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Tyumentsev MA, Stefanova NA, Muraleva NA, Rumyantseva YV, Kiseleva E, Vavilin VA, Kolosova NG. Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Predictor and Driver of Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology in OXYS Rats. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:1075-1088. [PMID: 29710722 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction is an early event in sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on the transition from healthy aging to AD remains elusive. Here we estimated the influence of mitochondrial dysfunction on the initiation of AD signs in OXYS rats, which simulate key characteristics of sporadic AD. We assessed the mitochondrial ultrastructure of pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus at the age preceding the development (age 20 days), during manifestation (4-5 months), and at the well-pronounced stages (18-24 months) of the AD-like pathology in OXYS rats. Ultrastructural alterations were collated with the amounts of proteins mediating mitochondrial dynamics [mitofusins (MFN1 and MFN2) and dynamin-1-like protein (DRP1)]; with activity of respiratory chain complexes I, IV, and V in the hippocampal mitochondria; with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; and with expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) regulating ROS production. Already at the preclinical stage, OXYS rats showed some characteristic changes in hippocampal mitochondria, which increased in size with the manifestation and progression of AD-like pathology, including decreased activity of respiratory complexes against the background of greater fusion and formation of larger mitochondria. Signs of AD developed simultaneously with increasing dysfunction of mitochondria, with a dramatic decrease in their number, and with increased fission but without upregulation of ROS production (observed only in 20-day-old OXYS rats). Summarizing the data from our present and previous studies, we conclude that mitochondrial dysfunction appears to mediate or possibly even initiate pathological molecular cascades of AD-like pathology in OXYS rats and can be considered a predictor of the early development of the late-onset form of AD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Valentin A Vavilin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nataliya G Kolosova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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152
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Choi SI, Lee JS, Lee S, Cho BY, Choi SH, Han X, Sim WS, Kim YC, Lee BY, Kang IJ, Lee OH. Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Pourthiaea villosa (Thunb.) Decne. Extract on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Skin Aging in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. J Med Food 2019; 22:841-850. [PMID: 31094612 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.4379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin aging is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by human cells. These radicals are the main causes of skin aging, and skin cells have developed antioxidant enzymes for protection against ROS-induced damage. Antioxidants play critical roles to prevent ROS-induced aging symptoms. In this study, the antioxidant properties of Pourthiaea villosa (Thunb.) Decne. extract (PVDE) were studied. Human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells were treated with PVDE to evaluate its antioxidant and antiaging activities and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. The identified compounds were polyols, and phenolic and flavonoid compounds from PVDE by UHPLC-LTQ-IT-MS/MS. PVDE exhibited significant antioxidant effects, as evaluated with reducing power, and ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, PVDE treatment significantly increased antioxidant enzyme expressions and effectively blocked H2O2-induced matrix metalloproteinase activity through MAPK signaling pathways in HDFs. Therefore, these results showed that PVDE affords an advantage of being a functional natural material with antioxidant and antiaging effects for the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Il Choi
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- 2National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sarah Lee
- 2National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea
| | - Bong-Yeon Cho
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Choi
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Xionggao Han
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Wan-Sup Sim
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Young-Cheul Kim
- 3Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Boo-Yong Lee
- 4Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Il-Jun Kang
- 5Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ok-Hwan Lee
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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153
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Michel J, Nolin F, Wortham L, Lalun N, Tchelidze P, Banchet V, Terryn C, Ploton D. Various Nucleolar Stress Inducers Result in Highly Distinct Changes in Water, Dry Mass and Elemental Content in Cancerous Cell Compartments: Investigation Using a Nano-Analytical Approach. Nanotheranostics 2019; 3:179-195. [PMID: 31183313 PMCID: PMC6536780 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.31878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Numerous chemotherapeutic drugs that affect ribosome biogenesis in the nucleolus induce nucleolar stress. Improving our understanding of the effects of these drugs will require uncovering and comparing their impact on several biophysical parameters of the major cell compartments. Here, we quantified the water content and dry mass of cancerous cells treated with CX-5461, DRB or DAM to calculate macromolecular crowding and the volume occupied by free water, as well as elemental content. Methods: HeLa-H2B-GFP cells were treated with CX-5461, DRB or DAM. Water content and dry mass were measured in numerous regions of interest of ultrathin cryo-sections by quantitative scanning transmission electron microscope dark-field imaging and the elements quantified by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The data were used to calculate macromolecular crowding and the volume occupied by free water in all cell compartments of control and treated cells. Hydrophobic and unfolded proteins were revealed by 8-Anilinonaphtalene-1-sulfonic acid (ANS) staining and imaging by two-photon microscopy. Immunolabeling of UBF, pNBS1 and pNF-κB was carried out and the images acquired with a confocal microscope for 3D imaging to address whether the localization of these proteins changes in treated cells. Results: Treatment with CX-5461, DRB or DAM induced completely different changes in macromolecular crowding and elemental content. Macromolecular crowding and elemental content were much higher in CX-5461-treated, moderately higher in DRB-treated, and much lower in DAM-treated cells than control cells. None of the drugs alone induced nucleolar ANS staining but it was induced by heat-shock of control cells and cells previously treated with DAM. UBF and pNBS1 were systematically co-localized in the nucleolus of CX-5461- and DAM-treated cells. pNF-κB only localized to the nucleolar caps of pre-apoptotic DAM-treated cells. Conclusion: We directly quantified water and ion content in cell compartments using cryo-correlative electron microscopy. We show that different chemotherapeutic nucleolar stress inducers result in distinctive, thus far-unrecognized changes in macromolecular crowding and elemental content which are known to modify cell metabolism. Moreover we were able to correlate these changes to the sensitivity of treated cells to heat-shock and the behavior of nucleolar pNBS1 and pNF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Michel
- UMR-S 1250 INSERM, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne
| | | | - Laurence Wortham
- Platform of Cell and Tissue Imaging (PICT), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne
| | - Nathalie Lalun
- UMR-S 1250 INSERM, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne
| | - Pavel Tchelidze
- Faculty of Exact and Life Sciences, Department of Morphology, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Christine Terryn
- Platform of Cell and Tissue Imaging (PICT), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne
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154
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Xu Z, Fu L, Feng S, Yuan M, Huang Y, Liao J, Zhou L, Yang H, Ding C. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Activities of the Wild Lactarius deliciosus from China. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071357. [PMID: 30959889 PMCID: PMC6479662 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The wild mushroom Lactarius deliciosus from China was studied for the first time to obtain information about its chemical composition, antioxidant, and antihyperglycemic activities. Nutritional value, dietary fiber, fatty acids, metal elements, free sugars, free amino acids, organic acids, flavor 5′-nucleotides, and volatile aroma compounds were determined. Potential antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities were also tested by investigating 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals scavenging activities, ferric ion reducing activity, as well as α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities using ethanol and aqueous extracts. The results showed that L. deliciosus was a good wild mushroom with high protein, carbohydrate, and dietary fiber contents, while low in fat and calorie, extensive unsaturated fatty acids contents, with negligible health risks about harmful metal elements. Twenty kinds of free amino acids were detected with a total content 3389.45 mg per 100 g dw. Flavor 5′-nucleotides including 5′-CMP, 5′-UMP, 5′-IMP, and 5′-AMP were 929.85, 45.21, 311.75, and 14.49 mg per 100 g dw, respectively. Mannitol (7825.00 mg per 100 g dw) was the main free sugar, and quininic acid (729.84 mg per 100 g dw) was the main organic acid. Twenty-five kinds of volatile aroma compounds were identified, acids (84.23%) were the most abundant compounds based on content, while aldehydes (15 of 25) were the most abundant compounds based on variety. In addition, both ethanol and aqueous extracts from L. deliciosus exhibited excellent antioxidant activity. While in antihyperglycemic activity tests, only ethanol extracts showed inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Liang Fu
- Dazhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Dazhou 635000, China.
| | - Shiling Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Jinqiu Liao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Lijun Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Hongyu Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Chunbang Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
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155
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Kim SR, Eirin A, Zhang X, Lerman A, Lerman LO. Mitochondrial Protection Partly Mitigates Kidney Cellular Senescence in Swine Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis. Cell Physiol Biochem 2019; 52:617-632. [PMID: 30907989 DOI: 10.33594/000000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) may cause kidney injury and mitochondrial dysfunction, which is linked to cellular senescence. Elamipretide, a mitochondria-targeted peptide, improves renal function in ARAS, but whether it alleviates senescence is unknown. We hypothesized that elamipretide would reduce senescence stenotic kidney (STK) in ARAS. METHODS Domestic pigs were randomized to control and unilateral ARAS untreated or treated with subcutaneous elamipretide (5d/wk) for 4 weeks starting after 6 weeks of ARAS or sham (n=6 each). After completion of treatment, STK renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were assessed in-vivo using multi-detector computed-tomography. Renal fibrosis and oxidative stress were analyzed in trichrome- and dihydroethidium-stained slides, respectively. Mitochondrial markers involved in the electrontransport chain (COX4, ATP/ADP ratio), biogenesis (PGC1α, PPARα), dynamics (MFN2, DRP1), and mitophagy (parkin, p62) were measured in the kidney using ELISA, western-blot, and immunohistochemistry. Cellular senescence (senescence-associated β-galactosidase and heterochromatin foci, phosphorylated-H2AX, and p16/21/53) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP; PAI-1, MCP-1, TGFβ, and TNFα) markers were studied by microscopy, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and western-blot. RESULTS Blood pressure was elevated whereas STK-RBF and GFR were decreased in ARAS pigs, and tissue scarring was increased. ARAS induced STK cellular senescence and accumulated dysfunctional mitochondria, which were associated with cardiolipin loss, upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis, and defective mitophagy. Elamipretide normalized STK-RBF and GFR, alleviated fibrosis and oxidative stress, and restored mitochondrial cardiolipin, biogenesis, and mitophagy in ARAS, but did not change SASP markers, and attenuated only senescenceassociated β-galactosidase activity and p53 gene expression. CONCLUSION Mitochondrial protection improved renal function and fibrosis in the ARAS STK, but only partly mitigated cellular senescence. This finding suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction may not be a major determinant of cellular senescence in the early stage of ARAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Rin Kim
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Alfonso Eirin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.,Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA,
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156
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Demarest TG, Babbar M, Okur MN, Dan X, Croteau DL, Fakouri NB, Mattson MP, Bohr VA. NAD+Metabolism in Aging and Cancer. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY-SERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030518-055905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for many types of cancer, and the molecular mechanisms implicated in aging, progeria syndromes, and cancer pathogenesis display considerable similarities. Maintaining redox homeostasis, efficient signal transduction, and mitochondrial metabolism is essential for genome integrity and for preventing progression to cellular senescence or tumorigenesis. NAD+is a central signaling molecule involved in these and other cellular processes implicated in age-related diseases and cancer. Growing evidence implicates NAD+decline as a major feature of accelerated aging progeria syndromes and normal aging. Administration of NAD+precursors such as nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) offer promising therapeutic strategies to improve health, progeria comorbidities, and cancer therapies. This review summarizes insights from the study of aging and progeria syndromes and discusses the implications and therapeutic potential of the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in aging and how they may contribute to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler G. Demarest
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Mansi Babbar
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Mustafa N. Okur
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Xiuli Dan
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Deborah L. Croteau
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Nima B. Fakouri
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Mark P. Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Vilhelm A. Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
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157
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Abstract
Autophagy constitutes an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process that contributes to the clearance of damaged cellular components in response to a variety of stress conditions. Additionally, it plays a variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles in maintaining cell homeostasis. Recently, the critical role of autophagy during cellular senescence has been supported by evidences demonstrating the reversal of senescence by the reestablishment of autophagy. As considerable attention has been directed toward understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying senescence and autophagy, a method to accurately quantify autophagy during senescence is critical to understand its role in senescence and senescence-related diseases. In this chapter, we describe the use of CYTO-ID® green dye and DQ™ Red BSA to monitor the autophagic flux as an accurate method to quantify autophagic activity. This technique relies on the specificity of CYTO-ID® green dye in staining autophagosome and the cleavage of the self-quenched DQ™ Red BSA protease substrates in an acidic compartment. In particular, herein we describe protocols to quantify autophagy during senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Tae Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Well Aging Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea.
- The Future Life and Society Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
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158
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Proteomic profiling of senescent human diploid fibroblasts treated with gamma-tocotrienol. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:314. [PMID: 30497457 PMCID: PMC6267793 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Replicative senescence of human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) has been used as a model to study mechanisms of cellular aging. Gamma-tocotrienol (γT3) is one of the members of vitamin E family which has been shown to increase proliferation of senescent HDFs. However, the modulation of protein expressions by γT3 in senescent HDFs remains to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in young and senescent HDFs; and in vehicle- and γT3-treated senescent HDFs using label-free quantitative proteomics. METHODS Whole proteins were extracted and digested in-gel with trypsin. Peptides were detected by Orbitrap liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Mass spectra were identified and quantitated by MaxQuant software. The data were further filtered and analyzed statistically using Perseus software to identify DEPs. Functional annotations of DEPs were performed using Panther Classification System. RESULTS A total of 1217 proteins were identified in young and senescent cells, while 1218 proteins in vehicle- and γT3-treated senescent cells. 11 DEPs were found in young and senescent cells which included downregulation of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor beta and upregulation of tubulin beta-2A chain protein expressions in senescent cells. 51 DEPs were identified in vehicle- and γT3-treated senescent cells which included upregulation of 70 kDa heat shock protein, triosephosphate isomerase and malate dehydrogenase protein expressions in γT3-treated senescent cells. CONCLUSIONS PDGF signaling and cytoskeletal structure may be dysregulated in senescent HDFs. The pro-proliferative effect of γT3 on senescent HDFs may be mediated through the stimulation of cellular response to stress and carbohydrate metabolism. The expressions and roles of these proteins in relation to cellular senescence are worth further investigations. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD009933.
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159
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Silina EV, Stupin VA, Bolevich SB, Manturova NE. Regularities of free radical processes and involutional changes of face and neck skin in different age groups. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2018; 11:515-520. [PMID: 30425546 PMCID: PMC6204862 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s181093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study was to examine the role of free radical oxygen and peroxide– lipid processes along with conducting the study of blood flow level and oxygen saturation of facial tissues in patients of different ages with varying degrees of involutional changes in the skin of the face and neck. Materials and methods One hundred and fifty-three people (84.3% women and 15.7% men) aged from 26 to 78 years with varying degrees of involutional changes in facial skin were examined. The clinical and laboratory evaluation was carried out dynamically and included various indicators of free radical processes, objective and subjective clinical visualization, and laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) of the facial skin and transcutaneous oximetry (TcpO2) performed at 10 points on the face. To assess the state of free radical processes, the authors investigated the basal indicator of chemiluminescence intensity (ICb), the intensity of chemiluminescence stimulated (ICs) by zymosan, the activity coefficient (AC) of chemiluminescence, antiperoxide activity of plasma, and malondialdehyde (MDA). Results With aging, the imbalance of the oxygen constituents of free radical processes grows with the increase in ROS. Proportional to age, the ICs increased 2.1 times on average in people older than 55 years compared to that in people younger than 30 years and ICb decreased by 1.8 times. As a result, the AC increased by 5.6 times. This correlates with involuntary skin changes and with regression of microcirculation and TcpO2. According to LDF, it was established that average total blood flow in people younger than 30 years and people older than 55 years was 8.1 and 6.4 mL/min, respectively The difference between the indicators of TcpO2 in people younger than 30 years and people older than 55 years was 1.6 times (average 56 vs 35 mm Hg). The stability of the indicators of the peroxide–lipid link of oxidative stress in different age groups demonstrated that the activation of ROS formation in mitochondria is not a cause but a consequence of microcirculation and metabolic processes in the face and neck and aging in general. Conclusion The tissue metabolism and microcirculation parameters naturally regress with aging, which is associated with the increase of ROS. The excess of species leads to the intensification of peroxide processes. This, in turn, is reflected in the aesthetic appearance manifested by aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Silina
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia,
| | - V A Stupin
- Institute of Plastic Surgery and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Hospital Surgery 1, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, № Russia
| | - S B Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia,
| | - N E Manturova
- Institute of Plastic Surgery and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cosmetology and Cell Technologies, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
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160
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Boyer MJ, Eguchi S. A cytoskeletal anchor connects ischemic mitochondrial fission to myocardial senescence. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/556/eaav3267. [PMID: 30425163 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aav3267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between the actin cytoskeleton and mitochondria has been implicated in cell and tissue homeostasis and physiological function. In this issue of Science Signaling, Nishimura et al. demonstrate that inhibiting the interaction of filamin A, an actin cytoskeleton regulator, with Drp1, a modulator of mitochondrial dynamics, attenuates mitochondrial hyperfission and cardiomyocyte senescence after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Boyer
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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161
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Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Waldeck-Weiermair M, Bourguignon MP, Villeneuve N, Gottschalk B, Klec C, Stryeck S, Radulovic S, Parichatikanond W, Frank S, Madl T, Malli R, Graier WF. Enhanced inter-compartmental Ca 2+ flux modulates mitochondrial metabolism and apoptotic threshold during aging. Redox Biol 2018; 20:458-466. [PMID: 30458321 PMCID: PMC6243020 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Senescence is characterized by a gradual decline in cellular functions, including changes in energy homeostasis and decreased proliferation activity. As cellular power plants, contributors to signal transduction, sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and executors of programmed cell death, mitochondria are in a unique position to affect aging-associated processes of cellular decline. Notably, metabolic activation of mitochondria is tightly linked to Ca2+ due to the Ca2+ -dependency of several enzymes in the Krebs cycle, however, overload of mitochondria with Ca2+ triggers cell death pathways. Consequently, a machinery of proteins tightly controls mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis as well as the exchange of Ca2+ between the different cellular compartments, including Ca2+ flux between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Methods In this study, we investigated age-related changes in mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis, mitochondrial-ER linkage and the activity of the main ROS production site, the mitochondrial respiration chain, in an in vitro aging model based on porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs), using high-resolution live cell imaging, proteomics and various molecular biological methods. Results We describe that in aged endothelial cells, increased ER-mitochondrial Ca2+ crosstalk occurs due to enhanced ER-mitochondrial tethering. The close functional inter-organelle linkage increases mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and thereby the activity of the mitochondrial respiration, but also makes senescent cells more vulnerable to mitochondrial Ca2+-overload-induced cell death. Moreover, we identified the senolytic properties of the polyphenol resveratrol, triggering cell death via mitochondrial Ca2+ overload exclusively in senescent cells. Conclusion By unveiling aging-related changes in the inter-organelle tethering and Ca2+ communications we have advanced the understanding of endothelial aging and highlighted a potential basis to develop drugs specifically targeting senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina T Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
| | - Markus Waldeck-Weiermair
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Nicole Villeneuve
- Servier Research Institute, Cardiovascular Unit, 11 rue des Moulineaux, 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Benjamin Gottschalk
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christiane Klec
- Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Sarah Stryeck
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Snjezana Radulovic
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Saša Frank
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Malli
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed, Graz, Austria.
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Laporte D, Gouleme L, Jimenez L, Khemiri I, Sagot I. Mitochondria reorganization upon proliferation arrest predicts individual yeast cell fate. eLife 2018; 7:35685. [PMID: 30299253 PMCID: PMC6177259 DOI: 10.7554/elife.35685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cells spend the majority of their life in a non-proliferating state. When proliferation cessation is irreversible, cells are senescent. By contrast, if the arrest is only temporary, cells are defined as quiescent. These cellular states are hardly distinguishable without triggering proliferation resumption, hampering thus the study of quiescent cells properties. Here we show that quiescent and senescent yeast cells are recognizable based on their mitochondrial network morphology. Indeed, while quiescent yeast cells display numerous small vesicular mitochondria, senescent cells exhibit few globular mitochondria. This allowed us to reconsider at the individual-cell level, properties previously attributed to quiescent cells using population-based approaches. We demonstrate that cell’s propensity to enter quiescence is not influenced by replicative age, volume or density. Overall, our findings reveal that quiescent cells are not all identical but that their ability to survive is significantly improved when they exhibit the specific reorganization of several cellular machineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Laporte
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux - Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laëtitia Gouleme
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux - Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laure Jimenez
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux - Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ines Khemiri
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux - Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Sagot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux - Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Bordeaux, France
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163
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Manzella N, Santin Y, Maggiorani D, Martini H, Douin-Echinard V, Passos JF, Lezoualc'h F, Binda C, Parini A, Mialet-Perez J. Monoamine oxidase-A is a novel driver of stress-induced premature senescence through inhibition of parkin-mediated mitophagy. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12811. [PMID: 30003648 PMCID: PMC6156293 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence, the irreversible cell cycle arrest observed in somatic cells, is an important driver of age‐associated diseases. Mitochondria have been implicated in the process of senescence, primarily because they are both sources and targets of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the heart, oxidative stress contributes to pathological cardiac ageing, but the mechanisms underlying ROS production are still not completely understood. The mitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidase‐A (MAO‐A) is a relevant source of ROS in the heart through the formation of H2O2 derived from the degradation of its main substrates, norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin. However, the potential link between MAO‐A and senescence has not been previously investigated. Using cardiomyoblasts and primary cardiomyocytes, we demonstrate that chronic MAO‐A activation mediated by synthetic (tyramine) and physiological (NE) substrates induces ROS‐dependent DNA damage response, activation of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors p21cip, p16ink4a, and p15ink4b and typical features of senescence such as cell flattening and SA‐β‐gal activity. Moreover, we observe that ROS produced by MAO‐A lead to the accumulation of p53 in the cytosol where it inhibits parkin, an important regulator of mitophagy, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, we show that the mTOR kinase contributes to mitophagy dysfunction by enhancing p53 cytoplasmic accumulation. Importantly, restoration of mitophagy, either by overexpression of parkin or inhibition of mTOR, prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and induction of senescence. Altogether, our data demonstrate a novel link between MAO‐A and senescence in cardiomyocytes and provides mechanistic insights into the potential role of MAO‐dependent oxidative stress in age‐related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Manzella
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Yohan Santin
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Damien Maggiorani
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Hélène Martini
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Victorine Douin-Echinard
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Joao F. Passos
- Ageing Research Laboratories; Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Claudia Binda
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Angelo Parini
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Jeanne Mialet-Perez
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
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164
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Pereira PHC, Macedo CH, Nunes JDACC, Marangoni LFDB, Bianchini A. Effects of depth on reef fish communities: Insights of a "deep refuge hypothesis" from Southwestern Atlantic reefs. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203072. [PMID: 30256788 PMCID: PMC6157832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deeper reefs are often considered to be less susceptible to local and global disturbances, such as overfishing, pollution and climate change, compared to shallow reefs and therefore could act as refugia for shallow water species. Hence, the interest on deeper reefs has happened at a time when shallow reefs are undergoing unprecedented changes. Here we investigated the hypothesis that fish community differed from shallow to deeper reefs due to factors apart from habitat structure and quality and therefore discuss for the first-time insights of a “deep refuge hypothesis” from Brazilian reefs. We collected data on fish community, benthic community and physiological conditions of two coral species on shallow (< 6 m) and deep reefs (> 25 m). No significant difference on substratum composition was observed comparing sites and depths. Additionally, physiological data on corals also showed similar oxidative status and growth conditions when comparing the two-coral species in shallow and deep reefs. Conversely, our study demonstrated strong differences on reef fish communities in terms of abundance, species richness, trophic groups, size classes and groups of interest when comparing shallow and deeper reefs. Fish abundance was 2-fold higher and species richness was up to 70% higher on deeper reefs. Also, a significant difference was observed comparing trophic groups of reef fish. Macrocarnivore, Mobile invertebrate feeders, Planktivores, Sessile Invertebrates Feeders and Roving Herbivores were more abundant on deeper reefs. On the other hand, Territorialist Herbivores almost exclusively dominated shallow reefs. Strong differences were also observed comparing the abundance of reef fish groups of interest and their respective size classes between shallow and deeper reefs. Ornamental, Great Herbivores and Groupers showed clear differences, with higher abundances being observed in deeper reefs. Considering size classes, larger individuals (> 15 cm) of Great Herbivores, Groupers and Snapper were uniquely recorded at deeper reefs. Additionally, individuals with > 30 cm were recorded almost exclusively on deeper reefs for all the analyzed groups of interest. Our findings suggest that fishing pressure on the target species may be attenuated on deeper reefs, and these regions may therefore be considered as areas of refuge from shallow water impacts. Therefore, the likely potential for deeper reefs protect species from natural or anthropogenic disturbances increases the attention of marine conservation planning and resource management on including deeper reefs in protected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Cipresso Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Oceanografia, Recife (PE), Brazil
- Projeto Conservação Recifal (Reef Conservation Project), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Cláudio Henrique Macedo
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Oceanografia, Recife (PE), Brazil
- Projeto Conservação Recifal (Reef Conservation Project), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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165
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Tyumentsev MA, Stefanova NA, Kiseleva EV, Kolosova NG. Mitochondria with Morphology Characteristic for Alzheimer’s Disease Patients Are Found in the Brain of OXYS Rats. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:1083-1088. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918090109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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166
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Gurău F, Baldoni S, Prattichizzo F, Espinosa E, Amenta F, Procopio AD, Albertini MC, Bonafè M, Olivieri F. Anti-senescence compounds: A potential nutraceutical approach to healthy aging. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 46:14-31. [PMID: 29742452 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The desire of eternal youth seems to be as old as mankind. However, the increasing life expectancy experienced by populations in developed countries also involves a significantly increased incidence of the most common age-related diseases (ARDs). Senescent cells (SCs) have been identified as culprits of organismal aging. Their number rises with age and their senescence-associated secretory phenotype fuels the chronic, pro-inflammatory systemic state (inflammaging) that characterizes aging, impairing the regenerative ability of stem cells and increasing the risk of developing ARDs. A variegated class of molecules, including synthetic senolytic compounds and natural compounds contained in food, have been suggested to possess anti-senescence activity. Senolytics are attracting growing interest, and their safety and reliability as anti-senescence drugs are being assessed in human clinical trials. Notably, since SCs spread inflammation at the systemic level through pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory signals, foods rich in polyphenols, which exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, have the potential to be harnessed as "anti-senescence foods" in a nutraceutical approach to healthier aging. We discuss the beneficial effects of polyphenol-rich foods in relation to the Mediterranean diet and the dietary habits of long-lived individuals, and examine their ability to modulate bacterial genera in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Gurău
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simone Baldoni
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Emma Espinosa
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Amenta
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- DIMES- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy; Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Forlì, Italy.
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy.
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167
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López-Lluch G, Hernández-Camacho JD, Fernández-Ayala DJM, Navas P. Mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolism and ageing: shared mechanisms and outcomes? Biogerontology 2018; 19:461-480. [PMID: 30143941 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-018-9768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key in the metabolism of aerobic organisms and in ageing progression and age-related diseases. Mitochondria are essential for obtaining ATP from glucose and fatty acids but also in many other essential functions in cells including aminoacids metabolism, pyridine synthesis, phospholipid modifications and calcium regulation. On the other hand, the activity of mitochondria is also the principal source of reactive oxygen species in cells. Ageing and chronic age-related diseases are associated with the deregulation of cell metabolism and dysfunction of mitochondria. Cell metabolism is controlled by three major nutritional sensors: mTOR, AMPK and Sirtuins. These factors control mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics by regulating fusion, fission and turnover through mito- and autophagy. A complex interaction between the activity of these nutritional sensors, mitochondrial biogenesis rate and dynamics exists and affect ageing, age-related diseases including metabolic disease. Further, mitochondria maintain a constant communication with nucleus modulating gene expression and modifying epigenetics. In this review we highlight the importance of mitochondria in ageing and the repercussion in the progression of age-related diseases and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo López-Lluch
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Seville, Spain.
| | - Juan Diego Hernández-Camacho
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel J Moreno Fernández-Ayala
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
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168
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Chen NC, Partridge AT, Tuzer F, Cohen J, Nacarelli T, Navas-Martín S, Sell C, Torres C, Martín-García J. Induction of a Senescence-Like Phenotype in Cultured Human Fetal Microglia During HIV-1 Infection. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73:1187-1196. [PMID: 29415134 PMCID: PMC6093403 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 causes premature aging in chronically infected patients. Despite effective anti-retroviral therapy, around 50% of patients suffer HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), which likely potentiate aging-associated neurocognitive decline. Microglia support productive HIV-1 infection in the brain. Elevated markers of cellular senescence, including p53 and p21, have been detected in brain tissues from patients with HAND, but the potential for microglia senescence during HIV-1 infection has not been investigated. We hypothesized that HIV-1 can induce senescence in microglia. Primary human fetal microglia were exposed to single-round infectious HIV-1 pseudotypes or controls, and examined for markers of senescence. Post-infection, microglia had significantly elevated: senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, p21 levels, and production of cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8, potentially indicative of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype. We also found increased detection of p53-binding protein foci in microglia nuclei post-infection. Additionally, we examined mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and respiration, and found significantly increased mitochondrial ROS levels and decreased ATP-linked respiration during HIV-1 infection. Supernatant transfer from infected cultures to naïve microglia resulted in elevated p21 and caveolin-1 levels, and IL-8 production. Finally, nucleoside treatment reduced senescence markers induction in microglia. Overall, HIV-1 induces a senescence-like phenotype in human microglia, which could play a role in HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- MD/PhD Program, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Molecular and Cell Biology and Genetics Graduate Program, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea T Partridge
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ferit Tuzer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Justin Cohen
- Molecular and Cell Biology and Genetics Graduate Program, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy Nacarelli
- Molecular and Cell Biology and Genetics Graduate Program, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sonia Navas-Martín
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christian Sell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Claudio Torres
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Julio Martín-García
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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169
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Mys LA, Budko AY, Strutynska NA, Sagach VF. [PYRIDOXAL-5-PHOSPHATE RESTORES HYDROGEN SULFIDE SYNTHES AND REDOX STATE OF HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS TISSUE IN OLD ANIMALS]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 63:3-9. [PMID: 29975822 DOI: 10.15407/fz63.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It was shown the alterations in hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) metabolism and the development of oxidative and nitrozative stress in cardiovascular system by aging. The administration of pyridoxal-5-phosphate as cofactor of H(2)S synthesizing enzymes restored endogenous H(2)S level and redox state in the heart and aorta tissues. Under these conditions, the following indicators of oxidative stress were significantly decreased in heart and aorta tissues: superoxide generation rate (·0(2)(-)) and hydroxyl (·OH) anion radicals, compared with significantly elevated levels of these parameters in old animals. We also found the reduction of non-enzymatic (diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde) and enzymatic (uric acid, LTC(4) and TxB(2)) lipid oxidation products levels in old rats under H(2)S synthesis stimulation that confirms the restriction of oxidative stress. An important consequence of endogenous synthesis stimulation of hydrogen sulfide during aging is a decrease of nitrozative stress, such as iNOS activity and nitrate reductase, as well as recovery of constitutive NO synthase activity, indicating the importance of this gas transmitter in cardiovascular system. Thus, stimulation of hydrogen sulfide endogenous synthesis contributed to reduced production of reactive oxygen species (oxidative stress) and nitrogen (nitrozative stress) in heart and aorta tissues with aging. The presence of a pronounced antioxidant effect and modulating influence of pyridoxal-5- phosphate in the redox state of heart tissue and blood vessels during aging suggests cardioprotective properties of the substance and prospects for future research.
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170
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Mitochondrial Quality Control in COPD and IPF. Cells 2018; 7:cells7080086. [PMID: 30042371 PMCID: PMC6115906 DOI: 10.3390/cells7080086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play important roles in the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis; hence, the quality control of mitochondria is crucial for cell fate determination. Mitochondria dynamics and mitochondria-specific autophagy, known as mitophagy, are two main quality control systems in cells. Mitochondria fuse to increase energy production in response to stress, and damaged mitochondria are segregated by fission and degraded by mitophagy. Once these systems are disrupted, dysfunctional mitochondria with decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production accumulate, affecting cell fate. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that the dysregulation of mitochondria quality control is pathogenic in several age-related diseases. In this review, we outlined the role of mitochondria quality control systems in the pathogenesis of age-associated lung diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
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171
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Abstract
The aging of the human population has resulted in an unprecedented increase in the incidence and prevalence of age-related diseases, including those of the lung. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a disease of aging, and is characterized by a progressive decline in lung function and high mortality. Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction, which can accompany aging phenotypes, may contribute to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we explore current evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in alveolar epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells that participate in the fibrotic process. Further, the fates of these cell populations and the potential to target mitochondrial dysfunction as a therapeutic strategy are discussed.
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172
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Nanni V, Canuti L, Gismondi A, Canini A. Hydroalcoholic extract of Spartium junceum L. flowers inhibits growth and melanogenesis in B16-F10 cells by inducing senescence. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 46:1-10. [PMID: 30097108 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet light exposure generates, in human tissues, radical species, which represent the main cause of photo-aging, DNA damage and skin cancer onset. On the other hand, Mediterranean plants, being continuously subjected to high solar radiation levels, are naturally adapted to take on this type of abiotic stress, thanks to the production of antioxidant secondary metabolites. For these reasons, several plant extracts were documented to be excellent antineoplastic drugs. PURPOSE We investigated the potential antitumor activity of the flower extract obtained by Spartium junceum L., a Mediterranean shrub, correlating it with the plant metabolic profile. STUDY DESIGN After selecting the best extraction method to obtain as more secondary metabolites as possible from S. junceum flowers, we characterized the extract metabolic content. Then, by in vitro analyses, the antioxidant profile and the antineoplastic activity on B16-F10 murine melanoma cell of our extract were investigated. METHODS Spectrophotometric assays, HPLC-DAD and GC-MS analyses provided us information about flower extract composition and antioxidant activity. MTT assay and Trypan Blue exclusion test were performed to assess the extract toxicity and the viability, after treatments, of B16-F10 cancer cells and of C2C12 murine myoblasts. In vitro experiments (i.e. cytofluorimetry, protein analysis and qPCR) allowed us to analyze the effect of the plant extract on B16-F10 cell redox state, melanogenesis and cell cycle. Senescence induction was investigated by using a specific kit. RESULTS We observed that the hydroalcoholic extract of S. junceum flowers (HFE) strongly inhibited B16-F10 murine melanoma cell proliferation, while just a feeble effect was observed on C2C12 murine myoblasts. Moreover, we found that HFE exerted a pro-oxidant activity on melanoma cells, inhibited melanogenesis and caused cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, inducing senescence. These anti-cancer properties of HFE could be related to the rich metabolic profile of the extract that we characterized by HPLC-DAD and GC-MS analyses. CONCLUSION This evidence suggests that S. junceum phytocomplex can be used as a selective, nontoxic, economic and easily available anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Nanni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Lorena Canuti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Angelo Gismondi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome 00133, Italy.
| | - Antonella Canini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome 00133, Italy.
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173
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Cecchino GN, Seli E, Alves da Motta EL, García-Velasco JA. The role of mitochondrial activity in female fertility and assisted reproductive technologies: overview and current insights. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 36:686-697. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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174
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The Function of Ophiocordyceps sinensis in Airway Epithelial Cell Senescence in a Rat COPD Model. Can Respir J 2018; 2018:6080348. [PMID: 29808102 PMCID: PMC5902013 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6080348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ophiocordyceps sinensis (O. sinensis) seems to be able to alleviate airway epithelial cell senescence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of O. sinensis on airway epithelial senescence in the COPD model both in vitro and in vivo. We observed the expression of P16 and P21 in the airway epithelia of 30 patients with COPD. The optimal concentration of O. sinensis and exposure time of the cigarette smoke extract (CSE) were determined in vitro, and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) were used to evaluate the senescence and proliferation of human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells pretreated with O. sinensis by staining kits. COPD model rats were treated with O. sinensis at various concentrations to determine the changes in P16 and P21 expression in airway epithelial tissues. It was found that the expression levels of P16 and P21 were higher in the airway epithelia of COPD patients than those in the control group based on immunohistochemical staining, real-time quantitative PCR, and western blotting. The CSE could induce 16HBE cell senescence, and O. sinensis could alleviate CSE-induced senescence and promote the proliferation of 16HBE cells. The expression levels of P16 and P21 were also higher in the airway epithelia of COPD model rats; however, the levels of P16 and P21 in the groups treated with all concentrations of O. sinensis were obviously lower than those in the COPD model group based on real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting. In conclusion, the CSE can induce airway epithelium senescence, and O. sinensis can inhibit CSE-induced cellular senescence, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Sabatino ME, Grondona E, Sosa LDV, Mongi Bragato B, Carreño L, Juarez V, da Silva RA, Remor A, de Bortoli L, de Paula Martins R, Pérez PA, Petiti JP, Gutiérrez S, Torres AI, Latini A, De Paul AL. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial adaptive shift during pituitary tumoral growth. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:41-55. [PMID: 29548793 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cellular transformation of normal functional cells to neoplastic ones implies alterations in the cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function in order to provide the bioenergetics and growth requirements for tumour growth progression. Currently, the mitochondrial physiology and dynamic shift during pituitary tumour development are not well understood. Pituitary tumours present endocrine neoplastic benign growth which, in previous reports, we had shown that in addition to increased proliferation, these tumours were also characterized by cellular senescence signs with no indication of apoptosis. Here, we show clear evidence of oxidative stress in pituitary cells, accompanied by bigger and round mitochondria during tumour development, associated with augmented biogenesis and an increased fusion process. An activation of the Nrf2 stress response pathway together with the attenuation of the oxidative damage signs occurring during tumour development were also observed which will probably provide survival advantages to the pituitary cells. These neoplasms also presented a progressive increase in lactate production, suggesting a metabolic shift towards glycolysis metabolism. These findings might imply an oxidative stress state that could impact on the pathogenesis of pituitary tumours. These data may also reflect that pituitary cells can modulate their metabolism to adapt to different energy requirements and signalling events in a pathophysiological situation to obtain protection from damage and enhance their survival chances. Thus, we suggest that mitochondria function, oxidative stress or damage might play a critical role in pituitary tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eugenia Sabatino
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Grondona
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Liliana D V Sosa
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Bethania Mongi Bragato
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucia Carreño
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Virginia Juarez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo A da Silva
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Aline Remor
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Lucila de Bortoli
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Roberta de Paula Martins
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Pablo A Pérez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Petiti
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Silvina Gutiérrez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alicia I Torres
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alexandra Latini
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ana L De Paul
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
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176
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Miranda D, Jara C, Mejias S, Ahumada V, Cortez-San Martin M, Ibañez J, Hirsch S, Montoya M. Deficient mitochondrial biogenesis in IL-2 activated NK cells correlates with impaired PGC1-α upregulation in elderly humans. Exp Gerontol 2018; 110:73-78. [PMID: 29782967 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immunosenescence has been described as age-associated changes in the immune function which are thought to be responsible for the increased morbidity with age. Human Natural Killer (NK) cells are a specialized heterogeneous subpopulation of lymphocytes involved in immune defense against tumor and microbial diseases. Interestingly, aging-related NK cell dysfunction is associated with features of aging such as tumor incidence, reduced vaccination efficacy, and short survival due to infection. It is known that NK cell effector functions are critically dependent on cytokines and metabolic activity. Our aim was to determine whether there is a difference in purified human NK cell function in response to high concentration of IL-2 between young and elder donors. Here, we report that the stimulation of human NK cells with IL-2 (2000 U/mL) enhance NK cell cytotoxic activity from both young and elderly donors. However, while NK cells from young people responded to IL-2 signaling by increasing mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial membrane potential, no increase in these mitochondrial functional parameters was seen in purified NK cells from elderly subjects. Moreover, as purified NK cells from the young exhibited an almost three-fold increase in PGC-1α expression after IL-2 (2000 U/mL) stimulation, PGC-1α expression was inhibited in purified NK cells from elders. Furthermore, this response upon PGC-1α expression after IL-2 stimulation promoted an increase in ROS production in NK cells from elderly humans, while no increase in ROS production was observed in NK cells of young donors. Our data show that IL-2 stimulates NK cell effector function through a signaling pathway which involves a PGC-1α-dependent mitochondrial function in young NK cells, however it seems that NK cells from older donors exhibit an altered IL-2 signaling which affects mitochondrial function associated with an increased production of ROS which could represent a feature of NK cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dante Miranda
- Immunobiochemistry Laboratory, Departmento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Jara
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Correo 40, Casilla 33, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
| | - Sophia Mejias
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Correo 40, Casilla 33, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
| | - Viviana Ahumada
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Correo 40, Casilla 33, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Cortez-San Martin
- Molecular Virology and Pathogen Control Laboratory, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Correo 40, Casilla 33, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Ibañez
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Correo 40, Casilla 33, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Hirsch
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, PO Box 138-11, Santiago, Chile
| | - Margarita Montoya
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Correo 40, Casilla 33, 9170022 Santiago, Chile.
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177
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Sohn EJ, Kim JM, Kang SH, Kwon J, An HJ, Sung JS, Cho KA, Jang IS, Choi JS. Restoring Effects of Natural Anti-Oxidant Quercetin on Cellular Senescent Human Dermal Fibroblasts. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:853-873. [PMID: 29737207 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative damage initiated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a major contributor to the functional decline and disability that characterizes aging. The anti-oxidant flavonoid, quercetin, is a plant polyphenol that may be beneficial for retarding the aging process. We examined the restoring properties of quercetin on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Quercetin directly reduced either intracellular or extracellular ROS levels in aged HDFs. To find the aging-related target genes by quercetin, microarray analysis was performed and two up-regulated genes LPL and KCNE2 were identified. Silencing LPL increased the expression levels of senescence proteins such as p16INK4A and p53 and silencing KCNE2 reversed gene expressions of EGR1 and p-ERK in quercetin-treated aged HDFs. Silencing of LPL and KCNE2 decreased the expression levels of anti-oxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Also, the mitochondrial dysfunction in aged HDFs was ameliorated by quercetin treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that quercetin has restoring effect on the cellular senescence by down-regulation of senescence activities and up-regulation of the gene expressions of anti-oxidant enzymes in aged HDFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ju Sohn
- * Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.,† Biological Disaster Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Kim
- ‡ Genoplan Korea, Inc. and NAR Center, Inc., Seoul 06221, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hui Kang
- † Biological Disaster Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph Kwon
- † Biological Disaster Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo An
- * Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Suk Sung
- § Department of Life Science, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung A Cho
- ¶ Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University, Medical School, Gwangju 61469 Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Soon Jang
- † Biological Disaster Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soon Choi
- * Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.,† Biological Disaster Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
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178
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Sareen N, Sequiera GL, Chaudhary R, Abu-El-Rub E, Chowdhury SR, Sharma V, Surendran A, Moudgil M, Fernyhough P, Ravandi A, Dhingra S. Early passaging of mesenchymal stem cells does not instigate significant modifications in their immunological behavior. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:121. [PMID: 29720263 PMCID: PMC5930635 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0867-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow-derived allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from young healthy donors are immunoprivileged and their clinical application for regenerative medicine is under evaluation. However, data from preclinical and initial clinical trials indicate that allogeneic MSCs after transplantation provoke a host immune response and are rejected. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of an increase in passage number in cell culture on immunoprivilege of the MSCs. Since only limited numbers of MSCs can be sourced at a time from a donor, it is imperative to expand them in culture to meet the necessary numbers required for cell therapy. Presently, the most commonly used passages for transplantation include passages (P)3–7. Therefore, in this study we included clinically relevant passages, i.e., P3, P5, and P7, for evaluation. Methods The immunoprivilege of MSCs was assessed with the mixed leukocyte reaction assay, where rat MSCs were cocultured with peripheral blood leukocytes for 72 h. Leukocyte-mediated cytotoxicity, apoptosis (Bax/Bcl-xl ratio), leukocyte proliferation, and alterations in cellular bioenergetics in MSCs were assessed after the coculture. Furthermore, the expression of various oxidized phospholipids (oxidized phosphatidylcholine (ox-PC)) was analyzed in MSCs using a lipidomic platform. To determine if the ox-PCs were acting in tandem with downstream intracellular protein alterations, we performed proteome analysis using a liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) proteomic platform. Results Our data demonstrate that MSCs were immunoprivileged at all three passages since coculture with leukocytes did not affect the survival of MSCs at P3, P5, and P7. We also found that, with an increase in the passage number of MSCs, leukocytes did not cause any significant effect on cellular bioenergetics (basal respiration rate, spare respiratory capacity, maximal respiration, and coupling efficiency). Interestingly, in our omics data, we detected alterations in some of the ox-PCs and proteins in MSCs at different passages; however, these changes were not significant enough to affect their immunoprivilege. Conclusions The outcome of this study demonstrates that an increase in passage number (from P3 to P7) in the cell culture does not have any significant effect on the immunoprivilege of MSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0867-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niketa Sareen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Glen Lester Sequiera
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Rakesh Chaudhary
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Ejlal Abu-El-Rub
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Subir Roy Chowdhury
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Vikram Sharma
- School of Biomedical and Healthcare Sciences, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, England
| | - Arun Surendran
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Meenal Moudgil
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Paul Fernyhough
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sanjiv Dhingra
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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179
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Burton DG, Stolzing A. Cellular senescence: Immunosurveillance and future immunotherapy. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 43:17-25. [PMID: 29427795 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In response to persistent DNA damage, induction into cell senescence promotes an immunogenic program which facilitates immune clearance of these damaged cells. Under physiological conditions, senescent cells can activate both innate and adaptive immune responses, functioning to maintain tissue homeostasis. In addition, emerging findings suggest that programmed induction of cell senescence may be important for regulating reproductive processes, partly facilitated by immune clearance. However, likely owing to ageing of the immune system, a failure to eliminate senescent cells can contribute to their persistence in tissues, leading to the development and progression of age-related diseases. Such immune failure may in part be due to activation of the senescence program in immune cells, leading to their dysfunction. Furthermore, senescent cells under certain biological contexts have been shown to instead promote immune suppression, a response that may reflect differences between an acute verses chronic senescent phenotype. In this review, we provide an overview of the research to date concerning senescence immunosurviellance, including a focused discussion on the mechanisms by which macrophages may recognise senescent cells. Senescence immunotherapy strategies as an alternative to senolytics for the removal of senescent cells will also be discussed.
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180
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Pinterić M, Podgorski II, Sobočanec S, Popović Hadžija M, Paradžik M, Dekanić A, Marinović M, Halasz M, Belužić R, Davidović G, Ambriović Ristov A, Balog T. De novo expression of transfected sirtuin 3 enhances susceptibility of human MCF-7 breast cancer cells to hyperoxia treatment. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:672-684. [PMID: 29683756 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1462495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) has a promising role in cancer tumourigenesis and treatment, but there have been controversies about its role as oncogene or tumour suppressor in different types of cancer. Changes in its expression are associated with the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction and age-related pathologies. Hyperoxic treatment (i.e. generator of ROS) was shown to support some tumourigenic properties, but finally suppresses growth of certain mammary carcinoma cells. Due to strikingly reduced Sirt3 level in many breast cancer cell lines, we aimed to clarify the effect of de novo Sirt3 expression upon hyperoxic treatment in the human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. De novo expression of Sirt3 decreased metabolic activity and cellular growth of MCF-7 cells, reduced expression of proangiogenic and epithelial mesenchymal transition genes, induced metabolic switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation, and decreased abundance of senescent cells. These effects were enhanced upon hyperoxic treatment: induction of DNA damage and upregulation of p53, with an increase of ROS levels followed by mitochondrial and antioxidant dysfunction, resulted in additional reduction of metabolic activity and inhibition of cellular growth and survival. The mitigation of tumorigenic properties and enhancement of the susceptibility of the MCF-7 breast cancer cells to the hyperoxic treatment upon de novo Sirt3 expression indicates that these factors, individually and in combination, should be further explored in vitro and particularly in vivo, as an adjuvant tumour therapy in breast cancer malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Pinterić
- a Division of Molecular Medicine , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Iva I Podgorski
- a Division of Molecular Medicine , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Sandra Sobočanec
- a Division of Molecular Medicine , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
| | | | - Mladen Paradžik
- a Division of Molecular Medicine , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ana Dekanić
- a Division of Molecular Medicine , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Maja Marinović
- a Division of Molecular Medicine , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Mirna Halasz
- a Division of Molecular Medicine , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Robert Belužić
- a Division of Molecular Medicine , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Grazia Davidović
- a Division of Molecular Medicine , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
| | | | - Tihomir Balog
- a Division of Molecular Medicine , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
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181
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Gerards M, Cannino G, González de Cózar JM, Jacobs HT. Intracellular vesicle trafficking plays an essential role in mitochondrial quality control. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:809-819. [PMID: 29343549 PMCID: PMC5905294 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-10-0619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Drosophila gene products Bet1, Slh, and CG10144, predicted to function in intracellular vesicle trafficking, were previously found to be essential for mitochondrial nucleoid maintenance. Here we show that Slh and Bet1 cooperate to maintain mitochondrial functions. In their absence, mitochondrial content, membrane potential, and respiration became abnormal, accompanied by mitochondrial proteotoxic stress, but without direct effects on mtDNA. Immunocytochemistry showed that both Slh and Bet1 are localized at the Golgi, together with a proportion of Rab5-positive vesicles. Some Bet1, as well as a tiny amount of Slh, cofractionated with highly purified mitochondria, while live-cell imaging showed coincidence of fluorescently tagged Bet1 with most Lysotracker-positive and a small proportion of Mitotracker-positive structures. This three-way association was disrupted in cells knocked down for Slh, although colocalized lysosomal and mitochondrial signals were still seen. Neither Slh nor Bet1 was required for global mitophagy or endocytosis, but prolonged Slh knockdown resulted in G2 growth arrest, with increased cell diameter. These effects were shared with knockdown of betaCOP but not of CG1044, Snap24, or Syntaxin6. Our findings implicate vesicle sorting at the cis-Golgi in mitochondrial quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Gerards
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and Tampere University Hospital, FI-33014 University of Tampere, Finland.,Maastricht Center for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Cannino
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and Tampere University Hospital, FI-33014 University of Tampere, Finland
| | - Jose M González de Cózar
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and Tampere University Hospital, FI-33014 University of Tampere, Finland
| | - Howard T Jacobs
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and Tampere University Hospital, FI-33014 University of Tampere, Finland.,Institute of Biotechnology, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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182
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Zhang W, Chen C, Wang J, Liu L, He Y, Chen Q. Mitophagy in Cardiomyocytes and in Platelets: A Major Mechanism of Cardioprotection Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Physiology (Bethesda) 2018; 33:86-98. [DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00030.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy, a process that selectively removes damaged organelles by autolysosomal degradation, is an early cellular response to ischemia. Mitophagy is activated in both cardiomyocytes and platelets during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and heart disease conditions. We focus on the molecular regulation of mitophagy and highlight the role of mitophagy in cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuyan Chen
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yubin He
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Chinese Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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183
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Guyatt AL, Burrows K, Guthrie PAI, Ring S, McArdle W, Day INM, Ascione R, Lawlor DA, Gaunt TR, Rodriguez S. Cardiometabolic phenotypes and mitochondrial DNA copy number in two cohorts of UK women. Mitochondrion 2018; 39:9-19. [PMID: 28818596 PMCID: PMC5832987 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial genome is present at variable copy number between individuals. Mitochondria are vulnerable to oxidative stress, and their dysfunction may be associated with cardiovascular disease. The association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with cardiometabolic risk factors (lipids, glycaemic traits, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and blood pressure) was assessed in two independent cohorts of European origin women, one in whom outcomes were measured at mean (SD) age 30 (4.3) years (N=2278) and the second at 69.4 (5.5) years (N=2872). Mitochondrial DNA copy number was assayed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Associations were adjusted for smoking, sociodemographic status, laboratory factors and white cell traits. Out of a total of 12 outcomes assessed in both cohorts, mitochondrial DNA copy number showed little or no association with the majority (point estimates were close to zero and nearly all p-values were >0.01). The strongest evidence was for an inverse association in the older cohort with insulin (standardised beta [95%CI]: -0.06, [-0.098, -0.022], p=0.002), but this association did not replicate in the younger cohort. Our findings do not provide support for variation in mitochondrial DNA copy number having an important impact on cardio-metabolic risk factors in European origin women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Guyatt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Kimberley Burrows
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Philip A I Guthrie
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Sue Ring
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Wendy McArdle
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Ian N M Day
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Raimondo Ascione
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Debbie A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Santiago Rodriguez
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK.
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184
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Sultana Z, Maiti K, Dedman L, Smith R. Is there a role for placental senescence in the genesis of obstetric complications and fetal growth restriction? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 218:S762-S773. [PMID: 29275823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.11.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The placenta ages as pregnancy advances, yet its continued function is required for a successful pregnancy outcome. Placental aging is a physiological phenomenon; however, there are some placentas that show signs of aging earlier than others. Premature placental senescence and aging are implicated in a number of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, spontaneous preterm birth, and intrauterine fetal death. Here we discuss cellular senescence, a state of terminal proliferation arrest, and how senescence is regulated. We also explore the role of physiological placental senescence and how aberrant placental senescence alters placental function, contributing to the pathophysiology of fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, spontaneous preterm labor/birth, and unexplained fetal death.
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185
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Rollings N, Uhrig EJ, Krohmer RW, Waye HL, Mason RT, Olsson M, Whittington CM, Friesen CR. Age-related sex differences in body condition and telomere dynamics of red-sided garter snakes. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 284:rspb.2016.2146. [PMID: 28381620 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Life-history strategies vary dramatically between the sexes, which may drive divergence in sex-specific senescence and mortality rates. Telomeres are tandem nucleotide repeats that protect the ends of chromosomes from erosion during cell division. Telomeres have been implicated in senescence and mortality because they tend to shorten with stress, growth and age. We investigated age-specific telomere length in female and male red-sided garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis We hypothesized that age-specific telomere length would differ between males and females given their divergent reproductive strategies. Male garter snakes emerge from hibernation with high levels of corticosterone, which facilitates energy mobilization to fuel mate-searching, courtship and mating behaviours during a two to four week aphagous breeding period at the den site. Conversely, females remain at the dens for only about 4 days and seem to invest more energy in growth and cellular maintenance, as they usually reproduce biennially. As male investment in reproduction involves a yearly bout of physiologically stressful activities, while females prioritize self-maintenance, we predicted male snakes would experience more age-specific telomere loss than females. We investigated this prediction using skeletochronology to determine the ages of individuals and qPCR to determine telomere length in a cross-sectional study. For both sexes, telomere length was positively related to body condition. Telomere length decreased with age in male garter snakes, but remained stable in female snakes. There was no correlation between telomere length and growth in either sex, suggesting that our results are a consequence of divergent selection on life histories of males and females. Different selection on the sexes may be the physiological consequence of the sexual dimorphism and mating system dynamics displayed by this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Rollings
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Heydon-Laurence Building (A08), New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Emily J Uhrig
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Randolph W Krohmer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Saint Xavier University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Heather L Waye
- Division of Science and Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Morris, MN, USA
| | - Robert T Mason
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Mats Olsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Camilla M Whittington
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Heydon-Laurence Building (A08), New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christopher R Friesen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Heydon-Laurence Building (A08), New South Wales 2006, Australia
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186
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Eirin A, Lerman A, Lerman LO. The Emerging Role of Mitochondrial Targeting in Kidney Disease. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2017; 240:229-250. [PMID: 27316914 DOI: 10.1007/164_2016_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Renal disease affects millions of people worldwide, imposing an enormous financial burden for health-care systems. Recent evidence suggests that mitochondria play an important role in the pathogenesis of different forms of renal disease, including genetic defects, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, aging, renal tumors, and transplant nephropathy. Renal mitochondrial abnormalities and dysfunction affect several cellular pathways, leading to increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, microvascular loss, and fibrosis, all of which compromise renal function. Over recent years, compounds that specifically target mitochondria have emerged as promising therapeutic options for patients with renal disease. Although the most compelling evidence is based on preclinical studies, several compounds are currently being tested in clinical trials. This chapter provides an overview of the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in renal disease and summarizes the current knowledge on mitochondria-targeted strategies to attenuate renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Eirin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. .,Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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187
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Hoffman TE, Barnett KJ, Wallis L, Hanneman WH. A multimethod computational simulation approach for investigating mitochondrial dynamics and dysfunction in degenerative aging. Aging Cell 2017; 16:1244-1255. [PMID: 28815872 PMCID: PMC5676065 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Research in biogerontology has largely focused on the complex relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and biological aging. In particular, the mitochondrial free radical theory of aging (MFRTA) has been well accepted. However, this theory has been challenged by recent studies showing minimal increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) as not entirely deleterious in nature, and even beneficial under the appropriate cellular circumstances. To assess these significant and nonintuitive observations in the context of a functional system, we have taken an in silico approach to expand the focus of the MFRTA by including other key mitochondrial stress response pathways, as they have been observed in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. These include the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy dynamics, the relevant DAF‐16 and SKN‐1 axes, and NAD+‐dependent deacetylase activities. To integrate these pathways, we have developed a multilevel hybrid‐modeling paradigm, containing agent‐based elements among stochastic system‐dynamics environments of logically derived ordinary differential equations, to simulate aging mitochondrial phenotypes within a population of energetically demanding cells. The simulation experiments resulted in accurate predictions of physiological parameters over time that accompany normal aging, such as the declines in both NAD+ and ATP and an increase in ROS. Additionally, the in silico system was virtually perturbed using a variety of pharmacological (e.g., rapamycin, pterostilbene, paraquat) and genetic (e.g., skn‐1, daf‐16, sod‐2) schemes to quantitate the temporal alterations of specific mechanistic targets, supporting insights into molecular determinants of aging as well as cytoprotective agents that may improve neurological or muscular healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E. Hoffman
- Center for Environmental Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Katherine J. Barnett
- Center for Environmental Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Lyle Wallis
- Center for Environmental Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - William H. Hanneman
- Center for Environmental Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
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188
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Park JH, Park BW, Kang YH, Byun SH, Hwang SC, Kim DR, Woo DK, Byun JH. Lin28a enhances in vitro osteoblastic differentiation of human periosteum-derived cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2017; 35:497-509. [PMID: 29143345 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite a capacity for proliferation and an ability to differentiate into multiple cell types, in long-term culture and with ageing, stem cells show a reduction in growth, display a decrease in differentiation potential, and enter senescence without evidence of transformation. The Lin28a gene encodes an RNA-binding protein that plays a role in regulating stem cell activity, including self-renewal and differentiation propensity. However, the effect of the Lin28a gene on cultured human osteoprecursor cells is poorly understood. In the present study, alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red-positive mineralization, and calcium content, positive indicators of osteogenic differentiation, were significantly higher in cultured human periosteum-derived cells (hPDCs) with Lin28a overexpression compared with cells without Lin28a overexpression. Lin28a overexpression by hPDCs also increased mitochondrial activity, which is essential for cellular proliferation, as suggested by a reduced presence of reactive oxygen species and significantly enhanced lactate levels and ATP production. Our results suggest that, in hPDCs, the Lin28a gene enhances osteoblastic differentiation and increases mitochondrial activity. Although Lin28a is known as a marker of undifferentiated human embryogenic stem cell, there is limited evidence regarding the influence of Lin28a on osteoblastic differentiation of cultured osteoprecursor cells. This study was to examine the impact of Lin28a on osteogenic phenotypes of human periosteum-derived cells. Their phenotypes can be similar to those of mesenchymal stem cells. Our results suggest that the Lin28a gene enhances the osteoblastic differentiation of human periosteum-derived cells. In addition, the Lin28a gene increases mitochondrial activity in human periosteum-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Bong-Wook Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Byun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Sun-Chul Hwang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Dong Kyun Woo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - June-Ho Byun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
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189
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Khalafalla FG, Kayani W, Kassab A, Ilves K, Monsanto MM, Alvarez R, Chavarria M, Norman B, Dembitsky WP, Sussman MA. Empowering human cardiac progenitor cells by P2Y 14 nucleotide receptor overexpression. J Physiol 2017; 595:7135-7148. [PMID: 28980705 DOI: 10.1113/jp274980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Autologous cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) therapy is a promising approach for treatment of heart failure (HF). There is an unmet need to identify inherent deficits in aged/diseased human CPCs (hCPCs) derived from HF patients in the attempts to augment their regenerative capacity prior to use in the clinical setting. Here we report significant functional correlations between phenotypic properties of hCPCs isolated from cardiac biopsies of HF patients, clinical parameters of patients and expression of the P2Y14 purinergic receptor (P2Y14 R), a crucial detector for extracellular UDP-sugars released during injury/stress. P2Y14 R is downregulated in hCPCs derived from HF patients with lower ejection fraction or diagnosed with diabetes. Augmenting P2Y14 R expression levels in aged/diseased hCPCs antagonizes senescence and improves functional responses. This study introduces purinergic signalling modulation as a potential strategy to rejuvenate and improve phenotypic characteristics of aged/functionally compromised hCPCs prior to transplantation in HF patients. ABSTRACT Autologous cardiac progenitor cell therapy is a promising alternative approach to current inefficient therapies for heart failure (HF). However, ex vivo expansion and pharmacological/genetic modification of human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) are necessary interventions to rejuvenate aged/diseased cells and improve their regenerative capacities. This study was designed to assess the potential of improving hCPC functional capacity by targeting the P2Y14 purinergic receptor (P2Y14 R), which has been previously reported to induce regenerative and anti-senescence responses in a variety of experimental models. c-Kit+ hCPCs were isolated from cardiac biopsies of multiple HF patients undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation surgery. Significant correlations existed between the expression of P2Y14 R in hCPCs and clinical parameters of HF patients. P2Y14 R was downregulated in hCPCs derived from patients with a relatively lower ejection fraction and patients diagnosed with diabetes. hCPC lines with lower P2Y14 R expression did not respond to P2Y14 R agonist UDP-glucose (UDP-Glu) while hCPCs with higher P2Y14 R expression showed enhanced proliferation in response to UDP-Glu stimulation. Mechanistically, UDP-Glu stimulation enhanced the activation of canonical growth signalling pathways ERK1/2 and AKT. Restoring P2Y14 R expression levels in functionally compromised hCPCs via lentiviral-mediated overexpression improved proliferation, migration and survival under stress stimuli. Additionally, P2Y14 R overexpression reversed senescence-associated morphology and reduced levels of molecular markers of senescence p16INK4a , p53, p21 and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Findings from this study unveil novel biological roles of the UDP-sugar receptor P2Y14 in hCPCs and suggest purinergic signalling modulation as a promising strategy to improve phenotypic properties of functionally impaired hCPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid G Khalafalla
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Waqas Kayani
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Arwa Kassab
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Kelli Ilves
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Megan M Monsanto
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Roberto Alvarez
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Monica Chavarria
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Benjamin Norman
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | | | - Mark A Sussman
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
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190
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Rottenberg H, Hoek JB. The path from mitochondrial ROS to aging runs through the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Aging Cell 2017; 16:943-955. [PMID: 28758328 PMCID: PMC5595682 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) is strongly associated with mitochondrial and cellular oxidative damage, aging, and degenerative diseases. However, mROS also induces pathways of protection of mitochondria that slow aging, inhibit cell death, and increase lifespan. Recent studies show that the activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), which is triggered by mROS and mitochondrial calcium overloading, is enhanced in aged animals and humans and in aging-related degenerative diseases. mPTP opening initiates further production and release of mROS that damage both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, proteins, and phospholipids, and also releases matrix NAD that is hydrolyzed in the intermembrane space, thus contributing to the depletion of cellular NAD that accelerates aging. Oxidative damage to calcium transporters leads to calcium overload and more frequent opening of mPTP. Because aging enhances the opening of the mPTP and mPTP opening accelerates aging, we suggest that mPTP opening drives the progression of aging. Activation of the mPTP is regulated, directly and indirectly, not only by the mitochondrial protection pathways that are induced by mROS, but also by pro-apoptotic signals that are induced by DNA damage. We suggest that the integration of these contrasting signals by the mPTP largely determines the rate of cell aging and the initiation of cell death, and thus animal lifespan. The suggestion that the control of mPTP activation is critical for the progression of aging can explain the conflicting and confusing evidence regarding the beneficial and deleterious effects of mROS on health and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagai Rottenberg
- New Hope Biomedical R&D; 23 W. Bridge Street New Hope PA 18038 USA
| | - Jan B. Hoek
- Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Cell Biology; MitoCare Center; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia PA 19107 USA
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191
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Xue R, Yang J, Wu J, Meng Q, Hao J. Coenzyme Q10 inhibits the activation of pancreatic stellate cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:92300-92311. [PMID: 29190916 PMCID: PMC5696182 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) have a vital role in pancreatic fibrosis accompanied by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and chronic pancreatitis (CP). Any agents which can affect the activation of PSCs could become potential candidates for treatment strategies in PDAC and CP. Our aim was to explore the effect of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the process of PSCs activation. Methods Isolated PSCs from C57BL/6 mice were treated with various dosages of CoQ10 (1, 10, and 100μM) and different time (24h, 48h, and 72 h). Effect of CoQ10 on autophagy, apoptosis, senescence and oxidative stress, as well as the activation of PSCs were analyzed by immunocytofluorescent staining, quantitative real time RT-PCR, western blotting, SA-β-galactosidase staining, malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay. Results Expression of α-smooth muscle actin, LC3II, Beclin1, Cleaved caspases-3 and Bax levels were significantly reduced in CoQ10 treatment groups. Meanwhile, compared with the control group, significant differences for the expression of desmin, P62, Bcl-2, p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-mTOR levels in CoQ10 treatment groups were found. Moreover, CoQ10 affected the secretion of extracellular matrix components for PSCs. Few SA-β-gal positive cells were found in CoQ10 treated groups. A significant decrease in ROS positive cells and malondialdehyde levels were observed after 72 h exposure to CoQ10. Conclusions Our finding suggests that CoQ10 inhibits the activation of PSCs by suppressing autophagy through activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. CoQ10 may act as a therapeutic agent in PSC-relating pathologies and/or anti-fibrotic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of Liver Disease, Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of Liver Disease, Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qinghua Meng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of Liver Disease, Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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192
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Abstract
The kidney requires a large number of mitochondria to remove waste from the blood and regulate fluid and electrolyte balance. Mitochondria provide the energy to drive these important functions and can adapt to different metabolic conditions through a number of signalling pathways (for example, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways) that activate the transcriptional co-activator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator 1α (PGC1α), and by balancing mitochondrial dynamics and energetics to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to a decrease in ATP production, alterations in cellular functions and structure, and the loss of renal function. Persistent mitochondrial dysfunction has a role in the early stages and progression of renal diseases, such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and diabetic nephropathy, as it disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis and thus normal kidney function. Improving mitochondrial homeostasis and function has the potential to restore renal function, and administering compounds that stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis can restore mitochondrial and renal function in mouse models of AKI and diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, inhibiting the fission protein dynamin 1-like protein (DRP1) might ameliorate ischaemic renal injury by blocking mitochondrial fission.
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193
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de Almeida AJPO, Ribeiro TP, de Medeiros IA. Aging: Molecular Pathways and Implications on the Cardiovascular System. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7941563. [PMID: 28874954 PMCID: PMC5569936 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7941563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The world's population over 60 years is growing rapidly, reaching 22% of the global population in the next decades. Despite the increase in global longevity, individual healthspan needs to follow this growth. Several diseases have their prevalence increased by age, such as cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding the aging biology mechanisms is fundamental to the pursuit of cardiovascular health. In this way, aging is characterized by a gradual decline in physiological functions, involving the increased number in senescent cells into the body. Several pathways lead to senescence, including oxidative stress and persistent inflammation, as well as energy failure such as mitochondrial dysfunction and deregulated autophagy, being ROS, AMPK, SIRTs, mTOR, IGF-1, and p53 key regulators of the metabolic control, connecting aging to the pathways which drive towards diseases. In addition, senescence can be induced by cellular replication, which resulted from telomere shortening. Taken together, it is possible to draw a common pathway unifying aging to cardiovascular diseases, and the central point of this process, senescence, can be the target for new therapies, which may result in the healthspan matching the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur José Pontes Oliveira de Almeida
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas/Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária-Campus I, Caixa Postal 5009, 58.051-970 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Thaís Porto Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas/Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária-Campus I, Caixa Postal 5009, 58.051-970 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Isac Almeida de Medeiros
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas/Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária-Campus I, Caixa Postal 5009, 58.051-970 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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194
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Yu DM, Jung SH, An HT, Lee S, Hong J, Park JS, Lee H, Lee H, Bahn MS, Lee HC, Han NK, Ko J, Lee JS, Ko YG. Caveolin-1 deficiency induces premature senescence with mitochondrial dysfunction. Aging Cell 2017; 16:773-784. [PMID: 28514055 PMCID: PMC5506423 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Paradoxical observations have been made regarding the role of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) during cellular senescence. For example, caveolin-1 deficiency prevents reactive oxygen species-induced cellular senescence despite mitochondrial dysfunction, which leads to senescence. To resolve this paradox, we re-addressed the role of caveolin-1 in cellular senescence in human diploid fibroblasts, A549, HCT116, and Cav-1-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cav-1 deficiency (knockout or knockdown) induced cellular senescence via a p53-p21-dependent pathway, downregulating the expression level of the cardiolipin biosynthesis enzymes and then reducing the content of cardiolipin, a critical lipid for mitochondrial respiration. Our results showed that Cav-1 deficiency decreased mitochondrial respiration, reduced the activity of oxidative phosphorylation complex I (CI), inactivated SIRT1, and decreased the NAD+ /NADH ratio. From these results, we concluded that Cav-1 deficiency induces premature senescence via mitochondrial dysfunction and silent information regulator 2 homologue 1 (SIRT1) inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Min Yu
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Seung Hee Jung
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Inha University College of Medicine; Incheon 22212 Korea
- Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center; Inha University College of Medicine; Incheon 22212 Korea
| | - Hyoung-Tae An
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Sungsoo Lee
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Jin Hong
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Jun Sub Park
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Hwayeon Lee
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Myeong-Suk Bahn
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Hyung Chul Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Inha University College of Medicine; Incheon 22212 Korea
- Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center; Inha University College of Medicine; Incheon 22212 Korea
| | - Na-Kyung Han
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Inha University College of Medicine; Incheon 22212 Korea
- Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center; Inha University College of Medicine; Incheon 22212 Korea
| | - Jesang Ko
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Jae-Seon Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Inha University College of Medicine; Incheon 22212 Korea
- Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center; Inha University College of Medicine; Incheon 22212 Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Ko
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
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195
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Carroll B, Nelson G, Rabanal-Ruiz Y, Kucheryavenko O, Dunhill-Turner NA, Chesterman CC, Zahari Q, Zhang T, Conduit SE, Mitchell CA, Maddocks ODK, Lovat P, von Zglinicki T, Korolchuk VI. Persistent mTORC1 signaling in cell senescence results from defects in amino acid and growth factor sensing. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:1949-1957. [PMID: 28566325 PMCID: PMC5496614 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201610113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and cell senescence are intimately linked to each other and to organismal aging. Inhibition of mTORC1 is the best-known intervention to extend lifespan, and recent evidence suggests that clearance of senescent cells can also improve health and lifespan. Enhanced mTORC1 activity drives characteristic phenotypes of senescence, although the underlying mechanisms responsible for increased activity are not well understood. We have identified that in human fibroblasts rendered senescent by stress, replicative exhaustion, or oncogene activation, mTORC1 is constitutively active and resistant to serum and amino acid starvation. This is driven in part by depolarization of senescent cell plasma membrane, which leads to primary cilia defects and a resultant failure to inhibit growth factor signaling. Further, increased autophagy and high levels of intracellular amino acids may act to support mTORC1 activity in starvation conditions. Interventions to correct these phenotypes restore sensitivity to the mTORC1 signaling pathway and cause death, indicating that persistent signaling supports senescent cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Carroll
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Glyn Nelson
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yoana Rabanal-Ruiz
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Olena Kucheryavenko
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Charlotte C Chesterman
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Qabil Zahari
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tong Zhang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Sarah E Conduit
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina A Mitchell
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oliver D K Maddocks
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Penny Lovat
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thomas von Zglinicki
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Viktor I Korolchuk
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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196
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The Preconditioning of Berberine Suppresses Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Premature Senescence via Regulation of Sirtuin 1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2391820. [PMID: 28751929 PMCID: PMC5511663 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2391820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
With a long history of application in Chinese traditional medicine, berberine (BBR) was reported to exhibit healthspan-extending properties in some age-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. However, the antiaging mechanism of BBR is not completely clear. By means of hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced premature cellular senescence model, we found that a low-concentration preconditioning of BBR could resist premature senescence in human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) measured by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), accompanied by a decrease in loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the low-concentration preconditioning of BBR could make cells less susceptible to subsequent H2O2-induced cell cycle arrest and growth inhibition. Experimental results further showed that the low concentration of BBR could induce a slight increase of ROS and upregulate the expression level of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an important longevity regulator. H2O2-induced activation of checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) was significantly attenuated after the preconditioning of BBR. The present findings implied that the low-concentration preconditioning of BBR could have a mitohormetic effect against cellular senescence triggered by oxidative stress in some age-related diseases through the regulation of SIRT1.
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197
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Yu G, Zhang SJ, Fan MC, Sun YN, Hu XL, Li WX. Ultrasound-assisted extraction and comparison of extraction methods based on antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Flammulina velutipes. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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198
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miR-21-5p/203a-3p promote ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell senescence through down-regulation of mitochondrial fission protein Drp1. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 164:8-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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199
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Monoamine Oxidases, Oxidative Stress, and Altered Mitochondrial Dynamics in Cardiac Ageing. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3017947. [PMID: 28546851 PMCID: PMC5435992 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3017947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The advances in healthcare over the past several decades have resulted in populations now living longer. With this increase in longevity, a wider prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is more common and known to be a major factor in rising healthcare costs. A wealth of scientific evidence has implicated cell senescence as an important component in the etiology of these age-dependent pathologies. A number of studies indicate that an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to trigger and accelerate the cardiac senescence processes, and a new role of monoamine oxidases, MAO-A and MAO-B, is emerging in this context. These mitochondrial enzymes regulate the level of catecholamines and serotonin by catalyzing their oxidative deamination in the heart. MAOs' expression substantially increases with ageing (6-fold MAO-A in the heart and 4-fold MAO-B in neuronal tissue), and their involvement in cardiac diseases is supposedly related to the formation of ROS, via the hydrogen peroxide produced during the substrate degradation. Here, we will review the most recent advances in this field and describe why MAOs could be effective targets in order to prevent age-associated cardiovascular disease.
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200
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Targeted apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells through mitochondrial dysfunction in response to Sambucus nigra agglutinin. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2762. [PMID: 28471452 PMCID: PMC5520748 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma (OC) patients encounter the severe challenge of clinical management owing to lack of screening measures, chemoresistance and finally dearth of non-toxic therapeutics. Cancer cells deploy various defense strategies to sustain the tumor microenvironment, among which deregulated apoptosis remains a versatile promoter of cancer progression. Although recent research has focused on identifying agents capable of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, yet molecules efficiently breaching their survival advantage are yet to be classified. Here we identify lectin, Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) to exhibit selectivity towards identifying OC by virtue of its specific recognition of α-2, 6-linked sialic acids. Superficial binding of SNA to the OC cells confirm the hyper-sialylated status of the disease. Further, SNA activates the signaling pathways of AKT and ERK1/2, which eventually promotes de-phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp-1). Upon its translocation to the mitochondrial fission loci Drp-1 mediates the central role of switch in the mitochondrial phenotype to attain fragmented morphology. We confirmed mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization resulting in ROS generation and cytochrome-c release into the cytosol. SNA response resulted in an allied shift of the bioenergetics profile from Warburg phenotype to elevated mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, altogether highlighting the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in restraining cancer progression. Inability to replenish the SNA-induced energy crunch of the proliferating cancer cells on the event of perturbed respiratory outcome resulted in cell cycle arrest before G2/M phase. Our findings position SNA at a crucial juncture where it proves to be a promising candidate for impeding progression of OC. Altogether we unveil the novel aspect of identifying natural molecules harboring the inherent capability of targeting mitochondrial structural dynamics, to hold the future for developing non-toxic therapeutics for treating OC.
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