201
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Yin S, Cui H, Qin S, Yu S. Manipulating TGF-β signaling to optimize immunotherapy for cervical cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115355. [PMID: 37647692 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a serious threat to women's health globally. Therefore, identifying key molecules associated with cervical cancer progression is essential for drug development, disease monitoring, and precision therapy. Recently, TGF-β (transforming growth factor-beta) has been identified as a promising target for cervical cancer treatment. For advanced cervical cancer, TGF-β participates in tumor development by improving metastasis, stemness, drug resistance, and immune evasion. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that TGF-β blockade effectively improves the therapeutic effects, especially immunotherapy. Currently, agents targeting TGF-β and immune checkpoints such as PD-L1 have been developed and tested in clinical studies. These bispecific antibodies might have the potential as therapeutic agents for cervical cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changxing People's Hospital of Zhejiang Huzhou, Changxing 313100, China
| | - Han Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changxing People's Hospital of Zhejiang Huzhou, Changxing 313100, China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Shengnan Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China.
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202
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Khan SU, Fatima K, Malik F, Kalkavan H, Wani A. Cancer metastasis: Molecular mechanisms and clinical perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 250:108522. [PMID: 37661054 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic progression combined with non-responsiveness towards systemic therapy often shapes the course of disease for cancer patients and commonly determines its lethal outcome. The complex molecular events that promote metastasis are a combination of both, the acquired pro-metastatic properties of cancer cells and a metastasis-permissive or -supportive tumor micro-environment (TME). Yet, dissemination is a challenging process for cancer cells that requires a series of events to enable cancer cell survival and growth. Metastatic cancer cells have to initially detach themselves from primary tumors, overcome the challenges of their intravasal journey and colonize distant sites that are suited for their metastases. The implicated obstacles including anoikis and immune surveillance, can be overcome by intricate intra- and extracellular signaling pathways, which we will summarize and discuss in this review. Further, emerging modulators of metastasis, like the immune-microenvironment, microbiome, sublethal cell death engagement, or the nervous system will be integrated into the existing working model of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ullah Khan
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Division of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ASIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ASIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Halime Kalkavan
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Abubakar Wani
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105, United States.
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203
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Shiju TM, Sampaio LP, Martinez VV, Hilgert GSL, Wilson SE. Transforming growth factor beta-3 localization in the corneal response to epithelial-stromal injury and effects on corneal fibroblast transition to myofibroblasts. Exp Eye Res 2023; 235:109631. [PMID: 37633325 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the localization of TGF beta-3 in situ in unwounded rabbit corneas and corneas that had epithelial-stromal injuries produced by photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in rabbits and to evaluate the in vitro effects of TGF beta-3 compared to TGF beta-1 on alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression and myofibroblast development in corneal fibroblasts. Forty-eight New Zealand white rabbits underwent either -3 diopter (D) or -9D PRK and were studied from one to eight weeks (four corneas in each group at each time point) after surgery with immunohistochemistry for TGF beta-3, laminin alpha-5, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Rabbit corneal fibroblasts were treated with activated TGF beta-1 and/or TGF beta-3 at different concentrations and duration of exposure and studied with immunocytochemistry for myofibroblast development and the expression of α-SMA using Jess automated Western blotting. TGF beta-3 was detected at high levels in the stroma of unwounded corneas and corneas at one to eight weeks after -3D or -9D PRK, as well as in the epithelium and epithelial basement membrane (EBM). No difference was noted between corneas that healed with and without myofibroblast-mediated fibrosis, although TGF beta-3 was commonly associated with myofibroblasts. TGF beta-3 effects on corneal fibroblasts in vitro were similar to TGF beta-1 in stimulating transition to α-SMA-positive myofibroblasts and promoting α-SMA protein expression. The corneal stromal localization pattern of TGF beta-3 protein in unwounded corneas and corneas after epithelial-stromal injury was found to be higher and different from TGF beta-1 and TGF beta-2 reported in previous studies. TGF beta-3 had similar effects to TGF beta-1 in driving myofibroblast development and α-SMA expression in corneal fibroblasts cultured in medium with 1% fetal bovine serum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lycia Pedral Sampaio
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States; Department of Ophthalmology at University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Steven E Wilson
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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204
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Chen C, Wang J, Liu C, Hu J, Liu L. Pioneering therapies for post-infarction angiogenesis: Insight into molecular mechanisms and preclinical studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115306. [PMID: 37572633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI), despite significant progress in its treatment, remains a leading cause of chronic heart failure and cardiovascular events such as cardiac arrest. Promoting angiogenesis in the myocardial tissue after MI to restore blood flow in the ischemic and hypoxic tissue is considered an effective treatment strategy. The repair of the myocardial tissue post-MI involves a robust angiogenic response, with mechanisms involved including endothelial cell proliferation and migration, capillary growth, changes in the extracellular matrix, and stabilization of pericytes for neovascularization. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of six key pathways in angiogenesis post-MI: the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, the Notch signaling pathway, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway, the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway, and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. We also discuss novel therapeutic approaches targeting these pathways, including drug therapy, gene therapy, protein therapy, cell therapy, and extracellular vesicle therapy. A comprehensive understanding of these key pathways and their targeted therapies will aid in our understanding of the pathological and physiological mechanisms of angiogenesis after MI and the development and application of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lanchun Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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205
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Yan X, Hou L, Zhang C. FOXG1 is involved in mouse ovarian functions and embryogenesis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 233:106372. [PMID: 37536505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
TGF-β superfamily has long been demonstrated to be essential for folliculogenesis and luteinization. Forkhead box G1 (FOXG1, also known as BF1), a member of the FOX family and an inhibitor of TGF-β signaling pathway, is a nucleocytoplasmic transcription factor that is essential for forebrain development. FOXG1 is involved in neurodevelopment and cancer pathology, however, little is known about the role of FOXG1 in reproduction. In this study, the spatiotemporal expression pattern of FOXG1 was examined during early mouse oocyte and embryonic development and its role during corpora luteum (CL) formation was further elucidated. The results showed that FOXG1 is localized in oocytes, theca cells (TCs) and CLs. After fertilization, FOXG1 is expressed at all stages during early embryogenesis, from zygotes to blastocysts. Following gonadotropin administration in immature mice, the expression of Foxg1 significantly increased along with steroidogenic genes, including Star, Hsd3β, Cyp11a1, as well as Cyp17a1 and Cyp19a1. The latter two first increased after pregnant mare serum gonadotropin stimulation, then decreased in response to hCG treatment. In addition, silencing of Foxg1 significantly reduced the concentration of testosterone and estrogen in cultured primary granulosa cells (GCs) and TCs (P < 0.05). Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the expression level of genes that are critical in estrogen synthesis were significantly reduced after Foxg1 silencing, including Cyp17a1 and Cyp19a1. In conclusion, FOXG1 is expressed in a stage-specific manner during folliculogenesis and embryogenesis and exerts a regulatory influence on testosterone and estrogen synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Linlin Hou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
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206
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Mishra S, Gandhi D, Tiwari RR, Rajasekaran S. Beneficial role of kaempferol and its derivatives from different plant sources on respiratory diseases in experimental models. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2311-2336. [PMID: 37410224 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory illnesses impose a significant health burden and cause deaths worldwide. Despite many advanced strategies to improve patient outcomes, they are often less effective. There is still considerable room for improvement in the treatment of various respiratory diseases. In recent years, alternative medicinal agents derived from food plants have shown better beneficial effects against a wide variety of disease models, including cancer. In this regard, kaempferol (KMF) and its derivatives are the most commonly found dietary flavonols. They have been found to exhibit protective effects on multiple chronic diseases like diabetes, fibrosis, and so on. A few recent articles have reviewed the pharmacological actions of KMF in cancer, central nervous system diseases, and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, there is no comprehensive review that exists regarding the beneficial effects of KMF and its derivatives on both malignant- and non-malignant respiratory diseases. Many experimental studies reveal that KMF and its derivatives are helpful in managing a wide range of respiratory diseases, including acute lung injury, fibrosis, asthma, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and their underlying molecular mechanisms. In addition, we also discussed the chemistry and sources, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties, methods to enhance bioavailability, as well as our perspective on future research with KMF and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehal Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India
| | - Deepa Gandhi
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India
| | - Rajnarayan R Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India
| | - Subbiah Rajasekaran
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India.
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207
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Li J, Liu Y, Liu J. A review of research progress on mechanisms of peritoneal fibrosis related to peritoneal dialysis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1220450. [PMID: 37817984 PMCID: PMC10560738 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1220450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an effective alternative treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and is increasingly being adopted and promoted worldwide. However, as the duration of peritoneal dialysis extends, it can expose problems with dialysis inadequacy and ultrafiltration failure. The exact mechanism and aetiology of ultrafiltration failure have been of great concern, with triggers such as biological incompatibility of peritoneal dialysis solutions, uraemia toxins, and recurrent intraperitoneal inflammation initiating multiple pathways that regulate the release of various cytokines, promote the transcription of fibrosis-related genes, and deposit extracellular matrix. As a result, peritoneal fibrosis occurs. Exploring the pathogenic factors and molecular mechanisms can help us prevent peritoneal fibrosis and prolong the duration of Peritoneal dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin’e Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yinghong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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208
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Wójtowicz A, Molcan T, Lukasik K, Żebrowska E, Pawlina-Tyszko K, Gurgul A, Szmatoła T, Bugno-Poniewierska M, Ferreira-Dias G, Skarzynski DJ, Szóstek-Mioduchowska A. The potential role of miRNAs and regulation of their expression in the development of mare endometrial fibrosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15938. [PMID: 37743390 PMCID: PMC10518347 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mare endometrial fibrosis (endometrosis), is one of the main causes of equine infertility. Despite the high prevalence, both ethology, pathogenesis and the nature of its progression remain poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators in multiple cellular processes and functions under physiological and pathological circumstances. In this article, we reported changes in miRNA expression at different stages of endometrosis and the effect of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 on the expression of the most dysregulated miRNAs. We identified 1, 26, and 5 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs), in categories IIA (mild fibrosis), IIB (moderate fibrosis), and III (severe fibrosis) groups compared to category I (no fibrosis) endometria group, respectively (Padjusted < 0.05, log2FC ≥ 1.0/log2FC ≤ - 1.0). This study indicated the potential involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of the process associated to the development and progression of endometrosis. The functional enrichment analysis revealed, that DEmiRs target genes involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinases, Hippo, and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signalling pathways, focal adhesion, and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction. Moreover, we demonstrated that the most potent profibrotic cytokine-TGF-β1-downregulated novel-eca-miR-42 (P < 0.05) expression in fibroblasts derived from endometria at early-stage endometrosis (category IIA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wójtowicz
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Molcan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karolina Lukasik
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewelina Żebrowska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Klaudia Pawlina-Tyszko
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Cracow, Poland
| | - Artur Gurgul
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, The University of Agriculture in Krakow, Cracow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szmatoła
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Cracow, Poland
- Center for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Cracow, Poland
| | - Monika Bugno-Poniewierska
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, The University of Agriculture in Krakow, Cracow, Poland
| | - Graca Ferreira-Dias
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CIISA - Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dariusz J Skarzynski
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Szóstek-Mioduchowska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
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209
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Choi SI, Shin YC, Lee JS, Yoon YC, Kim JM, Sung MK. N-Acetylglucosamine and its dimer ameliorate inflammation in murine colitis by strengthening the gut barrier function. Food Funct 2023; 14:8533-8544. [PMID: 37655824 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00282a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic gastrointestinal disease whose incidence is increasing rapidly worldwide. Anti-inflammatory medications, including 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants, are used for its treatment; however, new alternatives would be required due to the serious side effects of some of these medications. N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG) is an amino sugar composed of mucin that is secreted by intestinal epithelial cells. It is also used to promote the growth of intestinal bacteria. The current study aimed to determine the efficacy of NAG against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis and elucidate its mechanism of action. Mice were randomly divided into control, DSS, 0.1% sulfasalazine, 0.1% NAG, 0.3% NAG, and 0.3% NAG-dimer (NAG-D) groups, and results showed that colitis-induced body weight loss, disease activity, colonic tissue damage, colon length shortening, and the loss of mucin-secreting area were significantly improved in the NAG-D group. The intestinal permeability indicator, serum CD 14 level, and expression of the tight junction protein, occludin, were both improved in the 0.3% NAG group. Inflammatory biomarkers, including GATA3, IFN-γ, p-IκBα, COX2, TGF-β1, and Smad7, were significantly lower in the 0.3% NAG and NAG-D groups than in the DSS group. The intestinal microbial composition was most significantly altered in the 0.3% NAG group, showing decreased ratios of pathogenic bacteria, such as Betaproteobacteria, especially Burkholderiales. The results overall suggested that NAG or NAG-D supplementation can alleviate inflammation by strengthening the intestinal barrier function and maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-In Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, Chungpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Joong Su Lee
- Amicogen Inc., Jinju-si 52621, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Cho Yoon
- Amicogen Inc., Jinju-si 52621, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Myung Kim
- Amicogen Inc., Jinju-si 52621, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Sung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, Chungpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.
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210
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Arthur TD, Nguyen JP, D'Antonio-Chronowska A, Matsui H, Silva NS, Joshua IN, Luchessi AD, Young Greenwald WW, D'Antonio M, Pera MF, Frazer KA. Analysis of regulatory network modules in hundreds of human stem cell lines reveals complex epigenetic and genetic factors contribute to pluripotency state differences between subpopulations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.20.541447. [PMID: 37292794 PMCID: PMC10245835 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.20.541447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells exist in vitro in a spectrum of interconvertible pluripotent states. Analyzing hundreds of hiPSCs derived from different individuals, we show the proportions of these pluripotent states vary considerably across lines. We discovered 13 gene network modules (GNMs) and 13 regulatory network modules (RNMs), which were highly correlated with each other suggesting that the coordinated co-accessibility of regulatory elements in the RNMs likely underlied the coordinated expression of genes in the GNMs. Epigenetic analyses revealed that regulatory networks underlying self-renewal and pluripotency have a surprising level of complexity. Genetic analyses identified thousands of regulatory variants that overlapped predicted transcription factor binding sites and were associated with chromatin accessibility in the hiPSCs. We show that the master regulator of pluripotency, the NANOG-OCT4 Complex, and its associated network were significantly enriched for regulatory variants with large effects, suggesting that they may play a role in the varying cellular proportions of pluripotency states between hiPSCs. Our work captures the coordinated activity of tens of thousands of regulatory elements in hiPSCs and bins these elements into discrete functionally characterized regulatory networks, shows that regulatory elements in pluripotency networks harbor variants with large effects, and provides a rich resource for future pluripotent stem cell research.
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211
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Pybus HJ, O'Dea RD, Brook BS. A dynamical model of TGF-β activation in asthmatic airways. MATHEMATICAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE IMA 2023; 40:238-265. [PMID: 37285178 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqad004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Excessive activation of the regulatory cytokine transforming growth factor $\beta $ (TGF-$\beta $) via contraction of airway smooth muscle (ASM) is associated with the development of asthma. In this study, we develop an ordinary differential equation model that describes the change in density of the key airway wall constituents, ASM and extracellular matrix (ECM), and their interplay with subcellular signalling pathways leading to the activation of TGF-$\beta $. We identify bistable parameter regimes where there are two positive steady states, corresponding to either reduced or elevated TGF-$\beta $ concentration, with the latter leading additionally to increased ASM and ECM density. We associate the former with a healthy homeostatic state and the latter with a diseased (asthmatic) state. We demonstrate that external stimuli, inducing TGF-$\beta $ activation via ASM contraction (mimicking an asthmatic exacerbation), can perturb the system irreversibly from the healthy state to the diseased one. We show that the properties of the stimuli, such as their frequency or strength, and the clearance of surplus active TGF-$\beta $, are important in determining the long-term dynamics and the development of disease. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of this model in investigating temporal responses to bronchial thermoplasty, a therapeutic intervention in which ASM is ablated by applying thermal energy to the airway wall. The model predicts the parameter-dependent threshold damage required to obtain irreversible reduction in ASM content, suggesting that certain asthma phenotypes are more likely to benefit from this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J Pybus
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Reuben D O'Dea
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Bindi S Brook
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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212
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Trumpp M, Tan WH, Burdzinski W, Basler Y, Jatzlau J, Knaus P, Winkler C. Characterization of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progessiva relevant Acvr1/Acvr2 Activin receptors in medaka (Oryzias latipes). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291379. [PMID: 37708126 PMCID: PMC10501582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Activin and Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling plays crucial roles in vertebrate organ formation, including osteo- and angiogenesis, and tissue homeostasis, such as neuronal maintenance. Activin and BMP signaling needs to be precisely controlled by restricted expression of shared receptors, stoichiometric composition of receptor-complexes and presence of regulatory proteins. A R206H mutation in the human (hs) BMP type I receptor hsACVR1, on the other hand, leads to excessive phosphorylation of Sons of mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) 1/5/8. This in turn causes increased inflammation and heterotopic ossification in soft tissues of patients suffering from Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP). Several animal models have been established to understand the spontaneous and progressive nature of FOP, but often have inherent limitations. The Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes, ola) has recently emerged as popular model for bone research. To assess whether medaka is suitable as a potential FOP animal model, we determined the expression of Activin receptor type I (ACVR1) orthologs olaAcvr1 and olaAcvr1l with that of Activin type II receptors olaAcvr2ab, olaAcvr2ba and olaAcvr2bb in embryonic and adult medaka tissues by in situ hybridization. Further, we showed that Activin A binding properties are conserved in olaAcvr2, as are the mechanistic features in the GS-Box of both olaAcvr1 and olaAcvr1l. This consequently leads to FOP-typical elevated SMAD signaling when the medaka type I receptors carry the R206H equivalent FOP mutation. Together, this study therefore provides experimental groundwork needed to establish a unique medaka model to investigate mechanisms underlying FOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Trumpp
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wen Hui Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wiktor Burdzinski
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yara Basler
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jerome Jatzlau
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Knaus
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Winkler
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Yao M, Lian D, Wu M, Zhou Y, Fang Y, Zhang S, Zhang W, Yang Y, Li R, Chen H, Chen Y, Shen A, Peng J. Isoliensinine Attenuates Renal Fibrosis and Inhibits TGF-β1/Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2749-2762. [PMID: 37701045 PMCID: PMC10494865 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s414179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of isoliensinine, a kind of bibenzyl isoquinoline alkaloid which isolated from a TCM named Lotus Plumule (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn), in treating renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) by using RNA sequencing, KEGG analysis and in vivo experimental approaches. Methods Spontaneous hypertension rats (SHRs) were randomly assigned into five groups, consisting of SHR, SHR+Isoliensinine-L (2.5 mg/kg/day), SHR+Isoliensinine-M (5 mg/kg/day), SHR+Isoliensinine-H (10 mg/kg/day), and SHR+Valsartan (10 mg/kg/day) groups (n = 6 for each group). A control group of Wistar Kyoto rats (n = 6) was also included. Rats were treated intragastrically with isoliensinine, valsartan, or double-distilled water of equal volume for 10 weeks. To examine the therapeutic impact on hypertensive renal injury, fibrosis, and its underlying mechanisms, multiple techniques were employed, including hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson trichrome staining, RNA sequencing, gene ontology (GO) function and pathway enrichment analysis and immunohistochemistry. Results Resultantly, the use of isoliensinine at different concentrations or valsartan showed significant improvement in renal pathological injury in SHRs. RNA sequencing and KEGG analysis uncovered 583 differentially expressed transcripts and pathways enriched in collagen formation and ECM-receptor interaction after treatment with isoliensinine. There was also a reduction in the increase of collagen and upregulation of collagen I & III, TGF-β1, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 in the renal tissue of SHRs. Thus, isoliensinine ameliorated renal injury and collagen deposition in hypertensive rats, and inhibiting the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway might be one of the underlying mechanisms. Conclusion This study showed that treatment with isoliensinine effectively reduced the renal injury and fibrosis in SHRs. In addition, isoliensinine inhibited the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling in-vivo. These findings provided strong evidence for the therapeutic benefits of isoliensinine in combating renal injury and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Yao
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dawei Lian
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meizhu Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Fang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renfeng Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youqin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
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Sánchez-Duffhues G, Hiepen C. Human iPSCs as Model Systems for BMP-Related Rare Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:2200. [PMID: 37681932 PMCID: PMC10487005 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling contribute to onset and development of a number of rare genetic diseases, including Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). After decades of animal research to build a solid foundation in understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms, the progressive implementation of iPSC-based patient-derived models will improve drug development by addressing drug efficacy, specificity, and toxicity in a complex humanized environment. We will review the current state of literature on iPSC-derived model systems in this field, with special emphasis on the access to patient source material and the complications that may come with it. Given the essential role of BMPs during embryonic development and stem cell differentiation, gain- or loss-of-function mutations in the BMP signalling pathway may compromise iPSC generation, maintenance, and differentiation procedures. This review highlights the need for careful optimization of the protocols used. Finally, we will discuss recent developments towards complex in vitro culture models aiming to resemble specific tissue microenvironments with multi-faceted cellular inputs, such as cell mechanics and ECM together with organoids, organ-on-chip, and microfluidic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Sánchez-Duffhues
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), ISPA-HUCA, Avda. de Roma, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Hiepen
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, August-Schmidt-Ring 10, 45665 Recklinghausen, Germany
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215
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Yu X. Promising Therapeutic Treatments for Cardiac Fibrosis: Herbal Plants and Their Extracts. Cardiol Ther 2023; 12:415-443. [PMID: 37247171 PMCID: PMC10423196 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-023-00319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is closely associated with multiple heart diseases, which are a prominent health issue in the global world. Neurohormones and cytokines play indispensable roles in cardiac fibrosis. Many signaling pathways participate in cardiac fibrosis as well. Cardiac fibrosis is due to impaired degradation of collagen and impaired fibroblast activation, and collagen accumulation results in increasing heart stiffness and inharmonious activity, leading to structure alterations and finally cardiac function decline. Herbal plants have been applied in traditional medicines for thousands of years. Because of their naturality, they have attracted much attention for use in resisting cardiac fibrosis in recent years. This review sheds light on several extracts from herbal plants, which are promising therapeutics for reversing cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
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216
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Yi M, Wang S, Zhang X, Jiang L, Xia X, Zhang T, Fang X. Linc-ROR Promotes EMT by Targeting miR-204-5p/SMAD4 in Endometriosis. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:2665-2679. [PMID: 36917423 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis (EMs) is a systemic and chronic disease with cancer-like feature, namely, distant implantation, which caused heavy healthy burden of nearly 200 million females. LncRNAs have been proved as new modulators in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and EMs. Quantitative real-time PCR was conducted to measure the expression level of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, regulator of reprogramming (Linc-ROR), and miR-204-5p in ectopic endometrium (n = 25), eutopic endometrium (n = 20), and natural control endometrium (n = 22). Overexpression of Linc-ROR, knockdown or overexpression of miR-204-5p in End1/E6E7 and Ishikawa cells, was conducted to detect the function of Linc-ROR and miR-204-5p in EMs. Furthermore, luciferase reports were used to confirm the combination of Linc-ROR and miR-204-5p and the combination between miR-204-5p and SMAD4. Cell-Counting Kit-8, EdU assay, transwell assays, and Western blotting were used to detect the function of Linc-ROR and miR-204-5p in EMs cancer-like behaviors and EMT process. Linc-ROR was up-regulated in ectopic endometrium. Overexpressed Linc-ROR promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and EMT process. Linc-ROR regulated the EMT process, cellular proliferation, and invasion of EMs via binding to miR-204-5p. In addition, overexpression of Linc-ROR up-regulated SMAD4, a target protein of miR-204-5p, with which regulated EMT process and cancer-like behaviors in EMs together. Linc-ROR/miR-204-5p/SMAD4 axis plays a vital role in regulation EMT process in EMs, which might become a novel therapeutic targets and powerful biomarkers in EMs therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, NO.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Sixue Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, NO.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, NO.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, NO.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, NO.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, NO.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, NO.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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217
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Liu D, Zhang C, Zhang J, Xu GT, Zhang J. Molecular pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in neovascular AMD focusing on epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of retinal pigment epithelium. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 185:106250. [PMID: 37536385 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss among elderly people in developed countries. Neovascular AMD (nAMD) accounts for more than 90% of AMD-related vision loss. At present, intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) is widely used as the first-line therapy to decrease the choroidal and retinal neovascularizations, and thus to improve or maintain the visual acuity of the patients with nAMD. However, about 1/3 patients still progress to irreversible visual impairment due to subretinal fibrosis even with adequate anti-VEGF treatment. Extensive literatures support the critical role of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD, but the underlying mechanisms still remain largely unknown. This review summarized the molecular pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD, especially focusing on the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced EMT pathways. It was also discussed how these pathways crosstalk and respond to signals from the microenvironment to mediate EMT and contribute to the progression of nAMD-related subretinal fibrosis. Targeting EMT signaling pathways might provide a promising and effective therapeutic strategy to treat subretinal fibrosis secondary to nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital and Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital and Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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218
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Zhang W, Tao N, Bai L. Polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes prevent acquired drug resistance to docetaxel in prostate cancer cells by decreasing the TGF-β1 secretion of cancer-associated fibroblasts. J Nat Med 2023; 77:817-828. [PMID: 37354258 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01722-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent lethal diseases among men globally. In the treatment of prostate cancer, the limited therapeutic efficacy of the standard non-hormonal systemic therapy docetaxel (DTX) represents an important challenge. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in resistance to therapy because of their prevalence and functional pleiotropy in tumor environments. Our previous research revealed that MPSSS, a novel polysaccharide extracted from Lentinus edodes, could significantly attenuate the immunosuppressive function of myeloid suppressor cells and CAFs. In this study, we investigated whether MPSSS could potentiate the efficacy of DTX against prostate cancer by inhibiting CAF-induced chemoresistance and elucidated its underlying mechanisms. The sensitivity of PC-3 prostate cancer cells cultured with conditioned medium derived from CAFs (CAF-CM) to DTX was assessed. The resistance effect induced by CAF-CM was abolished when CAFs were pretreated with MPSSS. Bioinformatic analysis of datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database revealed the activation of the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) signaling pathway in DTX-resistant cells. Based on this finding, we demonstrated that treatment with the TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor SB525334 reversed DTX resistance in CAFs, suggesting that TGF-β1 secreted by CAFs was a crucial intermediary in the development of DTX resistance in PC3 cells. Further research revealed that MPSSS decreases the secretion of TGF-β1 by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway via Toll-like receptor 4 in CAFs. Overall, MPSSS might be a potential adjuvant treatment for DTX resistance in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Zhang
- Chinese PLA medical school, Beijing, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Tao
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Bai
- Chinese PLA medical school, Beijing, China.
- Department of Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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219
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Wang J, Zhao X, Wan YY. Intricacies of TGF-β signaling in Treg and Th17 cell biology. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1002-1022. [PMID: 37217798 PMCID: PMC10468540 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01036-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced immunity is pivotal for health and homeostasis. CD4+ helper T (Th) cells are central to the balance between immune tolerance and immune rejection. Th cells adopt distinct functions to maintain tolerance and clear pathogens. Dysregulation of Th cell function often leads to maladies, including autoimmunity, inflammatory disease, cancer, and infection. Regulatory T (Treg) and Th17 cells are critical Th cell types involved in immune tolerance, homeostasis, pathogenicity, and pathogen clearance. It is therefore critical to understand how Treg and Th17 cells are regulated in health and disease. Cytokines are instrumental in directing Treg and Th17 cell function. The evolutionarily conserved TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) cytokine superfamily is of particular interest because it is central to the biology of both Treg cells that are predominantly immunosuppressive and Th17 cells that can be proinflammatory, pathogenic, and immune regulatory. How TGF-β superfamily members and their intricate signaling pathways regulate Treg and Th17 cell function is a question that has been intensely investigated for two decades. Here, we introduce the fundamental biology of TGF-β superfamily signaling, Treg cells, and Th17 cells and discuss in detail how the TGF-β superfamily contributes to Treg and Th17 cell biology through complex yet ordered and cooperative signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Xingqi Zhao
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yisong Y Wan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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220
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Ha HC, Zhou D, Fu Z, Back MJ, Jang JM, Shin IC, Kim DK. Novel Effect of Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein 1 (HAPLN1) on Hair Follicle Cells Proliferation and Hair Growth. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:550-558. [PMID: 37551604 PMCID: PMC10468424 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair loss is a common condition that can have a negative impact on an individual's quality of life. The severe side effects and the low efficacy of current hair loss medications create unmet needs in the field of hair loss treatment. Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein 1 (HAPLN1), one of the components of the extracellular matrix, has been shown to play a role in maintaining its integrity. HAPLN1 was examined for its ability to impact hair growth with less side effects than existing hair loss treatments. HAPLN1 was predominantly expressed in the anagen phase in three stages of the hair growth cycle in mice and promotes the proliferation of human hair matrix cells. Also, recombinant human HAPLN1 (rhHAPLN1) was shown to selectively increase the levels of transforming growth factor-β receptor II in human hair matrix cells. Furthermore, we observed concomitant activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway following treatment with rhHAPLN1. Our results indicate that rhHAPLN1 elicits its cell proliferation effect via the TGF-β2-induced ERK1/2 pathway. The prompt entering of the hair follicles into the anagen phase was observed in the rhHAPLN1-treated group, compared to the vehicle-treated group. Insights into the mechanism underlying such hair growth effects of HAPLN1 will provide a novel potential strategy for treating hair loss with much lower side effects than the current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Chan Ha
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- HaplnScience Research Institute, HaplnScience Inc., Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhicheng Fu
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- HaplnScience Research Institute, HaplnScience Inc., Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Jung Back
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Jang
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- HaplnScience Research Institute, HaplnScience Inc., Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Shin
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- HaplnScience Research Institute, HaplnScience Inc., Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Kyong Kim
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- HaplnScience Research Institute, HaplnScience Inc., Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea
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221
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Zhang Y, Zhong J, Lin S, Hu M, Liu J, Kang J, Qi Y, Basabrain MS, Zou T, Zhang C. Direct contact with endothelial cells drives dental pulp stem cells toward smooth muscle cells differentiation via TGF-β1 secretion. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1092-1107. [PMID: 37294792 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM Prevascularization is vital to accelerate functional blood circulation establishment in transplanted engineered tissue constructs. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or mural cells could promote the survival of implanted endothelial cells (ECs) and enhance the stabilization of newly formed blood vessels. However, the dynamic cell-cell interactions between MSCs, mural cells and ECs in the angiogenic processes remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the interactions of human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in an in vitro cell coculture model. METHODOLOGY Human umbilical vascular ECs and DPSCs were directly cocultured or indirectly cocultured with transwell inserts in endothelial basal media-2 (EBM-2) supplemented with 5% FBS for 6 days. Expression of SMC-specific markers in DPSCs monoculture and HUVEC+DPSC cocultures was assessed by western blot and immunofluorescence. Activin A and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in conditioned media (CM) of HUVECs monoculture (E-CM), DPSCs monoculture (D-CM) and HUVEC+DPSC cocultures (E+D-CM) were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. TGF-β RI kinase inhibitor VI, SB431542, was used to block TGF-β1/ALK5 signalling in DPSCs. RESULTS The expression of SMC-specific markers, α-SMA, SM22α and Calponin, were markedly increased in HUVEC+DPSC direct cocultures compared to that in DPSCs monoculture, while no differences were demonstrated between HUVEC+DPSC indirect cocultures and DPSCs monoculture. E+D-CM significantly upregulated the expression of SMC-specific markers in DPSCs compared to E-CM and D-CM. Activin A and TGF-β1 were considerably higher in E+D-CM than that in D-CM, with upregulated Smad2 phosphorylation in HUVEC+DPSC cocultures. Treatment with activin A did not change the expression of SMC-specific markers in DPSCs, while treatment with TGF-β1 significantly enhanced these markers' expression in DPSCs. In addition, blocking TGF-β1/ALK5 signalling inhibited the expression of α-SMA, SM22α and Calponin in DPSCs. CONCLUSIONS TGF-β1 was responsible for DPSC differentiation into SMCs in HUVEC+DPSC cocultures, and TGF-β1/ALK5 signalling pathway played a vital role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jialin Zhong
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shulan Lin
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mingxin Hu
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junqing Liu
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Kang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yubingqing Qi
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mohammed S Basabrain
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Mo M, Zeng Y, Zeng Y, Li S, He X, Chen X, Luo Q, Liu M, Luo C, Dou X, Peng F, Long H. N-methylpiperazine-diepoxyovatodiolide ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis via suppressing TGF-β/Smad and JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110589. [PMID: 37268199 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is the main cause of peritoneal ultrafiltration failure in patients undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the key pathogenesis of PF. However, currently, no specific treatments are available to suppress PF. N-methylpiperazine-diepoxyovatodiolide (NMPDOva) is a newly synthesized compound that involves a chemical modification of ovatodiolide. In this study, we aimed to explore the antifibrotic effects of NMPDOva in PD-related PF and underlying mechanisms. A mouse model of PD-related PF was established via daily intraperitoneal injection of 4.25% glucose PD fluid. In vitro studies were performed using the transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated HMrSV5 cell line. Pathological changes were observed, and fibrotic markers were significantly elevated in the peritoneal membrane in mice model of PD-related PF. However, NMPDOva treatment significantly alleviated PD-related PF by decreasing the extracellular matrix accumulation. NMPDOva treatment decreased the expression of fibronectin, collagen Ⅰ, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in mice with PD-related PF. Moreover, NMPDOva could alleviate TGF-β1-induced EMT in HMrSV5 cells, inhibited phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3, and increased the expression of Smad7. Meanwhile, NMPDOva inhibited phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. Collectively, these results indicated that NMPDOva prevents PD-related PF by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad and JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Therefore, because of these antifibrotic effects, NMPDOva may be a promising therapeutic agent for PD-related PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Mo
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; Department of Nephrology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, 528308, China
| | - Yao Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yiqun Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Shuting Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xiaoyang He
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Qimei Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, 528308, China
| | - Mi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, 528308, China
| | - Congwei Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xianrui Dou
- Department of Nephrology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, 528308, China.
| | - Fenfen Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - Haibo Long
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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223
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Li M, Nguyen L, Ferens D, Spizzo I, Wang Y, Denton KM, Del Borgo M, Kulkarni K, Aguilar MI, Qin CH, Samuel CS, Gaspari TA, Widdop RE. Novel AT 2R agonist, β-Pro 7Ang III, is cardio- and vaso-protective in diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115238. [PMID: 37536036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) evokes protective effects in various cardiovascular diseases. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of AT2R stimulation, with or without AT1R blockade, in a model of hypertension with concomitant type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were given either citrate or a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ; 55 mg/kg, i.p.) to induce diabetes. After 4 weeks of diabetes, animals were administered either a vehicle (saline), AT2R agonist, β-Pro7Ang III (0.1 mg/kg/day via osmotic mini-pump), AT1R blocker, candesartan (2 mg/kg/day via drinking water), or a combination of both for a further 8 weeks. β-Pro7Ang III treatment had no effect on blood pressure, but attenuated the significant increase in cardiac interstitial collagen and protein expression of fibrotic and inflammatory markers, and superoxide levels that was evident in diabetic SHRs. These effects were not observed with candesartan, despite its blood pressure lowering effects. Although β-Pro7Ang III had no effect on aortic fibrosis, it significantly attenuated MCP-1 protein expression and superoxide levels when compared to both the non-diabetic and diabetic SHRs, to a similar extent as candesartan. In both the heart and vasculature, the effects of β-Pro7Ang III in combination with candesartan were similar to those of β-Pro7Ang III alone, and superior to candesartan alone. It was concluded that in hypertension with concomitant diabetes, AT2R stimulation with a novel ligand alone, or in combination with AT1R blockade, improved the cardiac and vascular structural changes that were strongly associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, independent of blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Li
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Levi Nguyen
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Dorota Ferens
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Iresha Spizzo
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Yan Wang
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate M Denton
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Del Borgo
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ketav Kulkarni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Marie-Isabel Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Chengxue Helena Qin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Tracey A Gaspari
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert E Widdop
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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Fukihara J, Kondoh Y. COVID-19 and interstitial lung diseases: A multifaceted look at the relationship between the two diseases. Respir Investig 2023; 61:601-617. [PMID: 37429073 PMCID: PMC10281233 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although it has been a fatal disease for many patients, the development of treatment strategies and vaccines have progressed over the past 3 years, and our society has become able to accept COVID-19 as a manageable common disease. However, as COVID-19 sometimes causes pneumonia, post-COVID pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF), and worsening of preexisting interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), it is still a concern for pulmonary physicians. In this review, we have selected several topics regarding the relationships between ILDs and COVID-19. The pathogenesis of COVID-19-induced ILD is currently assumed based mainly on the evidence of other ILDs and has not been well elucidated specifically in the context of COVID-19. We have summarized what has been clarified to date and constructed a coherent story about the establishment and progress of the disease. We have also reviewed clinical information regarding ILDs newly induced or worsened by COVID-19 or anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Inflammatory and profibrotic responses induced by COVID-19 or vaccines have been thought to be a risk for de novo induction or worsening of ILDs, and this has been supported by the evidence obtained through clinical experience over the past 3 years. Although COVID-19 has become a mild disease in most cases, it is still worth looking back on the above-reviewed information to broaden our perspectives regarding the relationship between viral infection and ILD. As a representative etiology for severe viral pneumonia, further studies in this area are expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fukihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, 160 Nishioiwake-cho, Seto, Aichi, 489-8642, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kondoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, 160 Nishioiwake-cho, Seto, Aichi, 489-8642, Japan.
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225
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Niu L, Lu YJ, Zu XW, Yang W, Shen FK, Xu YY, Jiang M, Xie Y, Li SY, Gao J, Bai G. Magnolol alleviates pulmonary fibrosis inchronic obstructive pulmonary disease by targeting transient receptor potential vanilloid 4-ankyrin repeat domain. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4282-4297. [PMID: 37282760 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) plays a role in regulating pulmonary fibrosis (PF). While several TRPV4 antagonists including magnolol (MAG), have been discovered, the mechanism of action is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MAG on alleviating fibrosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on TRPV4, and to further analyze its mechanism of action on TRPV4. COPD was induced using cigarette smoke and LPS. The therapeutic effect of MAG on COPD-induced fibrosis was evaluated. TRPV4 was identified as the main target protein of MAG using target protein capture with MAG probe and drug affinity response target stability assay. The binding sites of MAG at TRPV4 were analyzed using molecular docking and small molecule interaction with TRPV4-ankyrin repeat domain (ARD). The effects of MAG on TRPV4 membrane distribution and channel activity were analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation, fluorescence co-localization, and living cell assay of calcium levels. By targeting TRPV4-ARD, MAG disrupted the binding between phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase γ and TRPV4, leading to hampered membrane distribution on fibroblasts. Additionally, MAG competitively impaired ATP binding to TRPV4-ARD, inhibiting TRPV4 channel opening activity. MAG effectively blocked the fibrotic process caused by mechanical or inflammatory signals, thus alleviating PF in COPD. Targeting TRPV4-ARD presents a novel treatment strategy for PF in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Niu
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Jie Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing-Wang Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fu-Kui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Xie
- The Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases co-constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Su-Yun Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases co-constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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226
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He Y, Goyette MA, Chapelle J, Boufaied N, Al Rahbani J, Schonewolff M, Danek EI, Muller WJ, Labbé DP, Côté JF, Lamarche-Vane N. CdGAP is a talin-binding protein and a target of TGF-β signaling that promotes HER2-positive breast cancer growth and metastasis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112936. [PMID: 37552602 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in metastasis, which is the leading cause of death in breast cancer patients. Here, we show that Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein (CdGAP) promotes tumor formation and metastasis to lungs in the HER2-positive (HER2+) murine breast cancer model. CdGAP facilitates intravasation, extravasation, and growth at metastatic sites. CdGAP depletion in HER2+ murine primary tumors mediates crosstalk with a Dlc1-RhoA pathway and is associated with a transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-induced EMT transcriptional signature. CdGAP is positively regulated by TGF-β signaling during EMT and interacts with the adaptor talin to modulate focal adhesion dynamics and integrin activation. Moreover, HER2+ breast cancer patients with high CdGAP mRNA expression combined with a high TGF-β-EMT signature are more likely to present lymph node invasion. Our results suggest CdGAP as a candidate therapeutic target for HER2+ metastatic breast cancer by inhibiting TGF-β and integrin/talin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Marie-Anne Goyette
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jennifer Chapelle
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Nadia Boufaied
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jalal Al Rahbani
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Maribel Schonewolff
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Eric I Danek
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - William J Muller
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - David P Labbé
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jean-François Côté
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Nathalie Lamarche-Vane
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
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Costantini A, Guasto A, Cormier-Daire V. TGF-β and BMP Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Dysplasia with Short and Tall Stature. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2023; 24:225-253. [PMID: 37624666 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-120922-094107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways play a pivotal role in bone development and skeletal health. More than 30 different types of skeletal dysplasia are now known to be caused by pathogenic variants in genes that belong to the TGF-β superfamily and/or regulate TGF-β/BMP bioavailability. This review describes the latest advances in skeletal dysplasia that is due to impaired TGF-β/BMP signaling and results in short stature (acromelic dysplasia and cardiospondylocarpofacial syndrome) or tall stature (Marfan syndrome). We thoroughly describe the clinical features of the patients, the underlying genetic findings, and the pathomolecular mechanisms leading to disease, which have been investigated mainly using patient-derived skin fibroblasts and mouse models. Although no pharmacological treatment is yet available for skeletal dysplasia due to impaired TGF-β/BMP signaling, in recent years advances in the use of drugs targeting TGF-β have been made, and we also discuss these advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Costantini
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France; , ,
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Guasto
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France; , ,
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France; , ,
- Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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228
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Kaur Sandhu S, Raut J, Kumar S, Singh M, Ahmed B, Singh J, Rana V, Rishi P, Ganesh N, Dua K, Pal Kaur I. Nanocurcumin and viable Lactobacillus plantarum based sponge dressing for skin wound healing. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123187. [PMID: 37394156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (CSLNs) and probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum UBLP-40; L. plantarum) were currently co-incorporated into a wound dressing. The combination with manifold anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, analgesic, and antioxidant properties of both curcumin and L. plantarum will better manage complex healing process. Recent reports indicate that polyphenolics like curcumin improve probiotic effects. Curcumin was nanoencapsulated (CSLNs) to improve its bioprofile and achieve controlled release on the wound bed. Bacteriotherapy (probiotic) is established to promote wound healing via antimicrobial activity, inhibition of pathogenic toxins, immunomodulation, and anti-inflammatory actions. Combination of CSLNs with probiotic enhanced (560%) its antimicrobial effects against planktonic cells and biofilms of skin pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus 9144. The sterile dressing was devised with selected polymers, and optimized for polymer concentration, and dressing characteristics using a central composite design. It exhibited a swelling ratio of 412 ± 36%, in vitro degradation time of 3 h, optimal water vapor transmission rate of 1516.81 ± 155.25 g/m2/day, high tensile strength, low-blood clotting index, case II transport, and controlled release of curcumin. XRD indicated strong interaction between employed polymers. FESEM revealed a porous sponge like meshwork embedded with L. plantarum and CSLNs. It degraded and released L. plantarum, which germinated in the wound bed. The sponge was stable under refrigerated conditions for up to six months. No translocation of probiotic from wound to the internal organs confirmed safety. The dressing exhibited faster wound closure and lowered bioburden in the wound area in mice. This was coupled with a decrease in TNF-α, MMP-9, and LPO levels; and an increase in VEGF, TGF-β, and antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and GSH, establishing multiple healing pathways. Results were compared with CSLNs and probiotic-alone dressings. The dressing was as effective as the silver nanoparticle-based marketed hydrogel dressing; however, the cost and risk of developing resistance would be much lower currently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simarjot Kaur Sandhu
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Jayant Raut
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Suneel Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08844, USA
| | - Mandeep Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Bakr Ahmed
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Joga Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Vikas Rana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India
| | - Praveen Rishi
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Narayanan Ganesh
- Jawaharlal Nehru Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Bhopal 462001, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Maharati A, Moghbeli M. Long non-coding RNAs as the critical regulators of PI3K/AKT, TGF-β, and MAPK signaling pathways during breast tumor progression. J Transl Med 2023; 21:556. [PMID: 37596669 PMCID: PMC10439650 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) as one of the most common causes of human deaths among women, is always considered one of the global health challenges. Despite various advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, a significant percentage of BC patients have a poor prognosis due to the lack of therapeutic response. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in BC progression can improve the therapeutic and diagnostic strategies in these patients. Cytokine and growth factor-dependent signaling pathways play a key role during BC progression. In addition to cytokines and growth factors, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have also important roles in regulation of such signaling pathways. Therefore, in the present review we discussed the role of lncRNAs in regulation of PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and TGF-β signaling pathways in breast tumor cells. It has been shown that lncRNAs mainly have an oncogenic role through the promotion of these signaling pathways in BC. This review can be an effective step in introducing the lncRNAs inhibition as a probable therapeutic strategy to reduce tumor growth by suppression of PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and TGF-β signaling pathways in BC patients. In addition, considering the oncogenic role and increased levels of lncRNAs expressions in majority of the breast tumors, lncRNAs can be also considered as the reliable diagnostic markers in BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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230
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Sun Z, Yan T, Jiang H, Cai J, Zhu X, Chen Q. Claudin-3 facilitates the progression and mediates the tumorigenic effects of TGF-β in glioblastoma multiforme. Med Oncol 2023; 40:268. [PMID: 37578554 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a significantly malignant and lethal brain tumor with an average survival time of less than 12 months. Several researches had shown that Claudin-3 (CLDN3) is overexpressed in various cancers and might be important in their growth and spread. In this study, we used qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining assays to investigate the expression levels of various proteins. To explore the proliferation abilities of GBM cells, we conducted the CCK-8 and EdU-DNA formation assays. Wound healing and transwell assays were used to investigate the capacities of invasion and migration of GBM cells. Additionally, we constructed an intracranial xenograft model of GBM to study the in vivo role of CLDN3. Our study devoted to investigate the function of CLDN3 in the pathogenesis and progression of GBM. Our study revealed that CLDN3 was upregulated in GBM and could stimulate tumor cell growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in both laboratory and animal models. We also discovered that CLDN3 expression could be triggered by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and reduced by specific inhibitors of the TGF-β signaling pathway, such as ITD-1. Further analysis revealed that increased CLDN3 levels enhanced TGF-β-induced growth and EMT in GBM cells, while reducing CLDN3 levels weakened these effects. Our study demonstrated the function of CLDN3 in facilitating GBM growth and metastasis and indicated its involvement in the tumorigenic effects of TGF-β. Developing specific inhibitors of CLDN3 might, therefore, represent a promising new approach for treating this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Tengfeng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongxiang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Jiayang Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Xiwei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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231
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Riege D, Herschel S, Heintze L, Fenkl T, Wesseler F, Sievers S, Peifer C, Schade D. Identification of Maleimide-Fused Carbazoles as Novel Noncanonical Bone Morphogenetic Protein Synergizers. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1207-1220. [PMID: 37588754 PMCID: PMC10426274 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Morphogenic signaling pathways govern embryonic development and tissue homeostasis on the cellular level. Precise control of such signaling events paves the way for innovative therapeutic approaches in the field of regenerative medicine. In line with these notions, bone morphogenic protein (BMP) is a major osteogenic driver and pharmacological stimulation of BMP signaling holds supreme potential for diseases and defects of the skeleton. Efforts to identify small-molecule modalities that activate or potentiate the BMP pathway have primarily been focused on the canonical signaling cascade. Here, we describe the phenotypic identification and development of specific carbazolomaleimides 2 as novel noncanonical BMP synergizers with submicromolar osteogenic cellular potency. The devised chemical tools are characterized to specifically regulate Id gene expression in a SMAD-independent, yet highly BMP-dependent fashion. Mechanistic studies revealed that GSK3 inhibition and increased β-catenin levels are partly responsible for this activity. The utility of the new BMP synergizer profile was further exemplified by showing how the synergistic action of canonical and noncanonical BMP enhancers additively amplifies BMP-dependent osteogenic outputs. Carbazolomaleimide 2b serves as a new and unique pharmacological tool for the modulation and study of the BMP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Riege
- Department of Pharmaceutical &
Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of
Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel,
Germany
| | - Sven Herschel
- Department of Pharmaceutical &
Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of
Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel,
Germany
| | - Linda Heintze
- Department of Pharmaceutical &
Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of
Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel,
Germany
| | - Teresa Fenkl
- Department of Pharmaceutical &
Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of
Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel,
Germany
| | - Fabian Wesseler
- Department of Pharmaceutical &
Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of
Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel,
Germany
- Compound Management and
Screening Center, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227
Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Compound Management and
Screening Center, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227
Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Peifer
- Department of Pharmaceutical &
Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of
Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel,
Germany
| | - Dennis Schade
- Department of Pharmaceutical &
Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of
Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel,
Germany
- Partner Site Kiel, DZHK,
German Center for Cardiovascular Research, 24105
Kiel, Germany
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232
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Yugavathy N, Abdullah BM, Lim SK, Abdul Gafor AHB, Wong MG, Bavanandan S, Wong HS, Huri HZ. Precision Medicine in Erythropoietin Deficiency and Treatment Resistance: A Novel Approach to Management of Anaemia in Chronic Kidney Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6550-6563. [PMID: 37623232 PMCID: PMC10453742 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of anaemia is a well-developed discipline where the concepts of precision medicine have, in part, been researched extensively. This review discusses the treatment of erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency anaemia and resistance in cases of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Traditionally, erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) and iron supplementation have been used to manage anaemia in cases of CKD. However, these treatments pose potential risks, including cardiovascular and thromboembolic events. Newer treatments have emerged to address these risks, such as slow-release and low-dosage intravenous iron, oral iron supplementation, and erythropoietin-iron combination therapy. Another novel approach is the use of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs). This review highlights the need for precision medicine targeting the genetic components of EPO deficiency anaemia in CKD and discusses individual variability in genes such as the erythropoietin gene (EPO), the interleukin-β gene (IL-β), and the hypoxia-inducible factor gene (HIF). Pharmacogenetic testing aims to provide targeted therapies and interventions that are tailored to the specific characteristics of an individual, thus optimising treatment outcomes and minimising resistance and adverse effects. This article concludes by suggesting that receptor modification has the potential to revolutionise the treatment outcomes of patients with erythropoietin deficiency anaemia through the integration of the mentioned approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nava Yugavathy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | | | - Soo Kun Lim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | | | - Muh Geot Wong
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia;
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Sunita Bavanandan
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur 50586, Malaysia;
| | - Hin Seng Wong
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Selayang, Batu Caves 68100, Malaysia;
| | - Hasniza Zaman Huri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
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233
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Ohta K, Ito M, Chida T, Nakashima K, Sakai S, Kanegae Y, Kawasaki H, Aoshima T, Takabayashi S, Takahashi H, Kawata K, Shoji I, Sawasaki T, Suda T, Suzuki T. Role of hepcidin upregulation and proteolytic cleavage of ferroportin 1 in hepatitis C virus-induced iron accumulation. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011591. [PMID: 37585449 PMCID: PMC10461841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a pathogen characterized not only by its persistent infection leading to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but also by metabolic disorders such as lipid and iron dysregulation. Elevated iron load is commonly observed in the livers of patients with chronic hepatitis C, and hepatic iron overload is a highly profibrogenic and carcinogenic factor that increases the risk of HCC. However, the underlying mechanisms of elevated iron accumulation in HCV-infected livers remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we observed iron accumulation in cells and liver tissues under HCV infection and in mice expressing viral proteins from recombinant adenoviruses. We established two molecular mechanisms that contribute to increased iron load in cells caused by HCV infection. One is the transcriptional induction of hepcidin, the key hormone for modulating iron homeostasis. The transcription factor cAMP-responsive element-binding protein hepatocyte specific (CREBH), which was activated by HCV infection, not only directly recognizes the hepcidin promoter but also induces bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) expression, resulting in an activated BMP-SMAD pathway that enhances hepcidin promoter activity. The other is post-translational regulation of the iron-exporting membrane protein ferroportin 1 (FPN1), which is cleaved between residues Cys284 and Ala285 in the intracytoplasmic loop region of the central portion mediated by HCV NS3-4A serine protease. We propose that host transcriptional activation triggered by endoplasmic reticulum stress and FPN1 cleavage by viral protease work in concert to impair iron efflux, leading to iron accumulation in HCV-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Ohta
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Chida
- Department of Regional Medical Care Support, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakashima
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yumi Kanegae
- Core Research Facilities, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawasaki
- Institute for NanoSuit Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takuya Aoshima
- Laboratory Animal Facilities & Services, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shuji Takabayashi
- Laboratory Animal Facilities & Services, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Takahashi
- Division of Cell-Free Science, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Kawata
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ikuo Shoji
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sawasaki
- Division of Cell-Free Science, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
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234
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Menezes R, Sherman L, Rameshwar P, Arinzeh TL. Scaffolds containing GAG-mimetic cellulose sulfate promote TGF-β interaction and MSC Chondrogenesis over native GAGs. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1135-1150. [PMID: 36708060 PMCID: PMC10277227 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to repair damaged tissue using approaches that include scaffolds containing components of the native extracellular matrix (ECM). Articular cartilage consists of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) which are known to sequester growth factors. In order to more closely mimic the native ECM, this study evaluated the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a promising cell source for cartilage regeneration, on fibrous scaffolds that contained the GAG-mimetic cellulose sulfate. The degree of sulfation was evaluated, examining partially sulfated cellulose (pSC) and fully sulfated cellulose (NaCS). Comparisons were made with scaffolds containing native GAGs (chondroitin sulfate A, chondroitin sulfate C and heparin). Transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-β3) sequestration, as measured by rate of association, was higher for sulfated cellulose-containing scaffolds as compared to native GAGs. In addition, TGF-β3 sequestration and retention over time was highest for NaCS-containing scaffolds. Sulfated cellulose-containing scaffolds loaded with TGF-β3 showed enhanced chondrogenesis as indicated by a higher Collagen Type II:I ratio over native GAGs. NaCS-containing scaffolds loaded with TGF-β3 had the highest expression of chondrogenic markers and a reduction of hypertrophic markers in dynamic loading conditions, which more closely mimic in vivo conditions. Studies also demonstrated that TGF-β3 mediated its effect through the Smad2/3 signaling pathway where the specificity of TGF-β receptor (TGF- βRI)-phosphorylated SMAD2/3 was verified with a receptor inhibitor. Therefore, studies demonstrate that scaffolds containing cellulose sulfate enhance TGF-β3-induced MSC chondrogenic differentiation and show promise for promoting cartilage tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseline Menezes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lauren Sherman
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers University School of Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers University School of Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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235
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Lamenza FF, Ryan NM, Upadhaya P, Siddiqui A, Jordanides PP, Springer A, Roth P, Pracha H, Iwenofu OH, Oghumu S. Inducible TgfbR1 and Pten deletion in a model of tongue carcinogenesis and chemoprevention. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1167-1177. [PMID: 37231058 PMCID: PMC10754272 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant public health problem, with a need for novel approaches to chemoprevention and treatment. Preclinical models that recapitulate molecular alterations that occur in clinical HNSCC patients are needed to better understand molecular and immune mechanisms of HNSCC carcinogenesis, chemoprevention, and efficacy of treatment. We optimized a mouse model of tongue carcinogenesis with discrete quantifiable tumors via conditional deletion of Tgfβr1 and Pten by intralingual injection of tamoxifen. We characterized the localized immune tumor microenvironment, metastasis, systemic immune responses, associated with tongue tumor development. We further determined the efficacy of tongue cancer chemoprevention using dietary administration of black raspberries (BRB). Three Intralingual injections of 500 µg tamoxifen to transgenic K14 Cre, floxed Tgfbr1, Pten (2cKO) knockout mice resulted in tongue tumors with histological and molecular profiles, and lymph node metastasis similar to clinical HNSCC tumors. Bcl2, Bcl-xl, Egfr, Ki-67, and Mmp9, were significantly upregulated in tongue tumors compared to surrounding epithelial tissue. CD4+ and CD8 + T cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes and tumors displayed increased surface CTLA-4 expression, suggestive of impaired T-cell activation and enhanced regulatory T-cell activity. BRB administration resulted in reduced tumor growth, enhanced T-cell infiltration to the tongue tumor microenvironment and robust antitumoral CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell activity characterized by greater granzyme B and perforin expression. Our results demonstrate that intralingual injection of tamoxifen in Tgfβr1/Pten 2cKO mice results in discrete quantifiable tumors suitable for chemoprevention and therapy of experimental HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe F Lamenza
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nathan M Ryan
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Puja Upadhaya
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Arham Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pete P Jordanides
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anna Springer
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Peyton Roth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hasan Pracha
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - O Hans Iwenofu
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Steve Oghumu
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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236
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Kmieć P, Rosenkranz S, Odenthal M, Caglayan E. Differential Role of Aldosterone and Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 in Cardiac Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12237. [PMID: 37569619 PMCID: PMC10419155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II, a major culprit in cardiovascular disease, activates mediators that are also involved in pathological cardiac remodeling. In this context, we aimed at investigating the effects of two of them: aldosterone (Ald) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) in an in vivo model. Six-week-old male wild-type (WT) and TGF-β1-overexpressing transgenic (TGF-β1-TG) mice were infused with subhypertensive doses of Ald for 2 weeks and/or treated orally with eplerenone from postnatal day 21. Thehearts' ventricles were examined by morphometry, immunoblotting to assess the intracellular signaling pathways and RT qPCR to determine hypertrophy and fibrosis marker genes. The TGF-β1-TG mice spontaneously developed cardiac hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis and exhibited a higher baseline phosphorylation of p44/42 and p38 kinases, fibronectin and ANP mRNA expression. Ald induced a comparable increase in the ventricular-heart-weight-to-body-weight ratio and cardiomyocyte diameter in both strains, but a less pronounced increase in interstitial fibrosis in the transgenic compared to the WT mice (23.6% vs. 80.9%, p < 0.005). Ald increased the phosphorylation of p44/42 and p38 in the WT but not the TGF-β1-TG mice. While the eplerenone-enriched chow partially prevented Ald-induced cardiac hypertrophy in both genotypes and interstitial fibrosis in the WT controls, it completely protected against additional fibrosis in transgenic mice. Ald appears to induce cardiac hypertrophy independently of TGF-β1, while in the case of fibrosis, the downstream signaling pathways of these two factors probably converge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kmieć
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80214 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Stephan Rosenkranz
- Clinic for Internal Medicine III and Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne University Heart Center, 50937 Köln, Germany;
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany;
| | - Evren Caglayan
- Department of Cardiology, University-Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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237
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Ali M, Kwak SH, Byeon JY, Choi HJ. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Loaded Alginate-Hyaluronic Acid (AlgHA) Microbeads System for Wound Healing. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:403. [PMID: 37623648 PMCID: PMC10455903 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of skin injuries is one of the most common concerns in medical facilities. Different types of biomaterials with effective wound-healing characteristics have been studied previously. In this study, we used alginate (Alg) and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite (80:20) beads for the sustained release of epidermal growth factor (EGF) delivery. Heparin crosslinked AlgHA beads showed significant loading and entrapment of EGF. Encapsulated beads demonstrated biocompatibility with rat L929 cells and significant migration at the concentration of AlgHAEGF100 and AlgHAEGF150 within 24 h. Both groups significantly improved the expression of Fetal Liver Kinase 1 (FLK-1) along with the Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) protein in rat bone Mesenchymal stem cells (rbMSCs). In vivo assessment exhibited significant epithelialization and wound closure gaps within 2 weeks. Immunohistochemistry shows markedly significant levels of ICAM-1, FLK-1, and fibronectin (FN) in the AlgHAEGF100 and AlgHAEGF150 groups. Hence, we conclude that the EGF-loaded alginate-hyaluronic acid (AlgHA) bead system can be used to promote wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqsood Ali
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hyun Kwak
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Yeon Byeon
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Jun Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31538, Republic of Korea
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238
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Racu ML, Bernardi D, Chaouche A, Zindy E, Navez J, Loi P, Maris C, Closset J, Van Laethem JL, Decaestecker C, Salmon I, D’Haene N. SMAD4 Positive Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas Are Associated with Better Outcomes in Patients Receiving FOLFIRINOX-Based Neoadjuvant Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3765. [PMID: 37568581 PMCID: PMC10417261 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SMAD4 is inactivated in 50-55% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). SMAD4 loss of expression has been described as a negative prognostic factor in PDAC associated with an increased rate of metastasis and resistance to therapy. However, the impact of SMAD4 inactivation in patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is not well characterized. The aim of our study was to investigate whether SMAD4 status is a prognostic and predictive factor in patients receiving NAT. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 59 patients from a single center who underwent surgical resection for primary PDAC after NAT. SMAD4 nuclear expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and its relationship to clinicopathologic variables and survival parameters was evaluated. Interaction testing was performed between SMAD4 status and the type of NAT. RESULTS 49.15% of patients presented loss of SMAD4. SMAD4 loss was associated with a higher positive lymph node ratio (p = 0.03), shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.02), and metastasis-free survival (MFS) (p = 0.02), but it was not an independent prognostic biomarker in multivariate analysis. Interaction tests demonstrated that patients with SMAD4-positive tumors receiving FOLFIRINOX-based NAT showed the best outcome. CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential prognostic and predictive role of SMAD4 status in PDAC patients receiving FOLFIRINOX-based NAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lucie Racu
- Departement of Pathology, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.B.); (A.C.); (C.M.); (I.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Dana Bernardi
- Departement of Pathology, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.B.); (A.C.); (C.M.); (I.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Aniss Chaouche
- Departement of Pathology, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.B.); (A.C.); (C.M.); (I.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Egor Zindy
- Digital Image Analysis in Pathology (DIAPath), Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium; (E.Z.); (C.D.)
- Laboratory of Image Synthesis and Analysis (LISA), Brussels School of Engineering/École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Navez
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (J.N.); (P.L.); (J.C.); (J.-L.V.L.)
| | - Patrizia Loi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (J.N.); (P.L.); (J.C.); (J.-L.V.L.)
| | - Calliope Maris
- Departement of Pathology, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.B.); (A.C.); (C.M.); (I.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Jean Closset
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (J.N.); (P.L.); (J.C.); (J.-L.V.L.)
| | - Jean-Luc Van Laethem
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (J.N.); (P.L.); (J.C.); (J.-L.V.L.)
| | - Christine Decaestecker
- Digital Image Analysis in Pathology (DIAPath), Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium; (E.Z.); (C.D.)
- Laboratory of Image Synthesis and Analysis (LISA), Brussels School of Engineering/École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Salmon
- Departement of Pathology, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.B.); (A.C.); (C.M.); (I.S.); (N.D.)
- Digital Image Analysis in Pathology (DIAPath), Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium; (E.Z.); (C.D.)
| | - Nicky D’Haene
- Departement of Pathology, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.B.); (A.C.); (C.M.); (I.S.); (N.D.)
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Matsumoto Y, Fukui T, Horitani S, Tanimura Y, Suzuki R, Tomiyama T, Honzawa Y, Tahara T, Okazaki K, Naganuma M. A Short-Term Model of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer That Suggests Initial Tumor Development and the Characteristics of Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11697. [PMID: 37511456 PMCID: PMC10380789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the transition from colitis-associated inflammation to carcinogenesis and the cell origin of cancer formation are still unclear. The azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) mouse model reproduces human colitis-associated colorectal cancer. To elucidate the mechanisms of cancer development and dynamics of the linker threonine-phosphorylated Smad2/3 (pSmad2/3L-Thr)-positive cells, we explored the early stages of colitis-associated colorectal cancer in AOM/DSS mice. The AOM/DSS mice were sacrificed at 4 to 6 weeks following AOM administration. To analyze the initial lesions, immunofluorescence staining for the following markers was performed: β-catenin, Ki67, CDK4, Sox9, Bmi1, cyclin D1, and pSmad2/3L-Thr. Micro-neoplastic lesions were flat and unrecognizable, and the uni-cryptal ones were either open to the surfaces or hidden within the mucosae. These neoplastic cells overexpressed β-catenin, Sox9, Ki67, and Cyclin D1 and had large basophilic nuclei in the immature atypical cells. In both the lesions, pSmad2/3L-Thr-positive cells were scattered and showed immunohistochemical co-localization with β-catenin, CDK4, and Bmi1 but never with Ki67. More β-catenin-positive neoplastic cells of both lesions were detected at the top compared to the base or center of the mucosae. We confirmed initial lesions in the colitis-associated colorectal cancer model mice and observed results that suggest that pSmad2/3L-Thr is a biomarker for tissue stem cells and cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Matsumoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
| | - Toshiro Fukui
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Horitani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yuji Tanimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
| | - Takashi Tomiyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yusuke Honzawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Tahara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Okazaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
| | - Makoto Naganuma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
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240
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Valdivia A, Vagadia PP, Guo G, O'Brien E, Matei D, Schiltz GE. Discovery and Characterization of PROTACs Targeting Tissue Transglutaminase (TG2). J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37449845 PMCID: PMC10388319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is a multifunctional enzyme involved in the cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins, formation of complexes with fibronectin (FN) and integrins, and GTP hydrolysis. TG2 is activated in several pathological conditions, including cancer. We recently described a novel series of ligands that bind to TG2 and inhibit its interaction with FN. Because TG2 acts via multiple mechanisms, we set out to pursue a targeted protein degradation strategy to abolish TG2's myriad functions. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of VHL-based degraders that reduce TG2 in ovarian cancer cells in a proteasome-dependent manner. Degradation of TG2 resulted in significantly reduced cancer cell adhesion and migration in vitro in scratch-wound and migration assays. These results strongly indicate that further development of more potent and in vivo efficient TG2 degraders could be a new strategy for reducing the dissemination of ovarian and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Valdivia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Purav P Vagadia
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Guangxu Guo
- WuXi AppTec, Shanghai 200131, People's Republic of China
| | - Eilidh O'Brien
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Daniela Matei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Gary E Schiltz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
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241
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Jo MK, Moon CM, Jeon HJ, Han Y, Lee ES, Kwon JH, Yang KM, Ahn YH, Kim SE, Jung SA, Kim TI. Effect of aging on the formation and growth of colonic epithelial organoids by changes in cell cycle arrest through TGF-β-Smad3 signaling. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:35. [PMID: 37438837 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate how aging alters the homeostasis of the colonic intestinal epithelium and regeneration after tissue injury using organoid models and to identify its underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS To investigate aging-related changes in the colonic intestinal epithelium, we conducted organoid cultures from old (older than 80 weeks) and young (6-10 weeks) mice and compared the number and size of organoids at day 5 of passage 0 and the growth rate of organoids between the two groups. RESULTS The number and size of organoids from old mice was significantly lower than that from young mice (p < 0.0001) at day 5 of passage 0. The growth rate of old-mouse organoids from day 4 to 5 of passage 0 was significantly slower than that of young-mouse organoids (2.21 times vs. 1.16 times, p < 0.001). RNA sequencing showed that TGF-β- and cell cycle-associated genes were associated with the aging effect. With regard to mRNA and protein levels, Smad3 and p-Smad3 in the old-mouse organoids were markedly increased compared with those in the young-mouse organoids. Decreased expression of ID1, increased expression of p16INK4a, and increased cell cycle arrest were observed in the old mouse-organoids. Treatment with SB431542, a type I TGF-β receptor inhibitor, significantly increased the formation and growth of old-mouse organoids, and TGF-β1 treatment markedly suppressed the formation of young-mouse organoids. In the acute dextran sulfate sodium-colitis model and its organoid experiments, the colonic epithelial regeneration after tissue injury in old mice was significantly decreased compared with young mice. CONCLUSIONS Aging reduced the formation ability and growth rate of colonic epithelial organoids by increasing cell cycle arrest through TGF-β-Smad3-p16INK4a signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyoung Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25, Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Mo Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea.
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25, Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeon-Jeong Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25, Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerim Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25, Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sook Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25, Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Kwon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Young-Ho Ahn
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25, Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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242
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Hei X, Lin B, Wu P, Li X, Mao Z, Huang S, Zhang F, Zhou M, Ke Y, Yang H, Huang D. Lutein targeting orbital fibroblasts attenuates fibrotic and inflammatory effects in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Exp Eye Res 2023; 232:109515. [PMID: 37207866 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lutein (LU) is a carotenoid that has recently been implicated in multiple roles in fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is particularly relevant to these pathological changes. We thus aim to probe the potential therapeutic effects of TAO in an in vitro model. We used LU pre-treating OFs derived from patients with TAO or not, then treated with TGF-β1(or IL-1β)to induce fibrosis (or inflammation). We analyzed the different expressions of related genes and proteins, and the molecular mechanism pathway on TAO OFs was screened by RNA sequencing, which is identified in vitro. We found that LU attenuates fibrotic and inflammatory effects in TAO. LU inhibited ACTA2, COL1A1, FN1, and CTGF mRNA expression and suppressed α-SMA, and FN1 protein expression induced by TGF-β1. Besides, LU suppressed OFs migration. Besides, it is shown that LU suppressed inflammation-related genes, such as IL-6, IL-8, CXCL1, and MCP-1. Moreover, LU inhibited oxidative stress induced by IL-1β, which is analyzed by DHE fluorescent probe staining. RNA sequencing suggested ERK/AP-1 pathway may be the molecular mechanism of LU protective effect on TAO, which is identified by RT-qPCR and western-blot. In summary, this study provides the first evidence that LU significantly attenuates the pathogenic manifestations of TAO by inhibiting the expression of fibrotic and inflammation-related genes and ROS produced by OFs. These data suggested that LU may be a potential medicine for TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqing Hei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengsen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huasheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Danping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Di Fazio P, Mielke S, Böhm IT, Buchholz M, Matrood S, Schuppan D, Wissniowski T. Toll-like receptor 5 tunes hepatic and pancreatic stellate cells activation. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2023; 10:e001148. [PMID: 37433685 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stellate cells are responsible for liver and pancreas fibrosis and strictly correlate with tumourigenesis. Although their activation is reversible, an exacerbated signalling triggers chronic fibrosis. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) modulate stellate cells transition. TLR5 transduces the signal deriving by the binding to bacterial flagellin from invading mobile bacteria. DESIGN Human hepatic and pancreatic stellate cells were activated by the administration of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). TLR5 was transiently knocked down by short-interference RNA transfection. Reverse Transcription-quantitativePCR and western blot were performed to analyse the transcript and protein level of TLR5 and the transition players. Fluorescence microscopy was performed to identify these targets in spheroids and in the sections of murine fibrotic liver. RESULTS TGF-β-activated human hepatic and pancreatic stellate cells showed an increase of TLR5 expression. TLR5 knockdown blocked the activation of those stellate cells. Furthermore, TLR5 busted during murine liver fibrosis and co-localised with the inducible Collagen I. Flagellin suppressed TLR5, COL1A1 and ACTA2 expression after the administration of TGF-β. Instead, the antagonist of TLR5 did not block the effect of TGF-β. Wortmannin, a specific AKT inhibitor, induced TLR5 but not COL1A1 and ACTA2 transcript and protein level. CONCLUSION TGF-β-mediated activation of hepatic and pancreatic stellate cells requires the over-expression of TLR5. Instead, its autonomous signalling inhibits the activation of the stellate cells, thus prompting a signalling through different regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Di Fazio
- Department of Visceral Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Mielke
- Department of Visceral Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Isabell T Böhm
- Department of Visceral Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Malte Buchholz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sami Matrood
- Department of Visceral Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Ha KB, Lee ES, Park NW, Jo SH, Shim S, Kim DK, Ahn CM, Chung CH. Beneficial Effects of a Curcumin Derivative and Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor I Inhibitor Combination on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Diabetes Metab J 2023; 47:500-513. [PMID: 37096379 PMCID: PMC10404525 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Curcumin 2005-8 (Cur5-8), a derivative of curcumin, improves fatty liver disease via AMP-activated protein kinase activation and autophagy regulation. EW-7197 (vactosertib) is a small molecule inhibitor of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) receptor I and may scavenge reactive oxygen species and ameliorate fibrosis through the SMAD2/3 canonical pathway. This study aimed to determine whether co-administering these two drugs having different mechanisms is beneficial. METHODS Hepatocellular fibrosis was induced in mouse hepatocytes (alpha mouse liver 12 [AML12]) and human hepatic stellate cells (LX-2) using TGF-β (2 ng/mL). The cells were then treated with Cur5-8 (1 μM), EW-7197 (0.5 μM), or both. In animal experiments were also conducted during which, methionine-choline deficient diet, Cur5-8 (100 mg/kg), and EW-7197 (20 mg/kg) were administered orally to 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice for 6 weeks. RESULTS TGF-β-induced cell morphological changes were improved by EW-7197, and lipid accumulation was restored on the administration of EW-7197 in combination with Cur5-8. In a nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-induced mouse model, 6 weeks of EW-7197 and Cur5-8 co-administration alleviated liver fibrosis and improved the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score. CONCLUSION Co-administering Cur5-8 and EW-7197 to NASH-induced mice and fibrotic hepatocytes reduced liver fibrosis and steatohepatitis while maintaining the advantages of both drugs. This is the first study to show the effect of the drug combination against NASH and NAFLD. Similar effects in other animal models will confirm its potential as a new therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Bong Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Na Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Su Ho Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Soyeon Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae-Kee Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Mug Ahn
- Department of Basic Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Li XY, Chen HR, Kuang DD, Pan LH, Li QM, Luo JP, Zha XQ. Laminaria japonica polysaccharide attenuates podocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transformation via TGF-β1-mediated Smad3 and p38MAPK pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124637. [PMID: 37121417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we explored the interventional effect and potential mechanism of a purified Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJP61A) on podocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in TGF-β1-induced podocytes and adriamycin-treated mice. Results showed that compared to the model groups, LJP61A significantly up-regulated the levels of epithelial markers (Nephrin, WT-1, podocin) and down-regulated the levels of mesenchymal markers (α-SMA, FN1) in vitro and in vivo, thus preventing EMT-like morphological changes of podocytes, proteinuria and kidney injury. Smad3 and p38MAPK are two central pathways mediating podocyte EMT activated by TGF-β1. We found that LJP61A suppressed TGF-β1-induced activation of Smad3, Smad4 and p38MAPK in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the inhibitory actions of LJP61A on podocyte EMT were synergistically strengthened by Smad3 inhibitor SIS3 and p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580. Taken together, these findings revealed that LJP61A could prevent podocyte EMT, which might be related to the inhibition of TGF-β1-mediated Smad3 and p38MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Ran Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Kuang
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Pan
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang-Ming Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Luo
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zha
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Disease of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
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Zare M, Mirhoseini SZ, Ghovvati S, Yakhkeshi S, Hesaraki M, Barati M, Sayyahpour FA, Baharvand H, Hassani SN. The constitutively active pSMAD2/3 relatively improves the proliferation of chicken primordial germ cells. Mol Reprod Dev 2023. [PMID: 37379342 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
In many multicellular organisms, mature gametes originate from primordial germ cells (PGCs). Improvements in the culture of PGCs are important not only for developmental biology research, but also for preserving endangered species, and for genome editing and transgenic animal technologies. SMAD2/3 appear to be powerful regulators of gene expression; however, their potential positive impact on the regulation of PGC proliferation has not been taken into consideration. Here, the effect of TGF-β signaling as the upstream activator of SMAD2/3 transcription factors was evaluated on chicken PGCs' proliferation. For this, chicken PGCs at stages 26-28 Hamburger-Hamilton were obtained from the embryonic gonadal regions and cultured on different feeders or feeder-free substrates. The results showed that TGF-β signaling agonists (IDE1 and Activin-A) improved PGC proliferation to some extent while treatment with SB431542, the antagonist of TGF-β, disrupted PGCs' proliferation. However, the transfection of PGCs with constitutively active SMAD2/3 (SMAD2/3CA) resulted in improved PGC proliferation for more than 5 weeks. The results confirmed the interactions between overexpressed SMAD2/3CA and pluripotency-associated genes NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2. According to the results, the application of SMAD2/3CA could represent a step toward achieving an efficient expansion of avian PGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Zare
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | | | - Shahrokh Ghovvati
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | - Saeed Yakhkeshi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hesaraki
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Barati
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Azam Sayyahpour
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh-Nafiseh Hassani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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247
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He C, Ye P, Zhang X, Esmaeili E, Li Y, Lü P, Cai C. The Role of TGF-β Signaling in Saphenous Vein Graft Failure after Peripheral Arterial Disease Bypass Surgery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10381. [PMID: 37373529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Saphenous vein bypass grafting is an effective technique used to treat peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, restenosis is the major clinical challenge for the graft vessel among people with PAD postoperation. We hypothesize that there is a common culprit behind arterial occlusion and graft restenosis. To investigate this hypothesis, we found TGF-β, a gene specifically upregulated in PAD arteries, by bioinformatics analysis. TGF-β has a wide range of biological activities and plays an important role in vascular remodeling. We discuss the molecular pathway of TGF-β and elucidate its mechanism in vascular remodeling and intimal hyperplasia, including EMT, extracellular matrix deposition, and fibrosis, which are the important pathways contributing to stenosis. Additionally, we present a case report of a patient with graft restenosis linked to the TGF-β pathway. Finally, we discuss the potential applications of targeting the TGF-β pathway in the clinic to improve the long-term patency of vein grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhuai He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Pin Ye
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xuecheng Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Elham Esmaeili
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yiqing Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ping Lü
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chuanqi Cai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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248
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Fan JR, Chang SN, Chu CT, Chen HC. AKT2-mediated nuclear deformation leads to genome instability during epithelial-mesenchymal transition. iScience 2023; 26:106992. [PMID: 37378334 PMCID: PMC10291577 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear deformation has been observed in some cancer cells for decades, but its underlying mechanism and biological significance remain elusive. To address these questions, we employed human lung cancer A549 cell line as a model in context with transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Here, we report that nuclear deformation induced by TGFβ is concomitant with increased phosphorylation of lamin A at Ser390, defective nuclear lamina and genome instability. AKT2 and Smad3 serve as the downstream effectors for TGFβ to induce nuclear deformation. AKT2 directly phosphorylates lamin A at Ser390, whereas Smad3 is required for AKT2 activation upon TGFβ stimulation. Expression of the lamin A mutant with a substitution of Ser390 to Ala or suppression of AKT2 or Smad3 prevents nuclear deformation and genome instability induced by TGFβ. These findings reveal a molecular mechanism for TGFβ-induced nuclear deformation and establish a role of nuclear deformation in genome instability during epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rong Fan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Nian Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tung Chu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Chen Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
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249
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Liu X, Xu J, Shen B, Xu J, Jiang J. USP33 promotes pancreatic cancer malignant phenotype through the regulation of TGFBR2/TGFβ signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:362. [PMID: 37322017 PMCID: PMC10272277 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) ranked fourth among cancer-related death worldwide with a survival rate less than 5%. The abnormal proliferation and distant metastasis are major obstacles for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer, therefore, it is urgent for researchers to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the PC proliferation and metastasis. In current study, we found that USP33, a member of deubiquitinating enzyme family, was upregulated among PC samples and cells, meanwhile, the high expression of USP33 correlated with poor prognosis of patients. Function experiments revealed that USP33 overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC cells while the inhibition of USP33 expression in PC cells exhibited the opposite effect. The mass spectrum and luciferase complementation assay screened TGFBR2 as the potential binding protein of USP33. Mechanistically, USP33 triggered the deubiquitination of TGFBR2 and prevented its degradation by lysosome, therefore promoted TGFBR2 accumulation in cell membrane and eventually contributed to the sustained activation of TGF-β signaling. Moreover, our results revealed that the activation of TGF-β targeted gene ZEB1 promoted the transcription of USP33. In conclusion, our study found that USP33 contributed to the proliferation and metastasis of pancreatic cancer through a positive feedback loop with TGF-β signaling pathway. Moreover, this study suggested that USP33 may serve as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Bingbing Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jichuan Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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250
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Ghosh D, Hsu J, Soriano K, Peña CM, Lee AH, Dizon DS, Dawson MR. Spatial Heterogeneity in Cytoskeletal Mechanics Response to TGF-β1 and Hypoxia Mediates Partial Epithelial-to-Meshenchymal Transition in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3186. [PMID: 37370796 PMCID: PMC10296400 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) involves the partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells in the primary tumor and dissemination into peritoneal fluid. In part to the high degree of heterogeneity in EOC cells, the identification of EMT in highly epithelial cells in response to differences in matrix mechanics, growth factor signaling, and tissue hypoxia is very difficult. We analyzed different degrees of EMT by tracking changes in cell and nuclear morphology, along with the organization of cytoskeletal proteins. In our analysis, we see a small percentage of individual cells that show dramatic response to TGF-β1 and hypoxia treatment. We demonstrate that EOC cells are spatially aware of their surroundings, with a subpopulation of EOC cells at the periphery of a cell cluster in 2D environments exhibited a greater degree of EMT. These peripheral cancer cells underwent partial EMT, displaying a hybrid of mesenchymal and epithelial characteristics, which often included less cortical actin and more perinuclear cytokeratin expression. Collectively, these data show that tumor-promoting microenvironment conditions can mediate invasive cell behavior in a spatially regulated context in a small subpopulation of highly epithelial clustered cancer cells that maintain epithelial characteristics while also acquiring some mesenchymal traits through partial EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepraj Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (D.G.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Jeffrey Hsu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (D.G.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Kylen Soriano
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (D.G.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Carolina Mejia Peña
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (D.G.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Amy H. Lee
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;
| | - Don S. Dizon
- Lifespan Cancer Institute, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;
| | - Michelle R. Dawson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (D.G.); (C.M.P.)
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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