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Jasmani L, Rusli R, Khadiran T, Jalil R, Adnan S. Application of Nanotechnology in Wood-Based Products Industry: A Review. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:207. [PMID: 33146807 PMCID: PMC7642047 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Wood-based industry is one of the main drivers of economic growth in Malaysia. Forest being the source of various lignocellulosic materials has many untapped potentials that could be exploited to produce sustainable and biodegradable nanosized material that possesses very interesting features for use in wood-based industry itself or across many different application fields. Wood-based products sector could also utilise various readily available nanomaterials to enhance the performance of existing products or to create new value added products from the forest. This review highlights recent developments in nanotechnology application in the wood-based products industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifah Jasmani
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Rafeadah Rusli
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Tumirah Khadiran
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Rafidah Jalil
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Sharmiza Adnan
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Malaysia
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102
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103
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Kusmono, Listyanda RF, Wildan MW, Ilman MN. Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystal extracted from ramie fibers by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05486. [PMID: 33235939 PMCID: PMC7670211 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from ramie fibers through chemical pretreatments accompanied by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. The influences of both temperature and hydrolysis time on the properties of CNCs were discussed in the present study. The characterization of CNCs was conducted using FT-IR, XRD, TEM, and TGA. The results showed the characteristics of obtained CNCs were influenced significantly by both temperature and time of hydrolysis. The crystallinity, dimensions, and thermal stability of CNCs were found to reduce by increasing both temperature and reaction time of hydrolysis. The optimal hydrolysis parameters were achieved at 45 °C for 30 min with 58% sulfuric acid to produce CNCs, rod-like particles with a high crystallinity (90.77%), diameter (6.67 nm), length (145.61 nm), and best thermal stability among all CNCs. The obtained CNCs had a higher potential for application of alternative reinforcing fillers in the nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusmono
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - R. Faiz Listyanda
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Waziz Wildan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Mochammad Noer Ilman
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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104
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Hu D, Ma W. Nanocellulose as a Sustainable Building Block to Construct Eco-Friendly Thermally Conductive Composites. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wenshi Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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Jadhav H, Jadhav A, Takkalkar P, Hossain N, Nizammudin S, Zahoor M, Jamal M, Mubarak NM, Griffin G, Kao N. Potential of polylactide based nanocomposites-nanopolysaccharide filler for reinforcement purpose: a comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02287-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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106
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Thomas P, Duolikun T, Rumjit NP, Moosavi S, Lai CW, Bin Johan MR, Fen LB. Comprehensive review on nanocellulose: Recent developments, challenges and future prospects. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103884. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Hasan N, Rahman L, Kim SH, Cao J, Arjuna A, Lallo S, Jhun BH, Yoo JW. Recent advances of nanocellulose in drug delivery systems. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00499-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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108
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Jang JH, Hayashi N, Han SY, Park CW, Febrianto F, Lee SH, Kim NH. Changes in the Dimensions of Lignocellulose Nanofibrils with Different Lignin Contents by Enzymatic Hydrolysis. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102201. [PMID: 32992855 PMCID: PMC7600893 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the dimensions of lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) with different lignin contents from betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) by enzymatic hydrolysis using endoglucanase (EG) were investigated. Lignin contents were adjusted from 3% to 27% by NaClO2/acetic acid treatment, and LCNFs were prepared using a wet disk-mill (WDM). The dimensions of the LCNFs significantly decreased with decreasing lignin content and increasing EG addition. With increasing EG content, the average diameter of the LCNFs significantly decreased, even though they contained parts of hemicellulose and lignin. The crystal structure showed the typical cellulose I structure in all samples, but the intensity of the diffraction peak slightly changed depending on the lignin and EG contents. The crystallinity index (CrI) values of the LCNFs increased a maximum of 23.8% (LCNF-L27) under increasing EG addition, regardless of the lignin content. With the EG addition of three times the LCNF amount, LCNF-L3 showed the highest CrI value (59.1%). By controlling the composition and structure of LCNFs, it is expected that the wide range of properties of these materials can extend the property range available for existing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyuk Jang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-W.P.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Noriko Hayashi
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Ibaraki 300-1244, Japan;
| | - Song-Yi Han
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-W.P.); (S.-H.L.)
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Chan-Woo Park
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-W.P.); (S.-H.L.)
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Fauzi Febrianto
- Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-W.P.); (S.-H.L.)
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Kim
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-W.P.); (S.-H.L.)
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-250-8327
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Khalil HPSA, Jummaat F, Yahya EB, Olaiya NG, Adnan AS, Abdat M, N. A. M. N, Halim AS, Kumar USU, Bairwan R, Suriani AB. A Review on Micro- to Nanocellulose Biopolymer Scaffold Forming for Tissue Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2043. [PMID: 32911705 PMCID: PMC7565330 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers have been used as a replacement material for synthetic polymers in scaffold forming due to its biocompatibility and nontoxic properties. Production of scaffold for tissue repair is a major part of tissue engineering. Tissue engineering techniques for scaffold forming with cellulose-based material is at the forefront of present-day research. Micro- and nanocellulose-based materials are at the forefront of scientific development in the areas of biomedical engineering. Cellulose in scaffold forming has attracted a lot of attention because of its availability and toxicity properties. The discovery of nanocellulose has further improved the usability of cellulose as a reinforcement in biopolymers intended for scaffold fabrication. Its unique physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties offer some important advantages over synthetic polymer materials. This review presents a critical overview of micro- and nanoscale cellulose-based materials used for scaffold preparation. It also analyses the relationship between the method of fabrication and properties of the fabricated scaffold. The review concludes with future potential research on cellulose micro- and nano-based scaffolds. The review provides an up-to-date summary of the status and future prospective applications of micro- and nanocellulose-based scaffolds for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. P. S. Abdul Khalil
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (N.G.O.); (U.S.U.K.)
| | - Fauziah Jummaat
- Management Science University Medical Centre, University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga, Section 13, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Esam Bashir Yahya
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (N.G.O.); (U.S.U.K.)
| | - N. G. Olaiya
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (N.G.O.); (U.S.U.K.)
| | - A. S. Adnan
- Management Science University Medical Centre, University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga, Section 13, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia;
- CKD Resource Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, USM, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Munifah Abdat
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23311, Indonesia;
| | - Nasir N. A. M.
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus USM, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (N.N.A.M.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Ahmad Sukari Halim
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus USM, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (N.N.A.M.); (A.S.H.)
| | - U. Seeta Uthaya Kumar
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (N.G.O.); (U.S.U.K.)
| | - Rahul Bairwan
- Department of Aeronautical engineering, School of Aeronautics, Neemrana 301705, Rajasthan, India;
| | - A. B. Suriani
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, UPSI, Tanjung Malim 35900, Perak, Malaysia;
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Wang H, Zhu JJ, Ma Q, Agarwal UP, Gleisner R, Reiner R, Baez C, Zhu JY. Pilot-Scale Production of Cellulosic Nanowhiskers With Similar Morphology to Cellulose Nanocrystals. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:565084. [PMID: 33015018 PMCID: PMC7500145 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.565084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes a class of cellulosic nanomaterials, cellulosic nanowhiskers (CNWs), and demonstrates scaled-up production with acid recovery using less expensive equipment made of common stainless steel rather than glass-lined steel. CNWs produced using concentrated maleic acid (MA) hydrolysis followed by mechanical fibrillation have morphology similar to MA-produced cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and sulfuric-acid-produced CNCs (S-CNCs) but differ in crystallinity. Applications of CNWs as a substitute for CNCs for which morphology and surface charge, rather than crystallinity, are the pertinent characteristics are presented. The tested CNW suspensions have a wider viscosity range of 0.001 to 1000 Pa.s over a variety of shear rates of 0.01 to 1000 1/s compared to S-CNCs of 0.001 to 0.1 Pa.s and are better suited for applications such as rheology modification and 3D printing. This study proposes CNWs as a less expensive and sustainable replacement for CNCs in applications that do not require crystalline properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jonathan J Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Qianli Ma
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Umesh P Agarwal
- USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Roland Gleisner
- USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Richard Reiner
- USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Carlos Baez
- USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, United States
| | - J Y Zhu
- USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, United States
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111
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Fotie G, Limbo S, Piergiovanni L. Manufacturing of Food Packaging Based on Nanocellulose: Current Advances and Challenges. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091726. [PMID: 32878236 PMCID: PMC7558397 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, environmental pollution due to synthetic polymers represents one of the biggest worldwide challenges. As demonstrated in numerous scientific articles, plant-based nanocellulose (NC) is a biodegradable and nontoxic material whose mechanical, rheological, and gas barrier properties are competitive compared to those of oil-based plastics. However, the sensitivity of NC in humid ambient and lack of thermosealability have proven to be a major obstacle that hinders its breakthrough in various sectors including food packaging. In recent years, attempts have been made in order to provide a hydrophobic character to NC through chemical modifications. In addition, extensive works on nanocellulose applications in food packaging such as coating, layer-by-layer, casting, and electrospinning have been reported. Despite these enormous advances, it can easily be observed that packaging manufacturers have not yet shown a particular interest in terms of applicability and processability of the nanocellulose due to the lack of guidelines and guarantee on the success of their implementation. This review is useful for researchers and packaging manufacturers because it puts emphasis on recent works that have dealt with the nanocellulose applications and focuses on the best strategies to be adopted for swift and sustainable industrial manufacturing scale-up of high-performance bio-based/compostable packaging in replacement of the oil-based counterparts used today.
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112
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Fujiki M, Wang L, Ogata N, Asanoma F, Okubo A, Okazaki S, Kamite H, Jalilah AJ. Chirogenesis and Pfeiffer Effect in Optically Inactive Eu III and Tb III Tris(β-diketonate) Upon Intermolecular Chirality Transfer From Poly- and Monosaccharide Alkyl Esters and α-Pinene: Emerging Circularly Polarized Luminescence (CPL) and Circular Dichroism (CD). Front Chem 2020; 8:685. [PMID: 32903703 PMCID: PMC7438854 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report emerging circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) at 4f-4f transitions when lanthanide (EuIII and TbIII) tris(β-diketonate) embedded to cellulose triacetate (CTA), cellulose acetate butyrate (CABu), D-/L-glucose pentamethyl esters (D-/L-Glu), and D-/L-arabinose tetramethyl esters (D-/L-Ara) are in film states. Herein, 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedionate (fod) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione (dpm) were chosen as the β-diketonates. The glum value of Eu(fod)3 in CABu are +0.0671 at 593 nm (5D0→7F1) and −0.0059 at 613 nm (5D0→7F2), respectively, while those in CTA are +0.0463 and −0.0040 at these transitions, respectively. The glum value of Tb(fod)3 in CABu are −0.0029 at 490 nm (5D4→7F6), +0.0078 at 540 nm (5D4→7F5), and −0.0018 at 552 nm (5D4→7F5), respectively, while those in CTA are −0.0053, +0.0037, and −0.0059 at these transitions, respectively. D-/L-Glu and D-/L-Ara induced weaker glum values at 4f-4f transitions of Eu(fod)3, Tb(fod)3, and Tb(dpm)3. For comparison, Tb(dpm)3 in α-pinene showed clear CPL characteristics, though Eu(dpm)3 did not. A surplus charge neutralization hypothesis was applied to the origin of attractive intermolecular interactions between the ligands and saccharides. This idea was supported from the concomitant opposite tendency in upfield 19F-NMR and downfield 1H-NMR chemical shifts of Eu(fod)3 and the opposite Mulliken charges between F-C bonds (fod) and H-C bonds (CTA and D-/L-Glu). An analysis of CPL excitation (CPLE) and CPL spectra suggests that (+)- and (–)-sign CPL signals of EuIII and TbIII at different 4f-4f transitions in the visible region are the same with the (+)-and (–)-sign exhibited by CPLE bands at high energy levels of EuIII and TbIII in the near-UV region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiya Fujiki
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Laibing Wang
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Nanami Ogata
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Fumio Asanoma
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Asuka Okubo
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Shun Okazaki
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kamite
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Abd Jalil Jalilah
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan.,School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Jejawi, Malaysia.,Centre of Excellence Frontier Materials Research, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Malaysia
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113
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Alimohammadzadeh R, Medina L, Deiana L, Berglund LA, Córdova A. Mild and Versatile Functionalization of Nacre-Mimetic Cellulose Nanofibrils/Clay Nanocomposites by Organocatalytic Surface Engineering. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:19363-19370. [PMID: 32803029 PMCID: PMC7424572 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Development of surface-engineering strategies, which are facile, versatile, and mild, are highly desirable in tailor-made functionalization of high-performance bioinspired nanocomposites. We herein disclose for the first time a general organocatalytic strategy for the functionalization and hydrophobization of nacre-mimetic nanocomposites, which includes vide supra key aspects of surface engineering. The merging of metal-free catalysis and the design of nacre-mimetic nanocomposite materials were demonstrated by the organocatalytic surface engineering of cellulose nanofibrils/clay nanocomposites providing the corresponding bioinspired nanocomposites with good mechanical properties, hydrophobicity, and useful thia-, amino, and olefinic functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lilian Medina
- Department
of Fiber and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luca Deiana
- Department
of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Lars A. Berglund
- Department
of Fiber and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Armando Córdova
- Department
of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
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114
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Liu H, Liu K, Han X, Xie H, Si C, Liu W, Bae Y. Cellulose Nanofibrils-based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: Progresses and Challenges. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4622-4646. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200303102859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNFs) are natural nanomaterials with nanometer
dimensions. Compared with ordinary cellulose, CNFs own good mechanical properties, large specific
surface areas, high Young's modulus, strong hydrophilicity and other distinguishing characteristics,
which make them widely used in many fields. This review aims to introduce the preparation
of CNFs-based hydrogels and their recent biomedical application advances.
Methods:
By searching the recent literatures, we have summarized the preparation methods of
CNFs, including mechanical methods and chemical mechanical methods, and also introduced the
fabrication methods of CNFs-based hydrogels, including CNFs cross-linked with metal ion and
with polymers. In addition, we have summarized the biomedical applications of CNFs-based hydrogels,
including scaffold materials and wound dressings.
Results:
CNFs-based hydrogels are new types of materials that are non-toxic and display a certain
mechanical strength. In the tissue scaffold application, they can provide a micro-environment for
the damaged tissue to repair and regenerate it. In wound dressing applications, it can fit the wound
surface and protect the wound from the external environment, thereby effectively promoting the
healing of skin tissue.
Conclusion:
By summarizing the preparation and application of CNFs-based hydrogels, we have
analyzed and forecasted their development trends. At present, the research of CNFs-based hydrogels
is still in the laboratory stage. It needs further exploration to be applied in practice. The development
of medical hydrogels with high mechanical properties and biocompatibility still poses significant
challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hongxiang Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chuanling Si
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Youngsoo Bae
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 33032, China
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Kamel R, El-Wakil NA, Dufresne A, Elkasabgy NA. Nanocellulose: From an agricultural waste to a valuable pharmaceutical ingredient. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1579-1590. [PMID: 32755697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose was and still is the most abundant biopolymer generated from all plant fibers including agricultural wastes. Using this waste as a starting material in the production of new products is a field of great interest. The demand for renewable and available resources in combination with advanced technologies is a necessity to develop new generations of advanced nanomaterials. This review aims to present integrated details on the extraction techniques and structure of nanofibrillated cellulose as well as cellulose nanocrystals derived from agricultural wastes besides the different treatment methods used to be suitable for several pharmaceutical applications. Different pharmaceutical applications are described, including controlled, sustained or rapid drug delivery, stabilizing agent, and its use as safe and sustained environment for cell culture allowing its use in tissue engineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Kamel
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Nahla A El-Wakil
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Alain Dufresne
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nermeen A Elkasabgy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt..
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Michelin M, Gomes DG, Romaní A, Polizeli MDLTM, Teixeira JA. Nanocellulose Production: Exploring the Enzymatic Route and Residues of Pulp and Paper Industry. Molecules 2020; 25:E3411. [PMID: 32731405 PMCID: PMC7436152 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing environmental and sustainability concerns, caused by current population growth, has promoted a raising utilization of renewable bio-resources for the production of materials and energy. Recently, nanocellulose (NC) has been receiving great attention due to its many attractive features such as non-toxic nature, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, associated with its mechanical properties and those related to its nanoscale, emerging as a promising material in many sectors, namely packaging, regenerative medicine, and electronics, among others. Nanofibers and nanocrystals, derived from cellulose sources, have been mainly produced by mechanical and chemical treatments; however, the use of cellulases to obtain NC attracted much attention due to their environmentally friendly character. This review presents an overview of general concepts in NC production. Especial emphasis is given to enzymatic hydrolysis processes using cellulases and the utilization of pulp and paper industry residues. Integrated process for the production of NC and other high-value products through enzymatic hydrolysis is also approached. Major challenges found in this context are discussed along with its properties, potential application, and future perspectives of the use of enzymatic hydrolysis as a pretreatment in the scale-up of NC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Michelin
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.R.); (J.A.T.)
| | - Daniel G. Gomes
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.R.); (J.A.T.)
| | - Aloia Romaní
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.R.); (J.A.T.)
| | - Maria de Lourdes T. M. Polizeli
- Department of Biology, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-901, Brazil;
| | - José A. Teixeira
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.R.); (J.A.T.)
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Zhai L, Kim HC, Kim JW, Kim J. Simple centrifugal fractionation to reduce the size distribution of cellulose nanofibers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11744. [PMID: 32678164 PMCID: PMC7366905 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Since cellulose nanofiber (CNF) has unique characteristics in terms of renewability, high specific elastic modulus and strength and transparency, it is attractive for a building block of future materials. CNF can be extracted from various natural resource by several means. However, the size of the extracted CNF is very broad and uniformity of the extracted CNF is very important for many applications. Thus, a fractionation process is necessary to obtain a uniformly sized CNF. In this paper, a simple centrifugal fractionation was carried out to reduce the size distribution of the extracted CNF suspension from hardwood pulp by the combination of TEMPO oxidation and aqueous counter collision methods. The original CNF suspension was diluted and centrifuged under low speed to remove cellulose microfibers then centrifuged under high speed to separate very small CNF. The centrifugation condition is 10 k rpm for 1 h followed by 45 k rpm for 4 h. The fractionated CNF was analyzed by an atomic force microscopy, and the length and width distribution histogram analysis was utilized. UV-visible analysis, FT-IR and XRD crystallinity analysis were carried out to analyze all fractionated CNFs and the original CNF. After centrifugal fractionation, the width and length distribution range were reduced by 62% and 70%, respectively. It is shown that the centrifugal fractionation is an easy and efficient method to fractionate a uniform CNF suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindong Zhai
- Center for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-Ro, Michuhol-Ku, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Hyun Chan Kim
- Center for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-Ro, Michuhol-Ku, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Jung Woong Kim
- Center for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-Ro, Michuhol-Ku, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Jaehwan Kim
- Center for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-Ro, Michuhol-Ku, Incheon, 22212, Korea.
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High-Yield Lignocellulosic Fibers from Date Palm Biomass as Reinforcement in Polypropylene Composites: Effect of Fiber Treatment on Composite Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061423. [PMID: 32604725 PMCID: PMC7361707 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, date palm waste (DPW) stemming from the annual pruning of date palm was used as reinforcing filler in polypropylene (PP) matrix at 40% w/w. Three pre-treatment routes were performed for the DPW, namely (i) defibration, (ii) soft alkali treatment, and (iii) enzymatic treatment, to obtain date palm fibers (DPF) and to investigate the effect of each process on their chemical composition, which will ultimately affect the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. The enzymatic and alkali treatment, combined with maleated polypropylene (MAPP) as a coupling agent, resulted in a composite with higher strength and stiffness than the neat PP. The differences in the reinforcing effect were explained by the change in the morphology of DPF and their chemical surface composition according to the selected treatment of DPW. Enzymatic treatment maximized the tensile strength of the compound as a consequence of an improvement in the interfacial shear strength and the intrinsic resistance of the fibers.
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119
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Ingverud T, Erlandsson J, Wågberg L, Malkoch M. Dendritic Polyampholyte-Assisted Formation of Functional Cellulose Nanofibril Materials. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2856-2863. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Ingverud
- Division of Coating Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Erlandsson
- Division of Fibre Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Wågberg
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Fibre Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Malkoch
- Division of Coating Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Kumar V, Pathak P, Bhardwaj NK. Facile chemo-refining approach for production of micro-nanofibrillated cellulose from bleached mixed hardwood pulp to improve paper quality. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 238:116186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Morales-Medina R, Dong D, Schalow S, Drusch S. Impact of microfluidization on the microstructure and functional properties of pea hull fibre. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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122
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Rasheed M, Jawaid M, Parveez B, Zuriyati A, Khan A. Morphological, chemical and thermal analysis of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from bamboo fibre. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:183-191. [PMID: 32454108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This work investigates the extraction of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from bamboo fibre as an alternative approach to utilize the waste bamboo fibre. In this study, bamboo fibre was subjected to acid hydrolysis for efficient isolation of CNC from bamboo fibre. The extracted CNC's were morphologically, characterized via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The energy Dispersive X-rays (EDX) provided the elemental composition of the prepared CNC's and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) exhibited their crystallinity. The physiochemical analysis was done via Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR); and their thermal analysis was revealed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). As from their morphological investigations, rod like structures of CNC's were observed under SEM analysis with higher carbon content as demonstrated by EDX, while needle shaped CNC's were observed from TEM and AFM studies. Acid hydrolysis for 45 min resulted into higher degree of crystallinity and higher yield of CNC's about 86.96% and 22% respectively. Owing to higher quality of CNC's obtained as a result of efficient and modified techniques, these can find potential usage in nanocomposites for biomedical and food packaging application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masrat Rasheed
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Jawaid
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Bisma Parveez
- Kulliyah of Engineering (KOE), Islamic International University Malaysia,53100 IIUM Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ainun Zuriyati
- Laboratory of Biopolymers and Derivatives, Institute of tropical forestry and forest products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anish Khan
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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123
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Mostafavi FS, Zaeim D. Agar-based edible films for food packaging applications - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:1165-1176. [PMID: 32442572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Agar is a biopolymer extracted from certain red algae. The continuous and transparent film made from agar gum is becoming a common and renewable alternative for plastic-based food packaging materials. However, plain agar film suffers from brittleness, high moisture permeability, and poor thermal stability. Considerable researches have been devoted to improving the properties of agar films to extend their applications. These include reinforcements by nanomaterials, blending with other biopolymers, and incorporating plasticizers, hydrophobic components, or antimicrobial agents into their structure. This article comprehensively reviews the functional properties and defects of edible films made from agar gum. Also, it describes various strategies and components used to make an agar film with desirable properties. Moreover, the applications of agar-based edible films with improved functionality for food packaging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davood Zaeim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
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124
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Sato T, Mori S, Septiyanti M, Nakamura H, Hongo C, Matsumoto T, Nishino T. Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanofiber cryogels as oil absorbents and enzymatic lipolysis scaffolds. Carbohydr Res 2020; 493:108020. [PMID: 32407824 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) materials have received much attention as sustainable "green" materials with high mechanical properties. Their application in oil absorption and enzymatic lipolysis makes them further attractive from the perspective of environmental issues including marine pollution preservation. Herein, we prepared CNF cryogels with various surface properties, evaluated their capacities as oil absorbents and applied them as lipase-lipolysis scaffolds. Their obtained cryogels consisted of various modified CNFs and their structure and properties were investigated. Moreover, lipase-supported CNF cryogels were prepared for enzymatic lipolysis. The cryogels of protonated TEMPO-oxidized CNF showed the highest absorption capacity for olive oil, while all the CNF cryogels possessed similar absorption abilities towards water. In enzymatic lipolysis with lipase, the TEMPO-oxidized CNF (TOCN-Na+) cryogel showed the highest specific activity. The specific activities of lipase in TOCN-Na+ cryogels remained unchanged after being stored at 40 °C for 3 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Sato
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shunichi Mori
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Melati Septiyanti
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chizuru Hongo
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
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125
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Wu J, Zhu W, Shi X, Li Q, Huang C, Tian Y, Wang S. Acid-free preparation and characterization of kelp (Laminaria japonica) nanocelluloses and their application in Pickering emulsions. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 236:115999. [PMID: 32172833 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from kelp were prepared by cellulase treatment with lengths greater than 3 μm. CNFs were further oxidized by TEMPO-oxidized system, and the lengths of the oxidized CNFs (TEMPO-CNFs) were 0.6-1 μm. AFM and TEM images showed that intertwined CNFs fibers were divided into individual nanofibrils. The crystallinity of TEMPO-CNFs increased to 66.5 %. TGA analysis indicated that TEMPO-CNFs were more sensitive to temperature than cellulose and CNFs. FT-IR spectra revealed no changes in the basic cellulose structures of CNFs and TEMPO-CNFs. In the sunflower oil/water (20/80, v/v) model emulsions, the oil droplet sizes were less than 20 μm in CNFs emulsions, which became smaller in TEMPO-CNFs emulsions. Delamination was found in CNFs emulsions after three days of storage. Addition of NaCl increased the volumes of TEMPO-CNFs emulsions but enlarged the oil droplets sizes. TEMPO-CNFs emulsions had the largest volume with smallest and most homogeneous oil droplets at pH 3. TEMPO-CNFs emulsions showed good stability after storage for 30 days. Further, TEMPO-CNFs could also emulsify 50 % (v/v) of sunflower oil. All these results indicated that TEMPO-CNFs can be used in preparing Pickering emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiulin Wu
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Wenjin Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaodan Shi
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qingxiang Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chenguang Huang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yongqi Tian
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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126
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Tarrés Q, Oliver-Ortega H, Alcalà M, Espinach FX, Mutjé P, Delgado-Aguilar M. Research on the Strengthening Advantages on Using Cellulose Nanofibers as Polyvinyl Alcohol Reinforcement. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E974. [PMID: 32331220 PMCID: PMC7240559 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work aims to combine the unique properties of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to obtain high-performance nanocomposites. CNF were obtained by means of TEMPO-mediated ((2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl) oxidation, incorporated into the PVA matrix by means of compounding in a single-screw co-rotating internal mixer and then processed by means of injection molding. It was found that CNF were able to improve the tensile strength of PVA in 85% when 4.50 wt % of CNF were added. In addition, the incorporation of a 2.25 wt % of CNF enhanced the tensile strength to the same level that when 40 wt % of microsized fibers (stone groundwood pulp, SGW) were incorporated, which indicated that CNF possessed significantly higher intrinsic mechanical properties than microsized fibers. SGW was selected as reference for microsized fibers due to their extended use in wood plastic composites. Finally, a micromechanical analysis was performed, obtaining coupling factors near to 0.2, indicating good interphase between CNF and PVA. Overall, it was found that the use of CNF is clearly advantageous to the use of common cellulosic fibers if superior mechanical properties are desired, but there are still some limitations that are related to processing that restrict the reinforcement content at low contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quim Tarrés
- LEPAMAP Research Group, Department of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain; (Q.T.); (H.O.-O.); (P.M.)
| | - Helena Oliver-Ortega
- LEPAMAP Research Group, Department of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain; (Q.T.); (H.O.-O.); (P.M.)
| | - Manel Alcalà
- PRODIS Research Group, Department of Organization, Business Management and Product Design, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain; (M.A.); (F.X.E.)
| | - F. Xavier Espinach
- PRODIS Research Group, Department of Organization, Business Management and Product Design, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain; (M.A.); (F.X.E.)
| | - Pere Mutjé
- LEPAMAP Research Group, Department of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain; (Q.T.); (H.O.-O.); (P.M.)
| | - Marc Delgado-Aguilar
- LEPAMAP Research Group, Department of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain; (Q.T.); (H.O.-O.); (P.M.)
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127
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Cellulose from sources to nanocellulose and an overview of synthesis and properties of nanocellulose/zinc oxide nanocomposite materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:1050-1073. [PMID: 32201207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, environmental and ecological concerns are increasing due to the usage of petroleum-based products so the synthesis of ultra-fine chemicals and functional materials from natural resources is drawing a tremendous level of attention. Nanocellulose, a unique and promising natural material extracted from native cellulose, may prove to be most ecofriendly materials that are technically and economically feasible in modern times, minimizing the pollution generation. Nanocellulose has gained tremendous attention for its use in various applications, due to its excellent special surface chemistry, physical properties, and remarkable biological properties (biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity). Various types of nanocellulose, viz. cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), are deeply introduced and compared in this work in terms of sources, production, structures and properties. The metal and metal oxides especially zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are broadly used in various fields due to the diversity of functional properties such as antimicrobial and ultraviolet (UV) properties. Thus, the advancement of nanocellulose and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs)-based composites materials are summarized in this article in terms of the preparation methods and remarkable properties with the help of recent knowledge and significant findings (especially from the past six years reports). The nanocellulose materials complement zinc oxide nanoparticles, where they impart their functional properties to the nanoparticle composites. As a result hybrid nanocomposite containing nanocellulose/zinc oxide composite has shown excellent mechanical, UV barrier, and antibacterial properties. The nanocellulose based hybrid nanomaterials have huge potential applications in the area of food packaging, biopharmaceuticals, biomedical, and cosmetics. Thus the functional composite materials containing nanocellulose and zinc oxide will determine the potential biomedical application for nanocellulose.
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128
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Preparation of Microfibrillated Cellulose from Wood Pulp through Carbamate Modification and Colloid Milling. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10061977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper studies a new convenient method to prepare microfibrillated cellulose from a bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp. First, the wood pulp was reacted with urea to produce cellulose carbamate (CC), and then the CC was treated with colloid mill in an acidic medium. A feasible preparation process for CC was to soak the pulp with the urea solution, and then the cellulose pulp was dewatered, dried, and reacted with urea at high temperatures above the melting point of urea. The Kjeldahl method, infrared spectroscopy, and solid 13C NMR were used to confirm the effectiveness of the reaction. On the basis of CC with the degree of substitution, DS = 0.123, the aqueous suspension with 2% content of CC at pH values of 1, 3, or 7 was severally ground by a colloid milling. After centrifugation, the nanocellulose carbamate fiber (CCNF) in the supernatant was obtained. X-ray diffraction showed that CC and CCNF had the same crystal form as the cellulose pulp, but the crystallinity decreased successively. The nanometer diameter of the CCNF fiber was observed with scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that when the pH value of the CC suspension decreased during the colloid milling, the crystallinity of the CCNF decreased along with the decrease of fiber diameter, and the zeta potential of the supernatant increased. This indicated that carbamate side groups of CC were protonated at low pHs and the cation repulsion between cellulose molecular chains enhanced the driving force of the pulp separation to CCNF. Interestingly, the thermal stability of CCNF is comparable to that of the original cellulose, and the enhancement effect of CCNF on starch can be clearly observed even at a relatively low loading of CCNF.
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129
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Comparison Of Mechanical And Chemical Nanocellulose As Additives To Reinforce Recycled Cardboard. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3778. [PMID: 32123213 PMCID: PMC7051956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60507-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycling cycles cause a decrease in mechanical paper properties due to cellulose fiber degradation. The use of cellulose micro/nanofibers (CMF/CNF) to reinforce paper strength has been well studied, although it has been found to have negative effects on drainage. However, the application of CMF/CNF as paper reinforcement is affected by the nanocellulose type. Thus in this study mechanical and chemical treatments in CNF production were compared. Old corrugated container (OCC) pulp used to produce recycled cartonboard was reinforced with 1) CMF from never-dried northern bleached softwood kraft pulp (NBSK) highly refined in a 16-inch low consistency refiner at 1200 rpm and 25 kW of net power; and 2) CNF from NBSK pulp treated by TEMPO-mediated oxidation and homogenization at 600 bars. CMF/CNF and OCC were pulped at the same time and handsheets formed with cationic starch (CS) as retention system. Mechanical, drainage and flocculation properties were evaluated and compared. Data were also compared with other sources of TEMPO CNF. Results show an improvement in mechanical properties, drainage and flocculation when OCC is reinforced with CMF obtained with LCR. Therefore, high fibrillation was not necessary to improve mechanical paper or cardboard properties.
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130
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Charreau H, Cavallo E, Foresti ML. Patents involving nanocellulose: Analysis of their evolution since 2010. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116039. [PMID: 32241405 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During the last two decades cellulosic nanomaterials have been the subject of much research around the world. Moreover, in the last few years, increasing industrial interest on the field enabled the setting-up of the first facilities producing commercial quantities of nanocelluloses; whereas a number of inventions involving cellulose nano-objects are claimed every year. In this context, the current article describes the recent evolution (from 2010 till 2017) of published patents which explicitly include in their title, abstract and/or claims references to cellulose nano-objects such as cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils and bacterial nanocellulose. Results evidence the astonishing increase in nanocellulose patents since 2010, and specially within the last three years surveyed (i.e. 2015-2017), when published documents accounted for ca. 70 % of the total number of patents published since 2010. Besides patent timelines, data is analysed in terms of patent owners, countries of application, and citing number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Charreau
- Área de Inteligencia Tecnológica, Clarke, Modet y Cia. Argentina S.A., Lavalle 190, 3° Piso, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ema Cavallo
- Grupo de Biotecnología y Materiales Biobasados, Instituto de Tecnología en Polímeros y Nanotecnología (ITPN-UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Las Heras 2214 (CP 1127AAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Intendente Güiraldes 2620 (CP 1428BGA) - Pabellón de Industrias, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Laura Foresti
- Grupo de Biotecnología y Materiales Biobasados, Instituto de Tecnología en Polímeros y Nanotecnología (ITPN-UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Las Heras 2214 (CP 1127AAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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131
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Wakabayashi M, Fujisawa S, Saito T, Isogai A. Nanocellulose Film Properties Tunable by Controlling Degree of Fibrillation of TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose. Front Chem 2020; 8:37. [PMID: 32117870 PMCID: PMC7031498 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A fibrous 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized wood cellulose/water slurry was disintegrated with a magnetic stirrer or high-pressure homogenizer under various conditions to prepare TEMPO-oxidized cellulose (TOC)/water dispersions with different degrees of fibrillation. The turbidity value of the as-prepared dispersion was used as a measure of the degree of nanofibrillation of the fibrous TOC slurry in water. The fibrillated TOC/water dispersions with low degrees of fibrillation had cellulose nanonetwork (CNNeW) structures consisting of TOC nanofibrils (TOCNs), unfibrillated TOC fibers, and fibril bundles. The original TOC/water slurry and partly fibrillated TOC/water dispersions with low degrees of fibrillation were converted to a sheet and films, respectively, in a short time by membrane filtration, and they had low bulk densities and high porosities. Membrane filtration of an almost completely nanofibrillated TOC/water or TOCN dispersion took a long time, but the as-prepared TOCN films had the highest light transparency, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and work of fracture. The oxygen permeabilities of the films at 23°C and 50% relative humidity were as low as 1-2 ml μm m-2 day-1 kPa-1 among the films prepared from the fibrillated TOC/water dispersions with a wide turbidity range of 0.01-0.45. Therefore, TEMPO-oxidized CNNeW films with the versatile optical, porous, and mechanical properties but similarly low oxygen permeabilities can be prepared by controlling the degree of fibrillation of the TOC/water slurry (Graphical Abstract).
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Wakabayashi
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Fujisawa
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuguyuki Saito
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Isogai
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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132
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Assessing the Flexural Properties of Epoxy Composites with Extremely Low Addition of Cellulose Nanofiber Content. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10031159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Epoxy resins are a widely used common polymer due to their excellent mechanical properties. On the other hand, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is one of the new generation of fibers, and recent test results show that CNF reinforced polymers have high mechanical properties. It has also been reported that an extremely low CNF addition increases the mechanical properties of the matrix resin. In this study, we prepared extremely-low CNF (~1 wt.%) reinforced epoxy resin matrix (epoxy-CNF) composites, and tried to understand the strengthening mechanism of the epoxy-CNF composite through the three-point flexural test, finite element analysis (FEA), and discussion based on organic chemistry. The flexural modulus and strength were significantly increased by the extremely low CNF addition (less than 0.2 wt.%), although the theories for short-fiber-reinforced composites cannot explain the strengthening mechanism of the epoxy-CNF composite. Hence, we propose the possibility that CNF behaves as an auxiliary agent to enhance the structure of the epoxy molecule, and not as a reinforcing fiber in the epoxy resin matrix.
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133
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Vilaseca F, Serra A, Kochumalayil JJ. Xyloglucan coating for enhanced strength and toughness in wood fibre networks. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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134
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Kumar V, Pathak P, Bhardwaj NK. Waste paper: An underutilized but promising source for nanocellulose mining. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 102:281-303. [PMID: 31704510 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose has achieved an inimitable place and value in nano-materials research sector. Promising and exclusive physical, chemical and biological properties of nanocellulose make it an attractive and ideal material for various high end-user applications. Conventionally, the base material for nanocellulose i.e. cellulose is being extracted from various lignocellulosic raw materials (like wood, agro-industrial-residues, etc.) using pulping followed by bleaching sequences. As an alternate to lignocellulosic raw materials, waste paper also showed potential as a competent raw material due to its abundant availability and high cellulosic content (60-70%) with comparatively less hemicelluloses (10-20%) and lignin (5-10%) without any harsh treatments. The production yields of nanocellulose were reported to vary from 1.5% to 64% depending upon the waste papers and treatments given. The diameters of these nanocelluloses were reported in the range of 2-100 nm and crystallinity range around 54-95%. Thermal degradation of waste paper nanocellulose was varied from 187 °C to 371 °C. Although these properties are comparable with the nanocellulose obtained from lignocellulosic raw materials, yet waste paper is an underutilized source for nanocellulose preparation due to its ordinary fate of recycling, dumping and incineration. In the sight of necessity and possibility of waste paper utilization, this article reviews the outcomes of research carried out for preparation of nanocellulose using waste paper as a source of cellulose. There is a need of sincere investigation to convert this valuable waste to wealth i.e. waste papers to nanocellulose, which will be helpful in solid waste management to protect environment in economical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Kumar
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials Group, Avantha Centre for Industrial Research & Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar 135001, India
| | - Puneet Pathak
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials Group, Avantha Centre for Industrial Research & Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar 135001, India
| | - Nishi Kant Bhardwaj
- Avantha Centre for Industrial Research & Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar 135001, India.
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135
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Facile isolation of cellulose nanofibers from water hyacinth using water-based mechanical defibrillation: Insights into morphological, physical, and rheological properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 145:64-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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136
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Yang X, Reid MS, Olsén P, Berglund LA. Eco-Friendly Cellulose Nanofibrils Designed by Nature: Effects from Preserving Native State. ACS NANO 2020; 14:724-735. [PMID: 31886646 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) show high modulus and strength and are already used in industrial applications. Mechanical properties of neat CNF films or CNF-polymer matrix nanocomposites are usually much better than for polymer matrix composite films reinforced by clay, graphene, graphene oxide, or carbon nanotubes. In order to obtain small CNF diameter and colloidal stability, chemical modification has so far been necessary, but this increases cost and reduces eco-friendly attributes. In this study, an unmodified holocellulose CNF (Holo-CNF) with small diameter is obtained from mildly peracetic acid delignified wood fibers. CNF is readily defibrillated by low-energy kitchen blender processing. The hemicellulose coating on individual fibrils in the wood plant cell wall is largely preserved in Holo-CNF. This "native" CNF shows well-preserved native fibril structure in terms of length (∼2.1 μm), diameter (<5 nm), high crystallinity, high cellulose molar mass, electronegative charge, and limited mechanical processing damage. The hemicellulose coating contributes mechanical properties and high optical transmittance for CNF nanopaper, which can otherwise only be achieved with chemically modified CNFs. The CNF nanopaper shows superior mechanical properties with a Young's modulus of 21 GPa and an ultimate strength of 320 MPa. Moreover, hemicellulose imparts recyclability from the dried state. Altogether, this native CNF represents a class of colloidally stable, eco-friendly, low-cost CNF of small diameter for large-scale applications of nanopaper and nanomaterials.
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137
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Emerging challenges in the thermal management of cellulose nanofibril-based supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 234:115888. [PMID: 32070508 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, extensive efforts have been devoted to electronic miniaturization and integration. Accordingly, heating up of electronics has become a critical problem that needs to be urgently solved by efficient and reliable thermal management. Electronic device substrates made of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) exhibit outstanding flexibility, mechanical properties, and optical properties. Combining CNFs with high-thermal-conductivly fillers is an effective thermal management technique. This paper focuses on the thermal management of electronic devices and highlights the potential of CNF-based materials for efficient thermal management of energy storage electronic such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells. A high-thermal-conductivity composite material for electronic devices can be obtained by combining CNFs as the framework material with carbon nanotubes, graphene, and inorganic nitrides. Moreover, The research progress in the application of CNFs-based materials for supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells is highlighted, and the emerging challenges of different CNFs-based energy storage devices are discussed.
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138
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Shao C, Yang J. Dynamics in Cellulose-Based Hydrogels with Reversible Cross-Links. SELF-HEALING AND SELF-RECOVERING HYDROGELS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2019_58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
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139
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Daicho K, Kobayashi K, Fujisawa S, Saito T. Crystallinity-Independent yet Modification-Dependent True Density of Nanocellulose. Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:939-945. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuho Daicho
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kayoko Kobayashi
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shuji Fujisawa
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tsuguyuki Saito
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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140
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Khattab TA, Dacrory S, Abou-Yousef H, Kamel S. Smart microfibrillated cellulose as swab sponge-like aerogel for real-time colorimetric naked-eye sweat monitoring. Talanta 2019; 205:120166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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141
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Wijaya CJ, Ismadji S, Aparamarta HW, Gunawan S. Optimization of cellulose nanocrystals from bamboo shoots using Response Surface Methodology. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02807. [PMID: 31844732 PMCID: PMC6889032 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose-based advanced materials, such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), have high potential application for drug delivery system. In this study, the CNC were produced from bamboo shoots using acid hydrolysis process. The delignification of bamboo shoots was conducted using alkali and hydrogen peroxide pretreatment processes. The operating condition of the production of CNC from bamboo shoots was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on the yield and crystals recovery as the responses. The optimum CNC yield of 50.67 ± 0.74% with a crystals recovery of 77.99 ± 1.14% was obtained at the sulfuric acid concentration of 54.73 wt% and a temperature of 39 °C from the optimization based on the yield. This optimization has been validated to confirm the accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J. Wijaya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya, 60114, Indonesia
| | - Suryadi Ismadji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya, 60114, Indonesia
| | - Hakun W. Aparamarta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
| | - Setiyo Gunawan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
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142
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Wang X, Zeng J, Gao W, Chen K, Wang B, Xu J. Endoglucanase recycling for disintegrating cellulosic fibers to fibrils. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 223:115052. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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143
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Kumari P, Pathak G, Gupta R, Sharma D, Meena A. Cellulose nanofibers from lignocellulosic biomass of lemongrass using enzymatic hydrolysis: characterization and cytotoxicity assessment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 27:683-693. [PMID: 31654377 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lemongrass (LG) leaves could be a useful source of cellulose after its oil extraction, which is still either dumped or burned, not considered as a cost-effective approach. The synthesis of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) from LG waste has emerged as a beneficial alternative in the value-added applications. The non-toxicity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility of CNF have raised the interest in its manufacturing. METHOD In the present study, we have isolated and characterized CNFs using enzymatic hydrolysis. We also explored the cytotoxic properties of the final material. The obtained products were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric/differential thermal gravimetric analysis (TG/DTG). The cytotoxicity of CNF was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against three different cancer cell lines NCIH460, PA1, and L132 cells. RESULTS The FT-IR results showed that the resulting sample was of cellulose species, and CNF was found free from the non-cellulosic components like lignin and hemicellulose. The SEM micrographs of the cellulose showed a bundle like structure. The TEM micrographs of CNF showed diverse long fibers structure with 105.7 nm particle size analysed using DLS. The TGA analysis revealed that the thermal stability was slightly lower, compared to cellulose. Additionally, CNF did not show the cytotoxic effect at the tested concentrations (~10-1000 μg/ml) in any of the cell lines. CONCLUSION Overall, the results concluded that LG waste-derived CNF is a potential sustainable material and could be employed as a favourable reinforcing agent or nanocarriers in diverse areas, mainly in food and drug delivery sectors. Graphical abstract Systematic representation of the synthesis of the cellulose nanofibers: The lignocellulosic waste of lemongrass (after oil extraction) was pretreated for the isolation of raw cellulose, followed by enzyme hydrolysis for the synthesis of pure cellulose nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kumari
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 015, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Gauri Pathak
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 015, India
| | - Ruby Gupta
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Sector-64, Phase-X, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Sector-64, Phase-X, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 015, India. .,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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144
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Bajaj P, Mahajan R. Cellulase and xylanase synergism in industrial biotechnology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8711-8724. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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145
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Peterson A, Östergren I, Lotsari A, Venkatesh A, Thunberg J, Ström A, Rojas R, Andersson M, Berglund LA, Boldizar A, Müller C. Dynamic Nanocellulose Networks for Thermoset-like yet Recyclable Plastics with a High Melt Stiffness and Creep Resistance. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3924-3932. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ramiro Rojas
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center and Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Lars A. Berglund
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center and Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
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146
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Patiño-Masó J, Serra-Parareda F, Tarrés Q, Mutjé P, Espinach FX, Delgado-Aguilar M. TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers: A Potential Bio-Based Superabsorbent for Diaper Production. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9091271. [PMID: 31489948 PMCID: PMC6781086 DOI: 10.3390/nano9091271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Single-use plastics are expected to disappear, mainly due to the rise of stricter regulations to combat their impact on the environment. As an example, the recent European Directive on Single-Use-Plastics (SUP) will be implemented between 2021 and 2024 and will directly prohibit the use of some SUP. Baby diapers are one of the most used single-used products in our daily lives, and it is estimated that most of the ~4000 diapers that each baby uses in their life go to landfill. Such diapers usually contain superabsorbent polymers (SAP) that are based on acrylic acid-acrylamide mixtures with high water retention capacity, but they are neither bio-based nor biodegradable. In this work, we have developed bio-based superabsorbent aerogels made of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and propose their potential use in baby diapers. TEMPO-oxidized CNF at different oxidation degrees were prepared and tested. The obtained CNF exhibited higher free swelling capacity (FSC) than the commercial fluff pulp (ranging from 117.62% to 245.21% higher) and also than the diaper absorbent, except for CNF-5 (ranging from 31.56% to 54.55%), even under compression. Overall, the present work shows a case study where CNF could have a potential application with market opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Patiño-Masó
- IRQV Institute, Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77-17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Ferran Serra-Parareda
- LEPAMAP Research Group, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Quim Tarrés
- LEPAMAP Research Group, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Pere Mutjé
- LEPAMAP Research Group, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - F Xavier Espinach
- PRODIS Research group, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Marc Delgado-Aguilar
- LEPAMAP Research Group, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61-17003 Girona, Spain.
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147
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Melt-processing of cellulose nanofibril/polylactide bionanocomposites via a sustainable polyethylene glycol-based carrier system. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 224:115188. [PMID: 31472860 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Considering the appealing need for an industrially viable approach, this works aims at demonstrating the rapid and easy melt processing of Polylactide (PLA) bio-composites reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils (CNF). For this purpose and against to their high propensity to self-aggregate on processing, an aqueous CNF-based suspension in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) followed by a gentle drying way were performed to provide melt-processable CNF-based masterbatches. Morphological observations coupled with rheological analyses confirmed how the strategy of the PEG-based masterbatch approach facilitated the formation of a well-dispersed and strongly interacting CNF network within the polymeric matrix. At temperatures above Tg, thermo-mechanical characterization showed that the load-bearing capacity of the web-like CNF network was even more apparent and counteracted the PEG plasticizing effect. Thermogravimetric analysis evidenced that in the case of selective positioning at the PLA-PEG interface, CNF mitigated the negative impact of PEG addition on the PLA thermal stability. These results revealed the successfulness of our sustainable organic solvent-free approach to prepare melt-processable CNF masterbatches, which can be readily converted into conventional industrially scalable melt-processing techniques.
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148
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Tayeb P, H Tayeb A. Nanocellulose applications in sustainable electrochemical and piezoelectric systems: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 224:115149. [PMID: 31472850 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies advocate the use of cellulose nanomaterials (CNs) as a sustainable carbohydrate polymer in numerous innovative electronics for their quintessential features such as flexibility, low thermal expansion and self-/directed assembly within multiphase matrices. Herein, we review the contemporary advances in CN-built electrochemical systems and highlight the constructive effects of these nanoscopic entities once engineered in conductive composites, proton exchange membranes (PEMs), electrochromics, energy storage devices and piezoelectric sensors. The adopted strategies and designs are discussed in view of CN roles as copolymer, electrolyte reservoir, binder and separator. Finally, physiochemical attributes and durability of resulting architectures are compared to conventional materials and the possible challenges/solutions are delineated to realize the promising capabilities. The volume of the up-to-present literature in the field indeed implies to nanocellulose overriding importance and the presented angles perhaps shed more lights on prospect of the biosphere's most dominant biomaterial in the energy-related arena that deserve attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Tayeb
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Ali H Tayeb
- School of Forest Resources, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Advanced Structures and Composites Center, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
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149
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Hybrid films of cellulose nanofibrils, chitosan and nanosilica—Structural, thermal, optical, and mechanical properties. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 218:87-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Kontturi E, Spirk S. Ultrathin Films of Cellulose: A Materials Perspective. Front Chem 2019; 7:488. [PMID: 31380342 PMCID: PMC6652239 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A literature review on ultrathin films of cellulose is presented. The review focuses on different deposition methods of the films-all the way from simple monocomponent films to more elaborate multicomponent structures-and the use of the film structures in the vast realm of materials science. The common approach of utilizing cellulose thin films as experimental models is therefore omitted. The reader will find that modern usage of cellulose thin films constitutes an exciting emerging area within materials science and it goes far beyond the traditional usage of the films as model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Stefan Spirk
- Institute of Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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