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Kindgren E, Ahrens AP, Triplett EW, Ludvigsson J. Infant gut microbiota and environment associate with juvenile idiopathic arthritis many years prior to disease onset, especially in genetically vulnerable children. EBioMedicine 2023; 93:104654. [PMID: 37329576 PMCID: PMC10279551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is poorly understood. This study investigated genetic and environmental factors and infant gut microbiota in a prospective birth cohort to assess disease risk. METHODS Data was collected from the All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) population-based cohort (n = 17,055), 111 of whom later acquired JIA (ABISJIA). Stool samples were collected at one year of age for 10.4%. To determine disease association, 16S rRNA gene sequences were analyzed, with and without confound adjustment. Genetic and environmental risks were assessed. FINDINGS ABISJIA had higher abundance of Acidaminococcales, Prevotella 9, and Veillonella parvula and lower abundance of Coprococcus, Subdoligranulum, Phascolarctobacterium, Dialister spp., Bifidobacterium breve, Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans, Roseburia intestinalis, and Akkermansia muciniphila (q's < 0.05). Parabacteroides distasonis greatly increased the odds of later contracting JIA (OR = 6.7; 1.81-24.84, p = 0.0045). Shorter breastfeeding duration and increased antibiotic exposure compounded risk in a dose-dependent manner, especially in those with genetic predisposition. INTERPRETATION Microbial dysregulation in infancy may trigger or accelerate JIA development. Environmental risk factors have a stronger impact on genetically predisposed children. This study is the first to implicate microbial dysregulation in JIA at such an early age, with many bacterial taxa associated with risk factors. These findings provide opportunities for intervention or early screening and offer new insights into JIA pathogenesis. FUNDING Barndiabetesfonden; Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research; Swedish Research Council; Östgöta Brandstodsbolag; Medical Research Council of Southeast Sweden; JDRF-Wallenberg Foundation; Linköping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Kindgren
- Department of Pediatrics, Region Västra Götaland, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Angelica P Ahrens
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0700, USA
| | - Eric W Triplett
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0700, USA.
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Crown Princess Victoria's Children's Hospital, Region Östergötland, Linköping, SE 58185, Sweden
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Fatani AMN, Suh JH, Auger J, Alabasi KM, Wang Y, Segal MS, Dahl WJ. Pea hull fiber supplementation does not modulate uremic metabolites in adults receiving hemodialysis: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1179295. [PMID: 37457968 PMCID: PMC10349378 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1179295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fiber is a potential therapeutic to suppress microbiota-generated uremic molecules. This study aimed to determine if fiber supplementation decreased serum levels of uremic molecules through the modulation of gut microbiota in adults undergoing hemodialysis. Methods A randomized, double-blinded, controlled crossover study was conducted. Following a 1-week baseline, participants consumed muffins with added pea hull fiber (PHF) (15 g/d) and control muffins daily, each for 4 weeks, separated by a 4-week washout. Blood and stool samples were collected per period. Serum p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), indoxyl sulfate (IS), phenylacetylglutamine (PAG), and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) were quantified by LC-MS/MS, and fecal microbiota profiled by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and specific taxa of interest by qPCR. QIIME 2 sample-classifier was used to discover unique microbiota profiles due to the consumption of PHF. Results Intake of PHF contributed an additional 9 g/d of dietary fiber to the subjects' diet due to compliance. No significant changes from baseline were observed in serum PCS, IS, PAG, or TMAO, or for the relative quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bifidobacterium, or Roseburia, taxa considered health-enhancing. Dietary protein intake and IS (r = -0.5, p = 0.05) and slow transit stool form and PCS (r = 0.7, p < 0.01) were significantly correlated at baseline. PHF and control periods were not differentiated; however, using machine learning, taxa most distinguishing the microbiota composition during the PHF periods compared to usual diet alone were enriched Gemmiger, Collinsella, and depleted Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Coprococcus, and Mogibacteriaceae. Conclusion PHF supplementation did not mitigate serum levels of targeted microbial-generated uremic molecules. Given the high cellulose content, which may be resistant to fermentation, PHF may not exert sufficient effects on microbiota composition to modulate its activity at the dose consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M. N. Fatani
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Food and Nutrition Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joon Hyuk Suh
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jérémie Auger
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Lallemand Health Solutions, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Karima M. Alabasi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Foods and Nutrition Department, School of Health Science and Wellness, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, United States
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mark S. Segal
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- North Florida South Georgia VHS, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Wendy J. Dahl
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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103
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Stefura T, Rusinek J, Zając M, Zapała B, Gosiewski T, Sroka-Oleksiak A, Salamon D, Pędziwiatr M, Major P. Duodenal microbiota and weight-loss following sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass - a pilot study. BMC Surg 2023; 23:173. [PMID: 37365522 PMCID: PMC10291748 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-02076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is the most effective method of morbid obesity treatment. Microbiota has many functions in human body and many of them remain to be unknown. The aim of this study was to establish if the composition of duodenal microbiota influences success rate of bariatric surgery. METHODS It was a prospective cohort study. The data concerning demographics and comorbidities was collected perioperatively. The duodenal biopsies were collected prior to surgery with the gastroscope. Then DNA analysis was conducted. The data connected to the operation outcomes was gathered after 6 and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS Overall, 32 patients were included and divided into two groups (successful - group 1 and unsuccessful - group 0) based on percentage excess weight loss after 6 months were created. The Total Actual Abundance was higher in group 0. In group 0 there was a significantly higher amount of Roseburia and Arthrobacter (p = 0.024, p = 0.027, respectively). Genus LDA effect size analysis showed Prevotella, Megasphaera and Pseudorhodobacter in group 1 to be significant. Whereas abundance of Roseburia and Arthrobacter were significant in group 0. CONCLUSIONS Duodenal microbiota composition may be a prognostic factor for the success of the bariatric surgery but further research on the larger group is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Stefura
- Department of Medical Education, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jakub Rusinek
- Students' Scientific Group at 2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Zając
- Students' Scientific Group at 2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Zapała
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gosiewski
- Department of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Dominika Salamon
- Department of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Pędziwiatr
- 2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 21 St, 31-501, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Major
- 2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 21 St, 31-501, Kraków, Poland.
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Hatayama K, Ebara A, Okuma K, Tokuno H, Hasuko K, Masuyama H, Ashikari I, Shirasawa T. Characteristics of Intestinal Microbiota in Japanese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and a Risk-Estimating Method for the Disorder. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1789. [PMID: 37509429 PMCID: PMC10376419 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota may play a significant role in the development and progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, sex differences in the prevalence of MCI and intestinal microbiota are likely to exist. Therefore, this study investigated the association between MCI and intestinal microbiota by comparing Japanese patients in their 70s with MCI (11 males and 18 females) and disease-free controls (17 males and 23 females), taking sex into account. In both sexes, Clostridium_XVIII, Eggerthella, Erysipelatoclostridium, Flavonifractor, and Ruminococcus 2 were the more abundant taxa in the MCI group, whereas Megasphaera, Oscillibacter, Prevotella, Roseburia, and Victivallis were less abundant. Based on these characteristics, it was hypothesized that the composition of the intestinal microbiota in the MCI group leads to dysregulation of the intestinal microbiota, increased intestinal and blood-brain barrier permeability, and increased chronic neuroinflammation, with the long-term persistence of these abnormalities ultimately leading to cognitive decline. Furthermore, risk estimation models for MCI based on intestinal microbiota data were developed using structural equation modeling. These tests discriminated between the MCI and control groups. Incorporating these factors into intestinal microbiota testing using stool samples may be an efficient method to screen individuals with MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aya Ebara
- Symbiosis Solutions Inc., Tokyo 101-0064, Japan
| | - Kana Okuma
- Symbiosis Solutions Inc., Tokyo 101-0064, Japan
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105
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Li J, Li D, Chen Y, Chen W, Xu J, Gao L. Gut Microbiota and Aging: Traditional Chinese Medicine and Modern Medicine. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:963-986. [PMID: 37351381 PMCID: PMC10284159 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s414714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The changing composition of gut microbiota, much like aging, accompanies people throughout their lives, and the inextricable relationship between both has recently attracted extensive attention as well. Modern medical research has revealed that a series of changes in gut microbiota are involved in the aging process of organisms, which may be because gut microbiota modulates aging-related changes related to innate immunity and cognitive function. At present, there is no definite and effective method to delay aging. However, Nobel laureate Tu Youyou's research on artemisinin has inspired researchers to study the importance of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). TCM, as an ancient alternative medicine, has unique advantages in preventive health care and in treating diseases as it already has formed an independent understanding of the aging system. TCM practitioners believe that the mechanism of aging is mainly deficiency, and pathological states such as blood stasis, qi stagnation and phlegm coagulation can exacerbate the process of aging, which involves a series of organs, including the brain, kidney, heart, liver and spleen. Our current understanding of aging has led us to realise that TCM can indeed make some beneficial changes, such as the improvement of cognitive impairment. However, due to the multi-component and multi-target nature of TCM, the exploration of its mechanism of action has become extremely complex. While analysing the relationship between gut microbiota and aging, this review explores the similarities and differences in treatment methods and mechanisms between TCM and Modern Medicine, in order to explore a new approach that combines TCM and Modern Medicine to regulate gut microbiota, improve immunity and delay aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfan Li
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Diabetes, Licheng District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajie Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Care, Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
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106
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Hidalgo-Villeda F, Million M, Defoort C, Vannier T, Svilar L, Lagier M, Wagner C, Arroyo-Portilla C, Chasson L, Luciani C, Bossi V, Gorvel JP, Lelouard H, Tomas J. Prolonged dysbiosis and altered immunity under nutritional intervention in a physiological mouse model of severe acute malnutrition. iScience 2023; 26:106910. [PMID: 37378323 PMCID: PMC10291336 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a multifactorial disease affecting millions of children worldwide. It is associated with changes in intestinal physiology, microbiota, and mucosal immunity, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary studies to unravel its full pathogenesis. We established an experimental model in which weanling mice fed a high-deficiency diet mimic key anthropometric and physiological features of SAM in children. This diet alters the intestinal microbiota (less segmented filamentous bacteria, spatial proximity to epithelium), metabolism (decreased butyrate), and immune cell populations (depletion of LysoDC in Peyer's patches and intestinal Th17 cells). A nutritional intervention leads to a fast zoometric and intestinal physiology recovery but to an incomplete restoration of the intestinal microbiota, metabolism, and immune system. Altogether, we provide a preclinical model of SAM and have identified key markers to target with future interventions during the education of the immune system to improve SAM whole defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Hidalgo-Villeda
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
- Escuela de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Matthieu Million
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Ap-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Defoort
- C2VN, INRA, INSERM, Aix Marseille University, CriBioM, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Vannier
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Ljubica Svilar
- C2VN, INRA, INSERM, Aix Marseille University, CriBioM, Marseille, France
| | - Margaux Lagier
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Camille Wagner
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Cynthia Arroyo-Portilla
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
- Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Lionel Chasson
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Cécilia Luciani
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Gorvel
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Hugues Lelouard
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Julie Tomas
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
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107
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Mishra G, Singh P, Molla M, Yimer YS, Dinda SC, Chandra P, Singh BK, Dagnew SB, Assefa AN, Ewunetie A. Harnessing the potential of probiotics in the treatment of alcoholic liver disorders. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1212742. [PMID: 37361234 PMCID: PMC10287977 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1212742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current scenario, prolonged consumption of alcohol across the globe is upsurging an appreciable number of patients with the risk of alcohol-associated liver diseases. According to the recent report, the gut-liver axis is crucial in the progression of alcohol-induced liver diseases, including steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite several factors associated with alcoholic liver diseases, the complexity of the gut microflora and its great interaction with the liver have become a fascinating area for researchers due to the high exposure of the liver to free radicals, bacterial endotoxins, lipopolysaccharides, inflammatory markers, etc. Undoubtedly, alcohol-induced gut microbiota imbalance stimulates dysbiosis, disrupts the intestinal barrier function, and trigger immune as well as inflammatory responses which further aggravate hepatic injury. Since currently available drugs to mitigate liver disorders have significant side effects, hence, probiotics have been widely researched to alleviate alcohol-associated liver diseases and to improve liver health. A broad range of probiotic bacteria like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Escherichia coli, Sacchromyces, and Lactococcus are used to reduce or halt the progression of alcohol-associated liver diseases. Several underlying mechanisms, including alteration of the gut microbiome, modulation of intestinal barrier function and immune response, reduction in the level of endotoxins, and bacterial translocation, have been implicated through which probiotics can effectively suppress the occurrence of alcohol-induced liver disorders. This review addresses the therapeutic applications of probiotics in the treatment of alcohol-associated liver diseases. Novel insights into the mechanisms by which probiotics prevent alcohol-associated liver diseases have also been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Mishra
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Pradeep Singh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Molla
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Shumet Yimer
- Social Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | | | - Phool Chandra
- Department of Pharmacology, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | | | - Samuel Berihun Dagnew
- Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Nigussie Assefa
- Social Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Amien Ewunetie
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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108
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Yu H, Wang Q, Tang J, Dong L, Dai G, Zhang T, Zhang G, Xie K, Wang H, Zhao Z. Comprehensive analysis of gut microbiome and host transcriptome in chickens after Eimeria tenella infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1191939. [PMID: 37346030 PMCID: PMC10279956 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1191939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coccidiosis is an intestinal parasitic disease caused by Eimeria protozoa, which endangers the health and growth of animals, and causes huge economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide every year. Studies have shown that poultry gut microbiota plays an important role in preventing the colonization of pathogens and maintaining the health of the host. Coccidia infection also affects host gene expression. However, the underlying potential relationship between gut microbiome and host transcriptome during E. tenella infection in chickens remain unclear. Methods In this study, metagenomic and transcriptome sequencing were applied to identify microbiota and genes in cecal contents and cecal tissues of infected (JS) and control (JC) chickens on day 4.5 postinfection (pi), respectively. Results First, microbial sequencing results of cecal contents showed that the abundance of Lactobacillus, Roseburia sp. and Faecalibacterium sp decreased significantly after E. tenella infection (P < 0.05), while the abundance of Alistipes and Prevotella pectinovora increased significantly (P < 0.05). Second, transcriptome sequencing results showed that a total of 434 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified, including 196 up-regulated and 238 down-regulated genes. These differentially expressed genes related to inflammation and immunity, such as GAMA, FABP1, F2RL1 and RSAD2, may play an important role in the process of host resistance to coccidia infection. Functional studies showed that the enriched pathways of differentially expressed genes included the TGF-beta signaling pathway and the ErbB signaling pathways. Finally, the integrated analysis of gut microbiome and host transcriptome suggested that Prevotella pectinovora associated with FABP1, Butyricicoccus porcorum and Colidextribacter sp. associated with RSAD2 were involved in the immune response upon E. tenella infection. Conclusion In conclusion, this study provides valuable information on the microbiota and key immune genes after chicken E. tenella infection, with the aim of providing reference for the impact of coccidia infection on cecal microbiome and host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liyue Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kaizhou Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Technical Research Department, Jiangsu Jinghai Poultry Group Co., Ltd., Haimen, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhao
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
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109
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Satoh T. New prebiotics by ketone donation. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023:S1043-2760(23)00091-7. [PMID: 37271711 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Integrity of the microbiome is an essential element for human gut health. 3-Hydroxybutyrate (3HB) secreted into the gut lumen has gained attention as a regulator of gut physiology, including stem cell expansion. In this opinion, I propose new prebiotics leading to gut health by use of a ketone (3HB) donor. When exogenous 3HB is supplied through ketone donation, it has the potential to markedly improve gut health by altering the gut microbiome and systemic metabolic status. Poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) donates 3HB and primarily influences microbiota, making it an effective prebiotic for improving the gut environment. Thus, exogenous 3HB donation to the lumen of the gut may aid gut health by maintaining the integrity of microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Satoh
- Department of Antiaging Food Research, School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji 192-0982, Japan.
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110
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Gao B, Chen L, Xu W, Shan J, Shen W, Gao N. Effects of Perfluorooctanoic Acid on Gut Microbiota and Microbial Metabolites in C57BL/6J Mice. Metabolites 2023; 13:707. [PMID: 37367865 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) represents an increasing public health concern due to its persistence in the environment and its toxic effects. The gut microbiota is known to produce various metabolites that assist the host to maintain metabolic homeostasis. However, few studies have explored the effects of PFOA on gut-microbiota-related metabolites. In the present study, male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 1 ppm of PFOA in drinking water for four weeks and integrative analysis of the gut microbiome and metabolome was performed to reveal the health effects of PFOA. Our results showed that PFOA disturbed both the gut microbiota composition and the metabolic profiles of the feces, serum, and liver in mice. A correlation was found between Lachnospiraceae UCG004, Turicibacter, Ruminococcaceae, and different fecal metabolites. Significant alterations of gut-microbiota-related metabolites were induced by PFOA exposure, including bile acids and tryptophan metabolites such as 3-indoleacrylic acid and 3-indoleacetic acid. The findings of this study are helpful to improve the understanding of the health effects of PFOA, which might be mediated through the gut microbiota and its related metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Gao
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Key Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Weichen Xu
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weishou Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative In-novation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Institute of Soil Health and Climate-Smart Agriculture, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Nan Gao
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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111
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Ko YS, Tark D, Moon SH, Kim DM, Lee TG, Bae DY, Sunwoo SY, Oh Y, Cho HS. Alteration of the Gut Microbiota in Pigs Infected with African Swine Fever Virus. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10050360. [PMID: 37235443 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10050360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The factors that influence the pathogenicity of African swine fever (ASF) are still poorly understood, and the host's immune response has been indicated as crucial. Although an increasing number of studies have shown that gut microbiota can control the progression of diseases caused by viral infections, it has not been characterized how the ASF virus (ASFV) changes a pig's gut microbiome. This study analyzed the dynamic changes in the intestinal microbiome of pigs experimentally infected with the high-virulence ASFV genotype II strain (N = 4) or mock strain (N = 3). Daily fecal samples were collected from the pigs and distributed into the four phases (before infection, primary phase, clinical phase, and terminal phase) of ASF based on the individual clinical features of the pigs. The total DNA was extracted and the V4 region of the 16 s rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced on the Illumina platform. Richness indices (ACE and Chao1) were significantly decreased in the terminal phase of ASF infection. The relative abundances of short-chain-fatty-acids-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae, Roseburia, and Blautia, were decreased during ASFV infection. On the other hand, the abundance of Proteobacteria and Spirochaetes increased. Furthermore, predicted functional analysis using PICRUSt resulted in a significantly reduced abundance of 15 immune-related pathways in the ASFV-infected pigs. This study provides evidence for further understanding the ASFV-pig interaction and suggests that changes in gut microbiome composition during ASFV infection may be associated with the status of immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Seung Ko
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongseob Tark
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Moon
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Min Kim
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Geun Lee
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Yun Bae
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yeonsu Oh
- Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Cho
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
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112
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Heng D, Zhang M, Yuan Y, Qiu X. Alteration of Colonic Bacterial and Fungal Composition and Their Inter- and Intra-Kingdom Interaction in Patients with Adenomas with Low-Grade Dysplasia. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1327. [PMID: 37317301 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops from pre-cancerous cellular lesions in the gut epithelium and mainly originates from specific types of colonic adenomas with dysplasia. However, gut microbiota signatures among sampling sites in patients with colorectal adenomas with low-grade dysplasia (ALGD) and normal control (NC) remain uncharacterized. To characterize gut microbial and fungal profiles in ALGD and normal colorectal mucosa tissues. We used 16S and ITS1-2 rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis on the microbiota of ALGD and normal colorectal mucosa from 40 subjects. Bacterial sequences in the ALGD group showed an increase in Rhodobacterales, Thermales, Thermaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, and several genera, including Thermus, Paracoccus, Sphingobium, and Pseudomonas, compared to the NC group. Fungal sequences in the ALGD group showed an increase in Helotiales, Leotiomycetes, and Basidiomycota, while several orders, families, and genera, including Verrucariales, Russulales, and Trichosporonales, were decreased. The study found various interactions between intestinal bacteria and fungi. The bacterial functional analysis showed increased glycogen and vanillin degradation pathways in the ALGD group. Meanwhile, the fungal functional analysis showed a decrease in pathways related to the biosynthesis of gondoate and stearate, as well as degradation of glucose, starch, glycogen, sucrose, L-tryptophan, and pantothenate, and an increase in the octane oxidation pathway in the ALGD group. The mucosal microbiota in ALGD exhibits altered fungal and microbial composition compared to the NC mucosa, potentially contributing to the development of intestinal cancer by regulating specific metabolic pathways. Therefore, these changes in microbiota and metabolic pathways may be potential markers for diagnosing and treating colorectal adenoma and carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Heng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuhan Yuan
- Department of Endoscopic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xinyun Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
- F. Widjaja Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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113
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Sasso J, Ammar RM, Tenchov R, Lemmel S, Kelber O, Grieswelle M, Zhou QA. Gut Microbiome-Brain Alliance: A Landscape View into Mental and Gastrointestinal Health and Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:1717-1763. [PMID: 37156006 PMCID: PMC10197139 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota includes a vast collection of microorganisms residing within the gastrointestinal tract. It is broadly recognized that the gut and brain are in constant bidirectional communication, of which gut microbiota and its metabolic production are a major component, and form the so-called gut microbiome-brain axis. Disturbances of microbiota homeostasis caused by imbalance in their functional composition and metabolic activities, known as dysbiosis, cause dysregulation of these pathways and trigger changes in the blood-brain barrier permeability, thereby causing pathological malfunctions, including neurological and functional gastrointestinal disorders. In turn, the brain can affect the structure and function of gut microbiota through the autonomic nervous system by regulating gut motility, intestinal transit and secretion, and gut permeability. Here, we examine data from the CAS Content Collection, the largest collection of published scientific information, and analyze the publication landscape of recent research. We review the advances in knowledge related to the human gut microbiome, its complexity and functionality, its communication with the central nervous system, and the effect of the gut microbiome-brain axis on mental and gut health. We discuss correlations between gut microbiota composition and various diseases, specifically gastrointestinal and mental disorders. We also explore gut microbiota metabolites with regard to their impact on the brain and gut function and associated diseases. Finally, we assess clinical applications of gut-microbiota-related substances and metabolites with their development pipelines. We hope this review can serve as a useful resource in understanding the current knowledge on this emerging field in an effort to further solving of the remaining challenges and fulfilling its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet
M. Sasso
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Ramy M. Ammar
- Bayer
Consumer Health, R&D Digestive
Health, Darmstadt 64295, Germany
| | - Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Steven Lemmel
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Olaf Kelber
- Bayer
Consumer Health, R&D Digestive
Health, Darmstadt 64295, Germany
| | - Malte Grieswelle
- Bayer
Consumer Health, R&D Digestive
Health, Darmstadt 64295, Germany
| | - Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
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114
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Myers KS, Ingle AT, Walters KA, Fortney NW, Scarborough MJ, Donohue TJ, Noguera DR. Comparison of metagenomes from fermentation of various agroindustrial residues suggests a common model of community organization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1197175. [PMID: 37260833 PMCID: PMC10228549 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1197175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The liquid residue resulting from various agroindustrial processes is both rich in organic material and an attractive source to produce a variety of chemicals. Using microbial communities to produce chemicals from these liquid residues is an active area of research, but it is unclear how to deploy microbial communities to produce specific products from the different agroindustrial residues. To address this, we fed anaerobic bioreactors one of several agroindustrial residues (carbohydrate-rich lignocellulosic fermentation conversion residue, xylose, dairy manure hydrolysate, ultra-filtered milk permeate, and thin stillage from a starch bioethanol plant) and inoculated them with a microbial community from an acid-phase digester operated at the wastewater treatment plant in Madison, WI, United States. The bioreactors were monitored over a period of months and sampled to assess microbial community composition and extracellular fermentation products. We obtained metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) from the microbial communities in each bioreactor and performed comparative genomic analyses to identify common microorganisms, as well as any community members that were unique to each reactor. Collectively, we obtained a dataset of 217 non-redundant MAGs from these bioreactors. This metagenome assembled genome dataset was used to evaluate whether a specific microbial ecology model in which medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are simultaneously produced from intermediate products (e.g., lactic acid) and carbohydrates could be applicable to all fermentation systems, regardless of the feedstock. MAGs were classified using a multiclass classification machine learning algorithm into three groups, organisms fermenting the carbohydrates to intermediate products, organisms utilizing the intermediate products to produce MCFAs, and organisms producing MCFAs directly from carbohydrates. This analysis revealed common biological functions among the microbial communities in different bioreactors, and although different microorganisms were enriched depending on the agroindustrial residue tested, the results supported the conclusion that the microbial ecology model tested was appropriate to explain the MCFA production potential from all agricultural residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S. Myers
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Abel T. Ingle
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kevin A. Walters
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Nathaniel W. Fortney
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Matthew J. Scarborough
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Timothy J. Donohue
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Daniel R. Noguera
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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115
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Li Y, Zheng J, Wang Y, Yang H, Cao L, Gan S, Ma J, Liu H. Immuno-stimulatory activity of Astragalus polysaccharides in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice by regulating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124789. [PMID: 37164141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has indicated the immune-stimulatory effect of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), yet it remains unknown whether the potential mechanism is associated with gut microbiota. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of gut microbiota in APS-initiated immune-enhancing activity in mice. BALB/c mice were injected with cyclophosphamide to establish a mouse immunosuppression model. We found that APS significantly ameliorated the immunosuppression in mice, indicative of the increased immune organ indices, the promoted proliferation of immune cells, and the up-regulated intestinal inflammation. Western blot analysis demonstrated that APS treatment significantly activated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in the intestine. By 16S rDNA sequencing, APS treatment reversed the gut microbiota dysbiosis in immunocompromised mice. At the genus level, APS increased the abundance of bacteria (like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Roseburia, and Desulfovibrio) and decreased the content of several bacteria (like Oscillibacter, Tyzzerella, and Lachnoclostridium). However, APS had no immune-enhancing effect on immunocompromised mice with gut microbiota depletion. In conclusion, APS can enhance immune responses in immunocompromised mice by modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Junping Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China; College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Huabing Yang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Lu Cao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Shuiyong Gan
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
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116
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Seong H, Choi BK, Han YH, Kim JH, Gim JA, Lim S, Noh JY, Cheong HJ, Kim WJ, Song JY. Gut microbiota as a potential key to modulating humoral immunogenicity of new platform COVID-19 vaccines. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:178. [PMID: 37137906 PMCID: PMC10154741 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Seong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Asia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyu Choi
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hee Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-An Gim
- Medical Science Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Asia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Noh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Asia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Cheong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Asia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Joo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Asia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Asia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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117
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Szala-Rycaj J, Szewczyk A, Zagaja M, Kaczmarczyk-Ziemba A, Maj M, Andres-Mach M. The Influence of Topinambur and Inulin Preventive Supplementation on Microbiota, Anxious Behavior, Cognitive Functions and Neurogenesis in Mice Exposed to the Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress. Nutrients 2023; 15:2041. [PMID: 37432210 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily living and functioning under stress can lead to mental health problems such as anxiety or depression. Over the past decades, a number of studies have been conducted to determine the relationship between the central nervous system (CNS), intestinal flora and bidirectional communication along the gut brain axis (GBA) in the maintaining of homeostasis. One of the most important factors regulating GBA functioning in exposure to stress may be a proper diet enriched in the supplementation with pre-, pro-and synbiotics. In the present study, we examined whether a 10-week oral preventive supplementation with natural prebiotics: topinambur powder (TPB) and chicory root inulin (INU) influenced an anxiety, depressive behavior and cognition in mice exposed to the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Additionally, a fluoxetine (FLU) has been used as a reference antidepressive drug. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of TPB, INU and FLU administration on neurogenesis in mice exposed to CUMS and finally analyzed fecal microbiota for possible changes after TPB and INU supplementation in CUMS induced mice. Results obtained from the behavioral studies (elevated plaze maze, forced swim and Morris water maze test) indicated, that 10 week supplementation with TPB (250 mg/kg) and INU (66 mg/kg), similarly to FLU (12 mg/kg), significantly mitigated an anxiety and stress as well as protected learning and memory functions in the CUMS induced mice compared to the control stressed group. Additionally, TPB and INU CUMS mice showed significantly higher level of neurogenesis in comparison to control CUMS group. Interestingly, results obtained from the fecal microbiota analysis showed a beneficial effect of TPB and INU supplementation against CUMS-induced intestinal dysbiosis in mice. In conclusion, the obtained results showed that a long-term, preventive supplementation with TPB or INU alleviates the negative effects such as anxiety, cognitive disorders or dysbiosis in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szala-Rycaj
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szewczyk
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mirosław Zagaja
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kaczmarczyk-Ziemba
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics and Biosystematics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, WitaStwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Maj
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Andres-Mach
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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118
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Seel W, Reiners S, Kipp K, Simon MC, Dawczynski C. Role of Dietary Fiber and Energy Intake on Gut Microbiome in Vegans, Vegetarians, and Flexitarians in Comparison to Omnivores-Insights from the Nutritional Evaluation (NuEva) Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:1914. [PMID: 37111133 PMCID: PMC10146654 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a global trend towards a plant-based lifestyle. In the NuEva study, dietary self-reports of 258 participants following one of four diets (Western diet (WD), flexitarians (Flex), vegetarians (VG), and vegans (VN)) were related to fecal microbiome composition. Reduced consumption of animal products (VN < VG < Flex < WD) was associated with a decreased intake of energy (p < 0.05), and an increased intake of soluble and non-soluble dietary fibers (p < 0.05). We observed the lowest average microbiome diversity in vegans and the highest in WD. Compared to WD, VG (p < 0.05) and VN (p < 0.01) differed significantly in their bacterial composition. These data were related to dietary fiber intake. Furthermore, we identified 14 diet-specific biomarkers at the genus level by using LefSe analysis. Of these, 11 showed minimum or maximum counts in WD or VN. While the VN-specific species were inversely associated with cardiovascular risk factors, a positive association was detected for the WD-specific species. Identifying biomarkers for the diets on extreme ends of the spectrum (WD and VN) and their association with cardiovascular risk factors provides a solid evidence base highlighting the potential and the need for the development of personalized recommendations dependent on dietary patterns. Even so, the mechanisms underlying these diet-specific differences in microbiome composition cannot yet be clearly assessed. The elucidation of these associations will provide the basis for personalized nutritional recommendations based on the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Seel
- Nutrition and Microbiota, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53012 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Reiners
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Kristin Kipp
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Sophien- and Hufeland Hospital, Henry-van-de-Velde-Str. 1, 99425 Weimar, Germany
| | - Marie-Christin Simon
- Nutrition and Microbiota, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53012 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Dawczynski
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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119
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Cai M, Zhu H, Xu L, Wang J, Xu J, Li Z, Yang K, Wu J, Sun P. Structure, anti-fatigue activity and regulation on gut microflora in vivo of ethanol-fractional polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123572. [PMID: 36754265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was to investigate the antifatigue, prebiotic effects and their relationships to the structure properties of three ethanol precipitated polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale (EPDO), as EPDO-40, EPDO-60 and EPDO-80. EPDOs with anti-fatigue activity were screened out by forced swimming test, and blood lactic acid (BLA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), superoxide dismutase (SOD), liver glycogen, muscle glycogen, and intestinal microflora were investigated. Results showed that purified EPDO-60, 277.3 kDa, with a backbone consisted of 4-Manp and 4-Glcp. EPDO-60 had the best anti-fatigue activity, because it could significantly prolong the forced swimming time, as well as down-regulating the levels of BLA and BUN, increasing SOD. Proportions of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in gut microflora increased after treated with EPDO-60. Accordingly, EPDO-60 could affect the community structure of gut microflora, leading to promote the balance of oxidation and antioxidation, and accelerated the fatigue metabolism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cai
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- Longevity Valley Botanical Co., Ltd., Zhejiang 321200, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Longevity Valley Botanical Co., Ltd., Zhejiang 321200, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Wu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Peilong Sun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, People's Republic of China
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Shi H, Li X, Hou C, Chen L, Zhang Y, Li J. Effects of Pomegranate Peel Polyphenols Combined with Inulin on Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites of High-Fat-Induced Obesity Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5733-5744. [PMID: 36996454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pomegranate peel polyphenols (PPPs) and inulin have been reported to have lipid-lowering effects. Here, the effects of PPPs combined with inulin on obesity traits and the change of the gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and serum metabolomics profiles in rats with a high-fat diet (HFD) were investigated. According to the experimental results, PPPs were most effective in reducing the body weight and serum and liver lipid levels. Besides, PPPs ameliorated the disorder of gut microbiota, in particular, the enrichment of SCFA producers, such as Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Bacteroides, and Allobaculum, and the depletion of the Blautia and unclassified Lachnospiraceae population. PPPs also regulated the levels of metabolites changed by HFD feeding via tryptophan metabolism, valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, and arachidonic acid metabolism pathways. The correlation analysis showed that PPPs remitted HFD-induced elevation in triglycerides (TGs), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels and lowered high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels through regulating the gut microbiota, SCFAs, and related metabolites. These findings elucidated that PPPs have a good anti-obesity effect. This study extends the understanding of PPP effects on high-fat-induced obesity, which includes the relationship among gut microbiota, SCFAs, serum metabolites, and TG-, IL-6- and TNF-α- lowering and HDL-elevating functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidan Shi
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Chen Hou
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yuhuan Zhang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jianke Li
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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Yntema T, Koonen DPY, Kuipers F. Emerging Roles of Gut Microbial Modulation of Bile Acid Composition in the Etiology of Cardiovascular Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081850. [PMID: 37111068 PMCID: PMC10141989 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in preventive measures and treatment options, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the number one cause of death globally. Recent research has challenged the traditional risk factor profile and highlights the potential contribution of non-traditional factors in CVD, such as the gut microbiota and its metabolites. Disturbances in the gut microbiota have been repeatedly associated with CVD, including atherosclerosis and hypertension. Mechanistic studies support a causal role of microbiota-derived metabolites in disease development, such as short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and bile acids, with the latter being elaborately discussed in this review. Bile acids represent a class of cholesterol derivatives that is essential for intestinal absorption of lipids and fat-soluble vitamins, plays an important role in cholesterol turnover and, as more recently discovered, acts as a group of signaling molecules that exerts hormonal functions throughout the body. Studies have shown mediating roles of bile acids in the control of lipid metabolism, immunity, and heart function. Consequently, a picture has emerged of bile acids acting as integrators and modulators of cardiometabolic pathways, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets in CVD. In this review, we provide an overview of alterations in the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism found in CVD patients, describe the molecular mechanisms through which bile acids may modulate CVD risk, and discuss potential bile-acid-based treatment strategies in relation to CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess Yntema
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Debby P Y Koonen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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Esquivel-Hernández DA, Martínez-López YE, Sánchez-Castañeda JP, Neri-Rosario D, Padrón-Manrique C, Giron-Villalobos D, Mendoza-Ortíz C, Resendis-Antonio O. A network perspective on the ecology of gut microbiota and progression of type 2 diabetes: Linkages to keystone taxa in a Mexican cohort. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1128767. [PMID: 37124757 PMCID: PMC10130651 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1128767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The human gut microbiota (GM) is a dynamic system which ecological interactions among the community members affect the host metabolism. Understanding the principles that rule the bidirectional communication between GM and its host, is one of the most valuable enterprise for uncovering how bacterial ecology influences the clinical variables in the host. Methods Here, we used SparCC to infer association networks in 16S rRNA gene amplicon data from the GM of a cohort of Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in different stages: NG (normoglycemic), IFG (impaired fasting glucose), IGT (impaired glucose tolerance), IFG + IGT (impaired fasting glucose plus impaired glucose tolerance), T2D and T2D treated (T2D with a 5-year ongoing treatment). Results By exploring the network topology from the different stages of T2D, we observed that, as the disease progress, the networks lose the association between bacteria. It suggests that the microbial community becomes highly sensitive to perturbations in individuals with T2D. With the purpose to identify those genera that guide this transition, we computationally found keystone taxa (driver nodes) and core genera for a Mexican T2D cohort. Altogether, we suggest a set of genera driving the progress of the T2D in a Mexican cohort, among them Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group, Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, Ruminococcaceae UCG-002, Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, Alistipes, Anaerostipes, and Terrisporobacter. Discussion Based on a network approach, this study suggests a set of genera that can serve as a potential biomarker to distinguish the distinct degree of advances in T2D for a Mexican cohort of patients. Beyond limiting our conclusion to one population, we present a computational pipeline to link ecological networks and clinical stages in T2D, and desirable aim to advance in the field of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoscelina Estrella Martínez-López
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, University of Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Jean Paul Sánchez-Castañeda
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Daniel Neri-Rosario
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Cristian Padrón-Manrique
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - David Giron-Villalobos
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Cristian Mendoza-Ortíz
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Osbaldo Resendis-Antonio
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Coordinación de la Investigación Científica – Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Zhuang Y, Lin Y, Sun H, Zhang Z, Wang T, Fan R, Han L. Gut Microbiota in Children with Hand Foot and Mouth Disease on 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:159. [PMID: 37004682 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious and seasonal viral disease in children. The gut microbiota of HFMD children is not clear now. The study aimed to explore the gut microbiota of HFMD children. The 16S rRNA gene of the gut microbiota of ten HFMD patients and ten healthy children were sequenced on the NovaSeq and PacBio platforms respectively. There were significant differences in gut microbiota between the patients and healthy children. The diversity and abundance of gut microbiota in HFMD patients were lower than that in healthy children. The species Roseburia inulinivorans and Romboutsia timonensis were more abundant in healthy children than those in HFMD patients, which suggests that the two species may be used as probiotics for adjusting the gut microbiota of HFMD patients. Meanwhile, the results of 16S rRNA gene sequences from the two platforms were different. The NovaSeq platform identified more microbiota and has the characteristics of high throughput, short time and low price. However, the NovaSeq platform has low resolution at the species level. The PacBio platform has high resolution based on its long reads length, which is more suitable for species-level analysis. But, the shortcomings of the high price and low throughput of PacBio still need to be overcome. With the development of sequencing technology, the reduction in sequencing price and the increase in throughput will promote the third-generation sequencing technology used in the study of gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- School of Public Health and Laboratory, Qilu Medical University, Zibo, 255300, China
| | - Yiyan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Hongxia Sun
- Department of Paediatric, the First Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, 255200, China
| | - Zaiting Zhang
- Department of Paediatric, the First Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, 255200, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Paediatric, the First Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, 255200, China
| | - Rongjun Fan
- School of Public Health and Laboratory, Qilu Medical University, Zibo, 255300, China.
| | - Lu Han
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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Zheng L, Cao T, Xiong P, Ma Y, Wei L, Wang J. Characterization of the oral microbiome and gut microbiome of dental caries and extrinsic black stain in preschool children. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1081629. [PMID: 37065128 PMCID: PMC10103904 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1081629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionA lower prevalence of dental caries (hereafter termed “caries”) has been observed in children with dental extrinsic black stain (EBS).MethodsWe investigated the epidemiologic characterization of EBS and explored the possible role of the oral microbiome (OM) and gut microbiome (GM) in EBS formation and caries prevention. In an epidemiologic survey, 2,675 children aged 3–6 years were included. Thirty-eight of these children (7 children had both caries and EBS, 10 had EBS only, 11 had caries only, and 10 were healthy children) were recruited for 16S rRNA sequencing and collection of samples of supragingival plaque and feces. Collected plaque samples were divided into four groups: BCP (EBS+, caries+), BP (EBS+, caries−), CP (EBS−, caries+), and P (EBS−, caries−). Fecal samples were also divided into four groups: BCF (EBS+, caries+), BF (EBS+, caries−), CF (EBS−, caries+), and F (EBS−, caries−).ResultsEBS was observed in 12.10% of this population. Children with EBS had a significantly reduced prevalence of caries and a lower mean value of decayed–missing–filled teeth (dmft; p < 0.01). According to analyses of dental plaque, the P group had the most complex microbiome. The BCP group exhibited greater operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness but a reduced evenness compared with the BP group, and the CP group showed greater OTU richness than the BP group. At the genus level, higher abundance of Actinomyces and Cardiobacterium species was observed in the BCP group. Higher abundance of Lautropia and Pesudopropionibacteriumin species was observed in the BP group compared with P and CP groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Veillonella species were significantly more common in P and CP groups than in BP groups, whereas Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium species were more common in the CP group (p < 0.05). With regard to the GM, the CF group exhibited greater OTU diversity than the BF group. The GM in the BCF group exhibited the most complex relationships across all fecal groups. GM groups could be distinguished by various unique biomarkers, such as Escherichia and Shigella species in the BCF group, Agathobacter and Ruminococcus species in the CF group, Lactobacillus species in the BF group, and Roseburia species in the F group. Our results suggest that EBS is a possible protective factor against early-childhood caries. Dental plaque and the GM may be relevant to EBS in primary dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoyuan Zheng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University,, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingting Cao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University,, Wenzhou, China
| | - Puling Xiong
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University,, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yulian Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University,, Wenzhou, China
| | - Limin Wei
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Limin Wei, ; Jianfeng Wang,
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Limin Wei, ; Jianfeng Wang,
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Tsounis EP, Triantos C, Konstantakis C, Marangos M, Assimakopoulos SF. Intestinal barrier dysfunction as a key driver of severe COVID-19. World J Virol 2023; 12:68-90. [PMID: 37033148 PMCID: PMC10075050 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v12.i2.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal lumen harbors a diverse consortium of microorganisms that participate in reciprocal crosstalk with intestinal immune cells and with epithelial and endothelial cells, forming a multi-layered barrier that enables the efficient absorption of nutrients without an excessive influx of pathogens. Despite being a lung-centered disease, severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects multiple systems, including the gastrointestinal tract and the pertinent gut barrier function. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can inflict either direct cytopathic injury to intestinal epithelial and endothelial cells or indirect immune-mediated damage. Alternatively, SARS-CoV-2 undermines the structural integrity of the barrier by modifying the expression of tight junction proteins. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 induces profound alterations to the intestinal microflora at phylogenetic and metabolomic levels (dysbiosis) that are accompanied by disruption of local immune responses. The ensuing dysregulation of the gut-lung axis impairs the ability of the respiratory immune system to elicit robust and timely responses to restrict viral infection. The intestinal vasculature is vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2-induced endothelial injury, which simultaneously triggers the activation of the innate immune and coagulation systems, a condition referred to as “immunothrombosis” that drives severe thrombotic complications. Finally, increased intestinal permeability allows an aberrant dissemination of bacteria, fungi, and endotoxin into the systemic circulation and contributes, to a certain degree, to the over-exuberant immune responses and hyper-inflammation that dictate the severe form of COVID-19. In this review, we aim to elucidate SARS-CoV-2-mediated effects on gut barrier homeostasis and their implications on the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymios P Tsounis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University Hospital of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Christos Triantos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University Hospital of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Christos Konstantakis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University Hospital of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Markos Marangos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, University Hospital of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Stelios F Assimakopoulos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, University Hospital of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
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Tajasuwan L, Kettawan A, Rungruang T, Wunjuntuk K, Prombutara P. Role of Dietary Defatted Rice Bran in the Modulation of Gut Microbiota in AOM/DSS-Induced Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Rat Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061528. [PMID: 36986258 PMCID: PMC10052090 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Defatted rice bran (DRB) is a by-product of rice bran derived after the oil extraction. DRB contains several bioactive compounds, including dietary fiber and phytochemicals. The supplementation with DRB manifests chemopreventive effects in terms of anti-chronic inflammation, anti-cell proliferation, and anti-tumorigenesis in the azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) model in rats. However, little is known about its effect on gut microbiota. Herein, we investigated the effect of DRB on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, colonic goblet cell loss, and mucus layer thickness in the AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated CRC rat model. The results suggested that DRB enhanced the production of beneficial bacteria (Alloprevotella, Prevotellaceae UCG-001, Ruminococcus, Roseburia, Butyricicoccus) and lessened the production of harmful bacteria (Turicibacter, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Escherichia-Shigella, Citrobacter) present in colonic feces, mucosa, and tumors. In addition, DRB also assisted the cecal SCFAs (acetate, propionate, butyrate) production. Furthermore, DRB restored goblet cell loss and improved the thickness of the mucus layer in colonic tissue. These findings suggested that DRB could be used as a prebiotic supplement to modulate gut microbiota dysbiosis, which decreases the risks of CRC, therefore encouraging further research on the utilization of DRB in various nutritional health products to promote the health-beneficial bacteria in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleewan Tajasuwan
- Graduate Student in Doctor of Philosophy Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Aikkarach Kettawan
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Thanaporn Rungruang
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kansuda Wunjuntuk
- Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Pinidphon Prombutara
- OMICS Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Eleftheriotis G, Tsounis EP, Aggeletopoulou I, Dousdampanis P, Triantos C, Mouzaki A, Marangos M, Assimakopoulos SF. Alterations in gut immunological barrier in SARS-CoV-2 infection and their prognostic potential. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1129190. [PMID: 37006316 PMCID: PMC10050566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1129190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily associated with mild respiratory symptoms, a subset of patients may develop more complicated disease with systemic complications and multiple organ injury. The gastrointestinal tract may be directly infected by SARS-CoV-2 or secondarily affected by viremia and the release of inflammatory mediators that cause viral entry from the respiratory epithelium. Impaired intestinal barrier function in SARS-CoV-2 infection is a key factor leading to excessive microbial and endotoxin translocation, which triggers a strong systemic immune response and leads to the development of viral sepsis syndrome with severe sequelae. Multiple components of the gut immune system are affected, resulting in a diminished or dysfunctional gut immunological barrier. Antiviral peptides, inflammatory mediators, immune cell chemotaxis, and secretory immunoglobulins are important parameters that are negatively affected in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mucosal CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, Th17 cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and macrophages are activated, and the number of regulatory T cells decreases, promoting an overactivated immune response with increased expression of type I and III interferons and other proinflammatory cytokines. The changes in the immunologic barrier could be promoted in part by a dysbiotic gut microbiota, through commensal-derived signals and metabolites. On the other hand, the proinflammatory intestinal environment could further compromise the integrity of the intestinal epithelium by promoting enterocyte apoptosis and disruption of tight junctions. This review summarizes the changes in the gut immunological barrier during SARS-CoV-2 infection and their prognostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Eleftheriotis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Efthymios P. Tsounis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna Aggeletopoulou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Laboratory of Immunohematology, Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Periklis Dousdampanis
- Department of Renal Diseases, “Agios Andreas” Patras State General Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Triantos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Athanasia Mouzaki
- Laboratory of Immunohematology, Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Markos Marangos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stelios F. Assimakopoulos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- *Correspondence: Stelios F. Assimakopoulos,
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Cui X, Su Y, Huang X, Chen J, Ma J, Liao P, He X. Combined analysis of plasma metabolome and intestinal microbiome sequencing to explore jiashen prescription and its potential role in changing intestine–heart axis and effect on chronic heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1147438. [PMID: 36970332 PMCID: PMC10036802 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1147438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHeart failure (HF) is a syndrome with global clinical and socioeconomic burden worldwide owing to its poor prognosis. Jiashen Prescription (JSP), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, exhibits unambiguous effects on treating HF. Previously, we have reported that underlying mechanisms of JSP by an untargeted metabolomics approach, but the contribution of gut microbiota and metabolic interaction to the cardioprotective efficacy of JSP remains to be elucidated.Materials and methodsFirstly, the rat model of heart failure was established by the permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The efficacy evaluation of JSP in treating HF rats was per-formed by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC/MS-based metabolomic analysis were utilized to explore the characteristics of cecal-contents microecology and plasma metabolic profile, respectively. After that, the correlation between intestinal micro-ecological characteristics and plasma metabolic characteristics was analyzed to explore the potential mechanism of the JSP treatment in HF.ResultsJSP could improve the cardiac function of heart failure rats and thus ameliorate heart failure via enhancing rat LVEF. Results of intestinal flora analysis revealed that JSP not only adjusted gut microbiota disturbances by enriching species diversity, reducing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria (such as Allobaculum, Brevinema), as well as increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria (such as Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group), but also improved metabolic disorders by reversing metabolite plasma levels to normality. Through the conjoint analysis of 8 metabolites and the OTUs relative abundance data in the 16srRNA sequencing results by WGCNA method, 215 floras significantly related to the eight compounds were identified. The results of the correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between intestinal microbiota and plasma metabolic profile, especially the significant correlation of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 and Protoporphyrin IX, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and nicotinamide, dihydrofolic acid.ConclusionThe present study illustrated the underlying mechanism of JSP to treat heart failure by affecting intestinal flora and plasma metabolites, provide a potential therapeutic strategy against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialian Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyan Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaping Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiran Liao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peiran Liao
| | - Xin He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Xin He
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129
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Saito Y, Sagae T. Defecation status, intestinal microbiota, and habitual diet are associated with the fecal bile acid composition: a cross-sectional study in community-dwelling young participants. Eur J Nutr 2023:10.1007/s00394-023-03126-8. [PMID: 36881180 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bile acid (BA) metabolism by intestinal bacteria is associated with the risk of gastrointestinal diseases; additionally, its control has become a modern strategy for treating metabolic diseases. This cross-sectional study investigated the influence of defecation status, intestinal microbiota, and habitual diet on fecal BA composition in 67 community-dwelling young participants. METHODS Feces were collected for intestinal microbiota and BA analyses; data about defecation status and dietary habits were collected using the Bristol stool form scales and a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire, respectively. The participants were categorized into four clusters based on their fecal BA composition, according to cluster analysis, and tertiles based on deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA) levels. RESULTS The high primary BA (priBA) cluster with high fecal cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) levels had the highest frequency of normal feces, whereas the second BA (secBA) cluster with high levels of fecal DCA and LCA had the lowest. Alternately, the high-priBA cluster had a distinct intestinal microbiota, with higher Clostridium subcluster XIVa and lower Clostridium cluster IV and Bacteroides. The low-secBA cluster with low fecal DCA and LCA levels had the lowest animal fat intake. Nevertheless, the insoluble fiber intake of the high-priBA cluster was significantly higher than that of the high-secBA cluster. CONCLUSION High fecal CA and CDCA levels were associated with distinct intestinal microbiota. Conversely, high levels of cytotoxic DCA and LCA were associated with increased animal fat intake and decreased frequency of normal feces and insoluble fiber intake. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Center system (UMIN000045639); date of registration: 15/11/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Saito
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1, Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0112, Japan.
- Department of Human Life Sciences, Sakura no Seibo Junior College, Fukushima, Japan.
| | - Toyoaki Sagae
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Yamagata Prefectural Yonezawa University of Nutrition Sciences, Yamagata, Japan
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130
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Ordoñez-Rodriguez A, Roman P, Rueda-Ruzafa L, Campos-Rios A, Cardona D. Changes in Gut Microbiota and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20054624. [PMID: 36901634 PMCID: PMC10001679 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease mediated by autoimmune reactions against myelin proteins and gangliosides in the grey and white matter of the brain and spinal cord. It is considered one of the most common neurological diseases of non-traumatic origin in young people, especially in women. Recent studies point to a possible association between MS and gut microbiota. Intestinal dysbiosis has been observed, as well as an alteration of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, although clinical data remain scarce and inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review on the relationship between gut microbiota and multiple sclerosis. METHOD The systematic review was conducted in the first quarter of 2022. The articles included were selected and compiled from different electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Proquest, Cochrane, and CINAHL. The keywords used in the search were: "multiple sclerosis", "gut microbiota", and "microbiome". RESULTS 12 articles were selected for the systematic review. Among the studies that analysed alpha and beta diversity, only three found significant differences with respect to the control. In terms of taxonomy, the data are contradictory, but confirm an alteration of the microbiota marked by a decrease in Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, Coprococcus, Butyricicoccus, Lachnospira, Dorea, Faecalibacterium, and Prevotella and an increase in Bacteroidetes, Akkermansia, Blautia, and Ruminocococcus. As for short-chain fatty acids, in general, a decrease in short-chain fatty acids, in particular butyrate, was observed. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota dysbiosis was found in multiple sclerosis patients compared to controls. Most of the altered bacteria are short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing, which could explain the chronic inflammation that characterises this disease. Therefore, future studies should consider the characterisation and manipulation of the multiple sclerosis-associated microbiome as a focus of both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Roman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Health Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Lola Rueda-Ruzafa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Campos-Rios
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, CINBIO, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IISGS), 15706 Vigo, Spain
| | - Diana Cardona
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Health Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain
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131
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Chen HH, Wang YX, Li DF, Liu C, Bi SY, Jiang CY, Liu SJ. Chemoreceptors from the commensal gut Roseburia rectibacter bind to mucin and trigger chemotaxis. Environ Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 36869629 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemotaxis is crucial for bacterial adherence and colonization of the host gastrointestinal tract. Previous studies have demonstrated that chemotaxis affects the virulence of causative pathogens and the infection in the host. However, the chemotactic abilities of non-pathogenic and commensal gut bacteria have rarely been explored. We observed that Roseburia rectibacter NSJ-69 exhibited flagella-dependent motility and chemotaxis to a variety of molecules, including mucin and propionate. A genome-wide analysis revealed that NSJ-69 has 28 putative chemoreceptors, 15 of which have periplasmic ligand-binding domains (LBDs). These LBD-coding genes were chemically synthesized and expressed heterologously in Escherichia coli. Intensive screening of ligands revealed four chemoreceptors bound to mucin and two bound to propionate. When expressed in Comamonas testosteroni or E. coli, these chemoreceptors elicited chemotaxis toward mucin and propionate. Hybrid chemoreceptors were constructed, and results showed that the chemotactic responses to mucin and propionate were dependent on the LBDs of R. rectibacter chemoreceptors. Our study identified and characterized R. rectibacter chemoreceptors. These results will facilitate further investigations on the involvement of microbial chemotaxis in host colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-He Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Yu Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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132
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Tanelian A, Nankova B, Cheriyan A, Arens C, Hu F, Sabban EL. Differences in gut microbiota associated with stress resilience and susceptibility to single prolonged stress in female rodents. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 24:100533. [PMID: 36970450 PMCID: PMC10034505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to traumatic stress is a major risk factor for the development of neuropsychiatric disorders in a subpopulation of individuals, whereas others remain resilient. The determinants of resilience and susceptibility remain unclear. Here, we aimed to characterize the microbial, immunological, and molecular differences between stress-susceptible and stress-resilient female rats before and after exposure to a traumatic experience. Animals were randomly divided into unstressed controls (n = 10) and experimental groups (n = 16) exposed to Single Prolonged Stress (SPS), an animal model of PTSD. Fourteen days later, all rats underwent a battery of behavioral tests and were sacrificed the following day to collect different organs. Stool samples were collected before and after SPS. Behavioral analyses revealed divergent responses to SPS. The SPS treated animals were further subdivided into SPS-resilient (SPS-R) and SPS-susceptible (SPS-S) subgroups. Comparative analysis of fecal 16S sequencing before and after SPS exposure indicated significant differences in the gut microbial composition, functionality, and metabolites of the SPS-R and SPS-S subgroups. In line with the observed distinct behavioral phenotypes, the SPS-S subgroup displayed higher blood-brain barrier permeability and neuroinflammation relative to the SPS-R and/or controls. These results indicate, for the first time, pre-existing and trauma-induced differences in the gut microbial composition and functionality of female rats that relate to their ability to cope with traumatic stress. Further characterization of these factors will be crucial for understanding susceptibility and fostering resilience, especially in females, who are more likely than males to develop mood disorders.
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133
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Analysis of the effects of Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit polyphenols on immune function in mice through gut microbiota and metabolomics: An in vivo preclinical trial study. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
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134
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Carbia C, Bastiaanssen TFS, Iannone LF, García-Cabrerizo R, Boscaini S, Berding K, Strain CR, Clarke G, Stanton C, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. The Microbiome-Gut-Brain axis regulates social cognition & craving in young binge drinkers. EBioMedicine 2023; 89:104442. [PMID: 36739238 PMCID: PMC10025767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge drinking is the consumption of an excessive amount of alcohol in a short period of time. This pattern of consumption is highly prevalent during the crucial developmental period of adolescence. Recently, the severity of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) has been linked with microbiome alterations suggesting a role for the gut microbiome in its development. Furthermore, a strong link has emerged too between microbiome composition and socio-emotional functioning across different disorders including AUD. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential link (and its predictive value) between alcohol-related altered microbial profile, social cognition, impulsivity and craving. METHODS Young people (N = 71) aged 18-25 reported their alcohol use and underwent a neuropsychological evaluation. Craving was measured at baseline and three months later. Diet was controlled for. Blood, saliva and hair samples were taken for inflammatory, kynurenine and cortisol analysis. Stool samples were provided for shotgun metagenomic sequencing and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured. FINDINGS Binge drinking was associated with distinct microbiome alterations and emotional recognition difficulties. Associations were found for several microbiome species with emotional processing and impulsivity. Craving showed a strong link with alterations in microbiome composition and neuroactive potential over time. INTERPRETATION In conclusion, this research demonstrates alterations in the gut microbiome of young binge drinkers (BDs) and identifies early biomarkers of craving. Associations between emotional processing and microbiome composition further support the growing literature on the gut microbiome as a regulator of social cognition. These findings are of relevance for new gut-derived interventions directed at improving early alcohol-related alterations during the vulnerability period of adolescence. FUNDING C.C. and R.G-C. received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 754535. APC Microbiome Ireland is a research centre funded by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), through the Irish Government's National Development Plan [grant no. SFI/12/RC/2273_P2]. J.F.C has research support from Cremo, Pharmavite, DuPont and Nutricia. He has spoken at meetings sponsored by food and pharmaceutical companies. G.C. has received honoraria from Janssen, Probi, and Apsen as an invited speaker; is in receipt of research funding from Pharmavite, Fonterra, Nestle and Reckitt; and is a paid consultant for Yakult, Zentiva and Heel pharmaceuticals. All the authors declare no competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Carbia
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | - Serena Boscaini
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kirsten Berding
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Gual-Grau A, Guirro M, Boqué N, Arola L. Physiological, metabolic and microbial responses to obesogenic cafeteria diet in rats: The impact of strain and sex. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 117:109338. [PMID: 36997035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Cafeteria (CAF) diet is known to accurately mimic the human Western diet in modern societies, thereby inducing severe obesity accompanied by drastic alterations on the gut microbiome in animal models. Notably, the dietary impact in the gut microbiota composition might be influenced by genetic factors, thus distinctively predisposing the host to pathological states such as obesity. Therefore, we hypothesized that the influence of strain and sex on CAF-induced microbial dysbiosis leads to distinct obese-like metabolic and phenotypic profiles. To address our hypothesis, two distinct cohorts of male Wistar and Fischer 344 rats, as well as male and female Fischer 344 animals, were chronically fed with a standard (STD) or a CAF diet for 10 weeks. The serum fasting levels of glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol, as well as the gut microbiota composition, were determined. CAF diet triggered hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia in Fischer rats, while Wistar animals developed a marked obese phenotype and severe gut microbiome dysbiosis. Furthermore, CAF diet-induced changes on gut microbiota were related to more profound alterations in body composition of female than male rats. We revealed that distinct rat strains and genders chronically consuming a free-choice CAF diet develop distinct and robust microbiota perturbations. Overall, we showed that genetic background might have a key role in diet-induced obesity, thus distinguishing the suitability of different animal models for future nutritional studies focused on gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by a CAF dietary model.
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136
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Cao Y, Liu H, Teng Y, Zhang S, Zhu B, Xia X. Gut microbiota mediates the anti-colitis effects of polysaccharides derived from Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:1989-2007. [PMID: 36723100 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02712g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is closely associated with the disturbance of gut microbiota. Crude polysaccharide-rich extract from Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye has been proven to alleviate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-triggered colitis. However, it remains unclear whether the polysaccharides from Rhopilema esculentum (REP) in the extract play a predominant role in ameliorating colitis and whether gut microbiota mediates the beneficial effect of REP. Herein, we aimed to investigate the anti-colitis effects of REP and its mechanisms and to explore the role of REP-modulated gut microbiota in alleviating colitis in mice. Oral REP supplementation ameliorated the symptoms, inflammatory responses, colonic damage and gut microbial dysbiosis in colitic mice. REP significantly enriched SCFA-producing bacteria such as Roseburia and probiotics such as Bifidobacterium and restored the level of SCFAs especially butyric acid and propionic acid. Next, we found that transplantation of microbiota from REP-treated mice alleviated DSS-induced acute colitis, evidenced by improved gut barrier integrity and lower inflammation compared with mice receiving microbiota from control mice. Notably, dramatically enriched Bifidobacterium, Faecalibaculum and SCFA-producing bacteria including Butyricicoccus and Roseburia were found in mice receiving microbiota from the REP-treated donor mice. Lastly, the protective effect of REP supplementation on colitis was abolished in the antibiotic-treated mice. Overall, our findings suggest that REP could alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice by regulating the imbalance of the microbiome. The polysaccharides of Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye have the potential to be developed into promising prebiotic agents for rectifying dysbiosis of gut microbiota and preventing UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China. .,National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.
| | - Yue Teng
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.
| | - Siteng Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China. .,National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China. .,College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
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137
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Huang KC, Chang YT, Pranata R, Cheng YH, Chen YC, Kuo PC, Huang YH, Tzen JTC, Chen RJ. Alleviation of Hyperuricemia by Strictinin in AML12 Mouse Hepatocytes Treated with Xanthine and in Mice Treated with Potassium Oxonate. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020329. [PMID: 36829604 PMCID: PMC9953564 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia, an abnormally high level of blood uric acid, is a major risk factor for gout. Although xanthine oxidase inhibitors were clinically used to lower blood uric acid level, the concerned side effects restricted their utilization. In this study, strictinin, an abundant polyphenol in Pu'er tea, was evaluated for its preventive effects on hyperuricemia. The results showed that the xanthine oxidase activity, uric acid production, and inflammation in AML12 mouse hepatocytes treated with xanthine were significantly reduced by the supplementation of strictinin. Detailed analyses revealed that strictinin inhibited xanthine-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Consistently, the elevated blood uric acid level and the enhanced xanthine oxidase activity in mice treated with potassium oxonate were effectively diminished by strictinin supplementation. Moreover, for the first time, strictinin was found to promote healthy gut microbiota. Overall, strictinin possesses a great potential to be utilized as a functional ingredient for the prevention of hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ching Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Hospital, Tainan 736, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chang
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Rosita Pranata
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jason T. C. Tzen
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.T.C.T.); (R.-J.C.)
| | - Rong-Jane Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.T.C.T.); (R.-J.C.)
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138
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Wu X, Huang X, Ma W, Li M, Wen J, Chen C, Liu L, Nie S. Bioactive polysaccharides promote gut immunity via different ways. Food Funct 2023; 14:1387-1400. [PMID: 36633119 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03181g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Numerous kinds of bioactive polysaccharides are identified as having intestinal immunomodulatory activity; however, the ways in which the different polysaccharides work differ. Therefore, we selected nine representative bioactive polysaccharides, including xanthan gum, inulin, guar gum, arabinogalactan, carrageenan, glucomannan, araboxylan, xylan, and fucoidan, and compared their intestinal immunomodulatory mechanisms. A cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed model was used in this experiment, and the effects of these polysaccharides on the number of T cells in the intestinal mucosa, expression of transcription factors and inflammatory factors, intestinal metabolome and gut microbiota were compared and discussed. The results revealed that the nine polysaccharides promote intestinal immunity in different ways. In detail, guar gum, inulin and glucomannan better alleviated immune suppression in intestinal mucosal T cells. Inulin improved the intestinal microenvironment by significantly upregulating the abundance of Lactobacillus and Monoglobus and promoted short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Fucoidan and carrageenan promoted the colonization of the beneficial bacteria Rikenella and Roseburia. In addition, fucoidan, inulin and carrageenan inhibited the colonization of harmful bacteria Helicobacter, upregulated the abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014 and alleviated the accumulation of amino acids, bile acids and indoles in the large intestine. In conclusion, our study uncovered the different intestinal immunomodulatory mechanisms of the different polysaccharides and provided a guideline for the development of superior intestinal immunomodulatory polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Wanning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Mingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jiajia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Chunhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Liandi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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139
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Brdarić E, Popović D, Soković Bajić S, Tucović D, Mutić J, Čakić-Milošević M, Đurđić S, Tolinački M, Aleksandrov AP, Golić N, Mirkov I, Živković M. Orally Administrated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8-Derived EPS-AN8 Ameliorates Cd Hazards in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032845. [PMID: 36769176 PMCID: PMC9917968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal that is distributed worldwide. Exposure to it is correlated with a vast number of diseases and organism malfunctions. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8, EPS-AN8, previously showed great potential for the in vitro protection of intestinal cells from this metal. Here, we investigated the potential of food supplemented with EPS-AN8 to protect rats from the hazardous effects of Cd exposure. After thirty days of exposure to lower (5 ppm) and higher (50 ppm)-Cd doses, the administration of EPS-AN8 led to decreased Cd content in the kidneys, liver, and blood compared to only Cd-treated groups, whereas the fecal Cd content was strongly enriched. In addition, EPS-AN8 reversed Cd-provoked effects on the most significant parameters of oxidative stress (MDA, CAT, GST, and GSH) and inflammation (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) in the duodenum. Moreover, micrographs of the duodenum were in line with these findings. As the gut microbiota has an important role in maintaining homeostasis, we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and investigated the effects of Cd and EPS-AN8 on one part of the microbiota presented in the duodenum. Although Cd decreased the growth of lactobacilli and mostly favored the blooming of opportunistic pathogen bacteria, parallel intake of EPS-AN8 reversed those changes. Therefore, our results imply that EPS-AN8 might be extremely noteworthy in combatting this toxic environmental pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Brdarić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušanka Popović
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11062 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Soković Bajić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dina Tucović
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11062 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mutić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Čakić-Milošević
- Institute of Zoology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Biology, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađana Đurđić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Tolinački
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Popov Aleksandrov
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11062 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Golić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Mirkov
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11062 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Živković
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence:
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The impact of bariatric surgery on colorectal cancer risk. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2023; 19:144-157. [PMID: 36446717 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is considered a risk factor for different types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Bariatric surgery has been associated with improvements in obesity-related co-morbidities and reductions in overall cancer risk. However, given the contradictory outcomes of several cohort studies, the impact of bariatric surgery on CRC risk appears controversial. Furthermore, measurement of CRC biomarkers following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has revealed hyperproliferation and increased pro-inflammatory gene expression in the rectal mucosa. The proposed mechanisms leading to increased CRC risk are alterations of the gut microbiota and exposure of the colorectum to high concentrations of bile acids, both of which are caused by RYGB-induced anatomical rearrangements. Studies in animals and humans have highlighted the similarities between RYGB-induced microbial profiles and the gut microbiota documented in CRC. Microbial alterations common to post-RYGB cases and CRC include the enrichment of pro-inflammatory microbes and reduction in butyrate-producing bacteria. Lower concentrations of butyrate following RYGB may also contribute to an increased risk of CRC, given the anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic properties of this molecule. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy appears to have a more moderate impact than RYGB; however, relatively few animal and human studies have investigated its effects on CRC risk. Moreover, evidence regarding the impact of anastomosis gastric bypass on one is even more limited. Therefore, further studies are required to establish whether the potential increase in CRC risk is restricted to RYGB or may also be associated with other bariatric procedures.
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Li C, Li X, Guo R, Ni W, Liu K, Liu Z, Dai J, Xu Y, Abduriyim S, Wu Z, Zeng Y, Lei B, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zeng W, Zhang Q, Chen C, Qiao J, Liu C, Hu S. Expanded catalogue of metagenome-assembled genomes reveals resistome characteristics and athletic performance-associated microbes in horse. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:7. [PMID: 36631912 PMCID: PMC9835274 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a domesticated species vital to humans, horses are raised worldwide as a source of mechanical energy for sports, leisure, food production, and transportation. The gut microbiota plays an important role in the health, diseases, athletic performance, and behaviour of horses. RESULTS Here, using approximately 2.2 Tb of metagenomic sequencing data from gut samples from 242 horses, including 110 samples from the caecum and 132 samples from the rectum (faeces), we assembled 4142 microbial metagenome-assembled genomes (MAG), 4015 (96.93%) of which appear to correspond to new species. From long-read data, we successfully assembled 13 circular whole-chromosome bacterial genomes representing novel species. The MAG contained over 313,568 predicted carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZy), over 59.77% of which had low similarity match in CAZy public databases. High abundance and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) were identified in the MAG, likely showing the wide use of antibiotics in the management of horse. The abundances of at least 36 MAG (e.g. MAG belonging to Lachnospiraceae, Oscillospiraceae, and Ruminococcus) were higher in racehorses than in nonracehorses. These MAG enriched in racehorses contained every gene in a major pathway for producing acetate and butyrate by fibre fermentation, presenting potential for greater amount of short-chain fatty acids available to fuel athletic performance. CONCLUSION Overall, we assembled 4142 MAG from short- and long-read sequence data in the horse gut. Our dataset represents an exhaustive microbial genome catalogue for the horse gut microbiome and provides a valuable resource for discovery of performance-enhancing microbes and studies of horse gut microbiome. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunyuan Li
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Corps for Oasis City and Mountain Basin System, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Corps for Oasis City and Mountain Basin System, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Rongjun Guo
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, 100000 China
| | - Wei Ni
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Corps for Oasis City and Mountain Basin System, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Kaiping Liu
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 830003 Xinjiang China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Jihong Dai
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Yueren Xu
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | | | - Zhuangyuan Wu
- Xinjiang Altay Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Altay, 836501 Xinjiang China
| | - Yaqi Zeng
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830000 Xinjiang China
| | - Bingbing Lei
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 830003 Xinjiang China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Weibin Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Chuangfu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Jun Qiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Chen Liu
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, 100000 China
| | - Shengwei Hu
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Corps for Oasis City and Mountain Basin System, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
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Analysis of Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) in Healthy Children during the First Two Years of Life: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020367. [PMID: 36678236 PMCID: PMC9864378 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are important metabolites of the gut microbiota. The aim is to analyze the influence of perinatal factors, which can affect the gut microbiota, on the concentrations of fecal SCFAs over the first two years of life. Gas chromatography was used to analyze SCFA in a total of 456 fecal samples from 86 children. Total SCFA concentrations increased until 12 months and stabilized after that. Antibiotic treatment during pregnancy was associated with an increase in acetic acid, propionic acid and total SCFA in meconium and a decrease in the same SCFAs at 6 months. Butyric acid was increased after Caesarean delivery until 1 month. In formula-fed children, propionic acid (at 1 month) and butyric acid and total SCFA (at 12 months) were increased. Acetic and linear butyric acids and total SCFAs were also increased at 12 months in children born vaginally that were also formula-fed. Higher butyric acid was observed in children of mothers with normal pre-pregnancy weight and adequate weight gain during pregnancy. Butyric acid was also elevated in 6-month-old infants with a higher body weight (≥85th percentile). Acetic acid concentrations were significantly higher in 2-year-old females vs. males. We conclude that perinatal factors are linked to changes in fecal SCFAs and further long-term epidemiological studies are warranted.
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Dowley A, Sweeney T, Conway E, Vigors S, Ryan MT, Yadav S, Wilson J, O'Doherty JV. The effects of dietary supplementation with mushroom or selenium enriched mushroom powders on the growth performance and intestinal health of post-weaned pigs. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:12. [PMID: 36631908 PMCID: PMC9832780 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an urgent need to identify natural bioactive compounds that can enhance gastrointestinal health and promote pig growth performance in the absence of pharmacological levels of zinc oxide (ZnO). The objectives of this study were to: 1) compare the effects of mushroom powder supplemented with inorganic selenium (inSeMP) to mushroom powder enriched with organic selenium (orgSeMP) to pharmacological levels of ZnO on growth performance and faecal scores (FS) for the first 21 d post-weaning (Period 1); and 2) compare the molecular and microbial effects of inSeMP and orgSeMP in these pigs on d 39 post-weaning (Period 2). METHODS In Period 1, pigs (3 pigs/pen; 8 pens/treatment) were assigned to: (1) basal diet (control); (2) basal diet + zinc oxide (ZnO) (3100 mg/kg d 1-14, 1550 mg/kg d 15-21); (3) basal diet + mushroom powder supplemented with inorganic selenium (inSeMP) containing selenium (selenite) content of 0.3 mg/kg feed; (4) basal diet + mushroom powder enriched with organic selenium (orgSeMP) containing selenium (selenocysteine) content of 0.3 mg/kg feed. Mushroom powders were included at 6.5 g/kg of feed. RESULTS In Period 1, there was no effect of diets on average daily gain (ADG) and gain:feed (G:F) ratio (P > 0.05). The orgSeMP supplemented pigs had a lower average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared to all other groups (P < 0.05). The ZnO supplemented pigs had reduced FS compared to the basal and mushroom group, while the orgSeMP supplemented pigs had lower FS compared to the basal group during the 21 d experimental period (P < 0.05). In Period 2, there was no effect of diets on ADFI, ADG and G:F ratio (P > 0.05). The orgSeMP supplementation increased the caecal abundance of bacterial members of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phylum, including Lactobacillus, Agathobacter, Roseburia, and Prevotella and decreased the abundance of Sporobacter compared to the basal group, while inSeMP increased the caecal abundance of Prevotella and decreased the caecal abundance of Sporobacter compared to the basal group (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with inSeMP increased expression of TLR4 and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene IL10 and decreased nutrient transporter gene FABP2 compared to the orgSeMP group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION OrgSeMP is a novel and sustainable way to incorporate selenium and β-glucans into the diet of weaned pigs whilst improving FS and modulating the caecal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Dowley
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Torres Sweeney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Eadaoin Conway
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Stafford Vigors
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Marion T Ryan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Supriya Yadav
- Mbio, Monaghan Mushroom Group, Tyholland, Co.Monaghan, Ireland
| | - Jude Wilson
- Mbio, Monaghan Mushroom Group, Tyholland, Co.Monaghan, Ireland
| | - John V O'Doherty
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Chen L, Li C, Zhong X, Lai C, Zhang B, Luo Y, Guo H, Liang K, Fang J, Zhu X, Zhang J, Guo L. The gut microbiome promotes arsenic metabolism and alleviates the metabolic disorder for their mammal host under arsenic exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107660. [PMID: 36470123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiome can participate in arsenic metabolism. However, its efficacy in the host under arsenic stress is still controversial. To clarify their roles in fecal arsenic excretion, tissue arsenic accumulation, host physiological states and metabolism, in this study, ninety-six C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided to four groups, groups A and B were given sterile water, and groups C and D were given the third generation of broad-spectrum antibiotic (ceftriaxone) to erase the background gut microbiome. Subsequently, groups B and D were subchronicly exposed to arsenic containing feed prepared by adding arsenical mixture (rice arsenic composition) into control feed. In group D, the fecal total arsenic (CtAs) decreased by 25.5 %, iAsIII composition increased by 46.9 %, unclarified As (uAs) composition decreased by 92.4 %, and the liver CtAs increased by 26.7 %; the fecal CtAs was positively correlated with microbial richness and some metabolites (organic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, SCFAs, hydrophilic bile acids and their derivatives); and fecal DMA was positively correlated with microbial richness and some metabolites (ferulic acid, benzenepropanoic acid and pentanoic acid); network analysis showed that the numbers of modules, nodes, links were decreased and vulnerability was increased; some SCFAs and hydrophilic bile acid decreased, and hydrophobic bile acids increased (Ps < 0.05). In the tissue samples of group D, Il-18 and Ifn-γ gene expression increased and intestinal barrier-related genes Muc2, Occludin and Zo-1 expression decreased (Ps < 0.05); serum glutathione and urine malondialdehyde significantly increased (Ps < 0.05); urine metabolome significantly changed and the variation was correlated with six SCFAs-producing bacteria, and some SCFAs including isobutyric acid, valeric acid and heptanoic acid decreased (Ps < 0.05). Therefore, the normal gut microbiome increases fecal arsenic excretion and biotransformation, which can maintain a healthier microbiome and metabolic functions, and alleviate the metabolic disorder for their mammal host under arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linkang Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Chengji Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; Yunfu City Center for Disease Control, Guangdong Province 527300, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhong
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Chengze Lai
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Honghui Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Keqing Liang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jingwen Fang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
| | - Lianxian Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
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Dickerson F, Dilmore AH, Godoy-Vitorino F, Nguyen TT, Paulus M, Pinto-Tomas AA, Moya-Roman C, Zuniga-Chaves I, Severance EG, Jeste DV. The Microbiome and Mental Health Across the Lifespan. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023; 61:119-140. [PMID: 35947353 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The combined genetic material of the microorganisms in the human body, known as the microbiome, is being increasingly recognized as a major determinant of human health and disease. Although located predominantly on mucosal surfaces, these microorganisms have profound effects on brain functioning through the gut-brain axis. METHOD The content of the chapter is based on a study group session at the annual meeting of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP). The objective was to discuss the emerging relationship between the human microbiome and mental health as relevant to ACNP's interests in developing and evaluating novel neuropsychiatric treatment strategies. The focus is on specific brain disorders, such as schizophrenia, substance use, and Alzheimer's disease, as well as on broader clinical issues such as suicidality, loneliness and wisdom in old age, and longevity. RESULTS Studies of schizophrenia indicate that the microbiome of individuals with this disorder differs from that of non-psychiatric comparison groups in terms of diversity and composition. Differences are also found in microbial metabolic pathways. An early study in substance use disorders found that individuals with this disorder have lower levels of beta diversity in their oral microbiome than a comparison group. This measure, along with others, was used to distinguish individuals with substance use disorders from controls. In terms of suicidality, there is preliminary evidence that persons who have made a suicide attempt differ from psychiatric and non-psychiatric comparison groups in measures of beta diversity. Exploratory studies in Alzheimer's disease indicate that gut microbes may contribute to disease pathogenesis by regulating innate immunity and neuroinflammation and thus influencing brain function. In another study looking at the microbiome in older adults, positive associations were found between wisdom and alpha diversity and negative associations with subjective loneliness. In other studies of older adults, here with a focus on longevity, individuals with healthy aging and unusually long lives had an abundance of specific microorganisms which distinguished them from other individuals. DISCUSSION Future studies would benefit from standardizing methods of sample collection, processing, and analysis. There is also a need for the standardized collection of relevant demographic and clinical data, including diet, medications, cigarette smoking, and other potentially confounding factors. While still in its infancy, research to date indicates a role for the microbiome in mental health disorders and conditions. Interventions are available which can modulate the microbiome and lead to clinical improvements. These include microbiome-altering medications as well as probiotic microorganisms capable of modulating the inflammation in the brain through the gut-brain axis. This research holds great promise in terms of developing new methods for the prevention and treatment of a range of human brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith Dickerson
- Sheppard Pratt, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Amanda Hazel Dilmore
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Filipa Godoy-Vitorino
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Tanya T Nguyen
- Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Martin Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | | | | | - Ibrahim Zuniga-Chaves
- Department of Bacteriology, Microbial Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Emily G Severance
- Stanley Neurovirology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dilip V Jeste
- Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Yang Q, Van Haute M, Korth N, Sattler S, Rose D, Juritsch A, Shao J, Beede K, Schmaltz R, Price J, Toy J, Ramer-Tait AE, Benson AK. The waxy mutation in sorghum and other cereal grains reshapes the gut microbiome by reducing levels of multiple beneficial species. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2178799. [PMID: 37610979 PMCID: PMC9980621 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2178799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Waxy starches from cereal grains contain >90% amylopectin due to naturally occurring mutations that block amylose biosynthesis. Waxy starches have unique organoleptic characteristics (e.g. sticky rice) as well as desirable physicochemical properties for food processing. Using isogenic pairs of wild type sorghum lines and their waxy derivatives, we studied the effects of waxy starches in the whole grain context on the human gut microbiome. In vitro fermentations with human stool microbiomes show that beneficial taxonomic and metabolic signatures driven by grain from wild type parental lines are lost in fermentations of grain from the waxy derivatives and the beneficial signatures can be restored by addition of resistant starch. These undesirable effects are conserved in fermentations of waxy maize, wheat, rice and millet. We also demonstrate that humanized gnotobiotic mice fed low fiber diets supplemented with 20% grain from isogenic pairs of waxy vs. wild type parental sorghum have significant differences in microbiome composition and show increased weight gain. We conclude that the benefits of waxy starches on food functionality can have unintended tradeoff effects on the gut microbiome and host physiology that could be particularly relevant in human populations consuming large amounts of waxy grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinnan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Mallory Van Haute
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Nate Korth
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Complex Biosystems Graduate Program, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Scott Sattler
- Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Devin Rose
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Anthony Juritsch
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Jing Shao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Kristin Beede
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Robert Schmaltz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Jeff Price
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - John Toy
- Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Amanda E. Ramer-Tait
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Andrew K. Benson
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
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147
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Su M, Tang Y, Kong W, Zhang S, Zhu T. Genetically supported causality between gut microbiota, gut metabolites and low back pain: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1157451. [PMID: 37125171 PMCID: PMC10140346 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1157451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have implicated a vital association between gut microbiota/gut microbial metabolites and low back pain (LBP), but their causal relationship is still unclear. Therefore, we aim to comprehensively investigate their causal relationship and identify the effect of gut microbiota/gut microbial metabolites on risk of LBP using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Methods Summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of gut microbiota (18,340 participants), gut microbial metabolites (2,076 participants) and LBP (FinnGen biobank) were separately obtained. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was used as the main MR analysis. Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) and MR-Egger regression were conducted to evaluate the horizontal pleiotropy and to eliminate outlier single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Cochran's Q-test was applied for heterogeneity detection. Besides, leave-one-out analysis was conducted to determine whether the causal association signals were driven by any single SNP. Finally, a reverse MR was performed to evaluate the possibility of reverse causation. Results We discovered that 20 gut microbial taxa and 2 gut microbial metabolites were causally related to LBP (p < 0.05). Among them, the lower level of family Ruminococcaceae (OR: 0.771, 95% CI: 0.652-0.913, FDR-corrected p = 0.045) and Lactobacillaceae (OR: 0.875, 95% CI: 0.801-0.955, FDR-corrected p = 0.045) retained a strong causal relationship with higher risk of LBP after the Benjamini-Hochberg Corrected test. The Cochrane's Q test revealed no Heterogeneity (p > 0.05). Besides, MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO tests showed no significant horizontal pleiotropy (p > 0.05). Furthermore, leave-one-out analysis confirmed the robustness of MR results. After adding BMI to the multivariate MR analysis, the 17 gut microbial taxa exposure-outcome effect were significantly attenuated and tended to be null. Conclusion Our findings confirm the the potential causal effect of specific gut microbiota and gut microbial metabolites on LBP, which offers new insights into the gut microbiota-mediated mechanism of LBP and provides the theoretical basis for further explorations of targeted prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchan Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yidan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yidan Tang, ; Tao Zhu,
| | - Weishuang Kong
- Department of Surgery, Xuanwei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuanwei, China
| | - Shuangyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yidan Tang, ; Tao Zhu,
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Vaccination with an HIV T-cell immunogen induces alterations in the mouse gut microbiota. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:104. [PMID: 36585401 PMCID: PMC9801356 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is emerging as a crucial factor modulating vaccine responses; however, few studies have investigated if vaccines, in turn, can alter the microbiota and to what extent such changes may improve vaccine efficacy. To understand the effect of T-cell vaccination on the gut microbiome, we administered an HIV-1 T-cell immunogen (HTI arm) or PBS (control, Mock arm) to C57Bl/6 mice following a heterologous prime-boost scheme. The longitudinal dynamics of the mice gut microbiota was characterized by 16 S ribosomal RNA sequencing in fecal samples collected from cages, as well as from three gut sections (cecum, small and large intestine). Serum and spleen cells were obtained at the last time point of the study to assess immune correlates using IFNγ ELISPOT and cytokine Luminex® assays. Compared with Mock, HTI-vaccinated mice were enriched in Clostridiales genera (Eubacterium xylanophilum group, Roseburia and Ruminococcus) known as primary contributors of anti-inflammatory metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids. Such shift was observed after the first HTI dose and remained throughout the study follow-up (18 weeks). However, the enriched Clostridiales genera were different between feces and gut sections. The abundance of bacteria enriched in vaccinated animals positively correlated with HTI-specific T-cell responses and a set of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6. This longitudinal analysis indicates that, in mice, T-cell vaccination may promote an increase in gut bacteria known to produce anti-inflammatory molecules, which in turn correlate with proinflammatory cytokines, suggesting an adaptation of the gut microbial milieu to T-cell-induced systemic inflammation.
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Milano W, Carizzone F, Foia M, Marchese M, Milano M, Saetta B, Capasso A. Obesity and Its Multiple Clinical Implications between Inflammatory States and Gut Microbiotic Alterations. Diseases 2022; 11:7. [PMID: 36648872 PMCID: PMC9844347 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease that has become a serious health problem and is currently widespread over the world. It is, in fact, strongly associated with many other conditions, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, the onset of different types of malignant tumors and alterations in reproductive function. According to the literature, obesity is characterized by a state of low-grade chronic inflammation, with a substantial increase in immune cells, specifically macrophage infiltrates in the adipose tissue which, in turn, secrete a succession of pro-inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, recent studies on microbiota have postulated new possible mechanisms of interaction between obesity and unbalanced nutrition with inflammation. This intestinal "superorganism" complex seems to influence not only the metabolic balance of the host but also the immune response, favoring a state of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. This review summarizes the major evidence on the interactions between the gut microbiota, energetic metabolism and host immune system, all leading to a convergence of the fields of immunology, nutrients physiology and microbiota in the context of obesity and its possible clinical complications. Finally, possible therapeutic approaches aiming to rebalance the intestinal microbial ecosystem are evaluated to improve the alteration of inflammatory and metabolic states in obesity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Milano
- UOSD Eating Disorder Unit, Mental Health Department, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, 80027 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Carizzone
- UOSD Eating Disorder Unit, Mental Health Department, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, 80027 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Magda Marchese
- Clinical Pathology Services, Santa Maria Delle Grazie Hospital Pozzuoli, Asl Napoli 2 Nord, 80027 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Milano
- UOSD Eating Disorder Unit, Mental Health Department, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, 80027 Napoli, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Saetta
- UOSD Eating Disorder Unit, Mental Health Department, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, 80027 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Capasso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
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Associations of Dietary Intake with the Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity. J Nutr 2022; 153:1178-1188. [PMID: 36841667 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet, a key component of type 1 diabetes (T1D) management, modulates the intestinal microbiota and its metabolically active byproducts-including SCFA-through fermentation of dietary carbohydrates such as fiber. However, the diet-microbiome relationship remains largely unexplored in longstanding T1D. OBJECTIVES We evaluated whether increased carbohydrate intake, including fiber, is associated with increased SCFA-producing gut microbes, SCFA, and intestinal microbial diversity among young adults with longstanding T1D and overweight or obesity. METHODS Young adult men and women with T1D for ≥1 y, aged 19-30 y, and BMI of 27.0-39.9 kg/m2 at baseline provided stool samples at baseline and 3, 6, and 9 mo of a randomized dietary weight loss trial. Diet was assessed by 1-2 24-h recalls. The abundance of SCFA-producing microbes was measured using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. GC-MS measured fecal SCFA (acetate, butyrate, propionate, and total) concentrations. Adjusted and Bonferroni-corrected generalized estimating equations modeled associations of dietary fiber (total, soluble, and pectins) and carbohydrate (available carbohydrate, and fructose) with microbiome-related outcomes. Primary analyses were restricted to data collected before COVID-19 interruptions. RESULTS Fiber (total and soluble) and carbohydrates (available and fructose) were positively associated with total SCFA and acetate concentrations (n = 40 participants, 52 visits). Each 10 g/d of total and soluble fiber intake was associated with an additional 8.8 μmol/g (95% CI: 4.5, 12.8 μmol/g; P = 0.006) and 24.0 μmol/g (95% CI: 12.9, 35.1 μmol/g; P = 0.003) of fecal acetate, respectively. Available carbohydrate intake was positively associated with SCFA producers Roseburia and Ruminococcus gnavus. All diet variables except pectin were inversely associated with normalized abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes. Fructose was inversely associated with Akkermansia abundance. CONCLUSIONS In young adults with longstanding T1D, fiber and carbohydrate intake were associated positively with fecal SCFA but had variable associations with SCFA-producing gut microbes. Controlled feeding studies should determine whether gut microbes and SCFA can be directly manipulated in T1D.
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