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Craveiro NS, Silva Lopes B, Tomás L, Fraga Almeida S, Palma H, Afreixo V, Costa Matos L. L-TRUST: Long-term risk of cancer in patients under statins therapy. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2019; 28:1431-1439. [PMID: 31509302 DOI: 10.1002/pds.4895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Statins are widely prescribed drugs with established efficacy in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. Although they are mostly well tolerated, several authors have been emphasizing that the statins' safety profile is not totally clarified especially when considering risk of cancer in patients with long-term exposure to statins. This meta-analysis was aimed at evaluating the risk of cancer in patients with prolonged exposure to statins. METHODS Medline, Cochrane library, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched in order to identify studies with a minimum average follow-up of 10 years of exposure to statins and a cancer-related outcome reported. Relative risk (RR) of the primary outcomes and the combined effect was presented using a random-effects model. In the selected randomized control trials (RCT), statin exposure was compared with placebo, and in the selected observational studies, it was compared with no exposure to statins. RESULTS We retrieved 1627 studies, of which 15 full-papers were included for final review, five RCT, two cohort studies (CSs), and eight case-control studies (CCs), representing a total of 358 544 patients. Five RCT, two cohort studies (CSs), and eight case-control studies (CCs). No significant differences were found regarding risk of cancer occurrence (RR = 1.08, 0.96-1.21) or cancer mortality (RR = 0.91, 0.80-1.04) due to long-term statin exposure. Regarding all-cause mortality, a protective effect was found (RR = 0.93, 0.90-0.97). CONCLUSIONS According to available and published evidence, statins are not associated with an increased risk of cancer after prolonged exposure. These findings strengthen the role of statins in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Sales Craveiro
- Lusitana Family Health Unit, Viseu, Portugal.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Bruno Silva Lopes
- Tondela-Viseu Hospital Centre, Hospital de São Teotónio-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Lara Tomás
- Lusitana Family Health Unit, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Sofia Fraga Almeida
- Alves Martins Family Health Unit, Viseu, Portugal.,Department of Heath Sciences, Catholic University of Portugal, Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | | | - Vera Afreixo
- Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedicine-Aveiro, Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CIDMA (Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications), Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís Costa Matos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Viseu, Portugal.,Tondela-Viseu Hospital Centre, Hospital de São Teotónio-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
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202
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Lin L, Yan L, Liu Y, Yuan F, Li H, Ni J. Incidence and death in 29 cancer groups in 2017 and trend analysis from 1990 to 2017 from the Global Burden of Disease Study. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:96. [PMID: 31511035 PMCID: PMC6740016 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0783-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Cancer has become the second most serious disease threatening human health, followed by cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to quantitatively estimate the mortality, morbidity, and analyze the trends of 29 cancer groups in 195 countries/regions between 1990 and 2017. Methods Detailed information of 29 cancer groups were collected from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in 2017 and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and age-standardized death rates (ASDR) of 29 cancer groups were calculated based on gender, age, region, and country. Trend analyses were conducted for major cancer types. Results In 2017, the global death population caused by cancer reached 9 million, which was nearly twice the number in 1990. The ASDR and ASIR of cancer in males were about 1.5 times those of females. Breast cancer showed the highest mortality rate in females in 2017. Individuals aged over 50 are at high risk of developing cancer and the number of cases and deaths in this age group accounted for more than 80% of all cancers in all age groups. Asia has the heaviest cancer burden due to its large population density. Different cancers in varied countries globally have their own characteristics. The ASDR and ASIR of some major cancers demonstrated changes from 1990 to 2017. Conclusions Analyses of these data provided basis for future investigations to the common etiological factors, leading to the occurrence of different cancers, the development of prevention strategies based on local characteristics, socioeconomic and other conditions, and the formulation of more targeted interventions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-019-0783-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Lin
- Institute Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Fengtai District Community Health Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Liu
- Institute Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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203
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Sarfati D, Dyer R, Vivili P, Herman J, Spence D, Sullivan R, Weller D, Bray F, Hill S, Bates C, Foliaki S, Palafox N, Luciani S, Ekeroma A, Hospedales J. Cancer control in small island nations: from local challenges to global action. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20:e535-e548. [PMID: 31395475 PMCID: PMC7746435 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30511-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death in small island nations and is forecast to increase substantially over the coming years. Governments, regional agencies, and health services of these nations face daunting challenges, including small and fragile economies, unequal distribution of resources, weak or fragmented health services, small population sizes that make sustainable workforce and service development problematic, and the unavailability of specialised cancer services to large parts of the population. Action is required to prevent large human and economic costs relating to cancer. This final Series paper highlights the challenges and opportunities for small island nations, and identifies ways in which the international community can support efforts to improve cancer control in these settings. Our recommendations focus on funding and investment opportunities to strengthen cancer-related health systems to improve sharing of technical assistance for research, surveillance, workforce, and service development, and to support small island nations with policy changes to reduce the consumption of commodities (eg, tobacco and unhealthy food products) that increase cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sarfati
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Rachel Dyer
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Paula Vivili
- Public Health Division, Pacific Community, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | | | | | - Richard Sullivan
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David Weller
- James Mackenzie Professor of General Practice, Usher Institute of Population Health, Sciences and Informatics, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Freddie Bray
- Cancer Surveillance Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Sarah Hill
- Global Health Policy Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christopher Bates
- Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sunia Foliaki
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University-Wellington Campus, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Neal Palafox
- Pacific Regional Cancer Programs, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Silvana Luciani
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alec Ekeroma
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Otago, Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand; National University of Samoa, Le Papaigalagala Campus, To'omatagi, Samoa
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204
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Jacyna J, Wawrzyniak R, Balayssac S, Gilard V, Malet-Martino M, Sawicka A, Kordalewska M, Nowicki Ł, Kurek E, Bulska E, Patejko M, Markuszewski M, Gutknecht P, Matuszewski M, Siebert J, Kaliszan R, Markuszewski MJ. Urinary metabolomic signature of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A multiplatform approach. Talanta 2019; 202:572-579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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205
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Fuller-Thomson E, West KJ. Flourishing despite a cancer diagnosis: factors associated with complete mental health in a nationally-representative sample of cancer patients aged 50 years and older. Aging Ment Health 2019; 23:1263-1274. [PMID: 30130417 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1481926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This study investigated the association between cancer and complete mental health (CMH). CMH includes optimal functioning as well as the absence of psychopathology. Methods: Secondary data analyses of the nationally representative 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health. This study used bivariate and logistic regression analyses to estimate the odds ratios of CMH among community dwellers aged 50 and older with current cancer (n = 438), previous cancer (n = 1,174) and no cancer history (n = 9,279). CMH had three elements: (1) absence of mental illness, addictions and suicidal thoughts in the past year; (2) almost daily happiness or life satisfaction in the past month; (3) psychosocial well-being. Control variables included socio-demographics, health behaviours, current physical health and lifetime history of mental illness and childhood maltreatment. Results: Adults aged 50 and over with current cancer had a much lower prevalence of CMH (66.1%) than those with previous cancer (77.5%) and those with no cancer history (76.8%). After adjusting for 17 variables, the odds of CMH among those with current cancer remained substantially lower (OR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.49-0.79) than those without cancer. Among those who had ever had cancer, the odds of CMH were higher for female, white, married, and older respondents, as well as those with higher socioeconomic status, and no history of childhood physical abuse, substance abuse, depression or anxiety disorder. Conclusions: Those with former cancer have comparable odds of CMH to those with no cancer history, suggesting a high level of resilience among cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esme Fuller-Thomson
- a Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,b Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,c Department of Family & Community Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Keri J West
- a Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
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206
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Alsheikh Hussein LH, Khalil AM, Alghadi AY, Abu Alhaija AA. Exon1 and -116 C/G Promoter Polymorphism on the X-Box DNA Binding Protein- 1 Gene is not Associated with Breast Cancer among Jordanian Women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:2739-2743. [PMID: 31554371 PMCID: PMC6976836 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.9.2739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human X -box binding protein 1 (XBP1), a critical gene in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response, is located on chromosome 22q12, which has been linked with the pathogenesis of many diseases, particularly cancers such as breast cancer (BC). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the XBP1 gene can alter structure and function of the gene. In this study, polymorphism in the promoter region and exon1 of the gene XBP1 and its association with BC in Jordanian women was investigated. Methods: Polymorphism in the promoter and exon1 of XBP1 was analyzed in 100 subjects (controls: n=40; BC patients=60). −116 C/G SNP was genotyped by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-sequence specific primer technique. The odd ratios (ORs) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to assess the strength of this association. Results: The three genotypes of the SNP (GG, GC, CC) and their allelic frequencies have nonsignificant differences between patients and control group. It was noticed that the frequencies of the mutant allele (G) were (75.8% versus 24.2%)) in the patients and control groups, respectively, while those of the normal allele (C) were (67.5% versus 32.5%). XBP1 (-116 G→C) G allele did not show significant association with BC risk (confidence interval = 0.3534- 1.2395, odds ratio = 0.6619, P= 0.197). Moreover, there were no significant mutations in the XBP1 exon1 neither in BC subjects nor control subjects. Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate the effect of polymorphism in the promoter and exon1 of XBP1 gene in the pathogenesis of BC in Jordanian women. The results do not support a role for polymorphism in development of BC and further studies with a larger sample size and detailed data should be performed in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad M Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Ahmad Y Alghadi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.
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207
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Broom A, Kenny K, Kirby E, Lwin Z. The collective/affective practice of cancer survivorship. THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY 2019; 70:1582-1601. [PMID: 30408159 DOI: 10.1111/1468-4446.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Whether within an atmosphere of hope, or amidst relations of fear, the emotions of cancer are unavoidably collectively produced. Yet persistent individualistic paradigms continue to obscure how the emotions of cancer operate relationally - between bodies, subjects, discourses, and practices - and are intertwined with circulating beliefs, cultural desires, and various forms of normativity. Drawing on interviews with 80 people living with cancer in Australia, this paper illustrates why recognition of the collective enterprise of survivorship - and the collective production of emotion, more generally - is important in light of persistent, culturally dominant conceptions of the individual patient as the primary 'afflicted', 'feeling', and 'treated' subject. Building on previous work on affective relations and moral framings, we posit that the collective affects of survivorship inflect what people living with cancer can, and should, feel. We highlight how such things as hope, resignation, optimism, and dread are 'products' of the collective affects of cancer, with implications for how survivorship is lived, felt, and done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Broom
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Level 3 Goodsell Building F-20, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Katherine Kenny
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Level 3 Goodsell Building F-20, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Emma Kirby
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Level 3 Goodsell Building F-20, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Zarnie Lwin
- Clinical Research Unit, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Cancer Care Services, Ground Floor Building 34, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
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208
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Wang C, Liang H, Lin C, Li F, Xie G, Qiao S, Shi X, Deng J, Zhao X, Wu K, Zhang X. Molecular Subtyping and Prognostic Assessment Based on Tumor Mutation Burden in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4251. [PMID: 31480292 PMCID: PMC6747282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The distinct molecular subtypes of lung cancer are defined by monogenic biomarkers, such as EGFR, KRAS, and ALK rearrangement. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is a potential biomarker for response to immunotherapy, which is one of the measures for genomic instability. The molecular subtyping based on TMB has not been well characterized in lung adenocarcinomas in the Chinese population. Here we performed molecular subtyping based on TMB with the published whole exome sequencing data of 101 lung adenocarcinomas and compared the different features of the classified subtypes, including clinical features, somatic driver genes, and mutational signatures. We found that patients with lower TMB have a longer disease-free survival, and higher TMB is associated with smoking and aging. Analysis of somatic driver genes and mutational signatures demonstrates a significant association between somatic RYR2 mutations and the subtype with higher TMB. Molecular subtyping based on TMB is a potential prognostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma. Signature 4 and the mutation of RYR2 are highlighted in the TMB-High group. The mutation of RYR2 is a significant biomarker associated with high TMB in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzheng Wang
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Han Liang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Cong Lin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Fuqiang Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Guoyun Xie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Sitan Qiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | | | - Jianlian Deng
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Kui Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xiuqing Zhang
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China.
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209
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Silva-Junior AL, Alves FS, Kerr MWA, Xabregas LA, Gama FM, Rodrigues MGA, Torres AS, Tarragô AM, Sampaio VS, Carvalho MPSS, Fraiji NA, Malheiro A, Costa AG. Acute lymphoid and myeloid leukemia in a Brazilian Amazon population: Epidemiology and predictors of comorbidity and deaths. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221518. [PMID: 31437246 PMCID: PMC6705820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Leukemia is the most common cancer in children and has the highest rates of incidence in industrialized countries, followed by developing countries. This epidemiologic profile can mainly be attributed to the availability of diagnostic resources. In Brazil, leukemia diagnosis is a challenge due to financial viability, lack of hemovigilance services in isolated regions and the vast size of the territory. Its incidence in the state of Amazonas has been increasing since 2010. Therefore, this study aims to describe the epidemiological pattern and spatial distribution of patients with acute lymphoid leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia in Amazonas and identify the predictors of comorbidity and death. Materials and methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out based on patients’ data which was obtained from the database of a referral center for the period of 2005 to 2015. Variables included age, gender, ethnicity, civil status, schooling, income, location of residence, subtype of leukemia, comorbidities, and date of death. The spatial distribution was performed using QGIS v.2.18. Stata software was used for univariable and multivariable logistic regression to evaluate the association between both comorbidities and death for all characteristic groups of ALL and AML. Results The group that was studied was composed of 577 ALL and 266 AML patients. For both, most patients were male, with a schooling period of 1–4 years, received<1 minimum wage, and lived mostly in Manaus, followed by the municipality of Tefé. There was no association between the development of comorbidities and analyzed variables in patients with ALL. AML patients that were >60 years old and with family history of the disease had the highest risk of developing comorbidities (OR = 5.06, p = 0.038; OR = 2.44, p = 0.041, respectively). Furthermore, patients with ALL and in the 41-50-year age group had a higher risk of death (OR = 31.12; p = 0.001). No association between death and explanatory variables were found in patients with AML. In addition, significant difference was observed in time to death (chi2 = 4,098.32, p = 0.000), with 50% of patients with AML dying within two years after diagnosis, whereas in ALL, this percentual of death only is reached in approximately 5 years. Conclusion Our study describes the data of patients with acute leukemia in Amazonas, a remote region in the north of Brazil. In addition, it highlights the importance of hemovigilance in an Amazon region state, while focusing on peripheral areas which don't have prevention, diagnosis and treatment tools for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Leonardo Silva-Junior
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Silva Alves
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marlon Wendell Athaydes Kerr
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Lilyane Amorim Xabregas
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Fábio Magalhães Gama
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Almeida Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Santos Torres
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Andréa Monteiro Tarragô
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Vanderson Souza Sampaio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Maria Perpétuo Socorro Sampaio Carvalho
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Nelson Abrahim Fraiji
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Adriana Malheiro
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Allyson Guimarães Costa
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Drummond FJ, Reidy M, von Wagner C, Livingstone V, Drennan J, Murphy M, Fowler C, Saab MM, O'Mahony M, Hegarty J. Health Literacy Influences Men's Active and Passive Cancer Information Seeking. Health Lit Res Pract 2019; 3:e147-e160. [PMID: 31410385 PMCID: PMC6685514 DOI: 10.3928/24748307-20190430-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: For cancer prevention information to be effective, it must be accessible to its target populations. Prevalence of inadequate health literacy (HL) is high, but there is a dearth of information on the impact of HL on men's cancer information seeking. Objective: We investigated (1) men's cancer information seeking behaviors, (2) the effect of HL on men's cancer information seeking behavior, and (3) men's preferences for cancer information, considering their HL level. From a national perspective, we investigated men's information seeking behavior from the Irish Cancer Society (ICS), the largest provider of cancer information in Ireland. Methods: Men from adult literacy classes and men's groups were invited to complete a questionnaire. General and ICS-specific cancer information seeking behavior was investigated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were conducted with “ever” seeking cancer information from any source, and actively seeking and passively acquiring ICS information as dependent variables. Key Results: Overall, 259 men completed the questionnaire and 44% had inadequate HL. About one-half of responders reported “ever” actively looking for cancer information. In the study group, 19% actively sought and 67% passively acquired ICS-specific information. In multivariate analysis, the odds of actively seeking (2.93; 95% CI [1.05, 8.15]) or passively acquiring (4.7; 95% CI [1.99, 11.05]) ICS-specific cancer information was significantly higher among those with adequate versus inadequate HL, respectively. HL was not significantly associated with odds of “ever” cancer information seeking in multivariate analysis (odds ratio 1.81; 95% CI [0.90, 3.63]). Men want information about cancer prevention. Suggested future cancer information sources differed by HL levels. General practitioners and the Internet were the preferred source for men with inadequate (53.3%) and adequate HL (57%), respectively. Conclusions: Men both passively acquire and actively seek cancer prevention information. Multimodal dissemination of cancer prevention information is necessary to reach a wide cross-section of men, including those with inadequate HL. This could potentially lower men's cancer burden and reduce gender inequalities in cancer mortality. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2019;3(3):e147–e160.] Plain Language Summary: Most men get cancer prevention information by coming across it passively in their daily lives, instead of actively looking for this information. Men with low health literacy are less likely to obtain cancer information both passively and actively. Men want this information. Organizations need to make this information available in many places and formats (e.g., Internet, doctor, television, sports clubs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances J. Drummond
- Address correspondence to Frances J. Drummond, PhD, Cancer Research @ UCC, 4th Floor, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland T12 XF62;
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Iqbal J, Ejaz SA, Khan I, Ausekle E, Miliutina M, Langer P. Exploration of quinolone and quinoline derivatives as potential anticancer agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 27:613-626. [PMID: 31410781 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the different types of cancers, breast cancer, bone cancer and cervical cancer are the most common gender specific cancer types that are affecting the women worldwide. Currently, many enzymatic and cellular pathways are known as drug targets for the treatment of cancer. Even though many improvements have been made in the therapy of various types of cancer, but the major disadvantage of available anti-cancer drugs is their non-selective behavior towards cancer cells as well as normal cells. OBJECTIVES In the light of this fact, the searching of new compounds with selective behavior only towards cancer cells is critically important. Previously, we have identified several series of compounds as the potential inhibitors of these families. METHODS Herein, we investigate quinolones and quinolines for their anti-cancer activity against breast cancer cells (MCF-7), bone marrow cancer cells (K-562) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa) by MTT assay. The most effective derivatives were further subjected to flow cytometry analysis followed by fluorescence microscopic analysis by using 4´,6-diamidine-2´-phenylindole (DAPI) and propidium staining (PI) staining. RESULTS All the tested compounds were found selective only towards cancer cells. The identified compounds also induced either G2 or S-phase cell cycle arrest within the respective cancer cell line, chromatin condensation and the nuclear fragmentation, as well as maximum interaction with DNA. CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence that the characteristic chemical features of attached groups are the key factors for their anticancer effects and play a useful role in revealing the mechanisms of action in relation to the known compounds in future research programs. Graphical abstract Flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle using propidium iodide staining. Cell apoptosis observed under fluorescence microscope using DAPI and PI staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Syeda Abida Ejaz
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, -45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Elina Ausekle
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert Einstein Str. 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mariia Miliutina
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert Einstein Str. 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Peter Langer
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert Einstein Str. 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.,Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert Einstein Str. 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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212
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Jung H, Koh DH, Choi S, Park JH, Kim HC, Lee SG, Park D. Estimates of the Prevalence, Intensity and the Number of Workers Exposed to Cigarette Smoking across Occupations and Industries in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e213. [PMID: 31392856 PMCID: PMC6689490 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking affects the incidence of various illnesses such as lung cancer, respiratory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. In an effort to prevent smoking-related cancers, we aimed to estimate the smoking prevalence, intensity, and number of workers exposed to smoking, which would be specific to the occupational and industrial circumstances in Korea. METHODS We used the Korean Working Condition Survey (KWCS) and Korea's Census data. Smoking prevalence and intensity were estimated using the KWCS data. The number of smokers was estimated by multiplying smoking prevalence with the number of workers in the occupation or industry. Smoking prevalence, intensity, and number of smokers were estimated for major, sub-major, and minor groups of occupation and industry. RESULTS Of the total labor force in 2010, 52.66% of men and 5.24% of women workers were estimated to be current smokers. Men workers smoked 15.42 cigarettes/day, and women workers 11.29 cigarettes/day. In terms of occupation, "craft and related trades workers" demonstrated the highest smoking prevalence (52.24%). "Managers" smoked the highest number of cigarettes (16.63 cigarettes/day) and "equipment, machine operating, and assembling workers" comprised the largest number of estimated smokers (1,368,726 workers). In terms of industry, "mining and quarrying" had the highest smoking prevalence (69.27%). Those in "construction" smoked the highest number of cigarettes (17.16 cigarettes/day) and those in "manufacturing" comprised the largest number of estimated smokers (1,629,893 workers). CONCLUSION Our results may help in setting priorities for smoking prevention-related activities. In addition, these results can be used for epidemiological studies controlling for the effect of smoking by occupation or industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejung Jung
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dong Hee Koh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Sangjun Choi
- Department of Occupational Health, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Park
- Department of Statistics, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwan Cheol Kim
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Gil Lee
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Donguk Park
- Department of Environmental and Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea
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Kalia S, Kwong YKK. Relationship between sun safety behaviours and modifiable lifestyle cancer risk factors and vitamin D levels. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2019; 35:429-435. [DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kalia
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science and Photomedicine Institute University of British Columbia & Vancouver Coastal Health Vancouver BC Canada
- Cancer Control Research Department BC Cancer Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Yue Kay Kali Kwong
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science and Photomedicine Institute University of British Columbia & Vancouver Coastal Health Vancouver BC Canada
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214
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Stephan Y, Sutin AR, Luchetti M, Caille P, Terracciano A. Cigarette smoking and personality change across adulthood: Findings from five longitudinal samples. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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215
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Ward HA, Whitman J, Muller DC, Johansson M, Jakszyn P, Weiderpass E, Palli D, Fanidi A, Vermeulen R, Tjønneland A, Hansen L, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Severi G, Boutron-Ruault MC, Affret A, Kaaks R, Fortner R, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, La Vecchia C, Kotanidou A, Berrino F, Krogh V, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Nøst TH, Sandanger TM, Quirós JR, Agudo A, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Larrañaga N, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Drake I, Brunnström H, Johansson M, Grankvist K, Travis RC, Freisling H, Stepien M, Merritt MA, Riboli E, Cross AJ. Haem iron intake and risk of lung cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 73:1122-1132. [PMID: 30337714 PMCID: PMC6372073 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies suggest that haem iron, which is found predominantly in red meat and increases endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds, may be positively associated with lung cancer. The objective was to examine the relationship between haem iron intake and lung cancer risk using detailed smoking history data and serum cotinine to control for potential confounding. METHODS In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), 416,746 individuals from 10 countries completed demographic and dietary questionnaires at recruitment. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident lung cancer (n = 3731) risk relative to haem iron, non-haem iron, and total dietary iron intake. A corresponding analysis was conducted among a nested subset of 800 lung cancer cases and 1489 matched controls for whom serum cotinine was available. RESULTS Haem iron was associated with lung cancer risk, including after adjustment for details of smoking history (time since quitting, number of cigarettes per day): as a continuous variable (HR per 0.3 mg/1000 kcal 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.07), and in the highest versus lowest quintile (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02-1.32; trend across quintiles: P = 0.035). In contrast, non-haem iron intake was related inversely with lung cancer risk; however, this association attenuated after adjustment for smoking history. Additional adjustment for serum cotinine did not considerably alter the associations detected in the nested case-control subset. CONCLUSIONS Greater haem iron intake may be modestly associated with lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Ward
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Julia Whitman
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David C Muller
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy
| | - Anouar Fanidi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Louise Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina C Dahm
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
- CESP Inserm, Facultés de Medicine Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- CESP Inserm, Facultés de Medicine Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Aurélie Affret
- CESP Inserm, Facultés de Medicine Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renee Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Franco Berrino
- Fondazione IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Fondazione IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic - M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service, ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Petra H Peeters
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Larrañaga
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division and BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Huerta
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division and BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Elio Riboli
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda J Cross
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Asghariazar V, Sakhinia E, Mansoori B, Mohammadi A, Baradaran B. Tumor suppressor microRNAs in lung cancer: An insight to signaling pathways and drug resistance. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19274-19289. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Asghariazar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Ebrahim Sakhinia
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Aging Research Institute, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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217
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Moorehead RA. Rodent Models Assessing Mammary Tumor Prevention by Soy or Soy Isoflavones. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E566. [PMID: 31357528 PMCID: PMC6722900 DOI: 10.3390/genes10080566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While epidemiological studies performed in Asian countries generally show that high levels of dietary soy are associated with reduced breast cancer risk, studies in Western countries have typically failed to show this correlation. In an attempt to model the preventative actions of soy on mammary tumor development, rodent models have been employed. Thirty-four studies were identified that evaluated the impact of soy products or purified soy isoflavones on mammary tumor initiation (studies evaluating established mammary tumors or mammary tumor cell lines were not included) and these studies were separated into mammary tumors induced by chemical carcinogens or transgenic expression of oncogenes based on the timing of soy administration. Regardless of when soy-based diets or purified isoflavones were administered, no consistent protective effects were observed in either carcinogen-induced or oncogene-induced mammary tumors. While some studies demonstrated that soy or purified isoflavones could reduce mammary tumor incidence, other studies showed either no effect or tumor promoting effects of soy products or isoflavones. Most importantly, only five studies found a decrease in mammary tumor incidence and six studies observed a decrease in tumor multiplicity, two relevant measures of the tumor preventative effects of soy or isoflavones. The variable outcomes of the studies examined were not completely surprising given that few studies employed the same experimental design. Future studies should be carefully designed to more accurately emulate soy consumption observed in Asian cultures including lifetime exposure to less refined soy products and potentially the incorporation of multigenerational feeding studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Moorehead
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada.
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218
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Agricultural Exposures and Breast Cancer Among Latina in the San Joaquin Valley of California. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 61:552-558. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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219
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KARAMAN FATMABETÜL, SEKMEN HATİCE, ALVUR TUNCAYMÜGE. BREAST CANCER AWARENESS AND BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION AMONG UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOL FEMALE STUDENTS: KOCAELİ UNIVERSITY-TURKEY. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2019. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.427292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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220
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Beltrán-García J, Osca-Verdegal R, Mena-Mollá S, García-Giménez JL. Epigenetic IVD Tests for Personalized Precision Medicine in Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:621. [PMID: 31316555 PMCID: PMC6611494 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations play a key role in the initiation and progression of cancer. Therefore, it is possible to use epigenetic marks as biomarkers for predictive and precision medicine in cancer. Precision medicine is poised to impact clinical practice, patients, and healthcare systems. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the epigenetic testing landscape in cancer by examining commercially available epigenetic-based in vitro diagnostic tests for colon, breast, cervical, glioblastoma, lung cancers, and for cancers of unknown origin. We compile current commercial epigenetic tests based on epigenetic biomarkers (i.e., DNA methylation, miRNAs, and histones) that can actually be implemented into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Beltrán-García
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Osca-Verdegal
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Mena-Mollá
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain.,EpiDisease S.L. Spin-Off of CIBERER (ISCIII), Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain.,EpiDisease S.L. Spin-Off of CIBERER (ISCIII), Valencia, Spain
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221
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Role of Wnt3a in the pathogenesis of cancer, current status and prospective. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:5609-5616. [PMID: 31236761 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway plays a critical role in initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis of cancer. Wnt3a as a canonical Wnt ligand is strongly implicated in the etiology and pathology of a number of diseases including cancer. Depending on cancer type, Wnt3a enhances or suppresses metastasis, cell proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells. This review summarizes the role of Wnt3a in the pathogenesis of different cancers including colorectal, prostate, hepatocellular, lung and leukemia, for promoting greater understanding and clinical management of these diseases.
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222
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Amin RW, Stafford B, Guttmann RP. A spatial study of bladder cancer mortality and incidence in the contiguous US: 2000-2014. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 670:806-813. [PMID: 30921714 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a significant health issue across the United States of America (USA). Evidence of unequal distribution of a disease or condition's incidence and mortality would suggest that important geographically-defined variables may play a role. In this study, a spatial cluster analysis of bladder cancer mortality identified significant hot spots in some parts of the USA. Regression analysis modelling estimated the effects of selected covariates or risk factors for bladder cancer mortality and also incidence. Spatial heat maps and cluster identification were done for mortality and incidence. The main result was the significant association between bladder cancer mortality and arsenic intake from well water. A similar result was also obtained for cancer incidence and arsenic. Additionally, there are certain geographic areas that appear to have bladder cancer mortality rates beyond the simple association with the studied covariates. These geographic areas warrant further investigation to better understand why cancer mortality is unusually high in such geographic areas and to potentially identify additional local concerns or needs to further address bladder cancer mortality in those specific sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raid W Amin
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of West Florida, Pensacola, USA.
| | - Bunpen Stafford
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of West Florida, Pensacola, USA.
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Abstract
Today health professionals are not only required to know medicine, but scientific reading, interpretation, and communication of new data. The new information about contraception and hormonal therapies must be analyzed by gynecologists to determine whether or not the new data are applicable to their patients and if it has an impact on their health. Recently a new study of hormonal contraceptives and the risk of breast cancer was published. In this study, the investigators found an elevation of the relative risk of breast cancers on the users versus the nonusers of hormonal contraception. After analyzing the publication and other data available, it is our opinion that it is a very low increase of the risk and its impact should be evaluated case by case, not forgetting to take into account the numerous beneficial effects that hormonal contraception have.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Barriga
- a School of Medicine , Finis Terrae University , Santiago , Chile
| | | | - Arnaldo Porcile
- c Faculty of Medicine , Universidad de Chile , Santiago , Chile
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Kim SW, Park WY, Jhon M, Kim M, Lee JY, Kim SY, Kim JM, Shin IS, Yoon JS. Physical Health Literacy and Health-related Behaviors in Patients with Psychosis. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 17:279-287. [PMID: 30905128 PMCID: PMC6478081 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2019.17.2.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study compared the levels of knowledge of physical illnesses and patterns of health behaviors between patients with psychosis and the general population. Methods A total of 712 participants were included in the study; 292 patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder and 420 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Questionnaires were administered to study participants to determine the level of knowledge of chronic physical illnesses such as cancer, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus and health-related behavior. Results from the two study groups were compared to identify differences in knowledge of physical illness and health-related behaviors. Results Compared with healthy controls, patients with psychosis were less likely to undergo regular medical check-ups and engage in exercise. Patients with psychosis had poorer knowledge of physical illnesses, and were more likely to smoke, be overweight, or have diabetes. Patients with psychosis were significantly less likely to acknowledge the importance of early detection of cancer and controlling hypertension and diabetes, independent of education and type of medical insurance. Patients who smoked were significantly less likely to agree with the statement on the relationship between smoking and physical illnesses. Patients not undergoing regular medical check-ups were significantly less likely to agree with statements concerning the need for cancer screening. Conclusion Patients with psychosis demonstrated lower levels of knowledge of physical illnesses and a lack of understanding of preventive behaviors. Low levels of knowledge were associated with poor health-related behaviors. Education of physical health should be provided to patients with psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School.,Gwangju Mental Health and Welfare Commission.,MindLink, Gwangju Bukgu Community Mental Health Center
| | | | - Min Jhon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School.,MindLink, Gwangju Bukgu Community Mental Health Center
| | - Mina Kim
- Gwangju Mental Health and Welfare Commission.,Department of Nursing, Graduate School, Chonnam National University
| | - Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School.,Gwangju Mental Health and Welfare Commission.,MindLink, Gwangju Bukgu Community Mental Health Center
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School
| | - Il-Seon Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School
| | - Jin-Sang Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School
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225
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Roquette R, Painho M, Nunes B. Geographical patterns of the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in mainland Portugal municipalities (2007-2011). BMC Cancer 2019; 19:512. [PMID: 31142284 PMCID: PMC6542026 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5719-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. In Portugal, colorectal cancer is one of the most incident cancers; thus, it is crucial to act to fight it. Knowledge of the geographical distribution of the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer can facilitate the execution of these actions and make them more effective. METHODS Our paper aims to describe and discuss the geographical patterns of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in mainland Portugal municipalities (2007-2011). We used the Besag, York and Mollié (BYM) model to compute the relative risk (RR) and posterior probability (PP). We performed a cluster analysis with Global Moran's Index and Local Moran's Index (LISA). We ran a geographically weighted regression (GWR) to compare incidence and mortality patterns. RESULTS Incidence and mortality have different distributions of RR values. The interval of RR concerning incidence was higher than the interval of RR concerning mortality. PP values reinforce the finding of higher heterogeneity of the incidence of colorectal cancer. The comparison of the cluster maps for incidence and mortality shows a few municipalities classified with the same cluster type in both maps. Additionally, the GWR results show that the percentage of RR mortality explained by RR incidence differs throughout mainland Portugal. From the comparison of our results with the prevalence of risk factors (at NUTS II level), the need to be aware of smoking habits, alcohol consumption and the unhealthy diet of the Portuguese population stands out. CONCLUSIONS There are differences in the geographical distribution of the RR incidence and RR mortality of colorectal cancer in mainland Portugal municipalities. Likewise, it is relevant to highlight the cluster of two municipalities with high RR values concerning colorectal cancer's incidence and mortality. Future research is necessary to explain the geographical differences in the distribution of colorectal cancer in mainland Portugal municipalities. Based on our findings, it may be interesting to examine the influence of smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and screening on colorectal cancer in greater detail. Additionally, it may be relevant to develop an analysis focused on municipalities where the incidence values explain the mortality values poorly (or well).
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Roquette
- NOVA IMS Information Management School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Campolide, 1099-085 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Epidemiology, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M. Painho
- NOVA IMS Information Management School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Campolide, 1099-085 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - B. Nunes
- Department of Epidemiology, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Av. Padre Cruz, Lisbon, 1600-560 Portugal
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226
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Agide FD, Sadeghi R, Garmaroudi G, Tigabu BM. A systematic review of health promotion interventions to increase breast cancer screening uptake: from the last 12 years. Eur J Public Health 2019; 28:1149-1155. [PMID: 29351597 PMCID: PMC6241206 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The outcome of breast cancer treatment largely depends on the timing of detection. The health promotion interventions have an immense contribution to early detection and improved survival. Therefore, this review aimed to provide evidence on the efficacy of the health promotion interventions to increase the uptake of breast cancer screening and to develop effective interventions targeting women. Methods Online databases (PubMed/MEDLINE/PubMed Central, Ovid/MEDILINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Google Scholar) were searched for studies published between January 2005 and January 2017. A quality coding system was assessed using Cochrane checklists for randomized controlled trial (RCT) and Downs and Black checklists for non-RCT. The score was rated for the included articles by each researcher independently and the average score is given accordingly. This study was registered in PROSPERO as [PROSPERO 2017: CRD42017060488]. Results The review dovetailed 22 studies. Thirteen studies (59.10%) were conducted in the Unite States, 4 in Iran (18.18%), 2 in India (9.09%) and 1 each in Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Israel. The interventions were classified as ‘individual-based’, ‘community-based’, ‘group-based teachings and training’ and ‘behavioral model based’. The majority of the studies showed favorable outcomes after health promotion interventions, including improvements in women’s view of breast screening, breast self-examination and knowledge of breast screening. Conclusion The review confirmed that most of the health promotion interventions targeting women boosted the breast screening in one or another way. However, the limited quality of the included studies showed that further research is needed to improve the trials in the next future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feleke Doyore Agide
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia
| | - Roya Sadeghi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Garmaroudi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Bereket Molla Tigabu
- Department of Pharmaco-economics and Pharmaceutical Administration, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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227
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Drake I, Dias JA, Teleka S, Stocks T, Orho-Melander M. Lifestyle and cancer incidence and mortality risk depending on family history of cancer in two prospective cohorts. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:1198-1207. [PMID: 31077359 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The extent to which a favorable lifestyle may lower cancer risk in subjects with a family history of cancer is unknown. We conducted a prospective study in two Swedish cohorts, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS; n = 25,604) and the Malmö Preventive Project (MPP; n = 16,216). The association between a favorable lifestyle (based on nonsmoking, normal weight, absence of excessive drinking, regular physical activity and healthy diet) and cancer incidence and mortality risk was assessed using Cox regression stratified by family history of cancer (all types). A favorable lifestyle was associated with a 22% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18-26%) and 40% (95% CI: 36-44%) lower risk of cancer incidence and mortality, respectively, compared to an unfavorable lifestyle. No significant effect modification by family history was observed but there was a null association between lifestyle and cancer incidence among subjects with two or more affected first-degree relatives. The observed relative risk estimates comparing an unfavorable with a favorable lifestyle corresponded to standardized 10-year cancer incidence rates of 11.2 vs. 9.5% in the MDCS, and 4.4 vs. 3.2% in the MPP, and a reduction in 20-year cancer mortality rate from 11.7% to 7.4% in the MDCS and 6.7% to 3.9% in the MPP. Improved adherence to cancer prevention recommendations may reduce cancer incidence and mortality risk in the general population, however, further studies are needed to assess the impact of lifestyle on cancer incidence among subjects with strong familial or polygenic risk for specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Drake
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease - Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joana Alves Dias
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stanley Teleka
- Registry-based Epidemiology, Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tanja Stocks
- Registry-based Epidemiology, Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease - Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Abstract
Cancers are not composed merely of cancer cells alone; instead, they are complex 'ecosystems' comprising many different cell types and noncellular factors. The tumour stroma is a critical component of the tumour microenvironment, where it has crucial roles in tumour initiation, progression, and metastasis. Most anticancer therapies target cancer cells specifically, but the tumour stroma can promote the resistance of cancer cells to such therapies, eventually resulting in fatal disease. Therefore, novel treatment strategies should combine anticancer and antistromal agents. Herein, we provide an overview of the advances in understanding the complex cancer cell-tumour stroma interactions and discuss how this knowledge can result in more effective therapeutic strategies, which might ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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229
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Chen P, Wang C, Song Q, Chen T, Jiang J, Zhang X, Xu J, Cui J, Cheng Y. Impacts of Sleep Duration and Snoring on The Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:1968-1974. [PMID: 31205556 PMCID: PMC6548174 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep duration and snoring are correlated with tumorigenesis while their associations with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of night sleep duration and snoring on ESCC risk. Methods This study included a total of 527 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients and 505 gender- and age- matched healthy controls from five hospitals in China. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by conditional logistic regression models. Results Subjects with sleep duration <7 h (adjusted OR 3.18, 95%CI 1.55-6.53) and regular snoring (adjusted OR 2.56, 95%CI 1.82-3.59) were exposed to high esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk. After the multivariate models adjusted for body mass index (BMI), the results changed slightly. In the stratified analysis regarding gender, the similar trends occurred in both men and women, and BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2 (adjusted OR 0.68, 95%CI 0.48-0.96) was associated with decreased esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in men. Additionally, the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk attributable to sleep duration <7 h and regular snoring could be completely or partially diminished in subjects with BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2. Conclusion In both genders, short sleep duration (<7h) and regular snoring were significantly related to increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxu Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxiu Jiang
- Intensive Care Unit, the People's Hospital of Pingyi, 7Jinhua Road, Pingyi, 273300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Cui
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
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Raji Lahiji M, Dehdari T, Shokouhi Shoormasti R, Hosseini AF, Navaei M, Zarrati M. Nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards breast cancer prevention among the female population of Iran University of medical science students. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1355-1364. [PMID: 31058553 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1607410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Diet plays a measurable role in breast cancer (BC) prevention. The aims of this study were to assess nutrition-related BC prevention Knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) of female university students and to examine the relationship between demographic characteristics of students and their KAP. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 500 female students from Iran University of Medical Science (IUMS). A pretested self-administered questionnaires were used to assess the participants' nutrition-related BC prevention KAP. A total of 500 students completed the survey. Students' knowledge with the mean score of 16.97, significantly varied by age (P= 0.03), the field of study (P= 0.001) and family history of BC (P= 0.01). The mean score of attitudes and practice toward nutrition-related BC prevention factors were 24.86 and 39.39, respectively. A significant relationship was observed between nutrition knowledge and attitude (r = 0.27, P < 0.001). Also, Nutrition-related attitudes were positively correlated with the BC prevention dietary practices (r = 0.23, P < 0.001). Nutrition KAP about BC prevention factors was found to be influenced by individual factors such as age, field of study, familial history of BC, job and residency status. Together, our findings confirm that increasing nutrition knowledge is not sufficient for dietary behavior change, but is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Raji Lahiji
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Tahereh Dehdari
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran
| | | | - Agha Fatemeh Hosseini
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mehraban Navaei
- Department of Nutrition, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mitra Zarrati
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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231
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Utada M, Chernyavskiy P, Lee WJ, Franceschi S, Sauvaget C, de Gonzalez AB, Withrow DR. Increasing risk of uterine cervical cancer among young Japanese women: Comparison of incidence trends in Japan, South Korea and Japanese-Americans between 1985 and 2012. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:2144-2152. [PMID: 30474210 PMCID: PMC7478999 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In Japan, cervical cancer incidence has increased since the late 1990s especially among young women, despite a decreasing trend in most developed countries. Here, we examined age, period and birth cohort trends in cervical cancer incidence rates from 1985 to 2012. Incidence rates were ascertained using three population-based cancer registries and analyzed using Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort models. We compared the findings in Japan to trends among Japanese-Americans in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Registries and among women in South Korea using the Korea Central Registry. Age-standardized incidence rates in Japan decreased by 1.7% per year (95% confidence interval - 3.3%, 0.0%) until 1997 and thereafter increased by 2.6% per year (1.1%, 4.2%). Incidence rates increased among women under age 50, were stable among women aged 50-54, and decreased or remained stable among women aged 55 and over. The age-standardized incidence rate ratio by birth cohort showed a U-shaped pattern with the lowest rates in women born in the late 1930s and 1940s. In comparison, women born before 1920 and after 1970 had about double the incidence. Increasing risk in recent birth cohorts was not evident in Japanese-American or South Korean women. The trends in Japan may be attributable to increasing prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among young women. Screening and vaccination have been shown to be highly effective and would help reverse these trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Utada
- Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Pavel Chernyavskiy
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Wyoming, Wyoming, USA
| | - Won Jin Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Catherine Sauvaget
- Screening Group, Section of Early Detection and Prevention, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Amy Berrington de Gonzalez
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, USA
| | - Diana R. Withrow
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, USA
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232
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Moss JL, Liu B, Zhu L. Adolescent Behavioral Cancer Prevention in the United States: Creating a Composite Variable and Ranking States' Performance. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2019; 46:865-876. [PMID: 30964336 DOI: 10.1177/1090198119839111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Preventive behaviors established during adolescence can reduce cancer throughout the life span. Understanding the combinations of multiple behaviors, and how these behaviors vary across states, is important for identifying where additional interventions are needed. Using data on 2011-2015 vaccination, energy balance, and substance use from national surveys, we created state-level composite scores for adolescent cancer prevention. Hierarchical Bayesian linear mixed models were used to predict estimates for states with no data on select behaviors. We used a Monte Carlo procedure with 100,000 simulations to generate states' ranks and 95% confidence intervals. Across states, hepatitis B vaccination was 84.3% to 97.1%, and human papillomavirus vaccination was 41.8% to 78.0% for girls and 19.0% to 59.3% for boys. For energy balance, 20.2% to 34.6% of adolescents met guidelines for physical activity, 4.1% to 15.8% for fruit and vegetable consumption, and 66.4% to 82.0% for healthy weight. For substance use, 82.5% to 93.5% reported abstaining from binge alcohol use, 84.3% to 95.4% from cigarette smoking, and 62.9% to 92.8% from marijuana use. (1) Rhode Island, (2) Colorado, (4) Hawaii and New Hampshire (tied), and (5) Vermont performed the best for adolescent cancer prevention, and (47) Missouri, (48) Arkansas, Mississippi, and South Carolina (tied), and (51) Kentucky performed the worst. However, 95% CIs around ranks often overlapped, indicating lack of statistical differences. Adolescent cancer prevention behaviors clustered into a composite index. States varied on their performance on this index, especially for states at the high and low extremes, but most states did not differ statistically. These findings can inform decision makers about where and how to intervene to improve cancer prevention among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benmei Liu
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Li Zhu
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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233
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Xie C, Ji N, Tang Z, Li J, Chen Q. The role of extracellular vesicles from different origin in the microenvironment of head and neck cancers. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:83. [PMID: 30954079 PMCID: PMC6451295 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0985-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The proliferation and metastasis ability of tumors are mediate by the "mutual dialogue" between cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Extracellular vesicles (EVs), mainly exosomes and microvesicles, play an important role in achieving intercellular substance transport and information transfer in the TME. Initially considered "garbage dumpsters" and later referred to as "signal boxes", EVs carry "cargo" (proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids) that can redirect the function of a recipient cell. Currently, the molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of EVs in head and neck cancers (HNCs) are still at an early stage and need to be further investigate. In this review, we provide insight into the TME of HNCs, classifying and summarizing EVs derived from different cell types and illuminating their complex signaling networks involved in mediating tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis, vascular angiogenesis and cancer drug resistance. In addition, we highlight the application of EVs in HNCs, underlining the special pathological and physiological environment of HNCs. The application of tumor heterogeneous EVs in saliva and circulating blood diagnostics will provide a new perspective for the early screening, real-time monitoring and prognostic risk assessment of HNCs. Given the concept of precise and individual therapy, nanostructured EVs are equipped with superior characteristics of biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, loadability and modification ability, making these molecules one of the new strategies for HNCs treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomalogical Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangui Tang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomalogical Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
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234
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The effects of physical activity on cancer prevention, treatment and prognosis: A review of the literature. Complement Ther Med 2019; 44:9-13. [PMID: 31126580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The World Health Organization has reported that approximately 35% of cancer-related deaths are attributed to modifiable risk factors. Among the most important risk factors amenable to modification are obesity and lack of physical activity. The purpose of this article is to review the current evidence of the benefits of physical activity in various types of cancer. METHODS A PubMed search for the key words "physical activity and cancer" as well as "exercise and cancer" was used to identify all indexed publications on this topic for potential utilization in this review. One MET was defined as the amount of oxygen consumed while a person is sitting quietly and is about 3.5 mL O2/kg body weight/min. MET represents the ratio of the working metabolic rate to the resting metabolic rate. RESULTS Routine physical activity was found to be associated with a reduced incidence of several of the most common malignancies, including colon, breast, lung, and endometrial cancer as well as many others. Physical activity also appears to reduce all-cause mortality and cancer-related mortality among patients with breast and colon cancer, and may improve the functional status and quality of life for these patients during cancer therapy. CONCLUSIONS The benefits of physical activity in the prevention and progression of cancer patients are multiple. However, the strength of the available evidence is limited by the observational nature of most studies. Given the probable improvement in prevention, mortality, and quality of life with structured physical activity in different malignancies, it is important that healthcare providers discuss physical activity programs with their cancer patients. Larger randomized trials are recommended.
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Kutwin M, Sawosz E, Jaworski S, Wierzbicki M, Strojny B, Grodzik M, Ewa Sosnowska M, Trzaskowski M, Chwalibog A. Nanocomplexes of Graphene Oxide and Platinum Nanoparticles against Colorectal Cancer Colo205, HT-29, HTC-116, SW480, Liver Cancer HepG2, Human Breast Cancer MCF-7, and Adenocarcinoma LNCaP and Human Cervical Hela B Cell Lines. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12060909. [PMID: 30893818 PMCID: PMC6470683 DOI: 10.3390/ma12060909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inefficient drug administration into cancer cells is related to the chemoresistance of cancer cells caused by genetic mutations including genes involved in drug transport, enzyme metabolism, and/or DNA damage repair. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the properties of platinum (NP-Pt), graphene oxide (GO), and the nanocomplex of GO functionalized with platinum nanoparticles (GO-NP-Pt) against several genetically, phenotypically, and metabolically different cancer cell lines: Colo205, HT-29, HTC-116, SW480, HepG2, MCF-7, LNCaP, and Hela B. The anticancer effects toward the cancer cell lines were evaluated by 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxyanilide salt (XTT) and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assays and measurements of cell apoptosis and morphology deformations. The NP-Pt and GO could effectively be introduced to cancer cells, but more effective delivery was observed after GO-NP-Pt treatment. The delivery of the GO-NP-Pt nanocomplex significantly decreased the viability of Colo 205 and HepG2 cells, but did not increase the cytotoxicity of other investigated cancer cells. The nanocomplex GO-NP-Pt also significantly increased the apoptosis of Colo 205 and HepG2 cancer cells. The obtained results suggest that the nanocomplex GO-NP-Pt is a remarkable nanostructure that can improve the delivery of Pt nanoparticles into cancer cells and has potential anticancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kutwin
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Sawosz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Jaworski
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Wierzbicki
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Barbara Strojny
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Grodzik
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Malwina Ewa Sosnowska
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Maciej Trzaskowski
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland.
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - André Chwalibog
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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236
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Scimeca M, Pietrolungo F, Bonfiglio R, Bonanno E, Tancredi V. Role of physical activity in onset, prevention and treatment of human neoplasms. Future Oncol 2019; 15:1181-1183. [PMID: 30880458 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Scimeca
- San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, Rome, 00166 Italy.,Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | | | - Rita Bonfiglio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Elena Bonanno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy.,'Diagnostica Medica' & 'Villa dei Platani', Avellino, Italy
| | - Virginia Tancredi
- San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, Rome, 00166 Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, School of Sport & Exercise Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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237
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Maisonneuve P. Epidemiology and burden of pancreatic cancer. Presse Med 2019; 48:e113-e123. [PMID: 30878335 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, although infrequent, has a very poor prognosis, making it currently the fourth common causes of cancer mortality in most developed countries including the European Union (EU). Its incidence varies across regions, which suggests that lifestyle factors play an important role in its etiology, although part of the variation could be ascribed to difference in diagnostic and coding practices. Because pancreatic cancer is strongly age-dependent, increasing population longevity and ageing will lead to an increase of the global burden of pancreatic cancer. It was estimated that, by 2040, the total number of cases in the EU will increase by more than 30%. Pancreatic cancer is a multifactorial disease and many risk factors have been identified. Hereditary factors are responsible for less than 10% of the cases while tobacco smoking and excess body weight, the two most important potentially modifiable risk factors, are responsible for 10 to 30% of the cases, affording a unique opportunity for preventing one of our deadliest cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Maisonneuve
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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238
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Qu Y, Szulejko JE, Kim KH, Jo SH. The effect of varying battery voltage output on the emission rate of carbonyls released from e-cigarette smoke. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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239
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Amin RW, Fritsch BA, Retzloff JE. Spatial Clusters of Breast Cancer Mortality and Incidence in the Contiguous USA: 2000-2014. J Gen Intern Med 2019; 34:412-419. [PMID: 30652275 PMCID: PMC6420677 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-018-4824-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clusters of breast cancer with varied incidence or mortality are known to exist. No national scale of analysis of geographical variation in breast cancer incidence has been published before for the contiguous USA. METHODS This was a spatial cluster analysis of incidence and mortality data on breast cancer in the contiguous USA at the county resolution. Data for the years 2000-2014 were downloaded and analyzed with the software SaTScan with the goal to identify significant spatial clusters of breast cancer. Regression analysis was used to then adjust breast cancer incidence and mortality for several key risk factors such as age, smoking, particulate matter air pollution, physical inactivity, urban living, education level, and race. RESULTS Spatial clusters of counties for higher than expected breast cancer incidence and also for breast cancer mortality were identified. All identified clusters have p < 0.05. The mortality clusters show the mean breast cancer rates inside the cluster, while the incidence clusters show the relative risk inside each cluster. This is the first study of the contiguous USA for breast cancer mortality and incidence together. The clustering for mortality is quite different from the clustering for incidence. Using the software JOINPOINT, it is shown that the annual US downward trend for breast cancer mortality slowed down in recent years. CONCLUSIONS There exist several significant clusters in the contiguous USA, both for breast cancer incidence and for breast cancer mortality. Some of the clusters persisted even after adjusting for several key risk factors. These geographic areas warrant further investigation to potentially identify additional local concerns or needs to further address female breast cancer in those specific sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raid W Amin
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, 32514, USA.
| | - Bridget A Fritsch
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, 32514, USA
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240
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Najafi E, Khanjani N, Ghotbi MR, Masinaei Nejad ME. The association of gastrointestinal cancers (esophagus, stomach, and colon) with solar ultraviolet radiation in Iran-an ecological study. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:152. [PMID: 30739209 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Iran has variations in the incidence of cancer in its different provinces. Moreover, it is one of the countries with a high incidence of gastrointestinal cancers in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between the incidence of esophageal, stomach, and colon cancers with ultraviolet radiation. This is an ecological study. The age-standardized incidence of cancer from 2004 to 2008 was obtained from the National Cancer Registry of Iran for all provinces. UV index data was taken from the world weather site. The altitude and latitude of cities were obtained from the National Topography Organization. Demographic variables were taken from the STEPS report of the Ministry of Health. In this study, lung cancer were used as the index of the effects of smoking. Data were analyzed using the SPSS22 software and through linear regression. UV emission levels showed a strong negative correlation with the incidence of esophageal and gastric cancers, in both genders, in all years. However, this correlation was stronger in men. UV radiation showed a significant correlation with colon cancer among both genders as well. There was no relation between altitude and incidence of cancer. Linear regression results showed that with a unit increase in UV, the incidence of gastric and esophagus cancers in males decreases by β = -4.99 and β = - 3.16 significant coefficients, respectively. Cities with higher levels of UV index have a relatively lower incidence of gastrointestinal cancers. Ultraviolet radiation may act as a protective factor against these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmail Najafi
- Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Ghotbi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
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241
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Suryadevara M, Bonville CA, Cibula DA, Domachowske JB. Cancer Prevention Education for Providers, Staff, Parents, and Teens Improves Adolescent Human Papillomavirus Immunization Rates. J Pediatr 2019; 205:145-152.e2. [PMID: 30314663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a program to educate providers, office staff, patients, and parents on life-long cancer prevention strategies, including the use of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to improve adolescent HPV vaccination rates. STUDY DESIGN A 2-phase program was implemented at 6 pediatric practices across upstate New York. Phase 1 included provider and staff education regarding practice-specific vaccination challenges and discussion of the contents of a study-specific cancer-prevention booklet, which included HPV vaccine information. Throughout phase 2, the booklets were distributed to all adolescents and their parents during office visits over a 12-month period. Practice-specific, countywide, and statewide HPV vaccination rates were assessed before phase 1, and 6 and 12 months after the launch of phase 2. RESULTS One year after implementing phase 2 in 6 practices, adolescent HPV vaccine series initiation increased by at least 10% in 3 practices, and at least 5% in 5 practices. Similarly, adolescent vaccine series completion rates increased by more than 10% in 3 practices. The percent change in vaccine series completion rates across all study sites postintervention ranged from 12% to 20% for 11- to 12-year-olds, and from 7% to 23% for 13- to 18-year-olds. CONCLUSIONS Cancer prevention education targeting providers, office staff, patients, and parents was modestly effective for improving adolescent HPV vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manika Suryadevara
- Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY.
| | | | - Donald A Cibula
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
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242
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Jackson SE, Williams K, Beeken RJ, Steptoe A. Changes in Health and Wellbeing in the Years Leading up to a Cancer Diagnosis: A Prospective Cohort Study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2019; 12:79-88. [PMID: 30606717 PMCID: PMC6365212 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests cancer survivors suffer impairments in health and wellbeing that predate their diagnosis. This study prospectively examined changes from 4 to 6 years prediagnosis to 0 to 2 years postdiagnosis. Data were from 477 cancer survivors and 5,451 cancer-free comparisons participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We examined group-by-time interactions for self-rated health, quality of life (QoL), depression, life satisfaction and impairments in mobility, activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental ADLs (IADL). All health and wellbeing markers worsened over time in both groups. A greater decline in cancer survivors' self-rated health was evident as early as 2 to 4 years prediagnosis (P < 0.001). Around diagnosis, there were greater declines in IADL impairment (P < 0.001), QoL (P < 0.001), and depression (P < 0.001) in cancer survivors than in controls. Mobility and ADL impairments were consistently more prevalent among cancer survivors (P < 0.001), and life satisfaction was consistently lower (P = 0.004), but the rate of change over time did not differ significantly between groups. These results suggest there may be early signs of deterioration in perceived health that precede development of symptoms leading to cancer diagnosis by many years. Some of the impaired wellbeing in cancer patients may be long-standing, while other changes are more acute and may require targeted support following diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Jackson
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Kate Williams
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Acaster Lloyd Consulting Ltd, London, UK
| | - Rebecca J Beeken
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Steptoe
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
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243
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Al Qadire M, Aljezawi M, Al-Shdayfat N. Cancer Awareness and Barriers to Seeking Medical Help Among Syrian Refugees in Jordan: a Baseline Study. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2019; 34:19-25. [PMID: 28779440 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-017-1260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Refugees in Jordan have an increased burden of cancer due to hard conditions and low income. An increase in awareness of the early signs of cancer could prompt early diagnosis. The current study aims to explore the level of cancer knowledge and barriers to seeking care among Syrian refugees in Jordan. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used. Two hundred and forty-one Syrian refugees living in the north of Jordan completed the Cancer Awareness Measure. The mean age was 27.9 (SD 9.1) years, ranging from 18 to 47 years. More than half (56%) of the participants were female. Participants were able to recognize a low number of symptoms (mean 4.4, SD 2.3) and risk factors (4.7 (out of 11), SD 1.9). The most commonly reported barrier was having no medical insurance (83.4%). Refugees' knowledge of symptoms and risk factors was generally unsatisfactory. Barriers to seeking medical care were prevalent. Much work is needed to overcome barriers and enhance knowledge that can hinder early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al Qadire
- Faculty of Nursing, Al Al-Bayt University, P.O.Box 130040, Mafraq, 25113, Jordan.
| | - Ma'en Aljezawi
- Faculty of Nursing, Al Al-Bayt University, P.O.Box 130040, Mafraq, 25113, Jordan
| | - Noha Al-Shdayfat
- Faculty of Nursing, Al Al-Bayt University, P.O.Box 130040, Mafraq, 25113, Jordan
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244
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Cunningham SA, Yu R, Shih T, Giordano S, McNeill LH, Rechis R, Peterson SK, Cinciripini P, Foxhall L, Hawk E, Shete S. Cancer-Related Risk Perceptions and Beliefs in Texas: Findings from a 2018 Population-Level Survey. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:486-494. [PMID: 30700446 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer beliefs and perceptions of cancer risk affect the cancer continuum. Identifying underlying factors associated with these beliefs and perceptions in Texas can help inform and target prevention efforts. METHODS We developed a cancer-focused questionnaire and administered it online to a nonprobability sample of the Texas population. Weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis identified key factors associated with perceptions and beliefs about cancer. RESULTS The study population comprised 2,034 respondents (median age, 44.4 years) of diverse ethnicity: 45.5% were non-Hispanic white, 10.6% non-Hispanic black, and 35.7% Hispanic. Self-reported depression was significantly associated with cancer risk perceptions and cancer beliefs. Those indicating frequent and infrequent depression versus no depression were more likely to believe that: (i) compared to other people their age, they were more likely to get cancer in their lifetime [OR, 2.92; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.95-4.39 and OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.17-2.74, respectively]; and (ii) when they think about cancer, they automatically think about death (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.56-2.69 and OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.11-1.92, respectively). Frequent depression versus no depression was also associated with agreement that (i) it seems like everything causes cancer (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.26-2.22) and (ii) there is not much one can do to lower one's chance of getting cancer (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.09-1.89). Other predictors for perceived cancer risk and/or cancer beliefs were sex, age, ethnicity/race, being born in the United States, marital status, income, body mass index, and smoking. CONCLUSIONS Depression and other predictors are associated with cancer risk perceptions and beliefs in Texas. IMPACT Increased attention to reducing depression may improve cancer risk perceptions and beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia A Cunningham
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Tina Shih
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sharon Giordano
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lorna H McNeill
- Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ruth Rechis
- Cancer Prevention and Control Platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan K Peterson
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul Cinciripini
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lewis Foxhall
- Office of Health Policy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ernest Hawk
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. .,Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Andò S, Gelsomino L, Panza S, Giordano C, Bonofiglio D, Barone I, Catalano S. Obesity, Leptin and Breast Cancer: Epidemiological Evidence and Proposed Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010062. [PMID: 30634494 PMCID: PMC6356310 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has been steadily increasing over the past few decades in several developed and developing countries, with resultant hazardous health implications. Substantial epidemiological evidence has shown that excessive adiposity strongly influences risk, prognosis, and progression of various malignancies, including breast cancer. Indeed, it is now well recognized that obesity is a complex physiologic state associated with multiple molecular changes capable of modulating the behavior of breast tumor cells as well of the surrounding microenvironment. Particularly, insulin resistance, hyperactivation of insulin-like growth factor pathways, and increased levels of estrogen due to aromatization by the adipose tissue, inflammatory cytokines, and adipokines contribute to breast cancerogenesis. Among adipokines, leptin, whose circulating levels increase proportionally to total adipose tissue mass, has been identified as a key member of the molecular network in obesity. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiological link existing between obesity and breast cancer and outlines the molecular mechanisms underlying this connection. The multifaceted role of the obesity adipokine leptin in this respect is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via P Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Salvatore Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via P Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
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Raj N, Verma D, Kumar A, Rai P, Rao RN. HER2 Oncogene Amplification and Immunohistochemical Profiling in Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Discoveries (Craiova) 2018; 6:e83. [PMID: 32309603 PMCID: PMC7086066 DOI: 10.15190/d.2018.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Gastric adenocarcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors and a major cause of cancer death worldwide, especially in developing countries. Her2/neu gene amplification and protein overexpression in breast cancer is a golden criterion for the targeted therapy with trastuzumab. However, the role of Her2 as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of Her2 oncogene overexpression and concordance between the results for Her2 protein expression and gene amplification. Materials and Methods: A total of 65 retroprospective cases with gastric adenocarcinoma, including biopsy and resected specimens obtained between July 2015 to December 2017, were analyzed. Her2/neu expression was determined by Immuno-histochemistry (IHC). Equivocal and some selected cases were submitted for FISH to detect Her2/neu gene amplification. Results: In the present study, out of 65 patients of gastric adenocarcinoma, there were 50 males and 15 females, with mean age of 54.52 years. The majority of tumors were located within the antropyloric region. We found 27 (41.4%) positivity, scored as IHC 3+ and IHC 2+, and 38 (58.3%) negativity, scored as IHC 1+ and IHC 0. We also evidentiated a significant difference between Her2/neu expression with age (p=0.010) and depth of invasion (p=0.020).Her2/neu gene was amplified only in 13 cases, 4 cases were of Her2/neu (3+) positive, 11 cases (39.3%) Her2/neu (2+) with IHC staining. The concordance rate between the results of IHC and FISH in all 18 cases was 83.3%. Conclusion: IHC detection can be carried out to guide the treatment when FISH detection cannot be performed. Overexpression of Her 2/neu in gastric adenocarcinoma could potentially be used in selecting the patients who can get benefit from the anti-Her2/neu targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Raj
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Divya Verma
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Praveer Rai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Ram Nawal Rao
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Novel Clofarabine-Based Combinations with Polyphenols Epigenetically Reactivate Retinoic Acid Receptor Beta, Inhibit Cell Growth, and Induce Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123970. [PMID: 30544666 PMCID: PMC6321577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An epigenetic component, especially aberrant DNA methylation pattern, has been shown to be frequently involved in sporadic breast cancer development. A growing body of literature demonstrates that combination of agents, i.e. nucleoside analogues with dietary phytochemicals, may provide enhanced therapeutic effects in epigenetic reprogramming of cancer cells. Clofarabine (2-chloro-2′-fluoro-2′-deoxyarabinosyladenine, ClF), a second-generation 2′-deoxyadenosine analogue, has numerous anti-cancer effects, including potential capacity to regulate epigenetic processes. Our present study is the first to investigate the combinatorial effects of ClF (used at IC50 concentration) with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG, tea catechin) or genistein (soy phytoestrogen), at physiological concentrations, on breast cancer cell growth, apoptosis, and epigenetic regulation of retinoic acid receptor beta (RARB) transcriptional activity. In MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, RARB promoter methylation and expression of RARB, modifiers of DNA methylation reaction (DNMT1, CDKN1A, TP53), and potential regulator of RARB transcription, PTEN, were estimated using methylation-sensitive restriction analysis (MSRA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), respectively. The combinatorial exposures synergistically or additively inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells, followed by RARB hypomethylation with concomitant multiple increase in RARB, PTEN, and CDKN1A transcript levels. Taken together, our results demonstrate the ability of ClF-based combinations with polyphenols to promote cancer cell death and reactivate DNA methylation-silenced tumor suppressor genes in breast cancer cells with different invasive potential.
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Al Qadire M. Awareness of Cancer Signs and Barriers to Help Seeking: a National Survey. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2018; 33:1206-1212. [PMID: 28526939 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-017-1232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
About 27% of cancer patients in Jordan are discovered in advanced stages; this resulted in poor prognosis and survival rates. One possible cause of late presentation is lack of awareness of warning signs and risk factors of cancer. The purpose of this study is to identify the level of awareness of cancer warning signs, risk factors, and barriers to seeking medical advice among the Jordanian public. A cross-sectional survey design was used. A convenience sample of 2292 participants from the Jordanian public was included in the study. The Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM) was used. Of the 2292 participants, 1206 were females with a mean age of 30.5 SD 11.3 years, ranging from 18 to 81 years. Recall (open question) was not good for all warning symptoms; the percentage of the participants who correctly recalled one of the nine symptoms ranged from 1.7 to 22.9%. However, the mean of the total number of recognized symptoms was also low 4.7 SD 2.4. The highest recognition percentages were as follows: lump/swelling (77.6%), weight loss (63%), and change in appearance of a mole (61.1%). In regard to recognizing risk factors, the most commonly known risk factor was being a smoker (81.4%), followed by drinking more than one unit of alcohol (74.8%). Overall, this study demonstrated that there is a low level of awareness on cancer symptoms and risk factors. This provided a room for improvement through public education which remains the mainstay for such improvement. Emotional barriers to seeking medical care should be addressed using behaviour-changing models.
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Song M, Vogelstein B, Giovannucci EL, Willett WC, Tomasetti C. Cancer prevention: Molecular and epidemiologic consensus. Science 2018; 361:1317-1318. [PMID: 30262488 DOI: 10.1126/science.aau3830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Song
- Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit and Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bert Vogelstein
- Ludwig Center and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cristian Tomasetti
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Wang L, Shen J, Jiang Y. Circ_0027599/PHDLA1 suppresses gastric cancer progression by sponging miR-101-3p.1. Cell Biosci 2018; 8:58. [PMID: 30410722 PMCID: PMC6219040 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-018-0252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1 (PHLDA1) is a tumor suppressor gene in gastric cancer, but its role regulated by circular RNAs (circRNAs) is not known. CircRNAs are important regulators in cancer growth and progression, however, the molecular roles of circRNAs in gastric cancer are rarely known. The study was aimed to investigate the role of circRNAs in regulating PHLDA1 expression in gastric cancer. Results The circRNA expression profile in the gastric cancer tissues by circRNA microarray showed that hsa_circ_0027599 (circ_0027599) was significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer patients and cells when comparing with the controls. Circ_0027599 overexpression suppressed gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. By using bioinformatics tools and luciferase reporter assays, circ_0027599 was verified as a sponge of miR-101-3p.1 (miR-101) and suppressed cancer cell survival and metastasis. It was also verified that PHLDA1 was regulated by circ_0027599 in gastric cancer cells. Conclusions The study uncovered that PHLDA1 was regulated by circ_0027599/miR-101, which suppressed gastric cancer survival and metastasis in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jinshan Branch of the Sixth People's Hospital, 147 Health Road, Zhujing Town, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201500 China
| | - Jingyan Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jinshan Branch of the Sixth People's Hospital, 147 Health Road, Zhujing Town, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201500 China
| | - Yushan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jinshan Branch of the Sixth People's Hospital, 147 Health Road, Zhujing Town, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201500 China
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