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Islam K, Balasubramanian B, Venkatraman S, Thummarati P, Tunganuntarat J, Phueakphud N, Kanjanasirirat P, Khumpanied T, Kongpracha P, Kittirat Y, Tohtong R, Janvilisri T, Wongtrakoongate P, Borwornpinyo S, Namwat N, Suthiphongchai T. Upregulated LAMA3 modulates proliferation, adhesion, migration and epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition of cholangiocarcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22598. [PMID: 38114514 PMCID: PMC10730521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48798-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A poor outcome for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients is still a clinical challenge. CCA is typically recognized by the desmoplastic nature, which accounts for its malignancy. Among various extracellular matrix proteins, laminin is the most potent inducer for CCA migration. Herein, we accessed the expression profiles of laminin gene family and explored the significance of the key laminin subunit on CCA aggressiveness. Of all 11 laminin genes, LAMA3, LAMA5, LAMB3 and LAMC2 were concordantly upregulated based on the analysis of multiple public transcriptomic datasets and also overexpressed in Thai CCA cell lines and patient tissues in which LAMA3A upregulated in the highest frequency (97%) of the cases. Differential expression genes (DEGs) analysis of low and high laminin signature groups revealed LAMA3 as the sole common DEG in all investigated datasets. Restratifying CCA samples according to LAMA3 expression indicated the association of LAMA3 in the focal adhesion pathway. Silencing LAMA3 revealed that it plays important roles in CCA cell proliferation, adhesion, migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Taken together, this research signifies the roles of dysregulated ECM homeostasis in CCA malignancy and highlights, for the first time, the potential usage of LAMA3 as the diagnostic biomarker and the therapeutic target to tackle the CCA stromal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittiya Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Brinda Balasubramanian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Simran Venkatraman
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Parichut Thummarati
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Janpen Tunganuntarat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Nut Phueakphud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Phongthon Kanjanasirirat
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery (ECDD), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Tanawadee Khumpanied
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery (ECDD), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Pornparn Kongpracha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Yingpinyapat Kittirat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Department of Medical Sciences, Regional Medical Sciences Center 2, Ministry of Public Health, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Patompon Wongtrakoongate
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Suparerk Borwornpinyo
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery (ECDD), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Nisana Namwat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Department of Systems Biosciences and Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
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Zhu S, Kubota N, Wang S, Wang T, Xiao G, Hoshida Y. Single-cell level deconvolution, convolution, and clustering in spatial transcriptomics by aligning spot level transcriptome to nuclear morphology. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.17.572084. [PMID: 38187541 PMCID: PMC10769305 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.17.572084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
In spot-based spatial transcriptomics, spots that are of the same size and printed at the fixed location cannot precisely capture the actual randomly located single cells, therefore failing to profile the transcriptome at the single-cell level. The current studies primarily focused on enhancing the spot resolution in size via computational imputation or technical improvement, however, they largely overlooked that single-cell resolution, i.e., resolution in cellular or even smaller size, does not equal single-cell level. Using both real and simulated spatial transcriptomics data, we demonstrated that even the high-resolution spatial transcriptomics still has a large number of spots partially covering multiple cells simultaneously, revealing the intrinsic non-single-cell level of spot-based spatial transcriptomics regardless of spot size. To this end, we present STIE, an EM algorithm that aligns the spatial transcriptome to its matched histology image-based nuclear morphology and recovers missing cells from up to ~70% gap area between spots via the nuclear morphological similarity and neighborhood information, thereby achieving the real single-cell level and whole-slide scale deconvolution/convolution and clustering for both low- and high-resolution spots. On both real and simulation spatial transcriptomics data, STIE characterizes the cell-type specific gene expression variation and demonstrates the outperforming concordance with the single-cell RNAseq-derived cell type transcriptomic signatures compared to the other spot- and subspot-level methods. Furthermore, STIE enabled us to gain novel insights that failed to be revealed by the existing methods due to the lack of single-cell level, for instance, lower actual spot resolution than its reported spot size, the additional contribution of cellular morphology to cell typing beyond transcriptome, unbiased evaluation of cell type colocalization, superior power of high-resolution spot in distinguishing nuanced cell types, and spatially resolved cell-cell interactions at the single-cell level other than spot level. The STIE code is publicly available as an R package at https://github.com/zhushijia/STIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Shidan Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Guanghua Xiao
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Lo HC, Hua WJ, Yeh H, Lin ZH, Huang LC, Ciou YR, Ruan R, Lin KF, Tseng AJ, Wu ATH, Hsu WH, Chao CH, Lin TY. GMI, a Ganoderma microsporum protein, abolishes focal adhesion network to reduce cell migration and metastasis of lung cancer. Life Sci 2023; 335:122255. [PMID: 37967792 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer metastasis is a major cause of cancer-related deaths, emphasizing the urgent need for effective therapies. Although it has been shown that GMI, a fungal protein from Ganoderma microsporum, could suppress primary tumor growth in a wide spectrum of cancer types, it is still unclear whether GMI exhibits anti-metastasis properties, particularly in lung cancers. Further investigation is needed. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to investigate the potential inhibitory effects of GMI on lung cancer metastasis in vivo. Utilizing systematic and comprehensive approaches, our research aims to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-metastatic effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro migration and cell adhesion assays addressed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related phenotype. Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses identified the GMI-regulated proteins and cellular responses. GMI-treated LLC1-bearing mice were analyzed using IVIS Spectrum to assess the anti-metastatic effect. KEY FINDINGS GMI inhibits EMT as well as cell migration. GMI disrupts cell adhesion and downregulates integrin, resulting in inhibition of phosphorylated FAK. GMI induces macropinocytosis and lysosome-mediated degradation of integrin αv, α5, α6 and β1. GMI downregulates Slug via inhibition of FAK activity, which in turn enhances expressions of epithelial-related markers and decreases cell mobility. Mechanistically, GMI-induced FAK inhibition engenders MDM2 expression and enhances MDM2/p21/Slug complex formation, leading to Slug degradation. GMI treatment reduces the metastatic pulmonary lesion and prolongs the survival of LLC1-bearing mice. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings highlight GMI as a promising therapeutic candidate for metastatic lung cancers, offering potential avenues for further research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chih Lo
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jyun Hua
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Yeh
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hu Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Huang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Ciou
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Runcheng Ruan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Fan Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Jung Tseng
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alexander T H Wu
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science & Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Hsu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; LO-Sheng Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hong Chao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS(2)B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yi Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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104
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Manousakis E, Miralles CM, Esquerda MG, Wright RHG. CDKN1A/p21 in Breast Cancer: Part of the Problem, or Part of the Solution? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17488. [PMID: 38139316 PMCID: PMC10743848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (Cip1/Waf1/CDKN1A/p21) is a well-established protein, primarily recognised for its pivotal role in the cell cycle, where it induces cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Over the years, extensive research has shed light on various additional mechanisms involving CDKN1A/p21, implicating it in processes such as apoptosis, DNA damage response (DDR), and the regulation of stem cell fate. Interestingly, p21 can function either as an oncogene or as a tumour suppressor in these contexts. Complicating matters further, the expression of CDKN1A/p21 is elevated in certain tumour types while downregulated in others. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted functions of CDKN1A/p21, present clinical data pertaining to cancer patients, and delve into potential strategies for targeting CDKN1A/p21 as a therapeutic approach to cancer. Manipulating CDKN1A/p21 shows great promise for therapy given its involvement in multiple cancer hallmarks, such as sustained cell proliferation, the renewal of cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, and resistance to chemotherapy. Given the dual role of CDKN1A/p21 in these processes, a more in-depth understanding of its specific mechanisms of action and its regulatory network is imperative to establishing successful therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roni H. G. Wright
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
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105
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Nurmagambetova A, Mustyatsa V, Saidova A, Vorobjev I. Morphological and cytoskeleton changes in cells after EMT. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22164. [PMID: 38092761 PMCID: PMC10719275 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48279-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells undergoing EMT experience significant alterations at transcriptional and morphological levels. However, changes in the cytoskeleton, especially cytoskeleton dynamics are poorly described. Addressing the question we induced EMT in three cell lines (MCF-7, HaCaT and A-549) and analyzed morphological and cytoskeletal changes there using immunostaining and life cell imaging of cells transfected with microtubule and focal adhesion markers. In all studied cell lines, cell area after EMT increased, MCF-7 and A-549 cells became elongated, while HaCaT cells kept the aspect ratio the same. We next analyzed three components of the cytoskeleton: microtubules, stress fibers and focal adhesions. The following changes were observed after EMT in cultured cells: (i) Organization of microtubules becomes more radial; and the growth rate of microtubule plus ends was accelerated; (ii) Actin stress fibers become co-aligned forming the longitudinal cell axis; and (iii) Focal adhesions had decreased area in all cancer cell lines studied and became more numerous in HaCaT cells. We conclude that among dynamic components of the cytoskeleton, the most significant changes during EMT happen in the regulation of microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assel Nurmagambetova
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 53, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 53, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
| | - Vadim Mustyatsa
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 53, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Aleena Saidova
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 53, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Ivan Vorobjev
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 53, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 53, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
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106
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Gisina A, Kim Y, Yarygin K, Lupatov A. Can CD133 Be Regarded as a Prognostic Biomarker in Oncology: Pros and Cons. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17398. [PMID: 38139228 PMCID: PMC10744290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The CD133 cell membrane glycoprotein, also termed prominin-1, is expressed on some of the tumor cells of both solid and blood malignancies. The CD133-positive tumor cells were shown to exhibit higher proliferative activity, greater chemo- and radioresistance, and enhanced tumorigenicity compared to their CD133-negative counterparts. For this reason, CD133 is regarded as a potential prognostic biomarker in oncology. The CD133-positive cells are related to the cancer stem cell subpopulation in many types of cancer. Recent studies demonstrated the involvement of CD133 in the regulation of proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis in cancer cells. There is also evidence of its participation in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition associated with tumor progression. For a number of malignant tumor types, high CD133 expression is associated with poor prognosis, and the prognostic significance of CD133 has been confirmed in a number of meta-analyses. However, some published papers suggest that CD133 has no prognostic significance or even demonstrate a certain correlation between high CD133 levels and a positive prognosis. This review summarizes and discusses the existing evidence for and against the prognostic significance of CD133 in cancer. We also consider possible reasons for conflicting findings from the studies of the clinical significance of CD133.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Gisina
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, V. N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
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107
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Anisimov VN, Golubev AG. Melatonin and carcinogenesis in mice: the 50th anniversary of relationships. Oncotarget 2023; 14:972-976. [PMID: 38085132 PMCID: PMC10715041 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The history of studies of melatonin effects on cancer in mice is outlined, the main lesson being that the systemic in vivo effects of melatonin on animals may overwhelm the in vitro effects found using tissue explants or cell cultures. In particular, the timing of melatonin administration is of crucial importance for using the drug, which is freely available over counter and thus needs no licensing for its applications in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N. Anisimov
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg 197758, Russia
- The authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Alexey G. Golubev
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg 197758, Russia
- The authors contributed equally to this work
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108
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Odarenko KV, Zenkova MA, Markov AV. The Nexus of Inflammation-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Lung Cancer Progression: A Roadmap to Pentacyclic Triterpenoid-Based Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17325. [PMID: 38139154 PMCID: PMC10743660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its high mortality is partly due to chronic inflammation that accompanies the disease and stimulates cancer progression. In this review, we analyzed recent studies and highlighted the role of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as a link between inflammation and lung cancer. In the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (iTME), fibroblasts, macrophages, granulocytes, and lymphocytes produce inflammatory mediators, some of which can induce EMT. This leads to increased invasiveness of tumor cells and self-renewal of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are associated with metastasis and tumor recurrence, respectively. Based on published data, we propose that inflammation-induced EMT may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of lung cancer. This prospect is partially realized in the development of EMT inhibitors based on pentacyclic triterpenoids (PTs), described in the second part of our study. PTs reduce the metastatic potential and stemness of tumor cells, making PTs promising candidates for lung cancer therapy. We emphasize that the high diversity of molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation-induced EMT far exceeds those that have been implicated in drug development. Therefore, analysis of information on the relationship between the iTME and EMT is of great interest and may provide ideas for novel treatment approaches for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Odarenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (K.V.O.); (M.A.Z.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina A. Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (K.V.O.); (M.A.Z.)
| | - Andrey V. Markov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (K.V.O.); (M.A.Z.)
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109
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Abou Khouzam R, Janji B, Thiery J, Zaarour RF, Chamseddine AN, Mayr H, Savagner P, Kieda C, Gad S, Buart S, Lehn JM, Limani P, Chouaib S. Hypoxia as a potential inducer of immune tolerance, tumor plasticity and a driver of tumor mutational burden: Impact on cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:104-123. [PMID: 38029865 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In cancer patients, immune cells are often functionally compromised due to the immunosuppressive features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) which contribute to the failures in cancer therapies. Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that developing tumors adapt to the immunological environment and create a local microenvironment that impairs immune function by inducing immune tolerance and invasion. In this context, microenvironmental hypoxia, which is an established hallmark of solid tumors, significantly contributes to tumor aggressiveness and therapy resistance through the induction of tumor plasticity/heterogeneity and, more importantly, through the differentiation and expansion of immune-suppressive stromal cells. We and others have provided evidence indicating that hypoxia also drives genomic instability in cancer cells and interferes with DNA damage response and repair suggesting that hypoxia could be a potential driver of tumor mutational burden. Here, we reviewed the current knowledge on how hypoxic stress in the TME impacts tumor angiogenesis, heterogeneity, plasticity, and immune resistance, with a special interest in tumor immunogenicity and hypoxia targeting. An integrated understanding of the complexity of the effect of hypoxia on the immune and microenvironmental components could lead to the identification of better adapted and more effective combinational strategies in cancer immunotherapy. Clearly, the discovery and validation of therapeutic targets derived from the hypoxic tumor microenvironment is of major importance and the identification of critical hypoxia-associated pathways could generate targets that are undeniably attractive for combined cancer immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raefa Abou Khouzam
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Bassam Janji
- Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Tumor Immunotherapy and Microenvironment (TIME) Group, 6A, rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, L-1210 Luxembourg city, Luxembourg.
| | - Jerome Thiery
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Rania Faouzi Zaarour
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ali N Chamseddine
- Gastroenterology Department, Cochin University Hospital, Université de Paris, APHP, Paris, France; Ambroise Paré - Hartmann Private Hospital Group, Oncology Unit, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.
| | - Hemma Mayr
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University and University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Pierre Savagner
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; Centre for Molecular Biophysics, UPR 4301 CNRS, 45071 Orleans, France; Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sophie Gad
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Paris Sciences Lettres University (PSL), 75014 Paris, France; UMR CNRS 9019, Genome Integrity and Cancers, Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Stéphanie Buart
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Perparim Limani
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University and University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Salem Chouaib
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
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110
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Tervonen A, Korpela S, Nymark S, Hyttinen J, Ihalainen TO. The Effect of Substrate Stiffness on Elastic Force Transmission in the Epithelial Monolayers over Short Timescales. Cell Mol Bioeng 2023; 16:475-495. [PMID: 38099211 PMCID: PMC10716100 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-023-00772-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The importance of mechanical forces and microenvironment in guiding cellular behavior has been widely accepted. Together with the extracellular matrix (ECM), epithelial cells form a highly connected mechanical system subjected to various mechanical cues from their environment, such as ECM stiffness, and tensile and compressive forces. ECM stiffness has been linked to many pathologies, including tumor formation. However, our understanding of the effect of ECM stiffness and its heterogeneities on rapid force transduction in multicellular systems has not been fully addressed. Methods We used experimental and computational methods. Epithelial cells were cultured on elastic hydrogels with fluorescent nanoparticles. Single cells were moved by a micromanipulator, and epithelium and substrate deformation were recorded. We developed a computational model to replicate our experiments and quantify the force distribution in the epithelium. Our model further enabled simulations with local stiffness gradients. Results We found that substrate stiffness affects the force transduction and the cellular deformation following an external force. Also, our results indicate that the heterogeneities, e.g., gradients, in the stiffness can substantially influence the strain redistribution in the cell monolayers. Furthermore, we found that the cells' apico-basal elasticity provides a level of mechanical isolation between the apical cell-cell junctions and the basal focal adhesions. Conclusions Our simulation results show that increased ECM stiffness, e.g., due to a tumor, can mechanically isolate cells and modulate rapid mechanical signaling between cells over distances. Furthermore, the developed model has the potential to facilitate future studies on the interactions between epithelial monolayers and elastic substrates. Supplementary Information The online version of this article (10.1007/s12195-023-00772-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aapo Tervonen
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, University of Jyväskylä, Survontie 9 C, 40500 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sanna Korpela
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Soile Nymark
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Hyttinen
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu O. Ihalainen
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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Hussen BM, Abdullah KH, Abdullah SR, Majeed NM, Mohamadtahr S, Rasul MF, Dong P, Taheri M, Samsami M. New insights of miRNA molecular mechanisms in breast cancer brain metastasis and therapeutic targets. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:645-660. [PMID: 37818447 PMCID: PMC10560790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases in breast cancer (BC) patients are often associated with a poor prognosis. Recent studies have uncovered the critical roles of miRNAs in the initiation and progression of BC brain metastasis, highlighting the disease's underlying molecular pathways. miRNA-181c, miRNA-10b, and miRNA-21, for example, are all overexpressed in BC patients. It has been shown that these three miRNAs help tumors grow and metastasize by targeting genes that control how cells work. On the other hand, miRNA-26b5p, miRNA-7, and miRNA-1013p are all downregulated in BC brain metastasis patients. They act as tumor suppressors by controlling the expression of genes related to cell adhesion, angiogenesis, and invasion. Therapeutic miRNA targeting has considerable promise in treating BC brain metastases. Several strategies have been proposed to modulate miRNA expression, including miRNA-Mimics, antagomirs, and small molecule inhibitors of miRNA biogenesis. This review discusses the aberrant expression of miRNAs and metastatic pathways that lead to the spread of BC cells to the brain. It also explores miRNA therapeutic target molecular mechanisms and BC brain metastasis challenges with advanced strategies. The targeting of certain miRNAs opens a new door for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Khozga Hazhar Abdullah
- Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Lebanese French University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Snur Rasool Abdullah
- Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Lebanese French University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | | | - Sayran Mohamadtahr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Peixin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Samsami
- Cancer Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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112
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Sobhi Amjad Z, Shojaeian A, Sadri Nahand J, Bayat M, Taghizadieh M, Rostamian M, Babaei F, Moghoofei M. Oncoviruses: Induction of cancer development and metastasis by increasing anoikis resistance. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22598. [PMID: 38144298 PMCID: PMC10746446 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of cell death is a vital aspect in the regulation of aberrant cells such as cancer cells. Anoikis is a kind of cell death that occurs when cells get separated from the extracellular matrix. Some cancer cells can inhibit anoikis in order to progress metastasis. One of the key variables that might be implicated in anoikis resistance (AR) is viral infections. The most important viruses involved in this process are Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, human herpes virus 8, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, and hepatitis C virus. A better understanding of how carcinogenic viruses suppress anoikis might be helpful in developing an effective treatment for virus-associated cancers. In the current study, we review the role of the mentioned viruses and their gene products in anoikis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sobhi Amjad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mobina Bayat
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mosayeb Rostamian
- Nosocomial Infections Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Guha A, Goswami KK, Sultana J, Ganguly N, Choudhury PR, Chakravarti M, Bhuniya A, Sarkar A, Bera S, Dhar S, Das J, Das T, Baral R, Bose A, Banerjee S. Cancer stem cell-immune cell crosstalk in breast tumor microenvironment: a determinant of therapeutic facet. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1245421. [PMID: 38090567 PMCID: PMC10711058 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1245421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is globally one of the leading killers among women. Within a breast tumor, a minor population of transformed cells accountable for drug resistance, survival, and metastasis is known as breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Several experimental lines of evidence have indicated that BCSCs influence the functionality of immune cells. They evade immune surveillance by altering the characteristics of immune cells and modulate the tumor landscape to an immune-suppressive type. They are proficient in switching from a quiescent phase (slowly cycling) to an actively proliferating phenotype with a high degree of plasticity. This review confers the relevance and impact of crosstalk between immune cells and BCSCs as a fate determinant for BC prognosis. It also focuses on current strategies for targeting these aberrant BCSCs that could open avenues for the treatment of breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Guha
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Jasmine Sultana
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Nilanjan Ganguly
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Pritha Roy Choudhury
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Mohona Chakravarti
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Avishek Bhuniya
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Anirban Sarkar
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Saurav Bera
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sukanya Dhar
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Juhina Das
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapasi Das
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Rathindranath Baral
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Anamika Bose
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Biotechnology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Sahibzada Ajit Singh (S.A.S.) Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Saptak Banerjee
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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114
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Wang P, Yang B, Huang H, Liang P, Long B, Chen L, Yang L, Tang L, Huang L, Liang H. HIV gp120/Tat protein-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition promotes the progression of cervical lesions. AIDS Res Ther 2023; 20:82. [PMID: 37981694 PMCID: PMC10657494 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-023-00577-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with an elevated incidence of cervical cancer, and accelerated disease progression, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between HIV infection and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cervical cancer. METHODS Tissue samples from HIV-positive and negative patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer were analyzed for EMT-related proteins. Human cervical cancer SiHa cells were treated with HIV Tat and gp120 proteins to test their effects on EMT, migration, and invasion. RESULTS HIV-positive patients had lower E-cadherin and cytokeratin, and higher N-cadherin and vimentin levels than HIV-negative patients. HIV Tat and gp120 proteins induced EMT, migration, and invasion in SiHa cells. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that, compared to the control group, the protein-treated group showed upregulation of 22 genes and downregulation of 77 genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed the involvement of the Wnt signaling pathway in EMT. Further analysis of gene expression related to this pathway revealed upregulation of DVL1, TCF7, KRT17, and VMAC, while GSK3β, SFRP2, and CDH1 were downregulated. Immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that HIVgp120 and Tat proteins treatment induced elevated β-catenin expression with nuclear accumulation in SiHa cells. CONCLUSIONS The treatment of SiHa cells with HIV Tat and gp120 proteins induces EMT and activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, suggesting that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway may play a crucial role in promoting EMT progression in cervical lesion tissues of HIV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Baojun Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Peiyi Liang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Bin Long
- Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Lijie Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Lianhua Tang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huichao Liang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
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115
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Huang Y, Xu Y, Zou B. Nanotechnology and curcumin: a novel and promising approach in digestive cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:2081-2099. [PMID: 38078442 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study reviews the application of nanotechnology and curcumin, a polyphenol extracted from turmeric, in treating digestive cancers, one of the most common types of malignancies worldwide. Despite curcumin's potential for inhibiting tumor growth, its clinical application is hindered by issues such as poor solubility and bioavailability. Nanomedicine, with its unique ability to enhance drug delivery and reduce toxicity, offers a solution to these limitations. The paper focuses on the development of nanoformulations of curcumin, such as nanoparticles and liposomes, that improve its bioavailability and efficacy in treating digestive cancers, including liver and colorectal cancers. The study serves as a valuable reference for future research and development in this promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Yong Xu
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Bingwen Zou
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
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116
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Wu CY, Ghule SS, Liaw CC, Achudhan D, Fang SY, Liu PI, Huang CL, Hsieh CL, Tang CH. Ugonin P inhibits lung cancer motility by suppressing DPP-4 expression via promoting the synthesis of miR-130b-5p. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115483. [PMID: 37703658 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and the survival rate of metastatic lung cancer is exceedingly low. Helminthostatchys Zeylanica (H. Zeylanica) is a Chinese herbal medicine renowned for its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-cancer activities in various cellular and animal studies. The current study evaluated the effects of H. Zeylanica derivatives on lung cancer cells. We determined that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) expression levels were higher in lung cancer tissues than in normal tissues. We also determined that DPP-4 expression levels were higher in the metastatic stage and strongly correlated with lung cancer survival rates. An H. Zeylanica derivative (ugonin P) was shown to inhibit DPP-4 mRNA and protein expression in two lung cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Ugonin P was shown to decrease migration and invasion activities in lung cancer cells while promoting the synthesis of miR-130b-5p, which was found to negatively regulate DPP-4 protein expression and cell motility in lung cancer. We determined that ugonin P suppresses the DPP-4-dependent migration and invasion of lung cancer cells by downregulating the RAF/MEK/ERK signalling pathway and enhancing the expression of miR-130b-5p. This study provides compelling evidence that ugonin P could be used to develop novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ying Wu
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shubham Suresh Ghule
- International Master Program of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chuang Liaw
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - David Achudhan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shuen-Yih Fang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-I Liu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Lun Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- International Master Program of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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117
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Ferreira D, Santos-Pereira C, Costa M, Afonso J, Yang S, Hensel J, McAndrews KM, Longatto-Filho A, Fernandes R, Melo JB, Baltazar F, Moreira JN, Kalluri R, Rodrigues LR. Exosomes modified with anti-MEK1 siRNA lead to an effective silencing of triple negative breast cancer cells. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213643. [PMID: 37778291 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogenous disease not sensitive to endocrine or HER2 therapy and standardized treatment regimens are still missing. Therefore, development of novel TNBC treatment approaches is of utmost relevance. Herein, the potential of MAPK/ERK downregulation by RNAi-based therapeutics in a panel of mesenchymal stem-like TNBC cell lines was uncovered. Our data revealed that suppression of one of the central nodes of this signaling pathway, MEK1, affects proliferation, migration, and invasion of TNBC cells, that may be explained by the reversion of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype, which is facilitated by the MMP-2/MMP-9 downregulation. Moreover, an exosome-based system was successfully generated for the siRNA loading (iExoMEK1). Our data suggested absence of modification of the physical properties and general integrity of the iExoMEK1 comparatively to the unmodified counterparts. Such exosome-mediated downregulation of MEK1 led to a tumor regression accompanied by a decrease of angiogenesis using the chick chorioallantoic-membrane model. Our results highlight the potential of the targeting of MAPK/ERK cascade as a promising therapeutic approach against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Ferreira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cátia Santos-Pereira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Marta Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Julieta Afonso
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sujuan Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Janine Hensel
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Kathleen M McAndrews
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM 14), Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, S. Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Fernandes
- HEMS-Histology and Electron Microscopy Service, IBMC/I3S, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana B Melo
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João N Moreira
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (Polo 1), Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra-University of Coimbra, CIBB, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77005, USA; School of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ligia R Rodrigues
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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Hakim F, Kazemiraad C, Akbari-Birgani S, Abdollahpour D, Mohammadi S. Caspase-9-mediated cleavage of vimentin attenuates the aggressiveness of leukemic NB4 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2435-2444. [PMID: 36807844 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04671-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Vimentin is a main type 3 intermediate filament protein. It seems that abnormal expression of vimentin is contributed to the appearance of the aggressive feature of cancer cells. So that it has been reported that malignancy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in solid tumors, and poor clinical outcomes in patients with lymphocytic leukemia and acute myelocytic leukemia have been associated with the high expression of vimentin. Vimentin is a non-caspase substrate of caspase-9 although its cleavage by caspase-9 in biological processes has not been reported. In the present study, we sought to understand whether vimentin cleavage mediated by caspase-9 could reverse the malignancy in leukemic cells. Herein, to address the issue, we investigated vimentin changes in differentiation and took advantage of the inducible caspase-9 (iC9)/AP1903 system in human leukemic NB4 cells. Following the transfection and treatment of the cells using the iC9/AP1903 system, vimentin expression, cleavage, and subsequently, the cell invasion and the relevant markers such as CD44 and MMP-9 were evaluated. Our results revealed the downregulation and cleavage of vimentin which attenuates the malignant phenotype of the NB4 cells. Considering the favorable effect of this strategy in keeping down the malignant features of the leukemic cells, the effect of the iC9/AP1903 system in combination with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment was evaluated. The obtained data prove that iC9/AP1903 significantly makes the leukemic cells more sensitive to ATRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hakim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 45137-66731, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Cyrus Kazemiraad
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Station6, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shiva Akbari-Birgani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 45137-66731, Zanjan, Iran.
- Research Center for Basic Sciences and Modern Technologies (RBST), Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 45137-66731, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Daryoush Abdollahpour
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 45137-66731, Zanjan, Iran
- Optics Research Center, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 45137-66731, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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119
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El-Ashmawy NE, Khedr EG, Khedr NF, El-Adawy SA. Emerging therapeutic strategy for mitigating cancer progression through inhibition of sirtuin-1 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154907. [PMID: 37925819 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
With 8.8 million deaths worldwide, cancer is the major reason for the high rate of fatalities. Malignancy's commencement, progression, development, metastasis, and therapy resistance have all been correlated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway. EMT promotes the cancer cells' metastatic spread and starts the development of treatment resistance. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is a histone deacetylase that is important for signaling, cell persistence, and apoptosis. It does this by deacetylating important cell signaling molecules and proteins that are associated with apoptosis. The function of SIRT1 in EMT and cancer progression, as well as the emerging therapeutic strategy of treating cancer through the inhibition of SIRT1 and EMT will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla E El-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Egypt
| | - Eman G Khedr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Egypt
| | - Naglaa F Khedr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Egypt
| | - Samar A El-Adawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Egypt.
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Farouk SM, Khafaga AF, Abdellatif AM. Bladder cancer: therapeutic challenges and role of 3D cell culture systems in the screening of novel cancer therapeutics. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:251. [PMID: 37880676 PMCID: PMC10601189 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the sixth most common worldwide urologic malignancy associated with elevated morbidity and mortality rates if not well treated. The muscle-invasive form of BC develops in about 25% of patients. Moreover, according to estimates, 50% of patients with invasive BC experience fatal metastatic relapses. Currently, resistance to drug-based therapy is the major tumble to BC treatment. The three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures are clearly more relevant not only as a novel evolving gadget in drug screening but also as a bearable therapeutic for different diseases. In this review, various subtypes of BC and mechanisms of drug resistance to the commonly used anticancer therapies are discussed. We also summarize the key lineaments of the latest cell-based assays utilizing 3D cell culture systems and their impact on understanding the pathophysiology of BC. Such knowledge could ultimately help to address the most efficient BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh M Farouk
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abdellatif
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Ahuja S, Lazar IM. Proteomic Insights into Metastatic Breast Cancer Response to Brain Cell-Secreted Factors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.22.563488. [PMID: 37961261 PMCID: PMC10634729 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.22.563488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The most devastating feature of cancer cells is their ability to metastasize to distant sites in the body. HER2+ and triple negative breast cancers frequently metastasize to the brain and stay potentially dormant for years, clinging to the microvasculature, until favorable environmental conditions support their proliferation. The sheltered and delicate nature of the brain prevents, however, early disease detection, diagnosis, and effective delivery of therapeutic drugs. Moreover, the challenges associated with the acquisition of brain tissues and biopsies add compounding difficulties to exploring the mechanistic aspects of tumor development, leading to slow progress in understanding the drivers of disease progression and response to therapy. To provide insights into the determinants of cancer cell behavior at the brain metastatic site, this study was aimed at exploring the growth and initial response of HER2+ breast cancer cells (SKBR3) to factors present in the brain perivascular niche. The neural microenvironment conditions were simulated by using the secretome of a set of brain cells that come first in contact with the cancer cells upon crossing the blood brain barrier, i.e., human endothelial cells (HBEC5i), human astrocytes (NHA) and human microglia (HMC3) cells. Cytokine microarrays were used to investigate the cell secretomes and explore the mediators responsible for cell-cell communication, and proteomic technologies for assessing the changes in the behavior of cancer cells upon exposure to the brain cell-secreted factors. The results of the study suggest that the exposure of SKBR3 cells to the brain secretomes altered their growth potential and drove them towards a state of quiescence. The cytokines, growth factors and enzymes detected in the brain cell-conditioned medium were supportive of mostly inflammatory conditions, indicating a collective functional contribution to cell activation, defense, inflammatory responses, chemotaxis, adhesion, angiogenesis, and ECM organization. The SKBR3 cells, on the other hand, secreted numerous cancer-promoting growth factors that were either absent or present in lower abundance in the brain cell culture media, suggesting that upon exposure the SKBR3 cells were deprived of favorable environmental conditions required for optimal growth. The findings of this study underscore the key role played by the neural niche in shaping the behavior of metastasized cancer cells, providing insights into the cancer-host cell cross-talk that contributes to driving metastasized cancer cells into dormancy and into the opportunities that exist for developing novel therapeutic strategies that target the brain metastases of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Ahuja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Iulia M. Lazar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Division of Systems Biology/AIS, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
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Liu Y, Tang W, Yao F. USP53 Exerts Tumor-Promoting Effects in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Deubiquitinating CRKL. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5033. [PMID: 37894400 PMCID: PMC10605207 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) ranks in the top five malignant tumors in terms of morbidity and mortality rates. Among BC subtypes, TNBC has a high recurrence rate and metastasis rate and the worst prognosis. However, the exact mechanism by which TNBC develops is unclear. Here, we show that the deubiquitinase USP53 contributes to tumor growth and metastasis in TNBC. USP53 is overexpressed in TNBC, and this phenotype is linked to a poor prognosis. Functionally, USP53 promotes TNBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). More importantly, USP53 decreases the chemosensitivity of BC cells by enhancing v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homologue (avian)-like (CRKL) expression. Mechanistically, USP53 directly binds CRKL to stabilize and deubiquitinate it, thereby preventing CRKL degradation. Overall, we discovered that USP53 deubiquitinates CRKL, encourages tumor development and metastasis, and reduces chemosensitivity in TNBC. These findings imply that USP53 might represent a new therapeutic target for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China;
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Pediartrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China;
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China;
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Sajeev A, BharathwajChetty B, Vishwa R, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Crosstalk between Non-Coding RNAs and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Head and Neck Cancer: Identification of Novel Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:63. [PMID: 37888209 PMCID: PMC10610319 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9050063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) encompass a broad spectrum of neoplastic disorders characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. While contemporary therapeutic interventions offer promise, challenges persist due to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Central to HNC pathogenesis is the aberration in numerous signaling cascades. Prominently, the Wnt signaling pathway has been critically implicated in the etiology of HNC, as supported by a plethora of research. Equally important, variations in the expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified to modulate key cancer phenotypes such as cellular proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastatic potential, recurrence, and treatment resistance. This review aims to provide an exhaustive insight into the multifaceted influence of ncRNAs on HNC, with specific emphasis on their interactions with the Wnt/β-catenin (WBC) signaling axis. We further delineate the effect of ncRNAs in either exacerbating or attenuating HNC progression via interference with WBC signaling. An overview of the mechanisms underlying the interplay between ncRNAs and WBC signaling is also presented. In addition, we described the potential of various ncRNAs in enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic modalities. In summary, this assessment posits the potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic agents targeting the WBC signaling pathway in HNC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Bandari BharathwajChetty
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Ravichandran Vishwa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
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Washimkar KR, Tomar MS, Kulkarni C, Verma S, Shrivastava A, Chattopadhyay N, Mugale MN. Longitudinal assessment of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by evaluating TGF-β1/Smad2, Nrf2 signaling and metabolomic analysis in mice. Life Sci 2023; 331:122064. [PMID: 37657527 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is characterized by an increase in collagen synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix. Several factors, including transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), mothers against decapentaplegic homolog family proteins (Smad), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) trigger extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, fibroblast to myofibroblasts conversion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) leading to PF. However, the role of cellular defense mechanisms such as the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling during the onset and progression of PF is not understood completely. AIM The present study aims to analyze the involvement of TGF-β1/Smad signaling, and Nrf2 in the EMT and metabolic alterations that promote fibrosis in a time-dependent manner using bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF model in C57BL/6 mice. KEY FINDINGS Histopathological studies revealed loss of lung architecture and increased collagen deposition in BLM-exposed mice. BLM upregulated TGF-β1/Smad signaling and α-SMA at all time-points. The gradual increase in the accumulation of α-SMA and collagen implied the progression of PF. BLM exposure raises Nrf2 throughout each specified time-point, which suggests that Nrf2 activation might be responsible for TGF-β1-induced EMT and the development of PF. Further, metabolomic studies linked the development of PF to alterations in metabolic pathways. The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) was consistently enriched across all the time-points. Additionally, alterations in 22 commonly enriched pathways, associated with fatty acid (FA) and amino acid metabolism were observed in 30- and 60-days. SIGNIFICANCE This study elucidates the association of TGF-β1/Smad and Nrf2 signaling in the EMT and metabolic alterations associated with the etiology and progression of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveri R Washimkar
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Manendra Singh Tomar
- Centre for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Chirag Kulkarni
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shobhit Verma
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashutosh Shrivastava
- Centre for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Yang J, Karimi Kinyamu H, Ward JM, Scappini E, Archer TK. Unlocking cellular plasticity: Enhancing human iPSC reprogramming through bromodomain inhibition and extracellular matrix gene expression regulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.13.562265. [PMID: 37873209 PMCID: PMC10592827 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.13.562265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The transformation of fibroblasts into epithelial cells is critical for iPSC reprogramming. In this report, we describe studies with PFI-3, a small molecule inhibitor that specifically targets the bromodomains of SMARCA2/4 and PBRM1 subunit of SWI/SNF complex, as an enhancer of iPSC reprogramming efficiency. Our findings revealed that PFI-3 induces cellular plasticity in multiple human dermal fibroblasts, leading to a mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) during iPSC formation. This transition was characterized by the upregulation of E-cadherin expression, a key protein involved in epithelial cell adhesion. Additionally, we identified COL11A1 as a reprogramming barrier and demonstrated COL11A1 knockdown increased reprogramming efficiency. Notably, we found that PFI-3 significantly reduced the expression of numerous extracellular matrix (ECM) genes, particularly those involved in collagen assembly. Our research provides key insights into the early stages of iPSC reprogramming, highlighting the crucial role of ECM changes and cellular plasticity in this process.
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Kwantwi LB. The dual and multifaceted role of relaxin-2 in cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:2763-2771. [PMID: 36947362 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The continuous increase in cancer-associated deaths despite the substantial improvement in diagnosis and treatment has sparked discussions on the need for novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for cancer. Although increasing evidence has demonstrated the pivotal role of relaxin-2 in multiple cancers, their role is a double-edged sword with both protumor and antitumor having been reported in various malignant tumors. Considering this dual role, it appears the biological mechanism underpinning the action of relaxin-2 in cancer is not clear and further studies to elucidate their potential as a preventive factor for cancers are of prime importance. Herein, a summarized up-to-date report on the role of relaxin-2 in human cancer including detailed clinical and experimental evidence supporting their tumor-promoting and inhibitory functions in cancer development and progression has been elucidated. Also, signaling pathways and other factors orchestrating the activities of relaxin-2 in the tumor microenvironment has been discussed. Collectively, the evidence from this review has demonstrated the need for further evaluation of the role of relaxin-2 as a diagnostic and or prognostic biomarker for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Boafo Kwantwi
- Department of Medical Imaging Sciences, Klintaps College of Health and Allied Sciences, Accra, DTD. TDC, 30A Klagon, Com. 19, Tema, Ghana.
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Mohd Fuad AS, Amran NA, Nasruddin NS, Burhanudin NA, Dashper S, Arzmi MH. The Mechanisms of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Postbiotics in Oral Cancer Management. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1298-1311. [PMID: 36048406 PMCID: PMC9434094 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09985-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oral carcinogenesis is preceded by oral diseases associated with inflammation such as periodontitis and oral candidiasis, which are contributed by chronic alcoholism, smoking, poor oral hygiene, and microbial infections. Dysbiosis is an imbalance of microbial composition due to oral infection, which has been reported to contribute to oral carcinogenesis. Therefore, in this review, we summarised the role of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics in promoting a balanced oral microbiome, which may prevent oral carcinogenesis due to oral infections. Probiotics have been shown to produce biofilm, which possesses antibacterial activity against oral pathogens. Meanwhile, prebiotics can support growth and increase the benefit of probiotics. In addition, postbiotics possess antibacterial, anticariogenic, and anticancer properties that potentially aid in oral cancer prevention and treatment. The use of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics for oral cancer management is still limited despite their vast potential, thus, discovering their prospects could herald a novel approach to disease prevention and treatment while participating in combating antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aalina Sakiinah Mohd Fuad
- Cluster of Cancer Research Initiative IIUM (COCRII), International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aqilah Amran
- Cluster of Cancer Research Initiative IIUM (COCRII), International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Jardin Pharma Berhad, Sunway Subang Business Park, Selangor, 40150, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Nurrul Shaqinah Nasruddin
- Department of Diagnostic Craniofacial and Bioscience, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Aszlitah Burhanudin
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Diagnosis, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Stuart Dashper
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3055, Australia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Arzmi
- Cluster of Cancer Research Initiative IIUM (COCRII), International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
- Jardin Pharma Berhad, Sunway Subang Business Park, Selangor, 40150, Shah Alam, Malaysia.
- Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
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Wang W, Wang M, Liu X, Chen X, Cheng H, Wang G. LncRNA NEAT1 antagonizes the inhibition of melanoma proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT by Polyphyllin B. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2469-2480. [PMID: 37004552 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02474-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyphyllin B (PPB) is a compound with anti-tumor effects. Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is a long-stranded noncoding RNA that induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells and promotes tumor growth and metastasis. However, the role and mechanism of PPB on melanoma and the correlation between them remain unclear. In this study we screened NEAT1 by using LncRNA transcriptomic sequencing, and then transfected B16F10 cells using OVER-NEAT1 lentivirus. Next, we found that PPB had significant proliferation inhibition of melanoma and B16F10 cells through MTT assay and establishment of mouse subcutaneous transplantation tumor model; in addition, through wound healing assay, transwell assay and establishment of mouse melanoma lung metastasis model, we found that PPB significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of B16F10 cells in vitro, and inhibited the metastasis of melanoma to lung, bone and liver in vivo. Finally, changes in the expression levels of EMT-related proteins were assessed by western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry, and PPB significantly downregulated the expression levels of MMP-9, N-cadherin, etc., and upregulated E-cadherin. While overexpressed NEAT1 showed the ability to promote melanoma proliferation, migration and invasion, in addition to partially reversed the inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion of melanoma by PPB mentioned above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230038, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Xiaxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230038, China.
| | - Guokai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
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Khan SU, Fatima K, Malik F, Kalkavan H, Wani A. Cancer metastasis: Molecular mechanisms and clinical perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 250:108522. [PMID: 37661054 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic progression combined with non-responsiveness towards systemic therapy often shapes the course of disease for cancer patients and commonly determines its lethal outcome. The complex molecular events that promote metastasis are a combination of both, the acquired pro-metastatic properties of cancer cells and a metastasis-permissive or -supportive tumor micro-environment (TME). Yet, dissemination is a challenging process for cancer cells that requires a series of events to enable cancer cell survival and growth. Metastatic cancer cells have to initially detach themselves from primary tumors, overcome the challenges of their intravasal journey and colonize distant sites that are suited for their metastases. The implicated obstacles including anoikis and immune surveillance, can be overcome by intricate intra- and extracellular signaling pathways, which we will summarize and discuss in this review. Further, emerging modulators of metastasis, like the immune-microenvironment, microbiome, sublethal cell death engagement, or the nervous system will be integrated into the existing working model of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ullah Khan
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Division of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ASIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ASIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Halime Kalkavan
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Abubakar Wani
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105, United States.
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Miret NV, Pontillo CA, Buján S, Chiappini FA, Randi AS. Mechanisms of breast cancer progression induced by environment-polluting aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115773. [PMID: 37659737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common invasive malignancy among women worldwide and constitutes a complex and heterogeneous disease. Interest has recently grown in the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in breast cancer and the contribution of environment-polluting AhR agonists. Here, we present a literature review addressing AhR ligands, including pesticides hexachlorobenzene and chlorpyrifos, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls, parabens, and phthalates. The objectives of this review are a) to summarize recent original experimental, preclinical, and clinical studies on the biological mechanisms of AhR agonists which interfere with the regulation of breast endocrine functions, and b) to examine the biological effects of AhR ligands and their impact on breast cancer development and progression. We discuss biological mechanisms of action in cell viability, cell cycle, proliferation, epigenetic changes, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and cell migration and invasion. In addition, we examine the effects of AhR ligands on angiogenic processes, metastasis, chemoresistance, and stem cell renewal. We conclude that exposure to AhR agonists stimulates pathways that promote breast cancer development and may contribute to tumor progression. Given the massive use of industrial and agricultural chemicals, ongoing evaluation of their effects in laboratory assays and preclinical studies in breast cancer at environmentally relevant doses is deemed essential. Likewise, awareness should be raised in the population regarding the most harmful toxicants to eradicate or minimize their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia V Miret
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Físico-Matemática, Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Junín 954, 1er subsuelo (CP1113), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carolina A Pontillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sol Buján
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia A Chiappini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea S Randi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Zubaľ M, Výmolová B, Matrasová I, Výmola P, Vepřková J, Syrůček M, Tomáš R, Vaníčková Z, Křepela E, Konečná D, Bušek P, Šedo A. Fibroblast activation protein as a potential theranostic target in brain metastases of diverse solid tumours. Pathology 2023; 55:806-817. [PMID: 37419841 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastases are a very common and serious complication of oncological diseases. Despite the vast progress in multimodality treatment, brain metastases significantly decrease the quality of life and prognosis of patients. Therefore, identifying new targets in the microenvironment of brain metastases is desirable. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a transmembrane serine protease typically expressed in tumour-associated stromal cells. Due to its characteristic presence in the tumour microenvironment, FAP represents an attractive theranostic target in oncology. However, there is little information on FAP expression in brain metastases. In this study, we quantified FAP expression in samples of brain metastases of various primary origin and characterised FAP-expressing cells. We have shown that FAP expression is significantly higher in brain metastases in comparison to non-tumorous brain tissues, both at the protein and enzymatic activity levels. FAP immunopositivity was localised in regions rich in collagen and containing blood vessels. We have further shown that FAP is predominantly confined to stromal cells expressing markers typical of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). We have also observed FAP immunopositivity on tumour cells in a portion of brain metastases, mainly originating from melanoma, lung, breast, and renal cancer, and sarcoma. There were no significant differences in the quantity of FAP protein, enzymatic activity, and FAP+ stromal cells among brain metastasis samples of various origins, suggesting that there is no association of FAP expression and/or presence of FAP+ stromal cells with the histological type of brain metastases. In summary, we are the first to establish the expression of FAP and characterise FAP-expressing cells in the microenvironment of brain metastases. The frequent upregulation of FAP and its presence on both stromal and tumour cells support the use of FAP as a promising theranostic target in brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Zubaľ
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Výmolová
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Matrasová
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Výmola
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vepřková
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Syrůček
- Department of Pathology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Tomáš
- Department of Neurosurgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdislava Vaníčková
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Evžen Křepela
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dora Konečná
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurooncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bušek
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleksi Šedo
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Vogiatzoglou AP, Spanou S, Sachini N, Drakos E, Nikolaou C, Makatounakis T, Kretsovali A, Papamatheakis J. Promyelocytic leukemia protein regulates angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition to limit metastasis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:2090-2108. [PMID: 37518985 PMCID: PMC10552902 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) modulates diverse cell functions that contribute to both tumor suppressor and pro-oncogenic effects, depending on the cellular context. We show here that PML knockdown (KD) in MDA-MB-231, but not MCF7, breast cancer cells, prolonged stem-cell-like survival, and increased cell proliferation and migration, which is in line with gene-enrichment results from their RNA sequencing analysis. Of note, increased migration was accompanied by higher levels of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulator Twist-related protein 2 (TWIST2). We showed here that PML binds to TWIST2 via its basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) region and functionally interferes with the suppression of the epithelial target of TWIST2, CD24. In addition, PML ablation in MDA-MB-231 cells led to higher protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1a), resulting in a higher cell hypoxic response. Functionally, PML directly suppressed the induction of the HIF1a target gene vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFa). In line with these results, tumor xenografts of MDA-MB-231 PML-KD cells had enhanced aggressive properties, including higher microvessel density, faster local growth, and higher metastatic ability, with a preference for lung. Collectively, PML suppresses the cancer aggressive behavior by multiple mechanisms that impede both the HIF-hypoxia-angiogenic and EMT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia P. Vogiatzoglou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB)Foundation for Research and Technology‐Hellas (FORTH)CreteGreece
- Department of BiologyUniversity of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | - Syrago Spanou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB)Foundation for Research and Technology‐Hellas (FORTH)CreteGreece
- Department of BiologyUniversity of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | - Nikoleta Sachini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB)Foundation for Research and Technology‐Hellas (FORTH)CreteGreece
- Department of BiologyUniversity of CreteHeraklionGreece
- ADC Therapeutics LimitedLondonUK
| | - Elias Drakos
- Department of Pathology, Medical SchoolUniversity of CreteGreece
| | - Christoforos Nikolaou
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”Institute for BioinnovationVariGreece
| | - Takis Makatounakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB)Foundation for Research and Technology‐Hellas (FORTH)CreteGreece
| | - Androniki Kretsovali
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB)Foundation for Research and Technology‐Hellas (FORTH)CreteGreece
| | - Joseph Papamatheakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB)Foundation for Research and Technology‐Hellas (FORTH)CreteGreece
- Department of BiologyUniversity of CreteHeraklionGreece
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133
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Mishra S, Gandhi D, Tiwari RR, Rajasekaran S. Beneficial role of kaempferol and its derivatives from different plant sources on respiratory diseases in experimental models. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2311-2336. [PMID: 37410224 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory illnesses impose a significant health burden and cause deaths worldwide. Despite many advanced strategies to improve patient outcomes, they are often less effective. There is still considerable room for improvement in the treatment of various respiratory diseases. In recent years, alternative medicinal agents derived from food plants have shown better beneficial effects against a wide variety of disease models, including cancer. In this regard, kaempferol (KMF) and its derivatives are the most commonly found dietary flavonols. They have been found to exhibit protective effects on multiple chronic diseases like diabetes, fibrosis, and so on. A few recent articles have reviewed the pharmacological actions of KMF in cancer, central nervous system diseases, and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, there is no comprehensive review that exists regarding the beneficial effects of KMF and its derivatives on both malignant- and non-malignant respiratory diseases. Many experimental studies reveal that KMF and its derivatives are helpful in managing a wide range of respiratory diseases, including acute lung injury, fibrosis, asthma, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and their underlying molecular mechanisms. In addition, we also discussed the chemistry and sources, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties, methods to enhance bioavailability, as well as our perspective on future research with KMF and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehal Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India
| | - Deepa Gandhi
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India
| | - Rajnarayan R Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India
| | - Subbiah Rajasekaran
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India.
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134
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Kang S, Wang B, Xie Y, Cao X, Wang M. The Role of M1 and M2 Myocardial Macrophages in Promoting Proliferation and Healing via Activating Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2666. [PMID: 37893040 PMCID: PMC10604153 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The activation of sequential processes for the formation of permanent fibrotic tissue following myocardial infarction (MI) is pivotal for optimal healing of heart tissue. M1 and M2 macrophages are known to play essential roles in wound healing by the activation of cardiac fibroblasts after an episode of MI. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms mediated by these macrophages in cellular proliferation, fibrosis, and wound healing remain unclear. (2) Methods: In the present study, we aimed to explore the mechanisms by which M1 and M2 macrophages contribute to cellular proliferation, fibrosis, and wound healing. Using both in vivo and cellular models, we examined the remodeling effects of M1 and M2 macrophages on infarcted cardiac fibroblasts and their role in promoting cardiac healing post-MI. (3) Results: Our findings indicate that M1 macrophages induce a proliferative effect on infarcted cardiac fibroblasts by exerting an anti-apoptotic effect, thereby preventing cell death. Moreover, M1 macrophages were found to activate the mechanism of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), resulting in wound healing and inducing the fibrotic process. The present findings suggest that M1 macrophages play a crucial role in promoting cardiac remodeling post-MI, as they activate the EMT pathway and contribute to increased collagen production and fibrotic changes. (4) Conclusions: The present study provides insights into molecular and cellular mechanisms mediated by M1 and M2 macrophages in cellular proliferation, fibrosis, and wound healing post-MI. Our findings highlight the critical role of M1 macrophages in promoting cardiac remodeling by activating the EMT pathway. Understanding these mechanisms can potentially result in the development of targeted therapies aimed at enhancing the healing process and improving outcomes following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Kang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China; (S.K.); (B.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China; (S.K.); (B.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yanan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China; (S.K.); (B.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Xu Cao
- Center of Endoscopy, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang 050051, China;
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China; (S.K.); (B.W.); (Y.X.)
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135
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Jiang RY, Fang ZR, Zhang HP, Xu JY, Zhu JY, Chen KY, Wang W, Jiang X, Wang XJ. Ginsenosides: changing the basic hallmarks of cancer cells to achieve the purpose of treating breast cancer. Chin Med 2023; 18:125. [PMID: 37749560 PMCID: PMC10518937 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2021, breast cancer accounted for a substantial proportion of cancer cases and represented the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. Although tumor cells originate from normal cells in the human body, they possess distinct biological characteristics resulting from changes in gene structure and function of cancer cells in contrast with normal cells. These distinguishing features, known as hallmarks of cancer cells, differ from those of normal cells. The hallmarks primarily include high metabolic activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and resistance to cell death. Current evidence suggests that the fundamental hallmarks of tumor cells affect the tissue structure, function, and metabolism of tumor cells and their internal and external environment. Therefore, these fundamental hallmarks of tumor cells enable tumor cells to proliferate, invade and avoid apoptosis. Modifying these hallmarks of tumor cells represents a new and potentially promising approach to tumor treatment. The key to breast cancer treatment lies in identifying the optimal therapeutic agent with minimal toxicity to normal cells, considering the specific types of tumor cells in patients. Some herbal medicines contain active ingredients which can precisely achieve this purpose. In this review, we introduce Ginsenoside's mechanism and research significance in achieving the therapeutic effect of breast cancer by changing the functional hallmarks of tumor cells, providing a new perspective for the potential application of Ginsenoside as a therapeutic drug for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Yuan Jiang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi-Ru Fang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan-Ping Zhang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Yao Xu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke-Yu Chen
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, NO. 13, Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xiao-Jia Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China.
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136
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Al-khayyat W, Pirkkanen J, Dougherty J, Laframboise T, Dickinson N, Khaper N, Lees SJ, Mendonca MS, Boreham DR, Tai TC, Thome C, Tharmalingam S. Overexpression of FRA1 ( FOSL1) Leads to Global Transcriptional Perturbations, Reduced Cellular Adhesion and Altered Cell Cycle Progression. Cells 2023; 12:2344. [PMID: 37830558 PMCID: PMC10571788 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
FRA1 (FOSL1) is a transcription factor and a member of the activator protein-1 superfamily. FRA1 is expressed in most tissues at low levels, and its expression is robustly induced in response to extracellular signals, leading to downstream cellular processes. However, abnormal FRA1 overexpression has been reported in various pathological states, including tumor progression and inflammation. To date, the molecular effects of FRA1 overexpression are still not understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the transcriptional and functional effects of FRA1 overexpression using the CGL1 human hybrid cell line. FRA1-overexpressing CGL1 cells were generated using stably integrated CRISPR-mediated transcriptional activation, resulting in a 2-3 fold increase in FRA1 mRNA and protein levels. RNA-sequencing identified 298 differentially expressed genes with FRA1 overexpression. Gene ontology analysis showed numerous molecular networks enriched with FRA1 overexpression, including transcription-factor binding, regulation of the extracellular matrix and adhesion, and a variety of signaling processes, including protein kinase activity and chemokine signaling. In addition, cell functional assays demonstrated reduced cell adherence to fibronectin and collagen with FRA1 overexpression and altered cell cycle progression. Taken together, this study unravels the transcriptional response mediated by FRA1 overexpression and establishes the role of FRA1 in adhesion and cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuroud Al-khayyat
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (W.A.-k.); (N.D.); (D.R.B.); (T.C.T.); (C.T.)
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.P.); (J.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Jake Pirkkanen
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.P.); (J.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Jessica Dougherty
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.P.); (J.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Taylor Laframboise
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.P.); (J.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Noah Dickinson
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (W.A.-k.); (N.D.); (D.R.B.); (T.C.T.); (C.T.)
| | - Neelam Khaper
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 955 Oliver Rd., Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (N.K.); (S.J.L.)
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Simon J. Lees
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 955 Oliver Rd., Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (N.K.); (S.J.L.)
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Marc S. Mendonca
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation and Cancer Biology Laboratories, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Douglas R. Boreham
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (W.A.-k.); (N.D.); (D.R.B.); (T.C.T.); (C.T.)
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.P.); (J.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Tze Chun Tai
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (W.A.-k.); (N.D.); (D.R.B.); (T.C.T.); (C.T.)
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.P.); (J.D.); (T.L.)
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON P3E 2H2, Canada
| | - Christopher Thome
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (W.A.-k.); (N.D.); (D.R.B.); (T.C.T.); (C.T.)
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.P.); (J.D.); (T.L.)
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON P3E 2H2, Canada
| | - Sujeenthar Tharmalingam
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (W.A.-k.); (N.D.); (D.R.B.); (T.C.T.); (C.T.)
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (J.P.); (J.D.); (T.L.)
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON P3E 2H2, Canada
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Chandra J, Molugulu N, Annadurai S, Wahab S, Karwasra R, Singh S, Shukla R, Kesharwani P. Hyaluronic acid-functionalized lipoplexes and polyplexes as emerging nanocarriers for receptor-targeted cancer therapy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116506. [PMID: 37369307 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is an intricate disease that develops as a response to a combination of hereditary and environmental risk factors, which then result in a variety of changes to the genome. The cluster of differentiation (CD44) is a type of transmembrane glycoprotein that serves as a potential biomarker for cancer stem cells (CSC) and viable targets for therapeutic intervention in the context of cancer therapy. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear polysaccharide that exhibits a notable affinity for the CD44 receptor. This characteristic renders it a promising candidate for therapeutic interventions aimed at selectively targeting CD44-positive cancer cells. Treating cancer via non-viral vector-based gene delivery has changed the notion of curing illness through the incorporation of therapeutic genes into the organism. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of various hyaluronic acid-modified lipoplexes and polyplexes as potential drug delivery methods for specific forms of cancer by effectively targeting CD44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Chandra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Nagashekhara Molugulu
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Sivakumar Annadurai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ritu Karwasra
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM), Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Janakpuri, New Delhi 110058, India
| | - Surender Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Raebareli), Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP, 226002, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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138
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Batista DMDO, da Silva JMC, Gigek CDO, Smith MDAC, de Assumpção PP, Calcagno DQ. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 molecular mechanisms in gastric cancer progression. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:1520-1530. [PMID: 37746646 PMCID: PMC10514724 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i9.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains among the most common cancers worldwide with a high mortality-to-incidence ratio. Accumulated evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in gastric carcinogenesis. These transcripts are longer than 200 nucleotides and modulate gene expression at multiple molecular levels, inducing or inhibiting biological processes and diseases. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is one of the best-studied lncRNAs with comprehensive actions contributing to cancer progression. This lncRNA regulates gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels through interactions with microRNAs and proteins. In the present review, we discussed the molecular mechanism of MALAT1 and summarized the current knowledge of its expression in GC. Moreover, we highlighted the potential use of MALAT1 as a biomarker, including liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marília de Arruda Cardoso Smith
- Disciplina de Genética,Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, São Paulo, Brazil
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139
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Saydullaeva I, Butuner BD, Korkmaz KS. NKX3.1 Expression Contributes to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Prostate Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:32580-32592. [PMID: 37720744 PMCID: PMC10500679 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Studies demonstrate that inflammation synergizes with high-grade aggressive prostate tumor development and ultimately metastatic spread, in which a lot of work has been done in recent years. However, the clear mechanism of inflammation inciting prostate cancer remains largely uncharacterized. Our previous study has shown that the conditioned media (CM)-mediated LNCaP cell migration is partially correlated with the loss of expression of the tumor suppressor NKX3.1. Here, we continue to investigate the inflammation-mediated migration of prostate cancer cells, and the role of NKX3.1 in this process to gain insights into cell migration-related changes comprehensively. Earlier, the model of inflammation in the tumor microenvironment have been optimized by our research group; here, we continue to investigate the time-dependent effect of CM exposure together with NKX3.1 changes, in which we observed that these changes play important roles in gaining heterogeneous epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. Hence, this is an important parameter of tumor progression; we depleted NKX3.1 expression using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and examined the migrating cell clusters after exposure to inflammatory cytokines. We found that the migrated cells clearly demonstrate reversible loss of E-cadherin expression, which is consistent with subsequent vimentin expression alterations in comparison to control cells. Moreover, the data suggest that the AR-mediated transcriptional program also contributes to mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) in prostate cancer progression. Furthermore, the quantitative proteomic analysis showed that migrated subpopulations from the same cell line presented different phenotypes in which the proteins overexpressed are involved in cell metabolism and RNA processing. According to KEGG pathway analysis, the ABC transporters were found to be the most significant. Thus, the dynamic process of cellular migration favors diverse genetic compositions under changing tumor microenvironments. The different levels of invasiveness are supported by shifting the cells in between these EMT and MET phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iroda Saydullaeva
- Faculty
of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Bilge Debelec Butuner
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Kemal Sami Korkmaz
- Faculty
of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
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140
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Armstrong L, Willoughby CE, McKenna DJ. Targeting of AKT1 by miR-143-3p Suppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2207. [PMID: 37759434 PMCID: PMC10526992 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An altered expression of miR-143-3p has been previously reported in prostate cancer where it is purported to play a tumor suppressor role. Evidence from other cancers suggests miR-143-3p acts as an inhibitor of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key biological process required for metastasis. However, in prostate cancer the interaction between miR-143-3p and EMT-associated mechanisms remains unclear. Therefore, this paper investigated the link between miR-143-3p and EMT in prostate cancer using in vitro and in silico analyses. PCR detected that miR-143-3p expression was significantly decreased in prostate cancer cell lines compared to normal prostate cells. Bioinformatic analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas Prostate Adenocarcinoma (TCGA PRAD) data showed a significant downregulation of miR-143-3p in prostate cancer, correlating with pathological markers of advanced disease. Functional enrichment analysis confirmed the significant association of miR-143-3p and its target genes with EMT. The EMT-linked gene AKT1 was subsequently shown to be a novel target of miR-143-3p in prostate cancer cells. The in vitro manipulation of miR-143-3p levels significantly altered the cell proliferation, clonogenicity, migration and expression of EMT-associated markers. Further TCGA PRAD analysis suggested miR-143-3p tumor expression may be a useful predictor of disease recurrence. In summary, this is the first study to report that miR-143-3p overexpression in prostate cancer may inhibit EMT by targeting AKT1. The findings suggest miR-143-3p could be a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Declan J. McKenna
- Genomic Medicine Research Group, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK; (L.A.); (C.E.W.)
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141
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Byroju VV, Nadukkandy AS, Cordani M, Kumar LD. Retinoblastoma: present scenario and future challenges. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:226. [PMID: 37667345 PMCID: PMC10478474 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With an average incidence of 1 in every 18,000 live births, retinoblastoma is a rare type of intraocular tumour found to affect patients during their early childhood. It is curable if diagnosed at earlier stages but can become life-threateningly malignant if not treated timely. With no racial or gender predisposition, or even environmental factors known to have been involved in the incidence of the disease, retinoblastoma is often considered a clinical success story in pediatric oncology. The survival rate in highly developed countries is higher than 95% and they have achieved this because of the advancement in the development of diagnostics and treatment techniques. This includes developing the already existing techniques like chemotherapy and embarking on new strategies like enucleation, thermotherapy, cryotherapy, etc. Early diagnosis, studies on the etiopathogenesis and genetics of the disease are the need of the hour for improving the survival rates. According to the Knudson hypothesis, also known as the two hit hypothesis, two hits on the retinoblastoma susceptibility (RB) gene is often considered as the initiating event in the development of the disease. Studies on the molecular basis of the disease have also led to deciphering the downstream events and thus in the discovery of biomarkers and related targeted therapies. Furthermore, improvements in molecular biology techniques enhanced the development of efficient methods for early diagnosis, genetic counseling, and prevention of the disease. In this review, we discuss the genetic and molecular features of retinoblastoma with a special emphasis on the mutation leading to the dysregulation of key signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, DNA repair, and cellular plasticity. Also, we describe the classification, clinical and epidemiological relevance of the disease, with an emphasis on both the traditional and innovative treatments to tackle retinoblastoma. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Vardhan Byroju
- Department of Biochemistry, American International Medical University, Gros Islet, St. Lucia, USA
| | | | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lekha Dinesh Kumar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Habsiguda, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India.
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142
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Pandya Shesh B, Walter V, Palsa K, Slagle-Webb B, Neely E, Schell T, Connor JR. Sexually dimorphic effect of H-ferritin genetic manipulation on survival and tumor microenvironment in a mouse model of glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2023; 164:569-586. [PMID: 37812288 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Iron plays a crucial role in various biological mechanisms and has been found to promote tumor growth. Recent research has shown that the H-ferritin (FTH1) protein, traditionally recognized as an essential iron storage protein, can transport iron to GBM cancer stem cells, reducing their invasion activity. Moreover, the binding of extracellular FTH1 to human GBM tissues, and brain iron delivery in general, has been found to have a sex bias. These observations raise questions, addressed in this study, about whether H-ferritin levels extrinsic to the tumor can affect tumor cell pathways and if this impact is sex-specific. METHODS To interrogate the role of systemic H-ferritin in GBM we introduce a mouse model in which H-ferritin levels are genetically manipulated. Mice that were genetically manipulated to be heterozygous for H-ferritin (Fth1+/-) gene expression were orthotopically implanted with a mouse GBM cell line (GL261). Littermate Fth1 +/+ mice were used as controls. The animals were evaluated for survival and the tumors were subjected to RNA sequencing protocols. We analyzed the resulting data utilizing the murine Microenvironment Cell Population (mMCP) method for in silico immune deconvolution. mMCP analysis estimates the abundance of tissue infiltrating immune and stromal populations based on cell-specific gene expression signatures. RESULTS There was a clear sex bias in survival. Female Fth1+/- mice had significantly poorer survival than control females (Fth1+/+). The Fth1 genetic status did not affect survival in males. The mMCP analysis revealed a significant reduction in T cells and CD8 + T cell infiltration in the tumors of females with Fth1+/- background as compared to the Fth1+/+. Mast and fibroblast cell infiltration was increased in females and males with Fth1+/- background, respectively, compared to Fth1+/+ mice. CONCLUSION Genetic manipulation of Fth1 which leads to reduced systemic levels of FTH1 protein had a sexually dimorphic impact on survival. Fth1 heterozygosity significantly worsened survival in females but did not affect survival in male GBMs. Furthermore, the genetic manipulation of Fth1 significantly affected tumor infiltration of T-cells, CD8 + T cells, fibroblasts, and mast cells in a sexually dimorphic manner. These results demonstrate a role for FTH1 and presumably iron status in establishing the tumor cellular landscape that ultimately impacts survival and further reveals a sex bias that may inform the population studies showing a sex effect on the prevalence of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vonn Walter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Kondaiah Palsa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Becky Slagle-Webb
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Neely
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Todd Schell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - James R Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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143
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Lin C, Lin L, Chen T, Ye Y, Chiang B. The expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits and their associations with local immune cells and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18918-18930. [PMID: 37654227 PMCID: PMC10557882 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that may be responsible for cancer cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and immune regulation. However, little is known about the associations of different nAChR subunits with tumor microenvironment in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed pathology samples from 75 OSCC patients by immunohistochemistry. In addition, a cohort of 307 OSCC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas was analyzed. RESULTS Subunit α1 was specific to peri-OSCC skeletal muscle. Increased α1 was associated with increased CD44 (cancer stem cells), increased CD3 and 8 (T cells), increased CD56 and 16 (natural killer cells), a decreased T stage, and an increased N stage. Increased α3 was associated with increased CD56 and 16. Increased α5 was associated with decreased CD3, 8, and 56, a decreased T stage, an increased N stage, worse survival, and decreased epithelial features. Increased α7 was associated with increased CD3, 8, 56, and 16, decreased tumor/peritumor ratios of CD3, 8, and 56 immune cells, and increased epithelial features. Increased local immune cells were associated with a better prognosis. CONCLUSIONS α5 is the only subunit associated with decreased local immune cells and worse survival, while α1, α3, and α7 are associated with increased local immune cells in OSCC. α5 and α7 are correlated with different EMT states to be mesenchymal-like and epithelial-like OSCC, respectively. Protein expression data of the nAChR subunits, complementary to gene expression data, could provide meaningful information regarding the EMT status of OSCC associated with immune responses and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi‐Maw Lin
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Taiwan University Hospital, Yun‐Lin BranchTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Long‐Wei Lin
- Department of PathologyNational Taiwan University Hospital, Yun‐Lin BranchTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tseng‐Cheng Chen
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Ling Ye
- Department of BiotechnologyNational Formosa UniversityHuweiTaiwan
| | - Bor‐Luen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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144
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Hosseini V, Montazersaheb S, Hejazi N, Aslanabadi S, Mohammadinasr M, Hejazi MS. A snapshot of miRNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Difference between cancer cells and corresponding normal cells. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154731. [PMID: 37573620 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) constitutes the most aggressive tumors of the oral cavity and is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Although recent clinical treatment strategies have improved the survival rate, the outcome of OSCC patients still remains dismal because of the lack of efficient diagnostic and treatment tools. As one of the main actors of OSCC scenario, microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in triggering, progression and metastasis through the regulation of various cancer-related signaling pathways. Identification followed by precise study of the biology and mechanism of action of miRNAs will greatly help to provide valuable insights regarding OSCC development and can be considered as an anti-OSCC target. In the current review, we have provided a focused summary of the latest published papers on the role of miRNAs in apoptosis, cell cycle, proliferation, EMT and metastasis of OSCC as well as the role of long noncoding RNAs in the modulation of miRNAs in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Hosseini
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Narges Hejazi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sina Aslanabadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mina Mohammadinasr
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Saeid Hejazi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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145
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Wang F, Zhang Y, Pang R, Shi S, Wang R. Scoulerine promotes cytotoxicity and attenuates stemness in ovarian cancer by targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2023; 73:475-488. [PMID: 37708956 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
In women, ovarian cancer is a common gynecological cancer associated with poor prognosis, reoccurrence and chemoresistance. Scoulerine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has been reported effective against several carcinomas. Thus, we investigated the impact of scoulerine on ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR3). Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, migration was determined by Boyden Chamber assay, while the invasion was monitored by Boyden Chamber assay using the matrigel. The stemness properties of OVCAR3 cells were observed by tumorsphere assay. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness-related protein markers were monitored by real-time PCR analysis and immunoblotting. Scoulerine inhibits the viability of OVCAR3 cells with the IC 50 observed at 10 µmol L-1 after 48 h treatment. Scoulerine inhibited the colony-forming ability, migration and invasiveness of OVCAR3 cells in a dose-dependent fashion. Scoulerine treatment also drastically reduced the spheroid-forming ability of OVCAR3 cells. The mesenchymal and stemness--related markers like N-cadherin, vimentin, CD-44, Oct-4, Sox-2 and Aldh1A1 were downregulated, whereas the epithelial markers like E-cadherin and CD-24 were upregulated in scoulerine-treated cells. The upstream PI3K/Akt/mTOR-axis was downregulated in scoulerine-treated cells. We concluded that scoulerine successfully perturbs the cancerous properties of OVCAR3 cells by targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis. In vivo studies revealed a substantial decrease in tumor mass and volume after scoulerine treatment. Furthermore, scoulerine treatment was found to decrease oxidative stress factors in ovarian cancer mice model. Scoulerine is a potential anticancer agent against ovarian cancer and can be considered as a lead molecule for this malignancy, provided further investigations are performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Department of Gynaecology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaohong Shi
- Department of Gynaecology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang Lianyungang Jiangsu, China
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146
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Gautam D, Srivastava A, Chowdhury R, Laskar IR, Rao VKP, Mukherjee S. Mechanical microscopy of cancer cells: TGF-β induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition corresponds to low intracellular viscosity in cancer cells. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 154:1787-1799. [PMID: 37725520 DOI: 10.1121/10.0020848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Viscosity is an essential parameter that regulates bio-molecular reaction rates of diffusion-driven cellular processes. Hence, abnormal viscosity levels are often associated with various diseases and malfunctions like cancer. For this reason, monitoring intracellular viscosity becomes vital. While several approaches have been developed for in vitro and in vivo measurement of viscosity, analysis of intracellular viscosity in live cells has not yet been well realized. Our research introduces a novel, natural frequency-based, non-invasive method to determine the intracellular viscosity in cells. This method can not only efficiently analyze the differences in intracellular viscosity post modulation with molecules like PEG or glucose but is sensitive enough to distinguish the difference in intra-cellular viscosity among various cancer cell lines such as Huh-7, MCF-7, and MDAMB-231. Interestingly, TGF-β a cytokine reported to induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a feature associated with cancer invasiveness resulted in reduced viscosity of cancer cells, as captured through our method. To corroborate our findings with existing methods of analysis, we analyzed intra-cellular viscosity with a previously described viscosity-sensitive molecular rotor-based fluorophore-TPSII. In parity with our position sensing device (PSD)-based approach, an increase in fluorescence intensity was observed with viscosity enhancers, while, TGF-β exposure resulted in its reduction in the cells studied. This is the first study of its kind that attempts to characterize differences in intracellular viscosity using a novel, non-invasive PSD-based method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diplesh Gautam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan 333 031, India
| | - Abhilasha Srivastava
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan 333 031, India
| | - Rajdeep Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan 333 031, India
| | - Inamur R Laskar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan 333 031, India
| | - Venkatesh K P Rao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan 333 031, India
| | - Sudeshna Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan 333 031, India
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147
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Al-Hasnawi HNG, Pouresmaeil V, Davoodi-Dehaghani F, Rahban S, Pouresmaeil A, Homayouni Tabrizi M. Synthesis Folate-linked Chitosan-coated Quetiapine/BSA Nano-Carriers as the Efficient Targeted Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery System. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00858-0. [PMID: 37633875 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Quetiapine (QTP) has been known to suppress cancer progression in patients suffering from mental disorders. This study aimed to produce the folate-linked chitosan-coated quetiapine/BSA nano-carriers (FCQB-NCs) and evaluate their antioxidant, apoptotic, and anti-metastatic potentials on prostate, pancreas, colon, and breast cancer cell lines. The FCQB-NCs were designed, produced, and characterized using DLS, FESEM, FTIR, and Zeta potential techniques. The nano-carriers antioxidant activity was studied by applying ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays. The FCQB-NCs' cytotoxicity and apoptotic/metastatic properties were evaluated utilizing MTT assay and qPCR-based analysis for measuring the apoptotic (Nf-KB)/metastatic (MMP2, MMP9, and MMP13) gene expression, respectively. The AO/PI fluorescent cell staining, DAPI staining, and scratch assay methods were conducted to verify the apoptotic and anti-metastatic activities of FCQB-NCs. The 51-nm FCQB-NCs (PDI = 0.26) exhibited antioxidant activity and selectively decreased the MDA-MB-231 cancer cells' viability by inducing Nf-KB overexpression, which caused the apoptosis pathway activation. Moreover, the FCQB-NCs suppressed the MDA-MB-231 cells' metastatic activity by down-regulating the MMP2, MMP9, and MMP13 gene expression, verified by detecting the decreased migration rate. The FCQB-NCs selectively induced apoptosis and suppressed metastasis in the human breast cancer cell line, which can be attributed to the stepwise release of QTP in two primary (extra-cellular release) and secondary (intra-cellular release) phases. The efficient selective cytotoxic impact of FCQB-NCs can be due to the novel stepwise release mechanism of the FCQB-NCs based on the two-phase entrapment of QTP by BSA and chitosan molecules. Therefore, FCQB-NCs have the potential to be used as an efficient selective anti-breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vahid Pouresmaeil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Davoodi-Dehaghani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Rahban
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aida Pouresmaeil
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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148
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Ho HY, Lin CC, Lo YS, Chuang YC, Abomughaid MM, Hsieh MJ. Picrasidine J, a Dimeric β-Carboline-Type Alkaloid from Picrasma quassioides, Inhibits Metastasis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13230. [PMID: 37686036 PMCID: PMC10487624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are associated with recurrence, distant metastasis, and poor overall survival. This highlights the need for identifying potential therapeutics with minimal side-effects. The present study was designed to investigate the anticancer effects of picrasidine J, a dimeric β-carboline-type alkaloid isolated from the southern Asian plant Picrasma quassioides. The results showed that picrasidine J significantly inhibits HNSCC cell motility, migration, and invasion. Specifically, picrasidine J inhibited the EMT process by upregulating E-cadherin and ZO-1 and downregulating beta-catenin and Snail. Moreover, picrasidine J reduced the expression of the serine protease KLK-10. At the signaling level, the compound reduced the phosphorylation of ERK. All these factors collectively facilitated the inhibition of HNSCC metastasis with picrasidine J. Taken together, the study identifies picrasidine J as a potential anticancer compound of plant origin that might be used clinically to prevent the distant metastasis and progression of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Ho
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.); (Y.-S.L.); (Y.-C.C.)
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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149
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Gluba-Sagr A, Franczyk B, Rysz-Górzyńska M, Ławiński J, Rysz J. The Role of miRNA in Renal Fibrosis Leading to Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2358. [PMID: 37760798 PMCID: PMC10525803 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important health concern that is expected to be the fifth most widespread cause of death worldwide by 2040. The presence of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, ischemia, etc., stimulates the development and progression of CKD. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a common pathomechanism of renal dysfunction, irrespective of the primary origin of renal injury. With time, fibrosis leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Many studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are involved in the onset and development of fibrosis and CKD. miRNAs are vital regulators of some pathophysiological processes; therefore, their utility as therapeutic agents in various diseases has been suggested. Several miRNAs were demonstrated to participate in the development and progression of kidney disease. Since renal fibrosis is an important problem in chronic kidney disease, many scientists have focused on the determination of miRNAs associated with kidney fibrosis. In this review, we present the role of several miRNAs in renal fibrosis and the potential pathways involved. However, as well as those mentioned above, other miRs have also been suggested to play a role in this process in CKD. The reports concerning the impact of some miRNAs on fibrosis are conflicting, probably because the expression and regulation of miRNAs occur in a tissue- and even cell-dependent manner. Moreover, different assessment modes and populations have been used. There is a need for large studies and clinical trials to confirm the role of miRs in a clinical setting. miRNAs have great potential; thus, their analysis may improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gluba-Sagr
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rysz-Górzyńska
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Ławiński
- Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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150
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Zhou Y, Dong Y, Zhang A, Wu J, Sun Q. The role of mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes as a novel nanobiotechnology target in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1214190. [PMID: 37662434 PMCID: PMC10470003 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1214190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), one of the most common types of stem cells, are involved in the modulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME). With the advancement of nanotechnology, exosomes, especially exosomes secreted by MSCs, have been found to play an important role in the initiation and development of tumors. In recent years, nanobiotechnology and bioengineering technology have been gradually developed to detect and identify exosomes for diagnosis and modify exosomes for tumor treatment. Several novel therapeutic strategies bioengineer exosomes to carry drugs, proteins, and RNAs, and further deliver their encapsulated cargoes to cancer cells through the properties of exosomes. The unique properties of exosomes in cancer treatment include targeting, low immunogenicity, flexibility in modification, and high biological barrier permeability. Nevertheless, the current comprehensive understanding of the roles of MSCs and their secreted exosomes in cancer development remain inadequate. It is necessary to better understand/update the mechanism of action of MSCs-secreted exosomes in cancer development, providing insights for better modification of exosomes through bioengineering technology and nanobiotechnology. Therefore, this review focuses on the role of MSCs-secreted exosomes and bioengineered exosomes in the development, progression, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuqing Dong
- China Medical University and Department of Pathology, Shenyang, China
| | - Aixue Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jibin Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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