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Pisanu C, Tsermpini EE, Skokou M, Kordou Z, Gourzis P, Assimakopoulos K, Congiu D, Meloni A, Balasopoulos D, Patrinos GP, Squassina A. Leukocyte telomere length is reduced in patients with major depressive disorder. Drug Dev Res 2019; 81:268-273. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pisanu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | | | - Maria Skokou
- Psychiatric Clinic, Patras General Hospital Patras Greece
| | - Zoe Kordou
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Patras School of Health Sciences Patras Greece
| | - Philippos Gourzis
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Patras School of Health Sciences Patras Greece
| | | | - Donatella Congiu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | - Anna Meloni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | | | - George P. Patrinos
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Patras School of Health Sciences Patras Greece
- Department of PathologyUnited Arab Emirates University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences Al‐Ain UAE
- Zayed Center of Health SciencesUnited Arab Emirates University Al‐Ain UAE
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
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Ridout KK, Ridout SJ, Guille C, Mata DA, Akil H, Sen S. Physician-Training Stress and Accelerated Cellular Aging. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 86:725-730. [PMID: 31230727 PMCID: PMC6788968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is a key precipitant for many common diseases, but established biological markers to track stress and guide investigations into mechanisms linking stress and disease are lacking. Cross-sectional studies have identified correlations between stress and telomere attrition, but no large, longitudinal studies examining the impacts of chronic stress on telomere length exist. Residency training for physicians is a well-established stressful experience and can be used as a prospective stress model. METHODS In a longitudinal cohort study of 250 interns (first-year residents) at 55 United States hospital systems serving during the 2015-2016 academic year, we examined associations between measures of the residency experience and saliva-measured telomere attrition. RESULTS Telomere length shortened significantly over the course of internship year, from mean ± SD of 6465.1 ± 876.8 base pairs before internship to 6321.5 ± 630.6 base pairs at the end of internship (t246 = 2.69; p = .008). Stressful early family environments and neuroticism were significantly associated with shorter preinternship telomere length. Longer work hours were associated with greater telomere intern telomere loss over the year (p = .002). Of note, the mean telomere attrition during internship year was six times greater than the typical annual attrition rate identified in a recent meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS This work implicates telomere attrition as a biologically measurable consequence of physician training, with the magnitude of attrition associated with workload. Identification of an objective, biological sequela of residency stress may help to facilitate the development of effective interventions. Further, the findings implicate telomere attrition as an objective biomarker to follow the pathologic effects of stress, in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn K. Ridout
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaiser Permanente, San Jose, CA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - Constance Guille
- Brain Research and Integrative Neuropsychopharmacology Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Douglas A. Mata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Brigham Education Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Huda Akil
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Srijan Sen
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Abstract
Objective The objective of this analysis was to explore associations between paraoxonase-1 levels, gene polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods Meta-analyses of paraoxonase-1 levels and Q192R and L55M and polymorphisms in systemic lupus erythematosus were conducted. Results Nine articles were incorporated in our meta-analysis, which uncovered that the paraoxonase-1 level was decreased in systemic lupus erythematosus compared to control (standard mean difference = −1.626, 95% confidence interval = −2.829–−0.424, p = 0.008). Ethnicity-specific meta-analysis demonstrated a relation tendency between decreased paraoxonase-1 activity and lupus in Europeans (standard mean difference = −1.236, 95% confidence interval = −2.634–0.163, p = 0.083). Paraoxonase-1 activity was reduced in systemic lupus erythematosus in a single Arab and African population. Decreased paraoxonase-1 activity was found in a small sample of systemic lupus erythematosus patients (standard mean difference = −1.642, 95% confidence interval = −3.076–−0.247, p = 0.021). Ethnicity-specific analysis indicated a relationship between the paraoxonase-1 55 M allele in the Arab systemic lupus erythematosus population. However, a lack of association with systemic lupus erythematosus and the paraoxonase-1 192 R allele was observed. Conclusions Meta-analyses revealed reduced paraoxonase-1 activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and found possible associations between systemic lupus erythematosus and paraoxonase-1 L55M polymorphism in a specific ethnic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- S -C Bae
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Valiati FE, Hizo GH, Pinto JV, Kauer-Sant`Anna M. The Possible Role of Telomere Length and Chemokines in the Aging Process: A Transdiagnostic Review in Psychiatry. CURRENT PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573400515666190719155906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:Psychiatric disorders are common, reaching a worldwide prevalence of 29.2%. They are associated with a high risk of premature death and with accelerated aging in clinical, molecular and neuroimaging studies. Recently, there is strong evidence suggesting a possible role of telomere length and chemokines in aging processes in psychiatric disorders.Objective:We aimed to review the literature on telomere length and chemokines and its association with early aging in mental illnesses on a transdiagnostic approach.Results:The review highlights the association between psychiatric disorders and early aging. Several independent studies have reported shorter telomere length and dysregulations on levels of circulating chemokines in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and anxiety disorders, suggesting a complex interaction between these markers in a transdiagnostic level. However, studies have investigated the inflammatory markers and telomere shortening separately and associated with a particular diagnosis, rather than as a transdiagnostic biological feature.Conclusion:There is consistent evidence supporting the relationship between accelerated aging, telomere length, and chemokines in mental disorders, but they have been studied individually. Thus, more research is needed to improve the knowledge of accelerated senescence and its biomarkers in psychiatry, not only individually in each diagnosis, but also based on a transdiagnostic perspective. Moreover, further research should try to elucidate how the intricate association between the chemokines and telomeres together may contribute to the aging process in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Endler Valiati
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Henrique Hizo
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jairo Vinícius Pinto
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Márcia Kauer-Sant`Anna
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Bateson M, Eisenberg DTA, Nettle D. Controlling for baseline telomere length biases estimates of the rate of telomere attrition. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190937. [PMID: 31824705 PMCID: PMC6837209 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal studies have sought to establish whether environmental exposures such as smoking accelerate the attrition of individuals' telomeres over time. These studies typically control for baseline telomere length (TL) by including it as a covariate in statistical models. However, baseline TL also differs between smokers and non-smokers, and telomere attrition is spuriously linked to baseline TL via measurement error and regression to the mean. Using simulated datasets, we show that controlling for baseline TL overestimates the true effect of smoking on telomere attrition. This bias increases with increasing telomere measurement error and increasing difference in baseline TL between smokers and non-smokers. Using a meta-analysis of longitudinal datasets, we show that as predicted, the estimated difference in telomere attrition between smokers and non-smokers is greater when statistical models control for baseline TL than when they do not, and the size of the discrepancy is positively correlated with measurement error. The bias we describe is not specific to smoking and also applies to other exposures. We conclude that to avoid invalid inference, models of telomere attrition should not control for baseline TL by including it as a covariate. Many claims of accelerated telomere attrition in individuals exposed to adversity need to be re-assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bateson
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Henry Wellcome Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | | | - Daniel Nettle
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Henry Wellcome Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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106
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Bae SC, Lee YH. Association between CD40 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus and correlation between soluble CD40 and CD40 ligand levels in the disease: a meta-analysis. Lupus 2019; 28:1452-1459. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203319878822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to systematically review evidence regarding the association between CD40 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus and between soluble CD40 (sCD40) and CD40 ligand (sCD40L) levels and systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods We performed a meta-analysis on the association between CD40 rs4810495, rs1883832, and rs376545 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus risk and sCD40/sCD40L levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and controls. Results Fourteen studies were included. Ethnicity-specific meta-analysis indicated a significant association between the T allele of CD40 rs4810485 polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus in Europeans (odds ratio = 0.715, 95% confidence interval = 0.641–0.832, p < 0.001) and a trend toward an association between the T allele and systemic lupus erythematosus in Asians (odds ratio = 1.255, 95% confidence interval = 0.978–1.810, p = 0.074). Furthermore, a significant association was reported between systemic lupus erythematosus and the C allele of CD40 rs1883832 polymorphism (odds ratio = 1.235, 95% confidence interval = 1.087–1.405, p = 0.001) and A allele of CD40 rs3765456 polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus in Asians (odds ratio = 1.184, 95% confidence interval = 1.040–1.348, p = 0.011). sCD40 and sCD40L levels were significantly higher in SLE than in controls (standardized mean difference = 1.564, 95% confidence interval = 0.256–2.872, p = 0.019 and standardized mean difference = 1.499, 95% confidence interval = 1.031–1.967, p < 0.001, respectively). Stratification based on ethnicity revealed higher sCD40L levels in the systemic lupus erythematosus group among European, Asian, North American, and Arab populations. Conclusions Our meta-analyses found associations between CD40 rs4810495, rs1883832, and rs376545 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility and significantly higher sCD40 and sCD40L levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus than in controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- S -C Bae
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ridout KK, Parade SH, Kao HT, Magnan S, Seifer R, Porton B, Price LH, Tyrka AR. Childhood maltreatment, behavioral adjustment, and molecular markers of cellular aging in preschool-aged children: A cohort study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 107:261-269. [PMID: 31174164 PMCID: PMC7839663 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Childhood maltreatment is a major risk factor for the development of behavioral problems and poor physical and mental health. Accelerated cellular aging, through reduced telomere length and mitochondrial dysfunction, may be a mechanism underlying these associations. METHODS Families with (n = 133) and without (n = 123) child welfare documentation of moderate-severe maltreatment in the past six months participated in this study. Children ranged in age from 3 to 5 years, were racially and ethnically diverse, and 91% qualified for public assistance. Structured record review and interviews were used to assess a history of maltreatment and other adversities. Telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) were measured from saliva DNA using real-time PCR. Measures were repeated at a six-month follow-up assessment. Repeated measures general linear models were used to examine the effects of maltreatment and other adversities on telomere length and mtDNAcn over time. RESULTS Maltreatment and other adverse experiences were significant positive predictors of both telomere length and mtDNAcn over time. Internalizing and externalizing behavior problems were also both significantly associated with telomere length, but only internalizing symptoms were associated with mtDNAcn. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to show that mtDNAcn is altered in children with stress and trauma, and the findings are consistent with recent studies of adults. Surprisingly, children who experienced moderate-severe levels of maltreatment in the prior six months had longer telomeres, possibly reflecting compensatory changes in response to recent trauma. Telomere length and mtDNAcn were also associated with behavioral problems, suggesting that these measures of cellular aging may be causally implicated in the pathophysiology of stress-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn K. Ridout
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stephanie H. Parade
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, E. P. Bradley Hospital, East Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hung-Teh Kao
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stevie Magnan
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ronald Seifer
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, E. P. Bradley Hospital, East Providence, RI, USA
| | - Barbara Porton
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lawrence H. Price
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Audrey R. Tyrka
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Address Correspondence to: Audrey R. Tyrka, M.D., Ph.D., Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Blvd., Providence, RI 02906. TEL: (401) 455-6520. FAX: (401) 455-6534.
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108
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Ghimire S, Hill CV, Sy FS, Rodriguez R. Decline in telomere length by age and effect modification by gender, allostatic load and comorbidities in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221690. [PMID: 31469870 PMCID: PMC6716670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to assess the decline in telomere length (TL) with age and evaluate effect modification by gender, chronic stress, and comorbidity in a representative sample of the US population. METHODS Cross-sectional data on 7826 adults with a TL measurement, were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, years 1999-2002. The population rate of decline in TL across 10-year age categories was estimated using crude and adjusted regression. RESULTS In an adjusted model, the population rate of decline in TL with age was consistent and linear for only three age categories: 20-29 (β = -0.0172, 95% CI: -0.0342, -0.0002), 50-59 (β = -0.0182, 95% CI: -0.0311, -0.0054) and 70-79 (β = -0.0170, 95% CI: -0.0329, -0.0011) years. The population rate of decline in TL with age was significantly greater for males and those with high allostatic load and a history of comorbidities. When the population rate of decline in TL was analyzed by gender in 10-year age bins, a fairly consistent yet statistically non-significant decline for males was observed; however, a trough in the rate was observed for females in the age categories 20-29 years (β = -0.0284, 95% CI: -0.0464, -0.0103) and 50-59 years (β = -0.0211, 95% CI: -0.0391, -0.0032). To further elucidate the gender difference observed in the primary analyses, secondary analyses were conducted with reproductive and hormonal status; a significant inverse association was found between TL and parity, menopause, and age at menopause. CONCLUSIONS TL was shorter with increasing age and this decline was modified by gender, chronic stress and comorbidities; individuals with chronic morbidity and/or chronic stress and females in their twenties and fifties experienced greater decline. Female reproductive factors, i.e., parity and menopause, were associated with TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saruna Ghimire
- Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States of America
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Carl V. Hill
- Office of Special Populations, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Francisco S. Sy
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America
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Han LKM, Verhoeven JE, Tyrka AR, Penninx BWJH, Wolkowitz OM, Månsson KNT, Lindqvist D, Boks MP, Révész D, Mellon SH, Picard M. Accelerating research on biological aging and mental health: Current challenges and future directions. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 106:293-311. [PMID: 31154264 PMCID: PMC6589133 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with complex biological changes that can be accelerated, slowed, or even temporarily reversed by biological and non-biological factors. This article focuses on the link between biological aging, psychological stressors, and mental illness. Rather than comprehensively reviewing this rapidly expanding field, we highlight challenges in this area of research and propose potential strategies to accelerate progress in this field. This effort requires the interaction of scientists across disciplines - including biology, psychiatry, psychology, and epidemiology; and across levels of analysis that emphasize different outcome measures - functional capacity, physiological, cellular, and molecular. Dialogues across disciplines and levels of analysis naturally lead to new opportunities for discovery but also to stimulating challenges. Some important challenges consist of 1) establishing the best objective and predictive biological age indicators or combinations of indicators, 2) identifying the basis for inter-individual differences in the rate of biological aging, and 3) examining to what extent interventions can delay, halt or temporarily reverse aging trajectories. Discovering how psychological states influence biological aging, and vice versa, has the potential to create novel and exciting opportunities for healthcare and possibly yield insights into the fundamental mechanisms that drive human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K M Han
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Oldenaller 1, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Josine E Verhoeven
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Oldenaller 1, the Netherlands
| | - Audrey R Tyrka
- Butler Hospital and the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Oldenaller 1, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Owen M Wolkowitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristoffer N T Månsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lindqvist
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA; Psychiatric Clinic, Lund, Division of Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marco P Boks
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dóra Révész
- Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases (CoRPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Synthia H Mellon
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Keng SL, Yim OS, Lai PS, Chew SH, Ebstein RP. Association among dispositional mindfulness, self-compassion, and leukocyte telomere length in Chinese adults. BMC Psychol 2019; 7:47. [PMID: 31331401 PMCID: PMC6647116 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-019-0323-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whereas meditation training has been purported to support slower cellular aging, little work has explored the association among different facets of dispositional mindfulness, self-compassion, and cellular aging. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL), an index of cellular aging, dispositional mindfulness, and self-compassion in a sample of Singaporean Chinese adults. Methods One hundred and fifty-eight Chinese adults (mean age = 27.24 years; 63.3% female) were recruited from the community and completed self-report measures assessing dispositional mindfulness, self-compassion, and psychological symptoms, as well as provided blood samples for analyses of LTL. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the role of trait mindfulness and self-compassion in predicting LTL, taking into consideration potential covariates such as chronological age and psychological symptoms. Results Results showed that nonreactivity, one of the five facets of dispositional mindfulness, was significantly associated with LTL, after controlling for chronological age. There was also a trend for dispositional mindfulness, self-compassion, and their selected facets (i.e., nonjudging, common humanity, and de-identification) to each be associated with longer LTL. Conclusions Overall, the findings provide preliminary support for the association among aspects of dispositional mindfulness, self-compassion, and aging. In particular, individuals high on nonreactivity experience slower aging at the cellular level, likely through engaging in more adaptive coping mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shian-Ling Keng
- Division of Social Science, Yale-NUS College, 16 College Ave West, #01-220, Singapore, 138527, Singapore.
| | - Onn Siong Yim
- Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Poh San Lai
- Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Soo Hong Chew
- Department of Economics, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Richard P Ebstein
- China Center for Behavior Economics and Finance, South Western University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China.
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Correlation between circulating VEGF levels and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis. Z Rheumatol 2019; 77:240-248. [PMID: 27844155 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-016-0229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review evidence regarding the relationship between circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the correlation between serum VEGF levels and RA activity, and the association between VEGF polymorphisms and RA susceptibility. METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis of the serum/plasma VEGF levels in patients with RA and controls, the correlation coefficients between the circulating VEGF levels and disease activity in patients with RA, and the association between VEGF -2578 A/C, -634 C/G, +936 T/C, and -1154 A/G polymorphisms and the risk for RA. RESULTS In total, 13 studies including 2508 patients with RA and 2489 controls were included. Meta-analysis revealed that VEGF level was significantly higher in the RA than in the control group (standard mean difference [SMD] = 1.480, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.71-2.241, p = 1.4 × 10-4). Stratification by adjustment for age and gender revealed significantly higher VEGF levels for the adjustment and non-adjustment groups in the RA group (SMD = 1.360, 95% CI = 0.445-2.276, p = 0.004; SMD = 1.557, 95% CI = 0.252-2.861, p = 0.019, respectively). Meta-analysis of correlation coefficients showed a significantly positive correlation between circulating VEGF levels and disease activity in RA, and between circulating VEGF and C‑reactive protein levels. However, no association was found between RA and the VEGF -2578 A/C, -634 C/G, +936 T/C, and -1154 A/G polymorphisms. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis revealed significantly higher circulating VEGF levels in patients with RA and a positive correlation between VEGF levels and disease activity in RA, but no association between the VEGF -2578 A/C, -634 C/G, +936 T/C, and -1154 A/G polymorphisms and the development of RA.
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Tian Y, Wang S, Jiao F, Kong Q, Liu C, Wu Y. Telomere Length: A Potential Biomarker for the Risk and Prognosis of Stroke. Front Neurol 2019; 10:624. [PMID: 31263449 PMCID: PMC6585102 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Age is associated with increased risk of stroke, while telomere length shortening plays a pivotal role in the process of aging. Moreover, telomere length shortening is associated with many risk factors of stroke in addition to age. Accumulated evidence shows that short leukocyte telomere length is not only associated with stroke occurrence but also associated with post-stroke recovery in the elderly population. In this review, we aimed to summarize the association between leukocyte telomere length and stroke, and discuss that telomere length might serve as a potential biomarker to predict the risk and prognosis of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fengjuan Jiao
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qingsheng Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Cumulative lifetime stress exposure and leukocyte telomere length attrition: The unique role of stressor duration and exposure timing. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 104:210-218. [PMID: 30884304 PMCID: PMC6518420 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress exposure occurring across the lifespan increases risk for disease, potentially involving telomere length shortening. Stress exposure during childhood and adulthood has been cross-sectionally linked with shorter telomere length. However, few longitudinal studies have examined telomere length attrition over time, and none have investigated how stressor duration (acute life events vs. chronic difficulties), timing (childhood vs. adulthood), and perceived severity may be uniquely related to telomere length shortening. METHODS To address these issues, we administered a standardized instrument for assessing cumulative lifetime stress exposure (Stress and Adversity Inventory; STRAIN) to 175 mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder or neurotypical children and measured their leukocyte telomere length (LTL) at baseline and 2 years later. RESULTS Greater count of lifetime stressors was associated with shorter LTL at baseline and greater LTL attrition over time. When separating lifetime stressors into acute life events and chronic difficulties, only greater count of chronic difficulties significantly predicted shorter baseline LTL and greater LTL attrition. Similarly, when examining timing of stressor exposure, only greater count of chronic childhood difficulties (age < 18) significantly predicted shorter baseline LTL and greater LTL attrition over the 2-year period in mid-life. Importantly, these results were robust while controlling for stressors occurring during the interim 2-year period. Post-hoc analyses suggested that chronic difficulties occurring during earlier childhood (0-12 years) were associated with greater LTL attrition. Cumulative stressor severity predicted LTL attrition in a parallel manner, but was less consistently associated with baseline LTL. CONCLUSIONS These data are the first to examine the effects of different aspects of cumulative lifetime stress exposure on LTL attrition over time, suggesting that accumulated chronic difficulties during childhood may play a unique role in shaping telomere shortening in midlife.
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Gillis JC, Chang SC, Wang W, Simon NM, Normand SL, Rosner BA, Blacker D, DeVivo I, Okereke OI. The relation of telomere length at midlife to subsequent 20-year depression trajectories among women. Depress Anxiety 2019; 36:565-575. [PMID: 30958913 PMCID: PMC6548605 DOI: 10.1002/da.22892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomeres cap and protect DNA but shorten with each somatic cell division. Aging and environmental and lifestyle factors contribute to the speed of telomere attrition. Current evidence suggests a link between relative telomere length (RTL) and depression but the directionality of the relationship remains unclear. We prospectively examined associations between RTL and subsequent depressive symptom trajectories. METHODS Among 8,801 women of the Nurses' Health Study, depressive symptoms were measured every 4 years from 1992 to 2012; group-based trajectories of symptoms were identified using latent class growth-curve analysis. Multinomial logistic models were used to relate midlife RTLs to the probabilities of assignment to subsequent depressive symptom trajectory groups. RESULTS We identified four depressive symptom trajectory groups: minimal depressive symptoms (62%), worsening depressive symptoms (14%), improving depressive symptoms (19%), and persistent-severe depressive symptoms (5%). Longer midlife RTLs were related to significantly lower odds of being in the worsening symptoms trajectory versus minimal trajectory but not to other trajectories. In comparison with being in the minimal symptoms group, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of being in the worsening depressive symptoms group was 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.62-0.97; p = 0.02), for every standard deviation increase in baseline RTL. CONCLUSIONS In this large prospective study of generally healthy women, longer telomeres at midlife were associated with significantly lower risk of a subsequent trajectory of worsening mood symptoms over 20 years. The results raise the possibility of telomere shortening as a novel contributing factor to late-life depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Cai Gillis
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA,,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shun-Chiao Chang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Naomi M. Simon
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA,Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, One Park Avenue, New York NY 10016
| | - Sharon-Lise Normand
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA,,Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bernard A. Rosner
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA,,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Deborah Blacker
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Immaculata DeVivo
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Olivia I. Okereke
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA,,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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115
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Schön M, Mousa A, Berk M, Chia WL, Ukropec J, Majid A, Ukropcová B, de Courten B. The Potential of Carnosine in Brain-Related Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061196. [PMID: 31141890 PMCID: PMC6627134 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric disorders represent a serious burden because of their increasing prevalence, risk of disability, and the lack of effective causal/disease-modifying treatments. There is a growing body of evidence indicating potentially favourable effects of carnosine, which is an over-the-counter food supplement, in peripheral tissues. Although most studies to date have focused on the role of carnosine in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, the physiological presence of this di-peptide and its analogues in the brain together with their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier as well as evidence from in vitro, animal, and human studies suggest carnosine as a promising therapeutic target in brain disorders. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of carnosine in neurological, neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric disorders, summarizing current evidence from cell, animal, and human cross-sectional, longitudinal studies, and randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schön
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81439 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Michael Berk
- School of Medicine, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.
- Orygen, The Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Wern L Chia
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81439 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Arshad Majid
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Barbara Ukropcová
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81439 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, 81469 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia.
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116
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Bürgin D, O'Donovan A, d'Huart D, di Gallo A, Eckert A, Fegert J, Schmeck K, Schmid M, Boonmann C. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Telomere Length a Look Into the Heterogeneity of Findings-A Narrative Review. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:490. [PMID: 31191214 PMCID: PMC6541108 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with poor mental and somatic health. Accumulating evidence indicates that accelerated biological aging-indexed by altered telomere-related markers-may contribute to associations between ACEs and negative long-term health outcomes. Telomeres are repeated, non-coding deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences at the end of chromosomes. Telomeres shorten during repeated cell divisions over time and are being used as a marker of biological aging. Objectives: The aim of the current paper is to review the literature on the relationship between ACEs and telomere length (TL), with a specific focus on how the heterogeneity of sample and ACEs characteristics lead to varying associations between ACEs and TL. Methods: Multiple databases were searched for relevant English peer-reviewed articles. Thirty-eight papers were found to be eligible for inclusion in the current review. Results: Overall, the studies indicated a negative association between ACEs and TL, although many papers presented mixed findings and about a quarter of eligible studies found no association. Studies with smaller sample sizes more often reported significant associations than studies with larger samples. Also, studies reporting on non-clinical and younger samples more often found associations between ACEs and TL compared to studies with clinical and older samples. Reviewing the included studies based on the "Stressor Exposure Characteristics" recently proposed by Epel et al. (2018) revealed a lack of detailed information regarding ACEs characteristics in many studies. Conclusion: Overall, it is difficult to achieve firm conclusions about associations of ACEs with TL due to the heterogeneity of study and ACE characteristics and the heterogeneity in reported findings. The field would benefit from more detailed descriptions of study samples and measurement of ACEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bürgin
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, Psychiatric University Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aoife O'Donovan
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Delfine d'Huart
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, Psychiatric University Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alain di Gallo
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, Psychiatric University Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Eckert
- Neurobiological Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Fegert
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus Schmeck
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, Psychiatric University Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Schmid
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, Psychiatric University Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Boonmann
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, Psychiatric University Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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117
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Jiang Y, Da W, Qiao S, Zhang Q, Li X, Ivey G, Zilioli S. Basal cortisol, cortisol reactivity, and telomere length: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 103:163-172. [PMID: 30695740 PMCID: PMC6450740 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to synthesize the existing empirical literature and perform a meta-analysis of published data on the relationship between cortisol and telomere length. We systematically searched studies that examined the relationship between cortisol and telomere length in humans on electronic databases and screened reference sections of included articles. Fourteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, with effect sizes being extracted for two cortisol measures: basal cortisol levels and cortisol reactivity to acute psychological stress. Results from random effects models showed that basal cortisol levels (13 effect sizes from 12 cross-sectional studies, N = 3675 participants) were not significantly correlated with telomere length (r =-0.05, 95% CI [-0.11, 0.02]). Further, results stratified by the specimen type for cortisol measurement (i.e., saliva, urine, blood) showed that none of the three basal cortisol level measures were correlated with telomere length. However, we found a statistically significant correlation between salivary cortisol reactivity to acute psychosocial stress (6 cross-sectional studies, N = 958 participants) and telomere length (r = -0.13, 95% CI [-0.23, -0.03]). Subgroup analyses revealed that correlations between salivary cortisol reactivity and telomere length were more evident in studies conducted among children (vs. adults) and in studies that included female participants only (vs. both genders). However, the small number of available studies limits the conclusions derived from subgroup analyses, and more studies are needed before moderator effects can be properly established. Overall, findings of this study support the existence of a relationship between cortisol reactivity and telomere shortening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Jiang
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, & Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC United States.
| | - Wendi Da
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, & Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Shan Qiao
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, & Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, & Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, & Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Grace Ivey
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Samuele Zilioli
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI United States; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI United States.
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Smith L, Luchini C, Demurtas J, Soysal P, Stubbs B, Hamer M, Nottegar A, Lawlor RT, Lopez-Sanchez GF, Firth J, Koyanagi A, Roberts J, Willeit P, Waldhoer T, Loosemore M, Abbs AD, Johnstone J, Yang L, Veronese N. Telomere length and health outcomes: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 51:1-10. [PMID: 30776454 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to map and grade evidence for the relationships between telomere length with a diverse range of health outcomes, using an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses. We searched for meta-analyses of observational studies reporting on the association of telomere length with any health outcome (clinical disease outcomes and intermediate traits). For each association, random-effects summary effect size, 95% confidence interval (CI), and 95% prediction interval were calculated. To evaluate the credibility of the identified evidence, we assessed also heterogeneity, evidence for small-study effect and evidence for excess significance bias. Twenty-one relevant meta-analyses were identified reporting on 50 different outcomes. The level of evidence was high only for the association of short telomeres with higher risk of gastric cancer in the general population (relative risk, RR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.68-2.26), and moderate for the association of shorter telomeres with diabetes or with Alzheimer's disease, even if limited to meta-analyses of case-control studies. There was weak evidence for twenty outcomes and not significant association for 27 health outcomes. The present umbrella review demonstrates that shorter telomere length may have an important role in incidence gastric cancer and, probably, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. At the same time, conversely to general assumptions, it does not find strong evidence supporting the notion that shorter telomere length plays an important role in many health outcomes that have been studied thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Jacopo Demurtas
- Primary Care Department Azienda USL Toscana Sud Est, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Pinar Soysal
- Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Geriatric Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Mark Hamer
- School Sport Exercise Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Alessia Nottegar
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pathology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- ARC-Net Research Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Joseph Firth
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Justin Roberts
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Waldhoer
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Mike Loosemore
- University College London, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, UK
| | | | - James Johnstone
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicola Veronese
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy.
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119
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Cold parenting is associated with cellular aging in offspring: A retrospective study. Biol Psychol 2019; 145:142-149. [PMID: 31014776 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life stress is a known risk factor for diseases and premature death. We tested whether parenting style impacts telomere length (TL), a cellular aging biomarker. METHODS Information on parents' style of parenting was obtained from 199 participants in the Adventist Health Study-1 (AHS-1) who 27+ years later also enrolled in the AHS-2 where blood was collected for relative TL (rTL) assessment. RESULTS Subjects describing their mothers' parenting style as cold had on average 25% smaller rTL compared to subjects not reporting a cold mother (1.89 vs 2.53). This association was greatest among those with less education, and those who stayed overweight/obese or put on weight during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS These results support previous findings that early life stress may have health implications by promoting cellular aging, and expands these stressors to include cold parenting during an individuals' formative years. Higher education and normal weight seem to provide some resilience.
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120
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Verhoeven JE, Penninx BWJH, Milaneschi Y. Unraveling the association between depression and telomere length using genomics. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 102:121-127. [PMID: 30544003 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While there is robust evidence for a cross-sectional association between depression and shorter telomere length, suggestive of advanced biological aging, the nature of this association remains unclear. Here, we tested whether both traits share a common genetic liability with novel methods using genomics. METHODS Data were from 2032 participants of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) with genome-wide genetic information and multiple waves of data on DSM-IV lifetime depression diagnosis, depression severity, neuroticism and telomere length. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for both traits were built using summary results from the largest genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on depression (59,851 cases and 113,154 controls) and telomere length (37,684 samples). Additionally, a PRS for neuroticism was built (337,000 samples). Genetic overlap between the traits was tested using PRS for same- and cross-trait associations. Furthermore, GWAS summary statistics were used to estimate the genome-wide genetic correlation between traits. RESULTS In NESDA data, the PRS for depression was associated with lifetime depression (odds ratio = 1.36; p = 6.49e-7) and depression severity level (β = 0.13; p = 1.24e-8), but not with telomere length. Similar results were found for the PRS for neuroticism. Conversely, the PRS for telomere length was associated with telomere length (β = 0.07; p = 8.42e-4) and 6-year telomere length attrition rate (β = 0.04; p = 2.15e-2), but not with depression variables. In summary-level analyses, the genetic correlation between the traits was small and not significant (rg=-0.08; p = .300). CONCLUSION The use of genetic methods in this paper indicated that the established phenotypic association between telomere length and depression is unlikely due to shared underlying genetic vulnerability. Our findings suggest that short telomeres in depressed patients may simply represent a generic marker of disease or may originate from non-genetic environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josine E Verhoeven
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Insitute, the Netherlands.
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Insitute, the Netherlands
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Insitute, the Netherlands
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121
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Ellaway A, Dundas R, Robertson T, Shiels PG. More miles on the clock: Neighbourhood stressors are associated with telomere length in a longitudinal study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214380. [PMID: 30921393 PMCID: PMC6438484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a substantial gap in health and longevity between more affluent and more deprived areas, and more knowledge of the determinants of this health divide is required. Experience of the local residential environment is important for health although few studies have examined this in relation to biological markers of age such as telomere length. We sought to examine if residents’ perceptions of neighbourhood stressors over time were associated with telomere length in a community study. Methodology/Principal findings In a prospective cohort study of 2186 adults in the West of Scotland, we measured neighbourhood stressors at three time points over a 12-year period and telomere length at the end of the study. Using linear regression models, we found that a higher accumulation of neighbourhood stressors over time was associated with shorter telomere length, even after taking cohort, social class, health behaviours (smoking status, diet, physical activity), BMI and depression into account among females only (Beta = 0.007; 95%CI [0.001, 0.012]; P<0.014). Conclusions/Significance Neighborhood environments are potentially modifiable, and future efforts directed towards improving deleterious local environments may be useful to lessen telomere attrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ellaway
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Ruth Dundas
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Robertson
- Centre for Public Health and Population Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences & Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G. Shiels
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Christian LM. At the forefront of psychoneuroimmunology in pregnancy: Implications for racial disparities in birth outcomes: PART 2: Biological mechanisms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 117:327-333. [PMID: 30885813 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
As reviewed in Part 1 of this two part review, birth prior to full term is a substantial public health issue. In the US, ˜400,000 babies per year are born preterm (< 37 weeks), while>1 million are early term (37-386/7 weeks) and remarkable racial disparities in shortened gestation are observed among African Americans as compared to Whites. Biomechanisms linking stressor exposures with birth outcomes are increasingly being explicated. The current paper reviews the mechanistic role of maternal biological functioning in the link between behavioral exposures and birth outcomes. These include the inter-related roles of neuroendocrine function, inflammatory regulation, biological aging, and the microbiome. An integrative approach which addresses both behavioral and biological factors within the same study, carefully considers the role of race/ethnicity, and rigorously defines birth outcomes (e.g., spontaneous versus medically-indicated and inclusive of early term birth) is needed to move research in this field toward better mechanistic understanding and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Christian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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McGrory CL, Ryan KM, Kolshus E, McLoughlin DM. Peripheral blood E2F1 mRNA in depression and following electroconvulsive therapy. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 89:380-385. [PMID: 30365982 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The E2F transcription factors are a group of proteins that bind to the promotor region of the adenovirus E2 gene. E2F1, the first family member to be cloned, is linked to functions including cell proliferation and apoptosis, DNA repair, cell senescence and metabolism. We recently performed a deep sequencing study of micro-RNA changes in whole blood following ECT. Two micro-RNAs (miR-126-3p and miR-106a-5p) were identified and gene targeting analysis identified E2F1 as a shared target of these miRNAs. To our knowledge, no studies have examined E2F1 mRNA levels in patients with depression. Peripheral blood E2F1 mRNA levels were therefore examined in patients with depression, compared to healthy controls, and the effects of a course of ECT on peripheral blood E2F1 mRNA was investigated. Depressed patient and healthy control groups were balanced on the basis of age and sex. E2F1 mRNA levels were significantly lower in depressed patients in comparison to controls (p = .009) but did not change with ECT. There was no relationship between baseline E2F1 levels and depression severity, response to treatment, presence of psychosis or polarity of depression. There were no significant correlations between E2F1 levels and mood scores based on the HAM-D24. These results indicate that reduced peripheral blood E2F1 mRNA could be a trait feature of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L McGrory
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Karen M Ryan
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Erik Kolshus
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Declan M McLoughlin
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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124
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Anitha A, Thanseem I, Vasu MM, Viswambharan V, Poovathinal SA. Telomeres in neurological disorders. Adv Clin Chem 2019; 90:81-132. [PMID: 31122612 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ever since their discovery, the telomeres and the telomerase have been topics of intensive research, first as a mechanism of cellular aging and later as an indicator of health and diseases in humans. By protecting the chromosome ends, the telomeres play a vital role in preserving the information in our genome. Telomeres shorten with age and the rate of telomere erosion provides insight into the proliferation history of cells. The pace of telomere attrition is known to increase at the onset of several pathological conditions. Telomere shortening has been emerging as a potential contributor in the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and depression. The rate of telomere attrition in the brain is slower than that of other tissues owing to the low rate of cell proliferation in brain. Telomere maintenance is crucial for the functioning of stem cells in brain. Taking together the studies on telomere attrition in various neurological disorders, an association between telomere shortening and disease status has been demonstrated in schizophrenia, AD and depression, in spite of a few negative reports. But, studies in ASD and PD have failed to produce conclusive results. The cause-effect relationship between TL and neurological disorders is yet to be elucidated. The factors responsible for telomere erosion, which have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, need to be explored in detail. Telomerase activation is now being considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyappan Anitha
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India.
| | - Ismail Thanseem
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Mahesh Mundalil Vasu
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Vijitha Viswambharan
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Suresh A Poovathinal
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
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125
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Depression caused by long-term stress regulates premature aging and is possibly associated with disruption of circadian rhythms in mice. Physiol Behav 2019; 199:100-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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126
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AlAhwal MS, Zaben FA, Sehlo MG, Khalifa DA, Al-Aama JY, Edris S, Ashy JA, Koenig HG. Depression and telomere length in colorectal cancer patients in Saudi Arabia. Asian J Psychiatr 2019; 40:130-131. [PMID: 29752006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2018.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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127
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Beatty Moody DL, Leibel DK, Darden TM, Ashe JJ, Waldstein SR, Katzel LI, Liu HB, Weng NP, Evans MK, Zonderman AB. Interpersonal-level discrimination indices, sociodemographic factors, and telomere length in African-Americans and Whites. Biol Psychol 2019; 141:1-9. [PMID: 30553820 PMCID: PMC6438165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have linked self-reported discrimination to telomere attrition, a biological marker of accelerated cellular aging. However, it is unknown whether intersections between social categories-race, socioeconomic status (SES), sex, and age-influence the association of varying forms of discrimination with telomere length. We examined these associations in a socioeconomically and racially/ethnically diverse urban sample. METHODS Cross-sectional data were from 341 middle-aged (30-64 years) African American and White, community participants in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span Study (HANDLS). Multiple regression models examined up to 3-way interactions between a discrimination measure (i.e., everyday, racial, gender, lifetime burden, and frequency of discrimination across sources) and two social categories. RESULTS After adjusting for depressive symptoms, waist circumference, and lifetime substance use, two themes emerged: 1) among women with higher SES, a) greater lifetime discrimination burden (b = -0.23, p = .011), gender discrimination (b = -0.29, p = .040), and racial discrimination (b = -0.24, p = 0.023) and 2) among younger adults, irrespective of race and sex, greater frequency of discrimination across sources (b = 0.002, p = .008) was associated with shorter telomeres. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of race, women with higher SES and younger adults reporting greater discrimination may be at particular risk for accelerated aging. Telomere attrition promotes and accelerates chronic health conditions for which there are health disparities. Future research explicating intersections among specific discrimination indices and social categories is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel K Leibel
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Taylor M Darden
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jason J Ashe
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shari R Waldstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Leslie I Katzel
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hans B Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Nan-Ping Weng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
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128
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Aviv A, Shay JW. Reflections on telomere dynamics and ageing-related diseases in humans. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 373:rstb.2016.0436. [PMID: 29335375 PMCID: PMC5784057 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have principally relied on measurements of telomere length (TL) in leucocytes, which reflects TL in other somatic cells. Leucocyte TL (LTL) displays vast variation across individuals—a phenomenon already observed in newborns. It is highly heritable, longer in females than males and in individuals of African ancestry than European ancestry. LTL is also longer in offspring conceived by older men. The traditional view regards LTL as a passive biomarker of human ageing. However, new evidence suggests that a dynamic interplay between selective evolutionary forces and TL might result in trade-offs for specific health outcomes. From a biological perspective, an active role of TL in ageing-related human diseases could occur because short telomeres increase the risk of a category of diseases related to restricted cell proliferation and tissue degeneration, including cardiovascular disease, whereas long telomeres increase the risk of another category of diseases related to increased proliferative growth, including major cancers. To understand the role of telomere biology in ageing-related diseases, it is essential to expand telomere research to newborns and children and seek further insight into the underlying causes of the variation in TL due to ancestry and geographical location. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Understanding diversity in telomere dynamics’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Aviv
- The Center of Human Development and Aging, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Jerry W Shay
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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129
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Squassina A, Pisanu C, Vanni R. Mood Disorders, Accelerated Aging, and Inflammation: Is the Link Hidden in Telomeres? Cells 2019; 8:cells8010052. [PMID: 30650526 PMCID: PMC6356466 DOI: 10.3390/cells8010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mood disorders are associated with an increased risk of aging-related diseases, which greatly contribute to the excess morbidity and mortality observed in affected individuals. Clinical and molecular findings also suggest that mood disorders might be characterized by a permanent state of low-grade inflammation. At the cellular level, aging translates into telomeres shortening. Intriguingly, inflammation and telomere shortening show a bidirectional association: a pro-inflammatory state seems to contribute to aging and telomere dysfunction, and telomere attrition is able to induce low-grade inflammation. Several independent studies have reported shorter telomere length and increased levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines in mood disorders, suggesting a complex interplay between altered inflammatory–immune responses and telomere dynamics in the etiopathogenesis of these disorders. In this review, we critically discuss studies investigating the role of telomere attrition and inflammation in the pathogenesis and course of mood disorders, and in pharmacological treatments with psychotropic medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato Cagliari, Italy.
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 2E2, Canada.
| | - Claudia Pisanu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato Cagliari, Italy.
- Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, 752 39 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Roberta Vanni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato Cagliari, Italy.
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130
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Lee YH, Song GG. YKL-40 Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Their Correlation with Disease Activity: A Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES 2019. [DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2019.26.4.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwan Gyu Song
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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131
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Mustafin RN, Enikeeva RF, Davydova YD, Khusnutdinova EK. The Role of Epigenetic Factors in the Development of Depressive Disorders. RUSS J GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795418120104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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132
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Powell TR, De Jong S, Breen G, Lewis CM, Dima D. Telomere length as a predictor of emotional processing in the brain. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 40:1750-1759. [PMID: 30511786 PMCID: PMC6492163 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Shorter telomere length (TL) has been associated with the development of mood disorders as well as abnormalities in brain morphology. However, so far, no studies have considered the role TL may have on brain function during tasks relevant to mood disorders. In this study, we examine the relationship between TL and functional brain activation and connectivity, while participants (n = 112) perform a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) facial affect recognition task. Additionally, because variation in TL has a substantial genetic component we calculated polygenic risk scores for TL to test if they predict face‐related functional brain activation. First, our results showed that TL was positively associated with increased activation in the amygdala and cuneus, as well as increased connectivity from posterior regions of the face network to the ventral prefrontal cortex. Second, polygenic risk scores for TL show a positive association with medial prefrontal cortex activation. The data support the view that TL and genetic loading for shorter telomeres, influence the function of brain regions known to be involved in emotional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Powell
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simone De Jong
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience at the Maudsley Hospital and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience at the Maudsley Hospital and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cathryn M Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience at the Maudsley Hospital and King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Danai Dima
- Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Social Sciences, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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133
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Solana C, Pereira D, Tarazona R. Early Senescence and Leukocyte Telomere Shortening in SCHIZOPHRENIA: A Role for Cytomegalovirus Infection? Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8100188. [PMID: 30340343 PMCID: PMC6210638 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8100188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic mental disorder characterized by delusions and hallucinations. Several evidences support the link of schizophrenia with accelerated telomeres shortening and accelerated aging. Thus, schizophrenia patients show higher mortality compared to age-matched healthy donors. The etiology of schizophrenia is multifactorial, involving genetic and environmental factors. Telomere erosion has been shown to be accelerated by different factors including environmental factors such as cigarette smoking and chronic alcohol consumption or by psychosocial stress such as childhood maltreatment. In humans, telomere studies have mainly relied on measurements of leukocyte telomere length and it is generally accepted that individuals with short leukocyte telomere length are considered biologically older than those with longer ones. A dysregulation of both innate and adaptive immune systems has been described in schizophrenia patients and other mental diseases supporting the contribution of the immune system to disease symptoms. Thus, it has been suggested that abnormal immune activation with high pro-inflammatory cytokine production in response to still undefined environmental agents such as herpesviruses infections can be involved in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of schizophrenia. It has been proposed that chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are involved in the course of schizophrenia illness, early onset of cardiovascular disease, accelerated aging, and premature mortality in schizophrenia. Prenatal or neonatal exposures to neurotropic pathogens such as Cytomegalovirus or Toxoplasma gondii have been proposed as environmental risk factors for schizophrenia in individuals with a risk genetic background. Thus, pro-inflammatory cytokines and microglia activation, together with genetic vulnerability, are considered etiological factors for schizophrenia, and support that inflammation status is involved in the course of illness in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corona Solana
- Centro Hospitalar Psiquiatrico de Lisboa, 1700-063 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Diana Pereira
- Centro Hospitalar Psiquiatrico de Lisboa, 1700-063 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Tarazona
- Immunology Unit, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
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134
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Traumatic stress and cellular senescence: The role of war-captivity and homecoming stressors in later life telomere length. J Affect Disord 2018; 238:129-135. [PMID: 29879607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length (TL) serves as a biomarker of cellular senescence and is a robust predictor of mortality. The association between traumatic stress and TL erosion is rapidly realized, as are the complexities of this relation that include links to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and psychosocial factors. Nevertheless, the relation between specific stressors in early adulthood and TL in later life, specifically among populations that have undergone extreme stress in early adulthood are largely uninvestigated. METHOD Examining 99 Israeli former prisoners of war (ex-POWs) 18 and 42 years after repatriation, the current study investigated the role that specific stressors during captivity (i.e., physical abuse, nourishment deprivation and solitary confinement) and homecoming (i.e., received social-support, loss of place in the family, loneliness and sense of being accused) play in predicting TL 42 years post-repatriation. Intercorrelations analysis and a hierarchical linear regression were utilized. Variables that have been empirically associated with TL: age, BMI, physical activity, smoking, substance abuse, negative life events since repatriation, depression and PTSD symptoms were controlled for in the regression. RESULTS Solitary confinement during captivity, and loss of place in the family, loneliness and being accused at homecoming predicted shorter telomeres in later life. The remaining stressors did not significantly predict TL. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that an adequate understanding of TL after trauma must consider the unique contributions of specific types of stressors across the lifespan, and particularly account for interpersonal deficits. The findings may inform preventive interventions aimed at improving ex-POWs' longevity and well-being.
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135
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Tennyson RL, Gettler LT, Kuzawa CW, Hayes MG, Agustin SS, Eisenberg DTA. Lifetime socioeconomic status and early life microbial environments predict adult blood telomere length in the Philippines. Am J Hum Biol 2018; 30:e23145. [PMID: 30129279 PMCID: PMC6192840 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psychosocial stress is postulated to hasten senescence in part by accelerating the shortening of telomere length (TL). One pathway through which this may happen is via increasing inflammation and innate immune system activation-a pathway which recent studies suggest acts more strongly for those who grew up in low microbial environments. Thus, we hypothesized that: (1) Psychosocial stress will be inversely associated with TL, (2) early life microbial environments will predict TL, and (3) microbial environments will moderate the association between psychosocial stress and TL. METHODS We utilized data from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey based in the Philippines (N = 1410). We determined early life microbial environments by season of birth and exposure to animal feces. Psychosocial stress measures included perceived stress in adulthood, lifetime socioeconomic status (SES), and parental instability in childhood. TL was measured in blood from young adults by qPCR. RESULTS Contrary to predictions, we found that higher SES was associated with shorter TL and no association of TL with the other stress variables. Individuals born in the higher microbial exposure season had shorter TL, but early life microbial environments did not moderate the association between psychosocial stress and TL. CONCLUSIONS The unexpected inverse association between SES and TL suggests that higher SES, while indexing lower psychosocial stress, may impact TL more strongly through nonstress factors in the Philippines, such as unhealthy behavior. The inverse association between microbial environments and TL is consistent with other evidence connecting early life infections to decreased life expectancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Tennyson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington
- Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington
| | - Lee T Gettler
- Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame
| | - Christopher W Kuzawa
- Cells 2 Society: the Center for Social Disparities and Health, Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University
| | - M. Geoffrey Hayes
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Sonny S Agustin
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Dan TA Eisenberg
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington
- Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington
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136
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Mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with psychosis severity and anti-psychotic treatment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12743. [PMID: 30143692 PMCID: PMC6109159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial pathology has been implicated in the pathogenesis of psychotic disorders. A few studies have proposed reduced leukocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder type I, compared to healthy controls. However, it is unknown if mtDNA copy number alteration is driven by psychosis, comorbidity or treatment. Whole blood mtDNA copy number was determined in 594 psychosis patients and corrected for platelet to leukocyte count ratio (mtDNAcnres). The dependence of mtDNAcnres on clinical profile, metabolic comorbidity and antipsychotic drug exposure was assessed. mtDNAcnres was reduced with age (β = −0.210, p < 0.001), use of clozapine (β = −0.110,p = 0.012) and risperidone (β = −0.109,p = 0.014), dependent on prescribed dosage (p = 0.006 and p = 0.026, respectively), and the proportion of life on treatment (p = 0.006). Clozapine (p = 0.0005) and risperidone (p = 0.0126) had a reducing effect on the mtDNA copy number also in stem cell-derived human neurons in vitro at therapeutic plasma levels. For patients not on these drugs, psychosis severity had an effect (β = −0.129, p = 0.017), similar to age (β = −0.159, p = 0.003) and LDL (β = −0.119, p = 0.029) on whole blood mtDNAcnres. Further research is required to determine if mtDNAcnres reflects any psychosis-intrinsic mitochondrial changes.
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137
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Ridout KK, Khan M, Ridout SJ. Adverse Childhood Experiences Run Deep: Toxic Early Life Stress, Telomeres, and Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, the Biological Markers of Cumulative Stress. Bioessays 2018; 40:e1800077. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn K. Ridout
- Department of Psychiatry; Kaiser Permanente; San Jose CA 95123 USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior; Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence RI 02906 USA
| | - Mariam Khan
- Oncology Clinical Trials Department; Kaiser Permanente; San Jose CA 95123 USA
| | - Samuel J. Ridout
- Department of Psychiatry; Kaiser Permanente; San Jose CA 95123 USA
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138
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Han LK, Aghajani M, Clark SL, Chan RF, Hattab MW, Shabalin AA, Zhao M, Kumar G, Xie LY, Jansen R, Milaneschi Y, Dean B, Aberg KA, van den Oord EJ, Penninx BW. Epigenetic Aging in Major Depressive Disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2018; 175:774-782. [PMID: 29656664 PMCID: PMC6094380 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17060595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Major depressive disorder is associated with an increased risk of mortality and aging-related diseases. The authors examined whether major depression is associated with higher epigenetic aging in blood as measured by DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns, whether clinical characteristics of major depression have a further impact on these patterns, and whether the findings replicate in brain tissue. METHOD DNAm age was estimated using all methylation sites in blood of 811 depressed patients and 319 control subjects with no lifetime psychiatric disorders and low depressive symptoms from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. The residuals of the DNAm age estimates regressed on chronological age were calculated to indicate epigenetic aging. Major depression diagnosis and clinical characteristics were assessed with questionnaires and psychiatric interviews. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, and health status. Postmortem brain samples of 74 depressed patients and 64 control subjects were used for replication. Pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using ConsensusPathDB to gain insight into the biological processes underlying epigenetic aging in blood and brain. RESULTS Significantly higher epigenetic aging was observed in patients with major depression compared with control subjects (Cohen's d=0.18), with a significant dose effect with increasing symptom severity in the overall sample. In the depression group, epigenetic aging was positively and significantly associated with childhood trauma score. The case-control difference was replicated in an independent data set of postmortem brain samples. The top significantly enriched Gene Ontology terms included neuronal processes. CONCLUSIONS As compared with control subjects, patients with major depression exhibited higher epigenetic aging in blood and brain tissue, suggesting that they are biologically older than their corresponding chronological age. This effect was even more profound in the presence of childhood trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K.M. Han
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Moji Aghajani
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Shaunna L. Clark
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Robin F. Chan
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Mohammad W. Hattab
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Andrey A. Shabalin
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Min Zhao
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Lin Ying Xie
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Rick Jansen
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Brian Dean
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Karolina A. Aberg
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Edwin J.C.G. van den Oord
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
| | - Brenda W.J.H. Penninx
- From the Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, GGZ inGeest, the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam; the Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; and the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorne, Australia
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139
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Pepper GV, Bateson M, Nettle D. Telomeres as integrative markers of exposure to stress and adversity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018. [PMID: 30225068 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1189538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres have been proposed as a biomarker that integrates the impacts of different kinds of stress and adversity into a common currency. There has as yet been no overall comparison of how different classes of exposure associate with telomeres. We present a meta-analysis of the literature relating telomere measures to stresses and adversities in humans. The analysed dataset contained 543 associations from 138 studies involving 402 116 people. Overall, there was a weak association between telomere variables and exposures (greater adversity, shorter telomeres: r = -0.15, 95% CI -0.18 to -0.11). This was not driven by any one type of exposure, because significant associations were found separately for physical diseases, environmental hazards, nutrition, psychiatric illness, smoking, physical activity, psychosocial and socioeconomic exposures. Methodological features of the studies did not explain any substantial proportion of the heterogeneity in association strength. There was, however, evidence consistent with publication bias, with unexpectedly strong negative associations reported by studies with small samples. Restricting analysis to sample sizes greater than 100 attenuated the overall association substantially (r = -0.09, 95% CI -0.13 to -0.05). Most studies were underpowered to detect the typical association magnitude. The literature is dominated by cross-sectional and correlational studies which makes causal interpretation problematic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian V Pepper
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Henry Wellcome Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Melissa Bateson
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Henry Wellcome Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Daniel Nettle
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Henry Wellcome Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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140
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Pepper GV, Bateson M, Nettle D. Telomeres as integrative markers of exposure to stress and adversity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180744. [PMID: 30225068 PMCID: PMC6124068 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres have been proposed as a biomarker that integrates the impacts of different kinds of stress and adversity into a common currency. There has as yet been no overall comparison of how different classes of exposure associate with telomeres. We present a meta-analysis of the literature relating telomere measures to stresses and adversities in humans. The analysed dataset contained 543 associations from 138 studies involving 402 116 people. Overall, there was a weak association between telomere variables and exposures (greater adversity, shorter telomeres: r = -0.15, 95% CI -0.18 to -0.11). This was not driven by any one type of exposure, because significant associations were found separately for physical diseases, environmental hazards, nutrition, psychiatric illness, smoking, physical activity, psychosocial and socioeconomic exposures. Methodological features of the studies did not explain any substantial proportion of the heterogeneity in association strength. There was, however, evidence consistent with publication bias, with unexpectedly strong negative associations reported by studies with small samples. Restricting analysis to sample sizes greater than 100 attenuated the overall association substantially (r = -0.09, 95% CI -0.13 to -0.05). Most studies were underpowered to detect the typical association magnitude. The literature is dominated by cross-sectional and correlational studies which makes causal interpretation problematic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Nettle
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Henry Wellcome Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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141
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From feedback loop transitions to biomarkers in the psycho-immune-neuroendocrine network: Detecting the critical transition from health to major depression. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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142
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Boeck C, Salinas-Manrique J, Calzia E, Radermacher P, von Arnim CAF, Dietrich DE, Kolassa IT, Karabatsiakis A. Targeting the association between telomere length and immuno-cellular bioenergetics in female patients with Major Depressive Disorder. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9419. [PMID: 29925891 PMCID: PMC6010455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26867-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) has been associated with telomere dysfunction and alterations in mitochondrial activity, which seem to be co-regulated in human cells. To investigate this co-regulation in MDD, we assessed telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and selected immune cell subsets by quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization and mitochondrial respiratory activity in PBMC by high-resolution respirometry in a study cohort of 18 MDD patients and 21 non-depressed controls. We provide initial evidence for a differential vulnerability to telomere attrition in selected adaptive immune cell populations. Here we found the highest difference in TL between depressed and control subjects for memory cytotoxic T cells. Depression was associated with reduced mitochondrial activity (mitochondrial bioenergetics), but increased mitochondrial density (mitochondrial biogenesis) in PBMC. Exploratory post-hoc analyses indicated that the changes in TL and immune cell bioenergetics were most pronounced in MDD patients who reported experiences of childhood sexual abuse. Among MDD patients, PBMC TL was as a trend positively associated with mitochondrial density and negatively associated with mitochondrial leak respiration, but not with mitochondrial activity related to biological energy production. These initial findings support the hypothesis of a co-regulation between telomeres and mitochondrial biogenesis but not mitochondrial bioenergetics among MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Boeck
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | | | - Enrico Calzia
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Detlef E Dietrich
- Burghof-Klinik, Rinteln, Germany
- Department of Mental Health, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Iris-Tatjana Kolassa
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander Karabatsiakis
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
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143
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Pratt R, Stapelberg NJC. Early warning biomarkers in major depressive disorder: a strategic approach to a testing question. Biomarkers 2018; 23:563-572. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2018.1463563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Pratt
- Consultation Liaison Psychiatry, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, Australia
| | - N. J. C. Stapelberg
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University and Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Southport, Australia
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144
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Effect of master mixes on the measurement of telomere length by qPCR. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:633-638. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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145
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Al Ahwal MS, Al Zaben F, Sehlo MG, Khalifa DA, Koenig HG. Religiosity and Telomere Length in Colorectal Cancer Patients in Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2018; 57:672-682. [PMID: 29299784 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0542-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported a significant relationship between psychological stress, depression, and telomere length (TL), an indicator of cellular lifespan. Religious involvement, which is associated with lower levels of stress and depression, has also recently been related to TL. To our knowledge, this relationship has not yet been examined in Muslims, colorectal cancer patients, cancer patients more generally, or any population outside the USA. A convenience sample of 50 colorectal patients was recruited from hospital-based oncology clinics in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Religious involvement was assessed with the 13-item Muslim Religiosity Scale. Social and psychological mediators were measured using established scales. TL was determined from whole-blood leukocytes using quantitative PCR technology. Bivariate analyses indicated a positive but nonsignificant relationship between religiosity and TL (r = 0.13, p = 0.35). Controlling for age, did not affect the relationship (B = 15.6, SE = 17.3, p = 0.37), nor did controlling for other demographic, social or psychological factors. Religious involvement was unrelated to TL in this small sample of colorectal patients. Future cross-sectional and prospective studies in different populations with larger samples are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faten Al Zaben
- Department of Psychiatry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Gamal Sehlo
- Department of Psychiatry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ahmed Khalifa
- Department of Psychiatry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Harold G Koenig
- Department of Psychiatry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Duke University Medical Center, Box 3400, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China.
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146
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Ridout KK, Levandowski M, Ridout SJ, Gantz L, Goonan K, Palermo D, Price LH, Tyrka AR. Early life adversity and telomere length: a meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:858-871. [PMID: 28322278 PMCID: PMC5608639 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Early adversity, in the form of abuse, neglect, socioeconomic status and other adverse experiences, is associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes. To understand the biologic mechanisms underlying these associations, studies have evaluated the relationship between early adversity and telomere length, a marker of cellular senescence. Such results have varied in regard to the size and significance of this relationship. Using meta-analytic techniques, we aimed to clarify the relationship between early adversity and telomere length while exploring factors affecting the association, including adversity type, timing and study design. A comprehensive search in July 2016 of PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Web of Science identified 2462 studies. Multiple reviewers appraised studies for inclusion or exclusion using a priori criteria; 3.9% met inclusion criteria. Data were extracted into a structured form; the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed study quality, validity and bias. Forty-one studies (N=30 773) met inclusion criteria. Early adversity and telomere length were significantly associated (Cohen's d effect size=-0.35; 95% CI, -0.46 to -0.24; P<0.0001). Sensitivity analyses revealed no outlier effects. Adversity type and timing significantly impacted the association with telomere length (P<0.0001 and P=0.0025, respectively). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed that medication use, medical or psychiatric conditions, case-control vs longitudinal study design, methodological factors, age and smoking significantly affected the relationship. Comprehensive evaluations of adversity demonstrated more extensive telomere length changes. These results suggest that early adversity may have long-lasting physiological consequences contributing to disease risk and biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn K. Ridout
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and
Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School
of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Address Correspondence to: Kathryn K. Ridout, M.D.,
Ph.D., Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Blvd., Providence, RI 02906. TEL: (401)
455-6270. FAX: (401) 455-6252.
| | - Mateus Levandowski
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Pontifical Catholic
University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil
| | - Samuel J. Ridout
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and
Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School
of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lindsay Gantz
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and
Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kelly Goonan
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and
Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Daniella Palermo
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School
of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lawrence H. Price
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and
Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School
of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Audrey R. Tyrka
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and
Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School
of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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147
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Vance MC, Bui E, Hoeppner SS, Kovachy B, Prescott J, Mischoulon D, Walton ZE, Dong M, Nadal MF, Worthington JJ, Hoge EA, Cassano P, Orr EH, Fava M, de Vivo I, Wong KK, Simon NM. Prospective association between major depressive disorder and leukocyte telomere length over two years. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 90:157-164. [PMID: 29499556 PMCID: PMC5864560 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced leukocyte telomere length (LTL) has been found to be associated with multiple common age-related diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. A link has also been suggested between shortened LTL and major depressive disorder (MDD), suggesting that MDD may be a disease of accelerated aging. This prospective, longitudinal study examined the association between depression diagnosis at baseline and change in LTL over two years in a well-characterized sample of N = 117 adults with or without MDD at baseline, using rigorous entry criteria. METHODS Participants aged 18-70 were assessed with validated instruments by trained, doctoral-level clinician raters at baseline and at two-year follow-up, and blood samples were obtained at both visits. LTL was assayed under identical methods using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The effect of an MDD diagnosis at baseline on change in LTL over two years was examined via hierarchical mixed models, which included potential confounders. RESULTS Individuals with MDD at baseline had greater LTL shortening over two years than individuals without MDD (p = 0.03), even after controlling for differences in age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). In the sub-sample of individuals with MDD diagnoses at baseline, no significant associations between LTL change and symptom severity or duration were found. CONCLUSION A baseline diagnosis of MDD prospectively predicted LTL shortening over two years. Our results provide further support for MDD as a disease associated with accelerated aging in a well-characterized sample using validated, clinician-rated measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C. Vance
- University of Michigan,VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System
| | - Eric Bui
- Massachusetts General Hospital,Harvard Medical School
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paolo Cassano
- Massachusetts General Hospital,Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Maurizio Fava
- Massachusetts General Hospital,Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Harvard Medical School,Dana Farber Cancer Institute,New York University Medical School
| | - Naomi M. Simon
- Massachusetts General Hospital,Harvard Medical School,New York University Medical School
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148
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Khan H, Amin S, Patel S. Targeting BDNF modulation by plant glycosides as a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of depression. Life Sci 2018; 196:18-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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149
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Epel ES, Prather AA. Stress, Telomeres, and Psychopathology: Toward a Deeper Understanding of a Triad of Early Aging. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2018; 14:371-397. [PMID: 29494257 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032816-045054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres play an important part in aging and show relationships to lifetime adversity, particularly childhood adversity. Meta-analyses demonstrate reliable associations between psychopathology (primarily depression) and shorter telomere length, but the nature of this relationship has not been fully understood. Here, we review and evaluate the evidence for impaired telomere biology as a consequence of psychopathology or as a contributing factor, and the important mediating roles of chronic psychological stress and impaired allostasis. There is evidence for a triadic relationship among stress, telomere shortening, and psychiatric disorders that is positively reinforcing and unfolds across the life course and, possibly, across generations. We review the role of genetics and biobehavioral responses that may contribute to shorter telomere length, as well as the neurobiological impact of impaired levels of telomerase. These complex interrelationships are important to elucidate because they have implications for mental and physical comorbidity and, potentially, for the prevention and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aric A Prather
- Department of Psychiatry; Center for Health and Community; Aging, Metabolism, and Emotions Center; University of California, San Francisco, California 94118, USA; ,
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150
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Lahav Y, Avidor S, Stein JY, Zhou X, Solomon Z. Telomere Length and Depression Among Ex-Prisoners of War: The Role of Subjective Age. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2018; 75:21-29. [DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gby006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Exposure to captivity increases the risk for multiple disturbances that may intensify during old age. In later phases of life, former-prisoners-of-war (ex-POWs) may suffer from depression as well as from accelerated aging, manifested in older subjective age and leukocyte telomere shortening. The current study assesses the link between these varied facets of increased vulnerability during old age and explores (a) the associations between subjective age and telomere length; (b) the mediating role of changes in subjective age over time within the associations between depression and telomere length.
Methods
Eighty-eight ex-POWs were assessed prospectively 30 (T1), 35 (T2), and 45 (T3) years after the 1973 Israeli Yom-Kippur War. Depression was assessed at T1; subjective age was assessed at T2 and T3; and telomere length and control variables were assessed at T3.
Results
Older subjective age at T3 was associated with concurrent shorter telomeres, beyond the effect of chronological age. Change in subjective age between T2 and T3 mediated the relations between depression at T1 and shorter telomeres at T3 beyond the effects of control variables.
Discussion
Findings suggest that the detrimental ramifications of accelerated subjective age involve premature cellular senesces, and may explain the relation between depression and accelerated aging processes among trauma victims. Hence, clinical interventions may seek to address accelerated subjective age among trauma survivors who suffer from depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Lahav
- I-Core Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | | | - Jacob Y Stein
- I-Core Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Xiao Zhou
- I-Core Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Zahava Solomon
- I-Core Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
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