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Huang HY, Wang CC, Katz AJ, Lin SY, Lin FJ, Wu CH. Ticagrelor vs Clopidogrel in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients With a History of Ischemic Stroke. Mayo Clin Proc 2023; 98:1602-1612. [PMID: 37923519 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether use of ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel is associated with different risks for thrombotic events or major bleeding among acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with a prior history of acute ischemic stroke. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study used the Health and Welfare Database in Taiwan. Stroke patients prescribed ticagrelor plus aspirin or clopidogrel plus aspirin after a primary hospitalization for AMI between July 1, 2013, and December 31, 2018, were included. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was applied to balance covariates between treatment groups. The primary effectiveness outcome included a composite measure of AMI, acute ischemic stroke, or all-cause mortality. The primary safety outcome included a composite measure of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and major gastrointestinal bleeding. The secondary effectiveness and safety outcomes comprised each of the individual components that make up the primary effectiveness and safety outcomes, respectively. RESULTS A total of 1691 eligible patients were included in the study, of whom 734 (43.4%) received ticagrelor plus aspirin and 957 received clopidogrel plus aspirin. There were no significant differences observed in the primary and secondary effectiveness outcomes between the two study groups. However, the use of ticagrelor was associated with a higher risk of ICH (ticagrelor: 8.68 per 1000 person-year; clopidogrel: 2.17 per 1,000 person-year; HR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.27 to 8.81, P = .01) compared with clopidogrel. CONCLUSION In AMI patients with a history of acute ischemic stroke, the risks of cardiovascular events were comparable between ticagrelor plus aspirin and clopidogrel plus aspirin. However, ticagrelor was associated with a higher risk of ICH. Ticagrelor should be used cautiously in AMI patients with a history of acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Aaron J Katz
- Department of Population Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Shin-Yi Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ju Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsuen Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hong JB, Lange KS, Fitzek M, Overeem LH, Triller P, Siebert A, Reuter U, Raffaelli B. Impact of a reimbursement policy change on treatment with erenumab in migraine - a real-world experience from Germany. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:144. [PMID: 37899428 PMCID: PMC10614330 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01682-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) pathway are safe and effective treatments for migraine prevention. However, the high cost of these novel therapies has led to reimbursement policies requiring patients to try multiple traditional preventives before access. In Germany, a recent change in insurance policy significantly expanded coverage for the CGRP receptor mAb erenumab, enabling migraine patients who failed just one prior prophylactic medication to receive this mAb. Here, we compare the clinical response to treatment with erenumab in migraine patients treated using the old and new coverage policy. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we included CGRP-mAb naïve patients with episodic or chronic migraine, who started erenumab at our headache center according to either the old or the new insurance policy and received at least 3 consecutive injections. Headache diaries and electronic documentation were used to evaluate reductions in monthly headache and migraine days (MHD and MMD) and ≥ 50% and ≥ 30% responder rates at month 3 (weeks 9-12) of treatment. RESULTS We included 146 patients who received erenumab according to the old policy and 63 patients that were treated using the new policy. At weeks 9-12 of treatment, 37.7% of the old policy group had a 50% or greater reduction in MHD, compared to 63.5% of the new policy group (P < 0.001). Mean reduction in MHD was 5.02 days (SD = 5.46) and 6.67 days (SD = 5.32, P = 0.045) in the old and new policy cohort, respectively. After propensity score matching, the marginal effect of the new policy on treatment outcome was 2.29 days (standard error, SE: 0.715, P = 0.001) more reduction in MHD, and 30.1% (SE: 10.6%, P = 0.005) increase in ≥ 50% response rate for MHD. CONCLUSIONS Starting erenumab earlier in the course of migraine progression in a real-world setting may lead to a better response than starting after multiple failed prophylactic attempts. Continually gathering real-world evidence may help policymakers in deciding how readily to cover CGRP-targeted therapies in migraine prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja Bin Hong
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Mira Fitzek
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Paul Triller
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Siebert
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Reuter
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bianca Raffaelli
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité, Berlin, Germany.
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153
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Hyun DG, Ahn JH, Huh JW, Hong SB, Koh Y, Oh DK, Lee SY, Park MH, Lee H, Lim CM. Impact of a cumulative positive fluid balance during the first three ICU days in patients with sepsis: a propensity score-matched cohort study. Ann Intensive Care 2023; 13:105. [PMID: 37853234 PMCID: PMC10584773 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-023-01178-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal strategy for fluid management during the first few days of ICU in sepsis patients remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the impact of cumulative fluid balance during the first three days of ICU on the mortality of patients with sepsis. METHODS This study analyzed prospectively collected data from the Korean Sepsis Alliance Database, which registered 11,981 sepsis patients from 20 hospitals. We selected three propensity score-matched cohorts consisting of patients with a negative or positive cumulative fluid balance during the first three ICU days: from ICU admission to the first midnight as the D1 cohort, until the second midnight as the D2 cohort, and until the third midnight as the D3 cohort. The propensity score for fluid balance was calculated using covariates including the amount of fluid output during the first three ICU days. The primary outcome was mortality at day 28 in the ICU. RESULTS From a total of 11,981 patients, 2516 patients were included for propensity score matching. After matching in a 1:1 ratio, there were 483, 373, and 392 matched pairs of patients assigned to the D1, D2, and D3 cohorts, respectively. In the D1 cohort, there were no significant differences in mortality at day 28 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85-1.60; P = 0.354) between the two groups. The positive fluid groups in both the D2 (HR, 2.13; 95% CI 1.48-3.06; P < 0.001) and D3 (HR, 1.56; 95% CI 1.10-2.22; P = 0.012) cohorts had significantly higher mortality rates than the negative fluid groups. CONCLUSIONS In patients with sepsis, a positive fluid balance on the first ICU day was not associated with mortality at day 28. In contrast, cumulative positive fluid balances on the second and third ICU days were associated with higher mortality at day 28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gon Hyun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hwan Ahn
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Huh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bum Hong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Younsuck Koh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kyu Oh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Yeon Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyeon Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Haein Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Man Lim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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154
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Pegram C, Diaz-Ordaz K, Brodbelt DC, Chang YM, Tayler S, Allerton F, Prisk L, Church DB, O’Neill DG. Target trial emulation: Do antimicrobials or gastrointestinal nutraceuticals prescribed at first presentation for acute diarrhoea cause a better clinical outcome in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291057. [PMID: 37792702 PMCID: PMC10550114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Target trial emulation applies design principles from randomised controlled trials to the analysis of observational data for causal inference and is increasingly used within human epidemiology. Veterinary electronic clinical records represent a potentially valuable source of information to estimate real-world causal effects for companion animal species. This study employed the target trial framework to evaluate the usefulness on veterinary observational data. Acute diarrhoea in dogs was used as a clinical exemplar. Inclusion required dogs aged ≥ 3 months and < 10 years, presenting for veterinary primary care with acute diarrhoea during 2019. Treatment strategies were: 1. antimicrobial prescription compared to no antimicrobial prescription and 2. gastrointestinal nutraceutical prescription compared to no gastrointestinal nutraceutical prescription. The primary outcome was clinical resolution (defined as no revisit with ongoing diarrhoea within 30 days from the date of first presentation). Informed from a directed acyclic graph, data on the following covariates were collected: age, breed, bodyweight, insurance status, comorbidities, vomiting, reduced appetite, haematochezia, pyrexia, duration, additional treatment prescription and veterinary group. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to balance covariates between the treatment groups for each of the two target trials. The risk difference (RD) of 0.4% (95% CI -4.5% to 5.3%) was non-significant for clinical resolution in dogs treated with antimicrobials compared with dogs not treated with antimicrobials. The risk difference (RD) of 0.3% (95% CI -4.5% to 5.0%) was non-significant for clinical resolution in dogs treated with gastrointestinal nutraceuticals compared with dogs not treated with gastrointestinal nutraceuticals. This study successfully applied the target trial framework to veterinary observational data. The findings show that antimicrobial or gastrointestinal prescription at first presentation of acute diarrhoea in dogs causes no difference in clinical resolution. The findings support the recommendation for veterinary professionals to limit antimicrobial use for acute diarrhoea in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Pegram
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom
| | - Karla Diaz-Ordaz
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dave C. Brodbelt
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Mei Chang
- Research Support Office, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Tayler
- Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom
| | - Fergus Allerton
- Willows Veterinary Centre & Referral Centre, Solihull, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren Prisk
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom
| | - David B. Church
- Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom
| | - Dan G. O’Neill
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom
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155
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Leung JM, Rojas JC, Tang C, Chan B, Lario-Lago A, Boxer AL, Do Q, Kramer JH, Du Z, Du P, Sands LP. Presence of Preoperative Neurodegeneration Biofluid Markers in Patients with Postoperative Delirium. Anesthesiology 2023; 139:432-443. [PMID: 37364279 PMCID: PMC10529495 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of delirium is incompletely understood, including what molecular pathways are involved in brain vulnerability to delirium. This study examined whether preoperative plasma neurodegeneration markers were elevated in patients who subsequently developed postoperative delirium through a retrospective case-control study. METHODS Inclusion criteria were patients of 65 yr of age or older, undergoing elective noncardiac surgery with a hospital stay of 2 days or more. Concentrations of preoperative plasma P-Tau181, neurofilament light chain, amyloid β1-42 (Aβ42), and glial fibrillary acidic protein were measured with a digital immunoassay platform. The primary outcome was postoperative delirium measured by the Confusion Assessment Method. The study included propensity score matching by age and sex with nearest neighbor, such that each patient in the delirium group was matched by age and sex with a patient in the no-delirium group. RESULTS The initial cohort consists of 189 patients with no delirium and 102 patients who developed postoperative delirium. Of 291 patients aged 72.5 ± 5.8 yr, 50.5% were women, and 102 (35%) developed postoperative delirium. The final cohort in the analysis consisted of a no-delirium group (n = 102) and a delirium group (n = 102) matched by age and sex using the propensity score method. Of the four biomarkers assayed, the median value for neurofilament light chain was 32.05 pg/ml for the delirium group versus 23.7 pg/ml in the no-delirium group. The distribution of biomarker values significantly differed between the delirium and no-delirium groups (P = 0.02 by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) with the largest cumulative probability difference appearing at the biomarker value of 32.05 pg/ml. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that patients who subsequently developed delirium are more likely to be experiencing clinically silent neurodegenerative changes before surgery, reflected by changes in plasma neurofilament light chain biomarker concentrations, which may identify individuals with a preoperative vulnerability to subsequent cognitive decline. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Leung
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Julio C Rojas
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Christopher Tang
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Brandon Chan
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Argentina Lario-Lago
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Quyen Do
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Zhiyuan Du
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Pang Du
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Laura P Sands
- Center for Gerontology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
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156
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Sánchez-Rico M, Edán-Sánchez A, Olfson M, Alvarado JM, Airagnes G, Rezaei K, Delcuze A, Peyre H, Limosin F, Hoertel N. Antipsychotic use and 28-day mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A multicenter observational retrospective study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 75:93-104. [PMID: 37713738 PMCID: PMC10272945 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Prior research has yielded conflicting results about the potential influence of antipsychotics in patients with COVID-19. In this multicenter retrospective study, we examined the association of antipsychotic use at admission with 28-day all-cause mortality in a sample of 59,021 adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from January 2020 to November 2021. In a 1:1 ratio matched analytic sample (N=1,454) accounting for age, sex, hospital, hospitalization period, the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, other psychotropic medications, medications prescribed according to compassionate use or as part of a clinical trial, current diagnoses of psychiatric disorders, and clinical and biological markers of COVID-19 severity, antipsychotic use was not associated with 28-day mortality [23.5% (N=727) versus 18.6% (N=727); OR=1.16; 95%CI=0.89-1.51; p=0.280]. This association remained non-significant in exploratory analyses across all classes of antipsychotics and individual molecules, except for typical antipsychotics and loxapine, which were significantly linked to increased 28-day mortality, associations likely due to residual indication bias. Contrariwise, antipsychotics prescribed at daily doses higher than 200 mg of chlorpromazine-equivalents might be associated with reduced 28-day mortality when compared to patients not taking antipsychotics in the matched analytic sample [10.4% (N=154) versus 18.6% (N=727); AOR=0.56; 95%CI=0.31-0.96; p=0.040]. These results suggest that antipsychotic use, when prescribed at usual doses, are not be associated with 28-day mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sánchez-Rico
- AP-HP, AP-HP Hôpital Corentin-Celton, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; Department of Psychobiology and Behavioural Sciences Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Edán-Sánchez
- AP-HP, AP-HP Hôpital Corentin-Celton, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; Department of Psychobiology and Behavioural Sciences Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark Olfson
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jesús M Alvarado
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioural Sciences Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillaume Airagnes
- AP-HP, AP-HP Hôpital Corentin-Celton, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Katayoun Rezaei
- AP-HP, AP-HP Hôpital Corentin-Celton, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
| | - Aude Delcuze
- CLINEA, Clinique Les Orchidées, Service de Psychiatrie, Andilly, France
| | | | - Frédéric Limosin
- AP-HP, AP-HP Hôpital Corentin-Celton, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Hoertel
- AP-HP, AP-HP Hôpital Corentin-Celton, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; INSERM UMR_1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience de Paris, F-75014 Paris, France
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157
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Stolz D, Hermansson E, Ouwens M, Singh B, Sharma A, Jackson D, Darken P, Marshall J, Bowen K, Müllerová H, Alcázar Navarrete B, Russell R, Han MK, Tansey-Dwyer D. Mortality risk reduction with budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate versus fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol in COPD: a matching-adjusted indirect comparison based on ETHOS and IMPACT. Curr Med Res Opin 2023; 39:1395-1405. [PMID: 37583267 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2247969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. While two approved fixed-dose inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)/long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) triple therapies reduce all-cause mortality (ACM) versus dual LAMA/LABA therapy in patients with COPD, head-to-head studies have not compared the effects of these therapies on ACM. We compared ACM in adults with moderate-to-very severe COPD receiving budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate (BGF) in ETHOS versus fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) in IMPACT using a matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC). METHODS A systematic literature review identified two studies (ETHOS [NCT02465567]; IMPACT [NCT02164513]) of ≥52 weeks reporting ACM as an efficacy endpoint in patients receiving triple therapy. As ETHOS and IMPACT lack a common comparator, an unanchored MAIC compared ACM between licensed doses of BGF (320/18/9.6 μg) from ETHOS and FF/UMEC/VI (100/62.5/25 μg) from IMPACT in patients with moderate-to-very severe COPD. Using on- and off-treatment data from the final retrieved datasets of the intention-to-treat populations, BGF data were adjusted according to aggregate FF/UMEC/VI data using 11 baseline covariates; a supplementary unadjusted indirect treatment comparison was also conducted. P-values for these post-hoc analyses are not adjusted for Type I error. RESULTS ACM over 52 weeks was statistically significantly reduced by 39% for BGF versus FF/UMEC/VI in the MAIC (hazard ratio [HR] [95% CI]: 0.61 [0.38, 0.95], p = 0.030) and unadjusted analysis (HR [95% CI]: 0.61 [0.41, 0.92], p = 0.019). CONCLUSION In this MAIC, which adjusted for population heterogeneity between ETHOS and IMPACT, ACM was significantly reduced with BGF versus FF/UMEC/VI in patients with moderate-to-very severe COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Stolz
- Clinic of Respiratory Medicine, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bernardino Alcázar Navarrete
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada, IBS-Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Richard Russell
- King's Centre for Lung Health, Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - MeiLan K Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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158
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Zhao R, Zhang J, Gao J. Blood flow on ultrasound imaging is a predictor of lump margin status in breast-conserving patients: a retrospective matching study. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:357. [PMID: 37730626 PMCID: PMC10510181 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the relationship between breast ultrasound features and lump margin status in breast-conserving patients. METHODS A single-institution database and medical records system were searched to identify patients who had undergone breast-conserving surgery between 2015 and 2022. Patients were divided into case and control groups based on their postoperative margin status, and different matching methods [case-control matching (CCM) and propensity score matching (PSM)] were used to match the cases and controls at a ratio of 1:1. RESULTS Before matching, patients with positive margins were more likely to have a tumor with increased blood flow (OR = 2.90, 95% CI 1.83-4.61, p < 0.001) and microcalcifications (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.44-3.42, p < 0.001). Among the 83 pairs of CCM subjects, patients with positive margins were prone to increased blood flow (p = 0.007) and crab sign (p = 0.040). In addition, there was a significant difference in blood flow (p = 0.030) among PSM subjects. After adjusting for the unbalanced factors, the same results were obtained. CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound blood flow significantly predicts the status of breast-conserving margins, but further studies are required to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhao
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jinnan Gao
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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159
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Wong LL, Landsittel DP, Kwee SA. Liver Transplantation vs Partial Hepatectomy for Stage T2 Multifocal Hepatocellular Carcinoma <3 cm Without Vascular Invasion: A Propensity Score-Matched Survival Analysis. J Am Coll Surg 2023; 237:568-577. [PMID: 37102575 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) differs biologically and immunologically from single-nodule HCC. Asian and European guidelines consider liver transplantation (LT) and partial hepatectomy (PH) as effective for T2 multifocal HCC, with preference toward LT, but few US studies compare these treatments directly. This propensity score-based observational study uses an established national cancer outcomes registry to compare overall survival in patients undergoing PH and LT for multifocal HCC. STUDY DESIGN Data from the 2020 National Cancer Database were obtained on patients who underwent LT or PH for multifocal stage 2 HCC within Milan criteria and without vascular invasion. Propensity score matching and Cox regression analysis was applied to evaluate overall survival in an observational cohort balanced by age, sex, treatment facility type, treatment year, prothrombin time, α-fetoprotein, comorbidity burden, liver fibrosis severity, and pretreatment creatinine and bilirubin levels. RESULTS Of 21,248 T2 HCC patients identified, 6,744 had multifocal tumors with largest tumor diameter <3 cm without major vascular invasion, with 1,267 and 181 having undergone LT and PH, respectively. Propensity score-matched Cox regression analysis associated LT with a hazard ratio of 0.39 (95% CI 0.30 to 0.50) relative to PH. Landmark analyses to account for a longer interval to LT demonstrated survival benefits of similar magnitude. CONCLUSIONS Although early-stage HCC can be effectively treated with either LT or PH, propensity score-matched analysis comparatively shows a survival benefit for LT in patients with multifocal HCC who are within the Milan criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda L Wong
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii, John A Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI (Wong)
- Translational Cancer Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (Wong, Kwee)
| | - Douglas P Landsittel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN (Landsittel)
| | - Sandi A Kwee
- Translational Cancer Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (Wong, Kwee)
- Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI (Kwee)
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160
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Hamersma DT, Schreuder K, Geleijnse G, Heeg E, Cellamare M, Lobbes MBI, Mureau MAM, Koppert LB, Skjerven H, Nygård JF, Groothuis-Oudshoorn CGM, Siesling S. Comparing quality of breast cancer care in the Netherlands and Norway by federated propensity score analytics. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 201:247-256. [PMID: 37355527 PMCID: PMC10361850 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to benchmark and compare breast cancer care quality indicators (QIs) between Norway and the Netherlands using federated analytics preventing transfer of patient-level data. METHODS Breast cancer patients (2017-2018) were retrieved from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Cancer Registry of Norway. Five European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists (EUSOMA) QIs were assessed: two on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), two on surgical approaches, and one on postoperative radiotherapy. The QI outcomes were calculated using 'Vantage 6' federated Propensity Score Stratification (PSS). Likelihood of receiving a treatment was expressed in odds ratios (OR). RESULTS In total, 39,163 patients were included (32,786 from the Netherlands and 6377 from Norway). PSS scores were comparable to the crude outcomes of the QIs. The Netherlands scored higher on the QI 'proportions of patients preoperatively examined with breast MRI' [37% vs.17.5%; OR 2.8 (95% CI 2.7-2.9)], the 'proportions of patients receiving primary systemic therapy examined with breast MRI' [83.3% vs. 70.8%; OR 2.3 (95% CI 1.3-3.3)], and 'proportion of patients receiving a single breast operation' [95.2% vs. 91.5%; OR 1.8 (95% CI 1.4-2.2)]. Country scores for 'immediate breast reconstruction' and 'postoperative radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery' were comparable. The EUSOMA standard was achieved in both countries for 4/5 indicators. CONCLUSION Both countries achieved high scores on the QIs. Differences were observed in the use of MRI and proportion of patients receiving single surgery. The federated approach supports future possibilities on benchmark QIs without transfer of privacy-sensitive data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave T Hamersma
- Faculty Science & Technology, Health Sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Kay Schreuder
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht/Eindhoven/Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs Geleijnse
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht/Eindhoven/Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Heeg
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht/Eindhoven/Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Cellamare
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht/Eindhoven/Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marc B I Lobbes
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A M Mureau
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linetta B Koppert
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helle Skjerven
- Section for Breast and Endocrine Surgery Department, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
- Department of Registry Informatics, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan F Nygård
- Department of Registry Informatics, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Machine Learning Group, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Sabine Siesling
- Faculty Science & Technology, Health Sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht/Eindhoven/Enschede, The Netherlands.
- Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Hallenweg 5, 7522 NH, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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161
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Patt DA, Patel AM, Bhardwaj A, Hudson KE, Christman A, Amondikar N, Escudier SM, Townsend S, Books H, Basch E. Impact of Remote Symptom Monitoring With Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes on Hospitalization, Survival, and Cost in Community Oncology Practice: The Texas Two-Step Study. JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2023; 7:e2300182. [PMID: 37897263 PMCID: PMC10642897 DOI: 10.1200/cci.23.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is raising interest to implement electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) for symptom monitoring to enhance the quality of cancer care. Step 1 of the Texas Two-Step Study demonstrated successful implementation of an ePRO system in >200 sites of service of a large community oncology practice. We now report step 2 of this study which evaluates the impact of ePROs on outcomes among patients enrolled in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' Oncology Care Model (OCM) program. METHODS This observational study focused on patients with metastatic cancer enrolled in OCM at large community oncology practice located in Texas between July 2020 and December 2020. Patients who completed ≥1 survey via the ePRO tool were included in the study group and were propensity score matched with patients in a control group. Adverse events (AEs; hospitalizations, emergency department visits, deaths) and total cost of care were a priori study outcomes. Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests compared continuous and categorical variables, respectively, with multivariable logistic regression for adjustment of covariates. RESULTS Of 831 patients with metastatic cancer, 458 matched patients (229/group) were identified, with 52% male and a mean age of 74 years. Mean total AEs were lower in the study group compared with control (0.98 v 1.41; P = .007), with decreased hospitalizations (20% v 32.5%; P = .002), emergency visits (38.4% v 42.3%; P > .05), and deaths (11.8% v 16.6%; P > .05). Average number of hospitalizations was lower (0.28 v 0.52; P = .003) with reduced mean duration of hospitalizations (1.9 vs 3.2 d; P = .03). The total cost of care was reduced by an average of $1,146 per member per month. CONCLUSION Symptom monitoring with ePROs improved quality and value of cancer care delivery by reducing hospitalizations, emergency visits, and deaths while lowering cost of care in a large oncology practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ethan Basch
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC
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Sun M, Chen WM, Wu SY, Zhang J. Long-Term Opioid Use and Dementia Risk in Patients With Chronic Pain. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023; 24:1420-1426.e2. [PMID: 37545051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between long-term opioid use and the risk of dementia in patients with chronic pain. DESIGN A head-to-head propensity score-matched (PSM) comparative cohort study was conducted to examine the effect of long-term opioid use on dementia risk. A time-varying Cox regression analysis was performed to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% CIs to identify independent predictors of dementia risk. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The study included 41,636 patients after PSM, with 20,968 in the opioid use group (≥180 defined daily doses per year) and 20,968 in the non-opioid use group. METHODS Multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to compare the dementia risk between the opioid use and non-opioid use groups. The incidence of dementia was calculated as the number of cases per 10,000 person-years for each group. Adjusted incidence ratios were determined to assess the dementia risk associated with opioid use. RESULTS The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the aHR for dementia risk in the opioid use group, compared with the non-opioid use group, was 1.86 (95% CI 1.25-2.09; P < .001). The incidence of dementia was higher among opioid users (44.09 per 10,000 person-years) compared with nonusers (38.85 per 10,000 person-years). The adjusted incidence ratio for dementia risk in the opioid use group, compared with the nonuse group, was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.07-1.21, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Long-term opioid use may be associated with an increased risk of dementia in patients with chronic pain. These findings highlight the need for cautious prescribing and monitoring of opioid use in this population, considering the potential long-term cognitive implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wan-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan; Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan; Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan; Division of Radiation Oncology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan; Centers for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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163
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Mohanty S, Sardar ZM, Hassan FM, Reyes J, Coury JR, Lombardi JM, Lehman RA, Lenke LG. High Cell Saver Autotransfusion is Associated With Perioperative Medical Complications in Adult Spinal Deformity Patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2023; 48:1234-1244. [PMID: 37280746 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A retrospective, propensity-matched observational study. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of cell saver (CS) homologous transfusion on perioperative medical complications in adult patients undergoing spinal deformity surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Despite many endorsing its use, many analyses still refute the efficacy of CS on decreasing total perioperative allogenic red blood cell transfusions, cost efficiency, and its effect on perioperative complications. METHODS Adult patients who underwent spinal deformity surgery at a single center between 2015 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient-specific, operative, radiographic, and 30-day complications/readmission data were collected for further analysis. Two methods were utilized to test our hypothesis: (1) absolute threshold model: two cohorts created among patients who received ≥550 mL of CS intraoperatively and those who received less; (2) adjusted ratio model: two cohorts created dependent on the ratio of CS to estimated blood loss (EBL). Propensity-score matching and various statistical tests were utilized to test the association between CS and perioperative medical complications. RESULTS Two hundred seventy-eight patients were included in this analysis with a mean age of 61.3±15.7yrs and 67.6% being female. Using the first method, 73 patients received ≥550 mL of CS, and 205 received less. Propensity-score matching resulted in 28 pairs of patients. 39.3% of patients with ≥550 mL CS required readmission within 30 days compared with 3.57% of patients in the <550 mL cohort ( P =0.016), despite a nearly identical proportion of patients requiring intraoperative blood transfusions ( P >0.9999). Using the second method, 155 patients had CS/EBL<0.33 and 123 with CS/EBL ≥0.33. 5.16% and 21.9% among patients with CS/EBL<0.33 and CS/EBL≥0.33, respectively, were readmitted by the 30-day marker ( P <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that greater CS volumes transfused are associated with higher rates of 30-day readmissions. Thus, surgeons should consider limiting CS volume intraoperatively to 550 mL and when greater volumes are required or preferred, ensuring that the ratio of CS:EBL remains under 0.33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarthak Mohanty
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Och Spine Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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Briguori C, Visconti G, Golino M, Focaccio A, Scarpelli M, Nuzzo S, Biondi-Zoccai G. Paclitexel versus sirolimus-coated balloon in the treatment of coronary instent restenosis. Panminerva Med 2023; 65:327-334. [PMID: 34761888 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.21.04573-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies compared paclitaxel-coated balloon (PCB) versus sirolimus-coated balloon (SCB) in the treatment of drug-eluting stent (DES) instent restenosis (ISR). METHODS Between November 5, 2009, and October 14, 2020, in our center 212 patients with first DES-ISR were treated with PCB (Restore®; Cardionovum GmbH, Bonn, Germany), whereas 230 patients were treated with SCB (Devoir®; MINVASYS SAS, Gennevilliers, France). Following a propensity matching, 186 patients were included into PCB group (PCB group), and in the SCB group (SCB group). The primary purpose of the study was the 1-year target lesion failure (TLF) rate, including cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction, and repeated target lesion or target vessel revascularization. RESULTS Procedural success occurred in all cases. Fully optimal predilation (that is, balloon-to-stent ratio >0.91, time of DCB inflation >60 sec, and residual percent diameter stenosis after lesion preparation <20%) was observed more often in the SCB group (126 [68%] patients versus 106 [57%] patients; P=0.042). One-year TLF occurred in 29 (15.5%) patients in the SCB group and in 32 (17%) patients in the PCB group (OR=1.12 [0.65-1.95]; P=0.78). By logistic Cox regression analysis fully optimal predilation (OR=0.06; 95% CI: 0.01-0.21; P<0.001) but not DCB type (OR=0.74; 95% CI: 0.41-1.31; P=0.29) was independent predictor of 1-year TLF. CONCLUSIONS The current study suggests that 1-year TLF is not statistically and clinically different in patients with DES ISR treated with a PCB and a SCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Briguori
- Unit of Interventional Cardiology, Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy -
| | - Gabriella Visconti
- Unit of Interventional Cardiology, Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Golino
- Unit of Interventional Cardiology, Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia Focaccio
- Unit of Interventional Cardiology, Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Scarpelli
- Unit of Interventional Cardiology, Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai
- Unit of Interventional Cardiology, Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
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165
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Freedland SJ, Hong A, El-Chaar N, Murty S, Ramaswamy K, Coutinho AD, Nimke D, Morgans AK. Prostate-specific antigen response and clinical progression-free survival in Black and White men with chemotherapy-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide in a real-world setting. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2023; 26:523-530. [PMID: 36517634 PMCID: PMC10449620 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-022-00622-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, Black men have a higher incidence of prostate cancer (PC)-related mortality than men of other races. Several real-world studies in advanced PC suggest, however, that Black men respond better to novel hormonal therapies than White men. Data on treatment responses to enzalutamide by race are limited. We assessed real-world prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response and clinical progression-free survival (cPFS) of Black vs. White men with chemotherapy-naïve PC treated with enzalutamide. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included patients with PC who initiated enzalutamide treatment from 2014 to 2018 in the IntrinsiQ Specialty Solutions™ database, a collection of electronic medical records from community urology practices. Index date was the date of the first prescription for enzalutamide, used as a proxy for metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC). Patients who had undergone chemotherapy and/or abiraterone therapy were excluded. Kaplan-Meier and Cox models adjusted for baseline characteristics were used to estimate PSA response and cPFS by race. RESULTS The study included 214 Black and 1332 White men with chemotherapy-naïve PC presumed to have mCRPC based on the enzalutamide indication during the study period. Black men were younger and had higher baseline median PSA levels than White men. Enzalutamide therapy duration, follow-up time, and number of post-index PSA tests were similar between races. In multivariable analyses, the risk of patients achieving a ≥ 50% PSA decline was similar, whereas a numerically higher trend of ≥90% PSA decline was observed in Black men (HR 1.23; 95% CI 0.93-1.62 [P = 0.14]). In the multivariable analysis, Black men had significantly better cPFS (HR 0.82; 95% CI 0.68-0.98 [P = 0.03]). CONCLUSIONS Black and White men with presumed chemotherapy-naïve mCRPC had similar PSA responses when treated with enzalutamide, but Black men had better cPFS than White men. Further research is warranted to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Freedland
- Center for Integrated Research in Cancer and Lifestyle, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Agnes Hong
- Astellas Pharma Inc., Northbrook, IL, USA
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166
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Chen Y, Wu Y, Ran W, Yuan J, Yang Z, Chen S, Wang Y. Early oral nutritional supplement improves COVID-19 outcomes among hospitalized older patients during the Omicron wave. Nutrition 2023; 113:112087. [PMID: 37354650 PMCID: PMC10200278 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effect of and optimal timing for initiating an oral nutritional supplement(ONS) in hospitalized older patients with the Omicron variant infection remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between the ONS and clinical outcomes. METHODS This study used a retrospective cohort design as primary analysis and a case-control design as sensitivity analysis. We collected data from patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between April 2022 and June 2022 at Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, one of the designated medical centers for COVID-19 in Shanghai, China. Patients were identified as ONS users or non-ONS users, with the former defined as early ONS (ONS initiated within 48 h from hospital admission), and late ONS (ONS initiated after 48 h) users. RESULTS The study included 1181 hospitalized patients ≥60 y of age. The mean age of the cohort was 78 y, and most patients were women (57.7%). Mortalities after propensity-score matching were 1.2% and 4.3% in the ONS group and non-ONS groups, respectively (P = 0.032). Subgroup analysis results showed that median (IQR) hospital length of stay and the median (IQR) length from symptom onset to viral clearance were shorter for the early ONS than for the late ONS group (9 [6-13] d versus 14 [11 -18] d; P < 0.001, and 11 [8-17] d versus 17 [13-22] d; P < 0.001, respectively). The findings from the case-control analysis supported those from the primary analysis. CONCLUSIONS Early ONS might have significantly lowered risk for in-hospital death, as well as reduce hospital length of stay and days of viral clearance in older patients with COVID-19 during the Omicron wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinfan Wu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjue Yuan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangwei Yang
- Department of Medical Administration, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunjie Chen
- Department of Medical Administration, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Justesen TF, Gögenur M, Clausen JSR, Mashkoor M, Rosen AW, Gögenur I. The impact of time to surgery on oncological outcomes in stage I-III dMMR colon cancer - A nationwide cohort study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2023; 49:106887. [PMID: 37002178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.03.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the considerations when investigating neoadjuvant interventions is the prolonging of time from diagnosis to curative surgery (i.e. the treatment interval [TI]). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the length of TI and overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) colon cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective propensity score-adjusted study included all patients of ≥18 years of age undergoing elective curative surgery for stage I-III, dMMR colon cancer. Data were extracted from four Danish patient databases. Outcomes were investigated in groups with TIs of ≤14 days versus >14 days. Propensity scores were computed using all demographics, diagnoses and measurements. Matching was done in a 1:1 ratio. RESULTS A total of 4130 patients were included in the study with a mean age of 73.8 years and a median follow-up time of 43.9 months. After matching, 2794 patients were included in the analysis of overall survival. No significant difference in overall survival was seen between patients with TIs of ≤14 days versus >14 days (hazard ratio [HR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81-1.17; p = 0.78). In the analysis of disease-free survival, 1798 patients were included after matching. This showed no significant difference between patients with TIs of ≤14 days versus >14 days (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.69-1.06; p = 0.14). CONCLUSION No associations were found between TI and overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with stage I-III, dMMR colon cancer undergoing elective curative surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikail Gögenur
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Lykkebækvej 1, 4600, Køge, Denmark.
| | - Johan Stub Rønø Clausen
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Lykkebækvej 1, 4600, Køge, Denmark.
| | - Maliha Mashkoor
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Lykkebækvej 1, 4600, Køge, Denmark.
| | | | - Ismail Gögenur
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Lykkebækvej 1, 4600, Køge, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Zhang B, Tsai YW, Wu JY, Liu TH, Chuang MH, Hsu WH, Huang PY, Lai CC. Risk of cytomegalovirus diseases among coronavirus disease survivors: A retrospective cohort study. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29096. [PMID: 37705228 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors. In this retrospective cohort study, we used the TriNetX research network to identify adults with and without COVID-19 between January 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022. Propensity score matching was used to match the patients with and without COVID-19. The primary outcome was the risk of CMV disease during the 90-day follow-up period. Two matched cohorts comprising 2 501 634 patients with balanced baseline characteristics were created using propensity score matching. During the follow-up period, patients with COVID-19 had a higher risk of CMV disease than those without COVID-19 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.55; 95% confidence interval: 2.01-3.23). The higher risk of CMV disease in the COVID-19 cohort compared with that of the non-COVID-19 cohort remained unchanged in the subgroup analyses by sex (men: HR, 1.85 [1.38-2.47]; women: HR, 2.31 [1.63-3.27]), age (18-64 years: HR, 2.21 [1.71-2.85]; ≥65 years: HR, 1.97 [1.20-3.25]), obesity (HR, 1.54 [1.04-2.30]), diabetes mellitus (HR, 1.50 [1.08-2.08]), cancer (HR, 3.10 [1.95-4.92]), glucocorticoid use (HR, 3.14 [2.45-4.02]), transplantation (HR, 1.38 [1.08-1.77]), and unvaccinated status (HR, 2.37 [1.82-3.08]). In conclusion, COVID-19 can increase the risk of CMV disease. Clinicians should be aware of the risk of CMV disease in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ya-Wen Tsai
- Center for Integrative Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jheng-Yan Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hui Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiang Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Lai
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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169
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Yang F, Wang R, Lu W, Hu H, Li Z, Shui H. Prognostic value of blood urea nitrogen to serum albumin ratio for acute kidney injury and in-hospital mortality in intensive care unit patients with intracerebral haemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study using the MIMIC-IV database. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069503. [PMID: 37607799 PMCID: PMC10445397 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the prognostic ability of blood urea nitrogen to serum albumin ratio (BAR) for acute kidney injury (AKI) and in-hospital mortality in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) in intensive care unit (ICU). DESIGN A retrospective cohort study using propensity score matching. SETTING ICU of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. PARTICIPANTS The data of patients with ICH were obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (V.1.0) database. A total of 1510 patients with ICH were enrolled in our study. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURE The optimal threshold value of BAR is determined by the means of X-tile software (V.3.6.1) and the crude cohort was categorised into two groups on the foundation of the optimal cut-off BAR (6.0 mg/g). Propensity score matching and inverse probability of treatment weighting were performed to control for confounders. The predictive performance of BAR for AKI was tested using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the association between BAR and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS The optimal cut-off value for BAR was 6.0 mg/g. After matching, multivariate logistic analysis showed that the high-BAR group had a significantly higher risk of AKI (OR, 2.60; 95% confidence index, 95% CI, 1.86 to 3.65, p<0.001). What's more, a higher BAR was also an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality (HR, 2.84; 95% confidence index, 95% CI, 1.96 to 4.14, p<0.001) in terms of multivariate Cox regression analysis. These findings were further demonstrated in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS BAR is a promising and easily available biomarker that could serve as a prognostic predictor of AKI and in-hospital mortality in patients with ICH in the ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fugang Yang
- The Interventional Diagnostic and therapeutic Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Lu
- The Interventional Diagnostic and therapeutic Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongtao Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Shui
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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170
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Lin CL, Chen WM, Jao AT, Shia BC, Wu SY. The Protective Effect of Vitamin D on Dementia Risk in Hemodialysis Patients. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1741. [PMID: 37629597 PMCID: PMC10455756 DOI: 10.3390/life13081741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis are at an elevated risk of developing dementia, potentially linked to the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this population, which may contribute to cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of dementia in hemodialysis patients remains uncertain, necessitating further investigation to elucidate the potential benefits of vitamin D intervention in this vulnerable group. METHODS In this propensity-score-matched comparative cohort study, we sought to assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the occurrence of dementia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. A total of 1424 patients were included and matched 1:1 using propensity scores. The study population was divided into two groups: those receiving vitamin D supplementation at a dose of ≥70 μg/week and those without any supplementation. The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of dementia. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) to examine the association between vitamin D supplementation and the risk of dementia while controlling for relevant covariates. RESULTS The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) comparing vitamin D supplementation to no supplementation was 0.44 (95% CI 0.29-0.69; p < 0.0001), demonstrating a significant decrease in the risk of dementia associated with vitamin D supplementation. The aHRs for vitamin D supplementation at different dose ranges (70-105, 106-350, 351-1000, and >1000 μg/week) were 0.51, 0.49, 0.43, and 0.41, respectively (p for trend < 0.0001). These findings suggest a potential dose-dependent relationship between vitamin D supplementation and the reduction of dementia risk. CONCLUSIONS In our study, we found that vitamin D supplementation at doses of ≥70 μg/week significantly reduced the risk of dementia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. Furthermore, our results indicated a dose-dependent effect, with higher doses of supplementation correlating with a greater reduction in dementia risk. These findings underscore the potential of vitamin D supplementation as a preventive approach for cognitive impairment in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Lang Lin
- Liver Research Unit, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 833, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242, Taiwan
| | - An-Tzu Jao
- Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 265, Taiwan;
| | - Ben-Chang Shia
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242, Taiwan
- Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 265, Taiwan;
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 265, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 265, Taiwan
- Centers for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
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171
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Zeitler EP, Kearing S, Coylewright M, Nair D, Hsu JC, Darden D, O'Malley AJ, Russo AM, Al-Khatib SM. Response by Zeitler et al to Letter Regarding Article, "Comparative Effectiveness of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Versus Oral Anticoagulation by Sex". Circulation 2023; 148:510-511. [PMID: 37549206 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily P Zeitler
- Dartmouth Health (E.P.Z., S.K.), Lebanon, NH
- The Dartmouth Institute (E.P.Z., A.J.O.), Lebanon, NH
| | | | | | - Devi Nair
- St Bernard's Heart and Vascular Center, Jonesboro, AR (D.N.)
| | | | - Douglas Darden
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute, Overland Park, KS (D.D.)
| | - A James O'Malley
- The Dartmouth Institute (E.P.Z., A.J.O.), Lebanon, NH
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH (A.J.O.)
| | - Andrea M Russo
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ (A.M.R.)
| | - Sana M Al-Khatib
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (S.M.A.-K.)
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172
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Hoertel N, Rezaei K, Sánchez-Rico M, Delgado-Álvarez A, Kornhuber J, Gulbins E, Olfson M, Ouazana-Vedrines C, Carpinteiro A, Cougoule C, Becker KA, Alvarado JM, Limosin F. Medications Modulating the Acid Sphingomyelinase/Ceramide System and 28-Day Mortality among Patients with SARS-CoV-2: An Observational Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1107. [PMID: 37631022 PMCID: PMC10458150 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior evidence indicates the potential central role of the acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)/ceramide system in the infection of cells with SARS-CoV-2. We conducted a multicenter retrospective observational study including 72,105 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted to 36 AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris) hospitals from 2 May 2020 to 31 August 2022. We examined the association between the ongoing use of medications functionally inhibiting acid sphingomyelinase (FIASMA), which reduces the infection of cells with SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, upon hospital admission with 28-day all-cause mortality in a 1:1 ratio matched analytic sample based on clinical characteristics, disease severity and other medications (N = 9714). The univariate Cox regression model of the matched analytic sample showed that FIASMA medication use at admission was associated with significantly lower risks of 28-day mortality (HR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.72-0.88; p < 0.001). In this multicenter observational study, the use of FIASMA medications was significantly and substantially associated with reduced 28-day mortality among adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19. These findings support the continuation of these medications during the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are needed to confirm these results, starting with the molecules with the greatest effect size in the study, e.g., fluoxetine, escitalopram, and amlodipine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Hoertel
- INSERM U1266, Université Paris Cité, F-75014 Paris, France
- Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie de l’Adulte et du Sujet Agé, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Corentin-Celton, GHU APHP.Centre, F-92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
| | - Katayoun Rezaei
- Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie de l’Adulte et du Sujet Agé, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Corentin-Celton, GHU APHP.Centre, F-92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
| | - Marina Sánchez-Rico
- Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie de l’Adulte et du Sujet Agé, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Corentin-Celton, GHU APHP.Centre, F-92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioural Sciences Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Delgado-Álvarez
- Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie de l’Adulte et du Sujet Agé, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Corentin-Celton, GHU APHP.Centre, F-92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioural Sciences Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany (K.A.B.)
| | - Mark Olfson
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Charles Ouazana-Vedrines
- Service de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, F-75004 Paris, France
| | - Alexander Carpinteiro
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany (K.A.B.)
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
| | - Céline Cougoule
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany (K.A.B.)
| | - Jesús M. Alvarado
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioural Sciences Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- INSERM U1266, Université Paris Cité, F-75014 Paris, France
- Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie de l’Adulte et du Sujet Agé, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Corentin-Celton, GHU APHP.Centre, F-92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
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173
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Torti C, Olimpieri PP, Bonfanti P, Tascini C, Celant S, Tacconi D, Nicastri E, Tacconelli E, Cacopardo B, Perrella A, Buccoliero GB, Parruti G, Bassetti M, Biagetti C, Giacometti A, Erne EM, Frontuto M, Lanzafame M, Summa V, Spagnoli A, Vestri A, Di Perri G, Russo P, Palù G. Real-life comparison of mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection at risk for clinical progression treated with molnupiravir or nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir during the Omicron era in Italy: a nationwide, cohort study. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2023; 31:100684. [PMID: 37547273 PMCID: PMC10398591 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Comparative data on mortality in COVID-19 patients treated with molnupiravir or with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir are inconclusive. We therefore compared all-cause mortality in community-dwelling COVID-19 patients treated with these drugs during the Omicron era. Methods Data collected in the nationwide, population-based, cohort of patients registered in the database of the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA) were used. To increase completeness of the recorded deaths and date correctness, a cross-check with the National Death Registry provided by the Ministry of the Interior was performed. We included in this study all patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 treated within 5 days after the test date and symptom onset between February 8 and April 30, 2022. All-cause mortalities by day 28 were compared between the two treatment groups after balancing for baseline characteristics using weights obtained from a gradient boosting machine algorithm. Findings In the considered timeframe, 17,977 patients treated with molnupiravir and 11,576 patients with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir were included in the analysis. Most patients (25,617/29,553 = 86.7%) received a full vaccine course including the booster dose. A higher crude incidence rate of all-cause mortality was found among molnupiravir users (51.83 per 100,000 person-days), compared to nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir users (22.29 per 100,000 person-days). However, molnupiravir-treated patients were older than those treated with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir and differences between the two populations were found as far as types of co-morbidities were concerned. For this reason, we compared the weight-adjusted cumulative incidences using the Aalen estimator and found that the adjusted cumulative incidence rates were 1.23% (95% CI 1.07%-1.38%) for molnupiravir-treated and 0.78% (95% CI 0.58%-0.98%) for nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir-treated patients (adjusted log rank p = 0.0002). Moreover, the weight-adjusted mixed-effect Cox model including Italian regions and NHS centers as random effects and treatment as the only covariate confirmed a significant reduced risk of death in patients treated with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir. Lastly, a significant reduction in the risk of death associated with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir was confirmed in patient subgroups, such as in females, fully vaccinated patients, those treated within day 2 since symptom onset and patients without (haemato)-oncological diseases. Interpretation Early initiation of nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir was associated for the first time with a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality by day 28 compared to molnupiravir, both in the overall population and in patient subgroups, including those fully vaccinated with the booster dose. Funding This study did not receive funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Torti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Graecia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Olimpieri
- Italian Medicines Agency, Via del Tritone 181, 00187 Rome, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonfanti
- Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Carlo Tascini
- Department of Medicine (DAME), Infectious Diseases Clinic, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Simone Celant
- Italian Medicines Agency, Via del Tritone 181, 00187 Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Tacconi
- Department of Specialised and Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Unit, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- National Institute for Infectious Disease Lazzaron Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Evelina Tacconelli
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania School of Medicine, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Perrella
- Division Emerging Infectious Disease and High Contagiousness, D. Cotugno Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giustino Parruti
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, Pescara General Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Matteo Bassetti
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital—IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Biagetti
- Unit of Infectious disease Infermi Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Andrea Giacometti
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elke Maria Erne
- Department of Infectious Disease, Azienda Sanitaria dell’Alto Adige, Central Hospital of Bolzano, Italy
| | - Maria Frontuto
- Infectious Diseases Unit, A.O.R. San Carlo, Potenza, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Summa
- Italian Medicines Agency, Via del Tritone 181, 00187 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Spagnoli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Annarita Vestri
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Perri
- Department of Medical Sciences at the Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Torino, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Russo
- Italian Medicines Agency, Via del Tritone 181, 00187 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Palù
- Italian Medicines Agency, Via del Tritone 181, 00187 Rome, Italy
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Gerosa T, Gui M. Earlier smartphone acquisition negatively impacts language proficiency, but only for heavy media users. Results from a longitudinal quasi-experimental study. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2023; 114:102915. [PMID: 37597929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2023.102915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing debate about the proper age at which teens should be given permission to own a personal smartphone. While experts in different disciplines provide parents and educators with conflicting guidelines, the age of first smartphone acquisition is constantly decreasing and there is still limited evidence on the impact of anticipating the age of access on learning outcomes. Drawing on two-wave longitudinal data collected on a sample of 1672 students in 2013 (at grade 5) and 2016 (at grade 8), this study evaluates whether obtaining the first personal smartphone at 10 or 11 years old, during the transition to lower secondary school (early owning), affected their language proficiency trends compared to receiving it from the age of 12 onwards (late owning). Results indicate an overall null effect of smartphone early owning on adolescents' language proficiency trajectories, while a negative effect is found on those who were already heavy screen media users before receiving the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziano Gerosa
- Institute of Applied Sustainability to the Built Environment, Department of Environment Constructions and Design, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Switzerland.
| | - Marco Gui
- Department of Sociology and Social Research, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Italy.
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175
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Schneider AL, Peltz CB, Li Y, Bahorik A, Gardner RC, Yaffe K. Traumatic Brain Injury and Long-Term Risk of Stroke Among US Military Veterans. Stroke 2023; 54:2059-2068. [PMID: 37334708 PMCID: PMC10527414 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.042360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with significant morbidity, but the association of TBI with long-term stroke risk in diverse populations remains less clear. Our objective was to examine the long-term associations of TBI with stroke and to investigate potential differences by age, sex, race and ethnicity, and time since TBI diagnosis. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of US military veterans aged 18+ years receiving healthcare in the Veterans Health Administration system between October 1, 2002 and September 30, 2019. Veterans with TBI were matched 1:1 to veterans without TBI on age, sex, race and ethnicity, and index date, yielding 306 796 veterans with TBI and 306 796 veterans without TBI included in the study. In primary analyses, Fine-Gray proportional hazards models adjusted for sociodemographics and medical/psychiatric comorbidities were used to estimate the association between TBI and stroke risk, accounting for the competing risk of mortality. RESULTS Participants were a mean age of 50 years, 9% were female, and 25% were of non-White race and ethnicity. Overall, 4.7% of veterans developed a stroke over a median follow-up of 5.2 years. Veterans with TBI had 1.69 times (95% CI, 1.64-1.73) increased risk of any stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) compared to veterans without TBI. This increased risk was highest in the first-year post-TBI diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR], 2.16 [95% CI, 2.03-2.29]) but remained elevated for 10+ years. Similar patterns were observed for secondary outcomes, with associations of TBI with hemorrhagic stroke (HR, 3.92 [95% CI, 3.59-4.29]) being stronger than with ischemic stroke (HR, 1.56 [95% CI, 1.52-1.61]). Veterans with both mild (HR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.43-1.52]) and moderate/severe/penetrating injury (HR, 2.02 [95% CI, 1.96-2.09]) had increased risk of stroke compared to veterans without TBI. Associations of TBI with stroke were stronger among older compared to younger individuals (P interaction-by-age<0.001) and were weaker among Black veterans compared to other race and ethnicities (P interaction-by-race<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Veterans with prior TBI are at increased long-term risk for stroke, suggesting they may be an important population to target for primary stroke prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L.C. Schneider
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Yixia Li
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health System
| | | | - Raquel C. Gardner
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health System
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
- The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health System
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco
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de'Angelis N, Piccoli M, Casoni Pattacini G, Winter DC, Carcoforo P, Celentano V, Coccolini F, Di Saverio S, Frontali A, Fuks D, Genova P, Guerrieri M, Kraft M, Lakkis Z, Le Roy B, Micelli Lupinacci R, Milone M, Petri R, Scabini S, Tonini V, Valverde A, Zorcolo L, Bianchi G, Ris F, Espin E. Right Colectomy with Intracorporeal Anastomosis: A European Multicenter Propensity Score Matching Retrospective Study of Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Procedures. World J Surg 2023; 47:2039-2051. [PMID: 37188971 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-023-07031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of robotic (RRC-IA) versus laparoscopic (LRC-IA) right colectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis using a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis based on a large European multicentric cohort of patients with nonmetastatic right colon cancer. METHODS Elective curative-intent RRC-IA and LRC-IA performed between 2014 and 2020 were selected from the MERCY Study Group database. The two PSM-groups were compared for operative and postoperative outcomes, and survival rates. RESULTS Initially, 596 patients were selected, including 194 RRC-IA and 402 LRC-IA patients. After PSM, 298 patients (149 per group) were compared. There was no statistically significant difference between RRC-IA and LRC-IA in terms of operative time, intraoperative complication rate, conversion to open surgery, postoperative morbidity (19.5% in RRC-IA vs. 26.8% in LRC-IA; p = 0.17), or 5-yr survival (80.5% for RRC-IA and 74.7% for LRC-IA; p = 0.94). R0 resection was obtained in all patients, and > 12 lymph nodes were harvested in 92.3% of patients, without group-related differences. RRC-IA procedures were associated with a significantly higher use of indocyanine green fluorescence than LRC-IA (36.9% vs. 14.1%; OR: 3.56; 95%CI 2.02-6.29; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Within the limitation of the present analyses, there is no statistically significant difference between RRC-IA and LRC-IA performed for right colon cancer in terms of short- and long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola de'Angelis
- Unit of Colorectal and Digestive Surgery, DIGEST Department, Beaujon University Hospital, Clichy, France.
- University of Paris Est, UPEC, Créteil, France.
- Department of Digestive, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Henri-Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Est - UPEC, 51, Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010, Créteil, France.
| | - Micaela Piccoli
- Unit of General, Emergency Surgery and New Technologies, OCB (Ospedale Civile Baggiovara), AOU (Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Di Modena), Modena, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Casoni Pattacini
- Unit of General, Emergency Surgery and New Technologies, OCB (Ospedale Civile Baggiovara), AOU (Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Di Modena), Modena, Italy
| | - Des C Winter
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Paolo Carcoforo
- Department of Surgery, Unit of General Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valerio Celentano
- University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Federico Coccolini
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Salomone Di Saverio
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alice Frontali
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'L. Sacco', University of Milan, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - David Fuks
- Department of Digestive Oncologic and Metabolic Surgery, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Pietro Genova
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences (Di.Chir.On.S.), Paolo Giaccone University Hospital, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Guerrieri
- Department of General Surgery, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Piazza Roma 22, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Miquel Kraft
- Unit of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General and Digestive Surgery, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron-Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zaher Lakkis
- Department of Digestive Surgical Oncology - Liver Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Bertrand Le Roy
- Department of Digestive and Oncologic Surgery, CHU Saint-Etienne, Hospital Nord, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Renato Micelli Lupinacci
- Department of Digestive, Oncologic and Metabolic Surgery, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP. Paris Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Marco Milone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Petri
- General Surgery Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASU FC), Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Scabini
- General and Oncologic Surgical Unit, Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valeria Tonini
- Emergency Surgery Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alain Valverde
- Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses, Croix Saint-Simon, 75020, Paris, France
| | - Luigi Zorcolo
- Colon and Rectal Surgery Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bianchi
- Department of Digestive, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Henri-Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Est - UPEC, 51, Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Frederic Ris
- Division of Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eloy Espin
- Unit of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General and Digestive Surgery, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron-Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Chen JS, Harris WB, Wu KJ, Phillips HW, Tseng CH, Weil AG, Fallah A. Comparison of Hemispheric Surgery Techniques for Pediatric Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis. Neurology 2023; 101:e410-e424. [PMID: 37202158 PMCID: PMC10435062 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hemispheric surgery effectively treats unihemispheric pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) by resecting and/or disconnecting the epileptic hemisphere. Modifications to the original anatomic hemispherectomy have generated multiple functionally equivalent, disconnective techniques for performing hemispheric surgery, termed functional hemispherotomy. While a myriad of hemispherotomy variants exist, all of them can be categorized according to the anatomic plane they are performed in, which includes vertical approaches at or near the interhemispheric fissure and lateral approaches at or near the Sylvian fissure. This meta-analysis of individual patient data (IPD) aimed to compare seizure outcomes and complications between the hemispherotomy approaches to better characterize their relative efficacy and safety in the modern neurosurgical treatment of pediatric DRE, given emerging evidence that outcomes may differ between them. METHODS CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched from inception to September 9, 2020, for studies reporting IPD from pediatric patients with DRE who underwent hemispheric surgery. Outcomes of interest were seizure freedom at last follow-up, time-to-seizure recurrence, and complications including hydrocephalus, infection, and mortality. The χ2 test compared the frequency of seizure freedom and complications. Multivariable mixed-effects Cox regression controlling for predictors of seizure outcome was performed on propensity score-matched patients to compare time-to-seizure recurrence between approaches. Kaplan-Meier curves were made to visualize differences in time-to-seizure recurrence. RESULTS Fifty-five studies reporting on 686 unique pediatric patients treated with hemispheric surgery were included for meta-analysis. Among the hemispherotomy subgroup, vertical approaches resulted in a greater proportion of seizure free patients (81.2% vs 70.7%, p = 0.014) than lateral approaches. While there were no differences in complications, lateral hemispherotomy had higher rates of revision hemispheric surgery due to incomplete disconnection and/or recurrent seizures than vertical hemispherotomy (16.3% vs 1.2%, p < 0.001). After propensity score matching, vertical hemispherotomy approaches independently conferred longer time-to-seizure recurrence than lateral hemispherotomy approaches (hazard ratio 0.44, 95% CI 0.19-0.98). DISCUSSION Among functional hemispherotomy techniques, vertical hemispherotomy approaches confer more durable seizure freedom than lateral approaches without compromising safety. Future prospective studies are required to definitively determine whether vertical approaches are indeed superior and how it should influence clinical guidelines for performing hemispheric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Shu Chen
- From the The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University (J.-S.C.), Providence, RI; Department of Neurosurgery (W.B.H.), University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.W., H.W.P., A.F.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (H.W.P.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Medicine (C.-H.T.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (A.G.W.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Pediatrics (A.F.), University of California Los Angeles
| | - William B Harris
- From the The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University (J.-S.C.), Providence, RI; Department of Neurosurgery (W.B.H.), University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.W., H.W.P., A.F.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (H.W.P.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Medicine (C.-H.T.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (A.G.W.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Pediatrics (A.F.), University of California Los Angeles
| | - Katherine J Wu
- From the The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University (J.-S.C.), Providence, RI; Department of Neurosurgery (W.B.H.), University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.W., H.W.P., A.F.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (H.W.P.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Medicine (C.-H.T.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (A.G.W.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Pediatrics (A.F.), University of California Los Angeles
| | - H Westley Phillips
- From the The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University (J.-S.C.), Providence, RI; Department of Neurosurgery (W.B.H.), University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.W., H.W.P., A.F.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (H.W.P.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Medicine (C.-H.T.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (A.G.W.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Pediatrics (A.F.), University of California Los Angeles
| | - Chi-Hong Tseng
- From the The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University (J.-S.C.), Providence, RI; Department of Neurosurgery (W.B.H.), University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.W., H.W.P., A.F.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (H.W.P.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Medicine (C.-H.T.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (A.G.W.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Pediatrics (A.F.), University of California Los Angeles
| | - Alexander G Weil
- From the The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University (J.-S.C.), Providence, RI; Department of Neurosurgery (W.B.H.), University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.W., H.W.P., A.F.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (H.W.P.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Medicine (C.-H.T.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (A.G.W.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Pediatrics (A.F.), University of California Los Angeles
| | - Aria Fallah
- From the The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University (J.-S.C.), Providence, RI; Department of Neurosurgery (W.B.H.), University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora; Department of Neurosurgery (K.J.W., H.W.P., A.F.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (H.W.P.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Medicine (C.-H.T.), University of California Los Angeles; Department of Neurosurgery (A.G.W.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Pediatrics (A.F.), University of California Los Angeles.
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178
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Li Y, Li L. Propensity score analysis with local balance. Stat Med 2023; 42:2637-2660. [PMID: 37012676 PMCID: PMC11390285 DOI: 10.1002/sim.9741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Most propensity score (PS) analysis methods rely on a correctly specified parametric PS model, which may result in biased estimation of the average treatment effect (ATE) when the model is misspecified. More flexible nonparametric models for treatment assignment alleviate this issue, but they do not always guarantee covariate balance. Methods that force balance in the means of covariates and their transformations between the treatment groups, termed global balance in this article, do not always lead to unbiased estimation of ATE. Their estimated propensity scores only ensure global balance but not the balancing property, which is defined as the conditional independence between treatment assignment and covariates given the propensity score. The balancing property implies not only global balance but also local balance-the mean balance of covariates in propensity score stratified sub-populations. Local balance implies global balance, but the reverse is false. We propose the propensity score with local balance (PSLB) methodology, which incorporates nonparametric propensity score models and optimizes local balance. Extensive numerical studies showed that the proposed method can substantially outperform existing methods that estimate the propensity score by optimizing global balance, when the model is misspecified. The proposed method is implemented in the R package PSLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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179
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Sung MC, Chung KP, Cheng SH. Impact of a diabetes pay-for-performance program on nonincentivized mental disorders: a panel study based on claims database analysis. COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2023; 21:41. [PMID: 37415154 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-023-00450-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases with subsequent complications. The positive effects of diabetes pay-for-performance (P4P) programs on treatment outcomes have been reported. The program provides financial incentives based on physiological care indicators, but common mental disorder complications such as depression are not covered. METHODS This study employed a natural experimental design to examine the spillover effects of diabetes P4P program on patients with nonincentivized depressive symptoms. The intervention group consisted of diabetes patients enrolled in the DM P4P program from 2010 to 2015. Unenrolled patients were selected by propensity score matching to form the comparison group. Difference-in-differences analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of P4P programs. We employed generalized estimating equation (GEE) models, difference-in-differences analyses and difference-in-difference-in-differences analyses to evaluate the net effect of diabetes P4P programs. Changes in medical expenses (outpatient and total health care costs) over time were analysed for the treatment and comparison groups. RESULTS The results showed that enrolled patients had a higher incidence of depressive symptoms than unenrolled patients. The outpatient and total care expenses of diabetes patients with depressive symptoms were lower in the intervention group than in the comparison group. Diabetes patients with depressive symptoms enrolled in the DM P4P program had lower expenses for depression-related care than those not enrolled in the program. CONCLUSIONS The DM P4P program benefits diabetes patients by screening for depressive symptoms and lowering accompanying health care expenses. These positive spillover effects may be an important aspect of physical and mental health in patients with chronic disease enrolled in disease management programs while contributing to the control of health care expenses for chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chan Sung
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Piao Chung
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shou-Hsia Cheng
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Population Health Research Center, National Taiwan University, 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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180
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Marcaccio CL, AbuRahma AF, Eldrup-Jorgensen J, Brooke BS, Schermerhorn ML. Vascular Quality Initiative assessment of compliance with Society for Vascular Surgery clinical practice guidelines on the management of extracranial cerebrovascular disease. J Vasc Surg 2023; 78:111-121.e2. [PMID: 36948279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2023.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Compliance with Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is associated with improved outcomes for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm, but this has not been assessed for carotid artery disease. The Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) registry was used to examine compliance with the SVS CPGs for the management of extracranial cerebrovascular disease and its impact on outcomes. METHODS The 2021 SVS extracranial cerebrovascular disease CPGs were reviewed for evaluation by VQI data. Compliance rates by the center and provider were calculated, and the impact of compliance on outcomes was assessed using logistic regression with inverse probability-weighted risk adjustment for each CPG recommendation, allowing for clustering by the center. Our primary outcome was a composite end point of in-hospital stroke/death. As a secondary analysis, compliance with the 2021 SVS carotid implementation document recommendations and associated outcomes were also assessed. RESULTS Of the 11 carotid CPG recommendations, 4 (36%) could be evaluated using VQI registry data. Median center-specific CPG compliance ranged from 38% to 95%, and median provider-specific compliance ranged from 36% to 100%. After adjustment, compliance with 2 of the recommendations was associated with lower rates of in-hospital stroke/death: first, the use of best medical therapy (antiplatelet and statin therapy) in low/standard surgical risk patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy for >70% asymptomatic stenosis (event rate in compliant vs noncompliant cases 0.59% vs 1.3%; adjusted odds ratio: 0.44, 95% confidence interval: 0.29-0.66); and second, carotid endarterectomy over transfemoral carotid artery stenting in low/standard surgical risk patients with >50% symptomatic stenosis (1.9% vs 3.4%; adjusted odds ratio: 0.55, 95% confidence interval: 0.43-0.71). Of the 132 implementation document recommendations, only 10 (7.6%) could be assessed using VQI data, with median center- and provider-specific compliance rates ranging from 67% to 100%. The impact of compliance on outcomes could only be assessed for 6 (4.5%) of these recommendations, and compliance with all 6 recommendations was associated with lower stroke/death. CONCLUSIONS Few SVS recommendations could be assessed in the VQI because of incongruity between the recommendations and the VQI data variables collected. Although guideline compliance was extremely variable among VQI centers and providers, compliance with most of these recommendations was associated with improved outcomes after carotid revascularization. This finding confirms the value of guideline compliance, which should be encouraged for centers and providers. Optimization of VQI data to promote evaluation of guideline compliance and distribution of these findings to VQI centers and providers will help facilitate quality improvement efforts in the care of vascular patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Marcaccio
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ali F AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University-Charleston Division, Charleston, WV
| | - Jens Eldrup-Jorgensen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME
| | - Benjamin S Brooke
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Marc L Schermerhorn
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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Qiu S, Chen R, Hu J, Han T. The prognosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma versus conventional hepatocellular carcinoma: a study based on propensity score matching. Scand J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:1351-1358. [PMID: 37353942 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2227305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) versus conventional hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. Thus, this study aimed to compare the prognosis of FLC and HCC. METHODS Patients with FLC and HCC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2000 and 2015 were included. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the clinical characteristics between FLC and HCC. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis were applied to identify the effect of pathology in prognosis before and after match in the whole cohort, as well as in subgroups of fibrosis score, AJCC stage and therapy. RESULTS A total of 213 patients with FLC and 33365 patients with HCC between 2000 and 2015 were identified. Before matching, the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were significantly better in FLC than HCC. After matching, FLC patients had better OS than HCC patients, but the CSS was similar between groups. Further analyses found that in patients at early stage (AJCC I-III) and/or accepted curative therapy, the prognosis was comparable between HCC and FLC. In patients without cirrhosis (F0), the HCC patients had similar prognosis with FLC patients. Prognosis benefit of FLC was observed in subgroups of AJCC stage IV and non-curative therapy, however, the concomitant diseases may affect the results. CONCLUSIONS The prognosis of FLC was significantly better than HCC before matching. However, after matching for clinical characteristics, the CSS was comparable between FLC and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaotian Qiu
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxuan Hu
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Tao Han
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China
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Chan YH, Chao TF, Chen SW, Kao YW, Huang CY, Chu PH. The Association of Background Medications on Initial eGFR Change and Kidney Outcomes in Diabetic Patients Receiving SGLT2 Inhibitor. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 18:858-868. [PMID: 36999982 PMCID: PMC10356138 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether background medications modify the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) on the eGFR and kidney outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We used medical data from a multicenter health care facility in Taiwan and included 10,071 patients who received SGLT2i treatment from June 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018. Direct comparisons for use versus no use of specific background drugs were conducted after adjusting for baseline characteristics through propensity score matching. Patients were followed up until the occurrence of composite kidney outcomes (two-fold increase in the serum creatinine level or the development of end-stage kidney disease), mortality, or the end of the study period. RESULTS Patients exhibited an initial mean (SEM) decline of -2.72 (0.10) ml/min per 1.73 m 2 in eGFR dip from baseline to a mean treatment duration of 8.1±3.1 weeks after SGLT2i initiation. The eGFR trajectory stabilized 24 weeks after SGLT2i treatment with a mean (SEM) slope of -1.36 (0.25) ml/min per 1.73 m 2 per year. Compared with no drug use, the use of background renin-angiotensin inhibitor ( n =2073), thiazide diuretics ( n =1764), loop diuretics ( n =708), fenofibrate ( n =1043), xanthine oxidase inhibitor ( n =264), and insulin ( n =1656) was associated with a larger initial decrease in eGFR, while background metformin treatment ( n =827) was associated with a smaller initial decrease in eGFR after SGLT2i treatment. The only drugs associated with the long-term composite kidney outcome during SGLT2i treatment were renin-angiotensin inhibitor (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40 to 0.95) and loop diuretics (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.19 to 2.96). CONCLUSIONS Several background medications were associated with the initial eGFR dip after SGLT2i initiation. Most drugs were not associated with long-term composite kidney outcomes among patients treated with SGLT2i, except for renin-angiotensin system inhibitor associated with favorable outcomes and loop diuretics associated with worse composite kidney outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsin Chan
- The Cardiovascular Department, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Microscopy Core Laboratory, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Fan Chao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wei Chen
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Linkou Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Center for Big Data Analytics and Statistics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Kao
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Statistics and Information Science, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ying Huang
- The Cardiovascular Department, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- The Cardiovascular Department, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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183
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Sun M, Chen WM, Wu SY, Zhang J. Chronic pain following elective surgery under general anesthesia in older adults. J Anesth 2023:10.1007/s00540-023-03215-2. [PMID: 37354352 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-023-03215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between age and chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) in patients who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia, with a focus on long-term postsurgical analgesic use. To our knowledge, no previous study has examined this relationship in detail between older and younger patients. METHODS We conducted a propensity score-matched (PSM) study to compare the rates of long-term (3 or 6 months) postoperative analgesic use between older adult (≥ 65 years) and younger (< 65 years) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the use of analgesics as a surrogate indicator of CPSP. RESULTS The PSM analysis included 62,784 surgical patients (31,392 in each group). Three months after surgery, the rates of analgesic use were significantly higher in the older age group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-1.49) as well as for opioid use specifically (aOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.29-1.39). Six months after surgery, the rates of analgesic use remained higher in the older age group (aOR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.47-1.58), and similarly for opioid use specifically (aOR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.36-1.48). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that older adults have higher rates of long-term analgesic use for CPSP after elective surgery under general anesthesia. This study highlights the importance of addressing CPSP in older adult patients and considering age-related factors when managing postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wan-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, No. 83, Nanchang St., Luodong Township, Yilan County 265, Taiwan.
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Medicine, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, No. 83, Nanchang St., Luodong Township, Yilan County 265, Taiwan.
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Cancer Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, No. 83, Nanchang St., Luodong Township, Yilan County 265, Taiwan.
- Centers for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Management, College of Management, Fo Guang University, Yilan, Taiwan.
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Chen X, Ou Y, Wang Z, Liu H, Liu Y, Liu M. Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and risk of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in hospitalized patients: a 10-year retrospective analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1211294. [PMID: 37396591 PMCID: PMC10313113 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1211294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), as a novel inflammatory biomarker, has recently attracted attention in cardiovascular disease research. However, the relationship between SII and risk of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) remains unclear to date. Thus, this study aimed to explore the association in a large sample over a 10-year period (2012-2022). Methods All hospitalized patients undergoing lower extremity compression ultrasonography (CUS) examination were consecutively screened by searching our hospital information system database. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the optimal cut-off value for high and low SII group. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between SII and LEDVT risk. Propensity score matching (PSM), subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Moreover, restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression and two-piecewise linear regression models were used to assess the dose-response relationship between natural log transformed SII [ln(SII)] and risk of LEDVT. Results A total of 16,725 consecutive hospitalized patients were included, and 1,962 LEDVT events occurred. After adjusting for confounding factors, patients in the high SII group (≥ 574.2 × 109/L) showed a 1.740-fold risk of LEDVT (95% CI: 1.546-1.959, P < 0.001), and elevated ln(SII) was associated with a 36.1% increased risk of LEDVT (95% CI: 1.278-1.449, P < 0.001). PSM, subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the association. A non-linear relationship was observed (P non-linear < 0.001), with a threshold value of 5.6 × 109/L for all LEDVT events. Above the threshold, each unit increase in ln(SII) had a 1.369-fold higher risk of LEDVT (95% CI: 1.271-1.475, P < 0.001). The association also existed in both distal and proximal LEDVT. Conclusion Elevated SII is significantly associated with an increased risk of LEDVT in hospitalized patients. Additionally, the association is non-linear and exhibit a threshold effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Yili Ou
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Zhicong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hailong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Yuehong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Mozhen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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de Masson A, Beylot-Barry M, Ram-Wolff C, Mear JB, Dalle S, d'Incan M, Ingen-Housz-Oro S, Orvain C, Abraham J, Dereure O, Charbonnier A, Cornillon J, Longvert C, Barete S, Boulinguez S, Wierzbicka-Hainaut E, Aubin F, Rubio MT, Bernard M, Schmidt-Tanguy A, Houot R, Pham-Ledard A, Michonneau D, Brice P, Labussière-Wallet H, Bouaziz JD, Grange F, Moins-Teisserenc H, Jondeau K, Michel L, Mourah S, Battistella M, Daguindau E, Loschi M, Picard A, Franck N, Maillard N, Huynh A, Nguyen S, Marçais A, Chaby G, Ceballos P, Le Corre Y, Maury S, Bay JO, Adamski H, Bachy E, Forcade E, Socié G, Bagot M, Chevret S, Peffault de Latour R. Allogeneic transplantation in advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CUTALLO): a propensity score matched controlled prospective study. Lancet 2023; 401:1941-1950. [PMID: 37105210 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00329-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are rare, usually refractory, and fatal diseases. Case series have suggested that allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) might improve the prognosis of advanced-stage CTCLs. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of allogeneic HSCT compared with non-HSCT therapy on the outcome of individuals with advanced-stage CTCLs. METHODS In this prospective, multicentre, matched controlled trial, conducted at 30 hospitals, participants with advanced CTCLs were allocated treatment: if they had an available compatible related donor they were assigned to allogeneic HSCT, or if not they were allocated to non-allogeneic HSCT therapy. Key inclusion criteria were participants aged 18-70 years, with advanced stage mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome, and at least one poor prognostic criteria. Participants were excluded if they were not in complete or partial remission of the disease. Propensity score 1:1 matching with replacement (ie, that each participant treated with HSCT was matched to the participant with the closest propensity score treated with non-HSCT therapy, even if they had already been matched) was used to handle confounding factors, with the balance of covariate distribution between HSCT and non-HSCT groups assessed using standardised mean differences. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival in the matched intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02520908), and is currently active but not recruiting. FINDINGS From June 1, 2016, to March 3, 2022, total of 99 participants were enrolled at 17 centres in France. Participants with a sibling or matched unrelated donor were assigned to allogeneic HSCT (HSCT group, n=55 [56%]) and participants without a donor were assigned to non-allogeneic HSCT treatment (non-HSCT group, n=44 [44%]). The median follow-up among survivors was 12·6 months (IQR 11·0-35·2). In the HSCT group, 51 participants (93%) were 1:1 matched to participants from the non-HSCT group. In the intention-to-treat analysis, median progression-free survival was significantly longer in the HSCT group (9·0 months [95% CI 6·6-30·5]) than in the non-HSCT group (3·0 months [2·0-6·3]), with a hazard ratio of 0·38 (95% CI 0·21-0·69; p<0·0001). In the per-protocol population, 40 participants (78%) in the HSCT group had 101 serious events and 29 participants (67%) in the non-HSCT group had 70 serious adverse events. The most common serious adverse event other than graft-versus-host disease in both groups was infections, occurring in 30 participants (59%) in the HSCT group and in 19 participants (44%) in the non-HSCT group. INTERPRETATION Allogeneic HSCT was associated with significantly longer progression-free survival in participants with advanced-stage CTCLs. These results indicate that allogeneic HSCT treatment should be made available to individuals with high-risk, advanced-stage mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome who achieve pre-transplant disease remission. FUNDING French Ministry of Health, National Cancer Institute, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique en Cancérologie.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle de Masson
- Department of Dermatology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976 Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Marie Beylot-Barry
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, Team 5, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Ram-Wolff
- Department of Dermatology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Mear
- Department of Hematology, L'Hôpital Pontchaillou, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Stéphane Dalle
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Lyon-Sud, Lyon, France
| | - Michel d'Incan
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Saskia Ingen-Housz-Oro
- Department of Dermatology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Corentin Orvain
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Grand-Ouest Acute Leukemia, Angers, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 1307, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 6075, Nantes Université, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Julie Abraham
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Olivier Dereure
- Department of Dermatology and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1058 Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emergent Infections, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Charbonnier
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Jérôme Cornillon
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Christine Longvert
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Stéphane Barete
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Serge Boulinguez
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ewa Wierzbicka-Hainaut
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - François Aubin
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Rubio
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Brabois, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Nancy, Nancy, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7365, Ingéniérie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire, Biopole, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Marc Bernard
- Department of Hematology, L'Hôpital Pontchaillou, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Aline Schmidt-Tanguy
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Roch Houot
- Department of Hematology, L'Hôpital Pontchaillou, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1236, Rennes, France
| | - Anne Pham-Ledard
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, Team 5, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - David Michonneau
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976 Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Brice
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-David Bouaziz
- Department of Dermatology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976 Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Florent Grange
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier de Valence, Valence, France
| | - Hélène Moins-Teisserenc
- Hematology Laboratory, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Katayoun Jondeau
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Laurence Michel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976 Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Samia Mourah
- Department of Tumor Genomics and Pharmacology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976 Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Battistella
- Pathology Laboratory, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976 Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Daguindau
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Michael Loschi
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital L'Archet, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Alexandra Picard
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Nathalie Franck
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Natacha Maillard
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Anne Huynh
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Nguyen
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ambroise Marçais
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Necker, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Chaby
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Patrice Ceballos
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Yannick Le Corre
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Sébastien Maury
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Bay
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Henri Adamski
- Department of Dermatology, L'Hôpital Pontchaillou, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Emmanuel Bachy
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Edouard Forcade
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gérard Socié
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976 Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Martine Bagot
- Department of Dermatology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976 Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Chevret
- Department of Biostatistics, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1153, Paris, France
| | - Régis Peffault de Latour
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Gu WJ, Zhang LM, Wang CM, Zhao FZ, Yin HY, Lyu J. Pre-intensive care unit use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and mortality in critically ill adults with mental disorders: analysis from the MIMIC-IV database. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:187. [PMID: 37277344 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02487-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed drugs for mental disorders in critically ill patients. We performed a retrospective cohort study to investigate the association between pre-ICU use of SSRIs and mortality in critically ill adults with mental disorders. We identified critically ill adults with mental disorders based on the Medical Information Mart in Intensive Care-IV database. The exposure was the use of SSRIs during the period after hospital admission and before ICU admission. The outcome was in-hospital mortality. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). To further test the robustness of the results, we performed propensity score matching and marginal structural Cox model estimated by inverse probability of treatment weighting. The original cohort identified 16601 patients. Of those, 2232 (13.4%) received pre-ICU SSRIs, and 14369 (86.6%) did not. Matched cohort obtained 4406 patients, with 2203 patients in each group (SSRIs users vs. non-users). In the original cohort, pre-ICU use of SSRIs was associated with a 24% increase in the hazard for in-hospital mortality (aHR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05-1.46; P = 0.010). The results were robust in the matched cohort (aHR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.02-1.57; P = 0.032) and the weighted cohort (aHR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.32-1.54; P < 0.001). Pre-ICU use of SSRIs is associated with an increase in the hazard for in-hospital mortality in critically ill adults with mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Jie Gu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu-Ming Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Mei Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Feng-Zhi Zhao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai-Yan Yin
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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187
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Hasegawa K, Tsukahara T, Nomiyama T. Associations between long-term care-service use and service- or care-need level progression: a nationwide cohort study using the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance Claims database. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:577. [PMID: 37277778 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of the long-term care service in Japan has been unclear, and most of the relevant studies of this service have been limited to a single region and relatively small samples, necessitating large-scale studies. We examined the associations between long-term care service use and the service/care-need level progression at the national scale in Japan. METHODS We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study using data from the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance Claims database. Individuals aged ≥ 65 years and newly certified as being at the support-need level 1 or 2 or the care-need level 1 between April 2012 and March 2013 were included. We first conducted 1:1 propensity score matching and then examined the associations between service use and the progression in support-need or care-need levels by using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 332,766 individuals. We observed that service use was associated with a faster decline in the support/care-need level, although the differences in the subjects' survival rate diminished; the log-rank test showed significance (p < 0.001). When stratified for urban-rural classifications or regions of Japan, the results were similar to the primary analysis in all of the stratified groups, and no clear regional variations were observed. CONCLUSION We did not observe a clear beneficial effect of receiving long-term care in Japan. Our results suggest that Japan's current long-term care service may not be effective for the recipients of these services. Considering that the system is becoming a financial burden, a re-examination of the service to provide more cost-effective care may be advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Teruomi Tsukahara
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nomiyama
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
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188
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Saha AK, Das S, Biswas D, Sain B, Mitra M, Chakraborty R, Basu S, Shamim S, Mukherjee A, Ghosh D, Biswas S, Kumar S, Gowsami DN, Todi SK. Treatment Outcome with High versus low-to-moderate Dosing of Corticosteroids in Early vis-a-vis Late-onset Hypoxic Cases of COVID-19: A Multicentric Retrospective Cohort Study. IJID REGIONS 2023; 7:31-42. [PMID: 36164344 PMCID: PMC9492392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Corticosteroid dosing in COVID-19 cases associated with early-onset and late-onset hypoxia have not been separately explored. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we divided hypoxic COVID-19 cases into groups based on timing of initiation of corticosteroids relative to onset of symptoms; Group A (≤6th day), Group B (7th-9th day) and Group C (≥10th day), each group being sub-grouped into high and low-to-moderate dose corticosteroid recipients. Cox regression with propensity scoring was used to compare 28-day mortality between high and low-to-moderate dose recipients separately in Group A, Group B, Group C. Results Among 505 patients included, propensity score matched Cox regression showed greater risk of all-cause mortality among high dose recipients in Group A [HR= 7.35, 95%CI 3.36-16.11, p-value<0·01, N=114] and Group B [HR=3.17, 95%CI 1.65-6.07, p-value<0·01, N=251]. In Group C, mortality was lowest [12.8% (18/140)] with no significant difference between sub-groups [HR=2.52, 95%CI 0.22-29.15, p-value=0.459, N=140]. Kruskal-Wallis Test between Group A, Group B and Group C for six pre-defined exposure variables showed significant differences for Neutrophil:Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR). Conclusion When steroids were initiated early (owing to an earlier onset of hypoxic symptoms), a high dose of corticosteroid was associated with greater overall 28-day mortality compared to a low-to-moderate dose. NLR, a marker for individual immune response, varied between treatment groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Kumar Saha
- Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Santiniketan Medical College (under West Bengal University of Health Sciences), Bolpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Suvajit Das
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Rampurhat Government Medical College and Hospital (under West Bengal University of Health Sciences), Rampurhat, West Bengal, India
| | - Daliya Biswas
- Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital (under West Bengal University of Health Sciences), Darjeeling, West Bengal India
| | - Baijaeek Sain
- Junior Clinical Fellow - Surgery Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, NHS Wales, the UK
| | - Mrinmoy Mitra
- Consultant, Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, AMRI Hospitals Mukundapur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritam Chakraborty
- Consultant, Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, AMRI Hospitals Mukundapur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sushmita Basu
- Consultant, Critical Care Medicine, AMRI Hospitals Mukundapur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shelley Shamim
- Associate Professor, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Calcutta National Medical College (under West Bengal University of Health Sciences), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Avik Mukherjee
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neuro-Medicine, Calcutta Medical College and Hospital (under West Bengal University of Health Sciences), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Debajyoti Ghosh
- Medical Faculty, Department of PMR, R G Kar Medical College and Hospitals (under West Bengal University of Health Sciences), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sujash Biswas
- Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Rampurhat Government Medical College and Hospital (under West Bengal University of Health Sciences), Rampurhat, West Bengal, India
| | - Simit Kumar
- Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, Rampurhat Government Medical College and Hospital (under West Bengal University of Health Sciences), Rampurhat, West Bengal, India
| | - D N Gowsami
- Professor and Head, Department of Community Medicine, Rampurhat Government Medical College (under West Bengal University of Health Sciences), Rampurhat, West Bengal, India
| | - S K Todi
- Director, Critical Care Unit, AMRI Hospitals Mukundapur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Antwi-Amoabeng D, Beutler BD, Ulanja MB, Neelam V, Gbadebo TD. Effect of atrial fibrillation on mortality in SARS-CoV-2 patients: A propensity score-matched analysis of nationwide hospitalizations in the United States. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17199. [PMID: 37325454 PMCID: PMC10256628 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias encountered in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. There are racial disparities in the incidence of AF and COVID-19. Several studies have reported an association between AF and mortality. However, it remains to be determined if AF represents an independent risk factor for COVID-19-related mortality. Methods A propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis was performed using data from the National Inpatient Sample to assess the risk of mortality among patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection and incident AF from March 2020 through December 2020. Results AF was less common among patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 as compared to those who tested negative (6.8% vs 7.4%, p < 0.001). White individuals with the virus had an increased incidence of AF but had lower mortality rates relative to Black and Hispanic patients. After PSM analysis, AF retained a significantly increased odds of mortality among patients with SARS-CoV-2 (OR: 1.35, CI: 1.29-1.41, p < 0.001). Conclusion This PSM analysis shows that AF is an independent risk factor for inpatient mortality in those with SARS-CoV-2 infection and that White patients, while having a higher burden of SARS-CoV-2 and AF, demonstrate a significantly lower mortality rate as compared to their Black and Hispanic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryce D Beutler
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark B Ulanja
- Christus Ochsner St. Patrick Hospital, Lake Charles, LA, USA
| | - Vijay Neelam
- Christus Ochsner St. Patrick Hospital, Lake Charles, LA, USA
| | - T David Gbadebo
- East Atlanta Cardiology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Decatur Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
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190
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Soe P, Johnston LG, Makuza JD, Karim ME. The association between HIV self-test awareness and recent HIV testing uptake in the male population in Gambia: data analysis from 2019-2020 demographic and health survey. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:360. [PMID: 37237265 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Gambian Ministry of Health is supportive of HIV self-testing (HIVST) and HIVST initiatives are being piloted as an additional strategy to increase HIV testing for individuals not currently reached by existing services, particularly men. This study aimed to determine awareness of HIVST among Gambian men, and whether prior awareness of HIVST is associated with recent HIV testing uptake. METHODS We used men's cross-sectional data from the 2019-2020 Gambian Demographic and Health Survey. We employed design-adjusted multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between HIVST awareness and recent HIV testing. Propensity-score weighting was conducted as sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Of 3,308 Gambian men included in the study, 11% (372) were aware of HIVST and 16% (450) received HIV testing in the last 12 months. In the design-adjusted multivariable analysis, men who were aware of HIVST had 1.76 times (95% confidence interval: 1.26-2.45) the odds of having an HIV test in the last 12 months, compared to those who were not aware of HIVST. Sensitivity analyses revealed similar findings. CONCLUSION Awareness of HIVST may help increase the uptake of HIV testing among men in Gambia. This finding highlights HIVST awareness-raising activities to be an important intervention for nationwide HIVST program planning and implementation in Gambia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyumar Soe
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Lisa G Johnston
- LGJ Consultants, Inc., Valencia, Spain
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Loiusiana, Spain
| | - Jean Damascene Makuza
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Clinical Prevention Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mohammad Ehsanul Karim
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
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191
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Midya V, Lane JM, Gennings C, Torres-Olascoaga LA, Wright RO, Arora M, Téllez-Rojo MM, Eggers S. Prenatal Pb exposure is associated with reduced abundance of beneficial gut microbial cliques in late childhood: an investigation using Microbial Co-occurrence Analysis (MiCA). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.18.23290127. [PMID: 37293091 PMCID: PMC10246125 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.18.23290127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Many analytical methods used in gut microbiome research focus on either single bacterial taxa or the whole microbiome, ignoring multi-bacteria relationships (microbial cliques). We present a novel analytical approach to identify multiple bacterial taxa within the gut microbiome of children at 9-11 years associated with prenatal Pb exposure. Methods Data came from a subset of participants (n=123) in the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) cohort. Pb concentrations were measured in maternal whole blood from the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Stool samples collected at 9-11 years old underwent metagenomic sequencing to assess the gut microbiome. Using a novel analytical approach, Microbial Co-occurrence Analysis (MiCA), we paired a machine-learning algorithm with randomization-based inference to first identify microbial cliques that were predictive of prenatal Pb exposure and then estimate the association between prenatal Pb exposure and microbial clique abundance. Results With second-trimester Pb exposure, we identified a 2-taxa microbial clique that included Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Ruminococcus callidus, and a 3-taxa clique that added Prevotella clara. Increasing second-trimester Pb exposure was associated with significantly increased odds of having the 2-taxa microbial clique below the 50th percentile relative abundance (OR=1.03,95%CI[1.01-1.05]). In an analysis of Pb concentration at or above vs. below the United States and Mexico guidelines for child Pb exposure, odds of the 2-taxa clique in low abundance were 3.36(95%CI[1.32-8.51]) and 6.11(95%CI[1.87-19.93]), respectively. Trends were similar with the 3-taxa clique but not statistically significant. Discussion Using a novel combination of machine-learning and causal-inference, MiCA identified a significant association between second-trimester Pb exposure and reduced abundance of a probiotic microbial clique within the gut microbiome in late childhood. Pb exposure levels at the guidelines for child Pb poisoning in the United States, and Mexico are not sufficient to protect against the potential loss of probiotic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Midya
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - J M Lane
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - C Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - L A Torres-Olascoaga
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - R O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - M Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - M M Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - S Eggers
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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192
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Zhao Y, Zhang H, Wang X, Liu D. Impact of central venous pressure during the first 24 h and its time-course on the lactate levels and clinical outcomes of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1036285. [PMID: 37332578 PMCID: PMC10269904 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1036285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have revealed that elevated mean central venous pressure (CVP) was associated with poor prognosis in specific patient groups. But no study explored the impact of mean CVP on prognosis of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of elevated CVP and its time-course on clinical outcomes of patients who underwent CABG and potential mechanisms. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. We first identified the CVP during specific period with the most predictive value. Patients were categorized into the low-CVP and high-CVP group on the basis of the cut-off value. A propensity score matching was used to adjust covariates. The primary outcome was a 28-day mortality. The secondary outcomes were 1-year mortality and in-hospital mortality, the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and hospitalization, acute kidney injury incidence, use of vasopressors, duration of ventilation and oxygen index, and lactate levels and clearance. Patients in the high-CVP group were categorized into the "second day CVP ≤ 13.46 mmHg" group and the "second day CVP > 13.46 mmHg" group, respectively, and the clinical outcomes were the same as before. Results A total of 6,255 patients who underwent CABG were picked from the MIMIC-IV database, of which 5,641 CABG patients were monitored by CVP measurement during the first 2 days after ICU admission and 206,016 CVP records were extracted from the database. The mean CVP during the first 24 h was the most correlative and statistically significant for the 28-day mortality. The risk of the 28-day mortality was increased in the high-CVP group [OR 3.45 (95% CI: 1.77-6.70; p < 0.001)]. Patients with elevated CVP levels had worse secondary outcomes. The maximum of lactate levels and lactate clearance were also poor in the high-CVP group. For patients in the high-CVP group during the first 24 h, whose mean CVP during the second day lowered to less than the cut-off value, had better clinical outcomes. Conclusions An elevated mean CVP during the first 24 h was correlated with poor outcomes in patients who underwent CABG. The potential mechanisms may be influencing the lactate levels and lactate clearance through the impact on afterload of tissue perfusion. Patients whose mean CVP during the second day dropped to less than the cut-off value had favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaoting Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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193
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Akenroye AT, Segal JB, Zhou G, Foer D, Li L, Alexander GC, Keet CA, Jackson JW. Comparative effectiveness of omalizumab, mepolizumab, and dupilumab in asthma: A target trial emulation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:1269-1276. [PMID: 36740144 PMCID: PMC10164684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple mAbs are currently approved for the treatment of asthma. However, there is limited evidence on their comparative effectiveness. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of omalizumab, mepolizumab, and dupilumab in individuals with moderate-to-severe asthma. METHODS We emulated a hypothetical randomized trial using electronic health records from a large US-based academic health care system. Participants aged 18 years or older with baseline IgE levels between 30 and 700 IU/mL and peripheral eosinophil counts of at least 150 cells/μL were eligible for study inclusion. The study period extended from March 2016 to August 2021. Outcomes included the incidence of asthma-related exacerbations and change in baseline FEV1 value over 12 months of follow-up. RESULTS In all, 68 individuals receiving dupilumab, 68 receiving omalizumab, and 65 receiving mepolizumab met the inclusion criteria. Over 12 months of follow-up, 31 exacerbations occurred over 68 person years (0.46 exacerbations per person year) in the dupilumab group, 63 over 68 person years (0.93 per person year) in the omalizumab group, and 86 over 65 person years (1.32 per person year) in the mepolizumab group (adjusted incidence rate ratios: dupilumab vs mepolizumab, 0.28 [95% CI = 0.09-0.84]; dupilumab vs omalizumab, 0.36 [95% CI = 0.12-1.09]; and omalizumab vs mepolizumab, 0.78 [95% CI = 0.32-1.91]). The differences in the change in FEV1 comparing patients who received the different biologics were as follows: 0.11 L (95% CI = -0.003 to 0.222 L) for dupilumab versus mepolizumab, 0.082 L (95% CI -0.040 to 0.204 L) for dupilumab versus omalizumab, and 0.026 L (95% CI -0.083 to 0.140 L) for omalizumab versus mepolizumab. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with asthma and eosinophil counts of at least 150 cells/μL and IgE levels of 30 to 700 kU/L, dupilumab was associated with greater improvements in exacerbation and FEV1 value than omalizumab and mepolizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayobami T Akenroye
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md.
| | - Jodi B Segal
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md; Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Center for Drug Safety and Effectiveness, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
| | - Guohai Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Dinah Foer
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Lily Li
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - G Caleb Alexander
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md; Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Center for Drug Safety and Effectiveness, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
| | - Corinne A Keet
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - John W Jackson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md; Center for Drug Safety and Effectiveness, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md; Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
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Guinot PG, Andrei S, Durand B, Martin A, Duclos V, Spitz A, Berthoud V, Constandache T, Grosjean S, Radhouani M, Anciaux JB, Nguyen M, Bouhemad B. Balanced Nonopioid General Anesthesia With Lidocaine Is Associated With Lower Postoperative Complications Compared With Balanced Opioid General Anesthesia With Sufentanil for Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Propensity Matched Cohort Study. Anesth Analg 2023; 136:965-974. [PMID: 36763521 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no data on the effect of balanced nonopioid general anesthesia with lidocaine in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. The main study objective was to evaluate the association between nonopioid general balanced anesthesia and the postoperative complications in relation to opioid side effects. METHODS Patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass between 2019 and 2021 were identified. After exclusion of patients for heart transplantation, left ventricular assistance device, and off-pump surgery, we classified patients according to an opioid general balanced anesthesia or a nonopioid balanced anesthesia with lidocaine. The primary outcome was a collapsed composite of postoperative complications that comprise respiratory failure and confusion, whereas secondary outcomes were acute renal injury, pneumoniae, death, intensive care unit (ICU), and hospital length of stay. RESULTS We identified 859 patients exposed to opioid-balanced general anesthesia with lidocaine and 913 patients exposed to nonopioid-balanced general anesthesia. Propensity score matching yielded 772 individuals in each group with balanced baseline covariates. Two hundred thirty-six patients (30.5%) of the nonopioid-balanced general anesthesia versus 186 patients (24.1%) presented postoperative composite complications. The balanced lidocaine nonopioid general anesthesia group was associated with a lower proportion with the postoperative complication composite outcome OR, 0.72 (95% CI, 0.58-0.92; P = .027). The number of patients with acute renal injury, death, and hospital length of stay did not differ between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS A balanced nonopioid general anesthesia protocol with lidocaine was associated with lower odds of postoperative complication composite outcome based on respiratory failure and confusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Grégoire Guinot
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Stefan Andrei
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Bastien Durand
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Audrey Martin
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Valerian Duclos
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Alexandra Spitz
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Vivien Berthoud
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Tiberiu Constandache
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Sandrine Grosjean
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Mohamed Radhouani
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Anciaux
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Maxime Nguyen
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Belaid Bouhemad
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Sun M, Chen WM, Wu SY, Zhang J. Sarcopenia is associated with an increase in long-term use of analgesics after elective surgery under general anesthesia. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2023; 48:205-210. [PMID: 36631231 DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2022-104144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To elucidate the association of presurgical sarcopenia and long-term non-opioid analgesic and opioid use after elective surgery under general anesthesia. METHODS We conducted this population-based propensity score matched to investigate the effects of sarcopenia and long-term non-opioid analgesic and opioid use after elective surgery under general anesthesia between 1 October 2016 and 31 December 2019 from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Sarcopenia is a disease and coded as M62.84 in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification. The primary outcome was the combined rate of the long-term use of all non-opioid analgesics or opioids over 3 and 6 months after elective surgery. By performing a logistic regression analysis, we calculated the adjusted ORs (aORs) with 95% CIs to identify the independent predictors for long-term non-opioid analgesic and opioid use after surgery. RESULTS In total, 2860 patients underwent elective surgery. The 3-month non-opioid analgesic and opioid use rates were respectively 49.7% and 1.8% in the sarcopenia group and 37.9% and 0.9% in the non-sarcopenia group; by contrast, 6-month non-opioid analgesic and opioid use rates were respectively 31.6% and 1.2% in the sarcopenia group and 17.2% and 0.3% in the non-sarcopenia group. Moreover, presurgical sarcopenia increased the risk of long-term non-opioid analgesic and opioid use after elective surgery under general anesthesia (aORs for non-opioid analgesic use over 3 and 6 months after surgery: 1.17 (95% CI 1.05 to 2.23) and 1.26 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.45), respectively; aORs for opioid use over 3 and 6 months after surgery: 1.17 (95% CI 1.07 to 2.21) and 1.23 (95% CI 1.10 to 3.64), respectively). CONCLUSION Sarcopenia is associated with higher rates of long-term non-opioid analgesic and opioid use after elective surgery under general anesthesia. SUMMARY The aim of this study was to compare the long-term use of non-opioid analgesics and opioids after elective surgery under general anesthesia between patients with and without sarcopenia. Results suggest that patients with sarcopenia are more likely to have increased use of non-opioid analgesics and opioids after surgery. Further research is needed to determine if sarcopenia can be modified prior to surgery and if this impacts the need for long-term pain management with these medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wan-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, LotungPoh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
- Centers for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Management, College of Management, Fo Guang University, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Cho M, Lightfoot E. Recurrence of Substantiated Maltreatment Reports between Low-Income Parents With Disabilities and Their Propensity-Score Matched Sample Without Disabilities. CHILD MALTREATMENT 2023; 28:318-331. [PMID: 35081797 DOI: 10.1177/10775595211069917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Using the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect dataset, 127 low-income parents with disabilities and a propensity score matched sample of 254 parents without disabilities were compared for the rates of repeated substantiated child maltreatment allegations and potentially distinct risks for substantiated child maltreatment recurrence. The number of substantiated child maltreatment allegations was not significantly higher for low-income parents with disabilities (M = 1.17, SD = 1.83) than their matched sample (M = .93, SD = 1.44) (t = -1.29, p = .197). Findings from the negative binomial regression indicated that parental disability was also not a significant predictor for repeated substantiated child maltreatment allegations among low-income parents after controlling other risk factors (Exp(B) = 1.16, p < .353). In both groups, black parents were more likely to have repeated substantiated maltreatments than white parents. For parents with disabilities, being an older parent, receiving SNAP benefits, having a daughter, and having a child in continued out-of-home care significantly increased the risk for repeated substantiations while having a GED or higher education degree and living with a larger number of family decreased the risk. For parents without disabilities, family instability was the only additional risk factor for repeated maltreatment substantiations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhae Cho
- School of Social Work, 5635University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
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Marcaccio CL, Patel PB, Rastogi V, Stangenberg L, Liang P, Wyers MC, Jim J, Schneider PA, Schermerhorn ML. Efficacy and safety of single versus dual antiplatelet therapy in carotid artery stenting. J Vasc Surg 2023; 77:1434-1446.e11. [PMID: 36581013 PMCID: PMC10122699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current guidelines recommend dual antiplatelet (AP) therapy (DAPT) before carotid artery stenting (CAS); however, the true clinical effect of single AP therapy vs DAPT is unknown. We examined the efficacy and safety of preoperative single AP therapy vs DAPT in patients who had undergone transfemoral CAS (tfCAS) or transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR). METHODS We identified all patients who had undergone tfCAS or TCAR in the Vascular Quality Initiative database from 2016 to 2021. We stratified the patients by procedure and identified those who had received the following preoperative AP regimens: DAPT (acetylsalicylic acid [ASA] + P2Y12 inhibitor [P2Yi]), no AP therapy, ASA only, ASA + AP loading dose, P2Yi only, and P2Yi + AP loading dose. The AP loading dose was given within 4 hours of CAS. We generated propensity scores for each treatment regimen and assessed in-hospital outcomes using inverse probability weighted log binomial regression, with DAPT as the reference and adjusting for intraoperative protamine use. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite end point of stroke and death, and the primary safety outcome was access-related bleeding. RESULTS Of the 18,570 tfCAS patients, 70% had received DAPT, 5.6% no AP therapy, 10% ASA only, 8.0% ASA + AP loading dose, 4.6% P2Yi only, and 2.9% P2Yi + AP loading dose. The corresponding unadjusted rates of stroke/death were 2.2%, 6.8%, 4.1%, 5.1%, 2.4%, and 2.3%. After adjustment, compared with DAPT, the incidence of stroke/death was higher with no AP therapy (relative risk [RR], 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-3.2), ASA only (RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.1), and ASA + AP loading dose (RR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.5-2.7) but was similar with P2Yi only (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.58-1.7) and P2Yi + AP loading dose (RR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.49-2.5). Of the 25,459 TCAR patients, 81% had received DAPT, 2.0% no AP therapy, 5.5% ASA only, 3.5% ASA + AP loading dose, 4.9% P2Yi only, and 2.4% P2Yi + AP loading dose. The corresponding unadjusted rates of stroke/death were 1.5%, 3.3%, 3.3%, 2.9%, 1.2%, and 1.1%. After adjustment, compared with DAPT, the incidence of stroke/death was higher with no AP therapy (RR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.3) and ASA only (RR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.5-3.1), with a trend toward a higher incidence with ASA + AP loading dose (RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.99-2.6), and was similar with P2Yi only (RR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.54-1.8) and P2Yi + AP loading dose (RR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.27-1.6). No differences were found in the incidence of access-related bleeding between the treatment groups after tfCAS or TCAR. CONCLUSIONS Compared with DAPT, no AP therapy or ASA monotherapy was associated with higher rates of stroke/death after CAS and should be discouraged as unsafe practice. Meanwhile, P2Yi monotherapy was associated with similar rates of stroke/death. No differences were found in the incidence of bleeding complications, and adding an AP loading dose to ASA or P2Yi monotherapy within 4 hours of the procedure did not affect the outcomes. Overall, these findings support the current guidelines recommending DAPT before CAS but also suggest that P2Yi monotherapy might confer thromboembolic benefits similar to those with DAPT. However, an immediate preoperative AP loading dose might not provide additional thromboembolic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Marcaccio
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Priya B Patel
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Vinamr Rastogi
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Stangenberg
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Patric Liang
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mark C Wyers
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jeffrey Jim
- Section of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Peter A Schneider
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Marc L Schermerhorn
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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Alsoud D, Verstockt B, Vermeire S. Comparative Effectiveness Research to Position Therapies in Ulcerative Colitis: How Fair Are the Comparisons? Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:1372-1373. [PMID: 35850410 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dahham Alsoud
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal disorders (TARGID) - IBD Unit, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Verstockt
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal disorders (TARGID) - IBD Unit, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Séverine Vermeire
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal disorders (TARGID) - IBD Unit, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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199
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Shah M, Mamtani R, Marmarelis ME, Hennessy S. Chemoimmunotherapy vs. Immunotherapy for First Line Treatment of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer With a PD-L1 Expression ≥50% or ≥90. Clin Lung Cancer 2023; 24:235-243. [PMID: 36935244 PMCID: PMC10149619 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence about the comparative effectiveness of chemoimmunotherapy vs. immunotherapy alone in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) and high PD-L1 expression (≥50%) or very high PD-L1 expression (≥90%) is limited because of the lack of head-to-head clinical trials. OBJECTIVE To compare survival in aNSCLC patients receiving first-line chemoimmunotherapy vs. immunotherapy in both the PD-L1 expression ≥50% or ≥90% subgroups, accounting for potential confounders that may influence physician decision-making. METHODS This cohort study used a nationwide electronic health record derived database to identify newly diagnosed cases of aNSCLC patients with PD-L1 expression of ≥50% who initiated first-line systemic therapy between October 2016 and October 2021. The exposure of interest was first-line therapy with chemoimmunotherapy or immunotherapy among patients with PD-L1 expression ≥50% or ≥90%. Survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression. Propensity score-based inverse probability of weighting (IPW) was used to control for confounding. Because of nonproportionality of hazards, we estimated hazard ratios over the first 6 months and after 6 months for the overall cohort, and over the first 12 months and after 12 months for a subgroup of persons with a PD-L1 expression ≥90%. RESULTS We identified 3086 subjects who met inclusion criteria, of whom 32% received chemoimmunotherapy and 68% received immunotherapy alone. Chemoimmunotherapy was associated with no survival advantage vs. immunotherapy alone during the entire follow-up period (IPW-adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR] 0.98, 95% CI, 0.86-1.12), but was associated with a survival benefit during the first 6 months (aHR 0.74, 95% CI, 0.61-0.90). Similarly, in the subgroup of patients with a PD-L1 expression ≥90%, chemoimmunotherapy was associated with no overall survival advantage during the entire follow-up period (aHR 0.99, 95% CI, 0.87-1.22), but was associated with a survival benefit during the first 12 months (aHR 0.74, 95% CI, 0.57-0.97). CONCLUSION Chemoimmunotherapy was not associated with an overall benefit over immunotherapy alone, although was associated with an early survival advantage in both the overall cohort and the subgroup of patients with a PD-L1 expression ≥90%. Future studies should focus on identifying the characteristics of higher risk patients that may benefit from the addition of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Shah
- Center for Real-world Effectiveness and Safety of Therapeutics (CREST), and Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Epidemiology and Drug Safety, IQVIA Real World Solutions, Wayne, PA.
| | - Ronac Mamtani
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Melina E Marmarelis
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sean Hennessy
- Center for Real-world Effectiveness and Safety of Therapeutics (CREST), and Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Miyazato Y, Tsuzuki S, Matsunaga A, Morioka S, Terada M, Saito S, Iwamoto N, Kutsuna S, Ishizaka Y, Ohmagari N. Association between SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike antibody titers and the development of post-COVID conditions: A retrospective observational study. Glob Health Med 2023; 5:106-111. [PMID: 37128226 PMCID: PMC10130543 DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2022.01070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The symptoms that persist after an acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are referred to as post- COVID conditions. Although the cause of post-COVID conditions remains unclear, the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 may be involved. Hence, we aimed to investigate the effect of serum antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 on the development of post-COVID conditions. We conducted a retrospective observational study of COVID-19-recovered individuals who attended the clinic at the National Center for Global Health and Medicine between January 2020 and April 2021. Serum SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike antibody titers were measured and a questionnaire survey was used to collect information on the presence of post-COVID conditions and demographic characteristics of the participants. Participants were then divided into two groups: high peak antibody titer group [≥ 0.759 OD450 value], and low peak antibody titer group [< 0.759 OD450 value] and compared their frequency of post-COVID conditions. Of 526 individuals attending the clinic, 457 (86.9%) responded to the questionnaire. We analyzed the data of 227 (49.7%) participants with measurements of serum antibody titers during the peak period. The incidence of depressed mood was significantly higher in the group with higher antibody titers (odds ratio: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.17-4.67, p = 0.016). There was no significant difference in the frequency of the remaining symptoms between the two groups. Among post-COVID conditions, the depressed mood was more frequent in the group with high serum antibody titers which suggests a difference in pathogenesis between depressive mood and other post-COVID conditions that requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Miyazato
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Tsuzuki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Akihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Intractable Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Morioka
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
- Address correspondence to:Shinichiro Morioka, Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan. E-mail:
| | - Mari Terada
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Saito
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Iwamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kutsuna
- Department of Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukihito Ishizaka
- Department of Intractable Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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