201
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Analysis of hepatic and retinal cell microRNAome during AAV infection reveals their diverse impact on viral transduction and cellular physiology. Gene 2020; 724:144157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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202
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Zhang W, Dong Z, Xu M, Zhang S, Liu C, Chen S. SWI/SNF complex subunit BAF60a represses hepatic ureagenesis through a crosstalk between YB-1 and PGC-1α. Mol Metab 2019; 32:85-96. [PMID: 32029232 PMCID: PMC6953711 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Ureagenesis predominantly occurs in the liver and functions to remove ammonia, and the dysregulation of ureagenesis leads to the development of hyperammonemia. Recent studies have shown that ureagenesis is under the control of nutrient signals, but the mechanism remains elusive. Therefore, intensive investigation of the molecular mechanism underlying ureagenesis will shed some light on the pathology of metabolic diseases related to ammonia imbalance. Methods Mice were fasted for 24 h or fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. For human evaluation, we obtained a public data set including 41 obese patients with and without hepatic steatosis. We analyzed the expression levels of hepatic BAF60a under different nutrient status. The impact of BAF60a on ureagenesis and hyperammonemia was assessed by using gain- and loss-of-function strategies. The molecular chaperons mediating the effects of BAF60a on ureagenesis were validated by molecular biological strategies. Results BAF60a was induced in the liver of both fasted and HFD-fed mice and was positively correlated with body mass index in obese patients. Liver-specific overexpression of BAF60a inhibited hepatic ureagenesis, leading to the increase of serum ammonia levels. Mechanistically, BAF60a repressed the transcription of Cps1, a rate-limiting enzyme, through interaction with Y-box protein 1 (YB-1) and by switching the chromatin structure of Cps1 promoter into an inhibitory state. More importantly, in response to different nutrient status, PGC-1α (as a transcriptional coactivator) and YB-1 competitively bound to BAF60a, thus selectively regulating hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation and ureagenesis. Conclusion The BAF60a-YB-1 axis represses hepatic ureagenesis, thereby contributing to hyperammonemia under overnutrient status. Therefore, hepatic BAF60a may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of overnutrient-induced urea cycle disorders and their associated diseases. HFD-feeding increases hepatic BAF60a expression, while inhibits ureagenesis genes. BAF60a represses Cps1 transcription and ureagenesis, causing ammonia accumulation. YB-1 binds to BAF60a and mediates the inhibitory effects of BAF60a on ureagenesis. BAF60a mediates crosstalk between hepatic ureagenesis and fatty acid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China; School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Zhewen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China; School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Mengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China; School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Shiyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China; School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China; School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China; State key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Siyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China; School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China; State key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
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203
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Arévalo-Martínez M, Cidad P, García-Mateo N, Moreno-Estar S, Serna J, Fernández M, Swärd K, Simarro M, de la Fuente MA, López-López JR, Pérez-García MT. Myocardin-Dependent Kv1.5 Channel Expression Prevents Phenotypic Modulation of Human Vessels in Organ Culture. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:e273-e286. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
We have previously described that changes in the expression of Kv channels associate to phenotypic modulation (PM), so that Kv1.3/Kv1.5 ratio is a landmark of vascular smooth muscle cells phenotype. Moreover, we demonstrated that the Kv1.3 functional expression is relevant for PM in several types of vascular lesions. Here, we explore the efficacy of Kv1.3 inhibition for the prevention of remodeling in human vessels, and the mechanisms linking the switch in Kv1.3 /Kv1.5 ratio to PM.
Approach and Results:
Vascular remodeling was explored using organ culture and primary cultures of vascular smooth muscle cells obtained from human vessels. We studied the effects of Kv1.3 inhibition on serum-induced remodeling, as well as the impact of viral vector-mediated overexpression of Kv channels or myocardin knock-down. Kv1.3 blockade prevented remodeling by inhibiting proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix secretion. PM activated Kv1.3 via downregulation of Kv1.5. Hence, both Kv1.3 blockers and Kv1.5 overexpression inhibited remodeling in a nonadditive fashion. Finally, myocardin knock-down induced vessel remodeling and Kv1.5 downregulation and myocardin overexpression increased Kv1.5, while Kv1.5 overexpression inhibited PM without changing myocardin expression.
Conclusions:
We demonstrate that Kv1.5 channel gene is a myocardin-regulated, vascular smooth muscle cells contractile marker. Kv1.5 downregulation upon PM leaves Kv1.3 as the dominant Kv1 channel expressed in dedifferentiated cells. We demonstrated that the inhibition of Kv1.3 channel function with selective blockers or by preventing Kv1.5 downregulation can represent an effective, novel strategy for the prevention of intimal hyperplasia and restenosis of the human vessels used for coronary angioplasty procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marycarmen Arévalo-Martínez
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., J.R.L.-L., M.T.P.-G.)
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., M.S., M.A.d.l.F.)
| | - Pilar Cidad
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., J.R.L.-L., M.T.P.-G.)
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., M.S., M.A.d.l.F.)
| | - Nadia García-Mateo
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., J.R.L.-L., M.T.P.-G.)
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., M.S., M.A.d.l.F.)
| | - Sara Moreno-Estar
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., J.R.L.-L., M.T.P.-G.)
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., M.S., M.A.d.l.F.)
| | - Julia Serna
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., J.R.L.-L., M.T.P.-G.)
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., M.S., M.A.d.l.F.)
| | - Mirella Fernández
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Spain (M.F.)
| | - Karl Swärd
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, University of Lund, Sweden (K.S.)
| | - María Simarro
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., M.S., M.A.d.l.F.)
- Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.S.)
| | - Miguel A. de la Fuente
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., M.S., M.A.d.l.F.)
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.d.l.F.)
| | - José R. López-López
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., J.R.L.-L., M.T.P.-G.)
| | - M. Teresa Pérez-García
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain (M.A.-M., P.C., N.G.-M., S.M.-E., J.S., J.R.L.-L., M.T.P.-G.)
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204
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Bieńkowska A, Ducher M, Orzechowska M, Słyk Ż, Ciepiela O, Jaworowski J, Małecki M. Increased temperature-related adeno-associated virus vectors transduction of ovarian cancer cells - essential signatures of AAV receptor and heat shock proteins. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4718-4732. [PMID: 31772643 PMCID: PMC6861878 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are becoming more commonly used in clinical trials involving gene therapy. Additionally AAV-based drugs have already been registered. Gene therapy aims to increase transduction efficiency, increase in vivo selectivity and reduce side effects. One approach to achieve this is the use of physical factors, such as temperature or more specifically, hyperthermia, which is already utilized in oncology. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hyperthermic conditions (40°C and 43°C) on the rAAV transduction efficiency of ovarian cancer cells (Caov-3 and NIH:OVCAR-3) and non-cancerous cells (AAV-293). The present study was designed to identify functional associations between the level of gene transfer and the expression of representative genes for rAAV transmission (AAVR (AAV receptor), heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) 1 and HSPG2) and heat shock proteins (HSPs). The expressions of selected genes were measured via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and cell adhesion/invasion chamber tests were also performed. The results revealed that ovarian cancer cell lines were more efficiently transduced with rAAV vectors at an elevated temperature. Additionally, the expression patterns of AAVR, HSPG1 and HSPG2 genes were different between the tested lines. The expression of certain receptors in ascites-derived NIH:OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells was higher compared with tumor-derived Caov-3 cells at 37, 40 and 43°C, which indicates a higher transduction efficiency in the formerly mentioned cells. Ascites-derived ovarian cancer cells were characterized by high expressions of HSP40, HSP90 and HSP70 families. Lower levels of HSP expression were demonstrated in less-effectively transduced Caov-3 cells. Furthermore, expressions of the examined genes changed with increasing temperature. The results indicated that temperature-dependent transduction is associated with the expression of the rAAV receptor and HSP genes. The results of the current study may aid the design of effective protocols for ovarian cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Bieńkowska
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy with Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ducher
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy with Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | - Magdalena Orzechowska
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy with Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | - Żaneta Słyk
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy with Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | - Olga Ciepiela
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-091, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Małecki
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy with Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
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205
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Maurya S, Mary B, Jayandharan GR. Rational Engineering and Preclinical Evaluation of Neddylation and SUMOylation Site Modified Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors in Murine Models of Hemophilia B and Leber Congenital Amaurosis. Hum Gene Ther 2019; 30:1461-1476. [PMID: 31642343 PMCID: PMC6919284 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2019.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic engineering of viral vectors such as adeno-associated virus (AAV) is crucial to overcome host transduction barriers observed during clinical gene therapy. We reasoned that exploring the role of cellular ubiquitin-like modifiers (UBLs) such as Neddylation or SUMOylation during AAV transduction could be beneficial. Using a combination of in silico biochemical and molecular engineering strategies, we have studied the impact of these UBLs during AAV2 infection and further developed Neddylation or SUMOylation site–modified AAV vectors and validated them in multiple disease models in vitro and in vivo. Hepatic gene transfer of two novel vectors developed, K105Q (SUMOylation-site mutant) and K665Q (Neddylation-site mutant), demonstrated a significantly improved human coagulation factor (F) IX expression (up to two-fold) in a murine model of hemophilia B. Furthermore, subretinal gene transfer of AAV2-K105Q vector expressing RPE65 gene demonstrated visual correction in a murine model of a retinal degenerative disease (rd12 mice). These vectors did not have any adverse immunogenic events in vivo. Taken together, we demonstrate that gene delivery vectors specifically engineered at UBLs can improve the therapeutic outcome during AAV-mediated ocular or hepatic gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Maurya
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bertin Mary
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Giridhara R Jayandharan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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206
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TPP Combined with DGUC as an Economic and Universal Process for Large-Scale Purification of AAV Vectors. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2019; 17:34-48. [PMID: 31890739 PMCID: PMC6926265 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have been commonly purified through density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGUC) or column chromatography methods. Although the DGUC method can efficiently separate the empty from the full virus particles, its application in large-scale AAV purification is hindered due to its limitation in volume of each centrifuge tube. Alternatively, column chromatography is serotype-dependent, expensive, and complicated, which co-purifies both empty and full virus particles. In this study, we describe an economical and universal process using three-phase partitioning (TPP) combined with DGUC to purify large quantities of AAV vectors. First, TPP is used to remove up to 90% of the cellular impurities in the cell lysate and at the same time condense the AAV vectors into ∼10% of their original lysate volume. Second, two rounds of DGUC are employed to separate the empty from the full virus particles and at the same time remove the remaining cellular impurities. This combined process increases the capacity of ultracentrifugation by a factor of 5- to 10-fold depending on the yields of AAV serotypes. A variety of AAV serotypes such as AAV2, AAV5, AAV6, AAV9, and AAVDJ have been successfully purified with this process. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that TPP has no detrimental impact on AAV infectivity. In a proof of concept, we performed several purification runs ranging from 3 to 25 L of Sf9 culture volume. We were able to purify more than 3e+15 viral genomes (vg) of AAV vectors from 3 L of cell culture volume with just two SW28 centrifuge tubes in a Beckman Coulter ultracentrifuge. Our data indicate that this TPP-DGUC process is economic, universal, and can be used to purify a large quantity of AAV vectors for clinical applications with just a few ultracentrifuges.
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207
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Patriarchi T, Cho JR, Merten K, Marley A, Broussard GJ, Liang R, Williams J, Nimmerjahn A, von Zastrow M, Gradinaru V, Tian L. Imaging neuromodulators with high spatiotemporal resolution using genetically encoded indicators. Nat Protoc 2019; 14:3471-3505. [PMID: 31732722 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiple aspects of neural activity, from neuronal firing to neuromodulator release and signaling, underlie brain function and ultimately shape animal behavior. The recently developed and constantly growing toolbox of genetically encoded sensors for neural activity, including calcium, voltage, neurotransmitter and neuromodulator sensors, allows precise measurement of these signaling events with high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we describe the engineering, characterization and application of our recently developed dLight1, a suite of genetically encoded dopamine (DA) sensors based on human inert DA receptors. dLight1 offers high molecular specificity, requisite affinity and kinetics and great sensitivity for measuring DA release in vivo. The detailed workflow described in this protocol can be used to systematically characterize and validate dLight1 in increasingly intact biological systems, from cultured cells to acute brain slices to behaving mice. For tool developers, we focus on characterizing five distinct properties of dLight1: dynamic range, affinity, molecular specificity, kinetics and interaction with endogenous signaling; for end users, we provide comprehensive step-by-step instructions for how to leverage fiber photometry and two-photon imaging to measure dLight1 transients in vivo. The instructions provided in this protocol are designed to help laboratory personnel with a broad range of experience (at the graduate or post-graduate level) to develop and utilize novel neuromodulator sensors in vivo, by using dLight1 as a benchmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Patriarchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jounhong Ryan Cho
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Katharina Merten
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Marley
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gerard Joey Broussard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Princeton Neuroscience Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ruqiang Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - John Williams
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Axel Nimmerjahn
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Mark von Zastrow
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Viviana Gradinaru
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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208
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Mary B, Maurya S, Kumar M, Bammidi S, Kumar V, Jayandharan GR. Molecular Engineering of Adeno-Associated Virus Capsid Improves Its Therapeutic Gene Transfer in Murine Models of Hemophilia and Retinal Degeneration. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4738-4750. [PMID: 31596095 PMCID: PMC7035104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy has been promising, but several host-related transduction or immune challenges remain. For this mode of therapy to be widely applicable, it is crucial to develop high transduction and permeating vectors that infect the target at significantly low doses. Because glycosylation of capsid proteins is known to be rate limiting in the life cycle of many viruses, we reasoned that perturbation of glycosylation sites in AAV2 capsid will enhance gene delivery. In our first set experiments, pharmacological modulation of the glycosylation status in host cells, modestly decreased (1-fold) AAV2 packaging efficacy while it improved their gene expression (∼74%) in vitro. We then generated 24 mutant AAV2 vectors modified to potentially create or disrupt a glycosylation site in its capsid. Three of them demonstrated a 1.3-2.5-fold increase in transgene expression in multiple cell lines (HeLa, Huh7, and ARPE-19). Hepatic gene transfer of these vectors in hemophilia B mice, resulted in a 2-fold increase in human coagulation factor (F)IX levels, while its T/B-cell immunogenic response was unaltered. Subsequently, intravitreal gene transfer of glycosylation site-modified vectors in C57BL6/J mice demonstrated an increase in green fluorescence protein expression (∼2- to 4-fold) and enhanced permeation across retina. Subretinal administration of these modified vectors containing RPE65 gene further rescued the photoreceptor response in a murine model of Leber congenital amarousis. Our studies highlight the translational potential of glycosylation site-modified AAV2 vectors for hepatic and ocular gene therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertin Mary
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shubham Maurya
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sridhar Bammidi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, Nebraska, United States
| | - Giridhara R. Jayandharan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, Uttar Pradesh, India
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209
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Hanlon KS, Meltzer JC, Buzhdygan T, Cheng MJ, Sena-Esteves M, Bennett RE, Sullivan TP, Razmpour R, Gong Y, Ng C, Nammour J, Maiz D, Dujardin S, Ramirez SH, Hudry E, Maguire CA. Selection of an Efficient AAV Vector for Robust CNS Transgene Expression. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2019; 15:320-332. [PMID: 31788496 PMCID: PMC6881693 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid libraries have generated improved transgene delivery vectors. We designed an AAV library construct, iTransduce, that combines a peptide library on the AAV9 capsid with a Cre cassette to enable sensitive detection of transgene expression. After only two selection rounds of the library delivered intravenously in transgenic mice carrying a Cre-inducible fluorescent protein, we flow sorted fluorescent cells from brain, and DNA sequencing revealed two dominant capsids. One of the capsids, termed AAV-F, mediated transgene expression in the brain cortex more than 65-fold (astrocytes) and 171-fold (neurons) higher than the parental AAV9. High transduction efficiency was sex-independent and sustained in two mouse strains (C57BL/6 and BALB/c), making it a highly useful capsid for CNS transduction of mice. Future work in large animal models will test the translation potential of AAV-F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Killian S Hanlon
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonah C Meltzer
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Tetyana Buzhdygan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Shriners Hospital's Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ming J Cheng
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Rachel E Bennett
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Timothy P Sullivan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Shriners Hospital's Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Roshanak Razmpour
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Shriners Hospital's Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yi Gong
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carrie Ng
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Josette Nammour
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniela Maiz
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Simon Dujardin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Servio H Ramirez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Shriners Hospital's Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Eloise Hudry
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Casey A Maguire
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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210
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Cresto N, Gaillard MC, Gardier C, Gubinelli F, Diguet E, Bellet D, Legroux L, Mitja J, Auregan G, Guillermier M, Josephine C, Jan C, Dufour N, Joliot A, Hantraye P, Bonvento G, Déglon N, Bemelmans AP, Cambon K, Liot G, Brouillet E. The C-terminal domain of LRRK2 with the G2019S mutation is sufficient to produce neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in vivo. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 134:104614. [PMID: 31605779 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The G2019S substitution in the kinase domain of LRRK2 (LRRK2G2019S) is the most prevalent mutation associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Neurotoxic effects of LRRK2G2019S are thought to result from an increase in its kinase activity as compared to wild type LRRK2. However, it is unclear whether the kinase domain of LRRK2G2019S is sufficient to trigger degeneration or if the full length protein is required. To address this question, we generated constructs corresponding to the C-terminal domain of LRRK2 (ΔLRRK2). A kinase activity that was increased by G2019➔S substitution could be detected in ΔLRRK2. However biochemical experiments suggested it did not bind or phosphorylate the substrate RAB10, in contrast to full length LRRK2. The overexpression of ΔLRRK2G2019S in the rat striatum using lentiviral vectors (LVs) offered a straightforward and simple way to investigate its effects in neurons in vivo. Results from a RT-qPCR array analysis indicated that ΔLRRK2G2019S led to significant mRNA expression changes consistent with a kinase-dependent mechanism. We next asked whether ΔLRRK2 could be sufficient to trigger neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in adult rats. Six months after infection of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) with LV-ΔLRRK2WT or LV-ΔLRRK2G2019S, the number of DA neurons was unchanged. To examine whether higher levels of ΔLRRK2G2019S could trigger degeneration we cloned ΔLRRK2 in AAV2/9 construct. As expected, AAV2/9 injected in the SNc led to neuronal expression of ΔLRRK2WT and ΔLRRK2G2019S at much higher levels than those obtained with LVs. Six months after injection, unbiased stereology showed that AAV-ΔLRRK2G2019S produced a significant ~30% loss of neurons positive for tyrosine hydroxylase- and for the vesicular dopamine transporter whereas AAV-ΔLRRK2WT did not. These findings show that overexpression of the C-terminal part of LRRK2 containing the mutant kinase domain is sufficient to trigger degeneration of DA neurons, through cell-autonomous mechanisms, possibly independent of RAB10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Cresto
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marie-Claude Gaillard
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Camille Gardier
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Francesco Gubinelli
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Elsa Diguet
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut de Recherche SERVIER, Neuropsychiatry Department, 125 chemin de ronde, 78290 Croissy sur Seine, France
| | - Déborah Bellet
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Laurine Legroux
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Julien Mitja
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gwenaëlle Auregan
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Martine Guillermier
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Charlène Josephine
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Caroline Jan
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Noëlle Dufour
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Alain Joliot
- Homeoprotein and Plasticity, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Hantraye
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gilles Bonvento
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nicole Déglon
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Lausanne University Medical School (CHUV), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (DNC), Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurotherapies (LNCM), Lausanne, Switzerland; Lausanne University Medical School (CHUV), Neuroscience Research Center (CRN), Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurotherapies (LNCM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Karine Cambon
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Géraldine Liot
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Emmanuel Brouillet
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie Françoise Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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211
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Garita-Hernandez M, Lampič M, Chaffiol A, Guibbal L, Routet F, Santos-Ferreira T, Gasparini S, Borsch O, Gagliardi G, Reichman S, Picaud S, Sahel JA, Goureau O, Ader M, Dalkara D, Duebel J. Restoration of visual function by transplantation of optogenetically engineered photoreceptors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4524. [PMID: 31586094 PMCID: PMC6778196 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases, with the transplantation of replacement photoreceptors, is the difficulty in inducing the grafted cells to grow and maintain light sensitive outer segments in the host retina, which depends on proper interaction with the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Here, for an RPE-independent treatment approach, we introduce a hyperpolarizing microbial opsin into photoreceptor precursors from newborn mice, and transplant them into blind mice lacking the photoreceptor layer. These optogenetically-transformed photoreceptors are light responsive and their transplantation leads to the recovery of visual function, as shown by ganglion cell recordings and behavioral tests. Subsequently, we generate cone photoreceptors from human induced pluripotent stem cells, expressing the chloride pump Jaws. After transplantation into blind mice, we observe light-driven responses at the photoreceptor and ganglion cell levels. These results demonstrate that structural and functional retinal repair is possible by combining stem cell therapy and optogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maruša Lampič
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Chaffiol
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Laure Guibbal
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Fiona Routet
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France
| | | | - Sylvia Gasparini
- CRTD/Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, CMCB, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver Borsch
- CRTD/Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, CMCB, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Giuliana Gagliardi
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Sacha Reichman
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Serge Picaud
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France
- CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, DHU Sight Restore, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Olivier Goureau
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Marius Ader
- CRTD/Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, CMCB, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Deniz Dalkara
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France.
| | - Jens Duebel
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, 75012, Paris, France.
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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212
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Production of adeno-associated virus vectors for in vitro and in vivo applications. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13601. [PMID: 31537820 PMCID: PMC6753157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49624-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivering and expressing a gene of interest in cells or living animals has become a pivotal technique in biomedical research and gene therapy. Among viral delivery systems, adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are relatively safe and demonstrate high gene transfer efficiency, low immunogenicity, stable long-term expression, and selective tissue tropism. Combined with modern gene technologies, such as cell-specific promoters, the Cre/lox system, and genome editing, AAVs represent a practical, rapid, and economical alternative to conditional knockout and transgenic mouse models. However, major obstacles remain for widespread AAV utilization, such as impractical purification strategies and low viral quantities. Here, we report an improved protocol to produce serotype-independent purified AAVs economically. Using a helper-free AAV system, we purified AAVs from HEK293T cell lysates and medium by polyethylene glycol precipitation with subsequent aqueous two-phase partitioning. Furthermore, we then implemented an iodixanol gradient purification, which resulted in preparations with purities adequate for in vivo use. Of note, we achieved titers of 1010-1011 viral genome copies per µl with a typical production volume of up to 1 ml while requiring five times less than the usual number of HEK293T cells used in standard protocols. For proof of concept, we verified in vivo transduction via Western blot, qPCR, luminescence, and immunohistochemistry. AAVs coding for glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx) shRNA successfully inhibited Glrx expression by ~66% in the liver and skeletal muscle. Our study provides an improved protocol for a more economical and efficient purified AAV preparation.
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213
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Pattabhi S, Lotti SN, Berger MP, Singh S, Lux CT, Jacoby K, Lee C, Negre O, Scharenberg AM, Rawlings DJ. In Vivo Outcome of Homology-Directed Repair at the HBB Gene in HSC Using Alternative Donor Template Delivery Methods. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:277-288. [PMID: 31279229 PMCID: PMC6611979 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene editing following designer nuclease cleavage in the presence of a DNA donor template can revert mutations in disease-causing genes. For optimal benefit, reversion of the point mutation in HBB leading to sickle cell disease (SCD) would permit precise homology-directed repair (HDR) while concurrently limiting on-target non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-based HBB disruption. In this study, we directly compared the relative efficiency of co-delivery of a novel CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein targeting HBB in association with recombinant adeno-associated virus 6 (rAAV6) versus single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides (ssODNs) to introduce the sickle mutation (GTC or GTG; encoding E6V) or a silent change (GAA; encoding E6optE) in human CD34+ mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (mPBSCs) derived from healthy donors. In vitro, rAAV6 outperformed ssODN donor template delivery and mediated greater HDR correction, leading to both higher HDR rates and a higher HDR:NHEJ ratio. In contrast, at 12-14 weeks post-transplant into recipient, immunodeficient, NOD, B6, SCID Il2rγ-/- Kit(W41/W41) (NBSGW) mice, a ∼6-fold higher proportion of ssODN-modified cells persisted in vivo compared to recipients of rAAV6-modified mPBSCs. Together, our findings highlight that methodology for donor template delivery markedly impacts long-term persistence of HBB gene-modified mPBSCs, and they suggest that the ssODN platform is likely to be most amenable to direct clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya Pattabhi
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samantha N Lotti
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mason P Berger
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Swati Singh
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher T Lux
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kyle Jacoby
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Andrew M Scharenberg
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Casebia Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David J Rawlings
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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214
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Khan N, Bammidi S, Jayandharan GR. A CD33 Antigen-Targeted AAV6 Vector Expressing an Inducible Caspase-9 Suicide Gene Is Therapeutic in a Xenotransplantation Model of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2404-2416. [PMID: 31436412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Current chemotherapeutic regimens for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been modestly effective in patients and are associated with poor long-term survival (<30% at 5 years). Viral vector-based suicide gene therapy is an attractive option, if these vectors can target the AML cells with high specificity and efficiency. In this study, we have developed a receptor-specific adeno-associated virus (AAV) based vector to target the CD33 antigen which is overexpressed in leukemic cells. A targeting peptide was rationally designed from the antigen-binding regions of a CD33 monoclonal antibody. This peptide was further expressed on the capsid of the AAV6 vector, since this serotype was most efficient among AAV1-rh10 vectors to infect the pro-monocytic, human myeloid leukemia cells (U937). AAV6-CD33 vectors expressing a suicide gene, the inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), and its prodrug AP20187 significantly reduced (∼59%) the viability of U937 cells. To further test its efficacy and specificity in vivo, AAV6-CD33 vectors were administered into a xenotransplantation model of AML in zebrafish through systemic delivery. We observed a significant antileukemic effect with AAV6-CD33 vectors, with a markedly higher survival (100% for AAV6-CD33 vectors vs 15% for mock-treated) and a higher number of TUNEL positive apoptotic cells after systemic vector delivery. Taken together, our work demonstrates the efficacy and translational potential of CD33-targeted AAV6 vectors for cytotoxic gene therapy in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur , 208016 , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Sridhar Bammidi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur , 208016 , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Giridhara R Jayandharan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur , 208016 , Uttar Pradesh , India
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215
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Arotcarena ML, Bourdenx M, Dutheil N, Thiolat ML, Doudnikoff E, Dovero S, Ballabio A, Fernagut PO, Meissner WG, Bezard E, Dehay B. Transcription factor EB overexpression prevents neurodegeneration in experimental synucleinopathies. JCI Insight 2019; 4:129719. [PMID: 31434803 PMCID: PMC6777809 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.129719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The synucleinopathies Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Multiple system atrophy (MSA) — characterized by α-synuclein intracytoplasmic inclusions into, respectively, neurons and oligodendrocytes — are associated with impairment of the autophagy-lysosomal pathways (ALP). Increased expression of the master regulator of ALP, transcription factor EB (TFEB), is hypothesized to promote the clearance of WT α-synuclein and survival of dopaminergic neurons. Here, we explore the efficacy of targeted TFEB overexpression either in neurons or oligodendrocytes to reduce the pathological burden of α-synuclein in a PD rat model and a MSA mouse model. While TFEB neuronal expression was sufficient to prevent neurodegeneration in the PD model, we show that only TFEB oligodendroglial overexpression leads to neuroprotective effects in the MSA model. These beneficial effects were associated with a decreased accumulation of α-synuclein into oligodendrocytes through recovery of the ALP machinery. Our study demonstrates that the cell type where α-synuclein aggregates dictates the target of TFEB overexpression in order to be protective, paving the way for adapted therapies. Targeted overexpression of transcription factor EB (TFEB) decreases accumulation of α-synuclein and prevents neurodegeneration in animal models of synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Arotcarena
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Bourdenx
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Dutheil
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Laure Thiolat
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Evelyne Doudnikoff
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandra Dovero
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Ian and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pierre-Olivier Fernagut
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, INSERM U-1084, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Wassilios G Meissner
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Erwan Bezard
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Benjamin Dehay
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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216
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Gao Y, Hisey E, Bradshaw TWA, Erata E, Brown WE, Courtland JL, Uezu A, Xiang Y, Diao Y, Soderling SH. Plug-and-Play Protein Modification Using Homology-Independent Universal Genome Engineering. Neuron 2019; 103:583-597.e8. [PMID: 31272828 PMCID: PMC7200071 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of endogenous protein localization, function, and dynamics is fundamental to the study of all cells, including the diversity of cell types in the brain. However, current approaches are often low throughput and resource intensive. Here, we describe a CRISPR-Cas9-based homology-independent universal genome engineering (HiUGE) method for endogenous protein manipulation that is straightforward, scalable, and highly flexible in terms of genomic target and application. HiUGE employs adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors of autonomous insertional sequences (payloads) encoding diverse functional modifications that can integrate into virtually any genomic target loci specified by easily assembled gene-specific guide-RNA (GS-gRNA) vectors. We demonstrate that universal HiUGE donors enable rapid alterations of proteins in vitro or in vivo for protein labeling and dynamic visualization, neural-circuit-specific protein modification, subcellular rerouting and sequestration, and truncation-based structure-function analysis. Thus, the "plug-and-play" nature of HiUGE enables high-throughput and modular analysis of mechanisms driving protein functions in cellular neurobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Erin Hisey
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Tyler W A Bradshaw
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Eda Erata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Walter E Brown
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jamie L Courtland
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Akiyoshi Uezu
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yarui Diao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Scott H Soderling
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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217
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Tomono T, Hirai Y, Chono H, Mineno J, Ishii A, Onodera M, Tamaoka A, Okada T. Infectivity Assessment of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus and Wild-Type Adeno-Associated Virus Exposed to Various Diluents and Environmental Conditions. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2019; 30:137-143. [DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2019.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taro Tomono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Majors in Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Hirai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Akiko Ishii
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masafumi Onodera
- Department of Human Genetics, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Tamaoka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Okada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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218
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Heldt CL. Scalable method utilizing low pH for DNA removal in the harvest of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1124:173-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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219
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Mary B, Maurya S, Arumugam S, Kumar V, Jayandharan GR. Post-translational modifications in capsid proteins of recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) 1-rh10 serotypes. FEBS J 2019; 286:4964-4981. [PMID: 31330090 PMCID: PMC7496479 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Post‐translational modifications in viral capsids are known to fine‐tune and regulate several aspects of the infective life cycle of several viruses in the host. Recombinant viruses that are generated in a specific producer cell line are likely to inherit unique post‐translational modifications during intra‐cellular maturation of its capsid proteins. Data on such post‐translational modifications in the capsid of recombinant adeno‐associated virus serotypes (AAV1‐rh10) is limited. We have employed liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis to characterize post‐translational modifications in AAV1‐rh10 capsid protein. Our analysis revealed a total of 52 post‐translational modifications in AAV2‐AAVrh10 capsids, including ubiquitination (17%), glycosylation (36%), phosphorylation (21%), SUMOylation (13%) and acetylation (11%). While AAV1 had no detectable post‐translational modification, at least four AAV serotypes had >7 post‐translational modifications in their capsid protein. About 82% of these post‐translational modifications are novel. A limited validation of AAV2 capsids by MALDI‐TOF and western blot analysis demonstrated minimal glycosylation and ubiquitination of AAV2 capsids. To further validate this, we disrupted a glycosylation site identified in AAV2 capsid (AAV2‐N253Q), which severely compromised its packaging efficiency (~ 100‐fold vs. AAV2 wild‐type vectors). In order to confirm other post‐translational modifications detected such as SUMOylation, mutagenesis of a SUMOylation site(K258Q) in AAV2 was performed. This mutant vector demonstrated reduced levels of SUMO‐1/2/3 proteins and negligible transduction, 2 weeks after ocular gene transfer. Our study underscores the heterogeneity of post‐translational modifications in AAV vectors. The data presented here, should facilitate further studies to understand the biological relevance of post‐translational modifications in AAV life cycle and the development of novel bioengineered AAV vectors for gene therapy applications. Enzymes Trypsin, EC 3.4.21.4
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertin Mary
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Shubham Maurya
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Sathyathithan Arumugam
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India.,SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Giridhara R Jayandharan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India.,Department of Haematology and Centre for Stem Cell Research, Vellore, India
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220
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Galvan L, Francelle L, Gaillard MC, de Longprez L, Carrillo-de Sauvage MA, Liot G, Cambon K, Stimmer L, Luccantoni S, Flament J, Valette J, de Chaldée M, Auregan G, Guillermier M, Joséphine C, Petit F, Jan C, Jarrige M, Dufour N, Bonvento G, Humbert S, Saudou F, Hantraye P, Merienne K, Bemelmans AP, Perrier AL, Déglon N, Brouillet E. The striatal kinase DCLK3 produces neuroprotection against mutant huntingtin. Brain 2019. [PMID: 29534157 PMCID: PMC5917821 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurobiological functions of a number of kinases expressed in the brain are unknown. Here, we report new findings on DCLK3 (doublecortin like kinase 3), which is preferentially expressed in neurons in the striatum and dentate gyrus. Its function has never been investigated. DCLK3 expression is markedly reduced in Huntington's disease. Recent data obtained in studies related to cancer suggest DCLK3 could have an anti-apoptotic effect. Thus, we hypothesized that early loss of DCLK3 in Huntington's disease may render striatal neurons more susceptible to mutant huntingtin (mHtt). We discovered that DCLK3 silencing in the striatum of mice exacerbated the toxicity of an N-terminal fragment of mHtt. Conversely, overexpression of DCLK3 reduced neurodegeneration produced by mHtt. DCLK3 also produced beneficial effects on motor symptoms in a knock-in mouse model of Huntington's disease. Using different mutants of DCLK3, we found that the kinase activity of the protein plays a key role in neuroprotection. To investigate the potential mechanisms underlying DCLK3 effects, we studied the transcriptional changes produced by the kinase domain in human striatal neurons in culture. Results show that DCLK3 regulates in a kinase-dependent manner the expression of many genes involved in transcription regulation and nucleosome/chromatin remodelling. Consistent with this, histological evaluation showed DCLK3 is present in the nucleus of striatal neurons and, protein-protein interaction experiments suggested that the kinase domain interacts with zinc finger proteins, including the transcriptional activator adaptor TADA3, a core component of the Spt-ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (SAGA) complex which links histone acetylation to the transcription machinery. Our novel findings suggest that the presence of DCLK3 in striatal neurons may play a key role in transcription regulation and chromatin remodelling in these brain cells, and show that reduced expression of the kinase in Huntington's disease could render the striatum highly vulnerable to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Galvan
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Laetitia Francelle
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marie-Claude Gaillard
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Lucie de Longprez
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Maria-Angeles Carrillo-de Sauvage
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Géraldine Liot
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F38000, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U1216, F38000, Grenoble, France.,CHU de Grenoble, F38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Karine Cambon
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Lev Stimmer
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Inserm UMS27, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Sophie Luccantoni
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Inserm UMS27, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Julien Flament
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Inserm UMS27, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Julien Valette
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Michel de Chaldée
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Gwenaelle Auregan
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Martine Guillermier
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Charlène Joséphine
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Fanny Petit
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Caroline Jan
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Margot Jarrige
- Inserm U861, I-STEM, AFM, Evry 91030 Cedex France.,UEVE U861, I-STEM, AFM Evry 91030, France
| | - Noëlle Dufour
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gilles Bonvento
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Sandrine Humbert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F38000, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U1216, F38000, Grenoble, France.,CHU de Grenoble, F38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Frédéric Saudou
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F38000, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U1216, F38000, Grenoble, France.,CHU de Grenoble, F38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Hantraye
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Karine Merienne
- CNRS/Strasbourg University UMR 7364, Laboratory of Adaptive and Cognitive Neuroscience (LNCA), Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anselme L Perrier
- Inserm U861, I-STEM, AFM, Evry 91030 Cedex France.,UEVE U861, I-STEM, AFM Evry 91030, France
| | - Nicole Déglon
- Lausanne University Medical School (CHUV), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (DNC), Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurotherapies (LNCM), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Lausanne University Medical School (CHUV), Neuroscience Research Center (CRN), Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurotherapies (LNCM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Brouillet
- CEA, DRF, Institut François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud Univ., Univ. Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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221
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van Lieshout LP, Soule G, Sorensen D, Frost KL, He S, Tierney K, Safronetz D, Booth SA, Kobinger GP, Qiu X, Wootton SK. Intramuscular Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Expression of Monoclonal Antibodies Provides 100% Protection Against Ebola Virus Infection in Mice. J Infect Dis 2019; 217:916-925. [PMID: 29365142 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2013-2016 West Africa outbreak demonstrated the epidemic potential of Ebola virus and highlighted the need for counter strategies. Monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based therapies hold promise as treatment options for Ebola virus infections. However, production of clinical-grade mAbs is labor intensive, and immunity is short lived. Conversely, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated mAb gene transfer provides the host with a genetic blueprint to manufacture mAbs in vivo, leading to steady release of antibody over many months. Here we demonstrate that AAV-mediated expression of nonneutralizing mAb 5D2 or 7C9 confers 100% protection against mouse-adapted Ebola virus infection, while neutralizing mAb 2G4 was 83% protective. A 2-component cocktail, AAV-2G4/AAV-5D2, provided complete protection when administered 7 days prior to challenge and was partially protective with a 3-day lead time. Finally, AAV-mAb therapies provided sustained protection from challenge 5 months following AAV administration. AAV-mAb may be a viable alternative strategy for vaccination against emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geoff Soule
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens Program, Canada
| | - Debra Sorensen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Kathy L Frost
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Shihua He
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens Program, Canada
| | - Kevin Tierney
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens Program, Canada
| | - David Safronetz
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens Program, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Stephanie A Booth
- Molecular Pathobiology, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Canada
| | - Gary P Kobinger
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Canada
| | - Xiangguo Qiu
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens Program, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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222
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Feathers KL, Jia L, Perera ND, Chen A, Presswalla FK, Khan NW, Fahim AT, Smith AJ, Ali RR, Thompson DA. Development of a Gene Therapy Vector for RDH12-Associated Retinal Dystrophy. Hum Gene Ther 2019; 30:1325-1335. [PMID: 31237438 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2019.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-onset severe retinal dystrophy (EOSRD) is a genetically heterogeneous group of diseases resulting in serious visual disability in children. A significant number of EOSRD cases, often diagnosed as Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA13), are associated with mutations in the gene encoding retinol dehydrogenase 12 (RDH12). RDH12 is a member of the enzyme family of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases. In the retina, RDH12 plays a critical role in reducing toxic retinaldehydes generated by visual cycle activity that is required for the light response of the photoreceptor cells. Individuals with RDH12 deficiency exhibit widespread retinal degeneration impacting both rods and cones. Although Rdh12-deficient (Rdh12-/-) mice do not exhibit retinal degeneration, functional deficits relevant to visual cycle function can be demonstrated. In the present study, we describe the development and preclinical testing of a recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vector that has the potential for use in treating EOSRD due to RDH12 mutations. Wild-type and Rdh12-/- mice that received a subretinal injection of rAAV2/5 carrying a human RDH12 cDNA driven by a human rhodopsin-kinase promoter exhibited transgene expression that was stable, correctly localized, and did not cause retinal toxicity. In addition, administration of the vector reconstituted retinal reductase activity in the retinas of Rdh12-/- mice and decreased susceptibility to light damage associated with Rdh12 deficiency, thus demonstrating potential therapeutic efficacy in an animal model that does not exhibit a retinal degeneration phenotype. These findings support further efforts to develop gene replacement therapy for individuals with RDH12 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kecia L Feathers
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lin Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nirosha Dayanthi Perera
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Adrienne Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Feriel K Presswalla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Naheed W Khan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Abigail T Fahim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Alexander J Smith
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin R Ali
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debra A Thompson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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223
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Furuta-Hanawa B, Yamaguchi T, Uchida E. Two-Dimensional Droplet Digital PCR as a Tool for Titration and Integrity Evaluation of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2019; 30:127-136. [PMID: 31140327 PMCID: PMC6707039 DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2019.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have recently been widely utilized for in in vivo gene therapy. The clinical dose definition of AAV vector requires the exact quantification as starting doses and for dose-escalation studies. Vector genome (vg) copies measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR) are commonly used for rAAV vector titration, and rAAV vector plasmids DNA is often used for qPCR standards, although the rAAV reference standard materials (RSMs) for serotypes 2 and 8 (rAAV2RSM and rAAV8RSM) are available from American Type Culture Collection. However, qPCR-based determination of the AAV vg is affected by the selection of the qPCR standard and the amplification target sites. In this study, we have developed a new PCR method, two-dimensional droplet digital PCR (2D ddPCR), for the absolute quantitation of target DNA and for evaluating the stability of the rAAV vector. The number of vg copies of rAAV2RSM determined by qPCR dramatically changed when standard plasmid DNAs with different conformations were treated with restriction enzymes, suggesting that qPCR amplification is significantly affected by the secondary structure of the standard. In contrast, the number of vg copies determined by ddPCR was unaffected by using primer probes for different positions of target sites or by the secondary structure conformation of the vg. Furthermore, the integrity of the AAV vg can be monitored using 2D ddPCR with fluorescein- and hexachloro-6-carboxy-fluorescine–labeled probes targeting different positions in the same rAAV genome. The titer of intact rAAV was highly correlated with rAAV activity in an accelerated (37°C) stability study. 2D ddPCR is a useful tool for rAAV vector quantitation and quality evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birei Furuta-Hanawa
- 1Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Teruhide Yamaguchi
- 2Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama, Japan.,3Institute of Advanced Medical and Engineering Technology for Aging, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Eriko Uchida
- 1Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
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224
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Khan N, Bammidi S, Chattopadhyay S, Jayandharan GR. Combination Suicide Gene Delivery with an Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Encoding Inducible Caspase-9 and a Chemical Inducer of Dimerization Is Effective in a Xenotransplantation Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1754-1762. [PMID: 31181889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Current treatment approaches for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a narrow therapeutic index and alternate modes of treatment are thus required. We have utilized a gene delivery vector containing inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9) gene, which is a synthetic analogue based on the mammalian caspase 9 and fused to a human FK506 binding protein that allows its conditional dimerization to a synthetic, small molecule [chemical inducer of dimerization, AP20187] and results in target cell apoptosis. In our studies, we have tested these synthetic vectors based on an adeno-associated virus platform for their potential anti-tumorigenic effect in human HCC cells in vitro and in a HCC tumor model developed in nude mice. Our data demonstrates that the iCasp9-AP20187 bioconjugate is able to trigger terminal effectors of cellular apoptosis and presents a viable approach for the potential treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur , Uttar Pradesh 20816 , India
| | - Sridhar Bammidi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur , Uttar Pradesh 20816 , India
| | - Sourav Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur , Uttar Pradesh 20816 , India
| | - Giridhara R Jayandharan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur , Uttar Pradesh 20816 , India
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225
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Yu DL, Stegelmeier AA, Chow N, Rghei AD, Matuszewska K, Lawler J, Bridle BW, Petrik JJ, Wootton SK. AAV-mediated expression of 3TSR inhibits tumor and metastatic lesion development and extends survival in a murine model of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 27:356-367. [PMID: 31160686 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An integral step in the development of solid tumors is the recruitment of blood vessels to fuel tumor growth. Antiangiogenic therapies can inhibit this process and control solid tumor growth. Thrombospondin-1 is an antiangiogenic protein possessing three type I repeats (3TSR) near the center of the protein and a CD47-binding peptide (CD47) in its C-terminus. Previously, we showed that treatment with recombinant 3TSR induces tumor regression, normalizes tumor vasculature, and improves uptake of chemotherapy drugs in an orthotopic, syngeneic mouse model of advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). While effective, this intervention required daily intraperitoneal injections. To circumvent this, here we employ adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy vectors to express 3TSR alone or in combination with the CD47-binding peptide of TSP-1 and evaluate the impact on tumor development and survival in a mouse model of EOC. A single intraperitoneal injection of 1 × 1011 vg of AAV expressing 3TSR, CD47-binding peptide, or 3TSR + CD47 effectively suppressed primary tumor growth; however, only AAV-3TSR was able to inhibit development of secondary lesions at 90-days post-tumor implantation and significantly improve survival. Taken together, AAV-mediated expression of 3TSR appears safe and effective at inhibiting tumor development and represents a novel, less invasive approach for treating ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrick L Yu
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | | | - Natalie Chow
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Amira D Rghei
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Kathy Matuszewska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jack Lawler
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Byram W Bridle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - James J Petrik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Sarah K Wootton
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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226
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Krüger-Haag A, Lehmann C, Schmidt E, Sonntag F, Hörer M, Kochanek S. Evaluation of life cycle defective adenovirus mutants for production of adeno-associated virus vectors. J Gene Med 2019; 21:e3094. [PMID: 31037799 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adeno-associated virus-based vectors are efficient and safe drug candidates for different in vivo gene therapy applications. With increasing numbers of clinical studies based on AAV2 vectors that include not only rare, but also common diseases as a therapeutic target, there is an increased demand for the development of improved production technologies. METHODS In the present study, we compared two life cycle defective adenovirus mutants as helper viruses for AAV2 vector production. They had deletions either in the gene coding for the preterminal protein (pTP) that is expressed early in the viral life cycle and is essential for genome replication or in the gene coding for the 100K protein, a protein with many functions, one of which is involved in virus assembly. AAV2 vector production efficiencies were evaluated by analyzing genome-containing particles using a real-time polymerase chain reaction and functional units were investigated by transduction assays. RESULTS Somewhat contrary to our expectations, the ∆100K mutant virus showed only a moderate efficiency as a helper virus for AAV2 vector production, whereas the replication-deficient ∆pTP mutant supported AAV2 production almost as efficiently as adenovirus wild-type. We also showed that a temperature shift to 32°C together with extended incubation times improved AAV2 vector productivity. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates the advantages of using a ∆pTP mutant adenovirus rather than adenovirus wild-type as a helper virus for AAV2 production and also indicates that temperature shifts to lower temperatures may improve AAV2 vector production rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Lehmann
- Department of Gene Therapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Sartorius Stedim Cellca GmbH, Laupheim, Germany
| | - Erika Schmidt
- Department of Gene Therapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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227
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Moffett HF, Harms CK, Fitzpatrick KS, Tooley MR, Boonyaratanakornkit J, Taylor JJ. B cells engineered to express pathogen-specific antibodies protect against infection. Sci Immunol 2019; 4:eaax0644. [PMID: 31101673 PMCID: PMC6913193 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aax0644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Effective vaccines inducing lifelong protection against many important infections such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), HIV, influenza virus, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are not yet available despite decades of research. As an alternative to a protective vaccine, we developed a genetic engineering strategy in which CRISPR-Cas9 was used to replace endogenously encoded antibodies with antibodies targeting RSV, HIV, influenza virus, or EBV in primary human B cells. The engineered antibodies were expressed efficiently in primary B cells under the control of endogenous regulatory elements, which maintained normal antibody expression and secretion. Using engineered mouse B cells, we demonstrated that a single transfer of B cells engineered to express an antibody against RSV resulted in potent and durable protection against RSV infection in RAG1-deficient mice. This approach offers the opportunity to achieve sterilizing immunity against pathogens for which traditional vaccination has failed to induce or maintain protective antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howell F Moffett
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N. Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Carson K Harms
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N. Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kristin S Fitzpatrick
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N. Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Marti R Tooley
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N. Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jim Boonyaratanakornkit
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N. Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Justin J Taylor
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N. Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, 1510 San Juan Road, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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228
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Hamon A, García-García D, Ail D, Bitard J, Chesneau A, Dalkara D, Locker M, Roger JE, Perron M. Linking YAP to Müller Glia Quiescence Exit in the Degenerative Retina. Cell Rep 2019; 27:1712-1725.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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229
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Albers JJ, Ammon T, Gosmann D, Audehm S, Thoene S, Winter C, Secci R, Wolf A, Stelzl A, Steiger K, Ruland J, Bassermann F, Kupatt C, Anton M, Krackhardt AM. Gene editing enables T-cell engineering to redirect antigen specificity for potent tumor rejection. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/2/e201900367. [PMID: 30877233 PMCID: PMC6421629 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted integration of a tumor-reactive T-cell receptor into the TRAC locus using CRISPR-Cas9 and AAV6 redirects primary human T cells against tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Adoptive transfer of TCR transgenic T cells holds great promise for treating various cancers. So far, mainly semi-randomly integrating vectors have been used to genetically modify T cells. These carry the risk of insertional mutagenesis, and the sole addition of an exogenous TCR potentially results in the mispairing of TCR chains with endogenous ones. Established approaches using nonviral vectors, such as transposons, already reduce the risk of insertional mutagenesis but have not accomplished site-specific integration. Here, we used CRISPR-Cas9 RNPs and adeno-associated virus 6 for gene targeting to deliver an engineered TCR gene specifically to the TCR alpha constant locus, thus placing it under endogenous transcriptional control. Our data demonstrate that this approach replaces the endogenous TCR, functionally redirects the edited T cells’ specificity in vitro, and facilitates potent tumor rejection in an in vivo xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian J Albers
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Ammon
- Experimental Hematology Group, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dario Gosmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Audehm
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Silvia Thoene
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof Winter
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramona Secci
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Wolf
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Stelzl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Bassermann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner-Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Anton
- Institut für Molekulare Immunologie und Experimentelle Onkologie und Therapieforschung, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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230
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Kano SI, Choi EY, Dohi E, Agarwal S, Chang DJ, Wilson AM, Lo BD, Rose IVL, Gonzalez S, Imai T, Sawa A. Glutathione S-transferases promote proinflammatory astrocyte-microglia communication during brain inflammation. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/569/eaar2124. [PMID: 30783009 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aar2124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes and microglia play critical roles in brain inflammation. Here, we report that glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), particularly GSTM1, promote proinflammatory signaling in astrocytes and contribute to astrocyte-mediated microglia activation during brain inflammation. In vivo, astrocyte-specific knockdown of GSTM1 in the prefrontal cortex attenuated microglia activation in brain inflammation induced by systemic injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Knocking down GSTM1 in astrocytes also attenuated LPS-induced production of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by microglia when the two cell types were cocultured. In astrocytes, GSTM1 was required for the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and the production of proinflammatory mediators, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), both of which enhance microglia activation. Our study suggests that GSTs play a proinflammatory role in priming astrocytes and enhancing microglia activation in a microglia-astrocyte positive feedback loop during brain inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Kano
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Eric Y Choi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Eisuke Dohi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Swati Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Daniel J Chang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ashley M Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Brian D Lo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Indigo V L Rose
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Santiago Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Takashi Imai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Host Defense, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. .,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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231
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Lopez-Gordo E, Kohlbrenner E, Katz MG, Weber T. AAV Vectors for Efficient Gene Delivery to Rodent Hearts. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1950:311-332. [PMID: 30783983 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9139-6_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Currently, gene therapy is one of the most promising fields in biomedicine, with great therapeutic potential for an array of inherited and acquired diseases. Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors have emerged as promising tools to deliver selectively a therapeutic payload to target organs, including the heart. In this chapter, we describe the production and quality control of recombinant AAV (rAAV) vectors of the serotype 9, the most cardiotropic AAV serotype when delivered systemically in rodents. We also describe the systemic administration of rAAV vectors and the local delivery of rAAV vectors by direct intramyocardial injection. Taken together, the methods described in this chapter will allow the reader to deliver efficiently therapeutic genes to the rodent heart, both globally and regionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estrella Lopez-Gordo
- Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Erik Kohlbrenner
- Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Michael G Katz
- Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Weber
- Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.
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232
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Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are an efficient method of gene delivery to various tissues including the lung. Mouse models are often used as a preliminary preclinical model in order to advance AAV lung gene therapy vectors. In this chapter we describe an AAV purification protocol using heparin affinity chromatography as well as an intranasal and intratracheal method of delivering AAV vectors to the lungs of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jakob M Domm
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah K Wootton
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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233
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Blessing D, Vachey G, Pythoud C, Rey M, Padrun V, Wurm FM, Schneider BL, Déglon N. Scalable Production of AAV Vectors in Orbitally Shaken HEK293 Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 13:14-26. [PMID: 30591923 PMCID: PMC6305802 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are currently among the most commonly applied for in vivo gene therapy approaches. The evaluation of vectors during clinical development requires the production of considerable amounts of highly pure and potent vectors. Here, we set up a scalable process for AAV production, using orbitally shaken bioreactors and a fully characterized suspension-adapted cell line, HEKExpress. We conducted a proof-of-concept production of AAV2/8 and AAV2/9 vectors using HEKExpress cells. Furthermore, we compared the production of AAV2/9 vectors using this suspension cell line to classical protocols based on adherent HEK293 cells to demonstrate bioequivalence in vitro and in vivo. Following upstream processing, we purified vectors via gradient centrifugation and immunoaffinity chromatography. The in vitro characterization revealed differences due to the purification method, as well as the transfection protocol and the corresponding HEK293 cell line. The purification method and cell line used also affected in vivo transduction efficiency after bilateral injection of AAV2/9 vectors expressing a GFP reporter fused with a nuclear localization signal (AAV2/9-CBA-nlsGFP) into the striatum of adult mice. These results show that AAV vectors deriving from suspension HEKExpress cells are bioequivalent and may exhibit higher potency than vectors produced with adherent HEK293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Blessing
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Neurosciences Research Center (CRN), Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Vachey
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Neurosciences Research Center (CRN), Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Pythoud
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Neurosciences Research Center (CRN), Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Rey
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Neurosciences Research Center (CRN), Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vivianne Padrun
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florian M. Wurm
- ExcellGene SA, 1870 Monthey, Switzerland
- Faculty of Life Science, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EFPL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernard L. Schneider
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Corresponding author: Bernard Schneider, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Nicole Déglon
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Neurosciences Research Center (CRN), Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Corresponding author: Nicole Déglon, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation (LNTM), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Avenue de Beaumont, Pavillon 3, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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234
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Garita-Hernandez M, Guibbal L, Toualbi L, Routet F, Chaffiol A, Winckler C, Harinquet M, Robert C, Fouquet S, Bellow S, Sahel JA, Goureau O, Duebel J, Dalkara D. Optogenetic Light Sensors in Human Retinal Organoids. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:789. [PMID: 30450028 PMCID: PMC6224345 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Optogenetic technologies paved the way to dissect complex neural circuits and monitor neural activity using light in animals. In retinal disease, optogenetics has been used as a therapeutic modality to reanimate the retina after the loss of photoreceptor outer segments. However, it is not clear today which ones of the great diversity of microbial opsins are best suited for therapeutic applications in human retinas as cell lines, primary cell cultures and animal models do not predict expression patterns of microbial opsins in human retinal cells. Therefore, we sought to generate retinal organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) as a screening tool to explore the membrane trafficking efficacy of some recently described microbial opsins. We tested both depolarizing and hyperpolarizing microbial opsins including CatCh, ChrimsonR, ReaChR, eNpHR 3.0, and Jaws. The membrane localization of eNpHR 3.0, ReaChR, and Jaws was the highest, likely due to their additional endoplasmic reticulum (ER) release and membrane trafficking signals. In the case of opsins that were not engineered to improve trafficking efficiency in mammalian cells such as CatCh and ChrimsonR, membrane localization was less efficient. Protein accumulation in organelles such as ER and Golgi was observed at high doses with CatCh and ER retention lead to an unfolded protein response. Also, cytoplasmic localization was observed at high doses of ChrimsonR. Our results collectively suggest that retinal organoids derived from hiPSCs can be used to predict the subcellular fate of optogenetic proteins in a human retinal context. Such organoids are also versatile tools to validate other gene therapy products and drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laure Guibbal
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Lyes Toualbi
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Fiona Routet
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Chaffiol
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Celine Winckler
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Marylin Harinquet
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Camille Robert
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Fouquet
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - José-Alain Sahel
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
- CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, DHU Sight Restore, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Olivier Goureau
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jens Duebel
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Deniz Dalkara
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
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235
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Tomono T, Hirai Y, Okada H, Miyagawa Y, Adachi K, Sakamoto S, Kawano Y, Chono H, Mineno J, Ishii A, Shimada T, Onodera M, Tamaoka A, Okada T. Highly Efficient Ultracentrifugation-free Chromatographic Purification of Recombinant AAV Serotype 9. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 11:180-190. [PMID: 30533449 PMCID: PMC6276309 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (rAAV9) can specifically transduce muscle and neuronal tissues; thus, rAAV9 can potentially be used in gene therapy. However, rAAV9 is the most challenging rAAV serotype to purify. Traditionally, rAAV9 has been purified by ultracentrifugation, which is not scalable. We recently described a chromatographic purification protocol for rAAV1; this protocol can achieve scalable purifications. In this study, we attempted to optimize this protocol for purifying rAAV9 preparations, and we developed a novel, effective method for high-yield purification of rAAV9 using quaternary ammonium anion exchangers and size-exclusion chromatography. The final purified rAAV9 contained mainly three capsid proteins, as observed by SDS-PAGE. Furthermore, negative-stain electron microscopy demonstrated that 96.1% ± 1.1% of rAAV9 particles carried the viral genome containing the EGFP transgene, indicating that impurities and empty capsids can be eliminated with our purification protocol. The final rAAV9 titer obtained by our protocol totaled 2.5 ± 0.4 × 1015 viral genomes produced from ∼3.2 × 109 HEK293EB cells. We confirmed that our protocol can also be applied to purify other varied AAV genome constructs. Our protocol can scale up production of pure rAAV9, in compliance with current good manufacturing practice, for clinical applications in human gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Tomono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Human Genetics, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Majors in Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Hirai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Okada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Miyagawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumi Adachi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Akiko Ishii
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Onodera
- Department of Human Genetics, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Tamaoka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Okada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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236
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Khabou H, Cordeau C, Pacot L, Fisson S, Dalkara D. Dosage Thresholds and Influence of Transgene Cassette in Adeno-Associated Virus-Related Toxicity. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 29:1235-1241. [PMID: 30132368 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, there are >500 published studies and 40 clinical trials to treat retinal disorders using gene therapy. The great majority of them rely on the use of adeno-associated virus vectors (AAV) for therapeutic gene delivery. Thus far, AAVs have an excellent safety profile in the clinic. Nevertheless, it is known that AAV-mediated gene delivery leads to toxicity at higher input doses in experimental gene therapy. This study reveals the factors that contribute to retinal toxicity after subretinal administration of AAV vectors in wild-type mice. The study shows that alongside the input dose, the nature of the transgene and the cells mediating the expression determine the extent of toxicity. Importantly, the study shows that AAV vectors encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) used as controls in experimental gene therapy are toxic at doses as low as 5 × 109 vg, confounding the observed therapeutic effect in gene therapy paradigms. Altogether, the data show the importance of reducing input doses while increasing transgene expression levels via the use of more efficient capsids and promoters in order to avoid side effects in AAV-mediated gene therapy. Furthermore, the toxicity observed with AAV-GFP vectors imply a reinterpretation of previous gene therapy studies where the therapeutic effect was measured in relation to this control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanen Khabou
- 1 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision , Paris, France; and Inserm UMR_S951, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, EPHE, Evry, France
| | - Chloé Cordeau
- 1 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision , Paris, France; and Inserm UMR_S951, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, EPHE, Evry, France
| | - Laure Pacot
- 1 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision , Paris, France; and Inserm UMR_S951, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, EPHE, Evry, France
| | - Sylvain Fisson
- 2 Généthon, Inserm UMR_S951, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, EPHE, Evry, France
| | - Deniz Dalkara
- 1 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision , Paris, France; and Inserm UMR_S951, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, EPHE, Evry, France
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237
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Basche M, Kampik D, Kawasaki S, Branch MJ, Robinson M, Larkin DF, Smith AJ, Ali RR. Sustained and Widespread Gene Delivery to the Corneal Epithelium via In Situ Transduction of Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells, Using Lentiviral and Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 29:1140-1152. [PMID: 30070149 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal epithelial dystrophies are typically characterized by symptoms such as pain, light sensitivity, and corneal opacification leading to impaired vision. The development of gene therapy for such conditions has been hindered by an inability to achieve sustained and extensive gene transfer, as the epithelium is highly replicative and has evolved to exclude foreign material. We undertook a comprehensive study in mice aiming to overcome these impediments. Direct injection of lentiviral vector within the stem cell niche resulted in centripetal streaks of epithelial transgene expression sustained for >1 year, indicating limbal epithelial stem cell transduction in situ. The extent of transgene expression varied markedly but at maximum covered 26% of the corneal surface. After intrastromal injection, adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors were found to penetrate Bowman's membrane and mediate widespread, but transient (12-16 days), epithelial transgene expression. This was sufficient, when applied within a Cre/lox system, to result in recombined epithelium covering up to approximately 80% of the corneal surface. Lastly, systemic delivery of AAV2/9 in neonatal mice resulted in extensive corneal transduction, despite the relative avascularity of the tissue. These findings provide the foundations of a gene therapy toolkit for the corneal epithelium, which might be applied to correction of inherited epithelial dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Basche
- 1 Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom; London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Kampik
- 1 Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom; London, United Kingdom
| | - Satoshi Kawasaki
- 2 Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Matthew J Branch
- 1 Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom; London, United Kingdom
| | - Martha Robinson
- 1 Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom; London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alexander J Smith
- 1 Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom; London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin R Ali
- 1 Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom; London, United Kingdom
- 4 NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
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238
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Charlesworth CT, Camarena J, Cromer MK, Vaidyanathan S, Bak RO, Carte JM, Potter J, Dever DP, Porteus MH. Priming Human Repopulating Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells for Cas9/sgRNA Gene Targeting. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 12:89-104. [PMID: 30195800 PMCID: PMC6023838 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nuclease-mediated gene targeting through homologous recombination (HR) in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) has the potential to treat a variety of genetic hematologic and immunologic disorders. Here, we identify critical parameters to reproducibly achieve high frequencies of RNA-guided (single-guide RNA [sgRNA]; CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease (Cas9/sgRNA) and rAAV6-mediated HR at the β-globin (HBB) locus in HSPCs. We identified that by transducing HSPCs with rAAV6 post-electroporation, there was a greater than 2-fold electroporation-aided transduction (EAT) of rAAV6 endocytosis with roughly 70% of the cell population having undergone transduction within 2 hr. When HSPCs are cultured at low densities (1 × 105 cells/mL) prior to HBB targeting, HSPC expansion rates are significantly positively correlated with HR frequencies in vitro as well as in repopulating cells in immunodeficient NSG mice in vivo. We also show that culturing fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-enriched HBB-targeted HSPCs at low cell densities in the presence of the small molecules, UM171 and SR1, stimulates the expansion of gene-edited HSPCs as measured by higher engraftment levels in immunodeficient mice. This work serves not only as an optimized protocol for genome editing HSPCs at the HBB locus for the treatment of β-hemoglobinopathies but also as a foundation for editing HSPCs at other loci for both basic and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joab Camarena
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M Kyle Cromer
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Rasmus O Bak
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jason M Carte
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Jason Potter
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Daniel P Dever
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Matthew H Porteus
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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239
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Ma L, Jongbloets BC, Xiong WH, Melander JB, Qin M, Lameyer TJ, Harrison MF, Zemelman BV, Mao T, Zhong H. A Highly Sensitive A-Kinase Activity Reporter for Imaging Neuromodulatory Events in Awake Mice. Neuron 2018; 99:665-679.e5. [PMID: 30100256 PMCID: PMC6152931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuromodulation imposes powerful control over brain function, and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is a central downstream mediator of multiple neuromodulators. Although genetically encoded PKA sensors have been developed, single-cell imaging of PKA activity in living mice has not been established. Here, we used two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2pFLIM) to visualize genetically encoded PKA sensors in response to the neuromodulators norepinephrine and dopamine. We screened available PKA sensors for 2pFLIM and further developed a variant (named tAKARα) with increased sensitivity and a broadened dynamic range. This sensor allowed detection of PKA activation by norepinephrine at physiologically relevant concentrations and kinetics, and by optogenetically released dopamine. In vivo longitudinal 2pFLIM imaging of tAKARα tracked bidirectional PKA activities in individual neurons in awake mice and revealed neuromodulatory PKA events that were associated with wakefulness, pharmacological manipulation, and locomotion. This new sensor combined with 2pFLIM will enable interrogation of neuromodulation-induced PKA signaling in awake animals. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Bart C Jongbloets
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Wei-Hong Xiong
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Joshua B Melander
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Maozhen Qin
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Tess J Lameyer
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Madeleine F Harrison
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Boris V Zemelman
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Tianyi Mao
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Haining Zhong
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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240
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Chansel-Debordeaux L, Bourdenx M, Dutheil N, Dovero S, Canron MH, Jimenez C, Bezard E, Dehay B. Systemic Gene Delivery by Single-Dose Intracardiac Administration of scAAV2/9 and scAAV2/rh10 Variants in Newborn Rats. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2018; 29:189-199. [PMID: 30064266 DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2017.192.r3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (rAAV2/9) and pseudotype rhesus-10 (rAAV2/rh10) are used for gene delivery, especially into the central nervous system. Both serotypes cross the blood-brain barrier and mediate stable long-term transduction in dividing and nondividing cells. Among possible routes of administration, intracardiac injection holds the potential for widespread vector diffusion associated with a relatively simple approach. In this study adopting the intracardiac route, we compare the cell-specific tropism and transfection efficacy of a panel of engineered rAAV2/9 and rAAV2/rh10 vectors encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein. We observed transduction in the brain and peripherally, with a predominant neuronal tropism while the various serotypes achieved different expression patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Chansel-Debordeaux
- 1 Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France .,2 CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France .,3 CHU Bordeaux , Service de Biologie de la reproduction-CECOS, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Bourdenx
- 1 Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France .,2 CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Dutheil
- 1 Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France .,2 CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandra Dovero
- 1 Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France .,2 CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Helene Canron
- 1 Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France .,2 CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Clement Jimenez
- 1 Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France .,2 CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France .,3 CHU Bordeaux , Service de Biologie de la reproduction-CECOS, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Erwan Bezard
- 1 Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France .,2 CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Benjamin Dehay
- 1 Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France .,2 CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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241
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Vakulskas CA, Dever DP, Rettig GR, Turk R, Jacobi AM, Collingwood MA, Bode NM, McNeill MS, Yan S, Camarena J, Lee CM, Park SH, Wiebking V, Bak RO, Gomez-Ospina N, Pavel-Dinu M, Sun W, Bao G, Porteus MH, Behlke MA. A high-fidelity Cas9 mutant delivered as a ribonucleoprotein complex enables efficient gene editing in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Nat Med 2018; 24:1216-1224. [PMID: 30082871 PMCID: PMC6107069 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Translation of the CRISPR-Cas9 system to human therapeutics holds high promise. However, specificity remains a concern especially when modifying stem cell populations. We show that existing rationally engineered Cas9 high-fidelity variants have reduced on-target activity when using the therapeutically relevant ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery method. Therefore, we devised an unbiased bacterial screen to isolate variants that retain activity in the RNP format. Introduction of a single point mutation, p.R691A, in Cas9 (high-fidelity (HiFi) Cas9) retained the high on-target activity of Cas9 while reducing off-target editing. HiFi Cas9 induces robust AAV6-mediated gene targeting at five therapeutically relevant loci (HBB, IL2RG, CCR5, HEXB, and TRAC) in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) as well as primary T cells. We also show that HiFi Cas9 mediates high-level correction of the sickle cell disease (SCD)-causing p.E6V mutation in HSPCs derived from patients with SCD. We anticipate that HiFi Cas9 will have wide utility for both basic science and therapeutic genome-editing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel P Dever
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Rolf Turk
- Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Nicole M Bode
- Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA
| | | | - Shuqi Yan
- Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA
| | - Joab Camarena
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ciaran M Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - So Hyun Park
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Volker Wiebking
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rasmus O Bak
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Mara Pavel-Dinu
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wenchao Sun
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Mark A Behlke
- Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA.
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242
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Cromer MK, Vaidyanathan S, Ryan DE, Curry B, Lucas AB, Camarena J, Kaushik M, Hay SR, Martin RM, Steinfeld I, Bak RO, Dever DP, Hendel A, Bruhn L, Porteus MH. Global Transcriptional Response to CRISPR/Cas9-AAV6-Based Genome Editing in CD34 + Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Mol Ther 2018; 26:2431-2442. [PMID: 30005866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-editing technologies are currently being translated to the clinic. However, cellular effects of the editing machinery have yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we performed global microarray-based gene expression measurements on human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that underwent editing. We probed effects of the entire editing process as well as each component individually, including electroporation, Cas9 (mRNA or protein) with chemically modified sgRNA, and AAV6 transduction. We identified differentially expressed genes relative to control treatments, which displayed enrichment for particular biological processes. All editing machinery components elicited immune, stress, and apoptotic responses. Cas9 mRNA invoked the greatest amount of transcriptional change, eliciting a distinct viral response and global transcriptional downregulation, particularly of metabolic and cell cycle processes. Electroporation also induced significant transcriptional change, with notable downregulation of metabolic processes. Surprisingly, AAV6 evoked no detectable viral response. We also found Cas9/sgRNA ribonucleoprotein treatment to be well tolerated, in spite of eliciting a DNA damage signature. Overall, this data establishes a benchmark for cellular tolerance of CRISPR/Cas9-AAV6-based genome editing, ensuring that the clinical protocol is as safe and efficient as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kyle Cromer
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | | | - Bo Curry
- Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA
| | | | - Joab Camarena
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Milan Kaushik
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sarah R Hay
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Renata M Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Rasmus O Bak
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daniel P Dever
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ayal Hendel
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
| | | | - Matthew H Porteus
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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243
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Powers JM, Chang XL, Song Z, Nakai H. A Quantitative Dot Blot Assay for AAV Titration and Its Use for Functional Assessment of the Adeno-associated Virus Assembly-activating Proteins. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29985340 DOI: 10.3791/56766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
While adeno-associated virus (AAV) is widely accepted as an attractive vector for gene therapy, it also serves as a model virus for understanding virus biology. In the latter respect, the recent discovery of a non-structural AAV protein, termed assembly-activating protein (AAP), has shed new light on the processes involved in assembly of the viral capsid VP proteins into a capsid. Although many AAV serotypes require AAP for assembly, we have recently reported that AAV4, 5, and 11 are exceptions to this rule. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AAPs and assembled capsids of different serotypes localize to different subcellular compartments. This unexpected heterogeneity in the biological properties and functional roles of AAPs among different AAV serotypes underscores the importance of studies on AAPs derived from diverse serotypes. This manuscript details a straightforward dot blot assay for AAV quantitation and its application to assess AAP dependency and serotype specificity in capsid assembly. To demonstrate the utility of this dot blot assay, we set out to characterize capsid assembly and AAP dependency of Snake AAV, a previously uncharacterized reptile AAV, as well as AAV5 and AAV9, which have previously been shown to be AAP-independent and AAP-dependent serotypes, respectively. The assay revealed that Snake AAV capsid assembly requires Snake AAP and cannot be promoted by AAPs from AAV5 and AAV9. The assay also showed that, unlike many of the common serotype AAPs that promote heterologous capsid assembly by cross-complementation, Snake AAP does not promote assembly of AAV9 capsids. In addition, we show that the choice of nuclease significantly affects the readout of the dot blot assay, and thus, choosing an optimal enzyme is critical for successful assessment of AAV titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Powers
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Xiao Lan Chang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Zhen Song
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Hiroyuki Nakai
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University;
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244
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van Lieshout LP, Domm JM, Rindler TN, Frost KL, Sorensen DL, Medina SJ, Booth SA, Bridges JP, Wootton SK. A Novel Triple-Mutant AAV6 Capsid Induces Rapid and Potent Transgene Expression in the Muscle and Respiratory Tract of Mice. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 9:323-329. [PMID: 30038936 PMCID: PMC6054702 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy for the treatment of genetic disorders has demonstrated considerable therapeutic success in clinical trials. Among the most effective and commonly used gene delivery vectors are those based on adeno-associated virus (AAV). Despite these advances in clinical gene therapy, further improvements in AAV vector properties such as rapid intracellular processing and transgene expression, targeted transduction of therapeutically relevant cell types, and longevity of transgene expression, will render extension of such successes to many other human diseases. Engineering of AAV capsids continues to evolve the specificity and efficiency of AAV-mediated gene transfer. Here, we describe a triple AAV6 mutant, termed AAV6.2FF, containing F129L, Y445F, and Y731F mutations. AAV6.2FF yielded 10-fold greater transgene expression in lung than AAV6 after 21 days. Additionally, this novel capsid demonstrated 101-fold and 49-fold increased transgene expression in the muscle and lungs, respectively, 24 hr post vector delivery when compared with the parental AAV6. Furthermore, AAV6.2FF retains heparin sulfate binding capacity and displays a 10-fold increase in resistance to pooled immunoglobulin neutralization in vitro. The rapid and potent expression mediated by AAV6.2FF is ideally suited to applications such as vectored immunoprophylaxis, in which rapid transgene expression is vital for use during an outbreak response scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jakob M Domm
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Tara N Rindler
- Perinatal Institute, Section of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kathy L Frost
- Molecular Pathobiology, National Microbiology Laboratory (NML), Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Debra L Sorensen
- Molecular Pathobiology, National Microbiology Laboratory (NML), Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Sarah J Medina
- Molecular Pathobiology, National Microbiology Laboratory (NML), Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Stephanie A Booth
- Molecular Pathobiology, National Microbiology Laboratory (NML), Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - James P Bridges
- Perinatal Institute, Section of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Sarah K Wootton
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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245
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Kleven MD, Gomes MM, Wortham AM, Enns CA, Kahl CA. Ultrafiltered recombinant AAV8 vector can be safely administered in vivo and efficiently transduces liver. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194728. [PMID: 29621273 PMCID: PMC5886455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral vectors are extensively purified for use in biomedical research, in order to separate biologically active virus particles and to eliminate production related impurities that are assumed to be detrimental to the host. For recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors this is typically accomplished using density gradient-based methods, which are tedious and require specialized ultracentrifugation equipment. In order to streamline the preparation of rAAV vectors for pilot and small animal studies, we recently devised a simple ultrafiltration approach that permits rapid virus concentration and partial removal of production-related impurities. Here we show that systemic administration of such rapidly prepared (RP) rAAV8 vectors in mice is safe and efficiently transduces the liver. Across a range of doses, delivery of RP rAAV8-CMV-eGFP vector induced enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression in liver that was comparable to that obtained from a conventional iodixanol gradient-purified (IP) vector. Surprisingly, no liver inflammation or systemic cytokine induction was detected in RP rAAV injected animals, revealing that residual impurities in the viral vector preparation are not deleterious to the host. Together, these data demonstrate that partially purified rAAV vector can be safely and effectively administered in vivo. The speed and versatility of the RP method and lack of need for cumbersome density gradients or expensive ultracentrifuge equipment will enable more widespread use of RP prepared rAAV vectors, such as for pilot liver gene transfer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Kleven
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Michelle M. Gomes
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Aaron M. Wortham
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Caroline A. Enns
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Christoph A. Kahl
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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246
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Bak RO, Porteus MH. CRISPR-Mediated Integration of Large Gene Cassettes Using AAV Donor Vectors. Cell Rep 2018; 20:750-756. [PMID: 28723575 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system has recently been shown to facilitate high levels of precise genome editing using adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors to serve as donor template DNA during homologous recombination (HR). However, the maximum AAV packaging capacity of ∼4.5 kb limits the donor size. Here, we overcome this constraint by showing that two co-transduced AAV vectors can serve as donors during consecutive HR events for the integration of large transgenes. Importantly, the method involves a single-step procedure applicable to primary cells with relevance to therapeutic genome editing. We use the methodology in primary human T cells and CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to site-specifically integrate an expression cassette that, as a single donor vector, would otherwise amount to a total of 6.5 kb. This approach now provides an efficient way to integrate large transgene cassettes into the genomes of primary human cells using HR-mediated genome editing with AAV vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus O Bak
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Matthew H Porteus
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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247
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Lin S, Nascimento EM, Gajera CR, Chen L, Neuhöfer P, Garbuzov A, Wang S, Artandi SE. Distributed hepatocytes expressing telomerase repopulate the liver in homeostasis and injury. Nature 2018; 556:244-248. [PMID: 29618815 PMCID: PMC5895494 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocytes are replenished gradually during homeostasis and robustly
after liver injury1,2. In adults, new hepatocytes originate
from the existing hepatocyte pool3-8, but the
cellular source of renewing hepatocytes remains incompletely understood.
Telomerase is expressed in many stem cell populations, and telomerase pathway
gene mutations are linked to liver diseases9-11. Here, we
identify a subset of hepatocytes that expresses high levels of telomerase and
show that this hepatocyte subset repopulates the liver during homeostasis and
injury. Using lineage tracing from the telomerase reverse transcriptase
(Tert) locus in mice, we demonstrate that rare hepatocytes
with high telomerase expression are distributed throughout the liver lobule.
During homeostasis, these cells regenerate hepatocytes in all lobular zones, and
both self-renew and differentiate to yield expanding hepatocyte clones that
eventually dominate the liver. In injury responses, the repopulating activity of
TERTHigh hepatocytes is accelerated and their progeny cross zonal
boundaries. RNA-seq reveals that metabolic genes are down regulated in
TERTHigh hepatocytes, indicating that metabolic activity and
repopulating activity may be segregated within the hepatocyte lineage. Genetic
ablation of TERTHigh hepatocytes combined with chemical injury causes
a marked increase in stellate cell activation and fibrosis. These results
provide support for a ‘distributed model’ of hepatocyte renewal
in which a subset of hepatocytes dispersed throughout the lobule clonally
expands to maintain liver mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengda Lin
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elisabete M Nascimento
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chandresh R Gajera
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Neuhöfer
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alina Garbuzov
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Steven E Artandi
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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248
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György B, Lööv C, Zaborowski MP, Takeda S, Kleinstiver BP, Commins C, Kastanenka K, Mu D, Volak A, Giedraitis V, Lannfelt L, Maguire CA, Joung JK, Hyman BT, Breakefield XO, Ingelsson M. CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Disruption of the Swedish APP Allele as a Therapeutic Approach for Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 11:429-440. [PMID: 29858078 PMCID: PMC5992788 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The APPswe (Swedish) mutation in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene causes dominantly inherited Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as a result of increased β-secretase cleavage of the amyloid-β (Aβ) precursor protein. This leads to abnormally high Aβ levels, not only in brain but also in peripheral tissues of mutation carriers. Here, we selectively disrupted the human mutant APPSW allele using CRISPR. By applying CRISPR/Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes, we generated allele-specific deletions of either APPSW or APPWT. As measured by ELISA, conditioned media of targeted patient-derived fibroblasts displayed an approximate 60% reduction in secreted Aβ. Next, coding sequences for the APPSW-specific guide RNA (gRNA) and Cas9 were packaged into separate adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors. Site-specific indel formation was achieved both in primary neurons isolated from APPSW transgenic mouse embryos (Tg2576) and after co-injection of these vectors into hippocampus of adult mice. Taken together, we here present proof-of-concept data that CRISPR/Cas9 can selectively disrupt the APPSW allele both ex vivo and in vivo—and thereby decrease pathogenic Aβ. Hence, this system may have the potential to be developed as a tool for gene therapy against AD caused by APPswe and other point mutations associated with increased Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence György
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Center for NeuroDiscovery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Camilla Lööv
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mikołaj P Zaborowski
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Center for NeuroDiscovery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Shuko Takeda
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin P Kleinstiver
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caitlin Commins
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ksenia Kastanenka
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dakai Mu
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Center for NeuroDiscovery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrienn Volak
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Center for NeuroDiscovery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Casey A Maguire
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Center for NeuroDiscovery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Keith Joung
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xandra O Breakefield
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Center for NeuroDiscovery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Center for NeuroDiscovery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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249
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Torra A, Parent A, Cuadros T, Rodríguez-Galván B, Ruiz-Bronchal E, Ballabio A, Bortolozzi A, Vila M, Bové J. Overexpression of TFEB Drives a Pleiotropic Neurotrophic Effect and Prevents Parkinson's Disease-Related Neurodegeneration. Mol Ther 2018; 26:1552-1567. [PMID: 29628303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The possible implication of transcription factor EB (TFEB) as a therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease has gained momentum since it was discovered that TFEB controls lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy and that its activation might counteract lysosomal impairment and protein aggregation. However, the majority of putative direct targets of TFEB described to date is linked to a range of biological processes that are not related to the lysosomal-autophagic system. Here, we assessed the effect of overexpressing TFEB with an adeno-associated viral vector in mouse substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. We demonstrate that TFEB overexpression drives a previously unknown bona fide neurotrophic effect, giving rise to cell growth, higher tyrosine hydroxylase levels, and increased dopamine release in the striatum. TFEB overexpression induces the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3 (MAPK1/3) and AKT pro-survival pathways, phosphorylation of mTORC1 effectors 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and S6 kinase B1 (S6K1), and increased protein synthesis. We show that TFEB overexpression prevents dopaminergic cell loss and counteracts atrophy and the associated protein synthesis decline in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Our results suggest that increasing TFEB activity might prevent neuronal death and restore neuronal function in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases through different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Torra
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Annabelle Parent
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Thais Cuadros
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rodríguez-Galván
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Esther Ruiz-Bronchal
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology, IIBB-CSIC, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Analía Bortolozzi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology, IIBB-CSIC, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Vila
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Jordi Bové
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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250
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Human Neural Stem Cells with GDNF Site-Specific Integration at AAVS1 by Using AAV Vectors Retained Their Stemness. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:930-937. [PMID: 29435804 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The neural stem cells (NSCs) have the ability to self-renew, and to migrate to pathologically altered regions of the central nervous system. Glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) could protect dopamine neurons and rescue motor neurons in vivo, which has been proposed as a promising candidate for the treatments of degenerative neurological diseases. In order to combine the advantages of neurotrophic factors and stem cells in clinical therapy, we established the modified hNSCs that has site-specific integration of GDNF gene by using recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors. The hNSCs were co-infected by rAAV2-EGFP-GDNF and rAAV2-SVAV2 which provide integrase to specifically integrate GDNF gene into AAVS1 site. The GDNF-hNSCs maintained their original stem cell characteristics and the ability to differentiate into neurons in vitro. In the animal model, the GDNF-hNSCs were specifically transplanted into CA1 area of hippocampi and could migrate to the dentate gyrus region and differentiate into neuronal cells while maintaining GDNF expression. hNSCs with GDNF gene site-specific integration at AAVS1 by using AAV vectors retained their stemness and effectively expressed GDNF, which indicates the potential of employing transplanted hNPCs for treatment of brain injuries and degenerative neurological diseases.
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