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Wang Y, Yao T, Lin Y, Ge H, Huang B, Gao Y, Wu J. Association between gut microbiota and pan-dermatological diseases: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization research. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1327083. [PMID: 38562964 PMCID: PMC10982508 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1327083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbiota has been associated with dermatological problems in earlier observational studies. However, it is unclear whether gut microbiota has a causal function in dermatological diseases. Methods Thirteen dermatological diseases were the subject of bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) research aimed at identifying potential causal links between gut microbiota and these diseases. Summary statistics for the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) of gut microbiota and dermatological diseases were obtained from public datasets. With the goal of evaluating the causal estimates, five acknowledged MR approaches were utilized along with multiple testing corrections, with inverse variance weighted (IVW) regression serving as the main methodology. Regarding the taxa that were causally linked with dermatological diseases in the forward MR analysis, reverse MR was performed. A series of sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the causal estimates. Results The combined results of the five MR methods and sensitivity analysis showed 94 suggestive and five significant causal relationships. In particular, the genus Eubacterium_fissicatena_group increased the risk of developing psoriasis vulgaris (odds ratio [OR] = 1.32, pFDR = 4.36 × 10-3), family Bacteroidaceae (OR = 2.25, pFDR = 4.39 × 10-3), genus Allisonella (OR = 1.42, pFDR = 1.29 × 10-2), and genus Bacteroides (OR = 2.25, pFDR = 1.29 × 10-2) increased the risk of developing acne; and the genus Intestinibacter increased the risk of urticaria (OR = 1.30, pFDR = 9.13 × 10-3). A reverse MR study revealed insufficient evidence for a significant causal relationship. In addition, there was no discernible horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Conclusion This study provides novel insights into the causality of gut microbiota in dermatological diseases and therapeutic or preventive paradigms for cutaneous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tao Yao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yunlu Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongping Ge
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bixin Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Chen PC, Tsai TP, Liao YC, Liao YC, Cheng HW, Weng YH, Lin CM, Kao CY, Tai CC, Ruan JW. Intestinal dual-specificity phosphatase 6 regulates the cold-induced gut microbiota remodeling to promote white adipose browning. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:22. [PMID: 38480743 PMCID: PMC10937957 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00495-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota rearrangement induced by cold temperature is crucial for browning in murine white adipose tissue. This study provides evidence that DUSP6, a host factor, plays a critical role in regulating cold-induced gut microbiota rearrangement. When exposed to cold, the downregulation of intestinal DUSP6 increased the capacity of gut microbiota to produce ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). The DUSP6-UDCA axis is essential for driving Lachnospiraceae expansion in the cold microbiota. In mice experiencing cold-room temperature (CR) transitions, prolonged DUSP6 inhibition via the DUSP6 inhibitor (E/Z)-BCI maintained increased cecal UDCA levels and cold-like microbiota networks. By analyzing DUSP6-regulated microbiota dynamics in cold-exposed mice, we identified Marvinbryantia as a genus whose abundance increased in response to cold exposure. When inoculated with human-origin Marvinbryantia formatexigens, germ-free recipient mice exhibited significantly enhanced browning phenotypes in white adipose tissue. Moreover, M. formatexigens secreted the methylated amino acid Nε-methyl-L-lysine, an enriched cecal metabolite in Dusp6 knockout mice that reduces adiposity and ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. Our work revealed that host-microbiota coadaptation to cold environments is essential for regulating the browning-promoting gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chen Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pei Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Liao
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wei Cheng
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiu Weng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Mei Lin
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Kao
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | | | - Jhen-Wei Ruan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Medical Laboratory Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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103
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Watai K, Suda W, Kurokawa R, Sekiya K, Hayashi H, Iwata M, Nagayama K, Nakamura Y, Hamada Y, Kamide Y, Fukutomi Y, Nakabayashi T, Tanaka K, Kamita M, Taniguchi M, Hattori M. Metagenomic gut microbiome analysis of Japanese patients with multiple chemical sensitivity/idiopathic environmental intolerance. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:84. [PMID: 38468206 PMCID: PMC10926566 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the pathology of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is unknown, the central nervous system is reportedly involved. The gut microbiota is important in modifying central nervous system diseases. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and MCS remains unclear. This study aimed to identify gut microbiota variations associated with MCS using shotgun metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples. METHODS We prospectively recruited 30 consecutive Japanese female patients with MCS and analyzed their gut microbiomes using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The data were compared with metagenomic data obtained from 24 age- and sex-matched Japanese healthy controls (HC). RESULTS We observed no significant difference in alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbiota between the MCS patients and HC. Focusing on the important changes in the literatures, at the genus level, Streptococcus, Veillonella, and Akkermansia were significantly more abundant in MCS patients than in HC (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p = 0.01, respectively, fold change = 4.03, 1.53, 2.86, respectively). At the species level, Akkermansia muciniphila was significantly more abundant (p = 0.02, fold change = 3.3) and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii significantly less abundant in MCS patients than in HC (p = 0.03, fold change = 0.53). Functional analysis revealed that xylene and dioxin degradation pathways were significantly enriched (p < 0.01, p = 0.01, respectively, fold change = 1.54, 1.46, respectively), whereas pathways involved in amino acid metabolism and synthesis were significantly depleted in MCS (p < 0.01, fold change = 0.96). Pathways related to antimicrobial resistance, including the two-component system and cationic antimicrobial peptide resistance, were also significantly enriched in MCS (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, respectively, fold change = 1.1, 1.2, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The gut microbiota of patients with MCS shows dysbiosis and alterations in bacterial functions related to exogenous chemicals and amino acid metabolism and synthesis. These findings may contribute to the further development of treatment for MCS. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000031031. The date of first trial registration: 28/01/2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Watai
- Center for Immunology and Allergy, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, 1370-1 Okamoto, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8533, Japan.
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Wataru Suda
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Rina Kurokawa
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sekiya
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hayashi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Maki Iwata
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kisako Nagayama
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuto Nakamura
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuto Hamada
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kamide
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuma Fukutomi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Kosei Tanaka
- H.U. Group Research Institute G.K., Akiruno, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masami Taniguchi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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104
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Sugihara K, Kamada N. Metabolic network of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Regen 2024; 44:11. [PMID: 38443988 PMCID: PMC10913301 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-024-00321-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis is closely linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Emerging studies highlight the relationship between host metabolism and the modulation of gut microbiota composition through regulating the luminal microenvironment. In IBD, various disease-associated factors contribute to the significant perturbation of host metabolism. Such disturbance catalyzes the selective proliferation of specific microbial populations, particularly pathobionts such as adherent invasive Escherichia coli and oral-derived bacteria. Pathobionts employ various strategies to adapt better to the disease-associated luminal environments. In addition to the host-microbe interaction, recent studies demonstrate that the metabolic network between commensal symbionts and pathobionts facilitates the expansion of pathobionts in the inflamed gut. Understanding the metabolic network among the host, commensal symbionts, and pathobionts provides new insights into the pathogenesis of IBD and novel avenues for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Sugihara
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Karim MR, Iqbal S, Mohammad S, Morshed MN, Haque MA, Mathiyalagan R, Yang DC, Kim YJ, Song JH, Yang DU. Butyrate's (a short-chain fatty acid) microbial synthesis, absorption, and preventive roles against colorectal and lung cancer. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:137. [PMID: 38436734 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03834-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by bacterial fermentation of fiber in the colon, is a source of energy for colonocytes. Butyrate is essential for improving gastrointestinal (GI) health since it helps colonocyte function, reduces inflammation, preserves the gut barrier, and fosters a balanced microbiome. Human colonic butyrate producers are Gram-positive firmicutes, which are phylogenetically varied. The two most prevalent subgroups are associated with Eubacterium rectale/Roseburia spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Now, the mechanism for the production of butyrate from microbes is a very vital topic to know. In the present study, we discuss the genes encoding the core of the butyrate synthesis pathway and also discuss the butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase, instead of butyrate kinase, which usually appears to be the enzyme that completes the process. Recently, butyrate-producing microbes have been genetically modified by researchers to increase butyrate synthesis from microbes. The activity of butyrate as a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) has led to several clinical trials to assess its effectiveness as a potential cancer treatment. Among various significant roles, butyrate is the main energy source for intestinal epithelial cells, which helps maintain colonic homeostasis. Moreover, people with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have distinct gut microbiota from healthy adults and frequently have dysbiosis of the butyrate-producing bacteria in their guts. So, with an emphasis on colon and lung cancer, this review also discusses how the microbiome is crucial in preventing the progression of certain cancers through butyrate production. Further studies should be performed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of how these specific butyrate-producing bacteria can control both colon and lung cancer progression and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rezaul Karim
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-Si, 17104, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Safia Iqbal
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-Si, 17104, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Varendra Institute of Biosciences, Affiliated University of Rajshahi, Natore, 6400, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shahnawaz Mohammad
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-Si, 17104, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Md Niaj Morshed
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-Si, 17104, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Md Anwarul Haque
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Ramya Mathiyalagan
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-Si, 17104, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Deok Chun Yang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-Si, 17104, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
- Hanbangbio Inc., Yongin-Si, 17104, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ju Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-Si, 17104, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Joong Hyun Song
- Department of Veterinary International Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea.
| | - Dong Uk Yang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-Si, 17104, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.
- AIBIOME, 6, Jeonmin-Ro 30Beon-Gil, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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106
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Rosell-Díaz M, Fernández-Real JM. Metformin, Cognitive Function, and Changes in the Gut Microbiome. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:210-226. [PMID: 37603460 PMCID: PMC10911951 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The decline in cognitive function and the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders are among the most serious threats to health in old age. The prevalence of dementia has reached 50 million people worldwide and has become a major public health problem. The causes of age-related cognitive impairment are multiple, complex, and difficult to determine. However, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is linked to an enhanced risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Human studies have shown that patients with T2D exhibit dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. This dysbiosis may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and increased plasma lipopolysaccharide concentrations. Metformin medication mimics some of the benefits of calorie restriction and physical activity, such as greater insulin sensitivity and decreased cholesterol levels, and hence may also have a positive impact on aging in humans. According to recent human investigations, metformin might partially restore gut dysbiosis related to T2D. Likewise, some studies showed that metformin reduced the risk of dementia and improved cognition, although not all studies are concordant. Therefore, this review focused on those human studies describing the effects of metformin on the gut microbiome (specifically the changes in taxonomy, function, and circulating metabolomics), the changes in cognitive function, and their possible bidirectional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisel Rosell-Díaz
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), 17007 Girona, Spain
- CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), 17007 Girona, Spain
- CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
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107
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Schoeler M, Chakaroun R, Brolin H, Larsson I, Perkins R, Marschall HU, Caesar R, Bäckhed F. Moderate variations in the human diet impact the gut microbiota in humanized mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14100. [PMID: 38258357 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM Drastic diet interventions have been shown to promote rapid and significant compositional changes of the gut microbiota, but the impact of moderate diet variations is less clear. Here, we aimed to clarify the impact of moderate diet variations that remain within the spectrum of the habitual human diet on gut microbiota composition. METHODS We performed a pilot diet intervention where five healthy volunteers consumed a vegetarian ready-made meal for three days to standardize dietary intake before switching to a meat-based ready-made western-style meal and high sugar drink for two days. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing from daily fecal sampling to assess gut microbiota changes caused by the intervention diet. Furthermore, we used the volunteers' fecal samples to colonize germ-free mice that were fed the same sterilized diets to study the effect of a moderate diet intervention on the gut microbiota in a setting of reduced interindividual variation. RESULTS In the human intervention, we found that fecal microbiota composition varied between and within individuals regardless of diet. However, when we fed the same diets to mice colonized with the study participants' feces, we observed significant, often donor-specific, changes in the mouse microbiota following this moderate diet intervention. CONCLUSION Moderate variations in the habitual human diet have the potential to alter the gut microbiota. Feeding humanized mice human diets may facilitate our understanding of individual human gut microbiota responses to moderate dietary changes and help improve individualized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Schoeler
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rima Chakaroun
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Harald Brolin
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Larsson
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Unit of Clinical Nutrition and the Regional Obesity Center, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rosie Perkins
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Caesar
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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108
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Young SM, Woode RA, Williams EC, Ericsson AC, Clarke LL. Fecal dysbiosis and inflammation in intestinal-specific Cftr knockout mice on regimens preventing intestinal obstruction. Physiol Genomics 2024; 56:247-264. [PMID: 38073491 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00077.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic intestinal inflammation is a poorly understood manifestation of cystic fibrosis (CF), which may be refractory to ion channel CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapy. People with CF exhibit intestinal dysbiosis, which has the potential for stimulating intestinal and systemic inflammation. CFTR is expressed in organ epithelia, leukocytes, and other tissues. Here, we investigate the contribution of intestinal epithelium-specific loss of Cftr [iCftr knockout (KO)] to dysbiosis and inflammation in mice treated with either of two antiobstructive dietary regimens necessary to maintain CF mouse models [polyethylene glycol (PEG) laxative or a liquid diet (LiqD)]. Feces collected from iCftr KO mice and their wild-type (WT) sex-matched littermates were used to measure fecal calprotectin to evaluate inflammation and to perform 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the gut microbiome. Fecal calprotectin was elevated in iCftr KO relative to WT mice that consumed either PEG or LiqD. PEG iCftr KO mice did not show a change in α diversity versus WT mice but demonstrated a significant difference in microbial composition (β diversity) with included increases in the phylum Proteobacteria, the family Peptostreptococcaceae, four genera of Clostridia including C. innocuum, and the mucolytic genus Akkermansia. Fecal microbiome analysis of LiqD-fed iCftr KO mice showed both decreased α diversity and differences in microbial composition with increases in the Proteobacteria family Enterobacteriaceae, Firmicutes families Clostridiaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae, and enrichment of Clostridium perfringens, C. innocuum, C. difficile, mucolytic Ruminococcus gnavus, and reduction of Akkermansia. It was concluded that epithelium-specific loss of Cftr is a major driver of CF intestinal dysbiosis and inflammation with significant similarities to previous studies of pan Cftr KO mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Chronic intestinal inflammation is a manifestation of cystic fibrosis (CF), a disease caused by loss of the anion channel CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) that is expressed in many tissues. This study shows that intestinal epithelial cell-specific loss of CFTR [inducible Cftr knockout (KO)] in mice is sufficient to induce intestinal dysbiosis and inflammation. Experiments were performed on mice consuming two dietary regimens routinely used to prevent obstruction in CF mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Young
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri Comparative Medicine Program, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Rowena A Woode
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Estela C Williams
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Aaron C Ericsson
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri Comparative Medicine Program, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri Metagenomics Center, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Lane L Clarke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
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109
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Schreiber L, Ghimire S, Hiergeist A, Renner K, Althammer M, Babl N, Peuker A, Schoenhammer G, Hippe K, Gessner A, Albrecht C, Pielmeier F, Büttner-Herold M, Bruns H, Hoffmann P, Herr W, Holler E, Peter K, Kreutz M, Matos C. Strain specific differences in vitamin D3 response: impact on gut homeostasis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347835. [PMID: 38495883 PMCID: PMC10943696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 regulates a variety of biological processes irrespective of its well-known importance for calcium metabolism. Epidemiological and animal studies indicate a role in immune regulation, intestinal barrier function and microbiome diversity. Here, we analyzed the impact of different vitamin D3- containing diets on C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, with a particular focus on gut homeostasis and also investigated effects on immune cells in vitro. Weak regulatory effects were detected on murine T cells. By trend, the active vitamin D3 metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppressed IFN, GM-CSF and IL-10 cytokine secretion in T cells of C57BL/6 but not BALB/c mice, respectively. Using different vitamin D3-fortified diets, we found a tissue-specific enrichment of mainly CD11b+ myeloid cells but not T cells in both mouse strains e.g. in spleen and Peyer's Patches. Mucin Reg3γ and Batf expression, as well as important proteins for gut homeostasis, were significantly suppressed in the small intestine of C57BL76 but not BALB/c mice fed with a high-vitamin D3 containing diet. Differences between both mouse stains were not completely explained by differences in vitamin D3 receptor expression which was strongly expressed in epithelial cells of both strains. Finally, we analyzed gut microbiome and again an impact of vitamin D3 was detected in C57BL76 but not BALB/c. Our data suggest strain-specific differences in vitamin D3 responsiveness under steady state conditions which may have important implications when choosing a murine disease model to study vitamin D3 effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sakhila Ghimire
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Hiergeist
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Renner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Althammer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Babl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alice Peuker
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schoenhammer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Hippe
- Department of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andre Gessner
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Maike Büttner-Herold
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heiko Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petra Hoffmann
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ernst Holler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Peter
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marina Kreutz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carina Matos
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Wang L, Li M, Gu Y, Shi J, Yan J, Wang X, Li B, Wang B, Zhong W, Cao H. Dietary flavonoids-microbiota crosstalk in intestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109494. [PMID: 37866426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third leading cancer and commonly develops from chronic intestinal inflammation. A strong association was found between gut microbiota and intestinal inflammation and carcinogenic risk. Flavonoids, which are abundant in vegetables and fruits, can inhibit inflammation, regulate gut microbiota, protect gut barrier integrity, and modulate immune cell function, thereby attenuating colitis and preventing carcinogenesis. Upon digestion, about 90% of flavonoids are transported to the colon without being absorbed in the small intestine. This phenomenon increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria and enhances the production of short-chain fatty acids. The gut microbe further metabolizes these flavonoids. Interestingly, some metabolites of flavonoids play crucial roles in anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects. This review summarizes the modulatory effect of flavonoids on gut microbiota and their metabolism by intestinal microbe under disease conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, colitis-associated cancer (CAC), and CRC. We focus on dietary flavonoids and microbial interactions in intestinal mucosal barriers as well as intestinal immune cells. Results provide novel insights to better understand the crosstalk between dietary flavonoids and gut microbiota and support the standpoint that dietary flavonoids prevent intestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Hebei, China
| | - Mengfan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Junli Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Department of Nutrition, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Hebei, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
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Sun X, Sitters J, Ruytinx J, Wassen MJ, Olde Venterink H. Microbial community composition in the dung of five sympatric European herbivore species. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11071. [PMID: 38481755 PMCID: PMC10933625 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The dung microbiome is a complex system that is highly influenced by species and diet. This study characterized the dung bacterial and fungal communities of five herbivore species inhabiting the National Park Zuid-Kennemerland, the Netherlands. The five selected herbivore species were rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.), cow (Bos taurus L.), horse (Equus ferus caballus L.), fallow deer (Dama dama L.), and European bison (Bison bonasus L.). We explored the effects of distinct digestive physiology (ruminants vs. non-ruminants) and diverse dietary preferences on the microbial community composition of herbivore dung. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were dominant bacterial phyla in the dung of all five herbivore species, and Ascomycota was the predominant fungal phylum. Verrucomicrobiota and Mucoromycota were more present in horse dung and Proteobacteria were more abundant in rabbit dung than the three ruminant dung types. There were few significant differences in the microbial community structure among the three ruminant dung types. The alpha and beta diversity of dung microbial communities significantly differed between ruminants and non-ruminants, especially in bacterial communities. Based on MetaCyc pathways, we found that the primary functions of bacteria in herbivore dung were focused on biosynthesis, various super pathways, and degradation, with a few differences between ruminant and non-ruminant dung. FUNGuild analysis showed that horse dung had more saprotrophic fungi, while the fungi in fallow deer dung had more symbiotrophic properties, with the fungal functions of bison, cow, and rabbit dung somewhere in between. There was also a correlation between microbial community and nutrient composition of the substrate in herbivore dung. Understanding the dung microbial community composition of these herbivore species can enrich the database of mammalian gut microbiomes for studying the mechanisms of microbial community variation while preparing for exploring a new perspective to study the impact of herbivores on ecosystems through dung deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhao Sun
- Research Group WILDVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Judith Sitters
- Research Group WILDVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- B‐WARE Research CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Joske Ruytinx
- Research Groups Microbiology and Plant GeneticsVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Martin J. Wassen
- Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable DevelopmentUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Ashonibare VJ, Akorede BA, Ashonibare PJ, Akhigbe TM, Akhigbe RE. Gut microbiota-gonadal axis: the impact of gut microbiota on reproductive functions. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1346035. [PMID: 38482009 PMCID: PMC10933031 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1346035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The influence of gut microbiota on physiological processes is rapidly gaining attention globally. Despite being under-studied, there are available data demonstrating a gut microbiota-gonadal cross-talk, and the importance of this axis in reproduction. This study reviews the impacts of gut microbiota on reproduction. In addition, the possible mechanisms by which gut microbiota modulates male and female reproduction are presented. Databases, including Embase, Google scholar, Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, were explored using relevant key words. Findings showed that gut microbiota promotes gonadal functions by modulating the circulating levels of steroid sex hormones, insulin sensitivity, immune system, and gonadal microbiota. Gut microbiota also alters ROS generation and the activation of cytokine accumulation. In conclusion, available data demonstrate the existence of a gut microbiota-gonadal axis, and role of this axis on gonadal functions. However, majority of the data were compelling evidences from animal studies with a great dearth of human data. Therefore, human studies validating the reports of experimental studies using animal models are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victory J. Ashonibare
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Bolaji A. Akorede
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
| | - Precious J. Ashonibare
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Tunmise M. Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Breeding and Genetic Unit, Department of Agronomy, Osun State University, Ejigbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Roland Eghoghosoa Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Tsukimi T, Obana N, Shigemori S, Arakawa K, Miyauchi E, Yang J, Song I, Ashino Y, Wakayama M, Soga T, Tomita M, Ohno H, Mori H, Fukuda S. Genetic mutation in Escherichia coli genome during adaptation to the murine intestine is optimized for the host diet. mSystems 2024; 9:e0112323. [PMID: 38205998 PMCID: PMC10878103 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01123-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian gut microbes colonize the intestinal tract of their host and adapt to establish a microbial ecosystem. The host diet changes the nutrient profile of the intestine and has a high impact on microbiota composition. Genetic mutations in Escherichia coli, a prevalent species in the human gut, allow for adaptation to the mammalian intestine, as reported in previous studies. However, the extent of colonization fitness in the intestine elevated by genetic mutation and the effects of diet change on these mutations in E. coli are still poorly known. Here, we show that notable mutations in sugar metabolism-related genes (gatC, araC, and malI) were detected in the E. coli K-12 genome just 2 weeks after colonization in the germ-free mouse intestine. In addition to elevated fitness by deletion of gatC, as previously reported, deletion of araC and malI also elevated E. coli fitness in the murine intestine in a host diet-dependent manner. In vitro cultures of medium containing nutrients abundant in the intestine (e.g., galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and asparagine) also showed increased E. coli fitness after deletion of the genes-of-interest associated with their metabolism. Furthermore, the host diet was found to influence the developmental trajectory of gene mutations in E. coli. Taken together, we suggest that genetic mutations in E. coli are selected in response to the intestinal environment, which facilitates efficient utilization of nutrients abundant in the intestine under laboratory conditions. Our study offers some insight into the possible adaptation mechanisms of gut microbes.IMPORTANCEThe gut microbiota is closely associated with human health and is greatly impacted by the host diet. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli live in the gut all throughout the life of a human host and adapt to the intestinal environment. Adaptive mutations in E. coli are reported to enhance fitness in the mammalian intestine, but to what extent is still poorly known. It is also unknown whether the host diet affects what genes are mutated and to what extent fitness is affected. This study suggests that genetic mutations in the E. coli K-12 strain are selected in response to the intestinal environment and facilitate efficient utilization of abundant nutrients in the germ-free mouse intestine. Our study provides a better understanding of these intestinal adaptation mechanisms of gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Tsukimi
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Nozomu Obana
- Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Suguru Shigemori
- Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Arakawa
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyauchi
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Jiayue Yang
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Isaiah Song
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Yujin Ashino
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Masataka Wakayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Masaru Tomita
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hirotada Mori
- Graduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Gut Environmental Design Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan
- Laboratory for Regenerative Microbiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Jiang X, Xu Y, Fagan A, Patel B, Zhou H, Bajaj JS. Single nuclear RNA sequencing of terminal ileum in patients with cirrhosis demonstrates multi-faceted alterations in the intestinal barrier. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:25. [PMID: 38369527 PMCID: PMC10875857 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01209-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with cirrhosis have intestinal barrier dysfunction but the role of the individual cell types in human small intestine is unclear. We performed single-nuclear RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) in the pinch biopsies of terminal ileum of four age-matched men [56 years, healthy control, compensated, early (ascites and lactulose use) and advanced decompensated cirrhosis (ascites and rifaximin use)]. Cell type proportions, differential gene expressions, cell-type specific pathway analysis using IPA, and cellular crosstalk dynamics were compared. Stem cells, enterocytes and Paneth cells were lowest in advanced decompensation. Immune cells like naive CD4 + T cells were lowest while ITGAE + cells were highest in advanced decompensation patients. MECOM had lowest expression in stem cells in advanced decompensation. Defensin and mucin sulfation gene (PAPSS2) which can stabilize the mucus barrier expression were lowest while IL1, IL6 and TNF-related genes were significantly upregulated in the enterocytes, goblet, and Paneth cells in decompensated subjects. IPA analysis showed higher inflammatory pathways in enterocytes, stem, goblet, and Paneth cells in decompensated patients. Cellular crosstalk analysis showed that desmosome, protease-activated receptors, and cadherin-catenin complex interactions were most perturbed in decompensated patients. In summary, the snRNAseq of the human terminal ileum in 4 subjects (1 control and three cirrhosis) identified multidimensional alteration in the intestinal barrier with lower stem cells and altered gene expression focused on inflammation, mucin sulfation and cell-cell interactions with cirrhosis decompensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixian Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Ying Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Andrew Fagan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Bhaumik Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1220 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
| | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA, USA.
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Loh JS, Mak WQ, Tan LKS, Ng CX, Chan HH, Yeow SH, Foo JB, Ong YS, How CW, Khaw KY. Microbiota-gut-brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:37. [PMID: 38360862 PMCID: PMC10869798 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. The vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect of human biology, including health maintenance, development, aging, and disease. The advent of new sequencing technologies and culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations to shed light on microbiome-host interactions. Evidence has unveiled the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system, referred to as the "microbiota-gut-brain axis". The microbiota-gut-brain axis represents an important regulator of glial functions, making it an actionable target to ameliorate the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases. As the gut microbiome provides essential cues to microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, we examine the communications between gut microbiota and these glial cells during healthy states and neurodegenerative diseases. Subsequently, we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases using a metabolite-centric approach, while also examining the role of gut microbiota-related neurotransmitters and gut hormones. Next, we examine the potential of targeting the intestinal barrier, blood-brain barrier, meninges, and peripheral immune system to counteract glial dysfunction in neurodegeneration. Finally, we conclude by assessing the pre-clinical and clinical evidence of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation in neurodegenerative diseases. A thorough comprehension of the microbiota-gut-brain axis will foster the development of effective therapeutic interventions for the management of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sheng Loh
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wen Qi Mak
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Li Kar Stella Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Digital Health & Medical Advancements, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chu Xin Ng
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hong Hao Chan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shiau Hueh Yeow
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Digital Health & Medical Advancements, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong Sze Ong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Kooi Yeong Khaw
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ross FC, Mayer DE, Gupta A, Gill CIR, Del Rio D, Cryan JF, Lavelle A, Ross RP, Stanton C, Mayer EA. Existing and Future Strategies to Manipulate the Gut Microbiota With Diet as a Potential Adjuvant Treatment for Psychiatric Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:348-360. [PMID: 37918459 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition and diet quality play key roles in preventing and slowing cognitive decline and have been linked to multiple brain disorders. This review compiles available evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials on the impact of nutrition and interventions regarding major psychiatric conditions and some neurological disorders. We emphasize the potential role of diet-related microbiome alterations in these effects and highlight commonalities between various brain disorders related to the microbiome. Despite numerous studies shedding light on these findings, there are still gaps in our understanding due to the limited availability of definitive human trial data firmly establishing a causal link between a specific diet and microbially mediated brain functions and symptoms. The positive impact of certain diets on the microbiome and cognitive function is frequently ascribed with the anti-inflammatory effects of certain microbial metabolites or a reduction of proinflammatory microbial products. We also critically review recent research on pro- and prebiotics and nondietary interventions, particularly fecal microbiota transplantation. The recent focus on diet in relation to brain disorders could lead to improved treatment outcomes with combined dietary, pharmacological, and behavioral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona C Ross
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Dylan E Mayer
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Arpana Gupta
- Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, UCLA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chris I R Gill
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aonghus Lavelle
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Emeran A Mayer
- Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, UCLA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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Zhang Y, Bai Y, Wang Z, Ye H, Han D, Zhao J, Wang J, Li D. Effects of Resistant Starch Infusion, Solely and Mixed with Xylan or Cellulose, on Gut Microbiota Composition in Ileum-Cannulated Pigs. Microorganisms 2024; 12:356. [PMID: 38399760 PMCID: PMC10893309 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermentation of dietary fiber (DF) is beneficial for gut health, but its prebiotic effects are often impeded in the distal large intestine because of the fast degradation of fermentable substrates. One way to enhance the prebiotic effect of DF is to deliver fibers to the lower parts of the gut, which can be achieved by mixing different kinds of fiber. Therefore, in the present study, an ileum-cannulated pig model was employed to investigate the fermentation influence in the large intestine by infusing resistant starch solely (RS, fast fermentable fiber) and mixing with other fibers (xylan or cellulose). Twenty-four ileum-cannulated growing pigs were divided into four groups: one control group receiving saline ileal infusions and three experimental groups infused with RS, RS with xylan, or RS with cellulose. Fecal and plasma samples were analyzed for gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and blood biochemistry. Results indicated no significant differences between the RS and control group for the microbiome and SCFA concentration (p > 0.05). However, RS combined with fibers, particularly xylan, resulted in enhanced and prolonged fermentation, marked by an increase in Blautia and higher lactate and acetate production (p < 0.05). In contrast, RS with cellulose infusion enriched bacterial diversity in feces (p < 0.05). Blood biochemistry parameters showed no significant differences across groups (p > 0.05), though a trend of increased glucose levels was noted in the treatment groups (p < 0.1). Overall, RS alone had a limited impact on the distal hindgut microbiota due to rapid fermentation in the proximal gut, whereas combining RS with other fibers notably improved gut microecology by extending the fermentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Defa Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Forero-Rodríguez J, Zimmermann J, Taubenheim J, Arias-Rodríguez N, Caicedo-Narvaez JD, Best L, Mendieta CV, López-Castiblanco J, Gómez-Muñoz LA, Gonzalez-Santos J, Arboleda H, Fernandez W, Kaleta C, Pinzón A. Changes in Bacterial Gut Composition in Parkinson's Disease and Their Metabolic Contribution to Disease Development: A Gut Community Reconstruction Approach. Microorganisms 2024; 12:325. [PMID: 38399728 PMCID: PMC10893096 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease with the major symptoms comprising loss of movement coordination (motor dysfunction) and non-motor dysfunction, including gastrointestinal symptoms. Alterations in the gut microbiota composition have been reported in PD patients vs. controls. However, it is still unclear how these compositional changes contribute to disease etiology and progression. Furthermore, most of the available studies have focused on European, Asian, and North American cohorts, but the microbiomes of PD patients in Latin America have not been characterized. To address this problem, we obtained fecal samples from Colombian participants (n = 25 controls, n = 25 PD idiopathic cases) to characterize the taxonomical community changes during disease via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. An analysis of differential composition, diversity, and personalized computational modeling was carried out, given the fecal bacterial composition and diet of each participant. We found three metabolites that differed in dietary habits between PD patients and controls: carbohydrates, trans fatty acids, and potassium. We identified six genera that changed significantly in their relative abundance between PD patients and controls, belonging to the families Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillaceae, Verrucomicrobioaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Streptococcaceae. Furthermore, personalized metabolic modeling of the gut microbiome revealed changes in the predicted production of seven metabolites (Indole, tryptophan, fructose, phenylacetic acid, myristic acid, 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid, and N-Acetylneuraminic acid). These metabolites are associated with the metabolism of aromatic amino acids and their consumption in the diet. Therefore, this research suggests that each individual's diet and intestinal composition could affect host metabolism. Furthermore, these findings open the door to the study of microbiome-host interactions and allow us to contribute to personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Forero-Rodríguez
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Research Group, Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.F.-R.); (J.D.C.-N.); (J.L.-C.)
- Medical Systems Biology Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany (J.T.)
| | - Johannes Zimmermann
- Medical Systems Biology Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany (J.T.)
| | - Jan Taubenheim
- Medical Systems Biology Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany (J.T.)
| | - Natalia Arias-Rodríguez
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Research Group, Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.F.-R.); (J.D.C.-N.); (J.L.-C.)
| | - Juan David Caicedo-Narvaez
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Research Group, Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.F.-R.); (J.D.C.-N.); (J.L.-C.)
- Neurosciences Research Group, Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Lena Best
- Medical Systems Biology Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany (J.T.)
| | - Cindy V. Mendieta
- PhD Program in Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia;
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Julieth López-Castiblanco
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Research Group, Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.F.-R.); (J.D.C.-N.); (J.L.-C.)
| | - Laura Alejandra Gómez-Muñoz
- Neurosciences Research Group, Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
- Cell Death Research Group, Medical School and Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Janneth Gonzalez-Santos
- Structural Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Humberto Arboleda
- Cell Death Research Group, Medical School and Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - William Fernandez
- Neurosciences Research Group, Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
- Cell Death Research Group, Medical School and Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Christoph Kaleta
- Medical Systems Biology Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany (J.T.)
| | - Andrés Pinzón
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Research Group, Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.F.-R.); (J.D.C.-N.); (J.L.-C.)
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Wang X, Liu Y, Dong X, Duan T, Wang C, Wang L, Yang X, Tian H, Li T. peu-MIR2916-p3-enriched garlic exosomes ameliorate murine colitis by reshaping gut microbiota, especially by boosting the anti-colitic Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107071. [PMID: 38218354 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs) have drawn considerable attention for oral treatment of colonic diseases. However, the roles of ELNs derived from garlic on colitis remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that garlic ELNs (GELNs), with desirable particle sizes (79.60 nm) and trafficking large amounts of functional proteins and microRNAs, stably roam in the gut and confer protection against ulcerative colitis (UC). In mice with DSS-induced colitis, orally administered GELNs effectively ameliorated bloody diarrhea, normalized the production of proinflammatory cytokines, and prevented colonic barrier impairment. Mechanistically, GELNs were taken up by gut microbes and reshaped DSS-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, in which Bacteroides was the dominant respondent genus upon GELNs treatment. Notably, GELNs-enriched peu-MIR2916-p3 specifically promoted the growth of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, an intestinal symbiotic bacterium with palliative effects on colitis. Our findings provide new insights into the medicinal application of GELNs and highlight their potential as natural nanotherapeutic agents for preventing and treating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Wang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yueyue Liu
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xinyue Dong
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Tianchi Duan
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Chennan Wang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Honglei Tian
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Ting Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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120
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Li Z, Nie Q, Nie SP. Comprehensive insights: unraveling the mechanisms of gut commensals in glucose metabolism regulation. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:414-417. [PMID: 38155278 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China.
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121
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Tian QB, Chen SJ, Xiao LJ, Xie JQ, Zhao HB, Zhang X. Potential effects of nutrition-induced alteration of gut microbiota on inflammatory bowel disease: A review. J Dig Dis 2024; 25:78-90. [PMID: 38450936 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), mainly comprising ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a group of gradually progressive diseases bringing significant mental anguish and imposes serious economic burdens. Interplay of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Nutrients, as crucial environmental determinants, mainly encompassing carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and micronutrients, are closely related to the pathogenesis and development of IBD. Nutrition is essential for maintaining the dynamic balance of intestinal eco-environments to ensure intestinal barrier and immune homeostasis, while this balance can be disrupted easily by maladjusted nutrition. Research has firmly established that nutrition has the potential to shape the composition and function of gut microbiota to affect the disease course. Unhealthy diet and eating disorders lead to gut microbiota dysbiosis and further destroy the function of intestinal barrier such as the disruption of membrane integrity and increased permeability, thereby triggering intestinal inflammation. Notably, appropriate nutritional interventions, such as the Mediterranean diet, can positively modulate intestinal microecology, which may provide a promising strategy for future IBD prevention. In this review, we provide insights into the interplay between nutrition and gut microbiota and its effects on IBD and present some previously overlooked lines of evidence regarding the role of derived metabolites in IBD processes, such as trimethylamine N-oxide and imidazole propionate. Furthermore, we provide some insights into reducing the risk of onset and exacerbation of IBD by modifying nutrition and discuss several outstanding challenges and opportunities for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Bai Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shui Jiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Li Jun Xiao
- Guangdong Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia Qi Xie
- Hunan Food and Drug Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong Bo Zhao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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122
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Liikonen V, Gomez-Gallego C, Kolehmainen M. The effects of whole grain cereals on tryptophan metabolism and intestinal barrier function: underlying factors of health impact. Proc Nutr Soc 2024; 83:42-54. [PMID: 37843435 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123003671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to investigate the relationship between the health impact of whole grains mediated via the interaction with intestinal microbiota and intestinal barrier function with special interest on tryptophan metabolism, focusing on the role of the intestinal microbiota and their impact on barrier function. Consuming various types of whole grains can lead to the growth of different microbiota species, which in turn leads to the production of diverse metabolites, including those derived from tryptophan metabolism, although the impact of whole grains on intestinal microbiota composition results remains inconclusive and vary among different studies. Whole grains can exert an influence on tryptophan metabolism through interactions with the intestinal microbiota, and the presence of fibre in whole grains plays a notable role in establishing this connection. The impact of whole grains on intestinal barrier function is closely related to their effects on the composition and activity of intestinal microbiota, and SCFA and tryptophan metabolites serve as potential links connecting whole grains, intestinal microbiota and the intestinal barrier function. Tryptophan metabolites affect various aspects of the intestinal barrier, such as immune balance, mucus and microbial barrier, tight junction complexes and the differentiation and proliferation of epithelial cells. Despite the encouraging discoveries in this area of research, the evidence regarding the effects of whole grain consumption on intestine-related activity remains limited. Hence, we can conclude that we are just starting to understand the actual complexity of the intestinal factors mediating in part the health impacts of whole grain cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Liikonen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carlos Gomez-Gallego
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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123
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Abstract
Biogeography is the study of species distribution and diversity within an ecosystem and is at the core of how we understand ecosystem dynamics and interactions at the macroscale. In gut microbial communities, a historical reliance on bulk sequencing to probe community composition and dynamics has overlooked critical processes whereby microscale interactions affect systems-level microbiota function and the relationship with the host. In recent years, higher-resolution sequencing and novel single-cell level data have uncovered an incredible heterogeneity in microbial composition and have enabled a more nuanced spatial understanding of the gut microbiota. In an era when spatial transcriptomics and single-cell imaging and analysis have become key tools in mammalian cell and tissue biology, many of these techniques are now being applied to the microbiota. This fresh approach to intestinal biogeography has given important insights that span temporal and spatial scales, from the discovery of mucus encapsulation of the microbiota to the quantification of bacterial species throughout the gut. In this Review, we highlight emerging knowledge surrounding gut biogeography enabled by the observation and quantification of heterogeneity across multiple scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle McCallum
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Carolina Tropini
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Humans and the Microbiome Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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124
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Juanola O, Francés R, Caparrós E. Exploring the Relationship between Liver Disease, Bacterial Translocation, and Dysbiosis: Unveiling the Gut-Liver Axis. Visc Med 2024; 40:12-19. [PMID: 38312368 PMCID: PMC10836950 DOI: 10.1159/000535962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The global burden of liver disease and cirrhosis has been progressively increasing in the last decade. The interplay between gut microbiota and immune system and the bidirectional relationship with the liver, known as the gut-liver axis, has arisen as a fundamental aspect of liver disease. Summary Alterations of the gut microbiome have been described and include both dysbiotic microbial signatures and intestinal bacterial overgrowth. The integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier is essential for preventing the access of harmful substances and bacterial products into the host. Bacterial translocation due to altered host-microbiota interactions triggers local immune cell activation and facilitates a chronic inflammatory state that can ultimately lead to immune exhaustion, characteristic of cirrhosis. In cirrhosis, breakdown of the gut vascular barrier allows access of bacterial products to portal blood circulation and facilitates their influx into the liver, further contributing to disease progression. Key Messages A better understanding of the contributing factors to pathological bacterial translocation and the impact of dysbiosis in liver disease will lead to achieve innovative therapeutic strategies in cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Juanola
- Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Rubén Francés
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Dpto. Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
- Instituto IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Caparrós
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Dpto. Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
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125
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Xiu W, Ding W, Mou S, Li Y, Sultan Y, Ma J, Li X. Adverse effects of fenpropathrin on the intestine of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and the mechanism involved. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 199:105799. [PMID: 38458669 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin (FEN), a pyrethroid pesticide, is frequently detected in natural water bodies, unavoidable pose adverse effects to aquatic organisms. However, the harmful effects and potential mechanisms of FEN on aquatic species are poorly understood. In this study, common carp were treatment with FEN at 0.45 and 1.35 μg/L for 14 d, and the toxic effects and underlying mechanisms of FEN on the intestine of carp were revealed. RNA-seq results showed that FEN exposure cause a wide range of transcriptional alterations in the intestine and the differentially expressed genes were mainly enrichment in the pathways related to immune and metabolism. Specifically, FEN exposure induced pathological damage and altered submicroscopic structure of the intestine, elevated the levels of Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin, altered the contents of claudin-1, occludin, and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1), and causing injury to the intestinal barrier. In addition, inflammation-related index TNF-α in the serum and IL-6 in the intestinal tissues were generally increased after FEN exposure. Moreover, FEN exposure promoted an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), altered the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), upregulated the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the intestines. The apoptosis-related parameter cytochrome c, caspase-9, and caspase-3 were significantly altered, indicating that inflammation reaction, oxidative stress, and apoptosis may be involved in the toxic mechanism of FEN on carp. Moreover, FEN treatment also altered the intestinal flora community significantly, which may affect the intestinal normal physiological function and thus affect the growth of fish. Overall, the present study help to clarify the intestinal reaction mechanisms after FEN treatment, and provide a basis for the risk assessment of FEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Xiu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Weikai Ding
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Shaoyu Mou
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Yousef Sultan
- Department of Food Toxicology and Contaminants, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Junguo Ma
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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Quinn A, El Chazli Y, Escrig S, Daraspe J, Neuschwander N, McNally A, Genoud C, Meibom A, Engel P. Host-derived organic acids enable gut colonization of the honey bee symbiont Snodgrassella alvi. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:477-489. [PMID: 38225461 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Diverse bacteria can colonize the animal gut using dietary nutrients or by engaging in microbial crossfeeding interactions. Less is known about the role of host-derived nutrients in enabling gut bacterial colonization. Here we examined metabolic interactions within the evolutionary ancient symbiosis between the honey bee (Apis mellifera) and the core gut microbiota member Snodgrassella alvi. This betaproteobacterium is incapable of metabolizing saccharides, yet colonizes the honey bee gut in the presence of a sugar-only diet. Using comparative metabolomics, 13C-tracers and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), we show in vivo that S. alvi grows on host-derived organic acids, including citrate, glycerate and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate, which are actively secreted by the host into the gut lumen. S. alvi also modulates tryptophan metabolism in the gut by converting kynurenine to anthranilate. These results suggest that S. alvi is adapted to a specific metabolic niche in the honey bee gut that depends on host-derived nutritional resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Quinn
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yassine El Chazli
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Escrig
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Daraspe
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Neuschwander
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aoife McNally
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christel Genoud
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anders Meibom
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Advanced Surface Analysis, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Engel
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Sorini C, Cardoso RF, Tripathi KP, Mold JE, Diaz OE, Holender Y, Kern BC, Czarnewski P, Gagliani N, Villablanca EJ. Intestinal damage is required for the pro-inflammatory differentiation of commensal CBir1-specific T cells. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:81-93. [PMID: 37952848 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Commensal-specific clusters of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells are expanded in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared to healthy individuals. How and where commensal-specific CD4+ T cells get activated is yet to be fully understood. We used CBir1 TCR-transgenic CD4+ T cells, specific to a commensal bacterial antigen, and different mouse models of IBD to characterize the dynamics of commensal-specific CD4+ T-cells activation. We found that CBir1 T cells proliferate following intestinal damage and cognate antigen presentation is mediated by CD11c+ cells in the colon-draining mesenteric lymph nodes. Using assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing and flow cytometry, we showed that activated CBir1 T cells preferentially acquire an effector rather than regulatory phenotype, which is plastic over time. Moreover, CBir1 T cells, while insufficient to initiate intestinal inflammation, contributed to worse disease outcomes in the presence of other CD4+ T cells. Our results suggest that the commensal-specific T-cell responses observed in IBD exacerbate rather than initiate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Sorini
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Rebeca F Cardoso
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kumar P Tripathi
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeff E Mold
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar E Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yael Holender
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bianca C Kern
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo Czarnewski
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden; Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), I. Department of Medicine and Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eduardo J Villablanca
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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Li J, Chen WN, Sun WJ, Cordero G, Hasan S, Bontempo V, Xiao JF, Li YP, Pi Y, Li XL, Jiang XR. Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Stimbiotics to Sows on Lactation Performance, Immune Function, and Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Capacities during Late Gestation and Lactation. Vet Sci 2024; 11:53. [PMID: 38393071 PMCID: PMC10892021 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Stimbiotic supplementation may provide an innovative feed additive solution to accelerate the proliferation of beneficial fiber-degrading bacteria in the distal intestine and the utilization of dietary fiber. Optimal utilization of dietary fiber has multiple benefits for gut health and nutrient utilization. This study was conducted to evaluate the late gestation and lactation performance, the plasma, colostrum, and milk immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, and IgM) concentrations, and the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant biomarkers in plasma of sows fed with or without a stimbiotic during the late gestation and lactation phase. A total of 40 sows were allocated to two treatment groups: control (CT) with no supplementation or 100 mg/kg stimbiotic (VP), with 20 sows per treatment. Sows were fed the treatment diets from d 85 of gestation to d 28 of lactation. In the results, the average daily weight gain of piglets during lactation was greater from sows fed in the VP group compared to that in the CT group (p < 0.05). The plasma concentrations of IgM at farrowing and IgG at weaning of the sows fed the diet with the stimbiotic supplementation were much higher than those in the CT sows (p < 0.05), respectively. In addition, the dietary stimbiotic increased the concentrations of IgM in the colostrum and of IgA and IgM in the milk at d 14 of lactation (p < 0.05). Plasma concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) on d 0 and d 28 of lactation tended to be lower in sows fed the VP diets compared with those of the sows fed the CT diets. Thus, our study indicated that stimbiotic supplementation could improve the daily weight gain of piglets and the immune function of sows in lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (W.-N.C.); (W.-J.S.); (Y.-P.L.); (Y.P.); (X.-L.L.)
| | - Wen-Ning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (W.-N.C.); (W.-J.S.); (Y.-P.L.); (Y.P.); (X.-L.L.)
| | - Wen-Juan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (W.-N.C.); (W.-J.S.); (Y.-P.L.); (Y.P.); (X.-L.L.)
| | | | - Shah Hasan
- AB Vista, Marlborough SN8 4AN, UK; (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Valentino Bontempo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Jun-Feng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Swine Nutrition and Feed Science of Fujian Province, Aonong Group, Zhangzhou 363000, China;
| | - Yan-Pin Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (W.-N.C.); (W.-J.S.); (Y.-P.L.); (Y.P.); (X.-L.L.)
| | - Yu Pi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (W.-N.C.); (W.-J.S.); (Y.-P.L.); (Y.P.); (X.-L.L.)
| | - Xi-Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (W.-N.C.); (W.-J.S.); (Y.-P.L.); (Y.P.); (X.-L.L.)
| | - Xian-Ren Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (W.-N.C.); (W.-J.S.); (Y.-P.L.); (Y.P.); (X.-L.L.)
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Gray SM, Moss AD, Herzog JW, Kashiwagi S, Liu B, Young JB, Sun S, Bhatt A, Fodor AA, Balfour Sartor R. Mouse Adaptation of Human Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Microbiota Enhances Colonization Efficiency and Alters Microbiome Aggressiveness Depending on Recipient Colonic Inflammatory Environment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.23.576862. [PMID: 38328082 PMCID: PMC10849574 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.23.576862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the cause vs consequence relationship of gut inflammation and microbial dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) requires a reproducible mouse model of human-microbiota-driven experimental colitis. Our study demonstrated that human fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) transfer efficiency is an underappreciated source of experimental variability in human microbiota associated (HMA) mice. Pooled human IBD patient fecal microbiota engrafted germ-free (GF) mice with low amplicon sequence variant (ASV)-level transfer efficiency, resulting in high recipient-to-recipient variation of microbiota composition and colitis severity in HMA Il-10-/- mice. In contrast, mouse-to-mouse transfer of mouse-adapted human IBD patient microbiota transferred with high efficiency and low compositional variability resulting in highly consistent and reproducible colitis phenotypes in recipient Il-10-/- mice. Human-to-mouse FMT caused a population bottleneck with reassembly of microbiota composition that was host inflammatory environment specific. Mouse-adaptation in the inflamed Il-10-/- host reassembled a more aggressive microbiota that induced more severe colitis in serial transplant to Il-10-/- mice than the distinct microbiota reassembled in non-inflamed WT hosts. Our findings support a model of IBD pathogenesis in which host inflammation promotes aggressive resident bacteria, which further drives a feed-forward process of dysbiosis exacerbated gut inflammation. This model implies that effective management of IBD requires treating both the dysregulated host immune response and aggressive inflammation-driven microbiota. We propose that our mouse-adapted human microbiota model is an optimized, reproducible, and rigorous system to study human microbiome-driven disease phenotypes, which may be generalized to mouse models of other human microbiota-modulated diseases, including metabolic syndrome/obesity, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M. Gray
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anh D. Moss
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jeremy W. Herzog
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Saori Kashiwagi
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Bo Liu
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jacqueline B. Young
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Shan Sun
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Aadra Bhatt
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anthony A. Fodor
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - R. Balfour Sartor
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Gnotobiotic Rodent Resource Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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130
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Voogdt CGP, Tripathi S, Bassler SO, McKeithen-Mead SA, Guiberson ER, Koumoutsi A, Bravo AM, Buie C, Zimmermann M, Sonnenburg JL, Typas A, Deutschbauer AM, Shiver AL, Huang KC. Randomly barcoded transposon mutant libraries for gut commensals II: Applying libraries for functional genetics. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113519. [PMID: 38142398 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The critical role of the intestinal microbiota in human health and disease is well recognized. Nevertheless, there are still large gaps in our understanding of the functions and mechanisms encoded in the genomes of most members of the gut microbiota. Genome-scale libraries of transposon mutants are a powerful tool to help us address this gap. Recent advances in barcoded transposon mutagenesis have dramatically lowered the cost of mutant fitness determination in hundreds of in vitro and in vivo experimental conditions. In an accompanying review, we discuss recent advances and caveats for the construction of pooled and arrayed barcoded transposon mutant libraries in human gut commensals. In this review, we discuss how these libraries can be used across a wide range of applications, the technical aspects involved, and expectations for such screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Geert Pieter Voogdt
- Genome Biology Unit, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Structural and Computational Biology Unit, EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Surya Tripathi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Stefan Oliver Bassler
- Genome Biology Unit, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Grabengasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saria A McKeithen-Mead
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Emma R Guiberson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alexandra Koumoutsi
- Genome Biology Unit, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Afonso Martins Bravo
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cullen Buie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Justin L Sonnenburg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Athanasios Typas
- Genome Biology Unit, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Structural and Computational Biology Unit, EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Adam M Deutschbauer
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Anthony L Shiver
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Kerwyn Casey Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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131
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Yuan L, Li Y, Chen M, Xue L, Wang J, Ding Y, Gu Q, Zhang J, Zhao H, Xie X, Wu Q. Therapeutic applications of gut microbes in cardiometabolic diseases: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:156. [PMID: 38244075 PMCID: PMC10799778 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) encompasses a range of diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart failure, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Recent findings about CMD's interaction with gut microbiota have broadened our understanding of how diet and nutrition drive microbes to influence CMD. However, the translation of basic research into the clinic has not been smooth, and dietary nutrition and probiotic supplementation have yet to show significant evidence of the therapeutic benefits of CMD. In addition, the published reviews do not suggest the core microbiota or metabolite classes that influence CMD, and systematically elucidate the causal relationship between host disease phenotypes-microbiome. The aim of this review is to highlight the complex interaction of the gut microbiota and their metabolites with CMD progression and to further centralize and conceptualize the mechanisms of action between microbial and host disease phenotypes. We also discuss the potential of targeting modulations of gut microbes and metabolites as new targets for prevention and treatment of CMD, including the use of emerging technologies such as fecal microbiota transplantation and nanomedicine. KEY POINTS: • To highlight the complex interaction of the gut microbiota and their metabolites with CMD progression and to further centralize and conceptualize the mechanisms of action between microbial and host disease phenotypes. • We also discuss the potential of targeting modulations of gut microbes and metabolites as new targets for prevention and treatment of CMD, including the use of emerging technologies such as FMT and nanomedicine. • Our study provides insight into identification-specific microbiomes and metabolites involved in CMD, and microbial-host changes and physiological factors as disease phenotypes develop, which will help to map the microbiome individually and capture pathogenic mechanisms as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yuan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Liang Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qihui Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Xinqiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
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Czarnik W, Fularski P, Gajewska A, Jakubowska P, Uszok Z, Młynarska E, Rysz J, Franczyk B. The Role of Intestinal Microbiota and Diet as Modulating Factors in the Course of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. Nutrients 2024; 16:308. [PMID: 38276546 PMCID: PMC10820408 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Many researchers propose manipulating microbiota to prevent and treat related diseases. The brain-gut axis is an object that remains the target of modern research, and it is not without reason that many researchers enrich it with microbiota and diet in its name. Numerous connections and mutual correlations have become the basis for seeking answers to many questions related to pathology as well as human physiology. Disorders of this homeostasis as well as dysbiosis itself accompany neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Heavily dependent on external factors, modulation of the gut microbiome represents an opportunity to advance the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Probiotic interventions, synbiotic interventions, or fecal transplantation can undoubtedly support the biotherapeutic process. A special role is played by diet, which provides metabolites that directly affect the body and the microbiota. A holistic view of the human organism is therefore essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witold Czarnik
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Fularski
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Gajewska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paulina Jakubowska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Zofia Uszok
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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Schaus SR, Vasconcelos Periera G, Luis AS, Madlambayan E, Terrapon N, Ostrowski MP, Jin C, Hansson GC, Martens EC. Ruminococcus torques is a keystone degrader of intestinal mucin glycoprotein, releasing oligosaccharides used by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.15.575725. [PMID: 38293123 PMCID: PMC10827045 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Symbiotic interactions between humans and our communities of resident gut microbes (microbiota) play many roles in health and disease. Some gut bacteria utilize mucus as a nutrient source and can under certain conditions damage the protective barrier it forms, increasing disease susceptibility. We investigated how Ruminococcus torques- a known mucin-degrader that remains poorly studied despite its implication in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs)- degrades mucin glycoproteins or their component O -linked glycans to understand its effects on the availability of mucin-derived nutrients for other bacteria. We found that R. torques utilizes both mucin glycoproteins and released oligosaccharides from gastric and colonic mucins, degrading these substrates with a panoply of mostly constitutively expressed, secreted enzymes. Investigation of mucin oligosaccharide degradation by R. torques revealed strong fucosidase, sialidase and β1,4-galactosidase activities. There was a lack of detectable sulfatase and weak β1,3-galactosidase degradation, resulting in accumulation of glycans containing these structures on mucin polypeptides. While the Gram-negative symbiont, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron grows poorly on mucin glycoproteins, we demonstrate a clear ability of R. torques to liberate products from mucins, making them accessible to B. thetaiotaomicron . This work underscores the diversity of mucin-degrading mechanisms in different bacterial species and the probability that some species are contingent on others for the ability to more fully access mucin-derived nutrients. The ability of R. torques to directly degrade a variety of mucin and mucin glycan structures and unlock released glycans for other species suggests that it is a keystone mucin degrader, which may contribute to its association with IBD. Importance An important facet of maintaining healthy symbiosis between host and intestinal microbes is the mucus layer, the first defense protecting the epithelium from lumenal bacteria. Some gut bacteria degrade different components of intestinal mucins, but detailed mechanisms used by different species are still emerging. It is imperative to understand these mechanisms as they likely dictate interspecies interactions and may illuminate particular species associated with bacterial mucus destruction and subsequent disease susceptibility. Ruminococcus torques is positively associated with IBD in multiple studies. We identified mucin glycan-degrading enzymes in R. torques and found that it shares mucin degradation products with another gut bacterium implicated in IBD, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron . Our findings underscore the importance of understanding the mucin degradation mechanisms of different gut bacteria and their consequences on interspecies interactions, which may identify keystone bacteria that disproportionately contribute to defects in mucus protection and could therefore be targets to prevent or treat IBD.
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134
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Doranga S, Krogfelt KA, Cohen PS, Conway T. Nutrition of Escherichia coli within the intestinal microbiome. EcoSal Plus 2024:eesp00062023. [PMID: 38417452 DOI: 10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0006-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
In this chapter, we update our 2004 review of "The Life of Commensal Escherichia coli in the Mammalian Intestine" (https://doi.org/10.1128/ecosalplus.8.3.1.2), with a change of title that reflects the current focus on "Nutrition of E. coli within the Intestinal Microbiome." The earlier part of the previous two decades saw incremental improvements in understanding the carbon and energy sources that E. coli and Salmonella use to support intestinal colonization. Along with these investigations of electron donors came a better understanding of the electron acceptors that support the respiration of these facultative anaerobes in the gastrointestinal tract. Hundreds of recent papers add to what was known about the nutrition of commensal and pathogenic enteric bacteria. The fact that each biotype or pathotype grows on a different subset of the available nutrients suggested a mechanism for succession of commensal colonizers and invasion by enteric pathogens. Competition for nutrients in the intestine has also come to be recognized as one basis for colonization resistance, in which colonized strain(s) prevent colonization by a challenger. In the past decade, detailed investigations of fiber- and mucin-degrading anaerobes added greatly to our understanding of how complex polysaccharides support the hundreds of intestinal microbiome species. It is now clear that facultative anaerobes, which usually cannot degrade complex polysaccharides, live in symbiosis with the anaerobic degraders. This concept led to the "restaurant hypothesis," which emphasizes that facultative bacteria, such as E. coli, colonize the intestine as members of mixed biofilms and obtain the sugars they need for growth locally through cross-feeding from polysaccharide-degrading anaerobes. Each restaurant represents an intestinal niche. Competition for those niches determines whether or not invaders are able to overcome colonization resistance and become established. Topics centered on the nutritional basis of intestinal colonization and gastrointestinal health are explored here in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Doranga
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Karen A Krogfelt
- Department of Science and Environment, Pandemix Center Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Paul S Cohen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Tyrrell Conway
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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135
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Yang J, Qin K, Sun Y, Yang X. Microbiota-accessible fiber activates short-chain fatty acid and bile acid metabolism to improve intestinal mucus barrier in broiler chickens. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0206523. [PMID: 38095466 PMCID: PMC10782983 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02065-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The intestinal mucus barrier, located at the interface of the intestinal epithelium and the microbiota, is the first line of defense against pathogenic microorganisms and environmental antigens. Dietary polysaccharides, which act as microbiota-accessible fiber, play a key role in the regulation of intestinal microbial communities. However, the mechanism via which dietary fiber affects the intestinal mucus barrier through targeted regulation of the gut microbiota is not clear. This study provides fundamental evidence for the benefits of dietary fiber supplementation in broiler chickens through improvement in the intestinal mucus barrier by targeted regulation of the gut ecosystem. Our findings suggest that the microbiota-accessible fiber-gut microbiota-short-chain fatty acid/bile acid axis plays a key role in regulating intestinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kailong Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanpeng Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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136
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Arifuzzaman M, Collins N, Guo CJ, Artis D. Nutritional regulation of microbiota-derived metabolites: Implications for immunity and inflammation. Immunity 2024; 57:14-27. [PMID: 38198849 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Nutrition profoundly shapes immunity and inflammation across the lifespan of mammals, from pre- and post-natal periods to later life. Emerging insights into diet-microbiota interactions indicate that nutrition has a dominant influence on the composition-and metabolic output-of the intestinal microbiota, which in turn has major consequences for host immunity and inflammation. Here, we discuss recent findings that support the concept that dietary effects on microbiota-derived metabolites potently alter immune responses in health and disease. We discuss how specific dietary components and metabolites can be either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory in a context- and tissue-dependent manner during infection, chronic inflammation, and cancer. Together, these studies emphasize the influence of diet-microbiota crosstalk on immune regulation that will have a significant impact on precision nutrition approaches and therapeutic interventions for managing inflammation, infection, and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Arifuzzaman
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Nicholas Collins
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Chun-Jun Guo
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - David Artis
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Allen Discovery Center for Neuroimmune Interactions, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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137
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Xu K, Ren Y, Zhao S, Feng J, Wu Q, Gong X, Chen J, Xie P. Oral D-ribose causes depressive-like behavior by altering glycerophospholipid metabolism via the gut-brain axis. Commun Biol 2024; 7:69. [PMID: 38195757 PMCID: PMC10776610 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Our previous work has shown that D-ribose (RIB)-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice. However, the relationship between variations in RIB levels and depression as well as potential RIB participation in depressive disorder is yet unknown. Here, a reanalysis of metabonomics data from depressed patients and depression model rats is performed to clarify whether the increased RIB level is positively correlated with the severity of depression. Moreover, we characterize intestinal epithelial barrier damage, gut microbial composition and function, and microbiota-gut-brain metabolic signatures in RIB-fed mice using colonic histomorphology, 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, and untargeted metabolomics analysis. The results show that RIB caused intestinal epithelial barrier impairment and microbiota-gut-brain axis dysbiosis. These microbial and metabolic modules are consistently enriched in peripheral (fecal, colon wall, and serum) and central (hippocampus) glycerophospholipid metabolism. In addition, three differential genera (Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, Turicibacter, and Akkermansia) and two types of glycerophospholipids (phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine) have greater contributions to the overall correlations between differential genera and glycerophospholipids. These findings suggest that the disturbances of gut microbiota by RIB may contribute to the onset of depressive-like behaviors via regulating glycerophospholipid metabolism, and providing new insight for understanding the function of microbiota-gut-brain axis in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400010, Chongqing, China
- Lab of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinzhou Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyuan Wu
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, 404031, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Gong
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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Xia C, Duan C, Chen C, Yang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Ma Y. Effects of Electrolyte Multivitamins and Neomycin on Immunity and Intestinal Barrier Function in Transported Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:177. [PMID: 38254346 PMCID: PMC10812564 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Animals experience stress when they are transported. In this experiment, sixty 4-month-old lambs were randomly divided into three groups: CG (basal diet), EG (basal diet + 375 mg/d/lamb electrolytic multivitamin) and NG (basal diet + 200 mg/d/lamb neomycin). The transportation day was recorded as the 0th day. Blood, liver, spleen, jejunum and colon were collected on the 0th, 7th and 14th day. The results were as follows: In EG and NG groups, the lamb weights (p < 0.01), IgA and IgG (p < 0.05) increased significantly. The concentrations of ACTH, E, COR, IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-γ decreased significantly (p < 0.01). The content of colonic propionate increased significantly (p < 0.05). The villus height and V/C increased, and crypt depth decreased significantly (p < 0.01). The mRNA expressions of Occludin and MUC1, and the protein expression of Occludin in the jejunal mucosa, the mRNA expressions of ZO-1 and Occludin, and the protein expression in the colonic mucosa increased significantly (p < 0.01). The mRNA expression of TRAF6 and the protein expression of TLR4 in the jejunum decreased significantly (p < 0.05), as well as the mRNA expressions of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-kB, and the protein expression of NF-kB p65 and the mRNA expressions of TRAF6, TLR4 and NF-kB in the colon (p < 0.01). In conclusion, an electrolytic multivitamin could potentially improve the immunity and intestinal barrier function, and when it was added with 375 mg/d in the basal diet for each lamb from 2 d before transportation to 7 d after transportation, it had a better effect than neomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Xia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; (C.X.); (C.D.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Chunhui Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; (C.X.); (C.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Conghui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; (C.X.); (C.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xinyu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; (C.X.); (C.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yueqin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; (C.X.); (C.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuzhong Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
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139
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Byeon E, Jeong H, Lee YJ, Cho Y, Lee KW, Lee E, Jeong CB, Lee JS, Kang HM. Effects of microplastics and phenanthrene on gut microbiome and metabolome alterations in the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132620. [PMID: 37757554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution of the oceans is increasing, and toxic interactions between microplastics (MPs) and organic pollutants have become a major environmental concern. However, the combined effects of organic pollutants and MPs on microbiomes and metabolomes have not been studied extensively. In the present study, to evaluate whether MPs and phenanthrene (Phe) act synergistically in the guts of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma), we performed toxicity assessments, 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses. Our investigations revealed increased toxicity induced by Phe, as well as disturbances in gut microbiota (known as dysbiosis) when MPs were present. Furthermore, combined exposure to Phe and MPs resulted in greater alterations to microbiota composition and metabolite profiles. Notably, MP exposure was distinctly associated with the abundance of Shewanella and Spongiibacteraceae, while Phe exposure was associated with the abundance of Marimicrobium. Among key microbiota, Marimicrobium and Roseibacillus were significantly correlated with metabolites responsible for coenzyme A and glycerophospholipid metabolism in medaka. These results suggest that interactions between Phe and MPs may have significant effects on the gut microbiota and metabolism of aquatic organisms and underscore the importance of acknowledging the interplay between MPs and contaminants in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Haksoo Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Lee
- Marine Biotechnology & Bioresource Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, South Korea; KIOST School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
| | - Yeonwoo Cho
- Marine Biotechnology & Bioresource Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, South Korea; KIOST School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
| | - Kyun-Woo Lee
- Marine Biotechnology & Bioresource Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, South Korea; KIOST School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
| | - Euihyeon Lee
- Marine Biotechnology & Bioresource Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, South Korea; KIOST School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Marine Biotechnology & Bioresource Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, South Korea; KIOST School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, South Korea.
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140
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Gerrick ER, Zlitni S, West PT, Carter MM, Mechler CM, Olm MR, Caffrey EB, Li JA, Higginbottom SK, Severyn CJ, Kracke F, Spormann AM, Sonnenburg JL, Bhatt AS, Howitt MR. Metabolic diversity in commensal protists regulates intestinal immunity and trans-kingdom competition. Cell 2024; 187:62-78.e20. [PMID: 38096822 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The microbiota influences intestinal health and physiology, yet the contributions of commensal protists to the gut environment have been largely overlooked. Here, we discover human- and rodent-associated parabasalid protists, revealing substantial diversity and prevalence in nonindustrialized human populations. Genomic and metabolomic analyses of murine parabasalids from the genus Tritrichomonas revealed species-level differences in excretion of the metabolite succinate, which results in distinct small intestinal immune responses. Metabolic differences between Tritrichomonas species also determine their ecological niche within the microbiota. By manipulating dietary fibers and developing in vitro protist culture, we show that different Tritrichomonas species prefer dietary polysaccharides or mucus glycans. These polysaccharide preferences drive trans-kingdom competition with specific commensal bacteria, which affects intestinal immunity in a diet-dependent manner. Our findings reveal unappreciated diversity in commensal parabasalids, elucidate differences in commensal protist metabolism, and suggest how dietary interventions could regulate their impact on gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias R Gerrick
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Soumaya Zlitni
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Patrick T West
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew M Carter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Claire M Mechler
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew R Olm
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elisa B Caffrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jessica A Li
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Steven K Higginbottom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Christopher J Severyn
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Frauke Kracke
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alfred M Spormann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Justin L Sonnenburg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ami S Bhatt
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael R Howitt
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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141
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Bull C, Morén AT, Skokic V, Wilderäng U, Malipatlolla D, Alevronta E, Dunberger G, Sjöberg F, Bergmark K, Steineck G. Intra-abdominal Surgery and Intestinal Syndromes After Pelvic Radiation Therapy. Adv Radiat Oncol 2024; 9:101303. [PMID: 38260232 PMCID: PMC10801660 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2023.101303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the effects of intra-abdominal surgery on the intensities of 5 radiation-induced intestinal syndromes in survivors of pelvic cancer. Methods and Materials The analysis included 623 women born in 1927 or later who had survived cancer. They all had received external radiation therapy toward the pelvic area to treat gynecologic cancers. Information from 344 women who did not undergo irradiation, matched for age and residency, was also included. Main outcome measures after the surgical procedures were the intensity scores for 5 radiation-induced intestinal syndromes: urgency-tenesmus syndrome, fecal-leakage syndrome, excessive mucus discharge, excessive gas discharge, and blood discharge. The scores were based on symptom frequencies obtained from patient-reported outcomes and on factor loadings obtained from a previously reported factor analysis. Follow-up was 2 to 15 years after radiation therapy. Results Among survivors of cancer, intra-abdominal surgery increased the intensity of the urgency-tenesmus syndrome, the fecal-leakage syndrome, excessive gas discharge, and blood discharge but had a negligible effect on mucus discharge. Intra-abdominal surgery had an especially negative effect on the urgency-tenesmus syndrome. Although the combination of appendectomy with 1 or more other intra-abdominal surgeries resulted in the highest score for all syndromes, appendectomy alone had weak to no effect. In women who did not undergo irradiation, a similar pattern was seen, albeit with much lower scores. Conclusions We found intra-abdominal surgery to be a risk factor among survivors of gynecologic cancer, increasing the intensity score of 4 out of 5 radiation-induced intestinal syndromes. During radiation therapy, it may be worthwhile to pay extra attention to the dose of unwanted ionizing radiation to the intestines if the patient previously has undergone intra-abdominal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Bull
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amelie Toft Morén
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Viktor Skokic
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrica Wilderäng
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dilip Malipatlolla
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eleftheria Alevronta
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gail Dunberger
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Marie Cederschiöld University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fei Sjöberg
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases at the Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Bergmark
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Steineck
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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Wu H, Mu C, Xu L, Yu K, Shen L, Zhu W. Host-microbiota interaction in intestinal stem cell homeostasis. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2353399. [PMID: 38757687 PMCID: PMC11110705 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2353399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) play a pivotal role in gut physiology by governing intestinal epithelium renewal through the precise regulation of proliferation and differentiation. The gut microbiota interacts closely with the epithelium through myriad of actions, including immune and metabolic interactions, which translate into tight connections between microbial activity and ISC function. Given the diverse functions of the gut microbiota in affecting the metabolism of macronutrients and micronutrients, dietary nutrients exert pronounced effects on host-microbiota interactions and, consequently, the ISC fate. Therefore, understanding the intricate host-microbiota interaction in regulating ISC homeostasis is imperative for improving gut health. Here, we review recent advances in understanding host-microbiota immune and metabolic interactions that shape ISC function, such as the role of pattern-recognition receptors and microbial metabolites, including lactate and indole metabolites. Additionally, the diverse regulatory effects of the microbiota on dietary nutrients, including proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals (e.g. iron and zinc), are thoroughly explored in relation to their impact on ISCs. Thus, we highlight the multifaceted mechanisms governing host-microbiota interactions in ISC homeostasis. Insights gained from this review provide strategies for the development of dietary or microbiota-based interventions to foster gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Wu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunlong Mu
- Food Informatics, AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Laipeng Xu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaifan Yu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Le Shen
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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143
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Siracusa F, Tintelnot J, Cortesi F, Gagliani N. Diet and immune response: how today's plate shapes tomorrow's health. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:4-10. [PMID: 37949784 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition is emerging as a promising therapeutic tool to modulate the immune system in health and disease. We propose that the timing of dietary interventions is probably what determines their success. In this context, we explore recent research that identifies the early phases of dietary intervention as critical time windows for modulating immunity and optimizing cancer therapy. Furthermore, we highlight how the timing of intervention can yield different outcomes. The data suggest that nutrient availability and absorption over a short period can significantly impact mammalian immune and even non-immune landscapes. This, in turn, can lead to changes in mucosal and systemic immunity, potentially exacerbating or ameliorating inflammation, and perhaps influencing tumor cells and their response to cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Siracusa
- Department of General, Visceral, and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joseph Tintelnot
- I and II Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Filippo Cortesi
- Department of General, Visceral, and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Department of General, Visceral, and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; I and II Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), Hamburg, Germany.
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144
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Zheng M, Ye H, Yang X, Shen L, Dang X, Liu X, Gong Y, Wu Q, Wang L, Ge X, Fang X, Hou B, Zhang P, Tang R, Zheng K, Huang XF, Yu Y. Probiotic Clostridium butyricum ameliorates cognitive impairment in obesity via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:565-587. [PMID: 37981012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The gut microbiota-brain axis is altered in obesity and linked to cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we targeted obesity-induced cognitive impairment by testing the impact of the probiotic Clostridium butyricum, which has previously shown beneficial effects on gut homeostasis and brain function. Firstly, we characterized and analyzed the gut microbial profiles of participants with obesity and the correlation between gut microbiota and cognitive scores. Then, using an obese mouse model induced by a Western-style diet (high-fat and fiber-deficient diet), the effects of Clostridium butyricum on the microbiota-gut-brain axis and hippocampal cognitive function were evaluated. Finally, fecal microbiota transplantation was performed to assess the functional link between Clostridium butyricum remodeling gut microbiota and hippocampal synaptic protein and cognitive behaviors. Our results showed that participants with obesity had gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an increase in phylum Proteobacteria and a decrease in Clostridium butyricum, which were closely associated with cognitive decline. In diet-induced obese mice, oral Clostridium butyricum supplementation significantly alleviated cognitive impairment, attenuated the deficit of hippocampal neurite outgrowth and synaptic ultrastructure, improved hippocampal transcriptome related to synapses and dendrites; a comparison of the effects of Clostridium butyricum in mice against human AD datasets revealed that many of the genes changes in AD were reversed by Clostridium butyricum; concurrently, Clostridium butyricum also prevented gut microbiota dysbiosis, colonic barrier impairment and inflammation, and attenuated endotoxemia. Importantly, fecal microbiota transplantation from donor-obese mice with Clostridium butyricum supplementation facilitated cognitive variables and colonic integrity compared with from donor obese mice, highlighting that Clostridium butyricum's impact on cognitive function is largely due to its ability to remodel gut microbiota. Our findings provide the first insights into the neuroprotective effects of Clostridium butyricum on obesity-associated cognitive impairments and neurodegeneration via the gut microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Huaiyu Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xuemei Dang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yuying Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Qingyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Li Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110033, China
| | - Xing Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xiaoli Fang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Benchi Hou
- Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110033, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI) and School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Yinghua Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
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145
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Krekhno Z, Woodward SE, Serapio-Palacios A, Peña-Díaz J, Moon KM, Foster LJ, Finlay BB. Citrobacter rodentium possesses a functional type II secretion system necessary for successful host infection. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2308049. [PMID: 38299318 PMCID: PMC10841016 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2308049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diarrheal diseases are the third leading cause of mortality in young children, many of which are driven by Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. To establish successful host infections these pathogens employ a plethora of virulence factors necessary to compete with the resident microbiota, and evade and subvert the host defenses. The type II secretion system (T2SS) is one such conserved molecular machine that allows for the delivery of effector proteins into the extracellular milieu. To explore the role of the T2SS during natural host infection, we used Citrobacter rodentium, a murine enteric pathogen, as a model of human intestinal disease caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli such as Enteropathogenic and Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EPEC and EHEC). In this study, we determined that the C. rodentium genome encodes one T2SS and 22 potential T2SS-secreted protein effectors, as predicted via sequence homology. We demonstrated that this system was functional in vitro, identifying a role in intestinal mucin degradation allowing for its utilization as a carbon source, and promoting C. rodentium attachment to a mucus-producing colon cell line. During host infection, loss of the T2SS or associated effectors led to a significant colonization defect and lack of systemic spread. In mice susceptible to lethal infection, T2SS-deficient C. rodentium was strongly attenuated, resulting in reduced morbidity and mortality in infected hosts. Together these data highlight the important role of the T2SS and its effector repertoire during C. rodentium pathogenesis, aiding in successful host mucosal colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Krekhno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - SE Woodward
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Serapio-Palacios
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J Peña-Díaz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - KM Moon
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - LJ Foster
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - BB Finlay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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146
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Bourragat A, Escoula Q, Bellenger S, Zemb O, Beaumont M, Chaumonnot K, Farine JP, Jacotot E, Bonnotte A, Avoscan L, Lherminier J, Luo K, Narce M, Bellenger J. The transplantation of the gut microbiome of fat-1 mice protects against colonic mucus layer disruption and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by high fat diet. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2356270. [PMID: 38797998 PMCID: PMC11135845 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2356270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fat diets alter gut barrier integrity, leading to endotoxemia by impacting epithelial functions and inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in intestinal secretory goblet cells. Indeed, ER stress, which is an important contributor to many chronic diseases such as obesity and obesity-related disorders, leads to altered synthesis and secretion of mucins that form the protective mucus barrier. In the present study, we investigated the relative contribution of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs)-modified microbiota to alleviating alterations in intestinal mucus layer thickness and preserving gut barrier integrity. Male fat-1 transgenic mice (exhibiting endogenous omega-3 PUFAs tissue enrichment) and wild-type (WT) littermates were fed either an obesogenic high-fat diet (HFD) or a control diet. Unlike WT mice, HFD-fed fat-1 mice were protected against mucus layer alterations as well as an ER stress-mediated decrease in mucin expression. Moreover, cecal microbiota transferred from fat-1 to WT mice prevented changes in the colonic mucus layer mainly through colonic ER stress downregulation. These findings highlight a novel feature of the preventive effects of omega-3 fatty acids against intestinal permeability in obesity-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Bourragat
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Quentin Escoula
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- Valorex, La Messayais, Combourtillé, France
| | - Sandrine Bellenger
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Zemb
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Martin Beaumont
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Killian Chaumonnot
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Farine
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, UMR6265 CNRS, UMR1324 INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuel Jacotot
- L’Institut Agro Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Aline Bonnotte
- Agroécologie, L’Institut Agro Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Plateforme DimaCell, Dijon, France
| | - Laure Avoscan
- Agroécologie, L’Institut Agro Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Plateforme DimaCell, Dijon, France
| | - Jeanine Lherminier
- Agroécologie, L’Institut Agro Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Plateforme DimaCell, Dijon, France
| | - Kangjia Luo
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Michel Narce
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jérôme Bellenger
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
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147
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Wang J, Zhao X, Li X, Jin X. Akkermansia muciniphila: a deworming partner independent of type 2 immunity. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2338947. [PMID: 38717824 PMCID: PMC11086001 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2338947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has coevolved with the host for hundreds of millions of years, playing a beneficial role in host health. Human parasitic helminths are widespread and pose a pervasive global public health issue. Although Type 2 immunity provides partial resistance to helminth infections, the composition of the gut microbiota can change correspondingly. Therefore, it raises the question of what role the gut microbiota plays during helminth infection. Akkermansia muciniphila has emerged as a notable representative of beneficial microorganisms in the gut microbiota. Recent studies indicate that A. muciniphila is not merely associated with helminth infection but is also causally linked to infection. Here, we provide an overview of the crosstalk between A. muciniphila and enteric helminth infection. Our goal is to enhance our understanding of the interplay among A. muciniphila, helminths, and their hosts while also exploring the potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiufeng Zhao
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Xianhe Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Xuemin Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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148
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Kassai S, de Vos P. Gastrointestinal barrier function, immunity, and neurocognition: The role of human milk oligosaccharide (hMO) supplementation in infant formula. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13271. [PMID: 38284595 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Breastmilk is seen as the gold standard for infant nutrition as it provides nutrients and compounds that stimulate gut barrier, immune, and brain development to the infant. However, there are many instances where it is not possible for an infant to be fed with breastmilk, especially for the full 6 months recommended by the World Health Organization. In such instances, infant formula is seen as the next best approach. However, infant formulas do not contain human milk oligosaccharides (hMOs), which are uniquely present in human milk as the third most abundant solid component. hMOs have been linked to many health benefits, such as the development of the gut microbiome, the immune system, the intestinal barrier, and a healthy brain. This paper reviews the effects of specific hMOs applied in infant formula on the intestinal barrier, including the not-often-recognized intestinal alkaline phosphatase system that prevents inflammation. Additionally, impact on immunity and the current proof for effects in neurocognitive function and the corresponding mechanisms are discussed. Recent studies suggest that hMOs can alter gut microbiota, modulate intestinal immune barrier function, and promote neurocognitive function. The hMOs 2'-fucosyllactose and lacto-N-neotetraose have been found to have positive effects on the development of infants and have been deemed safe for use in formula. However, their use has been limited due to their cost and complexity of synthesis. Thus, although many benefits have been described, complex hMOs and combinations of hMOs with other oligosaccharides are the best approach to stimulate gut barrier, immune, and brain development and for the prevention of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Kassai
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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149
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Cui Z, Xu L, Zhao M, Zhou L. Akkermansia muciniphila MucT attenuates sodium valproate-induced hepatotoxicity and upregulation of Akkermansia muciniphila in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18026. [PMID: 37961985 PMCID: PMC10805509 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the previous study, we found that the oral sodium valproate (SVP) increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) in rats, and plasma aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were positively correlated with A. muciniphila levels. This study aimed to further investigate the role of A. muciniphila in SVP-induced hepatotoxicity by orally supplementing rats with the representative strain of A. muciniphila, A. muciniphila MucT. Additionally, the fresh faeces were incubated anaerobically with SVP to investigate the effect of SVP on faecal A. muciniphila in the absence of host influence. Results showed that A. muciniphila MucT ameliorated the hepatotoxicity and upregulation of A. muciniphila induced by SVP. SVP also induced a noteworthy elevation of A. muciniphila level in vitro, supporting the observation in vivo. Therefore, we speculate that A. muciniphila MucT may be a potential therapeutic strategy for SVP-induced hepatotoxicity. In addition, the increased A. muciniphila induced by SVP may differ from A. muciniphila MucT, but further evidence is needed. These findings provide new insights into the relationships between A. muciniphila and SVP-induced hepatotoxicity, highlighting the potential for different A. muciniphila strains to have distinct or even opposing effects on SVP-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Cui
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouChina
- Department of Orthopaedics of the 3rd Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Liang Xu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Ming Zhao
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Luping Zhou
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouChina
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150
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Xu H, Pudlo NA, Cantu-Jungles TM, Tuncil YE, Nie X, Kaur A, Reuhs BL, Martens EC, Hamaker BR. When simplicity triumphs: niche specialization of gut bacteria exists even for simple fiber structures. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:ycae037. [PMID: 38645272 PMCID: PMC11032216 DOI: 10.1093/ismeco/ycae037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Structurally complex corn bran arabinoxylan (CAX) was used as a model glycan to investigate gut bacteria growth and competition on different AX-based fine structures. Nine hydrolyzate segments of the CAX polymer varying in chemical structure (sugars and linkages), CAX, five less complex non-corn arabinoxylans, and xylose and glucose were ranked from structurally complex to simple. The substrate panel promoted different overall growth and rates of growth of eight Bacteroides xylan-degrading strains. For example, Bacteroides cellulosilyticus DSM 14838 (Bacteroides cellulosilyticus) grew well on an array of complex and simple structures, while Bacteroides ovatus 3-1-23 grew well only on the simple structures. In a competition experiment, B. cellulosilyticus growth was favored over B. ovatus on the complex AX-based structure. On the other hand, on the simple structure, B. ovatus strongly outcompeted B. cellulosilyticus, which was eliminated from the competitive environment by Day 11. This adaptation to fine structure and resulting competition dynamics indicate that dietary fiber chemical structures, whether complex or simple, favor certain gut bacteria. Overall, this work supports a concept that fiber degraders diversify their competitive abilities to access substrates across the spectrum of heterogeneity of fine structural features of dietary fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Xu
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
- Present address: Nestlé Health Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Nicholas A Pudlo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical Sciences Research Building II, 1150 W Medical Center Dr., University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Thaisa M Cantu-Jungles
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Yunus E Tuncil
- Food Engineering Department, Yeni Meram Boulevard Kasım Halife Street, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey
| | - Xin Nie
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Bradley L Reuhs
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Eric C Martens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical Sciences Research Building II, 1150 W Medical Center Dr., University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Bruce R Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
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