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Nichols HB, Anderson C, White AJ, Milne GL, Sandler DP. Oxidative Stress and Breast Cancer Risk in Premenopausal Women. Epidemiology 2017; 28:667-674. [PMID: 28520645 PMCID: PMC5580344 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detrimental effects of oxidative stress are widely recognized, but induction of apoptosis and senescence may also have benefits for cancer prevention. Recent studies suggest oxidative stress may be associated with lower breast cancer risk before menopause. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study (N = 457 cases, 910 controls) within the NIEHS Sister Study cohort of 50,884 women. Premenopausal women ages 35-54 were eligible for selection. We matched controls 2:1 to cases on age and enrollment year and were breast cancer-free at the time of the corresponding case's diagnosis. Oxidative stress was measured by urinary F2-isoprostane and metabolite (15-F2t-isoprostane-M) concentrations. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with multivariable conditional logistic regression. RESULTS After multivariable adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and other potential confounders, the OR for breast cancer comparing the >90th (≥2.94 ng/mgCr) to <25th percentile (1.01 ng/mgCr) was 1.1 (CI: 0.65, 1.7) for F2-isoprostane and 0.70 (CI: 0.43, 1.1) for the metabolite. Higher metabolite concentrations were associated with lower breast cancer risk among women who were also premenopausal (353 cases, OR: 0.59, CI: 0.34, 1.0) or <46 years (82 cases, OR: 0.15, CI: 0.06, 0.42) at diagnosis. ORs for the metabolite and breast cancer were inverse among women with BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m (OR: 0.47, CI: 0.18, 1.2, 208 cases) and >30 kg/m (OR: 0.71, CI: 0.30, 1.7, 107 cases), but not among women with BMI 25-29.9 kg/m (OR: 0.98, CI: 0.39, 2.5, 138 cases). CONCLUSIONS Together with other studies, our results support a possible inverse association between oxidative stress and premenopausal breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel B. Nichols
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health
| | - Chelsea Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health
| | - Alexandra J. White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC
| | | | - Dale P. Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC
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Abstract
Integrative oncology helps support the health of patients with cancer and their caregivers through an evidence-informed approach to lifestyle and behavior modification and the use of complementary health therapies as part of conventional cancer care. Integrative approaches can provide patients relief from cancer and cancer treatment-related symptoms, leading to improvements in their physical and psychosocial health. An evidence-informed approach is important when recommending an integrative cancer plan. Efforts at enhancing communication between patients and health care providers, as well as between integrative practitioners and conventional health care teams, are critical to achieving optimal health and healing for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Lopez
- Section of Integrative Medicine, Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1414, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Jun J Mao
- Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1429 First Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lorenzo Cohen
- Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Program, Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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103
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Phytotherapy and Nutritional Supplements on Breast Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7207983. [PMID: 28845434 PMCID: PMC5563402 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7207983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent type of nonskin malignancy among women worldwide. In general, conventional cancer treatment options (i.e., surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, biological therapy, and hormone therapy) are not completely effective. Recurrence and other pathologic situations are still an issue in breast cancer patients due to side effects, toxicity of drugs in normal cells, and aggressive behaviour of the tumours. From this point of view, breast cancer therapy and adjuvant methods represent a promising and challenging field for researchers. In the last few years, the use of some types of complementary medicines by women with a history of breast cancer has significantly increased such as phytotherapeutic products and nutritional supplements. Despite this, the use of such approaches in oncologic processes may be problematic and patient's health risks can arise such as interference with the efficacy of standard cancer treatment. The present review gives an overview of the most usual phytotherapeutic products and nutritional supplements with application in breast cancer patients as adjuvant approach. Regardless of the contradictory results of scientific evidence, we demonstrated the need to perform additional investigation, mainly well-designed clinical trials in order to establish correlations and allow for further validated outcomes concerning the efficacy, safety, and clinical evidence-based recommendation of these products.
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Jain A, Sharma G, Kushwah V, Garg NK, Kesharwani P, Ghoshal G, Singh B, Shivhare US, Jain S, Katare OP. Methotrexate and beta-carotene loaded-lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles: a preclinical study for breast cancer. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:1851-1872. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This work was intended to investigate the targeting potential of fructose-tethered lipid-polymeric hybrid nanoparticles (F-BC-MTX-LPHNPs) co-loaded with beta carotene (BC) and methotrexate (MTX) in breast cancer therapeutics and find out the possible protective role of BC on MTX-induced toxicity. Materials & methods: F-BC-MTX-LPHNPs were fabricated using self-assembled nano-precipitation technique. Fructose was conjugated on the surface of the particles. The in vitro cytotoxicity, sub-cellular localization and apoptotic activity of F-BC-MTX-LPHNPs were evaluated against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The antitumor potential of F-BC-MTX-LPHNPs was further studied. Results & conclusion: Outcomes suggested that F-BC-MTX-LPHNPs induced the highest apoptosis index (0.89) against MCF-7 cells. Following 30 days of treatment, the residual tumor progression was assessed to be approximately 32%, in animals treated with F-BC-MTX-LPHNPs. F-BC-MTX-LPHNPs are competent to selectively convey the chemotherapeutic agent to the breast cancers. Beta carotene ameliorated MTX-induced hepatic and renal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashay Jain
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Gajanand Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Varun Kushwah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Neeraj K Garg
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, The International Medical University (IMU), Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Gargi Ghoshal
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Uma Shankar Shivhare
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Om Prakash Katare
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
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105
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Borse V, Al Aameri RFH, Sheehan K, Sheth S, Kaur T, Mukherjea D, Tupal S, Lowy M, Ghosh S, Dhukhwa A, Bhatta P, Rybak LP, Ramkumar V. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, a prototypic chemopreventative agent for protection against cisplatin-based ototoxicity. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2921. [PMID: 28703809 PMCID: PMC5550861 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is one of the major factors limiting cisplatin chemotherapy. Ototoxicity results from damage to outer hair cells (OHCs) and other regions of the cochlea. At the cellular level, cisplatin increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to cochlear inflammation and apoptosis. Thus, ideal otoprotective drugs should target oxidative stress and inflammatory mechanisms without interfering with cisplatin's chemotherapeutic efficacy. In this study, we show that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a prototypic agent exhibiting these properties of an effect otoprotective agent. Rats administered oral EGCG demonstrate reduced cisplatin-induced hearing loss, reduced loss of OHCs in the basal region of the cochlea and reduced oxidative stress and apoptotic markers. EGCG also protected against the loss of ribbon synapses associated with inner hair cells and Na+/K+ ATPase α1 in the stria vascularis and spiral ligament. In vitro studies showed that EGCG reduced cisplatin-induced ROS generation and ERK1/2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1) activity, but preserved the activity of STAT3 and Bcl-xL. The increase in STAT3/STAT1 ratio appears critical for mediating its otoprotection. EGCG did not alter cisplatin-induced apoptosis of human-derived cancer cells or cisplatin antitumor efficacy in a xenograft tumor model in mice because of its inability to rescue the downregulation of STAT3 in these cells. These data suggest that EGCG is an ideal otoprotective agent for treating cisplatin-induced hearing loss without compromising its antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Borse
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA
| | - Raheem F H Al Aameri
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA
| | - Kelly Sheehan
- Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA
| | - Sandeep Sheth
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA
| | - Tejbeer Kaur
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Debashree Mukherjea
- Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA
| | - Srinivasan Tupal
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA
| | - Michelle Lowy
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA
| | - Sumana Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA
| | - Asmita Dhukhwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA
| | - Puspanjali Bhatta
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA
| | - Leonard P Rybak
- Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA
| | - Vickram Ramkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA
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Jung S, Sehouli J, Chekerov R, Kluschke F, Patzelt A, Fuss H, Knorr F, Lademann J. Prevention of palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia in patients treated with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Caelyx®). Support Care Cancer 2017; 25:3545-3549. [PMID: 28653108 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-017-3781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE) is one of the most frequent side effects during systemic treatment with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD, Caelyx®). PPE lesions show a range of symptoms, from numbness to painful erosions, and can have a major impact on the quality of life in affected patients. Previously, a possible pathomechanism of PPE was found in doxorubicin-treated patients based on radical formation in the skin. Here, a preventive strategy using a topically applied ointment with a high radical protection factor was investigated. METHODS In this randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study the antioxidant-containing ointment was compared with a placebo ointment regarding PPE grade III occurrence, overall PPE grade I-III occurrence and PPE severity in PLD patients. The verum or placebo cream was topically applied for a period of 16 weeks, starting 3 days prior to the first cycle of chemotherapy. Clinical evaluations were carried out by a dermatologist prior to the first cycle of chemotherapy and every 4 weeks for the duration of 16 weeks. RESULTS Thirty-two patients were enrolled in total, of which 17 (66%) completed the study. No PPE grade III was found in the verum group, while five out of seven patients (71%) had to be unblinded in the placebo arm due to PPE grade III (p = 0.003). General PPE occurrence of all grades was 60% under verum and 86% under placebo treatment. CONCLUSIONS The preventive application of an antioxidant-containing ointment was shown to be significantly more effective in the prevention of PPE grade III compared to placebo treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - J Sehouli
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Chekerov
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Kluschke
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Patzelt
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Fuss
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Helios Klinikum Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - F Knorr
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Lademann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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107
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Khattab HAH, Abdallah IZA, Yousef FM, Huwait EA. EFFICIENCY OF BORAGE SEEDS OIL AGAINST GAMMA IRRADIATION-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN MALE RATS: POSSIBLE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2017. [PMID: 28638880 PMCID: PMC5471464 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i4.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Borage (Borago officinal L.) is an annual herbaceous plant of great interest because its oil contains a high percentage of γ-linolenic acid (GLA). The present work was carried out to detect fatty acids composition of the oil extracted from borage seeds (BO) and its potential effectiveness against γ-irradiation- induced hepatotoxicity in male rats. Materials and Methods: GC-MS analysis of fatty acids methyl esters of BO was performed to identify fatty acids composition. Sixty rats were divided into five groups (12 rats each): Control, irradiated; rats were exposed to (6.5 Gy) of whole body γ-radiation, BO (50 mg/kg b.wt), irradiated BO post-treated and irradiated BO prepost-treated. Six rats from each group were sacrificed at two time intervals 7 and 15 days post-irradiation. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels, lipids profile, as well as serum and hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxide (malondialdehyde) (MDA) levels were assessed. Histopathological examination of liver sections were also carried out. Results: The results showed that the high contents of BO extracted by cold pressing, were linoleic acid (34.23%) and GLA (24.79%). Also, oral administration of BO significantly improved serum levels of liver enzymes, lipids profile, as well as serum and hepatic GSH and MDA levels (p<0.001) as compared with irradiated rats after 15 days post irradiation. Moreover, it exerted marked amelioration against irradiation-induced histopathological changes in liver tissues. The improvement was more pronounced in irradiated BO prepost-treated group than irradiated BO post-treated. Conclusion: BO has a beneficial role in reducing hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by radiation exposure. Therefore, BO may be used as a beneficial supplement for patients during radiotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala A H Khattab
- Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Home Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Egypt
| | - Inas Z A Abdallah
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Egypt
| | - Fatimah M Yousef
- Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Home Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Etimad A Huwait
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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108
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Panchuk RR, Skorokhyd NR, Kozak YS, Lehka LV, Chumak VV, Omelyanchik SN, Gurinovich VA, Moiseenok AG, Stoika RS. Antioxidants selenomethionine and D-pantethine decrease the negative side effects of doxorubicin in NL/Ly lymphoma-bearing mice. Croat Med J 2017; 57:180-92. [PMID: 27106359 PMCID: PMC4856192 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2016.57.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate the potential tissue-protective effects of antioxidants selenomethionine and D-pantethine applied together with doxorubicin (Dx) on NK/Ly lymphoma-bearing mice. The impact of this chemotherapy scheme on animal survival, blood cell profile, hepatotoxicity, glutathione level, and activity of glutathione-converting enzymes in the liver was compared with the action of Dx applied alone. Methods The hematological profile of animals was studied by the analysis of blood smears under light microscopy. Hepatotoxicity of studied drugs was evaluated measuring the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes, De Ritis ratio, and coenzyme A fractions by McDougal assay. Glutathione level in animal tissues was measured with Ellman reagent, and the activity of glutathione reductase, transferase, and peroxidase was measured using standard biochemical assays. Results D-pantethine (500 mg/kg) and, to a lower extent, selenomethionine (600 µg/kg) partially reduced the negative side effects (leukocytopenia and erythropenia) of Dx (5 mg/kg) in NK/Ly lymphoma bearing animals on the 14th day of their treatment. This increased animal survival time from 47-48 to 60+ days and improved the quality of their life. This ability of D-pantethine and selenomethionine was realized via hepatoprotective and immunomodulating activities. D-pantethine also restored the levels of acid-soluble and free CoA in the liver of tumor-bearing animals, while selenomethionine caused the recovery of glutathione peroxidase levels in the liver, which was significantly diminished under Dx treatment. Both compounds decreased glutathione level in the liver, which was considerably induced by Dx. Conclusions Antioxidants selenomethionine and D-pantethine partially reversed the negative side effects of Dx in NK/Ly lymphoma-bearing mice and significantly increased the therapeutic efficiency of this drug in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rostyslav R Panchuk
- Rostyslav R. Panchuk, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street 14/16, 79005, Lviv, Ukraine,
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109
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Yan C, Luo L, Urata Y, Goto S, Guo CY, Li TS. Nicaraven, a Potential Radioprotective Agent, has Very Limited Effects on the Survival of Cancer Cells and the Growth of Established Tumors. Radiat Res 2017; 187:339. [DOI: 10.1667/rr4614.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Lan Luo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yoshishige Urata
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shinji Goto
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Chang-Ying Guo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Tao-Sheng Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
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Heidari-Soreshjani S, Asadi-Samani M, Yang Q, Saeedi-Boroujeni A. Phytotherapy of nephrotoxicity-induced by cancer drugs: an updated review. J Nephropathol 2017; 6:254-263. [PMID: 28975109 PMCID: PMC5607991 DOI: 10.15171/jnp.2017.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Context:
Kidney is one of the vital organs maintaining homeostasis of body and thus
dysfunction of kidney affects quality of life and health severely. Anticancer drugs,
particularly chemotherapeutic agents, cause high toxicity leading kidney dysfunction
and irreparable kidney injury. Therefore, attention has recently been paid to seeking out
alternatives such as nature-based drugs that are effective but less toxic. In this regard, this
systematic review article is to report and introduce the most important medicinal plants
and their derivatives that are used to reduce anticancer drug-induced nephrotoxicity.
Evidence Acquisitions: The word nephrotoxicity alongside the words cancer or chemotherapy
in combination with some herbal terms such as medicinal plant, plants, herbs, and extracts
were administered to search for relevant publications indexed in PubMed.
Results:
According to this study, 16 medicinal plants, 12 plant-based derivatives, and three
traditional plant-based formulations were found to help control and modulate anticancer
drug-induced nephrotoxicity indices.
Conclusions:
Anticancer drugs cause nephrotoxicity through activating pathways of oxidative
stress, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) production, inflammatory
processes, and cell apoptosis, while medicinal plants and their derivatives can cause
reduction in nephrotoxicity and anticancer drugs side effects via their antioxidant and
anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Asadi-Samani
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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111
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Lee JD, Cai Q, Shu XO, Nechuta SJ. The Role of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Breast Cancer Risk and Prognosis: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiologic Literature. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2017; 26:467-482. [PMID: 28151039 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2016.5973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress may play an important role in both initiation and progression of breast cancer. We conducted the first systematic epidemiologic review to summarize the published literature on oxidative stress biomarkers and breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We implemented systematic search strategies to identify published studies of oxidative stress biomarkers and (1) risk of developing breast cancer and (2) breast cancer prognosis using the PRISMA statement guidelines. RESULTS We identified eleven case-control studies of oxidative stress biomarkers and breast cancer. Biomarkers utilized varied and menopausal status was a key modifying factor. Across three nested case-control studies with biomarkers measured before diagnosis, one reported increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in association with 8-oxodG (DNA damage biomarker), while two (one of F2-isoprostanes and one of fluorescent oxidation products) reported inverse associations for premenopausal breast cancer only. We identified eight prognostic studies. Two reported associations for lipid peroxidation and breast cancer prognosis; results for other studies were null. CONCLUSIONS DNA damage may increase risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women, while lipid peroxidation may be inversely associated with premenopausal breast cancer. Lipid peroxidation may be associated with survival after breast cancer diagnosis; however, results require evaluation in large, prospective cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine D Lee
- 1 Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center , Nashville, Tennessee.,2 Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center , Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- 1 Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center , Nashville, Tennessee.,2 Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center , Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Xiao Ou Shu
- 1 Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center , Nashville, Tennessee.,2 Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center , Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sarah J Nechuta
- 1 Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center , Nashville, Tennessee.,2 Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center , Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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Zheng Y, Zong ZM, Chen SL, Chen AH, Wei XY. Ameliorative effect of Trametes orientalis polysaccharide against immunosuppression and oxidative stress in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 95:1216-1222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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113
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Danwilai K, Konmun J, Sripanidkulchai BO, Subongkot S. Antioxidant activity of ginger extract as a daily supplement in cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: a pilot study. Cancer Manag Res 2017; 9:11-18. [PMID: 28203106 PMCID: PMC5293358 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s124016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the antioxidant activity of ginger extract oral supplement in newly diagnosed cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy compared to placebo. Patients and methods Newly diagnosed cancer patients receiving moderate-to-high emetogenic potential adjuvant chemotherapy were randomized to receive either a ginger extract (standardized 6-gingerol 20 mg/day) or a placebo 3 days prior to chemotherapy, which they continued daily. Oxidant/antioxidant parameters, including the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total glutathione (GSH/GSSG), lipid peroxidation products detected as malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO2−/NO3−, were measured at baseline and at days 1, 22, 43 and 64 after undergoing chemotherapy. Two-sided statistical analysis, with P < 0.05, was used to determine statistical significance. Results A total of 43 patients were included in the study: 19 and 24 patients were randomly assigned to the ginger group and placebo group, respectively. Antioxidant activity parameters, including SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH/GSSG, were significantly increased at day 64 in the ginger group compared to those in the placebo group, while MDA and NO2−/NO3− levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.0001). When compared to the baseline, the activities of SOD and CAT and the levels of GPx and GSH/GSSG were significantly higher on day 64 (P = 0.01), while the blood levels of MDA and NO2−/NO3− were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Conclusion Daily supplement of ginger extract started 3 days prior to chemotherapy has been shown to significantly elevate antioxidant activity and reduce oxidative marker levels in patients who received moderate-to-high emetogenic potential chemotherapy compared to placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanjit Danwilai
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok; The College of Pharmacotherapy of Thailand, Nonthaburi
| | - Jitprapa Konmun
- The College of Pharmacotherapy of Thailand, Nonthaburi; Department of Pharmacy, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok
| | | | - Suphat Subongkot
- The College of Pharmacotherapy of Thailand, Nonthaburi; Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products; Clinical Pharmacy Division, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Mollakhalili Meybodi N, Mortazavian AM, Bahadori Monfared A, Sohrabvandi S, Aghaei Meybodi F. Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention: A Review of the Evidence. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION 2017. [DOI: 10.17795/ijcp-7219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Mahmoodnia L, Mohammadi K, Masumi R. Ameliorative effect of lycopene effect on cisplatin-induced nephropathy in patient. J Nephropathol 2017; 6:144-149. [PMID: 28975094 PMCID: PMC5607975 DOI: 10.15171/jnp.2017.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:
Nephrotoxicity is one of the most important limitations of cisplatin-based chemotherapies which associated with many complications and high mortality rate.
Objectives:
To investigate the effect of lycopene on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in patients with cancer.
Patients and Methods:
In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 120 patients were randomly assigned to two groups, case (treated with lycopene + standard regimen of kidney injury prevention) and control (treated with only the standard regimen of kidney injury prevention). Lycopene was orally taken from 24 hours before to 72 hours after cisplatin administration. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured and recorded. The data were analyzed using SPSS.
Results:
Changes in Cr were not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.131). However, a significant decreasing trend was seen in GFR during the study, which was more marked in the control group (P = 0.004). BUN significantly decreased during the study (P = 0.002), and a significant decrease of BUN on the day three in both groups was seen (P = 0.001). However, BUN increased in the case group on the day 21 of treatment. The corresponding increase was less marked in the control group.
Conclusions:
Lycopene can be considered a useful adjuvant therapy to decrease the complications due to cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Mahmoodnia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Keivan Mohammadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Rohollah Masumi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To review common tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as their ocular side effects and management.
. DATA SOURCES A comprehensive literature search was conducted using CINAHL®, PubMed, and Cochrane databases for articles published since 2004 with the following search terms. DATA SYNTHESIS Tyrosine kinase inhibitors can cause significant eye toxicity.
. CONCLUSIONS Given the prevalence of new tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapies and the complexity of possible pathogenesis of ocular pathology, oncology nurses can appreciate the occurrence of ocular toxicities and the role of nursing in the management of these problems.
. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Knowledge of the risk factors and etiology of ocular toxicity of targeted cancer therapies can guide nursing assessment, enhance patient education, and improve care management. Including a review of eye symptoms and vision issues in nursing assessment can enhance early detection and treatment of ocular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Elizabeth Davis
- Department of Ambulatory Nursing, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Tsinovoi CL, Xun P, He K. Antioxidant Supplementation Is Not Associated with Long-term Quality of Life in Stage-II Colorectal Cancer Survivors: A Follow-up of the Study of Colorectal Cancer Survivors Cohort. Nutr Cancer 2016; 69:159-166. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1250925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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118
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Bachmann P, Bertrand A, Roux P. Prise en charge nutritionnelle dans les parcours de soins des cancers. NUTR CLIN METAB 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2016.10.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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119
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van Dam DGHA, Beijers AJM, Vreugdenhil G. Acetyl-L-carnitine undervalued in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy? Acta Oncol 2016; 55:1495-1497. [PMID: 27606940 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2016.1220678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davy G H A van Dam
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Máxima Medical Center , Veldhoven , The Netherlands
| | | | - Gerard Vreugdenhil
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Máxima Medical Center , Veldhoven , The Netherlands.,b Department of Medical Oncology , Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
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Kessel KA, Lettner S, Kessel C, Bier H, Biedermann T, Friess H, Herrschbach P, Gschwend JE, Meyer B, Peschel C, Schmid R, Schwaiger M, Wolff KD, Combs SE. Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) as Part of the Oncological Treatment: Survey about Patients' Attitude towards CAM in a University-Based Oncology Center in Germany. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165801. [PMID: 27812163 PMCID: PMC5094772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To understand if and which patients would be open-minded to Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) use parallel to their oncological treatment. Moreover, we sought to determine which methods are most accepted and which are the primary motivators to use CAM. METHODS We developed and anonymously conducted a questionnaire for patients in the oncology center (TU Munich). Questions focus on different CAM methods, previous experiences, and willingness to apply or use CAM when offered in a university-based setting. RESULTS A total of 171 of 376 patients (37.4% women, 62.0% men, 0.6% unknown) participated. This corresponds to a return rate of 45%. Median age was 64 years (17-87 years). Of all participants, 15.2% used CAM during their oncological therapy; 32.7% have used it in the past. The majority (81.9%) was not using CAM during therapy; 55.5% have not used CAM in the past respectively. The analysis revealed a significant correlation between education and CAM use during therapy (r = 0.18; p = 0.02), and CAM use in the past (r = 0.17; p = 0.04). Of all patients using CAM during therapy, favored methods were food supplements (42.3%), vitamins/minerals (42.3%), massage (34.6%). Motivations are especially the reduction of side effect and stress, the positive effect of certain CAM-treatments on the immune system and tumor therapy. Results showed no difference between women and men. Most patients not having had any experience with CAM complain about the deficiency of information by their treating oncologist (31.4%) as well as missing treatment possibilities (54.3%). CONCLUSION Since many patients believe in study results demonstrating the efficacy of CAM, it stresses our task to develop innovative study protocols to investigate the outcomes of certain CAM on symptom reduction or other endpoints. Thus, prospective trials and innovative evidence-based treatment concepts to include CAM into high-end oncology is what patients demand and what a modern oncology center should offer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin A. Kessel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Innovative Radiotherapy (iRT), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Sabrina Lettner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Carmen Kessel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
- Onkologisches Zentrum im RHCCC am Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Henning Bier
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Biedersteiner Straße 29, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Herrschbach
- Roman-Herzog-Krebszentrum Comprehensive Cancer Center (RHCCC), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Trogerstraße 26, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen E. Gschwend
- Department of Urology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Meyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Peschel
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Schmid
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie E. Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Innovative Radiotherapy (iRT), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, Germany
- Onkologisches Zentrum im RHCCC am Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
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Matovina C, Birkeland AC, Zick S, Shuman AG. Integrative Medicine in Head and Neck Cancer. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 156:228-237. [PMID: 27729559 DOI: 10.1177/0194599816671885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective Complementary and alternative medicine, or integrative medicine, has become increasingly popular among patients with head and neck cancer. Despite its increasing prevalence, many patients feel uncomfortable discussing such therapies with their physicians, and many physicians are unaware and underequipped to evaluate or discuss their use with patients. The aim of this article is to use recent data to outline the decision making inherent to integrative medicine utilization among patients with head and neck cancer, to discuss the ethical implications inherent to balancing integrative and conventional approaches to treatment, and to highlight available resources to enhance head and neck cancer providers' understanding of integrative medicine. Data Sources Randomized controlled trials involving integrative medicine or complementary and alternative medicine treatment for cancer patients. Review Methods Trials were drawn from a systematic PubMed database search categorized into cancer prevention, treatment, and symptom management. Conclusions Integrative medicine is gaining popularity for the management of cancer and is most commonly used for symptom management. A number of randomized controlled trials provide data to support integrative therapies, yet physicians who treat head and neck cancer may be faced with ethical dilemmas and practical barriers surrounding incorporation of integrative medicine. Implications for Practice In the management of head and neck cancer, there is an increasing demand for awareness of, dialogue about, and research evaluating integrative medicine therapies. It is important for otolaryngologists to become aware of integrative therapy options, their risks and benefits, and resources for further information to effectively counsel their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Matovina
- 1 Head and Neck Translational Oncology Laboratory, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew C Birkeland
- 1 Head and Neck Translational Oncology Laboratory, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,2 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Suzanna Zick
- 3 Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,4 Nutritional Sciences Program, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew G Shuman
- 1 Head and Neck Translational Oncology Laboratory, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,2 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,5 Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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IL-6 controls resistance to radiation by suppressing oxidative stress via the Nrf2-antioxidant pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:1234-1244. [PMID: 27736845 PMCID: PMC5104896 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In promoting tumour malignancy IL-6 signalling is considered to have an important role. However, the biological roles of IL-6 on radiosensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain largely unclear. The objective of this study is to determine the effects and molecular mechanisms of IL-6 on radiosensitivity in OSCC. Methods: Two OSCC cell lines, and OSCC tissue samples with radioresistant cells were used. We examined the effects of IL-6, or tocilizumab, a humanised anti-human IL-6 receptor antibody, or both on radiosensitivity and DNA damage after X-ray irradiation in vitro. In addition, we investigated the involvement of the Nrf2-antioxidant pathway in IL-6-mediated radioresistant mechanisms using OSCC cell lines and tissues. Results: Increased levels of IL-6 suppressed radiation-induced cell death, and the blockade of IL-6 signalling by tocilizumab sensitised tumour cells to radiation. The radioresistant effect of IL-6 was associated with decreased DNA damage after radiation. We also found that IL-6 promotes the activation of not only the downstream molecule STAT3 but also the Nrf2-antioxidant pathway, leading to a significant decrease in oxidative stress by upregulating Mn-SOD. Conclusions: These results indicate that the blockade of IL-6 signalling combined with conventional radiotherapy could augment the treatment response and survival rate in patients with radioresistant OSCC.
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Is wheat germ grass detrimental during radiotherapy?: a hypothesis. JOURNAL OF RADIOTHERAPY IN PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1017/s1460396916000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundAntioxidant therapies to control oxidative damage have already attracted worldwide attention in recent years. Extensive studies on phytochemicals in cell culture system and animal models have provided a wealth of information on the mechanism by which such nutraceuticals show their beneficial effect. Nutraceuticals include plant-derived factors (phytochemicals) and factors derived from animal sources as well as from microbial sources. The activities of nutraceuticals are broad and include antioxidation, modulation of enzyme activity and modification of natural hormonal activity (agonist or antagonist) to act as a precursor for one or more beneficial molecules. Antioxidants scavenge free radicals that cause cell damage. Antioxidant consumption during radiotherapy and its effects are still controversial. Some studies suggest that antioxidant supplementation during chemotherapy or radiotherapy may be beneficial and some, harmful. Wheat grass is rich in superoxide dismutase, an antioxidant enzyme. Radiotherapy causes tumour cell kill via activation of reactive oxygen species, specifically by the hydroxyl radical and needs the reactive species for effective tumour control. Wheat grass which is rich in free radical scavengers can interfere with reactive oxygen species generated by radiation for tumour cell kill and can be detrimental to the therapy per se.PurposeTo hypothesise if the antioxidant properties of wheat grass could influence tumour activity, the effects of radiation therapy on tumour cells can be nullified when wheat grass is taken during radiotherapy.
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The Janus-Faced Role of Antioxidants in Cancer Cachexia: New Insights on the Established Concepts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9579868. [PMID: 27642498 PMCID: PMC5013212 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9579868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and excessive loss of skeletal muscle usually occur during cancer cachexia, leading to functional impairment and delaying the cure of cancer. The release of cytokines by tumor promotes the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn regulate catabolic pathways involved in muscle atrophy. ROS also exert a dual role within tumor itself, as they can either promote proliferation and vascularization or induce senescence and apoptosis. Accordingly, previous studies that used antioxidants to modulate these ROS-dependent mechanisms, in cancer and cancer cachexia, have obtained contradictory results, hence the need to gather the main findings of these studies and draw global conclusions in order to stimulate more oriented research in this field. Based on the literature reviewed in this paper, it appears that antioxidant supplementation is (1) beneficial in cancer cachectic patients with antioxidant deficiencies, (2) most likely harmful in cancer patients with adequate antioxidant status (i.e., lung, gastrointestinal, head and neck, and esophageal), and (3) not recommended when undergoing radiotherapy. At the moment, measuring the blood levels of antioxidants may help to identify patients with systemic deficiencies. This approach is simple to realize but could not be a gold standard method for cachexia, as it does not necessarily reflect the redox state in other organs, like muscle.
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Himmel LE, Lustberg MB, DeVries AC, Poi M, Chen CS, Kulp SK. Minocycline, a putative neuroprotectant, co-administered with doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in a xenograft model of triple-negative breast cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:505-515. [PMID: 27555377 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Minocycline is purported to have neuroprotective properties in experimental models of some human neurologic diseases, and has therefore been identified as a putative neuroprotectant for chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) in breast cancer patients. However, because its mechanism of action is believed to be mediated through anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidant pathways, co-administration of minocycline with chemotherapeutic agents has the potential to reduce the efficacy of anticancer drugs. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of minocycline on the activity of the AC chemotherapeutic regimen (Adriamycin [doxorubicin], Cytoxan [cyclophosphamide]) in in vitro and in vivo models of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Clonogenic and methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assays were used to assess survival and viability in two TNBC cell lines treated with increasing concentrations of AC in the presence or absence of minocycline. Biomarkers of apoptosis, cell stress, and DNA damage were evaluated by western blot. The in vivo effects of AC and minocycline, each alone and in combination, were assessed in a xenograft model of TNBC in female athymic nude mice by weekly tumor volume measurement, body and organ weight measurement, and histopathology. Apoptosis and proliferation were characterized by immunohistochemistry in the xenografts tumors. Brains from tumor-bearing mice were evaluated for microglial activation, glial scars, and the proportion of neural progenitor cells. Data from these in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that minocycline does not diminish the cytotoxic and tumor-suppressive effects of this chemotherapeutic drug combination in TNBC cells. Moreover, minocycline appeared to prevent the reduction in doublecortin-positive neural progenitor cells observed in AC-treated mice. We posit that minocycline may be useful clinically for its reported neuroprotective activity in breast cancer patients receiving AC without loss of chemotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Himmel
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Maryam B Lustberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - A Courtney DeVries
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ming Poi
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Jangra A, Kwatra M, Singh T, Pant R, Kushwah P, Ahmed S, Dwivedi D, Saroha B, Lahkar M. Edaravone alleviates cisplatin-induced neurobehavioral deficits via modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in the rat hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 791:51-61. [PMID: 27492363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of malignant tumors. A major clinical limitation of cisplatin is its potential toxic effects, including neurotoxicity. Edaravone, a potent free radical scavenger, has been reported to have the neuroprotective effect against neurological deficits. The aim of the present study was to determine the neuroprotective effect of edaravone against cisplatin-induced behavioral and biochemical anomalies in male Wistar rats. Our results showed that cisplatin (5mg/kg/week, i.p.) administration for seven weeks caused marked cognitive deficits and motor incoordination in rats. This was accompanied by oxido-nitrosative stress, neuroinflammation, NF-κB activation and down-regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 gene expression level in the hippocampus. Edaravone (10mg/kg/week, i.p.) treatment for seven weeks inhibited the aforementioned neurobehavioral and neurochemical deficits. Furthermore, edaravone was found to up-regulate the gene expression level of Nrf2/HO-1 and prevented the cisplatin-induced NF-κB activation. These findings demonstrated that oxido-nitrosative stress and inflammatory signaling mediators play a key role in the development of cisplatin-induced neurobehavioral deficits which were prevented by edaravone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Jangra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Mohit Kwatra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Tavleen Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Rajat Pant
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Pawan Kushwah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sahabuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Durgesh Dwivedi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Babita Saroha
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering & Technology (UIET), Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Mangala Lahkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, India.
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Mitochondria, cholesterol and cancer cell metabolism. Clin Transl Med 2016; 5:22. [PMID: 27455839 PMCID: PMC4960093 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-016-0106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the role of mitochondria in oxygen consumption, metabolism and cell death regulation, alterations in mitochondrial function or dysregulation of cell death pathways contribute to the genesis and progression of cancer. Cancer cells exhibit an array of metabolic transformations induced by mutations leading to gain-of-function of oncogenes and loss-of-function of tumor suppressor genes that include increased glucose consumption, reduced mitochondrial respiration, increased reactive oxygen species generation and cell death resistance, all of which ensure cancer progression. Cholesterol metabolism is disturbed in cancer cells and supports uncontrolled cell growth. In particular, the accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria emerges as a molecular component that orchestrates some of these metabolic alterations in cancer cells by impairing mitochondrial function. As a consequence, mitochondrial cholesterol loading in cancer cells may contribute, in part, to the Warburg effect stimulating aerobic glycolysis to meet the energetic demand of proliferating cells, while protecting cancer cells against mitochondrial apoptosis due to changes in mitochondrial membrane dynamics. Further understanding the complexity in the metabolic alterations of cancer cells, mediated largely through alterations in mitochondrial function, may pave the way to identify more efficient strategies for cancer treatment involving the use of small molecules targeting mitochondria, cholesterol homeostasis/trafficking and specific metabolic pathways.
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Smith PJ, Steadman KJ. Antioxidant supplementation and cancer patients receiving curative-intent chemotherapy. Med J Aust 2016; 204:185-185e1. [PMID: 26985844 DOI: 10.5694/mja15.01196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Smith
- Sunshine Coast Cancer Care Services, Nambour General Hospital, Nambour, QLD
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Kurutas EB. The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: current state. Nutr J 2016; 15:71. [PMID: 27456681 PMCID: PMC4960740 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 960] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Remarkable interest has risen in the idea that oxidative/nitrosative stress is mediated in the etiology of numerous human diseases. Oxidative/Nitrosative stress is the result of an disequilibrium in oxidant/antioxidant which reveals from continuous increase of Reactive Oxygen and Reactive Nitrogen Species production. The aim of this review is to emphasize with current information the importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular responce against oxidative/nitrosative stress, which would be helpful in enhancing the knowledge of any biochemist, pathophysiologist, or medical personnel regarding this important issue. Products of lipid peroxidation have commonly been used as biomarkers of oxidative/nitrosative stress damage. Lipid peroxidation generates a variety of relatively stable decomposition end products, mainly α, β-unsaturated reactive aldehydes, such as malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, 2-propenal (acrolein) and isoprostanes, which can be measured in plasma and urine as an indirect index of oxidative/nitrosative stress. Antioxidants are exogenous or endogenous molecules that mitigate any form of oxidative/nitrosative stress or its consequences. They may act from directly scavenging free radicals to increasing antioxidative defences. Antioxidant deficiencies can develop as a result of decreased antioxidant intake, synthesis of endogenous enzymes or increased antioxidant utilization. Antioxidant supplementation has become an increasingly popular practice to maintain optimal body function. However, antoxidants exhibit pro-oxidant activity depending on the specific set of conditions. Of particular importance are their dosage and redox conditions in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ergul Belge Kurutas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Avsar Campus, Kahramanmaras, 46050, Turkey.
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130
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Judson PL, Abdallah R, Xiong Y, Ebbert J, Lancaster JM. Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in Individuals Presenting for Care at a Comprehensive Cancer Center. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 16:96-103. [PMID: 27444312 PMCID: PMC5736072 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416660384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To define the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in individuals presenting for care at a comprehensive cancer center. Patients and Methods: A total of 17 639 individuals presenting to an NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center (and consortium sites) completed a questionnaire regarding CAM use. Data were analyzed using the univariate χ2 test to assess CAM use associated with a number of variables, including cancer status, age, gender, marital status, ethnicity, race, employment, and education level. Results: Eighty-seven percent of individuals who completed the CAM survey acknowledged CAM therapy use within the previous 12 months. Of the 5 broad categories of CAM, the most commonly used were biologically based approaches (14 759/17 639 [83.67%]), mind-body interventions (4624/17 485 [26.45%]), manipulative and body-based therapies (3957/17 537 [22.56%]), alternative medical systems (429/15 952 [2.69%]), and energy therapies (270/15 872 [1.7%]). CAM use was more prevalent among women, non-Hispanics, Caucasians, patients 60 to 69 years of age, and those who are married, have a higher level of education, and are employed (P < .005). Conclusions: This is the largest report of CAM use in individuals presenting for care at a comprehensive cancer center. Our analysis revealed that a very high percentage of patients utilize CAM. Because many of these CAM interventions are not studied in oncology patients, additional research on safety, efficacy, and mechanisms of action are essential. Furthermore, it is important that oncologists understand CAM modalities and counsel their patients about their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L Judson
- 1 H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.,2 Jordan Valley Cancer Center, West Jordan, UT, USA
| | - Reem Abdallah
- 1 H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.,3 American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yin Xiong
- 1 H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Judith Ebbert
- 1 H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Johnathan M Lancaster
- 1 H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.,4 Myriad Genetic Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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131
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Emerging targets for radioprotection and radiosensitization in radiotherapy. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:11589-11609. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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132
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Kim SK, Wu CC, Horowitz DP. Stereotactic body radiotherapy for the pancreas: a critical review for the medical oncologist. J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 7:479-86. [PMID: 27284482 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2015.10.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With recent advances in imaging modalities and radiation therapy, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has allowed for the delivery of high doses of radiation with accuracy and precision. As such, SBRT has generated favorable results in the treatment of several cancers. Although the role of radiation has been controversial for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) due to rather lackluster results in clinical trials, SBRT may offer improved outcomes, enhance the quality of life, and aid in palliative care settings for PDAC patients. This review delineates the role of SBRT in the treatment of PDAC, presents the defining principles of radiation biology and the radiation oncology work flow, and discusses the prospects of new treatment regimens involving tumor immunology and radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel K Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - David P Horowitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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133
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Chung MK, Kim DH, Ahn YC, Choi JY, Kim EH, Son YI. Randomized Trial of Vitamin C/E Complex for Prevention of Radiation-Induced Xerostomia in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 155:423-30. [PMID: 27048670 DOI: 10.1177/0194599816642418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was conducted to determine the preventive efficacy of vitamin C/E complex supplementation for radiotherapy (RT)-induced xerostomia in patients with head and neck cancer. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study. SETTING A single tertiary referral institution. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The trial group (n = 25) received antioxidant supplements (100 IU of vitamin E + 500 mg of vitamin C) twice per day during RT, while the control group (n = 20) received an identical placebo. Pre-RT and 1 and 6 months post-RT, patient-reported xerostomia questionnaires, observer-rated xerostomia score, and salivary scintigraphy were serially obtained to compare xerostomia severity between the 2 groups. RESULTS The trial group showed greater improvements in xerostomia questionnaire and score at 6 months post-RT when compared with those at 1 month post-RT (P = .007 and .008, respectively). In contrast, the control group showed no changes between 1 and 6 months post-RT. By salivary scintigraphy, there was no difference in maximal accumulation or ejection fraction between the 2 groups. However, the trial group maintained significantly better oral indices at the prestimulatory (P = .01) and poststimulatory (P = .009) stages at 1 month post-RT, compared with the control group. At the final follow-up, there was no difference in overall survival and disease-free survival between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that short-term supplementation with an antioxidant vitamin E/C complex exerts a protective effect against RT-induced xerostomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Ki Chung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Comprehensive Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yong Chan Ahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Comprehensive Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Young Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Comprehensive Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Comprehensive Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ik Son
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Comprehensive Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea
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134
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Smith PJ, Clavarino AM, Long JE, Anstey CM, Steadman KJ. Complementary and alternative medicine use by patients receiving curative-intent chemotherapy. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2016; 12:265-74. [DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Smith
- School of Pharmacy; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia
- Sunshine Coast Cancer Care Services; Nambour General Hospital; Nambour Australia
| | | | - Jeremy E Long
- Sunshine Coast Cancer Care Services; Nambour General Hospital; Nambour Australia
- School of Medicine; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia
| | - Chris M Anstey
- Sunshine Coast Cancer Care Services; Nambour General Hospital; Nambour Australia
- School of Medicine; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia
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Hong WG, Cho JH, Hwang SG, Lee E, Lee J, Kim JI, Um HD, Park JK. Chemosensitizing effect of podophyllotoxin acetate on topoisomerase inhibitors leads to synergistic enhancement of lung cancer cell apoptosis. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:2265-76. [PMID: 27035096 PMCID: PMC4863929 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin acetate (PA) acts as a radiosensitizer against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we examined its potential role as a chemosensitizer in conjunction with the topoisomerase inhibitors etoposide (Eto) and camptothecin (Cpt). The effects of combinations of PA and Eto/Cpt were examined with CompuSyn software in two NSCLC cell lines, A549 and NCI-H1299. Combination index (CI) values indicated synergistic effects of PA and the topoisomerase inhibitors. The intracellular mechanism underlying synergism was further determined using propidium iodide uptake, immunoblotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Combination of PA with Eto/Cpt promoted disruption of the dynamics of actin filaments, leading to subsequent enhancement of apoptotic cell death via induction of caspase-3, -8, and -9, accompanied by increased phosphorylation of p38. Conversely, suppression of p38 phosphorylation blocked the apoptotic effect of the drug combinations. Notably, CREB-1, a transcription factor, was constitutively activated in both cell types, and synergistically inhibited upon combination treatment. Our results collectively indicate that PA functions as a chemosensitizer by enhancing apoptosis through activation of the p38/caspase axis and suppression of CREB-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Gi Hong
- Department of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Cho
- Department of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gu Hwang
- Department of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunah Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Geonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseok Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Biological Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Food and Microbial Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Duck Um
- Department of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kuk Park
- Department of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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136
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Webster S, Chandrasekaran S, Vijayaragavan R, Sethu G. Impact of Emotional Support on Serum Cortisol in Breast Cancer Patients. Indian J Palliat Care 2016; 22:141-9. [PMID: 27162424 PMCID: PMC4843552 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1075.179607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring female cancer in the world. Research gap exists regarding emotional support for breast cancer patients. AIM The main aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of Emotional Support- Focused Nurse directed Intervention on serum cortisol among arm I, II and III in breast cancer patients. METHODS The study was designed to compare the effectiveness of emotional support focused nurse directed intervention in terms of verbal, written and telephone basis on serum cortisol among breast cancer patients in Cancer Centre at Erode. Participants were randomly allocated by using Sequentially Numbered Opaque Sealed Envelope (SNOSE) method. 2 ml of blood samples were collected from 30 breast cancer patients who were selected randomly by adopting random number table, 10 in each experimental arm during evening at 18 hour; radioimmunoassay method was used to measure the level of serum cortisol before and after intervention. The intervention was given twice in a week for the duration of 30-45 minutes, in which early 20-30 minutes spares to express thoughts and feelings of the participants and subsequent 10-15 minutes for rendering informational support and later follow up session for the period of 1 month. RESULTS Emotional support was effective in reducing serum cortisol level among breast cancer patients. There was no statistically significant difference between arms on serum cortisol levels. CONCLUSIONS Marginal differences were noted between posttest mean scores of serum cortisol among verbal, written and telephone arms. Further emotional support can be rendered according to the preference of the breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampoornam Webster
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Susila Chandrasekaran
- Department of Maternal Health Nursing, Billroth College of Nursing, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Vijayaragavan
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gowri Sethu
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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137
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Einor D, Bonisoli-Alquati A, Costantini D, Mousseau TA, Møller AP. Ionizing radiation, antioxidant response and oxidative damage: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 548-549:463-471. [PMID: 26851726 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
One mechanism proposed as a link between exposure to ionizing radiation and detrimental effects on organisms is oxidative damage. To test this hypothesis, we surveyed the scientific literature on the effects of chronic low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) on antioxidant responses and oxidative damage. We found 40 publications and 212 effect sizes for antioxidant responses and 288 effect sizes for effects of oxidative damage. We performed a meta-analysis of signed and unsigned effect sizes. We found large unsigned effects for both categories (0.918 for oxidative damage; 0.973 for antioxidant response). Mean signed effect size weighted by sample size was 0.276 for oxidative damage and -0.350 for antioxidant defenses, with significant heterogeneity among effects for both categories, implying that ionizing radiation caused small to intermediate increases in oxidative damage and small to intermediate decreases in antioxidant defenses. Our estimates are robust, as shown by very high fail-safe numbers. Species, biological matrix (tissue, blood, sperm) and age predicted the magnitude of effects for oxidative damage as well as antioxidant response. Meta-regression models showed that effect sizes for oxidative damage varied among species and age classes, while effect sizes for antioxidant responses varied among species and biological matrices. Our results are consistent with the description of mechanisms underlying pathological effects of chronic exposure to LDIR. Our results also highlight the importance of resistance to oxidative stress as one possible mechanism associated with variation in species responses to LDIR-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Einor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - A Bonisoli-Alquati
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - D Costantini
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - T A Mousseau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan.
| | - A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 362, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
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138
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Prasad S, Gupta SC, Tyagi AK. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cancer: Role of antioxidative nutraceuticals. Cancer Lett 2016; 387:95-105. [PMID: 27037062 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 566] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research over the past half a century indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in cancer. Although low levels of ROS can be beneficial, excessive accumulation can promote cancer. One characteristic of cancer cells that distinguishes them from normal cells is their ability to produce increased numbers of ROS and their increased dependence on an antioxidant defense system. ROS are produced as a byproduct intracellularly by mitochondria and other cellular elements and exogenously by pollutants, tobacco, smoke, drugs, xenobiotics, and radiation. ROS modulate various cell signaling pathways, which are primarily mediated through the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, kinases, growth factors, cytokines and other proteins, and enzymes; these pathways have been linked to cellular transformation, inflammation, tumor survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of cancer. ROS are also associated with epigenetic changes in genes, which is helpful in diagnosing diseases. This review considers the role of ROS in the various stages of cancer development. Finally, we provide evidence that nutraceuticals derived from Mother Nature are highly effective in eliminating cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
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139
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Gröber U, Holzhauer P, Kisters K, Holick MF, Adamietz IA. Micronutrients in Oncological Intervention. Nutrients 2016; 8:163. [PMID: 26985904 PMCID: PMC4808891 DOI: 10.3390/nu8030163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional supplements are widely used among patients with cancer who perceive them to be anticancer and antitoxicity agents. Depending on the type of malignancy and the gender 30%-90% of the cancer patients supplement their diets with antioxidant and immuno-stabilizing micronutrients, such as selenium, vitamin C, and vitamin D, often without the knowledge of the treating physician. From the oncological viewpoint, there are justifiable concerns that dietary supplements decrease the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recent studies, however, have provided increasing evidence that treatment is tolerated better-with an increase in patient compliance and a lower rate of treatment discontinuations-when micronutrients, such as selenium, are added as appropriate to the patient's medication. Nutritional supplementation tailored to an individual's background diet, genetics, tumor histology, and treatments may yield benefits in subsets of patients. Clinicians should have an open dialogue with patients about nutritional supplements. Supplement advice needs to be individualized and come from a credible source, and it is best communicated by the physician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Gröber
- Akademie für Mikronährstoffmedizin, Essen, Zweigertstrasse 55, 45130 Essen, Germany.
| | - Peter Holzhauer
- Akademie für Mikronährstoffmedizin, Essen, Zweigertstrasse 55, 45130 Essen, Germany.
- Interdisziplinäres onkologisches Zentrum (IOZ), München, Nußbaumstrasse 12, München 80336, Germany.
- Klinik Bad Trissl, Innere Medizin II-Onkologie und Komplementärmedizin, Oberaudorf 83080, Germany.
| | - Klaus Kisters
- Akademie für Mikronährstoffmedizin, Essen, Zweigertstrasse 55, 45130 Essen, Germany.
- St. Anna Hospital, Medizinische Klinik I, Herne, Hospitalstrasse 19, Herne 44649, Germany.
| | - Michael F Holick
- Boston University Medical Center, 85 East Newton Street M-1033, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Irenäus A Adamietz
- Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Radio-Onkologie, Ruhr Universität Bochum (RUB), Hölkeskampring 40, Herne 44625, Germany.
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140
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Lopez-Morata JA, Olivares A, Alcaraz M. [Decrease in toxicity and therapeutic effect of zoledronic acid in combination therapy with different antioxidant extracts]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2016; 51:329-334. [PMID: 26948964 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zoledronic acid is used in the treatment of cancer-related diseases, although its use has been associated with avascular osteonecrosis. AIMS To determine the possible protective effect of a range of antioxidant substances against the inhibition of human prostate epithelial cell growth (PNT2) and transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate tumour cells (TRAMP-C1), in treatments combining zoledronic acid and ionising radiation (IR). MATERIAL AND METHOD Cell survival is studied via cell viability assays (MTT) for 2 cell lines in isolated and combined treatments with zoledronic acid and/or IR, as well as the effect of adding 3 antioxidant substances. RESULTS Zoledronic acid displays a significant cytotoxic effect over PNT2 and TRAMP-C1 cells (P<.001). The administration of antioxidants together with the zoledronic acid shows a protective effect for normal prostate cells, yet not so for prostate tumour cells. However, the administration of rosmarinic acid and apigenin in treatments combined with zoledronic acid provides a protective effect from the harmful effects of applying ionizing radiation, not only for normal PNT2 cells, but also for tumour cells. CONCLUSION The use of antioxidant substances decreases the cytotoxic effect of zoledronic acid over non-tumour cells, and as such could be used in benign diseases. Furthermore, in the combined treatment using ionising radiation, these antioxidants also produced a protective effect in tumour cells, thus reducing the therapeutic effect sought by combining the treatment with radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Lopez-Morata
- Departamento de Radiología, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España; Departamento de Medicina Física, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España
| | - Amparo Olivares
- Departamento de Radiología, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España; Departamento de Medicina Física, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España
| | - Miguel Alcaraz
- Departamento de Radiología, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España; Departamento de Medicina Física, Facultad de Medicina/Odontología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, España.
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141
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Bhattacharyya S, Saha J. Tumour, Oxidative Stress and Host T Cell Response: Cementing the Dominance. Scand J Immunol 2016; 82:477-88. [PMID: 26286126 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals are produced intrinsically during normal cellular metabolic processes or extrinsically due to ionizing radiations, UV rays, xenobiotic insult, etc. ROS are important signal mediators and are used by the immune system to destroy pathogens, but as these are highly reactive, they also have the capacity to cause DNA damage and alter protein and lipid components of a cell. As a result, cells have evolved a tight regulation of internal redox environment that involves a balanced interplay between free radicals produced and quenched by cellular antioxidants and enzyme systems. Any deregulation of this subtle balance can result in oxidative stress that can lead to various pathological conditions including cancer. Oxidative stress can be a cause of neoplasia, or it can be induced by a growing tumour itself. The link existing between oxidative stress and inflammation is also very strong. Suppressed cellular immune system, especially effector T cell system, is a characteristic of tumour-bearing host. Both the direct oxidative stress caused by tumour cell(s) and oxidative stress mediators present in tumour microenvironment play a significant role in the suppression of effector T cell function and induction of T cell death. This review discusses in detail the complex interplay between tumour-stroma-immune system in the light of oxidative stress that dominates every phase of cancer including initiation, progression and establishment. This review also addresses in detail the mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced T cell dysfunction in tumour-bearing host and also briefly points out the possible therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bhattacharyya
- Department of Zoology, Sidho Kanho Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal, India
| | - J Saha
- Department of Zoology, Sidho Kanho Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal, India
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142
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Siah M, Farzaei MH, Ashrafi-Kooshk MR, Adibi H, Arab SS, Rashidi MR, Khodarahmi R. Inhibition of guinea pig aldehyde oxidase activity by different flavonoid compounds: An in vitro study. Bioorg Chem 2016; 64:74-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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143
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Naja F, Fadel RA, Alameddine M, Aridi Y, Zarif A, Hariri D, Mugharbel A, Khalil M, Nahleh Z, Tfayli A. Complementary and alternative medicine use and its association with quality of life among Lebanese breast cancer patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:444. [PMID: 26692096 PMCID: PMC4687122 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0969-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer patients are increasingly seeking Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapies with the hope of alleviating the burden of the disease and improving their quality of life (QOL). The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence, types, socio-demographic and disease-related correlates as well as characteristics of CAM use (including disclosure to treating physicians) among breast cancer patients in Beirut, Lebanon. A secondary objective was to evaluate the association between CAM use and QOL. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on breast cancer patients recruited from two major referral centers in Beirut: a philanthropic hospital and a private academic medical center. In face-to-face interviews, participants completed a questionnaire of three sections: socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, breast cancer condition, and CAM use. Three to four weeks following these interviews, the secondary QOL assessment was carried out via telephone using the Arabic version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast questionnaire. The main outcome in this study, CAM use, was defined as using CAM at least once after breast cancer diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 180 breast cancer patients completed the survey (response rate: 94.6 %). Prevalence of CAM use was 40 %. Using multivariate logistic regression, CAM use was negatively associated with age (OR: 0.96, CI: 0.92-0.99), treatment at the philanthropic hospital (OR: 0.13, CI: 0.05-0.35) and was positively associated with an advanced stage of the disease (OR: 4.20, CI: 1.65-10.69). Among study participants recruited from both sites, the most commonly used CAM was 'special food' followed by 'herbal teas', 'diet supplements' and 'Spiritual healing'. Only 4 % of CAM users cited health professionals as influencing their choice of CAM and only one in four patients disclosed CAM use to their treating physician. There was no significant association between CAM use and QOL. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study revealed a prevalent CAM use among Lebanese breast cancer patients. Furthermore, physicians' role in orienting CAM use was found to be marginal as patients relied mainly on family and media for their choice of CAM and were less likely to disclose CAM use to their treating physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. BOX 11-0.236, Riad El Solh, 11072020, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Romy Abi Fadel
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. BOX 11-0.236, Riad El Solh, 11072020, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Mohamad Alameddine
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Yasmin Aridi
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. BOX 11-0.236, Riad El Solh, 11072020, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Aya Zarif
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. BOX 11-0.236, Riad El Solh, 11072020, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Dania Hariri
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. BOX 11-0.236, Riad El Solh, 11072020, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Anas Mugharbel
- Medical Director Office, Makassed University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Maya Khalil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Miami Miller Medical Center, Miami, USA.
| | - Zeina Nahleh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University, El Paso, USA.
| | - Arafat Tfayli
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
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144
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Cort A, Ozben T, Melchiorre M, Chatgilialoglu C, Ferreri C, Sansone A. Effects of bleomycin and antioxidants on the fatty acid profile of testicular cancer cell membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1858:434-41. [PMID: 26656160 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycin is used in chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of patients having testicular germ-cell tumor (TGCT). There is no study in the literature investigating the effects of bleomycin on membrane lipid profile in testicular cancer cells. We investigated membrane fatty acid (FA) profiles isolated, derivatized and analyzed by gas chromatography of NTera-2 testicular cancer cells incubated with bleomycin (Bleo) for 24 h in the absence and presence of N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) and curcumin (Cur) as commonly used antioxidant adjuvants. At the same time the MAPK pathway and EGFR levels were followed up. Bleomycin treatment increased significantly saturated fatty acids (SFA) of phospholipids at the expense of monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Bleomycin also led to a significant increase in the trans lipid isomers of oleic and arachidonic acids due to its free radical producing effect. Incubation with bleomycin increased the p38 MAPK and JNK levels and downregulated EGFR pathway. Coincubation of bleomycin with NAC reversed effects caused by bleomycin. Our results highlight the important role of membrane fatty acid remodeling occurring during the use of bleomycin and its concurrent use with antioxidants which can adjuvate the cytotoxic effects of the chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cort
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey; Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy; Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Antalya, Turkey
| | - T Ozben
- Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - M Melchiorre
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Chatgilialoglu
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - C Ferreri
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Sansone
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy
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145
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Mut-Salud N, Álvarez PJ, Garrido JM, Carrasco E, Aránega A, Rodríguez-Serrano F. Antioxidant Intake and Antitumor Therapy: Toward Nutritional Recommendations for Optimal Results. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:6719534. [PMID: 26682013 PMCID: PMC4670692 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6719534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of the induction of oxidative stress as the mechanism of action of many antitumor drugs is acquiring an increasing interest. In such cases, the antitumor therapy success may be conditioned by the antioxidants present in our own body, which can be synthesized de novo (endogenous) or incorporated through the diet and nutritional supplements (exogenous). In this paper, we have reviewed different aspects of antioxidants, including their classification, natural sources, importance in diet, consumption of nutritional supplements, and the impact of antioxidants on health. Moreover, we have focused especially on the study of the interaction between antioxidants and antitumor therapy, considering both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this regard, we found that the convenience of administration of antioxidants during cancer treatment still remains a very controversial issue. In general terms, antioxidants could promote or suppress the effectiveness of antitumor treatment and even protect healthy tissues against damage induced by oxidative stress. The effects may depend on many factors discussed in the paper. These factors should be taken into consideration in order to achieve precise nutritional recommendations for patients. The evidence at the moment suggests that the supplementation or restriction of exogenous antioxidants during cancer treatment, as appropriate, could contribute to improving its efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Mut-Salud
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Juan Álvarez
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Garrido
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Esther Carrasco
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonia Aránega
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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146
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Harvie M. Nutritional supplements and cancer: potential benefits and proven harms. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2015:e478-86. [PMID: 24857143 DOI: 10.14694/edbook_am.2014.34.e478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nutritional supplements are widely used among patients with cancer who perceive them to be anticancer and antitoxicity agents. Large-scale, randomized cancer prevention trials have mainly been negative, with some notable adverse and beneficial effects. For example, these trials showed that beta-carotene increases the risk of lung and stomach cancer, vitamin E increases prostate cancer and colorectal adenoma, and selenium reduces gastric and lung cancer in populations with low selenium levels but increase rates in those with higher levels. Both beta-carotene and vitamin E supplementation increase overall mortality. This article reviews phase II and III trials that examine the effects of multivitamins, antioxidants, vitamin D, and n-3 supplements on outcome and toxicity from cancer treatments. Although vitamin E and beta-carotene reduce toxicity from radiotherapy among patients with head and neck cancer, it has been found to increase recurrence, especially among smokers. Antioxidants have mixed effects on chemotherapy toxicity, but there are no data on outcome. Vitamin D deficiency is relatively common among patients with cancer, and ongoing phase III trials are studying the effect of vitamin D on outcome as well as optimum vitamin D and calcium intakes for bone health. Docosahexanoic and eicosopentanoic acid supplements have mixed effects on cachexia and are currently being tested as potential adjuncts to maximize response to chemotherapy. Nutritional supplementation tailored to an individual's background diet, genetics, tumor histology, and treatments may yield benefits in subsets of patients. Clinicians should have an open dialogue with patients about nutritional supplements. Supplement advice needs to be individualized and come from a credible source, and it is best communicated by the physician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Harvie
- From the Genesis Breast Cancer Prevention Centre, University Hospital South Manchester, Wythenshaw, Manchester, United Kingdom
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147
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Tong L, Chuang CC, Wu S, Zuo L. Reactive oxygen species in redox cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2015; 367:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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148
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Xu X, Chai S, Wang P, Zhang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Wang K. Aldehyde dehydrogenases and cancer stem cells. Cancer Lett 2015; 369:50-7. [PMID: 26319899 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), as essential regulators of aldehyde metabolism in the human body, protect organisms from damage induced by active aldehydes. Given their roles in different cancer types, ALDHs have been evaluated as potential prognostic markers of cancer. ALDHs exhibit high activity in cancer stem cells (CSCs) and may serve as markers of CSCs. Moreover, studies indicated that ALDHs and their regulated retinoic acid, reactive oxygen species and reactive aldehydes metabolism were strongly related with various properties of CSCs. Besides, recent research evidences have demonstrated the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of ALDH expression and activation in CSCs. Thus, this review focuses on the function and regulation of ALDHs in CSCs, particularly ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Shoujie Chai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Pingli Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yiming Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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149
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Angiomodulatory properties of Rhodiola spp. and other natural antioxidants. Cent Eur J Immunol 2015; 40:249-62. [PMID: 26557041 PMCID: PMC4637400 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2015.52839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbances of angiogenesis and oxidative stress can lead to many serious diseases such as cancer, diabetes or ischemic heart disease. Substances neutralizing oxidative stress are known as antioxidants. They can affect angiogenesis process also, and thus, they modulate therapy results. Antioxidants become more and more frequently used in order to maintain homeostasis of the organism and diminish the risk of disease. Herein, we introduce some antioxidant preparations of natural plant origin (Rhodiola, Aloe vera, Resveratrol, Echinacea, Plumbagin) and antioxidant supplements (Padma 28, Reumaherb, Resvega). Analyses of their angiogenic properties, their multidirectional molecular effect on angiogenesis as well as medical application are within the scope of this review. Most of presented preparations down regulate neovascularization. They can be safely administered to patients with abnormally high angiogenesis. Rhodiola modulates, and Echinacea, Aloe vera and Plumbagin inhibit tumour-related angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo (animal models). Resveratrol and Resvega reduce neovascularization in the eye and may be applicable in eye disorders. Padma 28 preparation exhibits angioregulatory activity, decreasing high angiogenesis of cancer cells and increasing physiological angiogenesis, therefore can be used in therapy of patients with various disturbances of angiogenesis. Antioxidant application in the case of angiogenesis-related diseases should take into consideration angiogenic status of the patient.
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150
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Giorgio M. Oxidative stress and the unfulfilled promises of antioxidant agents. Ecancermedicalscience 2015; 9:556. [PMID: 26284120 PMCID: PMC4531130 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2015.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that aging and its associated diseases, including cancer, are triggered by oxidative damage to biological macromolecules. However, antioxidant compounds are still disappointingly distant from any clinical application, so that Jim Watson has declared that antioxidant supplementation may have caused more cancers than it has prevented Watson J ((2013) Oxidants, antioxidants and the current incurability of metastatic cancers Open Biol 3 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.120144). To clarify this paradox, here, we describe the mechanisms of oxidative stress focusing in particular on redox balance and physiological oxidative signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giorgio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
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