151
|
Rankin NJ, Preiss D, Welsh P, Burgess KEV, Nelson SM, Lawlor DA, Sattar N. The emergence of proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in the cardiovascular arena as viewed from a clinical perspective. Atherosclerosis 2014; 237:287-300. [PMID: 25299963 PMCID: PMC4232363 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to phenotype metabolic profiles in serum has increased substantially in recent years with the advent of metabolomics. Metabolomics is the study of the metabolome, defined as those molecules with an atomic mass less than 1.5 kDa. There are two main metabolomics methods: mass spectrometry (MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, each with its respective benefits and limitations. MS has greater sensitivity and so can detect many more metabolites. However, its cost (especially when heavy labelled internal standards are required for absolute quantitation) and quality control is sub-optimal for large cohorts. 1H NMR is less sensitive but sample preparation is generally faster and analysis times shorter, resulting in markedly lower analysis costs. 1H NMR is robust, reproducible and can provide absolute quantitation of many metabolites. Of particular relevance to cardio-metabolic disease is the ability of 1H NMR to provide detailed quantitative data on amino acids, fatty acids and other metabolites as well as lipoprotein subparticle concentrations and size. Early epidemiological studies suggest promise, however, this is an emerging field and more data is required before we can determine the clinical utility of these measures to improve disease prediction and treatment. This review describes the theoretical basis of 1H NMR; compares MS and 1H NMR and provides a tabular overview of recent 1H NMR-based research findings in the atherosclerosis field, describing the design and scope of studies conducted to date. 1H NMR metabolomics-CVD related research is emerging, however further large, robustly conducted prospective, genetic and intervention studies are needed to advance research on CVD risk prediction and to identify causal pathways amenable to intervention. 1H NMR metabolomics is being increasingly applied to large cohort studies. Studies have identified potentially novel lipoprotein and metabolite predictors for CVD. Potential exists for the use of metabolomics in cardiovascular clinical practice. Current findings are too preliminary to translate into clinical recommendations. Further large scale studies are now needed to advance the field in a robust manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi J Rankin
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK; Glasgow Polyomics, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - David Preiss
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Paul Welsh
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Karl E V Burgess
- Glasgow Polyomics, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Scott M Nelson
- School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Debbie A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Caboni P, Liori B, Kumar A, Santoru ML, Asthana S, Pieroni E, Fais A, Era B, Cacace E, Ruggiero V, Atzori L. Metabolomics analysis and modeling suggest a lysophosphocholines-PAF receptor interaction in fibromyalgia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107626. [PMID: 25238064 PMCID: PMC4169547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a chronic disease characterized by widespread pain, and difficult to diagnose and treat. We analyzed the plasma metabolic profile of patients with FMS by using a metabolomics approach combining Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Time Of Flight/Mass Spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF/MS) with multivariate statistical analysis, aiming to discriminate patients and controls. LC-Q-TOF/MS analysis of plasma (FMS patients: n = 22 and controls: n = 21) identified many lipid compounds, mainly lysophosphocholines (lysoPCs), phosphocholines and ceramides. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to identify the discriminating metabolites. A protein docking and molecular dynamic (MD) study was then performed, using the most discriminating lysoPCs, to validate the binding to Platelet Activating Factor (1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, PAF) Receptor (PAFr). Discriminating metabolites between FMS patients and controls were identified as 1-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine [PC(14∶0/0∶0)] and 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine [PC(16∶0/0∶0)]. MD and docking indicate that the ligands investigated have similar potentialities to activate the PAFr receptor. The application of a metabolomic approach discriminated FMS patients from controls, with an over-representation of PC(14∶0/0∶0) and PC(16∶0/0∶0) compounds in the metabolic profiles. These results and the modeling of metabolite-PAFr interaction, allowed us to hypothesize that lipids oxidative fragmentation might generate lysoPCs in abundance, that in turn will act as PAF-like bioactivators. Overall results suggest disease biomarkers and potential therapeutical targets for FMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Caboni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Barbara Liori
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Biomedicine Department, CRS4, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Shailendra Asthana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Fais
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Benedetta Era
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enrico Cacace
- Department of Medical Sciences “Mario Aresu”, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Valeria Ruggiero
- Department of Medical Sciences “Mario Aresu”, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luigi Atzori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Anderson SG, Dunn WB, Banerjee M, Brown M, Broadhurst DI, Goodacre R, Cooper GJS, Kell DB, Cruickshank JK. Evidence that multiple defects in lipid regulation occur before hyperglycemia during the prodrome of type-2 diabetes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103217. [PMID: 25184286 PMCID: PMC4153569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-vessel dysfunction arises before overt hyperglycemia in type-2 diabetes (T2DM). We hypothesised that a metabolomic approach might identify metabolites/pathways perturbed in this pre-hyperglycemic phase. To test this hypothesis and for specific metabolite hypothesis generation, serum metabolic profiling was performed in young women at increased, intermediate and low risk of subsequent T2DM. METHODS Participants were stratified by glucose tolerance during a previous index pregnancy into three risk-groups: overt gestational diabetes (GDM; n = 18); those with glucose values in the upper quartile but below GDM levels (UQ group; n = 45); and controls (n = 43, below the median glucose values). Follow-up serum samples were collected at a mean 22 months postnatally. Samples were analysed in a random order using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to an electrospray hybrid LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Statistical analysis included principal component (PCA) and multivariate methods. FINDINGS Significant between-group differences were observed at follow-up in waist circumference (86, 95%CI (79-91) vs 80 (76-84) cm for GDM vs controls, p<0.05), adiponectin (about 33% lower in GDM group, p = 0.004), fasting glucose, post-prandial glucose and HbA1c, but the latter 3 all remained within the 'normal' range. Substantial differences in metabolite profiles were apparent between the 2 'at-risk' groups and controls, particularly in concentrations of phospholipids (4 metabolites with p ≤ 0.01), acylcarnitines (3 with p ≤ 0.02), short- and long-chain fatty acids (3 with p< = 0.03), and diglycerides (4 with p ≤ 0.05). INTERPRETATION Defects in adipocyte function from excess energy storage as relatively hypoxic visceral and hepatic fat, and impaired mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation may initiate the observed perturbations in lipid metabolism. Together with evidence from the failure of glucose-directed treatments to improve cardiovascular outcomes, these data and those of others indicate that a new, quite different definition of type-2 diabetes is required. This definition would incorporate disturbed lipid metabolism prior to hyperglycemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon G. Anderson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Core Technology Facility, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Warwick B. Dunn
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Centre for Advanced Discovery & Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust and School of Biomedicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Moulinath Banerjee
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Core Technology Facility, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Brown
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David I. Broadhurst
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, 4126A Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy & Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Garth J. S. Cooper
- Centre for Advanced Discovery & Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust and School of Biomedicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - J. Kennedy Cruickshank
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Core Technology Facility, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Minuto MN, Shintu L, Caldarelli S. Proteomics, and metabolomics: magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the presurgical screening of thyroid nodules. Curr Genomics 2014; 15:178-83. [PMID: 24955025 PMCID: PMC4064557 DOI: 10.2174/1389202915999140404100701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the progress and state-of-the-art applications of studies in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and Imaging as an aid for diagnosis of thyroid lesions of different nature, especially focusing our attention to those lesions that are cytologically undetermined. It appears that the high-resolution of High-Resolution Magic-Angle-Spinning (HRMAS) MRS improves the overall accuracy of the analysis of thyroid lesions to a point that a significant improvement in the diagnosis of cytologically undetermined lesions can be expected. This analysis, in the meantime, allows a more precise comprehension of the alterations in the metabolic pathways induced by the development of the different tumors. Although these results are promising, at the moment, a clinical application of the method to the common workup of thyroid nodules cannot be used, due to both the limitation in the availability of this technology and the wide range of techniques, that are not uniformly used. The coming future will certainly see a wider application of these methods to the clinical practice in patients affected with thyroid nodules and various other neoplastic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele N Minuto
- Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laetitia Shintu
- Institut des Sciences Moleculaires de Marseille b, Aix-Marseille Universite, Marseille, France
| | - Stefano Caldarelli
- Institut des Sciences Moleculaires de Marseille b, Aix-Marseille Universite, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Drury NE, Howell NJ, Calvert MJ, Weber RJM, Senanayake EL, Lewis ME, Hyde JAJ, Green DH, Mascaro JG, Wilson IC, Graham TR, Rooney SJ, Viant MR, Freemantle N, Frenneaux MP, Pagano D. The effect of perhexiline on myocardial protection during coronary artery surgery: a two-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2014; 47:464-72. [PMID: 24948413 PMCID: PMC4324609 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezu238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Perhexiline is thought to modulate metabolism by inhibiting mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, reducing fatty acid uptake and increasing carbohydrate utilization. This study assessed whether preoperative perhexiline improves markers of myocardial protection in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery and analysed its effect on the myocardial metabolome. METHODS In a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, patients at two centres were randomized to receive either oral perhexiline or placebo for at least 5 days prior to surgery. The primary outcome was a low cardiac output episode in the first 6 h. All pre-specified analyses were conducted according to the intention-to-treat principle with a statistical power of 90% to detect a relative risk of 0.5 and a conventional one-sided α-value of 0.025. A subset of pre-ischaemic left ventricular biopsies was analysed using mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. RESULTS Over a 3-year period, 286 patients were randomized, received the intervention and were included in the analysis. The incidence rate of a low cardiac output episode in the perhexiline arm was 36.7% (51/139) vs 34.7% (51/147) in the control arm [odds ratio (OR) 0.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56–1.50, P = 0.74]. Perhexiline was associated with a reduction in the cardiac index at 6 h [difference in means 0.19, 95% CI 0.07–0.31, P = 0.001] and an increase in inotropic support in the first 12 h (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.34–0.89, P = 0.015). There were no significant differences in myocardial injury with troponin-T or electrocardiogram, reoperation, renal dysfunction or length of stay. No difference in the preischaemic left ventricular metabolism was identified between groups on metabolomics analysis. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative perhexiline does not improve myocardial protection in patients undergoing coronary surgery and in fact reduced perioperative cardiac output, increasing the need for inotropic support. Perhexiline has no significant effect on the mass spectrometry-visible polar myocardial metabolome in vivo in humans, supporting the suggestion that it acts via a pathway that is independent of myocardial carnitine palmitoyltransferase inhibition and may explain the lack of clinical benefit observed following surgery. ClinicalTrials.Gov ID NCT00845364.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nigel E Drury
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Neil J Howell
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Melanie J Calvert
- School of Health and Population Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ralf J M Weber
- Centre for Systems Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eshan L Senanayake
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael E Lewis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton
| | - Jonathan A J Hyde
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton
| | - David H Green
- Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jorge G Mascaro
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ian C Wilson
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Timothy R Graham
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephen J Rooney
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mark R Viant
- Centre for Systems Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nick Freemantle
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Domenico Pagano
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
156
|
MS-based metabolomics facilitates the discovery of in vivo functional small molecules with a diversity of biological contexts. Future Med Chem 2014; 5:1953-65. [PMID: 24175746 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.13.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo small molecules as necessary intermediates are involved in numerous critical metabolic pathways and biological processes associated with many essential biological functions and events. There is growing evidence that MS-based metabolomics is emerging as a powerful tool to facilitate the discovery of functional small molecules that can better our understanding of development, infection, nutrition, disease, toxicity, drug therapeutics, gene modifications and host-pathogen interaction from metabolic perspectives. However, further progress must still be made in MS-based metabolomics because of the shortcomings in the current technologies and knowledge. This technique-driven review aims to explore the discovery of in vivo functional small molecules facilitated by MS-based metabolomics and to highlight the analytic capabilities and promising applications of this discovery strategy. Moreover, the biological significance of the discovery of in vivo functional small molecules with different biological contexts is also interrogated at a metabolic perspective.
Collapse
|
157
|
Duarte IF, Diaz SO, Gil AM. NMR metabolomics of human blood and urine in disease research. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 93:17-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
158
|
Armenian SH, Gelehrter SK, Vase T, Venkatramani R, Landier W, Wilson KD, Herrera C, Reichman L, Menteer JD, Mascarenhas L, Freyer DR, Venkataraman K, Bhatia S. Carnitine and cardiac dysfunction in childhood cancer survivors treated with anthracyclines. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:1109-14. [PMID: 24718281 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood cancer survivors are at high risk of developing congestive heart failure (CHF) compared with the general population, and there is a dose-dependent increase in CHF risk by anthracycline dose. The mechanism by which this occurs has not been fully elucidated. Metabolomics, the comprehensive profile of small-molecule metabolites, has the potential to provide insight into the pathogenesis of disease states and discover diagnostic markers for therapeutic targets. We performed echocardiographic testing and blood plasma metabolomic analyses (8 pathways; 354 metabolites) in 150 asymptomatic childhood cancer survivors previously treated with anthracyclines. Median time from cancer diagnosis to study participation was 12.4 years (2.6-37.9 years); 64% were treated for a hematologic malignancy; median anthracycline dose was 350 mg/m(2) (25-642 mg/m(2)). Thirty-five (23%) participants had cardiac dysfunction-defined as left ventricular end-systolic wall stress >2SD by echocardiogram. Plasma levels of 15 compounds in three metabolic pathways (carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism) were significantly different between individuals with cardiac dysfunction and those with normal systolic function. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, individuals with cardiac dysfunction had significantly lower plasma carnitine levels [relative ratio (RR), 0.89; P < 0.01] in relation to those with normal systolic function. These findings may facilitate the development of primary prevention (treatment of carnitine deficiency before/during anthracycline administration) and secondary prevention strategies (screening and treatment in long-term survivors) in patients at highest risk for CHF. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(6); 1109-14. ©2014 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saro H Armenian
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sarah K Gelehrter
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Tabitha Vase
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rajkumar Venkatramani
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MichiganAuthors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Wendy Landier
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Karla D Wilson
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Claudia Herrera
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Leah Reichman
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John-David Menteer
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MichiganAuthors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Leo Mascarenhas
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MichiganAuthors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David R Freyer
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MichiganAuthors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kalyanasundaram Venkataraman
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Smita Bhatia
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Outcomes Research, Department of Population Sciences, Department of Cardiology, City of Hope, Duarte; Divisions of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Chalkias A, Fanos V, Noto A, Castrén M, Gulati A, Svavarsdóttir H, Iacovidou N, Xanthos T. 1H NMR-metabolomics: can they be a useful tool in our understanding of cardiac arrest? Resuscitation 2014; 85:595-601. [PMID: 24513156 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2014.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review focuses on the presentation of the emerging technology of metabolomics, a promising tool for the detection of identifying the unrevealed biological pathways that lead to cardiac arrest. DATA SOURCES The electronic bases of PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE were searched. Research terms were identified using the MESH database and were combined thereafter. Initial search terms were "cardiac arrest", "cardiopulmonary resuscitation", "post-cardiac arrest syndrome" combined with "metabolomics". RESULTS Metabolomics allow the monitoring of hundreds of metabolites from tissues or body fluids and already influence research in the field of cardiac metabolism. This approach has elucidated several pathophysiological mechanisms and identified profiles of metabolic changes that can be used to follow the disease processes occurring in the peri-arrest period. This can be achieved through leveraging the strengths of unbiased metabolome-wide scans, which include thousands of final downstream products of gene transcription, enzyme activity and metabolic products of extraneously administered substances, in order to identify a metabolomic fingerprint associated with an increased risk of cardiac arrest. CONCLUSION Although this technology is still under development, metabolomics is a promising tool for elucidating biological pathways and discovering clinical biomarkers, strengthening the efforts for optimizing both the prevention and treatment of cardiac arrest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Chalkias
- MSc "Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Hellenic Society of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Athens, Greece.
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Noto
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maaret Castrén
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset and Section of Emergency Medicine, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anil Gulati
- Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | | | - Nicoletta Iacovidou
- Hellenic Society of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Athens, Greece; 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Neonatal Division, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Xanthos
- MSc "Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Hellenic Society of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
Nagana Gowda G, Raftery D. Advances in NMR-Based Metabolomics. FUNDAMENTALS OF ADVANCED OMICS TECHNOLOGIES: FROM GENES TO METABOLITES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62651-6.00008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
161
|
Qi Y, Song Y, Gu H, Fan G, Chai Y. Global metabolic profiling using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1198:15-27. [PMID: 25270920 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1258-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Currently, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is one of the most important analytical technologies for detecting hundreds of metabolites in the field of metabolomics. A recent advance in LC that has impacted metabolomics is the development of UPLC (ultra-performance liquid chromatography). In this chapter, we describe the analytical methodologies for the global metabolic profiling of serum, urine, and tissue samples using UPLC-Q-TOF (quadrupole-time-of-flight)-MS. Aqueous metabolites are extracted after adding methanol/acetonitrile/acetone and then analyzed by UPLC-MS under positive and/or negative ionization mode. With the aid of multivariate statistical analysis, separation between various groups can be observed in the score plots, and biomarkers are screened in the loading/weight/VIP (variable importance in the projection) scatterplots. Furthermore, putative markers can be identified through comparison with the authentic standards based on tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragmentation pattern and LC retention. We expect that our protocol, with modifications if necessary, can be useful in many metabolomics studies and a wide range of research areas related to small molecules and LC-MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
162
|
Li M, Yang L, Bai Y, Liu H. Analytical Methods in Lipidomics and Their Applications. Anal Chem 2013; 86:161-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403554h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
163
|
Shah V, Castro-Perez JM, McLaren DG, Herath KB, Previs SF, Roddy TP. Enhanced data-independent analysis of lipids using ion mobility-TOFMSE to unravel quantitative and qualitative information in human plasma. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2013; 27:2195-2200. [PMID: 23996393 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Lipids are involved in various biochemical and signaling pathways, cell structure and function, and the pathophysiology of many diseases. We took advantage of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) in conjunction with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and high-resolution mass spectrometry to gain quantitative and deeper qualitative structural insight within a single experiment. METHODS Human plasma lipid extracts were analyzed using an Acquity UPLC system coupled to a Synapt G2-HDMS mass spectrometer system. The ion mobility gas employed was helium for the helium cell (150 mL/min) and nitrogen (80 mL/min) for the T-wave drift tube. The wave height for the T-wave cell was ramped in a linear fashion between 5-40 V. The mass spectra were acquired in an electrospray positive ionization mode. RESULTS We resolved chromatographically co-eluting lipids further by ion mobility tube drift time and then subjected them to low- and high-energy fragmentation without pre-selecting respective precursor species. The fragment ions produced in a high-energy mode were aligned with their precursor ions in a low-energy mode. By aligning intact molecular spectra and fragment spectra for these lipids at a given ion mobility drift time and chromatographic retention time, we were able to obtain much cleaner fragment ion spectra for structural elucidation. For quantitative analysis we obtained a dynamic linear range from 0.002 to 2 µg/mL with and without an additional dimension of IMS. CONCLUSIONS The additional dimension of IMS allowed us to perform quantitative and qualitative analysis within a single experiment in a relatively high-throughput manner thus providing deeper structural insights into lipids of biological interest and resulting in an information-rich dataset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinit Shah
- Analytical Biochemistry and Molecular Biomarkers, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
164
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this review is to update readers on the most recent publications concerning clinical metabolomics in developing infants. RECENT FINDINGS Only a limited number of neonatal and pediatric metabolomic studies have been published, in comparison to the adult. However, this number of pediatric and neonatal papers is constantly increasing. The latest papers are related to intrauterine growth restricted and small for gestational age neonates, prematurity, mode of delivery, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, persistent ductus arteriosus, respiratory syndrome and surfactant therapy, cytomegalovirus infection, nephrouropathy, inborn errors of metabolism, pharmametabolomics, and nutrimetabolomics (including study of maternal milk and formula). Also numerous papers have been presented in experimental neonatology. In particular, the fluids most frequently used were as follows: urine, cord blood plasma, but also milk and stools. Each condition or disease presents a specific discriminating set of metabolites, which can be considered like a 'bar code'. SUMMARY In the near future, improved tools for metabolomic analysis (like simplified 'dipsticks' for urine) and its integration with other 'omics' will make this technology available in the clinical setting, leading to better or easier clinical decision making. Urinary metabolomics will probably be one of the most used tools in pediatrics and the metabolome will be 'our world'.
Collapse
|
165
|
Abstract
The multifaceted field of metabolomics has witnessed exponential growth in both methods development and applications. Owing to the urgent need, a significant fraction of research investigations in the field is focused on understanding, diagnosing and preventing human diseases; hence, the field of biomedicine has been the major beneficiary of metabolomics research. A large body of literature now documents the discovery of numerous potential biomarkers and provides greater insights into pathogeneses of numerous human diseases. A sizable number of findings have been tested for translational applications focusing on disease diagnostics ranging from early detection, to therapy prediction and prognosis, monitoring treatment and recurrence detection, as well as the important area of therapeutic target discovery. Current advances in analytical technologies promise quantitation of biomarkers from even small amounts of bio-specimens using non-invasive or minimally invasive approaches, and facilitate high-throughput analysis required for real time applications in clinical settings. Nevertheless, a number of challenges exist that have thus far delayed the translation of a majority of promising biomarker discoveries to the clinic. This article presents advances in the field of metabolomics with emphasis on biomarker discovery and translational efforts, highlighting the current status, challenges and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G A Nagana Gowda
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - D Raftery
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Yu B, Zheng Y, Alexander D, Manolio TA, Alonso A, Nettleton JA, Boerwinkle E. Genome-wide association study of a heart failure related metabolomic profile among African Americans in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Genet Epidemiol 2013; 37:840-5. [PMID: 23934736 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Both the prevalence and incidence of heart failure (HF) are increasing, especially among African Americans, but no large-scale, genome-wide association study (GWAS) of HF-related metabolites has been reported. We sought to identify novel genetic variants that are associated with metabolites previously reported to relate to HF incidence. GWASs of three metabolites identified previously as risk factors for incident HF (pyroglutamine, dihydroxy docosatrienoic acid, and X-11787, being either hydroxy-leucine or hydroxy-isoleucine) were performed in 1,260 African Americans free of HF at the baseline examination of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. A significant association on chromosome 5q33 (rs10463316, MAF = 0.358, P-value = 1.92 × 10(-10) ) was identified for pyroglutamine. One region on chromosome 2p13 contained a nonsynonymous substitution in N-acetyltransferase 8 (NAT8) was associated with X-11787 (rs13538, MAF = 0.481, P-value = 1.71 × 10(-23) ). The smallest P-value for dihydroxy docosatrienoic acid was rs4006531 on chromosome 8q24 (MAF = 0.400, P-value = 6.98 × 10(-7) ). None of the above SNPs were individually associated with incident HF, but a genetic risk score (GRS) created by summing the most significant risk alleles from each metabolite detected 11% greater risk of HF per allele. In summary, we identified three loci associated with previously reported HF-related metabolites. Further use of metabolomics technology will facilitate replication of these findings in independent samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
167
|
Metabolomics in plants and humans: applications in the prevention and diagnosis of diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:792527. [PMID: 23986911 PMCID: PMC3748395 DOI: 10.1155/2013/792527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the recent years, there has been an increase in the number of metabolomic approaches used, in parallel with proteomic and functional genomic studies. The wide variety of chemical types of metabolites available has also accelerated the use of different techniques in the investigation of the metabolome. At present, metabolomics is applied to investigate several human diseases, to improve their diagnosis and prevention, and to design better therapeutic strategies. In addition, metabolomic studies are also being carried out in areas such as toxicology and pharmacology, crop breeding, and plant biotechnology. In this review, we emphasize the use and application of metabolomics in human diseases and plant research to improve human health.
Collapse
|
168
|
Puchades-Carrasco L, Lecumberri R, Martínez-López J, Lahuerta JJ, Mateos MV, Prósper F, San-Miguel JF, Pineda-Lucena A. Multiple myeloma patients have a specific serum metabolomic profile that changes after achieving complete remission. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:4770-9. [PMID: 23873687 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-2917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple myeloma remains an incurable disease. New approaches to develop better tools for improving patient prognostication and monitoring treatment efficacy are very much needed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of metabolomics by (1)H-NMR to provide information on metabolic profiles that could be useful in the management of multiple myeloma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Serum samples were collected from multiple myeloma patients at the time of diagnosis and after achieving complete remission. A matched control set of samples was also included in the study. The (1)H-NMR measurements used to obtain the metabolic profile for each patient were followed by the application of univariate and multivariate statistical analyses to determine significant differences. RESULTS Metabolic profiles of multiple myeloma patients at diagnosis exhibited higher levels of isoleucine, arginine, acetate, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, and decreased levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate, lysine, glutamine, and some lipids compared with the control set. A similar analysis conducted in multiple myeloma patients after achieving complete remission indicated that some of the metabolic changes (i.e., glutamine, cholesterol, lysine) observed at diagnosis displayed a variation in the opposite direction upon responding to treatment, thus contributing to multiple myeloma patients having a closer metabolic profile to those of healthy individuals after the disappearance of major disease manifestations. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the potential of metabolic profiles obtained by 1H-NMR in identifying multiple myeloma biomarkers that may be useful to objectively discriminate individuals with and without multiple myeloma, and monitor response to treatment.
Collapse
|
169
|
Tortoriello G, Rhodes BP, Takacs SM, Stuart JM, Basnet A, Raboune S, Widlanski TS, Doherty P, Harkany T, Bradshaw HB. Targeted lipidomics in Drosophila melanogaster identifies novel 2-monoacylglycerols and N-acyl amides. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67865. [PMID: 23874457 PMCID: PMC3708943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is critical to coordinate organ development and physiology in response to tissue-autonomous signals and environmental cues. Changes to the availability and signaling of lipid mediators can limit competitiveness, adaptation to environmental stressors, and augment pathological processes. Two classes of lipids, the N-acyl amides and the 2-acyl glycerols, have emerged as important signaling molecules in a wide range of species with important signaling properties, though most of what is known about their cellular functions is from mammalian models. Therefore, expanding available knowledge on the repertoire of these lipids in invertebrates will provide additional avenues of research aimed at elucidating biosynthetic, metabolic, and signaling properties of these molecules. Drosophila melanogaster is a commonly used organism to study intercellular communication, including the functions of bioactive lipids. However, limited information is available on the molecular identity of lipids with putative biological activities in Drosophila. Here, we used a targeted lipidomics approach to identify putative signaling lipids in third instar Drosophila larvae, possessing particularly large lipid mass in their fat body. We identified 2-linoleoyl glycerol, 2-oleoyl glycerol, and 45 N-acyl amides in larval tissues, and validated our findings by the comparative analysis of Oregon-RS, Canton-S and w1118 strains. Data here suggest that Drosophila represent another model system to use for the study of 2-acyl glycerol and N-acyl amide signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Tortoriello
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brandon P. Rhodes
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Sara M. Takacs
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jordyn M. Stuart
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Arjun Basnet
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Siham Raboune
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Theodore S. Widlanski
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Patrick Doherty
- Wolfson Centre for Ageing-Related Diseases, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tibor Harkany
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- European Neuroscience Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Heather B. Bradshaw
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Chan CX, Khan AA, Choi JH, Ng CD, Cadeiras M, Deng M, Ping P. Technology platform development for targeted plasma metabolites in human heart failure. Clin Proteomics 2013; 10:7. [PMID: 23826926 PMCID: PMC3708771 DOI: 10.1186/1559-0275-10-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heart failure is a multifactorial disease associated with staggeringly high morbidity and motility. Recently, alterations of multiple metabolites have been implicated in heart failure; however, the lack of an effective technology platform to assess these metabolites has limited our understanding on how they contribute to this disease phenotype. We have successfully developed a new workflow combining specific sample preparation with tandem mass spectrometry that enables us to extract most of the targeted metabolites. 19 metabolites were chosen ascribing to their biological relevance to heart failure, including extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, insulin resistance, renal dysfunction, and cardioprotection against ischemic injury. Results In this report, we systematically engineered, optimized and refined a protocol applicable to human plasma samples; this study contributes to the methodology development with respect to deproteinization, incubation, reconstitution, and detection with mass spectrometry. The deproteinization step was optimized with 20% methanol/ethanol at a plasma:solvent ratio of 1:3. Subsequently, an incubation step was implemented which remarkably enhanced the metabolite signals and the number of metabolite peaks detected by mass spectrometry in both positive and negative modes. With respect to the step of reconstitution, 0.1% formic acid was designated as the reconstitution solvent vs. 6.5 mM ammonium bicarbonate, based on the comparable number of metabolite peaks detected in both solvents, and yet the signal detected in the former was higher. By adapting this finalized protocol, we were able to retrieve 13 out of 19 targeted metabolites from human plasma. Conclusions We have successfully devised a simple albeit effective workflow for the targeted plasma metabolites relevant to human heart failure. This will be employed in tandem with high throughput liquid chromatography mass spectrometry platform to validate and characterize these potential metabolic biomarkers for diagnostic and therapeutic development of heart failure patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cy X'avia Chan
- NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, Departments of Physiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anjum A Khan
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | - Jh Howard Choi
- NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, Departments of Physiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Cm Dominic Ng
- NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, Departments of Physiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Martin Cadeiras
- Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mario Deng
- Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peipei Ping
- NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, Departments of Physiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
171
|
Atzori L, Barberini L, Santoru ML, Antonucci R, Fanos V. Metabolomics explained to perinatologists and pediatricians. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013; 25:10-2. [PMID: 23025762 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2012.714636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a new approach based on the systematic study of the full complement of low-molecular weight compounds (e.g. sugars, lipids, hormones, vitamins, secondary metabolites), both endogenous and exogenous, found within a cell, tissue, biofluid or organism. In order to avoid false expectation by using a metabolomics approach, it is important to have: (i) a properly planned design of the study based on a clear question to be answered, (ii) an appropriate knowledge of the equipments available; (iii) a proper statistical analysis and support and (iv) a validation of the results obtained. In the present short-review, these topics will be briefly described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Atzori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
172
|
Dodd MS, Ball V, Bray R, Ashrafian H, Watkins H, Clarke K, Tyler DJ. In vivo mouse cardiac hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013; 15:19. [PMID: 23414451 PMCID: PMC3599631 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-15-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in cardiac metabolism accompany many diseases of the heart. The advent of cardiac hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), via dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), has enabled a greater understanding of the in vivo metabolic changes that occur as a consequence of myocardial infarction, hypertrophy and diabetes. However, all cardiac studies performed to date have focused on rats and larger animals, whereas more information could be gained through the study of transgenic mouse models of heart disease. Translation from the rat to the mouse is challenging, due in part to the reduced heart size (1/10(th)) and the increased heart rate (50%) in the mouse compared to the rat. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we have investigated the in vivo metabolism of [1-(13)C]pyruvate in the mouse heart. To demonstrate the sensitivity of the method to detect alterations in pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) flux, two well characterised methods of PDH modulation were performed; overnight fasting and infusion of sodium dichloroacetate (DCA). Fasting resulted in an 85% reduction in PDH flux, whilst DCA infusion increased PDH flux by 123%. A comparison of three commonly used control mouse strains was performed revealing significant metabolic differences between strains. CONCLUSIONS We have successfully demonstrated a hyperpolarized DNP protocol to investigate in vivo alterations within the diseased mouse heart. This technique offers a significant advantage over existing in vitro techniques as it reduces animal numbers and decreases biological variability. Thus [1-(13)C]pyruvate can be used to provide an in vivo cardiac metabolic profile of transgenic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Dodd
- Cardiac Metabolism Research Group, Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vicky Ball
- Cardiac Metabolism Research Group, Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rosalind Bray
- Cardiac Metabolism Research Group, Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Houman Ashrafian
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kieran Clarke
- Cardiac Metabolism Research Group, Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Damian J Tyler
- Cardiac Metabolism Research Group, Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
173
|
Abstract
The newest 'omics' science is metabolomics, the latest offspring of genomics, considered the most innovative of the 'omics' sciences. Metabolomics, also called the 'new clinical biochemistry', is an approach based on the systematic study of the complete set of metabolites in a biological sample. The metabolome is considered the most predictive phenotype and is capable of considering epigenetic differences. It is so close to the phenotype that it can be considered the phenotype itself. In the last three years about 5000 papers have been listed in PubMed on this topic, but few data are available in the newborn. The aim of this review, after a description of background and technical procedures, is to analyse the clinical applications of metabolomics in neonatology, covering the following points: gestational age, postnatal age, type of delivery, zygosity, perinatal asphyxia, intrauterine growth restriction, prenatal inflammation and brain injury, respiratory, cardiovascular renal, metabolic diseases; sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis and antibiotic treatment; nutritional studies on maternal milk and formula, pharma-metabolomics, long-term diseases. Pros and cons of metabolomics are also discussed. All this comes about with the non-invasive collection of a few drops of urine (exceptionally important for the neonate, especially those of low birth weight). Only time and large-scale studies to validate initial results will place metabolomics within neonatology. In any case, it is important for perinatologists to learn and understand this new technology to offer their patients the utmost in diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities.
Collapse
|
174
|
Heather LC, Wang X, West JA, Griffin JL. A practical guide to metabolomic profiling as a discovery tool for human heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 55:2-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
175
|
Abstract
Ischaemic heart disease accounts for nearly half of the global cardiovascular disease burden. Aetiologies relating to heart disease are complex, but dyslipidaemia, oxidative stress and inflammation are cardinal features. Despite preventative measures and advancements in treatment regimens with lipid-lowering agents, the high prevalence of heart disease and the residual risk of recurrent events continue to be a significant burden to the health sector and to the affected individuals and their families. The development of improved risk models for the early detection and prevention of cardiovascular events in addition to new therapeutic strategies to address this residual risk are required if we are to continue to make inroads into this most prevalent of diseases. Metabolomics and lipidomics are modern disciplines that characterize the metabolite and lipid complement respectively, of a given system. Their application to ischaemic heart disease has demonstrated utilities in population profiling, identification of multivariate biomarkers and in monitoring of therapeutic response, as well as in basic mechanistic studies. Although advances in magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry technologies have given rise to the fields of metabolomics and lipidomics, the plethora of data generated presents challenges requiring specific statistical and bioinformatics applications, together with appropriate study designs. Nonetheless, the predictive and re-classification capacity of individuals with various degrees of risk by the plasma lipidome has recently been demonstrated. In the present review, we summarize evidence derived exclusively by metabolomic and lipidomic studies in the context of ischaemic heart disease. We consider the potential role of plasma lipid profiling in assessing heart disease risk and therapeutic responses, and explore the potential mechanisms. Finally, we highlight where metabolomic studies together with complementary -omic disciplines may make further inroads into the understanding, detection and treatment of ischaemic heart disease.
Collapse
|
176
|
Jones OAH, Hügel HM. Bridging the gap: basic metabolomics methods for natural product chemistry. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1055:245-66. [PMID: 23963916 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-577-4_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural products and their derivatives often have potent physiological activities and therefore play important roles as both frontline treatments for many diseases and as the inspiration for chemically synthesized therapeutics. However, the detection and synthesis of new therapeutic compounds derived from, or inspired by natural compounds has declined in recent years due to the increased difficulty of identifying and isolating novel active compounds. A new strategy is therefore necessary to jumpstart this field of research. Metabolomics, including both targeted and global metabolite profiling strategies, has the potential to be instrumental in this effort since it allows a systematic study of complex mixtures (such as plant extracts) without the need for prior isolation of active ingredients (or mixtures thereof). Here we describe the basic steps for conducting metabolomics experiments and analyzing the results using some of the more commonly used analytical and statistical methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver A H Jones
- School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
177
|
Nicholson JK, Holmes E, Kinross JM, Darzi AW, Takats Z, Lindon JC. Metabolic phenotyping in clinical and surgical environments. Nature 2012; 491:384-92. [PMID: 23151581 DOI: 10.1038/nature11708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic phenotyping involves the comprehensive analysis of biological fluids or tissue samples. This analysis allows biochemical classification of a person's physiological or pathological states that relate to disease diagnosis or prognosis at the individual level and to disease risk factors at the population level. These approaches are currently being implemented in hospital environments and in regional phenotyping centres worldwide. The ultimate aim of such work is to generate information on patient biology using techniques such as patient stratification to better inform clinicians on factors that will enhance diagnosis or the choice of therapy. There have been many reports of direct applications of metabolic phenotyping in a clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy K Nicholson
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
178
|
Adamski J, Suhre K. Metabolomics platforms for genome wide association studies--linking the genome to the metabolome. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2012; 24:39-47. [PMID: 23102864 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) reveal links between genetic variance and predisposition to disease. With the advent of modern 'omics-technologies', GWAS can now identify the genetic factors that influence intermediate traits on pathways to disease, such as blood concentrations of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, and secondary metabolites, hormones and signal molecules. At the example of recent GWAS with metabolic traits (mGWAS) we review the high-throughput screening approaches that are available to further advance the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
179
|
Abstract
Metabolomics has a special place among other 'omics' disciplines (genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics) as it describes the most dynamic level of biological regulation and, as such, provides the most direct reflection of the physiological status of an organism. Quick development of the analytical technologies in the first place - MS and NMR - has enabled the metabolomics analysis of such complex biological phenomena as host-pathogen interactions in the development of infection. In this review, an overview of the metabolomics studies of infectious diseases carried out on human material is provided. The relevant papers on the metabolomics of human infectious diseases are comprehensively summarized in a table, including, for example, information on the study design, number of subjects, employed technology and metabolic discriminator. Future considerations, such as importance of the time-resolved study designs and the embedment of metabolomics in large-scale epidemiological studies are discussed.
Collapse
|
180
|
Abstract
Metabolomics is the systematic study of the unique chemical fingerprints of small molecules or metabolite profiles that are related to a variety of cellular metabolic processes in a cell, organ, or organism. Although messenger RNA gene expression data and proteomic analyses do not tell the whole story of what might be happening in a cell, metabolic profiling provides direct and indirect physiologic insights that can potentially be detectable in a wide range of biospecimens. Although not specific to cardiac conditions, translating metabolomics to cardiovascular biomarkers has followed the traditional path of biomarker discovery from identification and confirmation to clinical validation and bedside testing. With technological advances in metabolomic tools (such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry) and more sophisticated bioinformatics and analytical techniques, the ability to measure low-molecular-weight metabolites in biospecimens provides a unique insight into established and novel metabolic pathways. Systemic metabolomics may provide physiologic understanding of cardiovascular disease states beyond traditional profiling and may involve descriptions of metabolic responses of an individual or population to therapeutic interventions or environmental exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Todd Senn
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
181
|
Abstract
Diabetes represents one of the most important global health problems because it is associated with a large economic burden on the health systems of many countries. Whereas the diagnosis and treatment of manifest diabetes have been well investigated, the identification of novel pathways or early biomarkers indicative of metabolic alterations or insulin resistance related to the development of diabetes is still in progress. Over half of the type 2 diabetes patients show manifestations of diabetes-related diseases, which highlight the need for early screening markers of diabetes. During the last decade, the rapidly growing research field of metabolomics has introduced new insights into the pathology of diabetes as well as methods to predict disease onset and has revealed new biomarkers. Recent epidemiological studies first used metabolism to predict incident diabetes and revealed branched-chain and aromatic amino acids including isoleucine, leucine, valine, tyrosine and phenylalanine as highly significant predictors of future diabetes. This review summarises the current findings of metabolic research regarding diabetes in animal models and human investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nele Friedrich
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
182
|
Abstract
Testosterone is the major circulating androgen in men but exhibits an age-related decline in the ageing male. Late-onset hypogonadism or androgen deficiency syndrome (ADS) is a 'syndromic' disorder including both a persistent low testosterone serum concentration and major clinical symptoms, including erectile dysfunction, low libido, decreased muscle mass and strength, increased body fat, decreased vitality or depressed mood. Given its unspecific symptoms, treatment goals and monitoring parameters, this review will outline the various uncertainties concerning the diagnosis, therapy and monitoring of ADS to date. Literature was identified primarily through searches for specific investigators in the PubMed database. No date or language limits were applied in the literature search for the present review. The current state of research, showing that metabolomics is starting to have an impact not only on disease diagnosis and prognosis but also on drug treatment efficacy and safety monitoring, will be presented, and the application of metabolomics to improve the clinical management of ADS will be discussed. Finally, the scientific opportunities presented by metabolomics and other -omics as novel and promising tools for biomarker discovery and individualised testosterone replacement therapy in men will be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Haring
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
183
|
Llorach R, Garcia-Aloy M, Tulipani S, Vazquez-Fresno R, Andres-Lacueva C. Nutrimetabolomic strategies to develop new biomarkers of intake and health effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:8797-8808. [PMID: 22594919 DOI: 10.1021/jf301142b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Correctly assessing the metabolic status of subjects after consumption of specific diets is an important challenge for modern nutrition. Recently, metabolomics has been proposed as a powerful tool for exploring the complex relationship between nutrition and health. Nutritional metabolomics, through investigating the role that dietary components play in the maintenance of health and development of risk disease, aims to identify new biomarkers that allow the intake of these compounds to be monitored and related to their expected biological effects. This review offers an overview of the application of nutrimetabolomic strategies in the discovery of new biomarkers in human nutritional research, suggesting three main categories: (1) assessment of nutritional and dietary interventions; (2) diet exposure and food consumption monitoring; and (3) health phenotype and metabolic impact of diet. For this purpose, several examples of these applications will be used to provide evidence and to discuss the advantages and drawbacks of these nutrimetabolomic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Llorach
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, XaRTA, INSA, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Barcelona , Avinguda Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
184
|
Turer AT. Using metabolomics to assess myocardial metabolism and energetics in heart failure. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 55:12-8. [PMID: 22982115 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There is a long history of investigation into the metabolism of the failing heart. Congestive heart failure is marked both by severe disruptions in myocardial energy supply and an inability of the heart to efficiently uptake and oxidize fuels. Despite the many advancements in our understanding, there are still even more outstanding questions in the field. Metabolomics has the power to assist our understanding of the metabolic derangements which accompany myocardial dysfunction. Metabolomic investigations in animal models of heart failure have already highlighted several novel, potentially important pathways of substrate selection and toxicity. Metabolomic biomarker studies in humans, already successfully applied to other forms of cardiovascular disease, have the potential to improve diagnosis and patient care. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Focus on Cardiac Metabolism".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aslan T Turer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-8521, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
185
|
Abstract
The exposome concept promotes use of omic tools for discovering biomarkers of exposure and biomarkers of disease in studies of diseased and healthy populations. A two-stage scheme is presented for profiling omic features in serum to discover molecular biomarkers and then for applying these biomarkers in follow-up studies. The initial component, referred to as an exposome-wide-association study (EWAS), employs metabolomics and proteomics to interrogate the serum exposome and, ultimately, to identify, validate and differentiate biomarkers of exposure and biomarkers of disease. Follow-up studies employ knowledge-driven designs to explore disease causality, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Rappaport
- Center for Exposure Biology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7356, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
186
|
Abstract
Infectious diseases can be difficult to cure, especially if the pathogen forms a biofilm. After decades of extensive research into the morphology, physiology and genomics of biofilm formation, attention has recently been directed toward the analysis of the cellular metabolome in order to understand the transformation of a planktonic cell to a biofilm. Metabolomics can play an invaluable role in enhancing our understanding of the underlying biological processes related to the structure, formation and antibiotic resistance of biofilms. A systematic view of metabolic pathways or processes responsible for regulating this 'social structure' of microorganisms may provide critical insights into biofilm-related drug resistance and lead to novel treatments. This review will discuss the development of NMR-based metabolomics as a technology to study medically relevant biofilms. Recent advancements from case studies reviewed in this manuscript have shown the potential of metabolomics to shed light on numerous biological problems related to biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 722 Hamilton Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Robert Powers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 722 Hamilton Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| |
Collapse
|
187
|
Tang B, Ding J, Wu F, Chen L, Yang Y, Song F. 1H NMR-based metabonomics study of the urinary biochemical changes in Kansui treated rat. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 141:134-142. [PMID: 22406398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The dried root of Kansui (Euphorbia kansui L.) is a commonly used and effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). AIM OF THE STUDY We combined the urinary metabolites alteration and traditional assays of Kansui-induced rats to discuss the mechanism of toxicity of Kansui. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed with 7.875g Kansui/kg weight and 15.75g Kansui/kg weight. Urine samples were collected at day -1 (before treatment), and days 7, 14 and 21 for NMR analysis. Plasma and liver and kidney tissues were collected at day 14 for biochemical assays and histopathological examination, respectively. RESULTS The metabonome of rats treated with Kansui differed markedly from that of the controls. This was confirmed by the histopathology of liver and kidney tissue and clinical biochemistry analysis. The toxicity of Kansui accumulated with dosing time, and persisted even when treatment was stopped. The corresponding biochemical pathways alterations included inhibited TCA cycle, increased anaerobic glycolysis, and perturbed amino acids metabolism. CONCLUSION The biochemical pathways disorder conjunction with histopathology changes provides new clues to evaluate the toxicity of Kansui from a systematic and holistic view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingwen Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
188
|
|
189
|
Würtz P, Raiko JR, Magnussen CG, Soininen P, Kangas AJ, Tynkkynen T, Thomson R, Laatikainen R, Savolainen MJ, Laurikka J, Kuukasjärvi P, Tarkka M, Karhunen PJ, Jula A, Viikari JS, Kähönen M, Lehtimäki T, Juonala M, Ala-Korpela M, Raitakari OT. High-throughput quantification of circulating metabolites improves prediction of subclinical atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J 2012; 33:2307-16. [PMID: 22450427 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS High-throughput metabolite quantification holds promise for cardiovascular risk assessment. Here, we evaluated whether metabolite quantification by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) improves prediction of subclinical atherosclerosis in comparison to conventional lipid testing. METHODS AND RESULTS Circulating lipids, lipoprotein subclasses, and small molecules were assayed by NMR for 1595 individuals aged 24-39 years from the population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, was measured in 2001 and 2007. Baseline conventional risk factors and systemic metabolites were used to predict 6-year incidence of high IMT (≥ 90 th percentile) or plaque. The best prediction of high intima-media thickness was achieved when total and HDL cholesterol were replaced by NMR-determined LDL cholesterol and medium HDL, docosahexaenoic acid, and tyrosine in prediction models with risk factors from the Framingham risk score. The extended prediction model improved risk stratification beyond established risk factors alone; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.764 vs. 0.737, P =0.02, and net reclassification index 17.6%, P =0.0008. Higher docosahexaenoic acid levels were associated with decreased risk for incident high IMT (odds ratio: 0.74; 95% confidence interval: 0.67-0.98; P = 0.007). Tyrosine (1.33; 1.10-1.60; P = 0.003) and glutamine (1.38; 1.13-1.68; P = 0.001) levels were associated with 6-year incident high IMT independent of lipid measures. Furthermore, these amino acids were cross-sectionally associated with carotid IMT and the presence of angiographically ascertained coronary artery disease in independent populations. CONCLUSION High-throughput metabolite quantification, with new systemic biomarkers, improved risk stratification for subclinical atherosclerosis in comparison to conventional lipids and could potentially be useful for early cardiovascular risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Würtz
- Computational Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|