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Yang YY, Ren YT, Jia MY, Bai CY, Liang XT, Gao HL, Zhong ML, Wang T, Guo C. The human islet amyloid polypeptide reduces hippocampal tauopathy and behavioral impairments in P301S mice without inducing neurotoxicity or seeding amyloid aggregation. Exp Neurol 2023; 362:114346. [PMID: 36750170 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that human islet amyloid polypeptide (h-IAPP) accumulates in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and may interact with Aβ or microtubule associated protein tau to associate with the neurodegenerative process. Increasing evidence indicates a potential protective effect of h-IAPP against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in AD mouse models. However, a direct therapeutic effect of h-IAPP supplementation on tauopathy has not been established. Here, we found that long-term h-IAPP treatment attenuated tau hyperphosphorylation levels and induced neuroinflammation and oxidative damage, prevented synaptic loss and neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus, and alleviated behavioral deficits in P301S transgenic mice (a mouse model of tauopathy). Restoration of insulin sensitization, glucose/energy metabolism, and activated BDNF signaling also contributed to the underlying mechanisms. These findings suggest that seemly h-IAPP has promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders with tauopathy, such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China; Liaoning Cheng Da Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenyang 110179, China
| | - Yan-Tao Ren
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Meng-Yu Jia
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Chen-Yang Bai
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Xiu-Ting Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Hui-Ling Gao
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Man-Li Zhong
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Chuang Guo
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
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102
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Chen N, Lu B, Fu Y. Autophagic Clearance of Lipid Droplets Alters Metabolic Phenotypes in a Genetic Obesity-Diabetes Mouse Model. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:119-129. [PMID: 37197643 PMCID: PMC10110819 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-022-00080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles that store neutral lipids, and their aberrant accumulation is associated with many diseases including metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. Meanwhile, the potential pathological contributions of LDs in these diseases are unclear, likely due to a lack of chemical biology tools to clear LDs. We recently developed LD-clearance small molecule compounds, Lipid Droplets·AuTophagy TEthering Compounds (LD·ATTECs), that are able to induce autophagic clearance of LDs in cells and in the liver of db/db (C57BL/6J Leprdb/Leprdb) mouse model, which is a widely used genetic model for obesity-diabetes. Meanwhile, the potential effects on the metabolic phenotype remain to be elucidated. Here, using the metabolic cage assay and the blood glucose assay, we performed phenotypic characterization of the effects of the autophagic degradation of LDs by LD·ATTECs in the db/db mouse model. The study reveals that LD·ATTECs increased the oxygen uptake of mice and the release of carbon dioxide, enhanced the heat production of animals, partially enhanced the exercise during the dark phase, decreased the blood glucose level and improved insulin sensitivity. Collectively, the study characterized the metabolic phenotypes induced by LD·ATTECs in an obesity-diabetes mouse model, revealing novel functional impacts of autophagic clearance of LDs and providing insights into LD biology and obesity-diabetes pathogenesis from the phenotypic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Boxun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yuhua Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
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103
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Liu X, Dun M, Jian T, Sun Y, Wang M, Zhang G, Ling J. Cordyceps militaris extracts and cordycepin ameliorate type 2 diabetes mellitus by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1134429. [PMID: 36969858 PMCID: PMC10033974 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1134429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction:Cordyceps militaris, which has many potential medicinal properties, has rarely been reported to alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: The effects of C. militaris extracts (CE) and cordycepin (CCS) on high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) induced T2DM mice were analysed by gut microbiome and metabolomics methods in this study.Results: The results demonstrated that glucose and lipid metabolism parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers and inflammation cytokines were down-regulated in the CCS and CE groups. A comparative analysis of the fecal samples from mice in the model and experimental groups showed that experimental groups resulted in a higher abundance of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes.Conclusion: This study provides evidence that C. militaris can be used as a food supplement to relieve T2DM, which provides a promising prospect for new functional food in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, SD, China
| | - Mengqian Dun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, SD, China
| | - Tongtong Jian
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, SD, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, SD, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, SD, China
- *Correspondence: Jianya Ling, ; Guoying Zhang, ; Mingyu Wang,
| | - Guoying Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, SD, China
- *Correspondence: Jianya Ling, ; Guoying Zhang, ; Mingyu Wang,
| | - Jianya Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, SD, China
- *Correspondence: Jianya Ling, ; Guoying Zhang, ; Mingyu Wang,
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104
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Martins BC, Junior ACS, Martins FF, Resende ADC, Inada KOP, Souza-Mello V, Nunes NM, Daleprane JB. Coffee consumption prevents obesity-related comorbidities and attenuates brown adipose tissue whitening in high-fat diet-fed mice. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 117:109336. [PMID: 36990367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of coffee consumption on molecular changes and adipose tissue remodeling in a murine model of high-fat diet-induced obesity. Three-month-old C57BL/6 mice were initially divided into 3 groups, namely, control (C), high fat (HF) and coffee prevention (HF-CP) groups, and the HF group was subdivided at the end of the 10th week into two subgroups, an HF group and a coffee treatment (HF-CT) group; thus, a total of 4 groups were investigated at the 14th week of the experiment. The HF-CP group had lower body mass than the HF group (-7%, P<0.05) and a better distribution of adipose tissue. Both groups that received coffee (HF-CP and HF-CT) showed improved glucose metabolism compared with the HF group. Coffee consumption also attenuated adipose tissue inflammation and showed decreased macrophage infiltration and lower IL-6 levels compared with the HF group (HF-CP: -337% %, P<0.05; HF-CT: -275%, P<0.05). Hepatic steatosis and inflammation were attenuated in the HF-CP and HF-CT groups. The HF-CP group showed more pronounced expression of genes involved in adaptive thermogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis (PPARγ, Prdm16, Pcg1α, β3-adrenergic receptor, Ucp-1, and Opa-1) than the other experimental groups. Preventive coffee consumption associated with a high-fat diet ameliorates the metabolic profile related to the development of obesity and its comorbidities.
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105
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Omachi K, O'Carroll C, Miner JH. PPAR δ Agonism Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis in an Alport Syndrome Mouse Model. KIDNEY360 2023; 4:341-348. [PMID: 36657027 PMCID: PMC10103270 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0006662022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Key Points A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ agonist, REN001, ameliorates kidney dysfunction in a mouse model of Alport syndrome. REN001 suppresses glomerular injury and renal fibrosis. REN001 decreases the levels of inflammation- and fibrosis-related proteins. Background Alport syndrome is a genetic kidney disease caused by mutation in any of the COL4A3 , COL4A4 , or COL4A5 genes encoding the type IV collagen α 3, α 4, and α 5 chains. Defects of type IV collagen α 3α 4α 5 cause glomerular basement membrane abnormalities and lead to defects in glomerular filtration and ESKD. Treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) dramatically slows disease progression but does not stop progression to renal failure. Therefore, novel therapeutic options with different modes of action from ACEis are needed. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) δ agonists have shown renoprotective effects in several acute kidney injury mouse models. In this study, we investigated the effects of a potent and selective PPARδ agonist, REN001 (formerly HPP593), in a mouse model of Alport syndrome. Methods We administered REN001 from the early stages to the late stages of disease by once daily intraperitoneal injections. Results REN001 treatment halved proteinuria at the late stages of disease in Col4a3 −/− mice. BUN levels were also decreased, and histological and molecular analyses showed that REN001 ameliorated renal inflammation and fibrosis. Conclusions These results indicate that REN001 slows kidney disease progression in Alport mice. REN001 has a different mechanism of action from ACEis, so we, therefore, hypothesize that combining the two treatments may show additive effects to attenuate renal injury and slow progression to renal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Omachi
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Jeffrey H. Miner
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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106
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Guo H, Wu H, Kong X, Zhang N, Li H, Dong X, Li Z. Oat β-glucan ameliorates diabetes in high fat diet and streptozotocin-induced mice by regulating metabolites. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 113:109251. [PMID: 36513312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oats are widely distributed worldwide and oat β-glucan has positive effects on human health. Particularly, oat β-glucan is reported to be beneficial in the management of type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of oat β-glucan and its possible underlying mechanisms on diabetes in type 2 diabetic mice that was induced by streptozotocin/high-fat diet (STZ/HFD). The data indicated that oat β-glucan significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose, improved glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity. The results further showed that oat β-glucan remarkably decreased the levels of total cholesterol (TCHO), total triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and free fatty acids. Moreover, oat β-glucan remarkably increased the hepatic glycogen content, but largely decreased the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in STZ/HFD-induced diabetic mice. Histological analysis showed that oat β-glucan alleviated visceral lesions. Finally, the metabolomic analysis indicated that the metabolic profile was remarkably changed after oat β-glucan intervention in diabetic mice. There were 88 and 106 differential metabolites screened as biomarkers in negative ion mode (NEG) and positive ion mode (POS) after oat β-glucan treatment, respectively. In addition, oat β-glucan significantly affected the serum metabolites of amino acids, organic acids and bile acids. Collectively, the current study elucidates oat β-glucan displays an effective nutritional intervention in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haili Wu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiangqun Kong
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Nuonuo Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hanqing Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiushan Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
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107
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Liu L, Liu Y, Zhang X, Yuan YL, Chen ZH, Chen-Yu Hsu A, Oliver BG, Xie M, Qin L, Li WM, Liu D, Wang G, Wood LG. Dyslipidemia Is Associated With Worse Asthma Clinical Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2023; 11:863-872.e8. [PMID: 36535523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia has been widely documented to be associated with cardiovascular disease, and recent studies have found an association with asthma prevalence. However, longitudinal studies investigating the relationships between dyslipidemia, asthma phenotypes, and future asthma exacerbations (AEs) are lacking. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationships between dyslipidemia, asthma phenotypes, and AEs. METHODS This study used an observational cohort study design with a 12-month follow-up. All subjects underwent serum lipid measurement, and they were then classified into 2 groups: the normal-lipidemia group and the dyslipidemia group. Demographic and clinical information and details regarding pulmonary function and asthma phenotypes at baseline were collected. All patients were followed up regularly to assess AEs. Associations of dyslipidemia with airway obstruction and asthma phenotypes were assessed at baseline, whereas dyslipidemia and AEs were assessed longitudinally. RESULTS A total of 477 patients with asthma were consecutively enrolled in this study. At baseline, the dyslipidemia group (n = 218) had a higher proportion of uncontrolled asthma, defined by the 6-item Asthma Control Questionnaire score (≥1.5). Furthermore, dyslipidemia was associated with severe asthma, nonallergic asthma, asthma with fixed airflow limitation, and older adult asthma phenotypes at baseline. In addition, dyslipidemia was associated with increased frequencies of severe AEs and moderate to severe AEs during the 12-month follow-up. In sensitivity analyses, after excluding the patients who were receiving statins, results did not differ significantly from those of the main analysis. CONCLUSIONS We identified the clinical relevance of dyslipidemia, which is associated with specific asthma phenotypes and increased AEs, independent of other components of metabolic syndrome. These findings highlight the importance of considering dyslipidemia as an "extrapulmonary trait" in asthma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Lai Yuan
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi Hong Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Respiratory Division of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alan Chen-Yu Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia; Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Min Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Gang Wang
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lisa G Wood
- Center for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
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108
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Yang N, Wang Y, Tian Q, Wang Q, Lu Y, Sun L, Wang S, Bei Y, Ji J, Zhou H, Yang W, Yao P, Zhu W, Sun L, Huang Z, Li X, Shen P. Blockage of PPARγ T166 phosphorylation enhances the inducibility of beige adipocytes and improves metabolic dysfunctions. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:766-778. [PMID: 36329235 PMCID: PMC9984430 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01077-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Beige adipocytes in mammalian white adipose tissue (WAT) can reinforce fat catabolism and energy expenditure. Promoting beige adipocyte biogenesis is a tantalizing tactic for combating obesity and its associated metabolic disorders. Here, we report that a previously unidentified phosphorylation pattern (Thr166) in the DNA-binding domain of PPARγ regulates the inducibility of beige adipocytes. This unique posttranslational modification (PTM) pattern influences allosteric communication between PPARγ and DNA or coactivators, which impedes the PPARγ-mediated transactivation of beige cell-related gene expression in WAT. The genetic mutation mimicking T166 phosphorylation (p-T166) hinders the inducibility of beige adipocytes. In contrast, genetic or chemical intervention in this PTM pattern favors beige cell formation. Moreover, inhibition of p-T166 attenuates metabolic dysfunction in obese mice. Our results uncover a mechanism involved in beige cell fate determination. Moreover, our discoveries provide a promising strategy for guiding the development of novel PPARγ agonists for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanfei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiuping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Luchen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuncheng Bei
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jianguo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Pengju Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health) & School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health) & School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Pingping Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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109
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Rohbeck E, Niersmann C, Köhrer K, Wachtmeister T, Roden M, Eckel J, Romacho T. Positive allosteric GABA A receptor modulation counteracts lipotoxicity-induced gene expression changes in hepatocytes in vitro. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1106075. [PMID: 36860523 PMCID: PMC9968943 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1106075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: We have previously shown that the novel positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor, HK4, exerts hepatoprotective effects against lipotoxicity-induced apoptosis, DNA damage, inflammation and ER stress in vitro. This might be mediated by downregulated phosphorylation of the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of HK4 on lipotoxicity-induced hepatocyte injury at the transcriptional level. Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with palmitate (200 μM) in the presence or absence of HK4 (10 μM) for 7 h. Total RNA was isolated and the expression profiles of mRNAs were assessed. Differentially expressed genes were identified and subjected to the DAVID database and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software for functional and pathway analysis, all under appropriate statistical testing. Results: Transcriptomic analysis showed substantial modifications in gene expression in response to palmitate as lipotoxic stimulus with 1,457 differentially expressed genes affecting lipid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, oxidative and ER stress among others. HK4 preincubation resulted in the prevention of palmitate-induced dysregulation by restoring initial gene expression pattern of untreated hepatocytes comprising 456 genes. Out of the 456 genes, 342 genes were upregulated and 114 downregulated by HK4. Enriched pathways analysis of those genes by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, pointed towards oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysregulation, protein ubiquitination, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation as affected pathways. These pathways are regulated by the key upstream regulators TP53, KDM5B, DDX5, CAB39 L and SYVN1, which orchestrate the metabolic and oxidative stress responses including modulation of DNA repair and degradation of ER stress-induced misfolded proteins in the presence or absence of HK4. Discussion: We conclude that HK4 specifically targets mitochondrial respiration, protein ubiquitination, apoptosis and cell cycle. This not only helps to counteract lipotoxic hepatocellular injury through modification of gene expression, but - by targeting transcription factors responsible for DNA repair, cell cycle progression and ER stress - might even prevent lipotoxic mechanisms. These findings suggest that HK4 has a great potential for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Rohbeck
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany,CureDiab Metabolic Research GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Corinna Niersmann
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany,CureDiab Metabolic Research GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wachtmeister
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eckel
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,CureDiab Metabolic Research GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tania Romacho
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,Chronic Complications of Diabetes Lab (ChroCoDiL), Department of Nursing Sciences, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain,*Correspondence: Tania Romacho,
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Lu R, Liu Y, Hong T. Epidemiological characteristics and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in China: A narrative review. Diabetes Obes Metab 2023; 25 Suppl 1:13-26. [PMID: 36775938 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM With industrialization and spread of the westernized lifestyle, the number of people affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is growing rapidly in China; this has become a major public health concern. To better understand the burden and characteristics of NAFLD/NASH in China, we aim to perform a narrative review of the literature published in this field. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out a comprehensive electronic search of five English-language and three Chinese-language databases, to identify studies regarding NAFLD or NASH published from inception to November 30, 2022. Epidemiological studies of NAFLD/NASH in China were particularly noticed and summarized. We also searched the www. CLINICALTRIALS gov and www.chictr.org.cn websites for the registered trials on the treatment of the disease led by Chinese investigators or located in China. RESULTS The increasing rate of NAFLD prevalence in China is strikingly high, reaching more than twice that in western countries. The prevalence of NAFLD is nearly 30% of the general Chinese population, making it the leading cause of chronic liver diseases. The prevalence of NAFLD/NASH varies between provinces/regions, age groups, sexes, and individuals with different metabolic profiles. NAFLD co-exists in many Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B. Since 2020, more Chinese studies have used the term metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), emphasizing the underlying metabolic disorders that occur concurrently with this disease. Several clinical trials involving lifestyle interventions, antidiabetic drugs, or traditional Chinese medicines, registered by Chinese investigators, have been completed or are ongoing. Moreover, several innovative targeted therapies developed in China are revolutionizing the treatment of NAFLD/NASH. CONCLUSIONS NAFLD has cast a heavy burden on the Chinese healthcare system. Chinese scholars are making efforts to achieve the optimal management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianpei Hong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Li J, Wu K, Zhong Y, Kuang J, Huang N, Guo X, Du H, Guo C, Li R, Zhu X, Zhang T, Gong L, Sheng L, Sun R. Si-Ni-SAN ameliorates obesity through AKT/AMPK/HSL pathway-mediated lipolysis: Network pharmacology and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115892. [PMID: 36334816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Si-Ni-San (SNS) is a famous Chinese herbal formula used in China for thousands of years. It has clinical effects on a variety of lipid metabolism disorders, but the ameliorating effects of SNS on obesity and underlying mechanisms remained poorly elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of SNS on obesity from multiple perspectives in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS The high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model was established to evaluate the effect of SNS. Then network pharmacologic methods were performed to predict underlying mechanisms, and the core pathways were verified in animal and cell studies. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that SNS significantly reduced body weight, body fat content, white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion in obese mice, and lipid accumulation in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) cells. Network pharmacologic analysis identified 66 potential therapeutic targets, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of these genes revealed that the most important signaling pathway includes AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, lipid and atherosclerosis. Western blot assay confirmed that SNS activated hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) activity and promoted lipolysis through AMPK signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The results confirmed that SNS improves lipid accumulation through AKT/AMPK/HSL axis mediated lipolysis, which opens a new option for clinical treatment of obesity and associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchao Li
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China.
| | - Kaiyi Wu
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Ying Zhong
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China.
| | - Jiangying Kuang
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China.
| | - Nana Huang
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China.
| | - Xin Guo
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Hang Du
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China.
| | - Chong Guo
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China.
| | - Rongrong Li
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China.
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China.
| | - Liping Gong
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China.
| | - Lisong Sheng
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China.
| | - Rong Sun
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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112
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Meng F, Hao P, Du H. Regulatory T cells differentiation in visceral adipose tissues contributes to insulin resistance by regulating JAZF-1/PPAR-γ pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:553-562. [PMID: 36734198 PMCID: PMC9930433 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cell (Treg) activity and differentiation in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) play an important role in inhibiting chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. Whether JAZF-1 and PPAR-γ mediate VAT Treg differentiation to promote the inhibition of chronic inflammation and insulin resistance remains unclear. Here, we investigated the roles of JAZF-1 and PPAR-γ in VAT Treg differentiation, inflammation and insulin resistance using a transgenic mouse model. First, we determined that the levels of glucose and insulin biochemical markers in the JAZF-1 transgenic general feeding or high-fat groups were lower than those in the wild-type general feeding or high-fat groups. Second, the levels of CD4+ , CD25+ , and FOXP3+ differentiation markers in the JAZF-1 transgenic general feeding or high-fat groups were significantly higher than those in the wild-type groups. PPAR-γ inhibition was associated with low levels of CD4+ , CD25+ and FOXP3+ differentiation markers. Third, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the JAZF-1 transgenic groups were lower than those in the wild-type groups, whereas IL-10 and TGF-β levels were higher in the JAZF-1 transgenic groups than in the wild-type groups. After using the PPAR-γ inhibitor, we observed that TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 increased, while IL-10 and TGF-β decreased. We found that JAZF-1 and PPAR-γ could promote Tregs differentiation and regulate insulin resistance by synergistically decreasing the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and increasing those of IL-10 and TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanping Meng
- Department of Medical LaboratoryChongqing University Three Gorges HospitalChongqingChina
| | - Po Hao
- Department of Medical TechnologyChongqing Three Gorges Medical CollegeChongqingChina
| | - Hongxin Du
- Department of Medical LaboratoryChongqing University Three Gorges HospitalChongqingChina
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Yin X, Guo X, Liu Z, Wang J. Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032844. [PMID: 36769165 PMCID: PMC9917647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease that affects approximately one-quarter of the global adult population, posing a significant threat to human health with wide-ranging social and economic implications. The main characteristic of NAFLD is considered that the excessive fat is accumulated and deposited in hepatocytes without excess alcohol intake or some other pathological causes. NAFLD is a progressive disease, ranging from steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver transplantation, and death. Therefore, NAFLD will probably emerge as the leading cause of end-stage liver disease in the coming decades. Unlike other highly prevalent diseases, NAFLD has received little attention from the global public health community. Liver biopsy is currently considered the gold standard for the diagnosis and staging of NAFLD because of the absence of noninvasive and specific biomarkers. Due to the complex pathophysiological mechanisms of NAFLD and the heterogeneity of the disease phenotype, no specific pharmacological therapies have been approved for NAFLD at present, although several drugs are in advanced stages of development. This review summarizes the current evidence on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunzhe Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiangyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zuojia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794-3400, USA
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (J.W.)
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114
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Down-regulation of hepatic CLOCK by PPARα is involved in inhibition of NAFLD. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:139-149. [PMID: 36527474 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the role of nuclear factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in modification of circadian clock and their relevance to development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Both male wild-type (WT) and Pparα-null (KO) mice treated with high-fat diet (HFD) were used to explore the effect of PPARα and lipid diet on the circadian rhythm. WT, KO, and PPARα-humanized (hPPARα) mice were treated with PPARα agonist fenofibrate to reveal the hPPARα dependence of circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) down-regulation. The mouse model and hepatocyte experiments were designed to verify the action of PPARα in down-regulating CLOCK and lipid accumulation in vivo and in vitro. Strongest NAFLD developed in mice fed 45%HFD, and it was inhibited in WT mice. The activity rhythm of WT mice was found to be different from that of the KO mice on normal diet and HFD. The core circadian factor CLOCK was down-regulated by HFD in both WT and KO mice in the liver, not in the hypothalamus. More interestingly, hepatic CLOCK was down-regulated by basal PPARα and activated PPARα in dose dependence of fenofibrate. Accordingly, CLOCK down-regulation dependent of PPARα activity was involved in inhibition of lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. Down-regulation of hepatic CLOCK by basal PPARα contributes to tolerance against development of NAFLD. Inhibition of CLOCK by activated PPARα is involved in inhibition of NAFLD by PPARα agonists. KEY MESSAGES: • PPARα inhibited NAFLD development induced by HFD. • PPARα mediated modifications of circadian rhythm and the hepatic circadian factor CLOCK in NAFLD models. • Down-regulation of hepatic CLOCK by basal PPARα contributed to tolerance against development of NAFLD. • Inhibition of CLOCK by activated PPARα was involved in therapeutic actions against fatty liver diseases by PPARα agonists.
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115
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Yang D, Sun X, Wei X, Zhang B, Fan X, Du H, Zhu R, Oh Y, Gu N. Lambda-cyhalothrin induces lipid accumulation in mouse liver is associated with AMPK inactivation. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 172:113563. [PMID: 36529352 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a critical synthetic Type II pyrethroid insecticide widely applied. Several studies suggest pyrethroids could induce fat accumulation, promote adipogenesis, and impair liver function. Now, the influences of LCT on the hepatic lipid metabolism and the cellular mechanism is still unknown. AMPK has important function in regulating cellular energy balance. To indicate the potential pathogenesis of liver injury caused by LCT exposure, ICR mice were orally administrated with LCT at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg. The results suggest that LCT induced obesity, dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis. In addition, LCT also induced oxidative stress, liver function injury, and disorganized structure of the liver. Furthermore, upregulation of PPARγ, FASN, and SREBP1c expression, as well as reduction of PPARα and FGF21 expression, bringing with decreases of phosphorylated ratios of AMPK and ACC were found in LCT-L group. These results indicate that LCT at 0.4 mg/kg could result in dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis in mice. In addition, activation of AMPK in hepatocytes effectively attenuated the effects of LCT. The detailed mechanism of LCT-induced hepatic steatosis is associated with AMPK and its downsteam genes. Activation of AMPK might be a novel protection against the progression of hepatic steatosis induced by LCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaotong Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangjuan Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xingpei Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Haining Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Ruijiao Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yuri Oh
- Faculty of Education, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
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Nhoek P, Ahn S, Pel P, Kim YM, Huh J, Kim HW, Noh M, Chin YW. Alkaloids and Coumarins with Adiponectin-Secretion-Promoting Activities from the Leaves of Orixa japonica. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:138-148. [PMID: 36529937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fractionation of a methanol extract of Orixa japonica leaves led to the identification of five new quinoline alkaloids (1, 2, 4, 8, and 9), three new coumarins (15, 17, and 19), and 20 known compounds. The structures were determined by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of 19 was proposed by electronic circular dichroism calculation. Among the compounds tested in the phenotypic screening to measure adiponectin secretion in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, metabolites 4 and 12 stimulated adiponectin secretions with EC50 values of 13.8 and 25.8 μM, respectively. Further PPARγ binding assay and molecular modeling suggested that compounds 4 and 12 are selective PPARγ agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piseth Nhoek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Pisey Pel
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmoo Huh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Noh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Ramírez-Zamudio GD, Ganga MJG, Pereira GL, Nociti RP, Chiaratti MR, Cooke RF, Chardulo LAL, Baldassini WA, Machado-Neto OR, Curi RA. Effect of Cow-Calf Supplementation on Gene Expression, Processes, and Pathways Related to Adipogenesis and Lipogenesis in Longissimus thoracis Muscle of F1 Angus × Nellore Cattle at Weaning. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020160. [PMID: 36837780 PMCID: PMC9962728 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes, biological processes, and metabolic pathways related to adipogenesis and lipogenesis in calves receiving different diets during the cow-calf phase. Forty-eight uncastrated F1 Angus × Nellore males were randomly assigned to two treatments from thirty days of age to weaning: no creep feeding (G1) or creep feeding (G2). The creep feed offered contained ground corn (44.8%), soybean meal (40.4%), and mineral core (14.8%), with 22% crude protein and 65% total digestible nutrients in dry matter. After weaning, the animals were feedlot finished for 180 days and fed a single diet containing 12.6% forage and 87.4% corn-based concentrate. Longissimus thoracis muscle samples were collected by biopsy at weaning for transcriptome analysis and at slaughter for the measurement of intramuscular fat content (IMF) and marbling score (MS). Animals of G2 had 17.2% and 14.0% higher IMF and MS, respectively (p < 0.05). We identified 947 differentially expressed genes (log2 fold change 0.5, FDR 5%); of these, 504 were upregulated and 443 were downregulated in G2. Part of the genes upregulated in G2 were related to PPAR signaling (PPARA, SLC27A1, FABP3, and DBI), unsaturated fatty acid synthesis (FADS1, FADS2, SCD, and SCD5), and fatty acid metabolism (FASN, FADS1, FADS2, SCD, and SCD5). Regarding biological processes, the genes upregulated in G2 were related to cholesterol biosynthesis (EBP, CYP51A1, DHCR24, and LSS), unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis (FADS2, SCD, SCD5, and FADS1), and insulin sensitivity (INSIG1 and LPIN2). Cow-calf supplementation G2 positively affected energy metabolism and lipid biosynthesis, and thus favored the deposition of marbling fat during the postweaning period, which was shown here in an unprecedented way, by analyzing the transcriptome, genes, pathways, and enriched processes due to the use of creep feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Júlia Generoso Ganga
- School of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Luis Pereira
- School of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Perecin Nociti
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, São Paulo University (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Roberto Chiaratti
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCAR), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luis Artur Loyola Chardulo
- School of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil
| | - Welder Angelo Baldassini
- School of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil
| | - Otávio Rodrigues Machado-Neto
- School of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil
| | - Rogério Abdallah Curi
- School of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Shim SY, Jung SJ, Kim SU, Kim HC. Ideal cardiovascular health metrics and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults. Clin Hypertens 2023; 29:3. [PMID: 36641485 PMCID: PMC9840828 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-022-00227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between cardiovascular risk factors and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is well established, but whether cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics is associated with NAFLD had not been fully studied. Thus, we examined the association between CVH metrics and NAFLD in the middle-aged Korean population. METHODS We used data of 2,928 (851 men and 2,077 women) participants aged 30-64 years from the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center study. CVH metrics were measured using a modified version of Life's Simple 7 by the American Heart Association. NAFLD diagnosis was based on the fatty liver index or liver-to-spleen ratio on computed tomography. A multiple logistic regression model was used to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between CVH metrics and NAFLD. RESULTS In the cross-sectional analysis, the odds ratio for NAFLD was lower in participants with ideal CVH (odds ratio [OR], 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08-0.18), while it was higher in individuals with poor CVH (OR, 2.87; 95% CI, 2.13-3.86). Similarly, the risk of new-onset NAFLD was lower in participants with ideal CVH (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.11-0.74), and higher in individuals with poor CVH (OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 0.50-9.72) in the longitudinal analysis of a subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Ideal CVH was associated with a lower risk of NAFLD while poor CVH was associated with a higher risk of NAFLD. These findings suggest that making efforts to encourage people to manage their CVH to the ideal level may prevent and manage NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Shim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jae Jung
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Up Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.413046.40000 0004 0439 4086 Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yang Z, Tian R, Zhang XJ, Cai J, She ZG, Li H. Effects of treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1120085. [PMID: 36712249 PMCID: PMC9877359 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1120085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have become the most common chronic liver disease and the main form of heart failure (HF), respectively. NAFLD is closely associated with HFpEF by sharing common risk factors and/or by boosting systemic inflammation, releasing other secretory factors, and having an expansion of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). Therefore, the treatments of NAFLD may also affect the development and prognosis of HFpEF. However, no specific drugs for NAFLD have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and some non-specific treatments for NAFLD are applied in the clinic. Currently, the treatments of NAFLD can be divided into non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments. Non-pharmacological treatments mainly include dietary intervention, weight loss by exercise, caloric restriction, and bariatric surgery. Pharmacological treatments mainly include administering statins, thiazolidinediones, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and metformin. This review will mainly focus on analyzing how these treatments may affect the development and prognosis of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruifeng Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Zhi-Gang She,
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,Hongliang Li,
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120
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Yan T, Luo Y, Yan N, Hamada K, Zhao N, Xia Y, Wang P, Zhao C, Qi D, Yang S, Sun L, Cai J, Wang Q, Jiang C, Gavrilova O, Krausz KW, Patel DP, Yu X, Wu X, Hao H, Liu W, Qu A, Gonzalez FJ. Intestinal peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α-fatty acid-binding protein 1 axis modulates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2023; 77:239-255. [PMID: 35460276 PMCID: PMC9970020 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) regulates fatty acid transport and catabolism in liver. However, the role of intestinal PPARα in lipid homeostasis is largely unknown. Here, intestinal PPARα was examined for its modulation of obesity and NASH. APPROACH AND RESULTS Intestinal PPARα was activated and fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) up-regulated in humans with obesity and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice as revealed by using human intestine specimens or HFD/high-fat, high-cholesterol, and high-fructose diet (HFCFD)-fed C57BL/6N mice and PPARA -humanized, peroxisome proliferator response element-luciferase mice. Intestine-specific Ppara or Fabp1 disruption in mice fed a HFD or HFCFD decreased obesity-associated metabolic disorders and NASH. Molecular analyses by luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in combination with fatty acid uptake assays in primary intestinal organoids revealed that intestinal PPARα induced the expression of FABP1 that in turn mediated the effects of intestinal PPARα in modulating fatty acid uptake. The PPARα antagonist GW6471 improved obesity and NASH, dependent on intestinal PPARα or FABP1. Double-knockout ( Ppara/Fabp1ΔIE ) mice demonstrated that intestinal Ppara disruption failed to further decrease obesity and NASH in the absence of intestinal FABP1. Translationally, GW6471 reduced human PPARA-driven intestinal fatty acid uptake and improved obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions in PPARA -humanized, but not Ppara -null, mice. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal PPARα signaling promotes NASH progression through regulating dietary fatty acid uptake through modulation of FABP1, which provides a compelling therapeutic target for NASH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuhong Luo
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nana Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Keisuke Hamada
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling‐Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yangliu Xia
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Changdong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, P.R. China
| | - Dan Qi
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shoumei Yang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lulu Sun
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jie Cai
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Qiong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core Laboratory, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristopher W. Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daxesh P. Patel
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaoting Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling‐Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Central Laboratory and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Central Laboratory and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Aijuan Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling‐Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Frank J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Hao J, Liu Y. Epigenetics of methylation modifications in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1119765. [PMID: 37008904 PMCID: PMC10050754 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1119765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases with complications including diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Recently, a growing body of research has revealed that the complex interplay between epigenetic changes and the environmental factors may significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications secondary to diabetes. Methylation modifications, including DNA methylation and histone methylation among others, are important in developing diabetic cardiomyopathy. Here we summarized the literatures of studies focusing on the role of DNA methylation, and histone modifications in microvascular complications of diabetes and discussed the mechanism underlying these disorders, to provide the guidance for future research toward an integrated pathophysiology and novel therapeutic strategies to treat or prevent this frequent pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hao
- Department of Emergency, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yao Liu,
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Tutunchi H, Zolrahim F, Nikbaf-Shandiz M, Naeini F, Ostadrahimi A, Naghshi S, Salek R, Najafipour F. Effects of oleoylethanolamide supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers, oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters of obese patients with NAFLD on a calorie-restricted diet: A randomized controlled trial. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1144550. [PMID: 37089938 PMCID: PMC10119414 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1144550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress is considered a major factor in the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD). A growing body of evidence indicates that oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a bioactive lipid mediator, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This trial investigated the effects of OEA administration on inflammatory markers, oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters of patients with NAFLD. Methods: The present randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 obese patients with NAFLD. The patients were treated with OEA (250 mg/day) or placebo along with a low-calorie diet for 12 weeks. Inflammatory markers and oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters were evaluated pre-and post-intervention. Results: At the end of the study, neither the between-group changes, nor the within-group differences were significant for serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis-factor α (TNF-α). Serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly increased and serum concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) significantly decreased in the OEA group compared to placebo at study endpoint (p = 0.039, 0.018, 0.003 and 0.001, respectively). Although, no significant between-group alterations were found in glutathione peroxidase and catalase. There were significant correlations between percent of changes in serum oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters with percent of changes in some anthropometric indices in the intervention group. Conclusion: OEA supplementation could improve some oxidative stress/antioxidant biomarkers without any significant effect on inflammation in NAFLD patients. Further clinical trials with longer follow-up periods are demanded to verify profitable effects of OEA in these patients. Clinical Trial Registration: www.irct.ir, Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20090609002017N32.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farideh Zolrahim
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Naghshi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Salek
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzad Najafipour
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Farzad Najafipour,
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Ran LS, Wu YZ, Gan YW, Wang HL, Wu LJ, Zheng CM, Ming Y, Xiong R, Li YL, Lei SH, Wang X, Lao XQ, Zhang HM, Wang L, Chen C, Zhao CY. Andrographolide ameliorates hepatic steatosis by suppressing FATP2-mediated fatty acid uptake in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Nat Med 2023; 77:73-86. [PMID: 36115008 PMCID: PMC9810587 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01647-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Excessive intrahepatocellular lipid accumulation or steatosis is caused by abnormal lipid metabolism and a common character of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which may progress into cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Andrographolide (Andro) is the primary active ingredient extracted from Andrographis paniculata, showing a protective role against dietary steatosis with the mechanism not fully understood. In this study, we showed that administration of Andro (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks, respectively) attenuated obesity and metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice with improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and reduced hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. HFD-fed mice presented hepatic steatosis, which was significantly prevented by Andro. In vitro, Andro decreased the intracellular lipid droplets in oleic acid-treated LO2 cells. The selected RT-PCR array revealed a robust expression suppression of the fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs) by Andro treatment. Most importantly, we found that Andro consistently reduced the expression of FATP2 in both the oleic acid-treated LO2 cells and liver tissues of HFD-fed mice. Overexpression of FATP2 abolished the lipid-lowering effect of Andro in oleic acid-treated LO2 cells. Andro treatment also reduced the fatty acid uptake in oleic acid-treated LO2 cells, which was blunted by FATP2 overexpression. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel mechanism underlying the anti-steatosis effect of Andro by suppressing FATP2-mediated fatty acid uptake, suggesting the potential therapeutic application of Andro in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Sha Ran
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya-Zeng Wu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi-Wen Gan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Lian Wang
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Juan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun-Mei Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Ming
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ran Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong-Lin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi-Hang Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Lao
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Min Zhang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, 4067, Australia.
| | - Chang-Ying Zhao
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Rojano A, Sena E, Manzano-Nuñez R, Pericàs JM, Ciudin A. NAFLD as the metabolic hallmark of obesity. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:31-41. [PMID: 36357606 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-022-03139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, associated with a high risk of progression to NASH, liver cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. Its prevalence is closely related to obesity (understood as adipose-based disease and insulin resistance), which makes that at present NAFLD can be considered a metabolic dysfunction hallmark, regardless of the body mass index. Despite being such a prevalent condition, with such severe consequences, at present there are no reliable biomarkers for its diagnosis or specific treatment. Significant and sustained weight loss, as well as some antidiabetic treatments, has shown promising results for NAFLD but data needs confirmation in larger clinical trials and longer follow-up. Efforts should be made for a better and more accurate baseline diagnosis (including large-scale genetics), identification of patients at higher risk for progression to NASH as well as adequate treatment, to allow us to offer a personalized approach in NAFLD in the context of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Rojano
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Vall d'HebronInstitut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sena
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Vall d'HebronInstitut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramiro Manzano-Nuñez
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Vall d'HebronInstitut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan M Pericàs
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Vall d'HebronInstitut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Digestivas Y Hepáticas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Andreea Ciudin
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Vall d'HebronInstitut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain.
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Jin W, Li C, Yang S, Song S, Hou W, Song Y, Du Q. Hypolipidemic effect and molecular mechanism of ginsenosides: a review based on oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1166898. [PMID: 37188264 PMCID: PMC10175615 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1166898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular and endocrine diseases. However, effective approaches for treating this common metabolic disorder remain limited. Ginseng has traditionally been used as a natural medicine for invigorating energy or "Qi" and has been demonstrated to possess antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties. A large number of studies have shown that ginsenosides, the main active ingredient of ginseng, have lipid-lowering effects. However, there remains a lack of systematic reviews detailing the molecular mechanisms by which ginsenosides reduce blood lipid levels, especially in relation to oxidative stress. For this article, research studies detailing the molecular mechanisms through which ginsenosides regulate oxidative stress and lower blood lipids in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and its related diseases (diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis) were comprehensively reviewed. The relevant papers were search on seven literature databases. According to the studies reviewed, ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Re, Rg1, Rg3, Rh2, Rh4, and F2 inhibit oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, promoting fatty acid β-oxidation and autophagy, and regulating the intestinal flora to alleviate high blood pressure and improve the body's lipid status. These effects are related to the regulation of various signaling pathways, such as those of PPARα, Nrf2, mitogen-activated protein kinases, SIRT3/FOXO3/SOD, and AMPK/SIRT1. These findings suggest that ginseng is a natural medicine with lipid-lowering effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jin
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunrun Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Shihui Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyi Song
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiwei Hou
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Song
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Song, ; Quanyu Du,
| | - Quanyu Du
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Song, ; Quanyu Du,
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126
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Zhang L, Guo GL. Gut-specific inhibition of PPARα as a novel approach of NAFLD treatment. Hepatology 2023; 77:15-17. [PMID: 35633082 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lanjing Zhang
- Department of Pathology , Princeton Medical Center , Plainsboro , New Jersey , USA
- Department of Biological Sciences , Rutgers University , Newark , New Jersey , USA
- Department of Chemical Biology , Ernst Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University , Piscataway , New Jersey , USA
| | - Grace L Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Ernst Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University , Piscataway , New Jersey , USA
- Research and Development Service, Veterans Health Administration , New Jersey Health Care System , East Orange , New Jersey , USA
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Tan Y, Kang J, Li H, Zhong A, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Huang R, Cheng X, Peng W. Diabetes mellitus induces a novel inflammatory network involving cancer progression: Insights from bioinformatic analysis and in vitro validation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1149810. [PMID: 37033970 PMCID: PMC10076825 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1149810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher incidence of malignant tumors than people without diabetes, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Methods To investigate the link between DM and cancer, we screened publicly available databases for diabetes and cancer-related genes (DCRGs) and constructed a diabetes-based cancer-associated inflammation network (DCIN). We integrated seven DCRGs into the DCIN and analyzed their role in different tumors from various perspectives. We also investigated drug sensitivity and single-cell sequencing data in colon adenocarcinoma as an example. In addition, we performed in vitro experiments to verify the expression of DCRGs and the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway. Results Seven identified DCRGs, including PPARG, MMP9, CTNNB1, TNF, TGFB1, PTGS2, and HIF1A, were integrated to construct a DCIN. The bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression of the seven DCRGs in different tumors was significantly different, which had varied effects on diverse perspectives. Single-cell sequencing analyzed in colon cancer showed that the activity of the DCRGs was highest in Macrophage and the lowest in B cells among all cell types in adenoma and carcinoma tissue. In vitro experiments showed that the DCRGs verified by western bolt and PEG2 verified by ELISA were all highly expressed in COAD epithelial cells stimulated by high glucose. Conclusion This study, for the first time, constructed a DCIN, which provides novel insights into the underlying mechanism of how DM increases tumor occurrence and development. Although further research is required, our results offer clues for new potential therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejun Tan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jin Kang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aifang Zhong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Roujie Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Weijun Peng,
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Ran LS, Wu YZ, Gan YW, Wang HL, Wu LJ, Zheng CM, Ming Y, Xiong R, Li YL, Lei SH, Wang X, Lao XQ, Zhang HM, Wang L, Chen C, Zhao CY. Andrographolide ameliorates hepatic steatosis by suppressing FATP2-mediated fatty acid uptake in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Nat Med 2023; 77:73-86. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1007/s11418-022-01647-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2024]
Abstract
Abstract
Excessive intrahepatocellular lipid accumulation or steatosis is caused by abnormal lipid metabolism and a common character of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which may progress into cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Andrographolide (Andro) is the primary active ingredient extracted from Andrographis paniculata, showing a protective role against dietary steatosis with the mechanism not fully understood. In this study, we showed that administration of Andro (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks, respectively) attenuated obesity and metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice with improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and reduced hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. HFD-fed mice presented hepatic steatosis, which was significantly prevented by Andro. In vitro, Andro decreased the intracellular lipid droplets in oleic acid-treated LO2 cells. The selected RT-PCR array revealed a robust expression suppression of the fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs) by Andro treatment. Most importantly, we found that Andro consistently reduced the expression of FATP2 in both the oleic acid-treated LO2 cells and liver tissues of HFD-fed mice. Overexpression of FATP2 abolished the lipid-lowering effect of Andro in oleic acid-treated LO2 cells. Andro treatment also reduced the fatty acid uptake in oleic acid-treated LO2 cells, which was blunted by FATP2 overexpression. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel mechanism underlying the anti-steatosis effect of Andro by suppressing FATP2-mediated fatty acid uptake, suggesting the potential therapeutic application of Andro in the treatment of NAFLD.
Graphical abstract
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129
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Afarin R, Aslani F, Asadizade S, Jaberian Asl B, Mohammadi Gahrooie M, Shakerian E, Ahangarpour A. The Effect of Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on NAFLD Treatment in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e134807. [PMID: 38116551 PMCID: PMC10728850 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-134807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are 2 common liver diseases that currently lack effective treatment options. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on NAFLD treatment in an animal model. Methods Male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce NAFLD for 7 weeks. The rats were then categorized into 3 groups: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), MSC + LPS, and fenofibrate (FENO) groups. Liver and body weight were measured, and the expression of genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, β-oxidation, and inflammatory responses was assessed. Results Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated ADSCs were more effective in regulating liver and body weight gain and reducing liver triglyceride (TG) levels compared to the other groups. Treatment with LPS-stimulated ADSCs effectively corrected liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lipid factors, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) values, better than treatment with both FENO and MSCs. ADSCs + LPS treatment significantly decreased transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and genes associated with inflammatory responses. Additionally, there was a significant reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the rats treated with ADSCs + LPS. Conclusions Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated ADSCs showed potential in alleviating NAFLD by reducing inflammatory genes and ROS levels in HFD rats, demonstrating better results than treatment with ADSCs and FENO groups alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Afarin
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Aslani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahla Asadizade
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahar Jaberian Asl
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Mohammadi Gahrooie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Shakerian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Transcriptional profiling of drug-induced liver injury biomarkers: association of hepatic Srebf1/Pparα signaling and crosstalk of thrombin, alcohol dehydrogenase, MDR and DNA damage regulators. Mol Cell Biochem 2022:10.1007/s11010-022-04648-1. [PMID: 36583794 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04648-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cell stress transcribing genes provide a diverse platform of molecular mediators that vary in response to toxicity. Common drug-induced liver injury (DILI) biomarkers are usually expressed in mild toxicity and limited to confirming it rather than categorizing its intensity. Thus, new parametric biomarkers are needed to be explored. Classifying the toxicological response based on the dose-level and severity of stimuli will aid in the evaluation and approach against drug exposure. The present research explored the involvement of gene expression of potential biomarkers as a severity-specific hallmark in different acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity levels in C57BL/6 mice. The differentially expressed genes were annotated and analyzed using bioinformatics tools to predict canonical pathways altered by DILI. The results revealed alteration in genes encoding for antioxidant enhancement; Slc7a11, bile efflux; MDR4, fatty acid metabolism and transcriptional factors namely Srebf1 and Pparα. Potential APAP toxicity biomarkers included Adh1 and thrombin, and other DNA damage and stress chaperones which were changed at least fourfold between control and the three tested severity models. The current investigation demonstrates a dose-mediated association of several hallmark genes in APAP-induced liver damage and addressed the involvement of uncommonly studied molecular responses. Such biomarkers can be further developed into predictive models, translated for risk assessment against drug exposure and guide in building theragnostic targets.
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Maciejewska-Skrendo A, Massidda M, Tocco F, Leźnicka K. The Influence of the Differentiation of Genes Encoding Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Their Coactivators on Nutrient and Energy Metabolism. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245378. [PMID: 36558537 PMCID: PMC9782515 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic components may play an important role in the regulation of nutrient and energy metabolism. In the presence of specific genetic variants, metabolic dysregulation may occur, especially in relation to the processes of digestion, assimilation, and the physiological utilization of nutrients supplied to the body, as well as the regulation of various metabolic pathways and the balance of metabolic changes, which may consequently affect the effectiveness of applied reduction diets and weight loss after training. There are many well-documented studies showing that the presence of certain polymorphic variants in some genes can be associated with specific changes in nutrient and energy metabolism, and consequently, with more or less desirable effects of applied caloric reduction and/or exercise intervention. This systematic review focused on the role of genes encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and their coactivators in nutrient and energy metabolism. The literature review prepared showed that there is a link between the presence of specific alleles described at different polymorphic points in PPAR genes and various human body characteristics that are crucial for the efficacy of nutritional and/or exercise interventions. Genetic analysis can be a valuable element that complements the work of a dietitian or trainer, allowing for the planning of a personalized diet or training that makes the best use of the innate metabolic characteristics of the person who is the subject of their interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Maciejewska-Skrendo
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Myosotis Massidda
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Sport and Exercise Sciences Degree Courses, University of Cagliari, 72-09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Filippo Tocco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Sport and Exercise Sciences Degree Courses, University of Cagliari, 72-09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Leźnicka
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
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Shi J, Qiu H, Xu Q, Ma Y, Ye T, Kuang Z, Qu N, Kan C, Hou N, Han F, Sun X. Integrated multi-omics analyses reveal effects of empagliflozin on intestinal homeostasis in high-fat-diet mice. iScience 2022; 26:105816. [PMID: 36636340 PMCID: PMC9830204 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a global epidemic, associated with several chronic complications. The intestinal microbiome is a critical regulator of metabolic homeostasis and obesity. Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, has putative anti-obesity effects. In this study, we used multi-omics analysis to determine whether empagliflozin regulates metabolism in an obese host through the intestinal microbiota. Compared with obese mice, the empagliflozin-treated mice had a higher species diversity of gut microbiota, characterized by a reduction in the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio. Metabolomic analysis unambiguously identified 1,065 small molecules with empagliflozin affecting metabolites mainly enriched in amino acid metabolism, such as tryptophan metabolism. RNA sequencing results showed that immunoglobulin A and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathways in the intestinal immune network were activated after empagliflozin treatment. This integrative analysis highlighted that empagliflozin maintains intestinal homeostasis by modulating gut microbiota diversity and tryptophan metabolism. This will inform the development of therapies for obesity based on host-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongyan Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yuting Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Tongtong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zengguang Kuang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Na Qu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ningning Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Corresponding author
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China,Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China,Corresponding author
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Feng J, Lu X, Li H, Wang S. The roles of hydrogen sulfide in renal physiology and disease states. Ren Fail 2022; 44:1289-1308. [PMID: 35930288 PMCID: PMC9359156 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2107936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gaseous signaling transmitter, has gained recognition for its physiological effects. In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss existing studies about the roles of H2S in renal functions and renal disease as well as the underlying mechanisms. H2S is mainly produced by four pathways, and the kidneys are major H2S–producing organs. Previous studies have shown that H2S can impact multiple signaling pathways via sulfhydration. In renal physiology, H2S promotes kidney excretion, regulates renin release and increases ATP production as a sensor for oxygen. H2S is also involved in the development of kidney disease. H2S has been implicated in renal ischemia/reperfusion and cisplatin–and sepsis–induced kidney disease. In chronic kidney diseases, especially diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy and obstructive kidney disease, H2S attenuates disease progression by regulating oxidative stress, inflammation and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Despite accumulating evidence from experimental studies suggesting the potential roles of H2S donors in the treatment of kidney disease, these results need further clinical translation. Therefore, expanding the understanding of H2S can not only promote our further understanding of renal physiology but also lay a foundation for transforming H2S into a target for specific kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangxue Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Fraser DA, Harrison SA, Schuppan D. Icosabutate: targeting metabolic and inflammatory pathways for the treatment of NASH. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:1269-1278. [PMID: 36527256 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2159804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Via pleiotropic targeting of membrane and nuclear fatty acid receptors regulating key metabolic and inflammatory pathways in the liver, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids could offer a unique therapeutic approach for the treatment of metabolic-inflammatory diseases such as NASH. However, they lack efficacy for the treatment of NASH, likely due to unfavorable distribution, metabolism, and susceptibility to peroxidation. AREAS COVERED Structurally engineered fatty acids (SEFAs), as exemplified by icosabutate, circumvent the inherent limitations of unmodified long-chain fatty acids, and demonstrate markedly enhanced pharmacodynamic effects without sacrificing safety and tolerability. We cover icosabutate's structural modifications, their rationale and the fatty acid receptor and pathway targeting profile. We also provide an overview of the clinical data to date, including interim data from a Phase 2b trial in NASH subjects. EXPERT OPINION Ideally, candidate drugs for NASH and associated liver fibrosis should be pleiotropic in mechanism and work upstream on multiple drivers of NASH, including lipotoxic lipid species, oxidative stress, and key modulators of inflammation, liver cell injury, and fibrosis. Icosabutate has demonstrated the ability to target these pathways in preclinical NASH models with interim data from the ICONA trial supporting, at least noninvasively, the clinical translation of highly promising pre-clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen A Harrison
- NorthSea Therapeutics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford UK
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immune Therapy, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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135
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Kim D, Jang G, Hwang J, Wei X, Kim H, Son J, Rhee SJ, Yun KH, Oh SK, Oh CM, Park R. Combined Therapy of Low-Dose Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Rodent Model with Minimal Adverse Effects. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122629. [PMID: 36559124 PMCID: PMC9788442 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer-therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) is a critical issue in clinical practice, there is a glaring lack of evidence regarding cardiotoxicity management. To determine an effective and suitable dosage of treatment using angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI) with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), we adopted a clinically relevant rodent model with doxorubicin, which would mimic cardiac dysfunction in CTRCD patients. After the oral administration of drugs (vehicle, SGLT2i, ARNI, Low-ARNI/SGLT2i, ARNI/SGLT2i), several physiologic parameters, including hemodynamic change, cardiac function, and histopathology, were evaluated. Bulk RNA-sequencing was performed to obtain insights into the molecular basis of a mouse heart response to Low-ARNI/SGLT2i treatment. For the first time, we report that the addition of low-dose ARNI with SGLT2i resulted in greater benefits than ARNI, SGLT2i alone or ARNI/SGLT2i combination in survival rate, cardiac function, hemodynamic change, and kidney function against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway. Low-dose ARNI with SGLT2i combination treatment would be practically beneficial for improving cardiac functions against doxorubicin-induced heart failure with minimal adverse effects. Our findings suggest the Low-ARNI/SGLT2i combination as a feasible novel strategy in managing CTRCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuho Jang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaetaek Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaofan Wei
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbae Son
- CNCure Biotech, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jae Rhee
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Ho Yun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Kyu Oh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Myung Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Raekil Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-715-5361; Fax: +82-62-715-3244
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Discovery of PPARγ and glucocorticoid receptor dual agonists to promote the adiponectin and leptin biosynthesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 245:114927. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhang Q, Peng J, Huang A, Zheng S, Shi X, Li B, Huang W, Tan W, Wang X, Wu K. Associations between polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) levels in adipose tissues and blood lipids in women of Shantou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114096. [PMID: 35973458 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Animal studies have indicated that exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) during development can permanently affect blood/liver lipid balance. However, no epidemiological study has assessed the relationship between PBDEs in adipose tissues and blood lipid metabolism. In this study, we explored the associations between PBDEs levels in female adipose tissues and lipid profiles. We recruited 150 female patients undergoing plastic surgery from hospital in Shantou, China, collected their characteristics, clinical information, and adipose tissue samples. Fourteen PBDE congeners in adipose tissues were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to explore the relationships between PBDEs and lipid profiles, while restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were used to evaluate the nonlinearity of mixtures. Median levels of ΣPBDEs and dominant congeners BDE-153, -209, and -183 in adipose tissues were 73.91, 26.12, 14.10 and 9.01 ng/g lipid, respectively. In the multiple linear model, BDE-153 and BDE-209 were negatively associated with triglycerides (TG), similarly for BDE-190 and total cholesterol (TC). While in the adjusted logistic models, BDE-138 was negatively associated with TC (OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.58, 0.99) and total lipids (TL) (OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.58, 0.99). Diastolic blood pressure was positively correlated with BDE-28 and BDE-71 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a non-linear relationship was observed in BDE-138 and blood lipid levels using a RCS model (Pnonlinearity<0.05). BKMR analysis indicated that with the cumulative levels across PBDEs increased, the health risks of hypertriglyceridemia gradually rebounded, and the health risks of hypercholesterolemia and high total lipid gradually rebounded and then declined, but without statistical significance. PBDEs pollution was still prevalent in Shantou city, and several PBDE congeners were significant risk factors for dyslipidemia and blood pressure alteration. There exist deleterious effects of PBDEs and blood lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiajun Peng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Anyan Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Shi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Boyu Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
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Song J, Baek IJ, Park S, Oh J, Kim D, Song K, Kim MK, Lee HW, Jang BK, Jin EJ. Deficiency of peroxisomal NUDT7 stimulates de novo lipogenesis in hepatocytes. iScience 2022; 25:105135. [PMID: 36185359 PMCID: PMC9523354 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsoo Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Omics Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jeoung Baek
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinjoo Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Deokha Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Institute for Medical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Pathology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Byoung Kuk Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Institute for Medical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Jin
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Omics Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author
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Miao L, Xu J, Targher G, Byrne CD, Zheng MH. Old and new classes of glucose-lowering agents as treatments for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A narrative review. Clin Mol Hepatol 2022; 28:725-738. [PMID: 35286799 PMCID: PMC9597221 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2022.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease with a global prevalence of about 55% in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM, obesity and NAFLD are three closely inter-related pathological conditions. In addition, T2DM is one of the strongest clinical risk factors for the faster progression of NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Increasing evidence suggests that newer classes of glucose-lowering drugs, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, could reduce the rates of NAFLD progression. This narrative review aims to briefly summarize the recent results from randomized controlled trials testing the efficacy and safety of old and new glucose-lowering drugs for the treatment of NAFLD or NASH in adults both with and without coexisting T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China,Corresponding author : Ming-Hua Zheng NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou 325000, China Tel: +86-577-55579611, Fax: +86-577-55578522, E-mail:
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140
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Torularhodin Alleviates Hepatic Dyslipidemia and Inflammations in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice via PPARα Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196398. [PMID: 36234935 PMCID: PMC9572851 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Torularhodin is a β-carotene-like compound from Sporidiobolus pararoseus, and its protective effect against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic dyslipidemia and inflammation was investigated. Compared to mice of C57BL/6J fed on HFD, the addition of Torularhodin into the HFD (HFD-T) significantly reduced body weight, serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and the inflammatory mediators of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A significant increase of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), which is beneficial to cholesterol clearance, was also observed in HFD-T group. Proteomic analysis showed HDL-C-c is highly correlated with proteins (e.g., CPT1A and CYP7A1) involved in lipid β-oxidation and bile acid synthesis, whereas the other phenotypic parameters (TC, TG, LDL, and inflammatory cytokines) are highly associated with proteins (e.g., SLC27A4) involved in lipid-uptake. The up-regulated anti-inflammation proteins FAS, BAX, ICAM1, OCLN, GSTP1, FAF1, LRP1, APEX1, ROCK1, MANF, STAT3, and INSR and down-regulated pro-inflammatory proteins OPTN, PTK2B, FADD, MIF, CASP3, YAP1, DNM1L, and NAMPT not only demonstrate the occurrence of HFD-induced hepatic inflammation, but also prove the anti-inflammatory property of Torularhodin. KEGG signaling pathway analysis revealed that the PPARα signaling pathway is likely fundamental to the health function of Torularhodin through up-regulating genes related to fatty acid β-oxidation, cholesterol excretion, HDL-Cc formation, and anti-inflammation. Torularhodin, as a new food resource, may act as a therapeutic agent to prevent hepatic dyslipidemia and related inflammation for improved health.
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141
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Shahbodi M, Emami SA, Javadi B, Tayarani-Najaran Z. Effects of Thymoquinone on Adipocyte Differentiation in Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022; 80:771-779. [PMID: 36074244 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of adipocyte differentiation would be a key strategy to control obesity. Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a promising tool for adipocyte differentiation research. Thymoquinone (TQ) as a potent antioxidant molecule may inhibit adipocyte differentiation. Herein, we aim to investigate the inhibitory effect of TQ on lipid differentiation in ADSCs. Quantification of cell surface markers was used by Flow-Cytometry and the effect of TQ on cell viability was assessed using the AlamarBlue test. ADSCs were subjected to induction of differentiation in the presence of non-cytotoxic concentrations of TQ (6.25, 12.5 and 25 μg/mL). Lipid accumulation was assessed using the Oil-Red O staining technique. Moreover, the expression of PPARγ (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ) and FAS (Fatty Acid Synthetase) proteins was evaluated using Western blotting. Flow-cytometry demonstrated the expression of CD44, CD90, and CD73 as mesenchymal stem cell markers on the cell surface. At concentrations ≤100 μg/mL of TQ, no significant difference in cell viability was observed compared to the control. Lipid accumulation in ADSCs significantly decreased at 25 μg/mL (P < 0.001) and 12.5 μg/mL (P < 0.01) of TQ. The findings of the qualitative examination of Lipid Droplets also confirmed these results. Western-blot showed that TQ at 12.5 (p < 0.05) and 25 μg/mL (p < 0.01) reduced FAS/β-actin ratio compared to the positive group. TQ also decreased the expression of PPARγ at 6.25 μg/mL but not at higher concentrations. In conclusion, TQ may reduce differentiation of fat stem cells into fat cells through inhibition of the expression of PPARγ and FAS proteins and might be a potential anti-obesity compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Shahbodi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Square, Pardis University Campus, P.O. Box: 9188617871, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Behjat Javadi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Square, Pardis University Campus, P.O. Box: 9188617871, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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142
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Li Y, Li Y, Chen N, Feng L, Gao J, Zeng N, He Z, Gong Q. Icariside II Exerts Anti-Type 2 Diabetic Effect by Targeting PPARα/γ: Involvement of ROS/NF-κB/IRS1 Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091705. [PMID: 36139776 PMCID: PMC9495514 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multisystem and complex metabolic disorder which is associated with insulin resistance and impairments of pancreatic β-cells. Previous studies have shown that icariside II (ICS II), one of the main active ingredients of Herba Epimedii, exerts potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. In this study, we investigated whether ICS II exerted anti-T2DM profile and further explored its possible underlying mechanism both in vivo and in vitro. db/db mice were administered ICS II (10, 20, 40 mg·kg−1) for 7 weeks. We found that ICS II dose-dependently attenuated hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, as well as inhibited hepatic steatosis and islet architecture damage in db/db mice. Moreover, ICS II not only dramatically reduced inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, but also up-regulated PPARα/γ protein expressions, phosphorylation of Akt, GSK3β and IR, meanwhile, down-regulated phosphorylation of NF-κB(p65) and IRS1 in db/db mice. In palmitic acid (PA)-treated HepG2 or MIN6 cells, ICS II (5−20 μM) concentration-dependently promoted the cell viability via mediating PPARα/γ/NF-κB signaling pathway. PPARα/γ knockout by CRISPR-Cas9 system partly abolished the protective effects of ICS II on HepG2 or MIN6 cells following PA insults. These findings reveal that ICS II effectively confer anti-T2DM property by targeting PPARα/γ through mediation of ROS/NF-κB/IRS1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yeli Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Nana Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Linying Feng
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jianmei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Nan Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zhixu He
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qihai Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-851-286-423-03
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143
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Zhu Y, Wei YL, Karras I, Cai PJ, Xiao YH, Jia CL, Qian XL, Zhu SY, Zheng LJ, Hu X, Sun AD. Modulation of the gut microbiota and lipidomic profiles by black chokeberry ( Aronia melanocarpa L.) polyphenols via the glycerophospholipid metabolism signaling pathway. Front Nutr 2022; 9:913729. [PMID: 35990329 PMCID: PMC9387202 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.913729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) is rich in polyphenols with various physiological and pharmacological activities. However, the relationship between the modulation effect of black chokeberry polyphenols on obesity and the alteration of lipid metabolism is not clearly understood. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of the black chokeberry polyphenols (BCPs) treatment on the structure of gut microbiota, lipid metabolism, and associated mechanisms in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Here, we found that a high-fat diet promoted body weight gain and lipid accumulation in rats, while oral BCPs supplementation reduced body weight, liver, and white adipose tissue weight and alleviated dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis in HFD-induced obese rats. In addition, BCPs supplementation prevented gut microbiota dysbiosis by increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Prevotella, Romboutsia, and Akkermansia and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio and Clostridium. Furthermore, 64 lipids were identified as potential lipid biomarkers through lipidomics analysis after BCPs supplementation, especially PE (16:0/22:6), PE (18:0/22:6), PC (20:3/19:0), LysoPE (24:0), LysoPE (24:1), and LysoPC (20:0). Moreover, our studies provided new evidence that composition of gut microbiota was closely related to the alteration of lipid profiles after BCPs supplementation. Additionally, BCPs treatment could ameliorate the disorder of lipid metabolism by regulating the mRNA and protein expression of genes related to the glycerophospholipid metabolism signaling pathway in HFD-induced obese rats. The mRNA and protein expression of PPARα, CPT1α, EPT1, and LCAT were significantly altered after BCPs treatment. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that BCPs treatment alleviated HFD-induced obesity by modulating the composition and function of gut microbiota and improving the lipid metabolism disorder via the glycerophospholipid metabolism signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Long Wei
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ioanna Karras
- College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Peng-Ju Cai
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Hang Xiao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Li Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Qian
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Yu Zhu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Jie Zheng
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Hu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Dong Sun
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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144
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Przybycień P, Gąsior-Perczak D, Placha W. Cannabinoids and PPAR Ligands: The Future in Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women with Obesity and Reduced Fertility. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162569. [PMID: 36010645 PMCID: PMC9406585 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids (CBs) are used to treat chronic pain, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and multiple sclerosis spasticity. Recently, the medicinal use of CBs has attracted increasing interest as a new therapeutic in many diseases. Data indicate a correlation between CBs and PPARs via diverse mechanisms. Both the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) may play a significant role in PCOS and PCOS related disorders, especially in disturbances of glucose-lipid metabolism as well as in obesity and fertility. Taking into consideration the ubiquity of PCOS in the human population, it seems indispensable to search for new potential therapeutic targets for this condition. The aim of this review is to examine the relationship between metabolic disturbances and obesity in PCOS pathology. We discuss current and future therapeutic interventions for PCOS and related disorders, with emphasis on the metabolic pathways related to PCOS pathophysiology. The link between the ECS and PPARs is a promising new target for PCOS, and we examine this relationship in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Przybycień
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
- Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Danuta Gąsior-Perczak
- Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Wojciech Placha
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-422-74-00
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145
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Hepatocyte-Secreted Autotaxin Exacerbates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Through Autocrine Inhibition of the PPARα/FGF21 Axis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:1003-1023. [PMID: 35931383 PMCID: PMC9490100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has reached epidemic proportions globally as a result of the rapid increase in obesity. However, there is no Food and Drug Administration-approved pharmacotherapy available for NAFLD. This study investigated the role of autotaxin, a secreted enzyme that hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine to produce lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and to explore whether genetic or pharmacologic interventions targeting autotaxin ameliorate NAFLD. METHODS The clinical association of autotaxin with the severity of NAFLD was analyzed in 125 liver biopsy-proven NAFLD patients. C57BL/6N mice or fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21)-null mice were fed a high-fat diet or a choline-deficient diet to investigate the role of the autotaxin-FGF21 axis in NAFLD development by hepatic knockdown and antibody neutralization. Huh7 cells were used to investigate the autocrine effects of autotaxin. RESULTS Serum autotaxin levels were associated positively with histologic scores and NAFLD severity. Hepatocytes, but not adipocytes, were the major contributor to increased circulating autotaxin in both patients and mouse models with NAFLD. In mice, knocking-down hepatic autotaxin or treatment with a neutralizing antibody against autotaxin significantly reduced high-fat diet-induced NAFLD and high fat- and choline-deficient diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis, accompanied by a marked increase of serum FGF21. Mechanistically, autotaxin inhibited the transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α through LPA-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinas, thereby leading to suppression of hepatic FGF21 production. The therapeutic benefit of anti-autotaxin neutralizing antibody against NAFLD was abrogated in FGF21-null mice. CONCLUSIONS Liver-secreted autotaxin acts in an autocrine manner to exacerbate NAFLD through LPA-induced suppression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α-FGF21 axis and is a promising therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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146
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Zhang Q, Feng W, Wang Q, Wang J, Chai L, Chen Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Li M, Xie X. PPARγ activation inhibits PDGF-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration by modulating TERT. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113233. [PMID: 35689861 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is a significant feature of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), and is characterized by abnormal proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), as a determining factor for controlling telomerase activity, has been proven to be associated with cell proliferation. This study aims to explore whether TERT mediates the proliferation and migration of PASMCs and the underlying molecular mechanism. Primary PASMCs from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used in this experiment. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU incorporation assay and transwell assay, respectively. Telomerase activity was assessed with a rat TE ELISA kit. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was conducted to silence c-MYC expression. The protein levels of p-Akt, c-MYC, PPARγ and TERT were determined through western blotting. Our work demonstrates that PDGF upregulated TERT expression and telomerase activation by activating Akt and upregulating of c-MYC in PASMCs. Inhibition of Akt with LY294002, knockdown of c-MYC by siRNA or suppression of telomerase activity with BIBR1532 repressed PDGF-induced PASMC proliferation and migration. Furthermore, activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) with pioglitazone suppressed PDGF-induced TERT expression and telomerase activation, leading to inhibition of PASMC proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingting Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Chai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqian Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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147
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Quarta C, Stemmer K, Novikoff A, Yang B, Klingelhuber F, Harger A, Bakhti M, Bastidas-Ponce A, Baugé E, Campbell JE, Capozzi M, Clemmensen C, Collden G, Cota P, Douros J, Drucker DJ, DuBois B, Feuchtinger A, Garcia-Caceres C, Grandl G, Hennuyer N, Herzig S, Hofmann SM, Knerr PJ, Kulaj K, Lalloyer F, Lickert H, Liskiewicz A, Liskiewicz D, Maity G, Perez-Tilve D, Prakash S, Sanchez-Garrido MA, Zhang Q, Staels B, Krahmer N, DiMarchi RD, Tschöp MH, Finan B, Müller TD. GLP-1-mediated delivery of tesaglitazar improves obesity and glucose metabolism in male mice. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1071-1083. [PMID: 35995995 PMCID: PMC9398908 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00617-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dual agonists activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma (PPARɑ/ɣ) have beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes, but their development was discontinued due to potential adverse effects. Here we report the design and preclinical evaluation of a molecule that covalently links the PPARɑ/ɣ dual-agonist tesaglitazar to a GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) to allow for GLP-1R-dependent cellular delivery of tesaglitazar. GLP-1RA/tesaglitazar does not differ from the pharmacokinetically matched GLP-1RA in GLP-1R signalling, but shows GLP-1R-dependent PPARɣ-retinoic acid receptor heterodimerization and enhanced improvements of body weight, food intake and glucose metabolism relative to the GLP-1RA or tesaglitazar alone in obese male mice. The conjugate fails to affect body weight and glucose metabolism in GLP-1R knockout mice and shows preserved effects in obese mice at subthreshold doses for the GLP-1RA and tesaglitazar. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based proteomics identified PPAR regulated proteins in the hypothalamus that are acutely upregulated by GLP-1RA/tesaglitazar. Our data show that GLP-1RA/tesaglitazar improves glucose control with superior efficacy to the GLP-1RA or tesaglitazar alone and suggest that this conjugate might hold therapeutic value to acutely treat hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Quarta
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Bordeaux, France
| | - Kerstin Stemmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Theoretical Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Aaron Novikoff
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technical University of München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bin Yang
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Felix Klingelhuber
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alex Harger
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mostafa Bakhti
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aimee Bastidas-Ponce
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eric Baugé
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute of Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Genomics, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jonathan E Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Megan Capozzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christoffer Clemmensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gustav Collden
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Perla Cota
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jon Douros
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel J Drucker
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Barent DuBois
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cristina Garcia-Caceres
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerald Grandl
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Hennuyer
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute of Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Genomics, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Stephan Herzig
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanna M Hofmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University of München, Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick J Knerr
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Konxhe Kulaj
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fanny Lalloyer
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute of Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Genomics, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Heiko Lickert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arek Liskiewicz
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Liskiewicz
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gandhari Maity
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Diego Perez-Tilve
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sneha Prakash
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Miguel A Sanchez-Garrido
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bart Staels
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute of Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Genomics, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias H Tschöp
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technical University of München, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Brian Finan
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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148
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The Circadian Regulation of Nutrient Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153136. [PMID: 35956312 PMCID: PMC9370226 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and other metabolic diseases are major public health issues that are particularly prevalent in industrialized societies where circadian rhythmicity is disturbed by shift work, jet lag, and/or social obligations. In mammals, daylight entrains the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) to a ≈24 h cycle by initiating a transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) of molecular clock genes. The downstream impacts of the TTFL on clock-controlled genes allow the SCN to set the rhythm for the majority of physiological, metabolic, and behavioral processes. The TTFL, however, is ubiquitous and oscillates in tissues throughout the body. Tissues outside of the SCN are entrained to other signals, such as fed/fasting state, rather than light input. This system requires a considerable amount of biological flexibility as it functions to maintain homeostasis across varying conditions contained within a 24 h day. In the face of either circadian disruption (e.g., jet lag and shift work) or an obesity-induced decrease in metabolic flexibility, this finely tuned mechanism breaks down. Indeed, both human and rodent studies have found that obesity and metabolic disease develop when endogenous circadian pacing is at odds with the external cues. In the following review, we will delve into what is known on the circadian rhythmicity of nutrient metabolism and discuss obesity as a circadian disease.
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149
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Li XY, Ji PX, Ni XX, Chen YX, Sheng L, Lian M, Guo CJ, Hua J. Regulation of PPAR-γ activity in lipid-laden hepatocytes affects macrophage polarization and inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1365-1381. [PMID: 36158922 PMCID: PMC9376780 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i7.1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid metabolism disorder and inflammatory-immune activation are vital triggers in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Various studies have shown that PPAR-γ exerts potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. However, little is known about the regulation of PPAR-γ activity in modulating cell crosstalk in NAFLD.
AIM To investigate whether the regulation of PPAR-γ activity in lipid-laden hepatocytes affects macrophage polarization and inflammation.
METHODS Primary hepatocytes were isolated from wild-type C57BL6/J mice or hepatocyte-specific PPAR-γ knockout mice and incubated with free fatty acids (FFAs). Macrophages were incubated with conditioned medium (CM) from lipid-laden hepatocytes with or without a PPAR-γ agonist. Wild-type C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet and administered rosiglitazone.
RESULTS Primary hepatocytes exhibited significant lipid deposition and increased ROS production after incubation with FFAs. CM from lipid-laden hepatocytes promoted macrophage polarization to the M1 type and activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. A PPAR-γ agonist ameliorated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in lipid-laden hepatocytes and subsequently prevented M1 macrophage polarization. Hepatocyte-specific PPAR-γ deficiency aggravated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in lipid-laden hepatocytes, which further promoted M1 macrophage polarization. Rosiglitazone administration improved oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in HF diet-induced NAFLD mice in vivo.
CONCLUSION Upregulation of PPAR-γ activity in hepatocytes alleviated NAFLD by modulating the crosstalk between hepatocytes and macrophages via the reactive oxygen species-NLRP3-IL-1β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases (Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine), Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Pei-Xuan Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases (Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine), Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xi-Xi Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases (Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine), Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases (Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine), Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Li Sheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases (Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine), Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Min Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases (Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine), Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Can-Jie Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases (Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine), Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jing Hua
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases (Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine), Shanghai 200127, China
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150
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Hwang SM, Kim YU, Kim JK, Chun YS, Kwon YS, Ku SK, Song CH. Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Krill Oil on Obesity and Obesity-Induced Metabolic Syndromes in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20080483. [PMID: 36005486 PMCID: PMC9410137 DOI: 10.3390/md20080483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity increases the risks of metabolic syndromes including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetic dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease. Dietary krill oil (KO) has shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, thereby being a therapeutic potential for obesity-induced metabolic syndromes. Thus, the effects of KO on lipid metabolic alteration were examined in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice model. The HFD model (n = 10 per group) received an oral gavage with distilled water as a control, metformin at 250 mg/kg, and KO at 400, 200, and 100 mg/kg for 12 weeks. The HFD-induced weight gain and fat deposition were significantly reduced in the KO treatments compared with the control. Blood levels were lower in parameters for NAFLD (e.g., alanine aminotransferase, and triglyceride), type 2 diabetes (e.g., glucose and insulin), and renal dysfunction (e.g., blood urea nitrogen and creatinine) by the KO treatments. The KO inhibited lipid synthesis through the modification of gene expressions in the liver and adipose tissues and adipokine-mediated pathways. Furthermore, KO showed hepatic antioxidant activities and glucose lowering effects. Histopathological analyses revealed that the KO ameliorated the hepatic steatosis, pancreatic endocrine/exocrine alteration, adipose tissue hypertrophy, and renal steatosis. These analyses suggest that KO may be promising for inhibiting obesity and metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Min Hwang
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-M.H.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Yeong Uk Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Korea;
| | - Jong-Kyu Kim
- AriBnC Co., Ltd., Yongin 16914, Korea; (J.-K.K.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Yoon-Seok Chun
- AriBnC Co., Ltd., Yongin 16914, Korea; (J.-K.K.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Young-Sam Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-M.H.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-K.K.); (C.-H.S.); Tel.: +82-53-819-1549 (S.-K.K.); +82-53-819-1822 (C.-H.S.)
| | - Chang-Hyun Song
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-K.K.); (C.-H.S.); Tel.: +82-53-819-1549 (S.-K.K.); +82-53-819-1822 (C.-H.S.)
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