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Park HB, Baek KH. E3 ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes regulating the MAPK signaling pathway in cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188736. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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FBXO32 targets PHPT1 for ubiquitination to regulate the growth of EGFR mutant lung cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:293-307. [PMID: 35411430 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphohistidine phosphatase 1 (PHPT1) is an oncogene that has been reported to participate in multiple tumorigenic processes. As yet, however, the role of PHPT1 in lung cancer development remains uncharacterized. METHODS RNA sequencing assay and 18 pairs of tumor and normal tissues from patients were analyzed to reveal the upregulation of PHPT1 in lung cancer, followed by confirming the biological function in vitro and in vivo. Next, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, lung cancer samples, apoptosis assay, mass spectrometry experiments and western blotting were used to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying PHPT1 driven progression in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant lung cancer. Finally, we performed cellular and animal experiments to explore the tumor suppressive function of F-box protein 32 (FBXO32). RESULTS We found that PHPT1 is overexpressed in lung cancer patients and correlates with a poor overall survival. In addition, we found that the expression of PHPT1 is elevated in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells and primary patient samples. Inhibition of PHPT1 expression in EGFR mutant lung cancer cells significantly decreased their proliferation and clonogenicity, and suppressed their in vitro tumor growth. Mechanistic studies revealed that activation of the ERK/MAPK pathway is driven by PHPT1. PHPT1 is required for maintaining drug resistance to erlotinib in EGFR mutant lung cancer cells. We found that FBXO32 acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for PHPT1, and that knockdown of FBXO32 leads to PHPT1 accumulation, activation of the ERK/MAPK pathway and promotion of the proliferation, clonogenicity and growth of lung cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that PHPT1 may serve as a biomarker and therapeutic target for acquired erlotinib resistance in lung cancer patients carrying EGFR mutations.
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Yang S, Du X, Wang C, Zhang T, Xu S, Zhu Y, Lv Y, Zhao Y, Zhu M, Guo L, Zhao W. Coding and Noncoding RNA Expression Profiles of Spleen CD4 + T Lymphocytes in Mice with Echinococcosis. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:9742461. [PMID: 35480082 PMCID: PMC9012641 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9742461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a severe and neglected zoonotic disease that poses health and socioeconomic hazards. So far, the prevention and treatment of CE are far from meeting people's ideal expectations. Therefore, to gain insight into the prevention and diagnosis of CE, we explored the changes in RNA molecules and the biological processes and pathways involved in these RNA molecules as E. granulosus infects the host. Interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in peripheral blood serum of E. granulosus infected and uninfected female BALB/c mice were measured using the cytometric bead array mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokine kit. mRNA, microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) profiles of spleen CD4+ T cells from the two groups of mice were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and TNF-α were significantly higher in the serum of the CE mice than in control mice (P < 0.01). In total, 1,758 known mRNAs, 37 miRNAs, 175 lncRNAs, and 22 circRNAs were differentially expressed between infected and uninfected mice (|fold change| ≥ 0.585, P < 0.05). These differentially expressed molecules are involved in chromosome composition, DNA/RNA metabolism, and gene expression in cell composition, biological function, and cell function. Moreover, closely related to the JAK/STAT signaling pathways, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways, P53 signaling pathways, PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, cell cycle, and metabolic pathways. E. granulosus infection significantly increased the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and TNF-α in mouse peripheral blood of mice and significantly changed expression levels of various coding and noncoding RNAs. Further study of these trends and pathways may help clarify the pathogenesis of CE and provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiancai Du
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tingrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shimei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Center of Scientific Technology of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yazhou Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yongxue Lv
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yinqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Center of Scientific Technology of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Mingxing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Center of Scientific Technology of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lingna Guo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Center of Scientific Technology of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, Yinchuan, China
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TIRAP-mediated activation of p38 MAPK in inflammatory signaling. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5601. [PMID: 35379857 PMCID: PMC8979995 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09528-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe role of TIRAP (toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adapter protein) in macrophage inflammatory signalling has been significantly evolved since its discovery in 2001 due to its dynamic nature and subcellular localization to regulate multiple signaling through several protein–protein interactions (PPIs). Structural analysis of these interactions can reveal a better understanding of their conformational dynamics and the nature of their binding. Tyrosine phosphorylation in the TIR domain of TIRAP is very critical for its function. In toll-like receptor (TLR) 4/2 signalling, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and Protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) are known to phosphorylate the Y86, Y106, Y159, and Y187 of TIRAP which is crucial for the downstream function of MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) activation. The objective of this study is to understand the interaction of TIRAP with p38 MAPK through molecular docking and identify the importance of TIRAP tyrosine phosphorylation in p38 MAPK interaction. In this structural study, we performed an in-silico molecular docking using HADDOCK 2.4, pyDockWEB, ClusPro 2.0, and ZDOCK 3.0.2 tools to unravel the interaction between TIRAP and p38 MAPK. Further, manual in-silico phosphorylations of TIRAP tyrosines; Y86, Y106, Y159, and Y187 was created in the Discovery Studio tool to study the conformational changes in protein docking and their binding affinities with p38 MAPK in comparison to non-phosphorylated state. Our molecular docking and 500 ns of molecular dynamic (MD) simulation study demonstrates that the Y86 phosphorylation (pY86) in TIRAP is crucial in promoting the higher binding affinity (∆Gbind) with p38 MAPK. The conformational changes due to the tyrosine phosphorylation mainly at the Y86 site pull the TIRAP closer to the active site in the kinase domain of p38 MAPK and plays a significant role at the interface site which is reversed in its dephosphorylated state. The heatmap of interactions between the TIRAP and p38 MAPK after the MD simulation shows that the TIRAP pY86 structure makes the highest number of stable hydrogen bonds with p38 MAPK residues. Our findings may further be validated in an in-vitro system and would be crucial for targeting the TIRAP and p38 MAPK interaction for therapeutic purposes against the chronic inflammatory response and associated diseases.
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Crosstalk between p38 MAPK and GR Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063322. [PMID: 35328742 PMCID: PMC8953609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The p38 MAPK is a signaling pathway important for cells to respond to environmental and intracellular stress. Upon activation, the p38 kinase phosphorylates downstream effectors, which control the inflammatory response and coordinate fundamental cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Dysregulation of this signaling pathway has been linked to inflammatory diseases and cancer. Secretion of glucocorticoids (GCs) is a classical endocrine response to stress. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is the primary effector of GCs and plays an important role in the regulation of cell metabolism and immune response by influencing gene expression in response to hormone-dependent activation. Its ligands, the GCs or steroids, in natural or synthetic variation, are used as standard therapy for anti-inflammatory treatment, severe asthma, autoimmune diseases, and several types of cancer. Several years ago, the GR was identified as one of the downstream targets of p38, and, at the same time, it was shown that glucocorticoids could influence p38 signaling. In this review, we discuss the role of the crosstalk between the p38 and GR in the regulation of gene expression in response to steroids and comprehend the importance and potential of this interplay in future clinical applications.
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Ma X, Yan W, He N. Lidocaine attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation‑induced inflammation, apoptosis and ferroptosis in lung epithelial cells by regulating the p38 MAPK pathway. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:150. [PMID: 35244190 PMCID: PMC8941375 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury poses a serious threat to human health, worldwide. The current study aimed to determine the role of lidocaine in A549 cells, in addition to the involvement of the p38 MAPK pathway. Oxygen deprivation/reoxygenation-induced A549 cells were utilized to simulate I/R injury in vitro. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected using MTT and TUNEL assays, respectively. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using corresponding commercial kits. The corresponding protein expression levels were also measured using western blotting. Moreover, a monolayer cell paracellular permeability assay was performed to determine the permeability of A549 cells. The results demonstrated that, whilst lidocaine had no influence on untreated A549 cells, it significantly increased the viability of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced A549 cells. A549 cell apoptosis and the release of inflammatory cytokines in the H/R group were decreased after the addition of lidocaine. When compared with the H/R group, increased MDA level and decreased SOD level were observed in H/R-induced A549 cells following lidocaine treatment. In addition, the permeability of H/R-induced A549 cells was markedly decreased following lidocaine treatment. Compared with the H/R group, the expression levels of tight junction and ferroptosis-related proteins were significantly upregulated by lidocaine, whereas the expression of transferrin was downregulated. However, p79350, an agonist of p38, reversed the effects of lidocaine on H/R-induced A549 cells. In conclusion, lidocaine exerted a protective role in HR-induced lung epithelial cell injury, which may serve as a potential agent for the treatment of patients with lung I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Yan
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Na He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010000, P.R. China
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Ramser A, Dridi S. Avian Orexin: Feed Intake Regulator or Something Else? Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9030112. [PMID: 35324840 PMCID: PMC8950792 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Originally named for its expression in the posterior hypothalamus in rats and after the Greek word for “appetite”, hypocretin, or orexin, as it is known today, gained notoriety as a neuropeptide regulating feeding behavior, energy homeostasis, and sleep. Orexin has been proven to be involved in both central and peripheral control of neuroendocrine functions, energy balance, and metabolism. Since its discovery, its ability to increase appetite as well as regulate feeding behavior has been widely explored in mammalian food production animals such as cattle, pigs, and sheep. It is also linked to neurological disorders, leading to its intensive investigation in humans regarding narcolepsy, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease. However, in non-mammalian species, research is limited. In the case of avian species, orexin has been shown to have no central effect on feed-intake, however it was found to be involved in muscle energy metabolism and hepatic lipogenesis. This review provides current knowledge and summarizes orexin’s physiological roles in livestock and pinpoints the present lacuna to facilitate further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Ramser
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Sami Dridi
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(479)-575-2583; Fax: +1-(479)-575-7139
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Zhang C, Guo W, Yao X, Xia J, Zhang Z, Li J, Chen H, Lin L. Database mining and animal experiment-based validation of the efficacy and mechanism of Radix Astragali (Huangqi) and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Baizhu) as core drugs of Traditional Chinese medicine in cancer-related fatigue. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114892. [PMID: 34883219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In China, Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is often used as the main therapy for cancer-related fatigue (CRF). However, there is limited evidence to prove its therapeutic effect and mechanism. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to provide a basis for the therapeutic effect of TCM for CRF. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of TCM treatment for CRF. Through frequency statistics and association rule mining, we screened the core Chinese medicine components, Astragalus mongholicus Bunge., root (Radix astragali, Huangqi) and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., rhizome (Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, Baizhu). We then used animal experiments to verify the effectiveness of these two TCMs and changes in related indicators in mice. Relevant molecular mechanisms were explored through network pharmacological analysis. RESULTS Twenty-four randomised control trials (RCTs) involving 1865 patients were included in the meta-analysis. TCM produced more positive effects on CRF than standard therapy alone. Radix astragali and Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, as the core drug pair for the treatment of CRF, enhanced the physical fitness of mice; reduced abdominal circumference, level of inflammatory factors, and tumour weight; and increased body weight and blood sugar. Network pharmacology analysis showed that the mechanism of action of Radix astragali and Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae on CRF mainly involved compounds, such as quercetin, kaempferol and luteolin, acting through multiple targets, such as Protein kinase B α (AKT1), Tumour necrosis factor (TNF), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). These molecules regulate cytokines, cancer signalling, and metabolic pathways and confer an anti-CRF effect. CONCLUSIONS TCM may be a promising therapy to relieve CRF in cancer patients. Our research may provide a reference for the clinical application of TCM for treating CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Wei Guo
- The First Hospital Affiliated of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiaohui Yao
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Jiangnan Xia
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Zexin Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jing Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Hanrui Chen
- The First Hospital Affiliated of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Lizhu Lin
- The First Hospital Affiliated of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Wen S, Li C, Zhan X. Muti-omics integration analysis revealed molecular network alterations in human nonfunctional pituitary neuroendocrine tumors in the framework of 3P medicine. EPMA J 2022; 13:9-37. [PMID: 35273657 PMCID: PMC8897533 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-022-00274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonfuctional pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (NF-PitNET) is highly heterogeneous and generally considered a common intracranial tumor. A series of molecules are involved in NF-PitNET pathogenesis that alter in multiple levels of genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, and those molecules mutually interact to form dynamically associated molecular-network systems. This article reviewed signaling pathway alterations in NF-PitNET based on the analyses of the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, and emphasized signaling pathway network alterations based on the integrative omics, including calcium signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway, oxidative stress response, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell cycle dysregulation, and those signaling pathway networks are important for NF-PitNET formation and progression. Especially, this review article emphasized the altered signaling pathways and their key molecules related to NF-PitNET invasiveness and aggressiveness that are challenging clinical problems. Furthermore, the currently used medication and potential therapeutic agents that target these important signaling pathway networks are also summarized. These signaling pathway network changes offer important resources for insights into molecular mechanisms, discovery of effective biomarkers, and therapeutic targets for patient stratification, predictive diagnosis, prognostic assessment, and targeted therapy of NF-PitNET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China ,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunling Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China ,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People’s Republic of China ,Gastroenterology Research Institute and Clinical Center, Shandong First Medical University, 38 Wuying Shan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250031 People’s Republic of China
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Ha S, Vetrivel P, Kim S, Bhosale P, Kim H, Pak J, Heo J, Kim Y, Kim G. Inhibitory effect of membrane‑free stem cell components derived from adipose tissues on skin inflammation in keratinocytes. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:125. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ha
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam‑do 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Preethi Vetrivel
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam‑do 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam‑do 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Pritam Bhosale
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam‑do 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam‑do 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pak
- T‑Stem Co., Ltd., Changwon, Gyeongsangnam‑do 51573, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Heo
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science and Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju, Gyeongsangnam‑do 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kim
- T‑Stem Co., Ltd., Changwon, Gyeongsangnam‑do 51573, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam‑do 52828, Republic of Korea
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Xia J, Chen S, Li Y, Li H, Gan M, Wu J, Prohaska CC, Bai Y, Gao L, Gu L, Zhang D. Immune Response Is Key to Genetic Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Infection With Psychiatric Disorders Based on Differential Gene Expression Pattern Analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:798538. [PMID: 35185890 PMCID: PMC8854505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.798538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing evidence demonstrates that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) leads to psychiatric illness, despite its main clinical manifestations affecting the respiratory system. People with mental disorders are more susceptible to COVID-19 than individuals without coexisting mental health disorders, with significantly higher rates of severe illness and mortality in this population. The incidence of new psychiatric diagnoses after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is also remarkably high. SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to use angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) as a receptor for infecting susceptible cells and is expressed in various tissues, including brain tissue. Thus, there is an urgent need to investigate the mechanism linking psychiatric disorders to COVID-19. Using a data set of peripheral blood cells from patients with COVID-19, we compared this to data sets of whole blood collected from patients with psychiatric disorders and used bioinformatics and systems biology approaches to identify genetic links. We found a large number of overlapping immune-related genes between patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and differentially expressed genes of bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SZ), and late-onset major depressive disorder (LOD). Many pathways closely related to inflammatory responses, such as MAPK, PPAR, and TGF-β signaling pathways, were observed by enrichment analysis of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We also performed a comprehensive analysis of protein-protein interaction network and gene regulation networks. Chemical-protein interaction networks and drug prediction were used to screen potential pharmacologic therapies. We hope that by elucidating the relationship between the pathogenetic processes and genetic mechanisms of infection with SARS-CoV-2 with psychiatric disorders, it will lead to innovative strategies for future research and treatment of psychiatric disorders linked to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuhan Chen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Minghong Gan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiashuo Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Clare Colette Prohaska
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongfang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Yu G, Yu H, Yang Q, Wang J, Fan H, Liu G, Wang L, Bello BK, Zhao P, Zhang H, Dong J. Vibrio harveyi infections induce production of proinflammatory cytokines in murine peritoneal macrophages via activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways, but reversed by PI3K/AKT pathways. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:104292. [PMID: 34656643 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is a zoonotic pathogen that can infect humans through wounds and cause severe inflammatory responses. Previous studies have reported that the Toll like receptors (TLR) mediated MAPK, AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways are involved in innate immune system resistance to pathogen invasion. However, the molecular mechanism of these pathways, as well as their involvement in V. harveyi infection remains elusive. This study established a V. harveyi infection model using murine peritoneal macrophages (PMs). Various techniques, including western blotting, ELISA, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, inhibition assays, were used to explore the roles of TLRs, MAPK, AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways in V. harveyi-induced inflammatory responses. ELISA assays showed that V. harveyi infection triggered proinflammatory cytokines secretion in PMs. RT-qPCR and inhibition assays showed that TLR2 participated in V. harveyi infection and up-regulated the proinflammatory cytokines secretion in murine PMs. Western blotting data showed that the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, AKT, and NF-κB p65 were significantly increased partly mediated by TLR2. In addition, immunofluorescence assays revealed that the NF-κB p65 translocated into nucleus in response to V. harveyi infection. The secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α were considerably reduced when the p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways were blocked, whereas blocking of AKT significantly increased the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α. These findings indicate that V. harveyi infection induces inflammatory responses in murine PMs via activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways, which are partly mediated by TLR2, but are inhibited by PI3K/AKT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guili Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Qiankun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Department of Vascular Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | | | - Panpan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, PR China.
| | - Honggang Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222002, China.
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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Abstract
Abstract
Viruses completely rely on the energy and metabolic systems of host cells for life activities. Viral infections usually lead to cytopathic effects and host diseases. To date, there are still no specific clinical vaccines or drugs against most viral infections. Therefore, understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of viral infections is of great significance to prevent and treat viral diseases. A variety of viral infections are related to the p38 MAPK signalling pathway, and p38 is an important host factor in virus-infected cells. Here, we introduce the different signalling pathways of p38 activation and then summarise how different viruses induce p38 phosphorylation. Finally, we provide a general summary of the effect of p38 activation on virus replication. Our review provides integrated data on p38 activation and viral infections and describes the potential application of targeting p38 as an antiviral strategy.
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TIMP-2 regulates 5-Fu resistance via the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:297-315. [PMID: 35022331 PMCID: PMC8791226 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is the first-line chemotherapeutic option for colorectal cancer. However, its efficacy is inhibited by drug resistance. Cytokines play an important role in tumor drug resistance, even though their mechanisms are largely unknown. Using a cytokine array, we established that tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) is highly expressed in 5-Fu resistant colorectal cancer patients. Analysis of samples from 84 patients showed that elevated TIMP-2 expression levels in colorectal patients were correlated with poor prognostic outcomes. In a 5-Fu-resistant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, TIMP-2 was also found to be highly expressed. We established an autocrine mechanism through which elevated TIMP-2 protein levels sustained colorectal cancer cell resistance to 5-Fu by constitutively activating the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway. Inhibition of TIMP-2 using an anti-TIMP-2 antibody or ERK/MAPK inhibition by U0126 suppressed TIMP-2 mediated 5-Fu-resistance in CRC patients. In conclusion, a novel TIMP-2-ERK/MAPK mediated 5-Fu resistance mechanism is involved in colorectal cancer. Therefore, targeting TIMP-2 or ERK/MAPK may provide a new strategy to overcome 5-Fu resistance in colorectal cancer chemotherapy.
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A novel nordihydroguaiaretic acid analog, compound 3a, alleviates acute lung injury by exerting antiapoptotic and antiinflammatory effects. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Wang K, Lu X, Li X, Zhang Y, Xu R, Lou Y, Wang Y, Zhang T, Qian Y. Dual protective role of velutin against articular cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone loss via the p38 signaling pathway in murine osteoarthritis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:926934. [PMID: 35937813 PMCID: PMC9354239 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.926934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint condition associated with inflammation and characterized by progressive degradation of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone loss in the early stages. Inflammation is closely associated with these two major pathophysiological changes in OA. Velutin, a flavonoid family member, reportedly exerts anti-inflammatory effects. However, the therapeutic effects of velutin in OA have not yet been characterized. In this study, we explore the effects of velutin in an OA mouse model. Histological staining and micro-CT revealed that velutin had a protective effect against cartilage degradation and subchondral bone loss in an OA mouse model generated by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). Additionally, velutin rescued IL-1β-induced inflammation in chondrocytes and inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vitro. Mechanistically, the p38 signaling pathway was found to be implicated in the inhibitory effects of velutin. Our study reveals the dual protective effects of velutin against cartilage degradation and subchondral bone loss by inhibiting the p38 signaling pathway, thereby highlighting velutin as an alternative treatment for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuanyuan Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rongjian Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yun Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Yanben Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Qian,
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To Predict Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Targets of Guizhi Decoction in Treating Asthma Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Validation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9033842. [PMID: 34966437 PMCID: PMC8712140 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9033842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Asthma, characterized by the continuous inflammatory response caused by a variety of immune cells, is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases worldwide. Relevant clinical trials proved that the traditional Chinese medicine formula Guizhi Decoction (GZD) had multitarget and multichannel functions, which might be an effective drug for asthma. However, the effective ingredients and mechanisms of GZD against asthma are still unclear. Therefore, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and cell experiments were performed to explore the antiasthma effects and potential mechanisms of GZD. First, we applied the TCMSP database and literature to obtain the bioactivated ingredients in GZD. SwissTargetPrediction, TCMSP, GeneCards, OMIM, PharmGkb, TTD, DrugBank, and STRING database were used to get core genes. In addition, the key pathways were analyzed by the DAVID database. Molecular docking was used to predict whether the important components could act on the core target proteins directly. Finally, qPCR was carried out to verify the network pharmacology results and the possible mechanisms of GZD in the treatment of asthma. We collected 134 active ingredients in GZD, 959 drug targets, and 3223 disease targets. 431 intersection genes were screened for subsequent analysis. Through GO and KEGG analyses, enriched pathways related to inflammation and immune regulation were presented. Through the qPCR method to verify the role of essential genes, we found that GZD had an excellent anti-inflammatory effect. Direct or indirect inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB pathways might be one of the crucial mechanisms of GZD against asthma. GZD might be a promising potential drug for the treatment of asthma. This article provided a reference for the clinical application of GZD.
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118
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Diosmin Alleviates Doxorubicin-Induced Liver Injury via Modulation of Oxidative Stress-Mediated Hepatic Inflammation and Apoptosis via NfkB and MAPK Pathway: A Preclinical Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121998. [PMID: 34943101 PMCID: PMC8698866 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity caused by chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., doxorubicin) is of critical concern in cancer therapy. This study focused on investigating the modulatory effects of diosmin against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group I was served as control, Group II was treated with doxorubicin (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p.), Group III was treated with a combination of doxorubicin and low-dose diosmin (100 mg/kg orally), and Group IV was treated with a combination of doxorubicin and high-dose diosmin (200 mg/kg orally) supplementation. A single dose of doxorubicin (i.p.) caused hepatic impairment, as shown by increases in the concentrations of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Doxorubicin produced histological abnormalities in the liver. In addition, a single injection of doxorubicin increased lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Importantly, pre-treatment with diosmin restored hepatic antioxidant factors and serum enzymatic activities and reduced the inflammatory and apoptotic-mediated proteins and genes. These findings demonstrate that diosmin has a protective effect against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity.
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119
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Deng Y, Tong J, Shi W, Tian Z, Yu B, Tang J. Thromboangiitis obliterans plasma-derived exosomal miR-223-5p inhibits cell viability and promotes cell apoptosis of human vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting VCAM1. Ann Med 2021; 53:1129-1141. [PMID: 34259105 PMCID: PMC8281010 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1949487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Exosomes-encapsulated microRNAs (miRNAs) have been established to be implicated in the pathogenesis of different diseases. Nevertheless, circulating exosomal miRNAs of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the effects of exosomal miRNAs associated with TAO on human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs).Methods: The exosomes were isolated from the plasma of TAO patients and normal controls and then were sent for small RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were identified by bioinformatics analysis and were confirmed by RT-qPCR. After that, PKH67 staining was used to label exosomes and co-cultured with HVSMCs. Cell viability and apoptosis were, respectively, tested by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. Finally, dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the downstream targets of miR-223-5p.Results: A total of 39 DE-miRNAs were identified between TAO patients and normal controls, of which, miR-223-5p was one of the most significantly up-regulated miRNAs. TAO plasma-derived exosomes or miR-223-5p mimics inhibited cell viability of HVSMCs and promoted cell apoptosis. The pro-apoptotic effect of TAO plasma-derived exosomes was alleviated by miR-223-5p inhibitor. Additionally, the expressions of VCAM1 and IGF1R were down-regulated by exosomes and miR-223-5p mimics, and were abrogated by miR-223-5p inhibitor. Dual-luciferase report showed that VCAM1 was the target of miR-223-5p.Conclusions: Our findings imply that circulating exosomal miR-223-5p may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of TAO, and provide a basis for miR-6515-5p/VCAM1 as novel therapeutic targets and pathways for TAO treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Deng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jindong Tong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijun Shi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongyi Tian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingdong Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Li S, Xu X, Wei L, Wang L, Lv Q. Acacetin Alleviates Listeria monocytogenes Virulence Both In Vitro and In Vivo via the Inhibition of Listeriolysin O. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2021; 19:115-125. [PMID: 34809484 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2021.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous Gram-positive foodborne pathogen that is responsible for listeriosis in both humans and several animal species. The bacterium secretes a pore-forming cholesterol-dependent cytolysin, listeriolysin O (LLO), a major virulence factor involved in the activation of cellular processes. The ability of LLO to lyse erythrocytes is a measure of LLO activity. We used hemolytic activity assay to screen the LLO inhibitors. Acacetin was found to be an LLO inhibitor, which is a di-hydroxy and mono-methoxy flavone present in various plants, including Black locust, Damiana, and Silver birch. As the features of acacetin are of low toxicity and have less acquired resistance, it comes to a hotspot in drug development. In our study, we report that acacetin antagonized the hemolytic activity of L. monocytogenes culture supernatants and purified LLO by directly interfering with the formation of oligomers without inhibiting the bacterial growth and the expression of LLO. Acacetin also relieved the injury of alveolar epithelial cells by inhibiting LLO activity. Further, acacetin significantly promoted the clearance of L. monocytogenes and alleviated the histopathological damage, thereby raising survival rate, which conferred mice with effective protection against L. monocytogenes infection. Using molecular docking and dynamics simulation, we further proved the mechanism of acacetin antagonizing LLO pore-forming activity by direct binding to the second membrane-inserting helix bundle (HB2) of LLO domain 3. These data suggested that acacetin recedes the virulence of L. monocytogenes both in vivo and in vitro, and this study provided a promising candidate and potential alternative for the prevention and treatment of L. monocytogenes infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangzhu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Laigang Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qianghua Lv
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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121
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Gao Y, Duan F, Chang J, Meng X, Ruan H. Resorcylic acid lactones from a Podospora sp. that induce apoptosis in activated T cells through MAPKs/AKT pathway. Bioorg Chem 2021; 118:105482. [PMID: 34801946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Podomycins A-L (1-12), 12 undescribed hypothemycin-type resorcylic acid lactones (RALs), were characterized from Podospora sp. G214, an endophyte harbored in the roots of Sanguisorba officinalis L. Their structures were addressed by spectroscopic data, X-ray crystallography, the modified Mosher's method, together with Mo2(OAc)4- and Rh2(OCOCF3)4-induced electronic circular dichroism (ICD) experiments. Podomycins A-C (1-3) represent the first class of natural RALs with a 13-membered macrolactone ring, while 4-12 are rearranged methoxycarbonyl substituted RALs. Biologically, compounds 2, 6, 8, 10, and 12 displayed immunosuppressive activities against T cell proliferation with IC50 values of 14.5-21.9 μM, and B cell proliferation with IC50 values of 22.3-36.5 μM, respectively. Further mechanism of action research demonstrated that podomycin F (6) distinctly induced apoptosis in activated T cells via MAPKs/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinling Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianggao Meng
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanli Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Elaidic acid induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation via ERS-MAPK signaling pathways in Kupffer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1867:159061. [PMID: 34610469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Trans fatty acids (TFA) in food can cause liver inflammation. Activation of NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a key factor in the regulation of inflammation. Accumulating evidence suggests that ERS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation underlies the pathological basis of various inflammatory diseases, but the precise mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this paper focused on TFA, represented by elaidic acid (EA), to investigate the mechanism of liver inflammation. Levels of mRNA and protein were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, the release of proinflammatory cytokines was measured by ELISA, and intracellular Ca2+ levels were determined by flow cytometer using Fluo 4-AM fluorescent probes. Our research indicated that EA induced the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) response in Kupffer cells (KCs), accompanied by the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, which resulted in NLRP3 inflammasome formation, and eventually increased the release of inflammatory factors. NLRP3 inflammasome activation was inhibited when KCs were pretreated with ERS inhibitors (4-PBA) and MAPK selective inhibitors. Furthermore, when ERS was blocked, the MAPK pathway was inhibited.
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123
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Lin R, Li X, Wu S, Qian S, Hou H, Dong M, Zhang X, Zhang M. Suppression of latent transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-binding protein 1 (LTBP1) inhibits natural killer/ T cell lymphoma progression by inactivating the TGF-β/Smad and p38 MAPK pathways. Exp Cell Res 2021; 407:112790. [PMID: 34418460 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a distinct subtype of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with highly aggressive clinical behavior. We aim to investigate the function of Latent transforming growth factor β binding protein 1 (LTBP1) and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) and complex molecular pathogenesis of this disease. METHODS NKTCL patients and reactive lymph nodes patients were recruited in this study. The expression of LTBP1 and TGF-β1 was examined using qRT-PCR, Western blot, IHC and ELISA analyses in biopsied tissues and serum from participants and NKTCL cell lines. Cell proliferation was determined using CFSE. Cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated using flow cytometric analyses. The expression of Ki-67, CDK4 and cyclinD1 proteins was measured using Western blot analyses. The roles of LTBP-1/TGF-β1 in EMT program were determined by measuring E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin using Western blot analyses. The effects of LTBP-1 and TGF-β1 on tumor progression in vivo were determined by animal experiments. RESULTS LTBP-1 and TGF-β1 levels were elevated in NKTCL tissues and serum. The expression of LTBP-1 was positively correlated with the expression of TGF-β1 in NKTCL tissues. LTBP-1 was overexpressed in NKTCL cells. Knockdown of LTBP-1 suppressed cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, induced cell apoptosis, and suppressed EMT program in NKTCL cells. These effects of LTBP-1 knockdown were attenuated after TGF-β1 stimulation. Knockdown of LTBP-1 inhibited NKTCL tumor weight and volume in vivo. Also, stimulation of TGF-β1 attenuated the suppressive effects on tumor growth from sh-LTBP-1. Silencing of LTBP-1 lowered cellular TGF-β1, phosphorylated-Smad2, phosphorlyatd-Smad3, and phosphorylated-p38 and the suppressive effects were reversed after stimulation of TGF-β1. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that inhibition of LTBP-1/TGF-β1 suppressed the malignant phenotypes of NKTCL cells and tumor growth via inactivating the canonical TGF-β/Smad signaling and p38MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Shaoxuan Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Siyu Qian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Huting Hou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Meng Dong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China.
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China.
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The Disruption of the Endothelial Barrier Contributes to Acute Lung Injury Induced by Coxsackievirus A2 Infection in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189895. [PMID: 34576058 PMCID: PMC8467819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporadic occurrences and outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by Coxsackievirus A2 (CVA2) have frequently reported worldwide recently, which pose a great challenge to public health. Epidemiological studies have suggested that the main cause of death in critical patients is pulmonary edema. However, the pathogenesis of this underlying comorbidity remains unclear. In this study, we utilized the 5-day-old BALB/c mouse model of lethal CVA2 infection to evaluate lung damage. We found that the permeability of lung microvascular was significantly increased after CVA2 infection. We also observed the direct infection and apoptosis of lung endothelial cells as well as the destruction of tight junctions between endothelial cells. CVA2 infection led to the degradation of tight junction proteins (e.g., ZO-1, claudin-5, and occludin). The gene transcription levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), endothelin (ET), thrombomodulin (THBD), granular membrane protein 140 (GMP140), and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) related to endothelial dysfunction were all significantly increased. Additionally, CVA2 infection induced the increased expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1) and the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In conclusion, the disruption of the endothelial barrier contributes to acute lung injury induced by CVA2 infection; targeting p38-MAPK signaling may provide a therapeutic approach for pulmonary edema in critical infections of HFMD.
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Wladis EJ, Adam AP. Immune signaling in rosacea. Ocul Surf 2021; 22:224-229. [PMID: 34481075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rosacea is a common chronic skin disease affecting mostly people aged 40 and above, with currently no cure. When it affects the eyelids and periocular skin, it leads to dry eye and potentially corneal damage. Research performed over the last decade shed light into the potential mechanisms leading to skin hypersensitivity and provided promising avenues for development of novel, rational therapeutics aimed at reducing the skin inflammatory state. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the mechanisms of rosacea in general and of periocular skin-affecting disease in particular, identify key questions that remain to be answered in future research, and offer a disease model that can explain the key characteristics of this disease, with particular emphasis on a potential positive feedback loop that could explain both the acute and chronic features of rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Wladis
- Lions Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, 1220 New Scotland Rd, Suite 302, Slingerlands, NY, 12159, United States.
| | - Alejandro P Adam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, United States
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126
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Budgude P, Kale V, Vaidya A. Pharmacological Inhibition of p38 MAPK Rejuvenates Bone Marrow Derived-Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Boosts their Hematopoietic Stem Cell-Supportive Ability. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:2210-2222. [PMID: 34420158 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic value of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for various regenerative medicine applications, including hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT), has been well-established. Owing to their small numbers in vivo, it becomes necessary to expand them in vitro, which leads to a gradual loss of their regenerative capacity. Stress-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 (p38 MAPK) signaling has been shown to compromise the MSC functions. Therefore, we investigated whether pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK signaling rejuvenates the cultured MSCs and boosts their functionality. Indeed, we found that the ex vivo expanded MSCs show activated p38 MAPK signaling and exhibit increased oxidative stress. These MSCs show a decreased ability to secrete salutary niche factors, thereby compromising their ability to support hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation. We, therefore, attempted to rejuvenate the cultured MSCs by pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK - a strategy broadly known as "priming of MSCs". We demonstrate that priming of MSCs with a p-38 MAPK inhibitor, PD169316, boosts their niche-supportive functions via upregulation of various HSC-supportive transcription factors. These primed MSCs expand multipotent HSCs having superior homing and long-term reconstitution ability. These findings shed light on the significance of non-cell-autonomous mechanisms operative in the hematopoietic niche and point towards the possible use of pharmacological compounds for rejuvenation of ex vivo cultured MSCs. Such approaches could improve the outcome of regenerative therapies involving in vitro cultured MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Budgude
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Gram: Lavale, Taluka: Mulshi, Pune, 412115, India.,Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Gram: Lavale, Taluka: Mulshi, Pune, 412115, India
| | - Vaijayanti Kale
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Gram: Lavale, Taluka: Mulshi, Pune, 412115, India
| | - Anuradha Vaidya
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Gram: Lavale, Taluka: Mulshi, Pune, 412115, India. .,Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Gram: Lavale, Taluka: Mulshi, Pune, 412115, India.
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Zhang M, Bai Y, Xu C, Qi Y, Meng J, Zhang W, Su H, Yan W. Blockage of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Exerts an Antitumor Effect via Regulating Energy Metabolism and Enhances the Efficacy of Autophagy Inhibitors by Regulating Transcription Factor EB Nuclear Translocation in Osteosarcoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:650846. [PMID: 34414176 PMCID: PMC8369911 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.650846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a valuable target molecule for cancer. However, antitumor drugs targeting ERK are still in their clinical phase and no FDA-approved medications exist. In this study, we identified an ERK inhibitor (ERKi; Vx-11e) with potential antitumor activities, which was reflected by the inhibition in the survival and proliferation of Osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Mechanistically, the ERKi regulated autophagic flux by promoting the translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB) in OS cells, thereby increasing the dependence of OS cells on autophagy and sensitivity to treatment with autophagy inhibitors in OS. Besides, we also found that the ERKi could regulate mitochondrial apoptosis through the ROS/mitochondria pathway and aerobic glycolysis in OS, which also increases the dependence of OS cells on autophagy to clear metabolites to a certain extent. These results may provide a reference for the clinically improved efficacy of ERKis in combination with autophagy inhibitors in the treatment of OS and indicate its potential as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Bai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiying Qi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahong Meng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenkan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Su
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqi Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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128
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Patient-specific iPSC-derived endothelial cells reveal aberrant p38 MAPK signaling in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:2305-2319. [PMID: 34388364 PMCID: PMC8452517 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Existing evidence suggests that the central pathogenesis to aHUS might be endothelial cell damage. Nevertheless, the role of endothelial cell alterations in aHUS has not been well characterized and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Utilizing an induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cell (iPSC-EC) model, we showed that anti-complement factor H autoantibody-associated aHUS patient-specific iPSC-ECs exhibited an intrinsic defect in endothelial functions. Stimulation using aHUS serums exacerbated endothelial dysfunctions, leading to cell apoptosis in iPSC-ECs. Importantly, we identified p38 as a novel signaling pathway contributing to endothelial dysfunctions in aHUS. These results illustrate that iPSC-ECs can be a reliable model to recapitulate EC pathological features, thus providing a unique platform for gaining mechanistic insights into EC injury in aHUS. Our findings highlight that the p38 MAPK signaling pathway can be a therapeutic target for treatment of aHUS. aHUS patient-specific iPSC-ECs exhibit intrinsic defect in endothelial functions Stimulation using aHUS serums exacerbates EC dysfunctions and causes EC apoptosis p38 signaling contributes to EC dysfunctions in anti-CFH Ab-associated aHUS
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Ma L, Wu F, Shao Q, Chen G, Xu L, Lu F. Baicalin Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Diabetic Nephropathy via Nrf2 and MAPK Signaling Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:3207-3221. [PMID: 34321869 PMCID: PMC8313380 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s319260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress and inflammation play essential roles in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Baicalin (BAI), a natural flavonoid, has been showed to have a renoprotective effect in various renal diseases. However, its underlying mechanisms in DN remain unclear. In this study, we explored the potential effects and underlying mechanisms of BAI on DN using a spontaneous DN model. Methods The protective effects of BAI on DN have been evaluated by detecting DN-related biochemical indicators, kidney histopathology and cell apoptosis. After that, we examined the level of renal oxidative stress and inflammation to explain BAI’s renoprotective effects. Then, Nrf2 pathway was tested to clarify its antioxidant activity, and kidney transcriptomics was conducted to elucidate its anti-inflammatory activity. Finally, Western blot was applied for final mechanism verification. Results Our results found that BAI effectively ameliorated diabetic conditions, proteinuria, renal histopathological changes and cell apoptosis in DN. BAI significantly improved the kidney levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Meanwhile, the infiltration of inflammatory cells including T-lymphocytes, T-helper cells, neutrophils and macrophages, and the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1 and TNFα) were also obviously inhibited by BAI. Afterward, Western blot found that BAI significantly activated Nrf2 signaling and increased the expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes (HO-1, NQO-1). Kidney transcriptomics revealed that the inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway may contribute to BAI’s anti-inflammatory activity, which has also been verified in later experiment. BAI treatment did obviously inhibit the activation of canonical pro-inflammatory signaling pathway MAPK family, such as Erk1/2, JNK and P38. Conclusion In summary, our data demonstrated that BAI can treat DN by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation, and its underlying mechanisms were associated with the activation of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant signaling pathway and the inhibition of MAPK-mediated inflammatory signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyi Ma
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Shao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuer Lu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
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Chen W, Wang Y, Zhou T, Xu Y, Zhan J, Wu J. CXCL13 Is Involved in the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hyperpermeability of Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Inflammation 2021; 43:1789-1796. [PMID: 32500306 PMCID: PMC7476967 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a disease that is characterized by a severe systemic inflammatory response to microbial infection and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and is a well-known inducer of sepsis, as well as endothelial cell hyperpermeability. In the present study, we confirm the elevation of CXC chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) in sepsis patients. We also show that LPS exposure increases the release of CXCL13, as well as the mRNA and protein expression of CXCL13 and its receptor, CXC chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We also examined the effects of CXCL13 knockdown on LPS-mediated endothelial hyperpermeability and tight junction (TJ) protein expression in HUVECs. Our results show that HUVECs exposed to LPS result in a significant decrease in transendothelial electrical resistance (TER) and TJ protein (Zonula occluden-1, occludin, and claudin-4) expression, and a notable increase in fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran flux and p38 phosphorylation, which was partially reversed by CXCL13 knockdown. Recombinant CXCL13 treatment had a similar effect as LPS exposure, which was attenuated by a p38 inhibitor, SB203580. Moreover, the CXCL13-neutralizing antibody significantly increased the survival rate of LPS-induced sepsis mice. Collectively, our results show that CXCL13 plays a key role in LPS-induced endothelium hyperpermeability via regulating p38 signaling and suggests that therapeutically targeting CXCL13 may be beneficial for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Department of General Practice, Hangzhou First People's Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Emergency, Hangzhou First People's Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Hangzhou First People's Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuansheng Xu
- Department of Emergency, Hangzhou First People's Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianwei Zhan
- Department of Emergency, Hangzhou First People's Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhong Wu
- Department of Emergency, Hangzhou First People's Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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131
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Zhang W, Chai X, Li X, Tan X, Yang Z. Legumain knockout improves repeated corticosterone injection-induced depression-like emotional and cognitive deficits. Behav Brain Res 2021; 413:113464. [PMID: 34265317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Emotional and cognitive impairment has been recognized as a central feature of depression, which is closely related to hyperfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis caused by down-regulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in patients. A decrease in GR expression can cause pathological changes and lead to the impairment of synaptic plasticity. Legumain, a lysosomal cysteine protease, plays an important role in neurological diseases. It is reported that legumain activates the MAPK signaling pathway, which modifies the GR. Therefore, we hypothesize that regulation of the GR by legumain plays a crucial role in the pathological process of depression. The relationships between legumain, GR, synaptic plasticity and emotional and cognitive deficits were explored in this study. The results demonstrated that repeated corticosterone (CORT) injections (3 weeks) induced emotional and cognitive deficits in mice, based on behavioral experiments and the detection of synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, CORT injections decreased the expression of hippocampal synapse-related proteins, cell density and dendritic spine density in the hippocampus, accompanied by increased protein expression in the MAPK signaling pathway and decreased expression of the GR. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that legumain knockout up-regulated expression of the GR by reducing protein expression in the MAPK signaling pathway, thereby improving hippocampal synaptic plasticity as well as the emotional and cognitive impairment of model mice. This suggests that legumain may be an effective therapeutic target for emotional and cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Zhang
- Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xueqing Chai
- Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyue Tan
- Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Machado TR, Machado TR, Pascutti PG. The p38 MAPK Inhibitors and Their Role in Inflammatory Diseases. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thamires R. Machado
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Dynamics Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), CCS, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Thayná R. Machado
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and QSAR (ModMolQSAR) Faculty of Pharmacy Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Pedro G. Pascutti
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Dynamics Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), CCS, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
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Zhao Y, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhu X, Wang K, Li Y, Zhou F. Ginkgolide J protects human synovial cells SW982 via suppression of p38‑dependent production of pro‑inflammatory mediators. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:555. [PMID: 34080024 PMCID: PMC8188640 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in the synovial lining play a key role in the pathological process of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which produce pro-inflammatory mediators to perpetuate inflammation and proteases to contribute to cartilage destruction. Ginkgolide J (GJ) is a subclass of ginkgolides (GGs) that exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, the protective effect of GJ on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human synovial cells SW982 and its related mechanisms were investigated using various methods, including ELISA, Griess assay, western blotting, immunofluorescence analysis and p38 kinase activity assay. The results revealed that GJ pretreatment significantly attenuated LPS-induced excess production of pro-inflammatory mediators in SW982 cells via suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α/interleukin (IL)-1β/IL-18/NF-κB/NLR family pyrin domain containing 3, prostaglandin E2/cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide signaling. Mechanistic studies revealed that p38 activation contributed to the LPS-induced inflammatory response, and GJ pretreatment dose-dependently attenuated p38 activation, indicating that the suppressive effect of GJ was achieved by targeting p38 signaling. These findings may contribute to the prevention and treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R. China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Fanfan Zhou
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Multilevel proteomics reveals host perturbations by SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Nature 2021; 594:246-252. [PMID: 33845483 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and global spread of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in the urgent need for an in-depth understanding of molecular functions of viral proteins and their interactions with the host proteome. Several individual omics studies have extended our knowledge of COVID-19 pathophysiology1-10. Integration of such datasets to obtain a holistic view of virus-host interactions and to define the pathogenic properties of SARS-CoV-2 is limited by the heterogeneity of the experimental systems. Here we report a concurrent multi-omics study of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Using state-of-the-art proteomics, we profiled the interactomes of both viruses, as well as their influence on the transcriptome, proteome, ubiquitinome and phosphoproteome of a lung-derived human cell line. Projecting these data onto the global network of cellular interactions revealed crosstalk between the perturbations taking place upon infection with SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV at different levels and enabled identification of distinct and common molecular mechanisms of these closely related coronaviruses. The TGF-β pathway, known for its involvement in tissue fibrosis, was specifically dysregulated by SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 and autophagy was specifically dysregulated by SARS-CoV-2 ORF3. The extensive dataset (available at https://covinet.innatelab.org ) highlights many hotspots that could be targeted by existing drugs and may be used to guide rational design of virus- and host-directed therapies, which we exemplify by identifying inhibitors of kinases and matrix metalloproteases with potent antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2.
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Li QZ, Chen X, Mao PW, Jin MY, Wu Q, Zhou XW. N-Glycosylated Ganoderma lucidum immunomodulatory protein improved anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway. Food Funct 2021; 12:3393-3404. [PMID: 33900328 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00178g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The global health emergency generated by coronavirus disease-2019 has prompted the search for immunomodulatory agents. There are many potential natural products for drug discovery and development to tackle this disease. One of these candidates is the Ganoderma lucidum fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP-glu). In the present study, we clarify the influences of N-linked glycans on the improvement of anti-inflammatory activity and the potential mechanisms of action. Four proteins, including FIP-glu (WT) and its mutants N31S, T36N and N31S/T36N, were successfully expressed in P. pastoris, of which T36N and N31S/T36N were glycoproteins. After treatment with peptide-N-glycosidase F, the results of SDS-PAGE and Western blot showed that the glycan moiety was removed completely, indicating that the glycan moiety was N-linked. This was also demonstrated by UPLC-qTOF-MS. The cytotoxicity assay showed that N-linked glycans decreased the cytotoxicity of WT; while, the RT-qPCR assay showed that N-glycosylated WT regulated the mRNA expression of IL-6 and TGF-β1. The Western blot results showed that N-glycosylated WT reduced the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK. In conclusion, our findings revealed a novel mechanism by which N-glycosylation of FIP-glu improved its anti-inflammatory activity through the regulation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 via inhibition of p38 MAPK phosphorylation. It was proved that N-glycosylation significantly improved the functional properties of FIP-glu, providing theoretical and technical support for expanding the application of FIPs in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Zhang Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China. and National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Pei-Wen Mao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Meng-Yuan Jin
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Qin Wu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Xuan-Wei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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Liu Y, Chang J, Yang C, Zhang T, Chen X, Shi R, Liang Y, Xia Q, Ma S. Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening in Bombyx mori reveals the toxicological mechanisms of environmental pollutants, fluoride and cadmium. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 410:124666. [PMID: 33279320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride and cadmium, two typical environmental pollutants, have been extensively existed in the ecosystem and severely injured various organisms including humans. To explore the toxicological properties and the toxicological mechanism of fluoride and cadmium in silkworm, we perform a CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) -based functional genomic screen, which can directly measure the genetic requirement of genes in response to the pollutants. Our screen identifies 751 NaF-resistance genes, 753 NaF-sensitive genes, 757 CdCl2-resistance genes, and 725 CdCl2-sensitive genes. The top-ranked resistant genes are experimentally verified and the results show that their loss conferred resistance to fluoride or cadmium. Functional analysis of the resistant- and sensitive-genes demonstrates enrichment of multiple signaling pathways, among which the MAPK signaling pathway and DNA damage and repair are both required for fluoride- or cadmium-induced cell death, whereas the Toll and Imd signaling pathway and Autophagy are fluoride- or cadmium-specific. Moreover, we confirm that these pathways are truly involved in the toxicological mechanism in both cultured cells and individual tissues. Our results supply potential targets for rescuing the biohazards of fluoride and cadmium in silkworm, and reveal the feasible toxicological mechanism, which highlights the role of functional genomic screens in elucidating the toxicity mechanisms of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jiasong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Chengfei Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaoxu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Run Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Sanyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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137
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Guo Y, Hu W, Wang X, Li C, Cui T, Liu R, He J, Yin C. PSD-95 protects the pancreas against pathological damage through p38 MAPK signaling pathway in acute pancreatitis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1473-1482. [PMID: 33794695 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211003293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is one of the leading causes of gastrointestinal disorder-related hospitalizations, yet its pathogenesis remains to be fully elucidated. Postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) is closely associated with tissue inflammation and injury. We aimed to investigate the expression of PSD-95 in pancreatic acinar cells, and its function in regulating the inflammatory response and pancreatic pathological damage in acute pancreatitis. A mouse model of edematous acute pancreatitis was induced with caerulein and lipopolysaccharide in C57BL/6 mice. Tat-N-dimer was injected to inhibit the PSD-95 activity separately, or simultaneously with SB203580, inhibitor of p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Rat pancreatic acinar cells AR42J were cultured with 1 μM caerulein to build a cell model of acute pancreatitis. PSD-95-knockdown and negative control cell lines were constructed by lentiviral transfection of AR42J cells. Paraffin-embedded pancreatic tissue samples were processed for routine HE staining to evaluate the pathological changes of human and mouse pancreatic tissues. Serum amylase and inflammatory cytokine levels were detected with specific ELISA kits. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical, Western-blot, and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression levels of PSD-95, p38, and phosphorylated p38. Our findings showed that PSD-95 is expressed in the pancreatic tissues of humans, C57BL/6 mice, and AR42J cells, primarily in the cytoplasm. PSD-95 expression increased at 2 h, reaching the peak at 6 h in mice and 12 h in AR42J cells. IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α increased within 2 h of disease induction. The pancreatic histopathologic score was greater in the PSD-95 inhibition group compared with the control (P < 0.05), while it was lesser when phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was inhibited compared with the PSD-95 inhibition group (P < 0.05). Moreover, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK increased statistically after PSD-95 knocked-down. In conclusion, PSD-95 effectively influences the pathological damage of the pancreas in acute pancreatitis by affecting the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Guo
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Weikai Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Xueyan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Chunyun Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Tianyu Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Junqi He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
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138
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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2,3,4-Triaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-ones as p38 MAPK Inhibitors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061745. [PMID: 33804659 PMCID: PMC8003627 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of azastilbene derivatives, characterized by the presence of the 1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-one system as a linker of the two aromatic rings of stilbenes, have been prepared as novel potential inhibitors of p38 MAPK. Biological assays indicated that some of the synthesized compounds are endowed with good inhibitory activity towards the kinase. Molecular modeling data support the biological results showing that the designed compounds possess a reasonable binding mode in the ATP binding pocket of p38α kinase with a good binding affinity.
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139
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Pennanen P, Kallionpää RA, Peltonen S, Nissinen L, Kähäri VM, Heervä E, Peltonen J. Signaling pathways in human osteoclasts differentiation: ERK1/2 as a key player. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1243-1254. [PMID: 33486672 PMCID: PMC7925492 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the signaling pathways involved in the differentiation of human osteoclasts. The present study evaluated the roles of the Ras/PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Ras/Raf/MEK1/2/ERK1/2, calcium-PKC, and p38 signaling pathways in human osteoclast differentiation. Mononuclear cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of control persons and patients with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), and the cells were differentiated into osteoclasts in the presence of signaling pathway inhibitors. Osteoclast differentiation was assessed using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5B. Inhibition of most signaling pathways with chemical inhibitors decreased the number of human osteoclasts and disrupted F-actin ring formation, while the inhibition of p38 resulted in an increased number of osteoclasts, which is a finding contradictory to previous murine studies. However, the p38 inhibition did not increase the bone resorption capacity of the cells. Ras-inhibitor FTS increased osteoclastogenesis in samples from control persons, but an inhibitory effect was observed in NF1 samples. Inhibition of MEK, PI3K, and mTOR reduced markedly the number of NF1-deficient osteoclasts, but no effect was observed in control samples. Western blot analyses showed that the changes in the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 correlated with the number of osteoclasts. Our results highlight the fact that osteoclastogenesis is regulated by multiple interacting signaling pathways and emphasize that murine and human findings related to osteoclastogenesis are not necessarily equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pennanen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Roope A Kallionpää
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirkku Peltonen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liisa Nissinen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku and Cancer Research Laboratory FICAN West, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Kähäri
- Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku and Cancer Research Laboratory FICAN West, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Eetu Heervä
- Department of Oncology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Peltonen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.
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140
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Feldhahn N, Arutyunyan A, Stoddart S, Zhang B, Schmidhuber S, Yi SJ, Kim YM, Groffen J, Heisterkamp N. Environment-mediated drug resistance in Bcr/Abl-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncoimmunology 2021; 1:618-629. [PMID: 22934254 PMCID: PMC3429566 DOI: 10.4161/onci.20249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cure rates for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have increased, development of resistance to drugs and patient relapse are common. The environment in which the leukemia cells are present during the drug treatment is known to provide significant survival benefit. Here, we have modeled this process by culturing murine Bcr/Abl-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells in the presence of stroma while treating them with a moderate dose of two unrelated drugs, the farnesyltransferase inhibitor lonafarnib and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib. This results in an initial large reduction in cell viability of the culture and inhibition of cell proliferation. However, after a number of days, cell death ceases and the culture becomes drug-tolerant, enabling cell division to resume. Using gene expression profiling, we found that the development of drug resistance was accompanied by massive transcriptional upregulation of genes that are associated with general inflammatory responses such as the metalloproteinase MMP9. MMP9 protein levels and enzymatic activity were also increased in ALL cells that had become nilotinib-tolerant. Activation of p38, Akt and Erk correlated with the development of environment-mediated drug resistance (EMDR), and inhibitors of Akt and Erk in combination with nilotinib reduced the ability of the cells to develop resistance. However, inhibition of p38 promoted increased resistance to nilotinib. We conclude that development of EMDR by ALL cells involves changes in numerous intracellular pathways. Development of tolerance to drugs such as nilotinib may therefore be circumvented by simultaneous treatment with other drugs having divergent targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Feldhahn
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis; Division of Hematology/Oncology and The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital; Los Angeles, CA USA
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141
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Zhao L, Zhou R, Wang Q, Cheng Y, Gao M, Huang C. MicroRNA-320c inhibits articular chondrocytes proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1). Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 24:402-410. [PMID: 33506649 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To clarify the interaction of microRNA-320c (miR-320c) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), and to investigate the effects of miR-320c on articular chondroctye proliferation and apoptosis. METHODS Lentiviral expression vectors were constructed and dual luciferase assays containing MAPK1 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) were performed. Small hairpin RNA (shRNA) was utilized to modulate MAPK1 expression. The messenger RNA and protein expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry were conducted to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of Human Chondrocyte-articular (HC-a) cells. Besides that, the influences of miR-320c and MAPK1 on MAPK pathway activation were also evaluated. RESULTS Our data identified MAPK1 as a direct target gene of miR-320c, and miR-320c can negatively regulate MAPK1 expression by directly binding to MAPK1 3'-UTR in HC-a cells. Further functional study displayed that miR-320c overexpression and MAPK1 shRNA significantly suppressed the proliferation of HC-a cells and promoted cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, MAPK1 shRNA could attenuate miR-320c inhibitor promotive effects on HC-a cell proliferation and reverse its inhibitory effect on cell apoptosis. MAPK1 overexpression could rescue the inhibitory effect of miR-320c on HC-a cell proliferation, and weaken the accelerating effect of miR-320c on cell apoptosis. However, neither miR-320c or MAPK1 shRNA regulate the expression of c-JUN, JNK and c-Fos. CONCLUSION miR-320c inhibits articular chondrocyte proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting MAPK1, suggesting that miR-320c perhaps participates in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and acts as a potential target for the therapeutic treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Like Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rongwei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjing Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cibo Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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142
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Network pharmacology-based analysis of Zukamu granules for the treatment of COVID-19. Eur J Integr Med 2021; 42:101282. [PMID: 33425074 PMCID: PMC7778372 DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Zukamu granules may play a potential role in the fight against the Coronavirus, COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanisms of Zukamu granules using network pharmacology combined with molecular docking. Methods The Traditional Chinese Medicine systems pharmacology (TCMSP) database was used to filter the active compounds and the targets of each drug in the prescription. The Genecards and OMIM databases were used for identifying the targets related to COVID-19. The STRING database was used to analyze the intersection targets. Compound - target interaction and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using Cytoscape to decipher the anti-COVID-19 mechanisms of action of the prescription. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of action. Finally, the interaction between the targets and the active compounds was verified by molecular docking technology. Results A total of 66 targets were identified. Further analysis identified 10 most important targets and 12 key compounds. Besides, 1340 biological processes, 43 cell compositions, and 87 molecular function items were obtained (P < 0.05). One hundred and thirty pathways were obtained (P < 0.05). The results of molecular docking showed that there was a stable binding between the active compounds and the targets. Conclusion Analysis of the constructed pharmacological network results allowed for the prediction and interpretation of the multi-constituent, multi-targeted, and multi-pathway mechanisms of Zukamu granules as a potential source for supportive treatment of COVID-19.
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Key Words
- ALB, Serum Albumin
- BP, Biological Process
- CASP3, Caspase-3
- CC, Cell Composition
- CCND1, Cyclin D1
- COVID-19, Corona Virus Disease 2019
- Covid-19
- EGFR, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
- FOS, C-FOS
- GO, Gene Ontology
- IL-6, Interleukin- 6
- INS, Insulin
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome
- MAPK8, Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase 8
- MF, Molecular Function
- MYC, Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor
- Molecular docking
- Network pharmacology
- PPI, Protein-Protein Interaction
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- TCMSP, Traditional Chinese Medicine systems pharmacology
- VEGFA, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A
- Zukamu granule
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143
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Karatzas E, Zachariou M, Bourdakou MM, Minadakis G, Oulas A, Kolios G, Delis A, Spyrou GM. PathWalks: identifying pathway communities using a disease-related map of integrated information. Bioinformatics 2020; 36:4070-4079. [PMID: 32369599 PMCID: PMC7332569 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Understanding the underlying biological mechanisms and respective interactions of a disease remains an elusive, time consuming and costly task. Computational methodologies that propose pathway/mechanism communities and reveal respective relationships can be of great value as they can help expedite the process of identifying how perturbations in a single pathway can affect other pathways. RESULTS We present a random-walks-based methodology called PathWalks, where a walker crosses a pathway-to-pathway network under the guidance of a disease-related map. The latter is a gene network that we construct by integrating multi-source information regarding a specific disease. The most frequent trajectories highlight communities of pathways that are expected to be strongly related to the disease under study.We apply the PathWalks methodology on Alzheimer's disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and establish that it can highlight pathways that are also identified by other pathway analysis tools as well as are backed through bibliographic references. More importantly, PathWalks produces additional new pathways that are functionally connected with those already established, giving insight for further experimentation. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION https://github.com/vagkaratzas/PathWalks. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Karatzas
- Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Athens 15703, Greece
| | - Margarita Zachariou
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2370, Cyprus.,The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2370, Cyprus
| | - Marilena M Bourdakou
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2370, Cyprus.,Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| | - George Minadakis
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2370, Cyprus.,The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2370, Cyprus
| | - Anastasis Oulas
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2370, Cyprus.,The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2370, Cyprus
| | - George Kolios
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| | - Alex Delis
- Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Athens 15703, Greece
| | - George M Spyrou
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2370, Cyprus.,The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2370, Cyprus
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144
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Wen B, Zhang C, Zhou J, Zhang Z, Che Q, Cao H, Bai Y, Guo J, Su Z. Targeted treatment of alcoholic liver disease based on inflammatory signalling pathways. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 222:107752. [PMID: 33253739 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapy is an emerging treatment strategy for alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Inflammation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of ALD, and is a key choice for its targeted treatment, and anti-inflammatory treatment has been considered beneficial for liver disease. Surprisingly, immune checkpoint inhibitors have become important therapeutic agents for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Moreover, studies have shown that the combination of inflammatory molecule inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors can exert better effects than either alone in mouse models of HCC. This review discusses the mechanism of hepatic ethanol metabolism and the conditions under which inflammation occurs. In addition, we focus on the potential molecular targets in inflammatory signalling pathways and summarize the potential targeted inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, providing a theoretical basis for the targeted treatment of ALD and the development of new combination therapy strategies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjian Wen
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhengyan Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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145
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Nisar S, Hashem S, Macha MA, Yadav SK, Muralitharan S, Therachiyil L, Sageena G, Al-Naemi H, Haris M, Bhat AA. Exploring Dysregulated Signaling Pathways in Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:429-445. [PMID: 31939726 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200115095937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell biology takes advantage of identifying diverse cellular signaling pathways that are disrupted in cancer. Signaling pathways are an important means of communication from the exterior of cell to intracellular mediators, as well as intracellular interactions that govern diverse cellular processes. Oncogenic mutations or abnormal expression of signaling components disrupt the regulatory networks that govern cell function, thus enabling tumor cells to undergo dysregulated mitogenesis, to resist apoptosis, and to promote invasion to neighboring tissues. Unraveling of dysregulated signaling pathways may advance the understanding of tumor pathophysiology and lead to the improvement of targeted tumor therapy. In this review article, different signaling pathways and how their dysregulation contributes to the development of tumors have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Nisar
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States.,Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Santosh K Yadav
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Hamda Al-Naemi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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Jing H, Zhang Q, Li S, Gao XJ. Pb exposure triggers MAPK-dependent inflammation by activating oxidative stress and miRNA-155 expression in carp head kidney. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:219-227. [PMID: 32781208 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal and an aquatic pollutant. Various amounts of heavy metals are released into the environment through industrial discharge, causing excessive contamination of aquatic ecosystems. The head kidney is a unique immune organ of the bony fish and plays an important role in the metabolism of heavy metals. Studies of toxic Pb exposure that have investigated the head kidney of carp are limited. This study was carried out to explore the potential immunotoxicity effects of Pb and the specific related mechanisms in the carp head kidney. Pb poisoning was shown to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the expression levels of phosphorylated proteins related to the MAPK pathway, including p38, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). We also found that microRNA-155 played a key role in regulating the production of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and the pre-miRNA-155 inhibitor reversed the Pb-induced inflammation. In conclusion, these in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that oxidative stress and the MAPKs are involved in the Pb-induced inflammasome response, and the production of microRNA-155 aggravated the occurrence of inflammation in carp head kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Jing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qirui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Jiao Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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147
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Abstract
BACKGROUND As a member of the N-myc down-regulated gene family, N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) contributes to the tumorigenesis of various types of cancers. However, the correlation between NDRG2 expression and the prognosis of solid tumor remains to be elucidated because of small sample sizes and inconsistent results in previous studies. In the present study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the prognostic significance of NDRG2 in human solid tumors. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang databases (up to April 2020) were searched for relevant studies that evaluated the impact of NDRG2 on clinical outcomes, including overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS), in solid tumors. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to assess the association between NDRG2 expression and the survival of patients with solid tumors. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were pooled to estimate the correlation between NDRG2 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics in the patients. RESULTS A total of 13 eligible studies with 1980 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Low NDRG2 expression was significantly associated with poor OS (HR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.60-2.40, P < .001) and DFS (HR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.42-5.13, P = .002) in solid tumor. Furthermore, low NDRG2 expression was related to some phenotypes of tumor aggressiveness, such as clinical stage (OR = 3.21, 95% CI: 1.96-5.26, P < .001), lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.49-3.07, P < .001), and degree of differentiation (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.45-0.81, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS NDRG2 may be a meaningful biomarker of poor prognosis and a potential therapeutic target for human solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqin Gu
- Nursing Department, Taizhou People's Hospital, Affiliated 5 to Nantong University
| | - Jie Xu
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Affiliated 5 to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Ye
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Affiliated 5 to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chuanmeng Zhang
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Affiliated 5 to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Sayed AM, Hassanein EH, Salem SH, Hussein OE, Mahmoud AM. Flavonoids-mediated SIRT1 signaling activation in hepatic disorders. Life Sci 2020; 259:118173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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149
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Kassouf T, Sumara G. Impact of Conventional and Atypical MAPKs on the Development of Metabolic Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091256. [PMID: 32872540 PMCID: PMC7563211 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) consists of fourteen members and has been implicated in regulation of virtually all cellular processes. MAPKs are divided into two groups, conventional and atypical MAPKs. Conventional MAPKs are further classified into four sub-families: extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1, 2 and 3), p38 (α, β, γ, δ), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5). Four kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3, 4, and 7 (ERK3, 4 and 7) as well as Nemo-like kinase (NLK) build a group of atypical MAPKs, which are activated by different upstream mechanisms than conventional MAPKs. Early studies identified JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 as well as p38α as a central mediators of inflammation-evoked insulin resistance. These kinases have been also implicated in the development of obesity and diabetes. Recently, other members of conventional MAPKs emerged as important mediators of liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and pancreatic β-cell metabolism. Moreover, latest studies indicate that atypical members of MAPK family play a central role in the regulation of adipose tissue function. In this review, we summarize early studies on conventional MAPKs as well as recent findings implicating previously ignored members of the MAPK family. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of drugs targeting specific members of the MAPK family.
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150
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Nuclear P38: Roles in Physiological and Pathological Processes and Regulation of Nuclear Translocation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176102. [PMID: 32847129 PMCID: PMC7504396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK, termed here p38) cascade is a central signaling pathway that transmits stress and other signals to various intracellular targets in the cytoplasm and nucleus. More than 150 substrates of p38α/β have been identified, and this number is likely to increase. The phosphorylation of these substrates initiates or regulates a large number of cellular processes including transcription, translation, RNA processing and cell cycle progression, as well as degradation and the nuclear translocation of various proteins. Being such a central signaling cascade, its dysregulation is associated with many pathologies, particularly inflammation and cancer. One of the hallmarks of p38α/β signaling is its stimulated nuclear translocation, which occurs shortly after extracellular stimulation. Although p38α/β do not contain nuclear localization or nuclear export signals, they rapidly and robustly translocate to the nucleus, and they are exported back to the cytoplasm within minutes to hours. Here, we describe the physiological and pathological roles of p38α/β phosphorylation, concentrating mainly on the ill-reviewed regulation of p38α/β substrate degradation and nuclear translocation. In addition, we provide information on the p38α/β ’s substrates, concentrating mainly on the nuclear targets and their role in p38α/β functions. Finally, we also provide information on the mechanisms of nuclear p38α/β translocation and its use as a therapeutic target for p38α/β-dependent diseases.
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