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de Oliveira TR, Manzine PR, Cominetti MR, Leite OD, Faria RC. Electrochemical magneto-immunoassay for detection of ADAM10 Alzheimer's biomarker using gold nanoparticles as label. Talanta 2024; 266:125042. [PMID: 37591151 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative and progressive illness with no known cure, is the most frequent cause of dementia in older adults. Dementia in AD is usually preceded by a stage of cognitive decline known as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI has gained attention as an ideal target for prevention and early interventions, considering its reversible characteristic. Here, we propose a magneto-immunoassay based on a low-cost screen-printed electrode for detecting soluble ADAM10 in plasma samples, a potential biomarker for early AD diagnosis. We present a sandwich immunoassay using magnetic beads modified with antibodies to capture ADAM10 from plasma samples and using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as an electrochemical label. The assay was designed to accurately detect ADAM10 in diluted plasma with a limit of detection (LoD) of 32.5 pg/mL and a dynamic linear range of 10.0-1000.0 pg/mL. Twenty-three plasma samples from the elderly, including patients with AD, MCI, and healthy subjects (negative control), were analyzed by the magneto-immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the ADAM10 levels correlated. This work shows the potential of this protein as a biomarker in the early diagnosis and progression of AD and provides an interesting disposable device with capabilities for applications as point-of-care (PoC) to measure ADAM10 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tássia R de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Patricia R Manzine
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Márcia R Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Oldair D Leite
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Medianeira, PR, 85884-000, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo C Faria
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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202
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Keil J, Kiiski H, Doherty L, Hernandez-Urbina V, Vassiliou C, Dean C, Müschenich M, Bahmani H. Artificial sharp-wave-ripples to support memory and counter neurodegeneration. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148646. [PMID: 37871674 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Information processed in our sensory neocortical areas is transported to the hippocampus during memory encoding, and between hippocampus and neocortex during memory consolidation, and retrieval. Short bursts of high-frequency oscillations, so called sharp-wave-ripples, have been proposed as a potential mechanism for this information transfer: They can synchronize neural activity to support the formation of local neural networks to store information, and between distant cortical sites to act as a bridge to transfer information between sensory cortical areas and hippocampus. In neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's Disease, different neuropathological processes impair normal neural functioning and neural synchronization as well as sharp-wave-ripples, which impairs consolidation and retrieval of information, and compromises memory. Here, we formulate a new hypothesis, that artificially inducing sharp-wave-ripples with noninvasive high-frequency visual stimulation could potentially support memory functioning, as well as target the neuropathological processes underlying neurodegenerative diseases. We also outline key challenges for empirical tests of the hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Keil
- Department of Psychology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Germany; Ababax Health GmbH, Berlin, Germany; Department of Cognitive Science, University of Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Hanni Kiiski
- Ababax Health GmbH, Berlin, Germany; Department of Cognitive Science, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | | | | | - Chrystalleni Vassiliou
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Charité University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Camin Dean
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Charité University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hamed Bahmani
- Ababax Health GmbH, Berlin, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Tuebingen, Germany
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203
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Caminiti SP, De Francesco S, Tondo G, Galli A, Redolfi A, Perani D. FDG-PET markers of heterogeneity and different risk of progression in amnestic MCI. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:159-172. [PMID: 37505996 PMCID: PMC10962797 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is emerging as a heterogeneous condition. METHODS We looked at a cohort of N = 207 aMCI subjects, with baseline fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), T1 magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), apolipoprotein E (APOE), and neuropsychological assessment. An algorithm based on FDG-PET hypometabolism classified each subject into subtypes, then compared biomarker measures and clinical progression. RESULTS Three subtypes emerged: hippocampal sparing-cortical hypometabolism, associated with younger age and the highest level of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-CSF pathology; hippocampal/cortical hypometabolism, associated with a high percentage of APOE ε3/ε4 or ε4/ε4 carriers; medial-temporal hypometabolism, characterized by older age, the lowest AD-CSF pathology, the most severe hippocampal atrophy, and a benign course. Within the whole cohort, the severity of temporo-parietal hypometabolism, correlated with AD-CSF pathology and marked the rate of progression of cognitive decline. DISCUSSION FDG-PET can distinguish clinically comparable aMCI at single-subject level with different risk of progression to AD dementia or stability. The obtained results can be useful for the optimization of pharmacological trials and automated-classification models. HIGHLIGHTS Algorithm based on FDG-PET hypometabolism demonstrates distinct subtypes across aMCI; Three different subtypes show heterogeneous biological profiles and risk of progression; The cortical hypometabolism is associated with AD pathology and cognitive decline; MTL hypometabolism is associated with the lowest conversion rate and CSF-AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Paola Caminiti
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
- Division of NeuroscienceIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Silvia De Francesco
- Laboratory of NeuroinformaticsIRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio FatebenefratelliBresciaItaly
| | - Giacomo Tondo
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
- Division of NeuroscienceIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Alice Galli
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
- Division of NeuroscienceIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Alberto Redolfi
- Laboratory of NeuroinformaticsIRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio FatebenefratelliBresciaItaly
| | - Daniela Perani
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
- Division of NeuroscienceIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
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204
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Paul D, Agrawal R, Singh S. Alzheimer's disease and clinical trials. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 35:31-44. [PMID: 38491747 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is spreading its root disproportionately among the worldwide population. Many genes have been identified as the hallmarks of AD. Based upon the knowledge, many clinical trials have been designed and conducted. Attempts have been made to alleviate the pathology associated with AD by targeting the molecular products of these genes. Irrespective of the understanding on the genetic component of AD, many clinical trials have failed and imposed greater challenges on the path of drug discovery. Therefore, this review aims to identify research and review articles to pinpoint the limitations of drug candidates (thiethylperazine, CT1812, crenezumab, CNP520, and lecanemab), which are under or withdrawn from clinical trials. Thorough analysis of the cross-talk pathways led to the identification of many confounding factors, which could interfere with the success of clinical trials with drug candidates such as thiethylperazine, CT1812, crenezumab, and CNP520. Though these drug candidates were enrolled in clinical trials, yet literature review shows many limitations. These limitations raise many questions on the rationale behind the enrollments of these drug candidates in clinical trials. A meticulous prior assessment of the outcome of clinical studies may stop risky clinical trials at their inceptions. This may save time, money, and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepraj Paul
- Department of Pharmacology, 621320 College of Pharmacy JSS Academy of Technical Education , Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohini Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacology, 621320 College of Pharmacy JSS Academy of Technical Education , Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swati Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, 621320 College of Pharmacy JSS Academy of Technical Education , Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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205
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Ohno M. A Strategy for Allowing Earlier Diagnosis and Rigorous Evaluation of BACE1 Inhibitors in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:431-445. [PMID: 38701146 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Given continued failure of BACE1 inhibitor programs at symptomatic and prodromal stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), clinical trials need to target the earlier preclinical stage. However, trial design is complex in this population with negative diagnosis of classical hippocampal amnesia on standard memory tests. Besides recent advances in brain imaging, electroencephalogram, and fluid-based biomarkers, new cognitive markers should be established for earlier diagnosis that can optimize recruitment to BACE1 inhibitor trials in presymptomatic AD. Notably, accelerated long-term forgetting (ALF) is emerging as a sensitive cognitive measure that can discriminate between asymptomatic individuals with high risks for developing AD and healthy controls. ALF is a form of declarative memory impairment characterized by increased forgetting rates over longer delays (days to months) despite normal storage within the standard delays of testing (20-60 min). Therefore, ALF may represent a harbinger of preclinical dementia and the impairment of systems memory consolidation, during which memory traces temporarily stored in the hippocampus become gradually integrated into cortical networks. This review provides an overview of the utility of ALF in a rational design of next-generation BACE1 inhibitor trials in preclinical AD. I explore potential mechanisms underlying ALF and relevant early-stage biomarkers useful for BACE1 inhibitor evaluation, including synaptic protein alterations, astrocytic dysregulation and neuron hyperactivity in the hippocampal-cortical network. Furthermore, given the physiological role of the isoform BACE2 as an AD-suppressor gene, I also discuss the possible association between the poor selectivity of BACE1 inhibitors and their side effects (e.g., cognitive worsening) in prior clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuo Ohno
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
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206
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Wei G, Tian X, Yang H, Luo Y, Liu G, Sun S, Wang X, Wen H. Adjunct Methods for Alzheimer's Disease Detection: A Review of Auditory Evoked Potentials. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:1503-1517. [PMID: 38277292 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The auditory afferent pathway as a clinical marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has sparked interest in investigating the relationship between age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and AD. Given the earlier onset of ARHL compared to cognitive impairment caused by AD, there is a growing emphasis on early diagnosis and intervention to postpone or prevent the progression from ARHL to AD. In this context, auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) have emerged as a widely used objective auditory electrophysiological technique for both the clinical diagnosis and animal experimentation in ARHL due to their non-invasive and repeatable nature. This review focuses on the application of AEPs in AD detection and the auditory nerve system corresponding to different latencies of AEPs. Our objective was to establish AEPs as a systematic and non-invasive adjunct method for enhancing the diagnostic accuracy of AD. The success of AEPs in the early detection and prediction of AD in research settings underscores the need for further clinical application and study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuelong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinpei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guisong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huizhong Wen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liu MH, Tang Y, Qu LQ, Song LL, Lo HH, Zhang RL, Yun XY, Wang HM, Chan JTW, Wu JH, Wang CR, Wong VKW, Wu AG, Law BYK. Raddeanin A isolated from Anemone raddeana Regel improves pathological and cognitive deficits of the mice model of Alzheimer's disease by targeting β-amyloidosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155121. [PMID: 37856988 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raddeanin A is a triterpenoid isolated from Anemone raddeana Regel. It exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory, however, its neuroprotective effect in targeting Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains uninvestigated. PURPOSE To provide scientific base for the development of novel AD drug by clarifying the neuroprotective effect and molecular mechanisms of raddeanin A in both in vitro and in vivo AD model. STUDY DESIGN To confirm the neuroprotective role of raddeanin A in the treatment of AD, its mechanisms and effects on β-amyloidosis and Aβ fibrillation was studied in U87 cells. Besides, the improvement on cognitive deficit, pathological defects, reactive astrocyte clusters, inhibition on neuronal inflammation and apoptosis were further studied in 3 x Tg-AD mice model of AD. METHODS Real-time PCR, western blot, dot blot, biolayer interferometry and bioinformatics analysis were used to confirm the in vitro effect and targets of raddeanin A on β-amyloidosis and its associated protein network. A series of experiments including Morris water maze, H&E staining, nissl staining and immunofluorescence analysis were conducted to confirm the protective behavioral effect of raddeanin A in the in vivo AD mice model. RESULTS Raddeanin A was identified to reduce β-amyloidosis in U87 cells and 3 x Tg-AD mice model of AD by decreasing level of BACE1, APP, APP-β and Aβ. Raddeanin A improved behavioral, spatial memory and learning ability in the AD mice. In the cortex and hippocampus, raddeanin A improved the morphology and arrangement of neurons, lower the level of reactive astrocyte marker GFAP and apoptotic marker proteins Bax/Bcl2 ratio. Moreover, raddeanin A upregulated the mRNA and protein level of Prkcα in the hippocampus of AD mice whose neuroprotective effect was exerted possibly via the activation of protein kinase C. CONCLUSION As a novel natural agent targeting β-amyloidosis, our results provide the first evidence of the multiple in vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effect of raddeanin A, suggesting its potential therapeutic application in preventing or alleviating the symptoms of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Han Liu
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Li Qun Qu
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Lin Lin Song
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hang Hong Lo
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Rui Long Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Xiao Yun Yun
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hui Miao Wang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Joyce Tsz Wai Chan
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jian Hui Wu
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Cai Ren Wang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - An Guo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Betty Yuen-Kwan Law
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
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208
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Amin G, Booz GW, Zouein FA. Proteinopathy: Shared Feature Between the Heart and Brain in Alzheimer's Disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 83:4-7. [PMID: 37890458 PMCID: PMC10842240 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghadir Amin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France; and
- The Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
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209
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Sande R, Godad A, Doshi G. Zebrafish Experimental Animal Models for AD: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol 2024; 19:295-311. [PMID: 38284707 DOI: 10.2174/0127724328279684240104094257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
AD disease (AD) is a multifaceted and intricate neurodegenerative disorder characterized by intracellular neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) formation and the excessive production and deposition of Aβ senile plaques. While transgenic AD models have been found instrumental in unravelling AD pathogenesis, they involve cost and time constraints during the preclinical phase. Zebrafish, owing to their simplicity, well-defined behavioural patterns, and relevance to neurodegenerative research, have emerged as a promising complementary model. Zebrafish possess glutaminergic and cholinergic pathways implicated in learning and memory, actively contributing to our understanding of neural transmission processes. This review sheds light on the molecular mechanisms by which various neurotoxic agents, including okadaic acid (OKA), cigarette smoke extract, metals, and transgenic zebrafish models with genetic similarities to AD patients, induce cognitive impairments and neuronal degeneration in mammalian systems. These insights may facilitate the identification of effective neurotoxic agents for replicating AD pathogenesis in the zebrafish brain. In this comprehensive review, the pivotal role of zebrafish models in advancing our comprehension of AD is emphasized. These models hold immense potential for shaping future research directions and clinical interventions, ultimately contributing to the development of novel AD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruksar Sande
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle (w), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Angel Godad
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle (w), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle (w), Mumbai, 400056, India
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210
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Gohel D, Zhang P, Gupta AK, Li Y, Chiang CW, Li L, Hou Y, Pieper AA, Cummings J, Cheng F. Sildenafil as a Candidate Drug for Alzheimer's Disease: Real-World Patient Data Observation and Mechanistic Observations from Patient-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:643-657. [PMID: 38427489 PMCID: PMC10977448 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease needing effective therapeutics urgently. Sildenafil, one of the approved phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, has been implicated as having potential effect in AD. Objective To investigate the potential therapeutic benefit of sildenafil on AD. Methods We performed real-world patient data analysis using the MarketScan® Medicare Supplemental and the Clinformatics® databases. We conducted propensity score-stratified analyses after adjusting confounding factors (i.e., sex, age, race, and comorbidities). We used both familial and sporadic AD patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived neurons to evaluate the sildenafil's mechanism-of-action. Results We showed that sildenafil usage is associated with reduced likelihood of AD across four new drug compactor cohorts, including bumetanide, furosemide, spironolactone, and nifedipine. For instance, sildenafil usage is associated with a 54% reduced incidence of AD in MarketScan® (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.46, 95% CI 0.32- 0.66) and a 30% reduced prevalence of AD in Clinformatics® (HR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.49- 1.00) compared to spironolactone. We found that sildenafil treatment reduced tau hyperphosphorylation (pTau181 and pTau205) in a dose-dependent manner in both familial and sporadic AD patient iPSC-derived neurons. RNA-sequencing data analysis of sildenafil-treated AD patient iPSC-derived neurons reveals that sildenafil specifically target AD related genes and pathobiological pathways, mechanistically supporting the beneficial effect of sildenafil in AD. Conclusions These real-world patient data validation and mechanistic observations from patient iPSC-derived neurons further suggested that sildenafil is a potential repurposable drug for AD. Yet, randomized clinical trials are warranted to validate the causal treatment effects of sildenafil in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Gohel
- Genomic Medicine Institute,Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Amit Kumar Gupta
- Genomic Medicine Institute,Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yichen Li
- Genomic Medicine Institute,Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chien-Wei Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lang Li
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yuan Hou
- Genomic Medicine Institute,Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Andrew A. Pieper
- Brain Health Medicines Center, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey Cummings
- Department of Brain Health, School of Integrated Health Sciences, Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- Genomic Medicine Institute,Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Genome Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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211
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Bruno D, Gicas KM, Jauregi‐Zinkunegi A, Mueller KD, Lamar M. Delayed primacy recall performance predicts post mortem Alzheimer's disease pathology from unimpaired ante mortem cognitive baseline. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 16:e12524. [PMID: 38239330 PMCID: PMC10795090 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
We propose a novel method to assess delayed primacy in the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) memory test. We then examine whether this measure predicts post mortem Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology in individuals who were clinically unimpaired at baseline. A total of 1096 individuals were selected from the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center database registry. All participants were clinically unimpaired at baseline, and had subsequently undergone brain autopsy. Average age at baseline was 78.8 (6.92). A Bayesian regression analysis was carried out with global pathology as an outcome; demographic, clinical, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) data as covariates; and cognitive predictors, including delayed primacy. Global AD pathology was best predicted by delayed primacy. Secondary analyses showed that delayed primacy was mostly associated with neuritic plaques, whereas total delayed recall was associated with neurofibrillary tangles. Sex differential associations were observed. We conclude that CERAD-derived delayed primacy is a useful metric for early detection and diagnosis of AD in unimpaired individuals. Highlights We propose a novel method to analyse serial position in the CERAD memory test.We analyse data from 1096 individuals who were cognitively unimpaired at baseline.Delayed primacy predicts post mortem pathology better than traditional metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bruno
- School of PsychologyLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
| | | | | | - Kimberly D. Mueller
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin – MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin – MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of Communication Sciences and DisordersUniversity of Wisconsin – MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
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212
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Zhang X, Yuan T, Chen X, Liu X, Hu J, Liu Z. Effects of DHA on cognitive dysfunction in aging and Alzheimer's disease: The mediating roles of ApoE. Prog Lipid Res 2024; 93:101256. [PMID: 37890592 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) continues to rise due to the increasing aging population. Among the various genetic factors associated with AD, apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a lipid transporter, stands out as the primary genetic risk factor. Specifically, individuals carrying the ApoE4 allele exhibit a significantly higher risk. However, emerging research indicates that dietary factors play a prominent role in modifying the risk of AD. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a prominent ω-3 fatty acid, has garnered considerable attention for its potential to ameliorate cognitive function. The intricate interplay between DHA and the ApoE genotype within the brain, which may influence DHA's utilization and functionality, warrants further investigation. This review meticulously examines experimental and clinical studies exploring the effects of DHA on cognitive decline. Special emphasis is placed on elucidating the role of ApoE gene polymorphism and the underlying mechanisms are discussed. These studies suggest that early DHA supplementation may confer benefits to cognitively normal older adults carrying the ApoE4 gene. However, once AD develops, ApoE4 non-carriers may experience greater benefits compared to ApoE4 carriers, although the overall effectiveness of DHA supplementation at this stage is limited. Potential mechanisms underlying these differential effects may include accelerated DHA catabolism in ApoE4 carriers, impaired transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and compromised lipidation and circulatory function in ApoE4 carriers. Thus, the supplementation of DHA may represent a potential intervention strategy aimed at compensating for these deficiencies in ApoE4 carriers prior to the onset of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Xuhui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China.
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China; Dongguan Chuangwei Precision Nutrition and Health Innovation Center, Dongguan, Guangdong 523170, China; Shaanxi Precision Nutrition and Health Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710300, China.
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213
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Murata T, Tago K, Miyata K, Moriwaki Y, Misawa H, Kobata K, Nakazawa Y, Tamura H, Funakoshi-Tago M. Suppression of Neuroinflammation by Coffee Component Pyrocatechol via Inhibition of NF-κB in Microglia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:316. [PMID: 38203488 PMCID: PMC10778612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
According to numerous studies, it has been epidemiologically suggested that habitual coffee intake seems to prevent the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we hypothesized that coffee consumption suppresses neuroinflammation, which is closely related to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Using microglial BV-2 cells, we first found that the inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation was diminished by both coffee and decaffeinated coffee through the inhibition of an inflammation-related transcription factor, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Pyrocatechol, a component of roasted coffee produced by the thermal decomposition of chlorogenic acid, also exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the LPS-induced activation of NF-κB. Finally, in an inflammation model using mice injected with LPS into the cerebrum, we observed that intake of pyrocatechol as well as coffee decoctions drastically suppressed the accumulation of microglia and the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), CCL2, and CXCL1 in the inflammatory brain. These observations strongly encourage us to hypothesize that the anti-inflammatory activity of pyrocatechol as well as coffee decoction would be useful for the suppression of neurodegeneration and the prevention of the onsets of Alzheimer's (AD) and Perkinson's diseases (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Murata
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.N.); (H.T.)
| | - Kenji Tago
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8514, Gunma, Japan;
| | - Kota Miyata
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Yasuhiro Moriwaki
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Hidemi Misawa
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Kenji Kobata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan;
| | - Yosuke Nakazawa
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.N.); (H.T.)
| | - Hiroomi Tamura
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.N.); (H.T.)
| | - Megumi Funakoshi-Tago
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.N.); (H.T.)
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214
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Hu J, Linse S, Sparr E. Ganglioside Micelles Affect Amyloid β Aggregation by Coassembly. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:4335-4343. [PMID: 38050745 PMCID: PMC10739608 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β peptide (Aβ) is the crucial protein component of extracellular plaques in Alzheimer's disease. The plaques also contain gangliosides lipids, which are abundant in membranes of neuronal cells and in cell-derived vesicles and exosomes. When present at concentrations above its critical micelle concentration (cmc), gangliosides can occur as mixed micelles. Here, we study the coassembly of the ganglioside GM1 and the Aβ peptides Aβ40 and 42 by means of microfluidic diffusional sizing, confocal microscopy, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. We also study the effects of lipid-peptide interactions on the amyloid aggregation process by fluorescence spectroscopy. Our results reveal coassembly of GM1 lipids with both Aβ monomers and Aβ fibrils. The results of the nonseeded kinetics experiments show that Aβ40 aggregation is delayed with increasing GM1 concentration, while that of Aβ42 is accelerated. In seeded aggregation reactions, the addition of GM1 leads to a retardation of the aggregation process of both peptides. Thus, while the effect on nucleation differs between the two peptides, GM1 may inhibit the elongation of both types of fibrils. These results shed light on glycolipid-peptide interactions that may play an important role in Alzheimer's pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Division
of Physical Chemistry, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Linse
- Division
of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emma Sparr
- Division
of Physical Chemistry, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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215
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Lee KH, Hsu MH, Chen HH, Yang SY. Analyzer-to-Analyzer Variations in Assaying Ultralow Concentrated Biomarkers Associated with Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Immunomagnetic Reduction. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2023; 3:488-495. [PMID: 38145030 PMCID: PMC10740117 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
By utilizing a high-temperature superconducting quantum interference device (high-Tc SQUID) magnetometer, an alternating current (AC) magnetosusceptometer, referred to as an analyzer, was developed for ultrasensitive immunoassays. The analyzer has been applied to assay biomarkers in human plasma associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The involved assay methodology is the so-called immunomagnetic reduction (IMR). Such an analyzer has been approved for clinical use in Taiwan and Europe. The mass production of the analyzer is needed for clinical utilities. The issue of exploring analyzer-to-analyzer variations in the performances becomes critical. Unfortunately, there is no standard characterization to determine the variations in performances among analyzers. In this study, key characterizations, such as output signal stability, signal-to-noise ratio, measured concentrations of a control sample, etc., are proposed. In total, three analyzers are characterized in this work. The detected biomarkers include amyloid peptides, total tau protein, phosphorylated tau protein, and α-synuclein protein for AD and PD. Through one-way ANOVA for any of the characterizations among the three analyzers, it was found that there was no significant difference in any of these characterizations among the analyzers (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the three analyzers are applied to assay biomolecules for AD and PD in reference samples. High correlations (r > 0.8) in measured concentrations of any of these biomarkers in reference samples were obtained among the three analyzers. The results demonstrate that the proposed characterizations are feasible for achieving consistent performance among high-Tc SQUID-based AC magnetosusceptometers for assaying biomolecules.
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216
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Mishra S. Emerging Trends in Cryo-EM-based Structural Studies of Neuropathological Amyloids. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168361. [PMID: 37949311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies, synucleinopathies, Aβ amyloidosis, TDP-43 proteinopathies, and prion diseases- these neurodegenerative diseases have in common the formation of amyloid filaments rich in cross-β sheets. Cryo-electron microscopy now permits the visualization of amyloid assemblies at atomic resolution, ushering a wide range of structural studies on several of these poorly understood amyloidogenic proteins. Amyloids are polymorphic with minor modulations in reaction environment affecting the overall architecture of their assembly, making amyloids an extremely challenging venture for structure-based therapeutic intervention. In 2017, the first cryo-EM structure of tau filaments from an Alzheimer's disease-affected brain established that in vitro assemblies might not necessarily reflect the native amyloid fold. Since then, brain-derived amyloid structures for several proteins across many neurodegenerative diseases have uncovered the disease-relevant amyloid folds. It has now been shown for tauopathies, synucleinopathies and TDP-43 proteinopathies, that distinct amyloid folds of the same protein might be related to different diseases. Salient features of each of these brain-derived folds are discussed in detail. It was also recently observed that seeded aggregation does not necessarily replicate the brain-derived structural fold. Owing to high throughput structure determination, some of these native amyloid folds have also been successfully replicated in vitro. In vitro replication of disease-relevant filaments will aid development of imaging ligands and defibrillating drugs. Towards this direction, recent high-resolution structures of tau filaments with positron emission tomography tracers and a defibrillating drug are also discussed. This review summarizes and celebrates the recent advancements in structural understanding of neuropathological amyloid filaments using cryo-EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Mishra
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Biological Sciences Division, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, Karnataka, India.
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217
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Wei W, Jing L, Tian Y, Więckowska A, Kang D, Meng B, Panek D, Godyń J, Góral I, Song Y, Liu X, Zhan P. Multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease based on oxidative stress: Polysubstituted pyrazine derivatives synthesized by multicomponent reactions. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 96:117535. [PMID: 37956505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
As Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a complex pathogenesis, the exploration of multi-target drugs may be an effective strategy for AD treatment. Multifunctional small molecular agents can be obtained by connecting two or more active drugs or privileged pharmacophores by multicomponent reactions (MCRs). In this paper, two series of polysubstituted pyrazine derivatives with multifunctional moieties were designed as anti-AD agents and synthesized by Passerini-3CR and Ugi-4CR. Since the oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathological process of AD, the antioxidant activities of the newly synthesized compounds were first evaluated. Subsequently, selected active compounds were further screened in a series of AD-related bioassays, including Aβ1-42 self-aggregation and deaggregation, BACE-1 inhibition, metal chelation, and protection of SH-SY5Y cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Compound A3B3C1 represented the best one with multifunctional potencies. Mechanism study showed that A3B3C1 acted on Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, thus increasing the expression of related antioxidant proteins NQO1 and HO-1 to normal cell level. Furthermore, A3B3C1 showed good in vitro human plasma and liver microsome stability, indicating a potential for further development as multifunctional anti-AD agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Lanlan Jing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dongwei Kang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Bairu Meng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Dawid Panek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Godyń
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Izabella Góral
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Yuning Song
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
| | - Xinyong Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
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218
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Sevastre-Berghian AC, Ielciu I, Bab T, Olah NK, Neculicioiu VS, Toma VA, Sevastre B, Mocan T, Hanganu D, Bodoki AE, Roman I, Lucaciu RL, Hangan AC, Hașaș AD, Decea RM, Băldea I. Betula pendula Leaf Extract Targets the Interplay between Brain Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and NFkB Pathways in Amyloid Aβ 1-42-Treated Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2110. [PMID: 38136229 PMCID: PMC10740548 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known as the primary and most common cause of dementia in the middle-aged and elderly population worldwide. Chemical analyses of B. pendula leaf extract (BPE), performed using spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods (LC/MS), revealed high amounts of polyphenol carboxylic acids (gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic, trans-p-coumaric, ferulic, and salicylic acids), as well as flavonoids (apigenin, luteolin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, naringenin, hyperoside, quercetin, and quercitrin). Four groups of Wistar rats were used in this experiment (n = 7/group): control (untreated), Aβ1-42 (2 μg/rat intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.), Aβ1-42 + BPE (200 mg/Kg b.w.), and DMSO (10 μL/rat). On the first day, one dose of Aβ1-42 was intracerebroventricularly administered to animals in groups 2 and 3. Subsequently, BPE was orally administered for the next 15 days to group 3. On the 16th day, behavioral tests were performed. Biomarkers of brain oxidative stress Malondialdehyde (MDA), (Peroxidase (PRx), Catalase (CAT), and Superoxid dismutase (SOD) and inflammation (cytokines: tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α), Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX 2)) in plasma and hippocampus homogenates were assessed. Various protein expressions (Phospho-Tau (Ser404) (pTau Ser 404), Phospho-Tau (Ser396) (pTau Ser 396), synaptophysin, and the Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) signaling pathway) were analyzed using Western blot and immunohistochemistry in the hippocampus. The results show that BPE diminished lipid peroxidation and neuroinflammation, modulated specific protein expression, enhanced the antioxidant capacity, and improved spontaneous alternation behavior, suggesting that it has beneficial effects in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Cristina Sevastre-Berghian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.-B.); (T.M.); (R.M.D.); (I.B.)
| | - Irina Ielciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Timea Bab
- PlantExtrakt Ltd., Rădaia, 407059 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (T.B.); (N.-K.O.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Neli-Kinga Olah
- PlantExtrakt Ltd., Rădaia, 407059 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (T.B.); (N.-K.O.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Vasile Goldiş” Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Vlad Sever Neculicioiu
- Department of Microbiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Alexandru Toma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Babes-Bolyai University, 400371 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Sevastre
- Department of Clinical and Paraclinical Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.S.); (A.-D.H.)
| | - Teodora Mocan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.-B.); (T.M.); (R.M.D.); (I.B.)
| | - Daniela Hanganu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Andreea Elena Bodoki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.E.B.); (A.C.H.)
| | - Ioana Roman
- Department of Experimental Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Research, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Roxana Liana Lucaciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adriana Corina Hangan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.E.B.); (A.C.H.)
| | - Alina-Diana Hașaș
- Department of Clinical and Paraclinical Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.S.); (A.-D.H.)
| | - Roxana Maria Decea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.-B.); (T.M.); (R.M.D.); (I.B.)
| | - Ioana Băldea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.-B.); (T.M.); (R.M.D.); (I.B.)
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219
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Dufwenberg MA, Garfinkel AR, Greenhill M, Garewal A, Larson MC. Cerebrospinal fluid flushing as a means of neuroprotection. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1288790. [PMID: 38192514 PMCID: PMC10773678 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1288790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) injury or disease states are often difficult to treat due to the closed system of the dura mater/blood-brain barrier and the bony skull and vertebrae. The closed system results in at least partial containment of any pro-inflammatory molecules, pathogens, or toxic byproducts in the case of brain or spinal cord lesions, which can result in a destructive feedback loop. Cervical-approach access techniques (lateral C1-C2, suboccipital and lateral atlanto-occipital space punctures) are less-common methods of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling due to the relative ease and safety of lumbar spinal taps. However, with improved image-guidance, these cervical-level CSF access points are still useful when there are certain contraindications and difficulties when attempting to sample the CSF via the typical lumbar spinal approach. With the advent of microcatheters and minimally invasive techniques, combined with body fluid filtration technology, the question arises: could dual microcatheters be introduced for inflow and outflow of purified or artificial CSF to break the destructive feedback loop and thus diminish CNS damage?. We hypothesize that intrathecal spinal catheters could be placed in 2 positions (e.g., via a cervical route and the typical lumbar spinal route) to allow for both an input and output to more effectively filter or "flush" the CSF. This could have broad implications in the treatment of strokes, traumatic brain or spinal cord injury, infections, autoimmune diseases, and even malignancies within the CNS-in short, any disease with abnormalities detectable in the CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alec R. Garfinkel
- Department of Radiology, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States
- HCA Florida Brandon Hospital, Brandon, FL, United States
| | - Mark Greenhill
- Department of Radiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Armand Garewal
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Michael Craig Larson
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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220
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Reed EG, Keller-Norrell PR. Minding the Gap: Exploring Neuroinflammatory and Microglial Sex Differences in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17377. [PMID: 38139206 PMCID: PMC10743742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into Alzheimer's Disease (AD) describes a link between AD and the resident immune cells of the brain, the microglia. Further, this suspected link is thought to have underlying sex effects, although the mechanisms of these effects are only just beginning to be understood. Many of these insights are the result of policies put in place by funding agencies such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to consider sex as a biological variable (SABV) and the move towards precision medicine due to continued lackluster therapeutic options. The purpose of this review is to provide an updated assessment of the current research that summarizes sex differences and the research pertaining to microglia and their varied responses in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin G. Reed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44242, USA
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221
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Miteva D, Vasilev GV, Velikova T. Role of Specific Autoantibodies in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Pathogenic Antibodies or Promising Biomarkers for Diagnosis. Antibodies (Basel) 2023; 12:81. [PMID: 38131803 PMCID: PMC10740538 DOI: 10.3390/antib12040081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) affect millions of people worldwide. They develop due to the pathological accumulation and aggregation of various misfolded proteins, axonal and synaptic loss and dysfunction, inflammation, cytoskeletal abnormalities, defects in DNA and RNA, and neuronal death. This leads to the activation of immune responses and the release of the antibodies against them. Recently, it has become clear that autoantibodies (Aabs) can contribute to demyelination, axonal loss, and brain and cognitive dysfunction. This has significantly changed the understanding of the participation of humoral autoimmunity in neurodegenerative disorders. It is crucial to understand how neuroinflammation is involved in neurodegeneration, to aid in improving the diagnostic and therapeutic value of Aabs in the future. This review aims to provide data on the immune system's role in NDDs, the pathogenic role of some specific Aabs against molecules associated with the most common NDDs, and their potential role as biomarkers for monitoring and diagnosing NDDs. It is suggested that the autoimmune aspects of NDDs will facilitate early diagnosis and help to elucidate previously unknown aspects of the pathobiology of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrina Miteva
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tzankov Str., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1 Kozyak str, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.V.V.); (T.V.)
| | - Georgi V. Vasilev
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1 Kozyak str, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.V.V.); (T.V.)
- Clinic of Neurology, Department of Emergency Medicine UMHAT “Sv. Georgi”, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetelina Velikova
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1 Kozyak str, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.V.V.); (T.V.)
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Esquer A, Blanc F, Collongues N. Immunotherapies Targeting Amyloid and Tau Protein in Alzheimer's Disease: Should We Move Away from Diseases and Focus on Biological Targets? A Systematic Review and Expert Opinion. Neurol Ther 2023; 12:1883-1907. [PMID: 37812325 PMCID: PMC10630258 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-023-00541-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide, making it a major public health issue. Anti-amyloid and anti-tau antibodies are the most advanced therapeutic approach at present. Three drugs (lecanemab, donanemab and aducanumab) are on track to be marketed in the coming months. In this systematic review, we review all Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials conducted in this indication and the particularities of the molecules tested. METHODS The PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched through February 2023 for Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials involving passive anti-amyloid or anti-tau immunotherapies with published results. This review has been compiled in compliance with the PRISMA checklists. RESULTS Of the 165 studies found and after eliminating duplicates, 40 studies had their results published on PubMed and/or ClinicalTrials.gov. Eight anti-amyloid molecules and four anti-tau molecules were the subject of Phase 2 studies, seven anti-amyloids were the subject of Phase 3 trials, and two molecules were granted early marketing approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The results were compiled in summary tables showing the primary endpoints used, results, age of the study population and specific adverse events for these molecules. DISCUSSION Passive immunotherapy in AD is largely dominated by anti-amyloid antibodies, which are more numerous and more advanced in the pipeline. Lecanemab, donanemab and aducanumab are distinguished by their relative efficacy in terms of cognitive and functional evaluation but also by a decrease in amyloid and tau proteins in the brain. These three molecules have in common that they bind to N-terminal ends of amyloid fibrils and plaques. The findings of their studies raise the question of which criteria to apply when choosing which patient will receive them when marketed, such as the apoliprotein E gene's fourth allele (APOE4) genetic status of patients. The large number of negative studies may also raise the question of the criteria for defining the disease and the possible interest in redefining it on biological grounds to offer a more personalized medicine to patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Esquer
- Center for Clinical Investigation, INSERM U1434, Strasbourg, France
- Geriatrics Day Hospital and Cognitive-Behavioral Unit, Geriatrics Department, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche (CM2R), University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- Geriatrics Day Hospital and Cognitive-Behavioral Unit, Geriatrics Department, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche (CM2R), University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Strasbourg University and CNRS, ICube Laboratory UMR 7357 and FMTS (Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg), IMIS Team, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Collongues
- Center for Clinical Investigation, INSERM U1434, Strasbourg, France.
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- Biopathology of Myelin, Neuroprotection and Therapeutic Strategy, INSERM U1119, Strasbourg, France.
- Department of Pharmacology, Addictology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France.
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223
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Wiese LK, Pratt BA, Heinze K, Besser L, Ifill A(A, Williams CL. Community-Based Strategies to Reduce Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Incidence Among Rural, Racially/Ethnically Diverse Older Adults. CURRENT GERIATRICS REPORTS 2023; 12:205-219. [PMID: 38223294 PMCID: PMC10783445 DOI: 10.1007/s13670-023-00400-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The purpose of this paper was to address the research question "What recent advances in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) risk reduction strategies can be tailored for rural, racially/ethnically diverse populations?" A rural resident's life story that grounded the work is shared. Next, a brief description is provided regarding ADRD risk factors of importance in rural, multicultural settings. Gaps in U.S.-based research are highlighted. Policy actions and interventions that may make a difference in alleviating rural, ADRD-related disparities are offered. Recent Findings More than a dozen factors, including lack of built environment, periodontitis, poor air quality, and sensory loss, were identified that are of particular relevance to rural groups. Evidence of importance to underserved residents has also emerged regarding the harmful effects of ultra-processed foods on brain health, benefits of even minimal physical activity, and importance of social engagement, on brain health. Summary Resident-led initiatives will be key to creating change at the community level. Health providers are also called to assist in identifying and adapting culturally specific upstream approaches, in partnership with community stakeholders. These mechanisms are vital for decreasing ADRD burdens in underserved communities facing the largest disparities in preventive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kirk Wiese
- C. E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Mail Code #84, Boca Raton FL 33431, USA
| | - Beth A. Pratt
- C. E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Mail Code #84, Boca Raton FL 33431, USA
| | - Katherine Heinze
- C. E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Mail Code #84, Boca Raton FL 33431, USA
| | - Lilah Besser
- Comprehensive Center for Brain Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Antoinita (Annie) Ifill
- Palm Health Foundation/Community Partners of South Florida, 491 E. Main Street Suite 5A, Pahokee FL 33476, USA
| | - Christine L. Williams
- C. E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Mail Code #84, Boca Raton FL 33431, USA
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Liu ZH, Bai YD, Yu ZY, Li HY, Liu J, Tan CR, Zeng GH, Tu YF, Sun PY, Jia YJ, He JC, Wang YJ, Bu XL. Improving Blood Monocyte Energy Metabolism Enhances Its Ability to Phagocytose Amyloid-β and Prevents Alzheimer's Disease-Type Pathology and Cognitive Deficits. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1775-1788. [PMID: 37316674 PMCID: PMC10661589 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Deficiencies in the clearance of peripheral amyloid β (Aβ) play a crucial role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous studies have shown that the ability of blood monocytes to phagocytose Aβ is decreased in AD. However, the exact mechanism of Aβ clearance dysfunction in AD monocytes remains unclear. In the present study, we found that blood monocytes in AD mice exhibited decreases in energy metabolism, which was accompanied by cellular senescence, a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and dysfunctional phagocytosis of Aβ. Improving energy metabolism rejuvenated monocytes and enhanced their ability to phagocytose Aβ in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, enhancing blood monocyte Aβ phagocytosis by improving energy metabolism alleviated brain Aβ deposition and neuroinflammation and eventually improved cognitive function in AD mice. This study reveals a new mechanism of impaired Aβ phagocytosis in monocytes and provides evidence that restoring their energy metabolism may be a novel therapeutic strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hao Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yu-Di Bai
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Yu
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hui-Yun Li
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Cheng-Rong Tan
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Gui-Hua Zeng
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yun-Feng Tu
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Pu-Yang Sun
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yu-Juan Jia
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jin-Cai He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201200, China.
| | - Xian-Le Bu
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Yadav VK, Choudhary N, Gacem A, Verma RK, Abul Hasan M, Tarique Imam M, Almalki ZS, Yadav KK, Park HK, Ghosh T, Kumar P, Patel A, Kalasariya H, Jeon BH, Ali AlMubarak H. Deeper insight into ferroptosis: association with Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease, and brain tumors and their possible treatment by nanomaterials induced ferroptosis. Redox Rep 2023; 28:2269331. [PMID: 38010378 PMCID: PMC11001282 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2269331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an emerging and novel type of iron-dependent programmed cell death which is mainly caused by the excessive deposition of free intracellular iron in the brain cells. This deposited free iron exerts a ferroptosis pathway, resulting in lipid peroxidation (LiPr). There are mainly three ferroptosis pathways viz. iron metabolism-mediated cysteine/glutamate, and LiPr-mediated. Iron is required by the brain as a redox metal for several physiological activities. Due to the iron homeostasis balance disruption, the brain gets adversely affected which further causes neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, strokes, and brain tumors like glioblastoma (GBS), and glioma. Nanotechnology has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of these NDDs. A synergistic effect of nanomaterials and ferroptosis could prove to be an effective and efficient approach in the field of nanomedicine. In the current review, the authors have highlighted all the latest research in the field of ferroptosis, specifically emphasizing on the role of major molecular key players and various mechanisms involved in the ferroptosis pathway. Moreover, here the authors have also addressed the correlation of ferroptosis with the pathophysiology of NDDs and theragnostic effect of ferroptosis and nanomaterials for the prevention and treatment of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
| | - Nisha Choudhary
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
| | - Amel Gacem
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University 20 Août 1955, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Rakesh Kumar Verma
- Department of Biosciences, School of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Sikar, India
| | - Mohd Abul Hasan
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
| | - Mohammad Tarique Imam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad Saeed Almalki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Bhopal, India
- Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - Hyun-Kyung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tathagata Ghosh
- Department of Arts, School of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Sikar, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
| | - Haresh Kalasariya
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hassan Ali AlMubarak
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Bano D, Ehninger D, Bagetta G. Decoding metabolic signatures in Alzheimer's disease: a mitochondrial perspective. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:432. [PMID: 38040687 PMCID: PMC10692234 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01732-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative diseases and accounts for the majority of dementia cases worldwide. Tremendous ongoing efforts of basic and clinical research have expanded our knowledge on AD and its complex multifactorial pathogenesis. For sporadic AD, it is widely assumed that silent and early symptomatic stages initiate decades before the irreversible decline in cognitive abilities that ultimately lead to debilitating conditions. In addition to amyloid plaques and tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles as the most prominent hallmarks of AD lesions within the affected brain areas, we now possess a broader collection of pathological signatures that are associated with AD development and progression. In this regard, there is a substantial body of evidence suggesting that hypometabolism occurs in the brains of individuals at the prodromal stage before dementia is diagnosed, which may reflect an early role of metabolic dysfunction in AD. This perspective surveys the vast literature and critically assesses the current evidence demonstrating a mitochondrial contribution to AD. Additionally, we discuss our interpretations of the reported mitochondrial signatures and consider how altered mitochondrial bioenergetics may be an additional risk factor for AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
| | - Dan Ehninger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Giacinto Bagetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Science and Nutrition, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, Italy
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227
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Min K, Sahu A, Jeon SH, Tae G. Emerging drug delivery systems with traditional routes - A roadmap to chronic inflammatory diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115119. [PMID: 37898338 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is prevalent and inevitable in daily life but can generally be accommodated by the immune systems. However, incapable self-healing and persistent inflammation can progress to chronic inflammation, leading to prevalent or fatal chronic diseases. This review comprehensively covers the topic of emerging drug delivery systems (DDSs) for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs). First, we introduce the basic biology of the chronic inflammatory process and provide an overview of the main CIDs of the major organs. Next, up-to-date information on various DDSs and the associated strategies for ensuring targeted delivery and stimuli-responsiveness applied to CIDs are discussed extensively. The implementation of traditional routes of drug administration to maximize their therapeutic effects against CIDs is then summarized. Finally, perspectives on future DDSs against CIDs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoon Min
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Abhishek Sahu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Hajipur, 844102, India
| | - Sae Hyun Jeon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Giyoong Tae
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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228
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Piccirillo S, Preziuso A, Cerqueni G, Serfilippi T, Terenzi V, Vinciguerra A, Amoroso S, Lariccia V, Magi S. A strategic tool to improve the study of molecular determinants of Alzheimer's disease: The role of glyceraldehyde. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115869. [PMID: 37871878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia and is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration leading to severe cognitive, memory, and behavioral impairments. The onset of AD involves a complex interplay among various factors, including age, genetics, chronic inflammation, and impaired energy metabolism. Despite significant efforts, there are currently no effective therapies capable of modifying the course of AD, likely owing to an excessive focus on the amyloid hypothesis and a limited consideration of other intracellular pathways. In the present review, we emphasize the emerging concept of AD as a metabolic disease, where alterations in energy metabolism play a critical role in its development and progression. Notably, glucose metabolism impairment is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, Ca2+ dyshomeostasis, and protein misfolding, forming interconnected processes that perpetuate a detrimental self-feeding loop sustaining AD progression. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), neurotoxic compounds that accumulate in AD, are considered an important consequence of glucose metabolism disruption, and glyceraldehyde (GA), a glycolytic intermediate, is a key contributor to AGEs formation in both neurons and astrocytes. Exploring the impact of GA-induced glucose metabolism impairment opens up exciting possibilities for creating an easy-to-handle in vitro model that recapitulates the early stage of the disease. This model holds great potential for advancing the development of novel therapeutics targeting various intracellular pathways implicated in AD pathogenesis. In conclusion, looking beyond the conventional amyloid hypothesis could lead researchers to discover promising targets for intervention, offering the possibility of addressing the existing medical gaps in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Piccirillo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Preziuso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Cerqueni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Tiziano Serfilippi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Valentina Terenzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Antonio Vinciguerra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Amoroso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Lariccia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Simona Magi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
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229
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Nelson MR, Liu P, Agrawal A, Yip O, Blumenfeld J, Traglia M, Kim MJ, Koutsodendris N, Rao A, Grone B, Hao Y, Yoon SY, Xu Q, De Leon S, Choenyi T, Thomas R, Lopera F, Quiroz YT, Arboleda-Velasquez JF, Reiman EM, Mahley RW, Huang Y. The APOE-R136S mutation protects against APOE4-driven Tau pathology, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:2104-2121. [PMID: 37957317 PMCID: PMC10689245 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), leading to earlier age of clinical onset and exacerbating pathologies. There is a critical need to identify protective targets. Recently, a rare APOE variant, APOE3-R136S (Christchurch), was found to protect against early-onset AD in a PSEN1-E280A carrier. In this study, we sought to determine if the R136S mutation also protects against APOE4-driven effects in LOAD. We generated tauopathy mouse and human iPSC-derived neuron models carrying human APOE4 with the homozygous or heterozygous R136S mutation. We found that the homozygous R136S mutation rescued APOE4-driven Tau pathology, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. The heterozygous R136S mutation partially protected against APOE4-driven neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation but not Tau pathology. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing revealed that the APOE4-R136S mutation increased disease-protective and diminished disease-associated cell populations in a gene dose-dependent manner. Thus, the APOE-R136S mutation protects against APOE4-driven AD pathologies, providing a target for therapeutic development against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxine R Nelson
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peng Liu
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ayushi Agrawal
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Oscar Yip
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Blumenfeld
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michela Traglia
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Min Joo Kim
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Koutsodendris
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Antara Rao
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brian Grone
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yanxia Hao
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Seo Yeon Yoon
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Qin Xu
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Samuel De Leon
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tenzing Choenyi
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Reuben Thomas
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Francisco Lopera
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia de la Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Yakeel T Quiroz
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia de la Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph F Arboleda-Velasquez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear and Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Robert W Mahley
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yadong Huang
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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230
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Cook I, Leyh TS. Sterol-activated amyloid beta fibril formation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105445. [PMID: 37949224 PMCID: PMC10704437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic processes that link Alzheimer's disease (AD) to elevated cholesterol levels in the brain are not fully defined. Amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque accumulation is believed to begin decades prior to symptoms and to contribute significantly to the disease. Cholesterol and its metabolites accelerate plaque formation through as-yet-undefined mechanisms. Here, the mechanism of cholesterol (CH) and cholesterol 3-sulfate (CS) induced acceleration of Aβ42 fibril formation is examined in quantitative ligand binding, Aβ42 fibril polymerization, and molecular dynamics studies. Equilibrium and pre-steady-state binding studies reveal that monomeric Aβ42•ligand complexes form and dissociate rapidly relative to oligomerization, that the ligand/peptide stoichiometry is 1-to-1, and that the peptide is likely saturated in vivo. Analysis of Aβ42 polymerization progress curves demonstrates that ligands accelerate polymer synthesis by catalyzing the conversion of peptide monomers into dimers that nucleate the polymerization reaction. Nucleation is accelerated ∼49-fold by CH, and ∼13,000-fold by CS - a minor CH metabolite. Polymerization kinetic models predict that at presumed disease-relevant CS and CH concentrations, approximately half of the polymerization nuclei will contain CS, small oligomers of neurotoxic dimensions (∼12-mers) will contain substantial CS, and fibril-formation lag times will decrease 13-fold relative to unliganded Aβ42. Molecular dynamics models, which quantitatively predict all experimental findings, indicate that the acceleration mechanism is rooted in ligand-induced stabilization of the peptide in non-helical conformations that readily form polymerization nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Cook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Thomas S Leyh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
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231
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Bodily TA, Ramanathan A, Wei S, Karkisaval A, Bhatt N, Jerez C, Haque MA, Ramil A, Heda P, Wang Y, Kumar S, Leite M, Li T, Zhao J, Lal R. In pursuit of degenerative brain disease diagnosis: Dementia biomarkers detected by DNA aptamer-attached portable graphene biosensor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2311565120. [PMID: 37956285 PMCID: PMC10666025 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311565120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a brain disease which results in irreversible and progressive loss of cognition and motor activity. Despite global efforts, there is no simple and reliable diagnosis or treatment option. Current diagnosis involves indirect testing of commonly inaccessible biofluids and low-resolution brain imaging. We have developed a portable, wireless readout-based Graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) biosensor platform that can detect viruses, proteins, and small molecules with single-molecule sensitivity and specificity. We report the detection of three important amyloids, namely, Amyloid beta (Aβ), Tau (τ), and α-Synuclein (αS) using DNA aptamer nanoprobes. These amyloids were isolated, purified, and characterized from the autopsied brain tissues of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients. The limit of detection (LoD) of the sensor is 10 fM, 1-10 pM, 10-100 fM for Aβ, τ, and αS, respectively. Synthetic as well as autopsied brain-derived amyloids showed a statistically significant sensor response with respect to derived thresholds, confirming the ability to define diseased vs. nondiseased states. The detection of each amyloid was specific to their aptamers; Aβ, τ, and αS peptides when tested, respectively, with aptamers nonspecific to them showed statistically insignificant cross-reactivity. Thus, the aptamer-based GFET biosensor has high sensitivity and precision across a range of epidemiologically significant AD and PD variants. This portable diagnostic system would allow at-home and POC testing for neurodegenerative diseases globally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anirudh Ramanathan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Shanhong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Abhijith Karkisaval
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Nemil Bhatt
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX77555
| | - Cynthia Jerez
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX77555
| | - Md Anzarul Haque
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX77555
| | - Armando Ramil
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Prachi Heda
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL61820
| | - Mikayla Leite
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Tie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
| | - Ratnesh Lal
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA92093
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA92093
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, CA92093
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232
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Ma J, Majmudar A, Tian B. Bridging the Gap-Thermofluidic Designs for Precision Bioelectronics. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2302431. [PMID: 37975642 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics, the merging of biology and electronics, can monitor and modulate biological behaviors across length and time scales with unprecedented capability. Current bioelectronics research largely focuses on devices' mechanical properties and electronic designs. However, the thermofluidic control is often overlooked, which is noteworthy given the discipline's importance in almost all bioelectronics processes. It is believed that integrating thermofluidic designs into bioelectronics is essential to align device precision with the complexity of biofluids and biological structures. This perspective serves as a mini roadmap for researchers in both fields to introduce key principles, applications, and challenges in both bioelectronics and thermofluids domains. Important interdisciplinary opportunities for the development of future healthcare devices and precise bioelectronics will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Ma
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Aman Majmudar
- The College, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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233
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Maeda K, Sugimoto K, Tasaki M, Taniwaki T, Arima T, Shibata Y, Tateyama M, Karasugi T, Sueyoshi T, Masuda T, Uehara Y, Tokunaga T, Hisanaga S, Yugami M, Yonemitsu R, Ideo K, Matsushita K, Fukuma Y, Uragami M, Kawakami J, Yoshimura N, Takata K, Shimada M, Tanimura S, Matsunaga H, Kai Y, Takata S, Kubo R, Tajiri R, Homma F, Tian X, Ueda M, Nakamura T, Miyamoto T. Transthyretin amyloid deposition in ligamentum flavum (LF) is significantly correlated with LF and epidural fat hypertrophy in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20019. [PMID: 37973808 PMCID: PMC10654520 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a degenerative disease characterized by intermittent claudication and numbness in the lower extremities. These symptoms are caused by the compression of nerve tissue in the lumbar spinal canal. Ligamentum flavum (LF) hypertrophy and spinal epidural lipomatosis in the spinal canal are known to contribute to stenosis of the spinal canal: however, detailed mechanisms underlying LSS are still not fully understood. Here, we show that surgically harvested LFs from LSS patients exhibited significantly increased thickness when transthyretin (TTR), the protein responsible for amyloidosis, was deposited in LFs, compared to those without TTR deposition. Multiple regression analysis, which considered age and BMI, revealed a significant association between LF hypertrophy and TTR deposition in LFs. Moreover, TTR deposition in LF was also significantly correlated with epidural fat (EF) thickness based on multiple regression analyses. Mesenchymal cell differentiation into adipocytes was significantly stimulated by TTR in vitro. These results suggest that TTR deposition in LFs is significantly associated with increased LF hypertrophy and EF thickness, and that TTR promotes adipogenesis of mesenchymal cells. Therapeutic agents to prevent TTR deposition in tissues are currently available or under development, and targeting TTR could be a potential therapeutic approach to inhibit LSS development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Maeda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sugimoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tasaki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takuya Taniwaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Arima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuto Shibata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Makoto Tateyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Karasugi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takanao Sueyoshi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Masuda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yusuke Uehara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takuya Tokunaga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hisanaga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaki Yugami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Ryuji Yonemitsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Ideo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kozo Matsushita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuko Fukuma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaru Uragami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Junki Kawakami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Naoto Yoshimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kosei Takata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaki Shimada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Tanimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hideto Matsunaga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuki Kai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shu Takata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kubo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Rui Tajiri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Fuka Homma
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Xiao Tian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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234
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Cozza M, Amadori L, Boccardi V. Exploring cerebral amyloid angiopathy: Insights into pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. J Neurol Sci 2023; 454:120866. [PMID: 37931443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA) is a neurological disorder characterized by the deposition of amyloid plaques in the walls of cerebral blood vessels. This condition poses significant challenges in terms of understanding its underlying mechanisms, accurate diagnosis, and effective treatment strategies. This article aims to shed light on the complexities of CAA by providing insights into its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment options. The pathogenesis of CAA involves the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides in cerebral vessels, leading to vessel damage, impaired blood flow, and subsequent cognitive decline. Various genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development and progression of CAA, and understanding these factors is crucial for targeted interventions. Accurate diagnosis of CAA often requires advanced imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or positron emission tomography (PET) scans, to detect characteristic amyloid deposits in the brain. Early and accurate diagnosis enables appropriate management and intervention strategies. Treatment of CAA focuses on preventing further deposition of amyloid plaques, managing associated symptoms, and reducing the risk of complications such as cerebral hemorrhage. Currently, there are no disease-modifying therapies specifically approved for CAA. However, several experimental treatments targeting Aβ clearance and anti-inflammatory approaches are being investigated in clinical trials, offering hope for future therapeutic advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Amadori
- Department of Integration, Intermediate Care Programme, AUSL Bologna, Italy
| | - Virginia Boccardi
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Italy.
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235
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Atlante A, Valenti D. Mitochondrial Complex I and β-Amyloid Peptide Interplay in Alzheimer's Disease: A Critical Review of New and Old Little Regarded Findings. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15951. [PMID: 37958934 PMCID: PMC10650435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and the main cause of dementia which is characterized by a progressive cognitive decline that severely interferes with daily activities of personal life. At a pathological level, it is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal protein structures in the brain-β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and Tau tangles-which interfere with communication between neurons and lead to their dysfunction and death. In recent years, research on AD has highlighted the critical involvement of mitochondria-the primary energy suppliers for our cells-in the onset and progression of the disease, since mitochondrial bioenergetic deficits precede the beginning of the disease and mitochondria are very sensitive to Aβ toxicity. On the other hand, if it is true that the accumulation of Aβ in the mitochondria leads to mitochondrial malfunctions, it is otherwise proven that mitochondrial dysfunction, through the generation of reactive oxygen species, causes an increase in Aβ production, by initiating a vicious cycle: there is therefore a bidirectional relationship between Aβ aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we focus on the latest news-but also on neglected evidence from the past-concerning the interplay between dysfunctional mitochondrial complex I, oxidative stress, and Aβ, in order to understand how their interplay is implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Atlante
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy;
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236
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Srivastava A, Johnson M, Renna HA, Sheehan KM, Ahmed S, Palaia T, Pinkhasov A, Gomolin IH, De Leon J, Reiss AB. Therapeutic Potential of P110 Peptide: New Insights into Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2156. [PMID: 38004296 PMCID: PMC10672680 DOI: 10.3390/life13112156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial degeneration in various neurodegenerative diseases, specifically in Alzheimer's disease, involves excessive mitochondrial fission and reduced fusion, leading to cell damage. P110 is a seven-amino acid peptide that restores mitochondrial dynamics by acting as an inhibitor of mitochondrial fission. However, the role of P110 as a neuroprotective agent in AD remains unclear. Therefore, we performed cell culture studies to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of P110 on amyloid-β accumulation and mitochondrial functioning. Human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells were incubated with 1 µM and 10 µM of P110, and Real-Time PCR and Western blot analysis were done to quantify the expression of genes pertaining to AD and neuronal health. Exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to P110 significantly increased APP mRNA levels at 1 µM, while BACE1 mRNA levels were increased at both 1 µM and 10 µM. However, protein levels of both APP and BACE1 were significantly reduced at 10 µM of P110. Further, P110 treatment significantly increased ADAM10 and Klotho protein levels at 10 µM. In addition, P110 exposure significantly increased active mitochondria and reduced ROS in live SH-SY5Y cells at both 1 µM and 10 µM concentrations. Taken together, our results indicate that P110 might be useful in attenuating amyloid-β generation and improving neuronal health by maintaining mitochondrial function in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Allison B. Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA; (A.S.); (M.J.); (H.A.R.); (K.M.S.); (S.A.); (T.P.); (A.P.); (I.H.G.); (J.D.L.)
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237
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Hampel H, Elhage A, Cho M, Apostolova LG, Nicoll JAR, Atri A. Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA): radiological, biological and clinical characteristics. Brain 2023; 146:4414-4424. [PMID: 37280110 PMCID: PMC10629981 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess accumulation and aggregation of toxic soluble and insoluble amyloid-β species in the brain are a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Randomized clinical trials show reduced brain amyloid-β deposits using monoclonal antibodies that target amyloid-β and have identified MRI signal abnormalities called amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) as possible spontaneous or treatment-related adverse events. This review provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art conceptual review of radiological features, clinical detection and classification challenges, pathophysiology, underlying biological mechanism(s) and risk factors/predictors associated with ARIA. We summarize the existing literature and current lines of evidence with ARIA-oedema/effusion (ARIA-E) and ARIA-haemosiderosis/microhaemorrhages (ARIA-H) seen across anti-amyloid clinical trials and therapeutic development. Both forms of ARIA may occur, often early, during anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibody treatment. Across randomized controlled trials, most ARIA cases were asymptomatic. Symptomatic ARIA-E cases often occurred at higher doses and resolved within 3-4 months or upon treatment cessation. Apolipoprotein E haplotype and treatment dosage are major risk factors for ARIA-E and ARIA-H. Presence of any microhaemorrhage on baseline MRI increases the risk of ARIA. ARIA shares many clinical, biological and pathophysiological features with Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. There is a great need to conceptually link the evident synergistic interplay associated with such underlying conditions to allow clinicians and researchers to further understand, deliberate and investigate on the combined effects of these multiple pathophysiological processes. Moreover, this review article aims to better assist clinicians in detection (either observed via symptoms or visually on MRI), management based on appropriate use recommendations, and general preparedness and awareness when ARIA are observed as well as researchers in the fundamental understanding of the various antibodies in development and their associated risks of ARIA. To facilitate ARIA detection in clinical trials and clinical practice, we recommend the implementation of standardized MRI protocols and rigorous reporting standards. With the availability of approved amyloid-β therapies in the clinic, standardized and rigorous clinical and radiological monitoring and management protocols are required to effectively detect, monitor, and manage ARIA in real-world clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Hampel
- Eisai Inc., Alzheimer’s Disease and Brain Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Aya Elhage
- Eisai Inc., Alzheimer’s Disease and Brain Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Min Cho
- Eisai Inc., Alzheimer’s Disease and Brain Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Liana G Apostolova
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - James A R Nicoll
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Alireza Atri
- Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Banner Health, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA
- Center for Brain/Mind Medicine, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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238
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Barmaki H, Nourazarian A, Khaki-Khatibi F. Proteostasis and neurodegeneration: a closer look at autophagy in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1281338. [PMID: 38020769 PMCID: PMC10652403 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1281338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of misfolded amyloid-beta and tau proteins. Autophagy acts as a proteostasis process to remove protein clumps, although it progressively weakens with aging and AD, thus facilitating the accumulation of toxic proteins and causing neurodegeneration. This review examines the impact of impaired autophagy on the progression of AD disease pathology. Under normal circumstances, autophagy removes abnormal proteins and damaged organelles, but any dysfunction in this process can lead to the exacerbation of amyloid and tau pathology, particularly in AD. There is increasing attention to therapeutic tactics to revitalize autophagy, including reduced caloric intake, autophagy-stimulating drugs, and genetic therapy. However, the translation of these strategies into clinical practice faces several hurdles. In summary, this review integrates the understanding of the intricate role of autophagy dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease progression and reinforces the promising prospects of autophagy as a beneficial target for treatments to modify the course of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Barmaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khaki-Khatibi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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239
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Tu JC, Millar PR, Strain JF, Eck A, Adeyemo B, Daniels A, Karch C, Huey ED, McDade E, Day GS, Yakushev I, Hassenstab J, Morris J, Llibre-Guerra JJ, Ibanez L, Jucker M, Mendez PC, Bateman RJ, Perrin RJ, Benzinger T, Jack CR, Betzel R, Ances BM, Eggebrecht AT, Gordon BA, Wheelock MD. Increasing hub disruption parallels dementia severity in autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.29.564633. [PMID: 37961586 PMCID: PMC10634945 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.29.564633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Hub regions in the brain, recognized for their roles in ensuring efficient information transfer, are vulnerable to pathological alterations in neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer Disease (AD). Given their essential role in neural communication, disruptions to these hubs have profound implications for overall brain network integrity and functionality. Hub disruption, or targeted impairment of functional connectivity at the hubs, is recognized in AD patients. Computational models paired with evidence from animal experiments hint at a mechanistic explanation, suggesting that these hubs may be preferentially targeted in neurodegeneration, due to their high neuronal activity levels-a phenomenon termed "activity-dependent degeneration". Yet, two critical issues were unresolved. First, past research hasn't definitively shown whether hub regions face a higher likelihood of impairment (targeted attack) compared to other regions or if impairment likelihood is uniformly distributed (random attack). Second, human studies offering support for activity-dependent explanations remain scarce. We applied a refined hub disruption index to determine the presence of targeted attacks in AD. Furthermore, we explored potential evidence for activity-dependent degeneration by evaluating if hub vulnerability is better explained by global connectivity or connectivity variations across functional systems, as well as comparing its timing relative to amyloid beta deposition in the brain. Our unique cohort of participants with autosomal dominant Alzheimer Disease (ADAD) allowed us to probe into the preclinical stages of AD to determine the hub disruption timeline in relation to expected symptom emergence. Our findings reveal a hub disruption pattern in ADAD aligned with targeted attacks, detectable even in pre-clinical stages. Notably, the disruption's severity amplified alongside symptomatic progression. Moreover, since excessive local neuronal activity has been shown to increase amyloid deposition and high connectivity regions show high level of neuronal activity, our observation that hub disruption was primarily tied to regional differences in global connectivity and sequentially followed changes observed in Aβ PET cortical markers is consistent with the activity-dependent degeneration model. Intriguingly, these disruptions were discernible 8 years before the expected age of symptom onset. Taken together, our findings not only align with the targeted attack on hubs model but also suggest that activity-dependent degeneration might be the cause of hub vulnerability. This deepened understanding could be instrumental in refining diagnostic techniques and developing targeted therapeutic strategies for AD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Cindy Tu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Peter R Millar
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Jeremy F Strain
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Andrew Eck
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Babatunde Adeyemo
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Alisha Daniels
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Celeste Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Edward D Huey
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Eric McDade
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Gregory S Day
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA, 32224
| | - Igor Yakushev
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 81675
| | - Jason Hassenstab
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - John Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Jorge J Llibre-Guerra
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Laura Ibanez
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Mathias Jucker
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 72076
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany, 72076
| | | | - Randell J Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Richard J Perrin
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Tammie Benzinger
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Clifford R Jack
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA 55905
| | - Richard Betzel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA, 47405
| | - Beau M Ances
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Adam T Eggebrecht
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Brian A Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
| | - Muriah D Wheelock
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA, 63108
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Jabir MS, Albuhadily AK, Al-Gareeb AI, Rafeeq MF. The link between metabolic syndrome and Alzheimer disease: A mutual relationship and long rigorous investigation. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102084. [PMID: 37802319 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
It has been illustrated that metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) neuropathology. Components of MetS including central obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance (IR), and dyslipidemia adversely affect the pathogenesis of AD by different mechanisms including activation of renin-angiotensin system (RAS), inflammatory signaling pathways, neuroinflammation, brain IR, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. MetS exacerbates AD neuropathology, and targeting of molecular pathways in MetS by pharmacological approach could a novel therapeutic strategy in the management of AD in high risk group. However, the underlying mechanisms of these pathways in AD neuropathology are not completely clarified. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the association between MetS and AD regarding the oxidative and inflammatory mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haydar M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Majid S Jabir
- Department of Applied science, University of technology, Iraq.
| | - Ali K Albuhadily
- Department of Clinical pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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241
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Gaber HA, Aly EM, Mohamed ES, Elfoly M, Rabie MA, Talaat MS, El-Sayed ESM. Linking Cognitive Impairment with Amyloid-β Accumulation in Alzheimer's Disease: Insights from Behavioral Tests and FTIR Spectroscopy. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:1187-1200. [PMID: 38025802 PMCID: PMC10657722 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that progresses over time. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis gives identification of the main metabolic changes that happen during neurodegeneration, by monitoring biochemical and molecular structure alterations that can help in AD diagnosis or treatment approach. Objective The aim of the present work is to assess AD hallmarks in molecular structure of retina and monitor accumulation of amyloid beta42(Aβ42) in brain and retina during disease progression. Methods AD induced in rats by Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3). Retinal molecular structure during disease progression for 2,4,6 and 8 weeks was assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the incidence of the disease was confirmed by a behavioural assessment; the Morris Water Maze test. Aβ42 levels in the brain and retina were also measured. Results The results indicated that cognitive impairment starting from 6 weeks of AlCl3 administration. Retinal concentration of Aβ42 was significant increase (p < 0.05) from 2 weeks that precedes the observed increase of Aβ42 in the brain which appeared after 4 weeks of AlCl3 administration. Multivariate principal component analysis discovers that the variance noticed in the infrared spectra due to AD condition and it is time dependent for progression of the disease. Conclusions The accumulation of Aβ42 is a sensitive early biomarker in retina for AD. FTIR analysis of the retina revealed changes in hydrogen bond formation or destruction, alterations in lipid chain length and branching accompanied by depleted lipid content and carbonization, as well as degeneration of the retinal tissue due to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Ahmed Gaber
- Biophysics and Laser Science Unit, Visual Science Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamed Aly
- Biophysics and Laser Science Unit, Visual Science Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman Saad Mohamed
- Biophysics and Laser Science Unit, Visual Science Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Elfoly
- Ophthalmology Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Adel Rabie
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Pharmacy College, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Salah Talaat
- Biophysics Department, Science College, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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242
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He Y, Nan D, Wang H. Role of Non-Receptor-Type Tyrosine Phosphatases in Brain-Related Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6530-6541. [PMID: 37458988 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase is a class of enzymes that catalyze the dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosines in protein molecules. They are involved in cellular signaling by regulating the phosphorylation status of a variety of receptors and signaling molecules within the cell, thereby influencing cellular physiological and pathological processes. In this article, we detail multiple non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase and non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase genes involved in the pathological process of brain disease. These include PTPN6, PTPN11, and PTPN13, which are involved in glioma signaling; PTPN1, PTPN5, and PTPN13, which are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease Tau protein lesions, PTPN23, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of Epilepsy and PTPN1, which is involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. The role of mitochondrial tyrosine phosphatase in brain diseases was also discussed. Non-receptor tyrosine phosphatases have great potential for targeted therapies in brain diseases and are highly promising research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatong He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Ding Nan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
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243
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Wang SM, Kang DW, Um YH, Kim S, Lee CU, Lim HK. Functional Connectivity Change Associated With Apolipoprotein E Allotypes Precedes Structural Connectivity and Neurodegeneration in Cognitive Normal Older Adults Without Cerebral Aβ Deposition. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:1054-1060. [PMID: 37997333 PMCID: PMC10678152 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is known to influence cerebral functional connectivity (FC) in Alzheimer's disease continuum. We investigated association between APOE allotypes and FC, structural connectivity, and cortical thickness in amyloid-PET negative cognitive normal older adults (CN). METHODS A total of 188 CN (37 had ε2/ε2 or ε2/ε3 [ε2 group], 113 had ε3/ε3 [ε3 group], and 38 had ε3/ε4 or ε4/ε4 [ε4 group]) were recruited. Voxel-based morphometry and cortical thickness analysis were used to investigate differences in cortical thickness between three APOE allotypes. To investigate integrity of structural connectivity, we analyzed diffusion weighted imaging using fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity. In terms of FC, differences of FC in default mode network (DMN) among APOE allotypes were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS There were no significant differences in age, sex, education, cerebral beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition severity, or neuropsychological profiles. No significant differences were found in cortical thickness and structural connectivity among the APOE allotypes. However, FC within the DMN was significantly lower in ε4 and ε2 carriers compared to ε3 homozygotes. CONCLUSION This study suggests that both ε4 and ε2 exhibit APOE-associated DMN FC changes before Aβ deposition, structural changes, and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Min Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Hyun Um
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Uk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kook Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bruno F, Abondio P, Bruno R, Ceraudo L, Paparazzo E, Citrigno L, Luiselli D, Bruni AC, Passarino G, Colao R, Maletta R, Montesanto A. Alzheimer's disease as a viral disease: Revisiting the infectious hypothesis. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102068. [PMID: 37704050 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most frequent type of dementia in elderly people. Two major forms of the disease exist: sporadic - the causes of which have not yet been fully understood - and familial - inherited within families from generation to generation, with a clear autosomal dominant transmission of mutations in Presenilin 1 (PSEN1), 2 (PSEN2) or Amyloid Precursors Protein (APP) genes. The main hallmark of AD consists of extracellular deposits of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and intracellular deposits of the hyperphosphorylated form of the tau protein. An ever-growing body of research supports the viral infectious hypothesis of sporadic forms of AD. In particular, it has been shown that several herpes viruses (i.e., HHV-1, HHV-2, HHV-3 or varicella zoster virus, HHV-4 or Epstein Barr virus, HHV-5 or cytomegalovirus, HHV-6A and B, HHV-7), flaviviruses (i.e., Zika virus, Dengue fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus) as well as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), hepatitis viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV), SARS-CoV2, Ljungan virus (LV), Influenza A virus and Borna disease virus, could increase the risk of AD. Here, we summarized and discussed these results. Based on these findings, significant issues for future studies are also put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bruno
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), Department of Primary Care, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Di Catanzaro, Viale A. Perugini, 88046 Lamezia Terme, CZ, Italy; Association for Neurogenetic Research (ARN), Lamezia Terme, CZ, Italy
| | - Paolo Abondio
- Laboratory of Ancient DNA, Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121 Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Rossella Bruno
- Sudent at the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88050 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Leognano Ceraudo
- Sudent at the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Ersilia Paparazzo
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Luigi Citrigno
- National Research Council (CNR) - Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation - (IRIB), 87050 Mangone, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Donata Luiselli
- Laboratory of Ancient DNA, Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Amalia C Bruni
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), Department of Primary Care, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Di Catanzaro, Viale A. Perugini, 88046 Lamezia Terme, CZ, Italy; Association for Neurogenetic Research (ARN), Lamezia Terme, CZ, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Rosanna Colao
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), Department of Primary Care, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Di Catanzaro, Viale A. Perugini, 88046 Lamezia Terme, CZ, Italy
| | - Raffaele Maletta
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), Department of Primary Care, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Di Catanzaro, Viale A. Perugini, 88046 Lamezia Terme, CZ, Italy; Association for Neurogenetic Research (ARN), Lamezia Terme, CZ, Italy
| | - Alberto Montesanto
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy.
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Haferkamp U, Hartmann C, Abid CL, Brachner A, Höchner A, Gerhartl A, Harwardt B, Leckzik S, Leu J, Metzger M, Nastainczyk-Wulf M, Neuhaus W, Oerter S, Pless O, Rujescu D, Jung M, Appelt-Menzel A. Human isogenic cells of the neurovascular unit exert transcriptomic cell type-specific effects on a blood-brain barrier in vitro model of late-onset Alzheimer disease. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:78. [PMID: 37907966 PMCID: PMC10617216 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is impaired in late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD), but the associated molecular mechanisms, particularly with respect to the high-risk APOE4/4 genotype, are not well understood. For this purpose, we developed a multicellular isogenic model of the neurovascular unit (NVU) based on human induced pluripotent stem cells. METHODS The human NVU was modeled in vitro using isogenic co-cultures of astrocytes, brain capillary endothelial-like cells (BCECs), microglia-like cells, neural stem cells (NSCs), and pericytes. Physiological and pathophysiological properties were investigated as well as the influence of each single cell type on the characteristics and function of BCECs. The barriers established by BCECs were analyzed for specific gene transcription using high-throughput quantitative PCR. RESULTS Co-cultures were found to tighten the barrier of BCECs and alter its transcriptomic profile under both healthy and disease conditions. In vitro differentiation of brain cell types that constitute the NVU was not affected by the LOAD background. The supportive effect of NSCs on the barrier established by BCECs was diminished under LOAD conditions. Transcriptomes of LOAD BCECs were modulated by different brain cell types. NSCs were found to have the strongest effect on BCEC gene regulation and maintenance of the BBB. Co-cultures showed cell type-specific functional contributions to BBB integrity under healthy and LOAD conditions. CONCLUSIONS Cell type-dependent transcriptional effects on LOAD BCECs were identified. Our study suggests that different brain cell types of the NVU have unique roles in maintaining barrier integrity that vary under healthy and LOAD conditions. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Discovery Research ScreeningPort, 22525, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carla Hartmann
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty of the Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Chaudhry Luqman Abid
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty of the Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andreas Brachner
- Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, 1210, Austria
| | - Alevtina Höchner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Gerhartl
- Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, 1210, Austria
| | - Bernadette Harwardt
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty of the Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Selin Leckzik
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty of the Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jennifer Leu
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Discovery Research ScreeningPort, 22525, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marco Metzger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Winfried Neuhaus
- Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, 1210, Austria
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems, 3500, Austria
| | - Sabrina Oerter
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Discovery Research ScreeningPort, 22525, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of General Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Matthias Jung
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty of the Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Antje Appelt-Menzel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070, Würzburg, Germany.
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.
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Amin E, Elgammal YM, Zahran MA, Abdelsalam MM. Alzheimer's disease: new insight in assessing of amyloid plaques morphologies using multifractal geometry based on Naive Bayes optimized by random forest algorithm. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18568. [PMID: 37903890 PMCID: PMC10616199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45972-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a physical illness, which damages a person's brain; it is the most common cause of dementia. AD can be characterized by the formation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposits. They exhibit diverse morphologies that range from diffuse to dense-core plaques. Most of the histological images cannot be described precisely by traditional geometry or methods. Therefore, this study aims to employ multifractal geometry in assessing and classifying amyloid plaque morphologies. The classification process is based on extracting the most descriptive features related to the amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposits using the Naive Bayes classifier. To eliminate the less important features, the Random Forest algorithm has been used. The proposed methodology has achieved an accuracy of 99%, sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 98.5%. This study employed a new dataset that had not been widely used before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elshaimaa Amin
- Future Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt
- Theoretical Physics Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasmina M Elgammal
- Theoretical Physics Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - M A Zahran
- Theoretical Physics Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdelsalam
- Computers Engineering and Control Systems Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Tagmazian AA, Schwarz C, Lange C, Pitkänen E, Vuoksimaa E. ArcheD, a residual neural network for prediction of cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-beta from amyloid PET images. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.20.545686. [PMID: 37425778 PMCID: PMC10327176 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.20.545686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Detection and measurement of amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation in the brain is a key factor for early identification and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to develop a deep learning model to predict Aβ cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration directly from amyloid PET images, independent of tracers, brain reference regions or preselected regions of interest. We used 1870 Aβ PET images and CSF measurements to train and validate a convolutional neural network ("ArcheD"). We evaluated the ArcheD performance in relation to episodic memory and the standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) of cortical Aβ. We also compared the brain region's relevance for the model's CSF prediction within clinical-based and biological-based classifications. ArcheD-predicted Aβ CSF values correlated strongly with measured Aβ CSF values ( r =0.81; p <0.001) and showed correlations with SUVR and episodic memory measures in all participants except in those with AD. For both clinical and biological classifications, cerebral white matter significantly contributed to CSF prediction ( q <0.01), specifically in non-symptomatic and early stages of AD. However, in late-stage disease, brain stem, subcortical areas, cortical lobes, limbic lobe, and basal forebrain made more significant contributions (q<0.01). Considering cortical gray matter separately, the parietal lobe was the strongest predictor of CSF amyloid levels in those with prodromal or early AD, while the temporal lobe played a more crucial role for those with AD. In summary, ArcheD reliably predicted Aβ CSF concentration from Aβ PET scans, offering potential clinical utility for Aβ level determination and early AD detection.
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Akasaka T, Watanabe H, Ono M. In Vivo Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Selective for Soluble Amyloid β Aggregates Using y-Shaped BODIPY Derivative. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14029-14046. [PMID: 37824378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Soluble amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates, suggested to be the most toxic forms of Aβ, draw attention as therapeutic targets and biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As soluble Aβ aggregates are transient and diverse, imaging their diverse forms in vivo is expected to have a marked impact on research and diagnosis of AD. Herein, we report a near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probe, BAOP-16, targeting diverse soluble Aβ aggregates. BAOP-16, whose molecular shape resembles "y", showed a marked selective increase in fluorescence intensity upon binding to soluble Aβ aggregates in the near-infrared region and a high binding affinity for them. Additionally, BAOP-16 could detect Aβ oligomers in the brains of Aβ-inoculated model mice. In an in vivo fluorescence imaging study of BAOP-16, brains of AD model mice displayed significantly higher fluorescence signals than those of wild-type mice. These results indicate that BAOP-16 could be useful for the in vivo NIRF imaging of diverse soluble Aβ aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Akasaka
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Tobeh NS, Bruce KD. Emerging Alzheimer's disease therapeutics: promising insights from lipid metabolism and microglia-focused interventions. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1259012. [PMID: 38020773 PMCID: PMC10630922 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1259012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 55 million people suffer from dementia, with this number projected to double every 20 years. In the United States, 1 in 3 aged individuals dies from Alzheimer's disease (AD) or another type of dementia and AD kills more individuals than breast cancer and prostate cancer combined. AD is a complex and multifactorial disease involving amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangle formation, glial cell dysfunction, and lipid droplet accumulation (among other pathologies), ultimately leading to neurodegeneration and neuronal death. Unfortunately, the current FDA-approved therapeutics do not reverse nor halt AD. While recently approved amyloid-targeting antibodies can slow AD progression to improve outcomes for some patients, they are associated with adverse side effects, may have a narrow therapeutic window, and are expensive. In this review, we evaluate current and emerging AD therapeutics in preclinical and clinical development and provide insight into emerging strategies that target brain lipid metabolism and microglial function - an approach that may synergistically target multiple mechanisms that drive AD neuropathogenesis. Overall, we evaluate whether these disease-modifying emerging therapeutics hold promise as interventions that may be able to reverse or halt AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour S Tobeh
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Kimberley D Bruce
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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Munteanu C, Iordan DA, Hoteteu M, Popescu C, Postoiu R, Onu I, Onose G. Mechanistic Intimate Insights into the Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Alzheimer's Disease: A Recent Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15481. [PMID: 37895161 PMCID: PMC10607039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the rapidly evolving field of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) research, the intricate role of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) has garnered critical attention for its diverse involvement in both pathological substrates and prospective therapeutic paradigms. While conventional pathophysiological models of AD have primarily emphasized the significance of amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and tau protein hyperphosphorylation, this targeted systematic review meticulously aggregates and rigorously appraises seminal contributions from the past year elucidating the complex mechanisms of H2S in AD pathogenesis. Current scholarly literature accentuates H2S's dual role, delineating its regulatory functions in critical cellular processes-such as neurotransmission, inflammation, and oxidative stress homeostasis-while concurrently highlighting its disruptive impact on quintessential AD biomarkers. Moreover, this review illuminates the nuanced mechanistic intimate interactions of H2S in cerebrovascular and cardiovascular pathology associated with AD, thereby exploring avant-garde therapeutic modalities, including sulfurous mineral water inhalations and mud therapy. By emphasizing the potential for therapeutic modulation of H2S via both donors and inhibitors, this review accentuates the imperative for future research endeavors to deepen our understanding, thereby potentially advancing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Munteanu
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700454 Iași, Romania;
- Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), 041915 Bucharest, Romania; (M.H.); (R.P.); (G.O.)
| | - Daniel Andrei Iordan
- Department of Individual Sports and Kinetotherapy, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania;
| | - Mihail Hoteteu
- Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), 041915 Bucharest, Romania; (M.H.); (R.P.); (G.O.)
| | - Cristina Popescu
- Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), 041915 Bucharest, Romania; (M.H.); (R.P.); (G.O.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” (UMPCD), 020022 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Postoiu
- Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), 041915 Bucharest, Romania; (M.H.); (R.P.); (G.O.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” (UMPCD), 020022 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilie Onu
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700454 Iași, Romania;
| | - Gelu Onose
- Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), 041915 Bucharest, Romania; (M.H.); (R.P.); (G.O.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” (UMPCD), 020022 Bucharest, Romania
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