151
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Kim S, Yang L, Kim S, Lee RG, Graham MJ, Berliner JA, Lusis AJ, Cai L, Temel RE, Rateri DL, Lee S. Targeting hepatic heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) induces anti-hyperlipidemia leading to reduction of angiotensin II-induced aneurysm development. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182566. [PMID: 28792970 PMCID: PMC5549937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The upregulated expression of heparin binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) in the vessel and circulation is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we tested the effects of HB-EGF targeting using HB-EGF-specific antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) on the development of aortic aneurysm in a mouse aneurysm model. Approach and results Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) deficient mice (male, 16 weeks of age) were injected with control and HB-EGF ASOs for 10 weeks. To induce aneurysm, the mice were fed a high fat diet (22% fat, 0.2% cholesterol; w/w) at 5 week point of ASO administration and infused with angiotensin II (AngII, 1,000ng/kg/min) for the last 4 weeks of ASO administration. We confirmed that the HB-EGF ASO administration significantly downregulated HB-EGF expression in multiple tissues including the liver. Importantly, the HB-EGF ASO administration significantly suppressed development of aortic aneurysms including thoracic and abdominal types. Interestingly, the HB-EGF ASO administration induced a remarkable anti-hyperlipidemic effect by suppressing very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) level in the blood. Mechanistically, the HB-EGF targeting suppressed hepatic VLDL secretion rate without changing heparin-releasable plasma triglyceride (TG) hydrolytic activity or fecal neutral cholesterol excretion rate. Conclusion This result suggested that the HB-EGF targeting induced protection against aneurysm development through anti-hyperlipidemic effects. Suppression of hepatic VLDL production process appears to be a key mechanism for the anti-hyperlipidemic effects by the HB-EGF targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonwook Kim
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Lihua Yang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Seongu Kim
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Richard G. Lee
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group at the Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California, United States of America
| | - Mark J. Graham
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group at the Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California, United States of America
| | - Judith A. Berliner
- Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lei Cai
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Ryan E. Temel
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Debra L. Rateri
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Sangderk Lee
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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152
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GPCRs and EGFR – Cross-talk of membrane receptors in cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3611-3620. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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153
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Single-molecule imaging reveals the stoichiometry change of epidermal growth factor receptor during transactivation by β2-adrenergic receptor. Sci China Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-017-9072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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154
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Thornton KJ, Kamanga-Sollo E, White ME, Dayton WR. Active G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), matrix metalloproteinases 2/9 (MMP2/9), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (hbEGF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), erbB2, and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) are necessary for trenbolone acetate-induced alterations in protein turnover rate of fused bovine satellite cell cultures. J Anim Sci 2017; 94:2332-43. [PMID: 27285910 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trenbolone acetate (TBA), a testosterone analog, increases protein synthesis and decreases protein degradation in fused bovine satellite cell (BSC) cultures. However, the mechanism through which TBA alters these processes remains unknown. Recent studies indicate that androgens improve rate and extent of muscle growth through a nongenomic mechanism involving G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (hbEGF), the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), erbB2, and the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R). We hypothesized that TBA activates GPCR, resulting in activation of MMP2/9 that releases hbEGF, which activates the EGFR and/or erbB2. To determine whether the proposed nongenomic pathway is involved in TBA-mediated alterations in protein turnover, fused BSC cultures were treated with TBA in the presence or absence of inhibitors for GPCR, MMP2/9, hbEGF, EGFR, erbB2, or IGF-1R, and resultant protein synthesis and degradation rates were analyzed. Assays were replicated at least 9 times for each inhibitor experiment utilizing BSC cultures obtained from at least 3 different steers that had no previous exposure to steroid compounds. As expected, fused BSC cultures treated with 10 n TBA exhibited increased ( < 0.05) protein synthesis rates and decreased ( < 0.05) protein degradation rates when compared to control cultures. Treatment of fused BSC cultures with 10 n TBA in the presence of inhibitors for GPCR, MMP2/9, hbEGF, EGFR, erbB2, or IGF-1R suppressed ( < 0.05) TBA-mediated increases in protein synthesis rate. Alternatively, inhibition of GPCR, MMP2/9, hbEGF, EGFR, erbB2, or IGF-1R in the presence of 10 n TBA each had no ( > 0.05) effect on TBA-mediated decreases in protein degradation. However, inhibition of both EGFR and erbB2 in the presence of 10 n TBA resulted in decreased ( < 0.05) ability of TBA to decrease protein degradation rate. Additionally, fused BSC cultures treated with 10 n TBA exhibit increased ( < 0.05) pAKT protein levels. These data indicate the TBA-mediated increases in protein synthesis likely involve GPCR, MMP2/9, hbEGF, EGFR, erbB2, and IGF-1R. However, the mechanism through which TBA mediates changes in protein degradation is different and appears to involve only the EGFR and erbB2. Furthermore, it appears the protein kinase B pathway is involved in TBA's effects on fused BSC cultures.
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155
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Yu-Taeger L, Bonin M, Stricker-Shaver J, Riess O, Nguyen HHP. Dysregulation of gene expression in the striatum of BACHD rats expressing full-length mutant huntingtin and associated abnormalities on molecular and protein levels. Neuropharmacology 2017; 117:260-272. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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156
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Xia S, He C, Zhu Y, Wang S, Li H, Zhang Z, Jiang X, Liu J. GABA BR-Induced EGFR Transactivation Promotes Migration of Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:265-277. [PMID: 28424220 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.107854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) act in concert to regulate cell growth, proliferation, survival, and migration. Metabotropic GABAB receptor (GABABR) is the GPCR for the main inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the central nervous system. Increased expression of GABABR has been detected in human cancer tissues and cancer cell lines, but the role of GABABR in these cells is controversial and the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether GABABR hijacks RTK signaling to modulate the fates of human prostate cancer cells. RTK array analysis revealed that the GABABR-specific agonist baclofen selectively induced the transactivation of EGFR in PC-3 cells. EGFR transactivation resulted in the activation of ERK1/2 by a mechanism that is dependent on Gi/o protein and that requires matrix metalloproteinase-mediated proligand shedding. Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of GABABR, such as CGP7930, rac-BHFF, and GS39783, can function as PAM agonists to induce EGFR transactivation and subsequent ERK1/2 activation. Moreover, both baclofen and CGP7930 promoted cell migration and invasion through EGFR signaling. In summary, our observations demonstrated that GABABR transactivated EGFR in a ligand-dependent mechanism to promote prostate cancer cell migration and invasion, thus providing new insights into developing a novel strategy for prostate cancer treatment by targeting neurotransmitter signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xia
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong He
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yini Zhu
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Suyun Wang
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiping Li
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongling Zhang
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinnong Jiang
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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157
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Turunen SP, Tatti-Bugaeva O, Lehti K. Membrane-type matrix metalloproteases as diverse effectors of cancer progression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:1974-1988. [PMID: 28390905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-type matrix metalloproteases (MT-MMP) are pivotal regulators of cell invasion, growth and survival. Tethered to the cell membranes by a transmembrane domain or GPI-anchor, the six MT-MMPs can exert these functions via cell surface-associated extracellular matrix degradation or proteolytic protein processing, including shedding or release of signaling receptors, adhesion molecules, growth factors and other pericellular proteins. By interactions with signaling scaffold or cytoskeleton, the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of the transmembrane MT-MMPs further extends their functionality to signaling or structural relay. MT-MMPs are differentially expressed in cancer. The most extensively studied MMP14/MT1-MMP is induced in various cancers along malignant transformation via pathways activated by mutations in tumor suppressors or proto-oncogenes and changes in tumor microenvironment including cellular heterogeneity, extracellular matrix composition, tissue oxygenation, and inflammation. Classically such induction involves transcriptional programs related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Besides inhibition by endogenous tissue inhibitors, MT-MMP activities are spatially and timely regulated at multiple levels by microtubular vesicular trafficking, dimerization/oligomerization, other interactions and localization in the actin-based invadosomes, in both tumor and the stroma. The functions of MT-MMPs are multifaceted within reciprocal cellular responses in the evolving tumor microenvironment, which poses the importance of these proteases beyond the central function as matrix scissors, and necessitates us to rethink MT-MMPs as dynamic signaling proteases of cancer. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Matrix Metalloproteinases edited by Rafael Fridman.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pauliina Turunen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Nobels väg 16, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olga Tatti-Bugaeva
- Research Programs Unit, Genome-Scale Biology and Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Lehti
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Nobels väg 16, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Research Programs Unit, Genome-Scale Biology and Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; K. Albin Johansson Foundation, Finnish Cancer Institute, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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158
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Moody TW, Ramos-Alvarez I, Moreno P, Mantey SA, Ridnour L, Wink D, Jensen RT. Endothelin causes transactivation of the EGFR and HER2 in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Peptides 2017; 90:90-99. [PMID: 28153500 PMCID: PMC5421360 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Endothelin (ET)-1 is an important peptide in cancer progression stimulating cellular proliferation, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. ET-1 binds with high affinity to the ETA receptor (R) and ETBR on cancer cells. High levels of tumor ET-1 and ETAR are associated with poor survival of lung cancer patients. Here the effects of ET-1 on epidermal growth factor (EGF)R and HER2 transactivation were investigated using non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. ETAR mRNA was present in all 10 NSCLC cell lines examined. Addition of ET-1 to NCI-H838 or H1975 cells increased EGFR, HER2 and ERK tyrosine phosphorylation within 2min. The increase in EGFR and HER2 transactivation caused by ET-1 addition to NSCLC cells was inhibited by lapatinib (EGFR and HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)), gefitinib (EGFR TKI), ZD4054 or BQ-123 (ETAR antagonist), GM6001 (matrix metalloprotease inhibitor), PP2 (Src inhibitor) or Tiron (superoxide scavenger). ET-1 addition to NSCLC cells increased cytosolic Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species. ET-1 increased NSCLC clonal growth, whereas BQ123, ZD4054, lapatinib or gefitinib inhibited proliferation. The results indicate that ET-1 may regulate NSCLC cellular proliferation in an EGFR- and HER2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Office of the Director, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Paula Moreno
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Samuel A Mantey
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Lisa Ridnour
- National Cancer Institute, Cancer Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - David Wink
- National Cancer Institute, Cancer Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Robert T Jensen
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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159
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Doçi CL, Mikelis CM, Callejas-Valera JL, Hansen KK, Molinolo AA, Inoue A, Offermanns S, Gutkind JS. Epidermal loss of Gαq confers a migratory and differentiation defect in keratinocytes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173692. [PMID: 28301547 PMCID: PMC5354386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which activate heterotrimeric G proteins, are an essential class of transmembrane receptors that are responsible for a myriad of signaling events in normal and pathologic conditions. Two members of the G protein family, Gαq and Gα11, activate one of the main GPCR pathways and function as oncogenes by integrating mitogen-stimulated signaling cascades that are active under malignant conditions. Recently, it has been shown that targeted deletion of Gα11 and Gαq from endothelial cells impairs the Rho-mediated formation of focal adherens junctions, suggesting that Gα11/q signaling may also play a significant role in cytoskeletal-mediated cellular responses in epithelial cells. Indeed, combined deletion of Gα11 and Gαq confers a significant migratory defect in keratinocytes that delays cutaneous wound healing in an in vivo setting. This delay can be attributed to a defect during the reepithelialization phase due to significantly attenuated migratory capacity of Gαq-null keratinocytes under combined Gα11 deficiency. In fact, cells lacking Gα11/q demonstrate a severely reduced ability to respond to mitogenic and migratory signals in the microenvironment, leading to inappropriate and premature terminal differentiation. These results suggest that Gα11/q signaling pathways may be critical for integrating mitogenic signals and cytoskeletal function to achieve normal physiological responses. Emergence of a malignant phenotype may therefore arise from both under- and overexpression of Gα11/q signaling, implicating its upstream regulation as a potential therapeutic target in a host of pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen L. Doçi
- College of Arts and Sciences, Marian University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Constantinos M. Mikelis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
| | - Juan Luis Callejas-Valera
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Karina K. Hansen
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alfredo A. Molinolo
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - J. Silvio Gutkind
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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160
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Omoto Y, Higa-Nakamine S, Higa A, Yamamoto H. ErbB4 cleavage by gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor stimulation in cultured gonadotroph cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 799:171-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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161
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Coleman JLJ, Ngo T, Smith NJ. The G protein-coupled receptor N-terminus and receptor signalling: N-tering a new era. Cell Signal 2017; 33:1-9. [PMID: 28188824 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a vast family of membrane-traversing proteins, essential to the ability of eukaryotic life to detect, and mount an intracellular response to, a diverse range of extracellular stimuli. GPCRs have evolved with archetypal features including an extracellular N-terminus and intracellular C-terminus that flank a transmembrane structure of seven sequential helices joined by intracellular and extracellular loops. These structural domains contribute to the ability of a GPCR to be correctly synthesised and inserted into the cell membrane, to interact with its cognate ligand(s) and to couple with signal-transducing heterotrimeric G proteins, allowing the activated receptor to selectively modulate a number of signalling cascades. Whilst well known for its importance in receptor translation and trafficking, the GPCR N-terminus is underexplored as a participant in receptor signalling. This review aims to discuss and integrate recent advances in knowledge of the vital roles of the GPCR N-terminus in receptor signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L J Coleman
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | - Tony Ngo
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Nicola J Smith
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia.
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162
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Villegas-Comonfort S, Takei Y, Tsujimoto G, Hirasawa A, García-Sáinz JA. Effects of arachidonic acid on FFA4 receptor: Signaling, phosphorylation and internalization. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017; 117:1-10. [PMID: 28237082 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid increased intracellular calcium, in cells expressing green fluorescent protein-tagged human FFA4 receptors, with an EC50 of ~40µM. This action was not blocked by cyclooxygenase or lipoxigenase inhibitors but it was inhibited by AH7614, a FFA4 antagonist. Arachidonic acid induced ERK activation accompanied by EGF receptor transactivation. However, EGF transactivation was not the major mechanism through which the fatty acid induced ERK phosphorylation, as evidenced by the inability of AG1478 to block it. Arachidonic acid increased FFA4 receptor phosphorylation that reached its maximum within 15min with an EC50 of ~30µM; inhibitors of protein kinase C partially diminish this effect and AH7614 blocked it. Arachidonic acid induced rapid and sustained Akt/PKB phosphorylation and FFA4 - β-arrestin interaction. Confocal microscopy evidenced that FFA4 receptor activation and phosphorylation were associated to internalization. In conclusion, arachidonic acid is a bona fide FFA4 receptor agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Villegas-Comonfort
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ap., Postal 70-248, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Y Takei
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - G Tsujimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - A Hirasawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - J A García-Sáinz
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ap., Postal 70-248, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
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163
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Shen M, Morton J, Davidge ST, Kassiri Z. Loss of smooth muscle cell disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 transiently suppresses angiotensin II-induced hypertension and end-organ damage. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 103:11-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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164
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Kechele DO, Blue RE, Zwarycz B, Espenschied ST, Mah AT, Siegel MB, Perou CM, Ding S, Magness ST, Lund PK, Caron KM. Orphan Gpr182 suppresses ERK-mediated intestinal proliferation during regeneration and adenoma formation. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:593-607. [PMID: 28094771 DOI: 10.1172/jci87588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Orphan GPCRs provide an opportunity to identify potential pharmacological targets, yet their expression patterns and physiological functions remain challenging to elucidate. Here, we have used a genetically engineered knockin reporter mouse to map the expression pattern of the Gpr182 during development and adulthood. We observed that Gpr182 is expressed at the crypt base throughout the small intestine, where it is enriched in crypt base columnar stem cells, one of the most active stem cell populations in the body. Gpr182 knockdown had no effect on homeostatic intestinal proliferation in vivo, but led to marked increases in proliferation during intestinal regeneration following irradiation-induced injury. In the ApcMin mouse model, which forms spontaneous intestinal adenomas, reductions in Gpr182 led to more adenomas and decreased survival. Loss of Gpr182 enhanced organoid growth efficiency ex vivo in an EGF-dependent manner. Gpr182 reduction led to increased activation of ERK1/2 in basal and challenge models, demonstrating a potential role for this orphan GPCR in regulating the proliferative capacity of the intestine. Importantly, GPR182 expression was profoundly reduced in numerous human carcinomas, including colon adenocarcinoma. Together, these results implicate Gpr182 as a negative regulator of intestinal MAPK signaling-induced proliferation, particularly during regeneration and adenoma formation.
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165
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Poloz Y, Dowling RJO, Stambolic V. Fundamental Pathways in Breast Cancer 1: Signaling from the Membrane. Breast Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48848-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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166
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Harun-Or-Rashid M, Konjusha D, Galindo-Romero C, Hallböök F. Endothelin B Receptors on Primary Chicken Müller Cells and the Human MIO-M1 Müller Cell Line Activate ERK Signaling via Transactivation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167778. [PMID: 27930693 PMCID: PMC5145189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Injury to the eye or retina triggers Müller cells, the major glia cell of the retina, to dedifferentiate and proliferate. In some species they attain retinal progenitor properties and have the capacity to generate new neurons. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) system and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling are key regulators of these processes in Müller cells. The extracellular signals that modulate and control these processes are not fully understood. In this work we studied whether endothelin receptor signaling can activate EGFR and ERK signaling in Müller cells. Endothelin expression is robustly upregulated at retinal injury and endothelin receptors have been shown to transactivate EGFRs in other cell types. We analyzed the endothelin signaling system in chicken retina and cultured primary chicken Müller cells as well as the human Müller cell line MIO-M1. The Müller cells were stimulated with receptor agonists and treated with specific blockers to key enzymes in the signaling pathway or with siRNAs. We focused on endothelin receptor mediated transactivation of EGFRs by using western blot analysis, quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and immunocytochemistry. The results showed that chicken Müller cells and the human Müller cell line MIO-M1 express endothelin receptor B. Stimulation by the endothelin receptor B agonist IRL1620 triggered phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and autophosphorylation of (Y1173) EGFR. The effects could be blocked by Src-kinase inhibitors (PP1, PP2), EGFR-inhibitor (AG1478), EGFR-siRNA and by inhibitors to extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (GM6001), consistent with a Src-kinase mediated endothelin receptor response that engage ligand-dependent and ligand-independent EGFR activation. Our data suggest a mechanism for how injury-induced endothelins, produced in the retina, may modulate the Müller cell responses by Src-mediated transactivation of EGFRs. The data give support to a view in which endothelins among several other functions, serve as an injury-signal that regulate the gliotic response of Müller cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dardan Konjusha
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Finn Hallböök
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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167
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Ren GY, Chen CY, Chen WG, Huang Y, Qin LQ, Chen LH. The treatment effects of flaxseed-derived secoisolariciresinol diglycoside and its metabolite enterolactone on benign prostatic hyperplasia involve the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:1303-1310. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), a lignan extracted from flaxseed, has been shown to suppress benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, little is known about the mechanistic basis for its anti-BPH activity. The present study showed that enterolactone (ENL), the mammalian metabolite of SDG, shared the similar binding site of G1 on a new type of membranous estrogen receptor, G-protein-coupled estrogen eceptor 1 (GPER), by docking simulations method. ENL and G1 (the specific agonist of GPER) inhibited the proliferation of human prostate stromal cell line WPMY-1 as shown by MTT assay and arrested cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, which was displayed by propidium iodide staining following flow cytometer examination. Silencing GPER by short interfering RNA attenuated the inhibitory effect of ENL on WPMY-1 cells. The therapeutic potential of SDG in the treatment of BPH was confirmed in a testosterone propionate-induced BPH rat model. SDG significantly reduced the enlargement of the rat prostate and the number of papillary projections of prostatic alveolus and thickness of the pseudostratified epithelial and stromal cells when comparing with the model group. Mechanistic studies showed that SDG and ENL increased the expression of GPER both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, ENL-induced cell cycle arrest may be mediated by the activation of GPER/ERK pathway and subsequent upregulation of p53 and p21 and downregulation of cyclin D1. This work, in tandem with previous studies, will enhance our knowledge regarding the mechanism(s) of dietary phytochemicals on BPH prevention and ultimately expand the scope of adopting alternative approaches in BPH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Yu Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou 215123, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, 188 Shizi street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chun-Yang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou 215123, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, 188 Shizi street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wei-Guo Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, 188 Shizi street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li-Hua Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou 215123, China
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168
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Jain R, Watson U, Saini DK. ERK activated by Histamine H1 receptor is anti-proliferative through spatial restriction in the cytosol. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:623-634. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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169
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Vacas E, Muñoz-Moreno L, Valenzuela PL, Prieto JC, Schally AV, Carmena MJ, Bajo AM. Growth hormone-releasing hormone induced transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor in human triple-negative breast cancer cells. Peptides 2016; 86:153-161. [PMID: 27816751 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subset of breast cancers which is negative for expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). Chemotherapy is currently the only form of treatment for women with TNBC. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are autocrine/paracrine growth factors in breast cancer and a substantial proportion of TNBC expresses receptors for GHRH and EGF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interrelationship between both these signaling pathways in MDA-MB-468 human TNBC cells. We evaluated by Western blot assays the effect of GHRH on transactivation of EGF receptor (EGFR) as well as the elements implicated. We assessed the effect of GHRH on migration capability of MDA-MB-468 cells as well as the involvement of EGFR in this process by means of wound-healing assays. Our findings demonstrate that in MDA-MB-468 cells the stimulatory activity of GHRH on tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR is exerted by two different molecular mechanisms: i) through GHRH receptors, GHRH stimulates a ligand-independent activation of EGFR involving at least cAMP/PKA and Src family signaling pathways; ii) GHRH also stimulates a ligand-dependent activation of EGFR implicating an extracellular pathway with an important role for metalloproteinases. The cross-talk between EGFR and GHRHR may be impeded by combining drugs acting upon GHRH receptors and EGFR family members. This combination of GHRH receptors antagonists with inhibitors of EGFR signalling could enhance the efficacy of both types of agents as well as reduce their doses increasing therapeutic benefits in management of human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vacas
- Department of Systems of Biology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura Muñoz-Moreno
- Department of Systems of Biology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Pedro L Valenzuela
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Principe de Asturias Hospital, Alcalá de Henares University, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C Prieto
- Department of Systems of Biology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Andrew V Schally
- Veterans Administration Medical Center and Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and South Florida Veterans Affairs Foundation for Research and Education, Miami, FL, USA
| | - María J Carmena
- Department of Systems of Biology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Ana M Bajo
- Department of Systems of Biology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
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170
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Hunyady L, Gáborik Z, Vauquelin G, Catt KJ. Review: Structural requirements for signalling and regulation of AT1-receptors. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2016; 2:S16-S23. [DOI: 10.1177/14703203010020010301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University Medical
School, Budapest, Hungary,
| | - Zsuzsanna Gáborik
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University Medical
School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Georges Vauquelin
- Department of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology,
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Free University of Brussels
(VUB), Sint-Genesius Rode, Belgium
| | - Kevin J Catt
- Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Branch, National
Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, USA
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171
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Borahay MA, Asoglu MR, Mas A, Adam S, Kilic GS, Al-Hendy A. Estrogen Receptors and Signaling in Fibroids: Role in Pathobiology and Therapeutic Implications. Reprod Sci 2016; 24:1235-1244. [PMID: 27872195 DOI: 10.1177/1933719116678686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Uterine fibroids are the most common gynecologic tumors with a significant medical and financial burden. Several genetic, hormonal, and biological factors have been shown to contribute to the development and growth of fibroid tumors. Of these factors, estrogen is particularly critical since fibroids are considered estrogen dependent because no prepubertal cases have been described in the literature and tumors tend to regress after menopause. Understanding the role of estrogen in fibroids is not only important for understanding the pathobiology of fibroids but also for the development of successful therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the types and structure of estrogen receptors (nuclear and membrane bound, including α and β receptors and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 GPER1). Estrogen-signaling pathways in fibroids include genomic (direct and indirect) and nongenomic including Ras-Raf-MEK (MAPK/Erk Kinase)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)-Akt (Protein kinase B)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways; shortly Ras-Raf-MEK-MAPK and PI3K-PIP3-Akt-mTOR pathways. Several aberrations in estrogen receptors and signaling pathways are implicated in fibroid pathobiology. Current therapeutic and research agents targeting ERs/signaling include gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, GnRH antagonists, aromatase inhibitors, selective ER modulators, gene therapy, and others. Future research can identify potential targets for the development of novel treatments. In particular, epigenomics of estrogen activity and individualized (precision) medicine appear to be attractive areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Borahay
- 1 Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,2 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Mehmet R Asoglu
- 2 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Aymara Mas
- 3 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Adam
- 4 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mercer University, Macon, GA, USA
| | - Gokhan S Kilic
- 2 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- 3 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
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172
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Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Activation of EGFR As a Novel Target for Meningitic Escherichia coli Penetration of the Blood-Brain Barrier. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005926. [PMID: 27711202 PMCID: PMC5053521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) infection continues to be an important cause of mortality and morbidity, necessitating new approaches for investigating its pathogenesis, prevention and therapy. Escherichia coli is the most common Gram-negative bacillary organism causing meningitis, which develops following penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). By chemical library screening, we identified epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a contributor to E. coli invasion of the BBB in vitro. Here, we obtained the direct evidence that CNS-infecting E. coli exploited sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) for EGFR activation in penetration of the BBB in vitro and in vivo. We found that S1P was upstream of EGFR and participated in EGFR activation through S1P receptor as well as through S1P-mediated up-regulation of EGFR-related ligand HB-EGF, and blockade of S1P function through targeting sphingosine kinase and S1P receptor inhibited EGFR activation, and also E. coli invasion of the BBB. We further found that both S1P and EGFR activations occurred in response to the same E. coli proteins (OmpA, FimH, NlpI), and that S1P and EGFR promoted E. coli invasion of the BBB by activating the downstream c-Src. These findings indicate that S1P and EGFR represent the novel host targets for meningitic E. coli penetration of the BBB, and counteracting such targets provide a novel approach for controlling E. coli meningitis in the era of increasing resistance to conventional antibiotics.
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173
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Cizmecioglu O, Ni J, Xie S, Zhao JJ, Roberts TM. Rac1-mediated membrane raft localization of PI3K/p110β is required for its activation by GPCRs or PTEN loss. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27700986 PMCID: PMC5050018 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to understand how spatial compartmentalization in the plasma membrane might contribute to the functions of the ubiquitous class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms, p110α and p110β. We found that p110β localizes to membrane rafts in a Rac1-dependent manner. This localization potentiates Akt activation by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Thus genetic targeting of a Rac1 binding-deficient allele of p110β to rafts alleviated the requirement for p110β-Rac1 association for GPCR signaling, cell growth and migration. In contrast, p110α, which does not play a physiological role in GPCR signaling, is found to reside in nonraft regions of the plasma membrane. Raft targeting of p110α allowed its EGFR-mediated activation by GPCRs. Notably, p110β dependent, PTEN null tumor cells critically rely upon raft-associated PI3K activity. Collectively, our findings provide a mechanistic account of how membrane raft localization regulates differential activation of distinct PI3K isoforms and offer insight into why PTEN-deficient cancers depend on p110β. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17635.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Cizmecioglu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Shaozhen Xie
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Jean J Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Thomas M Roberts
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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174
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Role of IGF1R(+) MSCs in modulating neuroplasticity via CXCR4 cross-interaction. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32595. [PMID: 27586516 PMCID: PMC5009335 DOI: 10.1038/srep32595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To guide the use of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) toward clinical applications, identifying pluripotent-like-markers for selecting MSCs that retain potent self-renewal-ability should be addressed. Here, an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R)–expressing sub-population in human dental pulp MSCs (hDSCs), displayed multipotent properties. IGF1R expression could be maintained in hDSCs when they were cultured in 2% human cord blood serum (hUCS) in contrast to that in 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). Cytokine array showed that hUCS contained higher amount of several growth factors compared to FCS, including IGF-1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB). These cytokines modulates the signaling events in the hDSCs and potentially enhances engraftment upon transplantation. Specifically, a bidirectional cross-talk between IGF1R/IGF1 and CXCR4/SDF-1α signaling pathways in hDSCs, as revealed by interaction of the two receptors and synergistic activation of both signaling pathways. In rat stroke model, animals receiving IGF1R+ hDSCs transplantation, interaction between IGF1R and CXCR4 was demonstrated to promote neuroplasticity, therefore improving neurological function through increasing glucose metabolic activity, enhancing angiogenesis and anti-inflammatiory effects. Therefore, PDGF in hUCS-culture system contributed to the maintenance of the expression of IGF1R in hDSCs. Furthermore, implantation of IGF1R+ hDSCs exerted enhanced neuroplasticity via integrating inputs from both CXCR4 and IGF1R signaling pathways.
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175
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Vascular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor A Acts via Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor α To Promote Viability of Cells Enduring Hypoxia. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:2314-27. [PMID: 27325673 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01019-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cell growth factor A (VEGF) is a biologically and therapeutically important growth factor because it promotes angiogenesis in response to hypoxia, which underlies a wide variety of both physiological and pathological settings. We report here that both VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2)-positive and -negative cells depended on VEGF to endure hypoxia. VEGF enhanced the viability of platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα)-positive and VEGFR2-negative cells by enabling indirect activation of PDGFRα, thereby reducing the level of p53. We conclude that the breadth of VEGF's influence extends beyond VEGFR-positive cells and propose a plausible mechanistic explanation of this phenomenon.
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176
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Domingue JC, Ao M, Sarathy J, Rao MC. Chenodeoxycholic acid requires activation of EGFR, EPAC, and Ca2+ to stimulate CFTR-dependent Cl- secretion in human colonic T84 cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 311:C777-C792. [PMID: 27558159 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00168.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids are known to initiate intricate signaling events in a variety of tissues, primarily in the liver and gastrointestinal tract. Of the known bile acids, only the 7α-dihydroxy species, deoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and their conjugates, activate processes that stimulate epithelial Cl- secretion. We have previously published that CDCA acts in a rapid manner to stimulate colonic ion secretion via protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated activation of the dominant Cl- channel, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) (Ao M, Sarathy J, Domingue J, Alrefai WA, and Rao MC. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 305: C447-C456, 2013); however, PKA signaling did not account for the entire CDCA response. Here we show that in human colonic T84 cells, CDCA's induction of CFTR activity, measured as changes in short-circuit current (Isc), is dependent on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation and does not involve the bile acid receptors TGR5 or farnesoid X receptor. CDCA activation of Cl- secretion does not require Src, mitogen-activated protein kinases, or phosphoinositide 3-kinase downstream of EGFR but does require an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ In addition to PKA signaling, we found that the CDCA response requires the novel involvement of the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC). EPAC is a known hub for cAMP and Ca2+ cross talk. Downstream of EPAC, CDCA activates Rap2, and changes in free cytosolic Ca2+ were dependent on both EPAC and EGFR activation. This study establishes the complexity of CDCA signaling in the colonic epithelium and shows the contribution of EGFR, EPAC, and Ca2+ in CDCA-induced activation of CFTR-dependent Cl- secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jada C Domingue
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mei Ao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jayashree Sarathy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Biology, Benedictine University, Lisle, Illinois
| | - Mrinalini C Rao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; .,Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
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177
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Syrovatkina V, Alegre KO, Dey R, Huang XY. Regulation, Signaling, and Physiological Functions of G-Proteins. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:3850-68. [PMID: 27515397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins) mainly relay the information from G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the plasma membrane to the inside of cells to regulate various biochemical functions. Depending on the targeted cell types, tissues, and organs, these signals modulate diverse physiological functions. The basic schemes of heterotrimeric G-proteins have been outlined. In this review, we briefly summarize what is known about the regulation, signaling, and physiological functions of G-proteins. We then focus on a few less explored areas such as the regulation of G-proteins by non-GPCRs and the physiological functions of G-proteins that cannot be easily explained by the known G-protein signaling pathways. There are new signaling pathways and physiological functions for G-proteins to be discovered and further interrogated. With the advancements in structural and computational biological techniques, we are closer to having a better understanding of how G-proteins are regulated and of the specificity of G-protein interactions with their regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Syrovatkina
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kamela O Alegre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Raja Dey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xin-Yun Huang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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178
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Endothelin-1: Biosynthesis, Signaling and Vasoreactivity. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2016; 77:143-75. [PMID: 27451097 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is an extremely potent vasoconstrictor peptide originally isolated from endothelial cells. Its synthesis, mainly regulated at the gene transcription level, involves processing of a precursor by a furin-type proprotein convertase to an inactive intermediate, big ET-1. The latter peptide can then be cleaved directly by an endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE) into ET-1 or reach the active metabolite through a two-step process involving chymase hydrolyzing big ET-1 to ET-1 (1-31), itself needing conversion to ET-1 by neprilysin (NEP) to exert physiological activity. ET-1 signals through two G protein-coupled receptors, endothelin receptor A (ETA) and endothelin receptor B (ETB). Both receptors induce an increase in intracellular Ca(2+), mainly from the extracellular space through voltage-independent mechanisms, the receptor-operated channels and store-operated channels. ET-1 also induces signaling through epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation, oxidative stress induction, rho-kinase, and the activation (ETA) or inhibition (ETB) of the adenylate cyclase/cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway. Arterial vasoconstriction is mediated mainly by the ETA receptor. ET-1, via endothelium-located ETB, relaxes arteries or constricts vessels following activation of the same receptor type on the smooth muscle, where it can interact with ETA. In addition, ETB-dependent vasoconstriction seems more prominent in the venous vasculature. A better understanding of how ET-1 is synthesized and how ETA and ETB receptors interact could help design better pharmacological agents in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases where targeting the ET-1 system is indicated.
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179
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Matus CE, Ehrenfeld P, Pavicic F, González CB, Concha M, Bhoola KD, Burgos RA, Figueroa CD. Activation of the human keratinocyte B1 bradykinin receptor induces expression and secretion of metalloproteases 2 and 9 by transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor. Exp Dermatol 2016; 25:694-700. [PMID: 27093919 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The B1 bradykinin receptor (BDKRB1) is a component of the kinin cascade localized in the human skin. Some of the effects produced by stimulation of BDKRB1 depend on transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), but the mechanisms involved in this process have not been clarified yet. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a BDKRB1 agonist on wound healing in a mouse model and the migration and secretion of metalloproteases 2 and 9 from human HaCaT keratinocytes and delineate the signalling pathways that triggered their secretion. Although stimulation of BDKRB1 induces weak chemotactic migration of keratinocytes and wound closure in an in vitro scratch-wound assay, the BDKRB1 agonist improved wound closure in a mouse model. BDKRB1 stimulation triggers synthesis and secretion of both metalloproteases, effects that depend on the activity of EGFR and subsequent phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases and PI3K/Akt. In the mouse model, immunoreactivity for both gelatinases was concentrated around wound borders. EGFR transactivation by BDKRB1 agonist involves Src kinases family and ADAM17. In addition to extracellular matrix degradation, metalloproteases 2 and 9 regulate cell migration and differentiation, cell functions that are associated with the role of BDKRB1 in keratinocyte differentiation. Considering that BDKRB1 is up-regulated by inflammation and/or by cytokines that are abundant in the inflammatory milieu, more stable BDKRB1 agonists may be of therapeutic value to modulate wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola E Matus
- Instituto de Morfofisiología y Farmacología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Pamela Ehrenfeld
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología & Patología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Francisca Pavicic
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología & Patología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Carlos B González
- Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Miguel Concha
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología & Patología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Kanti D Bhoola
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología & Patología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Rafael A Burgos
- Instituto de Morfofisiología y Farmacología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Carlos D Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología & Patología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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180
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Thornton KJ, Kamange-Sollo E, White ME, Dayton WR. Role of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP2 and MMP9), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (hbEGF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), erbB2, and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) in trenbolone acetate-stimulated bovine satellite cell proliferation. J Anim Sci 2016; 93:4291-301. [PMID: 26440329 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Implanting cattle with steroids significantly enhances feed efficiency, rate of gain, and muscle growth. However, the mechanisms responsible for these improvements in muscle growth have not been fully elucidated. Trenbolone acetate (TBA), a testosterone analog, has been shown to increase proliferation rate in bovine satellite cell (BSC) cultures. The classical genomic actions of testosterone have been well characterized; however, our results indicate that TBA may also initiate a quicker, nongenomic response that involves activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) resulting in activation of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP2 and MMP9) that release membrane-bound heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (hbEGF), which then binds to and activates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and/or erbB2. Furthermore, the EGFR has been shown to regulate expression of the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), which is well known for its role in modulating muscle growth. To determine whether this nongenomic pathway is potentially involved in TBA-stimulated BSC proliferation, we analyzed the effects of treating BSC with guanosine 5'-O-2-thiodiphosphate (GDPβS), an inhibitor of all GPCR; a MMP2 and MMP9 inhibitor (MMPI); CRM19, a specific inhibitor of hbEGF; AG1478, a specific EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor; AG879, a specific erbB2 kinase inhibitor; and AG1024, an IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitor on TBA-stimulated proliferation rate (H-thymidine incorporation). Assays were replicated at least 9 times for each inhibitor experiment using BSC cultures obtained from at least 3 different animals. Bovine satellite cell cultures were obtained from yearling steers that had no previous exposure to androgenic or estrogenic compounds. As expected, BSC cultures treated with 10 n TBA showed ( < 0.05) increased proliferation rate when compared with control cultures. Additionally, treatment with 5 ng hbEGF/mL stimulated proliferation in BSC cultures ( < 0.05). Treatment with GDPβS, MMPI, CRM197, AG1024, AG1478, and/or AG879 all suppressed ( < 0.05) TBA-induced increases in proliferation. These data indicate that TBA likely initiates a nongenomic response involving GPCR, MMP2 and MMP9, hbEGF, EGFR, erbB2, and IGF-1R, which may play a role in TBA-mediated increases in BSC proliferation.
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181
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Brandes RP, Harenkamp S, Schürmann C, Josipovic I, Rashid B, Rezende F, Löwe O, Moll F, Epah J, Eresch J, Nayak A, Kopaliani I, Penski C, Mittelbronn M, Weissmann N, Schröder K. The Cytosolic NADPH Oxidase Subunit NoxO1 Promotes an Endothelial Stalk Cell Phenotype. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1558-65. [PMID: 27283741 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reactive oxygen species generated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases contribute to angiogenesis and vascular repair. NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (NoxO1) is a cytosolic protein facilitating assembly of constitutively active NADPH oxidases. We speculate that NoxO1 also contributes to basal reactive oxygen species formation in the vascular system and thus modulates angiogenesis. APPROACH AND RESULTS A NoxO1 knockout mouse was generated, and angiogenesis was studied in cultured cells and in vivo. Angiogenesis of the developing retina and after femoral artery ligation was increased in NoxO1(-/-) when compared with wild-type animals. Spheroid outgrowth assays revealed greater angiogenic capacity of NoxO1(-/-) lung endothelial cells (LECs) and a more tip-cell-like phenotype than wild-type LECs. Usually signaling by the Notch pathway switches endothelial cells from a tip into a stalk cell phenotype. NoxO1(-/-) LECs exhibited attenuated Notch signaling as a consequence of an attenuated release of the Notch intracellular domain on ligand stimulation. This release is mediated by proteolytic cleavage involving the α-secretase ADAM17. For maximal activity, ADAM17 has to be oxidized, and overexpression of NoxO1 promoted this mode of activation. Moreover, the activity of ADAM17 was reduced in NoxO1(-/-) LECs when compared with wild-type LECs. CONCLUSIONS NoxO1 stimulates α-secretase activity probably through reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidation. Deletion of NoxO1 attenuates Notch signaling and thereby promotes a tip-cell phenotype that results in increased angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf P Brandes
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Sabine Harenkamp
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Christoph Schürmann
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Ivana Josipovic
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Beliza Rashid
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Flavia Rezende
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Oliver Löwe
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Franziska Moll
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Jeremy Epah
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Jeanette Eresch
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Arnab Nayak
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Irakli Kopaliani
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Cornelia Penski
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (R.P.B., S.H., C.S., I.J., B.R., F.R., O.L., F.M., J.E., K.S.), Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (J.E.), Institute for Biochemistry II (A.N.), and Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute) (C.P., M.M.), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany (I.K.); Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (N.W.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., C.S., I.J., F.R., O.L., F.M., K.S.).
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Huang F, Yin J, Li K, Li Y, Qi H, Fang L, Yuan C, Liu W, Wang M, Li X. GPR30 decreases with vascular aging and promotes vascular smooth muscle cells maintaining differentiated phenotype and suppressing migration via activation of ERK1/2. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:3415-22. [PMID: 27354813 PMCID: PMC4907733 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s104972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptors, including classic nuclear receptors ERα, ERβ, and membrane receptor GPR30, are expressed in vascular tissues and exert protective actions in vascular diseases. But the expression pattern and functional roles of GPR30 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remain unclear. In this study, we found that ERα, ERβ, and GPR30 were decreased with VSMCs passaging in vitro or growing in vivo and activation of GPR30 promoted ERα expression. Then, we validated that activation of GPR30 significantly decreased migratory capability of VSMCs and suppressed ERα, whereas PDGF-BB (20 ng/mL) treatment caused increase of migration. And activation of GPR30 led to reduction of osteopontin and cellular retinol binding protein 1, enhancement of calponin and 3F8, and upregulation of total and phosphorylated ERK1/2 expression in VSMCs knocked down by GPR30, ERα, and ERβ or treated with PDGF-BB. These data suggest that GPR30 promotes VSMCs reducing migration and maintaining differentiated phenotype via activation of ERK1/2 pathway. Our findings provide novel mechanisms of GPR30 protection of VSMCs as well as a new target for prevention of vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Changsha, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiology, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Changsha, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Changsha, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Changsha, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Changsha, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Changsha, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Changsha, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangping Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
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183
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Rhomboid intramembrane protease RHBDL4 triggers ER-export and non-canonical secretion of membrane-anchored TGFα. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27342. [PMID: 27264103 PMCID: PMC4893610 DOI: 10.1038/srep27342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhomboid intramembrane proteases are the enzymes that release active epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands in Drosophila and C. elegans, but little is known about their functions in mammals. Here we show that the mammalian rhomboid protease RHBDL4 (also known as Rhbdd1) promotes trafficking of several membrane proteins, including the EGFR ligand TGFα, from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus, thereby triggering their secretion by extracellular microvesicles. Our data also demonstrate that RHBDL4-dependent trafficking control is regulated by G-protein coupled receptors, suggesting a role for this rhomboid protease in pathological conditions, including EGFR signaling. We propose that RHBDL4 reorganizes trafficking events within the early secretory pathway in response to GPCR signaling. Our work identifies RHBDL4 as a rheostat that tunes secretion dynamics and abundance of specific membrane protein cargoes.
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184
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Shim JW, Sandlund J, Hameed MQ, Blazer-Yost B, Zhou FC, Klagsbrun M, Madsen JR. Excess HB-EGF, which promotes VEGF signaling, leads to hydrocephalus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26794. [PMID: 27243144 PMCID: PMC4886677 DOI: 10.1038/srep26794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparin binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is an angiogenic factor mediating radial migration of the developing forebrain, while vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to influence rostral migratory stream in rodents. Cell migratory defects have been identified in animal models of hydrocephalus; however, the relationship between HB-EGF and hydrocephalus is unclear. We show that mice overexpressing human HB-EGF with β-galactosidase reporter exhibit an elevated VEGF, localization of β-galactosidase outside the subventricular zone (SVZ), subarachnoid hemorrhage, and ventriculomegaly. In Wistar polycystic kidney rats with hydrocephalus, alteration of migratory trajectory is detected. Furthermore, VEGF infusions into the rats result in ventriculomegaly with an increase of SVZ neuroblast in rostral migratory stream, whereas VEGF ligand inhibition prevents it. Our results support the idea that excess HB-EGF leads to a significant elevation of VEGF and ventricular dilatation. These data suggest a potential pathophysiological mechanism that elevated HB-EGF can elicit VEGF induction and hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon W Shim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Johanna Sandlund
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive L235, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Stanford University Medical Center, 3375 Hillview Avenue Palo, Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Mustafa Q Hameed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bonnie Blazer-Yost
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Feng C Zhou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael Klagsbrun
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Surgery and Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph R Madsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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185
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Zeng F, Kloepfer LA, Finney C, Diedrich A, Harris RC. Specific endothelial heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor deletion ameliorates renal injury induced by chronic angiotensin II infusion. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F695-F707. [PMID: 27226110 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00377.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Transactivation of EGF receptor (EGFR) by angiotensin II (Ang II) plays important roles in the initiation and progression of chronic kidney diseases. Studies suggest that heparin-binding EGF-like factor (HB-EGF) may be a critical mediator in this process, but its role in vivo has not been investigated. In the current study, we found that in response to Ang II infusion, kidneys from endothelial HB-EGF deletion mice had significantly reduced EGFR activation compared with controls. Meanwhile, deletion of endothelial HB-EGF expression decreased Ang II infusion related renal injury, as demonstrated by 1) less albuminuria; 2) less glomerulosclerosis; 3) preserved endothelial integrity and decreased podocyte injury, as shown by greater glomerular tuft area and WT1-positive cells, and fewer apoptotic cells measured by cleaved caspase 3 staining; 4) reduced inflammation in the perivascular area and interstitium measured by F4/80 and CD3 immunostaining; and 5) reduced renal fibrosis. In conclusion, our results suggest that shedding of HB-EGF from endothelium plays an important role in Ang II-induced renal injury by linking Ang II-AT1R with EGFR transactivation. Inhibition of HB-EGF shedding could be a potential therapeutic strategy for chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Zeng
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lance A Kloepfer
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Charlene Finney
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - André Diedrich
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, Tennessee
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186
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Lynch JR, Wang JY. G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling in Stem Cells and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050707. [PMID: 27187360 PMCID: PMC4881529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large superfamily of cell-surface signaling proteins that bind extracellular ligands and transduce signals into cells via heterotrimeric G proteins. GPCRs are highly tractable drug targets. Aberrant expression of GPCRs and G proteins has been observed in various cancers and their importance in cancer stem cells has begun to be appreciated. We have recently reported essential roles for G protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84) and G protein subunit Gαq in the maintenance of cancer stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia. This review will discuss how GPCRs and G proteins regulate stem cells with a focus on cancer stem cells, as well as their implications for the development of novel targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Lynch
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Jenny Yingzi Wang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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187
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Watson LJ, Alexander KM, Mohan ML, Bowman AL, Mangmool S, Xiao K, Naga Prasad SV, Rockman HA. Phosphorylation of Src by phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulates beta-adrenergic receptor-mediated EGFR transactivation. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1580-92. [PMID: 27169346 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
β2-Adrenergic receptors (β2AR) transactivate epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) through formation of a β2AR-EGFR complex that requires activation of Src to mediate signaling. Here, we show that both lipid and protein kinase activities of the bifunctional phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) enzyme are required for β2AR-stimulated EGFR transactivation. Mechanistically, the generation of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-tris-phosphate (PIP3) by the lipid kinase function stabilizes β2AR-EGFR complexes while the protein kinase activity of PI3K regulates Src activation by direct phosphorylation. The protein kinase activity of PI3K phosphorylates serine residue 70 on Src to enhance its activity and induce EGFR transactivation following βAR stimulation. This newly identified function for PI3K, whereby Src is a substrate for the protein kinase activity of PI3K, is of importance since Src plays a key role in pathological and physiological signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis J Watson
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Kevin M Alexander
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Maradumane L Mohan
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Amber L Bowman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Supachoke Mangmool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Kunhong Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburg School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Sathyamangla V Naga Prasad
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States.
| | - Howard A Rockman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
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188
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A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease (ADAM): Historical Overview of Their Functions. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:122. [PMID: 27120619 PMCID: PMC4848645 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8040122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the first disintegrin protein from snake venom and the following identification of a mammalian membrane-anchored metalloprotease-disintegrin implicated in fertilization, almost three decades of studies have identified additional members of these families and several biochemical mechanisms regulating their expression and activity in the cell. Most importantly, new in vivo functions have been recognized for these proteins including cell partitioning during development, modulation of inflammatory reactions, and development of cancers. In this review, we will overview the a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) family of proteases highlighting some of the major research achievements in the analysis of ADAMs' function that have underscored the importance of these proteins in physiological and pathological processes over the years.
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189
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Neutrophil elastase enhances IL-12p40 production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages via transactivation of the PAR-2/EGFR/TLR4 signaling pathway. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2016; 59:1-7. [PMID: 27282560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are involved in innate immune responses and signaling cross-talk between these receptor molecules has the potential to augment an ongoing inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible cooperative influence of PAR-2 and TLR4 on IL-12p40 production by macrophages after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). During culture, GM-CSF upregulated PAR-2 expression by macrophages in a time-dependent manner. Stimulation with LPS enhanced IL-12p40 production by macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. While human neutrophil elastase (HNE) did not induce IL-12p40 production, pretreatment of macrophages with HNE synergistically increased the IL-12p40 protein level after LPS exposure. Silencing of TLR4 with small interfering RNA blunted the synergistic enhancement of IL-12p40 by HNE combined with LPS. Silencing of β-arrestin 2, p22phox, or ERK1/2 also inhibited an increase of IL-12p40. Interestingly, transfection of macrophages with small interfering RNA duplexes for DUOX-2, EGFR, TLR4, or TRAF6 significantly blunted the increase of IL-12p40 in response to treatment with HNE plus LPS. U73122 and Rottlerin also inhibited the increased production of IL-12p40. In conclusion, HNE is involved in transactivation of TLR4 through activation of DUOX-2/EGFR and synergistically enhances IL-12p40 production by macrophages stimulated with LPS.
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190
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Schreier B, Schwerdt G, Heise C, Bethmann D, Rabe S, Mildenberger S, Gekle M. Substance-specific importance of EGFR for vascular smooth muscle cells motility in primary culture. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1519-33. [PMID: 27012600 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Besides their importance for the vascular tone, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) also contribute to pathophysiological vessel alterations. Various G-protein coupled receptor ligands involved in vascular dysfunction and remodeling can transactivate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of VSMC, yet the importance of EGFR transactivation for the VSMC phenotype is incompletely understood. The aims of this study were (i) to characterize further the importance of the VSMC-EGFR for proliferation, migration and marker gene expression for inflammation, fibrosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and (ii) to test the hypothesis that vasoactive substances (endothelin-1, phenylephrine, thrombin, vasopressin and ATP) rely differentially on the EGFR with respect to the abovementioned phenotypic alterations. In primary, aortic VSMC from mice without conditional deletion of the EGFR, proliferation, migration, marker gene expression (inflammation, fibrosis and ROS homeostasis) and cell signaling (ERK 1/2, intracellular calcium) were analyzed. VSMC-EGFR loss reduced collective cell migration and single cell migration probability, while no difference between the genotypes in single cell velocity, chemotaxis or marker gene expression could be observed under control conditions. EGF promoted proliferation, collective cell migration, chemokinesis and chemotaxis and leads to a proinflammatory gene expression profile in wildtype but not in knockout VSMC. Comparing the impact of five vasoactive substances (all reported to transactivate EGFR and all leading to an EGFR dependent increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation), we demonstrate that the importance of EGFR for their action is substance-dependent and most apparent for crowd migration but plays a minor role for gene expression regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Schreier
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 6, 06112 Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - Gerald Schwerdt
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 6, 06112 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Christian Heise
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 6, 06112 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Daniel Bethmann
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 6, 06112 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Sindy Rabe
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 6, 06112 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Sigrid Mildenberger
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 6, 06112 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Michael Gekle
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 6, 06112 Halle/Saale, Germany
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191
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Lai X, Ye L, Liao Y, Jin L, Ma Q, Lu B, Sun Y, Shi Y, Zhou N. Agonist-induced activation of histamine H3 receptor signals to extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 through PKC-, PLD-, and EGFR-dependent mechanisms. J Neurochem 2016; 137:200-15. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangru Lai
- Institute of Biochemistry; College of Life Science; Zijingang Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Lingyan Ye
- Institute of Biochemistry; College of Life Science; Zijingang Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Institute of Biochemistry; College of Life Science; Zijingang Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Lili Jin
- Institute of Biochemistry; College of Life Science; Zijingang Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry; College of Life Science; Zijingang Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Bing Lu
- Institute of Biochemistry; College of Life Science; Zijingang Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Biochemistry; College of Life Science; Zijingang Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Ying Shi
- Institute of Biochemistry; College of Life Science; Zijingang Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Naiming Zhou
- Institute of Biochemistry; College of Life Science; Zijingang Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
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192
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Kallifatidis G, Munoz D, Singh RK, Salazar N, Hoy JJ, Lokeshwar BL. β-Arrestin-2 Counters CXCR7-Mediated EGFR Transactivation and Proliferation. Mol Cancer Res 2016; 14:493-503. [PMID: 26921391 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The atypical 7-transmembrane chemokine receptor, CXCR7, transactivates the EGFR leading to increased tumor growth in several tumor types. However, the molecular mechanism of CXCR7 ligand-independent EGFR transactivation is unknown. We used cDNA knock-in, RNAi and analysis of mitogenic signaling components in both normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells to decipher the proliferation-inducing mechanism of the CXCR7-EGFR interaction. The data demonstrate that CXCR7-induced EGFR transactivation is independent of both the release of cryptic EGFR ligands (e.g., AREG/amphiregulin) and G-protein-coupled receptor signaling. An alternate signaling mechanism involving β-arrestin-2 (ARRB2/β-AR2) was examined by manipulating the levels of β-AR2 and analyzing changes in LNCaP cell growth and phosphorylation of EGFR, ERK1/2, Src, and Akt. Depletion of β-AR2 in LNCaP cells increased proliferation/colony formation and significantly increased activation of Src, phosphorylation of EGFR at Tyr-1110, and phosphorylation/activation of ERK1/2 compared with that with control shRNA. Moreover, β-AR2 depletion downregulated the proliferation suppressor p21. Stimulation of β-AR2-expressing cells with EGF resulted in rapid nuclear translocation of phosphorylated/activated EGFR. Downregulation of β-AR2 enhanced this nuclear translocation. These results demonstrate that β-AR2 is a negative regulator of CXCR7/Src/EGFR-mediated mitogenic signaling. IMPLICATIONS This study reveals that β-AR2 functions as a tumor suppressor, underscoring its clinical importance in regulating CXCR7/EGFR-mediated tumor cell proliferation. Mol Cancer Res; 14(5); 493-503. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kallifatidis
- GRU Cancer Center, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University), Augusta, Georgia
| | - Daniel Munoz
- VA Medical Center, Research Service, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Nicole Salazar
- Palo Alto VA Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA. Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - James J Hoy
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Bal L Lokeshwar
- GRU Cancer Center, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University), Augusta, Georgia. Research Service, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia.
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193
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Little PJ, Hollenberg MD, Kamato D, Thomas W, Chen J, Wang T, Zheng W, Osman N. Integrating the GPCR transactivation-dependent and biased signalling paradigms in the context of PAR1 signalling. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:2992-3000. [PMID: 26624252 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Classically, receptor-mediated signalling was conceived as a linear process involving one agonist, a variety of potential targets within a receptor family (e.g. α- and β-adrenoceptors) and a second messenger (e.g. cAMP)-triggered response. If distinct responses were stimulated by the same receptor in different tissues (e.g. lipolysis in adipocytes vs. increased beating rate in the heart caused by adrenaline), the differences were attributed to different second messenger targets in the different tissues. It is now realized that an individual receptor can couple to multiple effectors (different G proteins and different β-arrestins), even in the same cell, to drive very distinct responses. Furthermore, tailored agonists can mould the receptor conformation to activate one signal pathway versus another by a process termed 'biased signalling'. Complicating issues further, we now know that activating one receptor can rapidly trigger the local release of agonists for a second receptor via a process termed 'transactivation'. Thus, the end response can represent a cooperative signalling process involving two or more receptors linked by transactivation. This overview, with a focus on the GPCR, protease-activated receptor-1, integrates both of these processes to predict the complex array of responses that can arise when biased receptor signalling also involves the receptor transactivation process. The therapeutic implications of this signalling matrix are also briefly discussed. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Molecular Pharmacology of G Protein-Coupled Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v173.20/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Little
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia. .,School of Medical Sciences and Diabetes Complications Group, Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia. .,Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - M D Hollenberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - D Kamato
- School of Medical Sciences and Diabetes Complications Group, Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - W Thomas
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - J Chen
- Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - T Wang
- Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - W Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - N Osman
- School of Medical Sciences and Diabetes Complications Group, Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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194
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Pang L, Cai Y, Tang EHC, Irwin MG, Ma H, Xia Z. Prostaglandin E Receptor Subtype 4 Signaling in the Heart: Role in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Cardiac Hypertrophy. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:1324347. [PMID: 27190998 PMCID: PMC4846751 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1324347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an endogenous lipid mediator, produced from the metabolism of arachidonic acids, upon the sequential actions of phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenases, and prostaglandin E synthases. The various biological functions governed by PGE2 are mediated through its four distinct prostaglandin E receptors (EPs), designated as EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4, among which the EP4 receptor is the one most widely distributed in the heart. The availability of global or cardiac-specific EP4 knockout mice and the development of selective EP4 agonists/antagonists have provided substantial evidence to support the role of EP4 receptor in the heart. However, like any good drama, activation of PGE2-EP4 signaling exerts both protective and detrimental effects in the ischemic heart disease. Thus, the primary object of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current progress of the PGE2-EP4 signaling in ischemic heart diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. A better understanding of PGE2-EP4 signaling should promote the development of more effective therapeutic approaches to treat the ischemic heart diseases without triggering unwanted side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Pang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yin Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Eva Hoi Ching Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Michael G. Irwin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Haichun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
- *Haichun Ma:
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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195
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Sosa-Alvarado C, Hernández-Méndez A, Romero-Ávila MT, Sánchez-Reyes OB, Takei Y, Tsujimoto G, Hirasawa A, García-Sáinz JA. Agonists and protein kinase C-activation induce phosphorylation and internalization of FFA1 receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 768:108-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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196
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Consequences of postnatal vascular smooth muscle EGFR deletion on acute angiotensin II action. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 130:19-33. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20150503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we demonstrate that the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is involved in basal blood pressure homoeostasis, acute pressure response to angiotensin II (Ang II) but not endothelin-1 and contributes to maturation-related remodelling.
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197
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Popli P, Sirohi VK, Manohar M, Shukla V, Kaushal JB, Gupta K, Dwivedi A. Regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in rat oviductal epithelial cells: Evidence for involvement of GPR30/Src kinase-mediated EGFR signaling. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 154:130-41. [PMID: 26241029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The oviduct plays a crucial role in female reproduction by regulating gamete transport, providing a specific microenvironment for fertilization and early embryonic development. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived prostaglandins play essential role in carrying out these oviduct-specific functions. Estrogen upregulates COX-2 expression in rat oviduct; however, the mechanisms responsible for regulation of COX-2 expression in rat oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) remain unclear. In the present study, we proposed that estrogen induces COX-2 expression via G-protein coupled receptor i.e., GPR30 in OECs. To investigate this hypothesis, we examined the effects of E2-BSA, ICI 182,780, GPR30 agonist and GPR30 antagonist on COX-2 expression and explored potential signaling pathway leading to COX-2 expression. Co-localization experiments revealed GPR30 to be primarily located in the peri-nuclear space, which was also the site of E2-BSA-fluorescein isothiocyanate (E2-BSA-FITC) binding. The E2-BSA induced-COX-2 and prostaglandin release were subjected to regulation by both EGFR and PI3K signaling as inhibitors of c-Src kinase (PP2), EGFR (EGFR inhibitor) and PI-3 kinase (LY294002) attenuated E2-BSA mediated effect. These results suggest that EGFR transactivation leading to activation of PI-3K/Akt pathway participates in COX-2 expression in rat OECs. Interestingly, E2-BSA induced COX-2 expression and subsequent prostaglandin release were abolished by NF-κB inhibitor. In addition, E2-BSA induced the nuclear translocation of p65-NF-κB and up-regulated the NF-κB promoter activity in rat OECs. Taken together, results demonstrated that E2-BSA induced the COX-2 expression and consequent PGE2 and PGF2α release in rat OECs. These effects are mediated through GPR30-derived EGFR transactivation and PI-3K/Akt cascade leading to NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Popli
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Sirohi
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Murli Manohar
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Vinay Shukla
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Jyoti Bala Kaushal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Kanchan Gupta
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Anila Dwivedi
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India.
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198
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Todd L, Volkov LI, Zelinka C, Squires N, Fischer AJ. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) stimulates the proliferation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells in avian and murine retinas. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 69:54-64. [PMID: 26500021 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Müller glia can be stimulated to de-differentiate, proliferate and form Müller glia-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) that regenerate retinal neurons. In the zebrafish retina, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) may be one of the key factors that stimulate the formation of proliferating MGPCs. Currently nothing is known about the influence of HB-EGF on the proliferative potential of Müller glia in retinas of birds and rodents. In the chick retina, we found that levels of both hb-egf and egf-receptor are rapidly and transiently up-regulated following NMDA-induced damage. Although intraocular injections of HB-EGF failed to stimulate cell-signaling or proliferation of Müller glia in normal retinas, HB-EGF stimulated proliferation of MGPCs in damaged retinas. By comparison, inhibition of the EGF-receptor (EGFR) decreased the proliferation of MGPCs in damaged retinas. HB-EGF failed to act synergistically with FGF2 to stimulate the formation of MGPCs in the undamaged retina and inhibition of EGF-receptor did not suppress FGF2-mediated formation of MGPCs. In the mouse retina, HB-EGF stimulated the proliferation of Müller glia following NMDA-induced damage. Furthermore, HB-EGF not only stimulated MAPK-signaling in Müller glia/MGPCs, but also activated mTor- and Jak/Stat-signaling. We propose that levels of expression of EGFR are rate-limiting to the responses of Müller glia to HB-EGF and the expression of EGFR can be induced by retinal damage, but not by FGF2-treatment. We conclude that HB-EGF is mitogenic to Müller glia in both chick and mouse retinas, and HB-EGF is an important player in the formation of MGPCs in damaged retinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi Todd
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 4190 Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Leo I Volkov
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 4190 Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chris Zelinka
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 4190 Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Natalie Squires
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 4190 Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Andy J Fischer
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 4190 Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Zaidi SF, Refaat A, Zhou Y, Sualeh Muhammad J, Shin MS, Saiki I, Sakurai H, Sugiyama T. Helicobacter pylori Induces Serine Phosphorylation of EGFR via Novel TAK1-p38 Activation Pathway in an HB-EGF-Independent Manner. Helicobacter 2015; 20:381-9. [PMID: 25704183 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction of Helicobacter pylori with gastric epithelial cells can result in the activation of transcription factor NF-κB via TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1). In this study, we have demonstrated the role of H. pylori in the activation of EGFR via TAK1-mediated phosphorylation of p38. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gastric epithelial AGS or MKN-45 cells were co-cultured with wild-type or cagA(-) H. pylori strains. H. pylori was added to the cells, and the activation of EGFR, p65 (NF-κB) subunit, p38, ERK, and TAK1 was examined by Western blotting. Infected cells were pretreated with or without ligands, chemical inhibitors, anti-HB-EGF antibody, and siRNAs to evaluate the effects on phosphorylation of various EGFR residues. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were performed to detect the internalization of EGFR. RESULTS Incubating cells with wild-type and CagA(-) H. pylori strains resulted in the rapid and transient phosphorylation of serine residues of EGFR. RNAi experiments using siRNA against TAK1 and p38 pathways blocked the phosphorylation of serine residue. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry revealed that EGFR was internalized in H. pylori-infected cells after EGFR phosphorylation in a p38-dependent manner. In contrast, pretreatment with gefitinib and anti-HB-EGF antibody did not block both the phosphorylation and internalization of EGFR. CONCLUSION Helicobacter pylori induces internalization of EGFR via novel TAK1-p38-serine activation pathway which is independent of HB-EGF. The interaction between TAK1 and EGFR in H. pylori-infected cells might open new dimensions in understanding H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Faisal Zaidi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University of Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Alaa Refaat
- Division of Pathogenic Biochemistry, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Jibran Sualeh Muhammad
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Myoung-Sook Shin
- Division of Pathogenic Biochemistry, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ikuo Saiki
- Division of Pathogenic Biochemistry, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakurai
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sugiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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200
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Karnik SS, Unal H, Kemp JR, Tirupula KC, Eguchi S, Vanderheyden PML, Thomas WG. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCIX. Angiotensin Receptors: Interpreters of Pathophysiological Angiotensinergic Stimuli [corrected]. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:754-819. [PMID: 26315714 PMCID: PMC4630565 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.010454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin angiotensin system (RAS) produced hormone peptides regulate many vital body functions. Dysfunctional signaling by receptors for RAS peptides leads to pathologic states. Nearly half of humanity today would likely benefit from modern drugs targeting these receptors. The receptors for RAS peptides consist of three G-protein-coupled receptors—the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1 receptor), the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2 receptor), the MAS receptor—and a type II trans-membrane zinc protein—the candidate angiotensin IV receptor (AngIV binding site). The prorenin receptor is a relatively new contender for consideration, but is not included here because the role of prorenin receptor as an independent endocrine mediator is presently unclear. The full spectrum of biologic characteristics of these receptors is still evolving, but there is evidence establishing unique roles of each receptor in cardiovascular, hemodynamic, neurologic, renal, and endothelial functions, as well as in cell proliferation, survival, matrix-cell interaction, and inflammation. Therapeutic agents targeted to these receptors are either in active use in clinical intervention of major common diseases or under evaluation for repurposing in many other disorders. Broad-spectrum influence these receptors produce in complex pathophysiological context in our body highlights their role as precise interpreters of distinctive angiotensinergic peptide cues. This review article summarizes findings published in the last 15 years on the structure, pharmacology, signaling, physiology, and disease states related to angiotensin receptors. We also discuss the challenges the pharmacologist presently faces in formally accepting newer members as established angiotensin receptors and emphasize necessary future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadashiva S Karnik
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Hamiyet Unal
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Jacqueline R Kemp
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Kalyan C Tirupula
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Patrick M L Vanderheyden
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
| | - Walter G Thomas
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.S.K., H.U., J.R.K., K.C.T.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.E.); Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (P.M.L.V.); and Department of General Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (W.G.T.)
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