151
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Feng HJ, Xu L, Liu B, Jiao H. Europium metal–organic frameworks as recyclable and selective turn-off fluorescent sensors for aniline detection. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:17392-17400. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03358j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Seven Eu(iii) compounds are ionothermally synthesized and well characterized, among which compounds 4 and 6 behave as highly selective turn-off fluorescent sensors for aniline detection with stable recycle repeatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- P. R. China
| | - Ling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- P. R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Sciences and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- P. R. China
| | - Huan Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- P. R. China
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152
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Yu D, Yu SJ. Effects of waxy rice starch and short chain amylose (SCA) on the formation of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in a model system. Food Funct 2016; 7:1339-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01495f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A possible mechanism of waxy rice starch and SCA for inhibiting PhIP formation in the model system is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yu
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Shu-Juan Yu
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety
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153
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Anand M, Sunoj RB, Schaefer HF. Palladium–Silver Cooperativity in an Aryl Amination Reaction through C–H Functionalization. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b02639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megha Anand
- Center
for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center
for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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154
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Roemer E, Meisgen T, Diekmann J, Conroy L, Stabbert R. Heterocyclic aromatic amines and their contribution to the bacterial mutagenicity of the particulate phase of cigarette smoke. Toxicol Lett 2015; 243:40-7. [PMID: 26724587 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) rank among the strongest known mutagens. Approximately 30 HAAs have been found in cooked foods (broiled, fried, and grilled) and several HAAs have been characterized as animal carcinogens. Nine HAAs have also been reported to be constituents of cigarette smoke (CS) raising concerns that HAAs might contribute significantly to the known carcinogenicity of CS. As HAAs are found predominantly in the total particulate matter (TPM) of CS, an improved method for the quantification of HAAs in TPM is reported allowing detection and quantification of 8 HAAs in a single run. The mutagenic potency of these HAAs and that of TPM from the reference cigarette 2R4F was determined in the Salmonella Reverse Mutation Assay (Ames assay) with tester strain TA98 and a metabolic activation system. The 8 HAAs, when applied together in the Ames assay, showed a clear sub-additive response. Likewise, the combination of HAAs and TPM, if at all, gave rise to a slight sub-additive response. In both cases, however, the sub-additive response in the Ames assay was observed at HAA doses that are far above the amounts found in CS. The contribution of the individual HAAs to the total mutagenic activity of TPM was calculated and experimentally confirmed to be approximately 1% of the total mutagenic activity. Thus, HAAs do not contribute significantly to the bacterial in vitro mutagenicity of CS TPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewald Roemer
- Philip Morris Products S.A., Philip Morris International R&D, Rue des Usines 90, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Meisgen
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Research Laboratories GmbH, Fuggerstr. 3, 51149 Cologne, Germany
| | - Joerg Diekmann
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Research Laboratories GmbH, Fuggerstr. 3, 51149 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lynda Conroy
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Research Laboratories GmbH, Fuggerstr. 3, 51149 Cologne, Germany
| | - Regina Stabbert
- Philip Morris Products S.A., Philip Morris International R&D, Rue des Usines 90, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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155
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Abstract
Meat is a food rich in protein, minerals such as iron and zinc as well as a variety of vitamins, in particular B vitamins. However, the content of cholesterol and saturated fat is higher than in some other food groups. Processed meat is defined as products usually made of red meat that are cured, salted or smoked (e.g. ham or bacon) in order to improve the durability of the food and/or to improve colour and taste, and often contain a high amount of minced fatty tissue (e.g. sausages). Hence, high consumption of processed foods may lead to an increased intake of saturated fats, cholesterol, salt, nitrite, haem iron, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and, depending upon the chosen food preparation method, also heterocyclic amines. Several large cohort studies have shown that a high consumption of processed (red) meat is related to increased overall and cause-specific mortality. A meta-analysis of nine cohort studies observed a higher mortality among high consumers of processed red meat (relative risk (RR) = 1·23; 95 % CI 1·17, 1·28, top v. bottom consumption category), but not unprocessed red meat (RR = 1·10; 95 % CI 0·98, 1·22). Similar associations were reported in a second meta-analysis. All studies argue that plausible mechanisms are available linking processed meat consumption and risk of chronic diseases such as CVD, diabetes mellitus or some types of cancer. However, the results of meta-analyses do show some degree of heterogeneity between studies, and it has to be taken into account that individuals with low red or processed meat consumption tend to have a healthier lifestyle in general. Hence, substantial residual confounding cannot be excluded. Information from other types of studies in man is needed to support a causal role of processed meat in the aetiology of chronic diseases, e.g. studies using the Mendelian randomisation approach.
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156
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Selinski S, Getzmann S, Gajewski PD, Blaszkewicz M, Hengstler JG, Falkenstein M, Golka K. The ultra-slow NAT2*6A haplotype is associated with reduced higher cognitive functions in an elderly study group. Arch Toxicol 2015; 89:2291-303. [PMID: 26615528 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1635-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
N-Acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) genotype is associated with age-related declines in basic sensory hearing functions. However, the possible modulatory role of NAT2 for higher cognitive functions has not yet been studied. We tested auditory goal-directed behavior and attentional control in 120 NAT2 genotyped subjects (63-88 years), using an auditory distraction paradigm in which participants responded to the duration of long and short tone stimuli. We studied involuntary shifts in attention to task-irrelevant deviant stimuli and applied event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine which cognitive subprocesses are affected by NAT2 status on a neurophysiological level. Relative to the standard stimuli, deviant stimuli decreased performance in the recently described ultra-slow acetylators (NAT2*6A and *7B): The increase in error-corrected reaction times (a combined measure of response speed and accuracy) in ultra-slow acetylators (254 ms increase) was more than twice as high as in the rapid acetylator reference group (111 ms increase; p < 0.01). The increase was still higher than in the other slow acetylators (149 ms increase, p < 0.05). In addition, clear differences were found in the ERP results: Ultra-slow acetylators showed deficits specifically in the automatic detection of changes in the acoustic environment as evidenced by reduced mismatch negativity (MMN, p < 0.005 compared to rapid acetylators). Refocussing of attention after a distracting event was also impaired in the ultra-slow acetylators as evidenced by a reduced re-orienting negativity (RON, p < 0.01 compared to rapid acetylators). In conclusion, the ultra-slow acetylation status was associated with reduced higher cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Selinski
- Leibniz-Institut für Arbeitsforschung an der TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Stephan Getzmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Arbeitsforschung an der TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Patrick D Gajewski
- Leibniz-Institut für Arbeitsforschung an der TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Meinolf Blaszkewicz
- Leibniz-Institut für Arbeitsforschung an der TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz-Institut für Arbeitsforschung an der TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Michael Falkenstein
- Leibniz-Institut für Arbeitsforschung an der TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Klaus Golka
- Leibniz-Institut für Arbeitsforschung an der TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
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157
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Nowak A, Czyżowska A, Stańczyk M. Protective activity of probiotic bacteria against 2-amino-3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) - an in vitro study. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1927-38. [PMID: 26295367 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1084651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are carcinogenic compounds present in a typical Western diet rich in thermally processed meat. These nutritional factors can modulate the cytotoxicity of faecal water (FW) and induce tumours in the human gastrointestinal tract. Supplementation with probiotics is promising in terms of reducing the harmful effects of HAAs in the human body. The aim of the study was in vitro assessment of the protective activity of the probiotic strains Lb. rhamnosus 0900, Lb. rhamnosus 0908, Lb. casei 0919 and Lb. casei DN 114001 against IQ (2-amino-3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) and PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) after incubation with faeces from 15 persons aged 4 months to 82 years (children, adults and the elderly). The highest mean cytotoxicity of FW was observed for the elderly (63.2% ± 3.7%) and the lowest for children (28.0% ± 9.5%), as estimated by a neutral red uptake assay. The probiotics lowered the average cytotoxicity of FW exposed to IQ or PhIP. The concentration of IQ and PhIP in FW was most effectively reduced by Lb. rhamnosus 0900 (47.5%) and Lb. casei 0919 (45.8%), respectively, as determined by high -performance liquid chromatography. All the tested strains bound PhIP to a higher extent than IQ. In an alkaline comet assay, Lb. casei 0919 and Lb. rhamnosus 0908 displayed the strongest protective effect against IQ and PhIP (up to 80% reduction of DNA damage). Also in a comet assay, Lb. rhamnosus 0908 exhibited antioxidative activity toward H2O2 and PhIP (up to 63% and 69.5% reduction of oxidative DNA damage, respectively). The protective activity of the probiotic strains was specific to a given person's FW, which implies the involvement of intestinal microbiota in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Nowak
- a Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology , Lodz University of Technology , Lodz , Poland
| | - Agata Czyżowska
- a Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology , Lodz University of Technology , Lodz , Poland
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158
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Turesky RJ, White KK, Wilkens LR, Marchand LL. Caffeine Cytochrome P450 1A2 Metabolic Phenotype Does Not Predict the Metabolism of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Humans. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1603-15. [PMID: 26203673 PMCID: PMC4571451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2-Amino-1-methylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) are carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) formed in well-done cooked meats. Chemicals that induce cytochrome P450 (P450) 1A2, a major enzyme involved in the bioactivation of HAAs, also form in cooked meat. Therefore, well-done cooked meat may pose an increase in cancer risk because it contains both inducers of P450 1A2 and procarcinogenic HAAs. We examined the influence of components in meat to modulate P450 1A2 activity and the metabolism of PhIP and MeIQx in volunteers during a 4 week feeding study of well-done cooked beef. The mean P450 1A2 activity, assessed by caffeine metabolic phenotyping, ranged from 6.3 to 7.1 before the feeding study commenced and from 9.6 to 10.4 during the meat feeding period: the difference in means was significant (P < 0.001). Unaltered PhIP, MeIQx, and their P450 1A2 metabolites, N(2)-(β-1-glucosiduronyl)-2-(hydroxyamino)-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (HON-PhIP-N(2)-Gl); N3-(β-1-glucosiduronyl)-2-(hydroxyamino)-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (HON-PhIP-N3-Gl); 2-amino-3-methylimidazo-[4,5-f]quinoxaline-8-carboxylic acid (IQx-8-COOH); and 2-amino-8-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (8-CH2OH-IQx) were measured in urine during days 2, 14, and 28 of the meat diet. Significant correlations were observed on these days between the levels of the unaltered HAAs and their oxidized metabolites, when expressed as percent of dose ingested or as metabolic ratios. However, there was no statistically significant correlation between the caffeine P450 1A2 phenotype and any urinary HAA biomarker. Although the P450 1A2 activity varied by greater than 20-fold among the subjects, there was a large intraindividual variation of the P450 1A2 phenotype and inconsistent responses to inducers of P450 1A2. The coefficient of variation of the P450 1A2 phenotype within-individual ranged between 1 to 112% (median = 40%) during the entire course of the study. The caffeine metabolic phenotype for P450 1A2 was a poor predictor of oxidative urinary metabolites of PhIP and MeIQx and may not be a reliable measure to assess the role of HAAs in cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Turesky
- Masonic Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, 2231 6th St SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Kami K. White
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 9681
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 9681
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 9681
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159
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Pathak KV, Bellamri M, Wang Y, Langouët S, Turesky RJ. 2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) Adducts and Thiol Oxidation of Serum Albumin as Potential Biomarkers of Tobacco Smoke. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:16304-18. [PMID: 25953894 PMCID: PMC4481229 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.646539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) is a carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amine formed during the combustion of tobacco. AαC undergoes bioactivation to form electrophilic N-oxidized metabolites that react with DNA to form adducts, which can lead to mutations. Many genotoxicants and toxic electrophiles react with human serum albumin (albumin); however, the chemistry of reactivity of AαC with proteins has not been studied. The genotoxic metabolites, 2-hydroxyamino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (HONH-AαC), 2-nitroso-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (NO-AαC), N-acetyloxy-2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (N-acetoxy-AαC), and their [(13)C6]AαC-labeled homologues were reacted with albumin. Sites of adduction of AαC to albumin were identified by data-dependent scanning and targeted bottom-up proteomics approaches employing ion trap and Orbitrap MS. AαC-albumin adducts were formed at Cys(34), Tyr(140), and Tyr(150) residues when albumin was reacted with HONH-AαC or NO-AαC. Sulfenamide, sulfinamide, and sulfonamide adduct formation occurred at Cys(34) (AαC-Cys(34)). N-Acetoxy-AαC also formed an adduct at Tyr(332). Albumin-AαC adducts were characterized in human plasma treated with N-oxidized metabolites of AαC and human hepatocytes exposed to AαC. High levels of N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-AαC (dG-C8-AαC) DNA adducts were formed in hepatocytes. The Cys(34) was the sole amino acid of albumin to form adducts with AαC. Albumin also served as an antioxidant and scavenged reactive oxygen species generated by metabolites of AαC in hepatocytes; there was a strong decrease in reduced Cys(34), whereas the levels of Cys(34) sulfinic acid (Cys-SO2H), Cys(34)-sulfonic acid (Cys-SO3H), and Met(329) sulfoxide were greatly increased. Cys(34) adduction products and Cys-SO2H, Cys-SO3H, and Met(329) sulfoxide may be potential biomarkers to assess exposure and oxidative stress associated with AαC and other arylamine toxicants present in tobacco smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khyatiben V Pathak
- From the Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 and
| | - Medjda Bellamri
- UMR INSERM 1085 IRSET, Rennes 1 University, UMS 3480 Biosit, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Yi Wang
- From the Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 and
| | - Sophie Langouët
- UMR INSERM 1085 IRSET, Rennes 1 University, UMS 3480 Biosit, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Robert J Turesky
- From the Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 and
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160
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Stavros KM, Hawkins EK, Rizzo CJ, Stone MP. Base-Displaced Intercalated Conformation of the 2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline N(2)-dG DNA Adduct Positioned at the Nonreiterated G(1) in the NarI Restriction Site. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1455-68. [PMID: 26083477 PMCID: PMC4511292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
conformation of an N2-dG adduct
arising from the heterocyclic amine 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), a potent food mutagen, was determined
in 5′-d(C1T2C3X4G5C6G7C8C9A10T11C12)-3′:5′-d(G13A14T15G16G17C18G19C20C21G22A23G24)-3′; X = N2-dG-IQ, in which the modified nucleotide X4 corresponds to G1 in the 5′-d(G1G2CG3CC)-3′ NarI restriction endonuclease site. Circular dichroism (CD) revealed
blue shifts relative to the unmodified duplex, consistent with adduct-induced
twisting, and a hypochromic effect for the IQ absorbance in the near
UV region. NMR revealed that the N2-dG-IQ
adduct adopted a base-displaced intercalated conformation in which
the modified guanine remained in the anti conformation
about the glycosidic bond, the IQ moiety intercalated into the duplex,
and the complementary base C21 was displaced into the major
groove. The processing of the N2-dG-IQ
lesion by hpol η is sequence-dependent; when placed at the reiterated
G3 position, but not at the G1 position, this
lesion exhibits a propensity for frameshift replication [Choi, J.
Y., et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem., 281, 25297–25306]. The structure of the N2-dG-IQ adduct at the nonreiterated G1 position
was compared to that of the same adduct placed at the G3 position [Stavros, K. M., et al. (2014) Nucleic Acids Res., 42, 3450–3463]. CD indicted minimal spectral
differences between the G1 vs G3N2-dG-IQ adducts. NMR indicated that the N2-dG-IQ adduct exhibited similar base-displaced intercalated
conformations at both the G1 and G3 positions.
This result differed as compared to the corresponding C8-dG-IQ adducts
placed at the same positions. The C8-dG-IQ adduct adopted a minor
groove conformation when placed at position G1 but a base-displaced
intercalated conformation when placed at position G3 in
the NarI sequence. The present studies suggest that
differences in lesion bypass by hpol η may be mediated by differences
in the 3′-flanking sequences, perhaps modulating the ability
to accommodate transient strand slippage intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kallie M Stavros
- †Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, United States
| | | | - Carmelo J Rizzo
- †Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, United States
| | - Michael P Stone
- †Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, United States
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161
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Guo J, Yonemori K, Le Marchand L, Turesky RJ. Method to Biomonitor the Cooked Meat Carcinogen 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine in Dyed Hair by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Orbitrap High Resolution Multistage Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2015; 87:5872-7. [PMID: 25969997 PMCID: PMC4470769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is a carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amine formed in cooked meat. The use of naturally colored hair containing PhIP can serve as a long-term biomarker of exposure to this carcinogen. However, the measurement of PhIP in dyed hair, a cosmetic treatment commonly used by the adult population, is challenging because the dye process introduces into the hair matrix a complex mixture of chemicals that interferes with the measurement of PhIP. The high-resolution scanning features of the Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometer were employed to biomonitor PhIP in dyed hair. Because of the complexity of chemicals in the hair dye, the consecutive reaction monitoring of PhIP at the MS(3) scan stage was employed to selectively remove the isobaric interferences. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of PhIP was 84 parts-per-trillion (ppt) employing 50 mg of hair. Calibration curves were generated in dyed hair matrixes and showed good linearity (40-1000 pg PhIP/g hair) with a goodness-of-fit regression value of r(2) > 0.9978. The within-day (between-day) coefficients of variation were 7.7% (17%) and 5.4% (6.1%), respectively, with dyed hair samples spiked with PhIP at 200 and 600 ppt. The levels of PhIP accrued in dyed hair from volunteers on a semicontrolled feeding study who ingested known levels of PhIP were comparable to the levels of PhIP accrued in hair of subjects with natural hair color. The method was successfully employed to measure PhIP in nondyed and dyed hair biospecimens of participants in a case-control study of colorectal adenoma on their regular diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshu Guo
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, 2231 6th St SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Kim Yonemori
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813
| | - Robert J. Turesky
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, 2231 6th St SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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162
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Králík A, Linhart I, Váňa L, Moulisová A. Identification of New DNA Adducts of Phenylnitrenium. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1317-25. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Králík
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 1905, CZ-166
28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Linhart
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 1905, CZ-166
28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Váňa
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 1905, CZ-166
28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Moulisová
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 1905, CZ-166
28 Prague, Czech Republic
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163
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Jain A, Samykutty A, Jackson C, Browning D, Bollag WB, Thangaraju M, Takahashi S, Singh SR. Curcumin inhibits PhIP induced cytotoxicity in breast epithelial cells through multiple molecular targets. Cancer Lett 2015; 365:122-31. [PMID: 26004342 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), found in cooked meat, is a known food carcinogen that causes several types of cancer, including breast cancer, as PhIP metabolites produce DNA adduct and DNA strand breaks. Curcumin, obtained from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has potent anticancer activity. To date, no study has examined the interaction of PhIP with curcumin in breast epithelial cells. The present study demonstrates the mechanisms by which curcumin inhibits PhIP-induced cytotoxicity in normal breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A). Curcumin significantly inhibited PhIP-induced DNA adduct formation and DNA double stand breaks with a concomitant decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The expression of Nrf2, FOXO targets; DNA repair genes BRCA-1, H2AFX and PARP-1; and tumor suppressor P16 was studied to evaluate the influence on these core signaling pathways. PhIP induced the expression of various antioxidant and DNA repair genes. However, co-treatment with curcumin inhibited this expression. PhIP suppressed the expression of the tumor suppressor P16 gene, whereas curcumin co-treatment increased its expression. Caspase-3 and -9 were slightly suppressed by curcumin with a consequent inhibition of cell death. These results suggest that curcumin appears to be an effective anti-PhIP food additive likely acting through multiple molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Jain
- Department of Natural Sciences, Albany State University, Albany, Georgia 31705, USA.
| | - Abhilash Samykutty
- Department of Natural Sciences, Albany State University, Albany, Georgia 31705, USA
| | - Carissa Jackson
- Department of Natural Sciences, Albany State University, Albany, Georgia 31705, USA
| | - Darren Browning
- Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - Wendy B Bollag
- Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA; Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia 30904, USA
| | | | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Shree Ram Singh
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
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Wang Y, Peng L, Bellamri M, Langouët S, Turesky RJ. Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Human Serum Albumin Adducts Formed with N-Oxidized Metabolites of 2-Amino-1-methylphenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine in Human Plasma and Hepatocytes. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1045-59. [PMID: 25815793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), a carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amine formed in cooked meats, is metabolically activated to electrophilic intermediates that form covalent adducts with DNA and protein. We previously identified an adduct of PhIP formed at the Cys(34) residue of human serum albumin following reaction of albumin with the genotoxic metabolite 2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (HONH-PhIP). The major adducted peptide recovered from a tryptic/chymotryptic digest was identified as the missed-cleavage peptide LQQC*([SO2PhIP])PFEDHVK, a [cysteine-S-yl-PhIP]-S-dioxide linked adduct. In this investigation, we have characterized the albumin adduction products of N-sulfooxy-2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (N-sulfooxy-PhIP), which is thought to be a major genotoxic metabolite of PhIP formed in vivo. Targeted and data-dependent scanning methods showed that N-sulfooxy-PhIP adducted to the Cys(34) of albumin in human plasma to form LQQC*([SO2PhIP])PFEDHVK at levels that were 8-10-fold greater than the adduct levels formed with N-(acetyloxy)-2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (N-acetoxy-PhIP) or HONH-PhIP. We also discovered that N-sulfooxy-PhIP forms an adduct at the sole tryptophan (Trp(214)) residue of albumin in the sequence AW*([PhIP])AVAR. However, stable adducts of PhIP with albumin were not detected in human hepatocytes. Instead, PhIP and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-(5-hydroxy)phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (5-HO-PhIP), a solvolysis product of the proposed nitrenium ion of PhIP, were recovered during the proteolysis, suggesting a labile sulfenamide linkage had formed between an N-oxidized intermediate of PhIP and Cys(34) of albumin. A stable adduct was formed at the Tyr(411) residue of albumin in hepatocytes and identified as a deaminated product of PhIP, Y(*[desaminoPhIP])TK, where the 4-HO-tyrosine group bound to the C-2 imidazole atom of PhIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- †Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Cancer and Cardiology Research Building, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Lijuan Peng
- ‡School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, ChangQing Garden, Hankou, Wuhan 430023, P. R. China
| | - Medjda Bellamri
- §Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail (IRSET), Université de Rennes 1, UMS 3480 Biosit, F-35043 Rennes, France.,∥ANSES Laboratoire de Fougères, La Haute Marche-Javené, BP 90203, 350302 Fougères, France
| | - Sophie Langouët
- §Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement et Travail (IRSET), Université de Rennes 1, UMS 3480 Biosit, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Robert J Turesky
- †Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Cancer and Cardiology Research Building, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Abstract
High meat intake has been related to chronic diseases such as cancer and CVD. One hypothesis is that heterocyclic amines (HCA), which are formed during the cooking process of meat, can generate reactive species. These compounds can cause oxidation of lipids, proteins and DNA, resulting in oxidative stress, cell damage and loss of biological function. This association has been seenin vitro; however, it remains unclearin vivo. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between oxidative stress and HCA intake, and oxidative stress and meat intake. Data were from the Health Survey for Sao Paulo – ISA-Capital (561 adult and elderly). Food intake was estimated by one 24-h dietary recall (24HR) complemented by a detailed FFQ with preferences of cooking methods and level of doneness for meat. HCA intake was estimated linking the meat from the 24HR to a database of HCA. Oxidative stress was estimated by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in the plasma, after derivatisation with thiobarbituric acid and quantification by HPLC/diode array. Analyses were performed using multivariate logistic regressions adjusted for smoking, sex, age, BMI, skin colour, energy intake, fruit and vegetable intake, and physical activity. A positive association between HCA intake and MDA concentration (OR 1·17; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·38) was observed, showing that HCA from meat may contribute to increase oxidative stress, and may consequently increase the risk of chronic diseases.
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166
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Wasalathanthri DP, Li D, Song D, Zheng Z, Choudhary D, Jansson I, Lu X, Schenkman JB, Rusling JF. Elucidating Organ-Specific Metabolic Toxicity Chemistry from Electrochemiluminescent Enzyme/DNA Arrays and Bioreactor Bead-LC-MS/MS. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2457-2468. [PMID: 25798217 PMCID: PMC4364445 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03401e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human toxic responses are very often related to metabolism. Liver metabolism is traditionally studied, but other organs also convert chemicals and drugs to reactive metabolites leading to toxicity. When DNA damage is found, the effects are termed genotoxic. Here we describe a comprehensive new approach to evaluate chemical genotoxicity pathways from metabolites formed in-situ by a broad spectrum of liver, lung, kidney and intestinal enzymes. DNA damage rates are measured with a microfluidic array featuring a 64-nanowell chip to facilitate fabrication of films of DNA, electrochemiluminescent (ECL) detection polymer [Ru(bpy)2(PVP)10]2+ {(PVP = poly(4-vinylpyridine)} and metabolic enzymes. First, multiple enzyme reactions are run on test compounds using the array, then ECL light related to the resulting DNA damage is measured. A companion method next facilitates reaction of target compounds with DNA/enzyme-coated magnetic beads in 96 well plates, after which DNA is hydrolyzed and nucleobase-metabolite adducts are detected by LC-MS/MS. The same organ enzymes are used as in the arrays. Outcomes revealed nucleobase adducts from DNA damage, enzymes responsible for reactive metabolites (e.g. cyt P450s), influence of bioconjugation, relative dynamics of enzymes suites from different organs, and pathways of possible genotoxic chemistry. Correlations between DNA damage rates from the cell-free array and organ-specific cell-based DNA damage were found. Results illustrate the power of the combined DNA/enzyme microarray/LC-MS/MS approach to efficiently explore a broad spectrum of organ-specific metabolic genotoxic pathways for drugs and environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , USA .
| | - Donghui Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , USA
| | - Zhifang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , USA .
| | - Dharamainder Choudhary
- Department of Surgery , University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington , Connecticut 06032 , USA
| | - Ingela Jansson
- Department of Cell Biology , University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington , Connecticut 06032 , USA
| | - Xiuling Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , USA
| | - John B. Schenkman
- Department of Cell Biology , University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington , Connecticut 06032 , USA
| | - James F. Rusling
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , USA .
- National University of Ireland at Galway , Ireland
- Department of Cell Biology , University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington , Connecticut 06032 , USA
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167
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Involvement of cytochrome P450 1A1 and glutathione S-transferase P1 polymorphisms and promoter hypermethylation in the progression of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: a case-control study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119481. [PMID: 25798582 PMCID: PMC4370371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drug-induced liver injury (ADLI) is one of the most common adverse effects associated with TB treatment. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and glutathione S-transferase (GST) P1 are important phase I/II metabolizing enzymes involved in drug metabolism and detoxification. Genetic polymorphism and CpG island methylation have been reported as factors influencing the expression of CYP1A1 and GSTP1. Objective This study aimed to determine the potential relationships of CYP1A1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms and CpG island methylation with ADLI risk. Design This was a population-based one-to-one matched case–control study. Setting The subjects were patients with TB receiving treatment in China from December 2010 to June 2013. Patients In total, 127 patients with TB and ADLI (case group) and 127 patients with TB but without liver injury (control group) were included in this study. Subjects were matched in terms of sex, age, and therapeutic regimen. Methods The general condition of each patient was assessed using questionnaires. The CYP1A1 MspI and GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphisms as well as methylation status were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–restriction fragment length polymorphism and the methylation-specific PCR method. Results We found no significant difference in GSTP1 and CYP1A1 genotypes between the two groups, probably because the sample size was not large enough; however, patients with ADLI had significantly higher GSTP1 and CYP1A1 promoter methylation rates than control subjects [odds ratio (OR) = 2.467 and 2.000, respectively]. After adjusting for drinking, which significantly differed between the groups as per univariate analysis, we found that hypermethylation of GSTP1 and CYP1A1 promoters was associated with ADLI (OR = 2.645 and 2.090, respectively). Conclusion Hypermethylation of CpG islands of GSTP1 and CYP1A1 promoters may thus play important roles in the development of ADLI and provide evidence of being used as novel markers for ADLI risk prediction.
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168
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Jia WG, Li DD, Gu C, Dai YC, Zhou YH, Yuan G, Sheng EH. Two cadmium(II) complexes with oxazoline-based ligands as effective catalysts for C–N cross-coupling reactions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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169
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Budhathoki S, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Sasazuki S, Takachi R, Sakamoto H, Yoshida T, Tsugane S. Dietary Heterocyclic Amine Intake, NAT2 Genetic Polymorphism, and Colorectal Adenoma Risk: The Colorectal Adenoma Study in Tokyo. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:613-20. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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170
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Arlt VM, Henderson CJ, Wolf CR, Stiborová M, Phillips DH. The Hepatic Reductase Null (HRN™) and Reductase Conditional Null (RCN) mouse models as suitable tools to study metabolism, toxicity and carcinogenicity of environmental pollutants. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00116h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes the applicability of the Hepatic Reductase Null (HRN) and Reductase Conditional Null (RCN) mouse models to study carcinogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker M. Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health
- King's College London
- London SE1 9NH
- UK
| | - Colin J. Henderson
- Division of Cancer Research
- Medical Research Institute
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre
- University of Dundee
- Dundee DD1 9SY
| | - C. Roland Wolf
- Division of Cancer Research
- Medical Research Institute
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre
- University of Dundee
- Dundee DD1 9SY
| | - Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University
- 128 40 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - David H. Phillips
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health
- King's College London
- London SE1 9NH
- UK
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171
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Khan MR, Naushad M, Alothman ZA, Alsohaimi IH, Algamdi MS. Solid phase extraction and ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric identification of carcinogenic/mutagenic heterocyclic amines in cooked camel meat. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13967d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, three kinds of camel (Mjahim, Mgatir and Humor) from Saudi Arabia have been studied for heterocyclic amines (HAs) contents in their cooked meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rizwan Khan
- Advanced Materials Research Chair
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
| | - Mu Naushad
- Advanced Materials Research Chair
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
| | - Zeid Abdullah Alothman
- Advanced Materials Research Chair
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
| | - Ibrahim Hotan Alsohaimi
- Advanced Materials Research Chair
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
| | - Mohammad Saad Algamdi
- Advanced Materials Research Chair
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
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172
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Yun BH, Sidorenko VS, Rosenquist TA, Dickman KG, Grollman AP, Turesky RJ. New Approaches for Biomonitoring Exposure to the Human Carcinogen Aristolochic Acid. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015; 4:763-776. [PMID: 26366284 DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aristolochic acids (AA) are found in all Aristolochia herbaceous plants, many of which have been used worldwide for medicinal purposes for centuries. AA are causal agents of the chronic kidney disease entity termed aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) and potent upper urinary tract carcinogens in humans. AAN and upper urinary tract cancers are endemic in rural areas of Croatia and other Balkan countries where exposure to AA occurs through the ingestion of home-baked bread contaminated with Aristolochia seeds. In Asia, exposure to AA occurs through usage of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs containing Aristolochia. Despite warnings from regulatory agencies, traditional Chinese herbs containing AA continue to be used world-wide. In this review, we highlight novel approaches to quantify exposure to AA, by analysis of aristolactam (AL) DNA adducts, employing ultraperformance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/multistage mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI/MSn). DNA adducts are a measure of internal exposure to AA and serve as an important end point for cross-species extrapolation of toxicity data and human risk assessment. The level of sensitivity of UPLC-ESI/MSn surpasses the limits of detection of AL-DNA adducts obtained by 32P-postlabeling techniques, the most widely employed methods for detecting putative DNA adducts in humans. AL-DNA adducts can be measured by UPLC-ESI/MS3, not only in fresh frozen renal tissue, but also in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, an underutilized biospecimen for assessing chemical exposures, and in exfoliated urinary cells, a non-invasive approach. The frequent detection of AL DNA adducts in renal tissues, combined with the characteristic mutational spectrum induced by AA in TP53 and other genes provides compelling data for a role of AA in upper urothelial tract cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Hwa Yun
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Viktoriya S Sidorenko
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Thomas A Rosenquist
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Kathleen G Dickman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA ; Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Arthur P Grollman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA ; Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Robert J Turesky
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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173
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Tomioka K, Saeki K, Obayashi K, Tanaka Y, Kurumatani N. Risk for lung cancer in workers exposed to benzidine and/or beta-naphthylamine: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2014; 3:112. [PMID: 25281283 PMCID: PMC4186647 DOI: 10.1186/2046-4053-3-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk for lung cancer in workers exposed to benzidine (BZ) and/or beta-naphthylamine (BNA), which are well-known bladder carcinogens, has been examined in many epidemiological studies, but individual epidemiological studies generally lack the power to examine the association between BZ/BNA exposure and lung cancer. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the risk for lung cancer among workers exposed to BZ/BNA occupationally. METHODS/DESIGN Studies will be identified by a MEDLINE, EMBASE, CDSR, and CINAHL search and by the reference lists of articles/relevant reviews. Eligible studies will be cohort and case-control studies that report occupational BZ/BNA exposure and the outcome of interest (lung cancer death/incidence). The method of meta-analysis will be used to combine standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and/or standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) from retrospective and prospective cohort studies and odds ratios (ORs) from case-control studies. Two reviewers will independently screen articles, extract data, and assess scientific quality using standardized forms and published quality assessment tools tailored for each study design. Overall pooled risk estimates and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) will be obtained using random effects model. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted following the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines, and results will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. DISCUSSION This review will identify and synthesize studies of the association between occupational BZ/BNA exposure and lung cancer. The findings will help to identify whether BZ/BNA could cause lung cancer and might indicate whether workers with exposure to BZ/BNA have a need for preventive measures against non-urological cancer besides bladder cancer. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42014010250.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Keigo Saeki
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kenji Obayashi
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yuu Tanaka
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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174
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Juricek L, Bui LC, Busi F, Pierre S, Guyot E, Lamouri A, Dupret JM, Barouki R, Coumoul X, Rodrigues-Lima F. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by carcinogenic aromatic amines and modulatory effects of their N-acetylated metabolites. Arch Toxicol 2014; 89:2403-12. [PMID: 25224404 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1367-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic amines (AAs) are an important class of chemicals which account for 12 % of known carcinogens. The biological effects of AAs depend mainly on their biotransformation into reactive metabolites or into N-acetylated metabolites which are generally considered as less toxic. Although the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway by certain carcinogenic AAs has been reported, the effects of their N-acetylated metabolites on the AhR have not been addressed. Here, we investigated whether carcinogenic AAs and their N-acetylated metabolites may activate/modulate the AhR pathway in the absence and/or the presence of a bona fide AhR ligand (benzo[a]pyrene/B(a)P]. In agreement with previous studies, we found that certain AAs activated the AhR in human liver and lung cells as assessed by an increase in cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) expression and activity. Altogether, we report for the first time that these properties can be modulated by the N-acetylation status of the AA. Whereas 2-naphthylamine significantly activated the AhR and induced CYP1A1 expression, its N-acetylated metabolite was less efficient. In contrast, the N-acetylated metabolite of 2-aminofluorene was able to significantly activate AhR, whereas the parent AA, 2-aminofluorene, did not. In the presence of B(a)P, activation of AhR or antagonist effects were observed depending on the AA or its N-acetylated metabolite. Activation and/or modulation of the AhR pathway by AAs and their N-acetylated metabolites may represent a novel mechanism contributing to the toxicological effects of AAs. More broadly, our data suggest biological interactions between AAs and other classes of xenobiotics through the AhR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Juricek
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Linh-Chi Bui
- CNRS EAC 4413, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 rue Marie-Andrée Lagroua Weill Hallé, 75213, Paris, France
| | - Florent Busi
- CNRS EAC 4413, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 rue Marie-Andrée Lagroua Weill Hallé, 75213, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Pierre
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Erwan Guyot
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Aazdine Lamouri
- Laboratoire ITODYS, CNRS UMR 7086, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15, rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marie Dupret
- CNRS EAC 4413, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 rue Marie-Andrée Lagroua Weill Hallé, 75213, Paris, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
- Service de biochimie métabolique, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75743, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - Fernando Rodrigues-Lima
- CNRS EAC 4413, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 rue Marie-Andrée Lagroua Weill Hallé, 75213, Paris, France.
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175
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Cooper KM, Jankhaikhot N, Cuskelly G. Optimised extraction of heterocyclic aromatic amines from blood using hollow fibre membrane liquid-phase microextraction and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1358:20-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Tomioka K, Obayashi K, Saeki K, Okamoto N, Kurumatani N. Increased risk of lung cancer associated with occupational exposure to benzidine and/or beta-naphthylamine. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2014; 88:455-65. [PMID: 25151432 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-014-0974-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate non-urological cancer risks associated with benzidine (BZ) and beta-naphthylamine (BNA), a historical cohort study was undertaken. METHODS A total of 224 male workers exposed to BZ/BNA from a single factory were followed from 1953 to 2011. To estimate BZ/BNA exposure dose, duration of exposure (DOE) was defined as duration of employment between 1953 and 1972, the period when BZ and BNA were produced and used at this factory. Subjects were dichotomized (into long- and short-term groups) based on the median of DOE. Cancer-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated using national and regional incidence rates as reference. Smoking history was obtained through questionnaires and other sources. Association between lung cancer (LC) or bladder cancer (BC) incidence and DOE was assessed using Cox's proportional hazards model. RESULTS Vital status follow-up was successful for 216 (96.4%). Follow-up duration averaged 44.0 (SD 10.7) years. Increased SIRs based on national rates were found for all cancers (81 cases, SIR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.26-1.98), LC (18 cases, SIR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.53-4.07), and BC (7 cases, SIR = 4.70, 95% CI 1.89-9.67). Among workers with >20 years after first exposure, the SIR for LC was statistically elevated in the long DOE group (15 cases, SIR = 3.34, 95% CI 1.87-5.51). After adjustment for smoking, exposure to bis(chloromethyl) ether, and age at first exposure, a marginally significant hazard ratio (HR) was observed for the long DOE group (adjusted HR = 3.02, 95% CI 0.84-10.93, p = 0.091), compared to the short DOE group. DOE did not affect BC incidence. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the high risk of LC besides BC, suggesting that BZ/BNA have the potential to cause LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, zip code 6348521, Japan,
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177
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Long AS, Lemieux CL, Yousefi P, Ruiz-Mercado I, Lam NL, Orellana CR, White PA, Smith KR, Holland N. Human urinary mutagenicity after wood smoke exposure during traditional temazcal use. Mutagenesis 2014; 29:367-77. [PMID: 25084778 PMCID: PMC4141685 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geu025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In Central America, the traditional temazcales or wood-fired steam baths, commonly used by many Native American populations, are often heated by wood fires with little ventilation, and this use results in high wood smoke exposure. Urinary mutagenicity has been previously employed as a non-invasive biomarker of human exposure to combustion emissions. This study examined the urinary mutagenicity in 19 indigenous Mayan families from the highlands of Guatemala who regularly use temazcales (N = 32), as well as control (unexposed) individuals from the same population (N = 9). Urine samples collected before and after temazcal exposure were enzymatically deconjugated and extracted using solid-phase extraction. The creatinine-adjusted mutagenic potency of urine extracts was assessed using the plate-incorporation version of the Salmonella mutagenicity assay with strain YG1041 in the presence of exogenous metabolic activation. The post-exposure mutagenic potency of urine extracts were, on average, 1.7-fold higher than pre-exposure samples (P < 0.005) and also significantly more mutagenic than the control samples (P < 0.05). Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) was ~10 times higher following temazcal use (P < 0.0001), and both CO level and time spent in temazcal were positively associated with urinary mutagenic potency (i.e. P < 0.0001 and P = 0.01, respectively). Thus, the wood smoke exposure associated with temazcal use contributes to increased excretion of conjugated mutagenic metabolites. Moreover, urinary mutagenic potency is correlated with other metrics of exposure (i.e. exhaled CO, duration of exposure). Since urinary mutagenicity is a biomarker associated with genetic damage, temazcal use may therefore be expected to contribute to an increased risk of DNA damage and mutation, effects associated with the initiation of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Long
- Mechanistic Studies Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada, Air Health Science Division, Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA and Centro del Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Christine L Lemieux
- Air Health Science Division, Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Paul Yousefi
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA and
| | - Ilse Ruiz-Mercado
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA and
| | - Nicholas L Lam
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA and
| | | | - Paul A White
- Mechanistic Studies Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada, Air Health Science Division, Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA and Centro del Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Kirk R Smith
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA and
| | - Nina Holland
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA and
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178
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Gavina JMA, Yao C, Feng YL. Recent developments in DNA adduct analysis by mass spectrometry: a tool for exposure biomonitoring and identification of hazard for environmental pollutants. Talanta 2014; 130:475-94. [PMID: 25159438 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA adducts represent an important category of biomarkers for detection and exposure surveillance of potential carcinogenic and genotoxic chemicals in the environment. Sensitive and specific analytical methods are required to detect and differentiate low levels of adducts from native DNA from in vivo exposure. In addition to biomonitoring of environmental pollutants, analytical methods have been developed for structural identification of adducts which provides fundamental information for determining the toxic pathway of hazardous chemicals. In order to achieve the required sensitivity, mass spectrometry has been increasingly utilized to quantify adducts at low levels as well as to obtain structural information. Furthermore, separation techniques such as chromatography and capillary electrophoresis can be coupled to mass spectrometry to increase the selectivity. This review will provide an overview of advances in detection of adducted and modified DNA by mass spectrometry with a focus on the analysis of nucleosides since 2007. Instrument advances, sample and instrument considerations, and recent applications will be summarized in the context of hazard assessment. Finally, advances in biomonitoring applying mass spectrometry will be highlighted. Most importantly, the usefulness of DNA adducts measurement and detection will be comprehensively discussed as a tool for assessment of in vitro and in vivo exposure to environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennilee M A Gavina
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 50 Columbine Driveway, AL: 0800C, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Chunhe Yao
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 50 Columbine Driveway, AL: 0800C, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Yong-Lai Feng
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 50 Columbine Driveway, AL: 0800C, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9.
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Attaluri S, Iden CR, Bonala RR, Johnson F. Total synthesis of the aristolochic acids, their major metabolites, and related compounds. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 27:1236-42. [PMID: 24877584 PMCID: PMC4216193 DOI: 10.1021/tx500122x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plants from the Aristolochia genus have been recommended for the treatment of a variety of human ailments since the time of Hippocrates. However, many species produce the highly toxic aristolochic acids (AAs), which are both nephrotoxic and carcinogenic. For the purposes of extensive biological studies, a versatile approach to the synthesis of the AAs and their major metabolites was devised based primarily on a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction. The key to success lies in the preparation of a common ring-A precursor, namely, the tetrahydropyranyl ether of 2-nitromethyl-3-iodo-4,5-methylendioxybenzyl alcohol (27), which was generated in excellent yield by oxidation of the aldoxime precursor 26. Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of 27 with a variety of benzaldehyde 2-boronates was accompanied by an aldol condensation/elimination reaction to give the desired phenanthrene intermediate directly. Deprotection of the benzyl alcohol followed by two sequential oxidation steps gave the desired phenanthrene nitrocarboxylic acids. This approach was used to synthesize AAs I-IV and several other related compounds, including AA I and AA II bearing an aminopropyloxy group at position-6, which were required for further conversion to fluorescent biological probes. Further successful application of the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction to the synthesis of the N-hydroxyaristolactams of AA I and AA II then allowed the synthesis of the putative, but until now elusive, N-acetoxy- and N-sulfonyloxy-aristolactam metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaprasad Attaluri
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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180
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Trafialek J, Kolanowski W. Dietary exposure to meat-related carcinogenic substances: is there a way to estimate the risk? Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 65:774-80. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.917146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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181
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Chen YZ, Li J, Zhao YX, Liu D, Wang HT, Gao Y, Chen Y. Genetic polymorphisms in the CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 genes and susceptibility to bladder cancer: a meta-analysis. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:4929-40. [PMID: 24718782 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3359-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The current meta-analysis of case-control studies was conducted to evaluated the relationships of genetic polymorphisms in the CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 genes with the susceptibility to bladder cancer, aiming at determine whether these polymorphisms may contribute to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer. Related articles were determined via searching the following electronic databases without any language restrictions: PubMed, CISCOM, CINAHL, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, and CBM databases for relevant articles published before November 1st, 2013. STATA 12.0 software was also selected to deal with statistical data. The relationships were evaluated using the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Eleven case-control studies with a total of 2,609 bladder cancer patients and 2,634 healthy subjects met the inclusion criteria. The results of our meta-analysis demonstrated that CYP1A1 genetic polymorphisms were associated with increased risks of bladder cancer (allele model: RR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.07-1.30, P = 0.001; dominant model: RR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.05-1.27, P = 0.003; respectively), especially among 11599G>C, 2455A>G, 3810T>C, and 113T>C polymorphisms. A subgroup analysis by ethnicity was conducted to investigate its effect on susceptibility to bladder cancer. The subgroup analysis results revealed positive significant correlations between CYP1A1 genetic polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk among Asians (allele model: RR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.10-1.44, P = 0.001; dominant model: RR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.08-1.38, P = 0.001), but not among Caucasians (all P < 0.05). Nevertheless, we observed no significant correlations between CYP1B1 genetic polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk (all P > 0.05). Our meta-analysis indicates that CYP1A1 genetic polymorphisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer, especially among 11599G>C, 2455A>G, 3810T>C, and 113T>C polymorphisms. However, CYP1B1 genetic polymorphisms may not be important determinants of bladder cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Zhi Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Chongshan East Road No. 4, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110032, People's Republic of China
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182
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Xue J, Du L, Zhu R, Huang J, Phillips DL. Direct time-resolved spectroscopic observation of arylnitrenium ion reactions with guanine-containing DNA oligomers. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3610-4. [PMID: 24665944 DOI: 10.1021/jo500484s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic activation of a number of aromatic amine compounds to arylnitrenium ions that can react with DNA to form covalent adducts has been linked to carcinogenesis. Guanine in DNA has been shown to be the main target of N-containing carcinogens, and many monomeric guanine derivatives have been utilized as models for product analysis and spectroscopic investigations to attempt to better understand the reaction mechanisms of DNA with arylnitrenium ions. However, there are still important unresolved issues regarding how arylnitrenium ions attack guanine residues in DNA oligomers. In this article, we employed ns-TA and ns-TR(3) spectroscopies to directly observe the reaction of the 2-fluorenylnitrenium ion with selected DNA oligomers, and we detected an intermediate possessing a similar C8 structure as the intermediates produced from the reaction of monomeric guanosine derivatives with arylnitrenium ions. Our results suggest that the oligomeric structure can lead to a faster reaction rate of arylnitrenium ions with guanine residues in DNA oligomers and the reaction of arylnitrenium ions take place in a manner similar to reactions with monomeric guanosine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadan Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong S.A.R., China
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183
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Peng L, Turesky RJ. Optimizing proteolytic digestion conditions for the analysis of serum albumin adducts of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, a potential human carcinogen formed in cooked meat. J Proteomics 2014; 103:267-78. [PMID: 24698664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are carcinogens formed during the cooking of meats or arise in tobacco smoke. The genotoxic N-oxidized metabolites of HAAs bind to Cys residues of proteins to form arylsulfinamide adducts. However, these adducts are unstable and undergo hydrolysis during enzymatic digestion, and thus have been precluded as biomarkers of exposure to HAAs. Arylsulfinamide adducts of HAAs can undergo oxidation to form stable arylsulfonamide linkages, which are chemically stable and amenable for analysis. 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is a carcinogen present in cooked meat. We established a quantitative MS-based method to measure the sulfinamide adduct of PhIP formed at the cysteine(34) (Cys(34)) residue of human serum albumin (SA), following chemical oxidation of PhIP-modified SA with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid. Different enzyme systems (trypsin; chymotrypsin; trypsin/chymotrypsin; proteinase K; pronase E; and pronase E/leucine aminopeptidase/prolidase) were evaluated for their proficiency of digestion of SA modified with PhIP. The strongest signal was observed for the L(31)QQC*PFEDHVK(41) peptide, by ultraperformance liquid chromatography and ion trap MS. A limit of quantification value was 0.3fmol of LQQC*PFEDHVK per μg SA, or 2.5 adducts per 10(5) SA molecules, when assaying 0.75μg of SA. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE This article describes a mass spectrometric based method to characterize and measure human serum albumin (SA) adducts of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), a carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amine formed in cooked meats and tobacco smoke. PhIP undergoes metabolic activation to form reactive N-oxidized intermediates that bind to DNA and proteins. N-oxidized PhIP metabolites bind to the Cys(34) residue of SA to form a sulfinamide linkage. However, the linkage undergoes hydrolysis during proteolysis, precluding the employment of this adduct as a biomarker in human studies. We have shown that the sulfinamide linkage undergoes oxidation to form the [cysteine-S-yl-PhIP]-S-dioxide, a sulfonamide linked adduct which is stable toward proteolysis. The specificity and efficiency of several different proteases toward the digestion of the SA-Cys(34)-PhIP adduct were examined. The combination of trypsin and chymotrypsin produced the single-missed cleaved peptide LQQC*PFEDHVK in high yield. Moreover, denaturation and chemical reduction of the internal Cys disulfide bonds of SA were not required for the recovery of LQQC*PFEDHVK. The novel chemistry and proteomic approaches developed in this study may be applied to monitor biologically reactive N-oxidized intermediates of arylamines through their adduction products formed at nucleophilic Cys residues of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Peng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, ChangQing Garden, Hankou, Wuhan 430023, PR China; Division of Environmental Health Sciences,Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA.
| | - Robert J Turesky
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences,Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA; Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Cancer and Cardiology Research Building, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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184
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Tripathi VK, Kumar V, Singh AK, Kashyap MP, Jahan S, Pandey A, Alam S, Khan F, Khanna VK, Yadav S, Lohani M, Pant AB. Monocrotophos induces the expression and activity of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in pre-sensitized cultured human brain cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91946. [PMID: 24663500 PMCID: PMC3963866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression and metabolic profile of cytochrome P450s (CYPs) is largely missing in human brain due to non-availability of brain tissue. We attempted to address the issue by using human brain neuronal (SH-SY5Y) and glial (U373-MG) cells. The expression and activity of CYP1A1, 2B6 and 2E1 were carried out in the cells exposed to CYP inducers viz., 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC), cyclophosphamide (CPA), ethanol and known neurotoxicant- monocrotophos (MCP), a widely used organophosphorous pesticide. Both the cells show significant induction in the expression and CYP-specific activity against classical inducers and MCP. The induction level of CYPs was comparatively lower in MCP exposed cells than cells exposed to classical inducers. Pre-exposure (12 h) of cells to classical inducers significantly added the MCP induced CYPs expression and activity. The findings were concurrent with protein ligand docking studies, which show a significant modulatory capacity of MCP by strong interaction with CYP regulators-CAR, PXR and AHR. Similarly, the known CYP inducers- 3-MC, CPA and ethanol have also shown significantly high docking scores with all the three studied CYP regulators. The expression of CYPs in neuronal and glial cells has suggested their possible association with the endogenous physiology of the brain. The findings also suggest the xenobiotic metabolizing capabilities of these cells against MCP, if received a pre-sensitization to trigger the xenobiotic metabolizing machinery. MCP induced CYP-specific activity in neuronal cells could help in explaining its effect on neurotransmission, as these CYPs are known to involve in the synthesis/transport of the neurotransmitters. The induction of CYPs in glial cells is also of significance as these cells are thought to be involved in protecting the neurons from environmental insults and safeguard them from toxicity. The data provide better understanding of the metabolizing capability of the human brain cells against xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay K. Tripathi
- In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Abhishek K. Singh
- In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Mahendra P. Kashyap
- In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Sadaf Jahan
- In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Ankita Pandey
- In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Sarfaraz Alam
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Feroz Khan
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Vinay K. Khanna
- In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Sanjay Yadav
- In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohtshim Lohani
- Department of Biotechnology, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Aditya B. Pant
- In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- * E-mail:
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185
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Fu Y, Zhao G, Wang S, Yu J, Xie F, Wang H, Xie J. Simultaneous determination of fifteen heterocyclic aromatic amines in the urine of smokers and nonsmokers using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1333:45-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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186
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Stavros KM, Hawkins EK, Rizzo CJ, Stone MP. Base-displaced intercalation of the 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinolone N2-dG adduct in the NarI DNA recognition sequence. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:3450-63. [PMID: 24366876 PMCID: PMC3950664 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinolone (IQ), a heterocyclic amine found in cooked meats, undergoes bioactivation to a nitrenium ion, which alkylates guanines at both the C8-dG and N2-dG positions. The conformation of a site-specific N2-dG-IQ adduct in an oligodeoxynucleotide duplex containing the iterated CG repeat restriction site of the NarI endonuclease has been determined. The IQ moiety intercalates, with the IQ H4a and CH3 protons facing the minor groove, and the IQ H7a, H8a and H9a protons facing the major groove. The adducted dG maintains the anti-conformation about the glycosyl bond. The complementary dC is extruded into the major groove. The duplex maintains its thermal stability, which is attributed to stacking between the IQ moiety and the 5'- and 3'-neighboring base pairs. This conformation is compared to that of the C8-dG-IQ adduct in the same sequence, which also formed a 'base-displaced intercalated' conformation. However, the C8-dG-IQ adopted the syn conformation placing the Watson-Crick edge of the modified dG into the major groove. In addition, the C8-dG-IQ adduct was oriented with the IQ CH3 group and H4a and H5a facing the major groove. These differences may lead to differential processing during DNA repair and replication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael P. Stone
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235-1822, USA
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187
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Zamora R, Alcón E, Hidalgo FJ. Effect of amino acids on the formation of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in creatinine/phenylalanine and creatinine/phenylalanine/4-oxo-2-nonenal reaction mixtures. Food Chem 2013; 141:4240-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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188
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Cravedi JP, Delous G, Zalko D, Viguié C, Debrauwer L. Disposition of fipronil in rats. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:2276-2283. [PMID: 24016625 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the scientific literature, little attention has been paid to the disposition of fipronil, a phenyl pyrazole insecticide. In this study, the tissue distribution, the metabolic fate, and the elimination of fipronil was investigated in rats using radiolabeled fipronil. When a single oral dose of (14)C-fipronil (10 mg kg(-1) b.w.) was given to rats, the proportion of dose eliminated in urine and feces 72 h after dosing was ca 4% for each route. At the end of the experiment the highest levels of radioactivity were found in adipose tissue and adrenals. The main part of the radioactivity present in investigated tissues (adipose tissue, adrenals, liver, kidney, testes) was due to fipronil-sulfone. Five additional metabolites, isolated from urine were characterized by LC-MS/MS. Most of them are formed by the loss of the trifluoromethylsulphinyl group and subsequent hydroxylation and/or conjugation to glucuronic acid or sulfate. In conclusion, the retention of the metabolite fipronil sulfone in tissues following fipronil administration raises the question of the potential toxicity of this insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Cravedi
- INRA, UMR1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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Kataoka H, Inoue T, Ikekita N, Saito K. Development of exposure assessment method based on the analysis of urinary heterocyclic amines as biomarkers by on-line in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:2171-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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190
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Lee HJ, Wu K, Cox DG, Hunter D, Hankinson SE, Willett WC, Sinha R, Cho E. Polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing genes, intakes of heterocyclic amines and red meat, and postmenopausal breast cancer. Nutr Cancer 2013; 65:1122-31. [PMID: 24099317 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.824991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are mutagenic compounds generated when meats are cooked at high temperature and for long duration. The findings from previous studies on the relation between HCAs and breast cancer are inconsistent, possibly because of genetic variations in the enzymes metabolizing HCAs. To evaluate whether the associations of intakes of estimated HCAs, meat-derived mutagenicity (MDM), and red meat with risk of postmenopausal breast cancer were modified by N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) acetylator genotype or cytochrome P450 1A2-164 A/C (CYP1A2) polymorphism, we conducted a nested case-control study with 579 cases and 981 controls within a prospective cohort, the Nurses' Health Study. HCAs and MDM intakes were derived using a cooking method questionnaire administered in 1996. NAT2acetylator genotype, the CYP1A2 polymorphism, and intakes of HCAs, MDM, and red meat were not associated with risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. There was also no interaction between NAT2 acetylator genotype or CYP1A2 polymorphism and HCAs and MDM and red meat intake in relation to breast cancer. These results do not support the hypothesis that genetic polymorphisms of xenobiotic enzymes involved in the metabolism of HCAs may modify the associations between intakes of red meat or meat-related mutagens and breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Jeung Lee
- a Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
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191
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Nauwelaërs G, Bellamri M, Fessard V, Turesky RJ, Langouët S. DNA adducts of the tobacco carcinogens 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole and 4-aminobiphenyl are formed at environmental exposure levels and persist in human hepatocytes. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:1367-77. [PMID: 23898916 PMCID: PMC3904354 DOI: 10.1021/tx4002226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic amines and structurally related heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are produced during the combustion of tobacco or during the high-temperature cooking of meat. Exposure to some of these chemicals may contribute to the etiology of several common types of human cancers. 2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) is the most abundant HAA formed in mainstream tobacco smoke: it arises in amounts that are 25-100 times greater than the levels of the arylamine, 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP), a human carcinogen. 2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) is a prevalent HAA formed in cooked meats. AαC and MeIQx are rodent carcinogens; however, their carcinogenic potency in humans is unknown. A preliminary assessment of the carcinogenic potential of these HAAs in humans was conducted by examining the capacity of primary human hepatocytes to form DNA adducts of AαC and MeIQx, in comparison to 4-ABP, followed by the kinetics of DNA adduct removal by cellular enzyme repair systems. The principal DNA adducts formed were N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl) (dG-C8) adducts. Comparable levels of DNA adducts were formed with AαC and 4-ABP, whereas adduct formation was ∼5-fold lower for MeIQx. dG-C8-AαC and dG-C8-4-ABP were formed at comparable levels in a concentration-dependent manner in human hepatocytes treated with procarcinogens over a 10,000-fold concentration range (1 nM-10 μM). Pretreatment of hepatocytes with furafylline, a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A2, resulted in a strong diminution of DNA adducts signifying that P450 1A2 is a major P450 isoform involved in bioactivation of these procarcinogens. The kinetics of adduct removal varied for each hepatocyte donor. Approximately half of the DNA adducts were removed within 24 h of treatment; however, the remaining lesions persisted over 5 days. The high levels of AαC present in tobacco smoke and its propensity to form persistent DNA adducts in human hepatocytes suggest that AαC can contribute to DNA damage and the risk of hepatocellular cancer in smokers.
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192
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Genotoxicity and induction of DNA damage responsive genes by food-borne heterocyclic aromatic amines in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 59:386-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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193
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Kataoka H, Inoue T, Saito K, Kato H, Masuda K. Analysis of heterocyclic amines in hair by on-line in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 786:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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194
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Berber U, Yilmaz I, Yilmaz O, Haholu A, Kucukodaci Z, Ates F, Demirel D. CYP1A1 (Ile462Val), CYP1B1 (Ala119Ser and Val432Leu), GSTM1 (null), and GSTT1 (null) Polymorphisms and Bladder Cancer Risk in a Turkish Population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:3925-9. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.6.3925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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195
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Vaidyanathan VG, Liang F, Beard WA, Shock DD, Wilson SH, Cho BP. Insights into the conformation of aminofluorene-deoxyguanine adduct in a DNA polymerase active site. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:23573-85. [PMID: 23798703 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.476150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The active site conformation of the mutagenic fluoroaminofluorene-deoxyguanine adduct (dG-FAF, N-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-7-fluoro-2-aminofluorene) has been investigated in the presence of Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I (Kfexo(-)) and DNA polymerase β (pol β) using (19)F NMR, insertion assay, and surface plasmon resonance. In a single nucleotide gap, the dG-FAF adduct adopts both a major-groove- oriented and base-displaced stacked conformation, and this heterogeneity is retained upon binding pol β. The addition of a non-hydrolysable 2'-deoxycytosine-5'-[(α,β)-methyleno]triphosphate (dCMPcPP) nucleotide analog to the binary complex results in an increase of the major groove conformation of the adduct at the expense of the stacked conformation. Similar results were obtained with the addition of an incorrect dAMPcPP analog but with formation of the minor groove binding conformer. In contrast, dG-FAF adduct at the replication fork for the Kfexo(-) complex adopts a mix of the major and minor groove conformers with minimal effect upon the addition of non-hydrolysable nucleotides. For pol β, the insertion of dCTP was preferred opposite the dG-FAF adduct in a single nucleotide gap assay consistent with (19)F NMR data. Surface plasmon resonance binding kinetics revealed that pol β binds tightly with DNA in the presence of correct dCTP, but the adduct weakens binding with no nucleotide specificity. These results provide molecular insights into the DNA binding characteristics of FAF in the active site of DNA polymerases and the role of DNA structure and sequence on its coding potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidyanathan G Vaidyanathan
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, USA
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196
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Tang Y, Kassie F, Qian X, Ansha B, Turesky RJ. DNA adduct formation of 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole and 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline in mouse liver and extrahepatic tissues during a subchronic feeding study. Toxicol Sci 2013; 133:248-58. [PMID: 23535364 PMCID: PMC3663563 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a risk factor for cancers of the liver and gastrointestinal (GI) tract, but the causal agents responsible for these cancers are uncertain. 2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) is an abundant heterocyclic aromatic amine present in tobacco smoke. AαC is a liver carcinogen and both a transgene mutagen and inducer of aberrant crypt foci in the colon of mice. We hypothesize that AαC may contribute to DNA damage and tumorigenesis in these organs of smokers. The potential of AαC to induce DNA adduct formation in liver, organs of the GI tract, lung, and urinary bladder, which are target organs of cancer in smokers, was examined using the C57BL/6 mouse as an animal model. AαC (400 or 800 ppm) and 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ) (300 ppm), a liver and colon carcinogen in C57BL/6 mice, were given in the diet for up to 12 weeks. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was employed to measure DNA adducts. The major DNA adducts of both carcinogens were identified as deoxyguanosine-C8 adducts. The levels of formation of AαC- and MeIQ-DNA adducts were similar in liver and extrahepatic tissues when adjusted for dose. The highest levels of adducts occurred in liver, followed by urinary bladder, and then in cecum and colon; lower DNA adduct levels were formed in the lung and pancreas following 12 weeks of feeding. The high levels of AαC adduct formed in liver, GI tract, and bladder of C57BL/6 mice reinforce the notion that AαC may contribute to DNA damage and cancer of these organs in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Tang
- *Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12201; and
| | - Fekadu Kassie
- Masonic Cancer Center and
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Robert J. Turesky
- *Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12201; and
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197
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Byberg R, Cobb J, Martin LD, Thompson RW, Camesano TA, Zahraa O, Pons MN. Comparison of photocatalytic degradation of dyes in relation to their structure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:3570-81. [PMID: 23423868 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytic degradation of a series of six acid dyes (Direct Red 80, Direct Red 81, Direct Red 23, Direct Violet 51, Direct Yellow 27, and Direct Yellow 50) has been tested compared in terms of color removal, mineralization, and toxicity (Lactuca sativa L. test) after photocatalysis on immobilized titanium dioxide. The dyes were examined at their natural pH and after hydrolysis at pH 12. Results show that hydrolysis decreases strongly the efficiency of color removal, that full mineralization takes much longer reaction time than color removal, and that toxicity is only very partially reduced. Some structural parameters, related to the structure and the topology of the dye molecules, could be correlated with the apparent color removal rates at natural pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Byberg
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés-CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001, Nancy cedex, France
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198
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Wang K, Guengerich FP. Reduction of aromatic and heterocyclic aromatic N-hydroxylamines by human cytochrome P450 2S1. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:993-1004. [PMID: 23682735 DOI: 10.1021/tx400139p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Many aromatic amines and heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are known carcinogens for animals, and there is also strong evidence of some in human cancer. The activation of these compounds, including some arylamine drugs, involves N-hydroxylation, usually by cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450) in Family 1 (1A2, 1A1, and 1B1). We previously demonstrated that the bioactivation product of the anticancer agent 2-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-5-fluorobenzothiazole (5F 203), an N-hydroxylamine, can be reduced by P450 2S1 to its amine precursor under anaerobic conditions and, to a lesser extent, under aerobic conditions [Wang, K., and Guengerich, F. P. (2012) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 25, 1740-1751]. In the study presented here, we tested the hypothesis that P450 2S1 is involved in the reductive biotransformation of known carcinogenic aromatic amines and HAAs. The N-hydroxylamines of 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP), 2-naphthylamine (2-NA), and 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) were synthesized and found to be reduced by P450 2S1 under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The formation of amines due to P450 2S1 reduction also occurred under aerobic conditions but was less apparent because the competitive disproportionation reactions (of the N-hydroxylamines) also yielded amines. Further, some nitroso and nitro derivatives of the arylamines could also be reduced by P450 2S1. None of the amines tested were oxidized by P450 2S1. These results suggest that P450 2S1 may be involved in the reductive detoxication of several of the activated products of carcinogenic aromatic amines and HAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, 638 Robinson Research Building, 2200 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, USA
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199
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Micha R, Michas G, Mozaffarian D. Unprocessed red and processed meats and risk of coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes--an updated review of the evidence. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2013; 14:515-24. [PMID: 23001745 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-012-0282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that effects of red meat consumption on coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes could vary depending on processing. We reviewed the evidence for effects of unprocessed (fresh/frozen) red and processed (using sodium/other preservatives) meat consumption on CHD and diabetes. In meta-analyses of prospective cohorts, higher risk of CHD is seen with processed meat consumption (RR per 50 g: 1.42, 95 %CI = 1.07-1.89), but a smaller increase or no risk is seen with unprocessed meat consumption. Differences in sodium content (~400 % higher in processed meat) appear to account for about two-thirds of this risk difference. In similar analyses, both unprocessed red and processed meat consumption are associated with incident diabetes, with higher risk per g of processed (RR per 50 g: 1.51, 95 %CI = 1.25-1.83) versus unprocessed (RR per 100 g: 1.19, 95 % CI = 1.04-1.37) meats. Contents of heme iron and dietary cholesterol may partly account for these associations. The overall findings suggest that neither unprocessed red nor processed meat consumption is beneficial for cardiometabolic health, and that clinical and public health guidance should especially prioritize reducing processed meat consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Micha
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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200
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Kosaki Y, Izawa H, Ishihara S, Kawakami K, Sumita M, Tateyama Y, Ji Q, Krishnan V, Hishita S, Yamauchi Y, Hill JP, Vinu A, Shiratori S, Ariga K. Nanoporous carbon sensor with cage-in-fiber structure: highly selective aniline adsorbent toward cancer risk management. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:2930-4. [PMID: 23574358 DOI: 10.1021/am400940q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanocage-embedded nanofibrous film works as a highly selective adsorbent of carcinogen aromatic amines. By using quartz crystal microbalance techniques, even ppm levels of aniline can be repetitively detected, while other chemical compounds such as water, ammonia, and benzene give negligible responses. This technique should be applicable for high-throughput cancer risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kosaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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