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Carlsson P, Breivik K, Brorström-Lundén E, Cousins I, Christensen J, Grimalt JO, Halsall C, Kallenborn R, Abass K, Lammel G, Munthe J, MacLeod M, Odland JØ, Pawlak J, Rautio A, Reiersen LO, Schlabach M, Stemmler I, Wilson S, Wöhrnschimmel H. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as sentinels for the elucidation of Arctic environmental change processes: a comprehensive review combined with ArcRisk project results. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:22499-22528. [PMID: 29956262 PMCID: PMC6096556 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can be used as chemical sentinels for the assessment of anthropogenic influences on Arctic environmental change. We present an overview of studies on PCBs in the Arctic and combine these with the findings from ArcRisk-a major European Union-funded project aimed at examining the effects of climate change on the transport of contaminants to and their behaviour of in the Arctic-to provide a case study on the behaviour and impact of PCBs over time in the Arctic. PCBs in the Arctic have shown declining trends in the environment over the last few decades. Atmospheric long-range transport from secondary and primary sources is the major input of PCBs to the Arctic region. Modelling of the atmospheric PCB composition and behaviour showed some increases in environmental concentrations in a warmer Arctic, but the general decline in PCB levels is still the most prominent feature. 'Within-Arctic' processing of PCBs will be affected by climate change-related processes such as changing wet deposition. These in turn will influence biological exposure and uptake of PCBs. The pan-Arctic rivers draining large Arctic/sub-Arctic catchments provide a significant source of PCBs to the Arctic Ocean, although changes in hydrology/sediment transport combined with a changing marine environment remain areas of uncertainty with regard to PCB fate. Indirect effects of climate change on human exposure, such as a changing diet will influence and possibly reduce PCB exposure for indigenous peoples. Body burdens of PCBs have declined since the 1980s and are predicted to decline further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Knut Breivik
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027, Kjeller, Norway
| | | | - Ian Cousins
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University, 11418, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Christensen
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Joan O Grimalt
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 0834, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Crispin Halsall
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Roland Kallenborn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Sciences (KBM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Christian Magnus Falsen Veg 1, 1432, Ås, Norway
- Department of Arctic Technology (AT), University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), 9171, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway
| | - Khaled Abass
- Department of Pesticides, Menoufia University, P.O. Box 32511, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt
- Arctic Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Gerhard Lammel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - John Munthe
- IVL Swedish Environment Research Institute, 411 33, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Matthew MacLeod
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University, 11418, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon Øyvind Odland
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Janet Pawlak
- Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), AMAP Secretariat, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arja Rautio
- Arctic Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lars-Otto Reiersen
- Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), AMAP Secretariat, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Schlabach
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Irene Stemmler
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Wilson
- Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), AMAP Secretariat, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Henry Wöhrnschimmel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Office for the Environment, Worblentalstrasse 68, 3063, Ittigen, Switzerland
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152
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Peng X, Zheng K, Liu J, Fan Y, Tang C, Xiong S. Body size-dependent bioaccumulation, tissue distribution, and trophic and maternal transfer of phenolic endocrine-disrupting contaminants in a freshwater ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:1811-1823. [PMID: 29663490 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Parabens, bisphenol A (BPA), triclosan, and triclocarban are recognized endocrine-disrupting contaminants (EDCs); and their occurrence in the environment has attracted increasing concern. Body size-dependent bioaccumulation, tissue distribution, trophic magnification, and maternal transfer of methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, and butylparabens; 2-phenylphenol (PHP); BPA; triclosan; and triclocarban were investigated in freshwater fish of the Pearl River catchment, China. Most of the EDCs were detected in more than half of the biota samples, ranging from not detected to 6750 ng g-1 lipid weight, with median concentrations of 5 to 72 ng g-1 lipid weight. Livers generally contained the highest EDC levels (1609 ± 1860 ng g-1 lipid wt, mean ± standard deviation), followed in decreasing order by eggs (842 ± 1317 ng g-1 lipid wt), belly fats (488 ± 465 ng g-1 lipid wt), and dorsal muscles (240 ± 239 ng g-1 lipid wt) of the wildlife. Body size-dependent bioaccumulation of the EDCs was observed in the freshwater fish, which varied according to species, tissue, and compound. The concentrations of triclosan, PHP, and BPA usually showed decreasing trends, whereas parabens mostly demonstrated increasing tendency with increasing fish weights, indicating effects of growth dilution and bioaccumulation, respectively. Potential biomagnification was shown by triclosan with trophic magnification factors of 3.0, 4.3, and 4.0 in liver, belly fat, and dorsal muscle, respectively. In addition, the potential of maternal transfer in the fish was primarily revealed for methyl- and propylparabens, PHP, triclosan, and BPA. Presence of the EDCs in the freshwater organisms of the Pearl River catchment warrants more attention considering the potential of trophic magnification and maternal transfer. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1811-1823. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Utilization and Protection of Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caiming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songsong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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153
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Zhou S, Pan Y, Zhang L, Xue B, Zhang A, Jin M. Biomagnification and enantiomeric profiles of organochlorine pesticides in food web components from Zhoushan Fishing Ground, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 131:602-610. [PMID: 29886987 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Trophodynamics and chiral signatures of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and chlordanes in a food web from Zhoushan Fishing Ground, China, were studied. Residues of OCPs in all teleost fishes were within food safety levels. Strong positive correlations were found between trophic levels (TLs) and wet weight concentrations of target chemicals, with trophic magnification factors (TMFs) from 4.17 to 9.77. Lipid contents and TLs significantly correlated, which indirectly affect the bioaccumulation processes of OCPs. The consistently racemic EF values of α-HCH, as well as invariability of the relative proportions of HCH isomers in different marine species implied that HCHs in animals originate directly from the surrounding environment. However, in vivo biotransformation and/or elimination of o,p'-DDT cannot be precluded. TMFs of the individual enantiomers further suggest that the influence of achiral biotransformation is too minor to induce enantioselective biomagnification of chiral OCPs through the studied food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yongqiang Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, The Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Anping Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Meiqing Jin
- College of Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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154
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Zhang Y, Lu Y, Wang P, Shi Y. Biomagnification of Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in a coastal ecosystem near a large producer in China: Human exposure implication through food web transfer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:1213-1220. [PMID: 29929234 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a widely used brominated flame retardant which is mainly produced in China. Many HBCD facilities are located at the coast and the released HBCD may enter into the coastal ecosystem. There is a risk that HBCD can transfer through the food web to the diet of local population. Therefore, the coastal organisms near one of the biggest HBCD facilities in China were investigated. Variation was observed for the bioaccumulation of HBCD between the detrital food chain and the grazing food chain. In the studied species, the mullet was most contaminated which may be caused by its feeding on detritus. At the same time, the transfer of HBCD along the food web was investigated, and HBCD was biomagnified from the prey to the predator in the grazing food chains. Among the three diastereoisomers, α-HBCD was biomagnified with increasing trophic levels in the food web while β- and γ-HBCD were not. To assess the human dietary exposure, the dietary intake of HBCD from seafood was estimated, and the estimated daily intake (EDI) was 5.22ng/kg/day for adults, and 16.39ng/kg/day for children. The EDI for local residents were tens of times higher than that for general population in China, but the risk through dietary intake was very low in terms of existing reference dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yonglong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Pei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yajuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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155
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Zheng G, Wan Y, Shi S, Zhao H, Gao S, Zhang S, An L, Zhang Z. Trophodynamics of Emerging Brominated Flame Retardants in the Aquatic Food Web of Lake Taihu: Relationship with Organism Metabolism across Trophic Levels. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:4632-4640. [PMID: 29608280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing use and discharge of novel brominated flame retardants, little information is available about their trophodynamics in the aquatic food web, and their subsequent relationships to compound metabolism. In this study, concentrations of 2,4,6-tribromophenyl allyl ether (ATE), 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane (TBECH), tetrabromo- o-chlorotoluene (TBCT), pentabromobenzyl acrylate (PBBA), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromo-phthalate (TBPH), and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) were measured in 17 species, including plankton, invertebrates, and fish from Lake Taihu, South China. Trophodynamics of the compounds were assessed, and metabolic rates were measured in the liver microsomes of crucian (trophic level [TL]: 2.93), catfish (TL: 3.86), and yellow-head catfish (TL: 4.3). Significantly positive relationships were found between trophic levels and lipid-normalized concentrations of ATE, BTBPE, and TBPH; their trophic magnification factors (TMFs) were 2.85, 2.83, and 2.42, respectively. Consistently, the three chemicals were resistant to metabolism in all fish microsomes. No significant relationship was observed for βTBECH ( p = 0.116), and DBDPE underwent trophic dilution in the food web (TMFs = 0.37, p = 0.021). Moreover, these two chemicals showed steady metabolism with incubation time in all fish microsomes. TBCT and PBBA exhibited significant trophic magnifications in the food web (TMF = 4.56, 2.01). Though different metabolic rates were observed for the two compounds among the tested fish species, TBCT and PBBA both showed metabolic resistance in high-trophic-level fish. These results indicated that metabolism of organisms at high trophic levels plays an important role in the assessment of trophic magnification potentials of these flame retardant chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomao Zheng
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Sainan Shi
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Haoqi Zhao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Shixiong Gao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Lihui An
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research , Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing 100012 , China
| | - Zhaobin Zhang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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156
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Ko FC, Pan WL, Cheng JO, Chen TH, Kuo FW, Kao SJ, Chang CW, Ho HC, Wang WH, Fang LS. Persistent organic pollutants in Antarctic notothenioid fish and invertebrates associated with trophic levels. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194147. [PMID: 29641526 PMCID: PMC5894976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Notothenioid fish and invertebrate samples from Antarctica were collected in the austral summer of 2009, and analyzed for persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), as well as δ13C and δ15N stable isotopes for trophic level determination. In this study, the POP levels in the Antarctic biota samples were found to be ranked in the following order: OCPs > PAHs >> PBDEs. The POP levels in notothenioid fish and krill correlate to trophic levels; however, the POP concentrations in intertidal benthic invertebrates are higher than in notothenioid fish implying that specific biogeochemical factors may affect bioaccumulation in the Antarctica ecosystem. Biomagnification of POPs may have a smaller role than bioconcentration in Antarctica environment. In addition to the source, transport, exposure, and absorption for each group of POPs in the short food chain in Antarctica, the biological variation among species, interaction habitats, diet and metabolism are also factors for future studies on contaminant bioaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fung-Chi Ko
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Wei-Ling Pan
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-O Cheng
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hao Chen
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Wen Kuo
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ji Kao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, China
| | - Chih-Wei Chang
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ching Ho
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsien Wang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Sing Fang
- Departmentof Leisure and Sport Management, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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157
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Park HG, Kim JI, Chang KH, Lee BC, Eom IC, Kim P, Nam DH, Yeo MK. Trophic transfer of citrate, PVP coated silver nanomaterials, and silver ions in a paddy microcosm. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 235:435-445. [PMID: 29310087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We used replicated paddy microcosm systems to estimate the tropic transfer of citrate-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNP citrate), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated AgNP (AgNP PVP), and silver ions (AgNO3) for 14 days under two exposure regimes (a single high-dose exposure; 60 μg L-1 and a sequential low-dose exposure at 1 h, 4 days and 9 days; 20 μg L-1 × 3 = 60 μg L-1). Most Ag ions from AgNO3 had dispersed in the water and precipitated partly on the sediment, whereas the two Ag NPs rapidly coagulated and precipitated on the sediment. The bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of Ag from AgNPs and AgNO3 in Chinese muddy loaches and biofilms were higher than those of river snails in both exposure conditions. These BCFs were more prominent for 14 days exposure (7.30 for Chinese muddy loach; 4.48 for biofilm) in the low-dose group than in the single high-dose group. Their retention of AgNPs and Ag ions differed between the two exposure conditions, and uptake and elimination kinetics of Ag significantly differed between AgNP citrate and AgNP PVP in the sequential low-dose exposure. Stable isotopes analyses indicated that the trophic levels between Chinese muddy loaches and biofilms and between river snails and biofilms were 2.37 and 2.27, respectively. The biomagnification factors (BMFs) of AgNPs and AgNO3 between Chinese muddy loaches and biofilms were significantly higher than those between river snails and biofilms under both exposure settings. The BMFs of AgNP citrate and AgNO3 between Chinese muddy loaches and biofilms were greater than those of AgNP PVP for 14 days in the single high-dose group, whereas the BMFs of AgNP PVP were greater than those of AgNP citrate and AgNO3 in the sequential low-dose group. These microcosm data suggest that AgNPs have the potential to impact on ecological receptors and food chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Geun Park
- Department of Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheunggu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung In Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheunggu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Chang
- Department of Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheunggu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Cheun Lee
- Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Hwangyeong-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon, 404-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Ig-Chun Eom
- Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Hwangyeong-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon, 404-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilje Kim
- Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Hwangyeong-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon, 404-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ha Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro Bukgu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Kyeong Yeo
- Department of Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheunggu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
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158
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du Preez M, Nel R, Bouwman H. First report of metallic elements in loggerhead and leatherback turtle eggs from the Indian Ocean. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 197:716-728. [PMID: 29407836 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bio-monitoring of pollutants in long-lived animals such as sea turtles is an important tool in ecotoxicology. We present the first report on metallic elements in sea turtle eggs from the Indian Ocean. Eggs of the leatherback and loggerhead turtle that breed on the Indian Ocean coast of South Africa were analysed for 30 elements. The eggshells and egg contents of the loggerhead turtle, the smaller of the two species, had higher or significantly higher concentrations than leatherbacks, except for strontium - the reason is unknown. Elemental concentrations in eggshells and contents were the same or lower compared with other studies. The differences in concentrations in the egg contents and eggshells between the two species are likely due to different trophic levels, migration patterns, life histories, age, and growth, as well as differences in pollution sources and the uptake, retention and elimination characteristics of the different elements by the different species. We found no congruence between patterns in eggshells and corresponding egg contents, for both species. However, eggshells and egg contents showed congruence between species. The lack of congruence between eggshells and contents within each species precludes using eggshell concentrations as a proxy for egg content concentrations. Copper, strontium, and selenium occurred at concentrations higher than available toxic reverence values. Further research is warranted, including the analyses of POPs, as well as possible deme discrimination based on compositional pattern differences. Turtles serve as 'active samplers' returning to the same location to breed-something that is not practical with marine mammals or elasmobranchs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M du Preez
- Research Unit: Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - R Nel
- Department of Zoology and Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - H Bouwman
- Research Unit: Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
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159
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Cui L, Wang S, Gao L, Huang H, Xia D, Qiao L, Liu W. Concentrations and trophic magnification of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) in marine fish from the Bohai coastal area, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:876-884. [PMID: 29248855 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) have been found widely in the aquatic environment and can be transferred through food chains, which can magnify or dilute their toxic effects on humans. In this study, PCNs were analyzed in samples of 17 species of fish with different dietary habits collected in the Bohai coastal area in China. Dichloronaphthalenes, which have rarely been quantified in previous studies, were determined. The total PCN concentrations were from 7.3 to 214 pg/g wet weight, and the highest concentration was found in ditrema. The trichloronaphthalenes were the most abundant PCNs, followed by the dichloronaphthalenes and pentachloronaphthalenes. The relatively high contributions of the less-chlorinated homologs to the total PCN concentrations indicated that the main PCN sources around the Bohai were industrial thermal process emissions rather than technical PCN formulations. The trophic magnification factors of the PCN homologs were from 3.1 to 9.9, indicating that PCNs were biomagnified by fish. The trophic magnification factor of dichloronaphthalene and trichloronaphthalenes was 5.8 and 6.4, respectively, indicating for the first time that dichloronaphthalene and trichloronaphthalenes can undergo trophic magnification by fish. The two highest trophic magnification factors were for the pentachloronaphthalenes and hexachloronaphthalenes, probably because these PCNs having fewer vicinal carbon atoms without chlorine atoms attached are less easily biotransformed than the other homologs. The dioxin-like toxicities of the PCNs in the samples, expressed as potential toxic equivalences (TEQs), were assessed. The highest total TEQ was 0.0090 pg/g ww, in Pacific herring, and the hexachloronaphthalenes were the dominant contributors to the total TEQs in the fish samples. The PCN TEQs were much lower than the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl TEQs found in fish from the Bohai in previous studies, and made marginal contributions to overall human exposure to dioxin-like TEQs, suggesting that PCNs pose no toxicological concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Lirong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Huiting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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160
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Arıkan K, Arıkan ZY, Turan SL. Persistent Organochlorine Contaminant Residues in Tissues of Hedgehogs from Turkey. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 100:361-368. [PMID: 29333580 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The residues of persistent organochlorinated pollutants (POPs), namely polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) (HCHs, CHLs, HCCPs, DDTs, and dicofol congeners) were investigated in the hair and muscle of road-killed Erinaceus roumanicus and E. concolor in Turkey. Mean residue levels were as follows: in hair, PCBs = 7.43 ± 4.88 ng/g and OCPs = 9.21 ± 1.27 ng/g; in muscle, PCBs = 30.73 ± 2.51 ng/g and OCPs = 145.04 ± 16.59 ng/g. There was no significant difference between species and sex, while there was significant difference between habitats and regions in terms of either total PCB and OCP levels, or POP levels (p < 0.05). Age was a determinative factor for the bio-accumulation of POPs. The contaminant levels were high in the species, sample areas, and habitats. The data also showed that tissues of hedgehogs are suitable for monitoring and evaluating the bioaccumulation of POP levels in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalender Arıkan
- Pesticide Research and References Laboratory, Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education, Hacettepe University, Beytepe Campus, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Yaşar Arıkan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Tandoğan Campus, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salih Levent Turan
- Pesticide Research and References Laboratory, Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education, Hacettepe University, Beytepe Campus, Ankara, Turkey
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161
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Zhou Y, Yin G, Du X, Xu M, Qiu Y, Ahlqvist P, Chen Q, Zhao J. Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) in a freshwater food web from Dianshan Lake: Occurrence level, congener pattern and trophic transfer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 615:1010-1018. [PMID: 29751405 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are new group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) listed in the Stockholm Convention. The Yangtze River Delta is among the industrially most developed areas in China, supporting a large production and consumption of chlorinated paraffins (CPs). Despite this, there is very limited data on the environmental exposure of SCCPs from the region. This study analyzed SCCPs in 14 wild aquatic organisms from Dianshan Lake, Shanghai, China. The concentrations of total SCCPs ranged from 10 to 1300μgg-1 lipid weight, with significantly higher levels (p<0.05) in benthic (benthic fish and invertebrates) than in non-benthic species (pelagic and mesopelagic fish). The abundance of C10 congeners was much higher in the benthic species compared to in the non-benthic species. The calculated trophic magnification factors (TMFs) of SCCP congeners varied from 1.19 (C10H12Cl10) to 1.57 (C13H20Cl8). The TMFs were significantly correlated (p<0.01) with carbon-chain length in a positive linear relationship and with Log Kow in a parabolic curve relationship. Considering the high concentrations of SCCPs in wild aquatic organisms and the trophic magnification observed in the freshwater food web, further studies should be undertaken to assess the environmental fate of SCCPs and the public health risk in the Yangtze River Delta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Ge Yin
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xinyu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Maoying Xu
- Tongji Zhejiang College, Jiaxing 314051, China
| | - Yanling Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Patrik Ahlqvist
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qiaofeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianfu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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162
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Dromard CR, Bouchon-Navaro Y, Cordonnier S, Guéné M, Harmelin-Vivien M, Bouchon C. Different transfer pathways of an organochlorine pesticide across marine tropical food webs assessed with stable isotope analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191335. [PMID: 29390017 PMCID: PMC5794063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlordecone is a persistent organochlorine pesticide used in the banana fields of the French West Indies from 1972 to 1993. Three marine habitats (mangroves, seagrass beds and coral reefs) of two study sites located downstream contaminated rivers were chosen to evaluate the level of contamination of marine food webs. On each habitat, the food chain collected included suspended organic matter, primary producers (macroalgae, algal turf, seagrass), zooplankton, symbiotic organisms (corals, sea anemones), primary consumers (herbivores, suspension feeders, biofilm feeders), omnivores and detritivores (lobsters, fish), secondary consumers (carnivores 1: invertebrate feeders, planktivores) and tertiary consumers (carnivores 2: invertebrate and fish feeders, piscivores). Log-linear regressions of the concentrations of chlordecone versus nitrogen isotopic ratios (δ15N) were used to assess the bioaccumulation of chlordecone along trophic food webs. At each site, bioconcentration and bioamplification take part on the transfer of chlordecone in marine organisms. In mangroves (i.e. close to the source of pollution), lower trophic magnification factors (TMF) indicated that bioconcentration prevailed over bioamplification phenomenon. The opposite phenomenon appeared on coral reefs in which bioconcentration processes were less important and bioamplification pathway became dominant. Far from the source of pollution, molecules of chlordecone seemed to be transfered to organisms mostly via trophic interactions rather than water contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte R. Dromard
- UMR BOREA, CNRS 7208 –MNHN–UPMC–UCBN–IRD 207 –UA, Laboratoire d’Excellence « CORAIL », Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
- * E-mail:
| | - Yolande Bouchon-Navaro
- UMR BOREA, CNRS 7208 –MNHN–UPMC–UCBN–IRD 207 –UA, Laboratoire d’Excellence « CORAIL », Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - Sébastien Cordonnier
- UMR BOREA, CNRS 7208 –MNHN–UPMC–UCBN–IRD 207 –UA, Laboratoire d’Excellence « CORAIL », Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - Mathilde Guéné
- UMR BOREA, CNRS 7208 –MNHN–UPMC–UCBN–IRD 207 –UA, Laboratoire d’Excellence « CORAIL », Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - Mireille Harmelin-Vivien
- CNRS/IRD UM 110, Institut Méditerranéen d’Océanologie (MIO), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Claude Bouchon
- UMR BOREA, CNRS 7208 –MNHN–UPMC–UCBN–IRD 207 –UA, Laboratoire d’Excellence « CORAIL », Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
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163
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Biton-Porsmoguer S, Bǎnaru D, Boudouresque CF, Dekeyser I, Bouchoucha M, Marco-Miralles F, Lebreton B, Guillou G, Harmelin-Vivien M. Mercury in blue shark (Prionace glauca) and shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) from north-eastern Atlantic: Implication for fishery management. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 127:131-138. [PMID: 29475644 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pelagic sharks (blue shark Prionace glauca and shortfin mako Isurus oxyrinchus) caught by long-line Spanish and Portuguese fleets in the NE Atlantic, were sampled at Vigo fish market (Spain) for total mercury (Hg) analysis. Hg concentration in white muscle increased with size and weight in both species, but at a higher rate in shortfin mako than in the blue shark. No difference was found with sex, year and season. Spatial variation was observed in the blue shark with higher Hg values in the North of the Azorean archipelago, but not in the shortfin mako. These high-level predators are particularly susceptible to bioaccumulate contaminants (Hg) in their tissues (muscle). However, a significant positive relationship between Hg concentration and trophic level (δ15N) of individuals was observed only in the shortfin mako. Most sharks landed were juveniles which presented Hg concentration lower than the maximum limit allowed by the European Union (1mgkg-1 wet weight) for marketing. However, concentrations above this threshold were most recorded in blue sharks larger than 250cm total length (TL) and in shortfin makos larger than 190cm TL, raising the question of the commercialization of large-sized individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Biton-Porsmoguer
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS/INSU, Toulon University, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Daniela Bǎnaru
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS/INSU, Toulon University, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France.
| | - Charles F Boudouresque
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS/INSU, Toulon University, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Ivan Dekeyser
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS/INSU, Toulon University, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Marc Bouchoucha
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer), Z.P. Brégaillon, CS 20203, 83507 La Seyne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Françoise Marco-Miralles
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer), Z.P. Brégaillon, CS 20203, 83507 La Seyne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Benoît Lebreton
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Gaël Guillou
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Mireille Harmelin-Vivien
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS/INSU, Toulon University, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
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164
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Galbán-Malagón CJ, Hernán G, Abad E, Dachs J. Persistent organic pollutants in krill from the Bellingshausen, South Scotia, and Weddell Seas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 610-611:1487-1495. [PMID: 28898957 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) reach Antarctica through atmospheric transport, oceanic currents, and to minor extent, by migratory animals. The Southern Ocean is a net sink for many POPs, with a key contribution of the settling fluxes of POPs bound to organic matter (biological pump). However, little is known about POP transfer through the food web in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic waters, where krill is an important ecological node. In this study, we assessed the occurrence of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) from the Bellingshausen, South Scotia and Weddell Seas around the Antarctic Peninsula. The concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PBDEs and PCBs in krill showed a large variability and the average were higher (generally within a factor 3) than those previously reported for eastern Antarctica. This result highlights regional differences related to atmospheric transport and deposition, and also probable regional sources due to human activities. Bioaccumulation and biomagnification factors for PCBs in krill were estimated using previously reported phytoplankton and seawater concentrations for this region. These suggested a near water-krill equilibrium for PCBs, which was not observed for water-phytoplankton partitioning. The estimated removal settling fluxes of PCBs due to the biological pump were several orders of magnitude higher than the estimated fluxes of PCBs transferred from phytoplankton to krill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal J Galbán-Malagón
- Departmento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Fundación MERI, Av. Kennedy 5682, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Gema Hernán
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Ecology and Marine Resources, Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies (IMEDEA-CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Esteban Abad
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Dachs
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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165
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Braune BM, Jacobs SR, Gaston AJ. Variation in organochlorine and mercury levels in first and replacement eggs of a single-egg clutch breeder, the thick-billed murre, at a breeding colony in the Canadian Arctic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 610-611:462-468. [PMID: 28818661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Contaminant concentrations may vary among sequentially-laid eggs in multi-egg clutches, and this variation has implications for the interpretation of contaminant concentrations in monitoring programs. The thick-billed murre (Uria lomvia) is a key species for monitoring contaminants in the Canadian Arctic and lays only a single egg per year. Therefore, the potential issue of intra-clutch variation in contaminant concentrations is avoided. However, if the egg is removed or lost early in the incubation stage, the adult female murre will relay. In this study, we examined contaminant concentrations and patterns in first-laid and replacement eggs of thick-billed murres breeding in northern Hudson Bay in order to determine whether or not these eggs could be sampled interchangeably. Concentrations of the major legacy organochlorines (e.g. PCBs, DDT, chlordanes) were generally higher, and total mercury concentrations lower, in the replacement eggs compared with the first-laid eggs. The organochlorine profile was comprised primarily of ΣDDT and Σ70PCB, and Σ70PCB was comprised primarily of hexa-hepta PCBs in both first-laid and replacement eggs. As both concentrations and organochlorine patterns showed differences between first-laid and replacement eggs, we recommend that randomly selected first-laid eggs of thick-billed murres be consistently sampled for contaminant monitoring in the Canadian Arctic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit M Braune
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Raven Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada.
| | - Shoshanah R Jacobs
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Anthony J Gaston
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Raven Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada
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166
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Fan S, Wang B, Liu H, Gao S, Li T, Wang S, Liu Y, Liu X, Wan Y. Trophodynamics of Organic Pollutants in Pelagic and Benthic Food Webs of Lake Dianchi: Importance of Ingested Sediment As Uptake Route. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:14135-14143. [PMID: 29161512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Habitat is of great importance in determining the trophic transfer of pollutants in freshwater ecosystems; however, the major factors influencing chemical trophodynamics in pelagic and benthic food webs remain unclear. This study investigated the levels of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and substituted PAHs (s-PAHs) in 2 plankton species, 6 invertebrate species, and 10 fish species collected from Lake Dianchi in southern China. Relatively high concentrations of PAHs and s-PAHs were detected with total concentrations of 11.4-1400 ng/g wet weight (ww) and 5.3-115 ng/g ww, respectively. Stable isotope analysis and stomach content analysis were applied to quantitatively determine the trophic level of individual organisms and discriminate between pelagic and benthic pathways, and the trophodynamics of the detected compounds in the two food webs were assessed. P,p'-DDE was found to exhibit relatively higher trophic magnification rate in the pelagic food web than in the benthic food web. In contrast, PAHs and s-PAHs exhibited greater dilution rates along the trophic levels in the pelagic food web. The lower species differences of pollutants accumulated in benthic organisms compared to pelagic organisms is attributable to extra uptake via ingested sediment in benthos. The average uptake proportions of PAHs and s-PAHs via ingested sediment in benthic biotas were estimated to be 31-77%, and that of p,p'-DDE was 46%. The uptake routes are of importance for assessing the trophic magnification potentials of organic pollutants, especially in eutrophic freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senrong Fan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Beili Wang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shixiong Gao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tong Li
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xueqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
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167
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Craig Barber M, Isaacs KK, Tebes-Stevens C. Developing and applying metamodels of high resolution process-based simulations for high throughput exposure assessment of organic chemicals in riverine ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 605-606:471-481. [PMID: 28672236 PMCID: PMC6093200 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As defined by Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamodeling), "(a) metamodel or surrogate model is a model of a model, and metamodeling is the process of generating such metamodels." The goals of metamodeling include, but are not limited to (1) developing functional or statistical relationships between a model's input and output variables for model analysis, interpretation, or information consumption by users' clients; (2) quantifying a model's sensitivity to alternative or uncertain forcing functions, initial conditions, or parameters; and (3) characterizing the model's response or state space. Using five models developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency, we generate a metamodeling database of the expected environmental and biological concentrations of 644 organic chemicals released into nine US rivers from wastewater treatment works (WTWs) assuming multiple loading rates and sizes of populations serviced. The chemicals of interest have log n-octanol/water partition coefficients (logKOW) ranging from 3 to 14, and the rivers of concern have mean annual discharges ranging from 1.09 to 3240m3/s. Log-linear regression models are derived to predict mean annual dissolved and total water concentrations and total sediment concentrations of chemicals of concern based on their logKOW, Henry's Law Constant, and WTW loading rate and on the mean annual discharges of the receiving rivers. Metamodels are also derived to predict mean annual chemical concentrations in fish, invertebrates, and periphyton. We corroborate a subset of these metamodels using field studies focused on brominated flame retardants and discuss their application for high throughput screening of exposures to human and ecological populations and for analysis and interpretation of field data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Craig Barber
- US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Systems Exposure Division, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605-2700, USA.
| | - Kristin K Isaacs
- US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Computational Exposure Division, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Caroline Tebes-Stevens
- US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Systems Exposure Division, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605-2700, USA.
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168
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Babut M, Labadie P, Simonnet-Laprade C, Munoz G, Roger MC, Ferrari BJD, Budzinski H, Sivade E. Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl compounds in freshwater fish from the Rhône River: Influence of fish size, diet, prey contamination and biotransformation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 605-606:38-47. [PMID: 28654807 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pools of aquatic plants and benthic invertebrates were collected along with 47 individuals from three cyprinid fish species (Barbus barbus, Gobio gobio, Rutilus rutilus) at a site in the Rhône River (France). Carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios (δ13C and δ15N) and a wide range of per- and poly-fluorinated chemicals (PFASs) were analysed in all samples. The sum of PFAS concentrations (ΣPFAS) increased from aquatic plants to fish dorsal muscles; molecular profiles were dominated by C9-C13 perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs), while perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) were detected in all samples at lower concentrations. ΣPFAS and especially ΣPFCAs were higher in barbels (B. barbus) than in other species, while roaches (R. rutilus) were less contaminated by PFOS than barbels and gudgeons (G. gobio). Gudgeons accumulated significantly higher FOSA concentrations. Young (small) barbels displayed significantly higher PFOS, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) concentrations than did large specimens; conversely, perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA) concentrations were significantly higher in large barbels. Multiple linear regressions were performed on the whole set of fish samples with size, mass and isotopic ratios as explicative variables, and several single compounds as explained variables. Regardless of the compound, the regressions did not explain much of the contamination variability. However, adding species as a qualitative variable, i.e. performing analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) improved the fit greatly, while adding sex did not. Diet (i.e. δ13C and δ15N) was the main factor explaining interspecific differences. Biotransformation was assessed by comparing concentration ratios of PFOS or FOSA to their precursors in the food-web compartments. These ratios increased from invertebrates to fish, and differed among fish species, suggesting that biotransformation occurred but was species-specific. Biomagnification factor calculations showed that C11-C13 PFCAs, PFOS and FOSA were apparently biomagnified in barbels and gudgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Babut
- Irstea, UR MALY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, 69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Pierre Labadie
- Université de Bordeaux, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), UMR 5805 CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'environnement (LPTC), 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France; CNRS, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), UMR 5805 CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'environnement (LPTC), 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Caroline Simonnet-Laprade
- Université de Bordeaux, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), UMR 5805 CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'environnement (LPTC), 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Gabriel Munoz
- Université de Bordeaux, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), UMR 5805 CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'environnement (LPTC), 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Marie-Claude Roger
- Irstea, UR MALY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, 69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Benoit J D Ferrari
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Eawag/EPFL, EPFL ENAC IIE-GE, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- Université de Bordeaux, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), UMR 5805 CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'environnement (LPTC), 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France; CNRS, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), UMR 5805 CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'environnement (LPTC), 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Eve Sivade
- Rhone-Mediterranean and Corsica Water Agency, 2-4 allée de Lodz, 69363 Lyon, France
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169
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Wang Q, Chen M, Shan G, Chen P, Cui S, Yi S, Zhu L. Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of emerging bisphenol analogues in aquatic organisms from Taihu Lake, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 598:814-820. [PMID: 28458198 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to regulations on bisphenol A (BPA) in many countries, a variety of bisphenol analogues are being widely manufactured and applied. However, there is a big knowledge gap on bioaccumulation and biomagnification of these emerging bisphenols in aquatic organisms. The bioaccumulation and magnification of nine bisphenol analogues in aquatic organisms at different trophic levels collected from Taihu Lake, China, were evaluated. The total concentrations of the nine bisphenols in the lake waters were in the range of 49.7-3480ng/L (mean, 389ng/L). BPA, bisphenol AF (BPAF) and bisphenol S (BPS) were the most predominant analogues in the water. The mean natural logarithm bioaccumulation factor (log BAFs) of BPAF, bisphenol C (BPC), bisphenol Z (BPZ) and bisphenol E (BPE) were greater than BPA, and there was a significantly positive correlation between log BAFs of the biphenols and their octanol-water partition coefficients (log Kow). The trophic magnification factors of BPAF, BPC and BPZ were 2.52, 2.69 and 1.71, respectively, suggesting that they had the potential to biomagnify in the food web. The results of this study call for further investigations on risk assessment of these emerging pollutants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Guoqiang Shan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shuo Cui
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shujun Yi
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China.
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170
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Varol M, Sünbül MR. Organochlorine pesticide, antibiotic and heavy metal residues in mussel, crayfish and fish species from a reservoir on the Euphrates River, Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:311-319. [PMID: 28667912 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the residues of 19 organochlorine pesticides, 37 antibiotics and 5 heavy metals in biota samples (one mussel species, one crayfish species, six wild fish species and one farmed fish species) from the Keban Dam Reservoir on the Euphrates River, Turkey. Among monitored OCPs, only p,p'-DDE was detected in biota samples. It was found only in mussel, fish muscle and fish gill samples. The highest concentration of p,p'-DDE (0.032 mg/kg ww) was determined in the gill of common carp, which was found to be below the maximum residue limit (MRL). Only sulfadimethoxine was detected among antibiotics in biota samples. Its maximum concentration (0.0044 mg/kg ww) did not exceed the MRL of 0.1 mg/kg. Sulfadimethoxine was found only in muscle and gill of common carp collected from site S6, where there are many rainbow trout cage farms. However, no detectable residue of sulfadimethoxine was found in farmed rainbow trout. The highest concentrations of As, Cd and Pb were detected in mussels, while the highest concentrations Cu and Zn were determined in crayfish. Metal concentrations in biota samples did not exceed the maximum permissible levels. According to these results, the consumption of biota samples from the Keban Dam Reservoir is safe for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Memet Varol
- Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Basic Aquatic Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
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171
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Signa G, Mazzola A, Tramati CD, Vizzini S. Diet and habitat use influence Hg and Cd transfer to fish and consequent biomagnification in a highly contaminated area: Augusta Bay (Mediterranean Sea). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:394-404. [PMID: 28675849 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Total mercury (T-Hg) and cadmium (Cd) were measured in twenty species of fish to study their bioaccumulation patterns and trophodynamics in the Augusta Bay food web. Adult and juvenile fish were caught in 2012 in Priolo Bay, south of the Augusta harbour (Central Mediterranean Sea), which is known for the high trace element and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination level. T-Hg concentration was found to significantly increase along δ15N and from pelagic to benthic sedentary fish, revealing a marked influence of trophic position and habitat use (sensu Harmelin 1987) on T-Hg accumulation within ichthyofauna. Cd showed the opposite pattern, in line with the higher trace element (TE) excretion rates of high trophic level fish and the lower level of Cd environmental contamination. Trophic pathways were first characterised in the Priolo Bay food web using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) and a single main trophic pathway characterised the Priolo Bay food web. Biomagnification was then assessed, including basal sources (surface sediment, macroalgae), zooplankton, benthic invertebrates and fish. T-Hg and Cd were found to biomagnify and biodilute respectively based on the significant linear regressions between log[T-Hg] and log[Cd] vs. δ15N of sources and consumers and the trophic magnification factors (TMFs) of 1.22 and 0.83 respectively. Interestingly, different Cd behaviour was found considering only the benthic pathway which leads to the predatory gastropod Hexaplex trunculus. The positive slope and the higher TMF indicated active biomagnification in this benthic food web due to the high bioaccumulation efficiency of this benthic predator. Our findings provide new evidences about the role of Priolo sediments as a sources of pollutants for the food web, representing a threat to fish and, by domino effect, to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldina Signa
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, Roma, Italy.
| | - Antonio Mazzola
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, Roma, Italy
| | - Cecilia Doriana Tramati
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, Roma, Italy
| | - Salvatrice Vizzini
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, Roma, Italy
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172
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Chouvelon T, Brach-Papa C, Auger D, Bodin N, Bruzac S, Crochet S, Degroote M, Hollanda SJ, Hubert C, Knoery J, Munschy C, Puech A, Rozuel E, Thomas B, West W, Bourjea J, Nikolic N. Chemical contaminants (trace metals, persistent organic pollutants) in albacore tuna from western Indian and south-eastern Atlantic Oceans: Trophic influence and potential as tracers of populations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 596-597:481-495. [PMID: 28458223 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) is a highly commercial fish species harvested in the world's Oceans. Identifying the potential links between populations is one of the key tools that can improve the current management across fisheries areas. In addition to characterising populations' contamination state, chemical compounds can help refine foraging areas, individual flows and populations' structure, especially when combined with other intrinsic biogeochemical (trophic) markers such as carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes. This study investigated the bioaccumulation of seven selected trace metals - chromium, nickel, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and lead - in the muscle of 443 albacore tunas, collected over two seasons and/or years in the western Indian Ocean (WIO: Reunion Island and Seychelles) and in the south-eastern Atlantic Ocean (SEAO: South Africa). The main factor that explained metal concentration variability was the geographic origin of fish, rather than the size and the sex of individuals, or the season/year of sampling. The elements Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg indicated a segregation of the geographic groups most clearly. For similar sized-individuals, tunas from SEAO had significantly higher concentrations in Cu, Zn and Cd, but lower Hg concentrations than those from WIO. Information inferred from the analysis of trophic markers (δ13C, δ15N) and selected persistent organic pollutants, as well as information on stomach contents, corroborated the geographical differences obtained by trace metals. It also highlighted the influence of trophic ecology on metal bioaccumulation. Finally, this study evidenced the potential of metals and chemical contaminants in general as tracers, by segregating groups of individuals using different food webs or habitats, to better understand spatial connectivity at the population scale. Limited flows of individuals between the SEAO and the WIO are suggested. Albacore as predatory fish also provided some information on environmental and food web chemical contamination in the different study areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Chouvelon
- IFREMER, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie (BE), Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques (LBCM), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France.
| | - Christophe Brach-Papa
- IFREMER, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie (BE), Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques (LBCM), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France; IFREMER, Unité Littoral, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Provence-Azur-Corse (LER-PAC), Zone portuaire de Brégaillon, BP 330, 83507 La Seyne sur Mer Cedex, France
| | - Dominique Auger
- IFREMER, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie (BE), Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques (LBCM), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Nathalie Bodin
- IRD, UMR MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Fishing Port, Victoria, Seychelles
| | - Sandrine Bruzac
- IFREMER, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie (BE), Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques (LBCM), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Sylvette Crochet
- IFREMER, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie (BE), Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques (LBCM), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Maxime Degroote
- IRD, UMR MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Fishing Port, Victoria, Seychelles
| | | | - Clarisse Hubert
- IFREMER, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie (BE), Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques (LBCM), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Joël Knoery
- IFREMER, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie (BE), Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques (LBCM), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Catherine Munschy
- IFREMER, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie (BE), Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Organiques (LBCO), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Alexis Puech
- IFREMER, Délégation Océan Indien (DOI), Rue Jean Bertho, BP 60, 97822 Le Port Cedex, La Réunion, France
| | - Emmanuelle Rozuel
- IFREMER, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie (BE), Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques (LBCM), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Bastien Thomas
- IFREMER, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie (BE), Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques (LBCM), Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Wendy West
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Private Bag X2, Roggebaai 8012, South Africa
| | - Jérôme Bourjea
- IFREMER, UMR MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Avenue Jean Monnet, BP 171, 34203 Sète Cedex, France
| | - Natacha Nikolic
- IFREMER, Délégation Océan Indien (DOI), Rue Jean Bertho, BP 60, 97822 Le Port Cedex, La Réunion, France; Agence de Recherche pour la Biodiversité à La REunion (ARBRE), 97460 Saint-Paul, La Réunion, France
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173
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Pedro S, Fisk AT, Tomy GT, Ferguson SH, Hussey NE, Kessel ST, McKinney MA. Mercury and persistent organic pollutants in native and invading forage species of the Canadian Arctic: Consequences for food web dynamics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 229:229-240. [PMID: 28599207 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Contaminant dynamics within Arctic marine food webs may be altered through the climate-driven northward invasions of temperate/boreal species. Here, we compare tissue concentrations of total mercury (THg) and legacy and emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in native versus invading forage species sampled from 2012 to 2014 near Arviat, Clyde River, and Resolute Bay, NU, representing, low, mid- and high eastern Canadian Arctic regions, respectively. Concentrations of THg, legacy Σ-polychlorinated biphenyls (ΣPCB) and Σ-organochlorine (ΣOC) pesticides were detected in all forage species, whereas emerging halogenated flame retardants were detected in only a few individuals. Concentrations of major contaminant groups among regions did not vary for Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida), while for sculpin (Cottoidea) there was no clear latitudinal trend. Thus, considering interspecific variation, native sculpin and northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) had the highest overall concentrations of THg (0.17 ± 0.02 and 0.21 ± 0.01 μg g-1 wet weight, respectively), ΣPCB (322 ± 35 and 245 ± 25 ng g-1 lipid weight (lw), respectively), and ΣOC (413 ± 38 and 734 ± 64 ng g-1 lw, respectively). Comparing the keystone native species, Arctic cod, to its 'replacement' species, capelin (Mallotus villosus) and sandlance (Ammodytes spp.), THg concentrations were higher in Arctic cod compared to capelin (p < 0.001), which was partly explained by differences in fish length. Conversely, capelin and sandlance had higher concentrations of most POPs than Arctic cod (p < 0.02). Neither feeding habitat (based on δ13C), trophic position (based on δ15N), nor fish length significantly explained these differences in POPs between Arctic cod, capelin and sandlance. Higher POPs concentrations, as well as variation in congener/compound patterns, in capelin and sandlance relative to Arctic cod seem, therefore, more likely related to a more "temperate"-type contaminant signature in the invaders. Nevertheless, the relatively small (up to two-fold) magnitude of these differences suggested limited effects of these ecological changes on contaminant uptake by Arctic piscivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pedro
- Wildlife and Fisheries Conservation Center, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Aaron T Fisk
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Gregg T Tomy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Steven H Ferguson
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Central and Arctic Region, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada
| | - Nigel E Hussey
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Steven T Kessel
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Melissa A McKinney
- Wildlife and Fisheries Conservation Center, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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174
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Huang H, Gao L, Xia D, Qiao L. Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of short and medium chain polychlorinated paraffins in different species of fish from Liaodong Bay, North China. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10749. [PMID: 28883426 PMCID: PMC5589728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are highly complex technical mixtures, and the short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are classed as persistent and have been included in the Stockholm Convention. However, there have been few studies of SCCPs and medium chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) and their bioaccumulation and biomagnification in different species of fish. The present study investigated the levels, congener group profiles, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification of SCCPs and MCCPs in different species of fish from Liaodong Bay, North China. The ranges for the ΣSCCP and ΣMCCP concentrations were 376.3-8596 ng/g lipid weight (lw) and 22.37-5097 ng/g lw, respectively. The logarithms of bioaccumulation factors of ΣSCCPs ranged from 4.69 to 6.05, implying that SCCPs bioaccumulated in the fish. The trophic magnification factor of ΣSCCPs was 2.57, indicating that SCCPs could biomagnify in fish. Carbon chain length, the numbers of chlorine atoms, and octanol/water partition coefficients of the SCCPs and MCCPs might be important factors affecting the bioaccumulation of these chemicals in fish. The risk posed to human health by consumption of fish containing SCCPs was low. New SCCPs with nine carbons (C9) were detected in fish in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lirong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Dan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
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175
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Zeng L, Lam JCW, Chen H, Du B, Leung KMY, Lam PKS. Tracking Dietary Sources of Short- and Medium-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins in Marine Mammals through a Subtropical Marine Food Web. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:9543-9552. [PMID: 28783326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study revealed an elevated accumulation of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) in marine mammals from Hong Kong waters in the South China Sea. To examine the bioaccumulation potential and biomagnification in these apex predators, we sampled the dietary items of marine mammals and tracked the sources of SCCPs and MCCPs through a marine food web in this region. Sixteen fish species, seven crustacean species, and four mollusk species were collected, and the main prey species were identified for two species of marine mammals. Concentrations of ∑SCCPs and ∑MCCPs in these collected species suggested a moderate pollution level in Hong Kong waters compared to the global range. Lipid content was found to mediate congener-specific bioaccumulation in these marine species. Significantly positive correlations were observed between trophic levels and concentrations of ∑SCCPs or ∑MCCPs (p < 0.05). Trophic magnification factors for ∑SCCPs and ∑MCCPs were 4.29 and 4.79, indicating that both of them have trophic magnification potentials. Elevated biomagnification of SCCPs and MCCPs from prey species to marine mammals was observed. This is the first report of dietary source tracking of SCCPs and MCCPs in marine mammals. The elevated biomagnification between prey and marine mammals raises environmental concerns about these contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixi Zeng
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - James C W Lam
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bibai Du
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kenneth M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul K S Lam
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR, China
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176
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Zhang H, Teng Y, Doan TTT, Yat YW, Chan SH, Kelly BC. Stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes in sediments and biota from three tropical marine food webs: Application to chemical bioaccumulation assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:2521-2532. [PMID: 28300282 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies of trophodynamics and contaminant bioaccumulation in tropical marine ecosystems are limited. The present study employed stable isotope and trace contaminant analysis to assess sources of primary productivity, trophic interactions, and chemical bioaccumulation behavior in 2 mangrove food webs and 1 offshore coastal marine food web in Singapore. Samples of sediment, phytoplankton, mangrove leaves, clams, snails, crabs, worms, prawns, and fishes were analyzed for stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values, as well as concentrations of persistent organic pollutants. In the mangrove food webs, consumers exhibited similar δ13 C values, probably because of the well-mixed nature of these systems. However, the 2 primary consumers (common nerite and rodong snail) exhibited distinct δ13 C values (-21.6‰ vs -17.7‰), indicating different carbon sources. Fish from Singapore Strait exhibited similar δ13 C values, indicating common carbon sources in this offshore marine food web. The highest trophic level was found in glass perchlet (trophic level = 3.3) and tilapia (trophic level = 3.4) in the 2 mangrove food webs and grunter (trophic level = 3.7) in the Singapore Strait food web. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB 153) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) concentrations ranged from 0.9 to 84.6 ng/g lipid weight and from <0.2 to 267.4 ng/g lipid weight, respectively. The trophic magnification factors of PCB 153 and p,p'-DDE ranged between 1.63 and 4.62, indicating biomagnification in these tropical marine food webs. The findings provide important information that will aid future chemical bioaccumulation assessment initiatives. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2521-2532. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yun Teng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tra Thi Thanh Doan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yun Wei Yat
- Singapore Health Sciences Authority (HSA), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheot Harn Chan
- Singapore Health Sciences Authority (HSA), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barry C Kelly
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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177
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Kim HM, Youn CH, Ko HJ, Lee SH, Lee YM. The Relationship between the Blood Level of Persistent Organic Pollutants and Common Gastrointestinal Symptoms. Korean J Fam Med 2017; 38:233-238. [PMID: 28775815 PMCID: PMC5541173 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2017.38.4.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are toxic materials that cannot be broken down naturally and that easily accumulate in the body. Although several studies have attempted to uncover the effects of POPs on the endocrine and nervous systems and on cancer, few focus on the relationship between low-dose POPs and public health. Here, we attempt to determine the relationship between the level of POPs and common gastrointestinal symptoms, including abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, and constipation. Methods We recruited 121 subjects who visited Kyungpook National University Medical Center for health screening. Plasma concentrations were evaluated for 40 kinds of POPs including 17 types of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 23 types of organochlorine pesticides (OCP). Furthermore, the Korean version of the Rome III criteria was used to identify gastrointestinal symptoms. Results Based on our results, abdominal discomfort showed an inverse relationship with several PCBs and an inverted U-shaped relationship with several other OCPs including pp-DDD and pp-DDT. The effects of pp-DDD and pp-DDT on abdominal discomfort were similar to those of OCPs on obesity and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion Our results suggest that mild and unspecified gastrointestinal symptoms with no clear causes could be related to POP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Min Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chang-Ho Youn
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hae Jin Ko
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seon-Hwa Lee
- Graduate School of Public Health, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yu-Mi Lee
- Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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178
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Li H, Fu J, Pan W, Wang P, Li Y, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Zhang A, Liang Y, Jiang G. Environmental behaviour of short-chain chlorinated paraffins in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems of Ny-Ålesund and London Island, Svalbard, in the Arctic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 590-591:163-170. [PMID: 28259436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The environmental behaviour of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) was investigated in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in the Arctic. The mean concentrations of SCCPs in the aquatic and terrestrial samples were 178.9ng/g dry weight (dw) and 157.2ng/g dw, respectively. Short carbon chain (C10) and less-chlorinated (Cl6) congener groups were predominant in the Arctic samples, accounting for 48.6% and 34.8% of the total SCCPs, respectively. The enrichment of lighter SCCP congener groups (i.e., fewer chlorine atoms with shorter carbon chain lengths) indicated that the fractionation process occurred during long-range transport. The biomagnification factor (BMF) was 0.46 from gammarid to cod, which indicated that the SCCPs did not biomagnify between these two species. The soil-vegetation bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of SCCPs was 29.9, and C13 and Cl7, 8 congener groups tended to accumulate in the terrestrial vegetation. Regression analysis (BAFs=10.9×#C+5.6×#Cl-125.2, R=0.53, P<0.01) showed that the number of carbon and chlorine atoms influenced the bioaccumulative behaviour of SCCPs and suggested that the number of carbon atoms had a greater influence on the BAFs of SCCPs in the terrestrial ecosystem than did the number of chlorine atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianjie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Wenxiao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Pu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yingming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Aiqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Yong Liang
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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179
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Ballesteros ML, Hued AC, Gonzalez M, Miglioranza KSB, Bistoni MA. Evaluation of the Health Status of the Silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis) at a RAMSAR Site in South America. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 99:62-68. [PMID: 28299406 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the health status of an economic and ecologically important fish species from Mar Chiquita Lake, a RAMSAR site located in Cordoba, Argentina, relative to the levels of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in lake water and fish tissues. Odontesthes bonariensis was used as a model species, and its health was estimated by means of histological indices in gills and liver. Sampling was performed according to rainy and dry seasons (i.e. dry, rainy and post-rainy). Gill and liver histopathology were evaluated by semi-quantitative indices and morphometric analysis. Although epithelial lifting in gills and lipid degeneration in liver were frequently registered, they are considered as reversible if environmental conditions improve. During rainy and post-rainy seasons fish presented significantly higher scores of liver and total indices. These higher index scores were correlated with increased levels of POPs in gill and liver tissue. Therefore, preventive measures are needed to mitigate the entry of these compounds into the lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Ballesteros
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (CONICET-UNC) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, Córdoba,, X5000JJC, Argentina
| | - A C Hued
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (CONICET-UNC) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, Córdoba,, X5000JJC, Argentina
| | - M Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental Funes 3350, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), UNMdP, CONICET, Mar del Plata, B7602AYL, Argentina
| | - K S B Miglioranza
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental Funes 3350, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), UNMdP, CONICET, Mar del Plata, B7602AYL, Argentina
| | - M A Bistoni
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (CONICET-UNC) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, Córdoba,, X5000JJC, Argentina.
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180
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Corsolini S, Sarà G. The trophic transfer of persistent pollutants (HCB, DDTs, PCBs) within polar marine food webs. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 177:189-199. [PMID: 28288427 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biomagnification (increase in contaminant concentrations at successively higher levels of trophic web), is a process that can transversally impair biodiversity and human health. Most research shows that biomagnification should be higher at poles with northern sites having a major tendency to biomagnify Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) through their marine food webs. We investigated the biomagnification degree into two marine trophic webs combining carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and POP analyses. We showed that the Antarctic trophic web was more depleted than the sub-Arctic one and the differences highlighted for the basal part could explain the difference in length between them. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and p,p'-DDE were of the same order of magnitude in the two polar trophic webs, with some values surprisingly higher in the Antarctic than sub-arctic organisms: PCBs ranged (average ± standard deviation) 1.10 ± 0.39-12.93 ± 7.62, HCB <0.10-7.28 ± 5.32, and p,p'-DDE 0.52 ± 0.18-11.36 ± 5.3 ng/g wet weight (wt) in the Antarctic organisms, and 0.53-5.08, <0.10-1.48, and 0.27 ± 0.35-5.46 ± 1.73 ng/g wet wt, respectively, in the sub-Arctic ones. The contribution of tetra- and penta-CBs to the ∑PCBs was 10-65% in the Antarctic species and 15-45% in the Arctic species. The relationships between POPs and trophic levels, and the information obtained by the Trophic Magnification Factor revealed that the Antarctic trophic web had a greater tendency to biomagnify PCBs and p,p'-DDE than its sub-Arctic counterpart. POP availability in the environment and specific ecological features may play an important role in the bioaccumulation, and biomagnification is apparently less important than bioconcentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Corsolini
- Department of Physics, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli 4, I-53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Sarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
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181
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Carr MK, Jardine TD, Doig LE, Jones PD, Bharadwaj L, Tendler B, Chételat J, Cott P, Lindenschmidt KE. Stable sulfur isotopes identify habitat-specific foraging and mercury exposure in a highly mobile fish community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:338-346. [PMID: 28190573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tracking the uptake and transfer of toxic chemicals, such as mercury (Hg), in aquatic systems is challenging when many top predators are highly mobile and may therefore be exposed to chemicals in areas other than their location of capture, confounding interpretation of bioaccumulation trends. Here we show how the application of a less commonly used ecological tracer, stable sulfur isotope ratios (34S/32S, or δ34S), in a large river-delta-lake complex in northern Canada allows differentiation of resident from migrant fishes, beyond what was possible with more conventional 13C/12C and 15N/14N measurements. Though all large fishes (n=105) were captured in the river, the majority (76%) had δ34S values that were indicative of the fish having been reared in the lake. These migrant fishes were connected to a food chain with greater Hg trophic magnification relative to the resident fish of the river and delta. Yet, despite a shallower overall trophic magnification slope, large river-resident fish had higher Hg concentrations owing to a greater biomagnification of Hg between small and large fishes. These findings reveal how S isotopes can trace fish feeding habitats in large freshwater systems and better account for fish movement in complex landscapes with differential exposure pathways and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan K Carr
- University of Saskatchewan, School of Environment and Sustainability, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada; University of Saskatchewan, Global Institute for Water Security, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada.
| | - Timothy D Jardine
- University of Saskatchewan, School of Environment and Sustainability, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada; University of Saskatchewan, Global Institute for Water Security, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada; University of Saskatchewan, Toxicology Centre, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada
| | - Lorne E Doig
- University of Saskatchewan, Global Institute for Water Security, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada; University of Saskatchewan, Toxicology Centre, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada
| | - Paul D Jones
- University of Saskatchewan, School of Environment and Sustainability, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada; University of Saskatchewan, Global Institute for Water Security, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada; University of Saskatchewan, Toxicology Centre, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada
| | - Lalita Bharadwaj
- University of Saskatchewan, Global Institute for Water Security, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada; University of Saskatchewan, Toxicology Centre, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada; University of Saskatchewan, School of Public Health, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada
| | - Brett Tendler
- University of Saskatchewan, Toxicology Centre, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada
| | - John Chételat
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, ON K1A0H3, Canada
| | - Pete Cott
- University of Alberta, Department of Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Karl-Erich Lindenschmidt
- University of Saskatchewan, School of Environment and Sustainability, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada; University of Saskatchewan, Global Institute for Water Security, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B3, Canada
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182
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Liu Y, Ruan T, Lin Y, Liu A, Yu M, Liu R, Meng M, Wang Y, Liu J, Jiang G. Chlorinated Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Sulfonic Acids in Marine Organisms from Bohai Sea, China: Occurrence, Temporal Variations, and Trophic Transfer Behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:4407-4414. [PMID: 28316237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
F-53B, the commercial product of chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs), has been used in Chinese chrome plating industry for 30 years, and was recently identified in the environment, which caused great concerns. So far, limited investigations have been performed on their environmental occurrence, fate and impact. In this study, we demonstrated the wide occurrence of Cl-PFESAs and their trophic transfer behavior in marine organisms from Chinese Bohai Sea. 6:2 Cl-PFESA (<0.016-0.575 ng/g wet weight) was the dominant congener, and 8:2 Cl-PFESA (<0.022-0.040 ng/g) was occasionally detected. Compared to other perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) of concern, the levels of Cl-PFESAs were relatively lower in marine organisms. Based on the comparative analysis of Cl-PFESA contamination in mollusk samples collected in 2010-2014, both the concentrations and detection frequencies of Cl-PFESAs tended to increase in this region. And this kind of chemicals were more vulnerable to be accumulated in marine organisms at relatively higher trophic levels. Similar to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and the long chain perfluorinated carboxylates (PFCAs), 6:2 Cl-PFESA could be magnified along the food chain. Accordingly, the potential threat might be posed to the wildlife and human beings due to unintended exposure to Cl-PFESAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Aifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Runzeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
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183
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Na G, Yao Y, Gao H, Li R, Ge L, Titaley IA, Santiago-Delgado L, Massey Simonich SL. Trophic magnification of Dechlorane Plus in the marine food webs of Fildes Peninsula in Antarctica. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 117:456-461. [PMID: 28214009 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The food web composition, assimilation efficiency of Dechlorane Plus (DP) in food web components, and even extrinsic conditions can affect the trophic biomagnification potentials of DP isomers in food webs. Antarctica ecological system is characterized by the presence of few consumers and simple trophic levels (TLs), which are crucial in discussing the behavior of contaminants. To assess the biomagnification potential of DP in the Antarctic food web, nine representative species were sampled and analyzed from the Fildes Peninsula. Results showed the DP concentrations ranged from 0.25ngg-1 to 6.81ngg-1 lipid weight in Antarctic biota and the concentrations of anti-DP and syn-DP showed significantly positive correlations with TLs (p<0.05, ra=0.85; rs=0.81, respectively), suggesting that syn-DP and anti-DP underwent biomagnification and the biomagnification ability of anti-DP was higher than that of syn-DP. The anti-DP fraction (anti-DP/∑DP) (ƒanti=0.23-0.53) of the organisms was lower than that of commercial products (ƒanti=0.68), demonstrating ƒanti was changed during long-range atmospheric transport or stereoselection enrichment through the food web. Furthermore, based on food web magnification factors (FWMF) comparison between DP and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the biomagnification potential of DP was found to be similar to that of highly chlorinated PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshui Na
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
| | - Yao Yao
- Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hui Gao
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Ruijing Li
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Linke Ge
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Ivan A Titaley
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | | | - Staci L Massey Simonich
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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184
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Xie Z, Lu G, Yan Z, Liu J, Wang P, Wang Y. Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of pharmaceuticals in food webs from a large freshwater lake. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 222:356-366. [PMID: 28034558 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are increasingly detected in environmental matrices, but information on their trophic transfer in aquatic food webs is insufficient. This study investigated the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of 23 pharmaceuticals in Taihu Lake, China. Pharmaceutical concentrations were analyzed in surface water, sediments and 14 aquatic species, including plankton, invertebrates and fish collected from the lake. The median concentrations of the detected pharmaceuticals ranged from not detected (ND) to 49 ng/L in water, ND to 49 ng/g dry weight (dw) in sediments, and from ND to 130 ng/g dw in biota. Higher concentrations of pharmaceuticals were found in zoobenthos relative to plankton, shrimp and fish muscle. In fish tissues, the observed pharmaceutical contents in the liver and brain were generally higher than those in the gills and muscle. Both bioaccumulation factors (median BAFs: 19-2008 L/kg) and biota-sediment accumulation factors (median BSAFs: 0.0010-0.037) indicated a low bioaccumulation potential for the target pharmaceuticals. For eight of the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in food webs, the trophic magnification factors (TMFs) were analyzed from two different regions of Taihu Lake. The TMFs for roxithromycin, propranolol, diclofenac, ibuprofen, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline in the two food webs ranged from 0.28 to 1.25, suggesting that none of these pharmaceuticals experienced trophic magnification. In addition, the pharmaceutical TMFs did not differ significantly between the two regions in Taihu Lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jianchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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185
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Powell DE, Suganuma N, Kobayashi K, Nakamura T, Ninomiya K, Matsumura K, Omura N, Ushioka S. Trophic dilution of cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes (cVMS) in the pelagic marine food web of Tokyo Bay, Japan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 578:366-382. [PMID: 27839765 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes (cVMS), specifically octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6), were evaluated in the pelagic marine food web of Tokyo Bay, Japan. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners that are "legacy" chemicals known to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms and biomagnify across aquatic food webs were used as a benchmark chemical (CB-180) to calibrate the sampled food web and as a reference chemical (CB-153) to validate the results. Trophic magnification factors (TMFs) were calculated from slopes of ordinary least-squares (OLS) regression models and slopes of bootstrap regression models, which were used as robust alternatives to the OLS models. Various regression models were developed that incorporated benchmarking to control bias associated with experimental design, food web dynamics, and trophic level structure. There was no evidence from any of the regression models to suggest biomagnification of cVMS in Tokyo Bay. Rather, the regression models indicated that trophic dilution of cVMS, not trophic magnification, occurred across the sampled food web. Comparison of results for Tokyo Bay to results from other studies indicated that bioaccumulation of cVMS was not related to type of food web (pelagic vs demersal), environment (marine vs freshwater), species composition, or location. Rather, results suggested that differences between study areas was likely related to food web dynamics and variable conditions of exposure resulting from non-uniform patterns of organism movement across spatial concentration gradients.
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186
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Stancheva M, Georgieva S, Makedonski L. Polychlorinated biphenyls in fish from Black Sea, Bulgaria. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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187
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Qiu YW, Zeng EY, Qiu H, Yu K, Cai S. Bioconcentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and organochlorine pesticides in algae is an important contaminant route to higher trophic levels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 579:1885-1893. [PMID: 27939082 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) present in water may be bioconcentrated in phytoplankton and further transferred into higher trophic levels. In the present study, seawater, sediment, phytoplankton and macroalgae (Ulva lactuca L.) samples were collected from two estuarine bays in South China and analyzed for 24 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and 22 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). The concentrations of PBDE congeners except BDE-209 were low in both phytoplankton and Ulva. BDE-209 was the predominant congener in phytoplankton and Ulva, accounting for 89.5% and 86.6% of the total average concentrations of PBDEs (48.5 and 4.1ngg-1dw), respectively. The average concentrations of DDTs, HCHs and 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p'-DDMU) in phytoplankton were 398, 241 and 11.3ngg-1dw, respectively, while those of DDTs and HCHs in Ulva were 8.4 and 33.1ngg-1dw. The levels of both PBDEs and OCPs were an order of magnitude higher in phytoplankton than in Ulva, indicating that phytoplankton with larger surface areas have higher uptake efficiency for POPs than Ulva. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of DDT and PBDE in phytoplankton from the two bays were in the range of 105-106, suggesting that bioconcentration may be one of the key sources of POPs and algae can be an important route for POPs to move toward higher trophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hanlin Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Kefu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Shuqun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
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188
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Xue X, Xue J, Liu W, Adams DH, Kannan K. Trophic Magnification of Parabens and Their Metabolites in a Subtropical Marine Food Web. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:780-789. [PMID: 27959523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of parabens in a range of consumer products, little is known about bioaccumulation of these chemicals in aquatic environments. In this study, six parabens and four of their common metabolites were measured in abiotic (water, sediment) and biotic (fish including sharks, invertebrates, plants) samples collected from a subtropical marine food web in coastal Florida. Methyl paraben (MeP) was found in all abiotic (100%) and a majority of biotic (87%) samples. 4-Hydroxy benzoic acid (4-HB) was the most abundant metabolite, found in 97% of biotic and all abiotic samples analyzed. The food chain accumulation of MeP and 4-HB was investigated for this food web. The trophic magnification factor (TMF) of MeP was estimated to be 1.83, which suggests considerable bioaccumulation and biomagnification of this compound in the marine food web. In contrast, a low TMF value was found for 4-HB (0.30), indicating that this compound is metabolized and excreted along the food web. This is the first study to document the widespread occurrence of parabens and their metabolites in fish, invertebrates, seagrasses, marine macroalgae, mangroves, seawater, and ocean sediments and to elucidate biomagnification potential of MeP in a marine food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Xue
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany , Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509, United States
- Environmental Engineering Institute, Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University , 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, 116026 Liaoning, China
| | - Jingchuan Xue
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany , Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509, United States
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany , Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 100085 Beijing, China
| | - Douglas H Adams
- Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish & Wildlife Research Institute , 1220 Prospect Avenue #285, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany , Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509, United States
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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189
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Mariussen E, Heier LS, Teien HC, Pettersen MN, Holth TF, Salbu B, Rosseland BO. Accumulation of lead (Pb) in brown trout (Salmo trutta) from a lake downstream a former shooting range. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 135:327-336. [PMID: 27770648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
An environmental survey was performed in Lake Kyrtjønn, a small lake within an abandoned shooting range in the south of Norway. In Lake Kyrtjønn the total water concentrations of Pb (14µg/L), Cu (6.1µg/L) and Sb (1.3µg/L) were elevated compared to the nearby reference Lake Stitjønn, where the total concentrations of Pb, Cu and Sb were 0.76, 1.8 and 0.12µg/L, respectively. Brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Lake Kyrtjønn had very high levels of Pb in bone (104mg/kg w.w.), kidney (161mg/kg w.w.) and the gills (137mg/kg d.w), and a strong inhibition of the ALA-D enzyme activity were observed in the blood (24% of control). Dry fertilized brown trout eggs were placed in the small outlet streams from Lake Kyrtjønn and the reference lake for 6 months, and the concentrations of Pb and Cu in eggs from the Lake Kyrtjønn stream were significantly higher than in eggs from the reference. More than 90% of Pb accumulated in the egg shell, whereas more than 80% of the Cu and Zn accumulated in the egg interior. Pb in the lake sediments was elevated in the upper 2-5cm layer (410-2700mg/kg d.w), and was predominantly associated with redox sensitive fractions (e.g., organic materials, hydroxides) indicating low potential mobility and bioavailability of the deposited Pb. Only minor amounts of Cu and Sb were deposited in the sediments. The present work showed that the adult brown trout, as well as fertilized eggs and alevins, may be subjected to increased stress due to chronic exposure to Pb, whereas exposure to Cu, Zn and Sb were of less importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espen Mariussen
- Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), Division for Societal Security, P.O. Box 25, NO-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
| | - Lene Sørlie Heier
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, P.O Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Norwegian Public Roads Administration, Region Øst, P.O Box 1010 Nordre Ål, 2605 Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Hans Christian Teien
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, P.O Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Marit Nandrup Pettersen
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, P.O Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Tor Fredrik Holth
- University of Oslo, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 1033, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Brit Salbu
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, P.O Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Bjørn Olav Rosseland
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
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190
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Tekin S, Pazi I. POP levels in blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) and edible fish from the eastern Mediterranean coast. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:509-518. [PMID: 27734310 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7661-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorinated pesticides and Aroclors were measured in the muscle of two edible fish species (gray mullet, sea bream) and blue crab, collected from eastern Mediterranean coast in 2013. The concentration of organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) and Aroclors in biota samples which were collected at six sites ranged from 1.0-8.6 and 9-47.5 ng g-1 wet weight, respectively. Total DDT concentrations in seafood samples were compared to tolerance level established by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA); the concentrations were detected below the tolerence level. Health risk assessment was conducted related to the consumption of chemically contaminated seafood. The estimated daily intake of OCPs calculated by using the estimated daily fish consumption in Turkey was far below the acceptable daily intake as established by FAO/WHO. Our data indicated that consumption of blue crab, gray mullet, and sea bream collected from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey could pose "no risk" for human health in terms of OCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Tekin
- Centre For Drug Research and Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications (ARGEFAR), Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Idil Pazi
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey.
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191
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Ren J, Wang X, Wang C, Gong P, Wang X, Yao T. Biomagnification of persistent organic pollutants along a high-altitude aquatic food chain in the Tibetan Plateau: Processes and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 220:636-643. [PMID: 27751636 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomagnification of some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has been found in marine and freshwater food chains; however, due to the relatively short food chains in high-altitude alpine lakes, whether trophic transfer would result in the biomagnification of POPs is not clear. The transfer of various POPs, including organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), along the aquatic food chain in Nam Co Lake (4700 m), in the central Tibetan Plateau, was studied. The POPs levels in the water, sediment and biota [plankton, invertebrates and fish (Gymnocypris namensis)] of Nam Co were generally low, with concentrations comparable to those reported for the remote Arctic. The composition profiles of POPs in the fish were different from that in the water, but similar to their food. DDEs, DDDs, PCB 138, 153 and 180 displayed significant positive correlations with trophic levels, with trophic magnification factors (TMFs) ranged between 1.5 and 4.2, implying these chemicals can undergo final biomagnification along food chain. A fugacity-based dynamic bioaccumulation model was applied to the fish with localized parameters, by which the simulated concentrations were comparable to the measured data. Modeling results showed that most compounds underwent net gill loss and net gut uptake; only when the net result of the combined gut and gill fluxes would be positive, bioaccumulation could eventually occur. The net accumulation flux increased with fish age, which was caused by the continuous increase of gut uptake by aged fish. Due to the oligotrophic condition, efficient food absorption is likely the key factor that influences the gut POPs uptake. Long residence times with half-lives up to two decades were found for the higher chlorinated PCBs in Gymnocypris namensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Chuanfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiruo Wang
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tandong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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192
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Rudolph I, Chiang G, Galbán-Malagón C, Mendoza R, Martinez M, Gonzalez C, Becerra J, Servos MR, Munkittrick KR, Barra R. Persistent organic pollutants and porphyrins biomarkers in penguin faeces from Kopaitic Island and Antarctic Peninsula. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 573:1390-1396. [PMID: 27450255 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels were determined in the faeces of three Antarctic Peninsula penguin species to assess viability as a non-invasive approach for sampling PCBs in Antarctic biota. These determinations were complemented with stable isotope and porphyrins assessments, and together this methodology determined the role of diet and metabolic disruption in penguins. Up to 60% of the collected faecal samples evidenced low molecular weight PCBs, of which, the more volatile compounds were predominant, in agreement with previous results. The highest PCB levels were reported in the gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua; 35.3ngg-1 wet weight average), followed by the chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica; 6.4ngg-1 wet weight average) and Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae; 12.9ngg-1 wet weight average). Stable isotope analyses (δ15N and δ13C) demonstrated that gentoo feeding and foraging habits differed from those of Adélie and chinstrap penguins. A strong positive correlation was found between PCB concentrations and δ15N, indicating the role of diet on the observed pollutant levels. Porphyrins metabolite levels were also directly correlated with PCB concentrations. These results suggest that PCB levels impair the health of Antarctic penguins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Rudolph
- Aquatic Systems Department, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and EULA-Chile Centre, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Gustavo Chiang
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, St. John, New Brunswick E2L 4L5, Canada; Fundación MERI, Santiago 7650720, Chile
| | - Cristóbal Galbán-Malagón
- Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Ecology and Natural Resources, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370371, Chile
| | - Rafael Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigación Pesquera, Dpto. de Estudios Ambientales, Talcahuano 4260000, Chile
| | - Miguel Martinez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Carlos Gonzalez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - José Becerra
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Mark R Servos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kelly R Munkittrick
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, St. John, New Brunswick E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - Ricardo Barra
- Aquatic Systems Department, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and EULA-Chile Centre, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile.
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193
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Zhou Y, Chen Q, Du X, Yin G, Qiu Y, Ye L, Zhu Z, Zhao J. Occurrence and trophic magnification of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their methoxylated derivatives in freshwater fish from Dianshan Lake, Shanghai, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 219:932-938. [PMID: 27707599 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) were analyzed in eleven freshwater fish species from Dianshan Lake, Shanghai, China. The highest concentrations of PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs were found in snakehead, with mean values of 38 ng g-1 lw and 4.2 ng g-1 lw, respectively. BDE-47 was the predominant congener of PBDEs, followed by BDE-154. Congener pattern variation of PBDEs was observed among different fish species, implying differences in biotransformation potential among fish. Yellow catfish showed highest concentrations of BDE-99, -153 and -183, suggesting that it is more resistant to debromination than any other fish analyzed in the present study. Trophic magnification factors were in the range of 1.35-1.81 for all the PBDE congeners, but not for 2'-MeO-BDE-68. Negative relationship was observed between PBDEs concentration and sample size (length and weight), indicating fish size dilution effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qiaofeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xinyu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ge Yin
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yanling Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Lu Ye
- Jiading District Environmental Monitoring Station, Shanghai 201822, China
| | - Zhiliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianfu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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194
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Falkowska L, Reindl AR, Grajewska A, Lewandowska AU. Organochlorine contaminants in the muscle, liver and brain of seabirds (Larus) from the coastal area of the Southern Baltic. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 133:63-72. [PMID: 27414257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The presence of persistent organic pollutants in the environment manifests itself most strongly in the marine trophic chain, where the highest link is comprised of seabirds. At the same time, seabirds are excellent indicators of contamination in their habitat. The present study concentrates on toxic substances: polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and chlorinated organic pesticides (OCPs) accumulated in the livers, pectoral muscles and brains of dead gulls collected along the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea in the years 2010-12. The highest toxic equivalence was determined in the livers of Larus argentatus (TEQ(birds TEF)-28.3pgg(-1) ww) and Larus marinus (TEQ(birds TEF)-29.9pgg(-1) ww.). However, the toxic equivalence of muscles was lower and amounted to 3.9pgg(-1) ww. and 7.8pgg(-1) ww. respectively for the two species. The lowest toxic equivalence was found in the brains of birds, where only one, the most toxic, 2,3,7,8 TCDD congener was found (TEQ(birds TEF) 0.87pgg(-1) ww). The highest concentration of chloroorganic pesticides was determined in the brains of the birds (total OCP 167.8pgg(-1) ww.), lower concentrations were found in the livers (total OCP 92.1pgg(-1) ww.) and muscles (total OCP 43.1pgg(-1) ww.). With regard to pesticides, the highest proportion in the total OCP content was constituted by DDT and its isomers (liver 81%, muscles 77% and brain 55%). High concentrations of the studied pollutants in the livers of gulls found dead on the coast of the Southern Baltic could have been effected by levels of contamination in the birds' last meals, which resulted in a seven-fold increase of the liver's toxic equivalence and a two-fold increase in OCP concentration in relation to muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Falkowska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Address: Al. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-387 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Andrzej R Reindl
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Address: Al. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-387 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Grajewska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Address: Al. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-387 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Anita U Lewandowska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Address: Al. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-387 Gdynia, Poland
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195
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Lagesson A, Fahlman J, Brodin T, Fick J, Jonsson M, Byström P, Klaminder J. Bioaccumulation of five pharmaceuticals at multiple trophic levels in an aquatic food web - Insights from a field experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 568:208-215. [PMID: 27295593 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals derived from manufacturing and human consumption contaminate surface waters worldwide. To what extent such pharmaceutical contamination accumulates and disperses over time in different compartments of aquatic food webs is not well known. In this study we assess to what extent five pharmaceuticals (diphenhydramine, oxazepam, trimethoprim, diclofenac, and hydroxyzine) are taken up by fish (European perch) and four aquatic invertebrate taxa (damselfly larvae, mayfly larvae, waterlouse, and ramshorn snail), by tracing their bioconcentrations over several months in a semi-natural large-scale (pond) system. The results suggest both significant differences among drugs in their capacity to bioaccumulate and differences among species in uptake. While no support for in situ uptake of diclofenac and trimethoprim was found, oxazepam, diphenhydramine, and hydroxyzine were detected in all analyzed species. Here, the highest bioaccumulation factor (tissue:water ratio) was found for hydroxyzine. In the food web, the highest concentrations were found in the benthic species ramshorn snail and waterlouse, indicating that bottom-living organism at lower trophic positions are the prime receivers of the pharmaceuticals. In general, concentrations in the biota decreased over time in response to decreasing water concentrations. However, two interesting exceptions to this trend were noted. First, mayfly larvae (primarily grazers) showed peak concentrations (a fourfold increase) of oxazepam, diphenhydramine, and hydroxyzine about 30days after initial addition of pharmaceuticals. Second, perch (top-predator) showed an increase in concentrations of oxazepam throughout the study period. Our results show that drugs can remain bioavailable for aquatic organism for long time periods (weeks to months) and even re-enter the food web at a later time. As such, for an understanding of accumulation and dispersion of pharmaceuticals in aquatic food webs, detailed ecological knowledge is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lagesson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - J Fahlman
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - T Brodin
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - J Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - M Jonsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - P Byström
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - J Klaminder
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
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196
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Colabuono FI, Vander Pol SS, Huncik KM, Taniguchi S, Petry MV, Kucklick JR, Montone RC. Persistent organic pollutants in blood samples of Southern Giant Petrels (Macronectes giganteus) from the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 216:38-45. [PMID: 27235927 PMCID: PMC6057619 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Seabirds play an important role as top consumers in the food web and can be used as biomonitors of exposure to pollutants. Contamination studies involving non-destructive sampling methods are of considerable importance, allowing better evaluation of the levels of pollutants and their toxic effects. In the present study, organohalogen contaminants were analyzed in 113 blood samples from Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) adults and chicks collected in the austral summer of 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 from colonies on Elephant and Livingston Islands, South Shetland, Antarctica. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB), mirex, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroetane and derivatives (DDTs) and chlordanes were detected in all birds, whereas polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were not detected in any blood samples. No significant differences were found in organochlorine levels between sampling events. Adults exhibited significantly higher levels than chicks, except for PeCB. PCBs, HCB, mirex and DDTs were statistically similar in males and females from Elephant Island. Females on Livingston Island exhibited higher HCB values than males, but no sex differences were found regarding other organochlorines. The similarity in organochlorine levels between sexes in birds with very marked sexual segregation in feeding habits during the breeding season may indicate that significant amounts of contaminants are acquired during migration to lower latitudes, when the diets of males and females are similar. Birds sampled on Livingston Island exhibited significantly lower levels of PCBs, HCB, DDTs, mirex and chlordanes in comparison to those on Elephant Island, which could be the result of distinct foraging patterns between the two colonies. Organochlorine levels were similar between years in birds captured in two consecutive breeding seasons. Blood samples from Southern Giant Petrels adults and chicks proved to be useful for the comparison of intraspecific contamination levels and appear to be adequate for the long-term assessment of organohalogen contaminants in antarctic top predators. Organochlorine contaminants in blood samples of Southern Giant Petrels reflected intra-specific differences and suggested distinct foraging patterns between colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda I Colabuono
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, São Paulo, SP, 05508-120, Brazil.
| | - Stacy S Vander Pol
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA
| | - Kevin M Huncik
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, São Paulo, SP, 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Maria V Petry
- Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Laboratório de Ornitologia e Animais Marinhos 950, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-000, Brazil
| | - John R Kucklick
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA
| | - Rosalinda C Montone
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, São Paulo, SP, 05508-120, Brazil
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Li H, Fu J, Zhang A, Zhang Q, Wang Y. Occurrence, bioaccumulation and long-range transport of short-chain chlorinated paraffins on the Fildes Peninsula at King George Island, Antarctica. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 94:408-414. [PMID: 27453093 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As a candidate persistent organic pollutant of the Stockholm Convention, short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) have recently received particular attention. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the concentrations of SCCPs in biota samples collected from the Fildes Peninsula at King George Island and Ardley Island, Antarctica. The concentrations of SCCPs ranged from 3.5 to 256.6ng/g (dry weight, dw), with a mean of 76.6±61.8ng/g dw, which was lower than those detected in mid- and low-latitude regions. The long-range transport behaviour of SCCPs was confirmed by both the detection of SCCPs in Antarctic remote areas and their special congener profiles. Short carbon chain (C10) congeners predominated in the Antarctic samples, which accounted for 56.1% of the total SCCP contamination. Such enrichment of C10 congeners indicated the high potential for the long-range transport of shorter chain congeners. In addition, SCCPs tended to be enriched in the species with high lipid contents. The biomagnification potential of SCCPs was found between Archeogastropoda (Agas) and Neogastropoda (Ngas), and the biomagnification factors of shorter chain congeners of SCCPs were higher than that of the longer chain ones. Considering that the endemic species in polar regions may be sensitive and vulnerable to the adverse effects of environmental contaminants, more attention should be paid on the bioaccumulation and toxicological risks of SCCPs in polar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jianjie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Aiqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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198
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Ek C, Gerdes Z, Garbaras A, Adolfsson-Erici M, Gorokhova E. Growth Retardation and Altered Isotope Composition As Delayed Effects of PCB Exposure in Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:8296-8304. [PMID: 27367056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Trophic magnification factor (TMF) analysis employs stable isotope signatures to derive biomagnification potential for environmental contaminants. This approach relies on species δ(15)N values aligning with their trophic position (TP). This, however, may not always be true, because toxic exposure can alter growth and isotope allocation patterns. Here, effects of PCB exposure (mixture of PCB18, PCB40, PCB128, and PCB209) on δ(15)N and δ(13)C as well as processes driving these effects were explored using the cladoceran Daphnia magna. A two-part experiment assessed effects of toxic exposure during and after exposure; juvenile daphnids were exposed during 3 days (accumulation phase) and then allowed to depurate for 4 days (depuration phase). No effects on survival, growth, carbon and nitrogen content, and stable isotope composition were observed after the accumulation phase, whereas significant changes were detected in adults after the depuration phase. In particular, a significantly lower nitrogen content and a growth inhibition were observed, with a concomitant increase in δ(15)N (+0.1 ‰) and decrease in δ(13)C (-0.1 ‰). Although of low magnitude, these changes followed the predicted direction indicating that sublethal effects of contaminant exposure can lead to overestimation of TP and hence underestimated TMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ek
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zandra Gerdes
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Center for Physical Science and Technology , Savanoriu 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Margaretha Adolfsson-Erici
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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199
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Costa RA, Torres J, Vingada JV, Eira C. Persistent organic pollutants and inorganic elements in the Balearic shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus wintering off Portugal. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 108:311-316. [PMID: 27113022 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the first data on trace element and organic pollutant concentrations in the Critically Endangered Balearic shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus collected in 2010 and 2011 in Portugal. Trace element levels were below the threshold levels for adverse effects on birds, despite the Hg concentrations in feathers (4.35μg·g-1ww). No significant differences were detected between individuals from 2010 and 2011 except for Se concentrations in liver, feathers and muscle (higher in 2010) and Ag in liver and muscle (higher in 2011). No significant differences were detected in total concentrations of organochlorine compounds in Balearic shearwaters between years, although PCB congeners -101 and -180 presented higher concentrations in individuals from 2010. The PCB congeners -138, -153 and -180, and 4.4-DDE were detected in all individuals. This study on toxic elements and organic pollutants in wintering Balearic shearwaters provides baseline data from which deviations can be detected in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Costa
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - J Torres
- Laboratori de Parasitologia, Departament de Biología, Sanitat i Medi Ambient. Universitat de Barcelona
| | - J V Vingada
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Sociedade Portuguesa de Vida Selvagem, Estação de Campo de Quiaios, Apartado 16 EC Quiaios, 3081-101 Figueira da Foz, Portugal
| | - C Eira
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Sociedade Portuguesa de Vida Selvagem, Estação de Campo de Quiaios, Apartado 16 EC Quiaios, 3081-101 Figueira da Foz, Portugal
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200
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Legrand E, Forget-Leray J, Duflot A, Olivier S, Thomé JP, Danger JM, Boulangé-Lecomte C. Transcriptome analysis of the copepod Eurytemora affinis upon exposure to endocrine disruptor pesticides: Focus on reproduction and development. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 176:64-75. [PMID: 27111276 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Copepods-which include freshwater and marine species-represent the most abundant group of aquatic invertebrates. Among them, the calanoid copepod Eurytemora affinis is widely represented in the northern hemisphere estuaries and has become a species of interest in ecotoxicology. Like other non-target organisms, E. affinis may be exposed to a wide range of chemicals such as endocrine disruptors (EDs). This study investigated the gene expression variation in E. affinis after exposure to ED pesticides-chosen as model EDs-in order to (i) improve the knowledge on their effects in crustaceans, and (ii) highlight relevant transcripts for further development of potential biomarkers of ED exposure/effect. The study focused on the reproduction function in response to ED. Copepods were exposed to sublethal concentrations of pyriproxyfen (PXF) and chlordecone (CLD) separately. After 48h, males and females (400 individuals each) were sorted for RNA extraction. Their transcriptome was pyrosequenced using the Illumina(®) technology. Contigs were blasted and functionally annotated using Blast2GO(®). The differential expression analysis between ED- and acetone-exposed organisms was performed according to sexes and contaminants. Half of the 19,721 contigs provided by pyrosequencing were annotated, mostly (80%) from arthropod sequences. Overall, 2,566 different genes were differentially expressed after ED exposures in comparison with controls. As many genes were differentially expressed after PXF exposure as after CLD exposure. In contrast, more genes were differentially expressed in males than in females after both exposures. Ninety-seven genes overlapped in all conditions. Finally, 31 transcripts involved in reproduction, growth and development, and changed in both chemical exposures were selected as potential candidates for future development of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléna Legrand
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Joëlle Forget-Leray
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Aurélie Duflot
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Stéphanie Olivier
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Thomé
- University of Liège, Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology (LEAE), Centre for Analytical Research and Technology (CART), 4000 SART-Tilman, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Michel Danger
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Céline Boulangé-Lecomte
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
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