201
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Interaction of Depression and Anxiety in the Development of Mixed Anxiety/Depression Disorder. Experimental Studies of the Mechanisms of Comorbidity (review). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11055-017-0458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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202
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Chang HY, Chen SL, Shen MR, Kung ML, Chuang LM, Chen YW. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, impairs E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion and alters calcium homeostasis in pancreatic beta cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3515. [PMID: 28615694 PMCID: PMC5471211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed drugs for mood disorders. Long term use of SSRIs is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, but the underlying mechanism(s) remains elusive. E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion and elevated [Ca2+]i are important for insulin release and pancreatic β cell functions. This study aims to investigate whether a SSRI, fluoxetine (Prozac), induces pancreatic β cell dysfunction through affecting E-cadherin and/or [Ca2+]i. Here we show that fluoxetine significantly reduces glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). MIN6 cells, an established murine immortalized β cell line, form smaller colonies of loosely packed cells with reduced cell-cell contact after fluoxetine treatment. Immunofluorescence staining reveals that fluoxetine increases cytoplasmic accumulation of E-cadherin and reduces the membrane-localized E-cadherin probably due to increase of its endocytosis. Fluoxetine inhibits spreading of β cells on E-cad/Fc coated slides and also disrupts E-cadherin-mediated actin filaments. Additionally, fluoxetine significantly suppresses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium release and store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) activation, probably through reduction of ER calcium storage and inhibition of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) trafficking. These data suggest that exposure to fluoxetine results in impaired β cell functions, occurring in concert with reduction of E-cadherin-dependent cell adhesion and alterations of calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Yu Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ru Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lang Kung
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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203
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Benham RS, Hewage NB, Suckow RF, Engin E, Rudolph U. Prodepressant- and anxiogenic-like effects of serotonin-selective, but not noradrenaline-selective, antidepressant agents in mice lacking α2-containing GABA A receptors. Behav Brain Res 2017; 332:172-179. [PMID: 28587819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in neuronal inhibition via gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptors (GABAA-Rs) are implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder and the therapeutic effects of current antidepressant treatments, however, the relevant GABAA-R subtype as defined by its alpha subunit is still unknown. We previously reported anxiety- and depressive-like behavior in alpha2+/- and alpha2-/- mice, respectively (Vollenweider, 2011). We sought to determine whether this phenotype could be reversed by chronic antidepressant treatment. Adult male mice received 4 or 8mg/kg fluoxetine or 53mg/kg desipramine in their drinking water for four weeks before undergoing behavioral testing. In the novelty suppressed feeding test, desipramine had anxiolytic-like effects reducing the latencies to bite and to eat the pellet in both wild-type and alpha2+/- mice. Surprisingly, 4mg/kg fluoxetine had anxiogenic-like effects in alpha2+/- mice increasing latency to bite and to eat while 8mg/kg fluoxetine increased the latency to eat in both wild-type and alpha2+/- mice. In the forced swim and tail suspension tests, chronic desipramine treatment increased latency to immobility in wild-type and alpha2-/- mice. In contrast, chronic fluoxetine treatment increased immobility in alpha2-/- mice in both tasks while generally having no effect in wild-type mice. These findings suggest that in preclinical paradigms of anxiety and behavioral despair the antidepressant-like effects of desipramine are independent of alpha2-containing GABAA-Rs, while a reduction in alpha2 expression leads to an increased sensitivity to anxiogenic- and prodepressant-like effects with chronic fluoxetine treatment, pointing to a potential role of alpha2-containing GABAA-Rs in the response to serotonin-selective antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Benham
- Laboratory of Genetic Neuropharmacology, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Nishani B Hewage
- Laboratory of Genetic Neuropharmacology, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Raymond F Suckow
- Analytical Psychopharmacology Laboratory, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Elif Engin
- Laboratory of Genetic Neuropharmacology, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Uwe Rudolph
- Laboratory of Genetic Neuropharmacology, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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204
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Eskelund A, Li Y, Budac DP, Müller HK, Gulinello M, Sanchez C, Wegener G. Drugs with antidepressant properties affect tryptophan metabolites differently in rodent models with depression-like behavior. J Neurochem 2017; 142:118-131. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Li
- Lundbeck Research US; Paramus New Jersey USA
| | | | | | - Maria Gulinello
- Behavioral Core Facility; Department of Neuroscience; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx New York USA
| | - Connie Sanchez
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit; Risskov Denmark
- Lundbeck Research US; Paramus New Jersey USA
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205
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Prefrontal cortical glutathione-dependent defense and proinflammatory mediators in chronically isolated rats: Modulation by fluoxetine or clozapine. Neuroscience 2017; 355:49-60. [PMID: 28499974 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic psychosocial stress modulates brain antioxidant systems and causes neuroinflammation that plays a role in the pathophysiology of depression. Although the antidepressant fluoxetine (FLX) represents the first-line treatment for depression and the atypical antipsychotic clozapine (CLZ) is considered as a second-line treatment for psychotic disorders, the downstream mechanisms of action of these treatments, beyond serotonergic or dopaminergic signaling, remain elusive. We examined behavioral changes, glutathione (GSH)-dependent defense and levels of proinflammatory mediators in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of adult male Wistar rats exposed to 21days of chronic social isolation (CSIS). We also tested the ability of FLX (15mg/kg/day) or CLZ (20mg/kg/day), applied during CSIS, to prevent stress-induced changes. CSIS caused depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, compromised GSH-dependent defense, and induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation with a concomitant increase in cytosolic levels of proinflammatory mediators cyclooxigenase-2, interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the PFC. NF-κB activation and proinflammatory response in the PFC were not found in CSIS rats treated with FLX or CLZ. In contrast, only FLX preserved GSH content in CSIS rats. CLZ not only failed to protect against CSIS-induced GSH depletion, but it diminished its levels when applied to non-stressed rats. In conclusion, prefrontal cortical GSH depletion and the proinflammatory response underlying depressive- and anxiety-like states induced by CSIS were prevented by FLX. The protective effect of CLZ, which was equally effective as FLX on the behavioral level, was limited to proinflammatory components. Hence, different mechanisms underlie the protective effects of these two drugs in CSIS rats.
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206
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Ramaker MJ, Dulawa SC. Identifying fast-onset antidepressants using rodent models. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:656-665. [PMID: 28322276 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and a major contributor to the burden of suicide. A major limitation of classical antidepressants is that 2-4 weeks of continuous treatment is required to elicit therapeutic effects, prolonging the period of depression, disability and suicide risk. Therefore, the development of fast-onset antidepressants is crucial. Preclinical identification of fast-onset antidepressants requires animal models that can accurately predict the delay to therapeutic onset. Although several well-validated assay models exist that predict antidepressant potential, few thoroughly tested animal models exist that can detect therapeutic onset. In this review, we discuss and assess the validity of seven rodent models currently used to assess antidepressant onset: olfactory bulbectomy, chronic mild stress, chronic forced swim test, novelty-induced hypophagia (NIH), novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF), social defeat stress, and learned helplessness. We review the effects of classical antidepressants in these models, as well as six treatments that possess fast-onset antidepressant effects in the clinic: electroconvulsive shock therapy, sleep deprivation, ketamine, scopolamine, GLYX-13 and pindolol used in conjunction with classical antidepressants. We also discuss the effects of several compounds that have yet to be tested in humans but have fast-onset antidepressant-like effects in one or more of these antidepressant onset sensitive models. These compounds include selective serotonin (5-HT)2C receptor antagonists, a 5-HT4 receptor agonist, a 5-HT7 receptor antagonist, NMDA receptor antagonists, a TREK-1 receptor antagonist, mGluR antagonists and (2R,6R)-HNK. Finally, we provide recommendations for identifying fast-onset antidepressants using rodent behavioral models and molecular approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Ramaker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S C Dulawa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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207
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Theodoridi A, Tsalafouta A, Pavlidis M. Acute Exposure to Fluoxetine Alters Aggressive Behavior of Zebrafish and Expression of Genes Involved in Serotonergic System Regulation. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:223. [PMID: 28487628 PMCID: PMC5403945 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish, Danio rerio, is an emerging model organism in stress and neurobehavioral studies. In nature, the species forms shoals, yet when kept in pairs it exhibits an agonistic and anxiety-like behavior that leads to the establishment of dominant-subordinate relationships. Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is used as an anxiolytic tool to alter aggressive behavior in several vertebrates and as an antidepressant drug in humans. Pairs of male zebrafish were held overnight to develop dominant-subordinate behavior, either treated or non-treated for 2 h with fluoxetine (5 mg L-1), and allowed to interact once more for 1 h. Behavior was recorded both prior and after fluoxetine administration. At the end of the experiment, trunk and brain samples were also taken for cortisol determination and mRNA expression studies, respectively. Fluoxetine treatment significantly affected zebrafish behavior and the expression levels of several genes, by decreasing offensive aggression in dominants and by eliminating freezing in the subordinates. There was no statistically significant difference in whole-trunk cortisol concentrations between dominant and subordinate fish, while fluoxetine treatment resulted in higher (P = 0.004) cortisol concentrations in both groups. There were statistically significant differences between dominant and subordinate fish in brain mRNA expression levels of genes involved in stress axis (gr, mr), neural activity (bdnf, c-fos), and the serotonergic system (htr2b, slc6a4b). The significant decrease in the offensive and defensive aggression following fluoxetine treatment was concomitant with a reversed pattern in c-fos expression levels. Overall, an acute administration of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor alters aggressive behavior in male zebrafish in association with changes in the neuroendocrine mediators of coping styles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Theodoridi
- Laboratory of Fish Physiology, Department of Biology, University of CreteHeraklion, Greece
| | - Aleka Tsalafouta
- Laboratory of Fish Physiology, Department of Biology, University of CreteHeraklion, Greece
| | - Michail Pavlidis
- Laboratory of Fish Physiology, Department of Biology, University of CreteHeraklion, Greece
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208
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Bradaschia-Correa V, Josephson AM, Mehta D, Mizrahi M, Neibart SS, Liu C, Kennedy OD, Castillo AB, Egol KA, Leucht P. The Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Fluoxetine Directly Inhibits Osteoblast Differentiation and Mineralization During Fracture Healing in Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:821-833. [PMID: 27869327 PMCID: PMC5395314 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Chronic use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for the treatment of depression has been linked to osteoporosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of chronic SSRI use on fracture healing in two murine models of bone regeneration. First, we performed a comprehensive analysis of endochondral bone healing in a femur fracture model. C57/BL6 mice treated with fluoxetine, the most commonly prescribed SSRI, developed a normal cartilaginous soft-callus at 14 days after fracture and demonstrated a significantly smaller and biomechanically weaker bony hard-callus at 28 days. In order to further dissect the mechanism that resulted in a smaller bony regenerate, we used an intramembranous model of bone healing and revealed that fluoxetine treatment resulted in a significantly smaller bony callus at 7 and 14 days postinjury. In order to test whether the smaller bony regenerate following fluoxetine treatment was caused by an inhibition of osteogenic differentiation and/or mineralization, we employed in vitro experiments, which established that fluoxetine treatment decreases osteogenic differentiation and mineralization and that this effect is serotonin-independent. Finally, in a translational approach, we tested whether cessation of the medication would result in restoration of the regenerative potential. However, histologic and μCT analysis revealed non-union formation in these animals with fibrous tissue interposition within the callus. In conclusion, fluoxetine exerts a direct, inhibitory effect on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, shown in two disparate murine models of bone repair. Discontinuation of the drug did not result in restoration of the healing potential, but rather led to complete arrest of the repair process. Besides the well-established effect of SSRIs on bone homeostasis, our study provides strong evidence that fluoxetine use negatively impacts fracture healing. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Bradaschia-Correa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Langone Medical Center-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne M Josephson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Langone Medical Center-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Devan Mehta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Langone Medical Center-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Mizrahi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Langone Medical Center-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shane S Neibart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Langone Medical Center-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Langone Medical Center-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oran D Kennedy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Langone Medical Center-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alesha B Castillo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Langone Medical Center-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth A Egol
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Langone Medical Center-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philipp Leucht
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Langone Medical Center-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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209
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Peanlikhit T, Van Waes V, Pedron S, Risold PY, Haffen E, Etiévant A, Monnin J. The antidepressant-like effect of tDCS in mice: A behavioral and neurobiological characterization. Brain Stimul 2017; 10:748-756. [PMID: 28416160 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive method increasingly popular for the treatment of several brain disorders, such as major depression. Despite great enthusiasm and promising results, some studies report discrepant findings and no consensus exists for the clinical use of tDCS. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to (i) determine the most effective stimulation parameters to optimize antidepressant-like effect of tDCS in the forced-swim test in mice and (ii) identify brain regions recruited by tDCS and possibly involved in its behavioral effect using Fos immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We reported that tDCS induced long-lasting antidepressant-like effect, which varied as a function of stimulation settings including number, duration, intensity and polarity of stimulation. Interestingly, the present study also demonstrated that tDCS reduced depressive-like behaviors induced by chronic corticosterone exposure. Furthermore, behavioral outcomes induced by a single stimulation were associated with neuronal activation in the prefrontal cortex, dorsal hippocampus, ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens, whereas no overexpression of c-fos was associated with 10 stimulations. CONCLUSION The strongest behavioral response was observed with an anodal stimulation of 200 μA during 20min. The repetition of this stimulation was necessary to induce long-lasting behavioral effects that are probably associated with plastic changes in the neuronal response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanat Peanlikhit
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Vincent Van Waes
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Solène Pedron
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Pierre-Yves Risold
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Service de Psychiatrie, CHRU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1431, Inserm, CHRU Besançon, France.
| | - Adeline Etiévant
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Service de Psychiatrie, CHRU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Julie Monnin
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Service de Psychiatrie, CHRU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1431, Inserm, CHRU Besançon, France.
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210
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McCloskey MC, Young TJ, Anderson SM. Research Article: The influence of acetylcholinesterase on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in fluoxetine-treated male mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1893/bios-d-15-00013.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tyler J. Young
- Department of Biology, Saint Vincent College, Latrobe, PA 15650
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211
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Filipović D, Costina V, Perić I, Stanisavljević A, Findeisen P. Chronic fluoxetine treatment directs energy metabolism towards the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation in rat hippocampal nonsynaptic mitochondria. Brain Res 2017; 1659:41-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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212
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Nashed MG, Ungard RG, Young K, Zacal NJ, Seidlitz EP, Fazzari J, Frey BN, Singh G. Behavioural Effects of Using Sulfasalazine to Inhibit Glutamate Released by Cancer Cells: A Novel target for Cancer-Induced Depression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41382. [PMID: 28120908 PMCID: PMC5264609 DOI: 10.1038/srep41382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the lack of robust evidence of effectiveness, current treatment options for cancer-induced depression (CID) are limited to those developed for non-cancer related depression. Here, anhedonia-like and coping behaviours were assessed in female BALB/c mice inoculated with 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells. The behavioural effects of orally administered sulfasalazine (SSZ), a system xc− inhibitor, were compared with fluoxetine (FLX). FLX and SSZ prevented the development of anhedonia-like behaviour on the sucrose preference test (SPT) and passive coping behaviour on the forced swim test (FST). The SSZ metabolites 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and sulfapyridine (SP) exerted an effect on the SPT but not on the FST. Although 5-ASA is a known anti-inflammatory agent, neither treatment with SSZ nor 5-ASA/SP prevented tumour-induced increases in serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6, which are indicated in depressive disorders. Thus, the observed antidepressant-like effect of SSZ may primarily be attributable to the intact form of the drug, which inhibits system xc−. This study represents the first attempt at targeting cancer cells as a therapeutic strategy for CID, rather than targeting downstream effects of tumour burden on the central nervous system. In doing so, we have also begun to characterize the molecular pathways of CID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina G Nashed
- Department of Pathology &Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Robert G Ungard
- Department of Pathology &Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberly Young
- Department of Pathology &Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Natalie J Zacal
- Department of Pathology &Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Eric P Seidlitz
- Department of Pathology &Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Fazzari
- Department of Pathology &Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3K7, Canada.,Mood Disorders Program and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, ON, L8P 3K7, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- Department of Pathology &Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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213
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Antidepressant responsiveness in adulthood is permanently impaired after neonatal destruction of the neurogenic pool. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e990. [PMID: 28045461 PMCID: PMC5545723 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic turnover of hippocampal neurons is implicated in the regulation of cognitive and affective behavior. Extending our previous demonstration that administration of dexamethasone (ND) to neonatal rats depletes the resident population of neural precursor cells (NPC) and restrains the size of the neurogenic regions, we now show that the adverse effects of ND persist into adulthood. Specifically, ND impairs repletion of the neurogenic pool and neurogenesis; ND also compromises cognitive performance, the ability to actively adapt to an acute stressor and, the efficacy of glucocorticoid (GC) negative feedback. Interestingly, although ND depletes the neurogenic pool, it does not permanently abolish the proliferative machinery of the residual NPC population; however, ND increases the susceptibility of hippocampal granule neurons to apoptosis. Although the antidepressant fluoxetine (FLX) reverses the latter phenomenon, it does not replenish the NPC pool. Treatment of ND-treated adult rats with FLX also improves GC negative feedback, albeit without rescuing the deleterious effects of ND on behavior. In summary, ND leads to protracted disruption of mental functions, some of which are resistant to antidepressant interventions. We conclude that manipulation of the NPC pool during early life may jeopardize the therapeutic potential of antidepressants in adulthood.
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214
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Alboni S, Poggini S, Garofalo S, Milior G, El Hajj H, Lecours C, Girard I, Gagnon S, Boisjoly-Villeneuve S, Brunello N, Wolfer DP, Limatola C, Tremblay MÈ, Maggi L, Branchi I. Fluoxetine treatment affects the inflammatory response and microglial function according to the quality of the living environment. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 58:261-271. [PMID: 27474084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), the most common treatment for major depression, affect mood through changes in immune function. However, the effects of SSRIs on inflammatory response are contradictory since these act either as anti- or pro-inflammatory drugs. Previous experimental and clinical studies showed that the quality of the living environment moderates the outcome of antidepressant treatment. Therefore, we hypothesized that the interplay between SSRIs and the environment may, at least partially, explain the apparent incongruence regarding the effects of SSRI treatment on the inflammatory response. In order to investigate such interplay, we exposed C57BL/6 mice to chronic stress to induce a depression-like phenotype and, subsequently, to fluoxetine treatment or vehicle (21days) while being exposed to either an enriched or a stressful condition. At the end of treatment, we measured the expression levels of several anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators in the whole hippocampus and in isolated microglia. We also determined microglial density, distribution, and morphology to investigate their surveillance state. Results show that the effects of fluoxetine treatment on inflammation and microglial function, as compared to vehicle, were dependent on the quality of the living environment. In particular, fluoxetine administered in the enriched condition increased the expression of pro-inflammatory markers compared to vehicle, while treatment in a stressful condition produced anti-inflammatory effects. These findings provide new insights regarding the effects of SSRIs on inflammation, which may be crucial to devise pharmacological strategies aimed at enhancing antidepressant efficacy by means of controlling environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Alboni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Poggini
- Section of Behavioural Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Garofalo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Milior
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris 75013, France
| | - Hassan El Hajj
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 2705, boulevard Laurier, Québec, Canada
| | - Cynthia Lecours
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 2705, boulevard Laurier, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Girard
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 2705, boulevard Laurier, Québec, Canada
| | - Steven Gagnon
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 2705, boulevard Laurier, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Nicoletta Brunello
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - David P Wolfer
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Pasteur Institute Rome-Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 2705, boulevard Laurier, Québec, Canada
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Igor Branchi
- Section of Behavioural Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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215
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Lawson SK, Gray AC, Woehrle NS. Effects of oxytocin on serotonin 1B agonist-induced autism-like behavior in mice. Behav Brain Res 2016; 314:52-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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216
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Chronic stress prior to pregnancy potentiated long-lasting postpartum depressive-like behavior, regulated by Akt-mTOR signaling in the hippocampus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35042. [PMID: 27756905 PMCID: PMC5069466 DOI: 10.1038/srep35042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) affects over 10% of new mothers and adversely impacts the health of offspring. One of the greatest risk factors for PPD is prepregnancy stress but the underlying biological mechanism is unknown. Here we constructed an animal model which recapitulated prepregnancy stress induced PPD and tested the role of Akt-mTOR signaling in the hippocampus. Female virgin Balb/c mice received chronic restraint stress, followed by co-housing with a normal male mouse. We found that the chronic stress led to a transient depressive-like condition that disappeared within two weeks. However, prepregnantly stressed females developed long-term postpartum depressive-like (PPD-like) symptoms as indicated by deficient performance in tests of sucrose preference, forced swim, and novelty-suppressed feeding. Chronic stress induced transient decrease in Akt-mTOR signaling and altered expressions of glutamate receptor subunits NR1 and GluR1, in contrast to long-term deficits in Akt-mTOR signaling, GluR1/NR1 ratio, and hippocampal neurogenesis in PPD-like mice. Acute ketamine improved the molecular signaling abnormality, and reversed the behavioral deficits in PPD-like mice in a rapid and persistent manner, in contrast to ineffectiveness by chronic fluoxetine treatment. Taken together, we find that chronic prepregnancy stress potentiates a long-term PPD, in which Akt-mTOR signaling may play a crucial role.
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217
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Hagihara H, Shoji H, Miyakawa T. Immaturity of brain as an endophenotype of neuropsychiatric disorders. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2016; 148:168-175. [PMID: 27725563 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.148.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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218
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Abstract
Recent meta-analyses report a 70 % increase in fracture risk in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) users compared to non-users; however, included studies were observational and limited in their ability to establish causality. Here, we use the Bradford Hill criteria to explore causality between SSRIs and fractures. We found a strong, consistent, and temporal relationship between SSRIs and fractures, which appears to follow a biological gradient. However, specificity and biological plausibility remain concerns. In terms of specificity, the majority of available data have limitations due to either confounding by indication or channeling bias. Self-controlled case series address some of these limitations and provide relatively strong observational evidence for a causal relationship between SSRIs and fracture. In doing so, they suggest that falls contribute to fractures in SSRI users. Whether there are also underlying changes in skeletal properties remains unresolved. Initial studies provide some evidence for skeletal effects of SSRIs; however, the pathways involved need to be established before biological plausibility can be accepted. As the link between SSRIs and fractures is based on observational data and not evidence from prospective trials, there is insufficient evidence to definitively determine a causal relationship and it appears premature to label SSRIs as a secondary cause of osteoporosis. SSRIs appear to contribute to fracture-inducing falls, and addressing any fall risk associated with SSRIs may be an efficient approach to reducing SSRI-related fractures. As fractures stemming from SSRI-induced falls are more likely in individuals with compromised bone health, it is worth considering bone density testing and intervention for those presenting with risk factors for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Warden
- Center for Translational Musculoskeletal Research and Department of Physical Therapy, School of the Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, 1140 W. Michigan St., CF-120, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Robyn K Fuchs
- Center for Translational Musculoskeletal Research and Department of Physical Therapy, School of the Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, 1140 W. Michigan St., CF-120, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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219
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Chronic Kappa opioid receptor activation modulates NR2B: Implication in treatment resistant depression. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33401. [PMID: 27634008 PMCID: PMC5025743 DOI: 10.1038/srep33401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychotomimetic and prodepressive effect by kappa opioid receptor (KOR) activation in rodents and human is widely known. Significantly, recent clinical investigations demonstrated the salutary effects of KOR antagonists in patients with treatment resistant depression, indicating essential role of KOR signaling in refractory depression. This study was undertaken to reveal the molecular determinant of KOR mediated depression and antidepressant response of KOR antagonist. We observed that chronic KOR activation by U50488, a selective KOR agonist, significantly increased depression like symptoms (behavioral despair, anhedonia and sociability) in C57BL/6J mice, which were blocked by KOR antagonist norBNI and antidepressant imipramine, but not by fluoxetine or citalopram. Further, chronic KOR activation increased phosphorylation of NR2B subunit of NMDA at tyrosine 1472 (pNR2B NMDA) in the hippocampus, but not in the cortex. Similar to behavioral effects norBNI and imipramine, but not SSRIs, blocked NR2B phosphorylation. Moreover, KOR induced depression like behaviors were reversed by NR2B selective inhibitor Ro 25-6981. Mechanistic studies in primary cultured neurons and brain tissues using genetic and pharmacological approaches revealed that stimulation of KOR modulates several molecular correlates of depression. Thus, these findings elucidate molecular mechanism of KOR signaling in treatment resistant depression like behaviors in mice.
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220
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Zhou L, Ma SL, Yeung PKK, Wong YH, Tsim KWK, So KF, Lam LCW, Chung SK. Anxiety and depression with neurogenesis defects in exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 2-deficient mice are ameliorated by a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Prozac. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e881. [PMID: 27598965 PMCID: PMC5048194 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular cAMP and serotonin are important modulators of anxiety and depression. Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) also known as Prozac, is widely used against depression, potentially by activating cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through protein kinase A (PKA). However, the role of Epac1 and Epac2 (Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors, RAPGEF3 and RAPGEF4, respectively) as potential downstream targets of SSRI/cAMP in mood regulations is not yet clear. Here, we investigated the phenotypes of Epac1 (Epac1(-/-)) or Epac2 (Epac2(-/-)) knockout mice by comparing them with their wild-type counterparts. Surprisingly, Epac2(-/-) mice exhibited a wide range of mood disorders, including anxiety and depression with learning and memory deficits in contextual and cued fear-conditioning tests without affecting Epac1 expression or PKA activity. Interestingly, rs17746510, one of the three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in RAPGEF4 associated with cognitive decline in Chinese Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, was significantly correlated with apathy and mood disturbance, whereas no significant association was observed between RAPGEF3 SNPs and the risk of AD or neuropsychiatric inventory scores. To further determine the detailed role of Epac2 in SSRI/serotonin/cAMP-involved mood disorders, we treated Epac2(-/-) mice with a SSRI, Prozac. The alteration in open field behavior and impaired hippocampal cell proliferation in Epac2(-/-) mice were alleviated by Prozac. Taken together, Epac2 gene polymorphism is a putative risk factor for mood disorders in AD patients in part by affecting the hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S L Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P K K Yeung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y H Wong
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K W K Tsim
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K F So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China,Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - L C W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S K Chung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China,Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F, Laboratory Block, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China. E-mail:
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221
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Farhan M, Haleem DJ. Anxiolytic profile of fluoxetine as monitored following repeated administration in animal rat model of chronic mild stress. Saudi Pharm J 2016; 24:571-578. [PMID: 27752230 PMCID: PMC5059824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI), has been proposed to be more effective as an antidepressive drug as compared to other SSRIs. After chronic SSRI administration, the increase in synaptic levels of 5-HT leads to desensitization of somatodentritic 5-HT autoreceptors in the raphe nuclei. Chronic stress may alter behavioral, neurochemical and physiological responses to drug challenges and novel stressors. Methods: Twenty four male rats were used in this study. Animals of CMS group were exposed to CMS. Animals of stressed and unstressed group were administrated with fluoxetine at dose of 1.0 mg/kg s well as 5.0 mg/kg repeatedly for 07 days 1 h before exposed to CMS. The objective of the present study was to evaluate that repeated treatment with fluoxetine could attenuate CMS-induced behavioral deficits. Results: Treatment with fluoxetine attenuated CMS-induced behavioral deficits. Fluoxetine administration induced hypophagia in unstressed as well as CMS rats. Acute and repeated administration of fluoxetine increased motor activity in familiar environment but only repeated administration increased exploratory activity in open field. Anxiolytic effects of fluoxetine were greater in unstressed rats. These anxiolytic effects were produced as result of repeated administration not on acute administration of fluoxetine at 1.0 mg/kg as well as 5.0 mg/kg. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that CMS exposure resulted into behavioral deficits and produced depressive-like symptoms. Fluoxetine, an SSRI, administration attenuated behavioral deficits induced by CMS. Anxiolytic effects of repeated fluoxetine administration were greater in unstressed than CMS animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farhan
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Darakshan Jabeen Haleem
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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222
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Cunha V, Rodrigues P, Santos MM, Moradas-Ferreira P, Ferreira M. Danio rerio embryos on Prozac - Effects on the detoxification mechanism and embryo development. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 178:182-189. [PMID: 27513977 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade the presence of psychopharmaceuticals, including fluoxetine (FLU), in the aquatic environment has been associated with the increasing trend in human consumption of these substances. Aquatic organisms are usually exposed to chronic low doses and, therefore, risk assessments should evaluate the effects of these compounds in non-target organisms. Teleost fish possess an array of active defence mechanisms to cope with the deleterious effects of xenobiotics. These include ABC transporters, phase I and II of cellular detoxification and oxidative stress enzymes. Hence, the present study aimed at characterising the effect of FLU on embryo development of the model teleost zebrafish (Danio rerio) concomitantly with changes in the detoxification mechanisms during early developmental phases. Embryos were exposed to different concentrations of FLU (0.0015, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 0.8μM) for 80hours post fertilization. Development was screened and the impact in the transcription of key genes, i.e., abcb4, abcc1, abcc2, abcg2, cyp1a, cyp3a65, gst, sod, cat, ahr, pxr, pparα, pparβ, pparγ, rxraa, rxrab, rxrbb, rxrga, rxrgb, raraa, rarab, rarga evaluated. In addition, accumulation assays were performed to measure the activity of ABC proteins and antioxidant enzymes (CAT and Cu/ZnSOD) after exposure to FLU. Embryo development was disrupted at the lowest FLU concentration tested (0.0015μM), which is in the range of concentrations found in WWTP effluents. Embryos exposed to higher concentrations of FLU decreased Cu/Zn SOD, and increased CAT (0.0015 and 0.5μM) enzymatic activity. Exposure to higher concentrations of FLU decreased the expression of most genes belonging to the detoxification system and upregulated cat at 0.0015μM of FLU. Most of the tested concentrations downregulated pparα, pparβ, pparγ, and raraa, rxraa, rxrab, rxrbb rxrgb and ahr gene expression while pxr was significantly up regulated at all tested concentrations. In conclusion, this study shows that FLU can impact zebrafish embryo development, at concentrations found in effluents of WWTPs, concomitantly with changes in antioxidant enzymes, and the transcription of key genes involved in detoxification and development. These finding raises additional concerns supporting the need to monitor the presence of this compound in aquatic reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cunha
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Coastal and Marine Environmental Toxicology Lab, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS/UP-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - P Rodrigues
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Coastal and Marine Environmental Toxicology Lab, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS/UP-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - M M Santos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Coastal and Marine Environmental Toxicology Lab, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; FCUP-Dept of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - P Moradas-Ferreira
- ICBAS/UP-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; I3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Ferreira
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Coastal and Marine Environmental Toxicology Lab, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; School of Marine Studies, Faculty of Science, Techonology and Environment, The University of South Pacific, Laucala Bay Road, Suva, Fiji Islands
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223
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Sanders J, Mayford M. Chronic fluoxetine dissociates contextual from auditory fear memory. Neurosci Lett 2016; 632:152-6. [PMID: 27592057 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fluoxetine is a medication used to treat Major Depressive Disorder and other psychiatric conditions. These experiments studied the effects of chronic fluoxetine treatment on the contextual versus auditory fear memory of mice. We found that chronic fluoxetine treatment of adult mice impaired their contextual fear memory, but spared auditory fear memory. Hippocampal perineuronal nets, which are involved in contextual fear memory plasticity, were unaltered by fluoxetine treatment. These data point to a selective inability to form contextual fear memory as a result of fluoxetine treatment, and they suggest that a blunting of hippocampal-mediated aversive memory may be a therapeutic action for this medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Sanders
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0603, United States.
| | - Mark Mayford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0603, United States
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224
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The absence of 5-HT 4 receptors modulates depression- and anxiety-like responses and influences the response of fluoxetine in olfactory bulbectomised mice: Adaptive changes in hippocampal neuroplasticity markers and 5-HT 1A autoreceptor. Neuropharmacology 2016; 111:47-58. [PMID: 27586007 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies support a critical role of 5-HT4 receptors (5-HT4Rs) in depression and anxiety, but their influence in depression- and anxiety-like behaviours and the effects of antidepressants remain partly unknown. We evaluated 5-HT4R knockout (KO) mice in different anxiety and depression paradigms and mRNA expression of some neuroplasticity markers (BDNF, trkB and Arc) and the functionality of 5-HT1AR. Moreover, the implication of 5-HT4Rs in the behavioural and molecular effects of chronically administered fluoxetine was assessed in naïve and olfactory bulbectomized mice (OBX) of both genotypes. 5-HT4R KO mice displayed few specific behavioural impairments including reduced central activity in the open-field (anxiety), and decreased sucrose consumption and nesting behaviour (anhedonia). In these mice, we measured increased levels of BDNF and Arc mRNA and reduced levels of trkB mRNA in the hippocampus, and a desensitization of 5-HT1A autoreceptors. Chronic administration of fluoxetine elicited similar behavioural effects in WT and 5-HT4R KO mice on anxiety-and depression-related tests. Following OBX, locomotor hyperactivity and anxiety were similar in both genotypes. Interestingly, chronic fluoxetine failed to reverse this OBX-induced syndrome in 5-HT4R KO mice, a response associated with differential effects in hippocampal neuroplasticity biomarkers. Fluoxetine reduced hippocampal Arc and BDNF mRNA expressions in WT but not 5-HT4R KO mice subjected to OBX. These results demonstrate that the absence of 5-HT4Rs triggers adaptive changes that could maintain emotional states, and that the behavioural and molecular effects of fluoxetine under pathological depression appear to be critically dependent on 5-HT4Rs.
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225
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Peng M, Zhang C, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Nakazawa H, Kaneki M, Zheng H, Shen Y, Marcantonio ER, Xie Z. Battery of behavioral tests in mice to study postoperative delirium. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29874. [PMID: 27435513 PMCID: PMC4951688 DOI: 10.1038/srep29874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative delirium is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and cost. However, its neuropathogenesis remains largely unknown, partially owing to lack of animal model(s). We therefore set out to employ a battery of behavior tests, including natural and learned behavior, in mice to determine the effects of laparotomy under isoflurane anesthesia (Anesthesia/Surgery) on these behaviors. The mice were tested at 24 hours before and at 6, 9 and 24 hours after the Anesthesia/Surgery. Composite Z scores were calculated. Cyclosporine A, an inhibitor of mitochondria permeability transient pore, was used to determine potential mitochondria-associated mechanisms of these behavioral changes. Anesthesia/Surgery selectively impaired behaviors, including latency to eat food in buried food test, freezing time and time spent in the center in open field test, and entries and duration in the novel arm of Y maze test, with acute onset and various timecourse. The composite Z scores quantitatively demonstrated the Anesthesia/Surgery-induced behavior impairment in mice. Cyclosporine A selectively ameliorated the Anesthesia/Surgery-induced reduction in ATP levels, the increases in latency to eat food, and the decreases in entries in the novel arm. These findings suggest that we could use a battery of behavior tests to establish a mouse model to study postoperative delirium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Peng
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129-2060, USA
| | - Ce Zhang
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129-2060, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlin Dong
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129-2060, USA
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129-2060, USA
| | - Harumasa Nakazawa
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129-2060, USA
| | - Masao Kaneki
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129-2060, USA
| | - Hui Zheng
- Massachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yuan Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Edward R. Marcantonio
- Divisions of General Medicine and Primary Care and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Zhongcong Xie
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129-2060, USA
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226
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Di Rosso ME, Palumbo ML, Genaro AM. Immunomodulatory effects of fluoxetine: A new potential pharmacological action for a classic antidepressant drug? Pharmacol Res 2016; 109:101-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Holleran KM, Wilson HH, Fetterly TL, Bluett RJ, Centanni SW, Gilfarb RA, Rocco LER, Patel S, Winder DG. Ketamine and MAG Lipase Inhibitor-Dependent Reversal of Evolving Depressive-Like Behavior During Forced Abstinence From Alcohol Drinking. Neuropsychopharmacology 2016; 41:2062-71. [PMID: 26751284 PMCID: PMC4908652 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although alcoholism and depression are highly comorbid, treatment options that take this into account are lacking, and mouse models of alcohol (ethanol (EtOH)) intake-induced depressive-like behavior have not been well established. Recent studies utilizing contingent EtOH administration through prolonged two-bottle choice access have demonstrated depression-like behavior following EtOH abstinence in singly housed female C57BL/6J mice. In the present study, we found that depression-like behavior in the forced swim test (FST) is revealed only after a protracted (2 weeks), but not acute (24 h), abstinence period. No effect on anxiety-like behavior in the EPM was observed. Further, we found that, once established, the affective disturbance is long-lasting, as we observed significantly enhanced latencies to approach food even 35 days after ethanol withdrawal in the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT). We were able to reverse affective disturbances measured in the NSFT following EtOH abstinence utilizing the N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist and antidepressant ketamine but not memantine, another NMDAR antagonist. Pretreatment with the monoacylglycerol (MAG) lipase inhibitor JZL-184 also reduced affective disturbances in the NSFT in ethanol withdrawn mice, and this effect was prevented by co-administration of the CB1 inverse agonist rimonabant. Endocannabinoid levels were decreased within the BLA during abstinence compared with during drinking. Finally, we demonstrate that the depressive behaviors observed do not require a sucrose fade and that this drinking paradigm may favor the development of habit-like EtOH consumption. These data could set the stage for developing novel treatment approaches for alcohol-withdrawal-induced mood and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Holleran
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Neuroscience Program in Substance Abuse, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hadley H Wilson
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tracy L Fetterly
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Neuroscience Program in Substance Abuse, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rebecca J Bluett
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Samuel W Centanni
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Neuroscience Program in Substance Abuse, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rachel A Gilfarb
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lauren E R Rocco
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sachin Patel
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Neuroscience Program in Substance Abuse, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Danny G Winder
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Neuroscience Program in Substance Abuse, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Neuroscience Program in Substance Abuse, Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37221, USA, Tel: +1 615 322 1462, Fax: +1 615 322 1144, E-mail:
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Garcia-Garcia AL, Navarro-Sobrino M, Pilosof G, Banerjee P, Dranovsky A, Leonardo ED. 5-HT 1A Agonist Properties Contribute to a Robust Response to Vilazodone in the Novelty Suppressed Feeding Paradigm. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 19:pyw057. [PMID: 27352617 PMCID: PMC5091830 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in 5-HT 1A receptor function have been implicated in vulnerability to depression and in response to treatment. Adding 5-HT 1A partial agonists to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors has been touted as a strategy to increase their efficacy. Here we use the novelty suppressed feeding paradigm to compare the effects of vilazodone, a high-potency selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, with high affinity for 5-HT 1A receptors to the reference selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine across several mouse strains that differ in their response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. METHODS To confirm 5-HT 1A agonist activity, body temperature was measured after acute administration of vilazodone or fluoxetine, as administration of 5-HT 1A agonists induces hypothermia. We next used 3 strains of mice to examine the effects of the drugs on latency in the novelty suppressed feeding, a paradigm generally sensitive to chronic but not acute effects of antidepressants. RESULTS Vilazodone induces robust hypothermia and blocks stress-induced hyperthermia in a 5-HT 1A -dependent manner, consistent with agonist effects at 5-HT 1A autoreceptors. In 129SvEv mice, vilazodone (10mg/kg/d) reduces the latency to eat in the novelty suppressed feeding test within 8 days, while no effect of fluoxetine (20mg/kg/d) was detected at that time. In contrast, both vilazodone and fluoxetine are effective at decreasing latency to eat in the novelty suppressed feeding paradigm in a strain with low autoreceptor levels. In mice with higher autoreceptor levels, no significant difference was detected between fluoxetine and vehicle ( P=. 8) or vilazodone and vehicle ( P =.06). CONCLUSION In mice, vilazodone may offer advantages in time of onset and efficacy over a reference selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in the novelty suppressed feeding test.
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Wang Q, Long Y, Hang A, Zan GY, Shu XH, Wang YJ, Liu JG. The anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of ATPM-ET, a novel κ agonist and μ partial agonist, in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:2411-8. [PMID: 27113225 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4292-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Opioid receptors are implicated in the regulation of motivation and emotion. However, animal studies show that activation of κ opioid receptor produces contrasting mood-altering effects in models of anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors, and consequently, the role of κ receptor in mood control remains unsettled. The effect of κ/μ opioid combination in emotion regulation was unexplored. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of (-)-3-N-ethylaminothiazolo [5,4-b]-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan hydrochloride (ATPM-ET), a novel κ agonist and μ partial agonist, in regulating emotional responses. METHODS The emotional responses of ATPM-ET were detected in the elevated plus maze (EPM), open field test (OFT), forced swim test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST). Selective κ antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI) and μ antagonist β-funaltrexamine (β-FNA) were applied to determine the type of receptor involved. The conditioned place aversion model was used to evaluate the effects on aversive emotion. RESULTS In the EPM and OFT, ATPM-ET (1 and 2 mg/kg, s.c.) significantly increased the time spent in the open arm and in the central area, respectively. In the FST and TST, ATPM-ET (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, s.c.) significantly reduced the duration of immobility. These effects were prevented by nor-BNI (10 mg/kg, i.p., -24 h), but not by β-FNA (10 and20 mg/kg, i.p., -24 h) pretreatment. At the dose of 2 mg/kg, ATPM-ET did not induce conditioned place aversion. CONCLUSIONS ATPM-ET, at doses from 0.5 to 2 mg/kg, produced anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects without inducing aversive emotion. These effects were more closely mediated by activation of κ receptor than μ receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yu Long
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ai Hang
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gui-Ying Zan
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Shu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Yu-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jing-Gen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Haj-Mirzaian A, Kordjazy N, Ostadhadi S, Amiri S, Haj-Mirzaian A, Dehpour A. Fluoxetine reverses the behavioral despair induced by neurogenic stress in mice: role of N-methyl-d-aspartate and opioid receptors. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:599-612. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Opioid and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors mediate different effects of fluoxetine. We investigated whether opioid and NMDA receptors are involved in the protective effect of fluoxetine against the behavioral despair induced by acute physical stress in male mice. We used the forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), and open-field test (OFT) for behavioral evaluation. We used fluoxetine, naltrexone (opioid receptor antagonist), MK-801 (NMDA receptor antagonist), morphine (opioid receptor agonist), and NMDA (NMDA receptor agonist). Acute foot-shock stress (FSS) significantly induced behavioral despair (depressive-like) and anxiety-like behaviors in tests. Fluoxetine (5 mg/kg) reversed the depressant-like effect of FSS, but it did not alter the locomotion and anxiety-like behavior in animals. Acute administration of subeffective doses of naltrexone (0.3 mg/kg) or MK-801 (0.01 mg/kg) potentiated the antidepressant-like effect of fluoxetine, while subeffective doses of morphine (1 mg/kg) and NMDA (75 mg/kg) abolished this effect of fluoxetine. Also, co-administration of subeffective doses of naltrexone (0.05 mg/kg) and MK-801 (0.003 mg/kg) with fluoxetine (1 mg/kg) induced a significant decrease in the immobility time in FST and TST. Our results showed that opioid and NMDA receptors (alone or in combination) are involved in the antidepressant-like effect of fluoxetine against physical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Haj-Mirzaian
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Kordjazy
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sattar Ostadhadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Amiri
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arvin Haj-Mirzaian
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - AhmadReza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
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231
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Yang N, Ren Z, Zheng J, Feng L, Li D, Gao K, Zhang L, Liu Y, Zuo P. 5-(4-hydroxy-3-dimethoxybenzylidene)-rhodanine (RD-1)-improved mitochondrial function prevents anxiety- and depressive-like states induced by chronic corticosterone injections in mice. Neuropharmacology 2016; 105:587-593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Pham TH, Mendez-David I, Defaix C, Guiard BP, Tritschler L, David DJ, Gardier AM. Ketamine treatment involves medial prefrontal cortex serotonin to induce a rapid antidepressant-like activity in BALB/cJ mice. Neuropharmacology 2016; 112:198-209. [PMID: 27211253 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Unlike classic serotonergic antidepressant drugs, ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, exhibits a rapid and persistent antidepressant (AD) activity, at sub-anaesthetic doses in treatment-resistant depressed patients and in preclinical studies in rodents. The mechanisms mediating this activity are unclear. Here, we assessed the role of the brain serotonergic system in the AD-like activity of an acute sub-anaesthetic ketamine dose. We compared ketamine and fluoxetine responses in several behavioral tests currently used to predict anxiolytic/antidepressant-like potential in rodents. We also measured their effects on extracellular serotonin levels [5-HT]ext in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFCx) and brainstem dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), a serotonergic nucleus involved in emotional behavior, and on 5-HT cell firing in the DRN in highly anxious BALB/cJ mice. Ketamine (10 mg/kg i.p.) had no anxiolytic-like effect, but displayed a long lasting AD-like activity, i.e., 24 h post-administration, compared to fluoxetine (18 mg/kg i.p.). Ketamine (144%) and fluoxetine (171%) increased mPFCx [5-HT]ext compared to vehicle. Ketamine-induced AD-like effect was abolished by a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) pointing out the role of the 5-HT system in its behavioral activity. Interestingly, increase in cortical [5-HT]ext following intra-mPFCx ketamine bilateral injection (0.25 μg/side) was correlated with its AD-like activity as measured on swimming duration in the FST in the same mice. Furthermore, pre-treatment with a selective AMPA receptor antagonist (intra-DRN NBQX) blunted the effects of intra-mPFCx ketamine on both the swimming duration in the FST and mPFCx [5-HT]ext suggesting that the AD-like activity of ketamine required activation of DRN AMPA receptors and recruited the prefrontal cortex/brainstem DRN neural circuit in BALB/c mice. These results confirm a key role of cortical 5-HT release in ketamine's AD-like activity following the blockade of glutamatergic NMDA receptors. Tight interactions between mPFCx glutamatergic and serotonergic systems may explain the differences in this activity between ketamine and fluoxetine in vivo. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Ionotropic glutamate receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Pham
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, INSERM UMR-S 1178, Chatenay Malabry, 92290, France
| | - I Mendez-David
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, INSERM UMR-S 1178, Chatenay Malabry, 92290, France
| | - C Defaix
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, INSERM UMR-S 1178, Chatenay Malabry, 92290, France
| | - B P Guiard
- UMR5169 CNRS "Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale », Toulouse, 31062, France
| | - L Tritschler
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, INSERM UMR-S 1178, Chatenay Malabry, 92290, France
| | - D J David
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, INSERM UMR-S 1178, Chatenay Malabry, 92290, France
| | - A M Gardier
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, INSERM UMR-S 1178, Chatenay Malabry, 92290, France.
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233
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Lee H, Won H, Im J, Kim YO, Lee S, Cho IH, Kim HK, Kwon JT, Kim HJ. Effect of Valeriana fauriei extract on the offspring of adult rats exposed to prenatal stress. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:251-8. [PMID: 27220809 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposing a pregnant female to stress is a risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorders in the offspring. In the present study, we examined the effects of an extract of Valeriana fauriei (VF) root (100 mg/kg/day, administered on postnatal days 35-56) on behavioral patterns as well as protein expression in the prefrontal cortex of the offspring of prenatally-stressed rats. Modified behavioral tests, including the forced swim test, the open field test, a social interaction test and the prepulse inhibition test were performed and many of the parameters were found to decrease in the offspring of the rats exposed to PNS compared with the offspring of the non-stressed rats. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses of the prefrontal cortex revealed that the downregulation of several neurodevelopmental proteins in the offspring of rats dams exposed to PNS was reversed after treatment with VF extract. These findings demonstrate that the downregulation of several proteins in the prefrontal cortex of the offspring of prenatally‑stressed rats may be associated with subsequent behavioral changes, and that these phenomena recovered following VF treatment. Our results suggest that VF decreases the incidence of prenatal stress related-psychiatric disorders, such as depression and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwayoung Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Won
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Im
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ock Kim
- Development of Ginseng and Medical Plants Research Institute, Rural Administration, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Hyun Cho
- Department of Convergence Medical Science and Brain Korea 21 Plus Program, Institute of Korean Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ki Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Tack Kwon
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Jae Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Brachman RA, McGowan JC, Perusini JN, Lim SC, Pham TH, Faye C, Gardier AM, Mendez-David I, David DJ, Hen R, Denny CA. Ketamine as a Prophylactic Against Stress-Induced Depressive-like Behavior. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 79:776-786. [PMID: 26037911 PMCID: PMC4633406 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress exposure is one of the greatest risk factors for psychiatric illnesses like major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. However, not all individuals exposed to stress develop affective disorders. Stress resilience, the ability to experience stress without developing persistent psychopathology, varies from individual to individual. Enhancing stress resilience in at-risk populations could potentially protect against stress-induced psychiatric disorders. Despite this fact, no resilience-enhancing pharmaceuticals have been identified. METHODS Using a chronic social defeat (SD) stress model, learned helplessness (LH), and a chronic corticosterone (CORT) model in mice, we tested if ketamine could protect against depressive-like behavior. Mice were administered a single dose of saline or ketamine and then 1 week later were subjected to 2 weeks of SD, LH training, or 3 weeks of CORT. RESULTS SD robustly and reliably induced depressive-like behavior in control mice. Mice treated with prophylactic ketamine were protected against the deleterious effects of SD in the forced swim test and in the dominant interaction test. We confirmed these effects in LH and the CORT model. In the LH model, latency to escape was increased following training, and this effect was prevented by ketamine. In the CORT model, a single dose of ketamine blocked stress-induced behavior in the forced swim test, novelty suppressed feeding paradigm, and the sucrose splash test. CONCLUSIONS These data show that ketamine can induce persistent stress resilience and, therefore, may be useful in protecting against stress-induced disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josephine C McGowan
- Departments of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York.; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute/Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc., New York, New York
| | - Jennifer N Perusini
- Departments of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York.; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute/Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc., New York, New York
| | - Sean C Lim
- Departments of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York.; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute/Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc., New York, New York
| | - Thu Ha Pham
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S 1178 Santé Publique, Santé Mentale, Université Paris-Sud, Fac Pharmacie, Université Paris Saclay, France
| | - Charlene Faye
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S 1178 Santé Publique, Santé Mentale, Université Paris-Sud, Fac Pharmacie, Université Paris Saclay, France
| | - Alain M Gardier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S 1178 Santé Publique, Santé Mentale, Université Paris-Sud, Fac Pharmacie, Université Paris Saclay, France
| | - Indira Mendez-David
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S 1178 Santé Publique, Santé Mentale, Université Paris-Sud, Fac Pharmacie, Université Paris Saclay, France
| | - Denis J David
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S 1178 Santé Publique, Santé Mentale, Université Paris-Sud, Fac Pharmacie, Université Paris Saclay, France
| | - René Hen
- Departments of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York.; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute/Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc., New York, New York.; Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Christine A Denny
- Departments of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York.; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute/Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc., New York, New York..
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Gunduz-Cinar O, Flynn S, Brockway E, Kaugars K, Baldi R, Ramikie TS, Cinar R, Kunos G, Patel S, Holmes A. Fluoxetine Facilitates Fear Extinction Through Amygdala Endocannabinoids. Neuropsychopharmacology 2016; 41:1598-609. [PMID: 26514583 PMCID: PMC4832021 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2015.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacologically elevating brain endocannabinoids (eCBs) share anxiolytic and fear extinction-facilitating properties with classical therapeutics, including the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine. There are also known functional interactions between the eCB and serotonin systems and preliminary evidence that antidepressants cause alterations in brain eCBs. However, the potential role of eCBs in mediating the facilitatory effects of fluoxetine on fear extinction has not been established. Here, to test for a possible mechanistic contribution of eCBs to fluoxetine's proextinction effects, we integrated biochemical, electrophysiological, pharmacological, and behavioral techniques, using the extinction-impaired 129S1/Sv1mJ mouse strain. Chronic fluoxetine treatment produced a significant and selective increase in levels of anandamide in the BLA, and an associated decrease in activity of the anandamide-catabolizing enzyme, fatty acid amide hydrolase. Slice electrophysiological recordings showed that fluoxetine-induced increases in anandamide were associated with the amplification of eCB-mediated tonic constraint of inhibitory, but not excitatory, transmission in the BLA. Behaviorally, chronic fluoxetine facilitated extinction retrieval in a manner that was prevented by systemic or BLA-specific blockade of CB1 receptors. In contrast to fluoxetine, citalopram treatment did not increase BLA eCBs or facilitate extinction. Taken together, these findings reveal a novel, obligatory role for amygdala eCBs in the proextinction effects of a major pharmacotherapy for trauma- and stressor-related disorders and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Gunduz-Cinar
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA,Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5625 Fishers Lane, Room 2N09, Rockville, MD 20852-9411, USA, Tel: +1 301 443 4052, Fax: +1 301 480 8035, E-mail: or
| | - Shaun Flynn
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emma Brockway
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katherine Kaugars
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rita Baldi
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Teniel S Ramikie
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiological Studies, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiological Studies, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sachin Patel
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrew Holmes
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA,Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5625 Fishers Lane, Room 2N09, Rockville, MD 20852-9411, USA, Tel: +1 301 443 4052, Fax: +1 301 480 8035, E-mail: or
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Otsuka S, Ohkido T, Itakura M, Watanabe S, Yamamori S, Iida Y, Saito M, Miyaoka H, Takahashi M. Dual mechanisms of rapid expression of anxiety-related behavior in pilocarpine-treated epileptic mice. Epilepsy Res 2016; 123:55-67. [PMID: 27132018 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A mouse model of epilepsy was generated by inducing status epilepticus (SE) for either 1.5 or 4.5h with pilocarpine to study anxiety-related behaviors, changes in the electroencephalogram of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, and expression of hippocampal proteins. The viability and rate of success of SE induction were high in C57BL/6N mice but not in C57BL/6J mice. C57BL/6N mice were immotile during the first 2days after SE; however, by the third day, most mice were recovered and exhibited strong anxiety-related behaviors in response to the light/dark preference test and open field test. There was a striking difference in the temporal appearance of anxiety-related behavior between the two SE durations: 1.5h SE mice exhibited strong anxiety-related behavior 3days after SE that gradually attenuated over the next few weeks, whereas 4.5h SE mice exhibited strong anxiety-related behavior 3days after SE that persisted even at nearly 1year after SE. Mice receiving both SE durations exhibited generalized seizures (GS) after SE; however, there was a marked difference in the timing and duration of GS appearance. Mice in the 4.5h SE group exhibited spontaneous GS from 4days to at least 96days after SE. In contrast, mice in the 1.5h SE group exhibited GS only within the first several days after SE; however, epileptic spike clusters continuously appeared in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus for up to twelve days after SE. Among the hippocampal proteins tested, only brain derived-neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exhibited altered expression in parallel with anxiety-related behavior. These results showed the possibility that BDNF expression in the hippocampus might cause anxiety-related behavior in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Otsuka
- Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Taro Ohkido
- Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Makoto Itakura
- Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Watanabe
- Department of Psychiatry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Asamizodai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0380, Japan.
| | - Saori Yamamori
- Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Yuuki Iida
- Department of Psychiatry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Asamizodai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0380, Japan.
| | - Masanori Saito
- Department of Psychiatry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Asamizodai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0380, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Miyaoka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Asamizodai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0380, Japan.
| | - Masami Takahashi
- Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
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237
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Wang YJ, Hang A, Lu YC, Long Y, Zan GY, Li XP, Wang Q, Zhao ZX, He L, Chi ZQ, Liu JG. κ Opioid receptor activation in different brain regions differentially modulates anxiety-related behaviors in mice. Neuropharmacology 2016; 110:92-101. [PMID: 27106167 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
κ Opioid receptor system is widely implicated in the regulation of emotion. However, the findings about the role on anxiety in rodents are highly controversial, since both anxiogenic- and anxiolytic-like effects have been reported with κ opioid receptor activation. The mechanism and the underlying neuroanatomical substrates are unexplored. In the present study, we first investigated the effects of κ agonist U50,488H on anxiety-related behaviors over a wide range of doses, and we found that U50,488H produced dual effects in anxiety, with low dose being anxiogenic and high dose being anxiolytic. To assess the potential neuroanatomical substrates, we used phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase1/2 (pERK1/2) to map the underlying neural circuits. We found that the anxiogenic effect of U50,488H was paralleled by an increase of pERK1/2 in the nucleus accumbens, whereas the anxiolytic effect was paralleled by an increase of pERK1/2 in the lateral septal nucleus. We then examined the behavioral consequences with locally microinjection of U50,488H, and we found that microinjection of U50,488H into the nucleus accumbens exerted anxiogenic-like effects, whereas microinjection of U50,488H into the lateral septal nucleus. Both effects can be abolished by κ antagonist nor-BNI pretreatment. To the best of our knowledge, the present work firstly provides the neuroanatomical sites that mediating the dual anxiogenic- and anxiolytic-like effects of U50,488H in mice. This study may help to explain current controversial role of κ receptor activation in anxiety-related behaviors in rodents, and may open new perspectives in the areas of anxiety disorders and κ receptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ai Hang
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu-Chen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Gui-Ying Zan
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xue-Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zeng-Xiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Chi
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing-Gen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, China.
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238
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Su J, Chen J, Lippold K, Monavarfeshani A, Carrillo GL, Jenkins R, Fox MA. Collagen-derived matricryptins promote inhibitory nerve terminal formation in the developing neocortex. J Cell Biol 2016; 212:721-36. [PMID: 26975851 PMCID: PMC4792079 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201509085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory synapses comprise only ∼20% of the total synapses in the mammalian brain but play essential roles in controlling neuronal activity. In fact, perturbing inhibitory synapses is associated with complex brain disorders, such as schizophrenia and epilepsy. Although many types of inhibitory synapses exist, these disorders have been strongly linked to defects in inhibitory synapses formed by Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons. Here, we discovered a novel role for an unconventional collagen-collagen XIX-in the formation of Parvalbumin(+) inhibitory synapses. Loss of this collagen results not only in decreased inhibitory synapse number, but also in the acquisition of schizophrenia-related behaviors. Mechanistically, these studies reveal that a proteolytically released fragment of this collagen, termed a matricryptin, promotes the assembly of inhibitory nerve terminals through integrin receptors. Collectively, these studies not only identify roles for collagen-derived matricryptins in cortical circuit formation, but they also reveal a novel paracrine mechanism that regulates the assembly of these synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Su
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA 24016
| | - Jiang Chen
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA 24016
| | - Kumiko Lippold
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA 24016
| | - Aboozar Monavarfeshani
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA 24016 Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | | | - Rachel Jenkins
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Michael A Fox
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA 24016 Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
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239
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Shah AP, Carreno FR, Wu H, Chung YA, Frazer A. Role of TrkB in the anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like effects of vagal nerve stimulation: Comparison with desipramine. Neuroscience 2016; 322:273-86. [PMID: 26899129 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A current hypothesis regarding the mechanism of antidepressant (AD) action suggests the involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Consistent with this hypothesis, the receptor for BDNF (and neurotrophin 4/5 (NT-4/5)), Tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), is activated in rodents by treatment with classical AD drugs. Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), a therapy for treatment resistant depression (TRD), also activates TrkB in rodents. However, the role of this receptor in the therapeutic effects of VNS is unclear. In the current study, the involvement of TrkB in the effects of VNS was investigated in rats using its inhibitor, K252a. Anxiolytic-like and AD-like effects were analyzed using the novelty suppressed feeding test (NSFT) and forced swim test (FST), respectively. K252a blocked the anxiolytic-like effect of chronic VNS treatment and the AD-like effect of acute VNS treatment. By contrast, blocking TrkB did not prevent either the anxiolytic-like or AD-like effect of chronic treatment with desipramine (DMI), a selective noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor; it did, however, block the acute effect of DMI in the FST. To examine whether the activation of TrkB caused by either VNS or DMI is ligand-dependent, use was made of TrkB-Fc, a molecular scavenger for ligands of TrkB. Intraventricular administration of TrkB-Fc blocked the acute activation of TrkB induced by either treatment, indicating that treatment-induced activation of this receptor is ligand-dependent. The behavioral results highlight differences in the involvement of TrkB in the chronic effects of an AD drug and a stimulation therapy as well as its role in acute versus chronic effects of DMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - F R Carreno
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - H Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Y A Chung
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - A Frazer
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA; South Texas Veterans Health Care System (STVHCS), Audie L. Murphy Division, San Antonio, TX, USA
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240
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Guirado R, La Terra D, Bourguignon M, Carceller H, Umemori J, Sipilä P, Nacher J, Castrén E. Effects of PSA Removal from NCAM on the Critical Period Plasticity Triggered by the Antidepressant Fluoxetine in the Visual Cortex. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:22. [PMID: 26903807 PMCID: PMC4743432 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal plasticity peaks during critical periods of postnatal development and is reduced towards adulthood. Recent data suggests that windows of juvenile-like plasticity can be triggered in the adult brain by antidepressant drugs such as Fluoxetine. Although the exact mechanisms of how Fluoxetine promotes such plasticity remains unknown, several studies indicate that inhibitory circuits play an important role. The polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecules (PSA-NCAM) has been suggested to mediate the effects of Fluoxetine and it is expressed in the adult brain by mature interneurons. Moreover, the enzymatic removal of PSA by neuroaminidase-N not only affects the structure of interneurons but also has been shown to play a role in the onset of critical periods during development. We have here used ocular dominance plasticity in the mouse visual cortex as a model to investigate whether removal of PSA might influence the Fluoxetine-induced plasticity. We demonstrate that PSA removal in the adult visual cortex alters neither the baseline ocular dominance, nor the fluoxetine-induced shift in the ocular dominance. We also show that both chronic Fluoxetine treatment and PSA removal independently increase the basal FosB expression in parvalbumin (PV) interneurons in the primary visual cortex. Therefore, our data suggest that although PSA-NCAM regulates inhibitory circuitry, it is not required for the reactivation of juvenile-like plasticity triggered by Fluoxetine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Guirado
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
| | - Danilo La Terra
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mathieu Bourguignon
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto UniversityHelsinki, Finland; Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and LanguageDonostia, Spain
| | - Hector Carceller
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, CIBERSAM, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia Valencia, Spain
| | - Juzoh Umemori
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pia Sipilä
- Neuroscience Center, University of HelsinkiHelsinki, Finland; Max Planck Institute for NeurobiologyMartinsried, Germany
| | - Juan Nacher
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, CIBERSAM, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia Valencia, Spain
| | - Eero Castrén
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
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241
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Ostadhadi S, Haj-Mirzaian A, Nikoui V, Kordjazy N, Dehpour AR. Involvement of opioid system in antidepressant-like effect of the cannabinoid CB1receptor inverse agonist AM-251 after physical stress in mice. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 43:203-12. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sattar Ostadhadi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center; Neuroscience Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Arya Haj-Mirzaian
- Experimental Medicine Research Center; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Vahid Nikoui
- Experimental Medicine Research Center; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Nastaran Kordjazy
- Experimental Medicine Research Center; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Ahmad-Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center; Neuroscience Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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242
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Ansai S, Hosokawa H, Maegawa S, Kinoshita M. Chronic fluoxetine treatment induces anxiolytic responses and altered social behaviors in medaka, Oryzias latipes. Behav Brain Res 2016; 303:126-36. [PMID: 26821288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Medaka (Oryzias latipes) is a small freshwater teleost that is an emerging model system for neurobehavioral research and toxicological testing. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor class of antidepressants such as fluoxetine is one of the widely prescribed drugs, but little is known about the effects of these drugs on medaka behaviors. To assess the behavioral effects of fluoxetine, we chronically administrated fluoxetine to medaka adult fish and analyzed the anxiety-related and social behaviors using five behavioral paradigms (diving, open-field, light-dark transition, mirror-biting, and social interaction) with an automated behavioral testing system. Fish chronically treated with fluoxetine exhibited anxiolytic responses such as an overall increased time spent in the top area in the diving test and an increased time spent in center area in the open-field test. Analysis of socially evoked behavior showed that chronic fluoxetine administration decreased the number of mirror biting times in the mirror-biting test and increased latency to first contact in the social interaction test. Additionally, chronic fluoxetine administration reduced the horizontal locomotor activity in the open-field test but not the vertical activity in the diving test. These investigations are mostly consistent with previous reports in the other teleost species and rodent models. These results indicate that behavioral assessment in medaka adult fish will become useful for screening of effects of pharmaceutical and toxicological compounds in animal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ansai
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Hosokawa
- Department of Intelligence Science and Technology, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Shingo Maegawa
- Department of Intelligence Science and Technology, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Kinoshita
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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243
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Yun S, Donovan MH, Ross MN, Richardson DR, Reister R, Farnbauch LA, Fischer SJ, Riethmacher D, Gershenfeld HK, Lagace DC, Eisch AJ. Stress-Induced Anxiety- and Depressive-Like Phenotype Associated with Transient Reduction in Neurogenesis in Adult Nestin-CreERT2/Diphtheria Toxin Fragment A Transgenic Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147256. [PMID: 26795203 PMCID: PMC4721672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and anxiety involve hippocampal dysfunction, but the specific relationship between these mood disorders and adult hippocampal dentate gyrus neurogenesis remains unclear. In both humans with MDD and rodent models of depression, administration of antidepressants increases DG progenitor and granule cell number, yet rodents with induced ablation of DG neurogenesis typically do not demonstrate depressive- or anxiety-like behaviors. The conflicting data may be explained by the varied duration and degree to which adult neurogenesis is reduced in different rodent neurogenesis ablation models. In order to test this hypothesis we examined how a transient–rather than permanent–inducible reduction in neurogenesis would alter depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors. Transgenic Nestin-CreERT2/floxed diphtheria toxin fragment A (DTA) mice (Cre+DTA+) and littermates (Cre+DTA-; control) were given tamoxifen (TAM) to induce recombination and decrease nestin-expressing stem cells and their progeny. The decreased neurogenesis was transient: 12 days post-TAM Cre+DTA+ mice had fewer DG proliferating Ki67+ cells and fewer DCX+ neuroblasts/immature neurons relative to control, but 30 days post-TAM Cre+DTA+ mice had the same DCX+ cell number as control. This ability of DG neurogenesis to recover after partial ablation also correlated with changes in behavior. Relative to control, Cre+DTA+ mice tested between 12–30 days post-TAM displayed indices of a stress-induced anxiety phenotype–longer latency to consume highly palatable food in the unfamiliar cage in the novelty-induced hypophagia test, and a depression phenotype–longer time of immobility in the tail suspension test, but Cre+DTA+ mice tested after 30 days post-TAM did not. These findings suggest a functional association between adult neurogenesis and stress induced anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, where induced reduction in DCX+ cells at the time of behavioral testing is coupled with stress-induced anxiety and a depressive phenotype, and recovery of DCX+ cell number corresponds to normalization of these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Yun
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Michael H. Donovan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Michele N. Ross
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Devon R. Richardson
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Robin Reister
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Laure A. Farnbauch
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Stephanie J. Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Dieter Riethmacher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Human Development and Health, School of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton University, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Howard K. Gershenfeld
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Diane C. Lagace
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AJE); (DCL)
| | - Amelia J. Eisch
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AJE); (DCL)
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244
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Corticosterone exposure augments sensitivity to the behavioral and neuroplastic effects of fluoxetine in C57BL/6 mice. Neurobiol Stress 2016; 3:34-42. [PMID: 26844246 PMCID: PMC4730790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Both genetic background and pre-existing stress play critical roles in the effects of antidepressant drugs. The current studies showed this principal by demonstrating that exposure to the stress hormone corticosterone (CORT) allowed behavioral and neurogenic effects to emerge following chronic treatment with fluoxetine of C57BL/6 mice, a strain ordinarily resistant to these effects. Adult male mice were implanted subcutaneously with 21-day slow-release CORT pellets (10 mg) or placebo and then co-treated with 5 mg/kg fluoxetine (b.i.d., i.p.) or saline for 14 days. Animals were then assessed for approach behavior in the novelty-induced hypophagia (NIH) test, hippocampal cell proliferation, corticosteroid receptor expression, and CORT plasma levels. Co-treatment of CORT with fluoxetine significantly reduced approach behavior in the novel environment of the NIH test and increased hippocampal cell proliferation whereas fluoxetine given alone was ineffective. CORT given alone did not alter approach behavior in the novel environment and caused a smaller increase of cell proliferation. The CORT effect was blocked by adrenalectomy and was likely due to increased adrenal feedback. Cell proliferation in CORT-treated animals was associated with reduced mineralocorticoid, but not glucocorticoid, receptor mRNA expression. Although the pellets were advertised to release CORT for 21 days, plasma CORT levels were increased at 1 day after implantation but were not sustained when measured at 7 days or longer intervals. Nevertheless, the transient CORT increase was sufficient to induce long-lasting behavioral and molecular changes when followed by fluoxetine treatment. These studies warrant further investigation into the role of glucocorticoids and environmental stress as adjunctive facilitators of the response to antidepressants, especially for treatment-resistant patients. C57BL/6J mice are not responsive to behavioral and neurogenic effects of chronic fluoxetine. CORT reduced anxiogenic behavior, increased hippocampal neurogenesis in response to fluoxetine. CORT pellets are not effective in sustaining elevated plasma CORT levels.
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245
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Kim S, Kim S, Khalid A, Jeong Y, Jeong B, Lee ST, Jung KH, Chu K, Lee SK, Jeon D. Rhythmical Photic Stimulation at Alpha Frequencies Produces Antidepressant-Like Effects in a Mouse Model of Depression. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145374. [PMID: 26727023 PMCID: PMC4699699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Current therapies for depression consist primarily of pharmacological agents, including antidepressants, and/or psychiatric counseling, such as psychotherapy. However, light therapy has recently begun to be considered as an effective tool for the treatment of the neuropsychiatric behaviors and symptoms of a variety of brain disorders or diseases, including depression. One methodology employed in light therapy involves flickering photic stimulation within a specific frequency range. The present study investigated whether flickering and flashing photic stimulation with light emitting diodes (LEDs) could improve depression-like behaviors in a corticosterone (CORT)-induced mouse model of depression. Additionally, the effects of the flickering and flashing lights on depressive behavior were compared with those of fluoxetine. Rhythmical flickering photic stimulation at alpha frequencies from 9–11 Hz clearly improved performance on behavioral tasks assessing anxiety, locomotor activity, social interaction, and despair. In contrast, fluoxetine treatment did not strongly improve behavioral performance during the same period compared with flickering photic stimulation. The present findings demonstrated that LED-derived flickering photic stimulation more rapidly improved behavioral outcomes in a CORT-induced mouse model of depression compared with fluoxetine. Thus, the present study suggests that rhythmical photic stimulation at alpha frequencies may aid in the improvement of the quality of life of patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinheun Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kim
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH), Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Arshi Khalid
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jeong
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Jeong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Tae Lee
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH), Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Hwa Jung
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH), Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kon Chu
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH), Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (DJ); (KC); (SKL)
| | - Sang Kun Lee
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH), Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (DJ); (KC); (SKL)
| | - Daejong Jeon
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH), Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (DJ); (KC); (SKL)
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Ho EV, Thompson SL, Katzka WR, Sharifi MF, Knowles JA, Dulawa SC. Clinically effective OCD treatment prevents 5-HT1B receptor-induced repetitive behavior and striatal activation. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:57-70. [PMID: 26423528 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4086-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Serotonin-1B receptor (5-HT1BR) agonist treatment induces obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)-like behaviors including locomotor stereotypy, prepulse inhibition deficits, and delayed alternation disruptions, which are selectively prevented by clinically effective OCD treatment. However, the role of 5-HT1BRs in modulating other repetitive behaviors or OCD-like patterns of brain activation remains unclear. OBJECTIVES We assessed the effects of 5-HT1BR agonism on digging, grooming, and open field behaviors in mice. We also quantified effects on neuronal activation in brain regions overactivated in OCD. Finally, we assessed whether effects of the 5-HT1BR challenge could be blocked by clinically effective, but not ineffective, drug treatments. METHODS Mice were tested in open field, dig, and splash tests after acute treatment with saline, 1, 3, 5, or 10 mg/kg RU24969 (5-HT1B/1A agonist). Behavioral effects of RU24969 were also tested following co-treatment with vehicle, 1 mg/kg WAY100635 (5-HT1A antagonist) and 5 or 10 mg/kg GR127935 (5HT1B/D antagonist). Separate mice were behaviorally assessed following chronic pretreatment with vehicle with 10 mg/kg fluoxetine or 20 mg/kg desipramine and acute treatment with saline or 10 mg/kg RU24969. Brains were analyzed for Fos expression in the orbitofrontal cortex, the dorsal striatum, and the cerebellum. RESULTS RU24969 induced robust locomotor stereotypy and decreased rearing, digging, and grooming. Effects were blocked by GR127935 but not by WAY100635. RU24969 also increased Fos expression in the dorsal striatum. Chronic fluoxetine, but not desipramine, alleviated 5-HT1BR-induced effects. CONCLUSIONS We report novel 5-HT1BR-induced behaviors and striatal activation that were alleviated only by clinically effective pharmacological OCD treatment. Studying the mechanisms underlying these effects could provide insight into OCD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily V Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. Room R018, MC 3077, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Summer L Thompson
- Committee on Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - William R Katzka
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. Room R018, MC 3077, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Mitra F Sharifi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. Room R018, MC 3077, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - James A Knowles
- Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Stephanie C Dulawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. Room R018, MC 3077, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. .,Committee on Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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247
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Parker MO. Adult vertebrate behavioural aquatic toxicology: Reliability and validity. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 170:323-329. [PMID: 26358137 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Current advances in the ability to assay adult aquatic vertebrate behaviour are potentially very useful to aquatic toxicologists wishing to characterise the effects of pollutants on behaviour, cognition or neurodevelopment. This review considers two specific challenges faced by researchers wishing to exploit these technologies: maximising reliability and validity. It will suggest two behavioural procedures, with the potential for automation and high-throughput implementation, which can be used to measure social cohesion and anxiety, two areas of interest in behavioural aquatic toxicology. In addition, the review will make recommendations about how these procedures (and others) could be carried out to maximise reliability and validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew O Parker
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
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de Sá-Calçada D, Roque S, Branco C, Monteiro S, Cerqueira-Rodrigues B, Sousa N, Palha JA, Correia-Neves M. Exploring Female Mice Interstrain Differences Relevant for Models of Depression. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:335. [PMID: 26696854 PMCID: PMC4674561 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is an extremely heterogeneous disorder. Diverse molecular mechanisms have been suggested to underlie its etiology. To understand the molecular mechanisms responsible for this complex disorder, researchers have been using animal models extensively, namely mice from various genetic backgrounds and harboring distinct genetic modifications. The use of numerous mouse models has contributed to enrich our knowledge on depression. However, accumulating data also revealed that the intrinsic characteristics of each mouse strain might influence the experimental outcomes, which may justify some conflicting evidence reported in the literature. To further understand the impact of the genetic background, we performed a multimodal comparative study encompassing the most relevant parameters commonly addressed in depression, in three of the most widely used mouse strains: Balb/c, C57BL/6, and CD-1. Moreover, female mice were selected for this study taken into account the higher prevalence of depression in women and the fewer animal studies using this gender. Our results show that Balb/c mice have a more pronounced anxious-like behavior than CD-1 and C57BL/6 mice, whereas C57BL/6 animals present the strongest depressive-like trait. Furthermore, C57BL/6 mice display the highest rate of proliferating cells and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) expression levels in the hippocampus, while hippocampal dentate granular neurons of Balb/c mice show smaller dendritic lengths and fewer ramifications. Of notice, the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNos) predict 39.5% of the depressive-like behavior index, which suggests a key role of hippocampal iNOS in depression. Overall, this study reveals important interstrain differences in several behavioral dimensions and molecular and cellular parameters that should be considered when preparing and analyzing experiments addressing depression using mouse models. It further contributes to the literature by revealing the predictive value of hippocampal iNos expression levels in depressive-like behavior, irrespectively of the mouse strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela de Sá-Calçada
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Research Group – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Susana Roque
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Research Group – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Carlos Branco
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Research Group – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Susana Monteiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Research Group – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Bruno Cerqueira-Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Research Group – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Research Group – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Joana A. Palha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Research Group – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Margarida Correia-Neves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Research Group – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
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Roni MA, Rahman S. Effects of lobeline and reboxetine, fluoxetine, or bupropion combination on depression-like behaviors in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sun X, Zhou Z, Liu T, Zhao M, Zhao S, Xiao T, Jolkkonen J, Zhao C. Fluoxetine Enhances Neurogenesis in Aged Rats with Cortical Infarcts, but This is not Reflected in a Behavioral Recovery. J Mol Neurosci 2015; 58:233-42. [PMID: 26474565 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0662-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Age is associated with poor outcome and impaired functional recovery after stroke. Fluoxetine, which is widely used in clinical practice, can regulate hippocampal neurogenesis in young rodents. As the rate of neurogenesis is dramatically reduced during aging, we studied the effect of post-stroke fluoxetine treatment on neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and subgranular zone (SGZ) of dentate gyrus (DG) and whether this would be associated with any behavioral recovery after the cortical infarct in aged rats. Aged rats were randomly assigned to four groups: sham-operated rats, sham-operated rats treated with fluoxetine, rats subjected to cerebral ischemia, and rats with ischemia treated with fluoxetine. Focal cortical ischemia was induced by intracranial injection of vasoconstrictive peptide, endothelin-1 (ET-1). Fluoxetine was administered in the drinking water for 3 weeks starting 1 week after ischemia at a dose of 18 mg/kg/day. Behavioral recovery was evaluated on post-stroke days 29 to 31 after which the survival rate and fate of proliferating cells in the SVZ and DG were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis was measured with the TUNEL assay. The results indicated that chronic fluoxetine treatment after stroke enhanced the proliferation of newborn neurons in the SVZ, but not in SGZ, and it suppressed perilesional apoptosis. Fluoxetine treatment did not affect the survival or differentiation of newly generated cells in the SVZ i.e., the enhanced neurogenesis was not translated into a behavioral outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Sun
- Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Zhike Zhou
- Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Jukka Jolkkonen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, P. O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Chuansheng Zhao
- Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China.
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