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Yuan Q, Zeng ZL, Yang S, Li A, Zu X, Liu J. Mitochondrial Stress in Metabolic Inflammation: Modest Benefits and Full Losses. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8803404. [PMID: 36457729 PMCID: PMC9708372 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8803404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Energy intake and metabolic balance are the pillars of health preservation. Overnutrition causes nonspecific, persistently low inflammatory state known as metabolic inflammation. This condition contributes to the pathophysiology of various metabolic disorders, such as atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. The mitochondria maintain the balance of energy metabolism. Excessive energy stress can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, which promotes metabolic inflammation. The inflammatory environment further impairs mitochondrial function. Accordingly, excellent organism design keeps the body metabolically healthy in the context of mitochondrial dysfunction, and moderate mitochondrial stress can have a beneficial effect. This review summarises the research progress on the multifaceted characterisation of mitochondrial dysfunction and its role in metabolic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yuan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Diabetes Clinical Medical Research Center of Hunan Province, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Z. L. Zeng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Diabetes Clinical Medical Research Center of Hunan Province, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shiqi Yang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Diabetes Clinical Medical Research Center of Hunan Province, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Anqi Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Diabetes Clinical Medical Research Center of Hunan Province, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jianghua Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Diabetes Clinical Medical Research Center of Hunan Province, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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202
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Ma L, Gilani A, Yi Q, Tang L. MicroRNAs as Mediators of Adipose Thermogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Obesity. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1657. [PMID: 36421371 PMCID: PMC9687157 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health problem worldwide, associated with an increased risk of multiple chronic diseases. The thermogenic activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) correlates with leanness in adults. Understanding the mechanisms behind BAT activation and the process of white fat "browning" has important implications for developing new treatments to combat obesity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small transcriptional regulators that control gene expression in various tissues, including adipose tissue. Recent studies show that miRNAs are involved in adipogenesis and adipose tissue thermogenesis. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the role of miRNAs in adipocyte thermogenesis and obesity. The potential for miRNA-based therapies for obesity and recommendations for future research are highlighted, which may help provide new targets for treating obesity and obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunkun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ankit Gilani
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646099, China
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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203
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Regulatory Networks, Management Approaches, and Emerging Treatments of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 2022:6799414. [PMID: 36397950 PMCID: PMC9666027 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6799414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex and diverse, involving multiple signaling pathways and cytokines from various organs. Hepatokines, stellakines, adipokines, and myokines secreted by hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, adipose tissue, and myocytes play an important role in the occurrence and development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) contributes to the progression of NAFLD by mediating liver inflammation, immune response, hepatocyte death, and later compensatory proliferation. In this review, we first discuss the crosstalk and interaction between hepatokines, stellakines, adipokines, and myokines and NF-κB in NAFLD. The characterization of the crosstalk of NF-κB with these factors will provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of NAFLD. In addition, we examine new expert management opinions for NAFLD and explore the therapeutic potential of silymarin in NAFLD/NASH.
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204
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Li Q, Wang L, Xing K, Yang Y, Abiola Adetula A, Liu Y, Yi G, Zhang H, Sweeney T, Tang Z. Identification of circRNAs Associated with Adipogenesis Based on RNA-Seq Data in Pigs. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2062. [PMID: 36360299 PMCID: PMC9689998 DOI: 10.3390/genes13112062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes or fat cells play a vital role in the storage and release of energy in pigs, and many circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as important regulators in various tissues and cell types in pigs. However, the spatio-temporal expression pattern of circRNAs between different adipose deposition breeds remains elusive. In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) produced transcriptome profiles of Western Landrace (lean-type) and Chinese Songliao black pigs (obese-type) with different thicknesses of subcutaneous fat tissues and were used to identify circRNAs involved in the regulation of adipogenesis. Gene expression analysis revealed 883 circRNAs, among which 26 and 11 circRNAs were differentially expressed between Landrace vs. Songliao pigs and high- vs. low-thickness groups, respectively. We also analyzed the interaction between circRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) and constructed their interaction network in adipogenesis; gene ontology classification and pathway analysis revealed two vital circRNAs, with the majority of their target genes enriched in biological functions such as fatty acids biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and Wnt/TGF-β signaling pathways. These candidate circRNAs can be taken as potential targets for further experimental studies. Our results show that circRNAs are dynamically expressed and provide a valuable basis for understanding the molecular mechanism of circRNAs in pig adipose biology.
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205
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Hadizadeh N, Bagheri D, Shamsara M, Hamblin MR, Farmany A, Xu M, Liang Z, Razi F, Hashemi E. Extracellular vesicles biogenesis, isolation, manipulation and genetic engineering for potential in vitro and in vivo therapeutics: An overview. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1019821. [PMID: 36406206 PMCID: PMC9672340 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1019821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goals of medicine consist of early detection and effective treatment of different diseases. In this regard, the rise of exosomes as carriers of natural biomarkers has recently attracted a lot of attention and managed to shed more light on the future of early disease diagnosis methods. Here, exosome biogenesis, its role as a biomarker in metabolic disorders, and recent advances in state-of-art technologies for exosome detection and isolation will be reviewed along with future research directions and challenges regarding the manipulation and genetic engineering of exosomes for potential in vitro and in vivo disease diagnosis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Hadizadeh
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Diba Bagheri
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shamsara
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Abbas Farmany
- Dental Research Centre and Dental Implant Research Centre, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mengdi Xu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuobin Liang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Farideh Razi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular—Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Hashemi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen, China
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular—Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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206
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Li J, Lv JL, Cao XY, Zhang HP, Tan YJ, Chu T, Zhao LL, Liu Z, Ren YS. Gut microbiota dysbiosis as an inflammaging condition that regulates obesity-related retinopathy and nephropathy. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1040846. [PMID: 36406423 PMCID: PMC9666733 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1040846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-specific microvascular disease is a leading cause of blindness, renal failure and nerve damage. Epidemiological data demonstrated that the high morbidity of T2DM occurs as a result of obesity and gradually develops into serious complications. To date, the mechanisms that underlie this observation are still ill-defined. In view of the effect of obesity on the gut microflora, Leprdb/db mice underwent antibiotic treatment and microbiota transplants to modify the gut microbiome to investigate whether microbes are involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and/or diabetic retinopathy (DR). The mouse feces were collected for bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Cytokines including TNF-α, TGF-β1, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-10, and VEGFA were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, real-time PCR and immunofluorescent assay. Eyes and kidney were collected for histopathological assay. Intestinal permeability was also detected using Evans Blue. The results showed that obesity influenced metabolic variables (including fast/fed glucose, insulin, and triglyceride), retinopathy and nephropathy, and the gut microbiota. Obesity mainly reduced the ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes and influenced relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Spirochetes. Obesity also increased intestinal permeability, metabolic endotoxemia, cytokines, and VEGFA. Microbiota transplants confirm that obesity aggravates retinopathy and nephropathy through the gut microbiota. These findings suggest that obesity exacerbates retinopathy and nephropathy by inducing gut microbiota dysbiosis, which further enhanced intestinal permeability and chronic low-grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jun-lin Lv
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xin-yue Cao
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hai-ping Zhang
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu-jun Tan
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Ting Chu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li-li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China,*Correspondence: Zhong Liu,
| | - Yu-shan Ren
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,Yu-shan Ren,
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207
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Bodur C, Kazyken D, Huang K, Tooley AS, Cho KW, Barnes TM, Lumeng CN, Myers MG, Fingar DC. TBK1-mTOR Signaling Attenuates Obesity-Linked Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance. Diabetes 2022; 71:2297-2312. [PMID: 35983955 PMCID: PMC9630091 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune kinase TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase 1) responds to microbial-derived signals to initiate responses against viral and bacterial pathogens. More recent work implicates TBK1 in metabolism and tumorigenesis. The kinase mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) integrates diverse environmental cues to control fundamental cellular processes. Our prior work demonstrated in cells that TBK1 phosphorylates mTOR (on S2159) to increase mTORC1 and mTORC2 catalytic activity and signaling. Here we investigate a role for TBK1-mTOR signaling in control of glucose metabolism in vivo. We find that mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO) but not lean mice bearing a whole-body "TBK1-resistant" Mtor S2159A knock-in allele (MtorA/A) display exacerbated hyperglycemia and systemic insulin resistance with no change in energy balance. Mechanistically, Mtor S2159A knock-in in DIO mice reduces mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling in response to insulin and innate immune agonists, reduces anti-inflammatory gene expression in adipose tissue, and blunts anti-inflammatory macrophage M2 polarization, phenotypes shared by mice with tissue-specific inactivation of TBK1 or mTOR complexes. Tissues from DIO mice display elevated TBK1 activity and mTOR S2159 phosphorylation relative to lean mice. We propose a model whereby obesity-associated signals increase TBK1 activity and mTOR phosphorylation, which boost mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling in parallel to the insulin pathway, thereby attenuating insulin resistance to improve glycemic control during diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagri Bodur
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Dubek Kazyken
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Kezhen Huang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Aaron Seth Tooley
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Kae Won Cho
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Tammy M. Barnes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Carey N. Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Martin G. Myers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Diane C. Fingar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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208
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Krieg L, Didt K, Karkossa I, Bernhart SH, Kehr S, Subramanian N, Lindhorst A, Schaudinn A, Tabei S, Keller M, Stumvoll M, Dietrich A, von Bergen M, Stadler PF, Laurencikiene J, Krüger M, Blüher M, Gericke M, Schubert K, Kovacs P, Chakaroun R, Massier L. Multiomics reveal unique signatures of human epiploic adipose tissue related to systemic insulin resistance. Gut 2022; 71:2179-2193. [PMID: 34598978 PMCID: PMC9554031 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human white adipose tissue (AT) is a metabolically active organ with distinct depot-specific functions. Despite their locations close to the gastrointestinal tract, mesenteric AT and epiploic AT (epiAT) have only scarcely been investigated. Here, we aim to characterise these ATs in-depth and estimate their contribution to alterations in whole-body metabolism. DESIGN Mesenteric, epiploic, omental and abdominal subcutaneous ATs were collected from 70 patients with obesity undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. The metabolically well-characterised cohort included nine subjects with insulin sensitive (IS) obesity, whose AT samples were analysed in a multiomics approach, including methylome, transcriptome and proteome along with samples from subjects with insulin resistance (IR) matched for age, sex and body mass index (n=9). Findings implying differences between AT depots in these subgroups were validated in the entire cohort (n=70) by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS While mesenteric AT exhibited signatures similar to those found in the omental depot, epiAT was distinct from all other studied fat depots. Multiomics allowed clear discrimination between the IS and IR states in all tissues. The highest discriminatory power between IS and IR was seen in epiAT, where profound differences in the regulation of developmental, metabolic and inflammatory pathways were observed. Gene expression levels of key molecules involved in AT function, metabolic homeostasis and inflammation revealed significant depot-specific differences with epiAT showing the highest expression levels. CONCLUSION Multi-omics epiAT signatures reflect systemic IR and obesity subphenotypes distinct from other fat depots. Our data suggest a previously unrecognised role of human epiploic fat in the context of obesity, impaired insulin sensitivity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Krieg
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Didt
- Department for Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabel Karkossa
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan H Bernhart
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kehr
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Lindhorst
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Schaudinn
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shirin Tabei
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maria Keller
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arne Dietrich
- Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation and Thorax and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany,Faculty of Life Science, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter F Stadler
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Martin Krüger
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Gericke
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung eV, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rima Chakaroun
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lucas Massier
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden .,Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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209
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Ni Y, Zhuge F, Ni L, Nagata N, Yamashita T, Mukaida N, Kaneko S, Ota T, Nagashimada M. CX3CL1/CX3CR1 interaction protects against lipotoxicity-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating macrophage migration and M1/M2 status. Metabolism 2022; 136:155272. [PMID: 35914622 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1) and its receptor CX3CR1 regulate the migration and activation of immune cells and are involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but the mechanism remains elusive. Here, the roles of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in the macrophage migration and polarization in the livers of NASH mice were investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression of Cx3cl1 and Cx3cr1 was markedly upregulated in the livers of lipotoxicity-induced NASH mice. CX3CR1 was predominantly expressed by F4/80+ macrophages and to a lesser degree by hepatic stellate cells or endothelial cells in the livers of NASH mice. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that, compared with chow-fed mice, NASH mice exhibited a significant increase in CX3CR1+ expression by liver macrophages (LMs), particularly M1 LMs. CX3CR1 deficiency caused a significant increase in inflammatory monocyte/macrophage infiltration and a shift toward M1 dominant macrophages in the liver, thereby exacerbating the progression of NASH. Moreover, transplantation of Cx3cr1-/- bone marrow was sufficient to cause glucose intolerance, inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver. In addition, deletion of CCL2 in Cx3cr1-/- mice alleviated NASH progression by decreasing macrophage infiltration and inducing a shift toward M2 dominant LMs. Importantly, overexpression of CX3CL1 in vivo protected against hepatic fibrosis in NASH. CONCLUSION Pharmacological therapy targeting liver CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling might be a candidate for the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Ni
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China; Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Fen Zhuge
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan; Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
| | - Liyang Ni
- Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Nagata
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Tsuguhito Ota
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nagashimada
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan; Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.
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210
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Zhang Z, Wang J, Lin Y, Chen J, Liu J, Zhang X. Nutritional activities of luteolin in obesity and associated metabolic diseases: an eye on adipose tissues. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4016-4030. [PMID: 36300856 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2138257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by excessive body fat accumulation and is a high-risk factor for metabolic comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. In lean individuals, adipose tissue (AT) is not only an important regulatory organ for energy storage and metabolism, but also an indispensable immune and endocrine organ. The sustained energy imbalance induces adipocyte hypotrophy and hyperplasia as well as AT remodeling, accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation and adipocytes dysfunction in AT, ultimately leading to systemic insulin resistance and ectopic lipid deposition. Luteolin is a natural flavonoid widely distributed in fruits and vegetables and possesses multifold biological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. Diet supplementation of this flavonoid has been reported to inhibit AT lipogenesis and inflammation as well as the ectopic lipid deposition, increase AT thermogenesis and systemic energy expenditure, and finally improve obesity and associated metabolic diseases. The purpose of this review is to reveal the nutritional activities of luteolin in obesity and its complications with emphasis on its action on AT energy metabolism, immunoregulation, and endocrine intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Mentxaka A, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Ramírez B, Rodríguez A, Becerril S, Neira G, Valentí V, Moncada R, Silva C, Unamuno X, Cienfuegos JA, Escalada J, Frühbeck G, Catalán V. Netrin-1 Promotes Visceral Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Obesity and Is Associated with Insulin Resistance. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204372. [PMID: 36297056 PMCID: PMC9611559 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Netrin (NTN)-1 exhibits pro- and anti-inflammatory roles in different settings, playing important roles in the obesity-associated low-grade chronic inflammation. We aimed to determine the impact of NTN-1 on obesity and obesity-associated type 2 diabetes, as well as its role in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation. A total of 91 subjects were enrolled in this case-control study. Circulating levels of NTN-1 and its receptor neogenin (NEO)-1 were determined before and after weight loss achieved by caloric restriction and bariatric surgery. mRNA levels of NTN1 and NEO1 were assessed in human VAT, liver, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In vitro studies in human visceral adipocytes and human monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1)-derived macrophages were performed to analyze the impact of inflammation-related mediators on the gene expression levels of NTN1 and its receptor NEO1 as well as the effect of NTN-1 on inflammation. Increased (p < 0.001) circulating concentrations of NTN-1 in obesity decreased (p < 0.05) after diet-induced weight loss being also associated with a reduction in glucose (p < 0.01) and insulin levels (p < 0.05). Gene expression levels of NTN1 and NEO1 were upregulated (p < 0.05) in the VAT from patients with obesity with the highest expression in the stromovascular fraction cells compared with mature adipocytes (p < 0.01). NTN1 expression levels were enhanced (p < 0.01) under hypoxia and by inflammatory factors in both adipocytes and macrophages. Adipocyte-conditioned media strongly upregulated (p < 0.001) the mRNA levels of NTN1 in macrophages. The treatment of adipocytes with NTN-1 promoted the upregulation (p < 0.05) of pro-inflammatory and chemotactic molecules as well as its receptor NEO1. Collectively, these findings suggest that NTN-1 regulates VAT chronic inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaia Mentxaka
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ramírez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Becerril
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gabriela Neira
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Víctor Valentí
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Moncada
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Anesthesia, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Camilo Silva
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Xabier Unamuno
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Javier Escalada
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.F.); (V.C.); Tel.: +34-948-25-54-00 (ext. 4484) (G.F.)
| | - Victoria Catalán
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.F.); (V.C.); Tel.: +34-948-25-54-00 (ext. 4484) (G.F.)
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Functional Complementation of Anti-Adipogenic Phytonutrients for Obesity Prevention and Management. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204325. [PMID: 36297009 PMCID: PMC9609749 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an established risk factor for metabolic disease. This study explores the functional complementation of anti-adipogenic phytonutrients for obesity prevention and management. Nine phytonutrients were selected based on their ability to affect the expression of one or more selected adipogenic biomarker proteins. The phytonutrients include berberine, luteolin, resveratrol, fisetin, quercetin, fucoidan, epigallocatechin gallate, hesperidin, and curcumin. The selected adipogenic biomarker proteins include PPARɣ, SREBP1c, FASN, PLIN1, FABP4, and β-catenin. Individually, phytonutrients had variable effects on the expression level of selected adipogenic biomarker proteins. Collectively, the functional complementation of nine phytonutrients suppressed de novo fatty acid biosynthesis via the negative regulation of PPARɣ, FASN, PLIN1, and FABP4 expression; activated glycolysis via the positive regulation of SREBP1c expression; and preserved cell–cell adhesion via the inhibition of β-catenin degradation. In primary human subcutaneous preadipocytes, the composition of nine phytonutrients had more potent and longer lasting anti-adipogenic effects compared to individual phytonutrients. In a diet-induced obesity murine model, the composition of nine phytonutrients improved glucose tolerance and reduced weight gain, liver steatosis, visceral adiposity, circulating triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The functional complementation of anti-adipogenic phytonutrients provides an effective approach toward engineering novel therapeutics for the prevention and management of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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213
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Menendez A, Wanczyk H, Walker J, Zhou B, Santos M, Finck C. Obesity and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction: From Pediatrics to Adults. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101866. [PMID: 36292751 PMCID: PMC9601855 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health problem that affects both children and adults. The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity is associated with comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome due to chronic low-grade inflammation present at early stages of the disease. In pediatric patients suffering from obesity, the role of epigenetics, the gut microbiome and intrauterine environment have emerged as causative factors Interestingly, pediatric obesity is strongly associated with low birth weight. Accelerated weight gain oftentimes occurs in these individuals during the post-natal period, which can lead to increased risk of adiposity and metabolic disease. The pathophysiology of obesity is complex and involves biological and physiological factors compounded by societal factors such as family and community. On a cellular level, adipocytes contained within adipose tissue become dysregulated and further contribute to development of comorbidities similar to those present in adults with obesity. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of adipose tissue immune, inflammatory and metabolic adaptation of the adipose tissue in obesity. Early cellular changes as well as the role of immune cells and inflammation on the progression of disease in pivotal pediatric clinical trials, adult studies and mouse models are emphasized. Understanding the initial molecular and cellular changes that occur during obesity can facilitate new and improved treatments aimed at early intervention and subsequent prevention of adulthood comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Menendez
- Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Heather Wanczyk
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Pediatrics, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Joanne Walker
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Pediatrics, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Beiyan Zhou
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Immunology, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Melissa Santos
- Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Psychology and Director of the Obesity Center, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Christine Finck
- Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Department of Surgery and Pediatric Bariatric Surgery, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +860-545-9520
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214
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Sarmiento-Ortega VE, Moroni-González D, Díaz A, Eduardo B, Samuel T. Oral Subacute Exposure to Cadmium LOAEL Dose Induces Insulin Resistance and Impairment of the Hormonal and Metabolic Liver-Adipose Axis in Wistar Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4370-4384. [PMID: 34846673 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a nonessential transition metal considered one of the more hazardous environmental contaminants. The population is chronically exposed to this metal at low concentrations, designated as the LOAEL (lowest observable adverse effect level) dose. We aimed to investigate whether oral subacute exposure to cadmium LOAEL disrupts hormonal and metabolic effects of the liver-adipose axis in Wistar rats. Fifty male Wistar rats were separated into two groups: control (standard normocalorie diet + water free of cadmium) and cadmium (standard normocalorie diet + drinking water with 32.5 ppm CdCl2). After 1 month, zoometry, a serum lipid panel, adipokines, and proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated. Tests of glucose and insulin tolerance (ITT) and insulin resistance were performed. Histological studies on structure, triglyceride distribution, and protein expression of the insulin pathway were performed in the liver and retroperitoneal adipose tissue. In both tissues, the cadmium, triglyceride, glycogen, and proinflammatory cytokine contents were also quantified. The cadmium group developed dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperleptinemia, inflammation, and selective insulin resistance in the liver and adipose tissue. In the liver, glycogen synthesis was diminished, while de novo lipogenesis increased, which was associated with low GSK3β-pS9 and strong expression of SREBP-1c. Dysfunctional adipose tissue was observed with hypertrophy and lipolysis, without changes in SREBP-1c expression and low glycogen synthesis. Both tissues accumulated cadmium and developed inflammation. In conclusion, oral subacute cadmium LOAEL dose exposure induces inflammation, insulin signaling modifications, an early insulin resistance stage (insensibility), and impairment of the hormonal and metabolic liver-adipose axis in Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Enrique Sarmiento-Ortega
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 South, FCQ1, University City, C.P.72560, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Diana Moroni-González
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 South, FCQ1, University City, C.P.72560, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Díaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Autonomous University of Puebla, 22 South, FC91, University City, C.P. 72560, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Brambila Eduardo
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 South, FCQ1, University City, C.P.72560, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Treviño Samuel
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 South, FCQ1, University City, C.P.72560, Puebla, Mexico.
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215
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Buonaiuto R, Napolitano F, Parola S, De Placido P, Forestieri V, Pecoraro G, Servetto A, Formisano L, Formisano P, Giuliano M, Arpino G, De Placido S, De Angelis C. Insight on the Role of Leptin: A Bridge from Obesity to Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101394. [PMID: 36291602 PMCID: PMC9599120 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a peptide hormone, mainly known for its role as a mediator of adipose tissue endocrine functions, such as appetite control and energy homeostasis. In addition, leptin signaling is involved in several physiological processes as modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses and regulation of sex hormone levels. When adipose tissue expands, an imbalance of adipokines secretion may occur and increasing leptin levels contribute to promoting a chronic inflammatory state, which is largely acknowledged as a hallmark of cancer. Indeed, upon binding its receptor (LEPR), leptin activates several oncogenic pathways, such as JAK/STAT, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT, and seems to affect cancer immune response by inducing a proinflammatory immune polarization and eventually enhancing T-cell exhaustion. In particular, obesity-associated hyperleptinemia has been related to breast cancer risk development, although the underlying mechanism is yet to be completely clarified and needs to be deemed in light of multiple variables, such as menopausal state and immune response. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the potential role of leptin as a bridge between obesity and breast cancer and to establish the physio-pathological basis of the linkage between these major health concerns in order to identify appropriate and novel therapeutic strategies to adopt in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Buonaiuto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Napolitano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Parola
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Forestieri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pecoraro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Servetto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Formisano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Giuliano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Grazia Arpino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
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216
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Torularhodin Alleviates Hepatic Dyslipidemia and Inflammations in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice via PPARα Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196398. [PMID: 36234935 PMCID: PMC9572851 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Torularhodin is a β-carotene-like compound from Sporidiobolus pararoseus, and its protective effect against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic dyslipidemia and inflammation was investigated. Compared to mice of C57BL/6J fed on HFD, the addition of Torularhodin into the HFD (HFD-T) significantly reduced body weight, serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and the inflammatory mediators of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A significant increase of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), which is beneficial to cholesterol clearance, was also observed in HFD-T group. Proteomic analysis showed HDL-C-c is highly correlated with proteins (e.g., CPT1A and CYP7A1) involved in lipid β-oxidation and bile acid synthesis, whereas the other phenotypic parameters (TC, TG, LDL, and inflammatory cytokines) are highly associated with proteins (e.g., SLC27A4) involved in lipid-uptake. The up-regulated anti-inflammation proteins FAS, BAX, ICAM1, OCLN, GSTP1, FAF1, LRP1, APEX1, ROCK1, MANF, STAT3, and INSR and down-regulated pro-inflammatory proteins OPTN, PTK2B, FADD, MIF, CASP3, YAP1, DNM1L, and NAMPT not only demonstrate the occurrence of HFD-induced hepatic inflammation, but also prove the anti-inflammatory property of Torularhodin. KEGG signaling pathway analysis revealed that the PPARα signaling pathway is likely fundamental to the health function of Torularhodin through up-regulating genes related to fatty acid β-oxidation, cholesterol excretion, HDL-Cc formation, and anti-inflammation. Torularhodin, as a new food resource, may act as a therapeutic agent to prevent hepatic dyslipidemia and related inflammation for improved health.
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217
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Abstract
We are host to an assembly of microorganisms that vary in structure and function along the length of the gut and from the lumen to the mucosa. This ecosystem is collectively known as the gut microbiota and significant efforts have been spent during the past 2 decades to catalog and functionally describe the normal gut microbiota and how it varies during a wide spectrum of disease states. The gut microbiota is altered in several cardiometabolic diseases and recent work has established microbial signatures that may advance disease. However, most research has focused on identifying associations between the gut microbiota and human diseases states and to investigate causality and potential mechanisms using cells and animals. Since the gut microbiota functions on the intersection between diet and host metabolism, and can contribute to inflammation, several microbially produced metabolites and molecules may modulate cardiometabolic diseases. Here we discuss how the gut bacterial composition is altered in, and can contribute to, cardiometabolic disease, as well as how the gut bacteria can be targeted to treat and prevent metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E Olofsson
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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218
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Majaj M, Weckbach LT. Midkine—A novel player in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1003104. [PMID: 36204583 PMCID: PMC9530663 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1003104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Midkine (MK) is a 13-kDa heparin-binding cytokine and growth factor with anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic, pro-inflammatory and anti-infective functions, that enable it to partake in a series of physiological and pathophysiological processes. In the past, research revolving around MK has concentrated on its roles in reproduction and development, tissue protection and repair as well as inflammatory and malignant processes. In the recent few years, MK's implication in a wide scope of cardiovascular diseases has been rigorously investigated. Nonetheless, there is still no broadly accepted consensus on whether MK exerts generally detrimental or favorable effects in cardiovascular diseases. The truth probably resides somewhere in-between and depends on the underlying physiological or pathophysiological condition. It is therefore crucial to thoroughly examine and appraise MK's participation in cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we introduce the MK gene and protein, its multiple receptors and signaling pathways along with its expression in the vascular system and its most substantial functions in cardiovascular biology. Further, we recapitulate the current evidence of MK's expression in cardiovascular diseases, addressing the various sources and modes of MK expression. Moreover, we summarize the most significant implications of MK in cardiovascular diseases with particular emphasis on MK's advantageous and injurious functions, highlighting its ample diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Also, we focus on conflicting roles of MK in a number of cardiovascular diseases and try to provide some clarity and guidance to MK's multifaceted roles. In summary, we aim to pave the way for MK-based diagnostics and therapies that could present promising tools in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Majaj
- Walter Brendel Centre for Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Centre, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology und Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Marina Majaj ;
| | - Ludwig T. Weckbach
- Walter Brendel Centre for Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Centre, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology und Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e. V, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ludwig T. Weckbach
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219
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Zhang SZ, Liang PP, Feng YN, Yin GL, Sun FC, Ma CQ, Zhang FX. Therapeutic potential and research progress of diosgenin for lipid metabolism diseases. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1725-1738. [PMID: 36126194 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, is a natural product found in many plants. Diosgenin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, and has been used to treat cancer, nervous system diseases, inflammation, and infections. Numerous studies have shown that diosgenin has potential therapeutic value for lipid metabolism diseases via various pathways and mechanisms, such as controlling lipid synthesis, absorption, and inhibition of oxidative stress. These mechanisms and pathways have provided ideas for researchers to develop related drugs. In this review, we focus on data from animal and clinical studies, summarizing the toxicity of diosgenin, its pharmacological mechanism, recent research advances, and the related mechanisms of diosgenin as a drug for the treatment of lipid metabolism, especially in obesity, hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. This systematic review will briefly describe the advantages of diosgenin as a potential therapeutic drug and seek to enhance our understanding of the pharmacological mechanism, recipe-construction, and the development of novel therapeutics against lipid metabolism diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Zhao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng-Peng Liang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ya-Nan Feng
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guo-Liang Yin
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Feng-Cui Sun
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chao-Qun Ma
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Feng-Xia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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220
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Yin X, Chen Y, Ruze R, Xu R, Song J, Wang C, Xu Q. The evolving view of thermogenic fat and its implications in cancer and metabolic diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:324. [PMID: 36114195 PMCID: PMC9481605 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe incidence of metabolism-related diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has reached pandemic levels worldwide and increased gradually. Most of them are listed on the table of high-risk factors for malignancy, and metabolic disorders systematically or locally contribute to cancer progression and poor prognosis of patients. Importantly, adipose tissue is fundamental to the occurrence and development of these metabolic disorders. White adipose tissue stores excessive energy, while thermogenic fat including brown and beige adipose tissue dissipates energy to generate heat. In addition to thermogenesis, beige and brown adipocytes also function as dynamic secretory cells and a metabolic sink of nutrients, like glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. Accordingly, strategies that activate and expand thermogenic adipose tissue offer therapeutic promise to combat overweight, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders through increasing energy expenditure and enhancing glucose tolerance. With a better understanding of its origins and biological functions and the advances in imaging techniques detecting thermogenesis, the roles of thermogenic adipose tissue in tumors have been revealed gradually. On the one hand, enhanced browning of subcutaneous fatty tissue results in weight loss and cancer-associated cachexia. On the other hand, locally activated thermogenic adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment accelerate cancer progression by offering fuel sources and is likely to develop resistance to chemotherapy. Here, we enumerate current knowledge about the significant advances made in the origin and physiological functions of thermogenic fat. In addition, we discuss the multiple roles of thermogenic adipocytes in different tumors. Ultimately, we summarize imaging technologies for identifying thermogenic adipose tissue and pharmacologic agents via modulating thermogenesis in preclinical experiments and clinical trials.
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Genetic pleiotropy underpinning adiposity and inflammation in self-identified Hispanic/Latino populations. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:192. [PMID: 36088317 PMCID: PMC9464371 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent variation in adiposity and inflammation suggests potential shared functional pathways and pleiotropic disease underpinning. Yet, exploration of pleiotropy in the context of adiposity-inflammation has been scarce, and none has included self-identified Hispanic/Latino populations. Given the high level of ancestral diversity in Hispanic American population, genetic studies may reveal variants that are infrequent/monomorphic in more homogeneous populations. METHODS Using multi-trait Adaptive Sum of Powered Score (aSPU) method, we examined individual and shared genetic effects underlying inflammatory (CRP) and adiposity-related traits (Body Mass Index [BMI]), and central adiposity (Waist to Hip Ratio [WHR]) in HLA participating in the Population Architecture Using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) cohort (N = 35,871) with replication of effects in the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC) which consists of Mexican American individuals. RESULTS Of the > 16 million SNPs tested, variants representing 7 independent loci were found to illustrate significant association with multiple traits. Two out of 7 variants were replicated at statistically significant level in multi-trait analyses in CCHC. The lead variant on APOE (rs439401) and rs11208712 were found to harbor multi-trait associations with adiposity and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Results from this study demonstrate the importance of considering pleiotropy for improving our understanding of the etiology of the various metabolic pathways that regulate cardiovascular disease development.
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Machado SA, Pasquarelli-do-Nascimento G, da Silva DS, Farias GR, de Oliveira Santos I, Baptista LB, Magalhães KG. Browning of the white adipose tissue regulation: new insights into nutritional and metabolic relevance in health and diseases. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:61. [PMID: 36068578 PMCID: PMC9446768 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00694-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissues are dynamic tissues that play crucial physiological roles in maintaining health and homeostasis. Although white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue are currently considered key endocrine organs, they differ functionally and morphologically. The existence of the beige or brite adipocytes, cells displaying intermediary characteristics between white and brown adipocytes, illustrates the plastic nature of the adipose tissue. These cells are generated through white adipose tissue browning, a process associated with augmented non-shivering thermogenesis and metabolic capacity. This process involves the upregulation of the uncoupling protein 1, a molecule that uncouples the respiratory chain from Adenosine triphosphate synthesis, producing heat. β-3 adrenergic receptor system is one important mediator of white adipose tissue browning, during cold exposure. Surprisingly, hyperthermia may also induce beige activation and white adipose tissue beiging. Physical exercising copes with increased levels of specific molecules, including Beta-Aminoisobutyric acid, irisin, and Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), which induce adipose tissue browning. FGF21 is a stress-responsive hormone that interacts with beta-klotho. The central roles played by hormones in the browning process highlight the relevance of the individual lifestyle, including circadian rhythm and diet. Circadian rhythm involves the sleep-wake cycle and is regulated by melatonin, a hormone associated with UCP1 level upregulation. In contrast to the pro-inflammatory and adipose tissue disrupting effects of the western diet, specific food items, including capsaicin and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and dietary interventions such as calorie restriction and intermittent fasting, favor white adipose tissue browning and metabolic efficiency. The intestinal microbiome has also been pictured as a key factor in regulating white tissue browning, as it modulates bile acid levels, important molecules for the thermogenic program activation. During embryogenesis, in which adipose tissue formation is affected by Bone morphogenetic proteins that regulate gene expression, the stimuli herein discussed influence an orchestra of gene expression regulators, including a plethora of transcription factors, and chromatin remodeling enzymes, and non-coding RNAs. Considering the detrimental effects of adipose tissue browning and the disparities between adipose tissue characteristics in mice and humans, further efforts will benefit a better understanding of adipose tissue plasticity biology and its applicability to managing the overwhelming burden of several chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Azevedo Machado
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Debora Santos da Silva
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ribeiro Farias
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Igor de Oliveira Santos
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Luana Borges Baptista
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Kelly Grace Magalhães
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Zhang H, Qiao L, Liu X, Han X, Kang J, Liu Y, Lin J, Yan X. Differential expression of Ago2-mediated microRNA signaling in adipose tissue is associated with food-induced obesity. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1828-1838. [PMID: 36062491 PMCID: PMC9527595 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a major component for the regulation of energy homeostasis by storage and release of lipids. As a core element of RNA-induced silencing complex, argonaute2 (Ago2) plays critical role in maintenance of systemic metabolic demand. Here, we show that high-fat-diet-fed mice exhibit an increase in body mass alongside systematic insulin resistance and altered rate of energy expenditure. Interestingly, Ago2 expression is associated with obesity and an increased amount of adipose tissue. Moreover, increased levels of Ago2 inhibited the expression of AMPKα by promoting its targeting by miR-148a, the most abundant microRNA in adipose tissues. Those results suggested that Ago2-miR-148a-AMPKα signaling pathway play an important function in the developing obesity and adiposity, and will further provide basic research data for the potential clinical treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansi Zhang
- School of Life Science and TechnologyXinxiang Medical UniversityChina,Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research CenterXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Liang Qiao
- School of Life Science and TechnologyXinxiang Medical UniversityChina,Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research CenterXinxiang Medical UniversityChina,Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell MedicineXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyXinxiang Medical UniversityChina,Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research CenterXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Xiaojing Han
- School of Life Science and TechnologyXinxiang Medical UniversityChina,Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research CenterXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Jing Kang
- School of Life Science and TechnologyXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Yanli Liu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyXinxiang Medical UniversityChina,Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research CenterXinxiang Medical UniversityChina,Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell MedicineXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Juntang Lin
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research CenterXinxiang Medical UniversityChina,Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell MedicineXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Xin Yan
- School of Life Science and TechnologyXinxiang Medical UniversityChina,Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research CenterXinxiang Medical UniversityChina,Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell MedicineXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
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Rodríguez‐García C, Sánchez‐Quesada C, Algarra I, Gaforio JJ. Differential Immunometabolic Effects of High-Fat Diets Containing Coconut, Sunflower, and Extra Virgin Olive Oils in Female Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200082. [PMID: 35848367 PMCID: PMC9787653 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE To compare the effects of three high-fat diets (HFDs) based on coconut, sunflower, or extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) on adipose tissue, metabolism, and inflammation. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed for 16 weeks on their respective HFD. HFD based on coconut oil produces significantly lower body weight than EVOO- or sunflower oil-based HFDs. Furthermore, the coconut oil HFD leads to metabolic disturbances such as reduction of circulating leptin and adiponectin concentrations, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatomegaly, and liver triglyceride accumulation. Likewise, this diet produces an increase in serum pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 [IL-6] and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]). In white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissue, the HFD based on coconut oil does not cause significant changes in the expression of studied proteins related to thermogenesis (uncoupling protein 1 [UCP-1]), mitochondrial biogenesis, and browning (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α [PGC-1α] and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 [Nrf2]). However, the HFD based on EVOO induces upregulation of UCP-1, PGC-1α, and Nrf2 expression in BAT, increases the expression of UCP-1 and PGC-1α in inguinal WAT, and enhances the expression of PGC-1α in epididymal WAT. CONCLUSIONS An HFD based on coconut oil could reduce circulating leptin and adiponectin concentrations, increase the liver fat content, raise serum triglycerides, and promote inflammation by increasing circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, while an EVOO-based HFD could increase thermogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rodríguez‐García
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental SciencesUniversity of JaénJaén23071Spain,University Institute of Research in Olive Groves and Olive Oils University of JaenCampus las Lagunillas, s/nJaén23071Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez‐Quesada
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental SciencesUniversity of JaénJaén23071Spain,University Institute of Research in Olive Groves and Olive Oils University of JaenCampus las Lagunillas, s/nJaén23071Spain,Agri‐food Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3)Córdoba14071Spain
| | - Ignacio Algarra
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental SciencesUniversity of JaénJaén23071Spain
| | - José J. Gaforio
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental SciencesUniversity of JaénJaén23071Spain,University Institute of Research in Olive Groves and Olive Oils University of JaenCampus las Lagunillas, s/nJaén23071Spain,Agri‐food Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3)Córdoba14071Spain,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBER‐ESP)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid28029Spain
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225
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Deng H, Li Xu, Ju J, Mo X, Ge G, Zhu X. Multifunctional nanoprobes for macrophage imaging. Biomaterials 2022; 290:121824. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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226
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Peltzer N. Linear ubiquitin as a common regulator of cellular stress. FEBS J 2022; 289:5176-5179. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.16427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Peltzer
- Faculty of Medicine Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne Department of Translational Genomics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD) Research Center University of Cologne Germany
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227
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Chen Y, Wu Z, Huang S, Wang X, He S, Liu L, Hu Y, Chen L, Chen P, Liu S, He S, Shan B, Zheng L, Duan SZ, Song Z, Jiang L, Wang QA, Gan Z, Song BL, Liu J, Rui L, Shao M, Liu Y. Adipocyte IRE1α promotes PGC1α mRNA decay and restrains adaptive thermogenesis. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1166-1184. [PMID: 36123394 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue undergoes thermogenic remodeling in response to thermal stress and metabolic cues, playing a crucial role in regulating energy expenditure and metabolic homeostasis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with adipose dysfunction in obesity and metabolic disease. It remains unclear, however, if ER stress-signaling in adipocytes mechanistically mediates dysregulation of thermogenic fat. Here we show that inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), a key ER stress sensor and signal transducer, acts in both white and beige adipocytes to impede beige fat activation. Ablation of adipocyte IRE1α promotes browning/beiging of subcutaneous white adipose tissue following cold exposure or β3-adrenergic stimulation. Loss of IRE1α alleviates diet-induced obesity and augments the anti-obesity effect of pharmacologic β3-adrenergic stimulation. Notably, IRE1α suppresses stimulated lipolysis and degrades Ppargc1a messenger RNA through its RNase activity to downregulate the thermogenic gene program. Hence, blocking IRE1α bears therapeutic potential in unlocking adipocytes' thermogenic capacity to combat obesity and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuyin Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijia Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijia He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Department of Spine Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yurong Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Songzi Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengqi He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Shan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Duan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyin Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Qiong A Wang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Zhenji Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Department of Spine Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bao-Liang Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianmiao Liu
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangyou Rui
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, the University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mengle Shao
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; The Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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228
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Polat SHB, Dariyerli ND. A Physiological Approach to Inflammatory Markers in Obesity. Biomark Med 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815040463122010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most critical health problems all over the world; it is
associated with metabolic dysfunction and overnutrition. Changes in the physiological
function of adipose tissue, leading to altered secretion of adipocytokines, inflammatory
mediators release, and chronic low-grade inflammation, are seen in obesity.
Macrophages, neutrophils, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, natural killer T (NKT)
cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and adipocytes are involved in the inflammatory response
that occurs during obesity. Various inflammatory markers are released from these cells.
In this chapter, we will mention inflammatory mechanisms and markers of obesity.
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Li Z, Zhang J, Duan X, Zhao G, Zhang M. Celastrol: A Promising Agent Fighting against Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081597. [PMID: 36009315 PMCID: PMC9405053 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide; therefore, seeking effective therapeutics to reduce the global burden of CVD has become increasingly urgent. Celastrol, a bioactive compound isolated from the roots of the plant Tripterygium wilfordii (TW), has been attracting increasing research attention in recent years, as it exerts cardiovascular treatment benefits targeting both CVD and their associated risk factors. Substantial evidence has revealed a protective role of celastrol against a broad spectrum of CVD including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular injury, calcific aortic valve disease and heart failure through complicated and interlinked mechanisms such as direct protection against cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, and indirect action on oxidation and inflammation. This review will mainly summarize the beneficial effects of celastrol against CVD, largely based on in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies, and the potential underlying mechanisms. We will also briefly discuss celastrol’s pharmacokinetic limitations, which hamper its further clinical applications, and prospective future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhexi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Xulei Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Guoan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-207848-5319; Fax: +44-207848-5193
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Richter HJ, Hauck AK, Batmanov K, Inoue SI, So BN, Kim M, Emmett MJ, Cohen RN, Lazar MA. Balanced control of thermogenesis by nuclear receptor corepressors in brown adipose tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205276119. [PMID: 35939699 PMCID: PMC9388101 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205276119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a key thermogenic organ whose expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and ability to maintain body temperature in response to acute cold exposure require histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). HDAC3 exists in tight association with nuclear receptor corepressors (NCoRs) NCoR1 and NCoR2 (also known as silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid receptors [SMRT]), but the functions of NCoR1/2 in BAT have not been established. Here we report that as expected, genetic loss of NCoR1/2 in BAT (NCoR1/2 BAT-dKO) leads to loss of HDAC3 activity. In addition, HDAC3 is no longer bound at its physiological genomic sites in the absence of NCoR1/2, leading to a shared deregulation of BAT lipid metabolism between NCoR1/2 BAT-dKO and HDAC3 BAT-KO mice. Despite these commonalities, loss of NCoR1/2 in BAT does not phenocopy the cold sensitivity observed in HDAC3 BAT-KO, nor does loss of either corepressor alone. Instead, BAT lacking NCoR1/2 is inflamed, particularly with respect to the interleukin-17 axis that increases thermogenic capacity by enhancing innervation. Integration of BAT RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data revealed that NCoR1/2 directly regulate Mmp9, which integrates extracellular matrix remodeling and inflammation. These findings reveal pleiotropic functions of the NCoR/HDAC3 corepressor complex in BAT, such that HDAC3-independent suppression of BAT inflammation counterbalances stimulation of HDAC3 activity in the control of thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J. Richter
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Amy K. Hauck
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kirill Batmanov
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Shin-Ichi Inoue
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Bethany N. So
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Mindy Kim
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Matthew J. Emmett
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ronald N. Cohen
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Mitchell A. Lazar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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231
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Oh S, Kim HM, Batsukh S, Sun HJ, Kim T, Kang D, Son KH, Byun K. High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Induces Adipogenesis via Control of Cilia in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168866. [PMID: 36012125 PMCID: PMC9408610 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During skin aging, the volume of subcutaneous adipose tissue (sWAT) and the adipogenesis potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) decrease. It is known that the shortening of cilia length by pro-inflammatory cytokines is related to the decreased adipogenic differentiation of ASCs via increase in Wnt5a/β-catenin. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is known to upregulate heat shock proteins (HSP), which decrease levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we evaluated whether HIFU modulates the cilia of ASCs by upregulating HSP70 and decreasing inflammatory cytokines. HIFU was applied at 0.2 J to rat skin, which was harvested at 1, 3, 7, and 28 days. All results for HIFU-applied animals were compared with control animals that were not treated. HIFU increased expression of HSP70 and decreased expression of NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α in sWAT. HIFU decreased the expression of cilia disassembly-related factors (AurA and HDAC9) in ASCs. Furthermore, HIFU increased the expression of cilia assembly-related factors (KIF3A and IFT88), decreased that of WNT5A/β-catenin, and increased that of the adipogenesis markers PPARγ and CEBPα in sWAT. HIFU increased the number of adipocytes in the sWAT and the thickness of sWAT. In conclusion, HIFU could selectively increase sWAT levels by modulating the cilia of ASCs and be used for skin rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Oh
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Hyoung Moon Kim
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Sosorburam Batsukh
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Kuk Hui Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.H.S.); (K.B.); Tel.: +82-32-460-3666 (K.H.S.); +82-32-899-6511 (K.B.)
| | - Kyunghee Byun
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.H.S.); (K.B.); Tel.: +82-32-460-3666 (K.H.S.); +82-32-899-6511 (K.B.)
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232
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García-García I, Michaud A, Jurado MÁ, Dagher A, Morys F. Mechanisms linking obesity and its metabolic comorbidities with cerebral grey and white matter changes. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:833-843. [PMID: 35059979 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a preventable risk factor for cerebrovascular disorders and it is associated with cerebral grey and white matter changes. Specifically, individuals with obesity show diminished grey matter volume and thickness, which seems to be more prominent among fronto-temporal regions in the brain. At the same time, obesity is associated with lower microstructural white matter integrity, and it has been found to precede increases in white matter hyperintensity load. To date, however, it is unclear whether these findings can be attributed solely to obesity or whether they are a consequence of cardiometabolic complications that often co-exist with obesity, such as low-grade systemic inflammation, hypertension, insulin resistance, or dyslipidemia. In this narrative review we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential impact of obesity and a number of its cardiometabolic consequences on brain integrity, both separately and in synergy with each other. We also identify current gaps in knowledge and outline recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel García-García
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - María Ángeles Jurado
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Alain Dagher
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Filip Morys
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Abstract
Adipose tissue is a complex heterogeneous tissue composed of adipocytes along with several non-adipocyte populations, including blood, stromal, endothelial, and progenitor cells, as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) components. As obesity progresses, the adipose tissue expands dynamically through adipocyte hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia. This expansion requires continuous ECM remodeling to properly accommodate the size increase as well as functional changes. Upon reaching a hypertrophic threshold beyond the adipocyte buffering capacity, excess ECM components are deposited, causing fibrosis and ultimately resulting in unhealthy metabolic maladaptation. These complex ECM remodeling processes in adipose tissues are regulated by the local environment, several key mediators, and genetic factors that are closely linked to insulin sensitivity. It is crucial to understand how adipocytes interact with nonadipocyte populations and various mediators (i.e., immune cells, ECM components, and adipokines) during these processes. This mini-review provides an overview of the latest research into the biology of obesity-induced adipose tissue fibrosis and its related clinical manifestations, providing insight for further studies aimed at controlling metabolic syndrome and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Hasegawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
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234
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Small fragments of hyaluronan are increased in individuals with obesity and contribute to low-grade inflammation through TLR-mediated activation of innate immune cells. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1960-1969. [PMID: 35896710 PMCID: PMC9584819 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim Extracellular matrix (ECM) components released during excessive fat mass expansion are considered potential endogenous danger/alarm signals contributing to innate immune system activation. The aim of the current study was to specifically measure plasma levels of low molecular weight (LMW) hyaluronan (HA) and to evaluate its role as pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) on leukocyte response in the context of human obesity. Subjects and methods Participants were selected according to their body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) as non-obese (BMI < 29.9, n = 18) and obese (BMI > 29.9, n = 33). Plasma samples were size-dependent fractionated using ion-exchange chromatography to specifically obtain LMW HA fractions that were subsequently quantified by ELISA. Cell incubation experiments with synthetic HA molecules were performed on freshly Ficoll-isolated neutrophils (PMN) and peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC). Leukocyte and adipose tissue gene expression was assessed by real-time PCR and NF-κB activation by western blot. Plasma cytokine levels were measured by fluorescent bead-based (Luminex) immunoassay. Results We observed a statistically significant increase in the circulating levels of HA fragments of LMW in individuals with obesity which were consistent with significant up-regulated expression of the LMW HA synthesizing enzyme hyaluronan synthase-1 (HAS-1) in obese adipose tissue. Gene expression assessment of HA receptors revealed up-regulated levels for TLR2 in both obese PMN and PBMC. Synthetic HA molecules of different sizes were tested on leukocytes from healthy donors. LMW HA fragments (15–40 kDa) and not those from intermediate molecular sizes (75–350 kDa) induced a significant up-regulation of the expression of major pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, MCP-1 and IL-8 in PBMC. Importantly, LMW HA was able to induce the phosphorylation of IKK α/β complex supporting its pro-inflammatory role through NF-κB activation. Conclusion Circulating LMW HA molecules are elevated in obesity and may play an important role in triggering low-grade inflammation and the development of metabolic complications.
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235
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Lecoutre S, Lambert M, Drygalski K, Dugail I, Maqdasy S, Hautefeuille M, Clément K. Importance of the Microenvironment and Mechanosensing in Adipose Tissue Biology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152310. [PMID: 35954152 PMCID: PMC9367348 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The expansion of adipose tissue is an adaptive mechanism that increases nutrient buffering capacity in response to an overall positive energy balance. Over the course of expansion, the adipose microenvironment undergoes continual remodeling to maintain its structural and functional integrity. However, in the long run, adipose tissue remodeling, typically characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, immune cells infiltration, fibrosis and changes in vascular architecture, generates mechanical stress on adipose cells. This mechanical stimulus is then transduced into a biochemical signal that alters adipose function through mechanotransduction. In this review, we describe the physical changes occurring during adipose tissue remodeling, and how they regulate adipose cell physiology and promote obesity-associated dysfunction in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lecoutre
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Group (Nutri-Omics), Sorbonne Université, INSERM, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.L.); (K.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Mélanie Lambert
- Labex Inflamex, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, F-93000 Bobigny, France;
| | - Krzysztof Drygalski
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Group (Nutri-Omics), Sorbonne Université, INSERM, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.L.); (K.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Isabelle Dugail
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Group (Nutri-Omics), Sorbonne Université, INSERM, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.L.); (K.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Salwan Maqdasy
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet Hospital, C2-94, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Mathieu Hautefeuille
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (UMR 7622), IBPS, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France;
| | - Karine Clément
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Group (Nutri-Omics), Sorbonne Université, INSERM, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.L.); (K.D.); (I.D.)
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Nutrition Department, CRNH Ile-de-France, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, F-75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence: or
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Valmorbida A, Longo GZ, Nascimento GM, de Oliveira LL, de Moraes Trindade EBS. Association between cytokine levels and anthropometric measurements: a population-based study. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-8. [PMID: 35856255 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is currently considered a public health problem with pandemic proportions and is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, which can predispose to the development of several chronic diseases and metabolic complications. This cross-sectional population-based study, conducted with 743 Brazilian adults, aimed to evaluate the association between inflammatory cytokines with anthropometric measurements. Socio-demographic, anthropometric, behavioural and biochemical variables were collected. Multiple linear regression stratified by sex and adjusted for confounding factors was performed. In men, waist circumference (WC) was associated with IL-1β (3·52 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·60, 6·45), IL-6 (6·35 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·35, 12·34), IL-8 (8·77 pg/ml; 95 % CI 2·37, 15·17), IL-10 (3·09 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·56, 5·61), IL12p70 (8·31 pg/ml; 95 % CI 3·11, 13·52) and TNF-α (4·22 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·20, 10·48). Waist:height ratio was associated with IL-6 (3·21 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·02, 6·39). BMI was associated with IL-1β (1·50 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·46, 2·34), IL-6 (2·97 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·78, 5·16), IL-8 (4·48 pg/ml; 95 % CI 2·21, 6·75), IL-10 (1·31 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·30, 2·31), IL-12p70 (3·59 pg/ml; 95 % CI 1·24, 5·95) and TNF-α (2·00 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·81, 3·19). In women, WC was associated with IL-6 (5·10 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·68, 9·51) and IL-10 (4·16 pg/ml; 95 % CI 1·26, 7·06). BMI was associated with IL-6 (2·67 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·34, 4·99), and WHR was associated with TNF-α (2·84 pg/ml; 95 % IC 0·86-6·54). The results highlight the importance of anthropometric assessment in clinical practice and the need to develop public policies and interventions to reduce the prevalence of obesity and, consequently, of inflammation and possible metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Valmorbida
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Giana Zarbato Longo
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | | | - Erasmo Benicio Santos de Moraes Trindade
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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237
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Guerbette T, Boudry G, Lan A. Mitochondrial function in intestinal epithelium homeostasis and modulation in diet-induced obesity. Mol Metab 2022; 63:101546. [PMID: 35817394 PMCID: PMC9305624 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic low-grade inflammation observed in diet-induced obesity has been associated with dysbiosis and disturbance of intestinal homeostasis. This latter relies on an efficient epithelial barrier and coordinated intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) renewal that are supported by their mitochondrial function. However, IEC mitochondrial function might be impaired by high fat diet (HFD) consumption, notably through gut-derived metabolite production and fatty acids, that may act as metabolic perturbators of IEC. Scope of review This review presents the current general knowledge on mitochondria, before focusing on IEC mitochondrial function and its role in the control of intestinal homeostasis, and featuring the known effects of nutrients and metabolites, originating from the diet or gut bacterial metabolism, on IEC mitochondrial function. It then summarizes the impact of HFD on mitochondrial function in IEC of both small intestine and colon and discusses the possible link between mitochondrial dysfunction and altered intestinal homeostasis in diet-induced obesity. Major conclusions HFD consumption provokes a metabolic shift toward fatty acid β-oxidation in the small intestine epithelial cells and impairs colonocyte mitochondrial function, possibly through downstream consequences of excessive fatty acid β-oxidation and/or the presence of deleterious metabolites produced by the gut microbiota. Decreased levels of ATP and concomitant O2 leaks into the intestinal lumen could explain the alterations of intestinal epithelium dynamics, barrier disruption and dysbiosis that contribute to the loss of epithelial homeostasis in diet-induced obesity. However, the effect of HFD on IEC mitochondrial function in the small intestine remains unknown and the precise mechanisms by which HFD induces mitochondrial dysfunction in the colon have not been elucidated so far.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaëlle Boudry
- Institut Numecan, INSERM, INRAE, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France.
| | - Annaïg Lan
- Institut Numecan, INSERM, INRAE, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France; Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
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238
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Chakarov S, Blériot C, Ginhoux F. Role of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity-related disorders. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213212. [PMID: 35543703 PMCID: PMC9098652 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has led researchers and clinicians to reconsider the etiology of this disease and precisely decipher its molecular mechanisms. The excessive accumulation of fat by cells, most notably adipocytes, which play a key role in this process, has many repercussions in tissue physiology. Herein, we focus on how macrophages, immune cells well known for their tissue gatekeeping functions, assume fundamental, yet ill-defined, roles in the genesis and development of obesity-related metabolic disorders. We first discuss the determinants of the biology of these cells before introducing the specifics of the adipose tissue environment, while highlighting its heterogeneity. Finally, we detail how obesity transforms both adipose tissue and local macrophage populations. Understanding macrophage diversity and their cross talk with the diverse cell types constituting the adipose tissue environment will allow us to frame the therapeutic potential of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetoslav Chakarov
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Camille Blériot
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Batiment de Médecine Moléculaire, Villejuif, France
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institut Gustave Roussy, Batiment de Médecine Moléculaire, Villejuif, France.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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239
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Katsouda A, Valakos D, Dionellis VS, Bibli SI, Akoumianakis I, Karaliota S, Zuhra K, Fleming I, Nagahara N, Havaki S, Gorgoulis VG, Thanos D, Antoniades C, Szabo C, Papapetropoulos A. MPST sulfurtransferase maintains mitochondrial protein import and cellular bioenergetics to attenuate obesity. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20211894. [PMID: 35616614 PMCID: PMC9143789 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the clinical, economic, and societal impact of obesity, unraveling the mechanisms of adipose tissue expansion remains of fundamental significance. We previously showed that white adipose tissue (WAT) levels of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST), a mitochondrial cysteine-catabolizing enzyme that yields pyruvate and sulfide species, are downregulated in obesity. Here, we report that Mpst deletion results in fat accumulation in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) through transcriptional and metabolic maladaptation. Mpst-deficient mice on HFD exhibit increased body weight and inguinal WAT mass, reduced metabolic rate, and impaired glucose/insulin tolerance. At the molecular level, Mpst ablation activates HIF1α, downregulates subunits of the translocase of outer/inner membrane (TIM/TOM) complex, and impairs mitochondrial protein import. MPST deficiency suppresses the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid oxidation, enhancing lipid accumulation. Sulfide donor administration to obese mice reverses the HFD-induced changes. These findings reveal the significance of MPST for white adipose tissue biology and metabolic health and identify a potential new therapeutic target for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Katsouda
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Valakos
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Sofia-Iris Bibli
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ioannis Akoumianakis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Sevasti Karaliota
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute/National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Karim Zuhra
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Sophia Havaki
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis G. Gorgoulis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Thanos
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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240
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Boland L, Bitterlich LM, Hogan AE, Ankrum JA, English K. Translating MSC Therapy in the Age of Obesity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:943333. [PMID: 35860241 PMCID: PMC9289617 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has seen increased attention as a possible option to treat a number of inflammatory conditions including COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). As rates of obesity and metabolic disease continue to rise worldwide, increasing proportions of patients treated with MSC therapy will be living with obesity. The obese environment poses critical challenges for immunomodulatory therapies that should be accounted for during development and testing of MSCs. In this review, we look to cancer immunotherapy as a model for the challenges MSCs may face in obese environments. We then outline current evidence that obesity alters MSC immunomodulatory function, drastically modifies the host immune system, and therefore reshapes interactions between MSCs and immune cells. Finally, we argue that obese environments may alter essential features of allogeneic MSCs and offer potential strategies for licensing of MSCs to enhance their efficacy in the obese microenvironment. Our aim is to combine insights from basic research in MSC biology and clinical trials to inform new strategies to ensure MSC therapy is effective for a broad range of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Boland
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Laura Melanie Bitterlich
- Biology Department, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Andrew E. Hogan
- Biology Department, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - James A. Ankrum
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: James A. Ankrum, ; Karen English,
| | - Karen English
- Biology Department, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth, Ireland
- *Correspondence: James A. Ankrum, ; Karen English,
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241
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Feige-Diller J, Herrera-Rivero M, Witten A, Stoll M, Kaiser S, Richter SH, Sachser N. The Impact of Varying Food Availability on Gene Expression in the Liver: Testing the Match-Mismatch Hypothesis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:910762. [PMID: 35859757 PMCID: PMC9289739 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.910762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During early phases of life, such as prenatal or early postnatal development and adolescence, an organism's phenotype can be shaped by the environmental conditions it experiences. According to the Match-Mismatch hypothesis (MMH), changes to this environment during later life stages can result in a mismatch between the individual's adaptations and the prevailing environmental conditions. Thus, negative consequences in welfare and health can occur. We aimed to test the MMH in the context of food availability, assuming adolescence as a sensitive period of adaptation. Methods We have previously reported a study of the physiological and behavioral effects of match and mismatch conditions of high (ad libitum) and low (90% of ad libitum intake) food availability from adolescence to early adulthood in female C57BL/6J mice (n = 62). Here, we performed RNA-sequencing of the livers of a subset of these animals (n = 16) to test the effects of match and mismatch feeding conditions on the liver transcriptome. Results In general, we found no effect of the match-mismatch situations. Contrarily, the amount of food available during early adulthood (low vs. high) drove the differences we observed in final body weight and gene expression in the liver, regardless of the amount of food available to the animals during adolescence. Many of the differentially expressed genes and the corresponding biological processes found to be overrepresented overlapped, implicating common changes in various domains. These included metabolism, homeostasis, cellular responses to diverse stimuli, transport of bile acids and other molecules, cell differentiation, major urinary proteins, and immunity and inflammation. Conclusions Our previous and present observations found no support for the MMH in the context of low vs high food availability from adolescence to early adulthood in female C57BL/6J mice. However, even small differences of approximately 10% in food availability during early adulthood resulted in physiological and molecular changes with potential beneficial implications for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Feige-Diller
- Department of Behavioral Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- DFG RTG EvoPAD, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
- Janina Feige-Diller
| | - Marisol Herrera-Rivero
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- *Correspondence: Marisol Herrera-Rivero ;
| | - Anika Witten
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Core Facility Genomics, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Monika Stoll
- DFG RTG EvoPAD, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sylvia Kaiser
- Department of Behavioral Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - S. Helene Richter
- Department of Behavioral Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- DFG RTG EvoPAD, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Norbert Sachser
- Department of Behavioral Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- DFG RTG EvoPAD, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
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242
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Leslie J, Geh D, Elsharkawy AM, Mann DA, Vacca M. Metabolic dysfunction and cancer in HCV: Shared pathways and mutual interactions. J Hepatol 2022; 77:219-236. [PMID: 35157957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
HCV hijacks many host metabolic processes in an effort to aid viral replication. The resulting hepatic metabolic dysfunction underpins many of the hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). However, the natural history of CHC is also substantially influenced by the host metabolic status: obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis are major determinants of CHC progression toward hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have transformed the treatment and natural history of CHC. While DAA therapy effectively eradicates the virus, the long-lasting overlapping metabolic disease can persist, especially in the presence of obesity, increasing the risk of liver disease progression. This review covers the mechanisms by which HCV tunes hepatic and systemic metabolism, highlighting how systemic metabolic disturbance, lipotoxicity and chronic inflammation favour disease progression and a precancerous niche. We also highlight the therapeutic implications of sustained metabolic dysfunction following sustained virologic response as well as considerations for patients who develop HCC on the background of metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Geh
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ahmed M Elsharkawy
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Birmingham, B15 2TH UK; National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Michele Vacca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
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Mayer C, Côme M, Ulmann L, Martin I, Zittelli GC, Faraloni C, Ouguerram K, Chénais B, Mimouni V. The Potential of the Marine Microalga Diacronema lutheri in the Prevention of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in High-Fat-Fed Wistar Rats. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134246. [PMID: 35807489 PMCID: PMC9268017 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 series (n-3 LC-PUFAs), especially eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, are known to exert preventive effects on obesity and metabolic syndrome. Mainly consumed in the form of fish oil, LC-PUFAs n-3 are also found in significant quantities in other sources such as certain microalgae. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Diacronema lutheri (Dia), a microalga rich in n-3 LC-PUFAs, on metabolic disorders associated with obesity. Three groups of male Wistar rats (n = 6 per group) were submitted for eight weeks to a standard diet or high-fat and high-fructose diet (HF), supplemented or not with 12% of Dia (HF-Dia). Compared to HF rats, HF-Dia rats showed a 41% decrease in plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) and an increase in plasma cholesterol (+35%) as well as in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (+51%) without change to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Although fasting glycemia did not change, glucose and insulin tolerance tests highlighted an improvement in glucose and insulin homeostasis. Dia supplementation restored body weight and fat mass, and decreased levels of liver TAG (−75%) and cholesterol (−84%). In HF-Dia rats, leptin was decreased (−30%) below the control level corresponding to a reduction of 68% compared to HF rats. Similarly, the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10 were restored up to control levels, corresponding to a 74% and 58% increase in HF rats, respectively. In contrast, the level of IL-6 remained similar in the HF and HF-Dia groups and about twice that of the control. In conclusion, these results indicated that the D. lutheri microalga may be beneficial for the prevention of weight gain and improvement in lipid and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Mayer
- Département Génie Biologique, BiOSSE, Biology of Organisms: Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, F-53020 Laval, France; (C.M.); (M.C.); (L.U.); (I.M.)
| | - Martine Côme
- Département Génie Biologique, BiOSSE, Biology of Organisms: Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, F-53020 Laval, France; (C.M.); (M.C.); (L.U.); (I.M.)
| | - Lionel Ulmann
- Département Génie Biologique, BiOSSE, Biology of Organisms: Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, F-53020 Laval, France; (C.M.); (M.C.); (L.U.); (I.M.)
| | - Isabelle Martin
- Département Génie Biologique, BiOSSE, Biology of Organisms: Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, F-53020 Laval, France; (C.M.); (M.C.); (L.U.); (I.M.)
| | - Graziella Chini Zittelli
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute for BioEconomy, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, I-50019 Florence, Italy; (G.C.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Cecilia Faraloni
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute for BioEconomy, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, I-50019 Florence, Italy; (G.C.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Khadija Ouguerram
- UMR1280 PhAN, Physiopathology of Nutritional Adaptations, INRAe, CHU Hôtel Dieu, IMAD, CRNH Ouest, Nantes Université, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Benoît Chénais
- BiOSSE, Biology of Organisms: Stress, Health, Environment, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Le Mans Université, F-72085 Le Mans, France
- Correspondence: (B.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Virginie Mimouni
- Département Génie Biologique, BiOSSE, Biology of Organisms: Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, F-53020 Laval, France; (C.M.); (M.C.); (L.U.); (I.M.)
- Correspondence: (B.C.); (V.M.)
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244
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Devericks EN, Carson MS, McCullough LE, Coleman MF, Hursting SD. The obesity-breast cancer link: a multidisciplinary perspective. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:607-625. [PMID: 35752704 PMCID: PMC9470704 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10043-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, exceptionally prevalent in the USA, promotes the incidence and progression of numerous cancer types including breast cancer. Complex, interacting metabolic and immune dysregulation marks the development of both breast cancer and obesity. Obesity promotes chronic low-grade inflammation, particularly in white adipose tissue, which drives immune dysfunction marked by increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production, alternative macrophage activation, and reduced T cell function. Breast tissue is predominantly composed of white adipose, and developing breast cancer readily and directly interacts with cells and signals from adipose remodeled by obesity. This review discusses the biological mechanisms through which obesity promotes breast cancer, the role of obesity in breast cancer health disparities, and dietary interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of obesity on breast cancer. We detail the intersection of obesity and breast cancer, with an emphasis on the shared and unique patterns of immune dysregulation in these disease processes. We have highlighted key areas of breast cancer biology exacerbated by obesity, including incidence, progression, and therapeutic response. We posit that interception of obesity-driven breast cancer will require interventions that limit protumor signaling from obese adipose tissue and that consider genetic, structural, and social determinants of the obesity–breast cancer link. Finally, we detail the evidence for various dietary interventions to offset obesity effects in clinical and preclinical studies of breast cancer. In light of the strong associations between obesity and breast cancer and the rising rates of obesity in many parts of the world, the development of effective, safe, well-tolerated, and equitable interventions to limit the burden of obesity on breast cancer are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Devericks
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Meredith S Carson
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lauren E McCullough
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael F Coleman
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephen D Hursting
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA. .,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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245
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Choi C, Saha A, An S, Cho YK, Kim H, Noh M, Lee YH. Macrophage-Specific Connexin 43 Knockout Protects Mice from Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Metabolic Dysfunction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:925971. [PMID: 35800892 PMCID: PMC9253378 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.925971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue macrophages are a major immune cell type contributing to homeostatic maintenance and pathological adipose tissue remodeling. However, the mechanisms underlying macrophage recruitment and polarization in adipose tissue during obesity remain poorly understood. Previous studies have suggested that the gap junctional protein, connexin 43 (Cx43), plays a critical role in macrophage activation and phagocytosis. Herein, we investigated the macrophage-specific roles of Cx43 in high fat diet (HFD)-induced pathological remodeling of adipose tissue. Expression levels of Cx43 were upregulated in macrophages co-cultured with dying adipocytes in vitro, as well as in macrophages associated with dying adipocytes in the adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice. Cx43 knockdown reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ATP release from macrophages and decreased inflammatory responses of macrophages co-cultured with dying adipocytes. Based on global gene expression profiling, macrophage-specific Cx43-knockout (Cx43-MKO) mice were resistant to HFD-induced inflammatory responses in adipose tissue, potentially via P2X7-mediated signaling pathways. Cx43-MKO mice exhibited reduced HFD-induced macrophage recruitment in adipose tissue. Moreover, Cx43-MKO mice showed reduced inflammasome activation in adipose tissues and improved glucose tolerance. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Cx43 expression in macrophages facilitates inflammasome activation, which, in turn, contributes to HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction.
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246
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Hernandez M, Shin S, Muller C, Attané C. The role of bone marrow adipocytes in cancer progression: the impact of obesity. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:589-605. [PMID: 35708800 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissues (BMATs) and their main cellular component, bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds), are found within the bone marrow (BM), which is a niche for the development of hematological malignancies as well as bone metastasis from solid tumors such as breast and prostate cancers. In humans, BMAds are present within the hematopoietic or "red" BMAT and in the "yellow" BMAT where they are more densely packed. BMAds are emerging as new actors in tumor progression; however, there are many outstanding questions regarding their precise role. In this review, we summarized our current knowledge regarding the development, distribution, and regulation by external stimuli of the BMATs in mice and humans and addressed how obesity could affect these traits. We then discussed the specific metabolic phenotype of BMAds that appear to be different from "classical" white adipocytes, since they are devoid of lipolytic function. According to this characterization, we presented how tumor cells affect the in vitro and in vivo phenotype of BMAds and the signals emanating from BMAds that are susceptible to modulate tumor behavior with a specific emphasis on their metabolic crosstalk with cancer cells. Finally, we discussed how obesity could affect this crosstalk. Deciphering the role of BMAds in tumor progression would certainly lead to the identification of new targets in oncology in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Hernandez
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Sauyeun Shin
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Muller
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.
| | - Camille Attané
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.
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247
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Chen H, Chan YL, Thorpe AE, Pollock CA, Saad S, Oliver BG. Inhaled or Ingested, Which Is Worse, E-Vaping or High-Fat Diet? Front Immunol 2022; 13:913044. [PMID: 35784293 PMCID: PMC9240210 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.913044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long term e-cigarette vaping induces inflammation, which is largely nicotine independent. High-fat diet (HFD) consumption is anoter cause of systemic low-grade inflammation. The likelihood of using e-cigarettes as a weight control strategy is concomitant with the increase in obesity. In Australia, only nicotine-free e-fluid is legal for sale. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how nicotine-free e-cigarette vapour exposure affects inflammatory responses in mice with long term HFD consumption. Mice were fed a HFD for 16 weeks, while in the last 6 weeks, half of the chow and HFD groups were exposed to nicotine-free e-vapour, while the other half to ambient air. Serum, lung, liver and epididymal fat were collected to measure inflammatory markers. While both e-vapour exposure and HFD consumption independently increased serum IFN-γ, CX3CL1, IL-10, CCL20, CCL12, and CCL5 levels, the levels of IFN-γ, CX3CL1, and IL-10 were higher in mice exposed to e-vapour than HFD. The mRNA expression pattern in the epididymal fat mirrors that in the serum, suggesting the circulating inflammatory response to e-vapour is from the fat tissue. Of the upregulated cytokines in serum, none were found to change in the lungs. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased by combining e-vapour and HFD in the liver. We conclude that short-term nicotine-free e-vapour is more potent than long term HFD consumption in causing systemic inflammation. Future studies will be needed to examine the long-term health impact of nicotine-free e-cigarettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yik Lung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew E. Thorpe
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carol A. Pollock
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brian G. Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Brian G. Oliver,
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248
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Ma Y, Lu C, Ji B, Qin J, Cai C, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Liang G, Guo X, Cao G, Li B, Gao P. Integrated Omics Analysis Reveals Alterations in the Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolites of Piglets After Starvation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:881099. [PMID: 35783381 PMCID: PMC9240708 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.881099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a serious public health problem. Short-term starvation is an effective way to lose weight but can also cause harm to the body. However, a systematic assessment of the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and metabolites after complete fasting is lacking. Pigs are the best animal models for exploring the mechanisms of human nutrition digestion and absorption, metabolism, and disease treatment. In this study, 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to analyze the changes in the intestinal microbiota and metabolite profiles in piglets under starvation stress. The results show that the microbial composition was changed significantly in the starvation groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05), suggesting that shifts in the microbial composition were induced by starvation stress. Furthermore, differences in the correlation of the intestinal microbiota and metabolites were observed in the different experimental groups. Starvation may disrupt the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota and metabolite profile and affect the health of piglets. However, piglets can regulate metabolite production to compensate for the effects of short-term starvation. Our results provide a background to explore the mechanism of diet and short-term hunger for intestinal homeostasis.
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249
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Lee S, Usman TO, Yamauchi J, Chhetri G, Wang X, Coudriet GM, Zhu C, Gao J, McConnell R, Krantz K, Rajasundaram D, Singh S, Piganelli J, Ostrowska A, Soto-Gutierrez A, Monga SP, Singhi AD, Muzumdar RH, Tsung A, Dong HH. Myeloid FoxO1 depletion attenuates hepatic inflammation and prevents nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:154333. [PMID: 35700043 PMCID: PMC9282937 DOI: 10.1172/jci154333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic inflammation is culpable for the evolution of asymptomatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Hepatic inflammation results from abnormal macrophage activation. We found that FoxO1 links overnutrition to hepatic inflammation by regulating macrophage polarization and activation. FoxO1 was upregulated in hepatic macrophages, correlating with hepatic inflammation, steatosis and fibrosis in mice and patients with NASH. Myeloid cell-conditional FoxO1 knockout skewed macrophage polarization from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes, accompanied by the reduction of macrophage infiltration in liver. These effects mitigated overnutrition-induced hepatic inflammation and insulin resistance, contributing to improved hepatic metabolism and increased energy expenditure in myeloid cell FoxO1 knockout mice on HFD. When fed a NASH-inducing diet, myeloid cell FoxO1 knockout mice were protected from developing NASH, culminating in the reduction of hepatic inflammation, steatosis and fibrosis. Mechanistically, FoxO1 counteracts Stat6 to skew macrophage polarization from M2 toward M1 signatures to perpetuate hepatic inflammation in NASH. FoxO1 appears as a pivotal mediator of macrophage activation in response to overnutrition and a therapeutic target for ameliorating hepatic inflammation to stem the disease progression from benign steatosis to NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Taofeek O Usman
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Jun Yamauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Goma Chhetri
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Xingchun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Gina M Coudriet
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Cuiling Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Jingyang Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Riley McConnell
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Kyler Krantz
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Dhivyaa Rajasundaram
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Sucha Singh
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Jon Piganelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Alina Ostrowska
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Alejandro Soto-Gutierrez
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Aatur D Singhi
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Radhika H Muzumdar
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, United States of America
| | - H Henry Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States of America
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250
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Pengrattanachot N, Thongnak L, Lungkaphin A. The impact of prebiotic fructooligosaccharides on gut dysbiosis and inflammation in obesity and diabetes related kidney disease. Food Funct 2022; 13:5925-5945. [PMID: 35583860 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04428a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an extensive health problem worldwide that is frequently associated with diabetes. It is a risk factor for the development of several diseases including diabetic nephropathy. Recent studies have reported that gut dysbiosis aggravates the progression of obesity and diabetes by increasing the production of uremic toxins in conjunction with gut barrier dysfunction which then leads to increased passage of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into the blood circulatory system eventually causing systemic inflammation. Therefore, the modification of gut microbiota using a prebiotic supplement may assist in the restoration of gut barrier function and reduce any disturbance of the inflammatory response. In this review information has been compiled concerning the possible mechanisms involved in an increase in obesity, diabetes and kidney dysfunction via the exacerbation of the inflammatory response and its association with gut dysbiosis. In addition, the role of fructooligosaccharides (FOS), a source of prebiotic widely available commercially, on the improvement of gut dysbiosis and attenuation of inflammation on obese and diabetic conditions has been reviewed. The evidence confirms that FOS supplementation could improve the pathological changes associated with obesity and diabetes related kidney disease, however, knowledge concerning the mechanisms involved is still limited and needs further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laongdao Thongnak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. .,Functional Food Research Center for Well-being, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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