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Hagens MHJ, Golla SSV, Janssen B, Vugts DJ, Beaino W, Windhorst AD, O’Brien-Brown J, Kassiou M, Schuit RC, Schwarte LA, de Vries HE, Killestein J, Barkhof F, van Berckel BNM, Lammertsma AA. The P2X 7 receptor tracer [ 11C]SMW139 as an in vivo marker of neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis: a first-in man study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 47:379-389. [PMID: 31705174 PMCID: PMC6974509 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04550-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The novel PET tracer [11C]SMW139 binds with high affinity to the P2X7 receptor, which is expressed on pro-inflammatory microglia. The purposes of this first in-man study were to characterise pharmacokinetics of [11C]SMW139 in patients with active relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and healthy controls (HC) and to evaluate its potential to identify in vivo neuroinflammation in RRMS. Methods Five RRMS patients and 5 age-matched HC underwent 90-min dynamic [11C]SMW139 PET scans, with online continuous and manual arterial sampling to generate a metabolite-corrected arterial plasma input function. Tissue time activity curves were fitted to single- and two-tissue compartment models, and the model that provided the best fits was determined using the Akaike information criterion. Results The optimal model for describing [11C]SMW139 kinetics in both RRMS and HC was a reversible two-tissue compartment model with blood volume parameter and with the dissociation rate k4 fixed to the whole-brain value. Exploratory group level comparisons demonstrated an increased volume of distribution (VT) and binding potential (BPND) in RRMS compared with HC in normal appearing brain regions. BPND in MS lesions was decreased compared with non-lesional white matter, and a further decrease was observed in gadolinium-enhancing lesions. In contrast, increased VT was observed in enhancing lesions, possibly resulting from disruption of the blood-brain barrier in active MS lesions. In addition, there was a high correlation between parameters obtained from 60- to 90-min datasets, although analyses using 60-min data led to a slight underestimation in regional VT and BPND values. Conclusions This first in-man study demonstrated that uptake of [11C]SMW139 can be quantified with PET using BPND as a measure for specific binding in healthy controls and RRMS patients. Additional studies are warranted for further clinical evaluation of this novel neuroinflammation tracer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00259-019-04550-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes H. J. Hagens
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandeep S. V. Golla
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bieneke Janssen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J. Vugts
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wissam Beaino
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert D. Windhorst
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert C. Schuit
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lothar A. Schwarte
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helga E. de Vries
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joep Killestein
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Bart N. M. van Berckel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan A. Lammertsma
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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102
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Godoy PA, Ramírez-Molina O, Fuentealba J. Exploring the Role of P2X Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1330. [PMID: 31787900 PMCID: PMC6854869 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have pointed to soluble oligomers of beta amyloid peptide (SOAβ) as the principal neurotoxic agents responsible for the generation of synaptotoxic events that can explain the main symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Among the toxic features associated with SOAβ, one of the most notorious is the formation of a non-selective pore-like structure in the plasma membrane, which may partly explain the overload of intracellular Ca2+. There is evidence that the pore causes leakage of key intracellular compounds, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), to the extracellular milieu. Extracellular ATP activates P2X receptors (P2XR), which are ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) widely expressed in both neuron and glial cells and act as neuromodulators of synaptic activity by promoting Ca2+ entry and facilitating neurotransmitter release. There is abundant evidence correlating the overexpression of these receptors to neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, thus opening the possibility that P2XR could potentiate the toxic mechanisms induced by SOAβ and contribute to intracellular Ca2+ overload in neurons and other mechanisms related to glial activation and inflammation. In this review, we correlate scientific evidence related to the main toxic effects induced by SOAβ and those that are mediated by purinergic P2XR. The data suggest that these purinergic receptors participate in the deleterious cellular and molecular effects of SOAβ that lead to the pathogenesis of AD. This information sheds light on the participation of new components in SOAβ toxicity that could be interesting as pharmacological targets for the development of molecular or chemical compounds able to modulate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Andrea Godoy
- Neuroactive Compounds Screening Laboratory,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Oscar Ramírez-Molina
- Neuroactive Compounds Screening Laboratory,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jorge Fuentealba
- Neuroactive Compounds Screening Laboratory,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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103
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Maha IF, Xie X, Zhou S, Yu Y, Liu X, Zahid A, Lei Y, Ma R, Yin F, Qian D. Skin metabolome reveals immune responses in yellow drum Nibea albiflora to Cryptocaryon irritans infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:661-674. [PMID: 31521785 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The yellow drum Nibea albiflora is less susceptible to Cryptocaryon irritans infection than is the case with other marine fishes such as Larimichthys crocea, Lateolabrax japonicus, and Pagrus major. To investigate further their resistance mechanism, we infected the N. albiflora with the C. irritans at a median lethal concentration of 2050 theronts/g fish. The skins of the infected and the uninfected fishes were sampled at 24 h and 72 h followed by an extensive analysis of metabolism. The study results revealed that there were 2694 potential metabolites. At 24 h post-infection, 12 metabolites were up-regulated and 17 were down-regulated whereas at 72 h post-infection, 22 metabolites were up-regulated and 26 were down-regulated. Pathway enrichment analysis shows that the differential enriched pathways were higher at 24 h with 22 categories and 58 subcategories (49 up, 9 down) than at 72 h whereby the differential enriched pathways were 6 categories and 8 subcategories (4 up, 4 down). In addition, the principal component analysis (PCA) plot shows that at 24 h the metabolites composition of infected group were separately clustered to uninfected group while at 72 h the metabolites composition in infected group were much closer to uninfected group. This indicated that C. irritans caused strong metabolic stress on the N. albiflora at 24 h and restoration of the dysregulated metabolic state took place at 72 h of infection. Also, at 72 h post infection a total of 17 compounds were identified as potential biomarkers. Furthermore, out of 2694 primary metabolites detected, 23 metabolites could be clearly identified and semi quantified with a known identification number and assigned into 66 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Most of the enriched KEGG pathways were mainly from metabolic pathway classes, including the metabolic pathway, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, purine metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis. Others were glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Moreover, out of the identified metabolites, only 6 metabolites were statistically differentially expressed, namely, L -glutamate (up-regulated) at 24 h was important for energy and precursor for other glutathiones and instruments of preventing oxidative injury; 15-hydroxy- eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), (S)-(-)-2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid, and adenine (up-regulated) at 72 h were important for anti-inflammatory and immune responses during infection; others were delta-valerolactam and betaine which were down-regulated compared to uninfected group at 72 h, might be related to immure responses including stimulation of immune system such as production of antibodies. Our results therefore further advance our understanding on the immunological regulation of N. albiflora during immune response against infections as they indicated a strong relationship between skin metabolome and C. irritans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivon F Maha
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo, 315832, PR China
| | - Xiao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo, 315832, PR China
| | - Suming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo, 315832, PR China
| | - Youbin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo, 315832, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo, 315832, PR China
| | - Aysha Zahid
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo, 315832, PR China
| | - Yuhua Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo, 315832, PR China
| | - Rongrong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo, 315832, PR China
| | - Fei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo, 315832, PR China.
| | - Dong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo, 315832, PR China.
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104
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The Host Immune System Facilitates Disseminated Staphylococcus aureus Disease Due to Phagocytic Attraction to Candida albicans during Coinfection: a Case of Bait and Switch. Infect Immun 2019; 87:IAI.00137-19. [PMID: 31451623 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00137-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections account for 15 to 50% of fatal bloodstream infections annually. These disseminated infections often arise without a defined portal of entry into the host but cause high rates of mortality. The fungus Candida albicans and the Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus can form polymicrobial biofilms on epithelial tissue, facilitated by the C. albicans adhesin encoded by ALS3 While a bacterium-fungus interaction is required for systemic infection, the mechanism by which bacteria disseminate from the epithelium to internal organs is unclear. In this study, we show that highly immunogenic C. albicans hyphae attract phagocytic cells, which rapidly engulf adherent S. aureus and subsequently migrate to cervical lymph nodes. Following S. aureus-loaded phagocyte translocation from the mucosal surface, S. aureus produces systemic disease with accompanying morbidity and mortality. Our results suggest a novel role for the host in facilitating a bacterium-fungus infectious synergy, leading to disseminated staphylococcal disease.
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105
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Bibic L, Herzig V, King GF, Stokes L. Development of High-Throughput Fluorescent-Based Screens to Accelerate Discovery of P2X Inhibitors from Animal Venoms. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2559-2567. [PMID: 31532206 PMCID: PMC7123434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Animal venoms can play an important role in drug discovery, as they are a rich source of evolutionarily tuned compounds that target a variety of ion channels and receptors. To date, there are six FDA-approved drugs derived from animal venoms, with recent work using high-throughput platforms providing a variety of new therapeutic candidates. However, high-throughput methods for screening animal venoms against purinoceptors, one of the oldest signaling receptor families, have not been reported. Here, we describe a variety of quantitative fluorescent-based high-throughput screening (HTS) cell-based assays for screening animal venoms against ligand-gated P2X receptors. A diverse selection of 180 venoms from arachnids, centipedes, hymenopterans, and cone snails were screened, analyzed, and validated, both analytically and pharmacologically. Using this approach, we performed screens against human P2X3, P2X4, and P2X7 using three different fluorescent-based dyes on stable cell lines and isolated the active venom components. Our HTS assays are performed in 96-well format and allow simultaneous screening of multiple venoms on multiple targets, improving testing characteristics while minimizing costs, specimen material, and testing time. Moreover, utilizing our assays and applying them to the other natural product libraries, rather than venoms, might yield other novel natural products that modulate P2X activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucka Bibic
- School
of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
| | - Volker Herzig
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, University of
Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Glenn F. King
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, University of
Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Leanne Stokes
- School
of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
- E-mail:
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106
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Homerin G, Jawhara S, Dezitter X, Baudelet D, Dufrénoy P, Rigo B, Millet R, Furman C, Ragé G, Lipka E, Farce A, Renault N, Sendid B, Charlet R, Leroy J, Phanithavong M, Richeval C, Wiart JF, Allorge D, Adriouch S, Vouret-Craviari V, Ghinet A. Pyroglutamide-Based P2X7 Receptor Antagonists Targeting Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Med Chem 2019; 63:2074-2094. [PMID: 31525963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This report deals with the design, the synthesis, and the pharmacological evaluation of pyroglutamide-based P2X7 antagonists. A dozen were shown to possess improved properties, among which inhibition of YO-PRO-1/TO-PRO-3 uptake and IL1β release upon BzATP activation of the receptor and dampening signs of DSS-induced colitis on mice, in comparison with reference antagonist GSK1370319A. Docking study and biological evaluation of synthesized compounds has highlighted new SAR, and low toxicity profiles of pyroglutamides herein described are clues for the finding of a usable h-P2X7 antagonist drug. Such a drug would raise the hope for a cure to many P2X7-dependent pathologies, including inflammatory, neurological, and immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Homerin
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Yncréa Hauts-de-France, UCLille, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie, Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), 13 rue de Toul, F-59046 Lille, France
| | - Samir Jawhara
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Dezitter
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, IFR114, 3 rue du Pr Laguesse, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Davy Baudelet
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Yncréa Hauts-de-France, UCLille, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie, Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), 13 rue de Toul, F-59046 Lille, France
| | - Pierrick Dufrénoy
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Yncréa Hauts-de-France, UCLille, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie, Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), 13 rue de Toul, F-59046 Lille, France
| | - Benoît Rigo
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Yncréa Hauts-de-France, UCLille, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie, Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), 13 rue de Toul, F-59046 Lille, France
| | - Régis Millet
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, IFR114, 3 rue du Pr Laguesse, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Christophe Furman
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, IFR114, 3 rue du Pr Laguesse, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Ragé
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, IFR114, 3 rue du Pr Laguesse, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Lipka
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques de Lille, F-59006 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Amaury Farce
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, IFR114, 3 rue du Pr Laguesse, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Renault
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, IFR114, 3 rue du Pr Laguesse, F-59006 Lille, France
| | - Boualem Sendid
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Rogatien Charlet
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Jordan Leroy
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Mélodie Phanithavong
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie & Génopathies, CHRU de Lille, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Blvd du Pr. J. Leclercq, CS 70001, F-59037 Lille, France
| | - Camille Richeval
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie & Génopathies, CHRU de Lille, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Blvd du Pr. J. Leclercq, CS 70001, F-59037 Lille, France
| | - Jean-François Wiart
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie & Génopathies, CHRU de Lille, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Blvd du Pr. J. Leclercq, CS 70001, F-59037 Lille, France
| | - Delphine Allorge
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie & Génopathies, CHRU de Lille, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Blvd du Pr. J. Leclercq, CS 70001, F-59037 Lille, France
| | - Sahil Adriouch
- INSERM U905, F-76183 Rouen, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, F-76183 Rouen, France
| | - Valérie Vouret-Craviari
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), F-06100 Nice, France.,University of Nice Cote d'Azur (UCA), F-06100 Nice, France
| | - Alina Ghinet
- CHRU de Lille, Faculté de Médecine-Pôle Recherche, Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, Place Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France.,Yncréa Hauts-de-France, UCLille, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie, Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), 13 rue de Toul, F-59046 Lille, France.,Faculty of Chemistry, "Al. I. Cuza" University of Iasi, Blvd Carol I, nr. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
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107
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Effects of nanoparticles on neuroinflammation in a mouse model of asthma. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 271:103292. [PMID: 31542455 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.103292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between chronic inflammation and neural dysfunction points to a link between the nervous and immune systems in the airways. In particular, environmental exposure to nanoparticles (NPs), defined as particulate matter having one dimension <100 nm, is associated with an enhanced risk of childhood and adult asthma. However, the impact of NPs on the neural response in asthma remains to be determined. This study determined the impact of NPs on neuroinflammation in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized mice were treated with saline (Sham), OVA challenged and exposed to 200 μg/m3 NPs 1 h a day for 3 days on days 21-23 in a closed-system chamber attached to a ultrasonic nebulizer. The effect of NPs on the levels of neuropeptides, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), TRPV4, P2 × 4, and P2 × 7 was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. NP exposure increased airway inflammation and responsiveness in OVA mice, and these increases were augmented in OVA plus NP-exposed mice. The lung tissue levels of TRPV1, TRPV4, P2 × 4, and P2 × 7 were increased in OVA mice, and these increases were augmented in OVA plus NP-exposed mice. The substance P, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were increased in OVA mice, and these increases were augmented in OVA plus NP-exposed mice. Bradykinin, ATP, and CGRP were dose dependently increased in NP-exposed normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. The calcium concentration was increased in NHBE cells exposed to NPs for 8 h. These results indicate that neuroinflammation can be involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma and that NPs can exacerbate asthma via neuromediator release.
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108
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Aouey B, Fares E, Chtourou Y, Bouchard M, Fetoui H. Lambda-cyhalothrin exposure alters purine nucleotide hydrolysis and nucleotidase gene expression pattern in platelets and liver of rats. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 311:108796. [PMID: 31421116 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a broad-spectrum pesticide widely used in agriculture throughout the world. This pesticide is considered a potential contaminant of surface and underground water as well as food, posing a risk to ecosystems and humans. In this sense, we decided to evaluate the activity of enzymes belonging to the purinergic system, which is linked with regulation of extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (Ado) molecules involved in the regulation of inflammatory response. However, there are no data concerning the effects of LCT exposure on the purinergic system, where extracellular nucleotides act as signaling molecules. The aim of this study was to evaluate nucleotide hydrolysis by E-NTPDase (ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase), Ecto-NPP (ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase), ecto-5'-nucleotidase and ecto-adenosine deaminase (E-ADA) in platelets and liver of adult rats on days 7, 30, 45 and 60 after daily gavage with 6.2 and 31.1 mg/kg bw of LCT. Gene expression patterns of NTPDases1-3 and 5'-nucleotidase were also determined in those tissues. In parallel, lambda-cyhalothrin metabolites [3-(2-chloro-3,3,3- trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane carboxylic acid (CFMP), 4-hydroxyphenoxybenzoic acid (4-OH-3-PBA), and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA)] were measured in plasma. Results showed that exposure rats to LCT caused a significant increase in the assessed enzymes activities. Gene expression pattern of ectonucleotidases further revealed a significant increase in E-NTPDase1, E-NTPDase2, and E-NTPDase3 mRNA levels after LCT administration at all times. A dose-dependent increase in LCT metabolite levels was also observed but there no significant variations in levels from weeks to week, suggesting steady-steady equilibrium. Correlation analyses revealed that LCT metabolites in the liver and plasma were positively correlated with the adenine nucleotides hydrolyzing enzyme, E-ADA and E-NPP activities in platelets and liver of rats exposed to lambda-cyhalothin. Our results show that LCT and its metabolites may affect purinergic enzymatic cascade and cause alterations in energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakhta Aouey
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health.LR17ES06, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Elghali Fares
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health.LR17ES06, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Chtourou
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health.LR17ES06, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Michèle Bouchard
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Chair in Toxicological Risk Assessment and Management, Institute of Research in Publish Health (IRSPUM), University of Montreal, Roger-Gaudry Building, U424, P.O. Box 6128, Main Station, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health.LR17ES06, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Rhein inhibits ATP-triggered inflammatory responses in rheumatoid rat fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105780. [PMID: 31376624 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and systemic inflammatory disorder, which may lead to joint disabilities. So far the pathogenesis of RA remains largely undetermined, and there are still no potent drugs for clinical treatment. Rhein, a natural bioactive anthraquinone derivative, exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities demonstrated by previous studies. Here we aimed to investigate the effects of rhein on ATP-induced inflammation responses in fibroblast-like synoviocytes isolated from a rat model of collagen induced arthritis (CIA). Our results showed that ATP triggered rapid cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]c) increase depending on extracellular Ca2+ entry. Given the major P2 subtypes expressed in rat synoviocytes were P2X4 and P2Y2 receptors, ATP-elicited calcium entry should be mainly resulted from activating P2X4. Interestingly, rhein could effectively block the ATP-induced [Ca2+]c increases in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, rhein also suppressed the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by ATP in synoviocytes that was resulted from P2X4-mediated Ca2+ entry. Brilliant blue G (BBG), which can block P2X4 receptor at high concentration, showed similar suppressive effects on above responses. Furthermore, in lipopolysaccharide-primed cells, application of ATP synergistically promoted the gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-6 and matrix metalloproteinase-9. Both rhein and BBG attenuated these inflammatory gene expressions enhanced by ATP. Above data together suggested a potential anti-arthritic role of rhein by inhibiting ATP-induced [Ca2+]c increase, ROS production and inflammatory gene expression targeting P2X4 in CIA rat synoviocytes, which will provide a novel insight in the therapy of RA.
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110
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Zhu G, Dai B, Chen Z, He L, Guo J, Dan Y, Liang S, Li G. Effects of chronic lead exposure on the sympathoexcitatory response associated with the P2X7 receptor in rat superior cervical ganglia. Auton Neurosci 2019; 219:33-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Abstract
P2X7 is a nonselective cation channel activated by extracellular ATP. P2X7 activation contributes to the proinflammatory response to injury or bacterial invasion and mediates apoptosis. Recently, P2X7 function has been linked to chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. P2X7 may contribute to pain modulation both by effects on peripheral tissue injury underlying clinical pain states, and through alterations in central nervous system processing, as suggested by animal models. To further test its role in pain sensitivity, we examined whether variation within the P2RX7 gene, which encodes the P2X7 receptor, was associated with experimentally induced pain in human patients. Experimental pain was assessed in Tromsø 6, a longitudinal and cross-sectional population-based study (N = 3016), and the BrePainGen cohort, consisting of patients who underwent breast cancer surgery (N = 831). For both cohorts, experimental pain intensity and tolerance were assessed with the cold-pressor test. In addition, multisite chronic pain was assessed in Tromsø 6 and pain intensity 1 week after surgery was assessed in BrePainGen. We tested whether the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs7958311, previously implicated in clinical pain, was associated with experimental and clinical pain phenotypes. In addition, we examined effects of single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs208294 and rs208296, for which previous results have been equivocal. Rs7958311 was associated with experimental pain intensity in the meta-analysis of both cohorts. Significant associations were also found for multisite pain and postoperative pain. Our results strengthen the existing evidence and suggest that P2X7 and genetic variation in the P2RX7-gene may be involved in the modulation of human pain sensitivity.
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112
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Franco M, Pérez-Méndez O, Kulthinee S, Navar LG. Integration of purinergic and angiotensin II receptor function in renal vascular responses and renal injury in angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. Purinergic Signal 2019; 15:277-285. [PMID: 31183668 PMCID: PMC6635571 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-019-09662-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular arteriolar vasoconstriction and tubulointerstitial injury are observed before glomerular damage occurs in models of hypertension. High interstitial ATP concentrations, caused by the increase in arterial pressure, alter renal mechanisms involved in the long-term control of blood pressure, autoregulation of glomerular filtration rate and blood flow, tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) responses, and sodium excretion. Elevated ATP concentrations and augmented expression of P2X receptors have been demonstrated under a genetic background or induction of hypertension with vasoconstrictor peptides. In addition to the alterations of the microcirculation in the hypertensive kidney, the vascular actions of elevated intrarenal angiotensin II levels may be mitigated by the administration of broad purinergic P2 antagonists or specific P2Y12, P2X1, and P2X7 receptor antagonists. Furthermore, the prevention of tubulointerstitial infiltration with immunosuppressor compounds reduces the development of salt-sensitive hypertension, indicating that tubulointerstitial inflammation is essential for the development and maintenance of hypertension. Inflammatory cells also express abundant purinergic receptors, and their activation by ATP induces cytokine and growth factor release that in turn contributes to augment tubulointerstitial inflammation. Collectively, the evidence suggests a pathophysiological activation of purinergic P2 receptors in angiotensin-dependent hypertension. Coexistent increases in intrarenal angiotensin II and activates Ang II AT1 receptors, which interacts with over-activated purinergic receptors in a complex manner, suggesting convergence of their post-receptor signaling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Franco
- Department of Nephrology, Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano No.1, 14080 Mexico City, DF Mexico
| | - Oscar Pérez-Méndez
- Department Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Supaporn Kulthinee
- Department of Physiology and Hypertension and Renal Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA USA
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Technology, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rangsit, Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - L. Gabriel Navar
- Department of Physiology and Hypertension and Renal Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA USA
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Schmidt A, Joussen S, Hausmann R, Gründer S, Wiemuth D. Bile acids are potent inhibitors of rat P2X2 receptors. Purinergic Signal 2019; 15:213-221. [PMID: 31098843 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-019-09657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) regulates a broad variety of physiological functions in a number of tissues partly via ionotropic P2X receptors. Therefore, P2X receptors are promising targets for the development of therapeutically active molecules. Bile acids are cholesterol-derived amphiphilic molecules; their primary function is the facilitation of efficient nutrient fat digestion. However, bile acids have also been shown to serve as signaling molecules and as modulators of different membrane proteins and receptors including ion channels. In addition, some P2X receptors are sensitive to structurally related steroid hormones. In this study, we systematically analyzed whether rat P2X receptors are affected by micromolar concentrations of different bile acids. The taurine-conjugated bile acids TLCA, THDCA, and TCDCA potently inhibited P2X2, whereas other P2X receptors were only mildly affected. Furthermore, stoichiometry and species origin of the P2X receptors affected the modulation by bile acids: in comparison to rat P2X2, the heteromeric P2X2/3 receptor was less potently modulated and the human P2X2 receptor was potentiated by TLCA. In summary, bile acids are a new class of P2X receptor modulators, which might be of physiological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schmidt
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Joussen
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Hausmann
- Molecular Pharmacology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Gründer
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dominik Wiemuth
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Descovi SN, Petrolli TG, da Silva AS, Baldisserotto B. Caffeine modulates brain purinergic signaling in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under hypoxia conditions: improvement of immune and inflammatory responses. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:551-560. [PMID: 30515653 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0592-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Purinergic signaling is linked to neurodegenerative and proinflammatory damage during pathological conditions such as hypoxia, but involvement of this pathway in brain damage in fish exposed to environmental hypoxia remains unknown, and we propose dietary supplementation with caffeine in order to improve the immune response. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate whether the enzymatic purinergic signaling pathway is associated with inflammatory brain damage in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to environmental hypoxia and whether dietary supplementation with caffeine (5% and 8%) can prevent these changes in purinergic signaling. Animals were randomly divided into six groups (A-F, n = 6 per group, in triplicate), as follows: groups A-C were submitted to normoxia, while groups D-F were submitted to hypoxia. Groups A and D received the basal diet, while groups B and D and groups C and F received a diet containing 5% and 8% caffeine, respectively, and fed with their respective diets for 21 days. After 21 days, aeration was disconnected (groups D-F) and the dissolved oxygen levels were maintained as follows: group A (6.55 ± 0.23 mg/L), group B (6.51 ± 0.24 mg/L), group C (6.58 ± 0.22 mg/L), group D (1.23 ± 0.11 mg/L), group E (1.20 ± 0.15 mg/L), and group F (1.18 ± 0.13 mg/L). Cerebral triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a substrate and 5'-nucleotidase activities decreased in fish exposed to 72 h of hypoxia compared with the normoxia group, while adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity and levels of nitric oxide (NOx) metabolites were higher. Dietary supplementation with 5% and 8% caffeine prevented all alterations elicited by hypoxia, with the exception of ADA activity in the case of 5% caffeine. Based on this evidence, our findings reveal that nucleotide/nucleoside hydrolysis is modified in the brains of fish exposed to 72 h of hypoxia, contributing to inflammatory damage, which apparently is mediated by excessive ATP content in the extracellular medium and by excessive NOx production. Also, the use of a diet containing 5% and 8% caffeine prevented these alterations (except 5% of dietary caffeine on ADA activity) and can be considered an interesting approach to preventing the impairment of immune and inflammatory responses elicited by hypoxia, principally the inclusion of 8% caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sharine N Descovi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago G Petrolli
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Xanxerê, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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115
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Antonioli L, Blandizzi C, Fornai M, Pacher P, Lee HT, Haskó G. P2X4 receptors, immunity, and sepsis. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2019; 47:65-74. [PMID: 30921560 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is life-threatening systemic organ dysfunction caused by a deregulated host response to an infectious insult. Currently, the treatment of sepsis is limited to the use of antibiotics, fluids, and cardiovascular/respiratory support. Despite these interventions, septic mortality remains high, with reduced life quality in survivors. For this reason, the identification of novel drug targets is a pressing task of modern pharmacology. According to a recent research, it appears that P2 purinergic receptors, which can regulate the host's response to infections, have been identified as potential targets for the treatment of sepsis. Among P2 receptors, the P2X4 receptor has recently captured the attention of the research community owing to its role in protecting against infections, inflammation, and organ injury. The present review provides an outline of the role played by P2X4 receptors in the modulation of the host's response to sepsis and the promise that targeting this receptor holds in the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Antonioli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Corrado Blandizzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Fornai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Pál Pacher
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - H Thomas Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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116
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Scarpellino G, Genova T, Munaron L. Purinergic P2X7 Receptor: A Cation Channel Sensitive to Tumor Microenvironment. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2019; 14:32-38. [DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666190116122256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Purinergic signalling is involved in several physiological and pathophysiological processes. P2X7 Receptor (P2X7R) is a calcium-permeable ion channel that is gaining interest as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of different diseases including inflammation, pain, psychiatric disorders and cancer. P2X7R is ubiquitously expressed and sensitive to high ATP levels, usually found in tumor microenvironment. P2X7R regulates several cell functions, from migration to cell death, but its selective contribution to tumor progression remains controversial.Objective:Current review was conducted to check involvement of P2X7R use in cancer treatment.Methods:We review the most recent patents focused on the use of P2X7R in the treatment of cancer.Results:P2X7R is an intriguing purinergic receptor that plays different roles in tumor progression.Conclusion:Powerful strategies able to selectively interfere with its expression and function should reveal helpful in the development of new anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Scarpellino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Tullio Genova
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Munaron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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117
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Yang R, Li L, Yuan H, Liu H, Gong Y, Zou L, Li S, Wang Z, Shi L, Jia T, Zhao S, Wu B, Yi Z, Gao Y, Li G, Xu H, Liu S, Zhang C, Li G, Liang S. Quercetin relieved diabetic neuropathic pain by inhibiting upregulated P2X 4 receptor in dorsal root ganglia. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:2756-2764. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
The upregulation of nociceptive ion channels expressed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) contributes to the development and retaining of diabetic pain symptoms. The flavonoid quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7‐pentahydroxyflavone) is a component extracted from various fruits and vegetables and exerts anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, anticarcinogenic, antiulcer, and antihypertensive effects. However, the exact mechanism underlying quercetin's analgesic action remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetin on diabetic neuropathic pain related to the P2X4 receptor in the DRG of type 2 diabetic rat model. Our data showed that both mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency in diabetic rats treated with quercetin were higher compared with those in untreated diabetic rats. The expression levels of P2X4 messenger RNA and protein in the DRG of diabetic rats were increased compared with the control rats, while quercetin treatment significantly inhibited such enhanced P2X4 expression in diabetic rats. The satellite glial cells (SGCs) enwrap the neuronal soma in the DRG. Quercetin treatment also lowered the elevated coexpression of P2X4 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (a marker of SGCs) and decreased the upregulation of phosphorylated p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in the DRG of diabetic rats. Quercetin significantly reduced the P2X4 agonist adenosine triphosphate‐activated currents in HEK293 cells transfected with P2X4 receptors. Thus, our data demonstrate that quercetin may decrease the upregulation of the P2X4 receptor in DRG SGCs, and consequently inhibit P2X4 receptor‐mediated p38MAPK activation to relieve the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runan Yang
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Huilong Yuan
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Yingxin Gong
- Clinical Department Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Lifang Zou
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Shunhua Li
- Clinical Department Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Zilin Wang
- Clinical Department Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Liran Shi
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Tianyu Jia
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Shanhong Zhao
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Zhihua Yi
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Guilin Li
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Shuangmei Liu
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
- Department of Cell Biology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Guodong Li
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
| | - Shangdong Liang
- Department of Physiology Medical School of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease Nanchang China
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118
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Tao J, Liu L, Fan Y, Wang M, Li L, Zou L, Yuan H, Shi L, Yang R, Liang S, Liu S. Role of hesperidin in P2X3 receptor-mediated neuropathic pain in the dorsal root ganglia. Int J Neurosci 2019; 129:784-793. [PMID: 30621504 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1567512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aim: This study investigated whether the neuronal P2X3 receptor in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) mediated the effects of hesperidin on neuropathic pain. Materials and methods: The chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was used as a model of neuropathic pain. The mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured. The mRNA and protein expression levels were assayed by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results: The results showed that mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in the CCI rats were increased as compared to those in the sham group. The expression levels of P2X3 mRNA and protein in CCI rats were higher than those in the sham group. Dual-labelling immunofluorescence showed that the elevated P2X3 receptor was co-expressed with the neuronal marker NeuN in the DRG of CCI rats. Hesperidin treatment decreased both the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, and upregulated P2X3 expression in the CCI rats. Hesperidin treatment also reduced the ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the DRG of CCI rats. Moreover, hesperidin inhibited the P2X3 agonist ATP-induced currents in HEK293 cells transfected with the P2X3 plasmid. Therefore, hesperidin treatment could reverse the elevated expression of neuronal P2X3 receptor and reduce the activation of ERK1/2 in the DRG of CCI rats. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that hesperidin inhibited the nociceptive transmission mediated by the P2X3 receptor in neurons of DRG, and thus, relieved the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in CCI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tao
- a Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China
| | - Li Liu
- a Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China
| | - Yang Fan
- b Class 152 of Prevention , Grade 2015, School of Public Health of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China
| | - Mengke Wang
- c Department of Physiology , Medical School of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China.,d Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease , Nanchang , PR China
| | - Lin Li
- c Department of Physiology , Medical School of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China.,d Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease , Nanchang , PR China
| | - Lifang Zou
- c Department of Physiology , Medical School of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China.,d Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease , Nanchang , PR China
| | - Huilong Yuan
- c Department of Physiology , Medical School of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China.,d Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease , Nanchang , PR China
| | - Liran Shi
- c Department of Physiology , Medical School of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China.,d Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease , Nanchang , PR China
| | - Runan Yang
- c Department of Physiology , Medical School of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China.,d Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease , Nanchang , PR China
| | - Shangdong Liang
- c Department of Physiology , Medical School of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China.,d Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease , Nanchang , PR China
| | - Shuangmei Liu
- c Department of Physiology , Medical School of Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China.,d Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease , Nanchang , PR China
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Nurkhametova D, Kudryavtsev I, Guselnikova V, Serebryakova M, Giniatullina RR, Wojciechowski S, Tore F, Rizvanov A, Koistinaho J, Malm T, Giniatullin R. Activation of P2X7 Receptors in Peritoneal and Meningeal Mast Cells Detected by Uptake of Organic Dyes: Possible Purinergic Triggers of Neuroinflammation in Meninges. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:45. [PMID: 30814932 PMCID: PMC6381076 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP activates inflammasome and triggers the release of multiple cytokines in various immune cells, a process primarily mediated by P2X7 receptors. However, the expression and functional properties of P2X7 receptors in native mast cells in tissues such as meninges where migraine pain originates from have not been explored. Here we report a novel model of murine cultured meningeal mast cells and using these, as well as easily accessible peritoneal mast cells, studied the mechanisms of ATP-mediated mast cell activation. We show that ATP induced a time and dose-dependent activation of peritoneal mast cells as analyzed by the uptake of organic dye YO-PRO1 as well as 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Both YO-PRO1 and DAPI uptake in mast cells was mediated by the P2X7 subtype of ATP receptors as demonstrated by the inhibitory effect of P2X7 antagonist A839977. Consistent with this, significant YO-PRO1 uptake was promoted by the P2X7 agonist 2′,3′-O-(benzoyl-4-benzoyl)-ATP (BzATP). Extracellular ATP-induced degranulation of native and cultured meningeal mast cells was shown with Toluidine Blue staining. Taken together, these data demonstrate the important contribution of P2X7 receptors to ATP-driven activation of mast cells, suggesting these purinergic mechanisms as potential triggers of neuroinflammation and pain sensitization in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilyara Nurkhametova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Igor Kudryavtsev
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Fundamental Medicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Valeriia Guselnikova
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of General and Special Morphology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria Serebryakova
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Raisa R Giniatullina
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sara Wojciechowski
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fatma Tore
- School of Medicine, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Department of Exploratory Research, Scientific and Educational Center of Pharmaceutics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Malm
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rashid Giniatullin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Sebastián-Serrano Á, de Diego-García L, di Lauro C, Bianchi C, Díaz-Hernández M. Nucleotides regulate the common molecular mechanisms that underlie neurodegenerative diseases; Therapeutic implications. Brain Res Bull 2019; 151:84-91. [PMID: 30721769 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are a heterogeneous group of neurological disorders characterized by a progressive loss of neuronal function which results in neuronal death. Although a specific toxic factor has been identified for each ND, all of them share common pathological molecular mechanisms favouring the disease development. In the final stages of ND, patients become unable to take care of themselves and decline to a total functional incapacitation that leads to their death. Some of the main factors which contribute to the disease progression include proteasomal dysfunction, neuroinflammation, synaptic alterations, protein aggregation, and oxidative stress. Over recent years, evidence has been accumulated to suggest that purinergic signaling plays a key role in the aforementioned molecular pathways. In this review, we revise the implications of the purinergic signaling in the common molecular mechanism underlying the ND. In particular, we focus on the role of the purinergic receptors P2X7, P2Y2 and the ectoenzyme tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Sebastián-Serrano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura de Diego-García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Caterina di Lauro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Bianchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Díaz-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain.
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McCloskey KD. The detrusor-free bladder - it can still hold its water. J Physiol 2018; 597:1427-1428. [PMID: 30578677 DOI: 10.1113/jp277268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karen D McCloskey
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
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122
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Role of purinergic receptors in the Alzheimer's disease. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:331-344. [PMID: 30362042 PMCID: PMC6298926 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-018-9629-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Etiology of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is not fully understood. Different pathological processes are considered, such as amyloid deposition, tau protein phosphorylation, oxidative stress (OS), metal ion disregulation, or chronic neuroinflammation. Purinergic signaling is involved in all these processes, suggesting the importance of nucleotide receptors (P2X and P2Y) and adenosine receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, A3) present on the CNS cells. Ecto-purines, ecto-pyrimidines, and enzymes participating in their metabolism are present in the inter-cellular spaces. Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in brain induces the ATP release into the extra-cellular space, which in turn stimulates the P2X7 receptors. Activation of P2X7 results in the increased synthesis and release of many pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, activation of P2X7 leads to the decreased activity of α-secretase, while activation of P2Y2 receptor has an opposite effect. Simultaneous inhibition of P2X7 and stimulation of P2Y2 would therefore be the efficient way of the α-secretase activation. Activation of P2Y2 receptors present in neurons, glia cells, and endothelial cells may have a positive neuroprotective effect in AD. The OS may also be counteracted via the purinergic signaling. ADP and its non-hydrolysable analogs activate P2Y13 receptors, leading to the increased activity of heme oxygenase, which has a cytoprotective activity. Adenosine, via A1 and A2A receptors, affects the dopaminergic and glutaminergic signaling, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF), and also changes the synaptic plasticity (e.g., causing a prolonged excitation or inhibition) in brain regions responsible for learning and memory. Such activity may be advantageous in the Alzheimer’s disease.
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Effect of Essential Oils from Ginger ( Zingiber officinale) and Turmeric ( Curcuma longa) Rhizomes on Some Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cadmium Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats. J Toxicol 2018; 2018:4109491. [PMID: 30402094 PMCID: PMC6196928 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4109491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have revealed that anti-inflammatory agents could provide beneficial effect in lowering the incidence/progression of neurological diseases. Hence, this study sought to investigate the effect of essential oils from Nigeria ginger and turmeric rhizomes on some cytokines in cadmium induced neurotoxicity. The result revealed that essential oil from ginger and turmeric rhizomes exerts anti-inflammatory effect by preventing alterations of some cytokines/inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-Alpha) levels and inhibits both hippocampus and prefrontal cortex acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities (important enzymes relevant in the management/prevention of neurodegenerative diseases) in Cd treated rats. In conclusion, essential oil from ginger and turmeric rhizomes exerts anti-inflammatory properties in Cd induced neurotoxicity. The observed effect could be due to the volatile compounds as revealed by GC-MS analysis.
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Nurkhametova D, Kudryavtsev I, Khayrutdinova O, Serebryakova M, Altunbaev R, Malm T, Giniatullin R. Purinergic Profiling of Regulatory T-cells in Patients With Episodic Migraine. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:326. [PMID: 30319363 PMCID: PMC6167492 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Immune responses in migraine are poorly characterized, yet implicated in the disease pathogenesis. This study was carried out to characterize purinergic profiles of T-cells in patients with episodic migraine without aura (MWoA) to provide mechanistic evidence for ATP and adenosine involvement in modulation of immune regulation in migraine. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from patients with migraine (n = 16) and age-matched control subjects (n = 21). Subsets of T-cells were identified by flow cytometry based on specific membrane markers. Results: Migraine patients showed reduced total T-cell counts in the peripheral blood. Whereas the total number of CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, or regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) was not changed, the proportion of Treg CD45R0+CD62L- and CD45R0-CD62L- cells was increased. Interestingly, in migraine, less Treg cells expressed CD39 and CD73 suggesting disrupted ATP breakdown to adenosine. The negative correlations were observed between the duration of migraine and the relative number of CD73+CD39- Tregs and total number of CD73-positive CD45R0+CD62L+ Tregs. Conclusion: Obtained data indicate that T-cell populations are altered in episodic migraine and suggest the involvement of Tregs in the pathophysiology of this disorder. Reduced expression of CD39 and CD73 suggests promotion of ATP-dependent pro-inflammatory and reduction of adenosine-mediated anti-inflammatory mechanisms in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilyara Nurkhametova
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Igor Kudryavtsev
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Olga Khayrutdinova
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Maria Serebryakova
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Rashid Altunbaev
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Tarja Malm
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rashid Giniatullin
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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125
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NLRP3 Inflammasome and IL-33: Novel Players in Sterile Liver Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092732. [PMID: 30213101 PMCID: PMC6163521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In sterile liver inflammation, danger signals are released in response to tissue injury to alert the immune system; e.g., by activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Recently, IL-33 has been identified as a novel type of danger signal or “alarmin”, which is released from damaged and necrotic cells. IL-33 is a pleiotropic cytokine that targets a broad range of immune cells and exhibits pro- and anti-inflammatory properties dependent on the disease. This review summarizes the immunomodulatory roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-33 in sterile liver inflammation and highlights potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways in liver disease.
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Yuan H, Ouyang S, Yang R, Li S, Gong Y, Zou L, Jia T, Zhao S, Wu B, Yi Z, Liu H, Shi L, Li L, Gao Y, Li G, Xu H, Liu S, Zhang C, Liang S. Osthole alleviated diabetic neuropathic pain mediated by the P2X4 receptor in dorsal root ganglia. Brain Res Bull 2018; 142:289-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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The P2X4 purinergic receptor regulates hepatic myofibroblast activation during liver fibrogenesis. J Hepatol 2018; 69:644-653. [PMID: 29802948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver fibrosis is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix produced by hepatic myofibroblasts (hMF), the activation of which is critical to the fibrogenic process. Extracellular ATP, released by dying or stressed cells, and its purinergic receptors, constitute a powerful signaling network after injury. Although the purinergic receptor P2X4 (P2RX4) is highly expressed in the liver, its functions in hMF had never been investigated during liver fibrogenesis. METHODS In vivo, bile duct ligation was performed and methionine- and choline-deficient diet administered in wild-type and P2x4 knock-out (P2x4-KO) mice. In vitro, hMF were isolated from mouse (wild-type and P2x4-KO) and human liver. P2X4 pharmacological inhibition (in vitro and in vivo) and P2X4 siRNAs (in vitro) were used. Histological, biochemical and cell culture analysis allowed us to study P2X4 expression and its involvement in the regulation of fibrogenic and fibrolytic factors, as well as of hMF activation markers and properties. RESULTS P2X4 genetic invalidation or pharmacological inhibition protected mice from liver fibrosis and hMF accumulation after bile duct ligation or methionine- and choline-deficient diet. Human and mouse hMFs expressed P2X4, mainly in lysosomes. Invalidation of P2X4 in human and mouse hMFs blunted their activation marker expression and their fibrogenic properties. Finally, we showed that P2X4 regulates calcium entry and lysosomal exocytosis in hMF, impacting on ATP release, profibrogenic secretory profile, and transcription factor activation. CONCLUSION P2X4 expression and activation is critical for hMF to sustain their activated and fibrogenic phenotype. Therefore, the inactivation of P2X4 may be of therapeutic interest during liver fibrotic diseases. LAY SUMMARY During chronic injury, the liver often repairs with fibrotic tissue, which impairs liver function, and for which there is currently no treatment. We found that a previously unexplored pathway involving the purinergic receptor P2X4, can modulate fibrotic liver repair. Therefore, this receptor could be of interest in the development of novel therapies for fibrotic liver diseases.
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128
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Experimental infection of cattle with Listeria monocytogenes: Participation of purinergic metabolism in disease pathogenesis. Microb Pathog 2018; 122:25-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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129
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Zeppenfeld CC, Garzon LR, Descovi SN, Da Silva AS, Stefani LM, Baldisserotto B. Purinergic signalling displays a pro-inflammatory profile in spleen and splenic lymphocytes of Rhamdia quelen fed with a diet contaminated by fungal mycotoxin: Involvement on disease pathogenesis. Microb Pathog 2018; 123:449-453. [PMID: 30086344 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The spleen is an important secondary lymphatic organ that plays a key role in the immune and inflammatory responses of teleost fish. The purinergic signalling has been associated to these types of responses under pathological conditions by the regulation of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its metabolite adenosine (Ado), where both exert potent pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory profiles, respectively. The exact pathway involved on the immunotoxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in fish fed with diets containing this mycotoxin remains poorly understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether purinergic signalling exerts anti or pro-inflammatory effects in spleen and splenic lymphocytes of Rhamdia quelen fed with a diet contaminated by AFB1. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) activity (ATP as substrate) decreased in spleen and splenic lymphocytes of fish fed with an AFB1-contaminated diet on day 21 post-feeding compared to fish fed with a basal diet; while adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity increased. No differences were observed between groups or over time regarding NTPDase (adenosine diphosphate as substrate) and 5'-nucleotidase activities. In summary, the purinergic signalling can be a pathway involved in the impairment of the immune and inflammatory responses in fish fed with an AFB1-contaminated diet, contributing to the immunotoxic effects of AFB1 in spleens of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristina Zeppenfeld
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Litiérri R Garzon
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sharine N Descovi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Purinergic system as a potential target for inflammation and toxicity induced by thymol in immune cells and tissues. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 452:105-110. [PMID: 30066040 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thymol is a phytochemical component present in many plants used as food additive in order to promote animal growth due to its several biological properties. However, possible side effects of thymol remain poorly known limited to few reports. In this sense, we evaluated the enzymes of the purinergic signaling such as, ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase), 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase (ADA), that play an important role on toxicity induced by excessive adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content in the extracellular environment. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether purinergic signaling could be considered a potential target of thymol-induced inflammation, and the toxicity in tissues and immune cells of mice after thymol administration. NTPDase activity (ATP as substrate) in serum, spleen, and splenic lymphocytes was lower after 30 days of oral treatment at doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg of thymol, while ADA activity was stimulated at 20 and 40 mg/kg. No differences were observed between groups regarding NTPDase (ADP as substrate) and 5'-nucleotidase activities in all evaluated tissues. Based on these evidences, adenine nucleotide hydrolysis is modified in serum, spleen, and splenic lymphocytes of mice treated with thymol, contributing to inflammation and toxicity by a reduction on ATP hydrolyses and its possible accumulation in the extracellular medium and increased Ado desamination and its possible reduction in the extracellular environment, leading to a self-sustained pro-inflammatory deleterious cycle. In summary, all tested thymol concentrations induced inflammation and toxicity in tissues and immune cells of treated mice.
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131
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Zhao L, Dong M, Wang D, Ren M, Zheng Y, Zheng H, Li C, Gao H. Characteristic Metabolic Alterations Identified in Primary Neurons Under High Glucose Exposure. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:207. [PMID: 30065632 PMCID: PMC6056731 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is a central nervous system (CNS) complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that is characterized by impaired memory and cognitive ability. An in-depth understanding of metabolic alterations in the brain associated with DM will facilitate our understanding of the pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction. The present study used an in vitro culture of primary neurons in a high-glucose (HG) environment to investigate characteristic alterations in neuron metabolism using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomics. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was also used to measure changes in the adenosine phosphate levels in the hippocampal regions of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Our results revealed significant elevations in phosphocholine and ATP production in neurons and decreased formate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), tyrosine, methionine, acetate and phenylalanine levels after HG treatment. However, the significant changes in lactate, glutamate, taurine and myo-inositol levels in astrocytes we defined previously in astrocytes, were not found in neurons, suggested cell-specific metabolic alterations. We also confirmed an astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle between different compartments in the brain under HG conditions, which was accompanied by abnormal acetate transport. These alterations reveal specific information on the metabolite levels and transport processes related to neurons under diabetic conditions. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the metabolic alterations and underlying pathogenesis of cognitive decline in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangcai Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Minjian Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengqian Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Medicine of School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongchang Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Ramirez GA, Coletto LA, Sciorati C, Bozzolo EP, Manunta P, Rovere-Querini P, Manfredi AA. Ion Channels and Transporters in Inflammation: Special Focus on TRP Channels and TRPC6. Cells 2018; 7:E70. [PMID: 29973568 PMCID: PMC6070975 DOI: 10.3390/cells7070070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergy and autoimmune diseases are characterised by a multifactorial pathogenic background. Several genes involved in the control of innate and adaptive immunity have been associated with diseases and variably combine with each other as well as with environmental factors and epigenetic processes to shape the characteristics of individual manifestations. Systemic or local perturbations in salt/water balance and in ion exchanges between the intra- and extracellular spaces or among tissues play a role. In this field, usually referred to as elementary immunology, novel evidence has been recently acquired on the role of members of the transient potential receptor (TRP) channel family in several cellular mechanisms of potential significance for the pathophysiology of the immune response. TRP canonical channel 6 (TRPC6) is emerging as a functional element for the control of calcium currents in immune-committed cells and target tissues. In fact, TRPC6 influences leukocytes’ tasks such as transendothelial migration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and cytokine release. TRPC6 also modulates the sensitivity of immune cells to apoptosis and influences tissue susceptibility to ischemia-reperfusion injury and excitotoxicity. Here, we provide a view of the interactions between ion exchanges and inflammation with a focus on the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases and potential future therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe A Ramirez
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Lavinia A Coletto
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Clara Sciorati
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Enrica P Bozzolo
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Nephrology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Angelo A Manfredi
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Immunity, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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Pacheco PAF, Dantas LP, Ferreira LGB, Faria RX. Purinergic receptors and neglected tropical diseases: why ignore purinergic signaling in the search for new molecular targets? J Bioenerg Biomembr 2018; 50:307-313. [PMID: 29882206 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-018-9761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purinergic receptors are widespread in the human organism and are involved in several physiological functions like neurotransmission, nociception, platelet aggregation, etc. In the immune system, they may regulate the expression and release of pro-inflammatory factors as well as the activation and death of several cell types. It is already described the participation of some purinergic receptors in the inflammation and pathological processes, such as a few neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) which affect more than 1 billion people in the world. Although the high social influence those diseases represent endemic countries, most of them do not have an efficient, safe or affordable drug treatment. In that way, this review aims to discuss the current literature involving purinergic receptor and immune response to NTDs pathogens, which may contribute in the search for new therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A F Pacheco
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - L P Dantas
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Biology Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - L G B Ferreira
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson Xavier Faria
- Laboratory of Toxoplasmosis and other Protozoans, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Toxoplasmose e outras Protozooses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, sala 32; Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21045-900, Brazil.
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134
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CD39 and CD73 in the aortic valve-biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis in valve cell populations and its changes in valve mineralization. Cardiovasc Pathol 2018; 36:53-63. [PMID: 30056298 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a common heart pathology that involves inflammation, fibrosis, and calcification of aortic valve leaflets. All these processes could be affected by changes in the extracellular purinergic signaling that depend on the activity of ectonucleotidases, mainly ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (CD39, eNTPD1) and ecto-5'nucleotidase (CD73, e5NT). OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We investigated the localization of CD39 and CD73 proteins in human noncalcified and calcified aortic valves using immunohistochemistry together with analysis of NTPDases and e5NT activities in aortic valve homogenates by analysis of substrate into product conversion by high-performance liquid chromatography. We also measured the rates of extracellular nucleotide catabolism on the surface of isolated cultured aortic valve endothelial (hAVECs) and interstitial cells (hAVICs) as well as characterized cellular CD39 and CD73 distribution. RESULTS In noncalcified valves, CD39 and CD73 were expressed in both endothelial and interstitial cells, while in calcified valves, the expressions of CD39 and CD73 were significantly down-regulated with the exception of calcified regions where the expression of CD73 was maintained. This correlated with activities in valve homogenates. NTPDase was reduced by 35% and e5NT activity by 50% in calcified vs. noncalcified valve. CD39 and CD73 were present mainly in the cell membrane of hAVECs, but in hAVICs, these proteins were also present intracellularly. The rates of extracellular adenosine triphosphate and adenosine monophosphate hydrolysis in isolated hAVECs and hAVICs were comparable. CONCLUSION The presence of ectonucleotidases in valves and especially in aortic valve interstitial cells highlights important local role of purinergic signaling and metabolism. Changes in the local expression and hence the activity of CD39 and CD73 in calcified valves suggest their potential role in CAVD.
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Xu F, Yang J, Lu F, Liu R, Zheng J, Zhang J, Cui W, Wang C, Zhou W, Wang Q, Chen X, Chen J. Fast Green FCF Alleviates Pain Hypersensitivity and Down-Regulates the Levels of Spinal P2X4 Expression and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in a Rodent Inflammatory Pain Model. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:534. [PMID: 29875666 PMCID: PMC5974208 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast Green FCF (FGF), a biocompatible dye, recently drew attention as a potential drug to treat amyloid-deposit diseases due to its effects against amyloid fibrillogenesis in vitro and a high degree of safety. However, its role in inflammatory pain is unknown. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of FGF in the inflammatory pain model induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) and to identify the associated mechanisms. We found that systemic administration of FGF reversed mechanical and thermal pain hypersensitivity evoked by CFA in a dose-dependent manner. FGF treatment decreased purinergic spinal P2X4 expression in the spinal cord of CFA-inflamed mice. FGF also down-regulated spinal and peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)], but did not alter the spinal level of nerve growth factor (NGF) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). In conclusion, our results suggest the potential of FGF for controlling the progress of inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, The Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, The Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fan Lu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, The Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Rongjun Liu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, The Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinwei Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Junfang Zhang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, The Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, The Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, The Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenhua Zhou
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, The Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, The Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, The Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Junping Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
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136
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Tu YM, Gong CX, Ding L, Liu XZ, Li T, Hu FF, Wang S, Xiong CP, Liang SD, Xu H. A high concentration of fatty acids induces TNF-α as well as NO release mediated by the P2X4 receptor, and the protective effects of puerarin in RAW264.7 cells. Food Funct 2018; 8:4336-4346. [PMID: 28937704 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00544j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Circulating levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) are often found to be increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS). High plasma FFA levels may give rise to maladaptive macrophage activation and promote inflammatory responses, which has been proposed as a potential mechanism for the development of DM and MS. P2X4 receptor (P2X4R), a ligand-gated cation channel activated by extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), plays a primary role in the regulation of inflammatory responses. Puerarin has been reported to possess potential anti-inflammatory activity. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of puerarin and the underlying molecular mechanisms in a setting of a high concentration of FFAs remain unknown. In this study, we found that a high concentration of FFAs increased the expression of P2X4R, cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and induced the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and the release of TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 macrophages. Such a high concentration FFA-induced inflammation may be reversed by the P2X4R selective antagonist 5-BDBD, which manifests the important role of P2X4R in the TNF-α and NO release caused by the high concentration of FFAs in RAW264.7 cells. Molecular docking data showed that puerarin could interfere with the activation of P2X4R by forming hydrogen bonding towards residue Arg267, an important residue essential for the canonical activation of P2X4R. Treatment with puerarin dose-dependently reduced high concentration FFA-elevated P2X4R expression and inhibited P2X4R-mediated inflammatory signalling, including high concentration FFA-evoked [Ca2+]i, ERK phosphorylation, expression of TNF-α and iNOS mRNA and release of TNF-α and NO. Our findings emphasize the critical role of P2X4R in high concentration FFA-induced TNF-α and NO release of RAW264.7 macrophages. Puerarin notably counteracts these high concentration FFA-induced adverse effects through its inhibition of P2X4R expression and P2X4R-mediated inflammatory signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ming Tu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Janssen B, Vugts DJ, Wilkinson SM, Ory D, Chalon S, Hoozemans JJM, Schuit RC, Beaino W, Kooijman EJM, van den Hoek J, Chishty M, Doméné A, Van der Perren A, Villa A, Maggi A, Molenaar GT, Funke U, Shevchenko RV, Baekelandt V, Bormans G, Lammertsma AA, Kassiou M, Windhorst AD. Identification of the allosteric P2X 7 receptor antagonist [ 11C]SMW139 as a PET tracer of microglial activation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6580. [PMID: 29700413 PMCID: PMC5920098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24814-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The P2X7 receptor plays a significant role in microglial activation, and as a potential drug target, the P2X7 receptor is also an interesting target in positron emission tomography. The current study aimed at the development and evaluation of a potent tracer targeting the P2X7 receptor, to which end four adamantanyl benzamide analogues with high affinity for the human P2X7 receptor were labelled with carbon-11. All four analogues could be obtained in excellent radiochemical yield and high radiochemical purity and molar activity, and all analogues entered the rat brain. [11C]SMW139 showed the highest metabolic stability in rat plasma, and showed high binding to the hP2X7 receptor in vivo in a hP2X7 receptor overexpressing rat model. Although no significant difference in binding of [11C]SMW139 was observed between post mortem brain tissue of Alzheimer's disease patients and that of healthy controls in in vitro autoradiography experiments, [11C]SMW139 could be a promising tracer for P2X7 receptor imaging using positron emission tomography, due to high receptor binding in vivo in the hP2X7 receptor overexpressing rat model. However, further investigation of both P2X7 receptor expression and binding of [11C]SMW139 in other neurological diseases involving microglial activation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bieneke Janssen
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Danielle J Vugts
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dieter Ory
- Laboratory for Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Chalon
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Jeroen J M Hoozemans
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C Schuit
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wissam Beaino
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther J M Kooijman
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan van den Hoek
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mansoor Chishty
- Pharmidex Pharmaceutical Services Ltd., London, United Kingdom
| | - Aurélie Doméné
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Anke Van der Perren
- Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alessandro Villa
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Maggi
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ger T Molenaar
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- BV Cyclotron VU, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Uta Funke
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory for Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- BV Cyclotron VU, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Veerle Baekelandt
- Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Bormans
- Laboratory for Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adriaan A Lammertsma
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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138
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Menzel S, Schwarz N, Haag F, Koch-Nolte F. Nanobody-Based Biologics for Modulating Purinergic Signaling in Inflammation and Immunity. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:266. [PMID: 29636685 PMCID: PMC5880931 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) are released as danger signals from cells during infection and sterile inflammation. In the extracellular compartment ATP is converted by CD39, CD73, and other ecto-enzymes into metabolites that modulate the activity of T cells and macrophages. While ATP mediates pro-inflammatory signals via P2X7 and other P2 receptors, adenosine triggers anti-inflammatory signaling via the adenosine 2a receptor (Adora2a) and other P1 receptors. The latter also plays a role in maintaining an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. NAD+ is converted by CD38, CD203 and other ecto-enzymes to the Ca2+ mobilizing messengers cyclic ADP-ribose and ADP-ribose, and to adenosine. Recent findings on the roles of CD38, CD39, CD73, CD203, P2X7, and Adora2a in inflammation and immunity underscore the potential of these proteins as drug targets. However, available small molecule inhibitors often lack specificity and mediate unwanted off-target toxicity. Nanobodies – single domain antibodies derived from heavy chain antibodies that naturally occur in camelids – display a propensity to bind functional epitopes not accessible to conventional antibodies. Like conventional antibodies, nanobodies and nanobody-based biologics are highly specific and have well-understood, tunable in vivo pharmacodynamics with little if any toxicity. Nanobodies thus represent attractive alternatives to small molecule inhibitors for modulating purinergic signaling in inflammation and immunity. Here we review recent progress made in developing nanobodies against key targets of purinergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Menzel
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Schwarz
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Haag
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Koch-Nolte
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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139
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Burnstock G, Knight GE. The potential of P2X7 receptors as a therapeutic target, including inflammation and tumour progression. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:1-18. [PMID: 29164451 PMCID: PMC5842154 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven P2X ion channel nucleotide receptor subtypes have been cloned and characterised. P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) are unusual in that there are extra amino acids in the intracellular C terminus. Low concentrations of ATP open cation channels sometimes leading to cell proliferation, whereas high concentrations of ATP open large pores that release inflammatory cytokines and can lead to apoptotic cell death. Since many diseases involve inflammation and immune responses, and the P2X7R regulates inflammation, there has been recent interest in the pathophysiological roles of P2X7R and the potential of P2X7R antagonists to treat a variety of diseases. These include neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, epilepsy and a number of diseases of peripheral organs, including the cardiovascular, airways, kidney, liver, bladder, skin and musculoskeletal. The potential of P2X7R drugs to treat tumour progression is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Gillian E Knight
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
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140
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Golombieski JI, Seben D, Sippert LR, Salbego J, Marchesan E, Zanella R, Baldisserotto B. Purinergic signaling as potential target of thiamethoxam-induced neurotoxicity using silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) as experimental model. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 449:39-45. [PMID: 29480347 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3340-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thiamethoxam is a broad-spectrum pesticide widely used in agricultural practice throughout the world. Worryingly, this pesticide is considered a potential contaminant on the surface and underground water, being a significant risk to aquatic ecosystems and humans. In this sense, we decided to evaluate the activity of enzymes belonging to purinergic system, which is linked with regulation of extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides, as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (Ado) molecules involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. Such as the neurotoxic effects of thiamethoxam remain poorly understood, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether purinergic signaling may be considered a potential target of thiamethoxam-induced neurotoxicity in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Brain ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (ATP as substrate) and 5'-nucleotidases activities were inhibited at 3.75 µg L-1 after 24 h of exposure and at 1.125 and 3.75 µg L-1 after 96 h of exposure compared with the control group. On the other hand, brain adenosine deaminase activity was stimulated at 3.75 µg L-1 after 24 h of exposure and at 1.125 and 3.75 µg L-1 after 96 h of exposure compared with the control group. Brain ATP levels increased at 3.75 µg L-1 after 24 h of exposure and at 1.125 and 3.75 µg L-1 after 96 h of exposure compared with the control group, while the Ado levels decreased. The enzymatic activity of the purinergic signaling did not return to control levels after a 48-h recovery period, revealing the potential neurotoxic effects of thiamethoxam. In summary, the brain purinergic signaling may be considered a potential target for thiamethoxam-induced neurotoxicity in silver catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline I Golombieski
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Débora Seben
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia R Sippert
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Joseânia Salbego
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Enio Marchesan
- Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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141
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Liu CL, Deng ZY, Du ER, Xu CS. Long non‑coding RNA BC168687 small interfering RNA reduces high glucose and high free fatty acid‑induced expression of P2X7 receptors in satellite glial cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5851-5859. [PMID: 29436679 PMCID: PMC5866030 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signaling contributes to inflammatory and immune responses. The activation of the P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2X7) in satellite glial cells (SGCs) may be an essential component in the promotion of inflammation and neuropathic pain. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a small interfering RNA for the lncRNA BC168687 on SGC P2X7 expression in a high glucose and high free fatty acids (HGHF) environment. It was demonstrated that BC168687 small interfering (si)RNA downregulated the co-expression of the P2X7 and glial fibrillary acidic protein and P2X7 mRNA expression. Additionally, HGHF may activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway by increasing the release of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in SGCs. Taken together, these results indicate that silencing BC168687 expression may downregulate the increased expression of P2X7 receptors in SGCs induced by a HGHF environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Long Liu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Yu Deng
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Er-Rong Du
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Shui Xu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Purinergic signaling modulates the splenic inflammatory response in silver catfish naturally infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:1169-1173. [PMID: 29417271 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The spleen is an immune lymphatic organ linked with control of the immune response, which is important to fish health. Recent evidence has suggested the involvement of purinergic signaling in the modulation of immune and inflammatory responses through the nucleotide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the nucleoside adenosine (Ado), which are regulated by the enzymes nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase), 5'-nucleotidase, and adenosine deaminase (ADA). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether purinergic signaling can modulate the immune and inflammatory responses in the spleen of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) naturally infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Splenic NTPDase and 5'-nucleotidase activities increased in infected animals compared with uninfected animals, while the splenic ADA activity decreased. These data indicate that purinergic signaling can modulate the splenic immune and inflammatory responses through the regulation of ATP and Ado levels, which are known to participate in the physiological and pathological responses as pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecules, respectively. In summary, modulation of the splenic purinergic cascade has an anti-inflammatory role in reducing or preventing inflammatory damage.
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143
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ATP-mediated Events in Peritubular Cells Contribute to Sterile Testicular Inflammation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1431. [PMID: 29362497 PMCID: PMC5780482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19624-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritubular myoid cells, which form the walls of seminiferous tubules in the testis, are functionally unexplored. While they transport sperm and contribute to the spermatogonial stem cell niche, specifically their emerging role in the immune surveillance of the testis and in male infertility remains to be studied. Recently, cytokine production and activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) were uncovered in cultured peritubular cells. We now show that human peritubular cells express purinergic receptors P2RX4 and P2RX7, which are functionally linked to TLRs, with P2RX4 being the prevalent ATP-gated ion channel. Subsequent ATP treatment of cultured peritubular cells resulted in up-regulated (pro-)inflammatory cytokine expression and secretion, while characteristic peritubular proteins, that is smooth muscle cell markers and extracellular matrix molecules, decreased. These findings indicate that extracellular ATP may act as danger molecule on peritubular cells, able to promote inflammatory responses in the testicular environment.
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Zuccarini M, Giuliani P, Buccella S, Di Liberto V, Mudò G, Belluardo N, Carluccio M, Rossini M, Condorelli DF, Rathbone MP, Caciagli F, Ciccarelli R, Di Iorio P. Modulation of the TGF-β1-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) mediated by P1 and P2 purine receptors in MDCK cells. Purinergic Signal 2017; 13:429-442. [PMID: 28616713 PMCID: PMC5714834 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurs during embryogenesis or under pathological conditions such as hypoxia, injury, chronic inflammation, or tissue fibrosis. In renal tubular epithelial cells (MDCK), TGF-β1 induces EMT by reducing or increasing epithelial or mesenchymal marker expression, respectively. In this study, we confirmed that the cAMP analogues, 8-CPT-cAMP or N6-Ph-cAMP, inhibited the TGF-β1-driven overexpression of the mesenchymal markers ZEB-1, Slug, Fibronectin, and α-SMA. Furthermore, we showed that A1, A2A, P2Y1, P2Y11, and P2X7 purine receptor agonists modulated the TGF-β1-induced EMT through the involvement of PKA and/or MAPK/ERK signaling. The stimulation of A2A receptor reduced the overexpression of the EMT-related markers, mainly through the cAMP-dependent PKA pathway, as confirmed by cell pre-treatment with Myr-PKI. Both A1 and P2Y1 receptor stimulation exacerbated the TGF-β1-driven effects, which were reduced by cell pre-treatment with the MAPK inhibitor PD98059, according to the increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation upon receptor activation. The effects induced by P2Y11 receptor activation were oppositely modulated by PKA or MAPK inhibition, in line with the dual nature of the Gs- and Gq-coupled receptor. Differently, P2X7 receptor induced, per se, similar and not additive effects compared to TGF-β1, after prolonged cell exposure to BzATP. These results suggest a putative role of purine receptors as target for anti-fibrotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, "G.d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Patricia Giuliani
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, "G.d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvana Buccella
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, "G.d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Liberto
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Natale Belluardo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marzia Carluccio
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, "G.d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Margherita Rossini
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, "G.d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Michel Piers Rathbone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Francesco Caciagli
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, "G.d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Renata Ciccarelli
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, "G.d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Di Iorio
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, "G.d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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145
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Purinergic system displays an anti-inflammatory profile in serum of silver catfish experimentally infected with Streptococcus agalactiae: An attempt to ameliorate the inflammatory response. Microb Pathog 2017; 114:193-196. [PMID: 29196169 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The purinergic system is recognized to modulate extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and related nucleotides through the activities of triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase), 5'-nucleotidase, and adenosine deaminase (ADA), thereby playing an essential role in the immunoregulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the purinergic system can improve the inflammatory response in fish experimentally infected with Streptococcus agalactiae through the modulation of seric NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and ADA activities. Seric NTPDase (ATP as substrate) and 5'-nucleotidase activities increased in silver catfish experimentally infected with S. agalactiae compared with the uninfected control group, while seric ADA activity decreased. Based on this evidence, our findings suggest that regulation of adenine nucleotide hydrolysis occurs in an attempt to restrict the inflammatory process and improve the immune system by hydrolyzing excess extracellular ATP. On the other hand, downregulation of seric ADA activity may be an attempt to augment extracellular adenosine (a molecule with anti-inflammatory effects) levels. In summary, the purinergic system is capable of modulating the immune and inflammatory responses during fish streptococcosis.
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146
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Verma R, Cronin CG, Hudobenko J, Venna VR, McCullough LD, Liang BT. Deletion of the P2X4 receptor is neuroprotective acutely, but induces a depressive phenotype during recovery from ischemic stroke. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 66:302-312. [PMID: 28751018 PMCID: PMC5650951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.07.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute ischemic injury leads to severe neuronal loss. One of the key mechanisms responsible for this effect is inflammation, which is characterized by the activation of myeloid cells, including resident microglia and infiltrating monocytes/macrophages. P2X4 receptors (P2X4Rs) present on these immune cells modulate the inflammatory response. For example, excessive release of adenosine triphosphate during acute ischemic stroke triggers stimulation of P2X4Rs, leading to myeloid cell activation and proliferation and further exacerbating post-ischemic inflammation. In contrast, during recovery P2X4Rs activation on microglia leads to the release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which alleviate depression, maintain synaptic plasticity and hasten post-stroke behavioral recovery. Therefore, we hypothesized that deletion of the P2X4R specifically from myeloid cells would have differential effects on acute versus chronic recovery following stroke. METHODS We subjected global or myeloid-specific (MS) P2X4R knock-out (KO) mice and wild-type littermates of both sexes to right middle cerebral artery occlusion (60min). We performed histological, behavioral (sensorimotor and depressive), and biochemical (quantitative PCR and flow cytometry) analyses to determine the acute (three days after occlusion) and chronic (30days after occlusion) effects of receptor deletion. RESULTS Global P2X4R deletion led to reduced infarct size in both sexes. In MS P2X4R KO mice, only females showed reduced infarct size, an effect that did not change with ovariectomy. MS P2X4R KO mice of both sexes showed swift recovery from sensorimotor deficits during acute recovery but exhibited a more pronounced post-stroke depressive behavior phenotype that was independent of infarct size. Quantitative PCR analysis of whole cell lysate as well as flow-sorted myeloid cells from the perilesional cortex showed increased cellular interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) mRNA levels but reduced plasma levels of these cytokines in MS P2X4R KO mice after stroke. The expression levels of BDNF and other depression-associated genes were reduced in MS P2X4R KO mice after stroke. CONCLUSIONS P2X4R deletion protects against stroke acutely but predisposes to depression-like behavior chronically after stroke. Thus, a time-sensitive approach should be considered when targeting P2X4Rs after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Verma
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
| | - Chunxia G Cronin
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Jacob Hudobenko
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Venugopal R Venna
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Louise D McCullough
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bruce T Liang
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
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Souza CF, Baldissera MD, Bottari NB, Moreira KLS, da Rocha MIUM, da Veiga ML, Santos RCV, Baldisserotto B. Purinergic signaling modulates the cerebral inflammatory response in experimentally infected fish with Streptococcus agalactiae: an attempt to improve the immune response. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 443:131-138. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3217-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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148
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Rabadi M, Kim M, Li H, Han SJ, Choi Y, D'Agati V, Lee HT. ATP induces PAD4 in renal proximal tubule cells via P2X7 receptor activation to exacerbate ischemic AKI. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F293-F305. [PMID: 29021225 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00364.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that renal tubular peptidylarginine deiminase-4 (PAD4) is induced after ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and this induction of PAD4 exacerbates ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) by promoting renal tubular inflammation and neutrophil infiltration. However, the mechanisms of renal tubular PAD4 induction after IR remain unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that ATP, a proinflammatory danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) ligand released from necrotic cells after IR injury, induces renal tubular PAD4 and exacerbates ischemic AKI via P2 purinergic receptor activation. ATP as well as ATPγS (a nonmetabolizable ATP analog) induced PAD4 mRNA, protein, and activity in human and mouse renal proximal tubule cells. Supporting the hypothesis that ATP induces renal tubular PAD4 via P2X7 receptor activation, A804598 (a selective P2X7 receptor antagonist) blocked the ATP-mediated induction of renal tubular PAD4 whereas BzATP (a selective P2X7 receptor agonist) mimicked the effects of ATP by inducing renal tubular PAD4 expression and activity. Moreover, ATP-mediated calcium influx in renal proximal tubule cells was blocked by A804598 and was mimicked by BzATP. P2X7 activation by BzATP also induced PAD4 expression and activity in mouse kidney in vivo. Finally, supporting a critical role for PAD4 in P2X7-mediated exacerbation of renal injury, BzATP exacerbated ischemic AKI in PAD4 wild-type mice but not in PAD4-deficient mice. Taken together, our studies show that ATP induces renal tubular PAD4 via P2X7 receptor activation to exacerbate renal tubular inflammation and injury after IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Rabadi
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University , New York, New York
| | - Mihwa Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University , New York, New York
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University , New York, New York
| | - Sang Jun Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University , New York, New York
| | - Yewoon Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University , New York, New York
| | - Vivette D'Agati
- Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University , New York, New York
| | - H Thomas Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University , New York, New York
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149
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Burnstock G. Purinergic Signalling: Therapeutic Developments. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:661. [PMID: 28993732 PMCID: PMC5622197 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signalling, i.e., the role of nucleotides as extracellular signalling molecules, was proposed in 1972. However, this concept was not well accepted until the early 1990's when receptor subtypes for purines and pyrimidines were cloned and characterised, which includes four subtypes of the P1 (adenosine) receptor, seven subtypes of P2X ion channel receptors and 8 subtypes of the P2Y G protein-coupled receptor. Early studies were largely concerned with the physiology, pharmacology and biochemistry of purinergic signalling. More recently, the focus has been on the pathophysiology and therapeutic potential. There was early recognition of the use of P1 receptor agonists for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia and A2A receptor antagonists are promising for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Clopidogrel, a P2Y12 antagonist, is widely used for the treatment of thrombosis and stroke, blocking P2Y12 receptor-mediated platelet aggregation. Diquafosol, a long acting P2Y2 receptor agonist, is being used for the treatment of dry eye. P2X3 receptor antagonists have been developed that are orally bioavailable and stable in vivo and are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of chronic cough, bladder incontinence, visceral pain and hypertension. Antagonists to P2X7 receptors are being investigated for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Other investigations are in progress for the use of purinergic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis, myocardial infarction, irritable bowel syndrome, epilepsy, atherosclerosis, depression, autism, diabetes, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical SchoolLondon, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, MelbourneVIC, Australia
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150
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Burnstock G. Purinergic Signaling in the Cardiovascular System. Circ Res 2017; 120:207-228. [PMID: 28057794 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is nervous control of the heart by ATP as a cotransmitter in sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory-motor nerves, as well as in intracardiac neurons. Centers in the brain control heart activities and vagal cardiovascular reflexes involve purines. Adenine nucleotides and nucleosides act on purinoceptors on cardiomyocytes, AV and SA nodes, cardiac fibroblasts, and coronary blood vessels. Vascular tone is controlled by a dual mechanism. ATP, released from perivascular sympathetic nerves, causes vasoconstriction largely via P2X1 receptors. Endothelial cells release ATP in response to changes in blood flow (via shear stress) or hypoxia, to act on P2 receptors on endothelial cells to produce nitric oxide, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, or prostaglandins to cause vasodilation. ATP is also released from sensory-motor nerves during antidromic reflex activity, to produce relaxation of some blood vessels. Purinergic signaling is involved in the physiology of erythrocytes, platelets, and leukocytes. ATP is released from erythrocytes and platelets, and purinoceptors and ectonucleotidases are expressed by these cells. P1, P2Y1, P2Y12, and P2X1 receptors are expressed on platelets, which mediate platelet aggregation and shape change. Long-term (trophic) actions of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides and nucleotides promote migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells via P1 and P2Y receptors during angiogenesis, vessel remodeling during restenosis after angioplasty and atherosclerosis. The involvement of purinergic signaling in cardiovascular pathophysiology and its therapeutic potential are discussed, including heart failure, infarction, arrhythmias, syncope, cardiomyopathy, angina, heart transplantation and coronary bypass grafts, coronary artery disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, hypertension, ischemia, thrombosis, diabetes mellitus, and migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- From the Autonomic Neuroscience Institute, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
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