201
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Deng S, Zhou B, Li W, Li H, Zhang F, Ming J. Label-free fluorescence DNA walker for protein analysis based on terminal protection and dual enzyme assisted cleavage induced G-quadruplex/berberine conformation. Analyst 2020; 145:46-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01853k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of a simple, fast, cost-efficient and sensitive approach for accurate protein analysis is of high significance due to its potential application in disease diagnosis and biomedicine research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shue Deng
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang 261053
- China
| | - Baolong Zhou
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang 261053
- China
| | - Wenjing Li
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang 261053
- China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang 261053
- China
| | - Fenglian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang 261053
- China
| | - Jingjing Ming
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang 261053
- China
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202
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Dattler D, Fuks G, Heiser J, Moulin E, Perrot A, Yao X, Giuseppone N. Design of Collective Motions from Synthetic Molecular Switches, Rotors, and Motors. Chem Rev 2019; 120:310-433. [PMID: 31869214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over molecular movement is of fundamental and practical importance in physics, biology, and chemistry. At nanoscale, the peculiar functioning principles and the synthesis of individual molecular actuators and machines has been the subject of intense investigations and debates over the past 60 years. In this review, we focus on the design of collective motions that are achieved by integrating, in space and time, several or many of these individual mechanical units together. In particular, we provide an in-depth look at the intermolecular couplings used to physically connect a number of artificial mechanically active molecular units such as photochromic molecular switches, nanomachines based on mechanical bonds, molecular rotors, and light-powered rotary motors. We highlight the various functioning principles that can lead to their collective motion at various length scales. We also emphasize how their synchronized, or desynchronized, mechanical behavior can lead to emerging functional properties and to their implementation into new active devices and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Dattler
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Gad Fuks
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Joakim Heiser
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Alexis Perrot
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Xuyang Yao
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
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203
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Benda L, Doistau B, Rossi-Gendron C, Chamoreau LM, Hasenknopf B, Vives G. Substrate-dependent allosteric regulation by switchable catalytic molecular tweezers. Commun Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAllosteric regulation is exploited by biological systems to regulate the activity and/or selectivity of enzymatic reactions but remains a challenge for artificial catalysts. Here we report switchable terpy(Zn-salphen)2 molecular tweezers and their metal-dependent allosteric regulation of the acetylation of pyridinemethanol isomers. Zinc-salphen moieties can both act as a Lewis acid to activate the anhydride reagents and provide a binding site for pyridinemethanol substrates. The tweezers’ conformation can be reversibly switched between an open and a closed form by a metal ion stimulus. Both states offer distinct catalytic profiles, with closed tweezers showing superior catalytic activity towards ortho substrates, while open tweezers presenting higher rate for the acetylation of meta and para substrates. This notable substrate dependent allosteric response is rationalized by a combination of experimental results and calculations supporting a bimetallic reaction in the closed form for ortho substrate and an inhibition of the cavity for meta and para substrates.
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204
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Jin M, Yamamoto S, Seki T, Ito H, Garcia‐Garibay MA. Anisotropic Thermal Expansion as the Source of Macroscopic and Molecular Scale Motion in Phosphorescent Amphidynamic Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18003-18010. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingoo Jin
- University of California Los AngelesDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD)Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Sho Yamamoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center (FCC)Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Seki
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center (FCC)Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Hajime Ito
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center (FCC)Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD)Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Miguel A. Garcia‐Garibay
- University of California Los AngelesDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
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205
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Blackwell R, Jung D, Bukenberger M, Smith AS. The Impact of Rate Formulations on Stochastic Molecular Motor Dynamics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18373. [PMID: 31804523 PMCID: PMC6895049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells are complex structures which require considerable amounts of organization via transport of large intracellular cargo. While passive diffusion is often sufficiently fast for the transport of smaller cargo, active transport is necessary to organize large structures on the short timescales necessary for biological function. The main mechanism of this transport is by cargo attachment to motors which walk in a directed fashion along intracellular filaments. There are a number of models which seek to describe the motion of motors with attached cargo, from detailed microscopic to coarse phenomenological descriptions. We focus on the intermediate-detailed discrete stochastic hopping models, and explore how cargo transport changes depending on the number of motors, motor interaction, system constraints and rate formulations, which are derived from common thermodynamic assumptions. We find that, despite obeying the same detailed balance constraint, the choice of rate formulation considerably affects the characteristics of the overall motion of the system, with one rate formulation exhibiting novel behavior of loaded motor groups moving faster than a single unloaded motor.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Blackwell
- PULS group, Physics Department and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Jung
- PULS group, Physics Department and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Bukenberger
- PULS group, Physics Department and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - A-S Smith
- PULS group, Physics Department and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany. .,Group for Computational Life Sciences, Division of Physical Chemistry, Insitut Rūder Bošković, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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206
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Lu RQ, Yan XY, Zhu L, Yang LL, Qu H, Wang XC, Luo M, Wang Y, Chen R, Wang XY, Lan Y, Pei J, Weng W, Xia H, Cao XY. Unveiling how intramolecular stacking modes of covalently linked dimers dictate photoswitching properties. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5480. [PMID: 31792204 PMCID: PMC6889182 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13428-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalently linked π-stacked dimers represent the most significant platform for elucidating the relationship between molecular alignments and their properties. Here, we present the one-pot synthesis of two intramolecularly π-stacked dimers and disclose how intramolecular stacking modes dictate photoswitching properties. The dimer, which features cofacially stacked chromophores and geometrically favours intramolecular photochemical [2 + 2] cycloadditions, displays a nearly irreversible photoswitching behaviour. By contrast, the dimer, bearing crosswise stacked chromophores, is geometrically unfavourable for the cycloaddition and exhibits a highly reversible photoswitching process, in which the homolysis and reformation of carbon−carbon single bonds are involved. Moreover, the chiral carbon centres of both dimers endow these photoswitches with chirality and the separated enantiomers exhibit tuneable chiroptical properties by photoswitching. This work reveals that intramolecular stacking modes significantly influence the photochemical properties of π-stacked dimers and offers a design strategy toward chiral photoswitchable materials. Covalently bridged π-stacked dimers are excellent molecular platforms for understanding the relationship between stacking orientation and properties. Here, the authors synthesize a pair of π-stacked dimers that are aligned either cofacially or crosswise, allowing them to compare how the intramolecular stacking mode affects each dimer’s photoswitching properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Qiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China.,Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325-3909, USA
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 400030, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin-Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin-Chang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Ming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Rui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 400030, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), the Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Wengui Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China.
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207
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Roldán É, Vivo P. Exact distributions of currents and frenesy for Markov bridges. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:042108. [PMID: 31770868 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.042108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We consider discrete-time Markov bridges, chains whose initial and final states coincide. We derive exact finite-time formulae for the joint probability distributions of additive functionals of trajectories. We apply our theory to time-integrated currents and frenesy of enzymatic reactions, which may include absolutely irreversible transitions. We discuss the information that frenesy carries about the currents and show that bridges may violate known uncertainty relations in certain cases. Numerical simulations are in perfect agreement with our theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Édgar Roldán
- ICTP-The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Vivo
- Department of Mathematics, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
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208
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Roy Chowdhury S, Mishra S. Light-Induced Spin Crossover in an Intermediate-Spin Penta-Coordinated Iron(III) Complex. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9883-9892. [PMID: 31663743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b06490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
(PMe3)2FeCl3 is an Fe(III) complex that exists in the intermediate-spin ground state in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry. An electronic state with high-spin configuration lies in close vicinity to the ground state, making it a potential spin crossover candidate. A mechanistic account of the spin crossover from the lowest quartet state (Q0) to the lowest sextet state (S1) of this complex is provided by exploring both thermal and light-induced pathways. The presence of a large barrier between the two spin states suggests a possible thermal spin crossover at a rather high temperature. The light-induced spin crossover is investigated by employing complete active space self-consistent field calculations together with dynamic correlation and spin-orbit coupling for the lowest seven quartet and lowest five sextet states. The system in the Q0 state upon light absorption is excited to the optically bright Q4 LMCT state. By following minimum energy pathways along the electronic states, two light-induced pathways for spin crossover are identified. From the Q4 state, the system can photo-regenerate the ground intermediate-spin state (Q0) through an internal conversion of Q4/Q3 followed by Q3/S1 and S1/Q0 intersystem crossings. In an alternate route, through Q4/S2 intersystem crossing followed by S2/S1 internal conversion, the system can complete the spin crossover from the Q0 to S1 state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur , West Bengal 721302 , India
| | - Sabyashachi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur , West Bengal 721302 , India
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209
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Kumpulainen T, Panman MR, Bakker BH, Hilbers M, Woutersen S, Brouwer AM. Accelerating the Shuttling in Hydrogen-Bonded Rotaxanes: Active Role of the Axle and the End Station. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:19118-19129. [PMID: 31697078 PMCID: PMC6923795 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The relation between the chemical structure and the mechanical
behavior of molecular machines is of paramount importance for a rational
design of superior nanomachines. Here, we report on a mechanistic
study of a nanometer scale translational movement in two bistable
rotaxanes. Both rotaxanes consist of a tetra-amide macrocycle interlocked
onto a polyether axle. The macrocycle can shuttle between an initial
succinamide station and a 3,6-dihydroxy- or 3,6-di-tert-butyl-1,8-naphthalimide end stations. Translocation of the macrocycle
is controlled by a hydrogen-bonding equilibrium between the stations.
The equilibrium can be perturbed photochemically by either intermolecular
proton or electron transfer depending on the system. To the best of
our knowledge, utilization of proton transfer from a conventional
photoacid for the operation of a molecular machine is demonstrated
for the first time. The shuttling dynamics are monitored by means
of UV–vis and IR transient absorption spectroscopies. The polyether
axle accelerates the shuttling by ∼70% compared to a structurally
similar rotaxane with an all-alkane thread of the same length. The
acceleration is attributed to a decrease in activation energy due
to an early transition state where the macrocycle partially hydrogen
bonds to the ether group of the axle. The dihydroxyrotaxane exhibits
the fastest shuttling speed over a nanometer distance (τshuttling ≈ 30 ns) reported to date. The shuttling in
this case is proposed to take place via a so-called harpooning mechanism
where the transition state involves a folded conformation due to the
hydrogen-bonding interactions with the hydroxyl groups of the end
station.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatu Kumpulainen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs R Panman
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Bert H Bakker
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Hilbers
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Sander Woutersen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Albert M Brouwer
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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210
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Wang C, Wu G, Zhu J, Jiao T, Zhang Y, Li H. An Octacationic [2]Catenane Formed by Oxime Condensation: A Bistable Molecular Switch. Chempluschem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cai‐Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Guangcheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Jiao
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
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211
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MacDonald TSC, Price WS, Astumian RD, Beves JE. Enhanced Diffusion of Molecular Catalysts is Due to Convection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18864-18867. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - William S. Price
- Nanoscale Group School of Science and Health Western Sydney University Penrith NSW 2751 Australia
| | - R. Dean Astumian
- Department of Physics University of Maine Orono ME 04469-5709 USA
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212
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MacDonald TSC, Price WS, Astumian RD, Beves JE. Enhanced Diffusion of Molecular Catalysts is Due to Convection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - William S. Price
- Nanoscale Group School of Science and Health Western Sydney University Penrith NSW 2751 Australia
| | - R. Dean Astumian
- Department of Physics University of Maine Orono ME 04469-5709 USA
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213
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Paul I, Ghosh A, Bolte M, Schmittel M. Remote Control of the Synthesis of a [2]Rotaxane and its Shuttling via Metal-Ion Translocation. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:1355-1360. [PMID: 31763127 PMCID: PMC6863578 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Remote control in an eight-component network commanded both the synthesis and shuttling of a [2]rotaxane via metal-ion translocation, the latter being easily monitored by distinct colorimetric and fluorimetric signals. Addition of zinc(II) ions to the red colored copper-ion relay station rapidly liberated copper(I) ions and afforded the corresponding zinc complex that was visualized by a bright sky blue fluorescence at 460 nm. In a mixture of all eight components of the network, the liberated copper(I) ions were translocated to a macrocycle that catalyzed formation of a rotaxane by a double-click reaction of acetylenic and diazide compounds. The shuttling frequency in the copper-loaded [2]rotaxane was determined to k 298=30 kHz (ΔH ≠=62.3±0.6 kJ mol-1, ΔS ≠=50.1±5.1 J mol-1 K-1, ΔG ≠ 298=47.4 kJ mol-1). Removal of zinc(II) ions from the mixture reversed the system back generating the metal-free rotaxane. Further alternate addition and removal of Zn2+ reversibly controlled the shuttling mode of the rotaxane in this eight-component network where the ion translocation status was monitored by the naked eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Paul
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie IUniversität SiegenAdolf-Reichwein-Str. 2D-57068SiegenGermany
| | - Amit Ghosh
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie IUniversität SiegenAdolf-Reichwein-Str. 2D-57068SiegenGermany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieGoethe-Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 7D-60438Frankfurt (Main)Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie IUniversität SiegenAdolf-Reichwein-Str. 2D-57068SiegenGermany
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214
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Alapan Y, Yigit B, Beker O, Demirörs AF, Sitti M. Shape-encoded dynamic assembly of mobile micromachines. NATURE MATERIALS 2019; 18:1244-1251. [PMID: 31235903 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Field-directed and self-propelled colloidal assembly have been used to build micromachines capable of performing complex motions and functions. However, integrating heterogeneous components into micromachines with specified structure, dynamics and function is still challenging. Here, we describe the dynamic self-assembly of mobile micromachines with desired configurations through pre-programmed physical interactions between structural and motor units. The assembly is driven by dielectrophoretic interactions, encoded in the three-dimensional shape of the individual parts. Micromachines assembled from magnetic and self-propelled motor parts exhibit reconfigurable locomotion modes and additional rotational degrees of freedom that are not available to conventional monolithic microrobots. The versatility of this site-selective assembly strategy is demonstrated on different reconfigurable, hierarchical and three-dimensional micromachine assemblies. Our results demonstrate how shape-encoded assembly pathways enable programmable, reconfigurable mobile micromachines. We anticipate that the presented design principle will advance and inspire the development of more sophisticated, modular micromachines and their integration into multiscale hierarchical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Alapan
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Berk Yigit
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Onur Beker
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ahmet F Demirörs
- Complex Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Metin Sitti
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany.
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215
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Abstract
Glycosyl donors functionalized with 2,2'-bipyridine moieties on the 3-OH and 6-OH or the 2-OH and 4-OH undergo a conformational change when forming 1:1 complexes with Zn2+ ions. The pyranoside ring of the zinc complexes adopted axial-rich skew boat conformations. The reactivities of the two glycosyl donors were investigated by performing a series of glycosylations in the presence or absence of Zn2+ ions. These glycosylations suggested a decrease in reactivity when binding Zn2+. The conformational effect of binding Zn2+ was therefore studied using a third glycosyl donor, unable to undergo conformational changes when binding Zn2+. From competition experiments, it was observed that the binding-induced conformational change increased the reactivity slightly compared to the glycosyl donor unable to undergo a conformational change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Holmstrøm
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Christian Marcus Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
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216
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David AHG, Casares R, Cuerva JM, Campaña AG, Blanco V. A [2]Rotaxane-Based Circularly Polarized Luminescence Switch. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18064-18074. [PMID: 31638802 PMCID: PMC6975276 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A rotaxane-based molecular shuttle
has been synthesized in which
the switching of the position of a fluorescent macrocycle on the thread
turns “on” or “off” the circularly polarized
luminescence (CPL) of the system while maintaining similar fluorescence
profiles and quantum yields in both states. The chiroptical activity
relies on the chiral information transfer from an ammonium salt incorporating d- or l-phenylalanine residues as chiral stereogenic
covalent units to an otherwise achiral crown ether macrocycle bearing
a luminescent 2,2′-bipyrene unit when they interact through
hydrogen bonding. Each enantiomeric thread induces CPL responses of
opposite signs on the macrocycle. Upon addition of base, the switching
of the position of the macrocycle to a triazolium group disables the
chiral information transfer to the macrocycle, switching “off”
the CPL response. The in situ switching upon several acid/base cycles
is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur H G David
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ) , Universidad de Granada (UGR) , Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N , Granada 18071 , Spain
| | - Raquel Casares
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ) , Universidad de Granada (UGR) , Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N , Granada 18071 , Spain
| | - Juan M Cuerva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ) , Universidad de Granada (UGR) , Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N , Granada 18071 , Spain
| | - Araceli G Campaña
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ) , Universidad de Granada (UGR) , Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N , Granada 18071 , Spain
| | - Victor Blanco
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ) , Universidad de Granada (UGR) , Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N , Granada 18071 , Spain
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217
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Jin M, Yamamoto S, Seki T, Ito H, Garcia‐Garibay MA. Anisotropic Thermal Expansion as the Source of Macroscopic and Molecular Scale Motion in Phosphorescent Amphidynamic Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingoo Jin
- University of California Los AngelesDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD)Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Sho Yamamoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center (FCC)Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Seki
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center (FCC)Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Hajime Ito
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center (FCC)Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD)Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Miguel A. Garcia‐Garibay
- University of California Los AngelesDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
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218
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Zhang S, Zhang C, Chen H, Kieffer SJ, Neubrech F, Giessen H, Alleyne AG, Braun PV. Selective Autonomous Molecular Transport and Collection by Hydrogel‐Embedded Supramolecular Chemical Gradients. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18165-18170. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Chunjie Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- Present address: 3M Company 3M Center St. Paul MN 55144 USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Spencer J. Kieffer
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Frank Neubrech
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 57 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Harald Giessen
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 57 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Andrew G. Alleyne
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Paul V. Braun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
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219
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Zhang S, Zhang C, Chen H, Kieffer SJ, Neubrech F, Giessen H, Alleyne AG, Braun PV. Selective Autonomous Molecular Transport and Collection by Hydrogel‐Embedded Supramolecular Chemical Gradients. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Chunjie Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- Present address: 3M Company 3M Center St. Paul MN 55144 USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Spencer J. Kieffer
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Frank Neubrech
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 57 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Harald Giessen
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 57 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Andrew G. Alleyne
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Paul V. Braun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
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220
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Collins MS, Shear TA, Smith EK, Strain SM, Zakharov LN, Johnson DW. Self-Assembly of a Trithioorthoformate-Capped Cyclophane and Its Endohedral Inclusion of a Methine Group. Chemistry 2019; 25:13290-13293. [PMID: 31456286 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An unusual trithioorthoformate-capped cyclophane cage was assembled via antimony-activated iodine oxidation of thiols as confirmed by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The disulfide bridges can undergo desulfurization with hexamethylphosphorous triamide (HMPT) at ambient temperature to capture a trithioether cyclophane cage capped by the trithioorthoformate. In both cages a methine proton points directly into the small cavity. This unexpected structure is hypothesized to have formed as a result of haloform insertion during oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary S Collins
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
| | - Trevor A Shear
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Smith
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
| | - S Michael Strain
- CAMCOR-Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1443, USA
| | - Lev N Zakharov
- CAMCOR-Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1443, USA
| | - Darren W Johnson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
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221
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Elnabawy E, Hassanain AH, Shehata N, Popelka A, Nair R, Yousef S, Kandas I. Piezoelastic PVDF/TPU Nanofibrous Composite Membrane: Fabrication and Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1634. [PMID: 31658601 PMCID: PMC6836188 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (vinylidene fluoride) nanofibers (PVDF NFs) have been extensively used in energy harvesting applications due to their promising piezoresponse characteristics. However, the mechanical properties of the generated fibers are still lacking. Therefore, we are presenting in this work a promising improvement in the elasticity properties of PVDF nanofibrous membrane through thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) additives. Morphological, physical, and mechanical analyses were performed for membranes developed from different blend ratios. Then, the impact of added weight ratio of TPU on the piezoelectric response of the formed nanofibrous composite membranes was studied. The piezoelectric characteristics were studied through impulse loading testing where the electric voltage had been detected under applied mass weights. Piezoelectric characteristics were investigated further through a pressure mode test the developed nanofibrous composite membranes were found to be mechanically deformed under applied electric potential. This work introduces promising high elastic piezoelectric materials that can be used in a wide variety of applications including energy harvesting, wearable electronics, self-cleaning filters, and motion/vibration sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Elnabawy
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics (CSNP), SmartCI Research Center of Excellence, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed H Hassanain
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics (CSNP), SmartCI Research Center of Excellence, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt.
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt.
| | - Nader Shehata
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics (CSNP), SmartCI Research Center of Excellence, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt.
- Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt.
- Department of Physics, Kuwait College of Science and Technology (KCST), Jahraa 13133, Kuwait.
- Faculty of Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84341, USA.
- The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Anton Popelka
- Center of Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Remya Nair
- Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt.
| | - Saifallah Yousef
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics (CSNP), SmartCI Research Center of Excellence, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt.
| | - Ishac Kandas
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics (CSNP), SmartCI Research Center of Excellence, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt.
- Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt.
- Department of Physics, Kuwait College of Science and Technology (KCST), Jahraa 13133, Kuwait.
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222
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Rozenbaum VM, Shapochkina IV, Teranishi Y, Trakhtenberg LI. Symmetry of deterministic ratchets. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:022115. [PMID: 31574767 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.022115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We consider the overdamped motion of a Brownian particle in an unbiased force field described by a periodic function of coordinate and time. A compact analytical representation has been obtained for the average particle velocity as a series in the inverse friction coefficient, from which follows a simple and clear proof of hidden symmetries of ratchets, reflecting the symmetry of summation indices of the applied force harmonics relative to their numbering from left to right and from right to left. We revealed the conditions under which (i) the ratchet effect is absent; (ii) the ratchet average velocity is an even or odd functional of the applied force, whose dependences on spatial and temporal variables are characterized by periodic functions of the main types of symmetries: shift, symmetric, and antisymmetric, and universal, which combines all three types. These conditions have been specified for forces with those dependences of a multiplicative (or additive-multiplicative) and additive structure describing two main ratchet types, pulsating and forced ratchets. We found the fundamental difference in dependences of the average velocity of pulsating and forced ratchets on parameters of spatial and temporal asymmetry of potential energy of a particle for systems in which the spatial and temporal dependence is described by a sawtooth potential and a deterministic dichotomous process, respectively. In particular, it is shown that a pulsating ratchet with a multiplicative structure of its potential energy cannot move directionally if the energy is of the universal symmetry type in time; this restriction is removed in the inertial regime, but only if the coordinate dependence of the energy does not belong to either symmetric or antisymmetric functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Rozenbaum
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Generala Naumova Street 17, Kiev 03164, Ukraine
| | - I V Shapochkina
- Department of Physics, Belarusian State University, Prospekt Nezavisimosti 4, Minsk 220030, Belarus
| | - Y Teranishi
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - L I Trakhtenberg
- Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin Street 4, Moscow 119991, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky Lane 9, Dolgoprudny 141700, Moscow Region, Russia; and Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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223
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Gerwien A, Mayer P, Dube H. Green light powered molecular state motor enabling eight-shaped unidirectional rotation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4449. [PMID: 31575868 PMCID: PMC6773862 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular motors convert external energy into directional motions at the nano-scales. To date unidirectional circular rotations and linear motions have been realized but more complex directional trajectories remain unexplored on the molecular level. In this work we present a molecular motor powered by green light allowing to produce an eight-shaped geometry change during its unidirectional rotation around the central molecular axis. Motor motion proceeds in four different steps, which alternate between light powered double bond isomerizations and thermal hula-twist isomerizations. The result is a fixed sequence of populating four different isomers in a fully unidirectional trajectory possessing one crossing point. This motor system opens up unexplored avenues for the construction and mechanisms of molecular machines and will therefore not only significantly expand the toolbox of responsive molecular devices but also enable very different applications in the field of miniaturized technology than currently possible. Molecular motors have predominantly been limited to circular or linear directional motions. Here, the authors design a molecular motor that moves unidirectionally along a more complex figure-eight trajectory by a distinct four-step mechanism that alternates between photochemical and thermal reaction steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Gerwien
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSM, Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSM, Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Henry Dube
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSM, Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, München, Germany.
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224
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Kalinin SV, Dyck O, Balke N, Neumayer S, Tsai WY, Vasudevan R, Lingerfelt D, Ahmadi M, Ziatdinov M, McDowell MT, Strelcov E. Toward Electrochemical Studies on the Nanometer and Atomic Scales: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9735-9780. [PMID: 31433942 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical reactions and ionic transport underpin the operation of a broad range of devices and applications, from energy storage and conversion to information technologies, as well as biochemical processes, artificial muscles, and soft actuators. Understanding the mechanisms governing function of these applications requires probing local electrochemical phenomena on the relevant time and length scales. Here, we discuss the challenges and opportunities for extending electrochemical characterization probes to the nanometer and ultimately atomic scales, including challenges in down-scaling classical methods, the emergence of novel probes enabled by nanotechnology and based on emergent physics and chemistry of nanoscale systems, and the integration of local data into macroscopic models. Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) methods based on strain detection, potential detection, and hysteretic current measurements are discussed. We further compare SPM to electron beam probes and discuss the applicability of electron beam methods to probe local electrochemical behavior on the mesoscopic and atomic levels. Similar to a SPM tip, the electron beam can be used both for observing behavior and as an active electrode to induce reactions. We briefly discuss new challenges and opportunities for conducting fundamental scientific studies, matter patterning, and atomic manipulation arising in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei V Kalinin
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Ondrej Dyck
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Nina Balke
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Sabine Neumayer
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Wan-Yu Tsai
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Rama Vasudevan
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - David Lingerfelt
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Mahshid Ahmadi
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
| | - Maxim Ziatdinov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Matthew T McDowell
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Evgheni Strelcov
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
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225
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Romero-Muñiz C, Paredes-Roibás D, Hernanz A, Gavira-Vallejo JM. A comprehensive study of the molecular vibrations in solid-state benzylic amide [2]catenane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19538-19547. [PMID: 31463506 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03053k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The interpretation of vibrational spectra is often complex but a detailed knowledge of the normal modes responsible for the experimental bands provides valuable information about the molecular structure of the sample. In this work we record and assign in detail the infrared (IR) spectrum of the benzylic amide [2]catenane, a complex molecular solid displaying crimped mechanical bonds like the links of a chain. In spite of the large size of the unit cell, we calculate all the vibrational modes of the catenane crystal using quantum first-principles calculations. The activity of each mode is also evaluated using the Born effective charges approach and a theoretical spectrum is constructed for comparison purposes. We find a remarkable agreement between the calculations and the experimental results without the need to apply any further empirical correction or fitting to the eigenfrequencies. A detailed description in terms of the usual internal coordinates is provided for over 1000 normal modes. This thorough analysis allows us to perform the complete assignment of the spectrum, revealing the nature of the most active modes responsible for the IR features. Finally, we compare the obtained results with those of Raman spectroscopy, studying the effects of the rule of mutual exclusion in vibrational spectroscopy according to the different levels of molecular symmetry embedded in this mechanically interlocked molecular compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Romero-Muñiz
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Denís Paredes-Roibás
- Departamento de Ciencias y Técnicas Fisicoquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Paseo de la Senda del Rey 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernanz
- Departamento de Ciencias y Técnicas Fisicoquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Paseo de la Senda del Rey 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Gavira-Vallejo
- Departamento de Ciencias y Técnicas Fisicoquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Paseo de la Senda del Rey 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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226
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadiel Saper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Henry Hess
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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227
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Zheng L, Cui J, Jiang W. Biomimetic Synchronized Motion of Two Interacting Macrocycles in [3]Rotaxane‐Based Molecular Shuttles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Shuo Zheng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Xueyuan Blvd 1088 Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jie‐Shun Cui
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Xueyuan Blvd 1088 Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Xueyuan Blvd 1088 Shenzhen 518055 China
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228
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Zheng L, Cui J, Jiang W. Biomimetic Synchronized Motion of Two Interacting Macrocycles in [3]Rotaxane‐Based Molecular Shuttles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15136-15141. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Shuo Zheng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Xueyuan Blvd 1088 Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jie‐Shun Cui
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Xueyuan Blvd 1088 Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Xueyuan Blvd 1088 Shenzhen 518055 China
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229
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Host–guest interactions of a twisted cucurbit[15]uril with paraquat derivatives and bispyridinium salts. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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230
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Ruyonga MR, Mendoza O, Samoshin VV. trans-2-(Azaarylsulfanyl)cyclohexanol derivatives as potential pH-triggered conformational switches. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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231
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Peddie V, Abell AD. Photocontrol of peptide secondary structure through non-azobenzene photoswitches. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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232
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Man JYH, Au-Yeung HY. Synthesis of a [6]rotaxane with singly threaded γ-cyclodextrins as a single stereoisomer. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1829-1837. [PMID: 31467603 PMCID: PMC6693375 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of hetero [4]-, [5]- and [6]rotaxanes containing both cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) and γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) as the macrocyclic components have been synthesized via a threading-followed-by-stoppering approach. Due to the orthogonal binding of CB[6] to ammonium and γ-CD to biphenylene/tetra(ethylene glycol), the [n]rotaxanes display a specific sequence of the interlocked macrocycles. In addition, despite of the asymmetry of γ-CD with respect to the orthogonal plane of the axle, only one stereoisomer of the [6]rotaxane was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Yin Hei Man
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Ho Yu Au-Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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233
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Abstract
Directed motion at the nanoscale is a central attribute of life, and chemically driven motor proteins are nature's choice to accomplish it. Motivated and inspired by such bionanodevices, in the past few decades chemists have developed artificial prototypes of molecular motors, namely, multicomponent synthetic species that exhibit directionally controlled, stimuli-induced movements of their parts. In this context, photonic and redox stimuli represent highly appealing modes of activation, particularly from a technological viewpoint. Here we describe the evolution of the field of photo- and redox-driven artificial molecular motors, and we provide a comprehensive review of the work published in the past 5 years. After an analysis of the general principles that govern controlled and directed movement at the molecular scale, we describe the fundamental photochemical and redox processes that can enable its realization. The main classes of light- and redox-driven molecular motors are illustrated, with a particular focus on recent designs, and a thorough description of the functions performed by these kinds of devices according to literature reports is presented. Limitations, challenges, and future perspectives of the field are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Baroncini
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Istituto ISOF-CNR , via Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari , Università di Bologna , viale Fanin 44 , 40127 Bologna , Italy
| | - Serena Silvi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Istituto ISOF-CNR , via Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician" , Università di Bologna , via Selmi 2 , 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Alberto Credi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Istituto ISOF-CNR , via Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari , Università di Bologna , viale Fanin 44 , 40127 Bologna , Italy
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234
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Xiao M, Wang X, Li L, Pei H. Stochastic RNA Walkers for Intracellular MicroRNA Imaging. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11253-11258. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingshu Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiwei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, People’s Republic of China
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235
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Dolev S, Narayanan RP, Rosenblit M. Design of nanorobots for exposing cancer cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:315501. [PMID: 30965304 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We discuss in detail, the design of a nanorobot that can navigate, detect cancer cells in the blood and actuate the exposure of drugs. The nanorobot is designed with blood energy harvesting capability and the accumulation of electricity in a capacitor, which forms the main body of the nanorobot. Glucose hunger-based cancer detectors immobilized on a carbon nanotube sensor, reduces its electrical resistance when attached to a cancer cell. This mechanism in turn allows electric current to activate a nano-electrical-mechanical relay (mechanical transistor) to break the chamber ceiling exposing a drug identified by the immune system for cell elimination. This concept is in line with the effort to design an autonomous computational nanorobot for in vivo medical diagnosis and treatment. We present this facile approach to design a collective system to visualize the programmability in nanorobots. The calculations and simulation results provide a proof-of-concept towards a plausible implementation. Through this work, we present an overall picture towards an inorganic autonomous computational nanorobot for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomi Dolev
- Department of Computer Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
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236
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Zhang ZX, Zhang T, Shi PP, Zhang WY, Ye Q, Fu DW. Anion-Regulated Molecular Rotor Crystal: The First Case of a Stator-Rotator Double Switch with Relaxation Behavior. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4237-4244. [PMID: 31295405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Molecular rotational motion is crucial in artificial molecular machines and is expected to be very significant for the development of an electronic information molecular machine as mentioned in the 2016 Nobel Prize. However, controlling multiple motor modes is a huge challenge. Here, we report a case in which the structural phase transition effectively triggers multiple motor modes by regulating the rotational speed of the cation and/or anion. A novel switchable crystalline supramolecular rotor, [(cyclohexylammonium)(18-crown-6)] FSO3 (1), exhibits prominent temperature-dependent double switching behavior at 157.9 and 389.1 K induced by the variation of the rotational speed of the FSO3- anion (which acts as a super miniature rotator) in response to temperature. Moreover, it exhibits significant relaxation behavior and excellent pyroelectric switch characteristics. To the best of our knowledge, this might be the first discovery of the stator-rotator double switch with a relaxation effect, which could be a promising candidate for a slow/fast responsive double switch over a wide temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Tie Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Ping-Ping Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Wan-Ying Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Qiong Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Da-Wei Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
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237
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Adam A, Mehrparvar S, Haberhauer G. An azobenzene container showing a definite folding - synthesis and structural investigation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1534-1544. [PMID: 31354872 PMCID: PMC6633880 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of photo-switchable units with macrocycles is a very interesting field in supramolecular chemistry. Here, we present the synthesis of a foldable container consisting of two different types of Lissoclinum macrocyclic peptides which are connected via two azobenzene units. The container is controllable by light: irradiation with UV light causes a switching process to the compact cis,cis-isomer, whereas by the use of visible light the stretched trans,trans-isomer is formed. By means of quantum chemical calculations and CD spectroscopy we could show that the trans→cis isomerization is spatially directed; that means that one of the two different macrocycles performs a definite clockwise rotation to the other, caused by irradiation with UV light. For the cis→trans isomerization counterclockwise rotations are found. Furthermore, quantum chemical calculations reveal that the energy of the cis,cis-isomer is only slightly higher than the energy of the cis,trans-isomer. This effect can be explained by the high dispersion energy in the compact cis,cis-isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulselam Adam
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Saber Mehrparvar
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
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238
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239
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Li G, Tu ZC. Stochastic thermodynamics with odd controlling parameters. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:012127. [PMID: 31499855 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.012127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stochastic thermodynamics extends the notions and relations of classical thermodynamics to small systems that experience strong fluctuations. The definitions of work and heat and the microscopically reversible condition are two key concepts in the current framework of stochastic thermodynamics. Herein, we apply stochastic thermodynamics to small systems with odd controlling parameters and find that the definition of heat and the microscopically reversible condition are incompatible. Such a contradiction also leads to a revision to the fluctuation theorems and nonequilibrium work relations. By introducing adjoint dynamics, we find that the total entropy production can be separated into three parts, with two of them satisfying the integral fluctuation theorem. Revising the definitions of work and heat and the microscopically reversible condition allows us to derive two sets of modified nonequilibrium work relations, including the Jarzynski equality, the detailed Crooks work relation, and the integral Crooks work relation. We consider the strategy of shortcuts to isothermality as an example and give a more sophisticated explanation for the Jarzynski-like equality derived from shortcuts to isothermality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Li
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Z C Tu
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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240
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A platinum(II) molecular hinge with motions visualized by phosphorescence changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13856-13861. [PMID: 31243146 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1908034116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapidly growing exploration of artificial molecular machines and their applications, there is a strong demand to develop molecular machines that can have their motional states and configuration/conformation changes detectable by more sensitive and innovative methods. A visual artificial molecular hinge with phosphorescence behavior changes is designed and synthesized using square-planar cyclometalated platinum(II) complex and rigid aromatic alkynyl groups as the building blocks to construct the wings/flaps and axis, respectively. The molecular motions of this single molecular hinge and its reversible processes can be powered by both solvent and temperature changes. The rotary motion can be conveniently observed by the visual phosphorescence changes from deep-red to green emission in real time.
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241
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Aeschi Y, Jucker L, Häussinger D, Mayor M. Slow Formation of Pseudorotaxanes in Water. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yves Aeschi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute; University of Basel; Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Laurent Jucker
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute; University of Basel; Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Institute for Nanotechnology (INT); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); P. O. Box 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM); School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU); 510275 Guangzhou China
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242
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Slochower DR, Gilson MK. Motor-like Properties of Nonmotor Enzymes. Biophys J 2019; 114:2174-2179. [PMID: 29742410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular motors are thought to generate force and directional motion via nonequilibrium switching between energy surfaces. Because all enzymes can undergo such switching, we hypothesized that the ability to generate rotary motion and torque is not unique to highly adapted biological motor proteins but is instead a common feature of enzymes. We used molecular dynamics simulations to compute energy surfaces for hundreds of torsions in three enzymes-adenosine kinase, protein kinase A, and HIV-1 protease-and used these energy surfaces within a kinetic model that accounts for intersurface switching and intrasurface probability flows. When substrate is out of equilibrium with product, we find computed torsion rotation rates up ∼140 cycles s-1, with stall torques up to ∼2 kcal mol-1 cycle-1, and power outputs up to ∼50 kcal mol-1 s-1. We argue that these enzymes are instances of a general phenomenon of directional probability flows on asymmetric energy surfaces for systems out of equilibrium. Thus, we conjecture that cyclic probability fluxes, corresponding to rotations of torsions and higher-order collective variables, exist in any chiral molecule driven between states in a nonequilibrium manner; we call this the "Asymmetry-Directionality" conjecture. This is expected to apply as well to synthetic chiral molecules switched in a nonequilibrium manner between energy surfaces by light, redox chemistry, or catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Slochower
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Michael K Gilson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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243
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Chang Y, Wu Z, Sun Q, Zhuo Y, Chai Y, Yuan R. Simply Constructed and Highly Efficient Classified Cargo-Discharge DNA Robot: A DNA Walking Nanomachine Platform for Ultrasensitive Multiplexed Sensing. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8123-8128. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Chang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Zhongyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Qianxin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ying Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yaqin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
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244
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Chen X, Raab SA, Poe T, Clemmer DE, Larriba-Andaluz C. Determination of Gas-Phase Ion Structures of Locally Polar Homopolymers Through High-Resolution Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:905-918. [PMID: 30993642 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The strong synergy arising from coupling two orthogonal analytical techniques such as ion mobility and mass spectrometry can be used to separate complex mixtures and determine structural information of analytes in the gas phase. A tandem study is performed using two systems with different gases and pressures to ascertain gas-phase conformations of homopolymer ions. Aside from spherical and stretched configurations, intermediate configurations formed by a multiply charged globule and a "bead-on-a-string" appendix are confirmed for polyethylene-glycol (PEG), polycaprolactone (PCL), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). These intermediate configurations are shown to be ubiquitous for all charge states and masses present. For each charge state, configurations evolve in two distinctive patterns: an inverse evolution which occurs as an elementary charge attached to the polymer leaves the larger globule and incorporates itself into the appendage, and a forward evolution which reduces the globule without relinquishing a charge while leaving the appendix relatively constant. Forward evolutions are confirmed to form self-similar family shapes that transcend charge states for all polymers. Identical structural changes occur at the same mass over charge regardless of the system, gas or pressure strongly suggesting that conformations are only contingent on number of charges and chain length, and start arranging once the ion is at least partially ejected from the droplet, supporting a charge extrusion mechanism. Configurational changes are smoother for PDMS which is attributed to the larger steric hindrance caused by protruding pendant groups. This study has implications in the study of the configurational space of more complex homopolymers and heteropolymers. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUPUI, 723 W Michigan st, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue Universiy, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Shannon A Raab
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Timothy Poe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUPUI, 723 W Michigan st, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - David E Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Carlos Larriba-Andaluz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUPUI, 723 W Michigan st, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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245
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Heinke L, Wöll C. Surface-Mounted Metal-Organic Frameworks: Crystalline and Porous Molecular Assemblies for Fundamental Insights and Advanced Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806324. [PMID: 30701602 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline coordination polymers, assembled from inorganic nodes connected by organic linker molecules. An enormous surface area, huge compositional variety, regular structure, and favorable mechanical properties are among their outstanding properties. Monolithic MOF thin films, i.e., surface-mounted metal-organic frameworks (SURMOFs), with high degree of structural order and adjustable defect density, can be prepared on solid substrates using layer-by-layer techniques. Recent studies where SURMOFs served as model systems for quantitative studies of molecular interactions in porous media, including diffusion, are reviewed. Moreover, SURMOFs are ideally suited for the incorporation of photoactive molecules as well as to study electrical transport through crystalline molecular assemblies. Recent work has demonstrated that the realization of crystalline chromophore assemblies via the SURMOF approach allows the study of fundamental aspects of exciton transport, exciton channeling, and photon upconversion at internal interfaces in organic semiconductor materials. Due to their crystalline nature, MOF materials are well suited for quantitative comparisons with theoretical results; especially, since defect densities and types can be characterized and varied in a straightforward fashion. The active role of these nanoporous films in advanced applications, like for remote-controlled release of molecules, membranes with photoswitchable selectivity, and ion-conductors with adjustable conductivity, are also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Heinke
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christof Wöll
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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246
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Howe ME, Garcia-Garibay MA. The Roles of Intrinsic Barriers and Crystal Fluidity in Determining the Dynamics of Crystalline Molecular Rotors and Molecular Machines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:9835-9849. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E. Howe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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247
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Park M, Hong KI, Kang M, Kim TW, Lee H, Jang WD, Jeong KU. Hierarchical Hybrid Nanostructures Constructed by Fullerene and Molecular Tweezer. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6101-6112. [PMID: 31042357 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For the construction of well-defined hierarchical superstructures of pristine [60]fullerene (C60) arrays, pyrene-based molecular tweezers (PT) were used as host molecules for catching and arranging C60 guest molecules. The formation of host-guest complexes was systematically studied in solution as well as in the solid state. Two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies revealed that PT-host and C60-guest complexes were closely related to the molecular self-assembly of PT. Ultraviolet and fluorescence spectroscopic titrations indicated the formation of stable 1:1 and 2:1 (PT/C60) complexes. From the nonlinear curve-fitting analysis, equilibrium constants for the 1:1 (log K1) and 2:1 (log K2) complexes were estimated to be 4.96 and 5.01, respectively. X-ray diffraction results combined with transmission electron microscopy observations clearly exhibited the construction of well-defined layered superstructures of the PT-host and C60-guest complexes. From electron mobility measurements, it was demonstrated that the well-defined hierarchical hybrid nanostructure incorporating a C60 array exhibited a high electron mobility of 1.7 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1. This study can provide a guideline for the hierarchical hybrid nanostructures of host-guest complex and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwook Park
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Department of BIN Convergence Technology , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Jeonbuk 54896 , Korea
| | - Kyeong-Im Hong
- Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Minji Kang
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Jeonju , Jeonbuk 565-905 , Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kim
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Jeonju , Jeonbuk 565-905 , Korea
| | - Hosoowi Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Woo-Dong Jang
- Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Kwang-Un Jeong
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Department of BIN Convergence Technology , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Jeonbuk 54896 , Korea
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248
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Liu Z, Leong J, Nimmrichter S, Scarani V. Quantum gears from planar rotors. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:042202. [PMID: 31108702 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.042202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the dynamics of interacting quantum planar rotors as the building blocks of gear trains and nanomachinery operating in the quantum regime. Contrary to a classical hard-gear scenario of rigidly interlocked teeth, we consider the coherent contactless coupling through a finite interlocking potential, and we study the transmission of motion from one externally driven gear to the next as a function of the coupling parameters and gear profile. The transmission is assessed in terms of transferred angular momentum and transferred mechanical work. We highlight the quantum features of the model such as quantum state revivals in the interlocked rotation and interference-enhanced transmission, which could be observed in prospective rotational optomechanics experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Joshua Leong
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Stefan Nimmrichter
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Valerio Scarani
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117542, Singapore
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249
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Baggi G, Casimiro L, Baroncini M, Silvi S, Credi A, Loeb SJ. Threading-gated photochromism in [2]pseudorotaxanes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5104-5113. [PMID: 31183062 PMCID: PMC6524668 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00913b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rigid, Y-shaped imidazole compounds containing the bis(thienyl)ethene moiety were designed and synthesized. The 4,5-bis(benzothienyl)-2-phenylimidazolium cations were then used as axles for [2]pseudorotaxane formation with 24-membered crown ether wheels. It was demonstrated using 1H NMR spectroscopy, UV-Vis absorption and emission spectroscopies that this host-guest interaction results in significant changes in the photochromic properties of the imidazolium axles. This is a rare example of gated photochromism, which exploits the recognition event of an interpenetrated molecular system to tune the photochromic properties in one of the components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , ON N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| | - Lorenzo Casimiro
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician" , Università di Bologna , 40126 Bologna , Italy .
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Università di Bologna , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , 40129 Bologna , Italy
| | - Massimo Baroncini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari , Università di Bologna , 40127 Bologna , Italy
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Università di Bologna , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , 40129 Bologna , Italy
| | - Serena Silvi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician" , Università di Bologna , 40126 Bologna , Italy .
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Università di Bologna , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , 40129 Bologna , Italy
| | - Alberto Credi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari , Università di Bologna , 40127 Bologna , Italy
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Università di Bologna , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , 40129 Bologna , Italy
| | - Stephen J Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , ON N9B 3P4 , Canada .
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Woźny M, Tomczyk KM, Więckowska A, Sutuła S, Trzybiński D, Woźniak K, Korybut-Daszkiewicz B. The influence of metal-complexing macrocycle size on intramolecular movement in rotaxanes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6546-6557. [PMID: 31011729 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00083f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
[2]rotaxanes composed of a dibenzo-24-crown-8 wheel (DB24C8) and an axle containing two metal-complexing tetraazamacrocyclic units linked with a p-xylylene bridge, coordinating the same or different metal ions (Ni and/or Cu) are described. A symmetric di-Ni rotaxane crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/c space group with one rotaxane cation and four PF6- counterions in the asymmetric part of the unit cell. In the crystal, the cations and anions of the investigated compound form an intertwined 3D-framework with C-HF and C-Hπ intermolecular interactions. The NMR ROESY spectrum of the diamagnetic di-Ni rotaxane confirms that at room temperature slow shuttling of the DB24C8 moiety takes place along the symmetric axle. The non-symmetric rotaxane, containing 14- and 16-membered nickel(ii)-complexing macrocycles, exists in solution as an equilibrium mixture of two conformers in the ratio of ca. 1 : 7. This rotaxane behaves as a potential-controlled molecular switch: in the major isomer, the DB24C8 moiety is localized in the vicinity of the 14-membered metal-complexing macrocycle, and moves towards the 16-membered unit upon the first oxidation. Reverse translocation occurs after the subsequent oxidation of the 14-membered complex unit. In contrast, no such movements of the DB24C8 moiety were observed upon investigation of the heteronuclear [2]rotaxane, coordinating copper(ii) and nickel(ii) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Woźny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland.
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