151
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Ultrasound mediated delivery of quantum dots from a proof of concept capsule endoscope to the gastrointestinal wall. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2584. [PMID: 33510366 PMCID: PMC7844260 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biologic drugs, defined as therapeutic agents produced from or containing components of a living organism, are of growing importance to the pharmaceutical industry. Though oral delivery of medicine is convenient, biologics require invasive injections because of their poor bioavailability via oral routes. Delivery of biologics to the small intestine using electronic delivery with devices that are similar to capsule endoscopes is a promising means of overcoming this limitation and does not require reformulation of the therapeutic agent. The efficacy of such capsule devices for drug delivery could be further improved by increasing the permeability of the intestinal tract lining with an integrated ultrasound transducer to increase uptake. This paper describes a novel proof of concept capsule device capable of electronic application of focused ultrasound and delivery of therapeutic agents. Fluorescent markers, which were chosen as a model drug, were used to demonstrate in vivo delivery in the porcine small intestine with this capsule. We show that the fluorescent markers can penetrate the mucus layer of the small intestine at low acoustic powers when combining microbubbles with focused ultrasound during in vivo experiments using porcine models. This study illustrates how such a device could be potentially used for gastrointestinal drug delivery and the challenges to be overcome before focused ultrasound and microbubbles could be used with this device for the oral delivery of biologic therapeutics.
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152
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Maikawa CL, d'Aquino AI, Lal RA, Buckingham BA, Appel EA. Engineering biopharmaceutical formulations to improve diabetes management. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabd6726. [PMID: 33504649 PMCID: PMC8004356 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd6726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Insulin was first isolated almost a century ago, yet commercial formulations of insulin and its analogs for hormone replacement therapy still fall short of appropriately mimicking endogenous glycemic control. Moreover, the controlled delivery of complementary hormones (such as amylin or glucagon) is complicated by instability of the pharmacologic agents and complexity of maintaining multiple infusions. In this review, we highlight the advantages and limitations of recent advances in drug formulation that improve protein stability and pharmacokinetics, prolong drug delivery, or enable alternative dosage forms for the management of diabetes. With controlled delivery, these formulations could improve closed-loop glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin L Maikawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrea I d'Aquino
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rayhan A Lal
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bruce A Buckingham
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eric A Appel
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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153
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Wang L, Yang J, Li S, Li Q, Liu S, Zheng W, Jiang X. Oral Administration of Starting Materials for In Vivo Synthesis of Antibacterial Gold Nanoparticles for Curing Remote Infections. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:1124-1131. [PMID: 33459020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Oral administration is a facile and safe way for medication. However, most of the reported nanomedicines could not be taken orally, partially due to their unsatisfied stability, poor absorbance, or toxicity in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we demonstrate that we could robustly synthesize gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in vivo by orally administering two starting materials, tetrachloroauric acid and aminophenyl boronic acid (ABA). The ABA-activated GNPs (A-GNPs) synthesized in vivo could be absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and reach the remote infection lesions such as peritonitis caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria in mice. The A-GNPs exhibit excellent antibacterial efficacy (MIC, 3 μg/mL), long half-life (16-17 h), effective clearance (residual concentration is near 0 within 72 h), and high biosafety (safe dose/effective dose, 8 times). Our study is a pioneering attempt for synthesizing and taking nanomedicines orally just like preparing and drinking a cocktail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Junchuan Yang
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Sixiang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Qizhen Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Shaoqin Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
| | - Wenfu Zheng
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
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154
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Zizzari AT, Pliatsika D, Gall FM, Fischer T, Riedl R. New perspectives in oral peptide delivery. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1097-1105. [PMID: 33497830 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their structural diversity, peptides are a unique source of innovative active ingredients. However, their development has been challenging because of their disadvantageous pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Over the past decade, many attempts have been made to improve the oral bioavailability of peptide drugs. In this review, we highlight the most recent and promising techniques aimed at the improvement of the oral bioavailability of peptides. The most recent findings will influence future approaches of pharmaceutical companies in the development of new, more efficient, and safer orally delivered peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra T Zizzari
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Dimanthi Pliatsika
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Flavio M Gall
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Riedl
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
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155
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Coffey JW, Gaiha GD, Traverso G. Oral Biologic Delivery: Advances Toward Oral Subunit, DNA, and mRNA Vaccines and the Potential for Mass Vaccination During Pandemics. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 61:517-540. [PMID: 32466690 PMCID: PMC8057107 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-030320-092348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral vaccination enables pain-free and self-administrable vaccine delivery for rapid mass vaccination during pandemic outbreaks. Furthermore, it elicits systemic and mucosal immune responses. This protects against infection at mucosal surfaces, which may further enhance protection and minimize the spread of disease. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract presents a number of prospective mucosal inductive sites for vaccine targeting, including the oral cavity, stomach, and small intestine. However, currently available oral vaccines are effectively limited to live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines against enteric diseases. The GI tract poses a number of challenges,including degradative processes that digest biologics and mucosal barriers that limit their absorption. This review summarizes the approaches currently under development and future opportunities for oral vaccine delivery to established (intestinal) and relatively new (oral cavity, stomach) mucosal targets. Special consideration is given to recent advances in oral biologic delivery that offer promise as future platforms for the administration of oral vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob William Coffey
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Gaurav Das Gaiha
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;
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156
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Wook Huh H, Na YG, Kang H, Kim M, Han M, Mai Anh Pham T, Lee H, Baek JS, Lee HK, Cho CW. Novel self-floating tablet for enhanced oral bioavailability of metformin based on cellulose. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120113. [PMID: 33246050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metformin has several problems such as low bioavailability, short half-life, and narrow absorption window, sustained and site-specific drug delivery system is required. Floating drug delivery systems are very useful to achieve these purposes. However, conventional floating systems have several limitations; lag time, a high proportion of excipient in the tablet, using non-biocompatible excipient, and requirement of a complicated procedure. To overcome these obstacles, we developed a hollow-core floating tablet (HCFT). The HCFT immediately floated in pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 medium, and even distilled water. The floating duration time of HCFT was>24 h. From the in vitro release study, it was confirmed that HCFT showed the sustain release profile of metformin for 12 h. Water uptake and matrix erosion were evaluated for predicting the buoyancy and drug release kinetics of HCFT in the body. Factor analysis was applied to optimize the formulation. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in metformin plasma concentration of 4 h and 6 h between two groups. Compared with Glucophage® XR, the relative bioavailability of metformin HCFT was 123.81 ± 3.52%. The X-ray imaging of optimized formulation revealed that HCFT was constantly floating in the stomach region of the rabbit, thereby indicating improved gastric retention for>6 h. Consequently, all the findings indicate that HCFT could be an effective gastric retention system and applied extensively to other drugs with narrow absorption windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Wook Huh
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Guk Na
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - HeeChol Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Minki Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingu Han
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Mai Anh Pham
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonmin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Suep Baek
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National Univerisity, Chucheon, Gangwon-do 25949, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hong-Ki Lee
- Animal Model Research Group, Jeonbuk Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 53212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheong-Weon Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
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157
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Wang Z, Wang J, Kahkoska AR, Buse JB, Gu Z. Developing Insulin Delivery Devices with Glucose Responsiveness. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 42:31-44. [PMID: 33250274 PMCID: PMC7758938 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with type 1 and advanced type 2 diabetes require daily insulin therapy to maintain blood glucose levels in normoglycemic ranges to prevent associated morbidity and mortality. Optimal insulin delivery should offer both precise dosing in response to real-time blood glucose levels as well as a feasible and low-burden administration route to promote long-term adherence. A series of glucose-responsive insulin delivery mechanisms and devices have been reported to increase patient compliance while mitigating the risk of hypoglycemia. This review discusses currently available insulin delivery devices, overviews recent developments towards the generation of glucose-responsive delivery systems, and provides commentary on the opportunities and barriers ahead regarding the integration and translation of current glucose-responsive insulin delivery designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Anna R Kahkoska
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - John B Buse
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Zhen Gu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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158
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159
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Kjeldsen TB, Hubálek F, Tagmose TM, Pridal L, Refsgaard HHF, Porsgaard T, Gram-Nielsen S, Hovgaard L, Valore H, Münzel M, Hjørringgaard CU, Jeppesen CB, Manfè V, Hoeg-Jensen T, Ludvigsen S, Nielsen PK, Lautrup-Larsen I, Stidsen CE, Wulff EM, Garibay PW, Kodra JT, Nishimura E, Madsen P. Engineering of Orally Available, Ultralong-Acting Insulin Analogues: Discovery of OI338 and OI320. J Med Chem 2020; 64:616-628. [PMID: 33356257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the first basal oral insulin (OI338) was shown to provide similar treatment outcomes to insulin glargine in a phase 2a clinical trial. Here, we report the engineering of a novel class of basal oral insulin analogues of which OI338, 10, in this publication, was successfully tested in the phase 2a clinical trial. We found that the introduction of two insulin substitutions, A14E and B25H, was needed to provide increased stability toward proteolysis. Ultralong pharmacokinetic profiles were obtained by attaching an albumin-binding side chain derived from octadecanedioic (C18) or icosanedioic acid (C20) to the lysine in position B29. Crucial for obtaining the ultralong PK profile was also a significant reduction of insulin receptor affinity. Oral bioavailability in dogs indicated that C18-based analogues were superior to C20-based analogues. These studies led to the identification of the two clinical candidates OI338 and OI320 (10 and 24, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Kjeldsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - František Hubálek
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Tina M Tagmose
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Lone Pridal
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Hanne H F Refsgaard
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Trine Porsgaard
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Sanne Gram-Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Lars Hovgaard
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Henrik Valore
- Novo Nordisk A/S, CMC API Development, Brudelysvej 20, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark
| | - Martin Münzel
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | - Claus Bekker Jeppesen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Valentina Manfè
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Thomas Hoeg-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Svend Ludvigsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Peter Kresten Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Inger Lautrup-Larsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Carsten E Stidsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Erik M Wulff
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Patrick W Garibay
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - János T Kodra
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Erica Nishimura
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Peter Madsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
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160
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Challenges and opportunities in the delivery of cancer therapeutics: update on recent progress. Ther Deliv 2020; 12:55-76. [PMID: 33307811 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2020-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Global cancer prevalence has continuously increased in the last decades despite substantial progress achieved for patient care. Cancer is no longer recognized as a singular disease but as a plurality of different ones, leading to the important choice of the drug administration route and promoting the development of novel drug-delivery systems (DDS). Due to their structural diversity, therapeutic cancer drugs present specific challenges in physicochemical properties that can adversely affect their efficacy and toxicity profile. These challenges are addressed by innovative DDS to improve bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution profiles. Here, we define the drug delivery challenges related to oral, intravenous, subcutaneous or alternative routes of administration, and review innovative DDS, marketed or in development, that answer those challenges.
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161
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Zheng Y, Xing L, Chen L, Zhou R, Wu J, Zhu X, Li L, Xiang Y, Wu R, Zhang L, Huang Y. Tailored elasticity combined with biomimetic surface promotes nanoparticle transcytosis to overcome mucosal epithelial barrier. Biomaterials 2020; 262:120323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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162
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Mandala VS, McKay MJ, Shcherbakov AA, Dregni AJ, Kolocouris A, Hong M. Structure and drug binding of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein transmembrane domain in lipid bilayers. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2020; 27:1202-1208. [PMID: 33177698 PMCID: PMC7718435 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-020-00536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An essential protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the envelope protein E, forms a homopentameric cation channel that is important for virus pathogenicity. Here we report a 2.1-Å structure and the drug-binding site of E's transmembrane domain (ETM), determined using solid-state NMR spectroscopy. In lipid bilayers that mimic the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) membrane, ETM forms a five-helix bundle surrounding a narrow pore. The protein deviates from the ideal α-helical geometry due to three phenylalanine residues, which stack within each helix and between helices. Together with valine and leucine interdigitation, these cause a dehydrated pore compared with the viroporins of influenza viruses and HIV. Hexamethylene amiloride binds the polar amino-terminal lumen, whereas acidic pH affects the carboxy-terminal conformation. Thus, the N- and C-terminal halves of this bipartite channel may interact with other viral and host proteins semi-independently. The structure sets the stage for designing E inhibitors as antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata S Mandala
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew J McKay
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Aurelio J Dregni
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Antonios Kolocouris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Mei Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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163
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Finbloom JA, Sousa F, Stevens MM, Desai TA. Engineering the drug carrier biointerface to overcome biological barriers to drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 167:89-108. [PMID: 32535139 PMCID: PMC10822675 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Micro and nanoscale drug carriers must navigate through a plethora of dynamic biological systems prior to reaching their tissue or disease targets. The biological obstacles to drug delivery come in many forms and include tissue barriers, mucus and bacterial biofilm hydrogels, the immune system, and cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking. The biointerface of drug carriers influences how these carriers navigate and overcome biological barriers for successful drug delivery. In this review, we examine how key material design parameters lead to dynamic biointerfaces and improved drug delivery across biological barriers. We provide a brief overview of approaches used to engineer key physicochemical properties of drug carriers, such as morphology, surface chemistry, and topography, as well as the development of dynamic responsive materials for barrier navigation. We then discuss essential biological barriers and how biointerface engineering can enable drug carriers to better navigate and overcome these barriers to drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel A Finbloom
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Flávia Sousa
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Tejal A Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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164
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Soto F, Wang J, Ahmed R, Demirci U. Medical Micro/Nanorobots in Precision Medicine. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002203. [PMID: 33173743 PMCID: PMC7610261 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Advances in medical robots promise to improve modern medicine and the quality of life. Miniaturization of these robotic platforms has led to numerous applications that leverages precision medicine. In this review, the current trends of medical micro and nanorobotics for therapy, surgery, diagnosis, and medical imaging are discussed. The use of micro and nanorobots in precision medicine still faces technical, regulatory, and market challenges for their widespread use in clinical settings. Nevertheless, recent translations from proof of concept to in vivo studies demonstrate their potential toward precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Soto
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologySchool of Medicine Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304‐5427USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologySchool of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304‐5427USA
| | - Jie Wang
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologySchool of Medicine Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304‐5427USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologySchool of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304‐5427USA
| | - Rajib Ahmed
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologySchool of Medicine Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304‐5427USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologySchool of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304‐5427USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologySchool of Medicine Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304‐5427USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologySchool of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304‐5427USA
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165
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Zhou X, Jiang X, Qu M, Aninwene G, Jucaud V, Moon JJ, Gu Z, Sun W, Khademhosseini A. Engineering Antiviral Vaccines. ACS NANO 2020; 14:12370-12389. [PMID: 33001626 PMCID: PMC7534801 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the vital role of vaccines in fighting viral pathogens, effective vaccines are still unavailable for many infectious diseases. The importance of vaccines cannot be overstated during the outbreak of a pandemic, such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The understanding of genomics, structural biology, and innate/adaptive immunity have expanded the toolkits available for current vaccine development. However, sudden outbreaks and the requirement of population-level immunization still pose great challenges in today's vaccine designs. Well-established vaccine development protocols from previous experiences are in place to guide the pipelines of vaccine development for emerging viral diseases. Nevertheless, vaccine development may follow different paradigms during a pandemic. For example, multiple vaccine candidates must be pushed into clinical trials simultaneously, and manufacturing capability must be scaled up in early stages. Factors from essential features of safety, efficacy, manufacturing, and distributions to administration approaches are taken into consideration based on advances in materials science and engineering technologies. In this review, we present recent advances in vaccine development by focusing on vaccine discovery, formulation, and delivery devices enabled by alternative administration approaches. We hope to shed light on developing better solutions for faster and better vaccine development strategies through the use of biomaterials, biomolecular engineering, nanotechnology, and microfabrication techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwu Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xing Jiang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Moyuan Qu
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology. Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - George Aninwene
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - James J. Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Zhen Gu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Wujin Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
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166
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Jørgensen JR, Thamdrup LHE, Kamguyan K, Nielsen LH, Nielsen HM, Boisen A, Rades T, Müllertz A. Design of a self-unfolding delivery concept for oral administration of macromolecules. J Control Release 2020; 329:948-954. [PMID: 33086101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Delivering macromolecular drugs, e.g. peptides, to the systemic circulation by oral administration is challenging due to their degradation in the gastrointestinal tract and low transmucosal permeation. In this study, the concept of an oral delivery device utilizing an elastomeric material is presented with the potential of increasing the absorption of peptides, e.g. insulin. Absorption enhancement in the intestine is proposed as a result of self-unfolding of a polydimethylsiloxane foil upon release from enteric coated capsules. A pH-sensitive polymer coating prevents capsule disintegration until arrival in the small intestine where complete unfolding of the elastomeric foil ensures close contact with the intestinal mucosa. Foils with close-packed hexagonal compartments for optimal drug loading are produced by casting against a deep-etched silicon master. Complete unfolding of the foil upon capsule disintegration is verified in vitro and the insulin release profile of the final delivery device confirms insulin protection at gastric pH. In vivo performance is evaluated with the outcome of quantifiable plasma insulin concentrations in all rats receiving duodenal administration of the novel delivery device. By taking advantage of elastomeric material properties for drug delivery, this approach might serve as inspiration for further development of commercially viable biocompatible devices for oral delivery of macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Jørgensen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lasse H E Thamdrup
- Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics (IDUN), Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Khorshid Kamguyan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics (IDUN), Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Line H Nielsen
- Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics (IDUN), Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Hanne M Nielsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anja Boisen
- Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics (IDUN), Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anette Müllertz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Bioneer:FARMA, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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167
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Hu C, Liu W, Xu N, Huang A, Zhang Z, Fan M, Ruan G, Wang Y, Xi T, Xing Y. Silk fibroin hydrogel as mucosal vaccine carrier: induction of gastric CD4+TRM cells mediated by inflammatory response induces optimal immune protection against Helicobacter felis. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:2289-2302. [PMID: 33000989 PMCID: PMC7594714 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1830719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells, located in the epithelium of most peripheral tissues, constitute the first-line defense against pathogen infections. Our previous study reported that gastric subserous layer (GSL) vaccination induced a “pool” of protective tissue-resident memory CD4+T (CD4+TRM) cells in the gastric epithelium. However, the mechanistic details how CD4+TRM cells form in the gastric epithelium are unknown. Here, our results suggested that the vaccine containing CCF in combination with Silk fibroin hydrogel (SF) broadened the distribution of gastric intraepithelial CD4+TRM cells. It was revealed that the gastric intraepithelial TRM cells were even more important than circulating memory T cells against infection by Helicobacter felis. It was also shown that gastric-infiltrating neutrophils were involved as indispensable mediators which secreted CXCL10 to chemoattract CXCR3+CD4+T cells into the gastric epithelium. Blocking of CXCR3 or neutrophils significantly decreased the number of gastric intraepithelial CD4+TRM cells due to reduced recruitment of CD4+T cells. This study demonstrated the protective efficacy of gastric CD4+TRM cells against H. felis infection, and highlighted the influence of neutrophils on gastric intraepithelial CD4+TRM cells formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chupeng Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningyin Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - An Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Menghui Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojing Ruan
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xi
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Xing
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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168
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Maher S, Geoghegan C, Brayden DJ. Intestinal permeation enhancers to improve oral bioavailability of macromolecules: reasons for low efficacy in humans. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 18:273-300. [PMID: 32937089 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1825375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal permeation enhancers (PEs) are substances that transiently alter the intestinal epithelial barrier to facilitate permeation of macromolecules with low oral bioavailability (BA). While a number of PEs have progressed to clinical testing in conventional formulations with macromolecules, there has been only low single digit increases in oral BA, irrespective of whether the drug met primary or secondary clinical endpoints. AREAS COVERED This article considers the causes of sub-optimal BA of macromolecules from PE dosage forms and suggests approaches that may improve performance in humans. EXPERT OPINION Permeation enhancement is most effective when the PE is co-localized with the macromolecule at the epithelial surface. Conditions in the GI tract impede optimal co-localization. Novel delivery systems that limit dilution and spreading of the PE and macromolecule in the small intestine have attempted to replicate promising enhancement efficacy observed in static drug delivery models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Maher
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline Geoghegan
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David J Brayden
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine and UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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169
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Xiao Y, Tang Z, Wang J, Liu C, Kong N, Farokhzad OC, Tao W. Oral Insulin Delivery Platforms: Strategies To Address the Biological Barriers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19787-19795. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Xiao
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Zhongmin Tang
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Junqing Wang
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Chuang Liu
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Na Kong
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Omid C. Farokhzad
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
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170
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Xiao Y, Tang Z, Wang J, Liu C, Kong N, Farokhzad OC, Tao W. Plattformen für die orale Insulinabgabe: Strategien zur Beseitigung der biologischen Barrieren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Xiao
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Zhongmin Tang
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Junqing Wang
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Chuang Liu
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Na Kong
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Omid C. Farokhzad
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
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171
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Mandala VS, McKay MJ, Shcherbakov AA, Dregni AJ, Kolocouris A, Hong M. Structure and Drug Binding of the SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein in Phospholipid Bilayers. RESEARCH SQUARE 2020:rs.3.rs-77124. [PMID: 32995764 PMCID: PMC7523133 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-77124/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Successful development of vaccines and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 requires a comprehensive understanding of the essential proteins of the virus. The envelope (E) protein of SARS-CoV-2 assembles into a cation-selective channel that mediates virus budding, release, and host inflammation response. E blockage reduces virus pathogenicity while E deletion attenuates the virus. Here we report the 2.4 Å structure and drug-binding site of E's transmembrane (TM) domain, determined using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In lipid bilayers that mimic the endoplasmic reticulum Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) membrane, ETM forms a five-helix bundle surrounding a narrow central pore. The middle of the TM segment is distorted from the ideal a-helical geometry due to three regularly spaced phenylalanine residues, which stack within each helix and between neighboring helices. These aromatic interactions, together with interhelical Val and Leu interdigitation, cause a dehydrated pore compared to the viroporins of influenza and HIV viruses. Hexamethylene amiloride and amantadine bind shallowly to polar residues at the N-terminal lumen, while acidic pH affects the C-terminal conformation. These results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 E forms a structurally robust but bipartite channel whose N- and C-terminal halves can interact with drugs, ions and other viral and host proteins semi-independently. This structure establishes the atomic basis for designing E inhibitors as antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata S. Mandala
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Matthew J. McKay
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Alexander A. Shcherbakov
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Aurelio J. Dregni
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Antonios Kolocouris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Mei Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
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172
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Wang X, Yan J, Wang L, Pan D, Xu Y, Wang F, Sheng J, Li X, Yang M. Oral delivery of anti-TNF antibody shielded by natural polyphenol-mediated supramolecular assembly for inflammatory bowel disease therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:10808-10822. [PMID: 32929381 PMCID: PMC7482796 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy is a very effective way to treat inflammatory bowel disease. However, systemic exposure to anti-TNF-α antibodies through current clinical systemic administration can cause serious adverse effects in many patients. Here, we report a facile prepared self-assembled supramolecular nanoparticle based on natural polyphenol tannic acid and poly(ethylene glycol) containing polymer for oral antibody delivery. Method: This supramolecular nanoparticle was fabricated within minutes in aqueous solution and easily scaled up to gram level due to their pH-dependent reversible assembly. DSS-induced colitis model was prepared to evaluate the ability of inflammatory colon targeting ability and therapeutic efficacy of this antibody-loaded nanoparticles. Results: This polyphenol-based nanoparticle can be aqueous assembly without organic solvent and thus scaled up easily. The oral administration of antibody loaded nanoparticle achieved high accumulation in the inflamed colon and low systemic exposure. The novel formulation of anti-TNF-α antibodies administrated orally achieved high efficacy in the treatment of colitis mice compared with free antibodies administered orally. The average weight, colon length, and inflammatory factors in colon and serum of colitis mice after the treatment of novel formulation of anti-TNF-α antibodies even reached the similar level to healthy controls. Conclusion: This polyphenol-based supramolecular nanoparticle is a promising platform for oral delivery of antibodies for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, which may have promising clinical translation prospects.
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173
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Abramson A, Dellal D, Kong YL, Zhou J, Gao Y, Collins J, Tamang S, Wainer J, McManus R, Hayward A, Frederiksen MR, Water JJ, Jensen B, Roxhed N, Langer R, Traverso G. Ingestible transiently anchoring electronics for microstimulation and conductive signaling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz0127. [PMID: 32923616 PMCID: PMC7455191 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ingestible electronic devices enable noninvasive evaluation and diagnosis of pathologies in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but generally cannot therapeutically interact with the tissue wall. Here, we report the development of an orally administered electrical stimulation device characterized in ex vivo human tissue and in in vivo swine models, which transiently anchored itself to the stomach by autonomously inserting electrically conductive, hooked probes. The probes provided stimulation to the tissue via timed electrical pulses that could be used as a treatment for gastric motility disorders. To demonstrate interaction with stomach muscle tissue, we used the electrical stimulation to induce acute muscular contractions. Pulses conductively signaled the probes' successful anchoring and detachment events to a parenterally placed device. The ability to anchor into and electrically interact with targeted GI tissues controlled by the enteric nervous system introduces opportunities to treat a multitude of associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Abramson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David Dellal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yong Lin Kong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jianlin Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joy Collins
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Siddartha Tamang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jacob Wainer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rebecca McManus
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alison Hayward
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Jorrit J. Water
- Global Research Technologies and Device R&D, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Brian Jensen
- Global Research Technologies and Device R&D, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Niclas Roxhed
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Corresponding author. (R.L.); (G.T.)
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Chemical Engineering and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Corresponding author. (R.L.); (G.T.)
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174
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Hubálek F, Refsgaard HHF, Gram-Nielsen S, Madsen P, Nishimura E, Münzel M, Brand CL, Stidsen CE, Claussen CH, Wulff EM, Pridal L, Ribel U, Kildegaard J, Porsgaard T, Johansson E, Steensgaard DB, Hovgaard L, Glendorf T, Hansen BF, Jensen MK, Nielsen PK, Ludvigsen S, Rugh S, Garibay PW, Moore MC, Cherrington AD, Kjeldsen T. Molecular engineering of safe and efficacious oral basal insulin. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3746. [PMID: 32719315 PMCID: PMC7385171 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the clinical proof of concept for the first ultra-long oral insulin was reported, showing efficacy and safety similar to subcutaneously administered insulin glargine. Here, we report the molecular engineering as well as biological and pharmacological properties of these insulin analogues. Molecules were designed to have ultra-long pharmacokinetic profile to minimize variability in plasma exposure. Elimination plasma half-life of ~20 h in dogs and ~70 h in man is achieved by a strong albumin binding, and by lowering the insulin receptor affinity 500-fold to slow down receptor mediated clearance. These insulin analogues still stimulate efficient glucose disposal in rats, pigs and dogs during constant intravenous infusion and euglycemic clamp conditions. The albumin binding facilitates initial high plasma exposure with a concomitant delay in distribution to peripheral tissues. This slow appearance in the periphery mediates an early transient hepato-centric insulin action and blunts hypoglycaemia in dogs in response to overdosing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peter Madsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Erica Nishimura
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Martin Münzel
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Erik Max Wulff
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Lone Pridal
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Ulla Ribel
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | - Trine Porsgaard
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Eva Johansson
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | - Lars Hovgaard
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Tine Glendorf
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Bo Falck Hansen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | | | - Svend Ludvigsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Susanne Rugh
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Kjeldsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark.
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Huang WK, Xie C, Young RL, Zhao JB, Ebendorff-Heidepriem H, Jones KL, Rayner CK, Wu TZ. Development of innovative tools for investigation of nutrient-gut interaction. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:3562-3576. [PMID: 32742126 PMCID: PMC7366065 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i25.3562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is the key interface between the ingesta and the human body. There is wide recognition that the gastrointestinal response to nutrients or bioactive compounds, particularly the secretion of numerous hormones, is critical to the regulation of appetite, body weight and blood glucose. This concept has led to an increasing focus on “gut-based” strategies for the management of metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and obesity. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and downstream effects of nutrient-gut interactions is fundamental to effective translation of this knowledge to clinical practice. To this end, an array of research tools and platforms have been developed to better understand the mechanisms of gut hormone secretion from enteroendocrine cells. This review discusses the evolution of in vitro and in vivo models and the integration of innovative techniques that will ultimately enable the development of novel therapies for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Kun Huang
- Adelaide Medical School, Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Cong Xie
- Adelaide Medical School, Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Richard L Young
- Adelaide Medical School, Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Gut Health, Lifelong Health, South Australia Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jiang-Bo Zhao
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Karen L Jones
- Adelaide Medical School, Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Christopher K Rayner
- Adelaide Medical School, Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Tong-Zhi Wu
- Adelaide Medical School, Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
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176
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Ciuti G, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Marlicz W, Iacovacci V, Liu H, Stoyanov D, Arezzo A, Chiurazzi M, Toth E, Thorlacius H, Dario P, Koulaouzidis A. Frontiers of Robotic Colonoscopy: A Comprehensive Review of Robotic Colonoscopes and Technologies. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1648. [PMID: 32486374 PMCID: PMC7356873 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible colonoscopy remains the prime mean of screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) and the gold standard of all population-based screening pathways around the world. Almost 60% of CRC deaths could be prevented with screening. However, colonoscopy attendance rates are affected by discomfort, fear of pain and embarrassment or loss of control during the procedure. Moreover, the emergence and global thread of new communicable diseases might seriously affect the functioning of contemporary centres performing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Innovative solutions are needed: artificial intelligence (AI) and physical robotics will drastically contribute for the future of the healthcare services. The translation of robotic technologies from traditional surgery to minimally invasive endoscopic interventions is an emerging field, mainly challenged by the tough requirements for miniaturization. Pioneering approaches for robotic colonoscopy have been reported in the nineties, with the appearance of inchworm-like devices. Since then, robotic colonoscopes with assistive functionalities have become commercially available. Research prototypes promise enhanced accessibility and flexibility for future therapeutic interventions, even via autonomous or robotic-assisted agents, such as robotic capsules. Furthermore, the pairing of such endoscopic systems with AI-enabled image analysis and recognition methods promises enhanced diagnostic yield. By assembling a multidisciplinary team of engineers and endoscopists, the paper aims to provide a contemporary and highly-pictorial critical review for robotic colonoscopes, hence providing clinicians and researchers with a glimpse of the major changes and challenges that lie ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastone Ciuti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy; (V.I.); (M.C.); (P.D.)
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Marlicz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
- Endoklinika sp. z o.o., 70-535 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Veronica Iacovacci
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy; (V.I.); (M.C.); (P.D.)
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Hongbin Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK;
| | - Danail Stoyanov
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS), University College London, London W1W 7TY, UK;
| | - Alberto Arezzo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Marcello Chiurazzi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy; (V.I.); (M.C.); (P.D.)
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ervin Toth
- Department of Gastroenterology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden;
| | - Henrik Thorlacius
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Surgery, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden;
| | - Paolo Dario
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy; (V.I.); (M.C.); (P.D.)
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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177
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Brayden D, Hill T, Fairlie D, Maher S, Mrsny R. Systemic delivery of peptides by the oral route: Formulation and medicinal chemistry approaches. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 157:2-36. [PMID: 32479930 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In its 33 years, ADDR has published regularly on the po5tential of oral delivery of biologics especially peptides and proteins. In the intervening period, analysis of the preclinical and clinical trial failures of many purported platform technologies has led to reflection on the true status of the field and reigning in of expectations. Oral formulations of semaglutide, octreotide, and salmon calcitonin have completed Phase III trials, with oral semaglutide being approved by the FDA in 2019. The progress made with oral peptide formulations based on traditional permeation enhancers is against a background of low and variable oral bioavailability values of ~1%, leading to a current perception that only potent peptides with a viable cost of synthesis can be realistically considered. Desirable features of candidates should include a large therapeutic index, some stability in the GI tract, a long elimination half-life, and a relatively low clearance rate. Administration in nanoparticle formats have largely disappointed, with few prototypes reaching clinical trials: insufficient particle loading, lack of controlled release, low epithelial particle uptake, and lack of scalable synthesis being the main reasons for discontinuation. Disruptive technologies based on engineered devices promise improvements, but scale-up and toxicology aspects are issues to address. In parallel, medicinal chemists are synthesizing stable hydrophobic macrocyclic candidate peptides of lower molecular weight and with potential for greater oral bioavailability than linear peptides, but perhaps without the same requirement for elaborate drug delivery systems. In summary, while there have been advances in understanding the limitations of peptides for oral delivery, low membrane permeability, metabolism, and high clearance rates continue to hamper progress.
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178
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Zhou Y, Liu L, Cao Y, Yu S, He C, Chen X. A Nanocomposite Vehicle Based on Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticle Incorporated Biodegradable Microspheres for Enhanced Oral Insulin Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:22581-22592. [PMID: 32340452 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Oral insulin delivery has revolutionized diabetes treatment, but challenges including degradation in the gastrointestinal environment and low permeation across the intestinal epithelium remain. Herein, to overcome these barriers, we developed a novel biodegradable nanocomposite microsphere embedded with metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles. An iron-based MOF nanoparticle (NP) (MIL-100) was first synthesized as a carrier with an insulin loading capacity of 35%. The insulin-loaded MIL-100 nanoparticles modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate (Ins@MIL100/SDS) promoted insulin permeation across Caco-2 monolayer models in vitro. To improve resistance to the gastric acid environment, Ins@MIL100/SDS nanoparticles were embedded into a biodegradable microsphere to construct the nanocomposite delivery system (Ins@MIL100/SDS@MS). The microspheres effectively protected the MOF NPs from rapid degradation under acidic conditions and could release insulin-loaded MOF NPs in the simulated intestinal fluid. After the oral administration of Ins@MIL100/SDS@MS into BALB/c nude mice, increased intestinal absorption of the insulin was detected compared to the oral administration of free insulin or Ins@MIL100/SDS. Furthermore, significantly enhanced plasma insulin levels were obtained for over 6 h after oral administration of Ins@MIL100/SDS@MS into diabetic rats, leading to a remarkably enhanced effect in lowering blood glucose level with a relative pharmacological availability of 7.8%. Thus, the MOF-nanoparticle-incorporated microsphere may provide a new strategy for effective oral protein delivery.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Biodegradable Plastics/chemistry
- Caco-2 Cells
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Drug Carriers/administration & dosage
- Drug Carriers/chemistry
- Drug Liberation
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage
- Hypoglycemic Agents/chemistry
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Insulin, Regular, Pork/administration & dosage
- Insulin, Regular, Pork/chemistry
- Insulin, Regular, Pork/pharmacokinetics
- Insulin, Regular, Pork/therapeutic use
- Male
- Metal-Organic Frameworks/administration & dosage
- Metal-Organic Frameworks/chemistry
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Microspheres
- Nanocomposites/administration & dosage
- Nanocomposites/chemistry
- Nanoparticles/administration & dosage
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Polyesters/administration & dosage
- Polyesters/chemistry
- Polyethylene Glycols/administration & dosage
- Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry
- Rats, Wistar
- Swine
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Liang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yue Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Shuangjiang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Chaoliang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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179
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Mandsberg NK, Christfort JF, Kamguyan K, Boisen A, Srivastava SK. Orally ingestible medical devices for gut engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 165-166:142-154. [PMID: 32416112 PMCID: PMC7255201 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Orally ingestible medical devices provide significant advancement for diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) tract-related conditions. From micro- to macroscale devices, with designs ranging from very simple to complex, these medical devices can be used for site-directed drug delivery in the GI tract, real-time imaging and sensing of gut biomarkers. Equipped with uni-direction release, or self-propulsion, or origami design, these microdevices are breaking the barriers associated with drug delivery, including biologics, across the GI tract. Further, on-board microelectronics allow imaging and sensing of gut tissue and biomarkers, providing a more comprehensive understanding of underlying pathophysiological conditions. We provide an overview of recent advances in orally ingestible medical devices towards drug delivery, imaging and sensing. Challenges associated with gut microenvironment, together with various activation/actuation modalities of medical devices for micromanipulation of the gut are discussed. We have critically examined the relationship between materials–device design–pharmacological responses with respect to existing regulatory guidelines and provided a clear roadmap for the future.
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180
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Tatara AM. Role of Tissue Engineering in COVID-19 and Future Viral Outbreaks. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:468-474. [PMID: 32272857 PMCID: PMC7249458 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In light of the current novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, as well as other viral outbreaks in the 21st century, there is a dire need for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to combat infectious diseases worldwide. As a convergence science, tissue engineering has traditionally focused on the application of engineering principles to biological systems, collaboration across disciplines, and rapid translation of technologies from the benchtop to the bedside. Given these strengths, tissue engineers are particularly well suited to apply their skill set to the current crisis and viral outbreaks in general. This work introduces the basics of virology and epidemiology for tissue engineers, and highlights important developments in the field of tissue engineering relevant to the current pandemic, including in vitro model systems, vaccine technology, and small-molecule drug delivery. COVID-19 serves as a call to arms for scientists across all disciplines, and tissue engineers are well trained to be leaders and contributors in this time of need. Impact statement Given the steep mortality caused by the recent novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, there is clear need for advances in diagnostics and therapeutics for viral outbreaks. Tissue engineering has the potential for critical impact on clinical outcomes in viral outbreaks. Tissue engineers, if mobilized, could play key roles as leaders in the outbreak, given their ability to apply engineering principles to biological processes, experience in collaborative environments, and penchant for technological translation from benchtop to bedside. In this work, three areas pioneered by tissue engineers that could be applied to the current COVID-19 crisis and future viral outbreaks are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Tatara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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181
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Beardslee LA, Banis GE, Chu S, Liu S, Chapin AA, Stine JM, Pasricha PJ, Ghodssi R. Ingestible Sensors and Sensing Systems for Minimally Invasive Diagnosis and Monitoring: The Next Frontier in Minimally Invasive Screening. ACS Sens 2020; 5:891-910. [PMID: 32157868 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ingestible electronic systems that are capable of embedded sensing, particularly within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and its accessory organs, have the potential to screen for diseases that are difficult if not impossible to detect at an early stage using other means. Furthermore, these devices have the potential to (1) reduce labor and facility costs for a variety of procedures, (2) promote research for discovering new biomarker targets for associated pathologies, (3) promote the development of autonomous or semiautonomous diagnostic aids for consumers, and (4) provide a foundation for epithelially targeted therapeutic interventions. These technological advances have the potential to make disease surveillance and treatment far more effective for a variety of conditions, allowing patients to lead longer and more productive lives. This review will examine the conventional techniques, as well as ingestible sensors and sensing systems that are currently under development for use in disease screening and diagnosis for GI disorders. Design considerations, fabrication, and applications will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A. Beardslee
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - George E. Banis
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Sangwook Chu
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Sanwei Liu
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Ashley A. Chapin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Justin M. Stine
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Pankaj Jay Pasricha
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Reza Ghodssi
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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182
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Juère E, Caillard R, Marko D, Del Favero G, Kleitz F. Smart Protein-Based Formulation of Dendritic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Toward Oral Delivery of Insulin. Chemistry 2020; 26:5195-5199. [PMID: 32057143 PMCID: PMC7217061 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Oral insulin administration still represents a paramount quest that almost a century of continuous research attempts did not suffice to fulfill. Before pre-clinical development, oral insulin products have first to be optimized in terms of encapsulation efficiency, protection against proteolysis, and intestinal permeation ability. With the use of dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) as an insulin host and together with a protein-based excipient, succinylated β-lactoglobulin (BL), pH-responsive tablets permitted the shielding of insulin from early release/degradation in the stomach and mediated insulin permeation across the intestinal cellular membrane. Following an original in vitro cellular assay based on insulin starvation, direct cellular fluorescent visualization has evidenced how DMSNs could ensure the intestinal cellular transport of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Juère
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry—Functional MaterialsFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Romain Caillard
- Aventus Innovations4820 rue de la Pascaline, Suite 230G6W 0L9Levis (QC)Canada
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and ToxicologyFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 38–401090ViennaAustria
| | - Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food Chemistry and ToxicologyFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 38–401090ViennaAustria
| | - Freddy Kleitz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry—Functional MaterialsFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
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183
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Christfort JF, Guillot AJ, Melero A, Thamdrup LHE, Garrigues TM, Boisen A, Zór K, Nielsen LH. Cubic Microcontainers Improve In Situ Colonic Mucoadhesion and Absorption of Amoxicillin in Rats. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E355. [PMID: 32295139 PMCID: PMC7238233 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An increased interest in colonic drug delivery has led to a higher focus on the design of delivery devices targeting this part of the gastrointestinal tract. Microcontainers have previously facilitated an increase in oral bioavailability of drugs. The surface texture and shape of microcontainers have proven to influence the mucoadhesion ex vivo. In the present work, these findings were further investigated using an in situ closed-loop perfusion technique in the rat colon, which allowed for simultaneous evaluation of mucoadhesion of the microcontainers as well as drug absorption. Cylindrical, triangular and cubic microcontainers, with the same exterior surface area, were evaluated based on in vitro release, in situ mucoadhesion and in situ absorption of amoxicillin. Additionally, the mucoadhesion of empty cylindrical microcontainers with and without pillars on the top surface was investigated. From the microscopy analysis of the colon sections after the in situ study, it was evident that a significantly higher percentage of cubic microcontainers than cylindrical microcontainers adhered to the intestinal mucus. Furthermore, the absorption rate constants and blood samples indicated that amoxicillin in cubic microcontainers was absorbed more readily than when cylindrical or triangular microcontainers were dosed. This could be due to a higher degree of mucoadhesion for these particular microcontainers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Fjelrad Christfort
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (L.H.E.T.); (A.B.); (K.Z.); (L.H.N.)
| | - Antonio José Guillot
- Department de Farmàcia I Tecnología Farmacèutica, Avda. Vincent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain; (A.J.G.); (T.M.G.)
| | - Ana Melero
- Department de Farmàcia I Tecnología Farmacèutica, Avda. Vincent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain; (A.J.G.); (T.M.G.)
| | - Lasse Højlund Eklund Thamdrup
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (L.H.E.T.); (A.B.); (K.Z.); (L.H.N.)
| | - Teresa M. Garrigues
- Department de Farmàcia I Tecnología Farmacèutica, Avda. Vincent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain; (A.J.G.); (T.M.G.)
| | - Anja Boisen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (L.H.E.T.); (A.B.); (K.Z.); (L.H.N.)
| | - Kinga Zór
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (L.H.E.T.); (A.B.); (K.Z.); (L.H.N.)
| | - Line Hagner Nielsen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (L.H.E.T.); (A.B.); (K.Z.); (L.H.N.)
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184
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Shao J, Li KHH, Son A, Chua B. A self-powered insulin patch pump with a superabsorbent polymer as a biodegradable battery substitute. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:4210-4220. [PMID: 32285906 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00385a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly popular insulin patch pumps have in-built non-removable batteries. These batteries are routinely disposed of together with the used pumps as medical waste and end up in landfills. This is an environmental contamination conundrum by design. To address this issue, we proposed a self-powered patch pump that uses a biodegradable superabsorbent polymer (SAP) instead of a battery as a power source to drive the infusion. Continuous infusion rates from 6.1 μL min-1 to 49.1 μL min-1 were achieved. Together with valve throttling, basal and bolus infusion rates of ∼10 μL h-1 (1 U h-1) and 100 μL (10 U) in ∼11 min could also be implemented for glycemic control. The generated pressure at ∼0.7 psi is also adequate for infusion as it exceeded an adult's maximum peripheral venous pressure of 0.6 psi. Given the current number of patch pump users, the proposed design could prevent ∼100 000 used batteries from entering the medical waste stream and landfill daily. Most importantly, this work highlights the possibility of addressing environmental contamination without compromising on healthcare standards by using SAP as an alternative means of energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Shao
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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185
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Ferber S, Gonzalez RJ, Cryer AM, von Andrian UH, Artzi N. Immunology-Guided Biomaterial Design for Mucosal Cancer Vaccines. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1903847. [PMID: 31833592 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer of mucosal tissues is a major cause of worldwide mortality for which only palliative treatments are available for patients with late-stage disease. Engineered cancer vaccines offer a promising approach for inducing antitumor immunity. The route of vaccination plays a major role in dictating the migratory pattern of lymphocytes, and thus vaccine efficacy in mucosal tissues. Parenteral immunization, specifically subcutaneous and intramuscular, is the most common vaccination route. However, this induces marginal mucosal protection in the absence of tissue-specific imprinting signals. To circumvent this, the mucosal route can be utilized, however degradative mucosal barriers must be overcome. Hence, vaccine administration route and selection of materials able to surmount transport barriers are important considerations in mucosal cancer vaccine design. Here, an overview of mucosal immunity in the context of cancer and mucosal cancer clinical trials is provided. Key considerations are described regarding the design of biomaterial-based vaccines that will afford antitumor immune protection at mucosal surfaces, despite limited knowledge surrounding mucosal vaccination, particularly aided by biomaterials and mechanistic immune-material interactions. Finally, an outlook is given of how future biomaterial-based mucosal cancer vaccines will be shaped by new discoveries in mucosal vaccinology, tumor immunology, immuno-therapeutic screens, and material-immune system interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Ferber
- Department of Medicine, Engineering in Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Rodrigo J Gonzalez
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexander M Cryer
- Department of Medicine, Engineering in Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Department of Medicine, Engineering in Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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186
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Lee S, Kim J, Kim J, Hoshiar AK, Park J, Lee S, Kim J, Pané S, Nelson BJ, Choi H. A Needle-Type Microrobot for Targeted Drug Delivery by Affixing to a Microtissue. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901697. [PMID: 32129011 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A needle-type microrobot (MR) for targeted drug delivery is developed to stably deliver drugs to a target microtissue (MT) for a given period time without the need for an external force after affixing. The MRs are fabricatedby 3D laser lithography and nickel (Ni)/titanium oxide (TiO2 ) layers are coated by physical vapor deposition. The translational velocity of the MR is 714 µm s-1 at 20 mT and affixed to the target MT under the control of a rotating magnetic field. The manipulability of the MR is shown by using both manual and automatic controls. Finally, drug release from the paclitaxel-loaded MR is characterized to determine the efficiency of targeted drug delivery. This study demonstrates the utility of the proposed needle-type MR for targeted drug delivery to MT with various flow rates in vitro physiological fluidic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Lee
- Department of Robotics EngineeringDGIST‐ETH Microrobot Research CenterDaegu‐Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno jungang‐daero, Hyeonpung‐eup, Dalseong‐Gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin‐young Kim
- Department of Robotics EngineeringDGIST‐ETH Microrobot Research CenterDaegu‐Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno jungang‐daero, Hyeonpung‐eup, Dalseong‐Gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Kim
- Department of Robotics EngineeringDGIST‐ETH Microrobot Research CenterDaegu‐Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno jungang‐daero, Hyeonpung‐eup, Dalseong‐Gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Kafash Hoshiar
- School of Computer Science and Electronic EngineeringUniversity of Essex Colchester CO4 3SQ UK
| | - Jongeon Park
- Department of Robotics EngineeringDGIST‐ETH Microrobot Research CenterDaegu‐Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno jungang‐daero, Hyeonpung‐eup, Dalseong‐Gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Sunkey Lee
- Department of Robotics EngineeringDGIST‐ETH Microrobot Research CenterDaegu‐Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno jungang‐daero, Hyeonpung‐eup, Dalseong‐Gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyun Kim
- School of Mechanical EngineeringSungkyunkwan University 2066 Seobu‐ro, Jangan‐gu Suwon‐si Gyeonggi‐do 16419 South Korea
| | - Salvador Pané
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich Zurich CH‐8092 Switzerland
| | - Bradley J. Nelson
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich Zurich CH‐8092 Switzerland
| | - Hongsoo Choi
- Department of Robotics EngineeringDGIST‐ETH Microrobot Research CenterDaegu‐Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno jungang‐daero, Hyeonpung‐eup, Dalseong‐Gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
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187
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Stuettgen V, Brayden DJ. Investigations of Piperazine Derivatives as Intestinal Permeation Enhancers in Isolated Rat Intestinal Tissue Mucosae. AAPS JOURNAL 2020; 22:33. [PMID: 31989362 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-0416-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A limiting factor for oral delivery of macromolecules is low intestinal epithelial permeability. 1-Phenylpiperazine (PPZ), 1-(4-methylphenyl) piperazine (1-4-MPPZ) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpiperazine (1-M-4-PPZ) have emerged as potential permeation enhancers (PEs) from a screen carried out by others in Caco-2 monolayers. Here, their efficacy, mechanism of action and potential for epithelial toxicity were further examined in Caco-2 cells and isolated rat intestinal mucosae. Using high-content analysis, PPZ and 1-4-MPPZ decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased plasma membrane potential in Caco-2 cells to a greater extent than 1-M-4-PPZ. The Papp of the paracellular marker, [14C]-mannitol, and of the peptide, [3H]-octreotide, was measured across rat colonic mucosae following apical addition of the three piperazines. PPZ and 1-4-MPPZ induced a concentration-dependent decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and an increase in the Papp of [14C]-mannitol without causing histological damage. 1-M-4-PPZ was without effect. The piperazines caused the Krebs-Henseleit buffer pH to become alkaline, which partially attenuated the increase in Papp of [14C]-mannitol caused by PPZ and 1-4-MPPZ. Only addition of 1-4-MPPZ increased the Papp of [3H]-octreotide. Pre-incubation of mucosae with two 5-HT4 receptor antagonists, a loop diuretic and a myosin light chain kinase inhibitor, reduced the permeation enhancement capacity of PPZ and 1-4-MPP for [14C]-mannitol. 1-4-MPPZ holds most promise as a PE, but intestinal physiology may also be impacted due to multiple mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Stuettgen
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - D J Brayden
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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188
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189
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Perivascular Lymphocyte Clusters Induced by Gastric Subserous Layer Vaccination Mediate Optimal Immunity against Helicobacter through Facilitating Immune Cell Infiltration and Local Antibody Response. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:1480281. [PMID: 32411786 PMCID: PMC7201474 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1480281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In situ vaccination-induced local inflammatory response resulted in the establishment of a pool of tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells and new vessels after the resolution of inflammation. TRM cells have received increasing attention; however, the role of new vessels in protective response is still unknown. Materials and Methods We performed the laparotomy to access the stomach and injected alum-based vaccine into the gastric subserous layer (GSL). At 28 days post vaccination, a parabiosis mouse model along with depletion of anti-CD90.2 antibody was employed to explore the function of perivascular lymphocyte clusters in recall responses. The composition of the gastric lymphocyte clusters was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. Antibody responses were detected using ELISA. Gastric lymphocytes were analyzed using flow cytometry. Results GSL vaccination induced the formation of new vessels in the inflamed region. These new vessels were different from native vessels in that they were generally accompanied by perivascular lymphocyte clusters that mainly consisted of CD90-expressing cells. Additionally, histological analysis revealed the presence of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the perivascular lymphocyte clusters. Administration of a dose of an anti-CD90.2 antibody to GSL-vaccinated mice resolved these clusters. The efficacy of protection was compared in the parabiosis mice. Upon challenge, the presence of perivascular lymphocyte clusters was responsible for the fast recall response, as depletion of these clusters by CD90.2 antibody administration resulted in decreased expressions of VCAM-1, Madcam-1, and TNF-α, as well as lower recruitment of proinflammatory immune cells, decreased antibody levels, and poor protection. Conclusions Our research demonstrates that in situ vaccination-induced regional inflammatory response contributes to optimal recall response not only by establishing a CD4+ TRM pool but also by creating an “expressway,” i.e., perivascular lymphocyte cluster.
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190
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Eleftheriadis GK, Katsiotis CS, Bouropoulos N, Koutsopoulos S, Fatouros DG. FDM-printed pH-responsive capsules for the oral delivery of a model macromolecular dye. Pharm Dev Technol 2020; 25:517-523. [PMID: 31903821 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1711396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To this day, the oral delivery of biomacromolecules remains a major developmentally-oriented challenge. A combinatorial approach was followed at this study, to formulate an efficient carrier for the in vitro delivery of a model macromolecule, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa (FD4). The model macromolecule was formulated in a self-assembling peptide hydrogel (ac-(RADA)4-CONH2), prior to deposition in a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-phthalate (HPMCP)-based 3D-printed capsule. Loading of FD4 was investigated for potential alterations on the structural (AFM) and gelling properties of the peptide carrier. Thermal analysis and morphological properties of the 3D-printed capsules were assessed by TGA, DSC and microscopy studies. For the peptide hydrogel, similar release profiles of FD4 were recorded in simulated gastric fluid pH 1.2 and phosphate buffer saline pH 7.4, indicating the need for a structural barrier, to protect the peptide carrier from the acidic environment of the stomach. The pH responsive character of the HPMCP-based capsule was evidenced in the release profiles of FD4 in a sequence of release media, i.e. simulated gastric fluid pH 1.2, simulated intestinal fluid pH 6.8 and phosphate buffer saline pH 7.4. The results supported the combinatorial formulation approach as a promising system for the efficient oral delivery of biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios K Eleftheriadis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos S Katsiotis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Bouropoulos
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, Patras, Greece
| | - Sotirios Koutsopoulos
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dimitrios G Fatouros
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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191
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In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Evaluation of Microcontainers for Oral Delivery of Insulin. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12010048. [PMID: 31936066 PMCID: PMC7023435 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancing the oral bioavailability of peptides has received a lot of attention for decades but remains challenging, partly due to low intestinal membrane permeability. Combining a permeation enhancer (PE) with unidirectionally releasing microcontainers (MCs) has previously been shown to increase insulin permeation across Caco-2 cell monolayers. In the present work, this setup was further employed to compare three common PEs—sodium caprate (C10), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and lauroyl carnitine. The concept was also studied using porcine intestinal tissue with the inclusion of 70 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD70) as a pathogen marker. Moreover, a combined proteolysis and Caco-2 cell permeation setup was developed to investigate the effect of soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) in the MCs. Lastly, in vivo performance of the MCs was tested in an oral gavage study in rats by monitoring blood glucose and insulin absorption. SDS proved to be the most potent PE without increasing the ex vivo uptake of FD70, while the implementation of STI further improved insulin permeation in the combined proteolysis Caco-2 cell setup. However, no insulin absorption in rats was observed upon oral gavage of MCs loaded with insulin, PE and STI. Post-mortem microscopic examination of their gastrointestinal tract indicated lack of intestinal retention and optimal orientation by the MCs, possibly precluding the potential advantage of unidirectional release.
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192
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Yang W, Gadgil P, Krishnamurthy VR, Landis M, Mallick P, Patel D, Patel PJ, Reid DL, Sanchez-Felix M. The Evolving Druggability and Developability Space: Chemically Modified New Modalities and Emerging Small Molecules. AAPS JOURNAL 2020; 22:21. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-019-0402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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193
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Costa C, Liu Z, Martins JP, Correia A, Figueiredo P, Rahikkala A, Li W, Seitsonen J, Ruokolainen J, Hirvonen SP, Aguiar-Ricardo A, Corvo ML, Santos HA. All-in-one microfluidic assembly of insulin-loaded pH-responsive nano-in-microparticles for oral insulin delivery. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:3270-3277. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00743a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Here, a continuous two-step glass-capillary microfluidic technique to produce a multistage oral insulin delivery system is reported. This system represents a promising alternative for the common protein/peptide-loaded liposome formulations.
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194
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Abstract
This is an overview of the current drug delivery systems (DDSs) starting with various routes of drug administration. Various drug formulations are then described as well as devices used for drug delivery and targeted drug delivery. There has been a considerable increase in the number of new biotechnology-based therapeutics. Most of these are proteins and peptides, and their delivery present special challenges. Cell and gene therapies are sophisticated methods of delivery of therapeutics. Nanoparticles are important for refining drug delivery. In addition to being vehicles for drug delivery, nanoparticles can be used as pharmaceuticals as well as diagnostics. Most of the advances in targeted drug delivery have occurred in therapy of cancer. Drug delivery to the brain across the blood-brain barrier presents many challenges. Refinements in drug delivery will facilitate the development of personalized medicine. The ideal DDS is defined. Commercial aspects, challenges, and future of DDSs are discussed.
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195
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Micro and nanoscale technologies in oral drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 157:37-62. [PMID: 32707147 PMCID: PMC7374157 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration is a pillar of the pharmaceutical industry and yet it remains challenging to administer hydrophilic therapeutics by the oral route. Smart and controlled oral drug delivery could bypass the physiological barriers that limit the oral delivery of these therapeutics. Micro- and nanoscale technologies, with an unprecedented ability to create, control, and measure micro- or nanoenvironments, have found tremendous applications in biology and medicine. In particular, significant advances have been made in using these technologies for oral drug delivery. In this review, we briefly describe biological barriers to oral drug delivery and micro and nanoscale fabrication technologies. Micro and nanoscale drug carriers fabricated using these technologies, including bioadhesives, microparticles, micropatches, and nanoparticles, are described. Other applications of micro and nanoscale technologies are discussed, including fabrication of devices and tissue engineering models to precisely control or assess oral drug delivery in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Strategies to advance translation of micro and nanotechnologies into clinical trials for oral drug delivery are mentioned. Finally, challenges and future prospects on further integration of micro and nanoscale technologies with oral drug delivery systems are highlighted.
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196
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Zuberi Z, Sauli E, Cun L, Deng J, Li WJ, He XL, Li W. Insulin-delivery methods for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2020; 11:2042018820906016. [PMID: 32944212 PMCID: PMC7466897 DOI: 10.1177/2042018820906016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts directed toward restoring normal metabolic levels by mimicking the physiological insulin secretion, thereby ensuring safety, efficacy, minimal invasiveness and conveniences, are of great significance in the management of type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents. Regardless of the various technologies being discovered in addressing invasiveness and enhancing medication adherence in the management of type 1 diabetes, yet limited success had been observed among children and adolescents. The multiple daily subcutaneous insulin injections route using vial and syringe, and occasionally insulin pens, remain the most predictable route for insulin administration among children and adolescents. However, this route has been associated with compromised patient compliance, fear of injections and unacceptability, resulting in poor glycemic control, which promote the demand for alternative routes of insulin administration. Alternative routes for delivering insulin are being investigated in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes; these include the hybrid closed-loop 'artificial pancreas' system, oral, inhalation, intranasal routes, and others. This review article explores the current advances in insulin-delivery methods that address the needs of children and adolescents in the treatment of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zavuga Zuberi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Hunan, PR China
- Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Elingarami Sauli
- Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Liu Cun
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jing Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- Zhuzhou City People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical College, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xu-Liang He
- Zhuzhou City People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical College, Hunan, PR China
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197
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Abstract
Protein and peptide therapeutics require parenteral administration, which can be a deterrent to medication adherence. For this reason, there have been extensive efforts to develop alternative delivery strategies, particularly for peptides such as insulin that are used to treat endocrine disorders. Oral delivery is especially desirable, but it faces substantial barriers related to the structural organization and physiological function of the gastrointestinal tract. This article highlights strategies designed to overcome these barriers, including permeation enhancers, inhibitors of gut enzymes, and mucus-penetrating and cell-penetrating peptides. It then focuses on the experience with oral peptides that have reached clinical trials, including insulin, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and vasopressin, with an emphasis on the advances that have recently led to the landmark approval of an oral formulation of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist semaglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Drucker
- Department of Medicine and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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198
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Lamprou DA, Singh TR, Larrañeta E, Donnelly RF. How innovative drug delivery devices can help realize clinical utility of new effective therapies. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:1277-1281. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1689956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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199
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Lee MA, Duarte CM, Eguíluz VM, Heller DA, Langer R, Meekan MG, Sikes HD, Srivastava M, Strano MS, Wilson RP. Can Fish and Cell Phones Teach Us about Our Health? ACS Sens 2019; 4:2566-2570. [PMID: 31576740 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biologging is a scientific endeavor that studies the environment and animals within it by outfitting the latter with sensors of their dynamics as they roam freely in their natural habitats. As wearable technologies advance for the monitoring of human health, it may be instructive to reflect on the successes and failures of biologging in field biology over the past few decades. Several lessons may be of value. Physiological sensors can "encode" for a wider number of states than the one explicitly targeted, although the limits of this are debatable. The combination of orthogonal sensors turns out to be critical to delivering a high value data set. Sensor fusion and engineering for longevity are also important for success. This Perspective highlights successful strategies for biologging that hold promise for human health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Carlos M. Duarte
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Red Sea Research Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Víctor M. Eguíluz
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (CSIC-UIB), E07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Daniel A. Heller
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mark G. Meekan
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Hadley D. Sikes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mani Srivastava
- Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael S. Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rory P. Wilson
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
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200
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Hu X, Yang G, Chen S, Luo S, Zhang J. Biomimetic and bioinspired strategies for oral drug delivery. Biomater Sci 2019; 8:1020-1044. [PMID: 31621709 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01378d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oral drug delivery remains the most preferred approach due to its multiple advantages. Recently there has been increasing interest in the development of advanced vehicles for oral delivery of different therapeutics. Among them, biomimetic and bioinspired strategies are emerging as novel approaches that are promising for addressing biological barriers encountered by traditional drug delivery systems. Herein we provide a state-of-the-art review on the current progress of biomimetic particulate oral delivery systems. Different biomimetic nanoparticles used for oral drug delivery are first discussed, mainly including ligand/antibody-functionalized nanoparticles, transporter-mediated nanoplatforms, and nanoscale extracellular vesicles. Then we describe bacteria-derived biomimetic systems, with respect to oral delivery of therapeutic proteins or antigens. Subsequently, yeast-derived oral delivery systems, based on either chemical engineering or bioengineering approaches are discussed, with emphasis on the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer as well as oral vaccination. Finally, bioengineered plant cells are introduced for oral delivery of biological agents. A future perspective is also provided to highlight the existing challenges and possible resolution toward clinical translation of currently developed biomimetic oral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Guoyu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China. and The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Suxin Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jianxiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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