151
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Haselbeck C, Niederberger U, Gubi-Kelm S, Jahn F, Dautwiz F, Siniatchkin M. Secure attachment style appears to compensate for the effect of prenatal maternal distress regarding difficult infant temperament development. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2018; 47:239-251. [PMID: 30080118 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Secure attachment style is a known protective factor regarding psychopathological development. The infant's attachment style, which is developed during the first two years of life, is therefore considered a moderating factor on the association between prenatal maternal distress and child temperament development which has repeatedly been reported in previous studies. Method: In this longitudinal study on a new sample of 51 mother-child-dyads, reported maternal distress and maternal empathy were assessed during pregnancy. Infant temperament and motor development were assessed at 12 months, while additionally controlling for the infant's attachment style as a postnatal factor. Results: Infants with secure attachment style whose mothers had experienced higher prenatal distress showed slightly better gross motor development at the age of 12 months. No association could be found between prenatal maternal distress and infant temperament. Conclusions: The results support the view that secure attachment style in children is a protective factor and softens the effects of prenatal maternal distress on difficult temperament development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Haselbeck
- 1 Institut für Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus, Kiel, Germany
| | - Uwe Niederberger
- 1 Institut für Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus, Kiel, Germany
| | - Silvia Gubi-Kelm
- 2 Department of Psychology, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Jahn
- 1 Institut für Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus, Kiel, Germany
| | - Friederike Dautwiz
- 1 Institut für Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Siniatchkin
- 1 Institut für Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus, Kiel, Germany
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152
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Prenatal intimate partner violence exposure predicts infant biobehavioral regulation: Moderation by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene. Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:1009-1021. [DOI: 10.1017/s0954579418000329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe ability to regulate stress is a critical developmental milestone of early childhood that involves a set of interconnected behavioral and physiological processes and is influenced by genetic and environmental stimuli. Prenatal exposure to traumatic stress and trauma, including intimate partner violence (IPV), increases risk for offspring biobehavioral regulation problems during childhood and adolescence. Although individual differences in susceptibility to prenatal stress have been largely unexplored, a handful of studies suggest children with specific genetic characteristics are most vulnerable to prenatal stress. We evaluated the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met gene (BDNF) as a moderator of the effect of prenatal IPV exposure on infant temperamental and cortisol regulation in response to a psychosocial challenge. Ninety-nine mother–infant dyads recruited from the community were assessed when infants (51% female) were 11 to 14 months. Maternal reports of IPV during pregnancy and infant temperament were obtained, and infant saliva was collected for genotyping and to assess cortisol reactivity (before and after the Strange Situation Task). Significant genetic moderation effects were found. Among infants with the BDNF Met allele, prenatal IPV predicted worse temperamental regulation and mobilization of the cortisol response, while controlling for infant postnatal exposure to IPV, other maternal traumatic experiences, and infant sex. However, prenatal IPV exposure was not associated with temperamental or cortisol outcomes among infant carriers of the Val/Val genotype. Findings are discussed in relation to prenatal programming and biological susceptibility to stress.
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153
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Conradt E, Adkins DE, Crowell SE, Raby KL, Diamond L, Ellis B. Incorporating epigenetic mechanisms to advance fetal programming theories. Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:807-824. [PMID: 30068415 PMCID: PMC6079515 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579418000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Decades of fetal programming research indicates that we may be able to map the origins of many physical, psychological, and medical variations and morbidities before the birth of the child. While great strides have been made in identifying associations between prenatal insults, such as undernutrition or psychosocial stress, and negative developmental outcomes, far less is known about how adaptive responses to adversity regulate the developing phenotype to match stressful conditions. As the application of epigenetic methods to human behavior has exploded in the last decade, research has begun to shed light on the role of epigenetic mechanisms in explaining how prenatal conditions shape later susceptibilities to mental and physical health problems. In this review, we describe and attempt to integrate two dominant fetal programming models: the cumulative stress model (a disease-focused approach) and the match-mismatch model (an evolutionary-developmental approach). In conjunction with biological sensitivity to context theory, we employ these two models to generate new hypotheses regarding epigenetic mechanisms through which prenatal and postnatal experiences program child stress reactivity and, in turn, promote development of adaptive versus maladaptive phenotypic outcomes. We conclude by outlining priority questions and future directions for the fetal programming field.
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154
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Orta OR, Tworoger SS, Terry KL, Coull BA, Gelaye B, Kirschbaum C, Sanchez SE, Williams MA. An evaluation of distal hair cortisol concentrations collected at delivery. Stress 2018; 21:355-365. [PMID: 29614892 PMCID: PMC6132258 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2018.1458088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Distal hair segments collected at delivery may allow for the assessment of maternal cortisol secretion in early pregnancy, an important time window for fetal development. Therefore, an investigation of the validity of distal hair cortisol concentrations is warranted. We examined the concordance between proximal and distal hair cortisol concentrations (HCC), both representing the first trimester of pregnancy. The study population was comprised of a random sample of 97 women participating in the Pregnancy Outcomes Maternal and Infant Study, a prospective cohort study of pregnant women attending prenatal clinics in Lima, Peru. Each participant provided two hair samples: once at enrollment [mean gestational age (GA) = 13.1 weeks] and again at full-term delivery (mean GA = 39.0 weeks). Hair segments reflecting the first trimester were: 3 cm hair segments closest to the scalp on the first hair sample (proximal) and 6-9 cm from the scalp on the second hair sample (distal). HCC was determined using Luminescence Immunoassay. A subset (N = 28) had both hair segments additionally analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). HCC values were log-transformed (logHCC), and proximal-distal differences tested using paired sample t-tests. Concordance was evaluated within and across assay types. LogHCC, measured using immunoassay, in distal hair segments was lower compared to proximal hair segments (1.35 versus 1.64 respectively; p = .02). No difference was observed using LC-MS/MS (1.99 versus 1.83, respectively; p=.33). Proximal-distal concordance was low within assay (immunoassay: Pearson = 0.27 and κ = 0.10; LC-MS/MS: Pearson = 0.37 and κ = 0.07). High correlation was observed across assays for both distal (Pearson = 0.78, p < .001; κ = 0.64) and proximal segments (Pearson = 0.96, p < .001; κ = 0.75). In conclusion, distal first-trimester hair segments collected at delivery have lower absolute HCC compared to HCC in proximal first trimester hair segments collected in early pregnancy, and are poorly concordant with HCC in proximal segments. Findings may inform the design of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R. Orta
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Massachusetts, USA
- Corresponding author postal address: , 677 Huntington Ave, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Room Kresge 500, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Massachusetts, USA
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kathryn L. Terry
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brent A. Coull
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Sixto E. Sanchez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Lima, Peru
- Asociacion Civil Proyectos en Salud (PROESA), Lima, Peru
| | - Michelle A. Williams
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Massachusetts, USA
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155
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Prenatal exposure to disaster-related traumatic stress and developmental trajectories of temperament in early childhood: Superstorm Sandy pregnancy study. J Affect Disord 2018; 234:335-345. [PMID: 29614461 PMCID: PMC5963732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the impact of prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) on the developmental trajectory of temperament and few studies have been able to incorporate a natural disaster as a quasi-experimental stressor. The current study investigated PNMS related to Superstorm Sandy ('Sandy'), a hurricane that struck the New York metropolitan area in October 2012, in terms of objective exposure during pregnancy, subjective stress reaction as assessed by maternal symptoms of post-traumatic stress, and their impact on the developmental changes in temperament during early childhood. METHOD A subsample of 318 mother-child dyads was drawn from the Stress in Pregnancy Study. Temperament was measured at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. RESULTS Objective exposure was associated with greater High-Intensity Pleasure, Approach, Perceptual Sensitivity and Fearfulness, but lower Cuddliness and Duration of Orientation at 6 months. Objective exposure and its interaction with subjective stress reaction predicted developmental changes in temperament. In particular, objective exposure was linked to greater increases in Activity Level but decreases in High-Intensity Pleasure, Approach, and Fearfulness. The combination of objective exposure and subjective stress reaction was also associated with greater increases in Activity Level. LIMITATIONS Temperament was measured solely via maternal report. Trimester-specific effects of Sandy on temperament were not examined. CONCLUSION This is the first study to examine the effects of prenatal maternal exposure to a natural disaster on trajectories of early childhood temperament. Findings suggest that both objective stress exposure and subjective stress reaction in-utero predict developmental trajectories of temperament in early childhood.
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156
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Kim DJ, Davis EP, Sandman CA, Sporns O, O'Donnell BF, Buss C, Hetrick WP. Prenatal Maternal Cortisol Has Sex-Specific Associations with Child Brain Network Properties. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:5230-5241. [PMID: 27664961 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated maternal cortisol concentrations have the potential to alter fetal development in a sex-specific manner. Female brains are known to show adaptive behavioral and anatomical flexibility in response to early-life exposure to cortisol, but it is not known how these sex-specific effects manifest at the whole-brain structural networks. A prospective longitudinal study of 49 mother child dyads was conducted with serial assessments of maternal cortisol levels from 15 to 37 gestational weeks. We modeled the structural network of typically developing children (aged 6-9 years) and examined its global connectome properties, rich-club organization, and modular architecture. Network segregation was susceptible only for girls to variations in exposure to maternal cortisol during pregnancy. Girls generated more connections than boys to maintain topologically capable and efficient neural circuits, and this increase in neural cost was associated with higher levels of internalizing problems. Maternal cortisol concentrations at 31 gestational weeks gestation were most strongly associated with altered neural connectivity in girls, suggesting a sensitive period for the maternal cortisol-offspring brain associations. Our data suggest that girls exhibit an adaptive response by increasing the neural network connectivity necessary for maintaining homeostasis and efficient brain function across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Elysia Poggi Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92866, USA
| | - Curt A Sandman
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92866, USA
| | - Olaf Sporns
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.,Indiana University Network Science Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Brian F O'Donnell
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Claudia Buss
- Institut für Medizinische Psychologie, Charité Centrum für Human-und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin 10117, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - William P Hetrick
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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157
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Lenz B, Röther M, Bouna-Pyrrou P, Mühle C, Tektas OY, Kornhuber J. The androgen model of suicide completion. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 172:84-103. [PMID: 29886148 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a devastating public health issue that imposes severe psychological, social, and economic burdens not only for the individuals but also for their relatives, friends, clinicians, and the general public. Among the different suicidal behaviors, suicide completion is the worst and the most relevant outcome. The knowledge of biological etiopathological mechanisms involved in suicide completion is limited. Hitherto, no objective markers, either alone or in combination, can reliably predict who will complete a suicide. However, such parameters are strongly needed to establish and optimize prediction and prevention. We introduce here a novel ideation-to-completion framework in suicide research and discuss the problems of studies aiming at identifying and validating clinically useful markers. The male gender is a specific risk factor for suicide, which suggests that androgen effects are implicated in the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide completion. We present multiple lines of direct and indirect evidence showing that both an increased prenatal androgen load (with subsequent permanent neuroadaptations) and increased adult androgen activity are involved in suicide completion. We also review data arguing that modifiable maternal behavioral traits during pregnancy contribute to the offspring's prenatal androgen load and increase the risk for suicide completion later in life. We conclude that in utero androgen exposure and adult androgen levels facilitate suicide completion in an synergistic manner. The androgen model of suicide completion provides the basis for the development of novel predictive and preventive strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany.
| | - Mareike Röther
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Polyxeni Bouna-Pyrrou
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Ozan Y Tektas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
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158
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Abstract
There is now a clear focus on incorporating, and integrating, multiple levels of analysis in developmental science. The current study adds to research in this area by including markers of the immune and neuroendocrine systems in a longitudinal study of temperament in infants. Observational and parent-reported ratings of infant temperament, serum markers of the innate immune system, and cortisol reactivity from repeated salivary collections were examined in a sample of 123 infants who were assessed at 6 months and again when they were, on average, 17 months old. Blood from venipuncture was collected for analyses of nine select innate immune cytokines; salivary cortisol collected prior to and 15 min and 30 min following a physical exam including blood draw was used as an index of neuroendocrine functioning. Analyses indicated fairly minimal significant associations between biological markers and temperament at 6 months. However, by 17 months of age, we found reliable and nonoverlapping associations between observed fearful temperament and biological markers of the immune and neuroendocrine systems. The findings provide some of the earliest evidence of robust biological correlates of fear behavior with the immune system, and identify possible immune and neuroendocrine mechanisms for understanding the origins of behavioral development.
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159
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Thomas JC, Magel C, Tomfohr-Madsen L, Madigan S, Letourneau N, Campbell TS, Giesbrecht GF. Adverse childhood experiences and HPA axis function in pregnant women. Horm Behav 2018; 102:10-22. [PMID: 29630895 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna C Thomas
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chantelle Magel
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Sheri Madigan
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Nicole Letourneau
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Faculty of Nursing, & Cumming School of Medicine (Pediatrics, Psychiatry & Community Health Sciences), University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Tavis S Campbell
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Gerald F Giesbrecht
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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160
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Frasch MG, Lobmaier SM, Stampalija T, Desplats P, Pallarés ME, Pastor V, Brocco MA, Wu HT, Schulkin J, Herry CL, Seely AJE, Metz GAS, Louzoun Y, Antonelli MC. Non-invasive biomarkers of fetal brain development reflecting prenatal stress: An integrative multi-scale multi-species perspective on data collection and analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 117:165-183. [PMID: 29859198 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal stress (PS) impacts early postnatal behavioural and cognitive development. This process of 'fetal programming' is mediated by the effects of the prenatal experience on the developing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system (ANS). We derive a multi-scale multi-species approach to devising preclinical and clinical studies to identify early non-invasively available pre- and postnatal biomarkers of PS. The multiple scales include brain epigenome, metabolome, microbiome and the ANS activity gauged via an array of advanced non-invasively obtainable properties of fetal heart rate fluctuations. The proposed framework has the potential to reveal mechanistic links between maternal stress during pregnancy and changes across these physiological scales. Such biomarkers may hence be useful as early and non-invasive predictors of neurodevelopmental trajectories influenced by the PS as well as follow-up indicators of success of therapeutic interventions to correct such altered neurodevelopmental trajectories. PS studies must be conducted on multiple scales derived from concerted observations in multiple animal models and human cohorts performed in an interactive and iterative manner and deploying machine learning for data synthesis, identification and validation of the best non-invasive detection and follow-up biomarkers, a prerequisite for designing effective therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin G Frasch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
| | - Silvia M Lobmaier
- Frauenklinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tamara Stampalija
- Unit of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Institute for Mother and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paula Desplats
- University of California, Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, San Diego, USA
| | - María Eugenia Pallarés
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. Eduardo De Robertis", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica Pastor
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. Eduardo De Robertis", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela A Brocco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas - Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNSAM-CONICET), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hau-Tieng Wu
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Mathematics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jay Schulkin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | | | | | - Gerlinde A S Metz
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yoram Louzoun
- Bar-Ilan University, Department of Applied Mathematics, Israel
| | - Marta C Antonelli
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. Eduardo De Robertis", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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161
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Swales DA, Winiarski DA, Smith AK, Stowe ZN, Newport DJ, Brennan PA. Maternal depression and cortisol in pregnancy predict offspring emotional reactivity in the preschool period. Dev Psychobiol 2018; 60:557-566. [PMID: 29802624 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal exposures to higher levels of maternal cortisol and depression have been linked to a variety of adverse physiological, neurological, and behavioral outcomes, such as dysregulated cortisol production, structural and functional differences in limbic areas of the brain, and greater negative emotionality. This study investigated prospective associations between maternal prepartum depression/cortisol levels and offspring emotional reactivity in 163 mother-child pairs. Women were assessed repeatedly during pregnancy, and later participated in a laboratory visit with their preschool-aged children. Mothers self-reported on depressive symptomatology during pregnancy and provided saliva samples for cortisol assay. Offspring emotional reactivity was assessed through multiple measures, including caregiver reports, cortisol response following a stressor, and laboratory observations of behavior. The findings suggest potential prenatal timing effects, with depression and maternal cortisol measured in the first and second trimesters being more strongly associated with child emotional reactivity. Sex was found to moderate associations between maternal prepartum depression/cortisol and child emotional reactivity, with the general pattern reflecting positive associations in girls, and negative associations in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alicia K Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zachary N Stowe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - D Jeffrey Newport
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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162
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Lara-Cinisomo S, Swinford C, Massey D, Hardt H. Diabetes, Prenatal Depression, and Self-Rated Health in Latina Mothers. Diabetes Spectr 2018; 31:159-165. [PMID: 29773936 PMCID: PMC5951227 DOI: 10.2337/ds17-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latinas in the United States have elevated rates of diabetes and prenatal depression (PND). The presence of diabetes and PND can also have a negative effect on women's self-rated health (SRH), a commonly used indicator of health that is consistent with objective health status and is a predictor of mortality. However, the associations between PND, diabetes, and SRH have not been tested, particularly among Latinas, who have elevated risk of both medical conditions. To address this gap, this pilot study tested the association between PND and diabetes using data from Latinas enrolled during their third trimester of pregnancy and explored whether these health conditions were associated with SRH in these women. METHODS For this study, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to determine PND status, self-reported medical history to determine diabetes status, and SRH before and during the current pregnancy in a sample of 34 prenatal Latinas. Participants were invited to take part in the study in their third trimester of pregnancy. Bivariate analyses and logistic regressions were used to test associations between demographic variables, PND, diabetes, and SRH. RESULTS There was no significant association between PND and diabetes status in this sample of Latinas. There was a significant difference in SRH from pre-pregnancy to pregnancy, with worse ratings reported during pregnancy. Furthermore, women with PND or diabetes reported worse SRH, even after controlling for pre-pregnancy SRH. CONCLUSION SRH is an important and robust variable associated with PND and diabetes in prenatal Latinas, making it an important factor to assess when treating this high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandraluz Lara-Cinisomo
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Claire Swinford
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Danielle Massey
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Heidi Hardt
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
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163
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Pehme PM, Zhang W, Finik J, Pritchett A, Buthmann J, Dana K, Hao K, Nomura Y. Placental MAOA expression mediates prenatal stress effects on temperament in 12-month-olds. INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT 2018; 27. [PMID: 30505241 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The placenta adapts to maternal environment and its alterations may have a lasting impact on child's temperament development. Prenatal stress has been linked to both a downregulation of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene expression in the placenta and to difficult temperament. Capitalizing on an ongoing longitudinal study, we analysed data from 95 mother-child dyads to investigate whether MAOA mediates the association between prenatal stress and infant temperament. Prenatal stress was defined as exposure to Superstorm Sandy (Sandy) during pregnancy. Infant temperament was measured by Infant Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised. MAOA gene expression was quantified in placenta tissue. The Smiling and Laughter subscale score was independently associated with Sandy exposure and MAOA placental gene expression. Mediation analysis confirmed that MAOA expression partially mediated the relationship between Sandy and Smiling and Laughter subscale, suggesting that in utero exposure to Sandy could induce lower frequency of smiling and laughter via downregulation of placental MAOA gene expression. These effects could compromise optimal temperamental trajectory and contribute to risk for psychological problems. Placental epigenetic markers can contribute to a multidimensional model of early intervention for high-risk children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Pehme
- Clinical Psychology Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Clinical Psychology Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA
| | - Jackie Finik
- Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexandra Pritchett
- Clinical Psychology Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Buthmann
- Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA
| | - Kathryn Dana
- Clinical Psychology Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yoko Nomura
- Clinical Psychology Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, New York, USA.,Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA
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164
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Handal AJ, Garcia Saavedra L, Schrader R, Aragón CL, Páez M, Lowe JR. Assessment of Maternal-Infant Interaction: Application of the Still Face Paradigm in a Rural Population of Working Women in Ecuador. Matern Child Health J 2018; 21:458-466. [PMID: 27443651 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-016-2123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The importance of mother-child interaction in early infancy on child development has been well documented. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of using the Still Face Paradigm to measure mother interactive style, infant affect and emotional regulation in a rural Ecuador setting. Methods Infant's emotional regulation and the quality of mother's interaction were measured with the Still Face Paradigm at 4 months of age (±15 days). Twenty-four infants and their mothers were assessed in their home. Mother interactive style was coded for attention seeking and contingent responding. Emotional regulation was described by change in infant affect between Still Face episodes. Results A significant difference was found for infant affect between the five Still Face episodes (F1,118 = 9.185, p = 0.003). A significant negative correlation was found for infant affect between episode 3 and 2 with attention seeking mother interactive style during episode 3 (rho = -0.44, p = 0.03), indicating that mothers using more contingent-responding interactions had infants with more positive affect. Conversely, a significant positive association was found for infant affect between episode 3 and 2 and contingent responding mother interactive style during episode 3 (rho = 0.46, p = 0.02), indicating that mothers who used more attention seeking play had infants who showed less positive affect. Conclusion for Practice Study results demonstrate feasibility in using the Still Face Paradigm in working populations residing in a rural region in Ecuadorian highlands and may be feasible in other similar populations in Latin America, and as a successful approach to measuring maternal-child interactions within a field-based epidemiological study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis J Handal
- Public Health Program, Department of Family Community Medicine, MSC09 5040, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131-0001, USA.
| | - Luigi Garcia Saavedra
- Public Health Program, Department of Family Community Medicine, MSC09 5040, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131-0001, USA
| | - Ronald Schrader
- Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Crystal L Aragón
- Department of Pediatrics/Neonatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Maritza Páez
- College of Health Sciences, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Cumbaya, Ecuador
| | - Jean R Lowe
- Department of Pediatrics/Neonatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
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165
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Zhang W, Li Q, Deyssenroth M, Lambertini L, Finik J, Ham J, Huang Y, Tsuchiya KJ, Pehme P, Buthmann J, Yoshida S, Chen J, Nomura Y. Timing of prenatal exposure to trauma and altered placental expressions of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis genes and genes driving neurodevelopment. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:e12581. [PMID: 29423924 PMCID: PMC5939590 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal maternal stress increases the risk for negative developmental outcomes in offspring; however, the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In the present study, alterations in placental gene expression associated with maternal stress were examined to clarify the potential underlying epi/genetic mechanisms. Expression levels of 40 selected genes involved in regulating foetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and neurodevelopment were profiled in placental tissues collected from a birth cohort established around the time of Superstorm Sandy. Objective prenatal traumatic stress was defined as whether mothers were exposed to Superstorm Sandy during pregnancy. Among the 275 mother-infant dyads, 181 dyads were delivered before Superstorm Sandy (ie, Control), 66 dyads were exposed to Superstorm Sandy during the first trimester (ie, Early Exposure) and 28 were exposed to Superstorm Sandy during the second or third trimester (ie, Mid-Late Exposure). Across all trimesters, expression of HSD11B2, MAOA, ZNF507 and DYRK1A was down-regulated among those exposed to Superstorm Sandy during pregnancy. Furthermore, trimester-specific differences were also observed: exposure during early gestation was associated with down-regulation of HSD11B1 and MAOB and up-regulation of CRHBP; exposure during mid-late gestation was associated with up-regulation of SRD5A3. The findings of the present study suggest that placental gene expression may be altered in response to traumatic stress exposure during pregnancy, and the susceptibility of these genes is dependent on the time of the exposure during pregnancy. Further studies should aim to clarify the biological mechanisms that underlie trimester-specific exposure by evaluating the differential impact on offspring neurodevelopment later in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Queens College, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Qian Li
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maya Deyssenroth
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jackie Finik
- Queens College, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- The Graduate Center, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, CUNY, New York, NY, United State
| | - Jacob Ham
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Psychiatry, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yongling Huang
- The Graduate Center, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kenji J Tsuchiya
- Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Patricia Pehme
- Queens College, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- The Graduate Center, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jessica Buthmann
- Queens College, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- The Graduate Center, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sachiko Yoshida
- Department of Environmental & Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Jia Chen
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yoko Nomura
- Queens College, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- The Graduate Center, CUNY, Psychology, New York, NY, United States
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Psychiatry, New York, NY, United States
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166
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Rhee YS, Park JH, Cha HJ, Kim KH. The Psychometric Validation of the EPDS-K Among Korean Women: Does It Only Measure Depressive Symptoms? Perspect Psychiatr Care 2018; 54:115-125. [PMID: 28090639 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to test the validity of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale-Korean (EPDS-K) and compare the specified models (one-, two-, three-factor model, and a model in the current study) in pregnant, first-trimester Korean women. DESIGN AND METHODS The study consisted of two groups of 100 first-trimester Korean women recruited from maternity clinics in Korea. FINDINGS The results show that the EPDS-K has depression, anxiety, and anhedonia factors, and that the validity of the EPDS-K with Korean women is questionable. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Healthcare providers should test the psychometric properties of tools for screening accuracy, clinical decision-making, and understanding of a phenomenon within different cultural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sun Rhee
- Young-sun Rhee, PhD, is an Associate Professor, Department of Administration and Social welfare, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwan Park
- Jeong-hwan Park, PhD, RN, is an Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Cha
- Hee-Jeong Cha, PhD, is an Associate Professor, Department of English Language, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kye-Ha Kim
- Kye-ha Kim, PhD, RN, is an Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
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167
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Cortisol, cortisone, and BDNF in amniotic fluid in the second trimester of pregnancy: Effect of early life and current maternal stress and socioeconomic status. Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:971-980. [PMID: 29576035 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579418000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The prenatal environment shapes the offspring's phenotype; moreover, transgenerational stress and stress during pregnancy may play a role. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glucocorticoids influence neurodevelopment during pregnancy, and there is evidence that BDNF in amniotic fluid is mainly of fetal origin, while the source of glucocorticoids is maternal. We tested the hypothesis that maternal early life stress, psychiatric diagnoses, anxiety, perceived stress, and socioeconomic status influence BDNF and glucocorticoid concentrations in amniotic fluid in the second trimester. We studied 79 pregnant women who underwent amniocentesis in the early second trimester and analyzed BDNF, cortisol, and cortisone concentrations in amniotic fluid. The endocrine data were related to maternal early life adversities (Childhood Trauma Questionaire), perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale), anxiety, socioeconomic status (family income), and the presence of psychiatric diseases. We found BDNF in amniotic fluid to be positively related to maternal early adversity (Childhood Trauma Questionaire). Low family income (socioeconomic status) was related to high amniotic fluid glucocorticoid concentrations. Neither glucocorticoid concentrations nor hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (HSD2) activity could be related to BDNF concentrations in amniotic fluid. Early maternal adverse events may be reflected in the fetal BDNF regulation, and it should be tested whether this relates to differences in neurodevelopment.
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168
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van der Hulst M, de Groot MW, de Graaf JP, Kok R, Prinzie P, Burdorf A, Bertens LCM, Steegers EAP. Targeted social care for highly vulnerable pregnant women: protocol of the Mothers of Rotterdam cohort study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e020199. [PMID: 29549208 PMCID: PMC5857660 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social vulnerability is known to be related to ill health. When a pregnant woman is socially vulnerable, the ill health does not only affect herself, but also the health and development of her (unborn) child. To optimise care for highly vulnerable pregnant women, in Rotterdam, a holistic programme was developed in close collaboration between the university hospital, the local government and a non-profit organisation. This programme aims to organise social and medical care from pregnancy until the second birthday of the child, while targeting adult and child issues simultaneously. In 2014, a pilot in the municipality of Rotterdam demonstrated the significance of this holistic approach for highly vulnerable pregnant women. In the 'Mothers of Rotterdam' study, we aim to prospectively evaluate the effectiveness of the holistic approach, referred to as targeted social care. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Mothers of Rotterdam study is a pragmatic prospective cohort study planning to include 1200 highly vulnerable pregnant women for the comparison between targeted social care and care as usual. Effectiveness will be compared on the following outcomes: (1) child development (does the child show adaptive development at year 1?) and (2) maternal mental health (is maternal distress reduced at the end of the social care programme?). Propensity scores will be used to correct for baseline differences between both social care programmes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The prospective cohort study was approved by the Erasmus Medical Centre Ethics Committee (ref. no. MEC-2016-012) and the first results of the study are expected to be available in the second half of 2019 through publication in peer-reviewed international journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NTR6271; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije van der Hulst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein W de Groot
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna P de Graaf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Kok
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Prinzie
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Loes C M Bertens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric A P Steegers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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169
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Rotheram-Fuller EJ, Tomlinson M, Scheffler A, Weichle TW, Rezvan PH, Comulada WS, Rotheram-Borus MJ. Maternal patterns of antenatal and postnatal depressed mood and the impact on child health at 3-years postpartum. J Consult Clin Psychol 2018; 86:218-230. [PMID: 29504791 PMCID: PMC5842813 DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The consequences of maternal depressed mood on children's growth, health, and cognitive and language development are examined over the first 3 years of life. METHOD Pregnant women in 24 periurban township neighborhoods in Cape Town, South Africa (N = 1,238 mothers) were randomized by neighborhood to a home visiting intervention or a standard care condition. Reassessments were conducted for 93%-85% of mothers at 2-weeks, 6-, 18-, and 36-months postbirth. Regressions were conducted on measures of children's growth, behavior, language, and cognition to examine the impact of four patterns of depressed mood: antenatal only (n = 154, 13.8%), postnatal only (n = 272, 24.3%), antenatal and postnatal (n = 220, 19.7%), and no depressed mood on any assessment (n = 473, 42.3%). RESULTS Patterns of depressed mood were similar across intervention conditions. Depressed mothers were significantly less educated, had lower incomes, were less likely to be employed or to have electricity; were more likely to report problematic drinking of alcohol, experience food insecurity, interpersonal partner violence, and to be HIV seropositive. At 36 months, the pattern of maternal depressed mood over time was significantly associated with children's compromised physical growth, both in weight and height, and more internalizing and externalizing symptoms of behavior problems. Measures of language and cognition were similar across maternal patterns of depressed mood. CONCLUSIONS Mothers who report depressed mood face significantly more life challenges, both environmental stressors related to poverty and other problematic behaviors. More proximal, postnatal depressed mood appears to have a larger influence on their children, compared with antenatal depressed mood. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin J. Rotheram-Fuller
- Division of Education Leadership and Innovation, Mary Lou Fulton Teacher’s College, Arizona State University
| | - Mark Tomlinson
- Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1 Matieland, 7602 South Africa
| | - Aaron Scheffler
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Thomas W. Weichle
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Panteha Hayati Rezvan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Warren Scott Comulada
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024
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170
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Hartman S, Freeman SM, Bales KL, Belsky J. Prenatal Stress as a Risk-and an Opportunity-Factor. Psychol Sci 2018; 29:572-580. [PMID: 29412055 DOI: 10.1177/0956797617739983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two separate lines of research indicate (a) that prenatal stress is associated with heightened behavioral and physiological reactivity and (b) that these postnatal phenotypes are associated with increased susceptibility to both positive and negative developmental experiences. Therefore, prenatal stress may increase sensitivity to the rearing environment. We tested this hypothesis by manipulating prenatal stress and rearing-environment quality, using a cross-fostering paradigm, in prairie voles. Results showed that prenatally stressed voles, as adults, displayed the highest behavioral and physiological reactivity when cross-fostered to low-contact (i.e., low-quality) rearing but the lowest behavioral and physiological reactivity when cross-fostered to high-contact (i.e., high-quality) rearing; non-prenatally stressed voles showed no effect of rearing condition. Additionally, while neither prenatal stress nor rearing condition affected oxytocin receptor binding, prenatally stressed voles cross-fostered to high-contact rearing showed the highest vasopressin-1a receptor binding in the amygdala. Results indicate that prenatal stress induces greater environmental sensitivity, making it both a risk and an opportunity factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hartman
- 1 Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis
| | - Sara M Freeman
- 2 Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis.,3 California National Primate Research Center, Davis, California
| | - Karen L Bales
- 2 Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis.,3 California National Primate Research Center, Davis, California
| | - Jay Belsky
- 1 Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis
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171
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Orta OR, Gelaye B, Bain PA, Williams MA. The association between maternal cortisol and depression during pregnancy, a systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health 2018; 21:43-53. [PMID: 28942465 PMCID: PMC5764810 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-017-0777-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Timing of cortisol collection during pregnancy is an important factor within studies reporting on the association between maternal cortisol and depression during pregnancy. Our objective was to further examine the extent to which reported associations differed across studies according to time of maternal cortisol collection during pregnancy. On December 15, 2016, records were identified using PubMed/MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine), EMBASE (Elsevier; 1974-), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL, EBSCO), PsycINFO (EBSCO), and Web of Science Core Collection (Thomson Reuters). Unique abstracts were screened using the following inclusion criteria: (1) maternal cortisol assessed during pregnancy; (2) antepartum depression assessed during pregnancy using a screening instrument; (3) reports on the association between maternal cortisol and antepartum depression; (4) provides information on timing of cortisol assessment during pregnancy, including time of day and gestation; and (5) not a review article or a case study. One thousand three hundred seventy-five records were identified, resulting in 826 unique abstracts. Twenty-nine articles met all inclusion criteria. On balance, most studies reported no association between maternal cortisol and antepartum depression (N = 17), and saliva and blood were the most common reported matrices. Morning and second and third trimesters were the most common times of collection during pregnancy. Among studies reporting an association (N = 12), second-trimester and third-trimester cortisol assessments more consistently reported an association and elevated cortisol concentrations were observed in expected recovery periods. Our review adds to the existing literature on the topic, highlighting gaps and strategic next steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R. Orta
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts,Corresponding author:
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul A. Bain
- Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michelle A. Williams
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
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172
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Moog NK, Entringer S, Rasmussen JM, Styner M, Gilmore JH, Kathmann N, Heim C, Wadhwa PD, Buss C. Intergenerational Effect of Maternal Exposure to Childhood Maltreatment on Newborn Brain Anatomy. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:120-127. [PMID: 28842114 PMCID: PMC5723537 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment (CM) confers deleterious long-term consequences, and growing evidence suggests some of these effects may be transmitted across generations. We examined the intergenerational effect of maternal CM exposure on child brain structure and also addressed the hypothesis that this effect may start during the child's intrauterine period of life. METHODS A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in a clinical convenience sample of 80 mother-child dyads. Maternal CM exposure was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was employed to characterize newborn global and regional brain (tissue) volumes near the time of birth. RESULTS CM exposure was reported by 35% of the women. Maternal CM exposure was associated with lower child intracranial volume (F1,70 = 6.84, p = .011), which was primarily due to a global difference in cortical gray matter (F1,70 = 9.10, p = .004). The effect was independent of potential confounding variables, including maternal socioeconomic status, obstetric complications, obesity, recent interpersonal violence, pre- and early postpartum stress, gestational age at birth, infant sex, and postnatal age at magnetic resonance imaging scan. The observed group difference between offspring of CM-exposed mothers versus nonexposed mothers was 6%. CONCLUSIONS These findings represent the first report to date associating maternal CM exposure with variation in newborn brain structure. These observations support our hypothesis of intergenerational transmission of the effects of maternal CM exposure on child brain development and suggest this effect may originate during the child's intrauterine period of life, which may have downstream neurodevelopmental consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora K. Moog
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Department of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Department of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany.,University of California, Irvine, Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, Orange, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Jerod M. Rasmussen
- University of California, Irvine, Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, Orange, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Martin Styner
- Departments of Psychiatry and Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - John H. Gilmore
- Departments of Psychiatry and Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Norbert Kathmann
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Heim
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Department of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, College of Health and Human Development, PA, USA
| | - Pathik D. Wadhwa
- University of California, Irvine, Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, Orange, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Claudia Buss
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany; Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.
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173
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Isgut M, Smith AK, Reimann ES, Kucuk O, Ryan J. The impact of psychological distress during pregnancy on the developing fetus: biological mechanisms and the potential benefits of mindfulness interventions. J Perinat Med 2017; 45:999-1011. [PMID: 28141546 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2016-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The in utero environment plays an essential role in shaping future growth and development. Psychological distress during pregnancy has been shown to perturb the delicate physiological milieu of pregnancy, and has been associated with negative repercussions in the offspring, including adverse birth outcomes, long-term defects in cognitive development, behavioral problems during childhood and high baseline levels of stress-related hormones. Fetal epigenetic programming, involving epigenetic processes, may help explain the link between maternal prenatal stress and its negative effects on the child. Given the potential long-term effects of early-life stress on a child's health, it is crucial to minimize maternal distress during pregnancy. A number of recent studies have examined the usefulness of mindfulness-based programs to reduce prenatal psychological stress and improve maternal psychological health, and these are reviewed here. Overall, the findings are promising, but more research is needed with large studies using randomized controlled study designs. It remains unclear whether or not such interventions could also improve child health outcomes, and whether these changes are modulated at the epigenetic level during fetal development. Further studies in this area are needed.
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Braithwaite EC, Murphy SE, Ramchandani PG, Hill J. Associations between biological markers of prenatal stress and infant negative emotionality are specific to sex. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 86:1-7. [PMID: 28888992 PMCID: PMC5667634 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fetal programming is the idea that environmental stimuli can alter the development of the fetus, which may have a long-term effect on the child. We have recently reported that maternal prenatal cortisol predicts infant negative emotionality in a sex-dependent manner: high prenatal cortisol was associated with increased negative emotionality in females, and decreased negative emotionality in males. This study aims to test for this sex-specific effect in a different cohort, and investigate whether sex differences in fetal programming may be specific to glucocorticoid mechanisms by also examining a maternal salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) by sex interaction. METHODS 88 pregnant women (mean gestational age=27.4 weeks, SD=7.4) collected saliva samples at home over two working days to be assayed for the hormone cortisol (range=0.13-88.22nmol/l) and the enzyme alpha-amylase (range=4.57-554.8units/ml). Samples were collected at waking, 30-min post-waking and 12h post-waking. Two months after birth participants reported infant negative emotionality using the distress to limits subscale of the Infant Behavior Questionnaire. RESULTS The interaction between maternal prenatal cortisol and infant sex to predict distress to limits approached significance (p=0.067). In line with our previous finding there was a positive association between prenatal cortisol and negative emotionality in females, and a negative association in males. The interaction between sAA and sex to predict distress was significant (p=0.025), and the direction of effect was the same as for the cortisol data; high sAA associated with increased negative emotionality in females and reduced negative emotionality in males. CONCLUSIONS In line with our previous findings, this research adds to an emerging body of literature, which suggests that fetal programming mechanisms may be sex-dependent. This is the first study to demonstrate that maternal prenatal sAA may be an important biomarker for infant behavior, and the findings have implications for understanding sex differences in developmental psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Braithwaite
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, 9 South Parks Road, Oxford, UK.
| | - Susannah E Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK.
| | - Paul G Ramchandani
- The Centre for Psychiatry, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 ONN, UK.
| | - Jonathan Hill
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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175
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Korja R, Nolvi S, Grant KA, McMahon C. The Relations Between Maternal Prenatal Anxiety or Stress and Child's Early Negative Reactivity or Self-Regulation: A Systematic Review. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2017; 48:851-869. [PMID: 28124273 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-017-0709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In the present review, we examine the association between maternal prenatal stress or anxiety and children's early negative reactivity or self-regulation. The review includes 32 studies that focus on pregnancy-related anxiety, state or trait anxiety, perceived stress, and stressful life events in relation to child's crying, temperament, or behavior during the first 2 years of life. We searched four electronic databases and 32 studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Twenty-three studies found an association between maternal prenatal anxiety or stress and a child's negative reactivity or self-regulation, and typically the effect sizes varied from low to moderate. The association was found regardless of the form of prenatal stress or anxiety and the trimester in which the prenatal stress or anxiety was measured. In conclusion, several forms of prenatal anxiety and stress may increase the risk of emotional and self-regulatory difficulties during the first 2 years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Korja
- The Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Saara Nolvi
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kerry Ann Grant
- The Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cathy McMahon
- The Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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176
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Murphy SK, Fineberg AM, Maxwell SD, Alloy LB, Zimmermann L, Krigbaum NY, Cohn BA, Drabick DAG, Ellman LM. Maternal infection and stress during pregnancy and depressive symptoms in adolescent offspring. Psychiatry Res 2017; 257:102-110. [PMID: 28750213 PMCID: PMC5823248 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Maternal infection during pregnancy has been linked to increased risk of offspring depression. Additionally, maternal stress during pregnancy has been consistently linked with adverse offspring outcomes associated with depression. Relatedly, stress has been associated with increased risk of infection; however no study has investigated stress-infection interactions during pregnancy and risk for offspring depression. Participants were drawn from the Child Health and Development Studies (CHDS), a prospective, longitudinal study that enrolled pregnant women from 1959 to 1966. Maternal health and birth outcome information were collected, as well as open-ended interviews about worrisome events during pregnancy. The present study included participants from a subsample of women whose offspring (n = 1711) completed self-reports of depressive symptoms during adolescence. Results indicated that maternal infection during only the second trimester was associated with higher scores on adolescent offspring depressive symptoms, while controlling for maternal education at birth, adolescent age, and maternal depressive symptoms at adolescence. Maternal experiences of daily stress during pregnancy moderated this association, such that mothers diagnosed with second trimester infection and who experienced daily stress had offspring with significantly higher depression scores than mothers of adolescents diagnosed with an infection alone. Findings have potential implications for prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna M. Fineberg
- Temple University, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seth D. Maxwell
- Temple University, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauren B. Alloy
- Temple University, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauren Zimmermann
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nickilou Y. Krigbaum
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Barbara A. Cohn
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Lauren M. Ellman
- Temple University, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Corresponding author. Lauren M. Ellman, Ph.D., Temple University, Department of Psychology, Weiss Hall, 1701 North 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122,
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177
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McLaughlin KA, Koenen KC, Bromet EJ, Karam EG, Liu H, Petukhova M, Ruscio AM, Sampson NA, Stein DJ, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Alonso J, Borges G, Demyttenaere K, Dinolova RV, Ferry F, Florescu S, de Girolamo G, Gureje O, Kawakami N, Lee S, Navarro-Mateu F, Piazza M, Pennell BE, Posada-Villa J, ten Have M, Viana MC, Kessler RC. Childhood adversities and post-traumatic stress disorder: evidence for stress sensitisation in the World Mental Health Surveys. Br J Psychiatry 2017; 211:280-288. [PMID: 28935660 PMCID: PMC5663970 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.116.197640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundAlthough childhood adversities are known to predict increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after traumatic experiences, it is unclear whether this association varies by childhood adversity or traumatic experience types or by age.AimsTo examine variation in associations of childhood adversities with PTSD according to childhood adversity types, traumatic experience types and life-course stage.MethodEpidemiological data were analysed from the World Mental Health Surveys (n = 27 017).ResultsFour childhood adversities (physical and sexual abuse, neglect, parent psychopathology) were associated with similarly increased odds of PTSD following traumatic experiences (odds ratio (OR) = 1.8), whereas the other eight childhood adversities assessed did not predict PTSD. Childhood adversity-PTSD associations did not vary across traumatic experience types, but were stronger in childhood-adolescence and early-middle adulthood than later adulthood.ConclusionsChildhood adversities are differentially associated with PTSD, with the strongest associations in childhood-adolescence and early-middle adulthood. Consistency of associations across traumatic experience types suggests that childhood adversities are associated with generalised vulnerability to PTSD following traumatic experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A. McLaughlin
- Correspondence: Katie A. McLaughlin, Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Box 351525, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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178
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Zhang W, Finik J, Dana K, Glover V, Ham J, Nomura Y. Prenatal Depression and Infant Temperament: The Moderating Role of Placental Gene Expression. INFANCY 2017; 23:211-231. [PMID: 30393466 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Prior research has demonstrated the link between maternal depression during pregnancy (i.e., prenatal depression) and increased neurodevelopmental dysregulation in offspring. However, little is known about the roles of key hypothalamic-pituitary axis regulatory genes in the placenta modulating this association. This study will examine whether placental gene expression levels of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD11B2), glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), and mineralocorticoid receptor (NR3C2) can help elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking prenatal depression to infant temperament, particularly in infants with high negativity and low emotion regulation. Stored placenta tissues (N = 153) were used to quantify messenger ribonucleic acid levels of HSD11B2, NR3C1, and NR3C2. Assessments of prenatal depression and infant temperament at 6 months of age were ascertained via maternal report. Results found that prenatal depression was associated with increased Negative Affectivity (p < .05) after controlling for postnatal depression and psychosocial characteristics. Furthermore, the association between prenatal depression and Negative Affectivity was moderated by gene expression levels of HSD11B2, NR3C1, and NR3C2 such that greater gene expression significantly lessened the association between prenatal depression and Negative Affectivity. Our findings suggest that individual differences in placental gene expression may be used as an early marker of susceptibility or resilience to prenatal adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jackie Finik
- Queens College, CUNY and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, CUNY
| | - Kathryn Dana
- Queens College, CUNY and The Graduate Center, CUNY
| | | | - Jacob Ham
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Yoko Nomura
- Queens College, CUNY and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and The Graduate Center, CUNY
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179
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Maternal Prenatal Psychological Distress and Preschool Cognitive Functioning: the Protective Role of Positive Parental Engagement. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 45:249-260. [PMID: 27150387 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-016-0161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Considerable animal research and available human studies suggest that psychological distress experienced by mothers during gestation is associated with later neurodevelopmental deficits in offspring; however, little research has examined potential protective factors that might mitigate this risk. The current study examined the impact of maternal prenatal psychological distress during pregnancy on cognitive outcomes in preschoolers (ages 2.5-5 years) and positive parenting as a potential protective factor. Mother-child dyads (N = 162, mean child age = 44 months, 49 % female) were recruited from a longitudinal cohort of women who had previously participated in a study of maternal mood disorders during pregnancy. Maternal prenatal distress was assessed with multiple measures collected throughout pregnancy. During a follow-up visit, mothers were interviewed about their psychological symptoms since the birth of the child, parenting behaviors were recorded during a parent-child interaction, and children's cognitive abilities were measured using the Differential Ability Scales, 2nd Edition. Maternal prenatal distress significantly predicted lower general cognitive abilities; however, this relationship was strongest for children whose mothers exhibited low levels of positive engagement and not significant when mothers exhibited high levels of positive engagement. Results suggest that positive parental engagement can protect against the detrimental effects of maternal prenatal distress on preschoolers' cognitive abilities.
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180
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Thompson LA, Morgan G, Unger CA, Covey LA. Prenatal maternal cortisol measures predict learning and short-term memory performance in 3- but not 5-month-old infants. Dev Psychobiol 2017; 59:723-737. [PMID: 28691735 PMCID: PMC5561452 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about relations between maternal prenatal stress and specific cognitive processes-learning and memory-in infants. A modified crib-mobile task was employed in a longitudinal design to test relations between maternal prenatal cortisol, prenatal subjective stress and anxiety, psychosocial variables, and learning and memory in 3- and 5-month-old infants. Results revealed that maternal prenatal cortisol was affected by particular psychosocial variables (e.g., maternal age, whether or not the infant's grandmother provided childcare, financial status), but was unrelated to measures of maternal depression, anxiety, and stress. Although maternal prenatal cortisol was not predictive of learning or memory performance in 5-month-old infants, higher levels of basal maternal cortisol and reduced prenatal cortisol response was predictive of some learning and short-term memory measures in 3-month-old infants. These results suggest an influence of maternal neuroendocrine functioning on fetal neurological development, and the importance of separate examination of subjective and biological measures of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gin Morgan
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico
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181
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Garcia-Leal C, De Rezende MG, Corsi-Zuelli FMDG, De Castro M, Del-Ben CM. The functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in postpartum depressive states: a systematic review. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2017; 12:341-353. [PMID: 30058891 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2017.1347500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A large body of literature suggests the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in postpartum depression (PPD). Nonetheless, these studies present discrepant methodology and results; thus, this hypothesis deserves further exploration. Areas covered: This review included studies investigating the HPA axis in PPD or postpartum blues published until November 2016. In total, 48 studies met the inclusion criteria. The HPA axis was mostly investigated in the immediate postpartum period (62.5%), and the majority of studies collected samples in the morning (43.8%), with one measure in a single day (43.8%), and blood was the fluid more often collected (58.4%). Seven out of 21 studies evaluating postpartum blues, and 15 out of 28 studies evaluating PPD detected abnormalities in the HPA axis functioning. Expert commentary: We found a significant heterogeneity in the methodology adopted by studies and consequently, in the results. Despite that, the majority of studies reported HPA changes in women with PPD during the remote period. Notably, reactivity tests pointed to attenuated HPA axis response. Ideally, future investigations should use validated reactivity tests, include larger sample sizes, consider many measures of cortisol throughout the day, and more than one day of collection. We also recommend that studies continue to use validated scales for mood assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cybele Garcia-Leal
- a Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Marcos Gonçalves De Rezende
- a Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Fabiana Maria das Graças Corsi-Zuelli
- a Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Margaret De Castro
- b Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Cristina Marta Del-Ben
- a Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
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182
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Endendijk JJ, De Bruijn ATCE, Van Bakel HJA, Wijnen HAA, Pop VJM, Van Baar AL. MATERNAL INTERACTION QUALITY MODERATES EFFECTS OF PRENATAL MATERNAL EMOTIONAL SYMPTOMS ON GIRLS' INTERNALIZING PROBLEMS. Infant Ment Health J 2017; 38:634-644. [PMID: 28842975 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The role of mother-infant interaction quality is studied in the relation between prenatal maternal emotional symptoms and child behavioral problems. Healthy pregnant, Dutch women (N = 96, M = 31.6, SD = 3.3) were allocated to the "exposed group" (n = 46), consisting of mothers with high levels of prenatal feelings of anxiety and depression, or the "low-exposed group" (n = 50), consisting of mothers with normal levels of depressive or anxious symptoms during pregnancy. When the children (49 girls, 47 boys) were 23 to 60 months of age (M = 39.0, SD = 9.6), parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (T.M. Achenbach & L.A. Rescorla, ), and mother-child interaction quality during a home visit was rated using the Emotional Availability Scales. There were no differences in mother-child interaction quality between the prenatally exposed and low-exposed groups. Girls exposed to high prenatal emotional symptoms showed more internalizing problems, if maternal interaction quality was less optimal. No significant effects were found for boys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hennie A A Wijnen
- University of Midwifery Education & Studies, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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183
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Prenatal phthalate exposures and child temperament at 12 and 24 months. Neurotoxicology 2017; 62:248-257. [PMID: 28803130 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational phthalate exposures have been adversely associated with attention, externalizing, and internalizing behaviors in childhood. Early childhood temperament may be a marker of later behavioral patterns. We therefore sought to determine whether gestational phthalate exposures were associated with infant and toddler temperament. METHODS The Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study is a prospective cohort study of children born between May 1998 and July 2001 in New York City (N=404). Phthalate metabolites were measured in spot urine samples collected from pregnant women in their third trimester. Child temperament was assessed by parental report at 12-months using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) (N=204) and at 24-months using the Toddler Behavior Assessment Questionnaire (TBAQ) (N=279). We used multiple linear regression to evaluate associations between urinary phthalate metabolites and eleven temperament domains. RESULTS Phthalate biomarker concentrations were weakly associated with lower gross motor activity levels as well as higher duration of orienting at the 12-month assessment. Mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) and the sum of metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (∑DEHP) were associated with lower levels of smiling and laughing at 12 months. At 24-months, social fear and lower pleasure was linked to higher concentrations of MCPP and MBzP, and higher ∑DEHP was weakly associated with increased anger levels at 24-months. CONCLUSIONS Though we observed some weak associations between biomarkers of prenatal exposure to phthalates and temperament at 12- and 24-months, overall phthalates biomarkers were not strongly associated with alterations in temperament.
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184
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Stroud LR, Papandonatos GD, Parade SH, Salisbury AL, Phipps MG, Lester B, Padbury JF, Marsit CJ. Prenatal Major Depressive Disorder, Placenta Glucocorticoid and Serotonergic Signaling, and Infant Cortisol Response. Psychosom Med 2017; 78:979-990. [PMID: 27763986 PMCID: PMC6541396 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Extending prior studies of prenatal adversity and depressive symptoms, we tested associations between maternal prenatal major depressive disorder (MDD) and infant cortisol regulation. Based on prior findings by our group, we also tested placenta glucocorticoid (HSD11B2 methylation) and serotonin (SLC6A4 gene expression) signaling as moderators of links between prenatal MDD and infant cortisol. METHODS Participants were 153 mother-infant pairs from a low-income, diverse sample (M [SD] age = 26 [6] years). Repeated structured diagnostic interviews were used to identify mothers with (a) prenatal MDD, (b) preconception-only MDD, and (c) controls. Placenta samples were assayed for HSD11B2 methylation and SLC6A4 gene expression. Infant salivary cortisol response to a neurobehavioral examination was assessed at 1 month. RESULTS Daughters of prenatal MDD mothers had 51% higher baseline (ratio = 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01-2.27; p = .045) and 64% higher stress responsive cortisol (ratio = 1.64; 95% CI = 1.05-2.56; p = .03) than daughters of controls and 75% higher stress-responsive cortisol (ratio = 1.75; 95% CI = 1.04-2.94; p = .04) than daughters of preconception-only MDD mothers. HSD11B2 methylation moderated links between prenatal MDD and baseline cortisol (p = .02), with 1% methylation decreases associated with 9% increased baseline cortisol in infants of prenatal MDD mothers (ratio = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.01-1.16). SLC6A4 expression moderated links between prenatal MDD and cortisol response among boys alone (p = .007), with 10-fold increases in expression associated with threefold increases in stress-responsive cortisol (ratio = 2.87; 95% CI = 1.39-5.93) in sons of control mothers. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight specificity of associations between prenatal versus preconception MDD and cortisol regulation and the importance and complexity of placenta glucocorticoid and serotonergic pathways underlying the intergenerational transmission of risk from maternal adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R. Stroud
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital
| | | | - Stephanie H. Parade
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University
- Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, Department of Psychology
| | - Amy L. Salisbury
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University
- Women & Infants’ Hospital of Rhode Island
| | - Maureen G. Phipps
- Women & Infants’ Hospital of Rhode Island
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University
| | - Barry Lester
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University
- Women & Infants’ Hospital of Rhode Island
| | - James F. Padbury
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University
- Women & Infants’ Hospital of Rhode Island
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185
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Mellick W, Sharp C, Wilkinson A. The Moderating Role of Maternal Depression in the Relation Between Adolescent Behavioral Inhibition and Maternal Critical Expressed Emotion. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2017; 48:546-553. [PMID: 27541604 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-016-0680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral inhibition is associated with a range of negative affective states and behaviors in adolescents which may elicit critical expressed emotion (EE-Crit) among mothers. Whether the relation between adolescent behavioral inhibition and maternal EE-Crit may depend on the presence of maternal depression is unknown. Therefore, a total of N = 81 biological mother/adolescent daughter dyads were recruited: mothers with a history of major depressive disorder (n = 45) and never-depressed mothers (non-depressed: n = 36). Structured clinical interviews were administered, daughters reported their behavioral inhibition and mothers reported daughter-directed maternal EE-Crit. Maternal depression was a moderator such that higher daughter behavioral inhibition was associated with greater EE-Crit among depressed mothers, specifically. There were no group differences for daughter behavioral inhibition or maternal EE-Crit. These findings highlight the significant role that maternal depression may play in relation to adolescent behavioral inhibition, EE-Crit, and risk for the development of adolescent psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mellick
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Anna Wilkinson
- University of Texas School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus, 1616 Guadalupe St., Suite 6300, Austin, TX, 78701, USA
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186
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Impact of prenatal stress on the dyadic behavior of mothers and their 6-month-old infants during a play situation: role of different dimensions of stress. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 124:1251-1260. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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187
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Nishi D, Su KP, Usuda K, Chang JPC, Chiang YJJ, Guu TW, Hamazaki K, Nakaya N, Sone T, Hashimoto K, Hamazaki T, Matsuoka YJ. Differences between Japan and Taiwan in the treatment of pregnant women with depressive symptoms by omega-3 fatty acids: An open-label pilot study. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 22:63-71. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1354540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Nishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital & College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kentaro Usuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jane Pei-Chen Chang
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital & College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Jill Chiang
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital & College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Wei Guu
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital & College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kei Hamazaki
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Sone
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohito Hamazaki
- Department of Medicine, Toyama Jonan Onsen Daini Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yutaka J. Matsuoka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Health Care Research, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Rotem-Kohavi N, Oberlander TF. Variations in Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children with Prenatal SSRI Antidepressant Exposure. Birth Defects Res 2017; 109:909-923. [DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naama Rotem-Kohavi
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute; Vancouver BC
| | - Tim F. Oberlander
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute; Vancouver BC
- Department of Pediatrics; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC
- School of Population and Public Health; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC
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189
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Erickson NL, Gartstein MA, Dotson JAW. Review of Prenatal Maternal Mental Health and the Development of Infant Temperament. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2017; 46:588-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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190
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Associations among prenatal stress, maternal antioxidant intakes in pregnancy, and child temperament at age 30 months. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2017; 8:638-648. [PMID: 28651674 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174417000411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal stress and prenatal nutrition each have demonstrable impact on fetal development, with implications for child neurodevelopment and behavior. However, few studies have examined their joint influences despite evidence of potential interactive effects. We examined associations among prenatal stress, prenatal antioxidant intakes, and child temperament in a sociodemographically diverse pregnancy cohort (N=137 mother-child dyads). In mid-pregnancy, mothers completed an assessment of recent negative life events as a measure of prenatal stress and an assessment of prenatal diet. When the children were 30 months of age, mothers completed the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire-Very Short form, which provides scores on child Negative Affectivity, Effortful Control, and Surgency/Extraversion. Linear regressions tested associations between maternal prenatal negative life events and child temperament, and effect modification by maternal prenatal antioxidant intakes (vitamins A, C, and E, magnesium, zinc, selenium, β-carotene). Analyses revealed that increased maternal prenatal negative life events were associated with higher child Negative Affectivity (β=0.08, P=0.009) but not with child Effortful Control (β=-0.03, P=0.39) or Surgency/Extraversion (β=0.04, P=0.14). Prenatal intakes of zinc and selenium modified this effect: Maternal exposure to prenatal negative life events was associated with higher child Negative Affectivity in the presence of lower intakes of zinc and selenium. Modification effects approached significance for vitamins A and C. The results suggest that the combination of elevated stress exposures and lower antioxidant intakes in pregnancy increases the likelihood of heightened child temperamental negative affectivity. Increased antioxidant intakes during pregnancy may protect against influences of prenatal stress on child temperament.
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191
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Li Y, Long Z, Cao D, Cao F. Social support and depression across the perinatal period: A longitudinal study. J Clin Nurs 2017; 26:2776-2783. [PMID: 28334472 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To report changes in the prevalence of depression and the level of social support at three different time points in the perinatal period (late pregnancy, 1 week postpartum and 4 weeks postpartum) and to examine the relationship between depression and social support at these points in time. BACKGROUND Social support is a modifiable factor for depression. Existing research is limited to examining social support at a single time point in relation to antepartum or postpartum depression. DESIGN A longitudinal study. METHODS In total, 240 pregnant women were recruited from the prenatal clinic at a general hospital in China between June-September 2013. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Perceived Social Support Scale were used to measure the risk of depression and perceived social support at late pregnancy, within the first week postpartum, and at 4 weeks postpartum. RESULTS The Perceived Social Support Scale scores within the first week after birth were higher than scores at the late pregnancy and postpartum week 4, while the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores at late pregnancy were higher than scores at the two postpartum times. Women who had higher Perceived Social Support Scale scores at late pregnancy had less likelihood of developing antepartum depression, and women with higher Perceived Social Support Scale scores at postpartum week 4 were less likely to have postpartum depression. However, the Perceived Social Support Scale scores at late pregnancy did not predict the risk of postpartum depression. CONCLUSION The study revealed that social support perceived by women changed over the perinatal period. Social support at each stage of the perinatal period was an important buffer against depression at this stage. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE An increased focus on the relationship between social support and depression at each stage of the perinatal period is necessary for future research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhouting Long
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Danfeng Cao
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fenglin Cao
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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192
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Karakasi MV, Markopoulou M, Tentes IK, Tsikouras PN, Vasilikos E, Pavlidis P. Prepartum Psychosis and Neonaticide: Rare Case Study and Forensic-Psychiatric Synthesis of Literature. J Forensic Sci 2017; 62:1097-1106. [DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Valeria Karakasi
- Adult Psychiatry, Psychiatric Department; G. Papanikolaou General Hospital of Thessaloniki; Exohi, Asvestoxori GR 57010 Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Maria Markopoulou
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry; Psychiatric Hospital of Thessaloniki; GR 56429 Stavroupolis, Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Ioannis K. Tentes
- Department of Biochemistry; School of Medicine; Democritus University of Thrace; GR 68100 Alexandroupolis Greece
| | - Panagiotis N. Tsikouras
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University General Hospital of Evros; School of Medicine; Democritus University of Thrace; GR 68100 Alexandroupolis Greece
| | - Epameinondas Vasilikos
- Adult Psychiatry, Psychiatric Department; G. Papanikolaou General Hospital of Thessaloniki; Exohi, Asvestoxori GR 57010 Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Pavlos Pavlidis
- Laboratory of Forensic Sciences; School of Medicine; Democritus University of Thrace; GR 68100 Alexandroupolis Greece
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193
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Nomura Y, John RM, Janssen AB, Davey C, Finik J, Buthmann J, Glover V, Lambertini L. Neurodevelopmental consequences in offspring of mothers with preeclampsia during pregnancy: underlying biological mechanism via imprinting genes. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017; 295:1319-1329. [PMID: 28382413 PMCID: PMC6058691 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-017-4347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preeclampsia is known to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among mothers and their infants. Approximately 3-8% of all pregnancies in the US are complicated by preeclampsia and another 5-7% by hypertensive symptoms. However, less is known about its long-term influence on infant neurobehavioral development. The current review attempts to demonstrate new evidence for imprinting gene dysregulation caused by hypertension, which may explain the link between maternal preeclampsia and neurocognitive dysregulation in offspring. METHOD Pub Med and Web of Science databases were searched using the terms "preeclampsia," "gestational hypertension," "imprinting genes," "imprinting dysregulation," and "epigenetic modification," in order to review the evidence demonstrating associations between preeclampsia and suboptimal child neurodevelopment, and suggest dysregulation of placental genomic imprinting as a potential underlying mechanism. RESULTS The high mortality and morbidity among mothers and fetuses due to preeclampsia is well known, but there is little research on the long-term biological consequences of preeclampsia and resulting hypoxia on the fetal/child neurodevelopment. In the past decade, accumulating evidence from studies that transcend disciplinary boundaries have begun to show that imprinted genes expressed in the placenta might hold clues for a link between preeclampsia and impaired cognitive neurodevelopment. A sudden onset of maternal hypertension detected by the placenta may result in misguided biological programming of the fetus via changes in the epigenome, resulting in suboptimal infant development. CONCLUSION Furthering our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which neurodevelopmental trajectories of the fetus/infant are affected by preeclampsia and hypertension will represent an important first step toward preventing adverse neurodevelopment in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Nomura
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY, 11367, USA.
- Graduate Center, the City University of New York, Flushing, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
| | - Rosalind M John
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Charles Davey
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Jackie Finik
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY, 11367, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Buthmann
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY, 11367, USA
- Graduate Center, the City University of New York, Flushing, USA
| | | | - Luca Lambertini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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194
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the effects of disaster-related prenatal maternal stress on infant temperament and whether the sex of the infant or the timing of the stressor in pregnancy would moderate the effects. METHODS Mothers' objective experiences of a sudden-onset flood in Queensland, Australia, their subjective emotional reactions, and cognitive appraisal of the event were assessed. At 6 months postpartum, 121 mothers reported their infant's temperament on the 5 dimensions of the Short Temperament Scale for Infants. RESULTS When controlling for postnatal maternal factors, subjective prenatal maternal stress and cognitive appraisal of the disaster were associated with easier aspects of infant temperament. However, several interesting interactions emerged showing negative effects of the flood. With higher levels of objective hardship in pregnancy, boys (but not girls) received more irritable temperament ratings. When the flood occurred early in pregnancy, higher levels of objective hardship predicted more arrhythmic infant temperament. Finally, mothers whose emotional response to the flood exceeded the hardship they endured reported significantly more active-reactive infants. CONCLUSION Prenatal maternal stress from a natural disaster predicted more difficult temperament ratings that were moderated by infant sex, timing of the flood in gestation, and mother's emotional response to the disaster.
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195
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Braithwaite EC, Pickles A, Sharp H, Glover V, O'Donnell KJ, Tibu F, Hill J. Maternal prenatal cortisol predicts infant negative emotionality in a sex-dependent manner. Physiol Behav 2017; 175:31-36. [PMID: 28322912 PMCID: PMC5429387 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prenatal stress influences fetal developmental trajectories, which may implicate glucocorticoid mechanisms. There is also emerging evidence that effects of prenatal stress on offspring development are sex-dependent. However, little is known about the prospective relationship between maternal prenatal cortisol levels and infant behaviour, and whether it may be different in male and female infants. We sought to address this question using data from a prospective longitudinal cohort, stratified by risk. METHOD The Wirral Child Health and Development Study (WCHADS) cohort (n=1233) included a stratified random sub-sample (n=216) who provided maternal saliva samples, assayed for cortisol, at home over two days at 32weeks of pregnancy (on waking, 30-min post-waking and during the evening) and a measure of infant negative emotionality from the Neonatal Behavioural Assessment Scale (NBAS) at five weeks-of-age. General population estimates of associations among measures were obtained using inverse probability weights. RESULTS Maternal prenatal cortisol sampled on waking predicted infant negative emotionality in a sex-dependent manner (interaction term, p=0.005); female infants exposed to high levels of prenatal cortisol were more negative (Beta=0.440, p=0.042), whereas male infants were less negative (Beta=-0.407, p=0.045). There was no effect of the 30-min post-waking measure or evening cortisol. DISCUSSION Our findings add to an emerging body of work that has highlighted sex differences in fetal programming, whereby females become more reactive following prenatal stress, and males less reactive. A more complete understanding of sex-specific developmental trajectories in the context of prenatal stress is essential for the development of targeted prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Braithwaite
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Andrew Pickles
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK.
| | - Helen Sharp
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Vivette Glover
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Kieran J O'Donnell
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Canadian Institute For Advanced Research, Child and Brain Development Program, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Florin Tibu
- Institute of Child Development, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Jonathan Hill
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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196
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Buss C, Entringer S, Moog NK, Toepfer P, Fair DA, Simhan HN, Heim CM, Wadhwa PD. Intergenerational Transmission of Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Exposure: Implications for Fetal Brain Development. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2017; 56:373-382. [PMID: 28433086 PMCID: PMC5402756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Growing evidence suggests the deleterious consequences of exposure to childhood maltreatment (CM) not only might endure over the exposed individual's lifespan but also might be transmitted across generations. The time windows, mechanisms, and targets of such intergenerational transmission are poorly understood. The prevailing paradigm posits that mother-to-child transmission of the effects of maternal CM likely occurs after her child's birth. The authors seek to extend this paradigm and advance a transdisciplinary framework that integrates the concepts of biological embedding of life experiences and fetal origins of health and disease risk. METHOD The authors posit that the period of embryonic and fetal life represents a particularly sensitive time for intergenerational transmission; that the developing brain represents a target of particular interest; and that stress-sensitive maternal-placental-fetal biological (endocrine, immune) pathways represent leading candidate mechanisms of interest. RESULTS The plausibility of this model is supported by theoretical considerations and empirical findings in humans and animals. The authors synthesize several research areas and identify important knowledge gaps that might warrant further study. CONCLUSION The scientific and public health relevance of this effort relates to achieving a better understanding of the "when," "what," and "how" of intergenerational transmission of CM, with implications for early identification of risk, prevention, and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Buss
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH); the University of California-Irvine; and the University of California-Irvine Development, Health and Disease Research Program, Orange, CA.
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197
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Finken MJJ, van der Voorn B, Heijboer AC, de Waard M, van Goudoever JB, Rotteveel J. Glucocorticoid Programming in Very Preterm Birth. Horm Res Paediatr 2017; 85:221-31. [PMID: 26943327 DOI: 10.1159/000443734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Very preterm (i.e., <32 weeks of gestation) infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit are compromised in their abilities to respond adequately to common threats like hemodynamic changes and reduced energy supplies, which is partly attributable to adrenocortical insufficiency. Conversely, later in life, these infants show features of increased glucocorticoid bioactivity, such as abdominal fat distribution, raised blood pressure, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus type 2. It has been suggested that the very preterm newborn responds to the adverse postnatal environment with a sustained elevation in hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activity that persists beyond infancy. This has implications for subsequent growth, body composition, metabolism, neurodevelopment and, ultimately, long-term disease risk. The mechanisms underpinning these associations are not fully elucidated yet. This review gives a brief summary of studies that investigated adrenocortical function in very preterm newborns and how the axis changes with age, as a possible explanation for the association between prematurity and long-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn J J Finken
- Department of Pediatrics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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198
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Haselbeck C, Niederberger U, Kulle A, Wache K, Brauner E, Gutermuth M, Holterhus PM, Gerber WD, Siniatchkin M. Prenatal maternal distress seems to be associated with the infant's temperament and motor development: an explorative study. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 124:881-890. [PMID: 28361282 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
According to the concept of fetal programming, prenatal distress has long-lasting consequences on the offspring's health later in life. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is considered a mediating system by which maternal distress is transferred to the fetus in intrauterine environment. In this longitudinal explorative study on 30 mother-child-dyads, reported maternal distress and salivary cortisol were collected during pregnancy. Infant temperament, motor and cognitive development were assessed at 16 months. Additionally, infant cortisol levels throughout the day and in reaction to a psycho-social stressor where measured. As expected, infants whose mothers had experienced higher prenatal distress expressed a more difficult temperament and lower fine motor development at 16 months. No association could be shown between prenatal maternal distress and infant salivary cortisol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Haselbeck
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Preußerstraße 1-9, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Uwe Niederberger
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Preußerstraße 1-9, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kulle
- Department of General Paediatrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schwanenweg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Wache
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Preußerstraße 1-9, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ellen Brauner
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Preußerstraße 1-9, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Merlin Gutermuth
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Preußerstraße 1-9, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Paul-Martin Holterhus
- Department of General Paediatrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schwanenweg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolf-Dieter Gerber
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Preußerstraße 1-9, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Siniatchkin
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Preußerstraße 1-9, 24105, Kiel, Germany
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199
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Antenatal exposure to antidepressants is associated with altered brain development in very preterm-born neonates. Neuroscience 2017; 342:252-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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200
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Enlow MB, Devick KL, Brunst KJ, Lipton LR, Coull BA, Wright RJ. Maternal Lifetime Trauma Exposure, Prenatal Cortisol, and Infant Negative Affectivity. INFANCY 2017; 22:492-513. [PMID: 28983193 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Little research has examined the impact of maternal lifetime trauma exposure on infant temperament. We examined associations between maternal trauma history and infant negative affectivity and modification by prenatal cortisol exposure in a sociodemographically diverse sample of mother-infant dyads. During pregnancy, mothers completed measures of lifetime trauma exposure and current stressors. Third-trimester cortisol output was assessed from maternal hair. When infants were 6 months old, mothers completed the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised. In analyses that controlled for infant sex and maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, and stress during pregnancy, greater maternal trauma exposure was associated with increased infant distress to limitations and sadness. Higher and lower prenatal cortisol exposure modified the magnitude and direction of association between maternal trauma history and infant rate of recovery from arousal. The association between maternal trauma history and infant distress to limitations was somewhat stronger among infants exposed to higher levels of prenatal cortisol. The analyses suggested that maternal lifetime trauma exposure is associated with several domains of infant negative affectivity independently of maternal stress exposures during pregnancy and that some of these associations may be modified by prenatal cortisol exposure. The findings have implications for understanding the intergenerational impact of trauma exposure on child developmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Bosquet Enlow
- Department of Psychiatry Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School
| | - Katrina L Devick
- Department of Biostatistics Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Kelly J Brunst
- Department of Pediatrics Kravis Children's Hospital Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Lianna R Lipton
- Department of Pediatrics Kravis Children's Hospital Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Pediatrics Kravis Children's Hospital Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Mindich Child Health & Development Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
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