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Fernandes-Pires
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Braissant
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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126
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Chen C, Duan F, Xie Y, Wan Q, Liu H, Gong J, Huang L, Song Z. Nuciferine attenuates acute ischemic stroke in a rat model: a metabolomic approach for the mechanistic study. Mol Omics 2022; 18:765-778. [DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00158f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nuciferine is a promise therapeutic candidate for ischemic stroke. 1H NMR metabolomics was conducted in this study to further elucidate its pharmacological mechanism, which is helpful to be used as a potential treatment for stroke clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Feipeng Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Yongyan Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Quan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Haiyun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Jinpeng Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Liping Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Zonghua Song
- Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission, Beijing 100061, P. R. China
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127
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Ostojic SM. Safety of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid: A Villain of a Good Guy? Nutrients 2021; 14:75. [PMID: 35010949 PMCID: PMC8746922 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is a natural amino acid derivative that is well-recognized for its central role in the biosynthesis of creatine, an essential compound involved in cellular energy metabolism. GAA (also known as glycocyamine or betacyamine) has been investigated as an energy-boosting dietary supplement in humans for more than 70 years. GAA is suggested to effectively increase low levels of tissue creatine and improve clinical features of cardiometabolic and neurological diseases, with GAA often outcompeting traditional bioenergetics agents in maintaining ATP status during stress. This perhaps happens due to a favorable delivery of GAA through specific membrane transporters (such as SLC6A6 and SLC6A13), previously dismissed as un-targetable carriers by other therapeutics, including creatine. The promising effects of dietary GAA might be countered by side-effects and possible toxicity. Animal studies reported neurotoxic and pro-oxidant effects of GAA accumulation, with exogenous GAA also appearing to increase methylation demand and circulating homocysteine, implying a possible metabolic burden of GAA intervention. This mini-review summarizes GAA toxicity evidence in human nutrition and outlines functional GAA safety through benefit-risk assessment and multi-criteria decision analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej M. Ostojic
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway; ; Tel.: +47-38-14-13-64
- FSPE Applied Bioenergetics Lab, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Krutilina RI, Playa H, Brooks DL, Schwab LP, Parke DN, Oluwalana D, Layman DR, Fan M, Johnson DL, Yue J, Smallwood H, Seagroves TN. HIF-Dependent CKB Expression Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis, Whereas Cyclocreatine Therapy Impairs Cellular Invasion and Improves Chemotherapy Efficacy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010027. [PMID: 35008190 PMCID: PMC8749968 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Targeting dysregulated cellular metabolism is a promising avenue to treat metastatic disease. The aim of our study was to identify genes downstream of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 transcription factor that are amenable to therapeutic intervention to treat metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We identified creatine kinase, brain isoform (CKB) as an HIF-dependent gene that strongly promotes invasion and metastasis in estrogen-receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer models. Deletion of Ckb also repressed glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration, leading to a reduction in intracellular ATP. Either the deletion of Ckb or inhibition of creatine kinase (CK) activity using the creatine analog cyclocreatine (cCr) repressed cell invasion, the formation of invadopodia and lung metastasis. In addition, when paired with paclitaxel or doxorubicin, cCr enhanced growth inhibition in an additive or synergistic manner. cCr may be an effective anti-metastatic agent in ER-negative, HIF-1α-positive breast cancers, targeting both cellular metabolism and motility, particularly when paired with conventional cytotoxic agents. Abstract The oxygen-responsive hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1 promotes several steps of the metastatic cascade. A hypoxic gene signature is enriched in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) and is correlated with poor patient survival. Inhibiting the HIF transcription factors with small molecules is challenging; therefore, we sought to identify genes downstream of HIF-1 that could be targeted to block invasion and metastasis. Creatine kinase brain isoform (CKB) was identified as a highly differentially expressed gene in a screen of HIF-1 wild type and knockout mammary tumor cells derived from a transgenic model of metastatic breast cancer. CKB is a cytosolic enzyme that reversibly catalyzes the phosphorylation of creatine, generating phosphocreatine (PCr) in the forward reaction, and regenerating ATP in the reverse reaction. Creatine kinase activity is inhibited by the creatine analog cyclocreatine (cCr). Loss- and gain-of-function genetic approaches were used in combination with cCr therapy to define the contribution of CKB expression or creatine kinase activity to cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis in ER-negative breast cancers. CKB was necessary for cell invasion in vitro and strongly promoted tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Similarly, cyclocreatine therapy repressed cell migration, cell invasion, the formation of invadopodia and lung metastasis. Moreover, in common TNBC cell line models, the addition of cCr to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy agents was either additive or synergistic to repress tumor cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa I. Krutilina
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Cancer Research Building, 19 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (R.I.K.); (H.P.); (D.L.B.); (L.P.S.); (D.N.P.); (D.O.); (M.F.); (J.Y.)
| | - Hilaire Playa
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Cancer Research Building, 19 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (R.I.K.); (H.P.); (D.L.B.); (L.P.S.); (D.N.P.); (D.O.); (M.F.); (J.Y.)
| | - Danielle L. Brooks
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Cancer Research Building, 19 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (R.I.K.); (H.P.); (D.L.B.); (L.P.S.); (D.N.P.); (D.O.); (M.F.); (J.Y.)
| | - Luciana P. Schwab
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Cancer Research Building, 19 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (R.I.K.); (H.P.); (D.L.B.); (L.P.S.); (D.N.P.); (D.O.); (M.F.); (J.Y.)
| | - Deanna N. Parke
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Cancer Research Building, 19 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (R.I.K.); (H.P.); (D.L.B.); (L.P.S.); (D.N.P.); (D.O.); (M.F.); (J.Y.)
| | - Damilola Oluwalana
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Cancer Research Building, 19 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (R.I.K.); (H.P.); (D.L.B.); (L.P.S.); (D.N.P.); (D.O.); (M.F.); (J.Y.)
| | - Douglas R. Layman
- School of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Meiyun Fan
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Cancer Research Building, 19 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (R.I.K.); (H.P.); (D.L.B.); (L.P.S.); (D.N.P.); (D.O.); (M.F.); (J.Y.)
| | - Daniel L. Johnson
- Molecular Bioinformatics Core, Office of Research, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Junming Yue
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Cancer Research Building, 19 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (R.I.K.); (H.P.); (D.L.B.); (L.P.S.); (D.N.P.); (D.O.); (M.F.); (J.Y.)
| | - Heather Smallwood
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Tiffany N. Seagroves
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Cancer Research Building, 19 South Manassas Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (R.I.K.); (H.P.); (D.L.B.); (L.P.S.); (D.N.P.); (D.O.); (M.F.); (J.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-901-448-5018
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Zhloba AA, Subbotina TF. Homoarginine test for evaluation of metabolic renal dysfunction. Klin Lab Diagn 2021; 66:709-717. [PMID: 35020282 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-12-709-717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Low plasma L-homoarginine (hArg) concentration is an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and overall mortality, as well as the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The enzyme L-arginine:glycinamidinotransferase (AGAT, EC 2.1.4.1) acts in the mitochondrial membrane of the renal tubular epithelium, forming the precursor of creatine, guanidinoacetic acid, and additionnaly by-product hArg. As it was shown recently, there is a decreased level of hArg in the late stages of CKD, however, the the level of hArg in the early stages of CKD remained unexplored. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic threshold levels of hArg in the blood of patients with stages 1 and 2 of CKD. In patients with the initial stages of CKD (n = 44) at the age of 58 (45-67) years, compared with the group of donors of 55 (42-58) years (n = 30), a significant decrease of hArg level was found. In the subgroup with stage CKD 2, the cut-off point of 1.59 μM threshold was characterized by greater sensitivity and specificity than in the subgroup with stage CKD 1 with 1.66 μM threshold level of hArg. For the full group, the hArg cut-off threshold was 1.60 μM, which is about to 0.2 μM lower than the lower limit of the reference interval for healthy individuals. It can be assumed that even before the formation of symptoms of proteinuria and albuminuria, a significant part of individuals from population cohort develops a state of decreased AGAT activity, since the expression of this enzyme is associated with a certain regulatory feedback inhibition at the body level. As a result of the study, it can be noted that in patients with early stages of CKD in the age group 45-67 years, there is a disturbance of the kidneys metabolic function. These metabolic changes can be detected by testing the level of hArg.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Zhloba
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia
| | - T F Subbotina
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia
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130
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Duan BB, Xu JW, Xing T, Li JL, Zhang L, Gao F. Creatine nitrate supplementation strengthens energy status and delays glycolysis of broiler muscle via inhibition of LKB1/AMPK pathway. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101653. [PMID: 35007932 PMCID: PMC8749301 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary creatine nitrate (CrN) on growth performance, meat quality, energy status, glycolysis, and related gene expression of liver kinase B1/AMP-activated protein kinase (LKB1/AMPK) pathway in Pectoralis major (PM) muscle of broilers. A total of 240 male Arbor Acres broilers (28-day-old) were randomly allocated to one of 5 dietary treatments: the basal diet (control group), and the basal diets supplemented with 600 mg/kg guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), 300, 600, or 900 mg/kg CrN (identified as GAA600, CrN300, CrN600, or CrN900, respectively). We found that dietary GAA and CrN supplementation for 14 d from d 28 to 42 did not affect broiler growth performance, carcass traits, and textural characteristics of breast muscle. GAA600, CrN600, and CrN900 treatments increased pH24h and decreased drip loss of PM muscle compared with the control (P < 0.05). The PM muscles of CrN600 and CrN900 groups showed higher glycogen concentration and lower lactic acid concentration accompanied by lower activities of phosphofructokinase (PFK), pyruvate kinase (PK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, GAA600 and all CrN treatments increased concentration of muscle creatine, phosphocreatine (PCr) and ATP, and decreased AMP concentration and AMP/ATP ratio (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the concentrations of muscle creatine, PCr, and ATP were increased linearly, while muscle AMP concentration and AMP/ATP ratio were decreased linearly and quadratic as the dose of CrN increased (P < 0.05). GAA600, CrN600, and CrN900 treatments upregulated mRNA expression of CreaT in PM muscle, and CrN600 and CrN900 treatments downregulated GAMT expression in liver and PM muscle compared with the control or GAA600 groups (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of muscle LKB1, AMPKα1, and AMPKα2 was downregulated linearly in response to the increasing CrN level (P < 0.05). Overall, CrN showed better efficacy on strengthening muscle energy status and improve meat quality than GAA at the some dose. These results indicate that CrN may be a potential replacement for GAA as a new creatine supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - J W Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - T Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - J L Li
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - L Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
| | - F Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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131
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Gras D, Lanhers C, Bagheri R, Ugbolue UC, Coudeyre E, Pereira B, Zak M, Bouillon-Minois JB, Dutheil F. Creatine supplementation and VO 2max: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34859731 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2008864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Although creatine supplementation is well-known to increase exercise performance in acute high-intensity exercises, its role in aerobic performance based on VO2max is more controversial. Thus, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of creatine supplementation on VO2max. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and ScienceDirect were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting VO2max in creatine supplementation and placebo groups before and after supplementation. We computed a random-effects meta-analysis on VO2max at baseline, within groups following supplementation, on changes on VO2max between groups, and after supplementation between groups. Sensitivity analyses and meta-regression were conducted. We included 19 RCTs for a total of 424 individuals (mean age 30 years old, 82% men). VO2max did not differ at baseline between groups (creatine and placebo). Participants in both groups were engaged in exercise interventions in most studies (80%). Using changes in VO2max, VO2max increased in both groups but increased less after creatine supplementation than placebo (effect size [ES] = -0.32, 95%CI = -0.51 to -0.12, p = 0.002). Comparisons after creatine supplementation confirmed a lower VO2max in the creatine group compared to the placebo group (ES= -0.20, 95%CI = -0.39 to -0.001, p = 0.049). Meta-analysis after exclusion from meta-funnel resulted in similar outcomes in a subgroup of young and healthy participants. Meta-regressions on characteristics of supplementation, physical training, or sociodemographic were not statistically significant. Creatine supplementation has a negative effect on VO2max, regardless of the characteristics of training, supplementation, or population characteristics.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.2008864 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Gras
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Charlotte Lanhers
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ukadike Chris Ugbolue
- University of the West of Scotland, School of Health and Life Sciences, Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science, South Lanarkshire, Scotland, UK
| | - Emmanuel Coudeyre
- INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Biostatistics, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marek Zak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Emergency Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, WittyFit, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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132
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Mosher EP, Eberhard CD, Bumpus NN. Naturally Occurring Mutations to Muscle-Type Creatine Kinase Impact Its Canonical and Pharmacological Activities in a Substrate-Dependent Manner In Vitro. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:588-596. [PMID: 34561299 PMCID: PMC8626780 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenofovir (TFV) is a key component of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). TFV is a nucleotide analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor prodrug that requires two separate phosphorylation reactions by intracellular kinases to form the active metabolite tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP). Muscle-type creatine kinase (CKM) has previously been demonstrated to be the kinase most responsible for the phosphorylation of tenofovir-monophosphate (TFV-MP) to the active metabolite in colon tissue. Because of the importance of CKM in TFV activation, genetic variation in CKM may contribute to interindividual variability in TFV-DP levels. In the present study, we report 10 naturally occurring CKM mutations that reduced TFV-MP phosphorylation in vitro: T35I, R43Q, I92M, H97Y, R130H, R132C, F169L, Y173C, W211R, V280L, and N286I. Interestingly, of these 10, only 4-R130H, R132C, W211R, and N286I-reduced both canonical CKM activities: ADP phosphorylation and ATP dephosphorylation. Although positions 130, 132, and 286 are located in the active site, the other mutations that resulted in decreased TFV-MP phosphorylation occur elsewhere in the protein structure. Four of these eight mutations-T35I, R43Q, I92M, and W211R-were found to decrease the thermal stability of the protein. Additionally, the W211R mutation was found to impact protein structure both locally and at a distance. These data suggest a substrate-specific effect such that certain mutations are tolerated for canonical activities while being deleterious toward the pharmacological activity of TFV activation, which could influence PrEP outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Muscle-type creatine kinase (CKM) is important to the activation of tenofovir, a key component of HIV prophylaxis. This study demonstrates that naturally occurring CKM mutations impact enzyme function in a substrate-dependent manner such that some mutations that do not reduce canonical activities lead to reductions in the pharmacologically relevant activity. This finding at the intersection of drug metabolism and energy metabolism is important to the perspective on pharmacology of other drugs acted on by atypical drug-metabolizing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Mosher
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Colten D Eberhard
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Namandjé N Bumpus
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Jia W, Wang X, Wu X, Shi L. Monitoring contamination of perchlorate migrating along the food chain to dairy products poses risks to human health. Food Chem 2021; 374:131633. [PMID: 34848089 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Assessments of human exposure to sodium perchlorate via dairy sources are limited. The current study applied untargeted metabolomics (LOD, 1.08-35.60 μg L-1; LOQ, 2.54-90.58 μg L-1; RSD < 6.2%) and proteomics methods by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS to investigate the metabolic pathways and nutritional quality of goat milk contaminated with sodium perchlorate. Specifically, 11 metabolites including lactose (from 2.01 to 0.58 mg L-1), adenosine 5'-monophosphate (from 1.23 to 0.45 mg L-1), hypoxanthine (from 0.63 to 0.08 mg L-1), etc. and 3 crucial enzymes include α-lactalbumin, xanthine dehydrogenase and creatine kinase related to the quality traits of goat milk after sodium perchlorate treatment. Overall, except for spermidine, other related metabolites significantly decreased with the increase of sodium perchlorate concentration 0-160 μg L-1 and storage time (4-12 h). Collectively, we provide previously uncharacterized goat milk nutritional quality degradation mechanism induced by sodium perchlorate and a reference to ensure its safe use in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xixuan Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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134
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Burke LM. Nutritional approaches to counter performance constraints in high-level sports competition. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:2304-2323. [PMID: 34762329 PMCID: PMC9299184 DOI: 10.1113/ep088188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
New Findings What is the topic of this review? The nutritional strategies that athletes use during competition events to optimize performance and the reasons they use them. What advances does it highlight? A range of nutritional strategies can be used by competitive athletes, alone or in combination, to address various event‐specific factors that constrain event performance. Evidence for such practices is constantly evolving but must be combined with understanding of the complexities of real‐life sport for optimal implementation.
Abstract High‐performance athletes share a common goal despite the unique nature of their sport: to pace or manage their performance to achieve the highest sustainable outputs over the duration of the event. Periodic or sustained decline in the optimal performance of event tasks, involves an interplay between central and peripheral phenomena that can often be reduced or delayed in onset by nutritional strategies. Contemporary nutrition practices undertaken before, during or between events include strategies to ensure the availability of limited muscle fuel stores. This includes creatine supplementation to increase muscle phosphocreatine content and consideration of the type, amount and timing of dietary carbohydrate intake to optimize muscle and liver glycogen stores or to provide additional exogenous substrate. Although there is interest in ketogenic low‐carbohydrate high‐fat diets and exogenous ketone supplements to provide alternative fuels to spare muscle carbohydrate use, present evidence suggests a limited utility of these strategies. Mouth sensing of a range of food tastants (e.g., carbohydrate, quinine, menthol, caffeine, fluid, acetic acid) may provide a central nervous system derived boost to sports performance. Finally, despite decades of research on hypohydration and exercise capacity, there is still contention around their effect on sports performance and the best guidance around hydration for sporting events. A unifying model proposes that some scenarios require personalized fluid plans while others might be managed by an ad hoc approach (ad libitum or thirst‐driven drinking) to fluid intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Burke
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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135
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Jiang Y, Su Z, Lin Y, Xiong Y, Li C, Li J, Wang R, Zhong R, Cheng B, He J, Xie Z, Liang W. Prognostic and predictive impact of creatine kinase level in non-small cell lung cancer treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:3771-3781. [PMID: 34733627 PMCID: PMC8512461 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is associated with incident creatine kinase (CK) elevation in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, whether higher CK levels are associated with better antitumor responses or survival remains to be explored. We intend to investigate the clinical correlation between CK levels and TKI efficacy in advanced NSCLC. Methods In this retrospective study, we enrolled 135 patients with stage IV NSCLC receiving TKI-based therapy in our center between June 2012 to July 2020. CK levels were monitored from the initiation of TKI medication and during the administration period. An X-tile analysis provided the optimal cutoff point for higher baseline CK. Patients were identified and grouped according to their baseline CK level and fold changes during TKI therapy. The primary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and the objective response rate (ORR) was calculated as the secondary endpoint. Results Among the 135 patients included in our study, those with higher baseline CK levels (≥70 U/L) had favorable PFS (15.2 vs. 8.8 months; P=0.028), while patients with significantly elevated CK (the highest CK value/baseline CK value ≥2 times) appeared to gain better PFS (14.6 vs. 10.0 months; P=0.139). The overall ORR was 67.4%. Patients with higher baseline CK levels had numerically higher ORR (74.6% vs. 60.3%; P=0.076). Similarly, patients with significant CK elevation had a superior 4-month PFS rate (77.6% vs. 59.7%; P=0.029). Results from the subgroup analyses were identical to the overall ones. For patients with higher baseline CK levels, those experiencing significant CK elevation had prolonged PFS (17.2 vs. 14.2 months; P=0.038); a same trend was obtained from the lower baseline CK group (<70 U/L) (9.4 vs. 7.9 months; P=0.038). In multivariable analysis, higher baseline CK level and significant CK elevation remained statistically associated with PFS, with hazard ratios of 0.48 and 0.59, respectively. Conclusions Both higher baseline CK levels and significant CK elevation after treatment were correlated with prolonged PFS in NSCLC treated with TKIs, suggesting the potential prognostic and predictive impact of CK level on these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China.,Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixuan Su
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China.,Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuechun Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China.,Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaming Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caichen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfu Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runchen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China.,Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ran Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanhong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
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136
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Stapel B, Nösel P, Heitland I, Mahmoudi N, Lanfermann H, Kahl KG, Ding XQ. In vivo magnetic resonance spectrometry imaging demonstrates comparable adaptation of brain energy metabolism to metabolic stress induced by 72 h of fasting in depressed patients and healthy volunteers. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 143:422-428. [PMID: 34656874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by dysregulation of stress systems and by abnormalities in cerebral energy metabolism. Stress induction has been shown to impact neurometabolism in healthy individuals. Contrarily, neurometabolic changes in response to stress are insufficiently investigated in MDD patients. Metabolic stress was induced in MDD patients (MDD, N = 24) and in healthy individuals (CTRL, N = 22) by application of an established fasting protocol in which calorie intake was omitted for 72 h. Both study groups were comparable regarding age, gender distribution, and body mass index (BMI). Fasting-induced effects on brain high-energy phosphate levels and membrane phospholipid metabolism were assessed using phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS). Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs did not reveal significant interaction effects (group x fasting) or group differences in adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphocreatine (PCr), inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphomonoesters (PME), phosphodiesters (PDE), or pH levels between MDD and CTRL. Fasting, independent of group, significantly increased ATP and decreased Pi levels and an overall increase in PME/PDE ratio as marker for membrane turnover was observed. Overall these results indicate reactive changes in cerebral energetics and in membrane phospholipid metabolism in response to fasting. The observed effects did not significantly differ between CTRL and MDD, indicating that neurometabolic adaptation to metabolic stress is preserved in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Stapel
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - P Nösel
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - I Heitland
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - N Mahmoudi
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - H Lanfermann
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - K G Kahl
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - X Q Ding
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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137
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Balasch JC, Brandts I, Barría C, Martins MA, Tvarijonaviciute A, Tort L, Oliveira M, Teles M. Short-term exposure to polymethylmethacrylate nanoplastics alters muscle antioxidant response, development and growth in Sparus aurata. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 172:112918. [PMID: 34526262 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) plastic fragments have been found abundant in the environment, but the knowledge regarding its effects on the physiology of aquatic animals is still poorly studied. Here the short-term (96 h) effects of waterborne exposure to PMMA nanoplastics (PMMA-NPs) on the muscle of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fingerlings was evaluated at a concentration range that includes 0.001 up to 10 mg/L. The expression of key transcripts related to cell stress, tissue repair, immune response, antioxidant status and muscle development, together with several biochemical endpoints and metabolic parameters. Results indicate that exposure to PMMA-NPs elicit mildly antioxidant responses, enhanced the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and inhibited key regulators of muscle development (growth hormone receptors ghr-1/ghr-2 and myostatin, mstn-1 transcripts). However, no effects on pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β, il1β and tumor necrosis factor α, tnfα) expression nor on the levels of energetic substrates (glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol) were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Balasch
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Brandts
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Barría
- Programa de doctorado en Ciencias de la Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Puerto Montt, Chile; Centro de Investigación y Gestión de Recursos Naturales (CIGREN), Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M A Martins
- Department of Physics & CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis INTERLAB-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - L Tort
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Oliveira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Teles
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
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138
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Tran NT, Kelly SB, Snow RJ, Walker DW, Ellery SJ, Galinsky R. Assessing Creatine Supplementation for Neuroprotection against Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy: A Systematic Review of Perinatal and Adult Pre-Clinical Studies. Cells 2021; 10:2902. [PMID: 34831126 PMCID: PMC8616304 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an important unmet need to develop interventions that improve outcomes of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). Creatine has emerged as a promising neuroprotective agent. Our objective was to systematically evaluate the preclinical animal studies that used creatine for perinatal neuroprotection, and to identify knowledge gaps that need to be addressed before creatine can be considered for pragmatic clinical trials for HIE. METHODS We reviewed preclinical studies up to 20 September 2021 using PubMed, EMBASE and OVID MEDLINE databases. The SYRCLE risk of bias assessment tool was utilized. RESULTS Seventeen studies were identified. Dietary creatine was the most common administration route. Cerebral creatine loading was age-dependent with near term/term-equivalent studies reporting higher increases in creatine/phosphocreatine compared to adolescent-adult equivalent studies. Most studies did not control for sex, study long-term histological and functional outcomes, or test creatine post-HI. None of the perinatal studies that suggested benefit directly controlled core body temperature (a known confounder) and many did not clearly state controlling for potential study bias. CONCLUSION Creatine is a promising neuroprotective intervention for HIE. However, this systematic review reveals key knowledge gaps and improvements to preclinical studies that must be addressed before creatine can be trailed for neuroprotection of the human fetus/neonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhi Thao Tran
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia; (N.T.T.); (D.W.W.)
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia; (S.B.K.); (S.J.E.)
| | - Sharmony B. Kelly
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia; (S.B.K.); (S.J.E.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - Rod J. Snow
- Institute for Physical Activity & Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne 3125, Australia;
| | - David W. Walker
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia; (N.T.T.); (D.W.W.)
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia; (S.B.K.); (S.J.E.)
| | - Stacey J. Ellery
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia; (S.B.K.); (S.J.E.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - Robert Galinsky
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia; (S.B.K.); (S.J.E.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia
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139
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Pedersen EK, Dall J, Amdi C, Madsen JG. Guanidinoacetic acid as a feed supplement offered to weaned piglets. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09064702.2021.1984560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Kjersgaard Pedersen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Charlotte Amdi
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Johannes Gulmann Madsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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140
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Shuzhen L, Yang L, Wenhuan C, Zhimin C, Aijuan Z, Zedong W, Guohua L. Supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid and betaine improve growth performance and meat quality of ducks by accelerating energy metabolism. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1978336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Shuzhen
- The Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Wenhuan
- The Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhimin
- The Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Aijuan
- The Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Zedong
- The Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Guohua
- The Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Impaired cardiac energy metabolism has been proposed as a mechanism common to different heart failure aetiologies. The energy-depletion hypothesis was pursued by several researchers, and is still a topic of considerable interest. Unlike most organs, in the heart, the creatine kinase system represents a major component of the metabolic machinery, as it functions as an energy shuttle between mitochondria and cytosol. In heart failure, the decrease in creatine level anticipates the reduction in adenosine triphosphate, and the degree of myocardial phosphocreatine/adenosine triphosphate ratio reduction correlates with disease severity, contractile dysfunction, and myocardial structural remodelling. However, it remains to be elucidated whether an impairment of phosphocreatine buffer activity contributes to the pathophysiology of heart failure and whether correcting this energy deficit might prove beneficial. The effects of creatine deficiency and the potential utility of creatine supplementation have been investigated in experimental and clinical models, showing controversial findings. The goal of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview on the role of creatine in cardiac energy metabolism, the assessment and clinical value of creatine deficiency in heart failure, and the possible options for the specific metabolic therapy.
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142
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Ostojic SM, Korovljev D, Stajer V. Dietary intake of creatine and risk of medical conditions in U.S. older men and women: Data from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5746-5754. [PMID: 34646542 PMCID: PMC8498075 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined dietary intake of creatine in U.S. men and women aged 65 years and over, and evaluated the association between creatine intake and risk of self-reported medical conditions, and physical functioning/disability variables using data from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The NHANES 2017-2018 target population included the noninstitutionalized civilian resident population of the United States aged 65 years and over. Detailed dietary intake data from NHANES elderly were obtained by dietary interview component through a 24-h dietary recall interview, with estimated individual values for total grams of creatine consumed per day for each respondent. A threshold for dietary intake of creatine used to calculate risk between creatine intake and medical conditions was set at 1.00 g/day. The sample population included 1500 participants aged 65 years and older, of which 1221 individuals (627 men and 594 women) provided detailed dietary data via a dietary interview. Creatine intake across all participants was 0.76 ± 0.79 g/day (95% CI from 0.72 to 0.81). As much as 70% of U.S. elderly consume <1.00 g of creatine per day, with about 1 in 5 individuals (19.8%) consume no creatine at all. Elderly with the suboptimal intake of creatine were found to have 2.62 times higher risk of angina pectoris (adjusted OR = 2.62, 95% CI from 1.14 to 6.01, p = .023) and 2.59 times higher risk of liver conditions (adjusted OR = 2.59, 95% CI from 1.23 to 5.48, p = .013), compared with older counterparts who consume ≥1.00 g of creatine per day after controlling for demographic and nutritional variables. The considerable shortage of dietary creatine is associated with an increased risk of heart and liver conditions, which calls for public measures that foster diets rich in creatine-containing foods, and additional research to investigate the role of creatine in age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valdemar Stajer
- FSPE Applied Bioenergetics LabUniversity of Novi SadNovi SadSerbia
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143
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Petrosyan M, Arakelova E, Nersesova L, Ayvazyan V, Tsakanova G. In memory of Margarita Malakyan, a bright person and inquisitive scientist. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:308-313. [PMID: 34505825 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1976867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the contribution of Margarita Malakyan to the development of radiation biology in Armenia and how her multidisciplinary collaboration with chemists, physicists and biologists around the world led to the development of radioprotectors and radiosensitizers of different origins. CONCLUSION Margarita Malakyan was a very active and initiative woman, a radiobiologist, whose hard work and enthusiasm led to the establishment of a very constructive scientific network and to the development of newly synthesized metal compounds. During her short but very productive life, the synthesis, characterization, as well as toxicity and radioprotective studies of different compounds led to the suggestion of a number of metal complexes of Schiff bases as effective radioprotective agents and radiosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gohar Tsakanova
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia.,CANDLE Synchrotron Research Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
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144
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UPLC-MS/MS-Based Rat Serum Metabolomics Reveals the Detoxification Mechanism of Psoraleae Fructus during Salt Processing. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5597233. [PMID: 34567215 PMCID: PMC8457953 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5597233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Psoraleae Fructus (PF) is a botanical medicine widely used in Asian countries, of which salt products have higher safety and efficacy. However, the biological mechanism of the detoxification of salt-processing Psoraleae Fructus (SPF) has not yet been revealed. In this study, UPLC-MS/MS technology was used to explore the metabolic differences between SPF and PF in normal rats and reveal the mechanism of salt processing. The histopathological results of rat liver and kidney showed that the degree of liver and kidney injure in the SPF group was less than that in the PF group. The results of metabolomics showed that the detoxification mechanism of PF by salt processing might be related to glycerophospholipid metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism. PF-induced inflammation could be reduced by regulating the expression of metabolites to achieve the purpose of salt processing and detoxification. It included reducing the production of metabolites such as 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, tyrosine, arginine, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and phenylacetylglycine/hippuric acid ratio and upregulating the expression of metabolites such as creatine.
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145
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Yanibada B, Hohenester U, Pétéra M, Canlet C, Durand S, Jourdan F, Ferlay A, Morgavi DP, Boudra H. Milk metabolome reveals variations on enteric methane emissions from dairy cows fed a specific inhibitor of the methanogenesis pathway. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:12553-12566. [PMID: 34531049 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabolome profiling in biological fluids is an interesting approach for exploring markers of methane emissions in ruminants. In this study, a multiplatform metabolomics approach was used for investigating changes in milk metabolic profiles related to methanogenesis in dairy cows. For this purpose, 25 primiparous Holstein cows at similar lactation stage were fed the same diet supplemented with (treated, n = 12) or without (control, n = 13) a specific antimethanogenic additive that reduced enteric methane production by 23% with no changes in intake, milk production, and health status. The study lasted 6 wk, with sampling and measures performed in wk 5 and 6. Milk samples were analyzed using 4 complementary analytical methods, including 2 untargeted (nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer) and 2 targeted (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector) approaches. After filtration, variable selection and normalization data from each analytical platform were then analyzed using multivariate orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis. All 4 analytical methods were able to differentiate cows from treated and control groups. Overall, 38 discriminant metabolites were identified, which affected 10 metabolic pathways including methane metabolism. Some of these metabolites such as dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylsulfone, and citramalic acid, detected by nuclear magnetic resonance or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods, originated from the rumen microbiota or had a microbial-host animal co-metabolism that could be associated with methanogenesis. Also, discriminant milk fatty acids detected by targeted gas chromatography were mostly of ruminal microbial origin. Other metabolites and metabolic pathways significantly affected were associated with AA metabolism. These findings provide new insight on the potential role of milk metabolites as indicators of enteric methane modifications in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédict Yanibada
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Vetagro Sup, UMRH, 63122, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Ulli Hohenester
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Vetagro Sup, UMRH, 63122, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Mélanie Pétéra
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cécile Canlet
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31027, Toulouse, France; Axiom Platform, MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Durand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabien Jourdan
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Ferlay
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Vetagro Sup, UMRH, 63122, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Diego P Morgavi
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Vetagro Sup, UMRH, 63122, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
| | - Hamid Boudra
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Vetagro Sup, UMRH, 63122, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
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146
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Slow Off-Rate Modified Aptamer (SOMAmer) Proteomic Analysis of Patient-Derived Malignant Glioma Identifies Distinct Cellular Proteomes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179566. [PMID: 34502484 PMCID: PMC8431317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas derive from brain glial cells and represent >75% of primary brain tumors. This includes anaplastic astrocytoma (grade III; AS), the most common and fatal glioblastoma multiforme (grade IV; GBM), and oligodendroglioma (ODG). We have generated patient-derived AS, GBM, and ODG cell models to study disease mechanisms and test patient-centered therapeutic strategies. We have used an aptamer-based high-throughput SOMAscan® 1.3K assay to determine the proteomic profiles of 1307 different analytes. SOMAscan® proteomes of AS and GBM self-organized into closely adjacent proteomes which were clearly distinct from ODG proteomes. GBM self-organized into four proteomic clusters of which SOMAscan® cluster 4 proteome predicted a highly inter-connected proteomic network. Several up- and down-regulated proteins relevant to glioma were successfully validated in GBM cell isolates across different SOMAscan® clusters and in corresponding GBM tissues. Slow off-rate modified aptamer proteomics is an attractive analytical tool for rapid proteomic stratification of different malignant gliomas and identified cluster-specific SOMAscan® signatures and functionalities in patient GBM cells.
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147
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Steinritz D, Lüling R, Siegert M, Mückter H, Popp T, Reinemer P, Gudermann T, Thiermann H, John H. Alkylation of rabbit muscle creatine kinase surface methionine residues inhibits enzyme activity in vitro. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:3253-3261. [PMID: 34396457 PMCID: PMC8448711 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Creatine kinase (CK) catalyzes the formation of phosphocreatine from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine. The highly reactive free cysteine residue in the active site of the enzyme (Cys283) is considered essential for the enzymatic activity. In previous studies we demonstrated that Cys283 is targeted by the alkylating chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard (SM) yielding a thioether with a hydroxyethylthioethyl (HETE)-moiety. In the present study, the effect of SM on rabbit muscle CK (rmCK) activity was investigated with special focus on the alkylation of Cys283 and of reactive methionine (Met) residues. For investigation of SM-alkylated amino acids in rmCK, micro liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization high-resolution tandem-mass spectrometry measurements were performed using the Orbitrap technology. The treatment of rmCK with SM resulted in a decrease of enzyme activity. However, this decrease did only weakly correlate to the modification of Cys283 but was conclusive for the formation of Met70-HETE and Met179-HETE. In contrast, the activity of mutants of rmCK produced by side-directed mutagenesis that contained substitutions of the respective Met residues (Met70Ala, Met179Leu, and Met70Ala/Met179Leu) was highly resistant against SM. Our results point to a critical role of the surface exposed Met70 and Met179 residues for CK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Steinritz
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany. .,Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (LMU), Goethestraße 33, 80366, Munich, Germany. .,Bundeswehr Medical Service Academy, Ingolstädter Straße 240, 80939, Munich, Germany.
| | - Robin Lüling
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany.,Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (LMU), Goethestraße 33, 80366, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Siegert
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany.,Proteros Biostructures GmbH, Bunsenstraße 7a, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Harald Mückter
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (LMU), Goethestraße 33, 80366, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Popp
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Reinemer
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany.,AM1 Ventures GmbH, Fasanenstraße 27a, 81247, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (LMU), Goethestraße 33, 80366, Munich, Germany
| | - Horst Thiermann
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Harald John
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
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Pino MG, Rich KA, Kolb SJ. Update on Biomarkers in Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Biomark Insights 2021; 16:11772719211035643. [PMID: 34421296 PMCID: PMC8371741 DOI: 10.1177/11772719211035643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of disease modifying therapies for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has created an urgent need to identify clinically meaningful biomarkers. Biomarkers present a means to measure and evaluate neurological disease across time. Changes in biomarkers provide insight into disease progression and may reveal biologic, physiologic, or pharmacologic phenomena occurring prior to clinical detection. Efforts to identify biomarkers for SMA, a genetic motor neuron disease characterized by motor neuron degeneration and weakness, have culminated in a number of putative molecular and physiologic markers that evaluate biological media (eg, blood and cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]) or nervous system function. Such biomarkers include SMN2 copy number, SMN mRNA and protein levels, neurofilament proteins (NFs), plasma protein analytes, creatine kinase (CK) and creatinine (Crn), and various electrophysiology and imaging measures. SMN2 copy number inversely correlates with disease severity and is the best predictor of clinical outcome in untreated individuals. SMN mRNA and protein are commonly measured in the blood or CSF of patients receiving SMA therapies, particularly those aimed at increasing SMN protein expression, and provide insight into current disease state. NFs have proven to be robust prognostic, disease progression, and pharmacodynamic markers for SMA infants undergoing treatment, but less so for adolescents and adults. Select plasma proteins are altered in SMA individuals and may track response to therapy. CK and Crn from blood correlate with motor function and disease severity status and are useful for predicting which individuals will respond to therapy. Electrophysiology measures comprise the most reliable means for monitoring motor function throughout disease course and are sensitive enough to detect neuromuscular changes before overt clinical manifestation, making them robust predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers. Finally, magnetic resonance imaging and muscle ultrasonography are non-invasive techniques for studying muscle structure and physiology and are useful diagnostic tools, but cannot reliably track disease progression. Importantly, biomarkers can provide information about the underlying mechanisms of disease as well as reveal subclinical disease progression, allowing for more appropriate timing and dosing of therapy for individuals with SMA. Recent therapeutic advancements in SMA have shown promising results, though there is still a great need to identify and understand the impact of biomarkers in modulating disease onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan G Pino
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State
University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kelly A Rich
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State
University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephen J Kolb
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State
University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and
Pharmacology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH,
USA
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Chronic Dialysis Patients Are Depleted of Creatine: Review and Rationale for Intradialytic Creatine Supplementation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082709. [PMID: 34444869 PMCID: PMC8400647 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is great need for the identification of new, potentially modifiable risk factors for the poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and of the excess risk of mortality in dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients. Creatine is an essential contributor to cellular energy homeostasis, yet, on a daily basis, 1.6–1.7% of the total creatine pool is non-enzymatically degraded to creatinine and subsequently lost via urinary excretion, thereby necessitating a continuous supply of new creatine in order to remain in steady-state. Because of an insufficient ability to synthesize creatine, unopposed losses to the dialysis fluid, and insufficient intake due to dietary recommendations that are increasingly steered towards more plant-based diets, hemodialysis patients are prone to creatine deficiency, and may benefit from creatine supplementation. To avoid problems with compliance and fluid balance, and, furthermore, to prevent intradialytic losses of creatine to the dialysate, we aim to investigate the potential of intradialytic creatine supplementation in improving outcomes. Given the known physiological effects of creatine, intradialytic creatine supplementation may help to maintain creatine homeostasis among dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients, and consequently improve muscle status, nutritional status, neurocognitive status, HRQoL. Additionally, we describe the rationale and design for a block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. The aim of the pilot study is to explore the creatine uptake in the circulation and tissues following different creatine supplementation dosages.
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Yau-Qiu ZX, Madrid-Gambin F, Brennan L, Palou A, Rodríguez AM. Leptin Supplementation During Lactation Restores Key Liver Metabolite Levels Malprogrammed by Gestational Calorie Restriction. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001046. [PMID: 33900028 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Perinatal nutritional factors can program offspring metabolic phenotype and risk to obesity. This study investigates the potential role of leptin supplementation (during lactation) in ameliorating the malprogrammed effects caused by mild maternal calorie restriction during gestation, on young rat offspring liver metabolic response. METHODS AND RESULTS Untargeted and targeted metabolomics studies on liver samples are performed by NMR and GC-MS, respectively. Global DNA methylation and the expression by RT-PCR of key genes involved in different pathways are also determined. By NMR, 15 liver metabolites are observed to be altered in the offspring of gestational calorie-restricted dams (CR group), at days 25-27 of life. Physiological leptin supplementation during lactation partially reverted the effect of CR condition for most of these metabolites. Moreover, targeted fatty acid analysis by GC-MS shows a significant decrease in the hepatic concentration of certain very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) in CR offspring, partially or totally reverted by leptin supplementation. No remarkable changes are found in global DNA methylation or mRNA expression. CONCLUSION Physiological leptin supplementation during lactation contributes to the reversion of changes caused by maternal mild calorie restriction on the liver metabolome. This agrees with a putative role of leptin supplementation preventing or reversing metabolic disturbances caused by gestational metabolic malprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xin Yau-Qiu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics and obesity), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Francisco Madrid-Gambin
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, Conway Institute, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, Conway Institute, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics and obesity), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ana María Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics and obesity), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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