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Healey EL, Allen KD, Bennell K, Bowden JL, Quicke JG, Smith R. Self-Report Measures of Physical Activity. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72 Suppl 10:717-730. [PMID: 33091242 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Healey
- Primary Care Centre Versus Arthritis and School of Primary, Community and Social Care, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Kelli D Allen
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation, Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kim Bennell
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Jonathan G Quicke
- Primary Care Centre Versus Arthritis and School of Primary, Community and Social Care, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Robert Smith
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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202
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Mosnaim GS, Stempel DA, Gonzalez C, Adams B, BenIsrael-Olive N, Gondalia R, Kaye L, Shalowitz M, Szefler S. The Impact of Patient Self-Monitoring Via Electronic Medication Monitor and Mobile App Plus Remote Clinician Feedback on Adherence to Inhaled Corticosteroids: A Randomized Controlled Trial. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 9:1586-1594. [PMID: 33212239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor adherence to inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and overuse of short-acting beta2-agonists (SABAs) are associated with increased asthma morbidity. OBJECTIVE To assess whether patient self-monitoring via electronic medication monitoring and smartphone application plus remote clinician feedback influences ICS and SABA use. METHODS Adults with uncontrolled asthma and prescribed ICS and SABA were enrolled in this 14-week study. Inhalers were fitted with electronic medication monitoring to track real-time usage. After a 14-day baseline, participants were randomly assigned to the treatment group where they received reminders and feedback on ICS and SABA use via a smartphone application and clinician phone calls, or control group without feedback. Linear mixed models compared the baseline percentage of SABA-free days and ICS adherence to the last 14 study days. RESULTS Participants (n = 100) had a mean age of 48.5 years, 80% were female, 68% white, and 80% privately insured. The percentage of SABA-free days increased significantly in the treatment group (19%; 95% CI, 12 to 26; P < .01) and nonsignificantly in the control group (6%, 95% CI, -3 to 16; P = .18), representing a 13% (95% CI, 1-26; P = .04) difference. ICS adherence changed minimally in the treatment group (-2%; 95% CI, -7 to 3; P = .40), but decreased significantly (-17%; 95% CI, -26 to -8; P < .01) in the control group, representing a 15% (95% CI, 4 to 25; P < .01) difference. CONCLUSIONS Patient self-monitoring via a digital platform plus remote clinician feedback maintained high baseline ICS adherence and decreased SABA use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle S Mosnaim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill.
| | - David A Stempel
- Propeller Health, an Affiliate of ResMed, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Candy Gonzalez
- Research Institute, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill
| | - Brittany Adams
- Research Institute, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill
| | - Naomi BenIsrael-Olive
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill
| | | | | | | | - Stanley Szefler
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Allergy and Immunology and Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine and the Breathing Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colo
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203
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Samuel A, Brouwer ID, Pamungkas NP, Terra T, Lelisa A, Kebede A, Osendarp SJM. Determinants of adherence to micronutrient powder use among young children in Ethiopia. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 17:e13111. [PMID: 33169528 PMCID: PMC7988858 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In Ethiopia, home fortification of complementary foods with micronutrient powders (MNPs) was introduced in 2015 as a new approach to improve micronutrient intakes. The objective of this study was to assess factors associated with intake adherence and drivers for correct MNP use over time to inform scale‐up of MNP interventions. Mixed methods including questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions were used. Participants, 1,185 children (6–11 months), received bimonthly 30 MNP sachets for 8 months, with instruction to consume 15 sachets/month, that is, a sachet every other day and maximum of one sachet per day. Adherence to distribution (if child receives ≥14 sachets/month) and adherence to instruction (if child receives exactly 15[±1] sachets/month) were assessed monthly by counting used sachets. Factors associated with adherence were examined using generalized estimating equations. Adherence fluctuated over time, an average of 58% adherence to distribution and 28% for adherence to instruction. Average MNP consumption was 79% out of the total sachets provided. Factors positively associated with adherence included ease of use (instruction), child liking MNP and support from community (distribution and instruction) and mother's age >25 years (distribution). Distance to health post, knowledge of correct use (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.66–0.81), perceived negative effects (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.54–0.99) and living in Southern Nations, Nationalities and People Region (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.52–0.67) were inversely associated with adherence to distribution. Free MNP provision, trust in the government and field staff played a role in successful implementation. MNP is promising to be scaled‐up, by taking into account factors that positively and negatively determine adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aregash Samuel
- Food Science and Nutrition Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Inge D Brouwer
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nindya P Pamungkas
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tosca Terra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Azeb Lelisa
- Nutrition International, Ethiopia, C/O Ethiopia-Canada Cooperation Office (CIDA-ECCO), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Amha Kebede
- Food Science and Nutrition Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Saskia J M Osendarp
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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204
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Vandelanotte C, Short CE, Plotnikoff RC, Rebar A, Alley S, Schoeppe S, Canoy DF, Hooker C, Power D, Oldmeadow C, Leigh L, To Q, Mummery WK, Duncan MJ. Are web-based personally tailored physical activity videos more effective than personally tailored text-based interventions? Results from the three-arm randomised controlled TaylorActive trial. Br J Sports Med 2020; 55:336-343. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesSome online, personally tailored, text-based physical activity interventions have proven effective. However, people tend to ‘skim’ and ‘scan’ web-based text rather than thoroughly read their contents. In contrast, online videos are more engaging and popular. We examined whether web-based personally tailored physical activity videos were more effective in promoting physical activity than personally tailored text and generic information.Methods501 adults were randomised into a video-tailored intervention, text-tailored intervention or control. Over a 3-month period, intervention groups received access to eight sessions of web-based personally tailored physical activity advice. Only the delivery method differed between intervention groups: tailored video versus tailored text. The primary outcome was 7-day ActiGraph-GT3X+ measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) assessed at 0, 3 and 9 months. Secondary outcomes included self-reported MVPA and website engagement. Differences were examined using generalised linear mixed models with intention-to-treat and multiple imputation.ResultsAccelerometer-assessed MVPA increased 23% in the control (1.23 (1.06, 1.43)), 12% in the text-tailored (1.12 (0.95, 1.32)) and 28% in the video-tailored (1.28 (1.06, 1.53)) groups at the 3-month follow-up only, though there were no significant between-group differences. Both text-tailored (1.77 (1.37, 2.28]) and video-tailored (1.37 (1.04, 1.79)) groups significantly increased self-reported MVPA more than the control group at 3 months only, but there were no differences between video-tailored and text-tailored groups. The video-tailored group spent significantly more time on the website compared with text-tailored participants (90 vs 77 min, p=0.02).ConclusionsThe personally tailored videos were not more effective than personally tailored text in increasing MVPA. The findings from this study conflict with pilot study outcomes and previous literature. Process evaluation and mediation analyses will provide further insights.Trial registration numberACTRN12615000057583
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205
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Xie Z, Jo A, Hong YR. Electronic wearable device and physical activity among US adults: An analysis of 2019 HINTS data. Int J Med Inform 2020; 144:104297. [PMID: 33059242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting physical activity is one of the most critical components in strategies to improve both individual and population health. Previous studies on electronic wearable devices (EWDs) have shown modest improvements in physical activity, including daily steps and energy expenditures. Large population-based evidence on EWDs and physical activity is needed to better understand the patterns of EWD use and physical activity. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from the Health Information National Trends Survey 2019. We calculated weighted frequencies and prevalence of EWD utilization. Wald Chi-square test was used to compare individual characteristics by EWD use, and multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to examine the associations between EWD use and physical activity level while adjusting for sociodemographic/health-related characteristics. RESULTS The final sample included 4219 respondents representing 212,976,500 US adults aged 18 years or older. The overall utilization of EWDs in this group was 28.2 % (95 % CI, 26.0-30.5%). Respondents who used EWDs were more likely to have 150 min/week or over physical activities compared to those who did not use EWDs in the past 12 months (OR, 1.53, 95 % CI, 1.16-2.02). When restricting the analaysis to those with chronic conditions only, EWD use was still associated with higher level of physical activity (OR, 1.74, 95 % CI, 1.02-2.98). CONCLUSIONS About three in ten Americans reported using EWDs in the past year. EWD use seems to be associated with achieving a higher level of physical activity. Further studies are needed to examine the effect of EWD use on other clinical measures and subsequent health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Xie
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Ara Jo
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Young-Rock Hong
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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206
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Timmer TC, de Groot R, Rijnhart JJ, Lakerveld J, Brug J, Perenboom CW, Baart AM, Prinsze FJ, Zalpuri S, van der Schoot CE, de Kort WL, van den Hurk K. Dietary intake of heme iron is associated with ferritin and hemoglobin levels in Dutch blood donors: results from Donor InSight. Haematologica 2020; 105:2400-2406. [PMID: 33054080 PMCID: PMC7556674 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.229450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole blood donors, especially frequently donating donors, have a risk of iron deficiency and low hemoglobin levels, which may affect their health and eligibility to donate. Lifestyle behaviors, such as dietary iron intake and physical activity, may influence iron stores and thereby hemoglobin levels. We aimed to investigate whether dietary iron intake and questionnaire-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were associated with hemoglobin levels, and whether ferritin levels mediated these associations. In Donor InSight-III, a Dutch cohort study of blood and plasma donors, data on heme and non-heme iron intake (mg/day), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (10 minutes/day), hemoglobin levels (mmol/L) and ferritin levels (μg/L) were available in 2,323 donors (1,074 male). Donors with higher heme iron intakes (regression coefficients (β) in men and women: 0.160 and 0.065 mmol/L higher hemoglobin per 1 mg of heme iron, respectively) and lower non-heme iron intakes (β: -0.014 and -0.017, respectively) had higher hemoglobin levels, adjusted for relevant confounders. Ferritin levels mediated these associations (indirect effect (95% confidence interval) in men and women respectively: 0.074 (0.045; 0.111) and 0.061 (0.030; 0.096) for heme and -0.003 (-0.008;0.001) and -0.008 (-0.013;-0.003) for non-heme). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was negatively associated with hemoglobin levels in men only (β: -0.005), but not mediated by ferritin levels. In conclusion, higher heme and lower non-heme iron intake were associated with higher hemoglobin levels in donors, via higher ferritin levels. This indicates that donors with high heme iron intake may be more capable of maintaining iron stores to recover hemoglobin levels after blood donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany C. Timmer
- Sanquin Research, Department of Donor Medicine Research - Donor Studies, Amsterdam
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam
| | - Rosa de Groot
- Sanquin Research, Department of Donor Medicine Research - Donor Studies, Amsterdam
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam
| | - Judith J.M. Rijnhart
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam
| | - Johannes Brug
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), Amsterdam
| | - Corine W.M. Perenboom
- Wageningen University and Research, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen
| | - A. Mireille Baart
- Wageningen University and Research, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen
| | - Femmeke J. Prinsze
- Sanquin Research, Department of Donor Medicine Research - Donor Studies, Amsterdam
| | - Saurabh Zalpuri
- Sanquin Research, Department of Donor Medicine Research - Donor Studies, Amsterdam
| | - C. Ellen van der Schoot
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam
- Sanquin Research, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wim L.A.M. de Kort
- Sanquin Research, Department of Donor Medicine Research - Donor Studies, Amsterdam
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam
| | - Katja van den Hurk
- Sanquin Research, Department of Donor Medicine Research - Donor Studies, Amsterdam
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207
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Marques A, Bordado J, Peralta M, Gouveia ER, Tesler R, Demetriou Y, Gomez Baya D. Cross-sectional and prospective relationship between physical activity and depression symptoms. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16114. [PMID: 32999306 PMCID: PMC7527477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse the cross-sectional and prospective relationship between moderate and vigorous physical activity (PA) and depression symptoms. This study analysed 32,392 European late middle-aged to older adults, from 14 European countries across a 4-year follow-up. Data was collected in the fourth (in 2011) and sixth (in 2015) wave, from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). For the present analysis, participants were considered who responded to the EURO-D 12-item scale of depression symptoms and reported the intensity and frequency of PA. ANCOVAs were conducted to assess the cross-sectional and prospective associations. For both men and women, engaging in moderate or vigorous PA in 2011 was associated with a lower score of depression in 2011 and 2015. From the prospective analysis, moderate and vigorous PA in 2011 was inversely associated with the score of depression. This association remains significant in the fully adjusted for self-rated health, sociodemographic characteristics, and the presence of chronic diseases. Moderate and vigorous PA at least once a week is negatively related to the score of depression, both in men and women. PA is negatively associated with depression symptoms, and from prospective analysis PA predicts lower depression scores 4 years later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Univerisdade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, 1499-002, Lisboa, Portugal. .,ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Univerisdade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal. .,University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
| | - Joana Bordado
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Univerisidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Univerisdade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, 1499-002, Lisboa, Portugal.,ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Univerisdade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elvio R Gouveia
- Interactive Technologies Institute, LARSyS, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Riki Tesler
- Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Araujo GMD, Pinto RZ, Azevedo BR, Silva FG, Damato TM, Grande GD, Christofaro DGD, Oliveira CB. Measurement Properties of the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire in Patients with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain. PM R 2020; 13:250-257. [PMID: 32915521 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) is a brief and easy instrument to measure time spent on sedentary activities; however, no study has investigated the reliability and validity of this questionnaire in people with chronic low back pain (LBP). OBJECTIVE To investigate the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, measurement error, construct validity, and interpretability of the SBQ against data derived from an accelerometer in patients with nonspecific chronic LBP. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Outpatient physiotherapy clinic. PATIENTS Seventy-five patients aged between 18 and 60 years (mean age, 42 years old) with nonspecific chronic LBP were recruited for this study. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. METHODS The Cronbach's α was calculated to investigate the internal consistency of the SBQ and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to investigate the reliability of the SBQ between two administrations separated by a 1-week interval. Measurement error was assessed calculating the SEM and minimal detectable change (MDC). Spearman correlation (r) was calculated to investigate the construct validity using hypothesis testing. Interpretability was investigated using ceiling and floor effects. RESULTS The Cronbach's α of the SBQ total score was 0.92, indicating homogeneity among the items of the instrument. The reliability of the SBQ was excellent (ICC > 0.75), without any evidence of ceiling and floor effects. Regarding measurement error, the total score of the SBQ showed an SEM and MDC of 109.8 minutes per day and 304.4 minutes per day, respectively. However, there were no correlations of the SBQ domains or the total score with the accelerometer-measured sedentary time (r < 0.25). CONCLUSION The SBQ is a reliable tool for quantifying time spent in sedentary activities of patients with chronic LBP. The SBQ showed poor construct validity compared to the accelerometer-measured sedentary time, which indicates that patients may underestimate their time spent in sedentary activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia M D Araujo
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Rafael Z Pinto
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bruna R Azevedo
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G Silva
- Programa de Mestrado e Doutorado em Fisioterapia, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana M Damato
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Guilherme D Grande
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Diego G D Christofaro
- Departamento de Educação Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Crystian B Oliveira
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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209
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Musana JW, Cohen CR, Kuppermann M, Gerona R, Wanyoro A, Aguilar D, Santos N, Temmerman M, Weiss SJ. Association of differential symptoms of stress to hair cortisol and cortisone concentrations among pregnant women in Kenya. Stress 2020; 23:556-566. [PMID: 31747807 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1696305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterize the stress experienced by pregnant women in Kenya and assess the relationship between perceived stress and stress-related biomarkers of cortisol and cortisone.Background: Kenyan women are exposed to multiple stressors that may result in chronic stress. However, antenatal stress has not been examined and characterized in Kenya; nor has the relationship between pregnant women's self-reported stress and stress biomarkers been established.Methods: One hundred and fifty women were recruited between 22 and 28 weeks gestation. Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Hair samples were obtained for analysis of cortisol and cortisone. Factor analysis was used to extract unique clusters of stress symptoms from items in the PSS. Regression models were computed to examine relationships of stress to cortisone and cortisol, controlling for obstetric risk.Results: Mean age of the women was 25 years (SD = 5, ±16-41). Their degree of perceived stress and cortisol/cortisone concentrations both indicated moderate levels of stress. There was no association between general perceived stress and either hair cortisol or cortisone. However, factor analysis of the PSS identified three clusters of stress symptoms and one cluster - a woman's negative frame of mind regarding life and inefficacy in handling its problems - was associated with higher levels of cortisone (β= -.231, p = 0.011).Conclusions: Specific stress symptoms may have unique relationships to specific biomarkers and be more useful in assessment than general perceived stress. Assays of both hair cortisol and cortisone might enable a more comprehensive assessment of glucocorticoid activity and better prediction of health risks from stress.Lay summaryUnderstanding stress among rural pregnant Kenyan women may help in addressing risks during pregnancy that lead to adverse birth outcomes. Findings suggest that a woman's tendency to think negatively about life and to doubt her ability to handle life's problems are symptoms of stress that may contribute to higher levels of stress hormones. Assessing women's specific symptoms of stress and different stress hormones during pregnancy may more effectively identify women who need intervention to reduce their health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Musana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Craig R Cohen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Miriam Kuppermann
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Roy Gerona
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Wanyoro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David Aguilar
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Santos
- Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marleen Temmerman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sandra J Weiss
- Department of Community Health Systems, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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210
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Kalajas-Tilga H, Koka A, Hein V, Tilga H, Raudsepp L. Motivational processes in physical education and objectively measured physical activity among adolescents. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2020; 9:462-471. [PMID: 32928449 PMCID: PMC7498624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Grounded in self-determination theory (SDT), the present study tested how students' perceptions of autonomy support from physical education teachers predicts objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of adolescents. According to SDT, it was expected that psychological needs and autonomous and controlled forms of motivation would mediate these relationships. METHODS Students (n = 397) aged from 11 to 15 years in 17 different schools filled in questionnaires regarding SDT variables. In addition, objective MVPA was measured using an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X; ActiGraph, Pensacola, FL, USA) for 7 days. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the hypothesized relationships among the study variables. RESULTS The theory-based model showed a good fit with the data: χ2 = 642.464, df = 257; comparative fit index = 0.932; non-normed fit index = 0.921; root mean square error of approximation = 0.062; root mean square error of approximation 90% confidence interval: 0.054-0.067. As hypothesized, there was a significant and positive direct relationship between autonomy support and need satisfaction (β = 0.81, p = 0.001). In turn, need satisfaction positively predicted intrinsic motivation (β = 0.86, p = 0.001). Intrinsic motivation was positively related to MVPA (β = 0.29, p = 0.009). A significant indirect effect (β = 0.20, p = 0.004) supported the mediating role of psychological need satisfaction and intrinsic motivation in the relationship between perceived autonomy support and objectively measured MVPA. CONCLUSION The findings of the current study support the applicability of the SDT-based model in explaining the antecedents of objectively measured MVPA of adolescents. To enhance adolescents' daily MVPA, special focus should be put on increasing their intrinsic motivation toward physical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kalajas-Tilga
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, EE 51008, Estonia.
| | - Andre Koka
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, EE 51008, Estonia
| | - Vello Hein
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, EE 51008, Estonia
| | - Henri Tilga
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, EE 51008, Estonia
| | - Lennart Raudsepp
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, EE 51008, Estonia
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Longitudinal Associations Between Contact Frequency with Friends and with Family, Activity Engagement, and Cognitive Functioning. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2020; 26:815-824. [PMID: 32200766 PMCID: PMC7483134 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617720000259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social engagement may be an important protective resource for cognitive aging. Some evidence suggests that time spent with friends may be more beneficial for cognition than time spent with family. Because maintaining friendships has been demonstrated to require more active maintenance and engagement in shared activities, activity engagement may be one underlying pathway that explains the distinct associations between contact frequency with friends versus family and cognition. METHODS Using two waves of data from the national survey of Midlife in the United States (n = 3707, Mage = 55.80, 51% female at baseline), we examined longitudinal associations between contact frequency with friends and family, activity engagement (cognitive and physical activities), and cognition (episodic memory and executive functioning) to determine whether activity engagement mediates the relationship between contact frequency and cognition. RESULTS The longitudinal mediation model revealed that more frequent contact with friends, but not family, was associated with greater concurrent engagement in physical and cognitive activities, which were both associated with better episodic memory and executive functioning. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that time spent with friends may promote both cognitively and physically stimulating activities that could help to preserve not only these social relationships but also cognitive functioning.
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212
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Tat J, Hays B, Teachworth M, Kuo A, Pilz RB, Golomb BA, Boss GR. Assessment of High School Students' Participation in Blood Donation and Registration as an Organ Donor. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2016377. [PMID: 32945872 PMCID: PMC7501534 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.16377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study assesses the association between blood donation and willingness to register as an organ donor among California high school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Tat
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Barton Hays
- San Diego Science Educators Association, San Diego, California
| | | | - Alexander Kuo
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Renate B. Pilz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | | | - Gerry R. Boss
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
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Owen CG, Limb ES, Nightingale CM, Rudnicka AR, Ram B, Shankar A, Cummins S, Lewis D, Clary C, Cooper AR, Page AS, Procter D, Ellaway A, Giles-Corti B, Whincup PH, Cook DG. Active design of built environments for increasing levels of physical activity in adults: the ENABLE London natural experiment study. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.3310/phr08120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Low physical activity is widespread and poses a serious public health challenge both globally and in the UK. The need to increase population levels of physical activity is recognised in current health policy recommendations. There is considerable interest in whether or not the built environment influences health behaviours, particularly physical activity levels, but longitudinal evidence is limited.
Objectives
The effect of moving into East Village (the former London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games Athletes’ Village, repurposed on active design principles) on the levels of physical activity and adiposity, as well as other health-related and well-being outcomes among adults, was examined.
Design
The Examining Neighbourhood Activities in Built Environments in London (ENABLE London) study was a longitudinal cohort study based on a natural experiment.
Setting
East Village, London, UK.
Participants
A cohort of 1278 adults (aged ≥ 16 years) and 219 children seeking to move into social, intermediate and market-rent East Village accommodation were recruited in 2013–15 and followed up after 2 years.
Intervention
The East Village neighbourhood, the former London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games Athletes’ Village, is a purpose-built, mixed-use residential development specifically designed to encourage healthy active living by improving walkability and access to public transport.
Main outcome measure
Change in objectively measured daily steps from baseline to follow-up.
Methods
Change in environmental exposures associated with physical activity was assessed using Geographic Information System-derived measures. Individual objective measures of physical activity using accelerometry, body mass index and bioelectrical impedance (per cent of fat mass) were obtained, as were perceptions of change in crime and quality of the built environment. We examined changes in levels of physical activity and adiposity using multilevel models adjusting for sex, age group, ethnic group, housing sector (fixed effects) and baseline household (random effect), comparing the change in those who moved to East Village (intervention group) with the change in those who did not move to East Village (control group). Effects of housing sector (i.e. social, intermediate/affordable, market-rent) as an effect modifier were also examined. Qualitative work was carried out to provide contextual information about the perceived effects of moving to East Village.
Results
A total of 877 adults (69%) were followed up after 2 years (mean 24 months, range 19–34 months, postponed from 1 year owing to the delayed opening of East Village), of whom 50% had moved to East Village; insufficient numbers of children moved to East Village to be considered further. In adults, moving to East Village was associated with only a small, non-significant, increase in mean daily steps (154 steps, 95% confidence interval –231 to 539 steps), more so in the intermediate sector (433 steps, 95% confidence interval –175 to 1042 steps) than in the social and market-rent sectors (although differences between housing sectors were not statistically significant), despite sizeable improvements in walkability, access to public transport and neighbourhood perceptions of crime and quality of the built environment. There were no appreciable effects on time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity or sedentary time, body mass index or percentage fat mass, either overall or by housing sector. Qualitative findings indicated that, although participants enjoyed their new homes, certain design features might actually serve to reduce levels of activity.
Conclusions
Despite strong evidence of large positive changes in neighbourhood perceptions and walkability, there was only weak evidence that moving to East Village was associated with increased physical activity. There was no evidence of an effect on markers of adiposity. Hence, improving the physical activity environment on its own may not be sufficient to increase population physical activity or other health behaviours.
Funding
This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 8, No. 12. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. This research was also supported by project grants from the Medical Research Council National Prevention Research Initiative (MR/J000345/1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Owen
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth S Limb
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Claire M Nightingale
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Alicja R Rudnicka
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Bina Ram
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Aparna Shankar
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Steven Cummins
- Population Health Innovation Lab, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Daniel Lewis
- Population Health Innovation Lab, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Christelle Clary
- Population Health Innovation Lab, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ashley R Cooper
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Law, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Angie S Page
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Law, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Duncan Procter
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Law, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anne Ellaway
- Medical Research Council and Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Billie Giles-Corti
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Healthy Liveable Communities, Centre for Urban Research, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter H Whincup
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Derek G Cook
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
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214
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Analysis of the Impact of the Confinement Resulting from COVID-19 on the Lifestyle and Psychological Wellbeing of Spanish Pregnant Women: An Internet-Based Cross-Sectional Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165933. [PMID: 32824191 PMCID: PMC7460363 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: This study aimed to analyze the impact of the confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemics on the eating, exercise, and quality-of-life habits of pregnant women. (2) Methods: This was an internet-based cross-sectional survey which collected information about adherence to the Mediterranean diet, physical exercise, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and perceived obstacles (in terms of exercise, preparation for delivery, and medical appointments) of pregnant women before and after the confinement. The survey was conducted in 18–31 May 2020. (3) Results: A total of 90 pregnant women participated in this study. There was a significant decrease in the levels of physical activity (p < 0.01) as well as in HRQoL (p < 0.005). The number of hours spent sitting increased by 50% (p < 0.001), 52.2% were unable to attend delivery preparation sessions because these had been cancelled. However, there were no significant differences in the eating pattern of these women (p = 0.672). Conclusions: These results suggest the need to implement specific online programs to promote exercise and reduce stress, thus improving the HRQoL in this population, should similar confinements need to occur again for any reason in the future.
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215
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An Exploration of Health Behaviors in a Mind-Body Resilience Intervention for Parents of Children with Developmental Disabilities. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2020; 41:480-485. [PMID: 32412991 PMCID: PMC7676456 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parents of children with special needs such as learning and attentional disabilities (LADs) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at high risk for stress-related disorders. The demands of parenting may compete with time for self-care behaviors such as physical activity, healthy eating, and adequate sleep. The objective was to describe health behaviors among this understudied population and assess the changes after a resilience intervention. METHODS This was a secondary data analysis of a randomized controlled pilot virtual mind-body resilience intervention (Stress Management and Resiliency Training: A Relaxation Response Resiliency Program) trial for parents of children with LADs (n = 52) and ASD (n = 47). Parents completed self-report questionnaires about their weekly physical activity, eating behaviors, sleep duration, and fatigue before and after the 8-week intervention. Descriptive statistics and pre-post intervention effect sizes (Cohen's d) were calculated. RESULTS Both parent groups reported suboptimal levels of health behaviors at baseline, but ASD parents reported lower health behaviors than LAD parents. LAD parents improved more on physical activity, with a higher percentage meeting recommendations at postintervention follow-up (d = 0.71) than ASD parents (d = 0.01). Eating behaviors showed small effect size improvements for both groups. Although sleep duration improved only with small or medium effect sizes for both groups, ASD parents rated their fatigue lower after the intervention (d = 0.81). CONCLUSION Parents of children with special needs who participated in a virtual resilience intervention demonstrated suboptimal health behaviors. There is a need for targeted interventions for health behaviors that can promote resilience in these high-stress populations.
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216
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Lubasch JS, Thumann B, Bucksch J, Brackmann LK, Wirsik N, Donnelly A, Hayes G, Nimptsch K, Steinbrecher A, Pischon T, Brug J, Ahrens W, Hebestreit A. School- and Leisure Time Factors Are Associated With Sitting Time of German and Irish Children and Adolescents During School: Results of a DEDIPAC Feasibility Study. Front Sports Act Living 2020; 2:93. [PMID: 33345084 PMCID: PMC7739729 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The study aims to investigate to what extent school- and leisure time-related factors are associated with sedentary behavior during school in German and Irish children and adolescents. Methods: The study based on a sample of 198 children and adolescents surveyed in 2015. Sedentary and activity behavior were measured using the activPAL physical activity monitor. Information on socio-economic status, school- and leisure-time related factors were provided by questionnaires. Associations between school- and leisure time-related factors and sedentary time during school were estimated using linear multi-level models. Results: Access to play equipment in school was associated with reduced sitting time (hours/day) of children (ß = 0.78; 95%CI = 0.06-1.48). Media devices in bedroom and assessing the neighborhood as activity friendly was associated with increased sitting time of children (ß = 0.92; 95%CI = 0.12-1.72 and ß = 0.30; 95%CI = 0.01-0.60, respectively). The permission to use media devices during breaks was associated with increased sitting time (hours/day) of adolescents (ß = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.06-0.69). A less safe traffic surrounding at school was associated with reduced sitting time of adolescents (ß = -0.42; 95% CI = -0.80 to -0.03). Conclusion: Results suggest that school- and leisure time-related factors are associated to the sedentary behavior during school. We suggest that future strategies to reduce sedentary time should consider both contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Sophie Lubasch
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Organizational Health Services Research, Department for Health Services Research, Faculty IV School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Thumann
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jens Bucksch
- Faculty III-Prevention and Health Promotion, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lara Kim Brackmann
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Norman Wirsik
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Alan Donnelly
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Grainne Hayes
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | | | | | - Tobias Pischon
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Brug
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Faculty of Mathematics/Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
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217
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Yu Y, Chen Z, Bu J, Zhang Q. Do Stairs Inhibit Seniors Who Live on Upper Floors From Going Out? HERD-HEALTH ENVIRONMENTS RESEARCH & DESIGN JOURNAL 2020; 13:128-143. [PMID: 32666833 DOI: 10.1177/1937586720936588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Walk-up buildings are common in China today since they were almost the only type of residential buildings constructed from the 1950s to the 1990s. OBJECTIVES This study examined how a vertical mobility obstacle, that is, mandatory stair climbing in walk-up residential buildings, may impact whether seniors go outdoors. METHODS We collected and examined 1,608 valid data records from 64 Chinese senior participants in Shanghai wearing Fitbit HR wristbands that tracked their mobility and physical activity for 31 consecutive days. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regressions were performed on the binary leaving-home-or-not probability by the level of vertical obstacles controlled for physical-demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, outdoor activity habits, and weather. RESULTS Our observations revealed that each floor above ground level reduced the likelihood of outdoor trips by approximately one third per floor. After controlling for the physical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors of the participants as well as weather and holidays, we found that significantly fewer going-out incidents were also associated with more frequent outdoor activities within the community, especially in paved areas, but no associations were observed with self-reported visit frequencies to green spaces, senior centers within the community, or other places outside the community. CONCLUSION This study offered the in situ observation that seniors' probability of leaving their homes is correlated with the degree of vertical circulation as a mobility barrier (i.e., the number of stairs between their living space and access to the outdoors), which may impact policy making for regulations concerning elevators in residential codes and renovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yu
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, 12476Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Landscape Studies, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, 12476Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiatian Bu
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, 12476Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinglai Zhang
- Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, 12476Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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218
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Kim J, Eys M, Robertson-Wilson J. 'If they do it, so can I': a test of a moderated serial mediation model of descriptive norms, self-efficacy, and perceived similarity for predicting physical activity. Psychol Health 2020; 36:701-718. [PMID: 32620058 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2020.1789641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Though engaging in physical activity (PA) is associated with several health benefits, physical inactivity rates remain high. Previous research revealed that descriptive norms (i.e., perceptions of others' PA) positively relate to PA intentions/behaviours. This study tested whether self-efficacy mediated the influence of descriptive norms on PA intentions and behaviours, and whether the relationship between descriptive norms and self-efficacy was moderated by perceived similarity with normative referents. DESIGN Online questionnaires were administered.Measures: Baseline measures included descriptive norms, perceived similarity, self-efficacy, and PA intentions. Weekly PA behaviour frequency was assessed at baseline and two weeks post-baseline. RESULTS Descriptive norms positively predicted PA behaviour frequency at time 2 indirectly via self-efficacy and PA intentions. These indirect effects were attenuated when baseline PA behaviour frequency was accounted for. There was no support for perceived similarity as a moderator, which may be attributed to a potential ceiling effect or the nature of items used to assess this perception. CONCLUSION The findings support the notion that individuals may feel more efficacious when they perceive that others are successfully engaging in the targeted task/activity. Future interventions may consider providing descriptive norm messages to individuals who lack self-efficacy or previous PA experience to promote their PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeemin Kim
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Eys
- Departments of Kinesiology/Physical Education and Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Huang EJ, Onnela JP. Augmented Movelet Method for Activity Classification Using Smartphone Gyroscope and Accelerometer Data. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E3706. [PMID: 32630752 PMCID: PMC7374287 DOI: 10.3390/s20133706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity, such as walking and ascending stairs, is commonly used in biomedical settings as an outcome or covariate. Researchers have traditionally relied on surveys to quantify activity levels of subjects in both research and clinical settings, but surveys are subjective in nature and have known limitations, such as recall bias. Smartphones provide an opportunity for unobtrusive objective measurement of physical activity in naturalistic settings, but their data tends to be noisy and needs to be analyzed with care. We explored the potential of smartphone accelerometer and gyroscope data to distinguish between walking, sitting, standing, ascending stairs, and descending stairs. We conducted a study in which four participants followed a study protocol and performed a sequence of activities with one phone in their front pocket and another phone in their back pocket. The subjects were filmed throughout, and the obtained footage was annotated to establish moment-by-moment ground truth activity. We introduce a modified version of the so-called movelet method to classify activity type and to quantify the uncertainty present in that classification. Our results demonstrate the promise of smartphones for activity recognition in naturalistic settings, but they also highlight challenges in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J. Huang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27106, USA
| | - Jukka-Pekka Onnela
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
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220
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Measuring objective and subjective well-being: dimensions and data sources. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DATA SCIENCE AND ANALYTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41060-020-00224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWell-being is an important value for people’s lives, and it could be considered as an index of societal progress. Researchers have suggested two main approaches for the overall measurement of well-being, the objective and the subjective well-being. Both approaches, as well as their relevant dimensions, have been traditionally captured with surveys. During the last decades, new data sources have been suggested as an alternative or complement to traditional data. This paper aims to present the theoretical background of well-being, by distinguishing between objective and subjective approaches, their relevant dimensions, the new data sources used for their measurement and relevant studies. We also intend to shed light on still barely unexplored dimensions and data sources that could potentially contribute as a key for public policing and social development.
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221
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Katapally TR, Chu LM. Digital epidemiological and citizen science methodology to capture prospective physical activity in free-living conditions: a SMART Platform study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036787. [PMID: 32595163 PMCID: PMC7322321 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to develop a replicable methodology of mobile ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) to capture prospective physical activity (PA) within free-living social and physical contexts by leveraging citizen-owned smartphones running on both Android and iOS systems. DESIGN Data were obtained from the cross-sectional pilots of the SMART Platform, a citizen science and mobile health initiative. SETTING The cities of Regina and Saskatoon, Canada. PARTICIPANTS 538 citizen scientists (≥18 years) provided PA data during eight consecutive days using a custom-built smartphone application, and after applying a rigid inclusion criteria, 89 were included in the final analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES EMAs enabled reporting of light, moderate, and vigorous PA, as well as physical and social contexts of PA. Retrospective PA was reported using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). For both measures, PA intensities were categorised into mean minutes of light and moderate-to-vigorous PA per day. Wilcoxon signed ranks tests and Spearman correlation procedures were conducted to compare PA intensities reported via EMAs and IPAQ. RESULTS Using EMAs, citizen scientists reported 140.91, 87.16 and 70.38 mean min/day of overall, light and moderate-to-vigorous PA, respectively, whereas using IPAQ they reported 194.39, 116.99 and 98.42 mean min/day of overall, light and moderate-to-vigorous PA, respectively. Overall (ρ=0.414, p<0.001), light (ρ=0.261, p=0.012) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (ρ=0.316, p=0.009) were fairly correlated between EMA and IPAQ. In comparison with EMAs, using IPAQ, citizen scientists reported significantly greater overall PA in active transportation (p=0.002) and recreation, sport and leisure-time domains (p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS This digital epidemiological and citizen science methodology adapted mobile EMAs to capture not only prospective PA, but also important physical and social contexts within which individuals accumulate PA. Ubiquitous tools can be leveraged via citizen science to capture accurate active living patterns of large populations in free-living conditions through innovative EMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Reddy Katapally
- Johnson Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Luan Manh Chu
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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222
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Lehne G, Bolte G. Socioeconomic status and change in sports activity among middle-aged and older men and women: evidence from the German Ageing Survey. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020; 41:689-699. [PMID: 30346565 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdy188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sports activity (SA) behavior is unequally distributed across socioeconomic status (SES) groups. However, little is known about the impact of SES on change in SA over time. METHODS Based on data from the German Ageing Survey, we examined the role of objective (education, occupational prestige, household equivalent income, composite SES-index) and subjective (self-rated standard of living) SES indicators on negative and positive changes in SA during a follow-up of 6 years among adults aged 40+ years using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Among active individuals at baseline, 32.1% of males and 24.8% of females experienced a negative change in SA. Among inactive individuals, 25.8 and 29.9% experienced a positive change. In the multivariate analysis, males and females with low SES were about twice as likely to experience a negative change and half as likely to experience a positive change. These patterns were observed regardless which SES indicator was examined. CONCLUSIONS This study provides comprehensive evidence for socioeconomic inequalities in negative and positive changes in SA behavior among middle-aged and older adults in Germany. To reduce socioeconomic inequalities, future SA interventions should address the mechanisms leading to differential probabilities of change in SA behavior by SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Lehne
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.,University of Bremen, Health Sciences Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Bolte
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.,University of Bremen, Health Sciences Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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223
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Gropper H, John JM, Sudeck G, Thiel A. The impact of life events and transitions on physical activity: A scoping review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234794. [PMID: 32569282 PMCID: PMC7307727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is a fluctuating behavior and prone to change across the life course. Changes in PA may be particularly due to the experience of life events and transitions. For well-timed and successful PA interventions, it is important to understand when and why individuals take up or terminate PA. OBJECTIVES This scoping review aims to examine the extent, range, and nature of research on the impact of life events and transitions on PA and to summarize key findings. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. Articles were included if they had been published in peer-reviewed journals between 1998 and 2020 and assessed the impact of at least one life event or transition on PA. RESULTS 107 studies that assessed 72 distinct life events and transitions were included and summarized in ten categories. Events and transitions that are primarily associated with decreases in PA were starting cohabitation, getting married, pregnancy, evolving parenthood, and the transitions from kindergarten to primary school, from primary to secondary school, and from high school to college or into the labor market. Retirement was associated with increases in PA; yet, long-term trajectories across retirement indicated a subsequent drop in activity levels. Divorce was associated with no changes in PA. No trends could be identified for changing work conditions, quitting or losing a job, starting a new relationship, widowhood, moving, and diagnosis of illness. CONCLUSION Life events and transitions can be conceptualized as natural interventions that occur across the life course and that are oftentimes associated with changes in PA behavior. Our study indicates that, despite some emerging trends, similar events do not necessarily have similar impacts on PA across individuals. It also shows that the research landscape is characterized by a lack of conceptual clarity and by disparate methodologies, making it difficult to synthesize results across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Gropper
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jannika M. John
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gorden Sudeck
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ansgar Thiel
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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224
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Sternfeld B, Gabriel KP, Jiang SF, Whitaker KM, Jacobs DR, Quesenberry CP, Carnethon M, Sidney S. Risk Estimates for Diabetes and Hypertension with Different Physical Activity Methods. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 51:2498-2505. [PMID: 31274682 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate risks of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) and stage 2 and greater hypertension associated with self-reported and accelerometer-determined moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) separately and adjusted for each other. METHODS The sample included 2291 black and white men and women, ages 38-50 yr, in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) fitness study, conducted during the year 20 core CARDIA examination. Accelerometer-determined (Actigraph, LLC. model 7164) MVPA (MVPA-Acc), assessed at year 20, was defined as minutes per day of counts ≥2020 min. Self-reported MVPA (MVPA-SR) was assessed at year 20 using the CARDIA Physical Activity History. Incident T2D was ascertained at years 25 and 30 from fasting glucose, 2 h glucose tolerance test, HbA1c, or diabetes medication; incident hypertension was ascertained at those same times from measured blood pressure or use of antihypertensive medications. Modified Poisson regression models estimated relative risk (RR) of incident (years 25 and 30) T2D or hypertension, associated with middle and high tertiles of year 20 MVPA-Acc alone, year 20 MVPA-SR alone, and both, adjusted for each other, relative to bottom tertile. RESULTS In men, MVPA-Acc, but not MVPA-SR, was associated with a 37% to 67% decreased risk of incident T2D in a dose-response relation that persisted with adjustment for BMI, Similar associations were observed in women, although the risk reduction was similar in the second and third tertiles, relative to the bottom tertile. In both men and women, MVPA-Acc was marginally associated with reduced risk of incident stage 2 and greater hypertension, but only after adjustment for BMI, whereas MVPA-SR was not associated in either sex. CONCLUSIONS Accelerometer-determined MVPA may provide more consistent risk estimates for incident diabetes than self-reported MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health in Austin, Austin, TX.,Department of Women's Health, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, TX
| | | | - Kara M Whitaker
- Department of Health and Human Physiology and Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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225
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Sheehan CM, Li L. Associations of Exercise Types with All-Cause Mortality among U.S. Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:2554-2562. [PMID: 32520868 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exercising benefits physical and mental health as well as longevity. However, the extent to which different types of exercise are differentially associated with the risk of mortality is less clear. This study examined whether 15 different types of exercise were uniquely associated with all-cause mortality in a nationally representative sample of noninstitutionalized American adults between 18 and 84 yr old. METHODS A total of 26,727 American adults in the National Health Interview Survey who reported their exercise type(s) in 1998 were prospectively followed for all-cause mortality through the end of 2015. We applied a series of discrete time logistic models to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause mortality. RESULTS During 17 yr of follow-up, 4955 deaths occurred. After adjusting for total volume of other exercises and confounders (demographic factors, socioeconomic status, and health behaviors and status), walking, aerobics, stretching, weight lifting, and stair climbing were related to lower risks of mortality (OR ranged from 0.78 to 0.93). When adjusting for engagement in all exercise types and confounders, stretching (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.83-0.97) and playing volleyball (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.31-0.93) were uniquely associated with lower risks of mortality. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that some types of exercise have unique benefits for longevity, but most are indistinguishable in relation to longevity. Future studies should further investigate the unique contribution of specific exercises and the joint contribution of multiple exercises and how to promote greater exercise participation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Longfeng Li
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
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226
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Siltanen S, Portegijs E, Pynnönen K, Hassandra M, Rantalainen T, Karavirta L, Saajanaho MJ, Rantanen T. Effects of an Individualized Active Aging Counseling Intervention on Mobility and Physical Activity: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Aging Health 2020; 32:1316-1324. [PMID: 32520654 PMCID: PMC8688971 DOI: 10.1177/0898264320924258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to report preplanned secondary analyses of the effects of a 12-month individualized active aging counseling intervention on six mobility and physical activity outcomes. Methods: A two-arm, single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted among 75- and 80-year-old community-dwelling people. The intervention group (IG, n = 101) received counseling aimed at increasing self-selected, primarily out-of-home activity. The control group (CG, n = 103) received general health information. Data were analyzed with generalized estimating equations. Results: Physical performance improved in the IG more than that in the CG (group by time p = .022), self-reported physical activity increased in both groups (time p = .012), and autonomy in outdoor mobility declined in the IG and was enhanced in the CG (group by time p = .011). No change was observed for life-space mobility, proportion of persons perceiving difficulty walking 2 km, or monitored physical activity. Discussion: Individualized counseling aiming at increasing self-selected out-of-home activity had nonsystematic effects on mobility and positively affected physical performance only.
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227
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Mao P, Jiang S, Guo J, Long Q, Zhang H, Chen JL. Do obesity and low levels of physical activity increase the risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus among women with prior gestational diabetes in rural China? Res Nurs Health 2020; 43:387-395. [PMID: 32515856 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and obesity play important roles in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Yet, how MVPA affects the risk of developing T2DM among women with prior GDM across the different categories of obesity indicators is unclear. This study aimed to describe the levels of postpartum abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT), obesity indicators (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]), and MVPA and to explore the independent effect and joint effect of MVPA and obesity indicators (BMI and WC) on the risk for developing AGT among women with prior GDM in rural China. A total of 425 women with prior GDM were recruited from two county-level hospitals in Western and Eastern Hunan, China. Data were collected with self-reported measurements on sociodemographics and clinical factors as well as postpartum weight-related behaviors (physical activity and dietary intake). The 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, weight, height, and WC were measured on site. Binary logistic regression models and multiplitive interaction models were used to explore the independent and joint associations of BMI and MVPA as well as WC and MVPA on AGT, respectively. One-fifth (20.9%) of the sample women had AGT. The obesity indicators were significantly associated with an increased risk of postpartum AGT, but MVPA was not. In joint effect analyses, larger WC and insufficient MVPA were not significantly associated with increased risk of AGT compared with normal WC and sufficient MVPA (mutually adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46-4.43; p > .05). In joint effect analyses of MVPA and BMI, the mutually adjusted OR for developing AGT in women who were obese and had insufficient MVPA was 4.49 (95% CI, 1.35-14.92; p < .05) compared with normal weight and sufficient MVPA. Adequate weight management and increased MVPA are warranted for Chinese women with prior GDM to prevent T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Mao
- Department of Nursing, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Long
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Honghui Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Chingsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jyu-Lin Chen
- Department of Family Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, California
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228
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Voigt L, Ullrich A, Baumann S, Dörr M, John U, Ulbricht S. Do sociodemographic variables and cardiometabolic risk factors moderate the mere-measurement effect on physical activity and sedentary time? BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:272. [PMID: 32503441 PMCID: PMC7275363 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01551-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Participation in an assessment may change health behavior. This “mere-measurement effect” may be used for prevention purposes. However, little is known about whether individuals’ characteristics moderate the effect. The objective was to explore whether changes of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) after a cardiovascular assessment depend on sociodemographic variables and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods A sample of n = 175 adults aged 40 to 65 received baseline assessment including self-administered PA and ST questionnaires and standardized measurement of blood pressure, waist circumference, and blood parameters. After 5 weeks, participants again reported PA and ST without any prior treatment or intervention. Linear regression models were used to analyze the dependence of five-week changes in PA and ST on baseline sociodemographic and cardiometabolic variables. Results Men increased transport-related PA more than women (b = 9.3 MET-hours/week, P = .031). Men with higher triglycerides increased transport-related PA less than men with lower triglycerides (b = − 5.6 MET-hours/week, P = .043). Men with higher systolic blood pressure reduced ST more than those with lower systolic blood pressure (b = − 35.7 min/week, P = .028). However, this linear association ceased to exist at a level of approximately 145 mmHg (b of squared association = 1.0, P = .080). A similar relationship was found for glycated hemoglobin and ST. Conclusions The findings suggest that sex and cardiometabolic risk factors moderate mere-measurement effects on PA and ST. Researchers and practitioners using mere measurement for prevention purposes may address PA and ST according to these individual characteristics. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT02990039. Registered 7 December 2016. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Voigt
- Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Social Medicine and Prevention, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, 17475, Greifswald, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Antje Ullrich
- Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Social Medicine and Prevention, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sophie Baumann
- Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Social Medicine and Prevention, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ulrich John
- Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Social Medicine and Prevention, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sabina Ulbricht
- Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Social Medicine and Prevention, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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229
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Di M, Mao C, Yang Z, Ding H, Liu Q, Liu S, Guo H, Jiang K, Tang J. Lack of effects of evidence-based, individualised counselling on medication use in insured patients with mild hypertension in China: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Evid Based Med 2020; 25:102-108. [PMID: 31473598 PMCID: PMC7286038 DOI: 10.1136/bmjebm-2019-111197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether evidence-based, individualised (EBI) counselling regarding hypertension and the treatment would affect medication use in insured patients with mild hypertension in China. METHODS We conducted a parallel-group, randomised controlled trial in two primary care centres in Shenzhen, a metropolitan city in China. Patients with mild primary hypertension, 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) lower than 20% and no history of CVDs were recruited and randomly allocated to two groups. EBI plus general counselling was provided to the intervention group and general counselling alone to the control group. EBI counselling included information on the 10-year CVD risk and treatment benefit in terms of absolute risk reduction estimated for each individual and information on average side effects and costs of antihypertensive drugs. The outcomes included use of antihypertensive drugs and adherence to the treatment at 6-month follow-up, with the former being primary outcome. RESULTS Two hundred and ten patients were recruited, with 103 and 107 allocated to the intervention and control groups, respectively. At baseline, 62.4% of the patients were taking antihypertensive drugs that were all covered by health insurance. At the end of 6-month follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of medication use between the intervention group and the control group (65.0% vs 57.9%; OR=1.35, 95% CI: 0.77 to 2.36). The difference in adherence rate between the two groups was not statistically significant either (43.7% vs 40.2%; OR=1.15, 95% CI 0.67 to 2.00]). The results were robust in sensitivity analyses that used different cutoffs to define the two outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The EBI counselling by health educators other than the caring physicians had little impact on treatment choices and drug-taking behaviours in insured patients with mild primary hypertension in this study. It remains unclear whether EBI counselling would make a difference in uninsured patients, especially when conducted by the caring physicians. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR-TRC-14004169.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Di
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chen Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuyao Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Hong Ding
- Longgang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qu Liu
- Longgang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuiming Liu
- Longgang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongbo Guo
- Central City Community Healthcare Centre, Longgang People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kunhua Jiang
- Ziwei Garden Community Healthcare Centre, Longgang People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinling Tang
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis, Shenzhen Research Institute of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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230
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Gustafson CR, Zeballos E. The effect of presenting relative calorie information on calories ordered. Appetite 2020; 153:104727. [PMID: 32387531 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this research, we tested the effect of a novel method of presenting calorie information-highlighting relative differences in calories among ingredients. We conducted an online hypothetical food choice experiment where 633 participants selected the ingredients for a sandwich from five categories: meat/protein, cheese, spread/dressing, bread, and vegetables. Each participant was randomly assigned to one of four calorie information conditions: 1) a condition in which no information about calories was provided, 2) a condition in which calorie information was provided for each ingredient, 3) a condition in which calorie information was presented relative to the highest calorie item, and 4) a condition in which calorie information was presented relative to the lowest calorie item. Participants in the high- and low-calorie reference conditions ordered between 32 and 36 fewer calories per sandwich than participants in the no-calorie information control condition (p ≤ 0.04). Calories ordered by participants in the per-item calorie condition were not significantly different than the control. Presenting relative calorie or other nutritional information to make health-related trade-offs more salient may guide consumers to make healthier choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Gustafson
- Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 314A Filley Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
| | - Eliana Zeballos
- USDA Economic Research Service, Food Economic Division, Washington, D.C, USA.
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231
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Bechard LE, Beaton D, McGilton KS, Tartaglia MC, Black SE. Physical activity perceptions, experiences, and beliefs of older adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and their care partners. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:1216-1224. [PMID: 32369706 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) participation provides functional and social benefits for persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but PA participation in these populations is low. To support health promotion initiatives for cognitively impaired older adults, this study explored the perceptions, experiences, and beliefs of older adults with cognitive impairment and their caregivers concerning PA. Ten care dyads (community-dwelling adult aged ≥65 years diagnosed with MCI or mild-to-moderate AD and their care partner) participated in semi-structured interviews informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework about their PA perceptions, experiences, and beliefs. Interpretive phenomenological analysis of interview transcripts yielded 4 emergent themes: (1) PA as a meaningful activity, (2) experience versus evidence as motivating, (3) participation is possible despite dementia, and (4) care partners as enablers. Findings from this study address a research gap concerning the PA perceptions, experiences, and beliefs of cognitively impaired older adults and their care partners. Novelty Older adults with MCI/AD want to and are capable of engaging in PA. Care partners are critical supporters of PA participation in MCI/AD. Adapted health promotion strategies could enhance PA in MCI/AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Bechard
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada.,North and East Greater Toronto Area Stroke Network, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3S1, Canada
| | - Dorcas Beaton
- Institute for Work and Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1S5, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON N2L 3S1, Canada
| | - Katherine S McGilton
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada.,Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Maria Carmela Tartaglia
- University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Krembil Neurosciences Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Sandra E Black
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
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232
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Ma JK, West CR, Martin Ginis KA. The Effects of a Patient and Provider Co-Developed, Behavioral Physical Activity Intervention on Physical Activity, Psychosocial Predictors, and Fitness in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Sports Med 2020; 49:1117-1131. [PMID: 31119717 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) interventions in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) have been limited by a shortage of (1) evidence for sufficient increases in unsupervised PA to improve aerobic fitness and (2) stakeholder involvement in intervention design. OBJECTIVES This study examined the effects of a theory-based PA intervention, developed in collaboration with nearly 300 stakeholders, on PA levels, aerobic fitness, and psychosocial predictors of PA among individuals with SCI. METHODS A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted with 28 men and women with chronic SCI (age 45.0 ± 11.5 years, years post-injury 16.4 ± 12.4). Participants randomized to the intervention group (n = 14) received an introductory personal training session followed by eight weekly 15-min PA behavioral coaching sessions per week. PA was assessed using self-report and accelerometers. Aerobic fitness and psychosocial predictors of exercise were evaluated using an incremental exercise test and survey methods, respectively. RESULTS At post-intervention, controlling for baseline, the intervention group showed fivefold greater self-reported moderate to vigorous physical activity [mean difference 247.9 min/day; 95% confidence interval (CI) 92.8-403.1; p = 0.026, d = 1.04], 17% greater accelerometer-measured PA (mean difference 3.9 × 105 vector magnitude counts; 95% CI 1.1 × 104-7.7 × 105; p = 0.014, d = 0.31), and 19% higher peak oxygen uptake (VO2Peak; mean difference 0.23 L/min; 95% CI 0.12-0.33; p < 0.001, d = 0.54) compared with the control group. Mean values of psychosocial predictors of PA were also significantly improved in the intervention group compared with controls. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this co-created behavioral intervention produced the largest effect size to date for change in self-reported PA in an RCT involving people with physical disability. This is also the first RCT in people with SCI to demonstrate that a behavioral intervention can sufficiently increase unsupervised PA to improve aerobic fitness. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03111030, 12 April 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03111030?term=NCT03111030&rank=1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin K Ma
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC, Canada. .,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Blusson Spinal Cord Centre (BSCC), University of British Columbia, 818 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Arthritis Research Canada, 5591 No. 3 Road, Richmond, BC, V6X 2C7, Canada.
| | - Christopher R West
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Blusson Spinal Cord Centre (BSCC), University of British Columbia, 818 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Kathleen A Martin Ginis
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Blusson Spinal Cord Centre (BSCC), University of British Columbia, 818 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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Shaw DJ, Czekóová K, Špiláková B, Salazar M, Řezáč P, Kurečková V, Zámečník P, Brázdil M. A neuroscientific evaluation of driver rehabilitation: Functional neuroimaging demonstrates the effectiveness of empathy induction in altering brain responses during social information processing. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232222. [PMID: 32348338 PMCID: PMC7190157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An alarming number of traffic-related deaths occur each year on European roads alone. Figures reveal that the vast majority of road-traffic accidents are caused by drivers themselves, and so further improvements in road safety require developments in driver training and rehabilitation. This study evaluated a novel approach to driver rehabilitation–specifically, empathy induction as a means of changing attitudes towards risky driving. To assess the effectiveness of this method, the present study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare brain function before and after a short program of empathy induction in 27 drivers whose licenses had been revoked after serious traffic offences (rehabilitated drivers [RDs]). In an extension of our previous research, we first assessed whether neural responses to empathy-eliciting social stimuli changed in these RDs. In order to isolate the neurophysiological effects of empathy induction from any other potential influences, we compared these RDs to a sample of 27 age-, handedness- and driving experience-matched control drivers (CDs) who had no exposure to the program. We then performed dual-fMRI “hyperscanning” to evaluate whether empathy induction changed brain responses during real-world social interactions among drivers; namely, during co-operative and/or competitive exchanges. Our data reveal that RDs exhibited weaker brain responses to socio-emotional stimuli compared with CDs prior to the program, but this difference was reversed after empathy induction. Moreover, we observed differences between pre- and post-program assessments in patterns of brain responses in RDs elicited during competitive social exchanges, which we interpret to reflect a change in their proclivity to react to the perceived wrong-doing of other road users. Together, these findings suggest that empathy induction is an effective form of driver rehabilitation, and the utility of neuroscientific techniques for evaluating and improving rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Shaw
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristína Czekóová
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Beáta Špiláková
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miguel Salazar
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Řezáč
- Transport Research Centre (CDV), Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Petr Zámečník
- Transport Research Centre (CDV), Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Brázdil
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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234
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Dorsman KA, Weiner-Light S, Staffaroni AM, Brown JA, Wolf A, Cobigo Y, Walters S, Kramer JH, Casaletto KB. Get Moving! Increases in Physical Activity Are Associated With Increasing Functional Connectivity Trajectories in Typically Aging Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:104. [PMID: 32410981 PMCID: PMC7198911 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Physical activity closely relates to cognition and brain structure as we age. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this relationship in humans remain less clear. Functional connectivity (FC), measured by task-free functional MRI (tf-fMRI) is a dynamic marker of network activity and may be a sensitive indicator of the brain's response to exercise over time. We aimed to test the longitudinal relationship between physical activity and FC trajectories in functionally normal older adults. Methods: Two hundred and twelve functionally normal, longitudinally-followed older adults completed the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) and tf-fMRI scans at each visit [mean = 1.5 visits (range:1-3)]. We studied FC of the default mode network (DMN), frontal-parietal (FP), subcortical networks (SubCort), and frontal-subcortical inter-network connectivity (FS), given that previous studies implicate these regions in age-related changes. Linear mixed-effects models examined the relationship between within-person changes in PASE and FC (in SD units), covarying for age, sex, education and systemic cardiovascular risk factors (heart rate, BMI and systolic blood pressure). We additionally examined models covarying for DTI fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of tracts underlying networks of interest, as a marker of cerebrovascular disease. Furthermore, we examined the longitudinal relationship between PASE and neuropsychological trajectories. Results: In our first model, within-subject increases in physical activity tracked with increasing SubCort (β = 0.33, p = 0.007) and FS inter-network (β = 0.27, p = 0.03) synchrony, while between-subject parameters did not reach significance (β = -0.042 to -0.07, ps > 0.37). No significant longitudinal associations were observed between PASE and DMN (β = -0.02 p = 0.89) or FP networks (β = 0.15, p = 0.23). Adjusting for markers of cerebrovascular health (FA/MD) did not change estimated effects (SubCort: β = 0.31, p = 0.01, FS inter-network: β = 0.28, p = 0.03). Associations between changes in physical activity and neuropsychological trajectories were small (β = -0.14 to 0.002) and did not reach statistical significance (p-values >0.42). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that changes in exercise over time are specifically associated with frontal-subcortical processes in older adults. This relationship appears to be independent of cardio- or cerebrovascular disease, possibly driven by a more direct neural response to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Dorsman
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Psychology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sophia Weiner-Light
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Adam M Staffaroni
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jesse A Brown
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Amy Wolf
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yann Cobigo
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Samantha Walters
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kaitlin B Casaletto
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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235
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Preis MA, Zellerhoff M, Brockmeyer T. Approach bias modification training to increase physical activity: A pilot randomized controlled trial in healthy volunteers. J Health Psychol 2020; 26:2470-2486. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105320913936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity is associated with better physical and mental health outcomes as well as higher quality of life. This pilot randomized controlled trial examined whether approach bias modification, an economical and easily accessible computerized cognitive training, could increase objectively and subjectively measured physical activity in individuals aiming for more physical activity. Forty healthy volunteers of normal weight were randomly allocated to six sessions of approach bias modification or no treatment. The approach bias modification adopted an implicit learning paradigm that trained participants to show approach behavior in response to visual cues of physical activity. Approach bias modification did not increase objectively and subjectively measured physical activity.
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236
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Huang CL, Yang YK, Chu CL, Lee IH, Yeh TL, Chen PS, Chiu NT. The association between the Lie scale of the Maudsley personality inventory and striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability of healthy Chinese community subjects. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 21:62-5. [PMID: 16137865 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2004] [Accepted: 05/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe present study examined the relationship between the Lie scale scores and striatal D2/D3 receptor availability with respect to the cerebellum in 42 healthy community volunteers in Taiwan using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with [123I]iodo-benzoaminde (IBZM). Even after controlling of age and educational level, subjects' Lie scale scores of the Maudsley personality inventory correlate negatively with D2/D3 receptor availability. Individual with higher Lie scale scores may have higher impulsivity due to lower dopaminergic availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh Liang Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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237
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Bourassa S, Best KL, Racine M, Borisoff J, Leblond J, Routhier F. Use of actigraphy to measure real-world physical activities in manual wheelchair users. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng 2020; 7:2055668320907814. [PMID: 32292592 PMCID: PMC7144670 DOI: 10.1177/2055668320907814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The benefits of physical activity for manual wheelchair users are well-known. The purpose of this study was to validate actigraphy to objectively measure physical activity intensity among manual wheelchair users. Method An experimental design was used. Adult manual wheelchair users wore a GT3X actigraph on their non-dominant arm while completing eight physical activities of low (reading), moderate (propelling -- flat) and high (propelling -- steep ramp) intensity. Heart rate and rating of perceived exertion were collected at the end of each physical activity. Distribution of data were examined and used to determine the type of repeated measures (parametric vs. non-parametric). A categorical principal component analysis was performed to determine the amount of variability explained by actigraphy, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion. Activity count cut-points were estimated using bootstrapping methods. Results Twenty-eight manual wheelchair users completed the study. Actigraphy, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion co-varied as physical activity intensity changed. Activity counts for low-intensity and medium-intensity physical activities were estimated to be 0 to 45 and 45 to 100 activity counts per second, respectively. Activity counts' ranges for high-intensity physical activities were not clear. Conclusion Combining actigraphy and rating of perceived exertion could be an easy and reliable method to measure the intensity of real-world activities. Further research is needed confirm cut-points for physical activity intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bourassa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Institut de réadaptation en déficience physique de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Krista L Best
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Institut de réadaptation en déficience physique de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Maxence Racine
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Jaimie Borisoff
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, Canada.,Rehabilitation Engineering Design Laboratory, British Columbia Institute of Technology, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Jean Leblond
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Institut de réadaptation en déficience physique de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - François Routhier
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Institut de réadaptation en déficience physique de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
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238
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Ying L, Zhu X, Haegele J, Wen Y. Movement in High School: Proportion of Chinese Adolescents Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E2395. [PMID: 32244641 PMCID: PMC7178222 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were (a) to examine the proportions of adolescents in China who partially or fully meet three 24-h movement guidelines on physical activity, screen-time, and sleep duration and (b) to examine whether there were gender differences in the proportion of boys and girls meeting these guidelines. The sample was made up of high school adolescents from an eastern province of China (N = 1338). The participants completed a self-reported survey on demographic variables and weekly health behaviors including physical activity, screen-time, and sleep duration. A frequency analysis was conducted to summarize the number of 24-h movement guidelines met of the total sample and by gender; chi-squared tests were used to examine the gender differences in the proportion of students meeting different guidelines, independently and jointly. A high proportion of adolescents did not meet physical activity (97.2%, 95% CI = 96.2-98.0%), or sleep (92.1%, 95% CI = 90.6-93.5%) guidelines, but met screen-time (93.6%, 95% CI = 92.4-94.7%) guidelines. Overall, only 0.3% (95%CI = 0.1-0.6%) of the sample met all three guidelines, 8.8% (95%CI = 7.5-10.2%) met two, 85.8%% (95%CI = 84.0-87.4%) met one, and 5.1% (95%CI = 4.0-6.4%) met none. There was no statistically significant percentage difference between female and male participants in meeting physical activity, screen-time viewing, or sleep duration guidelines, independently or jointly (p values > 0.05). These figures of participants meeting all three guidelines or physical activity and sleep independently are much lower than many estimates in prior research internationally. Considerations to improve adherence to physical activity and sleep guidelines are critical in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ying
- School of Sport and Physical Education, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, Anhui Prov, China;
| | - Xihe Zhu
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; (X.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Justin Haegele
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; (X.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Yang Wen
- Center of Jiangsu Sports Health Engineering Collaborative Innovation, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu Prov, China
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239
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Moyers SA, Tiemensma J. The association between physical activity, sleep, and quality of life in patients in bio-chemical remission from Cushing's syndrome. Qual Life Res 2020; 29:2089-2100. [PMID: 32221806 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cushing's syndrome can negatively affect patient's quality of life (QoL) after treatment and remission. Exposure to increased cortisol over time can result in visceral obesity, which makes this population vulnerable to cardiovascular risk factors associated with visceral obesity. Sleep disturbances are present in patients in remission from Cushing's syndrome, impacting QoL. Moderate intensity physical activity performed 3 times a week decreases visceral obesity and improves sleep quality, therefore, engaging in physical activity after remission may improve patient's QoL. The current study aims to explore the association between sleep quality, physical activity, and QoL in patients in remission of Cushing's syndrome. METHODS Patients in bio-chemical remission from Cushing's syndrome (N = 147) were recruited through the Cushing's Support and Research Foundation. Quality of life was assessed using the Cushing Quality of Life Questionnaire (CushingQoL), sleep was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and physical activity levels were assessed with the Godin-Sheppard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSLTPAQ). RESULTS Sleep quality was significantly associated with both subscales of the CushingQoL (both p < .001), but physical activity was not significantly associated with either subscale. Sleep was not significantly associated with physical activity engagement in this sample. CONCLUSION Results suggest that patients in remission from Cushing's syndrome experience sleep disturbances that are significantly associated with impaired QoL. Future research should focus on ameliorating the persisting clinical features of Cushing's syndrome that are associated with impaired QoL after bio-chemical remission to improve QoL and expedite complete functional remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susette A Moyers
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Jitske Tiemensma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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240
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Wheatley C, Johansen-Berg H, Dawes H, Davies E. Perceptions of active and inactive prototypes are associated with objective measures of physical activity in adolescents. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2020; 25:1216-1227. [PMID: 32195596 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1738018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of physical activity are known, but the proportion of adolescents meeting daily activity guidelines remains low. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), which assumes reasoned intentions explain actions, is a useful framework for predicting activity, but it leaves variance unexplained. The Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) which builds on the TPB, proposes a reasoned action pathway and a second social reactive pathway in which perceptions of social images, or prototypes, explain actions via behavioural willingness. We explored whether variables in the PWM's social reactive pathway explained variance in an objective measure of daily activity, over and above the reasoned action path. Participants aged 12-13 (n = 205) were invited to complete measures of constructs in the PWM and to wear an accelerometer for the next seven days. Overall, 126 students (65 males) participated. Reasoned intentions, attitudes and subjective norms explained 12.8% of variance in activity. Prototype perceptions and willingness explained an additional 13.1% of variance. Participants' perceived similarity to active prototypes, and unfavourable perceptions of inactive prototypes, significantly predicted activity. There were no significant differences between sexes on psychological variables. These findings highlight the importance of targeting prototype perceptions to encourage physical activity in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Wheatley
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford , Oxford, UK
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford , Oxford, UK
| | - Helen Dawes
- Institute of Nursing and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University , Oxford, UK
| | - Emma Davies
- Department of Psychology, Social Work and Public Health, Oxford Brookes University , Oxford, UK
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241
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Scholes S, Mindell JS. Inequalities in participation and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: a pooled analysis of the cross-sectional health surveys for England 2008, 2012, and 2016. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:361. [PMID: 32192444 PMCID: PMC7082987 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence is unclear on whether inequalities in average levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) reflect differences in participation, differences in the amount of time spent active, or both. Using self-reported data from 24,882 adults (Health Survey for England 2008, 2012, 2016), we examined gender-specific inequalities in these separate aspects for total and domain-specific MVPA. Methods Hurdle models accommodate continuous data with excess zeros and positive skewness. Such models were used to assess differences between income groups in three aspects: (1) the probability of doing any MVPA, (2) the average hours/week spent in MVPA, and (3) the average hours/week spent in MVPA conditional on participation (MVPA-active). Inequalities were summarised on the absolute scale using average marginal effects (AMEs) after confounder adjustment. Results Inequalities were robust to adjustment in each aspect for total MVPA and for sports/exercise. Differences between adults in high-income versus low-income households in sports/exercise MVPA were 2.2 h/week among men (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6, 2.8) and 1.7 h/week among women (95% CI: 1.3, 2.1); differences in sports/exercise MVPA-active were 1.3 h/week (95% CI: 0.4, 2.1) and 1.0 h/week (95% CI: 0.5, 1.6) for men and women, respectively. Heterogeneity in associations was evident for the other domains. For example, adults in high-income versus low-income households were more likely to do any walking (men: 13.0% (95% CI: 10.3, 15.8%); women: 10.2% (95% CI: 7.6, 12.8%)). Among all adults (including those who did no walking), the average hours/week spent walking showed no difference by income. Among those who did any walking, adults in high-income versus low-income households walked on average 1 h/week less (men: − 0.9 h/week (95% CI: − 1.7, − 0.2); women: − 1.0 h/week (95% CI: − 1.7, − 0.2)). Conclusions Participation and the amount of time that adults spend in MVPA typically favours those in high-income households. Monitoring inequalities in MVPA requires assessing different aspects of the distribution within each domain. Reducing inequalities in sports/exercise requires policy actions and interventions to move adults in low-income households from inactivity to activity, and to enable those already active to do more. Measures to promote walking should focus efforts on reducing the sizeable income gap in the propensity to do any walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Scholes
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.
| | - Jennifer S Mindell
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
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242
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Degroote L, DeSmet A, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Van Dyck D, Crombez G. Content validity and methodological considerations in ecological momentary assessment studies on physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:35. [PMID: 32151251 PMCID: PMC7063739 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is a method of collecting real-time data based on repeated measures and observations that take place in participant’s daily environment. EMA has many advantages over more traditional, retrospective questionnaires. However, EMA faces some challenges to reach its full potential. The aims of this systematic review are to (1) investigate whether and how content validity of the items (i.e. the specific questions that are part of a larger EMA questionnaire) used in EMA studies on physical activity and sedentary behaviour was assessed, and (2) provide an overview of important methodological considerations of EMA in measuring physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Methods Thirty papers (twenty unique studies) were systematically reviewed and variables were coded and analysed within the following 4 domains: (1) Content validity, (2) Sampling approach, (3) Data input modalities and (4) Degree of EMA completion. Results Only about half of the studies reported the specific items (n = 12) and the source of the items (n = 11). None of the studies specifically assessed the content validity of the items used. Only a minority (n = 5) of the studies reported any training, and one tested the comprehensibility of the EMA items. A wide variability was found in the design and methodology of the EMA. A minority of the studies (n = 7) reported a rationale for the used prompt frequency, time selection, and monitoring period. Retrospective assessment periods varied from ‘now’ to ‘in the last 3.5 hours’. In some studies there was a possibility to delay (n = 6) or deactivate (n = 10) the prompt, and some provided reminders after the first prompt (n = 9). Conclusions Almost no EMA studies reported the content validation of the items used. We recommend using the COSMIN checklist (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments) to report on the content validity of EMA items. Furthermore, as often no rationale was provided for several methodological decisions, the following three recommendations are made. First, provide a rationale for choosing the sampling modalities. Second, to ensure assessment ‘in the moment’, think carefully about the retrospective assessment period, reminders, and deactivation of the prompt. Third, as high completion rates are important for representativeness of the data and generalizability of the findings, report completion rates. Trial registration This review is registered in PROSPERO, the International prospective register of systematic reviews (registration number: CRD42017077996).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Degroote
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium. .,Department of Clinical-Experimental Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - A DeSmet
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium.,Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - I De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - D Van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - G Crombez
- Department of Clinical-Experimental Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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243
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Responsiveness of Device-Based and Self-Report Measures of Physical Activity to Detect Behavior Change in Men Taking Part in the Football Fans in Training (FFIT) Program. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 3:67-77. [PMID: 32395706 DOI: 10.1123/jmpb.2019-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The capacity of physical activity (PA) measures to detect changes in PA within interventions is crucial. This is the first study to examine the responsiveness of activPAL3™ and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ; Short Form) in detecting PA change during a 12-week group-based, men-only weight management program-Football Fans in Training (FFIT). Participants wore an activPAL3™ and completed the IPAQ pre- and post-program (n = 30). Relationships between change scores were assessed by Spearman's correlations. Mean or median changes in PA were measured using paired samples t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Responsiveness to change was assessed utilizing Standardized Response Mean (SRM). Both device-based and self-report measures demonstrated significant changes pre-post intervention, although these changes were not significantly correlated. The SRM values for changes in activPAL3™ metrics were: 0.54 (MET-mins/day); 0.53 (step counts/day); and 0.44 (MVPA/day), indicating a small to medium responsiveness to change. SRM values for changes in IPAQ scores were: 0.59 (for total PA mins/day); 0.54 (for total MET-mins/day); 0.59 (for walking MET-mins/day); 0.38 (for vigorous MET-mins/day); and 0.38 (for moderate MET-mins/day), revealing a small to medium responsiveness to change. These findings reveal that two commonly used device-based and self-report measures demonstrated responsiveness to changes in PA. While inclusion of both device-based and self-report measures is desirable within interventions it is not always feasible. The results from this study support that self-reported measures can detect PA change within behavioral interventions, although may have a tendency to overestimate changes compared with device-based measures on absolute values, but not standardized response values.
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Muschalik C, Crutzen R, Candel MJJM, Elfeddali I, de Vries H. Implicit attitudes and explicit cognitions jointly predict a reduced red meat intake: a three-wave longitudinal study. Health Psychol Behav Med 2020; 8:73-95. [PMID: 34040863 PMCID: PMC8130713 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2020.1730843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite nutritional benefits, a high consumption of red meat is not without risks as it is linked to the development of certain types of cancer as well as to other non-communicable diseases, such as type II diabetes or cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the production of meat has negative effects on the environment. Therefore, a transition to a less meat-based diet could be beneficial. It is unclear how explicit cognitions towards red meat consumption and implicit attitudes jointly influence intention and consumption. We tested the additive pattern (both types of cognitions explain unique variance) and interactive pattern (both types interact in the prediction). Method: At baseline (T0; N = 1790) and one (T1; n = 980) and three months thereafter (T2; n = 556), explicit cognitions, red meat consumption, and implicit attitudes were assessed among a Dutch sample. Results: Only explicit cognitions were associated with red meat consumption. Implicit attitudes moderated the effect of self-efficacy on T0-RMC; negative implicit attitudes strengthened this effect. T0-intention was associated with explicit cognitions and implicit attitudes. Additionally, negative implicit attitudes strengthened the effect of social norms on T0 and T2-intention. Regarding red meat consumption, support for the interactive pattern was found. For intention there was support for the interactive and additive pattern. Conclusion: Interventions aiming to reduce red meat consumption in the general public might profit from changing implicit attitudes in addition to explicit cognitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Muschalik
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Rik Crutzen
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Math J J M Candel
- Department of Methodology and Statistics, Care and Pubic Health Research Institute (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Iman Elfeddali
- GGz Breburg, Academic Department of Specialized Mental Health Care, Tilburg, Netherlands.,Tilburg University, Tranzo - Scientific Center for Care and Welfare, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Hein de Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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245
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[Physical activity in the German National Cohort (NAKO): use of multiple assessment tools and initial results]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2020; 63:301-311. [PMID: 32055903 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-020-03099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is a complex behavior that is difficult to measure validly and reliably in large, population-based studies. Data on physical activity are available for the initial 100,000 participants of the German National Cohort. OBJECTIVES To describe the baseline physical activity assessment in the cohort and to present initial descriptive results. MATERIAL AND METHODS Physical activity was assessed using a combination of tools, including two self-administered questionnaires, the Questionnaire on Annual Physical Activity Pattern (QUAP) and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ); a computer-based 24‑h physical activity recall (cpar24); and 7‑day accelerometry (Actigraph GT3X/+; ActiGraph, Pensacola, FL, USA). RESULTS The availability of data varied between assessment instruments (QUAP: n = 16,372; GPAQ: n = 90,900; cpar24: n = 23,989; accelerometry: n = 35,218). Analyses across measurement tools showed that on average, women spent 75 to 216 min/d, and men spent 73 to 224 min/d in moderate or higher intensity total physical activity. Persons aged 20-39 years spent 66 to 200 min/d, and persons aged 40-69 years spent 78 to 244 min/d in moderate or higher intensity total physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Initial baseline analyses of physical activity in this cohort show the value of using a combination of questionnaires, 24‑h recalls, and a movement sensor. The comprehensive data collection represents a valuable resource for future analyses and will improve our understanding of the association between physical activity and disease prevention.
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246
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Rudolf K, Lammer F, Stassen G, Froböse I, Schaller A. Show cards of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) - do they impact validity? A crossover study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:223. [PMID: 32050940 PMCID: PMC7017628 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) is applied internationally as a tool to assess the level of physical activity. The GPAQ was designed as an interview, including the use of show cards, which visualise activities of moderate and intensive physical activity and support the distinction between these intensities. The self-administered version of the GPAQ is used in the application-oriented research for reasons of economy and practicality. However, the use of show cards often remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine differences in validity between two self-administered versions of the GPAQ with and without show cards. Methods In this crossover study, two groups (n = 54; 57.4% female; 28.3 ± 12.2 years) received the GPAQ with or without show cards after 7 days and the respective other version after additional 7 days. For validation, all participants wore an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+) on all 14 days. Differences between GPAQ versions and accelerometer data were compared by Wilcoxon signed rank test. Additionally, Spearman analyses and Bland-Altman plots were calculated. Results No statistically significant difference between the GPAQ versions could be found in regard to the accuracy of physical activity assessment (p > 0.05). Both GPAQ versions show similar correlation coefficients for vigorous physical activity (rho = 0.31–0.42) and sedentary behaviour (rho = 0.29–0.32). No statistically significant correlation was found for physical activity of moderate intensity. The Bland-Altman plots support these results, as both GPAQ versions have the same trends in terms of overestimation and underestimation of physical activity. Conclusion The use of show cards had no significant impact on questionnaire validity. Therefore, both GPAQ versions can be applied interchangeably. Nevertheless the exact description of application of the GPAQ is desirable in terms of reproducibility and transparent scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Rudolf
- Institute of Movement Therapy and movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Florian Lammer
- Institute of Movement Therapy and movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerrit Stassen
- Institute of Movement Therapy and movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany.,Working group physical activity-related prevention research, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ingo Froböse
- Institute of Movement Therapy and movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Health and Physical Activity, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Schaller
- Institute of Movement Therapy and movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany.,Working group physical activity-related prevention research, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany.,IST-University of Applied Sciences, Erkrather Straße 220 a-c, 40233, Düsseldorf, Germany
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247
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Bakker EA, Hopman MTE, Lee DC, Verbeek ALM, Thijssen DHJ, Eijsvogels TMH. Correlates of Total and domain-specific Sedentary behavior: a cross-sectional study in Dutch adults. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:220. [PMID: 32050958 PMCID: PMC7017477 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sedentary behavior (SB) is associated with increased risks of detrimental health outcomes. Few studies have explored correlates of SB in physically active individuals. Furthermore, SB correlates may depend on settings of SB, such as occupation, transportation and leisure time sitting. This study aims to identify subject-, lifestyle- and health-related correlates for total SB and different SB domains: transportation, occupation, and leisure time. Methods Dutch participants were recruited between June, 2015 and December, 2016. Participant characteristics (i.e. age, sex, weight, height, marital status, education level, employment), lifestyle (sleep, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity) and medical history were collected via an online questionnaire. SB was assessed using the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire and estimated for 9 different activities during weekdays and weekend days. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between correlates and SB. Total SB was dichotomized at > 8 h/day and > 10 h/day, and being sedentary during transportation, occupation and leisure time at the 75th percentile (60 min/day, 275 min/day and 410 min/day, respectively). Results In total, 8471 participants (median age 55, 55% men) were included of whom 86% met the physical activity guidelines. Median SB was 9.1 h/day (Q25 6.3-Q75 12.0) during weekdays and 7.4 h/day (Q25 5.5-Q75 9.5) during weekend days. SB was most prevalent during leisure time (5.3 h/day; Q25 3.9-Q75 6.8), followed by occupation (2 h/day; Q25 0.1-Q75 4.6) and transportation (0.5 h/day; Q25 0.2-Q75 1.0). Younger age, male sex, being unmarried, higher education, employment and higher BMI were significantly related to higher levels of total SB. Younger age, male sex, employment, and higher BMI increased the odds for high SB volumes during occupation and transportation. Higher education, being unmarried and smoking status were positively associated with high volumes of occupational SB only, whereas older age, being unmarried, unemployment, higher BMI and poor health were positively linked to leisure time SB. Conclusions SB is highly prevalent in physically active individuals, with SB during leisure time as the most important contributor. Correlates for high volumes of SB vary substantially across SB domains, emphasizing the difficulty to target this unhealthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmée A Bakker
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Research Institute for Sports and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Maria T E Hopman
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Duck-Chul Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, USA
| | - André L M Verbeek
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dick H J Thijssen
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Research Institute for Sports and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Thijs M H Eijsvogels
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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248
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Limb ES, Procter DS, Cooper AR, Page AS, Nightingale CM, Ram B, Shankar A, Clary C, Lewis D, Cummins S, Ellaway A, Giles-Corti B, Whincup PH, Rudnicka AR, Cook DG, Owen CG. The effect of moving to East Village, the former London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games Athletes' Village, on mode of travel (ENABLE London study, a natural experiment). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:15. [PMID: 32041612 PMCID: PMC7011441 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-0916-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventions to encourage active modes of travel (walking, cycling) may improve physical activity levels, but longitudinal evidence is limited and major change in the built environment / travel infrastructure may be needed. East Village (the former London 2012 Olympic Games Athletes Village) has been repurposed on active design principles with improved walkability, open space and public transport and restrictions on residential car parking. We examined the effect of moving to East Village on adult travel patterns. METHODS One thousand two hundred seventy-eight adults (16+ years) seeking to move into social, intermediate, and market-rent East Village accommodation were recruited in 2013-2015, and followed up after 2 years. Individual objective measures of physical activity using accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+) and geographic location using GPS travel recorders (QStarz) were time-matched and a validated algorithm assigned four travel modes (walking, cycling, motorised vehicle, train). We examined change in time spent in different travel modes, using multilevel linear regresssion models adjusting for sex, age group, ethnicity, housing group (fixed effects) and household (random effect), comparing those who had moved to East Village at follow-up with those who did not. RESULTS Of 877 adults (69%) followed-up, 578 (66%) provided valid accelerometry and GPS data for at least 1 day (≥540 min) at both time points; half had moved to East Village. Despite no overall effects on physical activity levels, sizeable improvements in walkability and access to public transport in East Village resulted in decreased daily vehicle travel (8.3 mins, 95%CI 2.5,14.0), particularly in the intermediate housing group (9.6 mins, 95%CI 2.2,16.9), and increased underground travel (3.9 mins, 95%CI 1.2,6.5), more so in the market-rent group (11.5 mins, 95%CI 4.4,18.6). However, there were no effects on time spent walking or cycling. CONCLUSION Designing walkable neighbourhoods near high quality public transport and restrictions on car usage, may offer a community-wide strategy shift to sustainable transport modes by increasing public transport use, and reducing motor vehicle travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Limb
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
| | - Duncan S Procter
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ashley R Cooper
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Angie S Page
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Claire M Nightingale
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Bina Ram
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Aparna Shankar
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Christelle Clary
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Daniel Lewis
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Steven Cummins
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Anne Ellaway
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Billie Giles-Corti
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Healthy Liveable Communities, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter H Whincup
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Alicja R Rudnicka
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Derek G Cook
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Christopher G Owen
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
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Edney SM, Olds TS, Ryan JC, Vandelanotte C, Plotnikoff RC, Curtis RG, Maher CA. A Social Networking and Gamified App to Increase Physical Activity: Cluster RCT. Am J Prev Med 2020; 58:e51-e62. [PMID: 31959326 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Appealing approaches to increasing physical activity levels are needed. This study evaluated whether a social and gamified smartphone app (Active Team) could be one such approach. STUDY DESIGN A 3-group cluster RCT compared the efficacy of Active Team with a basic self-monitoring app and waitlist control group. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Australian adults (N=444, mean age of 41 years, 74% female) were recruited in teams (n=121) and randomly assigned (1:1:1) to the Active Team (n=141, 39 teams), self-monitoring app (n=160, 42 teams), or waitlist group (n=143, 40 teams). Data were collected in 2016-2017, and analysis was conducted in 2018-2019. INTERVENTION Active Team is a 100-day app-based, gamified, online social networking physical activity intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was change in objective physical activity from baseline to 3-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included objective physical activity at 9 months and self-reported physical activity, quality of life, depression, anxiety and stress, well-being, and engagement. RESULTS Mixed models indicated no significant differences in objective physical activity between groups at 3 (F=0.17, p=0.84; Cohen's d=0.03, 95% CI= -0.21, 0.26) or 9 months (F=0.23, p=0.92; d=0.06, 95% CI= -0.17, 0.29) and no significant differences for secondary outcomes of quality of life, depression, anxiety and stress, or well-being. Self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was significantly higher in the Active Team group at the 9-month follow-up (F=3.05, p=0.02; d=0.50, 95% CI=0.26, 0.73). Engagement was high; the Active Team group logged steps on an average of 72 (SD=35) days and used the social and gamified features an average of 89 (SD=118) times. CONCLUSIONS A gamified, online social networking physical activity intervention did not change objective moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, though it did increase self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and achieve high levels of engagement. Future work is needed to understand if gamification, online social networks, and app-based approaches can be leveraged to achieve positive behavior change. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered at Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (protocol: ANZCTR12617000113358).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Edney
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Tim S Olds
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jillian C Ryan
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Institute for Health and Social Science Research, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ronald C Plotnikoff
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachel G Curtis
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Carol A Maher
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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250
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Braekman E, Charafeddine R, Demarest S, Drieskens S, Berete F, Gisle L, Van der Heyden J, Van Hal G. Comparing web-based versus face-to-face and paper-and-pencil questionnaire data collected through two Belgian health surveys. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:5-16. [PMID: 31993674 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-019-01327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Using the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) questionnaire, a web-based survey was organized alongside a face-to-face (F2F) survey including a paper-and-pencil (P&P) questionnaire for sensitive topics. Associated with these different modes, other design features varied too (e.g., recruitment, incentives, sampling). We assessed whether these whole data collection systems developed around the modes produced equivalent health estimates. METHODS Data were obtained from two population-based surveys: the EHISWEB (web-administered, n = 1010) and the Belgian Health Interview Survey 2018 (BHIS2018) (interviewer-administered, n = 2748). Logistic regression analyses were used to assess mode system differences while adjusting for socio-demographic differences in the net samples. RESULTS For the P&P mode of the BHIS, significant mode system differences were detected for 2 of the 9 health indicators. Among the indicators collected via the F2F mode, 9 of the 18 indicators showed significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Indicators collected via the web-based and P&P self-administered modes were generally more comparable than indicators collected via the web-based and F2F mode. Furthermore, fewer differences were detected for indicators based on simple and factual questions compared to indicators based on subjective or complex questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Braekman
- Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
- Unit of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Rana Charafeddine
- Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefaan Demarest
- Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sabine Drieskens
- Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Finaba Berete
- Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lydia Gisle
- Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johan Van der Heyden
- Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guido Van Hal
- Unit of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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