201
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Shun K, Ying-Li S, Zhi-Juan L, Jian-Liang L, Feng X, Lu-Jiao D, Peng Y, Jiang S, Zhi-Jing X. Stimulation of lipopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas aeruginosa following H9N2 IAV infection exacerbates inflammatory responses of alveolar macrophages and decreases virus replication. Microb Pathog 2023; 182:106254. [PMID: 37481007 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
H9N2 IAV infection contributed to P. aeruginosa coinfection, causing severe hemorrhagic pneumonia in mink. In this study, the in vitro alveolar macrophage models were developed to investigate the innate immune responses to P. aeruginosa LPS stimulation following H9N2 IAV infection, using MH-S cells. The cytokine levels, apoptosis levels and the viral nucleic acid levels were detected and analyzed. As a result, the levels of IFN-α, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in MH-S cells with P. aeruginosa LPS stimulation following H9N2 IAV infection were significantly higher than those in MH-S cells with single H9N2 IAV infection and single LPS stimulation (P < 0.05), exacerbating inflammatory responses. LPS stimulation aggravated the apoptosis of MH-S cells with H9N2 IAV infection. Interestingly, LPS stimulation influences H9N2 IAV replication and indirectly reduced H9N2 IAV replications in in vitro AMs. It implied that LPS should play an important role in the pathogenesis of H9N2 IAV and P. aeruginosa coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Shun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Sun Ying-Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Li Zhi-Juan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Li Jian-Liang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Dong Lu-Jiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Shijin Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Xie Zhi-Jing
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
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202
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Balkrishna A, Sinha S, Kumar A, Arya V, Gautam AK, Valis M, Kuca K, Kumar D, Amarowicz R. Sepsis-mediated renal dysfunction: Pathophysiology, biomarkers and role of phytoconstituents in its management. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115183. [PMID: 37487442 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis has evolved as an enormous health issue amongst critically ill patients. It is a major risk factor that results in multiple organ failure and shock. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most frequent complications underlying sepsis, which portends a heavy burden of mortality and morbidity. Thus, the present review is aimed to provide an insight into the recent progression in the molecular mechanisms targeting dysregulated immune response and cellular dysfunction involved in the development of sepsis-associated AKI, accentuating the phytoconstituents as eligible candidates for attenuating the onset and progression of sepsis-associated AKI. The pathogenesis of sepsis-mediated AKI entails a complicated mechanism and is likely to involve a distinct constellation of hemodynamic, inflammatory, and immune mechanisms. Novel biomarkers like neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1, procalcitonin, alpha-1-microglobulin, and presepsin can help in a more sensitive diagnosis of sepsis-associated AKI. Many bioactive compounds like curcumin, resveratrol, baicalin, quercetin, and polydatin are reported to play an important role in the prevention and management of sepsis-associated AKI by decreasing serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, cystatin C, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-κB, and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and level of PPARγ. The plant bioactive compounds could be developed into a drug-developing candidate in managing sepsis-mediated acute kidney injury after detailed follow-up studies. Lastly, the gut-kidney axis may be a more promising therapeutic target against the onset of septic AKI, but a deeper understanding of the molecular pathways is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Sugandh Sinha
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India.
| | - Vedpriya Arya
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Gautam
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Martin Valis
- Department of Neurology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové and University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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203
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Wang YH, Wang ML, Tao YC, Wu DB, Chen EQ, Tang H. The high level of IL-1β in the serum of ACLF patients induces increased IL-8 expression in hUC-MSCs and reduces the efficacy of hUC-MSCs in liver failure. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:231. [PMID: 37649110 PMCID: PMC10468895 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cells play a therapeutic role mainly through immunoregulation. However, the immunomodulatory function of stem cells may be affected by inflammation-related factors in patients' serum. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the possible mechanism by which acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patient serum influences the efficacy of hUC-MSCs. METHODS The serum of surviving and dead ACLF patients was collected to culture hUC-MSCs in vitro, and the hUC-MSCs cultured in the serum of ACLF patients were used to treat acute liver failure (ALF) rats. The therapeutic effect on the rats was evaluated by a survival curve, the transaminase level and liver histopathology. The expression of cytokines in hUC-MSCs was detected by Q-PCR and ELISA. RESULTS Serum pretreatment reduced the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs on ALF, especially pretreatment in the serum from dead ACLF patients. After hUC-MSCs were cultured in the serum of surviving or dead ACLF patients, the most differentially expressed factor was IL-8. Interfering with the expression of IL-8 in hUC-MSCs can improve the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs on ALF. The high level of IL-1β in the serum of dead ACLF patients causes the increased expression of IL-8 in hUC-MSCs through the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Meanwhile, we found that the neutralizing IL-1β in serum from dead ACLF patients can improve the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs on ALF. CONCLUSION The high level of IL-1β in ACLF serum can promote the expression of IL-8 in hUC-MSCs through the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus reducing the effect of hUC-MSCs on ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hong Wang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng-Lan Wang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Chao Tao
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong-Bo Wu
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - En-Qiang Chen
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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204
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Cunningham P, Unger CA, Patton EA, Aiken A, Browne A, James E, Aladhami AK, Hope 3rd MC, VanderVeen BN, Cardaci TD, Murphy EA, Enos RT, Velázquez KT. Platelet status in cancer cachexia progression in Apc Min/+ mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1253587. [PMID: 37701438 PMCID: PMC10493779 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1253587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cachexia, a complex wasting syndrome, significantly affects the quality of life and treatment options for cancer patients. Studies have reported a strong correlation between high platelet count and decreased survival in cachectic individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the immunopathogenesis of cancer cachexia using the ApcMin/+ mouse model of spontaneous colorectal cancer. The research focused on identifying cellular elements in the blood at different stages of cancer cachexia, assessing inflammatory markers and fibrogenic factors in the skeletal muscle, and studying the behavioral and metabolic phenotype of ApcMin/+ mice at the pre-cachectic and severely cachectic stages. Platelet measurements were also obtained from other animal models of cancer cachexia - Lewis Lung Carcinoma and Colon 26 adenocarcinoma. Our study revealed that platelet number is elevated prior to cachexia development in ApcMin/+ mice and can become activated during its progression. We also observed increased expression of TGFβ2, TGFβ3, and SMAD3 in the skeletal muscle of pre-cachectic ApcMin/+ mice. In severely cachectic mice, we observed an increase in Ly6g, CD206, and IL-10 mRNA. Meanwhile, IL-1β gene expression was elevated in the pre-cachectic stage. Our behavioral and metabolic phenotyping results indicate that pre-cachectic ApcMin/+ mice exhibit decreased physical activity. Additionally, we found an increase in anemia at pre-cachectic and severely cachectic stages. These findings highlight the altered platelet status during early and late stages of cachexia and provide a basis for further investigation of platelets in the field of cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Cunningham
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Christian A. Unger
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Emma A. Patton
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Akyla Aiken
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Columbia Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Alea Browne
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Ella James
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Ahmed K. Aladhami
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Marion C. Hope 3rd
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Brandon N. VanderVeen
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Thomas D. Cardaci
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - E. Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Reilly T. Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Kandy T. Velázquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Columbia Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Columbia, SC, United States
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205
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Park SY, Kim KS, Lee WY, Kim CE, Lee S. Integrative Approach to Identifying System-Level Mechanisms of Chung-Sang-Bo-Ha-Hwan's Influence on Respiratory Tract Diseases: A Network Pharmacological Analysis with Experimental Validation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3024. [PMID: 37687271 PMCID: PMC10489874 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Chung-Sang-Bo-Ha-Hwan (CSBHH) is an herbal prescription widely used to treat various chronic respiratory diseases. To investigate the system-level treatment mechanisms of CSBHH in respiratory tract diseases, we identified 56 active ingredients of CSBHH and evaluated the degree of overlap between their targets and respiratory tract disease-associated proteins. We then investigated the respiratory tract disease-related signaling pathways associated with CSBHH targets. Enrichment analysis showed that the CSBHH targets were significantly associated with various signaling pathways related to inflammation, alveolar structure, and tissue fibrosis. Experimental validation was conducted using phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated NCI-H292 cells by analyzing the mRNA expression levels of biomarkers (IL-1β and TNF-α for inflammation; GSTP1, GSTM1, and PTEN for apoptosis) derived from network pharmacological analysis, in addition to the mucin genes MUC5AC and MUC2, to investigate the phlegm-expelling effect of CSBHH. The mRNA expression levels of these genes were consistent with network pharmacological predictions in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that the therapeutic mechanisms of CSBHH in respiratory tract diseases could be attributed to the simultaneous action of multiple active ingredients in the herbal prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sa-Yoon Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.P.); (W.-Y.L.)
| | - Kang-Sub Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - Won-Yung Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.P.); (W.-Y.L.)
| | - Chang-Eop Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.P.); (W.-Y.L.)
| | - Sullim Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Bio-Nano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
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206
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Yin N, Zhang W, Sun XX, Wei R, Yang Q, He F, Li C, Guo L, Feng M. Artificial cells delivering itaconic acid induce anti-inflammatory memory-like macrophages to reverse acute liver failure and prevent reinjury. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101132. [PMID: 37541252 PMCID: PMC10439255 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic macrophages represent a key cellular component of the liver and are essential for the progression of acute liver failure (ALF). We construct artificial apoptotic cells loaded with itaconic acid (AI-Cells), wherein the compositions of the synthetic plasma membrane and surface topology are rationally engineered. AI-Cells are predominantly localized to the liver and further transport to hepatic macrophages. Intravenous administration of AI-Cells modulates macrophage inflammation to protect the liver from acetaminophen-induced ALF. Mechanistically, AI-Cells act on caspase-1 to suppress NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated cleavage of pro-IL-1β into its active form in macrophages. Notably, AI-Cells specifically induce anti-inflammatory memory-like hepatic macrophages in ALF mice, which prevent constitutive overproduction of IL-1β when liver reinjury occurs. In light of AI-Cells' precise delivery and training of memory-like hepatic macrophages, they offer promising therapeutic potential in reversing ALF by finely controlling inflammatory responses and orchestrating liver homeostasis, which potentially affect the treatment of various types of liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Sun
- Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Runxiu Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fengming He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, South Xiang-An Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Changrui Li
- Guangzhou Zhixin High School, Zhixin South Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ling Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Min Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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207
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Xiao X, Hu H, Zhong Y, Chen Y, Tang K, Pan Z, Huang J, Yang X, Wang Q, Gao Y. Microglia Sirt6 modulates the transcriptional activity of NRF2 to ameliorate high-fat diet-induced obesity. Mol Med 2023; 29:108. [PMID: 37582706 PMCID: PMC10428617 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia play a pivotal role in neuroinflammation, while obesity triggers hypothalamic microglia activation and inflammation. Sirt6 is an important regulator of energy metabolism in many peripheral tissues and hypothalamic anorexic neurons. However, the exact mechanism for microglia Sirt6 in controlling high-fat diet-induced obesity remain unknown. METHODS Microglia Sirt6 expression levels under various nutritional conditions were measured in the hypothalamus of mice. Also, microglia Sirt6-deficient mice were provided various diets to monitor metabolic changes and hypothalamic inflammatory response. Besides, RNA-seq and Co-IP of microglia with Sirt6 alterations were conducted to further investigate the detailed mechanism by which Sirt6 modulated microglia activity. RESULTS We found that Sirt6 was downregulated in hypothalamic microglia in mice given a high-fat diet (HFD). Additionally, knockout of microglia Sirt6 exacerbated high-fat diet-induced hypothalamic microglial activation and inflammation. As a result, mice were more prone to obesity, exhibiting a decrease in energy expenditure, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin and leptin resistance, and increased food intake. In vitro, Sirt6 overexpression in BV2 cells displayed protective effects against oleic acid and palmitic acid treatment-derived inflammatory response. Mechanically, Sirt6 deacetylated and stabilised NRF2 to increase the expression of anti-oxidative genes and defend against reactive oxygen species overload. Pharmacological inhibition of NRF2 eliminated the beneficial modulating effects of Sirt6 on microglial activity. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results revealed that microglial Sirt6 was a primary contributor of microglial activation in the central regulation of obesity. Thus, microglial Sirt6 may be an important therapeutic target for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Xiao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510289, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510289, China
| | - Yadi Zhong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yingjian Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kaijia Tang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhisen Pan
- First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiawen Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yong Gao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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208
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Kembou-Ringert JE, Steinhagen D, Thompson KD, Daly JM, Adamek M. Immune responses to Tilapia lake virus infection: what we know and what we don't know. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1240094. [PMID: 37622112 PMCID: PMC10445761 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1240094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is a novel contagious pathogen associated with a lethal disease affecting and decimating tilapia populations on several continents across the globe. Fish viral diseases, such as Tilapia lake virus disease (TiLVD), represent a serious threat to tilapia aquaculture. Therefore, a better understanding of the innate immune responses involved in establishing an antiviral state can help shed light on TiLV disease pathogenesis. Moreover, understanding the adaptive immune mechanisms involved in mounting protection against TiLV could greatly assist in the development of vaccination strategies aimed at controlling TiLVD. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the immune responses following TiLV infection. After describing the main pathological findings associated with TiLVD, both the innate and adaptive immune responses and mechanisms to TiLV infection are discussed, in both disease infection models and in vitro studies. In addition, our work, highlights research questions, knowledge gaps and research areas in the immunology of TiLV infection where further studies are needed to better understand how disease protection against TiLV is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Japhette E. Kembou-Ringert
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dieter Steinhagen
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kim D. Thompson
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, United Kingdom
| | - Janet M. Daly
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, United Kingdom
| | - Mikolaj Adamek
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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209
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Sun R, Qu Z, Ji C, Yang X, Zhang Y, Zou X. Optimum Reaction Conditions for the Synthesis of Selenized Ornithogalum caudatum Ait. (Liliaceae) Polysaccharides and Measurement of Their Antioxidant Activity In Vivo. Molecules 2023; 28:5929. [PMID: 37570899 PMCID: PMC10420663 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study determined the optimum reaction conditions for synthesizing selenium-containing polysaccharides. Polysaccharide IIA (with the highest yield) from Ornithogalum caudatum Ait. (Liliaceae) (OCAPIIA) was extracted and purified. Then, three parameters were selected to optimize the synthesis of selenized OCAPIIA (Se-OCAPIIA) using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The morphology of Se-OCAPIIA was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characteristic peaks and the monosaccharide composition of Se-OCAPIIA were evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography. A D-galactose-induced aging mouse model was established, and the in vivo antioxidant activity of Se-OCAPIIA was measured. The optimal conditions for the synthesis of Se-OCAPIIA were as follows: reaction temperature, 72.38 °C; Na2SeO3 to OCAPIIA mass ratio, 0.93 g/g; and reaction time, 8.05 h. The selenium content of Se-OCAPIIA obtained using the optimized process was 3.131 ± 0.090 mg/g, close to the maximum predicted value (3.152 mg/g). Se-OCAPIIA contained D-mannose, D-glucose, and D-galactose at a molar ratio of 1.00:0.34:0.88. SEM showed that Se-OCAPIIA was spherical and flocculated. Compared with OCAPIIA, Se-OCAPIIA exhibited two characteristic peaks at 833 and 610 cm-1 in the infrared spectrum. Se-OCAPIIA increased catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities and decreased MDA concentrations in the mouse liver. Moreover, Se-OCAPIIA treatment improved liver morphology, decreased the levels of IL-1β and IL-6, and increased IL-10 concentration. In conclusion, the synthesis of Se-OCAPIIA is effective, simple, and feasible. Se-OCAPIIA demonstrated high antioxidant activity in vivo and is a promising antioxidant and therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renshuang Sun
- Medical College, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua 134001, China;
| | - Zhongyuan Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; (C.J.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chenfeng Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; (C.J.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; (C.J.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yiqiao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; (C.J.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiang Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; (C.J.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.)
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210
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Wang M, Jin G, Cheng Y, Guan SY, Zheng J, Zhang SX. Genetically predicted circulating levels of cytokines and the risk of depression: a bidirectional Mendelian-randomization study. Front Genet 2023; 14:1242614. [PMID: 37600668 PMCID: PMC10436531 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1242614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Inflammatory cytokines disturbance is the main result of immune dysregulation, which is widely described in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the potential causal relationship between these two factors has not been discovered. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and MDD risk by using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Method: Two genetic instruments obtained from publicly available gene profile data were utilized for the analysis. We obtained the genetic variation data of 41 inflammatory cytokines from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) meta-analysis of 8293 individuals of Finnish descent. The MDD data, including 135,458 MDD cases and 344,901 controls, were obtained from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Database. For the Mendelian randomization (MR) estimation, several methods were employed, namely, MR-Egger regression, inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods. Result: A causal relationship was identified between the genetically proxied levels of Interleukin (IL) -18, IL-1β, and Regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and the risk of MDD (OR = 0.968, 95%CI = 0.938, 0.998, p = 0.036; OR = 0.875, 95%CI = 0.787, 0.971, p = 0.012; OR = 0.947, 95%CI = 0.902, 0.995, p = 0.03; respectively). However, our Mendelian randomization (MR) estimates provided no causality of MDD on inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: Our study elucidates the connection between inflammatory cytokines and MDD by using MR analysis, thereby enhancing our comprehension of the potential mechanisms. By identifying these associations, our findings hold substantial implications for the development of more effective treatments aimed at improving patient outcomes. However, further investigation is required to fully comprehend the exact biological mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiti Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guixiang Jin
- Shanghai Yangpu Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Yang Guan
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jinxin Zheng
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research—Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun-Xian Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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211
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Wang L, Zhang H, Tang F, Yan H, Feng W, Liu J, Wang Y, Tan Y, Chen H. Therapeutic Effects of Valeriana jatamansi on Ulcerative Colitis: Insights into Mechanisms of Action through Metabolomics and Microbiome Analysis. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:2669-2682. [PMID: 37475705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), belonging to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, which has not been completely cured in patients so far. Valeriana jatamansi is a Chinese medicine used clinically to treat "diarrhea," which is closely related to UC. This study was to elucidate the therapeutic effects of V. jatamansi extract (VJE) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC in mice and its underlying mechanism. In this work, VJE effectively ameliorates the symptoms and histopathological scores and reduces the production of inflammatory factors in UC mice. The colon untargeted metabolomics analysis and 16S rDNA sequencing showed remarkable differences in colon metabolite profiles and intestinal microbiome composition between the control and DSS groups, and VJE intervention can reduce these differences. Thirty-two biomarkers were found and modulated the primary pathways including pyrimidine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism. Meanwhile, twelve significant taxa of gut microbiota were found. Moreover, there is a close relationship between endogenous metabolites and intestinal flora. These findings suggested that VJE ameliorates UC by inhibiting inflammatory factors, recovering intestinal maladjustment, and regulating the interaction between intestinal microbiota and host metabolites. Therefore, the intervention of V. jatamansi is a potential therapeutic treatment for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Fei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Hongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Wuwen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Yulan Wang
- Singapore Phenome Center, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Yuzhu Tan
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Hulan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
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212
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Liu X, Lin C, Zhong W, Yuan Z, Yan P, Guan S. Effective Attenuation of Arteriosclerosis Following Lymphatic-Targeted Delivery of Hyaluronic Acid-Decorated Rapamycin Liposomes. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4403-4419. [PMID: 37551276 PMCID: PMC10404413 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s410653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The activation of lymphatic vessel function is the crux to resolving atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease. Rapamycin (RAPA) recently has attracted considerable attention as a potent drug to induce atherosclerotic plaque attenuation. The objective of this work was to develop a ligand-decorated, RAPA-loaded liposome for lymphatic-targeted delivery of drugs to improve abnormal lymphatic structure and function, resulting in highly effective regression of atherosclerotic plaques. Methods Hyaluronic acid-decorated, RAPA-loaded liposomes (HA-RL) were fabricated by emulsion-solvent evaporation. The average size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency were characterized, and the stability and drug release in vitro were investigated. Furthermore, the in vitro and in vivo lymphatic targeting ability were evaluated on lymphatic endothelial cells and LDLR-/- mice, and the efficiency of this nano-system in inducing the attenuation of atherosclerotic plaques was confirmed. Results HA-RL had a size of 100 nm, over 90% drug encapsulation efficiency, the storage stability was distinguished, demonstrating a slow release from the lipid nano-carriers. The mean retention time (MRT) and elimination half-life (t1/2β) achieved from HA-RL were 100.27±73.08 h and 70.74±50.80 h, respectively. HA-RL acquired the most prominent efficacy of lymphatic-targeted delivery and atherosclerotic plaques attenuation, implying the successful implementation of this novel drug delivery system in vivo. Conclusion HA-RL exhibited the most appreciable lymphatic targeting ability and best atherosclerotic plaques attenuation efficiency, opening a new paradigm and promising perspective for the treatment of arteriosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Biomedicine Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caiyan Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Biomedicine Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Biomedicine Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongwen Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Biomedicine Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengke Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Biomedicine Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shixia Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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213
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Pérez Gómez AA, Wang M, Kochan K, Amstalden K, Young CR, Welsh CJ, Phillips TD, Brinkmeyer-Langford CL. C57BL/6J mice exposed to perfluorooctanoic acid demonstrate altered immune responses and increased seizures after Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1228509. [PMID: 37600798 PMCID: PMC10434537 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1228509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neurological diseases can stem from environmental influences such as antecedent viral infections or exposure to potential toxicants, some of which can trigger immune responses leading to neurological symptoms. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is used to model human neurological conditions associated with prior viral infections, with outcomes partly attributable to improper induction and regulation of the immune response. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) can alter pathologies known to influence neurological disease such as inflammatory responses, cytokine expression, and glial activation. Co-exposure to TMEV and PFOA was used to test the hypothesis that early life exposure to the potential immunotoxicant PFOA would affect immune responses so as to render TMEV-resistant C57BL/6J (B6) mice susceptible to viral-induced neurological disease. Methods Neonate B6 mice were exposed to different treatments: non-injected, sham-infected with PBS, and TMEV-infected, with the drinking water of each group including either 70 ppt PFOA or filtered water. The effects of PFOA were evaluated by comparing neurological symptoms and changes in immune-related cytokine and chemokine production induced by viral infection. Immune responses of 23 cytokines and chemokines were measured before and after infection to determine the effects of PFOA exposure on immune response. Results Prior to infection, an imbalance between Th1, Th2, and Treg cytokines was observed in PFOA-exposed mice, suppressing IL-4 and IL-13 production. However, the balance was restored and characterized by an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in the non-infected group, and a decrease in IL-10 in the PFOA + TMEV group. Furthermore, the PFOA + TMEV group experienced an increase in seizure frequency and severity. Discussion Overall, these findings provide insight into the complex roles of immune responses in the pathogenesis of virus-associated neurological diseases influenced by co-exposures to viruses and immunotoxic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aracely A. Pérez Gómez
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Meichen Wang
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Kelli Kochan
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Katia Amstalden
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Colin R. Young
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - C. Jane Welsh
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Timothy D. Phillips
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Candice L. Brinkmeyer-Langford
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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214
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Yu Q, Sun Z, Wang Y, Du X, Huang J, Wang L. Hyperuricemia is accompanied by elevated peripheral CD4 + T cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12537. [PMID: 37532790 PMCID: PMC10397288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39775-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) makes a chronic inflammation status, which affects immune cells. The association between HUA and immune cells, such as monocytes and neutrophils, has been extensively studied. However, studies on HUA and lymphocytes are still limited. We selected 1543 healthy participants and 258 individuals with HUA to analyze the correlation between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and immune cells, and 98 healthy participants and 16 individuals with HUA were used to study the relationship between SUA levels and cytokine levels. Then, we used soluble UA to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro and examined lymphocyte subset counts and activation by flow cytometry. The results revealed that the number of lymphocytes in the HUA group was significantly increased, particularly CD4+ T cell numbers, which were higher than those in the total population (P = 0.0019), females (P = 0.0142), and males (P = 0.0199) of the healthy control group. Concomitantly, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 levels significantly increased in people with HUA (P = 0.0254; P = 0.0019). In vitro, soluble UA promoted the proliferation and activation of CD4+ T and CD19+ B cells. Thus, HUA is accompanied by elevated peripheral CD4+ T cells and may cause a Th2-dominant immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyang Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyi Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liying Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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215
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de Mendonça Filho EJ, Pokhvisneva I, Maalouf CM, Parent C, Mliner SB, Slopen N, Williams DR, Bush NR, Boyce WT, Levitt P, Nelson CA, Gunnar MR, Meaney MJ, Shonkoff JP, Silveira PP. Linking specific biological signatures to different childhood adversities: findings from the HERO project. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:564-574. [PMID: 36650307 PMCID: PMC10382309 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although investigations have begun to differentiate biological and neurobiological responses to a variety of adversities, studies considering both endocrine and immune function in the same datasets are limited. METHODS Associations between proximal (family functioning, caregiver depression, and anxiety) and distal (SES-D; socioeconomic disadvantage) early-life adversities with salivary inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) and hair HPA markers (cortisol, cortisone, and dehydroepiandrosterone) were examined in two samples of young U.S. children (N = 142; N = 145). RESULTS Children exposed to higher SES-D had higher levels of TNF-α (B = 0.13, p = 0.011), IL-1β (B = 0.10, p = 0.033), and DHEA (B = 0.16, p = 0.011). Higher family dysfunction was associated with higher cortisol (B = 0.08, p = 0.033) and cortisone (B = 0.05, p = 0.003). An interaction between SES-D and family dysfunction was observed for cortisol levels (p = 0.020) whereby children exposed to lower/average levels of SES-D exhibited a positive association between family dysfunction and cortisol levels, whereas children exposed to high levels of SES-D did not. These findings were partially replicated in the second sample. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that these biological response systems may react differently to different forms of early-life adversity. IMPACT Different forms of early-life adversity have varied stress signatures, and investigations of early-life adversities with inflammation and HPA markers are lacking. Children with higher socioeconomic disadvantage had higher TNF-α, IL-1β, and DHEA. Higher family dysfunction was associated with higher hair cortisol and cortisone levels, and the association between family dysfunction and cortisol was moderated by socioeconomic disadvantage. Biological response systems (immune and endocrine) were differentially associated with distinct forms of early-life adversities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euclides José de Mendonça Filho
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Irina Pokhvisneva
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christina Maria Maalouf
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carine Parent
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shanna B Mliner
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Natalie Slopen
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David R Williams
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William Thomas Boyce
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pat Levitt
- Department of Pediatrics and Program in Developmental Neuroscience and Developmental Neurogenetics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles A Nelson
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Megan R Gunnar
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jack P Shonkoff
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center on the Developing Child, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Patricia Pelufo Silveira
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Lim HJ, Park JE, Han JS. HM-chromanone alleviates hyperglycemia and inflammation in mice with endotoxin-induced insulin resistance. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:665-674. [PMID: 37663814 PMCID: PMC10470335 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate whether (E)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-(2'-hydroxybenzyl)-4-chromanone alleviates inflammation and hyperglycemia in mice with endotoxin-induced insulin resistance. (E)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-(2'-hydroxybenzyl)-4-chromanone (10, 30, and 50 mg/kg bodyweight) was orally pre-administered to C57BL/6 J mice. An hour later, lipopolysaccharides (20 mg/kg bodyweight) was administered intraperitoneally to induce endotoxins. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein of the mice every 0, 30, and 90 min. The results indicated that (E)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-(2'-hydroxybenzyl)-4-chromanone effectively regulated blood glucose levels in mice with endotoxin-induced insulin resistance. Furthermore, (E)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-(2'-hydroxybenzyl)-4-chromanone significantly reduced the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin, ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1, and protein kinase C θ. Additionally, (E)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-(2'-hydroxybenzyl)-4-chromanone suppressed the phosphorylation of c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase and IkB kinase β, thereby decreasing the phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B α and activating the nuclear factor-κB and activator protein-1 in the liver. Therefore, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β was significantly reduced by suppressing the nuclear factor-κB and activator protein 1 activity. Suppression of mammalian target of rapamycin, S6 kinase 1, protein kinase C θ, c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase, and IkB kinase β also ameliorated insulin resistance by reducing the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 serine 307, thereby decreasing hyperglycemia. These findings suggest that (E)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-(2'-hydroxybenzyl)-4-chromanone can alleviate hyperglycemia and inflammation in mice with endotoxin-induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha J Lim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, The Republic of Korea
| | - Jae E Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, The Republic of Korea
| | - Ji S Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, The Republic of Korea
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217
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Lama M, Sarkar R, Ghosh B. Serum Cytokine Profiles in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Before and After Treatment with Methotrexate. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:344-350. [PMID: 37566477 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune illness affecting around 1% of the population globally. Cytokines have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of RA. The objectives of the present study were to compare the serum cytokine profiles between methotrexate (MTX)-treated and MTX-naive RA patient groups, MTX-treated RA patient group and healthy controls, and MTX-naive RA patient group and healthy controls. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to quantify the serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17, IL-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and IL-10 in 80 RA patients (48 MTX treated and 32 MTX naive) and 80 healthy controls. For all cytokine assays, absorbance was measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader (Bio-Rad). Independent sample t-test was used to compare the serum cytokine concentrations between the study groups using SPSS version 25. MTX-treated RA patient group had significantly reduced serum levels of TNF-α (36.13 ± 17.64 versus 45.82 ± 23.07, *P = 0.037), IL-17 (307.85 ± 151.74 versus 435.42 ± 241.19, **P = 0.006), and IFN-γ (414.93 ± 212.13 versus 527.15 ± 269.61, *P = 0.041) compared to MTX-naive RA patients. Both MTX-treated and MTX-naive RA patient groups had significantly high serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17, IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-10 when compared to healthy controls (***P < 0.001). Downregulation of the serum concentrations of certain key cytokines, viz. TNF-α, IL-17, and IFN-γ, demonstrates the anti-inflammatory effect of MTX in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Lama
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, India
| | - Rajat Sarkar
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, India
| | - Bappaditya Ghosh
- Department of Orthopaedics, Malda Medical College and Hospital, Malda, India
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218
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Higham JP, Cooper EB, Whalen C, Stahl-Hennig C, Giavedoni LD, Heistermann M. Urinary cytokine measurements do not reflect surgery-induced inflammation in rhesus macaques. Am J Primatol 2023; 85:e23506. [PMID: 37222418 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of the health and disease status of free-ranging primates is often limited by a lack of available biomarkers of immune activation and inflammation that can be applied noninvasively via the measurement of urine or fecal samples. Here, we evaluate the potential usefulness of noninvasive urinary measurements of a number of cytokines, chemokines, and other markers of inflammation and infection. We took advantage of surgery-associated inflammation in seven captive rhesus macaques, collecting urine samples before and after the medical interventions. We measured these urine samples for 33 different markers of inflammation and immune activation that are known to be responsive to inflammation and infection in rhesus macaque blood samples, via the Luminex platform. We also measured all samples for concentrations of the soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), which we had validated in a prior study as an effective biomarker of inflammation. Despite urine samples being collected in captivity under ideal conditions (clean, no contamination with feces or soil, frozen quickly), 13/33 biomarkers measured via Luminex were found at concentrations below detection limits in >50% of samples. Of the remaining 20 markers, only 2 showed significant increases in response to surgery-IL18 and MPO (myeloperoxidase). However, suPAR measurements of the same samples show a consistent marked increase in response to surgery that is absent from the patterns of IL18 and MPO measurement. Given that our samples were collected under conditions that are greatly preferable to those usually encountered in the field, urinary cytokine measurements via the Luminex platform seem overall unpromising for primate field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Higham
- Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eve B Cooper
- Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Connor Whalen
- Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Luis D Giavedoni
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Texas, San Antonio, USA
- Department of Biology, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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219
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Penbe A, Oklar M, Kanar HS, Bayrak MZ, Ersarı B, Talan M, Gün RD, Orçun A, Şimşek Ş. The effects of facial mask use on ocular surface parameters and tear film cytokine profile in prolonged use. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:2623-2632. [PMID: 36856985 PMCID: PMC9975438 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02661-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare tear fluid levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and IL-1ß cytokines between healthcare workers wearing facial masks and controls with correlations in clinical findings. METHODS In a prospective, controlled clinical trial tear fluid was analyzed for MMP-9 and IL-1ß levels using a commercially available test (Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Waltham, Massachusetts, USA). Symptoms and signs of dry eye disease (DED) were evaluated using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), noninvasive tear break-up time (NIBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), Oxford corneal staining, meibomiography, and clinical findings of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). RESULTS In the 38 eyes of healthcare workers and 30 eyes of controls, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age and sex (p > 0.05). The mean OSDI score, daily mask wear time, meibomiography degree, and rate of positive clinical findings of MGD were higher in group 1 than in group 2, and the mean NIBUT was higher in group 2. (p > 0.05). The mean values of IL-1ß and MMP-9 were higher in group 1 (p = 0.036 and p = 0.001, respectively). The TMH and Oxford score percentages were similar between the two groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Elevated levels of IL-1ß and MMP-9 in the basal tear fluid reveal increased ocular inflammation in healthcare professionals. Lower NIBUT values with higher OSDI and meibomian gland loss scores support ocular surface disturbance depending on regular mask use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Penbe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Semsi Denizer Caddesi, E-5, 34890 Kartal Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Oklar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Semsi Denizer Caddesi, E-5, 34890 Kartal Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Selen Kanar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Semsi Denizer Caddesi, E-5, 34890 Kartal Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müberra Zülal Bayrak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Semsi Denizer Caddesi, E-5, 34890 Kartal Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Başak Ersarı
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Semsi Denizer Caddesi, E-5, 34890 Kartal Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Talan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Semsi Denizer Caddesi, E-5, 34890 Kartal Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Raziye Dönmez Gün
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Semsi Denizer Caddesi, E-5, 34890 Kartal Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asuman Orçun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Semsi Denizer Caddesi, E-5, 34890 Kartal Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şaban Şimşek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Semsi Denizer Caddesi, E-5, 34890 Kartal Istanbul, Turkey
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Park W, Wei S, Kim BS, Kim B, Bae SJ, Chae YC, Ryu D, Ha KT. Diversity and complexity of cell death: a historical review. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1573-1594. [PMID: 37612413 PMCID: PMC10474147 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Death is the inevitable fate of all living organisms, whether at the individual or cellular level. For a long time, cell death was believed to be an undesirable but unavoidable final outcome of nonfunctioning cells, as inflammation was inevitably triggered in response to damage. However, experimental evidence accumulated over the past few decades has revealed different types of cell death that are genetically programmed to eliminate unnecessary or severely damaged cells that may damage surrounding tissues. Several types of cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagic cell death, and lysosomal cell death, which are classified as programmed cell death, and pyroptosis, necroptosis, and NETosis, which are classified as inflammatory cell death, have been described over the years. Recently, several novel forms of cell death, namely, mitoptosis, paraptosis, immunogenic cell death, entosis, methuosis, parthanatos, ferroptosis, autosis, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, cuproptosis, and erebosis, have been discovered and advanced our understanding of cell death and its complexity. In this review, we provide a historical overview of the discovery and characterization of different forms of cell death and highlight their diversity and complexity. We also briefly discuss the regulatory mechanisms underlying each type of cell death and the implications of cell death in various physiological and pathological contexts. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of different mechanisms of cell death that can be leveraged to develop novel therapeutic strategies for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyoung Park
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Sung Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Bosung Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Bae
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chan Chae
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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221
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Song Y, Chung J. Zingerone-Induced Autophagy Suppresses IL-1β Production by Increasing the Intracellular Killing of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in THP-1 Macrophages. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2130. [PMID: 37626627 PMCID: PMC10452316 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is caused by the inflammation of tooth-supporting tissue by pathogens such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, triggers a series of inflammatory reactions and promotes bone resorption. The aim of this study was to examine the molecular mechanism and anti-inflammatory function of zingerone, a dietary phenolic found in Zingiber officinale, on periodontal inflammation induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans. Zingerone attenuated A. actinomycetemcomitans-induced nitric oxide (NO) production by inhibiting the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in THP-1 macrophages. Zingerone also inhibited the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, and their signal pathway molecules including the toll-like receptor (TLR)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKase). In particular, zingerone suppressed the expression of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome components on IL-1β production. Moreover, zingerone enhanced autophagosome formation and the expressions of autophagy-associated molecules. Interestingly, zingerone reduced the intracellular survival of A. actinomycetemcomitans. This was blocked by an autophagy inhibitor, which reversed the decrease in IL-1β production by zingerone. Finally, zingerone alleviated alveolar bone absorption in an A. actnomycetemcomitans-induced periodontitis mice model. Our data suggested that zingerone has potential use as a treatment for periodontal inflammation induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Song
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea;
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Chung
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea;
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea
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Yu S, Zhang Q, Su L, He J, Shi W, Yan H, Mao H, Sun Y, Cheng D, Wang X, Zhang Y, Fang L. Dabie bandavirus infection induces macrophagic pyroptosis and this process is attenuated by platelets. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011488. [PMID: 37486928 PMCID: PMC10399884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infection with a high mortality rate in humans, which is caused by Dabie bandavirus (DBV), formerly known as SFTS virus. Clinical manifestations of SFTS are characterized by high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hemorrhage, gastrointestinal symptoms, myalgia and local lymph node enlargement with up to 30% case fatality rates in human. Macrophage depletion in secondary lymphoid organs have important roles in the pathogenic process of fatal SFTS, but its exact cell death mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we showed for the first time that DBV infection induced macrophagic pyroptosis, as evidenced by swollen cells, pore-forming structures, accumulation of gasdermin D N-terminal (GSDMD-NT) as well as the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and IL-1β in human macrophages. In addition to the upregulation of pyronecrosis genes, the expressions of pyroptosis-related proteins (GSDMD, caspase-1 and IL-1β) were also elevated. To be noted, platelets were found to play a protective role in DBV-derived pyroptosis. Transcriptome analysis and in vitro studies demonstrated that platelets significantly reduced the gene expressions and protein production of pro-pyroptotic markers and inflammatory cytokines in macrophages, whereas platelets conferred a propagation advantage for DBV. Collectively, this study demonstrates a novel mechanism by which DBV invasion triggers pyroptosis as a host defense to remove replication niches in human macrophages and platelets provide an additional layer to reduce cellular death. These findings may have important implications to the pathogenesis of lethal DBV, and provide new ideas for developing novel therapeutics to combat its infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinyi Zhang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingxuan Su
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji He
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Mao
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongqing Cheng
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Shaoxing Shangyu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Gumbar S, Bhardwaj S, Mehan S, Khan Z, Narula AS, Kalfin R, Tabrez S, Zughaibi TA, Wasi S. Renal mitochondrial restoration by gymnemic acid in gentamicin-mediated experimental nephrotoxicity: evidence from serum, kidney and histopathological alterations. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1218506. [PMID: 37521462 PMCID: PMC10372487 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1218506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Nephrotoxicity refers to the toxigenic impact of compounds and medications on kidney function. There are a variety of drug formulations, and some medicines that may affect renal function in multiple ways via nephrotoxins production. Nephrotoxins are substances that are harmful to the kidneys. Purpose: This investigation examines the renoprotective effect of gymnemic acid (GA) on Wistar rats in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity by analyzing serum, kidney, and histopathological markers. Study-design/methods: The current study investigated the protective effect of GA at doses of 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Vitamin E was administered to compare the antioxidant capacity and efficacy of GA. In addition to the treatment groups, 100 mg/kg of gentamicin was administered intraperitoneal for 14 days. At the end of the study protocol, kidney homogenate, blood, and serum were evaluated biochemically. Serum creatinine, blood urea, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), mitochondrial dysfunctions, inflammatory cytokines, and renal oxidative stress were examined to assess gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. In addition, the impact of GA on the above-mentioned nephrotoxic markers were evaluated and further confirmed by histological analysis. Results: This study establishes a correlation between antibiotic use, especifically aminoglycosides and acute renal failure. The research demonstrates the nephrotoxic effects of aminoglycosides, inducing mitochondrial ETC-complex dysfunction, and renal tissue inflammation in experimental rats. GA's antioxidant properties restored renal oxidative stress markers, reducing kidney inflammation and injury. Histopathological analysis revealed a significant reduction in renal injury with GA treatment. Additionally, GA demonstrated greater efficacy than Vitamin E in restoring antioxidant potential and mitochondrial enzymes. Conclusion: Consequently, our findings imply that long-term use of GA may be a suitable therapeutic strategy for reducing aminoglycoside toxicity. The current study suggests GA's potential in treating gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and acute renal failure, meriting further investigation using advanced techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Gumbar
- Department of Pharmacology, Seth G. L. Bihani S. D. College of Technical Education, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudeep Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmacology, Seth G. L. Bihani S. D. College of Technical Education, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy (An Autonomous College), Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Zuber Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy (An Autonomous College), Moga, Punjab, India
| | | | - Reni Kalfin
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Healthcare, South-West University “NeofitRilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Torki A. Zughaibi
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samina Wasi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Alkhobar, Saudi Arabia
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Xue Q, Zhu Z, Xue Z, Yang F, Cao W, Liu X, Liu H, Zheng H. NOG1 downregulates type I interferon production by targeting phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011511. [PMID: 37410776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system is the first line of the host's defense, and studying the mechanisms of the negative regulation of interferon (IFN) signaling is important for maintaining the balance of innate immune responses. Here, we found that the host GTP-binding protein 4 (NOG1) is a negative regulator of innate immune responses. Overexpression of NOG1 inhibited viral RNA- and DNA-mediated signaling pathways, and NOG1 deficiency promoted the antiviral innate immune response, resulting in the ability of NOG1 to promote viral replication. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection induced a higher level of IFN-β protein in NOG1 deficient mice. Meanwhile, NOG1-deficient mice were more resistant to VSV and HSV-1 infection. NOG1 inhibited type I IFN production by targeting IRF3. NOG1 was also found to interact with phosphorylated IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) to impair its DNA binding activity, thereby downregulating the transcription of IFN-β and downstream IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). The GTP binding domain of NOG1 is responsible for this process. In conclusion, our study reveals an underlying mechanism of how NOG1 negatively regulates IFN-β by targeting IRF3, which uncovers a novel role of NOG1 in host innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zixiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhaoning Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huisheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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Zeng J, Liao S, Liang Z, Li C, Luo Y, Wang K, Zhang D, Lan L, Hu S, Li W, Lin R, Jie Z, Hu Y, Dai S, Zhang Z. Schisandrin A regulates the Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation to interfere with pyroptosis in a mouse model of COPD. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:217. [PMID: 37400851 PMCID: PMC10316617 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01190-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a serious chronic lung disease. Schisandrin A (SchA) is one of the most important active ingredients in Schisandra chinensis and has been used to treat various lung diseases in several countries. Here, we studied the pharmacological effect of SchA on airway inflammation induced by cigarette smoke (CS) and explored the therapeutic mechanism of SchA in COPD model mice. Our results showed that SchA treatment significantly improved the lung function of CS-induced COPD model mice and reduced the recruitment of leukocytes and hypersecretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). H&E staining showed that SchA treatment could effectively reduce emphysema, immune cell infiltration and airway wall destruction. In addition, we found that SchA treatment can stimulate the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) through the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) pathway, significantly reduce oxidative stress, increase catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and suppress the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in COPD model mice. Moreover, SchA treatment suppressed the generation of the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase1 inflammasome complex to inhibit the inflammatory response caused by IL-1β and IL-18 and pyroptosis caused by GSDMD. In conclusion, our study shows that SchA treatment can inhibit the production of ROS and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by upregulating Nrf-2, thereby producing anti-inflammatory effects and reducing lung injury in COPD model mice. More importantly, SchA exhibited similar anti-inflammatory effects to dexamethasone in COPD model mice, and we did not observe substantial side effects of SchA treatment. The high safety of SchA makes it a potential candidate drug for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sida Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhu Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caiping Li
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuewen Luo
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Lan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suzhen Hu
- Huangdao District Chinese Medicine Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanyan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ran Lin
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zichen Jie
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanlong Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiting Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Shireman JM, Gonugunta N, Zhao L, Pattnaik A, Distler E, Her S, Wang X, Das R, Galipeau J, Dey M. GM-CSF and IL-7 fusion cytokine engineered tumor vaccine generates long-term Th-17 memory cells and increases overall survival in aged syngeneic mouse models of glioblastoma. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13864. [PMID: 37165998 PMCID: PMC10352573 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related immune dysfunctions, such as decreased T-cell output, are closely related to pathologies like cancers and lack of vaccine efficacy among the elderly. Engineered fusokine, GIFT-7, a fusion of interleukin 7 (IL-7) and GM-CSF, can reverse aging-related lymphoid organ atrophy. We generated a GIFT-7 fusokine tumor vaccine and employed it in aged syngeneic mouse models of glioblastoma and found that peripheral vaccination with GIFT-7TVax resulted in thymic regeneration and generated durable long-term antitumor immunity specifically in aged mice. Global cytokine analysis showed increased pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β in the vaccinated group that resulted in hyperactivation of dendritic cells. In addition, GIFT-7 vaccination resulted in increased T-cell trafficking to the brain and robust Th-17 long-term effector memory T-cell formation. TCR-seq analysis showed increased productive frequency among detected rearrangements within the vaccinated group. Overall, our data demonstrate that aging immune system can be therapeutically augmented to generate lasting antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack M. Shireman
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Nikita Gonugunta
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Akshita Pattnaik
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Emily Distler
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Skyler Her
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Rahul Das
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Jaques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Mahua Dey
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
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227
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Xie S, Jiang H, Gao Z, Lin Y, Hong N. Expression and clinical significance of NRLP1 in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction combined with malignant ventricular arrhythmia. Pak J Med Sci 2023; 39:972-977. [PMID: 37492291 PMCID: PMC10364276 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.4.7324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical effects of NRLP1 expression in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) combined with arrhythmia. Methods We enrolled 231 patients with STEMI in the first hospital of Quanzhou affiliated to Fujian Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020 to the observational group and 230 healthy individuals as the control group. We divided patients with STEMI into a malignant ventricular arrhythmia (MVA) group (n=36) and non-MVA(NMVA) group (n=195) depending on whether the individuals had experienced an episode of MVA within 48 hours after PCI. We recorded general variables such as age, gender, history of smoking, hypertension, of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), Gensini score, and mortality. Moreover, we determined NLRP1, IL-1β, TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), cardiac troponin-1 (cTnI), and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) in peripheral blood by ELISA. Results We found significant differences in LVEF, Gensini scores, smoking history, and mortality between the MVA and NMVA groups. The mean NLRP1 expression was highest in the MVA group, which was positively correlated with the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, hs-CRP, NT-pro-BNP, cTnI and CK-MB. The expression of NLRP1 was associated with the smoking history, the LVEF value, the Gensini score, the MVA incidence and the mortality. Patients with higher NLRP1 expression levels had a higher MACE incidence and worse overall survivals within one year. Conclusion The NLRP1 pathway is associated with the presence of arrhythmias after PCI treatments, and the NLRP1 expression level may be useful as a predictor of arrhythmia in patients with STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- SiXin Xie
- SiXin Xie, Department of Cardiac Function Examination, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, City Fujian Province, 362001, China
| | - HuiQiong Jiang
- HuiQiong Jiang, Department of Cardiac Function Examination, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, City Fujian Province, 362001, China
| | - ZiLin Gao
- ZiLin Gao Department of Neurological rehabilitation, Quan Zhou Women’s and Children’s Hospital, City, Fujian Province, 362002, China
| | - YongJun Lin
- YongJun Lin, Department of General Medicine, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, City Fujian Province, 362001, China
| | - NaJiao Hong
- NaJiao Hong, Department of General Medicine, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, City Fujian Province, 362001, China
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228
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Pang Y, Liu L, Wu S, Wang J, Liu L. Synoviolin alleviates GSDMD-mediated periodontitis by suppressing its stability. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e880. [PMID: 37506160 PMCID: PMC10336677 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammasome and pyroptosis play important roles in periodontitis. Gasdermin D (GSDMD), a key factor in pyroptosis, is cleaved by caspase-1 and regulated by ubiquitination. Synoviolin is a ubiquitin E3 ligase that interacts with GSDMD. In this study, the effects of Synoviolin on inflammasome activation and periodontitis were explored. METHODS The expression of IL-1β, GSDMD, and Synoviolin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with periodontitis was determined. The interaction between GSDMD and Synoviolin was studied. The cytokine level in gingival tissues and the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar bone crest were measured in mice with Synoviolin deficiency in myeloid cells. RESULTS We reported that elevated mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β and GSDMD, decreased levels of Synoviolin mRNA and protein, and decreased ubiquitination of GSDMD were associated with periodontitis. Synoviolin interacted with GSDMD. Synoviolin-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages had increased IL-1β and IL-18 secretion after ATP stimulation. Mice with Synoviolin deficiency in myeloid cells had more severe periodontitis and upregulated IL-1β and IL-18. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, we conclude that Synoviolin suppresses inflammasome activation and periodontitis by regulating GSDMD stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Pang
- Dental Clinic, Cangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lili Liu
- Dental Clinic, Cangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Shuainan Wu
- Dental Clinic, Cangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jianqi Wang
- Dental Clinic, Cangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- Dental Clinic, Cangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiPeople's Republic of China
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229
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Yi S, Liu X, Huo Y, Li X, Tang Y, Li J. Unrinsed Nemipterus virgatus surimi provides more nutrients than rinsed surimi and helps recover immunosuppressed mice treated with cyclophosphamide. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4458-4469. [PMID: 36823492 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rinsing process in the production of surimi can cause the loss of some important nutrients. To investigate the differences in nutritional properties between rinsed surimi (RS) and unrinsed surimi (US), this study compared the elemental composition, amino acid composition, fatty acid composition, proteomics, and an immunosuppression mouse model of surimi before and after rinsing, and analyzed the nutritional and immunological properties of RS and US. RESULTS The results showed that the protein, fat, and ash contents of RS were decreased compared with those of US; specifically, the contents of essential amino acids, semi-essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were decreased. In the non-labeled quantitative proteomics analysis, three high-abundance quantifiable protein contents and 68 low-abundance quantifiable protein contents were found in RS (P-values < 0.05, ratio > 2). Immune function experiments in mice revealed that both RS and US contributed to the recovery of immunity in immunocompromised mice. The effect of US was better than that of RS. CONCLUSION The rinsing process in surimi processing leads to the loss of nutrients in surimi. US promotes the recovery of immunity in immunocompromised mice more effectively than RS. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Yi
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yan Huo
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xuepeng Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yunping Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jianrong Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
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230
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Hussien SM. The impact of cyclophosphamide versus high-level of ionizing radiation on the immune response. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18025. [PMID: 37483696 PMCID: PMC10362325 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune response to various high doses of Ionizing Radiation (IR) is investigated in this study compared to the non-irradiated group and other immunosuppressive conditions. Thirty rats were divided into six different groups. Group I received no radiation or medications. Groups II, III, IV, and V were subjected to the entire body to 1, 2, 3, and 5 Gray (Gy) of IR. Cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally to Group VI. Serum levels of Interleukin-2/1-beta, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), and Interferon-gamma (INF-γ) were measured one day after irradiation. The immunosuppressive effect of cyclophosphamide reduced the majority of the evaluated parameters. When high doses of IR, notably greater than 1Gy, were investigated, all measured parameters increased consistently. Finally, high doses of IR amplify essential pro-inflammatory responses and cannot be used to suppress the immune system in a single dose. More research is needed to clarify immune responses and their therapeutic potential in response to high or low IR doses.
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231
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Lee JH, Kim TK, Kim YJ, Kang MC, Song KM, Kim BK, Choi YS. Structural, physicochemical, and immune-enhancing properties of edible insect protein isolates from Protaetia brevitarsis larvae. Food Chem X 2023; 18:100722. [PMID: 37397222 PMCID: PMC10314139 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible insects are promising future food resources globally. Herein, the structural, physicochemical, and bio-functional properties of edible insect protein isolates (EPIs) extracted from Protaetia brevitarsis larvae were investigated. The results showed that EPIs have a high total essential amino acid content; moreover, β-sheet is the major secondary protein structure. The EPI protein solution was highly soluble and electrically stable and did not aggregate easily. In addition, EPIs exhibited immune-enhancing properties; EPI treatment of macrophages induced the activation of macrophages and consequently promoted the production of pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, TNF-α, and IL-1β). Moreover, macrophage activation of EPIs was confirmed to occur through the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. In conclusion, our results suggest that the isolated P. brevitarsis protein can be fully utilized as a functional food material and alternative protein source in the future food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hoon Lee
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Kim
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Kim
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Kang
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Mo Song
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Keun Kim
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Choi
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
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Wallen M, Aqil F, Spencer W, Gupta RC. Exosomes as an Emerging Plasmid Delivery Vehicle for Gene Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1832. [PMID: 37514019 PMCID: PMC10384126 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite its introduction more than three decades ago, gene therapy has fallen short of its expected potential for the treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases and continues to lack widespread clinical use. The fundamental limitation in clinical translatability of this therapeutic modality has always been an effective delivery system that circumvents degradation of the therapeutic nucleic acids, ensuring they reach the intended disease target. Plasmid DNA (pDNA) for the purpose of introducing exogenous genes presents an additional challenge due to its size and potential immunogenicity. Current pDNA methods include naked pDNA accompanied by electroporation or ultrasound, liposomes, other nanoparticles, and cell-penetrating peptides, to name a few. While the topic of numerous reviews, each of these methods has its own unique set of limitations, side effects, and efficacy concerns. In this review, we highlight emerging uses of exosomes for the delivery of pDNA for gene therapy. We specifically focus on bovine milk and colostrum-derived exosomes as a nano-delivery "platform". Milk/colostrum represents an abundant, scalable, and cost-effective natural source of exosomes that can be loaded with nucleic acids for targeted delivery to a variety of tissue types in the body. These nanoparticles can be functionalized and loaded with pDNA for the exogenous expression of genes to target a wide variety of disease phenotypes, overcoming many of the limitations of current gene therapy delivery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farrukh Aqil
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | | | - Ramesh C Gupta
- 3P Biotechnologies, Inc., Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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233
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Zaiachuk M, Suryavanshi SV, Pryimak N, Kovalchuk I, Kovalchuk O. The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cannabis sativa Extracts on LPS-Induced Cytokines Release in Human Macrophages. Molecules 2023; 28:4991. [PMID: 37446655 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the response of the innate immune system to any type of injury. Although acute inflammation is critical for survival, dysregulation of the innate immune response leads to chronic inflammation. Many synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs have side effects, and thus, natural anti-inflammatory compounds are still needed. Cannabis sativa L. may provide a good source of anti-inflammatory molecules. Here, we tested the anti-inflammatory properties of cannabis extracts and pure cannabinoids in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in human THP-1 macrophages. We found that pre-treatment with cannabidiol (CBD), delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), or extracts containing high levels of CBD or THC reduced the level of induction of various cytokines. The CBD was more efficient than THC, and the extracts were more efficient than pure cannabinoids. Finally, IL-6, IL-10, and MCP-1 cytokines were most sensitive to pre-treatments with CBD and THC, while IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α were less responsive. Thus, our work demonstrates the potential of the use of cannabinoids or/and cannabis extracts for the reduction of inflammation and establishes IL-6 and MCP-1 as the sensitive markers for the analysis of the effect of cannabinoids on inflammation in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Zaiachuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Santosh V Suryavanshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Nazar Pryimak
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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234
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Mani S, Bouchnak H, Pradeloux S, Kraiem J, Soulet D, Messaoudi I. 3-aminohydantoin derivate as a promising scaffold in dopaminergic neuroprotection and neurorescue in the in vivo and in vitro 6-hydroxydopamine models of Parkinson's disease. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023. [PMID: 37331719 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, for which no disease-modifying treatments are available yet. Thus, developing new neuroprotective drugs with the potential to delay or stop the natural course of the disease is necessary. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of a newly synthesized 3-aminohydantoin derivative named 3-amino-5-benzylimidazolidine-2,4-dione (PHAH). The possible neuroprotective and neurorescue effects of the synthesized compound were tested: (i) in N27 dopaminergic and BV-2 microglial cell lines treated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and (ii) in the 6-OHDA rat model of PD. PHAH administration reduced proinflammatory markers, including nitric oxide synthase and interleukin-1β, in BV-2 cells activated by lipopolysaccharide. Although PHAH did not restore cell death induced by 6-OHDA, it was not cytotoxic for dopaminergic cells since cell viability, under the effect of the two concentrations, remained comparable to that of the control cells. Most interestingly, PHAH restored 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra and striatum and ameliorated 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. In summary, we have proven that in PD models, PHAH has neuroprotective effects in vivo and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro; however, these effects remain to be confirmed by carrying out certain specific behavioural tests as well as by exploring other neuroinflammatory markers. The present work also suggests that PHAH is a promising scaffold that can serve as the basis for the design and synthesis of other derivatives that can be potent antiparkinsonian agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Mani
- Institut supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Houda Bouchnak
- Laboratory of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Development of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Solène Pradeloux
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Neuroscience Axis, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jamil Kraiem
- Laboratory of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Development of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Denis Soulet
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Neuroscience Axis, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- Institut supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Wu W, Chen G, Zhang Z, He M, Li H, Yan F. Construction and verification of atopic dermatitis diagnostic model based on pyroptosis related biological markers using machine learning methods. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:138. [PMID: 37330465 PMCID: PMC10276470 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to construct a model used for the accurate diagnosis of Atopic dermatitis (AD) using pyroptosis related biological markers (PRBMs) through the methods of machine learning. METHOD The pyroptosis related genes (PRGs) were acquired from molecular signatures database (MSigDB). The chip data of GSE120721, GSE6012, GSE32924, and GSE153007 were downloaded from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. The data of GSE120721 and GSE6012 were combined as the training group, while the others were served as the testing groups. Subsequently, the expression of PRGs was extracted from the training group and differentially expressed analysis was conducted. CIBERSORT algorithm calculated the immune cells infiltration and differentially expressed analysis was conducted. Consistent cluster analysis divided AD patients into different modules according to the expression levels of PRGs. Then, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) screened the key module. For the key module, we used Random forest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), and generalized linear model (GLM) to construct diagnostic models. For the five PRBMs with the highest model importance, we built a nomogram. Finally, the results of the model were validated using GSE32924, and GSE153007 datasets. RESULTS Nine PRGs were significant differences in normal humans and AD patients. Immune cells infiltration showed that the activated CD4+ memory T cells and Dendritic cells (DCs) were significantly higher in AD patients than normal humans, while the activated natural killer (NK) cells and the resting mast cells were significantly lower in AD patients than normal humans. Consistent cluster analysis divided the expressing matrix into 2 modules. Subsequently, WGCNA analysis showed that the turquoise module had a significant difference and high correlation coefficient. Then, the machine model was constructed and the results showed that the XGB model was the optimal model. The nomogram was constructed by using HDAC1, GPALPP1, LGALS3, SLC29A1, and RWDD3 five PRBMs. Finally, the datasets GSE32924 and GSE153007 verified the reliability of this result. CONCLUSIONS The XGB model based on five PRBMs can be used for the accurate diagnosis of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Wu
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gaofei Chen
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China
| | - Zexin Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meixing He
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fenggen Yan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Immanuel J, Yun S. Vascular Inflammatory Diseases and Endothelial Phenotypes. Cells 2023; 12:1640. [PMID: 37371110 PMCID: PMC10297687 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological functions of endothelial cells control vascular tone, permeability, inflammation, and angiogenesis, which significantly help to maintain a healthy vascular system. Several cardiovascular diseases are characterized by endothelial cell activation or dysfunction triggered by external stimuli such as disturbed flow, hypoxia, growth factors, and cytokines in response to high levels of low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, aging, drugs, and smoking. Increasing evidence suggests that uncontrolled proinflammatory signaling and further alteration in endothelial cell phenotypes such as barrier disruption, increased permeability, endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT), and metabolic reprogramming further induce vascular diseases, and multiple studies are focusing on finding the pathways and mechanisms involved in it. This review highlights the main proinflammatory stimuli and their effects on endothelial cell function. In order to provide a rational direction for future research, we also compiled the most recent data regarding the impact of endothelial cell dysfunction on vascular diseases and potential targets that impede the pathogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanguk Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Inje University, Gimhae-si 50834, Republic of Korea;
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Balasubramanian S, Duraikannan V, Perumal E. Toxicogenomic analysis of physiologically important metals: An integrated in silico approach. Food Chem Toxicol 2023:113895. [PMID: 37328090 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biologically important metals regulate cellular homeostasis in living systems. Anthropogenic exposure to these metals can cause adverse effects, including an increased incidence of diseases in humans such as cancer, lung, and cardiovascular defects. However, the effects of metals and the common genes/signaling pathways involved in metal toxicity have not been elucidated. Hence, the present study used toxicogenomic data mining with the comparative toxicogenomics database to explore the impact of these metals. The metals were categorized into transition, alkali, and alkali earth. The common genes were identified and subjected to functional enrichment analysis. Further, gene-gene and protein-protein interactions were assessed. Also, the top ten transcription factors and miRNAs that regulate the genes were identified. The phenotypes and diseases that have increased incidence upon alterations of these genes were detected. Overall, we were able to identify IL1B and SOD2 as the common genes, along with the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications as the common pathway altered. Enriched genes and pathways specific to each metal category were also found. Further, we identified heart failure as the major diseases that have increased the incidence of these metals' exposure. In conclusion, exposure to essential metals might cause adverse effects via inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vaishnavi Duraikannan
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India.
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238
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Liu W, Peng J, Wu Y, Ye Z, Zong Z, Wu R, Li H. Immune and inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic targets of gout: An update. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110466. [PMID: 37311355 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gout is an autoimmune disease characterized by acute or chronic inflammation and damage to bone joints induced due to the precipitation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. In recent years, with the continuous development of animal models and ongoing clinical investigations, more immune cells and inflammatory factors have been found to play roles in gouty inflammation. The inflammatory network involved in gout has been discovered, providing a new perspective from which to develop targeted therapy for gouty inflammation. Studies have shown that neutrophil macrophages and T lymphocytes play important roles in the pathogenesis and resolution of gout, and some inflammatory cytokines, such as those in the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family, have been shown to play anti-inflammatory or proinflammatory roles in gouty inflammation, but the mechanisms underlying their roles are unclear. In this review, we explore the roles of inflammatory cytokines, inflammasomes and immune cells in the course of gout development and the research status of therapeutic drugs used for inflammation to provide insights into future targeted therapy for gouty inflammation and the direction of gout pathogenesis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Yixin Wu
- Queen Mary College of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Zuxiang Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China.
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239
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Zeng Y, Li R, Dong Y, Yi D, Wu T, Wang L, Zhao D, Zhang Y, Hou Y. Dietary Supplementation with Puerarin Improves Intestinal Function in Piglets Challenged with Escherichia coli K88. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1908. [PMID: 37370417 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of puerarin supplementation on the growth performance and intestinal function of piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88. Twenty-four ternary crossbred piglets were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: control group, ETEC group (challenged with ETEC K88 on day 8), and ETEC + Puerarin group (supplemented with 5 mg/kg puerarin and challenged with ETEC K88 on day 8). All piglets were orally administered D-xylose (0.1 g/kg body weight) on day 10, and blood samples were collected after 1 h. Subsequently, piglets were killed and intestinal samples were collected for further analysis. The results showed that puerarin supplementation significantly decreased the adverse effects of ETEC K88-challenged piglets; significantly improved growth performance; increased the number of Bifidobacterium in the colon and Lactobacillus in the jejunum, cecum and colon; decreased the number of Escherichia coli in the jejunum and cecum; reduced the hydrogen peroxide content in the jejunum and myeloperoxidase activity in the jejunum and ileum; and increased the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the jejunum and ileum. In addition, puerarin supplementation alleviated ETEC K88-induced intestinal injury in piglets, significantly downregulated the mRNA level of Interleukin-1β and upregulated the mRNA levels of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, myxovirus resistance protein 1, myxovirus resistance protein 2, and guanylate-binding protein-1 in the small intestine of piglets. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with puerarin could attenuate ETEC K88-induced intestinal injury by increasing the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity and the number of beneficial intestinal bacteria in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Zeng
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Rui Li
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Dan Yi
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yongqing Hou
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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240
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Overcast GR, Meibers HE, Eshleman EM, Saha I, Waggoner L, Patel KN, Jain VG, Haslam DB, Alenghat T, VanDussen KL, Pasare C. IEC-intrinsic IL-1R signaling holds dual roles in regulating intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20212523. [PMID: 36976181 PMCID: PMC10067527 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) constitute a critical first line of defense against microbes. While IECs are known to respond to various microbial signals, the precise upstream cues regulating diverse IEC responses are not clear. Here, we discover a dual role for IEC-intrinsic interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling in regulating intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. Absence of IL-1R in epithelial cells abrogates a homeostatic antimicrobial program including production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Mice deficient for IEC-intrinsic IL-1R are unable to clear Citrobacter rodentium (C. rodentium) but are protected from DSS-induced colitis. Mechanistically, IL-1R signaling enhances IL-22R-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in IECs leading to elevated production of AMPs. IL-1R signaling in IECs also directly induces expression of chemokines as well as genes involved in the production of reactive oxygen species. Our findings establish a protective role for IEC-intrinsic IL-1R signaling in combating infections but a detrimental role during colitis induced by epithelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett R. Overcast
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hannah E. Meibers
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Emily M. Eshleman
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Irene Saha
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lisa Waggoner
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Krupaben N. Patel
- Divisions of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Viral G. Jain
- Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David B. Haslam
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Theresa Alenghat
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kelli L. VanDussen
- Divisions of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chandrashekhar Pasare
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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241
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Pilvenyte G, Ratautaite V, Boguzaite R, Ramanavicius S, Chen CF, Viter R, Ramanavicius A. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensors for the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:620. [PMID: 37366985 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of biological molecules, so-called biomarkers in body fluids at abnormal concentrations, is considered a good tool for detecting disease. Biomarkers are usually looked for in the most common body fluids, such as blood, nasopharyngeal fluids, urine, tears, sweat, etc. Even with significant advances in diagnostic technology, many patients with suspected infections receive empiric antimicrobial therapy rather than appropriate treatment, which is driven by rapid identification of the infectious agent, leading to increased antimicrobial resistance. To positively impact healthcare, new tests are needed that are pathogen-specific, easy to use, and produce results quickly. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based biosensors can achieve these general goals and have enormous potential for disease detection. This article aimed to overview recent articles dedicated to electrochemical sensors modified with MIP to detect protein-based biomarkers of certain infectious diseases in human beings, particularly the biomarkers of infectious diseases, such as HIV-1, COVID-19, Dengue virus, and others. Some biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) found in blood tests, are not specific for a particular disease but are used to identify any inflammation process in the body and are also under consideration in this review. Other biomarkers are specific to a particular disease, e.g., SARS-CoV-2-S spike glycoprotein. This article analyzes the development of electrochemical sensors using molecular imprinting technology and the used materials' influence. The research methods, the application of different electrodes, the influence of the polymers, and the established detection limits are reviewed and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Pilvenyte
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Ratautaite
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Raimonda Boguzaite
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Simonas Ramanavicius
- Department of Electrochemical Material Science, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Roman Viter
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
- Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment, Sumy State University, 31, Sanatornaya st., 40018 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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242
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Ahlawat S, Choudhary V, Kaur R, Arora R, Sharma Formal Analyses R, Chhabra Formal Analyses P, Kumar A, Kaur M. Unraveling the genetic mechanisms governing the host response to bovine anaplasmosis. Gene 2023:147532. [PMID: 37279864 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bovine anaplasmosis caused by Anaplasma marginale is a tick-borne disease of livestock with widespread prevalence and huge economic implications. In order to get new insights into modulation of host gene expression in response to natural infections of anaplasmosis, this study is the first attempt that compared the transcriptome profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of A. marginale infected and healthy crossbred cattle. Transcriptome analysis identified shared as well as unique functional pathways in the two groups. Translation and structural constituent of ribosome were the important terms for the genes abundantly expressed in the infected as well as healthy animals. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed that immunity and signal transduction related terms were enriched for the up-regulated genes in the infected animals. The over-represented pathways were cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and signaling pathways involving chemokines, Interleukin 17 (IL17), Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF), Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFKB) etc. Interestingly, many genes previously associated with parasite-borne diseases such as amoebiasis, trypanosomiasis, toxoplasmosis, and leishmaniasis were profusely expressed in the dataset of the diseased animals. High expression was also evident for the genes for acute phase response proteins, anti-microbial peptides and many inflammatory cytokines. Role of cytokines in mediating communication between immune cells was the most conspicuous gene network identified through the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. This study provides comprehensive information about the crosstalk of genes involved in host defense as well as parasite persistence in the host upon infection with A. marginale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonika Ahlawat
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal.
| | - Vikas Choudhary
- District Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Karnal, Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Haryana
| | - Rashmeet Kaur
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal
| | - Reena Arora
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal
| | | | | | - Ashish Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal
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243
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Almeida Roque AD, Neto FF, Cosio C, Barjhoux I, Ribeiro CADO, Rioult D. IMMUNOTOXICITY OF RELEVANT MIXTURES OF PESTICIDES AND METABOLITES ON THP-1 CELLS. Toxicology 2023:153557. [PMID: 37236337 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are used to combat agricultural pests but also trigger side effects on non-target organisms. Particularly, immune system dysregulation is a major concern due to the organism's increased vulnerability to diseases, including cancer development. Macrophages play essential roles in innate and adaptive immunity and can undergo classical (M1) or alternative (M2) activation. The M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype has an antitumor role, while M2 favors tumor promotion. Although previous studies have linked pesticide exposure to immune compromise, macrophage polarization is still poorly studied. Here, we investigated the effects of 72 h-long exposure to the mixture of four pesticides widely used in Brazil (glyphosate, 2,4-D, mancozeb, and atrazine), and their main metabolites (aminomethylphosphonic acid, 2,4-diclorophenol, ethylenethiourea, and desethylatrazine) on human leukemia monocytic THP-1 cell line at concentrations based on the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) value established in the country. The data revealed immunotoxicity related to impaired cell metabolism in all exposed groups, decreased cell attachment (Pes: 10-1; Met: 10-1; Mix: all concentrations), and disturbance in nitric oxide (NO) levels (Met: 10-1, 101; Mix: all concentrations). The polarization of macrophages towards a more pro-tumor M2-like phenotype was also supported by decreased secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (Pes 100, 101) and increased IL-8 (Pes 101). These outcomes alert about the risk of pesticide exposure in the Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliciane De Almeida Roque
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, PO Box: 19031, CEP: 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, PO Box: 19031, CEP: 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudia Cosio
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Iris Barjhoux
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, PO Box: 19031, CEP: 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Damien Rioult
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, 51097 Reims, France; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Plateau Technique Mobile de Cytométrie Environnementale MOBICYTE - INERIS, 51097 Reims, France.
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244
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Neira-Goulart M, de Sá NBR, Ribeiro-Alves M, Perazzo H, Geraldo KM, Ribeiro MPD, Cardoso SW, Grinsztejn B, Veloso VG, Rodrigues Gomes L, Cazote ADS, de Almeida DV, Giacoia-Gripp CBW, Côrtes FH, Morgado MG. Inflammasome genes polymorphisms are associated with progression to mechanical ventilation and death in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a reference hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Gene 2023; 865:147325. [PMID: 36870425 PMCID: PMC9979696 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. We assessed the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of inflammasome genesas risk factors for progression toCOVID-19 critical outcomes, such as mechanical ventilation support (MVS) or death.The study included 451 hospitalized individuals followed up at the INI/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 06/2020 to 03/2021. SNPs genotyping was determined by Real-Time PCR. We analyzed risk factors for progression to MVS (n = 174[38.6 %]) or death (n = 175[38.8 %])as a result of COVID-19 by Cox proportional hazardmodels.Slower progression toMVSwas associated with allele G (aHR = 0.66;P = 0.005) or the genotype G/G (aHR = 0.391;P = 0.006) in the NLRP3 rs10754558 or the allele G (aHR = 0.309;P = 0.004) in the IL1βrs1143634, while C allele in the NLRP3 rs4612666 (aHR = 2.342;P = 0.006) or in the rs10754558 (aHR = 2.957;P = 0.005) were associated with faster progression to death. Slower progression to death was associated to allele G (aHR = 0.563;P = 0.006) or the genotype A/G (aHR = 0.537;P = 0.005) in the CARD8 rs6509365; the genotype A/C in the IFI16 rs1101996 (aHR = 0.569;P = 0.011); the genotype T/T (aHR = 0.394;P = 0.004) or allele T (aHR = 0.68;P = 0.006) in the NLRP3 rs4612666, and the genotype G/G (aHR = 0.326;P = 0.005) or allele G (aHR = 0,68;P = 0.014) in the NLRP3 rs10754558. Our results suggest that inflammasome genetic variations might influence the critical clinical course of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Neira-Goulart
- Laboratory of AIDS & Molecular Immunology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on STD/AIDS, National Institute of Infectology Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Perazzo
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on STD/AIDS, National Institute of Infectology Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Kim Mattos Geraldo
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on STD/AIDS, National Institute of Infectology Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Maria Pia Diniz Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on STD/AIDS, National Institute of Infectology Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Sandra Wagner Cardoso
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on STD/AIDS, National Institute of Infectology Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz Grinsztejn
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on STD/AIDS, National Institute of Infectology Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Valdiléa G Veloso
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on STD/AIDS, National Institute of Infectology Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Rodrigues Gomes
- Center of Technological Development in Health (CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technological for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Andressa da Silva Cazote
- Laboratory of AIDS & Molecular Immunology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Fernanda Heloise Côrtes
- Laboratory of AIDS & Molecular Immunology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Mariza Gonçalves Morgado
- Laboratory of AIDS & Molecular Immunology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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245
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Rehman S, Gora AH, Abdelhafiz Y, Dias J, Pierre R, Meynen K, Fernandes JMO, Sørensen M, Brugman S, Kiron V. Potential of algae-derived alginate oligosaccharides and β-glucan to counter inflammation in adult zebrafish intestine. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1183701. [PMID: 37275890 PMCID: PMC10235609 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are natural bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. We performed a feeding trial employing a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of soybean-induced intestinal inflammation. Five groups of fish were fed different diets: a control (CT) diet, a soybean meal (SBM) diet, a soybean meal+β-glucan (BG) diet and 2 soybean meal+AOS diets (alginate products differing in the content of low molecular weight fractions - AL, with 31% < 3kDa and AH, with 3% < 3kDa). We analyzed the intestinal transcriptomic and plasma metabolomic profiles of the study groups. In addition, we assessed the expression of inflammatory marker genes and histological alterations in the intestine. Dietary algal β-(1, 3)-glucan and AOS were able to bring the expression of certain inflammatory genes altered by dietary SBM to a level similar to that in the control group. Intestinal transcriptomic analysis indicated that dietary SBM changed the expression of genes linked to inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum, reproduction and cell motility. The AL diet suppressed the expression of genes related to complement activation, inflammatory and humoral response, which can likely have an inflammation alleviation effect. On the other hand, the AH diet reduced the expression of genes, causing an enrichment of negative regulation of immune system process. The BG diet suppressed several immune genes linked to the endopeptidase activity and proteolysis. The plasma metabolomic profile further revealed that dietary SBM can alter inflammation-linked metabolites such as itaconic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid and enriched the arginine biosynthesis pathway. The diet AL helped in elevating one of the short chain fatty acids, namely 2-hydroxybutyric acid while the BG diet increased the abundance of a vitamin, pantothenic acid. Histological evaluation revealed the advantage of the AL diet: it increased the goblet cell number and length of villi of the intestinal mucosa. Overall, our results indicate that dietary AOS with an appropriate amount of < 3kDa can stall the inflammatory responses in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Rehman
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Adnan H. Gora
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Yousri Abdelhafiz
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | | | - Ronan Pierre
- CEVA (Centre d’Etude et de Valorisation des Algues), Pleubian, France
| | - Koen Meynen
- Kemin Aquascience, Division of Kemin Europa N.V., Herentals, Belgium
| | | | - Mette Sørensen
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Sylvia Brugman
- Animal Sciences Group, Host Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Viswanath Kiron
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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Meertens P, Mellati A, Dumbill R, Lo Faro ML, Rozenberg K, Mulvey J, Fliri H, Ploeg R, Hunter J. CC-4066 therapy delivered to kidneys during cold storage and assessed with normothermic reperfusion is feasible and safe. FRONTIERS IN TRANSPLANTATION 2023; 2:1166661. [PMID: 39055309 PMCID: PMC11270626 DOI: 10.3389/frtra.2023.1166661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Currently there is an urgent need to translate interventions that may be beneficial to marginal donor kidneys prior to transplant, to improve their quality from bench to bedside. This project investigated the effects of CC-4066, a potent dual inhibitor of cyclophilin proteins A and D, treatment during static cold storage (SCS) in a porcine model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) using Normothermic Reperfusion (NR). Materials and methods Porcine kidneys and autologous blood were retrieved in pairs from a local abattoir (n = 7). One kidney from each pair was randomly allocated to treatment and one allocated to control and flushed with preservation solution containing CC-4066 or vehicle. After 7 h of SCS kidneys underwent 3 h Normothermic Reperfusion (NR) with autologous whole blood while perfusion characteristics and samples were collected. Results Perfusion and metabolic parameters showed similar trends and no statistical differences were observed between the groups. IL-6 showed a significant increase over time but no significant difference between groups (p-value 0.009 and 0.14 respectively, two-way ANOVA). Oxygen consumption and lactate levels were similar between groups but there was increased vacuolation on histology in the control group. Conclusions The addition of CC-4066 during SCS of kidneys is safe and feasible and has no adverse or detrimental effects on perfusion during assessment on NR. There was no difference in cytokine levels although there was a trend towards less vacuolation on histology in the treatment group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pommelien Meertens
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdoms
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Azita Mellati
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdoms
| | - Richard Dumbill
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdoms
- Oxford University Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M. Letizia Lo Faro
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdoms
| | - Kaithlyn Rozenberg
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdoms
| | - John Mulvey
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdoms
| | - Hans Fliri
- Cypralis Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rutger Ploeg
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdoms
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- Oxford University Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James Hunter
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdoms
- University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
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247
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An J, Ouyang L, Yu C, Carr SM, Ramprasath T, Liu Z, Song P, Zou MH, Ding Y. Nicotine exacerbates atherosclerosis and plaque instability via NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Theranostics 2023; 13:2825-2842. [PMID: 37284455 PMCID: PMC10240824 DOI: 10.7150/thno.81388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Nicotine has been reported to be a strong risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, the underlying mechanism by which nicotine controls atherosclerotic plaque stability remain largely unknown. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of lysosomal dysfunction mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) on atherosclerotic plaque formation and stability in advanced atherosclerosis at the brachiocephalic arteries (BA). Methods and Results: Features of atherosclerotic plaque stability and the markers for NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were monitored in the BA from nicotine or vehicle-treated apolipoprotein E deficient (Apoe-/-) mice fed with Western-type diet (WD). Nicotine treatment for 6 weeks accelerated atherosclerotic plaque formation and enhanced the hallmarks of plaque instability in BA of Apoe-/- mice. Moreover, nicotine elevated interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) in serum and aorta and was preferred to activate NLRP3 inflammasome in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of Caspase1, a key downstream target of NLRP3 inflammasome complex, and genetic inactivation of NLRP3 significantly restrained nicotine-elevated IL-1β in serum and aorta, as well as nicotine-stimulated atherosclerotic plaque formation and plaque destabilization in BA. We further confirmed the role of VSMC-derived NLRP3 inflammasome in nicotine-induced plaque instability by using VSMC specific TXNIP (upstream regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome) deletion mice. Mechanistic study further showed that nicotine induced lysosomal dysfunction resulted in cathepsin B cytoplasmic release. Inhibition or knockdown of cathepsin B blocked nicotine-dependent inflammasome activation. Conclusions: Nicotine promotes atherosclerotic plaque instability by lysosomal dysfunction-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ye Ding
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, 157 Decatur Street SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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248
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Wang R, Xu X, Yang J, Chen W, Zhao J, Wang M, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Huang W, Zhang H. BPDE exposure promotes trophoblast cell pyroptosis and induces miscarriage by up-regulating lnc-HZ14/ZBP1/NLRP3 axis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131543. [PMID: 37167865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and its ultimate metabolite BPDE (benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide) are typical persistent organic pollutants and endocrine disrupting chemicals. BaP/BPDE exposure might cause human trophoblast cell dysfunctions and induce miscarriage. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. In this study, we found that BPDE exposure induced human trophoblast cell pyroptosis by up-regulating NLRP3/Caspase1/GSDMD pathway. We also identified that lnc-HZ14 was highly expressed in BPDE-exposed trophoblast cells and in recurrent miscarriage (RM) vs healthy control (HC) villous tissues. Lnc-HZ14 promoted trophoblast cell pyroptosis by promoting IRF1-mediated ZBP1 transcription, increasing METTL3-mediated m6A methylation on NLRP3 mRNA and its stability, and also enhancing ZBP1/NLRP3 protein interactions. Knockdown of lnc-HZ14/ZBP1/NLRP3 axis could efficiently alleviate BPDE-induced trophoblast cell pyroptosis. Higher level of pyroptosis, as indicated by the up-regulation of lnc-HZ14/ZBP1/NLRP3 axis, was found in RM vs HC villous tissues. In BaP-exposed mouse model, BaP exposure induced placental tissue pyroptosis and miscarriage by up-regulating murine Zbp1/Nlrp3 axis, and knockdown of Nlrp3 could efficiently reduce placenta pyroptosis and alleviate BaP-induced mouse miscarriage. Serum IL-1β protein level might act as a promising indicator to predict the risk of miscarriage. These findings provided new insights into BaP/BPDE-induced trophoblast cell pyroptosis and miscarriage and might be helpful for further assessment of the toxicological effects of BaP/BPDE on the female reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Xiaole Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Weina Chen
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Jingsong Zhao
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Manli Wang
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Wenxin Huang
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China.
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249
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Kohno R, Nagata Y, Ishihara T, Amma C, Inomata Y, Seto T, Suzuki R. Benzo[ a]pyrene induces NLRP1 expression and promotes prolonged inflammasome signaling. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1154857. [PMID: 37215119 PMCID: PMC10192748 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the air, triggers pulmonary inflammation. This study focused on BaP-induced inflammation in the alveolar epithelium. A549 cells were stimulated with BaP for four days. BaP treatment markedly increased NLRP1 expression but slightly decreased NLRP3. Furthermore, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) knockdown displayed no increase in BaP-induced NLRP1 expression. Similar results were also observed by blocking reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is mediated through AhR, suggesting that the AhR-ROS axis operates in BaP-induced NLRP1 expression. p53 involvement in ROS-mediated NLRP1 induction has also been implied. When we confirmed inflammasome activation in cells treated with BaP for four days, while BaP transiently activated NLRP3, it predominantly activated the NLRP1 inflammasome. These findings have led to the conclusion that BaP could be a potential ligand for the NLRP1 inflammasome persistently observed in the lung epithelium. Our study may provide additional evidence for the sustained pulmonary inflammation caused by environmental air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Kohno
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuka Nagata
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishihara
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Chisato Amma
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yayoi Inomata
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Seto
- Faculty of Frontier Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Kodar K, Dangerfield EM, Foster AJ, Forsythe D, Ishizuka S, McConnell MJ, Yamasaki S, Timmer MSM, Stocker BL. Aryl-functionalised α,α'-Trehalose 6,6'-Glycolipid Induces Mincle-independent Pyroptotic Cell Death. Inflammation 2023:10.1007/s10753-023-01814-5. [PMID: 37140682 PMCID: PMC10359228 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01814-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
α,α'-Trehalose 6,6'-glycolipids have long been known for their immunostimulatory properties. The adjuvanticity of α,α'-trehalose 6,6'-glycolipids is mediated by signalling through the macrophage inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) and the induction of an inflammatory response. Herein, we present an aryl-functionalised trehalose glycolipid, AF-2, that leads to the release of cytokines and chemokines, including IL-6, MIP-2 and TNF-α, in a Mincle-dependent manner. Furthermore, plate-coated AF-2 also leads to the Mincle-independent production of IL-1β, which is unprecedented for this class of glycolipid. Upon investigation into the mode of action of plate-coated AF-2, it was observed that the treatment of WT and Mincle-/- bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM), murine RAW264.7 cells, and human monocytes with AF-2 led to lytic cell death, as evidenced using Sytox Green and lactate dehydrogenase assays, and confocal and scanning electron microscopy. The requirement for functional Gasdermin D and Caspase-1 for IL-1β production and cell death by AF-2 confirmed pyroptosis as the mode of action of AF-2. The inhibition of NLRP3 and K+ efflux reduced AF-2 mediated IL-1β production and cell death, and allowed us to conclude that AF-2 leads to Capase-1 dependent NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated cell death. The unique mode of action of plate-coated AF-2 was surprising and highlights how the physical presentation of Mincle ligands can lead to dramatically different immunological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Kodar
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Emma M Dangerfield
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Amy J Foster
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Devlin Forsythe
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Shigenari Ishizuka
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Melanie J McConnell
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mattie S M Timmer
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand.
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Bridget L Stocker
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand.
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand.
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