101
|
Jiao Y, Wan C, Bao W, Gao H, Liang D, Li J. Facile hydrothermal synthesis of Fe3O4@cellulose aerogel nanocomposite and its application in Fenton-like degradation of Rhodamine B. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 189:371-378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
102
|
Tao Y, Cai J, Huai X, Liu B. A novel antibiotic wastewater degradation technique combining cavitating jets impingement with multiple synergetic methods. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:36-44. [PMID: 29680622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics degradation remains a longstanding challenge in wastewater treatment. Towards this objective, we have developed a novel technique combining cavitating jets impingement with multiple synergetic methods, i.e., UV/Fenton, analogous Fenton, and photocatalytic oxidation in the present work. Three kinds of antibiotics namely amoxicillin, doxycycline and sulfadiazine sodium, are selected as model pollutants. Individual application of cavitating jets impingement is firstly conducted to evaluate the effects of jets impinging forms and nozzle inlet pressure. The effects of impingement on promoting antibiotics degradation and weakening the coalescing effects of cavitation bubbles are confirmed. Perpendicular double cavitating jets impingement is proved to be the most effective impinging form and brought a COD (chemical oxidation demand) reduction of 30.04% with the impinging effect index 1.22 at jet inlet pressure 10 MPa. Increasing the jet inlet pressure can improve the COD reduction and the effectiveness of impingement. Subsequently, UV/Fenton process is introduced to intensify the degradation process. The effects of important parameters are investigated by means of orthogonal experiments and the maximum COD reduction is up to 71.16% under the optimum conditions. Then, analogous Fenton process and photocatalytic oxidation are adopted for further enhancing the COD reduction. Different approaches used in the present work are assessed in view of multiple aspects. With COD reduction of 79.92%, the combination of cavitating jets impingement, UV/Fenton, analogous Fenton and photocatalytic oxidation is proved to be optimum method for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuequn Tao
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xiulan Huai
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Ciriminna R, Albanese L, Di Stefano V, Delisi R, Avellone G, Meneguzzo F, Pagliaro M. Beer produced via hydrodynamic cavitation retains higher amounts of xanthohumol and other hops prenylflavonoids. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
104
|
Nidheesh PV, Zhou M, Oturan MA. An overview on the removal of synthetic dyes from water by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 197:210-227. [PMID: 29366952 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 405] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater containing dyes are one of the major threats to our environment. Conventional methods are insufficient for the removal of these persistent organic pollutants. Recently much attention has been received for the oxidative removal of various organic pollutants by electrochemically generated hydroxyl radical. This review article aims to provide the recent trends in the field of various Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (EAOPs) used for removing dyes from water medium. The characteristics, fundamentals and recent advances in each processes namely anodic oxidation, electro-Fenton, peroxicoagulation, fered Fenton, anodic Fenton, photoelectro-Fenton, sonoelectro-Fenton, bioelectro-Fenton etc. have been examined in detail. These processes have great potential to destroy persistent organic pollutants in aqueous medium and most of the studies reported complete removal of dyes from water. The great capacity of these processes indicates that EAOPs constitute a promising technology for the treatment of the dye contaminated effluents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P V Nidheesh
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Minghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Mehmet A Oturan
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement, (LGE), EA 4508, UPEM, 5 Bd Descartes, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée Cedex 2, France.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
The performance study on ultrasonic/Fe 3 O 4 /H 2 O 2 for degradation of azo dye and real textile wastewater treatment. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
106
|
Ostovan A, Asadollahzadeh H, Ghaedi M. The Use of Ultrasound in pipette-tip solid-phase extraction based on CuS@ZnS@Fe3
O4
-CNTs for pre-concentration of tartrazine in water samples. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Ostovan
- Department of Chemistry, Kerman Branch; Islamic Azad University; Kerman Iran
| | | | - Mehrorang Ghaedi
- Department of Chemistry; Yasouj University; Yasouj 75918-74831 Iran
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Demaerel J, Govaerts S, Paul RR, Van Gerven T, De Borggraeve WM. Non-innocent probes in direct sonication: Metal assistance in oxidative radical CH functionalization. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 41:134-142. [PMID: 29137736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Direct sonication by means of ultrasound horns constitutes a widely used technique in chemical process technology. However, the direct contact between the metal probe and the reaction mixture does not always leave the chemical system unaffected. In this report, we study the tert-butyl hydroperoxide-mediated trifluoromethylation of heterocyclic structures, and the influence of sonication thereon. Metal leaching is observed during the process and further examined, showing that several metals can interfere significantly with the chemical reaction under study. Notably, vanadium metal was found to increase the reaction rate exceptionally well, rendering it a useful additive for this type of reactions. Ultimately, some mechanistic considerations are offered, to provide more insight into the nature of the catalytic effect of leached metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Demaerel
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven Chem&Tech, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Govaerts
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven Chem&Tech, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rony Rajan Paul
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven Chem&Tech, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Chemistry, C.M.S College, Kottayam 686001, India
| | - Tom Van Gerven
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven Chem&Tech, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim M De Borggraeve
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven Chem&Tech, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Badmus KO, Tijani JO, Massima E, Petrik L. Treatment of persistent organic pollutants in wastewater using hydrodynamic cavitation in synergy with advanced oxidation process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:7299-7314. [PMID: 29349742 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are very tenacious wastewater contaminants. The consequences of their existence have been acknowledged for negatively affecting the ecosystem with specific impact upon endocrine disruption and hormonal diseases in humans. Their recalcitrance and circumvention of nearly all the known wastewater treatment procedures are also well documented. The reported successes of POPs treatment using various advanced technologies are not without setbacks such as low degradation efficiency, generation of toxic intermediates, massive sludge production, and high energy expenditure and operational cost. However, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have recently recorded successes in the treatment of POPs in wastewater. AOPs are technologies which involve the generation of OH radicals for the purpose of oxidising recalcitrant organic contaminants to their inert end products. This review provides information on the existence of POPs and their effects on humans. Besides, the merits and demerits of various advanced treatment technologies as well as the synergistic efficiency of combined AOPs in the treatment of wastewater containing POPs was reported. A concise review of recently published studies on successful treatment of POPs in wastewater using hydrodynamic cavitation technology in combination with other advanced oxidation processes is presented with the highlight of direction for future research focus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kassim Olasunkanmi Badmus
- Environmental and Nano Science, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Jimoh Oladejo Tijani
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Emile Massima
- Environmental and Nano Science, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leslie Petrik
- Environmental and Nano Science, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Ke Y, Ning XA, Liang J, Zou H, Sun J, Cai H, Lin M, Li R, Zhang Y. Sludge treatment by integrated ultrasound-Fenton process: Characterization of sludge organic matter and its impact on PAHs removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 343:191-199. [PMID: 28950207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the impact of organic matter on the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in textile dyeing sludge by ultrasound-Fenton process has been studied. Sludge organic matter (SOM) was characterized and the degradation efficiencies of PAHs at various oxidation intensities (Fenton's reagent of 20, 70, and 140mmol/L, ultrasonic densities of 0.36, 0.90, and 1.80W/cm3, and reaction time of 15, 25, and 40min) were determined. The results showed that 75.52-84.40% of PAHs and 16.32-31.13% of SOM had degraded after ultrasound-Fenton treatment, confirming the competitive relation between both of them for degradation. The aliphatic SOM fractions were preferentially oxidized owing to their easily degradable properties, while equimolar amounts of the aromatic moieties would require more oxidant compared to the aliphatic fractions. Correlation analysis demonstrated that SOM with its lower content, stronger polarity, and a higher proportion of labile organic fraction was more favourable for PAHs degradation. In addition, the SOM fractions were decomposed to biodegradable matter after treatment, which further enhance the biodegradability of sludge. This study provides insights into the role of SOM in PAHs removal by AOPs, and confirms that the ultrasound-Fenton treatment could not only effectively degrade PAHs, but also modify SOM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaowei Ke
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xun-An Ning
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jieying Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyuan Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hualing Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meiqing Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruijing Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Ge L, Wang W, Peng Z, Tan F, Wang X, Chen J, Qiao X. Facile fabrication of Fe@MgO magnetic nanocomposites for efficient removal of heavy metal ion and dye from water. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
111
|
Zhang Z. Combined treatment of hydroxypropyl guar gum in oilfield fracturing wastewater by coagulation and the UV/H 2O 2/ferrioxalate complexes process. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:565-575. [PMID: 29431701 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxypropyl guar gum is considered to be a main component of oilfield fracturing wastewater (OFW). This work is intended to optimize the experimental conditions for the maximum oxidative degradation of hydroxypropyl guar gum by the coagulation and UV/H2O2/ferrioxalate complexes process. Optimal reaction conditions were proposed based on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and UV_vis spectra analysis. The overall removal efficiency of COD reached 83.8% for a dilution ratio of raw wastewater of 1:2, pH of 4 and FeCl3 loading of 1,000 mg/L in the coagulation process; the dosage of H2O2 (30%,v/v) was 0.6% (v/v) and added in three steps, the n(H2O2)/n(Fe2+) was 2:1, n(Fe2+)/n(C2O42-) was 3:1 and pH was 4 in the UV/H2O2/ferrioxalate complexes process; pH was adjusted to 8.5-9 by NaOH and then cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) of 2 mg/L was added in the neutralization and flocculation process. The decrease in COD during the coagulation process reduced the required H2O2 dosage and improved efficiency in the subsequent UV/H2O2/ferrioxalate complexes process. Furthermore, COD removal efficiency significantly increased by more than 13.4% with the introduction of oxalate compared with UV/Fenton. The UV_vis spectra analysis results indicated that the coagulation and UV/H2O2/ferrioxalate complexes process could efficiently remove the hydroxypropyl guar gum dissolved in OFW. An optimal combination of these parameters produced treated wastewater that met the GB8978-1996 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard level III emission standard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Catalytic decomposition of 2-chlorophenol using an ultrasonic-assisted Fe3O4–TiO2@MWCNT system: Influence factors, pathway and mechanism study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 512:172-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
113
|
Borea L, Naddeo V, Shalaby MS, Zarra T, Belgiorno V, Abdalla H, Shaban AM. Wastewater treatment by membrane ultrafiltration enhanced with ultrasound: Effect of membrane flux and ultrasonic frequency. ULTRASONICS 2018; 83:42-47. [PMID: 28662777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Membrane ultrafiltration is increasingly applied for wastewater treatment and reuse, even though membrane fouling still represents one of the main drawbacks of this technology. In the last years, innovative strategies for membrane fouling control have been developed, such as the combination of membrane processes with ultrasound (US). In present work, the application of membrane ultrafiltration and its combination with US were studied, evaluating the influence on the performance of the treatment and membrane fouling formation of two membrane fluxes, 75 and 150L/m2h, along with two US frequencies, 35 and 150kHz. The results observed showed that the combination of membrane ultrafiltration with US, respect to the filtration process alone, reduced membrane fouling rates to a greater extent at the higher membrane flux and lower US frequency applied, reaching a reduction of 57.33% at 150L/m2h and 35kHz. Furthermore, higher organic matter and turbidity removals were observed at higher frequency (130kHz). The results obtained highlights the applicability of this combined process for the upgrading of membrane ultrafiltration and as an alternative option to conventional tertiary wastewater treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Borea
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Naddeo
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Marwa S Shalaby
- Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Engineering Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir Street), P.O. Box 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Tiziano Zarra
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Belgiorno
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Heba Abdalla
- Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Engineering Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir Street), P.O. Box 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Shaban
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir Street), P.O. Box 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Expósito AJ, Monteagudo JM, Durán A, San Martín I, González L. Study of the intensification of solar photo-Fenton degradation of carbamazepine with ferrioxalate complexes and ultrasound. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 342:597-605. [PMID: 28892797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The intensification of the solar photo-Fenton system with ferrioxalate photoactive complexes and ultrasound applied to the mineralization of 15mg/L carbamazepine aqueous solution (CBZ) was evaluated. The experiments were carried out in a solar compound parabolic collector (CPC) pilot plant reactor coupled to an ultrasonic processor. The dynamic behavior of hydroxyl radicals generated under the different studied reaction systems was discussed. The initial concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous/oxalic acid and pH were found to be the most significant variables (32.79%, 25.98% and 26.04%, respectively). Under the selected optimal conditions ([H2O2]0=150mg/L; [Fe2+]0=2.5mg/L/[(COOH)2]0=12.1mg/L; pH=5) CBZ was fully degraded after 5min and 80% of TOC was removed using a solar photo-Fenton system intensified with ferrioxalate (SPFF). However, no improvement in the mineralization using SPFF process combined with ultrasound was observed. More mild pH conditions could be used in the SPFF system if compared to the traditional photo-Fenton (pH 3) acidic systems. Finally, a possible reaction pathway for the mineralization of CBZ by the SPFF system was proposed and therein discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Expósito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ETSII, INEI, IMAES Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - J M Monteagudo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ETSII, INEI, IMAES Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - A Durán
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ETSII, INEI, IMAES Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - I San Martín
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ETSII, INEI, IMAES Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - L González
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ETSII, INEI, IMAES Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Balachandramohan J, Anandan S, Sivasankar T. A simple approach for the sonochemical synthesis of Fe 3O 4-guargum nanocomposite and its catalytic reduction of p-nitroaniline. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 40:1-10. [PMID: 28946395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this present study, a facile and green method to synthesize highly stable Fe3O4-guar gum nanocomposite using ultrasound was reported. Thermal gravimetric analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the crystal structure, size and morphology, elemental composition, metal-metal and metal-oxygen bonds of the synthesized nanocomposites. Fe3O4-guar gum nanocomposite with a size of ∼48nm was obtained as from TEM. The physicochemical characterization supports the feasibility of guar gum as an efficient stabilizing agent for the formation of nanocomposite; guar gum acts as a capping agent with a zeta potential value of -34.8 which was found to be beneficial for achieving lower particle size. Guar gum serves as a matrix for both reduction and stabilization of nanocomposite. The HR-TEM and XPS shows that Fe3O4 nanoparticles are encapsulated by the guar gum polymeric networks or Fe3O4-guar gum core-shell structure. The guar gum encapsulated magnetite nanocomposite has performed better in terms of catalytic activity for the liquid phase reduction of p-nitroaniline. The simple catalytic reduction of p-nitroaniline showed an efficiency of 47% and further exceptional improvement of up to 98% reduction within 60min with the addition of sodium borohydride was achieved. The sonochemical synthesis of Fe3O4-guar gum nanocomposite does not require stringent experimental conditions or any toxic agents, and thus, a straightforward, rapid, efficient and green method for the fabrication of highly active catalysts for treating environmental pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sambandam Anandan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, Tamilnadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
116
|
Wu Z, Yuste-Córdoba FJ, Cintas P, Wu Z, Boffa L, Mantegna S, Cravotto G. Effects of ultrasonic and hydrodynamic cavitation on the treatment of cork wastewater by flocculation and Fenton processes. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 40:3-8. [PMID: 28438402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports that ultrasonic (US) and hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) are efficient strategies for the environmental remediation of cork wastewater (CW). It is necessary to remove toxic, inhibitory or refractory organic matter from CW using physical and chemical techniques (pre-treatment) prior to performing conventional biological treatment. After this biological treatment, it is also critical to further decontaminate (post-treatment) in order to meet the discharge limitation. The pre-treatment of diluted CW using Fenton oxidation (FE) alone led to COD and polyphenol (PP) removal values of 30% and 61%, respectively, while HC and US resulted in 83-90% increases in COD reduction and 26-33% increases in PP reduction. Whereas 55% and 91% COD and PP removal were achieved using flocculation (Floc) alone, COD elimination was increased by a further 7-18% under HC and US. No noticeable improvement in PP elimination was observed. US did not enhance the Floc decontamination of the original concentrated CW, however, considerable quantities of white biofilm were surprisingly generated on the CW surface after the pre-treatment, thus indicating the improvement of biodegradability of the resulting liquid. In fact, the post-treatment stage, using FE alone after having filtered the biofilms, led to reductions of 53% in COD and 90% in PP. The HC and US protocols resulted in 26-34% increases in COD elimination. HC further enhanced PP elimination caused by FE, while US resulted in lower levels of PP elimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Wu
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Jiangwangmiao Str. 8, Nanjing, China
| | - Francisco J Yuste-Córdoba
- CICYTEX/Instituto del Corcho, la Madera y el Carbón Vegetal, C/Pamplona s/n, 06800 Mérida, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Pedro Cintas
- Dpto. Quimica Organica e Inorganica, Facultad de Ciencias-UEX and IACYS-Unidad de Química Verde y Desarrollo Sostenible, E-06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Zhansheng Wu
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Luisa Boffa
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Mantegna
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Ja'fari M, Ebrahimi SL, Khosravi-Nikou MR. Ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization and denitrogenation of liquid hydrocarbon fuels: A critical review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 40:955-968. [PMID: 28946508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, a continuously worldwide concern for development of process to produce ultra-low sulfur and nitrogen fuels have been emerged. Typical hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation technology deals with important difficulties such as high pressure and temperature operating condition, failure to treat some recalcitrant compounds and limitations to meet the stringent environmental regulations. In contrary an advanced oxidation process that is ultrasound assisted oxidative desulfurization and denitrogenation satisfies latest environmental regulations in much milder conditions with more efficiency. The present work deals with a comprehensive review on findings and development in the ultrasound assisted oxidative desulfurization and denitrogenation (UAOD) during the last decades. The role of individual parameters namely temperature, residence time, ultrasound power and frequency, pH, initial concentration and types of sulfur and nitrogen compounds on the efficiency are described. What's more another treatment properties that is role of phase transfer agent (PTA) and solvents of extraction step, reaction kinetics, mechanism of the ultrasound, fuel properties and recovery in UAOD are reviewed. Finally, the required future works to mature this technology are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ja'fari
- Chemical Engineering Department, Abadan Faculty of Petroleum, Petroleum University of Technology, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Leila Ebrahimi
- Gas Engineering Department, Ahvaz Faculty of Petroleum, Petroleum University of Technology, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khosravi-Nikou
- Chemical Engineering Department, Abadan Faculty of Petroleum, Petroleum University of Technology, Iran; Gas Engineering Department, Ahvaz Faculty of Petroleum, Petroleum University of Technology, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Zheng C, Yang C, Cheng X, Xu S, Fan Z, Wang G, Wang S, Guan X, Sun X. Specifically enhancement of heterogeneous Fenton-like degradation activities for ofloxacin with synergetic effects of bimetallic Fe-Cu on ordered mesoporous silicon. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
119
|
Zhang Z. Treatment of oilfield wastewater by combined process of micro-electrolysis, Fenton oxidation and coagulation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 76:3278-3288. [PMID: 29236007 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a combined process was developed that included micro-electrolysis, Fenton oxidation and coagulation to treat oilfield fracturing wastewater. Micro-electrolysis and Fenton oxidation were applied to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) organic load and to enhance organic components gradability, respectively. Orthogonal experiment were employed to investigate the influence factors of micro-electrolysis and Fenton oxidation on COD removal efficiency. For micro-electrolysis, the optimum conditions were: pH, 3; iron-carbon dosage, 50 mg/L; mass ratio of iron-carbon, 2:3; reaction time, 60 min. For Fenton oxidation, a total reaction time of 90 min, a H2O2 dosage of 12 mg/L, with a H2O2/Fe2+ mole ratio of 30, pH of 3 were selected to achieve optimum oxidation. The optimum conditions in coagulation process: pH, cationic polyacrylamide dosage, mixing speed and time is 4.3, 2 mg/L, 150 rpm and 30 s, respectively. In the continuous treatment process under optimized conditions, the COD of oily wastewater fell 56.95%, 46.23%, 30.67%, respectively, from last stage and the total COD removal efficiency reached 83.94% (from 4,314 to 693 mg/L). In the overall treatment process under optimized conditions, the COD of oily wastewater was reduced from 4,314 to 637 mg/L, and the COD removal efficiency reached 85.23%. The contribution of each stage is 68.45% (micro-electrolysis), 24.07% (Fenton oxidation), 7.48% (coagulation), respectively. Micro-electrolysis is the uppermost influencing process on COD removal. Compared with the COD removal efficiency of three processes on raw wastewater under optimized conditions: the COD removal efficiency of single micro-electrolysis, single Fenton oxidation, single coagulation is 58.34%, 44.88% and 39.72%, respectively. Experiments proved the effect of combined process is marvelous and the overall water quality of the final effluent could meet the class III national wastewater discharge standard of petrochemical industry of China (GB8978-1996).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Adityosulindro S, Barthe L, González-Labrada K, Jáuregui Haza UJ, Delmas H, Julcour C. Sonolysis and sono-Fenton oxidation for removal of ibuprofen in (waste)water. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 39:889-896. [PMID: 28733020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Two sonochemical processes were compared for the removal of ibuprofen in different water matrixes (distilled water and effluent from wastewater treatment plant). The effect of various operating parameters, such as pH (2.6-8.0), ultrasound power density (25-100W/L), sonication frequency (12-862kHz), addition of radical promoters (H2O2 and Fenton's reagent) or scavengers (n-butanol and acetic acid), was evaluated. Sono-degradation of ibuprofen followed a first-order kinetic trend, whose rate constant increased with ultrasound density and frequency. For this hydrophobic and low volatile molecule, a free-radical mechanism at the bubble interface was established. Coupling ultrasound with Fenton reaction showed a positive synergy, especially in terms of mineralization yield, while adding H2O2 alone had no significant beneficial effect. Dedicated experiments proved this synergy to be due to the enhanced regeneration of ferrous ions by ultrasound. Efficacy of the sonolysis process was hampered in wastewater matrix, mainly as the consequence of higher pH increasing the molecule solubility. However, after convenient acidification, sono-Fenton oxidation results remained almost unchanged, indicating no significant radical scavenging effects from the effluent compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurie Barthe
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Katia González-Labrada
- Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas (InSTEC), Universidad de La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Henri Delmas
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Carine Julcour
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Villota N, Lomas JM, Camarero LM. Effect of ultrasonic waves on the water turbidity during the oxidation of phenol. Formation of (hydro)peroxo complexes. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 39:439-445. [PMID: 28732966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of the kinetics of aqueous phenol oxidation by a sono-Fenton process reveals that the via involving ortho-substituted intermediates prevails: catechol (25.0%), hydroquinone (7.7%) and resorcinol (0.6%). During the oxidation, water rapidly acquires color that reaches its maximum intensity at the maximum concentration of p-benzoquinone. Turbidity formation occurs at a slower rate. Oxidant dosage determines the nature of the intermediates, being trihydroxylated benzenes (pyrogallol, hydroxyhydroquinone) and muconic acid the main precursors causing turbidity. It is found that the concentration of iron species and ultrasonic waves affects the intensity of the turbidity. The pathway of (hydro)peroxo-iron(II) complexes formation is proposed. Operating with 20.0-27.8mgFe2+/kW rates leads to formation of (hydro)peroxo-iron(II) complexes, which induce high turbidity levels. These species would dissociate into ZZ-muconic acid and ferrous ions. Applying relationships around 13.9mgFe2+/kW, the formation of (hydro)peroxo-iron(III) complexes would occur, which could react with carboxylic acids (2,5-dioxo-3-hexenedioic acid). That reaction induces turbidity slower. This is due to the organic substrate reacting with two molecules of the (hydro)peroxo complex. Therefore, it is necessary to accelerate the iron regeneration, intensifying the ultrasonic irradiation. Afterwards, this complex would dissociate into maleic acid and ferric ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Villota
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Vitoria-Gasteiz, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Jose M Lomas
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Vitoria-Gasteiz, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Luis M Camarero
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Vitoria-Gasteiz, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Ramesh M, Rao MP, Rossignol F, Nagaraja HS. rGO/MnO 2 nanowires for ultrasonic-combined Fenton assisted efficient degradation of Reactive Black 5. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 76:1652-1665. [PMID: 28991782 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coated manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanowires (NWs) were prepared by the hydrothermal method. Raman spectra confirmed the presence of rGO and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of rGO/MnO2 NWs was found to be 59.1 m2g-1. The physico-chemical properties of prepared catalysts for the degradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye were investigated. 84% of RB5 dye in hydrogen peroxide solution was successfully degraded using rGO/MnO2 NWs, while only 63% was successfully degraded with pristine α-MnO2 NWs in 60 min owing to the smaller crystallite size and large surface area. Further, the ultrasonic-combined Fenton process significantly enhanced the degradation rate to 95% of RB5 by the catalyst rGO/MnO2 NWs due to synergistic effects. The decomposition products identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed a higher production rate of fragments in the ultrasonic-combined Fenton process. Therefore, rGO/MnO2 NWs with the ultrasonic-combined Fenton process is an efficient catalyst for the degradation of RB5, and may be used for environmental protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Ramesh
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575 025, India E-mail:
| | - Martha Purnachander Rao
- Nanomaterials and Solar Energy Conversion Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620015, India
| | - F Rossignol
- SPCTS, UMR 6638, ENSCI, CNRS, Centre Européen de la Céramique, 12 rue Atlantis, Limoges Cedex 87068, France
| | - H S Nagaraja
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575 025, India E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Gluten reduction in beer by hydrodynamic cavitation assisted brewing of barley malts. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
124
|
Tao Y, Cai J, Huai X, Liu B. A novel device for hazardous substances degradation based on double-cavitating-jets impingement: Parameters optimization and efficiency assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 335:188-196. [PMID: 28458080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation is an effective advanced oxidation process. But sometimes it cannot obtain satisfactory treatment efficiency by using hydrodynamic cavitation individually, so it is necessary to introduce intensive methods. Based on double-cavitating-jets impingement, this paper presents a novel device that has advantages of strong heat and mass transfer and efficient chemical reactions. Based on the device, a series of experimental investigations on degradation of a basic dye, i.e. Rhodamine B were carried out. Significant Rhodamine B removal from aqueous solution was observed during 2h treatment and the degradation reaction conformed to pseudo-first-order kinetics. The synergetic effects between double-cavitating-jets impingement and Fenton chemistry on simultaneous degradation of Rhodamine B were confirmed. Both single-variable experiments and orthogonal experiments were carried out to study the effects of initial hydrogen peroxide, ferrous sulfate and Rhodamine B concentrations and the optimum conditions were found out. Effects of jet inlet pressure in the range of 6-12MPa and solution pH value in the range of 2-8 were also investigated. The cavitation yield was evaluated to assess the energy efficiency. The present treatment scheme showed advantages in terms of reducing the demand of hydrogen peroxide concentration and enhancing the treatment efficiency in large scale operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuequn Tao
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
| | - Xiulan Huai
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Bello MM, Abdul Raman AA. Trend and current practices of palm oil mill effluent polishing: Application of advanced oxidation processes and their future perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 198:170-182. [PMID: 28460324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Palm oil processing is a multi-stage operation which generates large amount of effluent. On average, palm oil mill effluent (POME) may contain up to 51, 000 mg/L COD, 25,000 mg/L BOD, 40,000 TS and 6000 mg/L oil and grease. Due to its potential to cause environmental pollution, palm oil mills are required to treat the effluent prior to discharge. Biological treatments using open ponding system are widely used for POME treatment. Although these processes are capable of reducing the pollutant concentrations, they require long hydraulic retention time and large space, with the effluent frequently failing to satisfy the discharge regulation. Due to more stringent environmental regulations, research interest has recently shifted to the development of polishing technologies for the biologically-treated POME. Various technologies such as advanced oxidation processes, membrane technology, adsorption and coagulation have been investigated. Among these, advanced oxidation processes have shown potentials as polishing technologies for POME. This paper offers an overview on the POME polishing technologies, with particularly emphasis on advanced oxidation processes and their prospects for large scale applications. Although there are some challenges in large scale applications of these technologies, this review offers some perspectives that could help in overcoming these challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Mohammed Bello
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Centre for Dryland Agriculture, Bayero University, P.M.B. 3011, Kano State, Nigeria.
| | - Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Salimi M, Esrafili A, Gholami M, Jonidi Jafari A, Rezaei Kalantary R, Farzadkia M, Kermani M, Sobhi HR. Contaminants of emerging concern: a review of new approach in AOP technologies. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:414. [PMID: 28741247 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), flame retardants (FRs), pesticides, and artificial sweeteners (ASWs) in the aquatic environments remains a major challenge to the environment and human health. In this review, the classification and occurrence of emerging contaminants in aquatic environments were discussed in detail. It is well documented that CECs are susceptible to poor removal during the conventional wastewater treatment plants, which introduce them back to the environment ranging from nanogram per liter (e.g., carbamazepine) up to milligram per liter (e.g., acesulfame) concentration level. Meanwhile, a deep insight into the application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) on mitigation of the CECs from aquatic environment was presented. In this regard, the utilization of various treatment technologies based on AOPs including ozonation, Fenton processes, sonochemical, and TiO2 heterogeneous photocatalysis was reviewed. Additionally, some innovations (e.g., visible light heterogeneous photocatalysis, electro-Fenton) concerning the AOPs and the combined utilization of AOPs (e.g., sono-Fenton) were documented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Salimi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Esrafili
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mitra Gholami
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jonidi Jafari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Rezaei Kalantary
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Farzadkia
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Kermani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
127
|
Carpenter J, Badve M, Rajoriya S, George S, Saharan VK, Pandit AB. Hydrodynamic cavitation: an emerging technology for the intensification of various chemical and physical processes in a chemical process industry. REV CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2016-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHydrodynamic cavitation (HC) has been explored by many researchers over the years after the first publication on hydrolysis of fatty oils using HC was published by Pandit and Joshi [Pandit AB, Joshi JB. Hydrolysis of fatty oils: effect of cavitation. Chem Eng Sci 1993; 48: 3440–3442]. Before this publication, most of the studies related to cavitation in hydraulic system were concentrated to avoid the generation of cavities/cavitating conditions. The fundamental concept was to harness the energy released by cavities in a positive way for various chemical and mechanical processes. In HC, cavitation is generated by a combination of flow constriction and pressure-velocity conditions, which are monitored in such a way that cavitating conditions will be reached in a flowing system and thus generate hot spots. It allows the entire process to operate at otherwise ambient conditions of temperature and pressure while generating the cavitating conditions locally. In this review paper, we have explained in detail various cavitating devices and the effect of geometrical and operating parameters that affect the cavitation conditions. The optimization of different cavitating devices is discussed, and some strategies have been suggested for designing these devices for different applications. Also, various applications of HC such as wastewater treatment, preparation of nanoemulsions, biodiesel synthesis, water disinfection, and nanoparticle synthesis were discussed in detail.
Collapse
|
128
|
Šarc A, Stepišnik-Perdih T, Petkovšek M, Dular M. The issue of cavitation number value in studies of water treatment by hydrodynamic cavitation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 34:51-59. [PMID: 27773276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Within the last years there has been a substantial increase in reports of utilization of hydrodynamic cavitation in various applications. It has came to our attention that many times the results are poorly repeatable with the main reason being that the researchers put significant emphasis on the value of the cavitation number when describing the conditions at which their device operates. In the present paper we firstly point to the fact that the cavitation number cannot be used as a single parameter that gives the cavitation condition and that large inconsistencies in the reports exist. Then we show experiments where the influences of the geometry, the flow velocity, the medium temperature and quality on the size, dynamics and aggressiveness of cavitation were assessed. Finally we show that there are significant inconsistencies in the definition of the cavitation number itself. In conclusions we propose a number of parameters, which should accompany any report on the utilization of hydrodynamic cavitation, to make it repeatable and to enable faster progress of science and technology development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Šarc
- University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Matevž Dular
- University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Wang S, Li Z, Yu Q. Kinetic degradation of guar gum in oilfield wastewater by photo-Fenton process. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 75:11-19. [PMID: 28067641 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Guar gum is considered as a main component of oilfield wastewater. This work is intended to optimize the experimental conditions (H2O2 dosage, Fe2+ dosage, initial concentration of organics, initial pH and temperature) for the maximum oxidative degradation of guar gum by Fenton's reagent. The kinetics of guar gum removal were evaluated by means of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the absorbance measurements. The batch experiment results showed that the optimum conditions were: H2O2 dosage, 10,000 mg/L; Fe2+dosage, 2,000 mg/L; initial concentration of organics, 413 mg/L; pH, 3 and temperature, 35 °C, under which the COD removal could reach 61.07% and fairly good stability could be obtained. Under the optimum experimental conditions, using UV irradiation to treat the wastewater, the photo-Fenton systems can successfully eliminate COD from guar gum solution. The COD removal always obeyed a pseudo-first-order kinetics and the degradation rate (kapp) was increased by 25.7% in the photo-Fenton process compared to the Fenton process. The photo-Fenton system needed less time and consequently less quantity of H2O2 to obtain the same results as the Fenton process. The photo-Fenton process needs a dose of H2O2 20.46% lower than that used in the Fenton process to remove 79.54% of COD. The cost of the photo/Fenton process amounted to RMB9.43/m3, which was lower than that of the classic Fenton process alone (RMB10.58/m3) and the overall water quality of the final effluent could meet the class Ι national wastewater discharge standard for the petrochemical industry of China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunwu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China E-mail:
| | - Ziwang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Qinglong Yu
- Daqing Oilfield No. 4 Oil Production Plant Company Ltd, Petrochina, Daqing 163513, China
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Governo M, Santos MSF, Alves A, Madeira LM. Degradation of the cytostatic 5-Fluorouracil in water by Fenton and photo-assisted oxidation processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:844-854. [PMID: 27757752 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7827-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytostatics are part of the forefront research topics due to their high prescription, high toxicity, and the lack of effective solutions to stop their entrance and spread in the environment. Among them, 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) has received particular attention because is one of the most prescribed active substances in chemotherapy worldwide. The degradation of 5-Fu by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is a poorly addressed topic, and this work brings valuable inputs concerning this matter. Herein, the efficacy of Fenton's process in the degradation of 5-Fu is explored for the first time; the study of the main variables and its successful application to the treatment of real wastewaters is demonstrated. Moreover, hydrogen peroxide-based and photo-assisted techniques (direct photolysis, photodegradation with H2O2 and photo-Fenton) are also investigated for purposes of comparison. Under the best operation conditions obtained (T = 30 °C, [Fe2+]0 = 0.5 mM; [H2O2]0 = 240 mM and pH = 3 for [5-Fu]0 = 0.38 mM), 5-Fu was completely eliminated after 2 h of Fenton's reaction and about 50 % of mineralization was reached after 8 h. The best performance was obtained by the photo-Fenton process, with 5-Fu mineralization level as high as 67 %, using an iron dose within the legal limits required for direct water discharge. Toxicity (towards Vibrio fischeri) of the effluents that resulted from the application of the above-mentioned AOPs was also evaluated; it was found that the degradation products generated from the photo-assisted processes are less toxic than the parent compound, putting into evidence the relevance of such technologies for degradation of cytostatics like 5-Fu.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Governo
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica S F Santos
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Arminda Alves
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís M Madeira
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Holkar CR, Jadhav AJ, Pinjari DV, Mahamuni NM, Pandit AB. A critical review on textile wastewater treatments: Possible approaches. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 182:351-366. [PMID: 27497312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Waste water is a major environmental impediment for the growth of the textile industry besides the other minor issues like solid waste and resource waste management. Textile industry uses many kinds of synthetic dyes and discharge large amounts of highly colored wastewater as the uptake of these dyes by fabrics is very poor. This highly colored textile wastewater severely affects photosynthetic function in plant. It also has an impact on aquatic life due to low light penetration and oxygen consumption. It may also be lethal to certain forms of marine life due to the occurrence of component metals and chlorine present in the synthetic dyes. So, this textile wastewater must be treated before their discharge. In this article, different treatment methods to treat the textile wastewater have been presented along with cost per unit volume of treated water. Treatment methods discussed in this paper involve oxidation methods (cavitation, photocatalytic oxidation, ozone, H2O2, fentons process), physical methods (adsorption and filtration), biological methods (fungi, algae, bacteria, microbial fuel cell). This review article will also recommend the possible remedial measures to treat different types of effluent generated from each textile operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakant R Holkar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, N. P. Road, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Ananda J Jadhav
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, N. P. Road, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Dipak V Pinjari
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, N. P. Road, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India.
| | - Naresh M Mahamuni
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, N. P. Road, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Aniruddha B Pandit
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, N. P. Road, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Rahim Pouran S, Bayrami A, Abdul Aziz A, Wan Daud WMA, Shafeeyan MS. Ultrasound and UV assisted Fenton treatment of recalcitrant wastewaters using transition metal-substituted-magnetite nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.07.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
133
|
Chen H, Lee J, Zheng Y, Duan Q. A non-traditional energy transfer process in CWPO heterogeneous reaction for wastewater treatment. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
134
|
Mancuso G, Langone M, Laezza M, Andreottola G. Decolourization of Rhodamine B: A swirling jet-induced cavitation combined with NaOCl. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 32:18-30. [PMID: 27150741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A hydrodynamic cavitation reactor (Ecowirl) based on swirling jet-induced cavitation has been used in order to allow the degradation of a waste dye aqueous solution (Rhodamine B, RhB). Cavitation generated by Ecowirl reactor was directly compared with cavitation generated by using multiple hole orifice plates. The effects of operating conditions and parameters such as pressure, pH of dye solution, initial concentration of RhB and geometry of the cavitating devices on the degradation rate of RhB were discussed. In similar operative conditions, higher extents of degradation (ED) were obtained using Ecowirl reactor rather than orifice plate. An increase in the ED from 8.6% to 14.7% was observed moving from hole orifice plates to Ecowirl reactor. Intensification in ED of RhB by using hydrodynamic cavitation in presence of NaOCl as additive has been studied. It was found that the decolourization was most efficient for the combination of hydrodynamic cavitation and chemical oxidation as compared to chemical oxidation and hydrodynamic cavitation alone. The value of ED of 83.4% was reached in 37min using Ecowirl combined with NaOCl (4.0mgL(-1)) as compared to the 100min needed by only mixing NaOCl at the same concentration. At last, the energetic consumptions of the cavitation devices have been evaluated. Increasing the ED and reducing the treatment time, Ecowirl reactor resulted to be more energy efficient as compared to hole orifice plates, Venturi and other swirling jet-induced cavitation devices, as reported in literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mancuso
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, via Mesiano 77, 38123, Italy.
| | - Michela Langone
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, via Mesiano 77, 38123, Italy.
| | - Marco Laezza
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, via Mesiano 77, 38123, Italy.
| | - Gianni Andreottola
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, via Mesiano 77, 38123, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Bioaugmentation: An Emerging Strategy of Industrial Wastewater Treatment for Reuse and Discharge. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13090846. [PMID: 27571089 PMCID: PMC5036679 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13090846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A promising long-term and sustainable solution to the growing scarcity of water worldwide is to recycle and reuse wastewater. In wastewater treatment plants, the biodegradation of contaminants or pollutants by harnessing microorganisms present in activated sludge is one of the most important strategies to remove organic contaminants from wastewater. However, this approach has limitations because many pollutants are not efficiently eliminated. To counterbalance the limitations, bioaugmentation has been developed and consists of adding specific and efficient pollutant-biodegrading microorganisms into a microbial community in an effort to enhance the ability of this microbial community to biodegrade contaminants. This approach has been tested for wastewater cleaning with encouraging results, but failure has also been reported, especially during scale-up. In this review, work on the bioaugmentation in the context of removal of important pollutants from industrial wastewater is summarized, with an emphasis on recalcitrant compounds, and strategies that can be used to improve the efficiency of bioaugmentation are also discussed. This review also initiates a discussion regarding new research areas, such as nanotechnology and quorum sensing, that should be investigated to improve the efficiency of wastewater bioaugmentation.
Collapse
|
136
|
Liu Y, Adewuyi YG. A review on removal of elemental mercury from flue gas using advanced oxidation process: Chemistry and process. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
137
|
Raut-Jadhav S, Pinjari DV, Saini DR, Sonawane SH, Pandit AB. Intensification of degradation of methomyl (carbamate group pesticide) by using the combination of ultrasonic cavitation and process intensifying additives. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 31:135-142. [PMID: 26964933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the degradation of methomyl has been carried out by using the ultrasound cavitation (US) and its combination with H2O2, Fenton and photo-Fenton process. The study of effect of operating pH and ultrasound power density has indicated that maximum extent of degradation of 28.57% could be obtained at the optimal pH of 2.5 and power density of 0.155 W/mL. Application of US in combination with H2O2, Fenton and photo-Fenton process has further accelerated the rate of degradation of methomyl with complete degradation of methomyl in 27 min, 18 min and 9 min respectively. Mineralization study has proved that a combination of US and photo-Fenton process is the most effective process with maximum extent of mineralization of 78.8%. Comparison of energy efficiency and cost effectiveness of various processes has indicated that the electrical cost of 79892.34Rs./m(3) for ultrasonic degradation of methomyl has drastically reduced to 2277.00Rs./m(3), 1518.00Rs./m(3) and 807.58Rs./m(3) by using US in combination with H2O2, Fenton and photo-Fenton process respectively. The cost analysis has also indicated that the combination of US and photo-Fenton process is the most energy efficient and cost effective process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Raut-Jadhav
- Chemical Engineering Department, Bharati Vidyapeeth University College of Engineering, Pune 411043, India
| | - Dipak V Pinjari
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | | | - Shirish H Sonawane
- Chemical Engineering Department, N.I.T. Warangal, Andhra Pradesh 506004, India.
| | - Aniruddha B Pandit
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Papadopoulos C, Frontistis Z, Antonopoulou M, Venieri D, Konstantinou I, Mantzavinos D. Sonochemical degradation of ethyl paraben in environmental samples: Statistically important parameters determining kinetics, by-products and pathways. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 31:62-70. [PMID: 26964924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The sonochemical degradation of ethyl paraben (EP), a representative of the parabens family, was investigated. Experiments were conducted at constant ultrasound frequency of 20 kHz and liquid bulk temperature of 30 °C in the following range of experimental conditions: EP concentration 250-1250 μg/L, ultrasound (US) density 20-60 W/L, reaction time up to 120 min, initial pH 3-8 and sodium persulfate 0-100mg/L, either in ultrapure water or secondary treated wastewater. A factorial design methodology was adopted to elucidate the statistically important effects and their interactions and a full empirical model comprising seventeen terms was originally developed. Omitting several terms of lower significance, a reduced model that can reliably simulate the process was finally proposed; this includes EP concentration, reaction time, power density and initial pH, as well as the interactions (EP concentration)×(US density), (EP concentration)×(pHo) and (EP concentration)×(time). Experiments at an increased EP concentration of 3.5mg/L were also performed to identify degradation by-products. LC-TOF-MS analysis revealed that EP sonochemical degradation occurs through dealkylation of the ethyl chain to form methyl paraben, while successive hydroxylation of the aromatic ring yields 4-hydroxybenzoic, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acids. By-products are less toxic to bacterium V. fischeri than the parent compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Costas Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Zacharias Frontistis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Antonopoulou
- Department of Environmental & Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Danae Venieri
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Polytechneioupolis, GR-73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Ioannis Konstantinou
- Department of Environmental & Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Dionissios Mantzavinos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Karaca M, Kıranşan M, Karaca S, Khataee A, Karimi A. Sonocatalytic removal of naproxen by synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles on montmorillonite. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 31:250-256. [PMID: 26964947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ZnO/MMT nanocomposite as sonocatalyst was prepared by immobilizing synthesized ZnO on the montmorillonite surface. The characteristics of as-prepared nanocomposite were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The synthesized samples were used as a catalyst for sonocatalytic degradation of naproxen. ZnO/MMT catalyst in the presence of ultrasound irradiation was more effective compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles and MMT particles in the sonocatalysis of naproxen. The effect of different operational parameters on the sonocatalytic degradation of naproxen including initial drug concentration, sonocatalyst dosage, solution pH, ultrasonic power and the presence of organic and inorganic scavengers were evaluated. It was found that the presence of the scavengers suppressed the sonocatalytic degradation efficiency. The reusability of the nanocomposite was examined in several consecutive runs, and the degradation efficiency decreased only 2% after 5 repeated runs. The main intermediates of naproxen degradation were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-Mass).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melike Karaca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Murat Kıranşan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Semra Karaca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Atefeh Karimi
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Tao Y, Cai J, Huai X, Liu B, Guo Z. Application of Hydrodynamic Cavitation to Wastewater Treatment. Chem Eng Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201500362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
141
|
Lin M, Ning XA, An T, Zhang J, Chen C, Ke Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Sun J, Liu J. Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in textile dyeing sludge with ultrasound and Fenton processes: Effect of system parameters and synergistic effect study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 307:7-16. [PMID: 26795704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To establish an efficient oxidation process for the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in textile dyeing sludge, the effects of various operating parameters were optimized during the ultrasound process, Fenton process and the combined ultrasound-Fenton process. The results showed that the ultrasonic density of 1.80w/cm(3), both H2O2 and Fe(2+) dosages of 140mmol/L and pH 3 were favorable conditions for the degradation of PAHs. The degradation efficiency of high molecular weight PAHs was close to or even higher than that of light molecular weight PAHs. The highest degradation efficiencies of Σ16 PAHs were obtained within 30min in the order of: Fenton (83.5%) >ultrasound-Fenton (75.5%) >ultrasound (45.5%), then the efficiencies were decreased in the other of: ultrasound-Fenton (73.0%) >Fenton (70.3%) >ultrasound (41.4%) in 60min. The extra PAHs were released from the intracellular substances and the cavities of sludge due to the disruption of sludge during the oxidation process. Also, the degradation of PAHs could be inhibited by the other organic matter in the sludge. The combined ultrasound-Fenton process showed more efficient than both ultrasound process and Fenton process not only in the surface of sludge but also in the sludge interior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiqing Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xun-an Ning
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Taicheng An
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianhao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Changmin Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaowei Ke
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyong Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Harichandran G, Prasad S. SonoFenton degradation of an azo dye, Direct Red. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 29:178-185. [PMID: 26584996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of a reactive azo dye, Direct Red 81 (DR81), by Fenton process and in conjunction with sonolysis (SonoFenton) was studied. The synergistic effect of Fenton process and sonolysis enhanced the degradation of Direct Red 81 in aqueous solutions and the reaction followed the mechanism of hydroxyl radical (HO) oxidation. The influence of the initial substrate concentration, pH and catalyst loading on the rate of decolorisation were studied. The dye decolorisation followed apparent first order kinetics. The optimum conditions for decolorisation were pH=3.0, [Fe(2+)]=0.2 g/l, [H2O2]=5.1×10(-3) mol/l and ultrasonic frequency=120 kHz, 60 W. These conditions yielded 99% decolorisation of DR81 within 75 min. The sonolytic degradation products of DR81 were identified using Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS). The presence of CO3(2-), HCO3(-), Cl(-), NO3(-), and SO4(2-) ions in the dye solution did not have a considerable effect on the decolorisation efficiency. This study demonstrates that Fenton and SonoFenton methods can effectively decolorize DR81 dye in waste water. The dye concentration used in this study is higher compared to earlier studies illustrating the effective mineralization by the SonoFenton process. The mechanism of dye degradation is also proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Harichandran
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
| | - S Prasad
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Chakma S, Moholkar VS. Investigations in sono-enzymatic degradation of ibuprofen. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 29:485-94. [PMID: 26552749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The drug ibuprofen (IBP) appears frequently in the wastewater discharge from pharmaceutical industries. This paper reports studies in degradation of IBP employing hybrid technique of sono-enzymatic treatment. This paper also establishes synergy between individual mechanisms of enzyme and sonolysis for IBP degradation by identification of degradation intermediates, and Arrhenius & thermodynamic analysis of the experimental data. Positive synergy between sonolysis and enzyme treatment is attributed to formation of hydrophilic intermediates during degradation. These intermediates form due to hydroxylation and oxidation reactions induced by radicals formed during transient cavitation. Activation energy and enthalpy change in sono-enzymatic treatment are lower as compared to enzyme treatment, while frequency factor and entropy change are higher as compared to sonolysis. Degradation of IBP in sono-enzymatic treatment is revealed to be comparable with other hybrid techniques like photo-Fenton, sono-photocatalysis, and sono-Fenton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Chakma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Vijayanand S Moholkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Balachandran R, Patterson Z, Deymier P, Snyder SA, Keswani M. Understanding acoustic cavitation for sonolytic degradation of p-cresol as a model contaminant. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 147:52-59. [PMID: 26761597 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Many modern techniques exist for the degradation of organic pollutants in water. Numerous treatment processes which utilize the formation of hydroxyl radicals for oxidation of pollutants have been studied thoroughly. In this study, a three pronged approach has been used to characterize and understand the effect of two distinct acoustic frequencies (37 kHz and 1 MHz) on cavitation behavior. Correlation of this behavior with sonolysis of a target phenol pollutant is described. Hydroxyl radical capture, hydrophone, and microelectrode studies in this work show that megasonic frequencies are more effective for generation of hydroxyl radicals and stable cavitation events than ultrasonic frequencies. UV absorption and fluorescence measurements confirm that the combination of ultrasonic sonolysis with a Fenton reagent achieved complete degradation of p-cresol at 50 mg/L in about 30 min. Cost estimates have been made for different sonication processes and compared with traditional advanced oxidation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Balachandran
- Materials Science and Engineering, 1235 E James E Rogers Way, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Zach Patterson
- Materials Science and Engineering, 1235 E James E Rogers Way, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Pierre Deymier
- Materials Science and Engineering, 1235 E James E Rogers Way, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Shane A Snyder
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 1133 E James E Rogers Way, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Manish Keswani
- Materials Science and Engineering, 1235 E James E Rogers Way, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Hou L, Wang L, Royer S, Zhang H. Ultrasound-assisted heterogeneous Fenton-like degradation of tetracycline over a magnetite catalyst. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 302:458-467. [PMID: 26521091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of tetracycline over Fe3O4 catalyst was studied by using a coupled ultrasound/heterogeneous Fenton process. The effects of some key reaction parameters, the evolution of toxicity, and the reaction mechanism were investigated. Experimental results showed that the stability of catalyst was significantly improved when ultrasound was employed. Under optimal conditions, 93.6% of tetracycline was removed after 60 min of treatment. The removal efficiency of the total organic carbon (TOC) at 60 min was 31.8%. The surface hydroxyl radicals were identified as the major reactive species during the oxidation process. Toxicity tests with Daphnia magna indicated that the toxicity of the solution increased during the first 60 min and then decreased as the oxidation proceeded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Hou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 CNRS, 4 rue Michel Brunet, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - Liguo Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Sébastien Royer
- Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR 7285 CNRS, 4 rue Michel Brunet, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Zhu S, Zhou Z, Jiang H, Ye J, Ren J, Gu L, Wang L. Advanced treatment of effluents from an industrial park wastewater treatment plant by ferrous ion activated persulfate oxidation process. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 74:535-541. [PMID: 27438260 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The advanced oxidation technology, ferrous ion (Fe(II)) activated persulfate (PS) producing sulfate radicals, was used for the advanced treatment of effluent from an integrated wastewater treatment plant in a papermaking industrial park. Separate and interactive effects of PS dosage, Fe(II)/PS ratio and initial pH on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were analyzed by the response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed that Fe(II)-PS system was effective in COD removal from the secondary effluent. PS dosage was the most dominant factor with positive influence on COD removal, followed by initial pH value. The optimum conditions with COD removal of 54.4% were obtained at PS/COD of 2.2, initial pH of 6.47 and Fe(II)/PS of 1.89. UV-visible spectrum analysis showed that after RSM optimization, Fe(II)-PS system effectively degraded large organic molecules into small ones, and decreased humification degree of the effluent. Three-dimensional fluorescence analysis demonstrated that aromatic protein and fulvic substances were fully decomposed by the Fe(II)-PS treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songmei Zhu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China E-mail:
| | - Zhen Zhou
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China E-mail:
| | - Haitao Jiang
- Yangtze River Basin Water Resource Protection Bureau, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jiamin Ren
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China E-mail:
| | - Lingyun Gu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China E-mail:
| | - Luochun Wang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Fenton Process Coupled to Ultrasound and UV Light Irradiation for the Oxidation of a Model Pollutant. J CHEM-NY 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/4262530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fenton process coupled to photosonolysis (UV light and Us), using Fe2O3catalyst supported on Al2O3, was used to oxidize a model pollutant like acid green 50 textile dye (AG50). Dye degradation was followed by AG50 concentration decay analyses. It was observed that parameters like iron content on a fixed amount of catalyst supporting material, catalyst annealing temperature, initial dye concentration, and the solution pH influence the overall treatment efficiency. High removal efficiencies of the model pollutant are achieved. The stability and reusability tests of the Fe2O3catalyst show that the catalyst can be used up to three cycles achieving high discoloration. Thus, this catalyst is highly efficient for the degradation of AG50 in the Fenton process.
Collapse
|
148
|
Buthiyappan A, Abdul Raman AA, Daud WMAW. Development of an advanced chemical oxidation wastewater treatment system for the batik industry in Malaysia. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26775g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Symmetric representation of the Fenton oxidation batch system for the treatment of highly recalcitrant batik wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Archina Buthiyappan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Raut-Jadhav S, Saini D, Sonawane S, Pandit A. Effect of process intensifying parameters on the hydrodynamic cavitation based degradation of commercial pesticide (methomyl) in the aqueous solution. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 28:283-293. [PMID: 26384910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Methomyl, a carbamate pesticide, is classified as a pesticide of category-1 toxicity and hence shows harmful effects on both human and aquatic life. In the present work, the degradation of methomyl has been studied by using hydrodynamic cavitation reactor (HC) and its combination with intensifying agents such as H2O2, fenton reagent and ozone (hybrid processes). Initially, the optimization of operating parameters such pH and inlet pressure to the cavitating device (circular venturi) has been carried out for maximizing the efficacy of hydrodynamic cavitation. Further degradation study of methomyl by the application of hybrid processes was carried out at an optimal pH of 2.5 and the optimal inlet pressure of 5 bar. Significant synergetic effect has been observed in case of all the hybrid processes studied. Synergetic coefficient of 5.8, 13.41 and 47.6 has been obtained by combining hydrodynamic cavitation with H2O2, fenton process and ozone respectively. Efficacy of individual and hybrid processes has also been obtained in terms of energy efficiency and extent of mineralization. HC+Ozone process has proved to be the most effective process having highest synergetic coefficient, energy efficiency and the extent of mineralization. The study has also encompassed the identification of intermediate by-products generated during the degradation and has proposed the probable degradation pathway. It has been conclusively established that hydrodynamic cavitation in the presence of intensifying agents can effectively be used for complete degradation of methomyl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Raut-Jadhav
- Chemical Engineering Department, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune 411037, India
| | - Daulat Saini
- National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.
| | - Shirish Sonawane
- Chemical Engineering Department, N.I.T. Warangal, Andhra Pradesh 506004, India.
| | - Aniruddha Pandit
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Cai M, Su J, Zhu Y, Wei X, Jin M, Zhang H, Dong C, Wei Z. Decolorization of azo dyes Orange G using hydrodynamic cavitation coupled with heterogeneous Fenton process. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 28:302-310. [PMID: 26384912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The present work demonstrates the application of the combination of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and the heterogeneous Fenton process (HF, Fe(0)/H2O2) for the decolorization of azo dye Orange G (OG). The effects of main affecting operation conditions such as the inlet fluid pressure, initial concentration of OG, H2O2 and zero valent iron (ZVI), the fixed position of ZVI, and medium pH on decolorization efficiency were discussed with guidelines for selection of optimum parameters. The results revealed that the acidic conditions are preferred for OG decolorizaiton. The decolorization rate increased with increasing H2O2 and ZVI concentration and decreased with increasing OG initial concentration. Besides, the decolorization rate was strongly dependent on the fixed position of ZVI. The analysis results of degradation products using liquid chromatography-ESI-TOF mass spectrometry revealed that the degradation mechanism of OG proceeds mainly via reductive cleavage of the azo linkage due to the attack of hydroxyl radical. The present work has conclusively established that the combination of HC and HF can be more energy efficient and gives higher decolorization rate of OG as compared with HC and HF alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiqiang Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China
| | - Jie Su
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China
| | - Yizu Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China
| | - Micong Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Poison Research and Control, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China.
| | - Haojie Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China
| | - Chunying Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China.
| | - Zongsu Wei
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|