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Zhang J, Yang Z, Ou J, Xia X, Zhi F, Cui J. The F-box protein FBXL18 promotes glioma progression by promoting K63-linked ubiquitination of Akt. FEBS Lett 2016; 591:145-154. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Zhifen Yang
- Clinical laboratory; Changsha Blood Center; Changsha China
| | - Jiayu Ou
- Zhongshan School of Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Feng Zhi
- Modern Medical Research Center; Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Changzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Jun Cui
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol; School of Life Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
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202
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Li W, Ma X, Li N, Liu H, Dong Q, Zhang J, Yang C, Liu Y, Liang Q, Zhang S, Xu C, Song W, Tan S, Rong P, Wang W. Resveratrol inhibits Hexokinases II mediated glycolysis in non-small cell lung cancer via targeting Akt signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2016; 349:320-327. [PMID: 27829129 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of glycolysis was often observed in human cancer cells. In the present study, we reported resveratrol, a small polyphenol, which has been intensively studied in various tumor models, has a profound anti-tumor effect on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) via regulation of glycolysis. Resveratrol impaired hexokinase II (HK2)-mediated glycolysis, and markedly inhibited anchorage-dependent and -independent growth of NSCLC cells. Exposure to resveratrol decreased EGFR and downstream kinases Akt and ERK1/2 activation. Moreover, we revealed that resveratrol impaired glucose metabolism by mainly inhibiting expression of HK2 mediated by the Akt signaling pathway, and exogenous overexpression of constitutively activated Akt1 in NSCLC cells substantially rescued resveratrol-induced glycolysis suppression. The in vivo data indicated that resveratrol obviously suppressed tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Our results suggest targeting HK2 or metabolic enzymes appears to be a new approach for clinical NSCLC prevention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Huasheng Liu
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Qiong Dong
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Cejun Yang
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Qi Liang
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Shengwang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Shiming Tan
- Department of Hematology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China.
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203
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Cederquist CT, Lentucci C, Martinez-Calejman C, Hayashi V, Orofino J, Guertin D, Fried SK, Lee MJ, Cardamone MD, Perissi V. Systemic insulin sensitivity is regulated by GPS2 inhibition of AKT ubiquitination and activation in adipose tissue. Mol Metab 2016; 6:125-137. [PMID: 28123943 PMCID: PMC5220281 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Insulin signaling plays a unique role in the regulation of energy homeostasis and the impairment of insulin action is associated with altered lipid metabolism, obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. The main aim of this study was to provide further insight into the regulatory mechanisms governing the insulin signaling pathway by investigating the role of non-proteolytic ubiquitination in insulin-mediated activation of AKT. Methods The molecular mechanism of AKT regulation through ubiquitination is first dissected in vitro in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and then validated in vivo using mice with adipo-specific deletion of GPS2, an endogenous inhibitor of Ubc13 activity (GPS2-AKO mice). Results Our results indicate that K63 ubiquitination is a critical component of AKT activation in the insulin signaling pathway and that counter-regulation of this step is provided by GPS2 preventing AKT ubiquitination through inhibition of Ubc13 enzymatic activity. Removal of this negative checkpoint, through GPS2 downregulation or genetic deletion, results in sustained activation of insulin signaling both in vitro and in vivo. As a result, the balance between lipid accumulation and utilization is shifted toward storage in the adipose tissue and GPS2-AKO mice become obese under normal laboratory chow diet. However, the adipose tissue of GPS2-AKO mice is not inflamed, the levels of circulating adiponectin are elevated, and systemic insulin sensitivity is overall improved. Conclusions Our findings characterize a novel layer of regulation of the insulin signaling pathway based on non-proteolytic ubiquitination of AKT and define GPS2 as a previously unrecognized component of the insulin signaling cascade. In accordance with this role, we have shown that GPS2 presence in adipocytes modulates systemic metabolism by restricting the activation of insulin signaling during the fasted state, whereas in absence of GPS2, the adipose tissue is more efficient at lipid storage, and obesity becomes uncoupled from inflammation and insulin resistance. Ubc13-mediated ubiquitination of AKT is required for activation of the insulin signaling pathway. GPS2 regulates insulin signaling by inhibiting AKT ubiquitination and activation. Adipo-specific deletion of GPS2 results in increased adiposity and altered lipid flux in the adipocytes. GPS2-AKO mice have higher levels of circulating adiponectin and are insulin sensitive despite being obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly T Cederquist
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Claudia Lentucci
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Camila Martinez-Calejman
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation St, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Vanessa Hayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Joseph Orofino
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - David Guertin
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation St, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Susan K Fried
- Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustav Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mi-Jeong Lee
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - M Dafne Cardamone
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Valentina Perissi
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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204
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Pharmacogenomics and chemical library screens reveal a novel SCF SKP2 inhibitor that overcomes Bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2016; 31:645-653. [PMID: 27677741 PMCID: PMC5339431 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
While clinical benefit of the proteasome inhibitor (PI) bortezomib (BTZ) for multiple myeloma (MM) patients remains unchallenged, dose-limiting toxicities and drug resistance limit the long-term utility. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Skp1–Cullin-1–Skp2 (SCFSkp2) promotes proteasomal degradation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27 to enhance tumor growth. Increased SKP2 expression and reduced p27 levels are frequent in human cancers and are associated with therapeutic resistance. SCFSkp2 activity is increased by the Cullin-1-binding protein Commd1 and the Skp2-binding protein Cks1B. Here we observed higher CUL1, COMMD1 and SKP2 mRNA levels in CD138+ cells isolated from BTZ-resistant MM patients. Higher CUL1, COMMD1, SKP2 and CKS1B mRNA levels in patient CD138+ cells correlated with decreased progression-free and overall survival. Genetic knockdown of CUL1, COMMD1 or SKP2 disrupted the SCFSkp2 complex, stabilized p27 and increased the number of annexin-V-positive cells after BTZ treatment. Chemical library screens identified a novel compound, designated DT204, that reduced Skp2 binding to Cullin-1 and Commd1, and synergistically enhanced BTZ-induced apoptosis. DT204 co-treatment with BTZ overcame drug resistance and reduced the in vivo growth of myeloma tumors in murine models with survival benefit. Taken together, the results provide proof of concept for rationally designed drug combinations that incorporate SCFSkp2 inhibitors to treat BTZ resistant disease.
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205
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Wu J, Huang YF, Zhou XK, Zhang W, Lian YF, Lv XB, Gao XR, Lin HK, Zeng YX, Huang JQ. Skp2 is required for Aurora B activation in cell mitosis and spindle checkpoint. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:3877-84. [PMID: 26697838 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1120916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aurora B kinase plays a critical role in cell mitosis and spindle checkpoint. Here, we showed that the ubiquitin E3-ligase protein Skp2, also as a cell-cycle regulatory protein, was required for the activation of Aurora B and its downstream protein. When we restored Skp2 knockdown Hela cells with Skp2 and Skp2-LRR E3 ligase dead mutant we found that Skp2 could rescue the defect in the activation of Aurora B, but the mutant failed to do so. Furthermore, we discovered that Skp2 could interact with Aurora B and trigger Aurora B Lysine (K) 63-linked ubiquitination. Finally, we demonstrated the essential role of Skp2 in cell mitosis progression and spindle checkpoint, which was Aurora B dependent. Our results identified a novel ubiquitinated substrate of Skp2, and also indicated that Aurora B ubiquitination might serve as an important event for Aurora B activation in cell mitosis and spindle checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- a Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment; Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Yu-Fan Huang
- a Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment; Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Xin-Ke Zhou
- b The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Wei Zhang
- c State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Experimental Research; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Yi-Fan Lian
- c State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Experimental Research; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiao-Bin Lv
- d Nanchang Key Laboratory of Cancer Pathogenesis and Translational Research; the Third Affiliated Hospital; Nanchang University ; Nanchang , China
| | - Xiu-Rong Gao
- a Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment; Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- e Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology ; The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center ; Houston , TX USA
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- c State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Experimental Research; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center ; Guangzhou , China
| | - Jian-Qing Huang
- a Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment; Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ; Guangzhou , China
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206
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Lee HJ, Li CF, Ruan D, Powers S, Thompson PA, Frohman MA, Chan CH. The DNA Damage Transducer RNF8 Facilitates Cancer Chemoresistance and Progression through Twist Activation. Mol Cell 2016; 63:1021-33. [PMID: 27618486 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Twist has been shown to cause treatment failure, cancer progression, and cancer-related death. However, strategies that directly target Twist are not yet conceivable. Here we reveal that K63-linked ubiquitination is a crucial regulatory mechanism for Twist activation. Through an E3 ligase screen and biochemical studies, we unexpectedly identified that RNF8 functions as a direct Twist activator by triggering K63-linked ubiquitination of Twist. RNF8-promoted Twist ubiquitination is required for Twist localization to the nucleus for subsequent EMT and CSC functions, thereby conferring chemoresistance. Our histological analyses showed that RNF8 expression is upregulated and correlated with disease progression, EMT features, and poor patient survival in breast cancer. Moreover, RNF8 regulates cancer cell migration and invasion and cancer metastasis, recapitulating the effect of Twist. Together, our findings reveal a previously unrecognized tumor-promoting function of RNF8 and provide evidence that targeting RNF8 is an appealing strategy to tackle tumor aggressiveness and treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jen Lee
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Foundational Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Diane Ruan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Scott Powers
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Patricia A Thompson
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Michael A Frohman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Chia-Hsin Chan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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Su J, Zhou X, Wang L, Yin X, Wang Z. Curcumin inhibits cell growth and invasion and induces apoptosis through down-regulation of Skp2 in pancreatic cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1949-1962. [PMID: 27725901 PMCID: PMC5043105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polyphenol compound curcumin has been found to exhibit its anticancer activity in a variety of human malignancies including pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that Skp2 (S-phase kinase associated protein 2) plays an oncogenic role in the development and progression of human cancers. In this study, we aim to explore the molecular basis of curcumin-induced cell growth inhibition in PC cells.Multiple methods such as CTG assay, Flow cytometry, clonogenic assay, wound healing assay, Transwell invasion assay, Western blotting, and transfection were performed to validate the oncogenic role of curcumin in PC cells. We found that curcumin suppressed cell growth, clonogenic potential, migration and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Moreover, we observed thatover-expression of Skp2 significantly promoted cell growth, whereas down-regulation of Skp2 with siRNAs inhibited cell growth. The molecular basis of curcumin-mediated cell growth inhibition we identified is that curcumin significantly suppressed Skp2 expression and subsequently induced p21 expression. These findings suggested thattargeting Skp2 by curcumin could be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingna Su
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiuxia Zhou
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
| | - Xuyuan Yin
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolMA 02215, USA
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208
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Liu J, Pan C, Guo L, Wu M, Guo J, Peng S, Wu Q, Zuo Q. A new mechanism of trastuzumab resistance in gastric cancer: MACC1 promotes the Warburg effect via activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:76. [PMID: 27581375 PMCID: PMC5007850 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trastuzumab, a humanized antibody targeting HER2, exhibits remarkable therapeutic efficacy against HER2-positive gastric cancer. However, recurrent therapeutic resistance presents revolutionary claims. Warburg effect and AKT signaling pathway was involved in the resistance to trastuzumab. Our previous studies have demonstrated that overexpression of metastasis associated with the colon cancer 1 (MACC1) predicted poor prognosis of GC and promoted tumor cells proliferation and invasion. In this study, we found that MACC1 was significantly upregulated in trastuzumab-resistant cell lines. Besides, downregulation of MACC1 reversed this resistance. Methods The effect of trastuzumab and glycolysis inhibitor combination on cell viability, apoptosis, and cell metabolism was investigated in vitro using established trastuzumab-resistant GC cell lines. We assessed the impact of trastuzumab combined with oxamate on tumor growth and metabolism in an established xenograft model of HER2-positive GC cell lines. Results Here, we found that MACC1 was significantly upregulated in trastuzumab-resistant cell lines. Besides, downregulation of MACC1 in trastuzumab-resistant cells reversed this resistance. Overexpression of MACC1-induced trastuzumab resistance, enhanced the Warburg effect, and activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, while downregulation of MACC1 presented the opposite effects. Moreover, when the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was inhibited, the effects of MACC1 on resistance and glycolysis were diminished. Our findings indicated that MACC1 promoted the Warburg effect mainly through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which further enhanced GC cells trastuzumab resistance. Conclusions Our results indicate that co-targeting of HER2 and the Warburg effect reversed trastuzumab resistance in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that the combination might overcome trastuzumab resistance in MACC1-overexpressed, HER2-positive GC patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0302-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Changqie Pan
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lihong Guo
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mengwan Wu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sheng Peng
- Department of ICU, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qianying Wu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiang Zuo
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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209
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Liu YQ, Wang XL, Cheng X, Lu YZ, Wang GZ, Li XC, Zhang J, Wen ZS, Huang ZL, Gao QL, Yang LN, Cheng YX, Tao SC, Liu J, Zhou GB. Skp1 in lung cancer: clinical significance and therapeutic efficacy of its small molecule inhibitors. Oncotarget 2016; 6:34953-67. [PMID: 26474281 PMCID: PMC4741501 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skp1 is an essential adaptor protein of the Skp1-Cul1-F-box protein complex and is able to stabilize the conformation of some ubiquitin E3 ligases. However, the role Skp1 plays during tumorigenesis remains unclear and Skp1-targeting agent is lacking. Here we showed that Skp1 was overexpressed in 36/64 (56.3%) of non-small cell lung cancers, and elevated Skp1 was associated with poor prognosis. By structure-based high-throughput virtual screening, we found some Skp1-targeting molecules including a natural compound 6-O-angeloylplenolin (6-OAP). 6-OAP bound Skp1 at sites critical to Skp1-Skp2 interaction, leading to dissociation and proteolysis of oncogenic E3 ligases NIPA, Skp2, and β-TRCP, and accumulation of their substrates Cyclin B1, P27 and E-Cadherin. 6-OAP induced prometaphase arrest and exerted potent anti-lung cancer activity in two murine models and showed low adverse effect. These results indicate that Skp1 is critical to lung cancer pathogenesis, and Skp1 inhibitor inactivates crucial oncogenic E3 ligases and exhibits significant therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yong-Zhi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Gui-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Cancer Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Cancer Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qin-Lei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Li-Na Yang
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Sheng-Ce Tao
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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210
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Vingill S, Brockelt D, Lancelin C, Tatenhorst L, Dontcheva G, Preisinger C, Schwedhelm-Domeyer N, Joseph S, Mitkovski M, Goebbels S, Nave KA, Schulz JB, Marquardt T, Lingor P, Stegmüller J. Loss of FBXO7 (PARK15) results in reduced proteasome activity and models a parkinsonism-like phenotype in mice. EMBO J 2016; 35:2008-25. [PMID: 27497298 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201593585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the FBXO7 (PARK15) gene have been implicated in a juvenile form of parkinsonism termed parkinsonian pyramidal syndrome (PPS), characterized by Parkinsonian symptoms and pyramidal tract signs. FBXO7 (F-box protein only 7) is a subunit of the SCF (SKP1/cullin-1/F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, but its relevance and function in neurons remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that the E3 ligase FBXO7-SCF binds to and ubiquitinates the proteasomal subunit PSMA2. In addition, we show that FBXO7 is a proteasome-associated protein involved in proteasome assembly. In FBXO7 knockout mice, we find reduced proteasome activity and early-onset motor deficits together with premature death. In addition, we demonstrate that NEX (neuronal helix-loop-helix protein-1)-Cre-induced deletion of the FBXO7 gene in forebrain neurons or the loss of FBXO7 in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons results in motor defects, reminiscent of the phenotype in PARK15 patients. Taken together, our study establishes a vital role for FBXO7 in neurons, which is required for proper motor control and accentuates the importance of FBXO7 in proteasome function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siv Vingill
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, Göttingen, Germany
| | - David Brockelt
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Lars Tatenhorst
- Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Guergana Dontcheva
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, Göttingen, Germany Department of Neurology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Preisinger
- Proteomics Facility, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Aachen, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicola Schwedhelm-Domeyer
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabitha Joseph
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, Göttingen, Germany Department of Neurology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Miso Mitkovski
- Light Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Goebbels
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jörg B Schulz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Till Marquardt
- European Neuroscience Institute (ENI), Göttingen, Germany Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany Section Neurobiological Research, Department of Neurology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Lingor
- Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Judith Stegmüller
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CMPB), Göttingen, Germany Department of Neurology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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211
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Deblois G, Smith HW, Tam IS, Gravel SP, Caron M, Savage P, Labbé DP, Bégin LR, Tremblay ML, Park M, Bourque G, St-Pierre J, Muller WJ, Giguère V. ERRα mediates metabolic adaptations driving lapatinib resistance in breast cancer. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12156. [PMID: 27402251 PMCID: PMC4945959 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the initial benefits of treating HER2-amplified breast cancer patients with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib, resistance inevitably develops. Here we report that lapatinib induces the degradation of the nuclear receptor ERRα, a master regulator of cellular metabolism, and that the expression of ERRα is restored in lapatinib-resistant breast cancer cells through reactivation of mTOR signalling. Re-expression of ERRα in resistant cells triggers metabolic adaptations favouring mitochondrial energy metabolism through increased glutamine metabolism, as well as ROS detoxification required for cell survival under therapeutic stress conditions. An ERRα inverse agonist counteracts these metabolic adaptations and overcomes lapatinib resistance in a HER2-induced mammary tumour mouse model. This work reveals a molecular mechanism by which ERRα-induced metabolic reprogramming promotes survival of lapatinib-resistant cancer cells and demonstrates the potential of ERRα inhibition as an effective adjuvant therapy in poor outcome HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Deblois
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Harvey W. Smith
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - Ingrid S. Tam
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - Simon-Pierre Gravel
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - Maxime Caron
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Paul Savage
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - David P. Labbé
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - Louis R. Bégin
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4J 1C5
| | - Michel L. Tremblay
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1S6
| | - Morag Park
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1S6
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Julie St-Pierre
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - William J. Muller
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - Vincent Giguère
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1S6
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212
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Cui D, Xiong X, Zhao Y. Cullin-RING ligases in regulation of autophagy. Cell Div 2016; 11:8. [PMID: 27293474 PMCID: PMC4902950 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-016-0022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs), the largest E3 ubiquitin ligase family, promote ubiquitination and degradation of various cellular key regulators involved in a broad array of physiological and pathological processes, including cell cycle progression, signal transduction, transcription, cardiomyopathy, and tumorigenesis. Autophagy, an intracellular catabolic reaction that delivers cytoplasmic components to lysosomes for degradation, is crucial for cellular metabolism and homeostasis. The dysfunction of autophagy has been proved to associate with a variety of human diseases. Recent evidences revealed the emerging roles of CRLs in the regulation of autophagy. In this review, we will focus mainly on recent advances in our understandings of the regulation of autophagy by CRLs and the cross-talk between CRLs and autophagy, two degradation systems. We will also discuss the pathogenesis of human diseases associated with the dysregulation of CRLs and autophagy. Finally, we will discuss current efforts and future perspectives on basic and translational research on CRLs and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danrui Cui
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qing-Chun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003 People's Republic of China ; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 268 Kai-Xuan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiufang Xiong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 268 Kai-Xuan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qing-Chun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003 People's Republic of China ; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 268 Kai-Xuan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029 People's Republic of China
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213
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Wang L, Ye X, Cai X, Su J, Ma R, Yin X, Zhou X, Li H, Wang Z. Curcumin suppresses cell growth and invasion and induces apoptosis by down-regulation of Skp2 pathway in glioma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:18027-37. [PMID: 26046466 PMCID: PMC4627233 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that curcumin exerts its tumor suppressor function in a variety of human cancers including glioma. However, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure. Emerging evidence has revealed that Skp2 (S-phase kinase associated protein 2) plays an oncogenic role in tumorigenesis. Therefore, we aim to determine whether curcumin suppresses the Skp2 expression, leading to the inhibition of cell growth, invasion, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. To this end, we conducted multiple methods such as MTT assay, Flow cytometry, Wound healing assay, invasion assay, RT-PCR, Western blotting, and transfection to explore the functions and molecular insights of curcumin in glioma cells. We found that curcumin significantly inhibited cell growth, suppressed cell migration and invasion, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in glioma cells. Furthermore, we observed that overexpression of Skp2 promoted cell growth, migration, and invasion, whereas depletion of Skp2 suppressed cell growth, migration, and invasion and triggered apoptosis in glioma cells. Mechanistically, we defined that curcumin markedly down-regulated Skp2 expression and subsequently up-regulated p57 expression. Moreover, our results demonstrated that curcumin exerts its antitumor activity through inhibition of Skp2 pathway. Collectively, our findings suggest that targeting Skp2 by curcumin could be a promising therapeutic approach for glioma prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Wang
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiantao Ye
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xingming Cai
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingna Su
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Renqiang Ma
- Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuyuan Yin
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiuxia Zhou
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huabin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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214
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Yang Y, Lu Y, Wang L, Mizokami A, Keller ET, Zhang J, Fu J. Skp2 is associated with paclitaxel resistance in prostate cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:559-66. [PMID: 27175797 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed tumor in men in the United States. Patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer are often treated with paclitaxel, but most of them eventually develop drug resistance. S-phase kinase associated protein 2 (Skp2) is a component of the SCF (Skp1-Cullin1-F-box) type of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes. In the present study, we investigated the role of Skp2 in paclitaxel-resistant DU145-TxR or PC-3-TxR cells by Skp2 silencing or using Skp2 inhibitors. We first confirmed that Skp2 expression is up-regulated in DU145-TxR or PC-3-TxR cells compared with their parental cells DU145 or PC-3, respectively. Knockdown of Skp2 or Skp2 inhibitor treatment in DU145-TxR or PC-3-TxR cells restored paclitaxel sensitivity. E-cadherin was decreased while Vimentin was increased in PC-3-TxR or DU145-TxR cells. In addition, p27 expression was inversely correlated with Skp2 expression in DU145-TxR or PC-3-TxR cells. Moreover, p27 was found to increase in both Skp2 silencing PC-3-TxR and DU145-TxR cells. These results suggest that Skp2 is associated with prostate cancer cell resistance to paclitaxel. Skp2 may be a potential therapeutic target for drug-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Atsushi Mizokami
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Evan T Keller
- Department of Urology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jiejun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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215
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Girnita L, Takahashi SI, Crudden C, Fukushima T, Worrall C, Furuta H, Yoshihara H, Hakuno F, Girnita A. Chapter Seven - When Phosphorylation Encounters Ubiquitination: A Balanced Perspective on IGF-1R Signaling. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 141:277-311. [PMID: 27378760 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cell-surface receptors govern the critical information passage from outside to inside the cell and hence control important cellular decisions such as survival, growth, and differentiation. These receptors, structurally grouped into different families, utilize common intracellular signaling-proteins and pathways, yet promote divergent biological consequences. In rapid processing of extracellular signals to biological outcomes, posttranslational modifications offer a repertoire of protein processing options. Protein ubiquitination was originally identified as a signal for protein degradation through the proteasome system. It is now becoming increasingly recognized that both ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins, all evolved from a common ubiquitin structural superfold, are used extensively by the cell and encompass signal tags for many different cellular fates. In this chapter we examine the current understanding of the ubiquitin regulation surrounding the insulin-like growth factor and insulin signaling systems, major members of the larger family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and key regulators of fundamental physiological and pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Girnita
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - S-I Takahashi
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Crudden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Fukushima
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - C Worrall
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Furuta
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Yoshihara
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - F Hakuno
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Girnita
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Dermatology Department, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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216
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Huang X, Dixit VM. Drugging the undruggables: exploring the ubiquitin system for drug development. Cell Res 2016; 26:484-98. [PMID: 27002218 PMCID: PMC4822129 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2016.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic modulation of protein levels is tightly controlled in response to physiological cues. In mammalian cells, much of the protein degradation is carried out by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Similar to kinases, components of the ubiquitin system are often dysregulated, leading to a variety of diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration, making them attractive drug targets. However, so far there are only a handful of drugs targeting the ubiquitin system that have been approved by the FDA. Here, we review possible therapeutic intervention nodes in the ubiquitin system, analyze the challenges, and highlight the most promising strategies to target the UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Huang
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Vishva M Dixit
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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217
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Iskandarani A, Bhat AA, Siveen KS, Prabhu KS, Kuttikrishnan S, Khan MA, Krishnankutty R, Kulinski M, Nasr RR, Mohammad RM, Uddin S. Bortezomib-mediated downregulation of S-phase kinase protein-2 (SKP2) causes apoptotic cell death in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. J Transl Med 2016; 14:69. [PMID: 26956626 PMCID: PMC4784454 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0823-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Proteasome inhibitors are attractive cancer therapeutic agents because they can regulate apoptosis-related proteins. Bortezomib also known as Velcade®, a proteasome inhibitor that has been approved by the food and drug administration for treatment of patients with multiple myeloma, and many clinical trials are ongoing to examine to the efficacy of bortezomib for the treatment of other malignancies. Bortezomib has been shown to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell growth of many cancer cells. In current study, we determine whether bortezomib induces cell death/apoptosis in CML. Methods Cell viability was measured using MTT assays. Apoptosis was measured by annexin V/PI dual staining and DNA fragmentation assays. Immunoblotting was performed to examine the expression of proteins. Colony assays were performed using methylcellulose. Results Treatment of CML cells with bortezomib results in downregulation of S-phase kinase protein 2 (SKP2) and concomitant stabilization of the expression of p27Kip1. Furthermore, knockdown of SKP2 with small interference RNA specific for SKP2 caused accumulation of p27Kip1. CML cells exposed to bortezomib leads to conformational changes in Bax protein, resulting in loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and leakage of cytochrome c to the cytosol. In the cytosol, cytochrome c causes sequential activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP cleavage and apoptosis. Pretreatment of CML cells with a universal inhibitor of caspases, z-VAD-fmk, prevents bortezomib-mediated apoptosis. Our data also demonstrated that bortezomib treatment of CML downregulates the expression of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. Finally, inhibition of proteasome pathways by bortezomib suppresses colony formation ability of CML cells. Conclusions Altogether, these findings suggest that bortezomib suppresses the cell proliferation via induction of apoptosis in CML cells by downregulation of SKP2 with concomitant accumulation of p27Kip1, suggesting that proteasomal pathway may form novel therapeutic targets for better management of CML. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-016-0823-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Iskandarani
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
| | - Kodappully S Siveen
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
| | - Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
| | - Muzammil A Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
| | - Roopesh Krishnankutty
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
| | - Michal Kulinski
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
| | - Rihab R Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
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218
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Wong VKW, Dong H, Liang X, Bai LP, Jiang ZH, Guo Y, Kong ANT, Wang R, Kam RKT, Law BYK, Hsiao WWL, Chan KM, Wang J, Chan RWK, Guo J, Zhang W, Yen FG, Zhou H, Leung ELH, Yu Z, Liu L. Rh2E2, a novel metabolic suppressor, specifically inhibits energy-based metabolism of tumor cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:9907-24. [PMID: 26799418 PMCID: PMC4891092 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism in cancer cells is often increased to meet their higher proliferative rate and biosynthesis demands. Suppressing cancer cell metabolism using agents like metformin has become an attractive strategy for treating cancer patients. We showed that a novel ginsenoside derivative, Rh2E2, is as effective as aspirin in preventing the development of AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer and suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in a LLC-1 xenograft. A sub-chronic and acute toxicity LD50 test of Rh2E2 showed no harmful reactions at the maximum oral dosage of 5000 mg/kg body weight in mice. Proteomic profiling revealed that Rh2E2 specifically inhibited ATP production in cancer cells via down-regulation of metabolic enzymes involving glycolysis, fatty acid β-oxidation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, leading to specific cytotoxicity and S-phase cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Those findings suggest that Rh2E2 possesses a novel and safe anti-metabolic agent for cancer patients by specific reduction of energy-based metabolism in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Hang Dong
- Shum Yiu Foon Shum Bik Chuen Memorial Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Li-Ping Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Richard Kin Ting Kam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wendy Wen Luen Hsiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
- Shum Yiu Foon Shum Bik Chuen Memorial Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Man Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jingrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Rick Wai Kit Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jianru Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Feng Gen Yen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Elaine Lai Han Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zhiling Yu
- Shum Yiu Foon Shum Bik Chuen Memorial Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
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219
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Delogu S, Wang C, Cigliano A, Utpatel K, Sini M, Longerich T, Waldburger N, Breuhahn K, Jiang L, Ribback S, Dombrowski F, Evert M, Chen X, Calvisi DF. SKP2 cooperates with N-Ras or AKT to induce liver tumor development in mice. Oncotarget 2016; 6:2222-34. [PMID: 25537506 PMCID: PMC4385847 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that S-Phase Kinase-Associated Protein 2 (SKP2) is overexpressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role of SKP2 in hepatocarcinogenesis remains poorly delineated. To elucidate the function(s) of SKP2 in HCC, we stably overexpressed the SKP2 gene in the mouse liver, either alone or in combination with activated forms of N-Ras (N-RasV12), AKT1 (myr-AKT1), or β-catenin (ΔN90-β-catenin) protooncogenes, via hydrodynamic gene delivery. We found that forced overexpression of SKP2, N-RasV12 or ΔN90-β-catenin alone as well as co-expression of SKP2 and ΔN90-β-catenin did not induce liver tumor development. Overexpression of myr-AKT1 alone led to liver tumor development after long latency. In contrast, co-expression of SKP2 with N-RasV12 or myr-AKT1 resulted in early development of multiple hepatocellular tumors in all SKP2/N-RasV12 and SKP2/myr-AKT1 mice. At the molecular level, preneoplastic and neoplastic liver lesions from SKP2/N-RasV12 and SKP2/myr-AKT1 mice exhibited a strong induction of AKT/mTOR and Ras/MAPK pathways. Noticeably, the tumor suppressor proteins whose levels have been shown to be downregulated by SKP2-dependent degradation in various tumor types, including p27, p57, Dusp1, and Rassf1A were not decreased in liver lesions from SKP2/N-RasV12 and SKP2/myr-AKT1 mice. In human HCC specimens, nuclear translocation of SKP2 was associated with activation of the AKT/mTOR and Ras/MAPK pathways, but not with β-catenin mutation or activation. Altogether, the present data indicate that SKP2 cooperates with N-Ras and AKT proto-oncogenes to promote hepatocarcinogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Delogu
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Antonio Cigliano
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kirsten Utpatel
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcella Sini
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Longerich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nina Waldburger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Breuhahn
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lijie Jiang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Silvia Ribback
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frank Dombrowski
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Evert
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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220
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Thacker G, Kumar Y, Khan MP, Shukla N, Kapoor I, Kanaujiya JK, Lochab S, Ahmed S, Sanyal S, Chattopadhyay N, Trivedi AK. Skp2 inhibits osteogenesis by promoting ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of Runx2. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:510-9. [PMID: 26778333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenic transcription factor Runx2 is essential for osteoblast differentiation. The activity of Runx2 is tightly regulated at transcriptional as well as post-translational level. However, regulation of Runx2 stability by ubiquitin mediated proteasomal degradation by E3 ubiquitin ligases is little-known. Here, for the first time we demonstrate that Skp2, an SCF family E3 ubiquitin ligase negatively targets Runx2 by promoting its polyubiquitination and proteasome dependent degradation. Co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that Skp2 physically interacts with Runx2 both in a heterologous as well as physiologically relevant system. Functional consequences of Runx2-Skp2 physical interaction were then assessed by promoter reporter assay. We show that Skp2-mediated downregulation of Runx2 led to reduced Runx2 transactivation and osteoblast differentiation. On the contrary, inhibition of Skp2 restored Runx2 levels and promoted osteoblast differentiation. We further show that Skp2 and Runx2 proteins are co-expressed and show inverse relation in vivo such as in lactating, ovariectomized and estrogen-treated ovariectomized animals. Together, these data demonstrate that Skp2 targets Runx2 for ubiquitin mediated degradation and hence negatively regulate osteogenesis. Therefore, the present study provides a plausible therapeutic target for osteoporosis or cleidocranial dysplasia caused by the heterozygous mutation of Runx2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gatha Thacker
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Mohd Parvez Khan
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Nidhi Shukla
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Isha Kapoor
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Kanaujiya
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Savita Lochab
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sanyal
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Arun Kumar Trivedi
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India.
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221
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Liu T, Fang Y, Zhang H, Deng M, Gao B, Niu N, Yu J, Lee S, Kim J, Qin B, Xie F, Evans D, Wang L, Lou W, Lou Z. HEATR1 Negatively Regulates Akt to Help Sensitize Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy. Cancer Res 2015; 76:572-81. [PMID: 26676747 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating mechanisms of chemoresistance is critical to improve cancer therapy, especially for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Genome-wide association studies have suggested the less studied gene HEAT repeat-containing protein 1 (HEATR1) as a possible determinant of cellular sensitivity to different chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, we assessed this hypothesized link in PDAC, where HEATR1 expression is downregulated significantly. HEATR1 silencing in PDAC cells increased resistance to gemcitabine and other chemotherapeutics, where this effect was associated with increased AKT kinase phosphorylation at the Thr308 regulatory site. Mechanistically, HEATR1 enhanced cell responsiveness to gemcitabine by acting as a scaffold to facilitate interactions between AKT and the protein phosphatase PP2A, thereby promoting Thr308 dephosphorylation. Consistent with these findings, treatment with the AKT inhibitor triciribine sensitized HEATR1-depleted PDAC cells to gemcitabine, suggesting that this therapeutic combination may overcome gemcitabine resistance in patients with low HEATR1 expression. Clinically, we found that HEATR1 downregulation in PDAC patients was associated with increased AKT phosphorylation, poor response to tumor resection plus gemcitabine standard-of-care treatment, and shorter overall survival. Collectively, our findings establish HEATR1 as a novel regulator of AKT and a candidate predictive and prognostic indicator of drug responsiveness and outcome in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongzheng Liu
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoxing Zhang
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Deng
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Bowen Gao
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nifang Niu
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jia Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - SeungBaek Lee
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - JungJin Kim
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Bo Qin
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Fang Xie
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Debra Evans
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Liewei Wang
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Wenhui Lou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Abstract
Ubiquitination, the structured degradation and turnover of cellular proteins, is regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Most proteins that are critical for cellular regulations and functions are targets of the process. Ubiquitination is comprised of a sequence of three enzymatic steps, and aberrations in the pathway can lead to tumor development and progression as observed in many cancer types. Recent evidence indicates that targeting the UPS is effective for certain cancer treatment, but many more potential targets might have been previously overlooked. In this review, we will discuss the current state of small molecules that target various elements of ubiquitination. Special attention will be given to novel inhibitors of E3 ubiquitin ligases, especially those in the SCF family.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Kenneth Morrow
- Integrated Molecular Discovery Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shao-Cong Sun
- Department of Immunology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shuxing Zhang
- Integrated Molecular Discovery Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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223
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Oh M, Lee JH, Moon H, Hyun YJ, Lim HS. A Chemical Inhibitor of the Skp2/p300 Interaction that Promotes p53-Mediated Apoptosis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:602-6. [PMID: 26593157 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Skp2 is thought to have two critical roles in tumorigenesis. As part of the SCF(Skp2) ubiquitin ligase, Skp2 drives the cell cycle by mediating the degradation of cell cycle proteins. Besides the proteolytic activity, Skp2 also blocks p53-mediated apoptosis by outcompeting p53 for binding p300. Herein, we exploit the Skp2/p300 interaction as a new target for Skp2 inhibition. An affinity-based high-throughput screen of a combinatorial cyclic peptoid library identified an inhibitor that binds to Skp2 and interferes with the Skp2/p300 interaction. We show that antagonism of the Skp2/p300 interaction by the inhibitor leads to p300-mediated p53 acetylation, resulting in p53-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells, without affecting Skp2 proteolytic activity. Our results suggest that inhibition of the Skp2/p300 interaction has a great potential as a new anticancer strategy, and our Skp2 inhibitor can be developed as a chemical probe to delineate Skp2 non-proteolytic function in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misook Oh
- Departments of Chemistry and Advanced Material Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673 (Republic of Korea).,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 (USA)
| | - Ji Hoon Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061 (Republic of Korea)
| | - Heejo Moon
- Departments of Chemistry and Advanced Material Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673 (Republic of Korea)
| | - Yu-Jung Hyun
- Departments of Chemistry and Advanced Material Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673 (Republic of Korea)
| | - Hyun-Suk Lim
- Departments of Chemistry and Advanced Material Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673 (Republic of Korea). .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 (USA).
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224
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Oh M, Lee JH, Moon H, Hyun YJ, Lim HS. A Chemical Inhibitor of the Skp2/p300 Interaction that Promotes p53-Mediated Apoptosis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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225
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Yeh HC, Li CC, Huang CN, Hour TC, Yeh BW, Li WM, Liang PI, Chang LL, Li CF, Wu WJ. PTP4A3 Independently Predicts Metastasis and Survival in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Treated with Radical Nephroureterectomy. J Urol 2015; 194:1449-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.05.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chia Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nung Huang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzyh-Chyuan Hour
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Wen Yeh
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Li Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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226
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The Akt-mTOR axis is a pivotal regulator of eccentric hypertrophy during volume overload. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15881. [PMID: 26515499 PMCID: PMC4626834 DOI: 10.1038/srep15881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart has two major modalities of hypertrophy in response to hemodynamic loads: concentric and eccentric hypertrophy caused by pressure and volume overload (VO), respectively. However, the molecular mechanism of eccentric hypertrophy remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that the Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis is a pivotal regulator of eccentric hypertrophy during VO. While mTOR in the heart was activated in a left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP)-dependent manner, mTOR inhibition suppressed eccentric hypertrophy and induced cardiac atrophy even under VO. Notably, Akt was ubiquitinated and phosphorylated in response to VO, and blocking the recruitment of Akt to the membrane completely abolished mTOR activation. Various growth factors were upregulated during VO, suggesting that these might be involved in Akt-mTOR activation. Furthermore, the rate of eccentric hypertrophy progression was proportional to mTOR activity, which allowed accurate estimation of eccentric hypertrophy by time-integration of mTOR activity. These results suggested that the Akt-mTOR axis plays a pivotal role in eccentric hypertrophy, and mTOR activity quantitatively determines the rate of eccentric hypertrophy progression. As eccentric hypertrophy is an inherent system of the heart for regulating cardiac output and LVEDP, our findings provide a new mechanistic insight into the adaptive mechanism of the heart.
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227
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Lu W, Liu S, Li B, Xie Y, Adhiambo C, Yang Q, Ballard BR, Nakayama KI, Matusik RJ, Chen Z. SKP2 inactivation suppresses prostate tumorigenesis by mediating JARID1B ubiquitination. Oncotarget 2015; 6:771-88. [PMID: 25596733 PMCID: PMC4359254 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant elevation of JARID1B and histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) is frequently observed in many diseases including prostate cancer (PCa), yet the mechanisms on the regulation of JARID1B and H3K4me3 through epigenetic alterations still remain poorly understood. Here we report that Skp2 modulates JARID1B and H3K4me3 levels in vitro in cultured cells and in vivo in mouse models. We demonstrated that Skp2 inactivation decreased H3K4me3 levels, along with a reduction of cell growth, cell migration and malignant transformation of Pten/Trp53 double null MEFs, and further restrained prostate tumorigenesis of Pten/Trp53 mutant mice. Mechanistically, Skp2 decreased the K63-linked ubiquitination of JARID1B by E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF6, thus decreasing JARID1B demethylase activity and in turn increasing H3K4me3. In agreement, Skp2 deficiency resulted in an increase of JARID1B ubiquitination and in turn a reduction of H3K4me3, and induced senescence through JARID1B accumulation in nucleoli of PCa cells and prostate tumors of mice. Furthermore, we showed that the elevations of Skp2 and H3K4me3 contributed to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in mice, and were positively correlated in human PCa specimens. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel network of SKP2-JARID1B, and targeting SKP2 and JARID1B may be a potential strategy for PCa control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, TN 37208, USA
| | - Shenji Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, TN 37208, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, TN 37208, USA
| | - Yingqiu Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, TN 37208, USA
| | - Christine Adhiambo
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, TN 37208, USA
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, TN 37208, USA
| | - Billy R Ballard
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Meharry Medical College, TN 37208, USA
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Robert J Matusik
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, TN 37232, USA
| | - Zhenbang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, TN 37208, USA
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228
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Vriend J, Ghavami S, Marzban H. The role of the ubiquitin proteasome system in cerebellar development and medulloblastoma. Mol Brain 2015; 8:64. [PMID: 26475605 PMCID: PMC4609148 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-015-0155-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar granule cells precursors are derived from the upper rhombic lip and migrate tangentially independent of glia along the subpial stream pathway to form the external germinal zone. Postnatally, granule cells migrate from the external germinal zone radially through the Purkinje cell layer, guided by Bergmann glia fibers, to the internal granular cell layer. Medulloblastomas (MBs) are the most common malignant childhood brain tumor. Many of these tumors develop from precursor cells of the embryonic rhombic lips. Four main groups of MB are recognized. The WNT group of MBs arise primarily from the lower rhombic lip and embryonic brainstem. The SHH group of MBs originate from cerebellar granule cell precursors in the external germinal zone of the embryonic cerebellum. The cellular origins of type 3 and type 4 MBs are not clear. Several ubiquitin ligases are revealed to be significant factors in development of the cerebellum as well as in the initiation and maintenance of MBs. Proteasome dysfunction at a critical stage of development may be a major factor in determining whether progenitor cells which are destined to become granule cells differentiate normally or become MB cells. We propose the hypothesis that proteasomal activity is essential to regulate the critical transition between proliferating granule cells and differentiated granule cells and that proteasome dysfunction may lead to MB. Proteasome dysfunction could also account for various mutations in MBs resulting from deficiencies in DNA checkpoint and repair mechanisms prior to development of MBs. Data showing a role for the ubiquitin ligases β-TrCP, FBW7, Huwe1, and SKP2 in MBs suggest the possibility of a classification of MBs based on the expression (over expression or under expression) of specific ubiquitin ligases which function as oncogenes, tumor suppressors or cell cycle regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Vriend
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rm129, BMSB, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rm129, BMSB, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Hassan Marzban
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rm129, BMSB, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. .,Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0J9, Canada.
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229
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Yeh HC, Huang CN, Li CC, Chang LL, Lin HH, Ke HL, Huang AM, Liang PI, Li CF, Wu WJ. Overexpression of PTP4A3 is associated with metastasis and unfavorable prognosis in bladder cancer. World J Urol 2015; 34:835-46. [PMID: 26433386 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-015-1698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in urinary system. The prognosis of metastatic BC is poor, but there remains no reliable marker to early detect metastasis. Dysregulated prenylated protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are commonly associated with cancer metastasis. From a published BC transcriptome, we identified that PTP IVA3 (PTP4A3) was the most significantly upregulated gene implicated in tumor progression among genes related to prenylated PTPs. We therefore analyzed PTP4A3 expression in our well-characterized cohort of BC. METHODS By immunohistochemistry, PTP4A3 expression was determined using H-score. PTP4A3 expression of 295 BCs was compared with clinicopathological parameters, and the effect of PTP4A3 on cancer-specific survival (CSS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS) was also examined. Two independent sets of BCs were used to assess PTP4A3 protein and transcript expression in normal urothelium and different stage tumors. RESULTS PTP4A3 overexpression was significantly associated with higher pT stage (P < 0.001), nodal metastasis (P < 0.001), vascular invasion (P < 0.001), and perineural invasion (P = 0.021). In multivariate analysis, PTP4A3 overexpression was an independent predictor for CSS (P < 0.001) and MFS (P = 0.007). Notably, the difference in CSS and MFS between high and low PTP4A3-expressing tumors was also significant in muscle-invasive BCs. PTP4A3 protein expression showed significant and stepwise increments from normal urothelium to noninvasive BC, invasive BC, and metastatic foci (P < 0.001). PTP4A3 transcript was also obviously upregulated in high-stage BC (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS PTP4A3 may play a role in BC oncogenesis and is a predictive marker of metastasis. PTP4A3 overexpression represents an independent prognosticator for BC, suggesting its potential theranostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nung Huang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chia Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Li Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hui Lin
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - A-Mei Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang District, Tainan 710, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. .,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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230
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Liu Y, Mallampalli RK. Small molecule therapeutics targeting F-box proteins in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 36:105-19. [PMID: 26427329 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays vital roles in maintaining protein equilibrium mainly through proteolytic degradation of targeted substrates. The archetypical SCF ubiquitin E3 ligase complex contains a substrate recognition subunit F-box protein that recruits substrates to the catalytic ligase core for its polyubiquitylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Several well-characterized F-box proteins have been demonstrated that are tightly linked to neoplasia. There is mounting information characterizing F-box protein-substrate interactions with the rationale to develop unique therapeutics for cancer treatment. Here we review that how F-box proteins function in cancer and summarize potential small molecule inhibitors for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Medicine, The Acute Lung Injury, Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Department of Medicine, The Acute Lung Injury, Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Medical Specialty Service Line, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, United States.
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231
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Heo J, Eki R, Abbas T. Deregulation of F-box proteins and its consequence on cancer development, progression and metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 36:33-51. [PMID: 26432751 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
F-box proteins are substrate receptors of the SCF (SKP1-Cullin 1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase that play important roles in a number of physiological processes and activities. Through their ability to assemble distinct E3 ubiquitin ligases and target key regulators of cellular activities for ubiquitylation and degradation, this versatile group of proteins is able to regulate the abundance of cellular proteins whose deregulated expression or activity contributes to disease. In this review, we describe the important roles of select F-box proteins in regulating cellular activities, the perturbation of which contributes to the initiation and progression of a number of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Heo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Rebeka Eki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Tarek Abbas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Center for Cell Signaling, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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232
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Randle SJ, Laman H. F-box protein interactions with the hallmark pathways in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 36:3-17. [PMID: 26416465 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
F-box proteins (FBP) are the substrate specifying subunit of Skp1-Cul1-FBP (SCF)-type E3 ubiquitin ligases and are responsible for directing the ubiquitination of numerous proteins essential for cellular function. Due to their ability to regulate the expression and activity of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes, FBPs themselves play important roles in cancer development and progression. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of FBPs and their targets in relation to their interaction with the hallmarks of cancer cell biology, including the regulation of proliferation, epigenetics, migration and invasion, metabolism, angiogenesis, cell death and DNA damage responses. Each cancer hallmark is revealed to have multiple FBPs which converge on common signalling hubs or response pathways. We also highlight the complex regulatory interplay between SCF-type ligases and other ubiquitin ligases. We suggest six highly interconnected FBPs affecting multiple cancer hallmarks, which may prove sensible candidates for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne J Randle
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
| | - Heike Laman
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom.
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233
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Nguyen LK, Matallanas DG, Romano D, Kholodenko BN, Kolch W. Competing to coordinate cell fate decisions: the MST2-Raf-1 signaling device. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:189-99. [PMID: 25607644 PMCID: PMC4353221 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2014.973743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
How do biochemical signaling pathways generate biological specificity? This question is fundamental to modern biology, and its enigma has been accentuated by the discovery that most proteins in signaling networks serve multifunctional roles. An answer to this question may lie in analyzing network properties rather than individual traits of proteins in order to elucidate design principles of biochemical networks that enable biological decision-making. We discuss how this is achieved in the MST2/Hippo-Raf-1 signaling network with the help of mathematical modeling and model-based analysis, which showed that competing protein interactions with affinities controlled by dynamic protein modifications can function as Boolean computing devices that determine cell fate decisions. In addition, we discuss areas of interest for future research and highlight how systems approaches would be of benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan K Nguyen
- a Systems Biology Ireland ; University College Dublin ; Belfield , Dublin , Ireland
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234
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Li CF, Tsai HH, Ko CY, Pan YC, Yen CJ, Lai HY, Yuh CH, Wu WC, Wang JM. HMDB and 5-AzadC Combination Reverses Tumor Suppressor CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein Delta to Strengthen the Death of Liver Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:2623-33. [PMID: 26358750 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can arise from chronic inflammation due to viral infection, organ damage, drug toxicity, or alcohol abuse. Moreover, gene desensitization via aberrant CpG island methylation is a frequent epigenetic defect in HCC. However, the details of how inflammation is linked with epigenetic-mediated desensitization of tumor suppressor genes remains less investigated. In this study, we found that loss of CEBPD enhances the growth of liver cancer cells and is associated with the occurrence of liver cancers, as determined by the assessment of clinical specimens and in vivo animal models. Moreover, E2F1-regulated epigenetic axis attenuated CEBPD expression in liver cancer cells. CEBPD is responsive to the hydroxymethyldibenzoylmethane (HMDB)-induced p38/CREB pathway and plays an important role in the HMDB-induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Regarding depression of epigenetic effects to enhance HMDB-induced CEBPD expression, the combination of HMDB and 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AzadC) could enhance the death of liver cancer cells and reduce the tumor formation of Huh7 xenograft mice. In conclusion, these results suggest that CEBPD could be a useful diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in HCC. The results also reveal the therapeutic potential for low-dose 5-AzadC to enhance the HMDB-induced death of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Institute of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Hwa Yuh
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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235
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Barkeer S, Guha N, Hothpet V, Saligrama Adavigowda D, Hegde P, Padmanaban A, Yu LG, Swamy BM, Inamdar SR. Molecular mechanism of anticancer effect of Sclerotium rolfsii lectin in HT29 cells involves differential expression of genes associated with multiple signaling pathways: A microarray analysis. Glycobiology 2015; 25:1375-91. [PMID: 26347523 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL) is a lectin isolated from fungus S. rolfsii and has high binding specificity toward the oncofetal Thomsen-Friedenreich carbohydrate antigen (Galβ1-3GalNAc-α-O-Ser/Thr, T or TF), which is expressed in more than 90% of human cancers. Our previous studies have shown that binding of SRL to human colon, breast and ovarian cancer cells induces cell apoptosis in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. This study investigated the SRL-mediated cell signaling in human colon cancer HT29 cells by mRNA and miRNA microarrays. It was found that SRL treatment results in altered expression of several hundred molecules including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-JUN-associated, apoptosis-associated and cell cycle and DNA replication-associated signaling molecules. Pathway analysis using GeneSpring 12.6.1 revealed that SRL treatment induces changes of MAPK and c-JUN-associated signaling pathways as early as 2 h while changes of cell cycle, DNA replication and apoptosis pathways were significantly affected only after 24 h. A significant change of cell miRNA expression was also observed after 12 h treatment of the cells with SRL. These changes were further validated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. This study thus suggests that the presence of SRL affects multiple signaling pathways in cancer cells with early effects on cell proliferation pathways associated with MAPK and c-JUN, followed by miRNA-associated cell activity and apoptosis. This provides insight information into the molecular mechanism of the anticancer activity of this fungal lectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Barkeer
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India
| | - Nilanjan Guha
- Agilent Technologies India Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore 560048, India
| | | | | | - Prajna Hegde
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India
| | | | - Lu-Gang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Bale M Swamy
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Shashikala R Inamdar
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
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236
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Alam H, Gu B, Lee MG. Histone methylation modifiers in cellular signaling pathways. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4577-92. [PMID: 26305020 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2023-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Histone methyltransferases and demethylases epigenetically regulate gene expression by modifying histone methylation status in numerous cellular processes, including cell differentiation and proliferation. These modifiers also control methylation levels of various non-histone proteins, such as effector proteins that play critical roles in cellular signaling networks. Dysregulated histone methylation modifiers alter expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and change methylation states of effector proteins, frequently resulting in aberrant cellular signaling cascades and cellular transformation. In this review, we summarize the role of histone methylation modifiers in regulating the following signaling pathways: NF-κB, RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK, PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, p53, and ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunain Alam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bingnan Gu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Min Gyu Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Cancer Biology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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237
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Fischer S, Mathias S, Schaz S, Emmerling VV, Buck T, Kleemann M, Hackl M, Grillari J, Aschrafi A, Handrick R, Otte K. Enhanced protein production by microRNA-30 family in CHO cells is mediated by the modulation of the ubiquitin pathway. J Biotechnol 2015; 212:32-43. [PMID: 26256096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Functional genomics represent a valuable approach to improve culture performance of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines for biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Recent advances in applied microRNA (miRNAs) research suggest that these small non-coding RNAs are critical for the regulation of cell phenotypes in CHO cells. However, the notion that individual miRNAs usually control the expression of hundreds of different genes makes miRNA target identification highly complex. We have recently reported that the entire miR-30 family enhances recombinant protein production in CHO cells. To better understand the pro-productive effects of this miRNA family, we set out to identify their downstream target genes in CHO cells. Computational target prediction combined with a comprehensive functional validation enabled the discovery of a set of twenty putative target genes for all productivity enhancing miR-30 family members. We demonstrate that all miR-30 isoforms contribute to the regulation of the ubiquitin pathway in CHO cells by directly targeting the ubiquitin E3 ligase S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2). Finally, we provide several lines of evidence that miR-30-mediated modulation of the ubiquitin pathway may enhance recombinant protein expression in CHO cells. In summary, this study supports the importance of non-coding RNAs, especially of miRNAs, in the context of cell line engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Fischer
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Strasse 35, 88400 Biberach, Germany; University of Ulm, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Sven Mathias
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Strasse 35, 88400 Biberach, Germany; University of Ulm, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Simone Schaz
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Strasse 35, 88400 Biberach, Germany; University of Ulm, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Verena Vanessa Emmerling
- University of Ulm, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany; Rentschler Biotechnologie GmbH, Erwin-Rentschler-Straße 21, 88471 Laupheim, Germany.
| | - Theresa Buck
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Strasse 35, 88400 Biberach, Germany.
| | - Michael Kleemann
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Strasse 35, 88400 Biberach, Germany.
| | | | - Johannes Grillari
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Evercyte GmbH, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Armaz Aschrafi
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Donders Institute for Brain Function, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - René Handrick
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Strasse 35, 88400 Biberach, Germany.
| | - Kerstin Otte
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Strasse 35, 88400 Biberach, Germany.
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238
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Clark AD, Oldenbroek M, Boyer TG. Mediator kinase module and human tumorigenesis. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 50:393-426. [PMID: 26182352 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2015.1064854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mediator is a conserved multi-subunit signal processor through which regulatory informatiosn conveyed by gene-specific transcription factors is transduced to RNA Polymerase II (Pol II). In humans, MED13, MED12, CDK8 and Cyclin C (CycC) comprise a four-subunit "kinase" module that exists in variable association with a 26-subunit Mediator core. Genetic and biochemical studies have established the Mediator kinase module as a major ingress of developmental and oncogenic signaling through Mediator, and much of its function in signal-dependent gene regulation derives from its resident CDK8 kinase activity. For example, CDK8-targeted substrate phosphorylation impacts transcription factor half-life, Pol II activity and chromatin chemistry and functional status. Recent structural and biochemical studies have revealed a precise network of physical and functional subunit interactions required for proper kinase module activity. Accordingly, pathologic change in this activity through altered expression or mutation of constituent kinase module subunits can have profound consequences for altered signaling and tumor formation. Herein, we review the structural organization, biological function and oncogenic potential of the Mediator kinase module. We focus principally on tumor-associated alterations in kinase module subunits for which mechanistic relationships as opposed to strictly correlative associations are established. These considerations point to an emerging picture of the Mediator kinase module as an oncogenic unit, one in which pathogenic activation/deactivation through component change drives tumor formation through perturbation of signal-dependent gene regulation. It follows that therapeutic strategies to combat CDK8-driven tumors will involve targeted modulation of CDK8 activity or pharmacologic manipulation of dysregulated CDK8-dependent signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison D Clark
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX , USA
| | - Marieke Oldenbroek
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX , USA
| | - Thomas G Boyer
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX , USA
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239
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Woo YM, Shin Y, Lee EJ, Lee S, Jeong SH, Kong HK, Park EY, Kim HK, Han J, Chang M, Park JH. Inhibition of Aerobic Glycolysis Represses Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α Axis and Restores Tamoxifen Sensitivity in Antiestrogen-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132285. [PMID: 26158266 PMCID: PMC4497721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen resistance is often observed in the majority of estrogen receptor–positive breast cancers and it remains as a serious clinical problem in breast cancer management. Increased aerobic glycolysis has been proposed as one of the mechanisms for acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in breast cancer cells such as adriamycin. Herein, we report that the glycolysis rates in LCC2 and LCC9—tamoxifen-resistant human breast cancer cell lines derived from MCF7— are higher than those in MCF7S, which is the parent MCF7 subline. Inhibition of key glycolytic enzyme such as hexokinase-2 resulted in cell growth retardation at higher degree in LCC2 and LCC9 than that in MCF7S. This implies that increased aerobic glycolysis even under O2-rich conditions, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect, is closely associated with tamoxifen resistance. We found that HIF-1α is activated via an Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in LCC2 and LCC9 cells without hypoxic condition. Importantly, specific inhibition of hexokinase-2 suppressed the activity of Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α axis in LCC2 and LCC9 cells. In addition, the phosphorylated AMPK which is a negative regulator of mTOR was decreased in LCC2 and LCC9 cells compared to MCF7S. Interestingly, either the inhibition of mTOR activity or increase in AMPK activity induced a reduction in lactate accumulation and cell survival in the LCC2 and LCC9 cells. Taken together, our data provide evidence that development of tamoxifen resistance may be driven by HIF-1α hyperactivation via modulation of Akt/mTOR and/or AMPK signaling pathways. Therefore, we suggest that the HIF-1α hyperactivation is a critical marker of increased aerobic glycolysis in accordance with tamoxifen resistance and thus restoration of aerobic glycolysis may be novel therapeutic target for treatment of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Woo
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women’s University, 52 Hyochangwon Road, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yubin Shin
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women’s University, 52 Hyochangwon Road, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women’s University, 52 Hyochangwon Road, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Lee
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women’s University, 52 Hyochangwon Road, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hun Jeong
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling Laboratory, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Gaegume 2 dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan
| | - Hyun Kyung Kong
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women’s University, 52 Hyochangwon Road, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women’s University, 52 Hyochangwon Road, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling Laboratory, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Gaegume 2 dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling Laboratory, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Gaegume 2 dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan
| | - Minsun Chang
- Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, 52 Hyochangwon Road, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Korea
- * E-mail: (MC); (JP)
| | - Jong-Hoon Park
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women’s University, 52 Hyochangwon Road, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (MC); (JP)
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Deacetylation of HSPA5 by HDAC6 leads to GP78-mediated HSPA5 ubiquitination at K447 and suppresses metastasis of breast cancer. Oncogene 2015; 35:1517-28. [PMID: 26119938 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Heat-shock protein 5 (HSPA5) is a marker for poor prognosis in breast cancer patients and has an important role in cancer progression, including promoting drug resistance and metastasis. In this study, we identify that the specific lysine residue 447 (K447) of HSPA5 could be modified with polyubiquitin for subsequent degradation through the ubiquitin proteasomal system, leading to the suppression of cell migration and invasion of breast cancer. We further found that GP78, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, interacted with the C-terminal region of HSPA5 and mediated HSPA5 ubiquitination and degradation. Knock down of GP78 significantly increased the expression of HSPA5 and enhanced migration/invasive ability of breast cancer cells. Knock down of histone deacetylase-6 (HDAC6) increased the acetylation of HSPA5 at lysine residues 353 (K353) and reduced GP78-mediated ubiquitination of HSPA5 at K447 and then increased cell migration/invasion. In addition, we demonstrate that E3 ubiquitin ligase GP78 preferentially binds to deacetylated HSPA5. Notably, the expression levels of GP78 inversely correlated with HSPA5 levels in breast cancer patients. Patients with low GP78 expression significantly correlated with invasiveness of breast cancer, advanced tumor stages and poor clinical outcome. Taken together, our results provide new mechanistic insights into the understanding that deacetylation of HSPA5 by HDAC6 facilitates GP78-mediated HSPA5 ubiquitination and suggest that post-translational regulation of HSPA5 protein is critical for HSPA5-mediated metastatic properties of breast cancer.
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Yang Y, Guo Y, Tan S, Ke B, Tao J, Liu H, Jiang J, Chen J, Chen G, Wu B. β-Arrestin1 enhances hepatocellular carcinogenesis through inflammation-mediated Akt signalling. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7369. [PMID: 26077142 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) constitute the largest known superfamily for signal transduction and transmission, and they control a variety of physiological and pathological processes. GPCR adaptor β-arrestins (ARRBs) play a role in cancerous proliferation. However, the effect of ARRBs in inflammation-mediated hepatocellular carcinogenesis is unknown. Here we show that ARRB1, but not ARRB2, is upregulated in inflammation-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and paracancerous tissues in humans. A genotoxic carcinogen, diethylnitrosamine (DEN), significantly induces hepatic inflammation, TNF-α production and ARRB1 expression. Although ARRB1 deficiency does not affect hepatic inflammation and TNF-α production, it markedly represses hepatocellular carcinogenesis by suppressing malignant proliferation in DEN-treated mice. Furthermore, TNF-α directly induces hepatic ARRB1 expression and enhances ARRB1 interaction with Akt by binding to boost Akt phosphorylation, resulting in malignant proliferation of liver cells. Our data suggest that ARRB1 enhances hepatocellular carcinogenesis by inflammation-mediated Akt signalling and that ARRB1 may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Yang
- 1] Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China [2] Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Yunwei Guo
- 1] Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China [2] Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Siwei Tan
- 1] Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China [2] Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Bilun Ke
- 1] Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China [2] Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Jin Tao
- 1] Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China [2] Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Huiling Liu
- 1] Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China [2] Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- 1] Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China [2] Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Jianning Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Guihua Chen
- 1] Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China [2] Department of Hepatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Bin Wu
- 1] Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China [2] Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
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Dorel M, Barillot E, Zinovyev A, Kuperstein I. Network-based approaches for drug response prediction and targeted therapy development in cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:386-91. [PMID: 26086105 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Signaling pathways implicated in cancer create a complex network with numerous regulatory loops and redundant pathways. This complexity explains frequent failure of one-drug-one-target paradigm of treatment, resulting in drug resistance in patients. To overcome the robustness of cell signaling network, cancer treatment should be extended to a combination therapy approach. Integrating and analyzing patient high-throughput data together with the information about biological signaling machinery may help deciphering molecular patterns specific to each patient and finding the best combinations of candidates for therapeutic targeting. We review state of the art in the field of targeted cancer medicine from the computational systems biology perspective. We summarize major signaling network resources and describe their characteristics with respect to applicability for drug response prediction and intervention targets suggestion. Thus discuss methods for prediction of drug sensitivity and intervention combinations using signaling networks together with high-throughput data. Gradual integration of these approaches into clinical routine will improve prediction of response to standard treatments and adjustment of intervention schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathurin Dorel
- Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248 Paris France; INSERM, U900, Paris, F-75248 France; Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, F-77300 France; Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Barillot
- Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248 Paris France; INSERM, U900, Paris, F-75248 France; Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, F-77300 France
| | - Andrei Zinovyev
- Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248 Paris France; INSERM, U900, Paris, F-75248 France; Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, F-77300 France
| | - Inna Kuperstein
- Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248 Paris France; INSERM, U900, Paris, F-75248 France; Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, F-77300 France.
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243
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Abstract
Aberrant activation of fundamental cellular processes, such as proliferation, migration and survival, underlies the development of numerous human pathophysiologies, including cancer. One of the most frequently hyperactivated pathways in cancer is the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling cascade. Three isoforms of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3) function to regulate cell survival, growth, proliferation and metabolism. Strikingly, non-redundant and even opposing functions of Akt isoforms in the regulation of phenotypes associated with malignancy in humans have been described. However, the mechanisms by which Akt isoform-specificity is conferred are largely unknown. In the present review, we highlight recent findings that have contributed to our understanding of the complexity of Akt isoform-specific signalling and discussed potential mechanisms by which this isoform-specificity is conferred. An understanding of the mechanisms of Akt isoform-specificity has important implications for the development of isoform-specific Akt inhibitors and will be critical to finding novel targets to treat disease.
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244
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Wang J, Huang Y, Guan Z, Zhang JL, Su HK, Zhang W, Yue CF, Yan M, Guan S, Liu QQ. E3-ligase Skp2 predicts poor prognosis and maintains cancer stem cell pool in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2015; 5:5591-601. [PMID: 25015320 PMCID: PMC4170633 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the severe head and neck carcinomas, which is rare in west countries but has high incidence in Southern Asia especially South China. Although NPC is relatively sensitive to radiotherapy, the prognosis of patients is poor due to the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and develop early diagnostic techniques. S-phase kinase associated protein 2 (Skp2) is overexpressed in several human cancers and associates with poor prognosis. However, its function in NPC has not been fully addressed. In this study we found Skp2 was highly expressed in NPC specimen and correlated with poor prognosis. We generated Skp2 knockdown cells to further delineate its role in NPC development. Knockdown of Skp2 partially reduced cell proliferation, promoted cellular senescence, and decreased the population of stem cell like aldehyde dehydrogenase1 positive cells as well as their self-renewal ability. Our study not only interprets the predictive role of Skp2 in the poor prognosis of NPC patients, but also reveals that Skp2 regulates the NPC cancer stem cell maintenance, which shed lights on the target therapy and early diagnosis of NPC in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State key laboratory of oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State key laboratory of oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Guan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Liang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Kai Su
- State key laboratory of oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State key laboratory of oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Feng Yue
- State key laboratory of oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Yan
- State key laboratory of oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su Guan
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quentin Qiang Liu
- State key laboratory of oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. Department of Research Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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245
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Jin G, Lee SW, Zhang X, Cai Z, Gao Y, Chou PC, Rezaeian AH, Han F, Wang CY, Yao JC, Gong Z, Chan CH, Huang CY, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH, Tu SH, Wu CH, Sarbassov DD, Ho YS, Lin HK. Skp2-Mediated RagA Ubiquitination Elicits a Negative Feedback to Prevent Amino-Acid-Dependent mTORC1 Hyperactivation by Recruiting GATOR1. Mol Cell 2015; 58:989-1000. [PMID: 26051179 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of RagA(GTP) is important for amino-acid-induced mTORC1 activation. Although GATOR1 complex has been identified as a negative regulator for mTORC1 by hydrolyzing RagA(GTP), how GATOR1 is recruited to RagA to attenuate mTORC1 signaling remains unclear. Moreover, how mTORC1 signaling is terminated upon amino acid stimulation is also unknown. We show that the recruitment of GATOR1 to RagA is induced by amino acids in an mTORC1-dependent manner. Skp2 E3 ligase drives K63-linked ubiquitination of RagA, which facilitates GATOR1 recruitment and RagA(GTP) hydrolysis, thereby providing a negative feedback loop to attenuate mTORC1 lysosomal recruitment and prevent mTORC1 hyperactivation. We further demonstrate that Skp2 promotes autophagy but inhibits cell size and cilia growth through RagA ubiquitination and mTORC1 inhibition. We thereby propose a negative feedback whereby Skp2-mediated RagA ubiquitination recruits GATOR1 to restrict mTORC1 signaling upon sustained amino acid stimulation, which serves a critical mechanism to maintain proper cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiang Jin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Szu-Wei Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhen Cai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ping-Chieh Chou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Abdol Hossein Rezaeian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chi-Yun Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Juo-Chin Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhaohui Gong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chia-Hsin Chan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Genetics, Pediatrics and Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hai Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; Center of Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Tu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 10031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Wu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 10031, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 10031, Taiwan
| | - Dos D Sarbassov
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 10031, Taiwan; School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 10031, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 10031, Taiwan; Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei 10031, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
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Hellesøy M, Lorens JB. Cellular context-mediated Akt dynamics regulates MAP kinase signaling thresholds during angiogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:2698-711. [PMID: 26023089 PMCID: PMC4501366 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-09-1378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examines the temporal regulation of Akt in endothelial cells during formation of capillary-like networks induced by cell–cell contact with vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) and vSMC-associated VEGF. Heterotypic cell–cell interaction between mural and endothelial cells alters Akt kinase protein dynamics, which regulates angiogenesis. The formation of new blood vessels by sprouting angiogenesis is tightly regulated by contextual cues that affect angiogeneic growth factor signaling. Both constitutive activation and loss of Akt kinase activity in endothelial cells impair angiogenesis, suggesting that Akt dynamics mediates contextual microenvironmental regulation. We explored the temporal regulation of Akt in endothelial cells during formation of capillary-like networks induced by cell–cell contact with vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) and vSMC-associated VEGF. Expression of constitutively active Akt1 strongly inhibited network formation, whereas hemiphosphorylated Akt1 epi-alleles with reduced kinase activity had an intermediate inhibitory effect. Conversely, inhibition of Akt signaling did not affect endothelial cell migration or morphogenesis in vSMC cocultures that generate capillary-like structures. We found that endothelial Akt activity is transiently blocked by proteasomal degradation in the presence of SMCs during the initial phase of capillary-like structure formation. Suppressed Akt activity corresponded to the increased endothelial MAP kinase signaling that was required for angiogenic endothelial morphogenesis. These results reveal a regulatory principle by which cellular context regulates Akt protein dynamics, which determines MAP kinase signaling thresholds necessary drive a morphogenetic program during angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Hellesøy
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - James B Lorens
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5009 Bergen, Norway Center for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
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Abstract
Akt/PKB, a serine/threonine kinase member of the AGC family of proteins, is involved in the regulation of a plethora of cellular processes triggered by a wide diversity of extracellular signals and is thus considered a key signalling molecule in higher eukaryotes. Deregulation of Akt signalling is associated with a variety of human diseases, revealing Akt-dependent pathways as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Since its discovery in the early 1990s, a large body of work has focused on Akt phosphorylation of two residues, Thr308 and Ser473, and modification of these two sites has been established as being equivalent to Akt activation. More recently, Akt has been identified as a substrate for many different post-translational modifications, including not only phosphorylation of other residues, but also acetylation, glycosylation, oxidation, ubiquitination and SUMOylation. These modifications could provide additional regulatory steps for fine-tuning Akt function, Akt trafficking within the cell and/or for determining the substrate specificity of this signalling molecule. In the present review, we provide an overview of these different post-translational modifications identified for Akt, focusing on their consequences for this kinase activity.
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248
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Skp2-macroH2A1-CDK8 axis orchestrates G2/M transition and tumorigenesis. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6641. [PMID: 25818643 PMCID: PMC4500169 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism by which cell growth, migration, polyploidy, and tumorigenesis are regulated may provide important therapeutic strategies for cancer therapy. Here we identify the Skp2-macroH2A1 (mH2A1)-cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) axis as a critical pathway for these processes, and deregulation of this pathway is associated with human breast cancer progression and patient survival outcome. We showed that mH2A1 is a new substrate of Skp2 SCF complex whose degradation by Skp2 promotes CDK8 gene and protein expression. Strikingly, breast tumour suppression on Skp2 deficiency can be rescued by mH2A1 knockdown or CDK8 restoration using mouse tumour models. We further show that CDK8 regulates p27 protein expression by facilitating Skp2-mediated p27 ubiquitination and degradation. Our study establishes a critical role of Skp2-mH2A1-CDK8 axis in breast cancer development and targeting this pathway offers a promising strategy for breast cancer therapy.
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249
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Qi F, He T, Jia L, Song N, Guo L, Ma X, Wang C, Xu M, Fu Y, Li L, Luo Y. The miR-30 Family Inhibits Pulmonary Vascular Hyperpermeability in the Premetastatic Phase by Direct Targeting of Skp2. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3071-80. [PMID: 25810374 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Before metastasis, primary tumor can create a premetastatic niche in distant organ to facilitate the dissemination of tumor cells. In the premetastatic phase, the permeability of pulmonary vasculatures is increased to accelerate the extravasation of circulating tumor cells. However, it is not clear whether local miRNAs contribute to the vascular hyperpermeability of the premetastatic niche. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression of total miRNAs was determined using microarray in series of premetastatic lungs from tumor-bearing mice. Significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were identified and validated with qRT-PCR. Vascular permeability assays, vascular mimic systems, and orthotopic tumor models were used to investigate roles of selected miRNAs and target genes in premetastatic hyperpermeability. RESULTS We identified a miRNA signature in premetastatic lungs. Among these miRNAs, miR-30a, b, c, d, and e were significantly attenuated. Subsequent investigations elucidated that lung fibroblast-derived miR-30s stabilized pulmonary vessels. Overexpression of miR-30s in lungs postponed metastasis and extended overall survival of B16 tumor-bearing mice. Following studies uncovered that Skp2 was directly targeted by miR-30s. Overexpression of Skp2 could disrupt pulmonary vessels, promote lung metastasis, and decrease overall survival of B16 tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings illuminate a novel mechanism for the modulation of premetastatic niches by miR-30s, which suggest that miR-30s represent not only promising targets for antimetastasis therapy but also indicators for metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Qi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lifang Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuhui Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunying Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhang Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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250
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Roles of ubiquitination and SUMOylation on prostate cancer: mechanisms and clinical implications. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:4560-80. [PMID: 25734985 PMCID: PMC4394435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16034560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The initiation and progression of human prostate cancer are highly associated with aberrant dysregulations of tumor suppressors and proto-oncogenes. Despite that deletions and mutations of tumor suppressors and aberrant elevations of oncogenes at the genetic level are reported to cause cancers, emerging evidence has revealed that cancer progression is largely regulated by posttranslational modifications (PTMs) and epigenetic alterations. PTMs play critical roles in gene regulation, cellular functions, tissue development, diseases, malignant progression and drug resistance. Recent discoveries demonstrate that ubiquitination and SUMOylation are complicated but highly-regulated PTMs, and make essential contributions to diseases and cancers by regulation of key factors and signaling pathways. Ubiquitination and SUMOylation pathways can be differentially modulated under various stimuli or stresses in order to produce the sustained oncogenic potentials. In this review, we discuss some new insights about molecular mechanisms on ubiquitination and SUMOylation, their associations with diseases, oncogenic impact on prostate cancer (PCa) and clinical implications for PCa treatment.
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