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Lotfy M, Ksiksi TS, Palakkot AR, D’Souza CM, Mohsin S, Adeghate EA. Anti-diabetic Effect of Acridocarpus Orientalis. THE OPEN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874104502014010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Acridocarpus orientalis (AO) is a medicinal herb indigenous to tropical and subtropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula, and New Caledonia with reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Objective:
To determine whether AO has any beneficial effects on diabetes-induced metabolic parameters in rats.
Materials and Methods:
Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Wistar rats by streptozotocin. Diabetic rats were treated with three doses of AO extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW) for 30 days. Kidney, liver, and pancreatic tissue samples were processed for histopathology to determine the effect of AO on the cells of these organs. The effect of AO on pancreatic islet cells and serum insulin levels was also examined using immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques, respectively.
Results:
AO (100 mg/kg BW) caused a marked reduction in blood glucose levels in diabetic rats compared to diabetic control on day 10 of the study. Moreover, AO (200 mg/kg BW) increased the number of insulin-positive cells with a concomitant reduction in the number of glucagon-immunoreactive cells in pancreatic islets. AO (100 mg/kg) also increased the serum level of superoxide dismutase significantly. Although the administration of AO was able to significantly decrease the diabetes-associated increases in serum creatinine and bilirubin levels, it had no effect on blood urea nitrogen, serum aspartate, or alanine aminotransferase levels. Histopathological examination showed that AO has no toxic effect on the structure of the pancreas, liver, and kidney.
Conclusion:
Our findings showed that AO could alleviate some complications of diabetes mellitus.
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Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome and 5-Year Cardiovascular Risk Estimates among HIV-Positive Individuals from an Indian Tertiary Care Hospital. AIDS Res Treat 2020; 2020:5019025. [PMID: 33194228 PMCID: PMC7641704 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5019025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Longer survival due to use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has made human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected individuals prone to chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Metabolic syndrome (MS), a constellation of risk factors which increase chances of the cardiovascular disease and diabetes, can increase the morbidity and mortality among this population. Hence, the present study was conducted with the objectives of estimating the prevalence and determinants of MS among ART naïve and ART-treated patients and assess their 5-year CVD risk using the reduced version of Data Collection on Adverse Effects of Anti-HIV Drugs (D : A : D) risk prediction model (D : A : D(R)). This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 182 adults aged ≥ 18 years. MS was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel-3 (NCEP ATP-3) criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done to identify the factors associated with MS. Prevalence of MS was 40.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 33.0%-47.2%). About 24.7% of the participants had at least a single criterion for MS. Age >45 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.1-4.9, p < 0.018) and body mass index (BMI) > 23 kg/m2 (AOR = 6.4; 95% CI = 3.1-13.1, p < 0.001) were positively associated with MS, whereas daily consumption of high sugar items was inversely associated (AOR = 0.2; 95% CI = 0.1-0.5, p < 0.001). More than 50% of the participants were found to have moderate or high 5-year CVD risk. Observed prevalence of MS among HIV patients was higher than other studies done in India. Considering a sizeable number of participants to be having moderate to high CVD risk, culturally appropriate lifestyle interventions need to be planned.
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Bento C, Gonçalves AC, Silva B, Silva LR. Peach (Prunus Persica): Phytochemicals and Health Benefits. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1837861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Bento
- CICS – UBI – Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Gonçalves
- CICS – UBI – Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Branca Silva
- CICS – UBI – Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Luís R. Silva
- CICS – UBI – Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- LEPABE – Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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104
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Chen Z, Chi TY, Dincel O, Tong L, Kameoka J. A Low-cost and Enzyme-free Glucose Paper Sensor. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2020:4097-4100. [PMID: 33018899 DOI: 10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A low-cost and enzyme-free glucose paper sensor is presented as a promising alternative to glucose test strips. This paper-based glucose sensor is prepared with molecularly imprinted (MIP) polyaniline (PANI) electrode. The determination of glucose concentrations was studied by the impedance change of the paper sensor before and after the blood samples dispensing at a low frequency. A comparison of the linear and polynomial regression was applied to analyze the impedance ratio as a function of glucose concentrations. The proposed glucose paper sensor showed a limit of detection (LoD) of 1.135 mM. This novel and non-enzymatic paper sensor suggests a low-cost glucose test assay and can improve the quality of routine testing for diabetic patients.
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105
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Obesity blunts cephalic-phase microvascular responses to food. Physiol Behav 2020; 225:113087. [PMID: 32707159 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neurally mediated anticipatory responses, also named cephalic-phase responses, and microcirculatory regulation are two important mechanisms to maintain metabolic homeostasis. Altered cephalic-phase responses in obesity and its metabolic consequences have been proposed. There is, however, a lack of studies focusing on in vivo assessment of the microcirculation during this phase in patients with obesity. In this randomized controlled trial, we selected patients with obesity and healthy subjects after clinical and laboratory assessments. Those with obesity were randomized into two groups: experimental (cephalic-phase microvascular response stimulation - CP group, n = 13) and controls (n = 14). Healthy subjects (n = 17) were also included to form a CP control group. Skin microvascular assessment was used as a model of systemic microcirculation. Resting functional capillary density (FCD) and peak FCD during post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) were measured by dorsal finger videocapillaroscopy and expressed mainly capillary recruitment capacity. Resting red blood cell velocity (RBCV), peak RBCV during PORH (RBCVmax), and time taken to reach RBCVmax (TRBCVmax) were assessed by dynamic nailfold videocapillaroscopy and expressed the microhemodynamics. Patients with obesity (with or without stimulus) failed to show an increase on FCD during PORH post-stimulus (p = 0.221 and p = 0.307, respectively) depicting lack of capillary recruitment. In contrast, healthy subjects presented an increase in this microvascular outcome (p = 0.004). Changes in all variables of microhemodynamics occurred in both CP groups (healthy and those with obesity). During CP, we originally demonstrated an absence of capillary recruitment in subjects with obesity. These findings might contribute to the literature of microvascular impairment and metabolic conditions.
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106
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Yang P, Wang X, Wang D, Shi Y, Zhang M, Yu T, Liu D, Gao M, Zhang X, Liu Y. Topical insulin application accelerates diabetic wound healing by promoting anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs235838. [PMID: 32878940 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.235838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides regulating glucose levels, insulin has been reported to participate actively in many other functions, including modulating inflammatory reactions. In this study we investigated how topical insulin application would affect the diabetic wound healing process. We found that the excessive expression of insulin-degrading enzyme led to insufficient insulin levels in diabetic skin during wound healing, which ultimately reduced the recovery rate of diabetic wounds. We confirmed that topical insulin application could reverse the impaired inflammation reaction in the diabetic wound environment and promote healing of diabetic wounds. Our study revealed that insulin promoted apoptosis of neutrophils and subsequently triggered polarization of macrophages. Both in vivo and in vitro studies verified that insulin re-established phagocytosis function and promoted the process of phagocytosis-induced apoptosis in neutrophils. Furthermore, we found that insulin treatment also promoted efferocytosis of the apoptosed neutrophils by macrophages, and thus induced macrophages to change their polarization state from M1 to M2. In conclusion, our studies proved that the exogenous application of insulin could improve diabetic wound healing via the restoration of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilang Yang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiqiao Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai No. 6 People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
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Jafari-Vayghan H, Varshosaz P, Hajizadeh-Sharafabad F, Razmi HR, Amirpour M, Tavakoli-Rouzbehani OM, Alizadeh M, Maleki V. A comprehensive insight into the effect of glutamine supplementation on metabolic variables in diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:80. [PMID: 32983244 PMCID: PMC7517657 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-020-00503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important threats to human health in the twenty-first century.
The use of complementary and alternative medicine to prevent, control, and reduce the complications of diabetes mellitus is increasing at present. Glutamine amino acid is known as a functional food.
The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the potential role of glutamine supplementation on metabolic variables in diabetes mellitus. For this review, PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception through April 2020. All clinical trial and animal studies assessing the effects of glutamine on diabetes mellitus were eligible for inclusion. 19 studies of 1482 articles met the inclusion criteria. Of the 19 studies, nine studies reported a significant increase in serum GLP-1 levels. Also, eight studies showed reducing in serum levels of fasting blood sugar, four studies reducing in postprandial blood sugar, and triglyceride after glutamine supplementation. Although glutamine resulted in a significant increase in insulin production in seven studies, the findings on Hb-A1c levels were inconclusive. In addition to, despite of the results was promising for the effects of glutamine on weight changes, oxidative stress, and inflammation, more precise clinical trials are needed to obtain more accurate results. In conclusion, glutamine supplementation could improve glycemic control and levels of incretins (such as GLP-1 and GIP) in diabetes mellitus. However, more studies are needed for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Jafari-Vayghan
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Parisa Varshosaz
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Biology and Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON Canada
| | - Fatemeh Hajizadeh-Sharafabad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Razmi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Amirpour
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Maleki
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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108
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Brinkley TE, Semba RD, Kritchevsky SB, Houston DK. Dietary protein intake and circulating advanced glycation end product/receptor for advanced glycation end product concentrations in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:1558-1565. [PMID: 33301008 PMCID: PMC7727487 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) promote adverse health effects and may contribute to the multi-system functional decline observed in aging. Diet is a major source of AGEs, and foods high in protein may increase circulating AGE concentrations. However, epidemiological evidence that high-protein diets increase AGEs is lacking. OBJECTIVES We examined whether dietary protein intake was associated with serum concentrations of the major AGE carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and the soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE) in 2439 participants from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study (mean age, 73.6 ± 2.9 y; 52% female; 37% black). METHODS CML and sRAGE were measured by ELISA, and the CML/sRAGE ratio was calculated. Protein intake was estimated using an interviewer-administered FFQ and categorized based on current recommendations for older adults: <0.8 g/kg/d (n = 1077), 0.8 to <1.2 g/kg/d (n = 922), and ≥1.2 g/kg/d (n = 440). Associations between protein intake and AGE-RAGE biomarkers were examined using linear regression models adjusted for demographics, height, lifestyle behaviors, prevalent disease, cognitive function, inflammation, and other dietary factors. RESULTS CML concentrations were higher in individuals with higher total protein intake (adjusted least squares mean ± SE: <0.8 g/kg/d, 829 ± 17 ng/ml; 0.8 to <1.2 g/kg/d, 860 ± 15 ng/ml; ≥1.2 g/kg/d, 919 ± 23 ng/ml; P for trend = 0.001), as were sRAGE concentrations (<0.8 g/kg/d, 1412 ± 34 pg/ml; 0.8 to <1.2 g/kg/d, 1479 ± 31 pg/ml; ≥1.2 g/kg/d, 1574 ± 47 pg/ml; P for trend < 0.0001). Every 0.1 g/kg/d increment in total protein intake was associated with a 13.3 ± 3.0 ng/ml increment in CML and a 22.1 ± 6.0 pg/ml increment in sRAGE (P < 0.0001 for both). Higher CML and sRAGE concentrations were also associated with higher intakes of both animal and vegetable protein (all P values ≤ 0.01). There were no significant associations with the CML/sRAGE ratio. CONCLUSIONS Higher dietary protein intake was associated with higher CML and sRAGE concentrations in older adults; however, the CML/sRAGE ratio remained similar across groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard D Semba
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Denise K Houston
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Ren S, Wei F, Jin Y, Lu J, He Z, Ma L, Zheng Y, Wang J, Chen X. Baseline resistance-associated substitutions may impact DAA response among treatment failure chronic hepatitis C patients with pegylated interferon and ribavirin in real life. Antivir Ther 2020; 25:245-255. [PMID: 32936785 DOI: 10.3851/imp3369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the impact of baseline resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) on direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment response among pegylated interferon in combination with ribavirin (PR) failing patients in a real-life setting. METHODS Blood samples and clinical data from 171 patients who failed PR treatment were collected. All of them received rescue DAA regimens. RAS identified in the NS3, NS5A and NS5B regions by Sanger sequencing method were compared by DAA regimen and HCV subtypes. We assessed sustained virological response at 12 weeks (SVR12) and evaluated the impact of baseline RASs on the effectiveness of DAA regimens in clinical practice. RESULTS The overall SVR12 rates were: 89.47% (153/171), 92.1% (117/127) in patients without cirrhosis versus 81.8% (36/44) in those with cirrhosis, without significant difference (χ2=3.69, P=0.08); 87.9% in genotype (GT)1b patients (n=116) versus 93.8% in GT2a (n=32) versus 90.5% in GT3 (n=21) versus 100% in GT6 (n=2), without significant difference (χ2=1.02, P=0.84); 66.7% in asunaprevir (ASV) + daclatasvir (DCV) regimen (n=24) versus 94.0% in sofosbuvir (SOF)-based regimen (n=133), with significant difference (χ2=19.7, P=0.001). Our results showed that the prevalence of NS3, NS5A, NS5B RASs was 45.02%, 39.76% and 71.34%, respectively, and higher incidence of RASs in cirrhosis than without cirrhosis (81.8% versus 63.8%), with a statistically significant difference (χ2=4.92, P=0.03). In the ASV/DCV cohort (n=24), 4 of 11 patients (36.4%) with baseline NS3/NS5A RASs achieved SVR12, whereas 12 of 13 patients (92.3%) without RASs achieved SVR12, with significant difference (χ2=8.39, P=0.008). However, this relationship was not seen in the SOF-based subgroup (94.6% versus 92.7%; χ2=0.18, P=0.7). Treatment failure with DAAs occurred in 10.53% (n=18) of our study population, baseline NS5A substitution including L31M or Y93H (n=13) was the most frequently detected RAS, rescue regimen with velpatasvir (VEL)/SOF + ribavirin (RBV) for 12 weeks or 24 weeks was highly effective in patients who failed previous use of NS5A inhibitors, regardless of GT or cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS Natural RASs are common in Chinese patients failing with PR treatment. High prevalence of clinically relevant RASs (such as L31M, Y93H) supports the appropriateness of HCV resistance tests to properly guide DAA-based therapy. These findings might be used to select salvage therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Ren
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feili Wei
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Lu
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin He
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Zheng
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junli Wang
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Chen
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Morimoto A, Kadoya M, Kakutani-Hatayama M, Kosaka-Hamamoto K, Miyoshi A, Shoji T, Goda A, Asakura M, Koyama H. Subclinical decrease in cardiac autonomic and diastolic function in patients with metabolic disorders: HSCAA study. Metabol Open 2020; 5:100025. [PMID: 32812948 PMCID: PMC7424828 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2020.100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure due to decreased diastolic function, HFpEF, is a growing health concern with rising prevalence. We examined subclinical cardiac autonomic and diastolic functions in 605 patients with metabolic diseases classified as pre-heart failure. Presence of glucose intolerance or diabetes, or visceral adiposity was significantly associated with reduced cardiac autonomic and diastolic functions. Higher autonomic functions were significantly associated with a parameter of better cardiac diastolic function (E/A) (SDNN: r = 0.306, p < 0.01; HF: r = 0.341, p < 0.01), with the association independent of diabetes, body mass index, visceral adiposity and insulin resistance index. Thus, reduced autonomic function may be a potential predictor for decreased cardiac diastolic functions in metabolic disorders. Metabolic disorders, including diabetes and obesity, are known risk factors for HFpEF. Reduced autonomic function may be involved in pathogenesis of HFpEF. Cardiac diastolic function in metabolic disorders in pre-HF phase is not well examined. In pre-HF subjects, reduced autonomic function is associated with lower cardiac diastolic functions. Our findings provide new insights into HFpEF etiology in metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Morimoto
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Manabu Kadoya
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Miki Kakutani-Hatayama
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kae Kosaka-Hamamoto
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Akio Miyoshi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takuhito Shoji
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Akiko Goda
- Division of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Masanori Asakura
- Division of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hidenori Koyama
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
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He Z, Tang Y, Xie H, Lin Y, Liang S, Xu Y, Chen Z, Wu LZ, Sheng J, Bi X, Pang M, Akinwunmi B, Xiao X, Ming WK. Economic burden of IADPSG gestational diabetes diagnostic criteria in China: propensity score matching analysis from a 7-year retrospective cohort. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:e001538. [PMID: 32847843 PMCID: PMC7451487 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increased the morbidity significantly, but the cost and effectiveness of its application are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the impact of the IADPSG criteria for diagnosing GDM in China on the perinatal outcomes, and medical expenditure of GDM women versus those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 7794 women admitted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Guangzhou, China), from November 1, 2010 to October 31, 2017. The perinatal outcomes and medical expenditure were retrieved from the electronic medical records in the hospital. Propensity score matching (PSM, in a 1:1 ratio) algorithm was used to minimize confounding effects on the difference in the two cohorts. RESULTS PSM minimized the difference of baseline characteristics between women with and without GDM. Of 7794 pregnant women, half (n=3897) were all of the pregnant women with GDM admitted to the hospital during the period, the other half women had NGT and were selected randomly to match with their counterparts. Adopting the IADPSG criteria was associated with reduced risk of emergency cesarean section, polyhydramnios, turbid amniotic fluid and perineal injury (p<0.01 for all) and having any one of the adverse fetal outcomes (p<0.01), including fetal distress, umbilical cord around the neck, neonatal encephalopathy, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, birth trauma, neonatal hypoglycemia and fetal death. After PSM, the median total medical expenditure by the GDM women was ¥912.9 (US$140.7 in 2015) more than that of the the NGT women (p=0.09). CONCLUSIONS Despite the increasing medical expenditure, screening at 24-28 gestational weeks under the IADPSG guidelines with the 2-hour, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test can improve short-term maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglin He
- Faculty of Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Faculty of Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huatao Xie
- Faculty of Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shangqiang Liang
- Faculty of Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuyuan Xu
- Out-patient Department, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhili Chen
- Department of Nursing, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang-Zhi Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- College of Economics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bi
- College of Economics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muyi Pang
- College of Economics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Babatunde Akinwunmi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaomin Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wai-Kit Ming
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Salameh BS, Abdallah J, Naerat EO. Case-Control Study of Risk Factors and Self-Care Behaviors of Foot Ulceration in Diabetic Patients Attending Primary Healthcare Services in Palestine. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:7624267. [PMID: 32775462 PMCID: PMC7396104 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7624267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify certain sociodemographic, lifestyle, self-care, and foot examination factors that predict the development of diabetic foot ulcers in Palestine. A case-control study was performed in Palestine in 2019. The control group consisted of diabetic patients without foot ulceration (NFU). The case group included diabetic patients who had foot ulcers (DFU) with a size not less than 0.5 cm2. The sample of patients was taken from primary healthcare diabetic clinics in Palestine. Findings of the study showed several independent risk factors for developing DFUs, which were smoking, sensory loss to vibration, sensory loss to monofilament, loss of pedal pulse, presence of calluses, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Also, this study has shown that illiteracy and low income were significantly associated with DFU development. Moreover, the current study demonstrated that poor self-care behaviors were associated with DFU. The information gained from the study will contribute to raising awareness and improving health education for diabetic patients and their families with the aim of reducing the complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma S. Salameh
- Department of Nursing, Arab American University, Jenin, P.O. Box 240, State of Palestine
| | - Jihad Abdallah
- Department of Animal Production and Health, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box 7, State of Palestine
| | - Ehab O. Naerat
- Department of Diabetic Clinics, Ministry of Health, Jenin, State of Palestine
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Vázquez-Moreno M, Locia-Morales D, Perez-Herrera A, Gomez-Diaz RA, Gonzalez-Dzib R, Valdez-González AL, Flores-Alfaro E, Corona-Salazar P, Suarez-Sanchez F, Gomez-Zamudio J, Valladares-Salgado A, Wacher-Rodarte N, Cruz M, Meyre D. Causal Association of Haptoglobin With Obesity in Mexican Children: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5822684. [PMID: 32309857 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Little is known about the association between haptoglobin level and cardiometabolic traits. A previous genome-wide association study identified rs2000999 in the HP gene as the stronger genetic contributor to serum haptoglobin level in European populations. OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN We investigated the association of HP rs2000999 with serum haptoglobin and childhood and adult obesity in up to 540/697 and 592/691 Mexican cases and controls, respectively. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected. Serum haptoglobin was measured by an immunoturbidimetry assay. HP rs2000999 was genotyped using the TaqMan technology. Mendelian randomization analysis was performed using the Wald and inverse variance weighting methods. RESULTS Haptoglobin level was positively associated with childhood and adult obesity. HP rs2000999 G allele was positively associated with haptoglobin level in children and adults. HP rs2000999 G allele was positively associated with childhood but not adult obesity. The association between HP rs2000999 and childhood obesity was removed after adjusting for haptoglobin level. In a Mendelian randomization analysis, haptoglobin level genetically predicted by HP rs2000999 showed a significant causal effect on childhood obesity by the Wald and inverse variance weighting methods. CONCLUSION Our data provide evidence for the first time for a causal positive association between serum haptoglobin level and childhood obesity in the Mexican population. Our study contributes to the genetic elucidation of childhood obesity and proposes haptoglobin as an important biomarker and treatment target for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Vázquez-Moreno
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Daniel Locia-Morales
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39090, Mexico
| | - Aleyda Perez-Herrera
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional-Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral-Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Rita A Gomez-Diaz
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Roxana Gonzalez-Dzib
- Servicio de Prestaciones Médicas del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Delegación Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Adriana L Valdez-González
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eugenia Flores-Alfaro
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39090, Mexico
| | - Perla Corona-Salazar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando Suarez-Sanchez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Gomez-Zamudio
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adan Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Niels Wacher-Rodarte
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Meyre
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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114
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Nutritional value, antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of nettles (Laportea alatipes and Obetia tenax). Sci Rep 2020; 10:9762. [PMID: 32555290 PMCID: PMC7300021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67055-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Nettles are commonly consumed in South Africa, Europe and Asia and are used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. In this study, the nutritional value of the leaves of nettles (Laportea alatipes and Obetia tenax) was evaluated and compared, when cooked and uncooked. The results showed a decrease in the concentrations of crude protein, vitamin A, vitamin E and metals after cooking of nettles. Although cooking reduced the concentrations of essential elements in nettles, their contribution to the diet remained adequate. L. alatipes presented with reduced levels of Cd (from 1.86 to 0.810 mg kg-1) and Pb (from 2.87 to 1.88 mg kg-1) after cooking. Similarly, Cd (from 2.97 to 0.780 mg kg-1) and Pb (from 2.21 to 0.795 mg kg-1) levels in O. tenax decreased after cooking, demonstrating the significance of cooking. The antioxidant activity of the nettles was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The methanol extract of Obetia tenax showed high ferric reducing power whilst the radical scavenging activity was due to the presence of the bioactive molecule, β-carotene, in the plants which exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging ability relative to test samples and standards. The in vitro antidiabetic activity of the extracts and compounds from the nettles was better than or comparable to that of the known standard, acarbose, which underscores the prospective antidiabetic properties of nettles. Overall, our study provides scientific validation for the ethno-medicinal use of nettles and supports their consumption, which highlights their potential as nutraceuticals.
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Li T, Quan H, Zhang H, Lin L, Lin L, Ou Q, Chen K. Subgroup analysis of proinsulin and insulin levels reveals novel correlations to metabolic indicators of type 2 diabetes. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10715-10735. [PMID: 32532930 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Proinsulin, insulin and proinsulin/insulin (P/I) ratio have been reported to be correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in whole population study therefore sensitive predictors of T2D progression. However, by analyzing data collected from 2018-2019 from a cohort of 1579 East Asian individuals from Hainan Province of China, we find that the associations of proinsulin, insulin and P/I ratio with diabetic indicators have distinct, sometimes opposite regression patterns in normal, prediabetic and diabetic subgroups. The strength of the associations are generally weak in normal and prediabetic groups, and only moderate in diabetic group between postprandial proinsulin and HbA1c, between postprandial insulin and FPG or HbA1c, and between postprandial P/I ratio and FPG or HbA1c. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis shows these parameters are weaker than age in predicting diabetes development, with P/I ratio being the weakest. Proinsulin and insulin levels are tightly associated with insulin sensitivity across all subgroups, as measured by Matsuda index. Together, our results suggest that proinsulin, insulin or P/I ratio are weak predictors of diabetes development in the whole population, urging the need for stratifying strategies and novel perspectives in evaluating and predicting hyperglycemia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangying Li
- Department of Health Care Centre, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Huibiao Quan
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Huachuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology Laboratory, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Leweihua Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Lu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Qianying Ou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Kaining Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
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Sapkota BR, Sanghera DK. A rare missense variant in the milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFGE8) increases T2DM susceptibility and cardiovascular disease risk with population-specific effects. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:733-741. [PMID: 32025861 PMCID: PMC10502938 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFGE8), also called lactadherin, is an integrin ligand and a known mediator of inflammation and atherosclerosis in T2DM in studies using animal models. However, its role in the pathophysiology of human T2DM, obesity, and cardiovascular disease has been poorly explored. Aim of this study was to investigate the role of a missense variant (rs371227978 C/T: Arg148His) in the MFGE8 gene identified through exome sequencing for its association with T2DM and cardiometabolic traits. METHODS Exome-wide sequencing was performed using DNA samples from 68 Sikh individuals from multi-generation pedigrees affected with diabetes on Illumina's GAIIx using "SureSelect Human All Exon" panels. We further replicated this variant by de novo genotyping in a total of 4242 individuals of the Asian Indian Diabetic Heart Study/Sikh Diabetes Study using custom TaqMan genotyping assay. We also measured circulating concentrations of Mfge8 using frozen serum aliquots by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Overall, only 1.78% of 4242 individuals were carriers of this variant with MAF being 0.009. Except for the significant correlation of this variant with T2DM and triglycerides, no other quantitative risk phenotype was significant. The minor per allele-associated increased risk for T2DM showed odds ratio of 1.95 (95% CI 1.18-3.23; p = 0.008) in unadjusted model and was 1.73 (95% CI 1.02-2.93; p = 0.043) after adjusting for the age, gender, and BMI. However, there was a strong correlation between serum Mfge8 concentrations with T2DM, (r2 = 0.38; p = 0.001), fasting glucose (r2= 0.36; p = 0.002), and triglycerides (r2 = 0.33; p = 0.005). Our data revealed a significant dose-related increase in MFGE8 genotypes for affecting serum Mfge8 (p = 2.1 × 10-3) and triglyceride concentrations (p = 3.2 × 10-3). For a per risk allele-associated increase of 4.74 ng/ml ± SD of 1.62 ng/ml of the Mfge8 concentration was found to increase T2DM risk to 1.7 fold (95% CI from 1 to 3 fold). CONCLUSIONS Here, we report for the first time a novel population-specific rare variant in the MFGE8 gene linked with the increased Mfge8 concentrations and the risk for developing T2DM and cardiovascular risk factors in a population of Punjabi Sikhs from India. In view of a strong evidence from animal studies supporting the role of Mfge8 in obesity, insulin resistance, and the development of atherosclerosis in T2DM, our findings are important and timely. If validated in a large independent dataset, early screening of Mfge8 in blood levels may especially benefit those patients with genetically elevated Mfge8 levels to preventing or reducing the risk of T2DM and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishwa R Sapkota
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., Rm 317 BMSB, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Dharambir K Sanghera
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., Rm 317 BMSB, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Dakshinamurthy S, Saxena V, Kumari R, Mirza AA, Dhar M. Prevalence of hypertension and associated cardiometabolic risk factors in urban Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:2931-2939. [PMID: 32984151 PMCID: PMC7491824 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_54_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is one of the leading causes of premature death worldwide and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-of them cause mortality. Out of the estimated 1.13 billion people who have hypertension, less than 1 in 5 people have it under control. AIM AND OBJECTIVES To study the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in the urban population of Rishikesh and the association of hypertension with other determinants. METHODOLOGY A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban area of Rishikesh. The World Health Organization (WHO) steps instrument and protocol was used for the assessment of risk factors and measurements. i.e. anthropometry and blood pressure. Sample size was calculated to be 478. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0. Appropriate statistical tests were done. A P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The prevalence of hypertension in urban Rishikesh is 32.4%. The prevalence in male and female is 34.5% and 31.3% respectively. Among hypertensives 45.8% had hypertriglyceridemia, 32.2% had low high-density lipoproteins (HDL), 52.25% had fasting blood glucose more than 100, and 55.4% were obese individuals. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that age, waist circumference, body mass index, triglycerides level, and physical activity were independently associated with hypertension. CONCLUSIONS As the prevalence of hypertension and cardiometabolic risk factors were higher, necessary health interventions were required to reduce the morbidity/mortality of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vartika Saxena
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ranjeeta Kumari
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anissa Atif Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Minakshi Dhar
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Han SJ, Fujimoto WY, Kahn SE, Leonetti DL, Boyko EJ. Apolipoprotein B Levels Predict Future Development of Hypertension Independent of Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Sensitivity. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2020; 35:351-358. [PMID: 32615719 PMCID: PMC7386118 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2020.35.2.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High plasma apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels have been shown to be associated with hypertension, central obesity, and insulin resistance in cross-sectional research. However, it is unclear whether apoB levels predict future hypertension independent of body composition and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, we prospectively investigated whether plasma apoB concentrations independently predicted the risk of hypertension in a cohort of Japanese Americans. METHODS A total of 233 normotensive Japanese Americans (77 men, 156 women; mean age, 46.4±11.0 years) were followed over 10 years to monitor them for the development of hypertension. Fasting plasma concentrations of apoB, glucose, and insulin were measured at baseline. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat areas were measured at baseline using computed tomography. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between apoB concentrations and the odds of incident hypertension. RESULTS The 10-year cumulative incidence of hypertension was 21.5%. The baseline apoB level was found to be positively associated with the odds of incident hypertension over 10 years after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, abdominal visceral fat area, abdominal subcutaneous fat area, total plasma cholesterol concentration, diabetes status, and HOMA-IR at baseline (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for a 1-standard deviation increase, 1.89 [1.06 to 3.37]; P=0.030). CONCLUSION Higher apoB concentrations predicted greater risks of future hypertension independent of abdominal visceral fat area and insulin sensitivity in Japanese Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jin Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon,
Korea
| | - Wilfred Y. Fujimoto
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA,
USA
| | - Steven E. Kahn
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA,
USA
- Hospital and Specialty Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA,
USA
| | - Donna L. Leonetti
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,
USA
| | - Edward J. Boyko
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA,
USA
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA,
USA
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Lee J, Chen B, Kohl HW, Barlow CE, do Lee C, Radford NB, DeFina LF, Gabriel KP. The Association of Physical Activity With Carotid Intima Media Thickening in a Healthy Older Population: Cooper Center Longitudinal Study. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 28:448-454. [PMID: 31801110 PMCID: PMC7266725 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2019-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between self-reported physical activity (PA) and mean common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA IMT) among older adults. The data are from 1,811 Cooper Center Longitudinal Study participants, who were aged ≥60 years, with no history of cardiovascular disease. A medical history questionnaire was used to assess PA. Carotid ultrasound was performed to measure CCA IMT and the presence of plaque and stenosis. Logistic regression models were constructed to estimate the association between PA and CCA IMT after adjustment for covariates. The participants were aged 69.2 ± 5.9 years, and the majority were male (73.3%) and White (96.7%). The odds ratio of abnormal thickening of CCA IMT was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [0.54, 0.96]) in physically active participants (≥500 metabolic equivalent·min/week) after adjustment for covariates. In the current study, meeting PA guidelines in older adulthood was associated with lower odds of abnormal thickening of CCA IMT.
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120
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Minks J. A theoretical framework to guide a study for exploring the impact of established and potential risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Appl Nurs Res 2020; 53:151267. [PMID: 32451009 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2020.151267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this paper is to present the conceptual framework that was used to guide a study on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). BACKGROUND The Stress and Coping Framework for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was developed in response to a review of the literature that suggests psychological stress, or simply distress, can contribute toward the development of T2DM with the established risk factors of genetic risk for diabetes (GRD), obesity, and advancing age. The literature shows that distress can influence insulin sensitivity and contribute to the development of T2DM; however, much of the literature fails to acknowledge the influence of distress in collaboration with GRD, obesity, and advancing age. METHOD As part of creating the current framework, an earlier version of the conceptual framework was used for a pilot study. An integrative review was conducted to examine the relationships among GRD, obesity (as a response to weight management), advancing age, distress, and coping (as a response to distress) to further refine the conceptual framework. Theoretical and empirical studies were examined to define distress, describe the nature and impact of the stress response, and determine how distress interacts with GRD, obesity, and advancing age. The literature was used to create a conceptual framework and model consisting of the interactions among the variables. CONCLUSION The Stress and Coping Framework for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus shows how distress can contribute to the development of T2DM by interacting directly with established risk factors and in promoting insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Minks
- Jonas Veterans Health Scholar, University of Missouri, 1 University Blvd, Ste. 40, Saint Louis, MO 63121, United States of America.
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Naka M, Kadoya M, Kosaka-Hamamoto K, Morimoto A, Miyoshi A, Kakutani M, Shoji T, Koyama H. Overestimation of glomerular filtration rate calculated from serum creatinine as compared with cystatin C in patients with subclinical hypercortisolism: Hyogo Adrenal Metabolic Registry. Endocr J 2020; 67:469-476. [PMID: 31969517 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej19-0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The skeletal muscle mass are decreased in the patients with hypercortisolism. Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is not accurately evaluated by calculation from serum creatinine (eGFRcre) in these patients. However, it is not known whether it applies to patients with subclinical hypercortisolism. We investigated the dissociation between eGFRcre and eGFR calculated from cystatin C (eGFRcys) in patients with subclinical hypercortisolism and its association with the skeletal muscle mass. This cross-sectional study includes 23 patients with overt Cushing's syndrome (CS), 84 patients with possible autonomous cortisol secretion (pACS) and 232 patients with non-functioning adenomas (NFA). eGFRcre, eGFRcys, the ratio of eGFRcre to eGFRcys (eGFRcre/eGFRcys) were calculated. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was measured by a direct segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance body composition analyzer. eGFRcre/eGFRcys was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in pACS (mean ± standard error: 1.15 ± 0.02) than NFA (1.06 ± 0.01). In multiple linear regression analysis, the presence of pACS (β = 0.162, p < 0.01), and post 1 mg-DST cortisol levels (β = 0.190, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with eGFRcre/eGFRcys independent of age, gender, BMI and diabetes. eGFRcre/eGFRcys was significantly and inversely associated with SMI (r = -0.164, p = 0.02). Furthermore, post 1 mg-DST cortisol levels was significantly associated with SMI in simple (r = -0.177, p = 0.01) and multiple (β = -0.089, p = 0.01) regression analyses. In conclusion, dissociation between eGFRcre and eGFRcys was observed in patients with subclinical hypercortisolism at least partly explained by muscle mass. Our findings raise an important clinical point that eGFRcre value should be carefully evaluated even in the phase of subclinical hypercortisolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Naka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Manabu Kadoya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kae Kosaka-Hamamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akiko Morimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akio Miyoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Miki Kakutani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takuhito Shoji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Koyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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Çolak S, Kazanci B, Ozçelik Soba D, Ozdamar Erol Y, Yilmazbas P. Effects of diabetes duration and HgA1C level on corneal endothelial morphology. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 31:967-975. [PMID: 32321301 DOI: 10.1177/1120672120914812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the HbA1c level and the duration of diabetes mellitus on the corneal endothelium morphology and to compare between healthy individuals and diabetes mellitus patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety patients who applied to the Health Sciences University Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital between January 2016 and January 2017 were included in this prospective randomized study. In the study, 45 diabetes mellitus patients and 45 healthy individuals were evaluated. The diabetes patients were compared in terms of HbA1c level, diabetes mellitus duration, corneal endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation, standard deviation, and hexagonality with healthy control group. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was found in the endothelial cell densitometer, coefficient of variation, and standard deviation measurements between the diabetes mellitus patients and the control (healthy) group. But, there was no statistically significant difference between 6A (hexagonality) and central corneal thickness measurements. There was a negative correlation between HbA1c levels and diabetes mellitus times and endothelial cell densitometer values in the patients with diabetes mellitus diagnosis and standard deviation values in the positive direction. There was a statistically significant difference between diabetes mellitus patients with the diagnosis of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in the endothelial cell densitometer and standard deviation values. But there was not any statistically significant difference between coefficient of variation, 6A, and central corneal thickness values. CONCLUSION The endothelial cell densitometer in diabetes mellitus patients with retinopathy is lower than that in healthy individuals. There is a negative correlation between retinopathy severity and corneal endothelial cell density. Diabetes affects negatively not only vascular tissues but also avascular cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Çolak
- Ministry of Health, Osmaniye Government Hospital, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Burcu Kazanci
- Ministry of Health, Ulucanlar Eye Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Ozçelik Soba
- Ministry of Health, Ulucanlar Eye Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Ozdamar Erol
- Ministry of Health, Ulucanlar Eye Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin Yilmazbas
- Ministry of Health, Ulucanlar Eye Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Sato C, Wakabayashi K, Ikeda N, Honda Y, Sato K, Suzuki T, Shibata K, Tanno K. Influence of sex on the incidence of potential coronary artery disease and long-term outcomes in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2020; 27:100504. [PMID: 32258362 PMCID: PMC7109624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2020.100504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetic patients often have coronary artery disease (CAD) without symptoms. It is known that females tend to have silent or less chest pain and worse prognoses when they develop acute coronary syndrome. Thus, sex differences may impact long-term outcomes in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with silent myocardial ischemia (SMI). The present study aimed to assess the influence of sex on long-term outcomes in DM patients with SMI. Methods A total of 461 consecutive asymptomatic and self-sufficient DM patients seen at our hospital from 2011 to 2017 were prospectively reviewed. Patients underwent an ergometer exercise test. When the exercise test was positive or the patient could not achieve 90% of their target heart rate, coronary angiography was performed. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), including death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and stroke. Results SMI was diagnosed in 81 patients. The median follow-up duration from diagnosis was 35 (15-57) months. The incidence of SMI was similar in females and males [34/170 (20%) vs. 47/291 (16.2%), p = 0.36]. Enrolled patients were divided into four groups according to sex and the presence/absence of SMI. Female patients with SMI showed worse clinical outcomes. After adjustment for age and coronary risk factors, female SMI was independently associated with MACCEs [hazard ratio 2.59, 95% confidence interval 1.07-5.68, p = 0.024], while male SMI was not. Conclusions Female SMI was associated with worse long-term outcomes in DM patients. Early diagnosis of potential SMI and appropriate care are required in female DM patients. (UMIN000038340).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Sato
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital, 5-1-38, Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Wakabayashi
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital, 5-1-38, Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Ikeda
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital, 5-1-38, Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Honda
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fuji Hospital, 1784, Niihashi, Gotemba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ken Sato
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Fuji Hospital, 1784, Niihashi, Gotemba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Suzuki
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital, 5-1-38, Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Shibata
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital, 5-1-38, Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tanno
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital, 5-1-38, Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Chen Z, Wright C, Dincel O, Chi TY, Kameoka J. A Low-Cost Paper Glucose Sensor with Molecularly Imprinted Polyaniline Electrode. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E1098. [PMID: 32079357 PMCID: PMC7070806 DOI: 10.3390/s20041098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For the hundreds of millions of worldwide diabetic patients, glucose test strips are the most important and commonly used tool for monitoring blood glucose levels. Commercial test strips use glucose oxidases as recognition agents, which increases the cost and reduces the durability of test strips. To lower the cost of glucose sensors, we developed a paper-based electrical sensor with molecularly imprinted glucose recognition sites and demonstrated the determination of various glucose concentrations in bovine blood solutions. The sensing electrode is integrated with molecular recognition sites in the conductive polymer. A calibration graph as a function of glucose concentration in aqueous solution was acquired and matched with a correlation coefficient of 0.989. We also demonstrated the determination of the added glucose concentrations ranging from 2.2 to 11.1 mM in bovine blood samples with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.984. This non-enzymatic glucose sensor has the potential to reduce the health care cost of test strips as well as make glucose sensor test strips more accessible to underserved communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyuan Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA; (Z.C.); (C.W.); (O.D.)
| | - Christopher Wright
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA; (Z.C.); (C.W.); (O.D.)
| | - Onder Dincel
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA; (Z.C.); (C.W.); (O.D.)
| | - Ting-Yen Chi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA;
| | - Jun Kameoka
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA; (Z.C.); (C.W.); (O.D.)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA;
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Safarpour P, Daneshi-Maskooni M, Vafa M, Nourbakhsh M, Janani L, Maddah M, Amiri FS, Mohammadi F, Sadeghi H. Vitamin D supplementation improves SIRT1, Irisin, and glucose indices in overweight or obese type 2 diabetic patients: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2020; 21:26. [PMID: 32033527 PMCID: PMC7007689 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-020-1096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (VD) may increase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and subsequently PPAR-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and irisin levels and these improvements may reduce insulin resistance (IR). The aim was to assess the effects of vitamin D supplementation on SIRT1, irisin, and IR in overweight/obese type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. METHODS Ninety T2D males and females were recruited as a clinical trial study (mean of age and body mass index (BMI) of intervention and placebo groups were 50.05 ± 10.17 and 50.36 ± 10.2 yrs. and 31.37 ± 3.4 and 30.43 ± 3.2 kg/m2, respectively). The inclusion criteria were T2D, VD deficient, BMI > 25 kg/m2, and serum HbA1c < 8.5%. The exclusion criteria were using vitamin and mineral supplements, having any acute disease, recent modifying dose or type of drugs. The supplementation was 50,000 IU/week VD or placebo for 8 weeks. The demographic characteristics, anthropometrics, dietary intakes and physical activity status, sun exposure status, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), irisin, SIRT1, 25-hydroxy D3 (25(OH)VD), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were determined. The significant P-value was ≤0.05. RESULTS The increase of serum VD, SIRT1, and irisin in the intervention group was significant (p < 0.001). HbA1c was decreased significantly by 1%. The changes in the other glucose indices (FBS, insulin, and IR) were non-significant. CONCLUSIONS VD supplementation may improve T2D by decreasing HbA1c and increasing SIRT1 and irisin in VD deficient T2D patients. Further trials are suggested. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT201604202365N11. Registered 21/08/2016, http://en.irct.ir/trial/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peivasteh Safarpour
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Daneshi-Maskooni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Vafa
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Janani
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Maddah
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh-Sadat Amiri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Mohammadi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan, Iran
| | - Homa Sadeghi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
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Rahman MH, Peng S, Hu X, Chen C, Rahman MR, Uddin S, Quinn JM, Moni MA. A Network-Based Bioinformatics Approach to Identify Molecular Biomarkers for Type 2 Diabetes that Are Linked to the Progression of Neurological Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17031035. [PMID: 32041280 PMCID: PMC7037290 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17031035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurological diseases (NDs) are progressive disorders, the progression of which can be significantly affected by a range of common diseases that present as comorbidities. Clinical studies, including epidemiological and neuropathological analyses, indicate that patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have worse progression of NDs, suggesting pathogenic links between NDs and T2D. However, finding causal or predisposing factors that link T2D and NDs remains challenging. To address these problems, we developed a high-throughput network-based quantitative pipeline using agnostic approaches to identify genes expressed abnormally in both T2D and NDs, to identify some of the shared molecular pathways that may underpin T2D and ND interaction. We employed gene expression transcriptomic datasets from control and disease-affected individuals and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in tissues of patients with T2D and ND when compared to unaffected control individuals. One hundred and ninety seven DEGs (99 up-regulated and 98 down-regulated in affected individuals) that were common to both the T2D and the ND datasets were identified. Functional annotation of these identified DEGs revealed the involvement of significant cell signaling associated molecular pathways. The overlapping DEGs (i.e., seen in both T2D and ND datasets) were then used to extract the most significant GO terms. We performed validation of these results with gold benchmark databases and literature searching, which identified which genes and pathways had been previously linked to NDs or T2D and which are novel. Hub proteins in the pathways were identified (including DNM2, DNM1, MYH14, PACSIN2, TFRC, PDE4D, ENTPD1, PLK4, CDC20B, and CDC14A) using protein-protein interaction analysis which have not previously been described as playing a role in these diseases. To reveal the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators of the DEGs we used transcription factor (TF) interactions analysis and DEG-microRNAs (miRNAs) interaction analysis, respectively. We thus identified the following TFs as important in driving expression of our T2D/ND common genes: FOXC1, GATA2, FOXL1, YY1, E2F1, NFIC, NFYA, USF2, HINFP, MEF2A, SRF, NFKB1, USF2, HINFP, MEF2A, SRF, NFKB1, PDE4D, CREB1, SP1, HOXA5, SREBF1, TFAP2A, STAT3, POU2F2, TP53, PPARG, and JUN. MicroRNAs that affect expression of these genes include mir-335-5p, mir-16-5p, mir-93-5p, mir-17-5p, mir-124-3p. Thus, our transcriptomic data analysis identifies novel potential links between NDs and T2D pathologies that may underlie comorbidity interactions, links that may include potential targets for therapeutic intervention. In sum, our neighborhood-based benchmarking and multilayer network topology methods identified novel putative biomarkers that indicate how type 2 diabetes (T2D) and these neurological diseases interact and pathways that, in the future, may be targeted for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Habibur Rahman
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (M.H.R.); (S.P.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Silong Peng
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (M.H.R.); (S.P.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiyuan Hu
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (M.H.R.); (S.P.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (M.H.R.); (S.P.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Md Rezanur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Enayetpur, Sirajgonj 6751, Bangladesh;
| | - Shahadat Uddin
- Complex Systems Research Group & Project Management Program, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Julian M.W. Quinn
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia;
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia;
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Y, Chen W, Feng B, Cao H. The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Aging Dis 2020; 11:141-153. [PMID: 32010488 PMCID: PMC6961772 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with high morbidity and mortality. Recently, stem cell-based therapy for DM has shown considerable promise. Here, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of published clinical studies to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy for both type 1 DM (T1DM) and type 2 DM (T2DM). The PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched up to November 2018. We employed a fixed-effect model using 95% confidence intervals (CIs) when no statistically significant heterogeneity existed. Otherwise, a random-effects statistical model was used. Twenty-one studies met our inclusion criteria: ten T1DM studies including 226 patients and eleven T2DM studies including 386 patients. Stem cell therapy improved C-peptide levels (mean difference (MD), 0.41; 95% CI, 0.06 to 0.76) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c; MD, -3.46; 95% CI, -6.01 to -0.91) for T1DM patients. For T2DM patients, stem cell therapy improved C-peptide levels (MD, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.59), HbA1c (MD, -0.87; 95% CI, -1.37 to -0.37) and insulin requirements (MD, -35.76; 95% CI, -40.47 to -31.04). However, there was no significant change in fasting plasma glucose levels (MD, -0.52; 95% CI, -1.38 to 0.34). Subgroup analyses showed significant HbA1c and C-peptide improvements in patients with T1DM treated with bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (BM-HSCs), while there was no significant change in the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) group. In T2DM, HbA1c and insulin requirements decreased significantly after MSC transplantation, and insulin requirements and C-peptide levels were significantly improved after bone marrow mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) treatment. Stem cell therapy is a relatively safe and effective method for selected individuals with DM. The data showed that BM-HSCs are superior to MSCs in the treatment of T1DM. In T2DM, MSC and BM-MNC transplantation showed favorable therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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Ebrahimpour-Malekshah R, Amini A, Zare F, Mostafavinia A, Davoody S, Deravi N, Rahmanian M, Hashemi SM, Habibi M, Ghoreishi SK, Chien S, Shafikhani S, Ahmadi H, Bayat S, Bayat M. Combined therapy of photobiomodulation and adipose-derived stem cells synergistically improve healing in an ischemic, infected and delayed healing wound model in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001033. [PMID: 32098898 PMCID: PMC7206914 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed the therapeutic effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) and adipose-derived stem cell (ADS) treatments individually and together on the maturation step of repairing of a delayed healing wound model in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We randomly assigned 24 rats with DM1 to four groups (n=6 per group). Group 1 was the control (placebo) group. In group 2, allograft human ADSs were transplanted. Group 3 was subjected to PBM (wavelength: 890 nm, peak power output: 80 W, pulse frequency: 80 Hz, pulsed duration: 180 ns, duration of exposure for each point: 200 s, power density: 0.001 W/cm2, energy density: 0.2 J/cm2) immediately after surgery, which continued for 6 days per week for 16 days. Group 4 received both the human ADS and PBM. In addition, we inflicted an ischemic, delayed healing, and infected wound simulation in all of the rats. The wounds were infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). RESULTS All three treatment regimens significantly decreased the amount of microbial flora, significantly increased wound strength and significantly modulated inflammatory response and significantly increased angiogenesis on day 16. Microbiological analysis showed that PBM+ADS was significantly better than PBM and ADS alone. In terms of wound closure rate and angiogenesis, PBM+ADS was significantly better than the PBM, ADS and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Combination therapy of PBM+ADS is more effective that either PBM or ADS in stimulating skin injury repair, and modulating inflammatory response in an MRSA-infected wound model of rats with DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohollah Ebrahimpour-Malekshah
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Amini
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zare
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atarodsadat Mostafavinia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samin Davoody
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahmanian
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Habibi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sufan Chien
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville, and Noveratech LLC of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Sasha Shafikhani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Cancer Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Houssein Ahmadi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Bayat
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville, and Noveratech LLC of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Mine K, Nagafuchi S, Hatano S, Tanaka K, Mori H, Takahashi H, Anzai K, Yoshikai Y. Impaired upregulation of Stat2 gene restrictive to pancreatic β-cells is responsible for virus-induced diabetes in DBA/2 mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:853-860. [PMID: 31708097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Viral infection is a putative causal factor for the development of type 1 diabetes, but the exact pathogenic mechanism of virus-induced diabetes (VID) remains unclear. Here, to identify the critical factors that regulate VID, we analyzed encephalomyocarditis D (EMC-D) VID-sensitive DBA/2 mice in comparison with resistant B6 mice. EMC-D virus-induced cell death occurred more frequently in DBA/2 β-cells than in B6 β-cells with 100U/ml IFN-β priming in vitro. We therefore purified β-cells using flow cytometry from mice two days after EMC-D virus infection and subjected them to microarray analysis. As a results, innate immune response pathway was found to be enriched in B6 β-cells. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (Stat2) gene interacted with genes in the pathway. Stat2 gene expression levels were lower in DBA/2 mice than in B6 mice, restrictive to β-cells. Moreover, administration of IFN-β failed to upregulate Stat2 gene in DBA/2 β-cells than in those of B6 in vivo. The viral titer significantly increased only in the DBA/2 pancreas. Thus, these provided data suggest that impaired upregulation of Stat2 gene restrictive to β-cells at the early stage of infection is responsible for VID development in DBA/2 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Mine
- Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Seiho Nagafuchi
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Shinya Hatano
- Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tanaka
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hitoe Mori
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Keizo Anzai
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Yoshikai
- Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Kanaya AM, Vittinghoff E, Lin F, Kandula NR, Herrington D, Liu K, Blaha M, Budoff MJ. Incidence and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcium in South Asians Compared With 4 Race/Ethnic Groups. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e011053. [PMID: 30630376 PMCID: PMC6497354 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.011053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background South Asians have a relatively high prevalence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) compared with other race/ethnic groups. We determined CAC incidence and progression among South Asians, and compared them with 4 race/ethnic groups. Methods and Results Data from the MASALA (Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America) study were used to calculate CAC incidence and progression rates and any CAC change. Data from the MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) were used to compare the CAC incidence and progression rates. A total of 698 South Asians had repeat CAC measurements after 4.8±0.8 years. Among those with no CAC at baseline, the age‐adjusted CAC incidence was 8.8% (95% CI, 6.8–10.8%) in men and 3.6% (2.5–4.8%) in women. The median annual CAC progression was 26 (interquartile range, 11–62) for men and 13 (interquartile range, 4–34) for women. Compared with MESA, age‐adjusted CAC incidence was similar in South Asian men compared with white, black, and Latino men, but significantly higher than Chinese men (11.1% versus 5.7%, P=0.008). After adjusting for age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and statin medication use, Chinese, black, and Latino men had significantly less CAC change compared with South Asian men, but there were no differences between South Asian and white men. There was no difference in CAC incidence or progression between South Asian women and women in MESA. Conclusions South Asian men had greater CAC change than Chinese, black, and Latino men but similar change to that of whites after adjusting for traditional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka M Kanaya
- 1 University of California, San Francisco San Francisco USA
| | | | - Feng Lin
- 1 University of California, San Francisco San Francisco USA
| | | | | | - Kiang Liu
- 2 Northwestern University Chicago USA
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Zaccarelli-Marino MA, Fonseca FLA, Gascón TM, Filipini R. Profile of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents and Frequency of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Glucose Intolerance: A Study in Public School in Brazil. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1733-1741. [PMID: 32547135 PMCID: PMC7247719 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s246061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify if there is an increase in frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and glucose intolerance in children and adolescents who are overweight and obese. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey. The study population consisted of 2757 students of both sexes (1415 girls and 1342 boys) attending public schools in São Paulo state, Brazil,aged 10-19 years, from 2011 to 2012. Students not within this age range and those with type 1 diabetes mellitus were excluded. Upon interview, anthropometry, capillary blood glucose testing, fasting glucosemia (FG) and glucosemia 2 hours after 75 g of dextrose (AD) variables were obtained. We emphasize that, inspite of the 2757 students included in the next stage, only 88 students agreed to participate, and low compliance of those participants is due to the fact that they were children and adolescents who depend on the authorization of their parents or tutors, who have demonstrated deficient knowledge of familial chronic diseases such as obesity and its consequences, and the risk of DM2. RESULTS More often girls, 1415 (51.3%). A total of 27.3% was overweight/obese/severely obese. Capillary blood glucose testing was performed in 88 (3.2%) children and adolescents with low values of glycemic results after the glucose load. There was no statistical significance between sex and glucosemia, with an average FG and AD of 92.8 mg/dL (male), 91.8 mg/dL (female) and 89.1 mg/dL (male) and 88.9 mg/dL (female), respectively. CONCLUSION This survey emphasizes that more attention should be paid to diet interventions and practicing of physical activities demanding habit changes and acquisition of special behaviour for self-care, and provision of a better educational health program, suggesting the effective participation of the family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
- Clinical Laboratory Analysis of ABC Medical School Foundation, Santo André, SP, Brazil
- Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Thaís Moura Gascón
- Clinical Laboratory Analysis of ABC Medical School Foundation, Santo André, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: Thaís Moura Gascón Clinical Analysis Laboratory of Faculdade de Medicina ABC, 2000, Lauro Gomes Avenue, Santo AndréCEP 09060-650, SP, BrazilTel +55 11 972280763 Email
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Shieb M, Koruturk S, Srivastava A, Mussa BM. Growth of Diabetes Research in United Arab Emirates: Current and Future Perspectives. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:395-401. [PMID: 30706787 PMCID: PMC7475803 DOI: 10.2174/1573399815666190201114408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases in the UAE. During the last two decades, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has experienced tremendous development in all fields including DM research. The present study sheds light on the growth in DM research in UAE and represents a guide for DM researchers to create more focused future directions in DM research. OBJECTIVES The main objective of the present study is to investigate and document the changes that occurred in DM research in the UAE over the last two decades. METHODS Several research databases were reviewed and all the articles that involved any form of DM research within the UAE were selected. Inclusion criteria were: (i) Research studies related to DM and conducted by institutions based in UAE (ii) Research studies related to DM and conducted in the population of UAE and (iii) Research articles related to DM and the authors (principal investigators or co-investigators) are from UAE. RESULTS Between the years of 1996 and 2000, there was an average of 6.4 articles about DM being published per year. This pattern changed dramatically between years 2011 to 2015 where an average of 22.8 articles were being published. In addition, a significant increase was noticed in the year 2015 with 42 articles published per year. It was also found that 46.8% articles involved clinical study, 12.1% were basic research, 17.5% cross-sectional studies, 8.91% reviews, 8.2% were cohort and all the other types of research represented about 5.58%. CONCLUSION Significant progress has been noticed in DM research in the UAE during the last two decades. Based on the findings of the present study, more focus should be given to the case reports and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Shieb
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sema Koruturk
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ankita Srivastava
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bashair M. Mussa
- Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Address correspondence to this author at the Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, United Arab Emirates; Tel: +971-65057220; Fax: +971-6558579; E-mail:
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Umoh VA, Akpan EE, Ekrikpo UE, Idung AU, Ekpe EE. The Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Niger Med J 2020; 61:32-36. [PMID: 32317819 PMCID: PMC7113821 DOI: 10.4103/nmj.nmj_129_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT/AIMS Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus share obesity as a common risk factor. The presence of OSA may contribute to increased morbidity and mortality of diabetes. Despite their close association, OSA is not routinely evaluated in diabetic patients. This study was conducted to determine the risk of OSA among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. METHODS Type 2 diabetic patients attending a tertiary hospital in Nigeria were evaluated for OSA risk using the Berlin Questionnaire. Other parameters measured included anthropometry and blood pressure (BP). RESULTS Three hundred and twenty-seven patients participated in this survey: 177 (54.1%) were female and 150 (45.9%) were male. The average age of the patients was 56.2 ± 9.3 years. Seventy-eight (44.8%) females were obese compared to 30 (20.0%) males,P < 0.001. Two hundred and one (61.5%) patients were previously known hypertensives with only 48 (23.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.2-30.4) of them having good BP control. One hundred and sixty-two (49.5%, 95% CI; 44.0-55.1) patients had a high risk for OSA: 96 (54.2%; 95% CI: 44.6-61.7) females and 66 (44.0%; 95% CI: 35.9-52.3) males. The strongest predictor for a high risk of OSA was poorly controlled BP with an odds ratio of 2.6 (95% CI: 1.6-4.3). CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated that there is a high risk of OSA among Type 2 diabetic patients and that OSA risk is significantly associated with poor BP control and obesity. We recommend that diabetic patients should be assessed for OSA risk as part of their routine evaluation.
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134
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(New antidiabetics and cardiovascular safety in the light of clinical trials). COR ET VASA 2019. [DOI: 10.33678/cor.2019.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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135
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Kim HS, Kim DJ, Yoon KH. Medical Big Data Is Not Yet Available: Why We Need Realism Rather than Exaggeration. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2019; 34:349-354. [PMID: 31884734 PMCID: PMC6935779 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2019.34.4.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most people are now familiar with the concepts of big data, deep learning, machine learning, and artificial intelligence (AI) and have a vague expectation that AI using medical big data can be used to improve the quality of medical care. However, the expectation that big data could change the field of medicine is inconsistent with the current reality. The clinical meaningfulness of the results of research using medical big data needs to be examined. Medical staff needs to be clear about the purpose of AI that utilizes medical big data and to focus on the quality of this data, rather than the quantity. Further, medical professionals should understand the necessary precautions for using medical big data, as well as its advantages. No doubt that someday, medical big data will play an essential role in healthcare; however, at present, it seems too early to actively use it in clinical practice. The field continues to work toward developing medical big data and making it appropriate for healthcare. Researchers should continue to engage in empirical research to ensure that appropriate processes are in place to empirically evaluate the results of its use in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun Sung Kim
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Dai Jin Kim
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kun Ho Yoon
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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136
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Song C, Wang M, Fang H, Gong W, Mao D, Ding C, Fu Q, Feng G, Chen Z, Ma Y, Yao Y, Liu A. Effects of variants of 50 genes on diabetes risk among the Chinese population born in the early 1960s. J Diabetes 2019; 11:857-868. [PMID: 30907055 PMCID: PMC6850447 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have identified loci that significantly increase diabetes risk. This study explored the genetic susceptibility in relation to diabetes risk in adulthood among a Chinese population born in the early 1960s. METHODS In all, 2129 subjects (833 males, 1296 females) were selected from the cross-sectional 2010 to 2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. Fifty diabetes-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected. Two diabetes genetic risk scores (GRSs) based on the 50 diabetes-predisposing variants were developed to examine the association of these SNPs with diabetes risk. RESULTS Associations were found between diabetes risk and SNPs in the MTNR1B (rs10830963), KLHDC5 (rs10842994), GRK5 (rs10886471), cyclindependentkinase 5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1 (rs10946398), adaptorrelated protein complex 3 subunit sigma 2 (rs2028299), diacylglycerol kinase beta/transmembrane protein 195 (rs2191349), SREBF chaperone (rs4858889), ankyrin1 (rs516946), RAS guanyl releasing protein 1 (rs7403531), and zinc finger AN1-type containing 3 (rs9470794) genes. As a continuous variable, with a 1-point increase in the GRS or weighted (w) GRS, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) increased 0.045 and 0.044 mM, respectively (P < 0.001 for both), after adjusting for confounders. Both GRS and wGRS showed an association with diabetes, with a multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.09 (1.00-1.19) and 1.12 (1.03-1.22), respectively, among all subjects. No significant associations were found between the GRS or wGRS and impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest the association of 10 SNPs and the GRS or wGRS with diabetes risk. Genetic susceptibility to diabetes may synergistically affect the risk of diabetes in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Meng Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Hongyun Fang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Weiyan Gong
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Deqian Mao
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Caicui Ding
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Qiqi Fu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Ganyu Feng
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Zheng Chen
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Yanning Ma
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Yecheng Yao
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
| | - Ailing Liu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthBeijingChina
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Abstract
Hearing loss is a highly prevalent chronic condition. In addition to age, sex, noise exposure, and genetic predisposition, cardiovascular disease and its antecedents may precipitate hearing loss. Of emerging interest is the connection between diabetes and auditory dysfunction. Cross-sectional studies consistently suggest that prevalence of hearing loss is higher in persons with diabetes compared with those without diabetes, especially among younger persons. Furthermore, longitudinal studies have demonstrated higher incidence of hearing loss in persons with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. These findings seem to hold for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, although considerably more population-based evidence is available for type 2 diabetes. Data on gestational diabetes and hearing outcomes are limited, as are data relating diabetes to otologic sequelae such as fungal infection. Here, we examine evidence from epidemiologic studies of diabetes and hearing loss and consider clinical and laboratory data where population-based data are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael R. Baiduc
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Elizabeth P. Helzner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
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138
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Validation of Identified Susceptible Gene Variants for New-Onset Diabetes in Renal Transplant Recipients. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101696. [PMID: 31623129 PMCID: PMC6832625 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and candidate gene approaches have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with new-onset diabetes after renal transplantation (NODAT). We evaluated associations between NODAT and SNPs identified in previous studies. We genotyped 1102 renal transplant recipients from the Korean Organ Transplantation Registry (KOTRY) database; 13 SNPs were assessed for associations with NODAT (occurring in 254 patients; 23.0%), within one year after transplantation. The frequency of the T allele at KCNQ1 rs2237892 was significantly lower in patients with NODAT compared to control patients (0.30 vs. 0.39; p = 8.5 × 10-5). The T allele at rs2237892 was significantly associated with decreased risk of NODAT after adjusting for multiple variables, compared to the C allele (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.51-0.79; p = 5.5 × 10-5). Dominant inheritance modeling showed that CT/TT genotypes were associated with a lower risk for development of NODAT (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.42-0.76; p = 2.0 × 10-4) compared to the CC genotype. No other SNPs were associated with NODAT. Our study validated the protective effect of T allele at KCNQ1 rs2237892 on the development of NODAT in a large cohort of renal transplant recipients. Our findings on susceptibility variants might be a useful tool to predict NODAT development after renal transplantation.
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139
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Lee JH, Lee SA, Kim HD. Periodontitis and intake of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin among Korean adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2019; 48:21-31. [PMID: 31583741 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adequate intake of vitamin B complex could be prerequisite to health. However, few studies have been reported on the association of thiamine (vit B1 ), riboflavin (vit B2 ) and niacin (vit B3 ) with periodontal health. This study described the association between periodontal health and dietary vit B1 , vit B2 and vit B3 intake in the Korean population. METHODS A total of 12 750 adults aged over 19 years were selected for this study as a sub-sample of the national data set from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (IV and V). Periodontitis and gingivitis were defined as Community Periodontal Index (CPI) scores of 3-4 and 1-2, respectively. Information on dietary vit B1 , vit B2 and vit B3 intake was from 24-hour dietary recall method. Multivariable complex logistic regression analyses estimated association between vit B1 , vit B2 and vit B3 intakes and periodontal health after adjusting for various potential confounders. Stratified analyses by age, sex, dyslipidemia and total energy intake were also undertaken. RESULTS The overall estimated prevalence of periodontitis (CPI 3-4) and gingivitis (CPI 1-2) was 29.9% and 46.6%, respectively. Our data showed none of the inadequate intake of vit B1 , vit B2 and B3 showed significant association with gingivitis after adjusting for potential confounders. Inadequate intake of vit B3 showed higher prevalence odds of periodontitis by 1.25 times (adjusted odds ratio = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.07-1.46). The association of vit B3 with periodontitis was stronger in females and participants aged 40-59 years. CONCLUSIONS Inadequate dietary intake of vit B3 was associated with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hoo Lee
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Ah Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kang Won National University, Chun Cheon, Korea
| | - Hyun-Duck Kim
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Mohamed A, Staite E, Ismail K, Winkley K. A systematic review of diabetes self-management education interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Asian Western Pacific (AWP) region. Nurs Open 2019; 6:1424-1437. [PMID: 31660170 PMCID: PMC6805261 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of educational and/or psychological diabetes self-management education (DSME) intervention for people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in the Asian Western Pacific (AWP) region. BACKGROUND Translational research indicates that DSME is effective; therefore, it is important to look at the AWP region to see what has been implemented and what the potential barriers are for the low integration of DSME. The need for DSME is present, and programmes are being developed. Therefore, focusing a systematic review of DSME research in the AWP region would give a better understanding of which intervention approaches are associated with better clinical outcomes and are culturally acceptable. DESIGN A systematic review. METHODS A review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative studies to evaluate the effectiveness of face-to-face delivery reporting educational and/or psychological interventions for people with T2DM was implemented. We conducted searches using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed and ASSIA databases between January 1990-June 2018. Studies published in English and non-English were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data on participant and intervention characteristics. The quality of evidence was rated on predetermined criteria. Main outcomes included glycaemic control (reduction in HbA1c level). RESULTS We included 21 DSME programmes (17 RCTs), while 15 were group-based approaches. Twelve studies (60%) were categorized as high quality. Three studies (25%) had a moderate (good) effect. Eight trials were effective in improving glycaemic control and reported statistically significant improvements in HbA1c levels. 50% of these were high-intensity group-based programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbaktun Mohamed
- Department of Psychological MedicineInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Emily Staite
- Department of Psychological MedicineInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Khalida Ismail
- Department of Psychological MedicineInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Kirsty Winkley
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of NursingMidwifery & Palliative CareKing’s College LondonLondonUK
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Kawel-Boehm N, Kronmal R, Eng J, Folsom A, Burke G, Carr JJ, Shea S, Lima JAC, Bluemke DA. Left Ventricular Mass at MRI and Long-term Risk of Cardiovascular Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Radiology 2019; 293:107-114. [PMID: 31453766 PMCID: PMC6776886 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019182871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Few data exist on the long-term risk prediction of elevated left ventricular (LV) mass quantified by MRI for cardiovascular (CV) events in a contemporary, ethnically diverse cohort. Purpose To assess the long-term impact of elevated LV mass on CV events in a prospective cohort study of a multiethnic population in relationship to risk factors and coronary artery calcium (CAC) score. Materials and Methods The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, or MESA (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00005487), is an ongoing prospective multicenter population-based study in the United States. A total of 6814 participants (age range, 45-84 years) free of clinical CV disease at baseline were enrolled between 2000 and 2002. In 4988 participants (2613 [52.4%] women; mean age, 62 years ± 10.1 [standard deviation]) followed over 15 years for CV events, LV mass was derived from cardiac MRI at baseline enrollment by using semiautomated software at a central core laboratory. Cox proportional hazard models, Kaplan-Meier curves, and z scores were applied to assess the impact of LV hypertrophy. Results A total of 290 participants had hard coronary heart disease (CHD) events (207 myocardial infarctions [MIs], 95 CHD deaths), 57 had other CV disease-related deaths, and 215 had heart failure (HF). LV hypertrophy was an independent predictor of hard CHD events (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9, 3.8), MI (HR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.8, 4.0), CHD death (HR: 4.3; 95% CI: 2.5, 7.3), other CV death (HR: 7.5; 95% CI: 4.2, 13.5), and HF (HR: 5.4; 95% CI: 3.8, 7.5) (P < .001 for all end points). LV hypertrophy was a stronger predictor than CAC for CHD death, other CV death, and HF (z scores: 5.4 vs 3.4, 6.8 vs 2.4, and 9.7 vs 3.2 for LV hypertrophy vs CAC, respectively). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated an increased risk of CV events in participants with LV hypertrophy, particularly after 5 years. Conclusion Elevated left ventricular mass was strongly associated with hard coronary heart disease events, other cardiovascular death, and heart failure over 15 years of follow-up, independent of traditional risk factors and coronary artery calcium score. © RSNA, 2019 See also the editorial by Hanneman in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Kawel-Boehm
- From the Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden,
Loestrasse 170, 7000 Chur, Switzerland (N.K.); Collaborative Health Studies
Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (R.K.); Department
of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.E.) and Division of Cardiology
(J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; Division of Epidemiology
and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn (A.F.);
Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
(G.B.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, Tenn (J.J.C.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York,
NY (S.S.); and Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.)
| | - Richard Kronmal
- From the Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden,
Loestrasse 170, 7000 Chur, Switzerland (N.K.); Collaborative Health Studies
Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (R.K.); Department
of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.E.) and Division of Cardiology
(J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; Division of Epidemiology
and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn (A.F.);
Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
(G.B.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, Tenn (J.J.C.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York,
NY (S.S.); and Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.)
| | - John Eng
- From the Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden,
Loestrasse 170, 7000 Chur, Switzerland (N.K.); Collaborative Health Studies
Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (R.K.); Department
of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.E.) and Division of Cardiology
(J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; Division of Epidemiology
and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn (A.F.);
Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
(G.B.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, Tenn (J.J.C.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York,
NY (S.S.); and Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.)
| | - Aaron Folsom
- From the Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden,
Loestrasse 170, 7000 Chur, Switzerland (N.K.); Collaborative Health Studies
Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (R.K.); Department
of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.E.) and Division of Cardiology
(J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; Division of Epidemiology
and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn (A.F.);
Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
(G.B.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, Tenn (J.J.C.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York,
NY (S.S.); and Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.)
| | - Gregory Burke
- From the Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden,
Loestrasse 170, 7000 Chur, Switzerland (N.K.); Collaborative Health Studies
Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (R.K.); Department
of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.E.) and Division of Cardiology
(J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; Division of Epidemiology
and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn (A.F.);
Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
(G.B.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, Tenn (J.J.C.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York,
NY (S.S.); and Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.)
| | - J. Jeffrey Carr
- From the Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden,
Loestrasse 170, 7000 Chur, Switzerland (N.K.); Collaborative Health Studies
Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (R.K.); Department
of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.E.) and Division of Cardiology
(J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; Division of Epidemiology
and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn (A.F.);
Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
(G.B.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, Tenn (J.J.C.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York,
NY (S.S.); and Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.)
| | - Steven Shea
- From the Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden,
Loestrasse 170, 7000 Chur, Switzerland (N.K.); Collaborative Health Studies
Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (R.K.); Department
of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.E.) and Division of Cardiology
(J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; Division of Epidemiology
and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn (A.F.);
Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
(G.B.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, Tenn (J.J.C.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York,
NY (S.S.); and Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.)
| | - João A. C. Lima
- From the Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden,
Loestrasse 170, 7000 Chur, Switzerland (N.K.); Collaborative Health Studies
Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (R.K.); Department
of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.E.) and Division of Cardiology
(J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; Division of Epidemiology
and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn (A.F.);
Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
(G.B.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, Tenn (J.J.C.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York,
NY (S.S.); and Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.)
| | - David A. Bluemke
- From the Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden,
Loestrasse 170, 7000 Chur, Switzerland (N.K.); Collaborative Health Studies
Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (R.K.); Department
of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.E.) and Division of Cardiology
(J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; Division of Epidemiology
and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn (A.F.);
Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
(G.B.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, Tenn (J.J.C.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York,
NY (S.S.); and Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.)
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142
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Özalp Kızılay D, Şen S, Ersoy B. Associations Between Serum Uric Acid Concentrations and Cardiometabolic Risk and Renal Injury in Obese and Overweight Children. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2019; 11:262-269. [PMID: 30759960 PMCID: PMC6745466 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2018.2019.0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the association between serum uric acid concentration (SUAC) and the parameters of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance (IR). The secondary aim was to evaluate whether hyperuricemia is associated with renal injury and cardiovascular risk in obese (OB) and overweight (OW) children. Methods The subjects of this study consisted of OB/OW children and adolescents (ages: 8-18 years). Sex and age specific serum uric acid (SUA) olarak değiştirilecek percentiles were used and a SUA >75th percentile was accepted as hyperuricemia. Anthropometric data, blood pressure (BP) measurements and biochemical parameters, including fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, homeostatic model assessments of IR (HOMA-IR) and SUAC were recorded. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed in all patients. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Total cholesterol/HDL-c ratio >4 and TG/HDL-c ratio >2.2 were used as the atherogenic index (AI) indicating cardiovascular risk. Urinary albumin excretion in a 24-hour and also in a first-morning urine sample were measured. Renal injury was assessed by microalbuminuria according to the National Kidney Foundation criteria. Results There were 128 participants; 52 (40%) had elevated (SUA >75th percentile) and 76 had (60%) normal SUAC. The mean±SD age was 13.1±2.6 years and 87 (67.4%) were female. The mean±SD weight was 73±18.97 kg and mean±SD height was 155.4±12.11 cm. There was no statistical difference between the groups with and without hyperuricemia in terms of age, sex, puberty stage and degree of obesity. Increased SUAC were significantly associated with higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting insulin levels and insulin at 30 and 60 minutes during OGTT, HOMA-IR, lower HDL-c and presence of hypertriglyceridemia as well as with decreased HDL-c, increased AI, presence of IR and MetS. BP and microalbuminuria were not associated with SUAC. SUAC showed significant positive correlations with waist circumference, WHR, post-challenge glucose level at 60 minutes, with fasting insulin, post-challenge insulin levels at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes and also with HOMA-IR, total cholesterol/HDL-c ratio, TG/HDL-c ratio and a number of other criteria related to MetS. Also, an inverse correlation with HDL-c was noted. Conclusion In OB/OW children frequency of MetS, IR and dislipidemia increases with increased SUAC, a finding independent of age, puberty, gender and body mass index. Patients meeting all of the MetS criteria had the highest SUAC. These results demonstrate that the association between UA and metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors can be detected early in childhood. Thus, we recommend monitoring SUAC in OB children and we believe that prevention of SUAC elevation in early life has a potential protective effect on metabolic impairment and subsequent comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Özalp Kızılay
- Çiğli State Training Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Semra Şen
- Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Betül Ersoy
- Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Manisa, Turkey
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143
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Madhu B, Prathyusha K, Prakruthi P, Srinath KM. Comparison of prevalence of life style risk factors and 10 year risk of CVD event among rural and tribal population of Kollegal Taluk, Chamrajanagar district, South India. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2961-2966. [PMID: 31425964 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cardiovascular diseases have been recognized as leading cause of death. Three-fourths of CVD deaths occur in low and middle income countries. Surveillance of CVD risk factors is a key strategy for effective CVD prevention. AIMS To identify the extent of CVD risk factors and 10 year risk of developing Cardiovascular Disease events among rural and tribal population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This community based cross sectional study was conducted on a total of 482 rural and 415 tribal subjects aged above 30 years from Kollegal taluk, Chamrajanagar, Karnataka, India. Tobacco and alcohol consumption, BMI, blood pressure and capillary blood glucose were estimated. WHO/ISH risk prediction chart was used to predict 10 year risk of MI/stroke. RESULTS Tobacco consumption was 15.4% (rural) and 90.8% (tribal). Alcohol consumption was 10.8% (rural) and 21.9% (tribal), Obesity was 40.2% (rural) and 14.0% (tribal). Prevalence of Hypertension was 49.8% (rural) and 32.2% (Tribal) and diabetes 8.3% (rural) and 2.9% (tribal). Nearly one fourth of the population are at moderate risk (10-30%) and one tenth are at high risk (30%) of MI/Stroke within 10 years. CONCLUSIONS High prevalence of tobacco consumption among tribal and high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among rural predisposes 10% of population to moderate to high risk of stroke/MI within 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Madhu
- Department of Community Medicine, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
| | - K Prathyusha
- Department of Community Medicine, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - P Prakruthi
- Department of Community Medicine, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - K M Srinath
- Department of General Medicine, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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144
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He Z, Xie H, Liang S, Tang Y, Ding W, Wu Y, Ming W. Influence of different diagnostic criteria on gestational diabetes mellitus incidence and medical expenditures in China. J Diabetes Investig 2019; 10:1347-1357. [PMID: 30663279 PMCID: PMC6717806 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION To summarize the development of the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in China, and investigate how different GDM diagnostic criteria influence the national prevalence of GDM, the national health system and the economic burden of GDM in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospectively using data from women undergoing a 2-h, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 gestational weeks in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Guangzhou, Guangdong, China) from January 2011 to December 2017, the prevalence rate of GDM and its impacts on the national health system were evaluated using different criteria (the 7th edition textbook criteria, National Diabetes Data Group 1979, World Health Organization 1985, European Association for the Study of Diabetes 1996, Japan 2002, American Diabetes Association [ADA] 2011 [International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups], and National Institute for Heath and Care Excellence 2015). RESULTS The incidence rates of GDM based on the ADA 2011 and National Institute for Heath and Care Excellence 2015 were, respectively, 22.94% (P < 0.01) and 21.72% (P < 0.01), over threefold higher than implementing the 7th edition textbook criteria (P < 0.001). On the contrary, the incidence rates of GDM diagnosed with the National Diabetes Data Group 1979 and World Health Organization 1985 guidelines were significantly less than the 7th edition textbook criteria (P < 0.001). From 2001 to 2016, the estimated national cost of treating GDM rose from ¥3.9 billion to ¥27.4 billion after implementing the ADA 2011 guidelines. CONCLUSIONS With the implementation of ADA 2011 (International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups) guidelines, there are fewer adverse perinatal outcomes and cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the long term, but the medical costs increased significantly, and the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic criteria in China is still yet to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglin He
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Faculty of MedicineInternational SchoolJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Huatao Xie
- Faculty of MedicineInternational SchoolJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shangqiang Liang
- Faculty of MedicineInternational SchoolJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Tang
- Faculty of MedicineInternational SchoolJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenjing Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yanxin Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wai‐kit Ming
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Faculty of MedicineInternational SchoolJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Harvard Medical SchoolHarvard UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
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145
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Yu P, Guo J, Li J, Chen W, Zhao T. Co-expression network analysis revealing the key lncRNAs in diabetic foot ulcers. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1123-1132. [PMID: 31572456 PMCID: PMC6764308 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.84699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are the most common foot injuries leading to lower extremity amputation in diabetic patients. Recent studies showed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) played important roles in diverse biological processes. In this study, we focused on identifying differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in DFU. MATERIAL AND METHODS Real-time PCR assay was performed to validate the expression pattern of lncRNAs in DFU. Moreover, co-expression networks were also constructed to identify hub lncRNAs in DFU. Specifically, gene ontology (GO) analysis was first performed to evaluate the potential roles of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and lncRNAs in DFU. RESULTS In the present study, we identified 58 up-regulated lncRNAs and 42 down-regulated lncRNAs in DFU samples compared to non-diabetic foot skin samples by analyzing the GSE68186 dataset. Four lncRNAs (FLJ30679, LINC01193, LINC00692, and LINC00641) were observed to be up-regulated in DFU. Furthermore, we found that the down-regulated lncRNA-mediated co-expression network contained 42 lncRNAs and 700 DEGs and the up-regulated lncRNA mediated co-expression network contained 58 lncRNAs and 688 DEGs. CONCLUSIONS Bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially expressed lncRNAs were involved in regulating the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, secondary alcohol biosynthetic process, centrosome duplication and DNA repair. These results suggested the potential prognostic value of lncRNAs in DFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijun Yu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, China
- Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianlan Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, China
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146
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Perreault L, Pan Q, Schroeder EB, Kalyani RR, Bray GA, Dagogo-Jack S, White NH, Goldberg RB, Kahn SE, Knowler WC, Mathioudakis N, Dabelea D. Regression From Prediabetes to Normal Glucose Regulation and Prevalence of Microvascular Disease in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS). Diabetes Care 2019; 42:1809-1815. [PMID: 31320445 PMCID: PMC6702603 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regression from prediabetes to normal glucose regulation (NGR) was associated with reduced incidence of diabetes by 56% over 10 years in participants in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS). In an observational analysis, we examined whether regression to NGR also reduced risk for microvascular disease (MVD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the prevalence of aggregate MVD at DPPOS year 11 in people who regressed to NGR at least once (vs. never) during the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). Logistic regression assessed the relationship of NGR with retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, individually. Generalized additive models fit smoothing splines to describe the relationship between average A1C during follow-up and MVD (and its subtypes) at the end of follow-up. RESULTS Regression to NGR was associated with lower prevalence of aggregate MVD in models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, baseline A1C, and treatment arm (odds ratio [OR] 0.78, 95% CI 0.65-0.78, P = 0.011). However, this association was lost in models that included average A1C during follow-up (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.78-1.16, P = 0.63) or diabetes status at the end of follow-up (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.75-1.12, P = 0.40). Similar results were observed in examination of the association between regression to NGR and prevalence of nephropathy and retinopathy, individually. Risk for aggregate MVD, nephropathy, and retinopathy increased across the A1C range. CONCLUSIONS Regression to NGR is associated with a lower prevalence of aggregate MVD, nephropathy, and retinopathy, primarily due to lower glycemic exposure over time. Differential risk for the MVD subtypes begins in the prediabetes A1C range.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Pan
- George Washington University, Rockville, MD
| | - Emily B Schroeder
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | | | - George A Bray
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | | | - Neil H White
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Steven E Kahn
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - William C Knowler
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
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147
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Vitolins MZ, Blackwell CS, Katula JA, Isom SP, Case LD. Long-term Weight Loss Maintenance in the Continuation of a Randomized Diabetes Prevention Translational Study: The Healthy Living Partnerships to Prevent Diabetes (HELP PD) Continuation Trial. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:1653-1660. [PMID: 31296648 PMCID: PMC6702609 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HELP PD was a clinical trial of 301 adults with prediabetes. Participants were randomized to enhanced usual care (EUC) or to a lifestyle weight loss (LWL) intervention led by community health workers that consisted of a 6-month intensive phase (phase 1) and 18 months of maintenance (phase 2). At 24 months, participants were asked to enroll in phase 3 to assess whether continued group maintenance (GM) sessions would maintain improvements realized in phases 1 and 2 compared with self-directed maintenance (SM) or EUC. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In phase 3, LWL participants were randomly assigned to GM or SM. EUC participants remained in the EUC arm and, along with participants in SM, received monthly newsletters. All participants received semiannual dietitian sessions. Anthropometrics and biomarkers were assessed every 6 months. Mixed-effects models were used to assess changes in outcomes over time. RESULTS Eighty-two of the 151 intervention participants (54%) agreed to participate in phase 3; 41 were randomized to GM and 41 to SM. Of the 150 EUC participants, 107 (71%) continued. Ninety percent of clinic visits were completed. Over 48 months of additional follow-up, outcomes remained relatively stable in the EUC participants; the GM group was able to maintain body weight, BMI, and waist circumference; and these measures all increased significantly (P < 0.001) in the SM group. CONCLUSIONS Participants in the GM arm maintained weight loss achieved in phases 1 and 2, while those in the SM arm regained weight. Because group session attendance by the participants in the GM arm was low, it is unclear what intervention components led to successful weight maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Z Vitolins
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Caroline S Blackwell
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Jeffrey A Katula
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Scott P Isom
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - L Douglas Case
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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148
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Akbarzadeh M, Naderi T, Dabbaghmanesh MH. The glucose metabolism disorder and dyslipidemia among girls with different phenotype polycystic ovary syndrome. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 24:72. [PMID: 31523258 PMCID: PMC6734671 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_804_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of glucose metabolism disorder and dyslipidemia in 14–18-year-old girls with different phenotype polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 3200 high-school adolescents aged 14–18 years in Shiraz in 2010. Selected parameters of metabolic syndrome (fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance test [GTT], insulin level, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein [HDL]), based on adult treatment panel Ш definition criteria, were compared between the “PCOS” and control groups. Results: Results were compared at four main phenotypes. The level of serum TG was increased in the Phenotype B (P = 0.03) and Phenotype D (P = 0.01), compared to the control group. Cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels (P < 0.05) and GTT (P > 0.05) were increased, and HDL was decreased (was below 50) in all the four phenotypes and the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The risk of metabolic alterations of glucose metabolism disorder and dyslipidemia in PCOS adolescents was more than non-PCOS counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Midwifery, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Naderi
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Centre, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad H Dabbaghmanesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Sanghera DK, Hopkins R, Malone-Perez MW, Bejar C, Tan C, Mussa H, Whitby P, Fowler B, Rao CV, Fung KA, Lightfoot S, Frazer JK. Targeted sequencing of candidate genes of dyslipidemia in Punjabi Sikhs: Population-specific rare variants in GCKR promote ectopic fat deposition. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211661. [PMID: 31369557 PMCID: PMC6675050 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Although, advances in genome-wide technologies have enabled the discovery of hundreds of genes associated with blood lipid phenotypes, most of the heritability remains unexplained. Here we performed targeted resequencing of 13 bona fide candidate genes of dyslipidemia to identify the underlying biological functions. We sequenced 940 Sikh subjects with extreme serum levels of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and 2,355 subjects were used for replication studies; all 3,295 participants were part of the Asian Indians Diabetic Heart Study. Gene-centric analysis revealed burden of variants for increasing HTG risk in GCKR (p = 2.1x10-5), LPL (p = 1.6x10-3) and MLXIPL (p = 1.6x10-2) genes. Of these, three missense and damaging variants within GCKR were further examined for functional consequences in vivo using a transgenic zebrafish model. All three mutations were South Asian population-specific and were largely absent in other multiethnic populations of Exome Aggregation Consortium. We built different transgenic models of human GCKR with and without mutations and analyzed the effects of dietary changes in vivo. Despite the short-term of feeding, profound phenotypic changes were apparent in hepatocyte histology and fat deposition associated with increased expression of GCKR in response to a high fat diet (HFD). Liver histology of the GCKRmut showed severe fatty metamorphosis which correlated with ~7 fold increase in the mRNA expression in the GCKRmut fish even in the absence of a high fat diet. These findings suggest that functionally disruptive GCKR variants not only increase the risk of HTG but may enhance ectopic lipid/fat storage defects in absence of obesity and HFD. To our knowledge, this is the first transgenic zebrafish model of a putative human disease gene built to accurately assess the influence of genetic changes and their phenotypic consequences in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir K. Sanghera
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Ruth Hopkins
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Megan W. Malone-Perez
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Cynthia Bejar
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Chengcheng Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Huda Mussa
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Paul Whitby
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Ben Fowler
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Imaging Core Facility, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Chinthapally V. Rao
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - KarMing A. Fung
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Stan Lightfoot
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - J. Kimble Frazer
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
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Ahmadi F, Moogahi S, Bahrami H. Determining frequency and pattern of infections associated with diabetes based educational hospitals in Ahvaz city; Iran. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2441-2444. [PMID: 31405657 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease known as one of the most common illness in the world. It is believed that diabetic patients are at high risk of varied infections than non-diabetics. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and pattern of infections in diabetic patients admitted to the internal wards of educational hospitals of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 700 diabetic patients from January 2014 to December 2015 in internal wards (general, endocrine, gastroenterology, lung, nephrology, cardiology, neurology and infectious diseases) of educational hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz JundishapurUniversity of Medical Sciences. Data includeddemographic information, type of diabetes treatment, duration of diabetes mellitus, final diagnosis, and blood sugar on admission that were analyzed statistically. RESULTS Out of 700 patients, 374 (53.4%) women and 326 (46.6%) men were entered into this study. The number of non-infectious and infectious patients were 506 (72.3%) and 194 (27.7%). The mean of age,duration of diabetes, and glucose were 62.34 ± 14.38 years, 11.11 ± 7.18 years, and 271.98 ± 90 (mg/dl) in patients with infectious diseases respectively. The most common infectious illnesses were diabetic foot infections (32.5%), pneumonia (18%), soft tissue abscess(13.9%), and urinary tract infections (11.3%). CONCLUSION Infectious diseases are one of the most common factorsto hospitalize diabetic patients (27.7%), most of whom had diabetic foot infections, pneumonia, and soft tissue abscess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ahmadi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sasan Moogahi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Hoda Bahrami
- Medical Student of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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