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Long non-coding RNA taurine upregulated 1 enhances tumor-induced angiogenesis through inhibiting microRNA-299 in human glioblastoma. Oncogene 2016; 36:318-331. [PMID: 27345398 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is one of the critical biological elements affecting the development and progression of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators and aberrantly expressed in various types of human cancer. Our previous studies indicated that lncRNA taurine upregulated 1 (TUG1) implicated in the regulation of blood-tumor barrier permeability; however, its role in glioblastoma angiogenesis still unclear. Here we demonstrated that TUG1 was up-expressed in human glioblastoma tissues and glioblastoma cell lines. Knockdown of TUG1 remarkably suppressed tumor-induced endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation as well as reducing spheroid-based angiogenesis ability in vitro, which are the critical steps for tumor angiogenesis. Besides, knockdown of TUG1 significantly increased the expression of mircroRNA-299 (miR-299), which was down-expressed in glioblastoma tissues and glioblastoma cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay revealed that TUG1 influenced tumor angiogenesis via directly binding to the miR-299 and there was a reciprocal repression between TUG1 and miR-299 in the same RNA-induced silencing complex. Moreover, knockdown of TUG1 reduced the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), which was defined as a functional downstream target of miR-299. In addition, knockdown of TUG1, shown in the in vivo studies, has effects on suppressing tumor growth, reducing tumor microvessel density and decreasing the VEGFA expression by upregulating miR-299 in xenograft glioblastoma model. Overall, the results demonstrated that TUG1 enhances tumor-induced angiogenesis and VEGF expression through inhibiting miR-299. Also, the inhibition of TUG1 could provide a novel therapeutic target for glioblastoma treatment.
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202
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Sun H, Tang F, Zhou S, Li X, Wang S, Huang K, Jia Y, Tian X, Ma D, Li S. Association between vascular endothelial growth factor expression and lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer: A meta-analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2016; 42:1310-1316. [PMID: 27334572 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by cancer cells has been identified as a factor that is associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) in some cancers, but an accurate description of the relation between VEGF and LNM in cervical cancer is lacking. We conducted a concurrent meta-analysis to investigate this issue. METHODS We searched PubMed and EMBASE for articles addressing the association between VEGF and cervical cancer. We used stata 12.0 and calculated the crude odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity between the studies included was assessed by Cochran's Q-test. RESULTS Overall, 16 relevant studies with 426 cases and 751 controls were included in our study. The results demonstrated that cervical cancer patients with VEGF-positive expression had a 2.87-fold higher risk of LNM than patients without VEGF-positive expression (95%CI = 1.85-4.44, P < 0.001). Furthermore, subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed that VEGF-positive expression could increase the risk of LNM in cervical cancer among Asian populations (OR = 2.55, 95%CI = 1.61-4.03, P < 0.001) and Caucasian populations (OR = 8.81, 95%CI = 2.78-27.88, P < 0.001). Moreover, subgroup analysis by country revealed that VEGF-positive expression could increase the risk of LNM in cervical cancer among Chinese populations (OR = 3.38, 95%CI = 2.18-5.25, P < 0.001) but not among Korean populations (P = 0.84) or Japanese populations (P = 0.06). Subgroup analysis based on sample size proved that VEGF-positive expression was statistically associated with LNM in a large sample group. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that VEGF-positive expression is related with higher risk of LNM in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangxu Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shasha Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoshuai Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kecheng Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xun Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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203
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Wang X, Shi W, Shi H, Lu S, Wang K, Sun C, He J, Jin W, Lv X, Zou H, Shu Y. TRIM11 overexpression promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2016; 35:100. [PMID: 27329103 PMCID: PMC4915141 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tripartite Motif Containing 11 (TRIM11), a member of TRIM proteins, is overexpressed in high-grade gliomas and plays an oncogenic function in glioma biology. However, little is known about the role of TRIM11 in lung cancer. METHODS We analyzed TRIM11 mRNA expression in lung cancer tissues and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues by real-time PCR. We then explored the function of TRIM11 in lung cancer cells by small interfering RNA-mediated downregulation of this protein followed by analyses of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. RESULTS TRIM11 was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and lung cancer cell lines. The higher expression of TRIM11 was correlated with the poorer prognosis of patients. Suppressing of TRIM11 expression in lung cancer cells with higher expression of TRIM11 (A549 and NCI-H446 cells) significantly reduced cell growth, motility and invasiveness. We further demonstrated that knockdown of TRIM11 affected the expression of cell proliferation-related proteins (Cyclin D1 and PCNA), and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation-related proteins (VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-9, Twist1, Snail and E-cadherin). The activity of ERK and PI3K/AKT was also suppressed in TRIM11 knocked down cells. Further experiments in lung cells with lower expression of TRIM11 (NCI-H460 and NCI-H1975 cells) with AKT inhibitor suggested that TRIM11 may promote cell motility and invasiveness through AKT pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that TRIM11 acts as an oncogene in lung cancer through promoting cell growth, migration and invasion. Our findings may have important implication for the detection and treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongcan Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichun Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansheng He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusheng Shu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China.
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204
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Zhou H, He Z, Wang C, Xie T, Liu L, Liu C, Song F, Ma Y. Intravenous Administration Is an Effective and Safe Route for Cancer Gene Therapy Using the Bifidobacterium-Mediated Recombinant HSV-1 Thymidine Kinase and Ganciclovir. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060891. [PMID: 27275821 PMCID: PMC4926425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSV TK/GCV) system is one of the best studied cancer suicide gene therapy systems. Our previous study showed that caspase 3 expression was upregulated and bladder tumor growth was significantly reduced in rats treated with a combination of Bifidobacterium (BF) and HSV TK/GCV (BF-rTK/GCV). However, it was raised whether the BF-mediated recombinant thymidine kinase combined with ganciclovir (BF-rTK/GCV) was safe to administer via venous for cancer gene therapy. To answer this question, the antitumor effects of BF-rTK/GCV were mainly evaluated in a xenograft nude mouse model bearing MKN-45 gastric tumor cells. The immune response, including analysis of cytokine profiles, was analyzed to evaluate the safety of intramuscular and intravenous injection of BF-rTK in BALB/c mice. The results suggested that gastric tumor growth was significantly inhibited in vivo by BF-rTK/GCV. However, the BF-rTK/GCV had no effect on mouse body weight, indicating that the treatment was safe for the host. The results of cytokine profile analysis indicated that intravenous injection of a low dose of BF-rTK resulted in a weaker cytokine response than that obtained with intramuscular injection. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis showed that intravenous administration did not affect the expression of immune-associated TLR2 and TLR4. Finally, the BF-rTK/GCV inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in mouse model, which is helpful for inhibiting of tumor angiogenesis. That meant intravenous administration of BF-rTK/GCV was an effective and safe way for cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huicong Zhou
- Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Yi XueYuan Road, Number 1, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Zhiliang He
- Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Yi XueYuan Road, Number 1, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Changdong Wang
- Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Yi XueYuan Road, Number 1, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Tingting Xie
- Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Yi XueYuan Road, Number 1, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Yi XueYuan Road, Number 1, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Chuanyang Liu
- Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Yi XueYuan Road, Number 1, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Fangzhou Song
- Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Yi XueYuan Road, Number 1, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yongping Ma
- Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Yi XueYuan Road, Number 1, Chongqing 400016, China.
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205
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Lin X, Sun X, Luo S, Liu B, Yang C. Development of DNA-based signal amplification and microfluidic technology for protein assay: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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206
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Ferrari G, Giacomini C, Bignami F, Moi D, Ranghetti A, Doglioni C, Naldini L, Rama P, Mazzieri R. Angiopoietin 2 expression in the cornea and its control of corneal neovascularisation. Br J Ophthalmol 2016; 100:1005-1010. [PMID: 27146154 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To define proangiogenic angiopoietin 2 (ANG2) expression and role(s) in human and mouse vascularised corneas. Further, to evaluate the effect of ANG2 inhibition on corneal neovascularisation (CNV). METHODS CNV was induced in FVB mice by means of intrastromal suture placement. One group of animals was sacrificed 10 days later; corneas were immunostained for ANG2 and compared with (i) mouse non-vascularised corneas and (ii) human vascularised and non-vascularised corneas. A second group of CNV animals was treated systemically with an anti-ANG2 antibody. After 10 days, the corneas were whole-mounted, stained for CD31 and LYVE1 and lymphatic/blood vessels quantified. In another set of experiments, the corneal basal Bowman membrane was either (i) removed or (ii) left in place. After 2 or 10 days the corneas were removed and immunostained for collagen IV, ANG2, CD31, LYVE1, CD11b and MRC1 markers. RESULTS In human beings and mice, ANG2 is expressed only in the epithelium, and, mildly, in the endothelium, of the avascular cornea. Instead, it is expressed in the epithelium, endothelium and stroma of vascularised corneas. Disruption of the Bowman membrane is associated with a significant increase of (i) ANG2 stromal expression and (ii) proangiogenic macrophage infiltration in the corneal stroma. Finally, blocking ANG2 significantly reduced hemangiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and macrophage infiltration. CONCLUSIONS Balancing proper healing and good vision is crucial in the cornea, constantly exposed to potential injuries. In this paper, we suggest the existence of a mechanism regulating the onset of inflammation (and associated CNV) depending on injury severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Ferrari
- Eye Repair Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Cornea and Ocular Surface Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Giacomini
- Eye Repair Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Bignami
- Eye Repair Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Moi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anna Ranghetti
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Naldini
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Rama
- Eye Repair Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Cornea and Ocular Surface Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzieri
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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207
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Limani P, Borgeaud N, Linecker M, Tschuor C, Kachaylo E, Schlegel A, Jang JH, Ungethüm U, Montani M, Graf R, Humar B, Clavien PA. Selective portal vein injection for the design of syngeneic models of liver malignancy. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 310:G682-8. [PMID: 26893160 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00209.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Liver metastases are the most frequent cause of death due to colorectal cancer (CRC). Syngeneic orthotopic animal models, based on the grafting of cancer cells or tissue in host liver, are efficient systems for studying liver tumors and their (patho)physiological environment. Here we describe selective portal vein injection as a novel tool to generate syngeneic orthotopic models of liver tumors that avoid most of the weaknesses of existing syngeneic models. By combining portal vein injection of cancer cells with the selective clamping of distal liver lobes, tumor growth is limited to specific lobes. When applied on MC-38 CRC cells and their mouse host C57BL6, selective portal vein injection leads with 100% penetrance to MRI-detectable tumors within 1 wk, followed by a steady growth until the time of death (survival ∼7 wk) in the absence of extrahepatic disease. Similar results were obtained using CT-26 cells and their syngeneic Balb/c hosts. As a proof of principle, lobe-restricted liver tumors were also generated using Hepa1-6 (C57BL6-syngeneic) and TIB-75 (Balb/c-syngeneic) hepatocellular cancer cells, demonstrating the general applicability of selective portal vein injection for the induction of malignant liver tumors. Selective portal vein injection is technically straightforward, enables liver invasion via anatomical routes, preserves liver function, and provides unaffected liver tissue. The tumor models are reproducible and highly penetrant, with survival mainly dependent on the growth of lobe-restricted liver malignancy. These models enable biological studies and preclinical testing within short periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perparim Limani
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Nathalie Borgeaud
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Michael Linecker
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Christoph Tschuor
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Ekaterina Kachaylo
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Andrea Schlegel
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Jae-Hwi Jang
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Udo Ungethüm
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Matteo Montani
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Graf
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Bostjan Humar
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Pierre-Alain Clavien
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
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208
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Aziz MA, Serya RAT, Lasheen DS, Abdel-Aziz AK, Esmat A, Mansour AM, Singab ANB, Abouzid KAM. Discovery of Potent VEGFR-2 Inhibitors based on Furopyrimidine and Thienopyrimidne Scaffolds as Cancer Targeting Agents. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24460. [PMID: 27080011 PMCID: PMC4832243 DOI: 10.1038/srep24460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) plays a crucial role in cancer angiogenesis. In this study, a series of novel furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine and thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine based-derivatives were designed and synthesized as VEGFR-2 inhibitors, in accordance to the structure activity relationship (SAR) studies of known type II VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their ability to in vitro inhibit VEGFR-2 kinase enzyme. Seven compounds (15b, 16c, 16e, 21a, 21b, 21c and 21e) demonstrated highly potent dose-related VEGFR-2 inhibition with IC50 values in nanomolar range, of which the thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine based-derivatives (21b, 21c and 21e) exhibited IC50 values of 33.4, 47.0 and 21 nM respectively. Moreover, furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-based derivative (15b) showed the strongest inhibition of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) proliferation with 99.5% inhibition at 10 μM concentration. Consistent with our in vitro findings, compounds (21b and 21e) orally administered at 5 and 10 mg/kg/day for 8 consecutive days demonstrated potent anticancer activity in Erhlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) solid tumor murine model. Such compounds blunted angiogenesis in EAC as evidenced by reduced percent microvessel via decreasing VEGFR-2 phosphorylation with subsequent induction of apoptotic machinery. Furthermore, Miles vascular permeability assay confirmed their antiangiogenic effects in vivo. Intriguingly, such compounds showed no obvious toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Aziz
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Rabah A T Serya
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Deena S Lasheen
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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209
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Abdel-Mageed WM, Bayoumi SAL, Al-Wahaibi LH, Li L, Sayed HM, Abdelkader MSA, El-Gamal AA, Liu M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Liu X. Noncyanogenic Cyanoglucoside Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors from Simmondsia chinensis. Org Lett 2016; 18:1728-31. [PMID: 27035218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two new noncyanogenic cyanoglucoside dimers, simmonosides A and B (1 and 2), were identified from the aqueous extract of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) leaves. Compounds 1 and 2 are the first examples of noncyanogenic cyanoglucoside dimers containing a unique four-membered ring, representing novel dimerization patterns at α,β-unsaturated carbons of a nitrile group in 1 and γ,δ-unsaturated carbons in 2. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic evidence and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit promising COX-2 inhibition activity, with IC50 values of 13.5 and 11.4 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael M Abdel-Mageed
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University , Assiut 71526, Egypt.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Soad A L Bayoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University , Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Lamya H Al-Wahaibi
- Chemistry Department, Science College, Princess Noura bint Abdul Rahman University , Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Li Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hanaa M Sayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University , Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S A Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University , Nasser City, 82524 Sohag, Egypt
| | - Ali A El-Gamal
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100080, China
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210
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Schimke MM, Stigler R, Wu X, Waag T, Buschmann P, Kern J, Untergasser G, Rasse M, Steinmüller-Nethl D, Krueger A, Lepperdinger G. Biofunctionalization of scaffold material with nano-scaled diamond particles physisorbed with angiogenic factors enhances vessel growth after implantation. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:823-833. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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211
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Sato T, Paquet-Fifield S, Harris NC, Roufail S, Turner DJ, Yuan Y, Zhang YF, Fox SB, Hibbs ML, Wilkinson-Berka JL, Williams RA, Stacker SA, Sly PD, Achen MG. VEGF-D promotes pulmonary oedema in hyperoxic acute lung injury. J Pathol 2016; 239:152-61. [PMID: 26924464 PMCID: PMC5071654 DOI: 10.1002/path.4708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Leakage of fluid from blood vessels, leading to oedema, is a key feature of many diseases including hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI), which can occur when patients are ventilated with high concentrations of oxygen (hyperoxia). The molecular mechanisms driving vascular leak and oedema in HALI are poorly understood. VEGF‐D is a protein that promotes blood vessel leak and oedema when overexpressed in tissues, but the role of endogenous VEGF‐D in pathological oedema was unknown. To address these issues, we exposed Vegfd‐deficient mice to hyperoxia. The resulting pulmonary oedema in Vegfd‐deficient mice was substantially reduced compared to wild‐type, as was the protein content of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, consistent with reduced vascular leak. Vegf‐d and its receptor Vegfr‐3 were more highly expressed in lungs of hyperoxic, versus normoxic, wild‐type mice, indicating that components of the Vegf‐d signalling pathway are up‐regulated in hyperoxia. Importantly, VEGF‐D and its receptors were co‐localized on blood vessels in clinical samples of human lungs exposed to hyperoxia; hence, VEGF‐D may act directly on blood vessels to promote fluid leak. Our studies show that Vegf‐d promotes oedema in response to hyperoxia in mice and support the hypothesis that VEGF‐D signalling promotes vascular leak in human HALI. © 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruhiko Sato
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Nicole C Harris
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sally Roufail
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Debra J Turner
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Yinan Yuan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - You-Fang Zhang
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen B Fox
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margaret L Hibbs
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Richard A Williams
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven A Stacker
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Marc G Achen
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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212
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Shankar A, Borin TF, Iskander A, Varma NR, Achyut BR, Jain M, Mikkelsen T, Guo AM, Chwang WB, Ewing JR, Bagher-Ebadian H, Arbab AS. Combination of vatalanib and a 20-HETE synthesis inhibitor results in decreased tumor growth in an animal model of human glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:1205-19. [PMID: 27022280 PMCID: PMC4790509 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s93790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the hypervascular nature of glioblastoma (GBM), antiangiogenic treatments, such as vatalanib, have been added as an adjuvant to control angiogenesis and tumor growth. However, evidence of progressive tumor growth and resistance to antiangiogenic treatment has been observed. To counter the unwanted effect of vatalanib on GBM growth, we have added a new agent known as N-hydroxy-N′-(4-butyl-2 methylphenyl)formamidine (HET0016), which is a selective inhibitor of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) synthesis. The aims of the studies were to determine 1) whether the addition of HET0016 can attenuate the unwanted effect of vatalanib on tumor growth and 2) whether the treatment schedule would have a crucial impact on controlling GBM. Methods U251 human glioma cells (4×105) were implanted orthotopically. Two different treatment schedules were investigated. Treatment starting on day 8 (8–21 days treatment) of the tumor implantation was to mimic treatment following detection of tumor, where tumor would have hypoxic microenvironment and well-developed neovascularization. Drug treatment starting on the same day of tumor implantation (0–21 days treatment) was to mimic cases following radiation therapy or surgery. There were four different treatment groups: vehicle, vatalanib (oral treatment 50 mg/kg/d), HET0016 (intraperitoneal treatment 10 mg/kg/d), and combined (vatalanib and HET0016). Following scheduled treatments, all animals underwent magnetic resonance imaging on day 22, followed by euthanasia. Brain specimens were equally divided for immunohistochemistry and protein array analysis. Results Our results demonstrated a trend that HET0016, alone or in combination with vatalanib, is capable of controlling the tumor growth compared with that of vatalanib alone, indicating attenuation of the unwanted effect of vatalanib. When both vatalanib and HET0016 were administered together on the day of the tumor implantation (0–21 days treatment), tumor volume, tumor blood volume, permeability, extravascular and extracellular space volume, tumor cell proliferation, and cell migration were decreased compared with that of the vehicle-treated group. Conclusion HET0016 is capable of controlling tumor growth and migration, but these effects are dependent on the timing of drug administration. The addition of HET0016 to vatalanib may attenuate the unwanted effect of vatalanib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh Shankar
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Thaiz F Borin
- Laboratory of Molecular Investigation of Cancer (LIMC), Faculty of Medicine of Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Asm Iskander
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Nadimpalli Rs Varma
- Department of Radiology, Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Bhagelu R Achyut
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Meenu Jain
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tom Mikkelsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Austin M Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Wilson B Chwang
- Department of Radiology, Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - James R Ewing
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Ali S Arbab
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
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213
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Huang M, Wang L, Chen J, Bai M, Zhou C, Liu S, Lin Q. Regulation of COX-2 expression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients post TACE surgery. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:2144-54. [PMID: 26984380 PMCID: PMC4809660 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, it is not entirely clear whether hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is involved in the regulation of COX-2 expression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and whether these events affect the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). In this report the relationship between HIF-1α and COX-2 protein expression, EMT in tumor specimens from HCC patients after TACE surgery and the clinical significance of HIF-1α and COX-2 expression were analyzed using statistical approaches. HepG2 cells treated with CoCl2 was employed as a hypoxia cell model in vitro to study hypoxia-induced HIF-1α, COX-2 expression, and EMT alteration. The results showed that HIF-1α and COX-2 protein expression increased in HCC tissues after TACE surgery. Moreover, there was positive correlation between upregulation of HIF-1α and COX-2. Elevated expression of HIF-1α increased both Snail and Vimentin protein expression, while it reduced E-cadherin protein expression. It was further verified that hypoxia enhanced protein expression of HIF-1α and COX-2 in HepG2 cells treated with CoCl2. Upregulation of HIF-1α and COX-2, together with EMT alteration resulted in increased migration and invasion of HepG2 cells under hypoxia. In conclusion, TACE surgery results in aggravated hypoxia status, leading to increased HIF-1α protein expression in HCC tissue. To adapt to hypoxic environment, HIF-1α stimulates COX-2 protein expression and promotes EMT process in hepatocellular cancer cells, which enhances HCC invasion and metastasis, and might contribute to poor prognosis in HCC patients post TACE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Bai
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
| | - Churen Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
| | - Sujuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
| | - Qu Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
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214
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Al-Wahab Z, Mert I, Tebbe C, Chhina J, Hijaz M, Morris RT, Ali-Fehmi R, Giri S, Munkarah AR, Rattan R. Metformin prevents aggressive ovarian cancer growth driven by high-energy diet: similarity with calorie restriction. Oncotarget 2016; 6:10908-23. [PMID: 25895126 PMCID: PMC4484428 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) was recently demonstrated by us to restrict ovarian cancer growth in vivo. CR resulted in activation of energy regulating enzymes adenosine monophosphate activated kinase (AMPK) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) followed by downstream inhibition of Akt-mTOR. In the present study, we investigated the effects of metformin on ovarian cancer growth in mice fed a high energy diet (HED) and regular diet (RD) and compared them to those seen with CR in an immunocompetent isogeneic mouse model of ovarian cancer. Mice either on RD or HED diet bearing ovarian tumors were treated with 200 mg/kg metformin in drinking water. Metformin treatment in RD and HED mice resulted in a significant reduction in tumor burden in the peritoneum, liver, kidney, spleen and bowel accompanied by decreased levels of growth factors (IGF-1, insulin and leptin), inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1, IL-6) and VEGF in plasma and ascitic fluid, akin to the CR diet mice. Metformin resulted in activation of AMPK and SIRT1 and inhibition of pAkt and pmTOR, similar to CR. Thus metformin can closely mimic CR's tumor suppressing effects by inducing similar metabolic changes, providing further evidence of its potential not only as a therapeutic drug but also as a preventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ismail Mert
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Women's Health, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Calvin Tebbe
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Women's Health, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jasdeep Chhina
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Women's Health, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Miriana Hijaz
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Women's Health, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Rouba Ali-Fehmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,Josephine Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Adnan R Munkarah
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Women's Health, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,Josephine Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ramandeep Rattan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Women's Health, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,Josephine Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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215
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Li M, Li M, Yin T, Shi H, Wen Y, Zhang B, Chen M, Xu G, Ren K, Wei Y. Targeting of cancer‑associated fibroblasts enhances the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy by regulating the tumor microenvironment. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2476-84. [PMID: 26846566 PMCID: PMC4768992 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), key components of the tumor stroma, can regulate tumorigenesis by altering the tumor microenvironment in variety of ways to promote angiogenesis, recruit inflammatory immune cells and remodel the extracellular matrix. Using a murine xenograft model of colon carcinoma, the present study observed that oxaliplatin increased the accumulation of CAFs and stimulated the production of cytokines associated with CAFs. When oxaliplatin was combined with the small-molecule dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor PT-100, which inhibits CAFs by targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP), the accumulation of CAFs was markedly reduced, xenograft tumor growth was significantly suppressed and the survival of the mice increased, compared to those of mice treated with oxaliplatin or PT-100 alone. Furthermore, the xenograft tumor tissues of mice treated with oxaliplatin and PT-100 contained lower numbers of tumor-associated macrophages and dendritic cells, expressed lower levels of cytokines associated with CAFs and had a lower density of CD31+ endothelial cells. The present study demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of CAFs improved the response to chemotherapy, reduced the recruitment of immune tumor-promoting cells and inhibited angiogenesis. Combining chemotherapy with agents which target CAFs may represent a novel strategy for improving the efficacy of chemotherapy and reducing chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Huashan Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Binglan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Meihua Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Guangchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Kexin Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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216
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VEGF/NRP-1axis promotes progression of breast cancer via enhancement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and activation of NF-κB and β-catenin. Cancer Lett 2016; 373:1-11. [PMID: 26805761 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autocrine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can regulate the survival and progression of cancers through its various receptors. But the mechanisms and mediators for these functions are largely uncovered, especially in breast cancer. We examined the potential roles and mechanisms of VEGF/neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) axis in regulating the tumorigenesis and metastasis of breast cancer and found the expression of VEGF and NRP-1 correlated with aggressiveness of breast cancer. Knockdown of VEGF or NRP-1 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion, but enhanced the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. In contrast, induction of NRP-1 over-expression promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells. VEGF or NRP-1 silencing attenuated the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and the activation of NF-κBp65, but enhanced GSK-3β expression in MDA-MB-231 cells while NRP-1 over-expression reversed the effects in MCF-7 cells. Treatment with hVEGF165 did not change the inhibition in NRP-1 silencing MDA-MB-231 cells, but enhanced the aggressiveness of NRP-1 over-expressing MCF-7 cells. In addition, VEGF-silencing inhibited the growth and metastasis of implanted MDA-MB-231 tumors in vivo. Our novel data suggest that the positive regulation of the VEGF/NRP-1 axis on the tumorigenesis and metastasis of breast cancer may be associated with enhancing the EMT process and the NF-κB and β-catenin signaling. Hence, the VEGF/NRP-1 axis may be a valuable target for design of therapies for intervention of breast cancer.
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217
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Hu K, Babapoor-Farrokhran S, Rodrigues M, Deshpande M, Puchner B, Kashiwabuchi F, Hassan SJ, Asnaghi L, Handa JT, Merbs S, Eberhart CG, Semenza GL, Montaner S, Sodhi A. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 upregulation of both VEGF and ANGPTL4 is required to promote the angiogenic phenotype in uveal melanoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:7816-28. [PMID: 26761211 PMCID: PMC4884956 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1-regulated gene product, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), correlates with tumor vascularity in patients with uveal melanoma (UM). While the relationship between HIF-1 and VEGF in cancer is well-studied, their relative contribution to the angiogenic phenotype in UM has not previously been interrogated. Here we evaluate the contribution of HIF-1, VEGF, and a second HIF-1-regulated gene product, angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), to angiogenesis in UM. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN UM cells were examined for expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, and ANGPTL4. Their contribution to the angiogenic potential of UM cells was assessed using the endothelial cell tubule formation and directed in vivo angiogenesis assays. These results were corroborated in tissue from UM animal models and in tissue from patients with UM. RESULTS Inhibition of VEGF partially reduced tubule formation promoted by conditioned medium from UM cells. Inhibition of ANGPTL4, which was highly expressed in hypoxic UM cells, a UM orthotopic transplant model, a UM tumor array, and vitreous samples from UM patients, inhibited the angiogenic potential of UM cells in vitro and in vivo; this effect was additive to VEGF inhibition. CONCLUSIONS Targeting both ANGPTL4 and VEGF may be required for the effective inhibition of angiogenesis in UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Hu
- 1 Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,2 The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Murilo Rodrigues
- 1 Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Monika Deshpande
- 1 Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brooks Puchner
- 1 Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Syed Junaid Hassan
- 1 Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura Asnaghi
- 3 Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James T. Handa
- 1 Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shannath Merbs
- 1 Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charles G. Eberhart
- 1 Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,3 Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gregg L. Semenza
- 4 Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, Biological Chemistry, and Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Silvia Montaner
- 5 Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Akrit Sodhi
- 1 Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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218
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Favia A, Pafumi I, Desideri M, Padula F, Montesano C, Passeri D, Nicoletti C, Orlandi A, Del Bufalo D, Sergi M, Ziparo E, Palombi F, Filippini A. NAADP-Dependent Ca(2+) Signaling Controls Melanoma Progression, Metastatic Dissemination and Neoangiogenesis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18925. [PMID: 26733361 PMCID: PMC4702115 DOI: 10.1038/srep18925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel transduction pathway for the powerful angiogenic factor VEGF has been recently shown in endothelial cells to operate through NAADP-controlled intracellular release of Ca2+. In the present report the possible involvement of NAADP-controlled Ca2+ signaling in tumor vascularization, growth and metastatic dissemination was investigated in a murine model of VEGF-secreting melanoma. Mice implanted with B16 melanoma cells were treated with NAADP inhibitor Ned-19 every second day for 4 weeks and tumor growth, vascularization and metastatization were evaluated. Control specimens developed well vascularized tumors and lung metastases, whereas in Ned-19-treated mice tumor growth and vascularization as well as lung metastases were strongly inhibited. In vitro experiments showed that Ned-19 treatment controls the growth of B16 cells in vitro, their migratory ability, adhesive properties and VEGFR2 expression, indicating NAADP involvement in intercellular autocrine signaling. To this regard, Ca2+ imaging experiments showed that the response of B16 cells to VEGF stimulation is NAADP-dependent. The whole of these observations indicate that NAADP-controlled Ca2+ signaling can be relevant not only for neoangiogenesis but also for direct control of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Favia
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology,SAPIENZA University of Rome, 16 Via A. Scarpa, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Pafumi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology,SAPIENZA University of Rome, 16 Via A. Scarpa, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Desideri
- Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 53 Via E. Chianesi, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Padula
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology,SAPIENZA University of Rome, 16 Via A. Scarpa, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Montesano
- Department of Chemistry, SAPIENZA University of Rome, 5 Piazzale Aldo Moro, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Passeri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via di Tor Vegata, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Nicoletti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology,SAPIENZA University of Rome, 16 Via A. Scarpa, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via di Tor Vegata, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Del Bufalo
- Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 53 Via E. Chianesi, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Sergi
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technologies for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 1 Via R. Balzarini, 64023 Teramo, Italy
| | - Elio Ziparo
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology,SAPIENZA University of Rome, 16 Via A. Scarpa, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fioretta Palombi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology,SAPIENZA University of Rome, 16 Via A. Scarpa, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Filippini
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology,SAPIENZA University of Rome, 16 Via A. Scarpa, 00161 Rome, Italy
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219
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Overview of pre-clinical and clinical studies targeting angiogenesis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 381:201-10. [PMID: 26723874 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The importance of angiogenesis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and its therapeutic potential have been explored in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. Human PDACs overexpress a number of angiogenic factors and their cognate high-affinity receptors, and anti-angiogenic agents reduce tumor volume, metastasis, and microvessel density (MVD), and improve survival in subcutaneous and orthotopic pre-clinical models. Nonetheless, clinical trials using anti-angiogenic therapy have been overwhelmingly unsuccessful. This review will focus on these pre-clinical and clinical studies, the potential reasons for failure in the clinical setting, and ways these shortcomings could be addressed in future investigations of angiogenic mechanisms in PDAC.
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220
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Gao HY, Zhang H, Xu XD, Zou WB, Lin KL, Deng YC, Liu QQ, Jiang JX, Wang M, Zhu F, Qin RY. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor for gallbladder carcinoma after radical resection. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:5705-5710. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i35.5705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore whether neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used as a prognostic indicator of gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) after radical resection.
METHODS: We retrospectively collected the data of GBC patients who underwent radical resection at Tongji Hospital from January 2007 to June 2010. According to the preoperative NLR value, the patients were divided into a low NLR group (NLR < 5.0) and a high NLR group (NLR ≥ 5.0). We compared the demographic, clinical and pathological variables of the two groups. Univariate analysis was used to identify the factors affecting the prognosis of GBC, and the significant factors entered into a COX regression model to identify independent prognostic factors for GBC after radical surgery.
RESULTS: A total of 90 patients were included in this study. The 5-year survival rates of the low NLR group and high NLR group were 70.9% and 27.6% (P < 0.05), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, liver invasion, T stage, TNM stage and NLR were factors affecting prognosis of GBC. COX regression analysis indicated that NLR was an independent predictive factor for prognosis of GBC after operation (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: NLR can serve as a prognostic indicator in GBC patients who underwent radical therapy. GBC patients with elevated NLR have a worse prognosis after operation.
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221
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Lin X, Leung KH, Lin L, Lin L, Lin S, Leung CH, Ma DL, Lin JM. Determination of cell metabolite VEGF₁₆₅ and dynamic analysis of protein-DNA interactions by combination of microfluidic technique and luminescent switch-on probe. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 79:41-7. [PMID: 26686922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we rationally design a novel G-quadruplex-selective luminescent iridium (III) complex for rapid detection of oligonucleotide and VEGF165 in microfluidics. This new probe is applied as a convenient biosensor for label-free quantitative analysis of VEGF165 protein from cell metabolism, as well as for studying the kinetics of the aptamer-protein interaction combination with a microfluidic platform. As a result, we have successfully established a quantitative analysis of VEGF165 from cell metabolism. Furthermore, based on the principles of hydrodynamic focusing and diffusive mixing, different transient states during kinetics process were monitored and recorded. Thus, the combination of microfluidic technique and G-quadruplex luminescent probe will be potentially applied in the studies of intramolecular interactions and molecule recognition in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexia Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361000, China; Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Ho Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Luyao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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222
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Al-Wahab Z, Tebbe C, Chhina J, Dar SA, Morris RT, Ali-Fehmi R, Giri S, Munkarah AR, Rattan R. Dietary energy balance modulates ovarian cancer progression and metastasis. Oncotarget 2015; 5:6063-75. [PMID: 25026276 PMCID: PMC4171613 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A high energy balance, or caloric excess, accounts as a tumor promoting factor, while a negative energy balance via caloric restriction, has been shown to delay cancer progression. The effect of energy balance on ovarian cancer progression was investigated in an isogeneic immunocompetent mouse model of epithelial ovarian cancer kept on a regimen of regular diet, high energy diet (HED) and calorie restricted diet (CRD), prior to inoculating the animals intraperitoneally with the mouse ovarian surface epithelial ID8 cancer cells. Tumor evaluation revealed that mice group on HED displayed the most extensive tumor formation with the highest tumor score at all organ sites (diaphragm, peritoneum, bowel, liver, kidney, spleen), accompanied with increased levels of insulin, leptin, insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), VEGF and interleukin 6 (IL-6). On the other hand, the mice group on CRD exhibited the least tumor burden associated with a significant reduction in levels of insulin, IGF-1, leptin, MCP-1, VEGF and IL-6. Immunohistochemistry analysis of tumors from HED mice showed higher activation of Akt and mTOR with decreased adenosine monophosphate activated kinase (AMPK) and SIRT1 activation, while tumors from the CRD group exhibited the reverse profile. In conclusion, ovarian cancer growth and metastasis occurred more aggressively under HED conditions and was significantly curtailed under CRD. The suggested mechanism involves modulated secretion of growth factors, cytokines and altered regulation of AMPK and SIRT1 that converges on mTOR inhibition. While the role of a high energy state in ovarian cancer has not been confirnmed in the literature, the current findings support investigating the potential impact of diet modulation as adjunct to other anticancer therapies and as possible individualized treatment strategy of epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Al-Wahab
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Calvin Tebbe
- Department of Women's Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Jasdeep Chhina
- Department of Women's Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Sajad A Dar
- Department of Women's Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Robert T Morris
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Rouba Ali-Fehmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State Univeristy, Detroit, MI
| | | | - Adnan R Munkarah
- Department of Women's Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Ramandeep Rattan
- Department of Women's Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
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223
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Dong Y, Wu H, Rahman HNA, Liu Y, Pasula S, Tessneer KL, Cai X, Liu X, Chang B, McManus J, Hahn S, Dong J, Brophy ML, Yu L, Song K, Silasi-Mansat R, Saunders D, Njoku C, Song H, Mehta-D'Souza P, Towner R, Lupu F, McEver RP, Xia L, Boerboom D, Srinivasan RS, Chen H. Motif mimetic of epsin perturbs tumor growth and metastasis. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:4349-64. [PMID: 26571402 DOI: 10.1172/jci80349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is critical for cancer progression. In multiple murine models, endothelium-specific epsin deficiency abrogates tumor progression by shifting the balance of VEGFR2 signaling toward uncontrolled tumor angiogenesis, resulting in dysfunctional tumor vasculature. Here, we designed a tumor endothelium-targeting chimeric peptide (UPI) for the purpose of inhibiting endogenous tumor endothelial epsins by competitively binding activated VEGFR2. We determined that the UPI peptide specifically targets tumor endothelial VEGFR2 through an unconventional binding mechanism that is driven by unique residues present only in the epsin ubiquitin-interacting motif (UIM) and the VEGFR2 kinase domain. In murine models of neoangiogenesis, UPI peptide increased VEGF-driven angiogenesis and neovascularization but spared quiescent vascular beds. Further, in tumor-bearing mice, UPI peptide markedly impaired functional tumor angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis, resulting in a notable increase in survival. Coadministration of UPI peptide with cytotoxic chemotherapeutics further sustained tumor inhibition. Equipped with localized tumor endothelium-specific targeting, our UPI peptide provides potential for an effective and alternative cancer therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/metabolism
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/pharmacology
- Amino Acid Motifs
- Animals
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Peptides/genetics
- Peptides/metabolism
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/metabolism
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224
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Achyut BR, Shankar A, Iskander ASM, Ara R, Angara K, Zeng P, Knight RA, Scicli AG, Arbab AS. Bone marrow derived myeloid cells orchestrate antiangiogenic resistance in glioblastoma through coordinated molecular networks. Cancer Lett 2015; 369:416-26. [PMID: 26404753 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a hypervascular and malignant form of brain tumors. Anti-angiogenic therapies (AAT) were used as an adjuvant against VEGF-VEGFR pathway to normalize blood vessels in clinical and preclinical studies, which resulted into marked hypoxia and recruited bone marrow derived cells (BMDCs) to the tumor microenvironment (TME). In vivo animal models to track BMDCs and investigate molecular mechanisms in AAT resistance are rare. We exploited recently established chimeric mouse to develop orthotopic U251 tumor, which uses as low as 5 × 10(6) GFP+ BM cells in athymic nude mice and engrafted >70% GFP+ cells within 14 days. Our unpublished data and published studies have indicated the involvement of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in therapeutic resistance in glioma. Similarly, in the present study, vatalanib significantly increased CD68+ myeloid cells, and CD133+, CD34+ and Tie2+ endothelial cell signatures. Therefore, we tested inhibition of CSF1R+ myeloid cells using GW2580 that reduced tumor growth by decreasing myeloid (Gr1+ CD11b+ and F4/80+) and angiogenic (CD202b+ and VEGFR2+) cell signatures in TME. CSF1R blockade significantly decreased inflammatory, proangiogenic and immunosuppressive molecular signatures compared to vehicle, vatalanib or combination. TCK1 or CXCL7, a potent chemoattractant and activator of neutrophils, was observed as most significantly decreased cytokine in CSF1R blockade. ERK MAPK pathway was involved in cytokine network regulation. In conclusion, present study confirmed the contribution of myeloid cells in GBM development and therapeutic resistance using chimeric mouse model. We identified novel molecular networks including CXCL7 chemokine as a promising target for future studies. Nonetheless, survival studies are required to assess the beneficial effect of CSF1R blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Achyut
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Adarsh Shankar
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - A S M Iskander
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Roxan Ara
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kartik Angara
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Zeng
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Alfonso G Scicli
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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225
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Arbab
- Tumor Angiogenesis Lab, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Meenu Jain
- Tumor Angiogenesis Lab, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - B R Achyut
- Tumor Angiogenesis Lab, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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226
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Li W, Zhang Q, Zhou H, Chen J, Li Y, Zhang C, Yu C. Chemiluminescence detection of a protein through the aptamer-controlled catalysis of a porphyrin probe. Anal Chem 2015. [PMID: 26214035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and selective protein detection based on the aptamer-controlled noncovalent porphyrin probe self-assembly is reported for the first time. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a predominant biomarker in cancer angiogenesis. In this work, a positively charged porphyrin probe, manganese(III) meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinum-4-yl)porphyrin (Mn-PyP), was prepared. Using it as a catalyst, a label-free chemiluminescence (CL) turn-on approach for sensitive VEGF detection is developed. Mn-PyP could catalyze the luminol CL reaction. The VEGF aptamer could induce aggregation of Mn-PyP. As a result, the Mn-PyP-catalyzed CL reaction is efficiently suppressed. Upon the addition of VEGF, the specific binding of VEGF to the aptamer weakens the interactions between the aptamer and Mn-PyP. The Mn-PyP monomers are released, and a turn-on CL signal is thus detected. Our method is quite sensitive; 50 pM of VEGF could be easily detected. It is also very selective against other proteins. Our assay provides an aptamer-based efficient way for protein quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Li
- †State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.,‡University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingfeng Zhang
- †State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.,‡University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Huipeng Zhou
- †State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- †State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Li
- †State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiyun Zhang
- †State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Yu
- †State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.,‡University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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227
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Hanley KL, Feng GS. A new VETC in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. Hepatology 2015; 62:343-5. [PMID: 25902918 PMCID: PMC5330284 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa L Hanley
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gen-Sheng Feng
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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228
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Fang JH, Zhou HC, Zhang C, Shang LR, Zhang L, Xu J, Zheng L, Yuan Y, Guo RP, Jia WH, Yun JP, Chen MS, Zhang Y, Zhuang SM. A novel vascular pattern promotes metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-independent manner. Hepatology 2015; 62:452-65. [PMID: 25711742 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Early metastasis is responsible for frequent relapse and high mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been considered a key event in metastasis. Based on histological examination of serial HCC sections and three-dimensional reconstruction, we found a novel and prevalent vascular pattern, vessels that encapsulated tumor clusters (VETC) and formed cobweb-like networks. The presence of VETC (VETC(+) ) predicted higher metastasis and recurrence rates of HCC. Using clinical samples and mouse xenograft models, we further showed that VETC was composed of functional vessels with blood perfusion and induced by tumor cells at the early stage of HCC. Subsequent investigations revealed that HCC cell-derived angiopoietin-2 was a prerequisite for VETC formation and that the VETC pattern was a critical factor promoting HCC metastasis as knockdown of angiopoietin-2 abolished this vascular pattern and consequently attenuated in vivo tumor metastasis. Interestingly, abrogation of EMT by knockdown of Snail or Slug significantly diminished in vivo metastasis of VETC(-) xenografts but did not affect that of VETC(+) ones, although silencing of Snail or Slug substantially reduced the in vitro migration of both VETC(+) and VETC(-) HCC cells. In contrast to human VETC(-) cases, EMT signatures were rarely observed in VETC(+) cases with metastatic potential. Further analysis revealed that VETC provided an efficient metastasis mode by facilitating the release of whole tumor clusters into the bloodstream. CONCLUSION Our findings identify a novel metastasis mechanism that relies on vascular pattern but is independent of EMT, which may provide new targets for antimetastasis therapy and offer a basis for selecting patients who may benefit from certain molecularly targeted drugs.
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MESH Headings
- Analysis of Variance
- Angiopoietin-2/metabolism
- Animals
- Biopsy, Needle
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/physiopathology
- Chi-Square Distribution
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/physiology
- Female
- Heterografts
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology
- Neoplasm Metastasis/physiopathology
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology
- Random Allocation
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ru Shang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Ping Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- Bank of Tumor Resources, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaojun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Mei Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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229
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Theelen TL, Lappalainen JP, Sluimer JC, Gurzeler E, Cleutjens JP, Gijbels MJ, Biessen EAL, Daemen MJAP, Alitalo K, Ylä-Herttuala S. Angiopoietin-2 blocking antibodies reduce early atherosclerotic plaque development in mice. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241:297-304. [PMID: 26062989 PMCID: PMC4549395 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) blocking agents are currently undergoing clinical trials for use in cancer treatment. Ang-2 has also been associated with rupture-prone atherosclerotic plaques in humans, suggesting a role for Ang-2 in plaque stability. Despite the availability of Ang-2 blocking agents, their clinical use is still lacking. Our aim was to establish if Ang-2 has a role in atheroma development and in the transition of subclinical to clinically relevant atherosclerosis. We investigated the effect of antibody-mediated Ang-2 blockage on atherogenesis after in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. METHODS Hypercholesterolemic (low-density lipoprotein receptor(-/-) apolipoprotein B(100/100)) mice were subjected to high-cholesterol diet for eight weeks, one group with and one group without Ang-2 blocking antibody treatment during weeks 4-8.To enhance plaque development, a peri-adventitial collar was placed around the carotid arteries at the start of antibody treatment. Aortic root, carotid arteries and brachiocephalic arteries were analyzed to evaluate the effect of Ang-2 blockage on atherosclerotic plaque size and stable plaque characteristics. RESULTS Anti-Ang-2 treatment reduced the size of fatty streaks in the brachiocephalic artery (-72%, p < 0.05). In addition, antibody-mediated Ang-2 blockage reduced plasma triglycerides (-27%, p < 0.05). In contrast, Ang-2 blockage did not have any effect on the size or composition (collagen content, macrophage percentage, adventitial microvessel density) of pre-existing plaques in the aortic root or collar-induced plaques in the carotid artery. CONCLUSIONS Ang-2 blockage was beneficial as it decreased fatty streak formation and plasma triglyceride levels, but had no adverse effect on pre-existing atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Theelen
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jari P Lappalainen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70150 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Judith C Sluimer
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Erika Gurzeler
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70150 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jack P Cleutjens
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marion J Gijbels
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik A L Biessen
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mat J A P Daemen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70150 Kuopio, Finland.
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230
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Liu RM, Zhang XJ, Liang GY, Yang YF, Zhong JJ, Xiao JH. Antitumor and antimetastatic activities of chloroform extract of medicinal mushroom Cordyceps taii in mouse models. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:216. [PMID: 26155792 PMCID: PMC4495694 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0762-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cordyceps taii, an entomogenous fungus native to south China, is a folk medicine with varieties of pharmacological activities including anticancer effect. To validate the ethnopharmacological claim against cancer, the antitumor and antimetastatic activities of chloroform extract of C. taii (CFCT) were investigated in vivo. METHODS The in vitro cytotoxic activities of CFCT against human lung cancer (A549) and gastric cancer (SGC-7901) cells were evaluated using the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. In vivo anti tumor and antimetastatic activities, Kunming mice bearing sarcoma 180 and C57BL/6 mice bearing melanoma B16F10 were employed, respectively. The antitumor effects of CFCT were completely evaluated on the basis of the tumor weight, survival time, histologic analysis, and immune organ indices. The histopathological change, metastatic foci and malignant melanoma specific marker HMB45 in the lung tissue were detected for the evaluation of the antimetastatic activity of CFCT. RESULTS CFCT exhibited dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicities against A549 and SGC-7901 cells with the IC50 values of 30.2 and 65.7 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, CFCT at a dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg could significantly inhibit the tumor growth in vivo and prolonged the survival time in two different models as compared with the model group, especially when combined with the CTX at a low dose rate. And it also increased spleen index of Kunming mice and thymus index of C57BL/6 mice. Meanwhile, histologic analysis illustrated that CFCT alone or in combination with CTX could induce tumor tissue necrosis of both models. In addition, CFCT at a dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg inhibited the lung metastasis of melanoma B16F10 in tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice. The antimetastatic effect was also observed when CFCT was used in combination with CTX. In comparison to any other groups, CFCT at a dose of 100 mg/kg could effectively enhance the GSH-Px activities of various tissues in tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that CFCT has potent in vivo antitumor and antimetastatic activities, and may be helpful to the development of anticancer chemopreventive agents from C. taii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Ming Liu
- Guizhou Center for Translational Medicine & Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Guizhou Center for Translational Medicine & Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Gui-You Liang
- Guizhou Center for Translational Medicine & Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Yong-Fu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Jian-Jiang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Jian-Hui Xiao
- Guizhou Center for Translational Medicine & Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
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231
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Blecharz KG, Colla R, Rohde V, Vajkoczy P. Control of the blood-brain barrier function in cancer cell metastasis. Biol Cell 2015; 107:342-71. [PMID: 26032862 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201500011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral metastases are the most common brain neoplasms seen clinically in the adults and comprise more than half of all brain tumours. Actual treatment options for brain metastases that include surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are rarely curative, although palliative treatment improves survival and life quality of patients carrying brain-metastatic tumours. Chemotherapy in particular has also shown limited or no activity in brain metastasis of most tumour types. Many chemotherapeutic agents used systemically do not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), whereas others may transiently weaken the BBB and allow extravasation of tumour cells from the circulation into the brain parenchyma. Increasing evidence points out that the interaction between the BBB and tumour cells plays a key role for implantation and growth of brain metastases in the central nervous system. The BBB, as the tightest endothelial barrier, prevents both early detection and treatment by creating a privileged microenvironment. Therefore, as observed in several in vivo studies, precise targetting the BBB by a specific transient opening of the structure making it permeable for therapeutic compounds, might potentially help to overcome this difficult clinical problem. Moreover, a better understanding of the molecular features of the BBB, its interrelation with metastatic tumour cells and the elucidation of cellular mechanisms responsible for establishing cerebral metastasis must be clearly outlined in order to promote treatment modalities that particularly involve chemotherapy. This in turn would substantially expand the survival and quality of life of patients with brain metastasis, and potentially increase the remission rate. Therefore, the focus of this review is to summarise the current knowledge on the role and function of the BBB in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga G Blecharz
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10119, Germany
| | - Ruben Colla
- Department of Neurosurgery, Göttingen University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37070, Germany
| | - Veit Rohde
- Department of Neurosurgery, Göttingen University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37070, Germany
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10119, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 13353, Germany
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Aversa C, Leone F, Zucchini G, Serini G, Geuna E, Milani A, Valdembri D, Martinello R, Montemurro F. Linifanib: current status and future potential in cancer therapy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015; 15:677-687. [DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2015.1042369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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233
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Serum Angiopoietin Levels are Different in Acute and Chronic Myeloid Neoplasms: Angiopoietins do not only Regulate Tumor Angiogenesis. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2015; 32:162-7. [PMID: 27065577 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-015-0548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular balance between Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) has important effects in tumor angiogenesis. Ang-2 was shown to be elevated and proved to be a prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To date studies revealed increased angiogenesis in bone marrows (BMs) of both myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) and AML patients. We conducted this study to demonstrate circulating levels of Ang-1 and Ang-2 in MPN patients since no data exists in literature. Thirty-three newly diagnosed MPN, 27 newly diagnosed AML patients and 25 controls (HC) were enrolled and Angiopoietin levels were determined with ELISA. We found that Ang-1 levels were higher whereas Ang-2 levels were lower in MPN and HC when compared to AML. Our results suggest that though angiogenesis is increased in both AML and MPN, angiopoietin serum level profile of the two diseases are different, and MPN patients have similar Ang-1 and Ang-2 levels as HC. We conclude that, according to our results Ang-1 and Ang-2 do not only regulate tumor angiogenesis and the difference between angiopoietin levels of acute and chronic myeloid neoplasms could be a reflection of other effects of these growth factors on tumor malignancy.
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234
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The roles of ADAMTS in angiogenesis and cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4039-51. [PMID: 25916206 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an indispensable mechanism involved in both physiological processes and various pathological conditions, such as inflammation, aberrant wound healing, tumor progression, and metastasis. Among many angiogenic stimulators and inhibitors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is regarded as one of the most important members of the signaling protein family involved in blood vessel formation and maturation. The a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs) proteins are a family of multifunctional proteinases. Such proteolytic enzymes are associated with various physiological processes, such as collagen maturation, organogenesis, angiogenesis, and reproduction. Importantly, deficiency or overexpression of certain ADAMTS proteinases has been shown to be directly involved in a number of serious diseases, including tumor progression and metastasis. This review explores in-depth the connections between ADAMTS proteinases as positive/negative mediators during angiogenesis and VEGF.
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235
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Lin X, Chen Q, Liu W, Zhang J, Wang S, Lin Z, Lin JM. Oxygen-induced cell migration and on-line monitoring biomarkers modulation of cervical cancers on a microfluidic system. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9643. [PMID: 25905434 PMCID: PMC5386116 DOI: 10.1038/srep09643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report an integrated microfluidic device for cell co-culture under different concentrations of oxygen, in which the secreted protein VEGF165 was on-line qualitatively and semi-quantitatively analyzed by functional nucleic acid, hemin, ABTS and peroxide system. This microfluidic platform allowed investigation of various oxygen and distances effect on cell-to-cell communication. Besides, the microfluidic device was used for real-time analysis of VEGF165 protein by aptamer-functionalized microchannels. Under 5% O2 condition, we found that the migration of CaSki cells was faster than the migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. However, the migration of CaSki cells was slower than the migration of HUVECs under 15% O2 condition. Moreover, the shorter intercellular distances, the quicker cells migration. Furthermore, HIF-1α and VEGF165 genes, ROS were analyzed, and the results would provide new perspectives for the diagnosis and medical treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexia Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- School of Science, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiushui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhixiong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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236
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Wei B, Shi H, Lu X, Shi A, Cheng Y, Dong L. Association between the expression of T-cadherin and vascular endothelial growth factor and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2075-81. [PMID: 25847144 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cadherin has been identified as a tumor-suppressor gene in several types of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the association of the expression of T-cadherin with angiogenesis, and to evaluate its prognostic value for patients with primary gastric cancer. Gastric cancer tissues and matched adjacent tissues from 166 patients receiving surgical resection were included in the present study. The expression of T-cadherin was detected using immunohistochemistry, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression of vascular epidermal growth factor (VEGF) was detected using immunohistochemistry, and its association with the expression of T-cadherin was analyzed. In addition, the association between the expression of T-cadherin and clinicopathological features were analyzed. The mRNA and protein expression levels of T-cadherin were significantly lower in the gastric cancer tissue compared with the corresponding adjacent normal tissue (P<0.05). The expression of VEGF was not associated with the expression of T-cadherin in the gastric cancer tissue. The decreased protein expression of T-cadherin correlated with smoking, larger tumor size (diameter, >4 cm), lymph node metastasis and a higher tumor-lymph node-metastasis stage (P<0.05 or P<0.01). However, the expression of T-cadherin was not correlated with gender, age, alcohol intake, Helecobacter pylori infection or differentiation (P>0.05). The multivariate analysis demonstrated that the expression of T-cadherin was an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival rate of patients with gastric cancer. This data suggested that the downregulation of T-cadherin may contribute to gastric cancer progression, representing a useful biomarker for predicting the biological behavior and prognosis of gastric cancer. However, no significant association was observed between the expression of VEGF and T-cadherin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710002, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Ameng Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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Abstract
The endothelial TIE1 and TIE2 receptor tyrosine kinases form a distinct subfamily characterized by their unique extracellular domains. Together with the angiopoietin growth factors (ANGPT1, ANGPT2, ANGPT4, also abbreviated as ANG), the TIE receptors form an endothelial specific signaling pathway with important functions in the regulation of lymphatic and cardiovascular development and vascular homeostasis. Angiopoietins exist in multimeric forms that activate the TIE receptors via unique mechanism. In endothelial cell–cell contacts, angiopoietins induce the formation of homomeric in trans TIE receptor complexes extending across the cell junctions, whereas matrix-bound angiopoietin-1 (ANG1) activates the TIE receptors in a cis configuration. In comparison to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, the TIE receptors undergo little ubiquitin-mediated degradation after activation, whereas TIE2 signaling is negatively regulated by the vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase, VE-PTP. ANG1 activation of TIE2 supports vascular stabilization, whereas angiopoietin-2 (ANG2), a context-dependent weak TIE2 agonist/antagonist, promotes pathological tumor angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and inflammation. Recently, ANG2 has been found to mediate some of its vascular destabilizing and angiogenic functions via integrin signalling. The circulating levels of ANG2 are increased in cancer, and in several human diseases associated with inflammation and vascular leak, for example, in sepsis. Blocking of ANG2 has emerged as a potential novel therapeutic strategy for these diseases. In addition, preclinical results demonstrate that genetic TIE1 deletion in mice inhibits the vascularization and growth of tumor isografts and protects from atherosclerosis, with little effect on normal vascular homeostasis in adult mice. The ability of the ANG-TIE pathway to control vessel stability and angiogenesis makes it an interesting vascular target for the treatment of the various diseases.
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238
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Raddum AM, Hollås H, Shumilin IA, Henklein P, Kretsinger R, Fossen T, Vedeler A. The native structure of annexin A2 peptides in hydrophilic environment determines their anti-angiogenic effects. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 95:1-15. [PMID: 25772737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The progression of aggressive cancer occurs via angiogenesis and metastasis makes these processes important targets for the development of anti-cancer agents. However, recent studies have raised the concern that selective inhibition of angiogenesis results in a switch towards increased tumour growth and metastasis. Since Annexin A2 (AnxA2) is involved in both angiogenesis and metastasis, it may serve as an ideal target for the simultaneous inhibition of both processes. Based on the discovery that domains I (D(I)) and IV (D(IV)) of AnxA2 are potent inhibitors of angiogenesis, we designed seven peptides derived from these domains based on AnxA2 crystal structures. The peptides were expressed as fusion peptides to increase their folding and solubility. Light scattering, far-UV circular dichroism and thermal transition analyses were employed to investigate their aggregation tendencies, α-helical propensity and stability, respectively. 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (50%) increased the α-helical propensities of all peptides, indicating that they may favour a hydrophobic environment, but did not enhance their thermal stability. D(I)-P2 appears to be the most stable and folded peptide in a hydrophilic environment. The secondary structure of D(I)-P2 was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The effect of the seven AnxA2 peptides on the formation and integrity of capillary-like networks was studied in a co-culture system mimicking many of the angiogenesis-related processes. Notably, D(I)-P2 inhibited significantly network formation in this system, indicating that the folded D(I)-P2 peptide interferes with vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent pro-angiogenic processes. Thus, this peptide has the potential of being developed further as an anti-angiogenic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Torgils Fossen
- Centre for Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Anni Vedeler
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen.
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Diéras V, Wildiers H, Jassem J, Dirix LY, Guastalla JP, Bono P, Hurvitz SA, Gonçalves A, Romieu G, Limentani SA, Jerusalem G, Lakshmaiah KC, Roché H, Sánchez-Rovira P, Pienkowski T, Seguí Palmer MÁ, Li A, Sun YN, Pickett CA, Slamon DJ. Trebananib (AMG 386) plus weekly paclitaxel with or without bevacizumab as first-line therapy for HER2-negative locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer: A phase 2 randomized study. Breast 2015; 24:182-90. [PMID: 25747197 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This phase 2 randomized study evaluated trebananib (AMG 386), a peptide-Fc fusion protein that inhibits angiogenesis by neutralizing the interaction of angiopoietin-1 and -2 with Tie2, in combination with paclitaxel with or without bevacizumab in previously untreated patients with HER2-negative locally recurrent/metastatic breast cancer. METHODS Patients received paclitaxel 90 mg/m(2) once weekly (3-weeks-on/1-week-off) and were randomly assigned 1:1:1:1 to also receive blinded bevacizumab 10 mg/kg once every 2 weeks plus either trebananib 10 mg/kg once weekly (Arm A) or 3 mg/kg once weekly (Arm B), or placebo (Arm C); or open-label trebananib 10 mg/kg once a week (Arm D). Progression-free survival was the primary endpoint. RESULTS In total, 228 patients were randomized. Median estimated progression-free survival for Arms A, B, C, and D was 11.3, 9.2, 12.2, and 10 months, respectively. Hazard ratios (95% CI) for Arms A, B, and D versus Arm C were 0.98 (0.61-1.59), 1.12 (0.70-1.80), and 1.28 (0.79-2.09), respectively. The objective response rate was 71% in Arm A, 51% in Arm B, 60% in Arm C, and 46% in Arm D. The incidence of grade 3/4/5 adverse events was 71/9/4%, 61/14/5%, 62/16/3%, and 52/4/7% in Arms A/B/C/D. In Arm D, median progression-free survival was 12.8 and 7.4 months for those with high and low trebananib exposure (AUCss ≥ 8.4 versus < 8.4 mg·h/mL), respectively. CONCLUSIONS There was no apparent prolongation of estimated progression-free survival with the addition of trebananib to paclitaxel and bevacizumab at the doses tested. Toxicity was manageable. Exposure-response analyses support evaluation of combinations incorporating trebananib at doses > 10 mg/kg in this setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00511459.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luc Y Dirix
- General Hospital Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | | | - Petri Bono
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - K C Lakshmaiah
- Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India.
| | | | | | | | | | - Ai Li
- Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
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Abstract
Chemotherapy and targeted therapy have opened new avenues in clinical oncology. However, there is a lack of response in a substantial percentage of cancer patients and diseases frequently relapse in those who even initially respond. Resistance is, at present, the major barrier to conquering cancer, the most lethal age-related pathology. Identification of mechanisms underlying resistance and development of effective strategies to circumvent treatment pitfalls thereby improving clinical outcomes remain overarching tasks for scientists and clinicians. Growing bodies of data indicate that stromal cells within the genetically stable but metabolically dynamic tumor microenvironment confer acquired resistance against anticancer therapies. Further, treatment itself activates the microenvironment by damaging a large population of benign cells, which can drastically exacerbate disease conditions in a cell nonautonomous manner, and such off-target effects should be well taken into account when establishing future therapeutic rationale. In this review, we highlight relevant biological mechanisms through which the tumor microenvironment drives development of resistance. We discuss some unsolved issues related to the preclinical and clinical trial paradigms that need to be carefully devised, and provide implications for personalized medicine. In the long run, an insightful and accurate understanding of the intricate signaling networks of the tumor microenvironment in pathological settings will guide the design of new clinical interventions particularly combinatorial therapies, and it might help overcome, or at least prevent, the onset of acquired resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, 200031, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, 200025, China
- VA Seattle Medical CenterSeattle, WA, 98108
- Department of Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, 98195
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Soler A, Angulo-Urarte A, Graupera M. PI3K at the crossroads of tumor angiogenesis signaling pathways. Mol Cell Oncol 2015; 2:e975624. [PMID: 27308431 PMCID: PMC4905058 DOI: 10.4161/23723556.2014.975624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumors need blood vessels for their growth, thus providing the rationale for antiangiogenic therapy in cancer treatment. However, intrinsic and acquired resistance and low response rates have turned out to be major limitations of antiangiogenic therapy. This emphasizes the need to further understand how the vasculature in cancer can be targeted. Although endothelial cells (ECs) rely on multiple growth factors and cytokines to grow, antiangiogenic therapies have mainly centered on targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) form a family of 8 isoenzymes with non-redundant functions in normal biology and cancer. The subgroup of class I PI3Ks are situated at the crossroad of a plethora of proangiogenic signals and control cell growth, survival, motility, and metabolism. These isoenzymes have pleiotropic roles in the tumor microenvironment, including cell-autonomous functions in ECs, underscoring the complexity of targeting this pathway in cancer. Here, we describe how the PI3K axis influences angiogenesis in different cell compartments and summarize the diversity of vascular responses to PI3K inhibition. Targeting PI3K signaling by isoform-selective inhibitors, together with readjusting the current doses below the maximum tolerated dose, may improve clinical responses to class I PI3K anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Soler
- Vascular Signalling Lab; Angiogenesis Unit, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) ; Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Angulo-Urarte
- Vascular Signalling Lab; Angiogenesis Unit, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) ; Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Vascular Signalling Lab; Angiogenesis Unit, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) ; Barcelona, Spain
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242
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Wang XY, Pei Y, Xie M, Jin ZH, Xiao YS, Wang Y, Zhang LN, Li Y, Huang WH. An artificial blood vessel implanted three-dimensional microsystem for modeling transvascular migration of tumor cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:1178-87. [PMID: 25565271 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00973h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Reproducing a tumor microenvironment consisting of blood vessels and tumor cells for modeling tumor invasion in vitro is particularly challenging. Here, we report an artificial blood vessel implanted 3D microfluidic system for reproducing transvascular migration of tumor cells. The transparent, porous and elastic artificial blood vessels are obtained by constructing polysaccharide cellulose-based microtubes using a chitosan sacrificial template, and possess excellent cytocompatibility, permeability, and mechanical characteristics. The artificial blood vessels are then fully implanted into the collagen matrix to reconstruct the 3D microsystem for modeling transvascular migration of tumor cells. Well-defined simulated vascular lumens were obtained by proliferation of the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) lining the artificial blood vessels, which enables us to reproduce structures and functions of blood vessels and replicate various hemodynamic parameters. Based on this model, the adhesion and transvascular migration of tumor cells across the artificial blood vessel have been well reproduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Keskin D, Kim J, Cooke VG, Wu CC, Sugimoto H, Gu C, De Palma M, Kalluri R, LeBleu VS. Targeting vascular pericytes in hypoxic tumors increases lung metastasis via angiopoietin-2. Cell Rep 2015; 10:1066-81. [PMID: 25704811 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Strategies to target angiogenesis include inhibition of the vessel-stabilizing properties of vascular pericytes. Pericyte depletion in early-stage non-hypoxic tumors suppressed nascent angiogenesis, tumor growth, and lung metastasis. In contrast, pericyte depletion in advanced-stage hypoxic tumors with pre-established vasculature resulted in enhanced intra-tumoral hypoxia, decreased tumor growth, and increased lung metastasis. Furthermore, depletion of pericytes in post-natal retinal blood vessels resulted in abnormal and leaky vasculature. Tumor transcriptome profiling and biological validation revealed that angiopoietin signaling is a key regulatory pathway associated with pericyte targeting. Indeed, pericyte targeting in established mouse tumors increased angiopoietin-2 (ANG2/Angpt2) expression. Depletion of pericytes, coupled with targeting of ANG2 signaling, restored vascular stability in multiple model systems and decreased tumor growth and metastasis. Importantly, ANGPT2 expression correlated with poor outcome in patients with breast cancer. These results emphasize the potential utility of therapeutic regimens that target pericytes and ANG2 signaling in metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doruk Keskin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jiha Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vesselina G Cooke
- Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chia-Chin Wu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Hikaru Sugimoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chenghua Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michele De Palma
- The Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Valerie S LeBleu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Agrawal V, Maharjan S, Kim K, Kim NJ, Son J, Lee K, Choi HJ, Rho SS, Ahn S, Won MH, Ha SJ, Koh GY, Kim YM, Suh YG, Kwon YG. Direct endothelial junction restoration results in significant tumor vascular normalization and metastasis inhibition in mice. Oncotarget 2015; 5:2761-77. [PMID: 24811731 PMCID: PMC4058043 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor blood vessels are leaky and immature, which causes inadequate blood supply to tumor tissues resulting in hypoxic microenvironment and promotes metastasis. Here we have explored tumor vessel modulating activity of Sac-1004, a recently developed molecule in our lab, which directly potentiates VE-cadherin-mediated endothelial cell junction. Sac-1004 could enhance vascular junction integrity in tumor vessels and thereby inhibit vascular leakage and enhance vascular perfusion. Improved perfusion enabled Sac-1004 to have synergistic anti-tumor effect on cisplatin-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells. Interestingly, characteristics of normalized blood vessels namely reduced hypoxia, improved pericyte coverage and decreased basement membrane thickness were readily observed in tumors treated with Sac-1004. Remarkably, Sac-1004 was also able to inhibit lung and lymph node metastasis in MMTV and B16BL6 tumor models. This was in correlation with a reduction in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of tumor cells with considerable diminution in expression of related transcription factors. Moreover, cancer stem cell population dropped substantially in Sac-1004 treated tumor tissues. Taken together, our results showed that direct restoration of vascular junction could be a significant strategy to induce normalization of tumor blood vessels and reduce metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayendra Agrawal
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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He S, Zeng S, Zhou ZW, He ZX, Zhou SF. Hsa-microRNA-181a is a regulator of a number of cancer genes and a biomarker for endometrial carcinoma in patients: a bioinformatic and clinical study and the therapeutic implication. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:1103-75. [PMID: 25733820 PMCID: PMC4342183 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s73551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant expression of human microRNA-181a-1 (hsa-miR-181a) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancers, serving as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. However, the role of hsa-miR-181a in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma (EC) and its clinical significance are unclear. This study aimed to search for the molecular targets of hsa-miR-181a using bioinformatic tools and then determine the expression levels of hsa-miR-181a in normal, hyperplasia, and EC samples from humans. To predict the targets of hsa-miR-181a, ten different algorithms were used, including miRanda-mirSVR, DIANA microT v5.0, miRDB, RNA22 v2, TargetMiner, TargetScan 6.2, PicTar, MicroCosm Targets v5, and miRWALK. Two algorithms, TarBase 6.0 and miRTarBase, were used to identify the validated targets of hsa-miR-181a-5p (a mature product of hsa-miR-181a), and the web-based Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) 6.7 was used to provide biological functional interpretation of the validated targets of hsa-miR-181a-5p. A total of 78 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 65 patients and 13 healthy subjects were collected and examined, including normal endometrium (n=13), endometrial hyperplasia (n=18), and EC (37 type I and 10 type II EC cases). Our bioinformatic studies have showed that hsa-miR-181a might regulate a large number of target genes that are important in the regulation of critical cell processes, such as cell fate, cell survival, metabolism, and cell death. To date, 313 targets of hsa-miR-181a have been validated, and 22 of these targets are cancer genes. The precision of predictions by all the algorithms for hsa-miR-181a-1’s targets was low. Many of these genes are involved in tumorigenesis of various cancers, including EC, based on the DAVID and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. In comparison with normal endometrial tissue, the expression level of hsa-miR-181a was significantly increased in type I and type II EC (P<0.05), and type II EC exhibited a significant higher expression level of hsa-miR-181a than that in type I EC (P<0.05). In addition, there was a significant increase in the expression level of hsa-miR-181a in type II EC compared with endometrial hyperplasia (P<0.05). Taken together, these results suggest that hsa-miR-181a may serve as an oncogene in endometrial tumorigenesis and that hsa-miR-181a might be used as a new biomarker in the prediction of prognosis of EC in clinical practice. More functional and mechanistic studies are needed to validate the role of hsa-miR-181a in the development, progression, and metastasis of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuming He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiaolan People's Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumei Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiaolan People's Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center and Sino-US Joint Laboratory for Medical Sciences, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xu He
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center and Sino-US Joint Laboratory for Medical Sciences, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA ; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center and Sino-US Joint Laboratory for Medical Sciences, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
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246
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VEGF-D and A Preoperative Serum Levels Predict Nodal and Distant Metastases in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients. World J Surg 2015; 39:1742-9. [PMID: 25670042 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-015-3016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative tumor aggressiveness biomarkers may help surgeons decide the extent of an operation. However, whether serum angiogenetic factors can be used to predict the prognosis of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer is still unclear. METHODS Seventy-six DTC patients were prospectively recruited. Preoperative serum samples were collected and measured for Tie-2, Ang-1, Ang-2, VEGF-A, and VEGF-D levels. The potential correlations between their serum levels and clinicopathologic features as well as their prognoses were analyzed. RESULTS Older age (>45 years old) and higher VEGF-A serum levels were independent predictors of extrathyroidal extension. The VEGF-D serum level was an independent factor for lymph node metastases and VEGF-A was an independent factor for distant metastases. None of these serum angiogenetic factors were significantly different between patients who were disease free and those with recurrences. The presence of lymph node metastases was the only independent factor for recurrence over the 2-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Preoperative serum VEGF-A and VEGF-D levels were significantly elevated in DTC patients with distant and lymph node metastases. These findings, when combined with other clinicopathological factors, may help in surgical decisions.
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247
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Kappou D, Sifakis S, Konstantinidou A, Papantoniou N, Spandidos DA. Role of the angiopoietin/Tie system in pregnancy (Review). Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1091-1096. [PMID: 25780392 PMCID: PMC4353758 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-1 and -2 are endogenous ligands for the vascular endothelium-specific receptor tyrosine kinase Tie-2. The angiopoietin/Tie system plays a critical role in the regulation of endothelial cell survival and vascular maturation and stability. Apart from its well-established role in vascular morphogenesis, emerging data support the involvement of angiopoietins in inflammation and various malignancies. Previous studies have underlined the significance of several angiogenic factors in normal placental development. In addition, angiogenic imbalance is observed in pregnancy complications related to impaired placentation, such as preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). However, there is only limited information available on the role of the angiopoietin/Tie system in the establishment of a competent feto-maternal vascular system. In this review, we present the current knowledge regarding the role of angiopoietins in normal pregnancy and pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kappou
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - S Sifakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - A Konstantinidou
- First Department of Pathology, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - N Papantoniou
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - D A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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248
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Cai W, Li Y, Yi Q, Xie F, Du B, Feng L, Qiu L. Total saponins from Albizia julibrissin inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:3405-13. [PMID: 25607254 PMCID: PMC4368075 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dried stem bark from Albizia julibrissin (AJ) is a highly valued Traditional Chinese Medicine, which has been shown to suppress tumor growth and angiogenesis. Total saponins from AJ (TSAJ) are one of the most bioactive components of AJ extract. The present study evaluated the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of TSAJ in vitro and in vivo. The anti-angiogenic activity of TSAJ was investigated by measuring the effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced proliferation, migration and tube formation of Ea.hy926 endothelial cells in vitro. The expression levels of proteins associated with VEGF-induced angiogenesis were determined by western blotting. Furthermore, in vivo Matrigel™ plug and H22 hepatoma tumor models were used to verify the anti-angiogenic effects of TSAJ. The present study demonstrated that TSAJ significantly inhibited VEGF-mediated endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation of Ea.hy926 cells in vitro. The anti-angiogenic effects of TSAJ were modulated by suppression of phosphorylated-(p-) focal adhesion kinase, p-Akt, and p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the VEGF/VEGF receptor 2 (R2) signaling pathway. Furthermore, oral administration of TSAJ significantly inhibited tumor growth and tumor-induced angiogenesis, as well as the formation of functional vessels, in the Matrigel™ plug model. These results suggest that TSAJ may be a potential anti-angiogenic agent that targets the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway, and inhibits tumor-induced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Cai
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Yi
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Fengshan Xie
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Bin Du
- Laboratory of Tumor Pharmacology, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Lei Feng
- Laboratory of Tumor Pharmacology, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Liying Qiu
- Laboratory of Tumor Pharmacology, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
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Fu B, Wang Y, Zhang X, Lang B, Zhou X, Xu X, Zeng T, Liu W, Zhang X, Guo J, Wang G. MiR-221-induced PUMA silencing mediates immune evasion of bladder cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:1169-80. [PMID: 25585941 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune evasion of cancer cells is mainly due to the impaired transduction of apoptotic signals from immune cells to cancer cells, as well as inhibition of subsequent apoptosis signal cascades within the cancer cells. Over the past few decades, the research has focused more on the impaired transduction of the apoptotic signal from immune cells to cancer cells, rather than inhibition of the intracellular signaling pathways. In this study, miR‑221 inhibitor was transfected into bladder cancer cell lines 5637, J82 and T24 to repress the expression of miR‑221. As a result, the repression of miR‑221 on p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) was abolished, resulting in increased expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax and reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, which promotes apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF-C were reduced, resulting in reduced invasiveness and infiltration capability of bladder cancer cells, thereby inhibiting the immune evasion of bladder cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiali Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Lang
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Medical College of Jiujiang University, Jiangxi, Jiujiang 332000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Jiangxi Provincil People's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Ju Guo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Gongxian Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
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Propolis: A Complex Natural Product with a Plethora of Biological Activities That Can Be Explored for Drug Development. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:206439. [PMID: 26106433 PMCID: PMC4461776 DOI: 10.1155/2015/206439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The health industry has always used natural products as a rich, promising, and alternative source of drugs that are used in the health system. Propolis, a natural resinous product known for centuries, is a complex product obtained by honey bees from substances collected from parts of different plants, buds, and exudates in different geographic areas. Propolis has been attracting scientific attention since it has many biological and pharmacological properties, which are related to its chemical composition. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have been performed to characterize and understand the diverse bioactivities of propolis and its isolated compounds, as well as to evaluate and validate its potential. Yet, there is a lack of information concerning clinical effectiveness. The goal of this review is to discuss the potential of propolis for the development of new drugs by presenting published data concerning the chemical composition and the biological properties of this natural compound from different geographic origins.
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