201
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Dieny FF, Rose S, Nuryanto N, Arif Tsani AF. The Correlation between Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) and Second to Fourth Digit Ratio (2D:4D) with an Increase in Metabolic Syndrome Scores in Obese Adolescent Girls. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/7872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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202
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Alshamiri MQ, Mohd A Habbab F, AL-Qahtani SS, Alghalayini KA, Al-Qattan OM, El-shaer F. Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) in Predicting Coronary Artery Disease Compared to Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in a Single Center from Saudi Arabia. Cardiol Res Pract 2020; 2020:4250793. [PMID: 32257425 PMCID: PMC7102403 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4250793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to study the efficiency of the Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) for determining coronary artery disease. It compares the frequency of abnormal WHtR, as a proxy for abdominal obesity, to that of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). It also relates the findings to other cardiometabolic risk factors in University Hospital patients. A cross-sectional study design was used, where a sample of 200 patients (142 males and 58 females) who attended the adult cardiac clinic were purposively included. BMI, WC, and WHtR were measured, where frequencies of WHtR were compared to those of BMI and WC. The findings were related to the history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and history of cardiometabolic risk factors, including diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and hyperlipidemia. Majority of the male patients were older, taller, and had a lower BMI value. It also showed that the prevalence of dyslipidemia and CAD was higher in male patients. No significant difference between both genders was noticed for weight, WC, WHtR, hypertension, or DM. BMI was least associated with high-risk cardiac population in both males and females (39.4% and 60.3%), followed by WC (84.5% and 96.6%, respectively). WHtR showed the highest association with gender (male 98.6% and females 98.3%). These findings were noticed in patients with all risk factors. WHtR is superior to BMI and WC for determining the elevated risk of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and CAD in a single university institute. The role of WHtR in both normal and diseased Saudi population should be delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fayez El-shaer
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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203
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Lechner K, von Schacky C, McKenzie AL, Worm N, Nixdorff U, Lechner B, Kränkel N, Halle M, Krauss RM, Scherr J. Lifestyle factors and high-risk atherosclerosis: Pathways and mechanisms beyond traditional risk factors. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 27:394-406. [PMID: 31408370 PMCID: PMC7065445 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319869400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite major efforts to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) burden with conventional risk factor control, significant residual risk remains. Recent evidence on non-traditional determinants of cardiometabolic health has advanced our understanding of lifestyle-disease interactions. Chronic exposure to environmental stressors like poor diet quality, sedentarism, ambient air pollution and noise, sleep deprivation and psychosocial stress affect numerous traditional and non-traditional intermediary pathways related to ASCVD. These include body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and functionality and the intestinal microbiome, which are increasingly recognized as major determinants of cardiovascular health. Evidence points to partially overlapping mechanisms, including effects on inflammatory and nutrient sensing pathways, endocrine signalling, autonomic function and autophagy. Of particular relevance is the potential of low-risk lifestyle factors to impact on plaque vulnerability through altered adipose tissue and skeletal muscle phenotype and secretome. Collectively, low-risk lifestyle factors cause a set of phenotypic adaptations shifting tissue cross-talk from a proinflammatory milieu conducive for high-risk atherosclerosis to an anti-atherogenic milieu. The ketone body ß-hydroxybutyrate, through inhibition of the NLRP-3 inflammasome, is likely to be an intermediary for many of these observed benefits. Adhering to low-risk lifestyle factors adds to the prognostic value of optimal risk factor management, and benefit occurs even when the impact on conventional risk markers is discouragingly minimal or not present. The aims of this review are (a) to discuss novel lifestyle risk factors and their underlying biochemical principles and (b) to provide new perspectives on potentially more feasible recommendations to improve long-term adherence to low-risk lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Lechner
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Germany
| | - Clemens von Schacky
- Preventive Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Omegametrix, Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Nicolai Worm
- German University for Prevention and Health Care Management, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Uwe Nixdorff
- European Prevention Centre, Medical Centre Düsseldorf (Grand Arc), Germany
| | - Benjamin Lechner
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolle Kränkel
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Kardiologie, Campus Benjamin Steglitz, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Halle
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Scherr
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Germany
- University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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204
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Gallegos D, Do H, To QG, Vo B, Goris J, Alraman H. The effectiveness of living well multicultural-lifestyle management program among ethnic populations in Queensland, Australia. Health Promot J Austr 2020; 32:84-95. [PMID: 32053254 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE Some migrant groups have higher risks of deaths and chronic diseases due to barriers associated with socioeconomic disadvantage, social isolation, racism, language, poor access to health services and low levels of health literacy. However, few culturally tailored interventions have targeted ethnic groups in Australia. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Living Well Multicultural-Lifestyle Management Program (LWM-LMP) in Queensland, Australia. METHODS The LWM-LMP was originally co-designed with the targeted communities. Participants aged ≥18 years were eligible to participate without a fee. The evaluation was a quasi-experimental design without a control group, with data collected at baseline, the end of the programme and after-programme follow-up at week 14. The programme lasted 8 weeks with one group-based session of 120 minutes delivered each week in local community venues. Each session also included time to undertake physical activity (PA). Eating and PA behaviours were self-reported. Weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure were measured using standard protocols. RESULTS Participants were more likely to consume ≥2 servings of fruit/day, five servings of vegetable/day, low-fat milk, processed meat, fast food, hot chips/fries, salty snacks, sweet snacks, sweet beverages less than once per week and meet the PA recommendation of ≥150 minutes/wk (P < .001) at week 8. Weight, BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and blood pressure were also improved at week 8. Many of the changes were sustained at week 14. CONCLUSIONS The LWM-LMP was effective in improving participants' lifestyle behaviours and cardiometabolic indicators. SO WHAT Engaging targeted communities in designing interventions focussed on healthy personal behaviours helps with delivery and implementation. Behavioural interventions should be culturally tailored to increase their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Gallegos
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Children's Health Research, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hong Do
- Chronic Disease Program, Ethnic Communities Council of Queensland, West End, QLD, Australia
| | - Quyen Gia To
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brenda Vo
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Janny Goris
- Preventive Health Branch, Prevention Division, Queensland Department of Health, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Hana Alraman
- Chronic Disease Program, Ethnic Communities Council of Queensland, West End, QLD, Australia.,EACH, National Disability Insurance Scheme Partners in the Community Early Childhood Early Intervention, Ipswich, QLD, Australia
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205
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Gaunaurd I, Gailey R, Springer B, Symsack A, Clemens S, Lucarevic J, Kristal A, Bennett C, Isaacson B, Agrawal V, Applegate B, Pasquina P. The Effectiveness of the DoD/VA Mobile Device Outcomes-Based Rehabilitation Program for High Functioning Service Members and Veterans with Lower Limb Amputation. Mil Med 2020; 185:480-489. [DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usz201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The objective was to determine if the Mobile Device Outcomes-based Rehabilitation Program (MDORP) improved strength, mobility, and gait quality in service members (SMs) and Veterans with lower limb amputation (LLA).
Methods
Seven SMs and 10 Veterans with LLA enrolled and were trained to use a mobile sensor system, called Rehabilitative Lower Limb Orthopedic Analysis Device (ReLOAD). ReLOAD provided participants with real-time assessment of gait deviations, subsequent corrective audio feedback, and exercise prescription for normalizing gait at home and in the community. After baseline testing, prosthetic gait and exercise training, participants took ReLOAD home and completed an 8-week walking and home exercise program. Home visits were conducted every 2 weeks to review gait training and home exercises.
Results
Significant improvements in hip extensor strength, basic and high-level mobility, musculoskeletal endurance, and gait quality (P < 0.05) were found at the completion of the 8-week intervention.
Conclusion
Preliminary MDORP results are promising in its ability to improve basic and high-level mobility, lower limb strength, and gait quality in a group of SMs and Veterans with LLA. In addition, “booster” prosthetic training may be justified in an effort helps maintain an active lifestyle, promotes prosthetic use, and mitigates secondary health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Gaunaurd
- Department of Research, Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 1201 NW 16th Street, Miami, FL 33125
- Department of Physical Therapy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 5901 Ponce De Leon Blvd, 5th Floor, Coral Gables, FL 33146
| | - Robert Gailey
- Department of Physical Therapy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 5901 Ponce De Leon Blvd, 5th Floor, Coral Gables, FL 33146
| | - Barbara Springer
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Allison Symsack
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Sheila Clemens
- Department of Research, Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 1201 NW 16th Street, Miami, FL 33125
- Department of Physical Therapy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 5901 Ponce De Leon Blvd, 5th Floor, Coral Gables, FL 33146
| | - Jennifer Lucarevic
- Department of Research, Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 1201 NW 16th Street, Miami, FL 33125
- Department of Physical Therapy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 5901 Ponce De Leon Blvd, 5th Floor, Coral Gables, FL 33146
| | - Anat Kristal
- Department of Research, Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 1201 NW 16th Street, Miami, FL 33125
- Department of Physical Therapy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 5901 Ponce De Leon Blvd, 5th Floor, Coral Gables, FL 33146
| | - Christopher Bennett
- Department of Research, Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 1201 NW 16th Street, Miami, FL 33125
- Music Engineering Technology Program, University of Miami, 1314 Miller Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146
| | - Brad Isaacson
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814
- The Geneva Foundation, 917 Pacific Ave, #600, Tacoma, WA 98402
| | - Vibhor Agrawal
- Department of Physical Therapy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 5901 Ponce De Leon Blvd, 5th Floor, Coral Gables, FL 33146
| | - Brooks Applegate
- Department of Educational Leadership, Research, and Technology, Western Michigan University, 1903 W Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI 49008
| | - Paul Pasquina
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20814
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814
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206
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Kim SA, Kim J, Jun S, Wie GA, Shin S, Joung H. Association between dietary flavonoid intake and obesity among adults in Korea. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:203-212. [PMID: 31999468 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary flavonoid intake and the prevalence of obesity using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and percent body fat (%BF) according to sex among Korean adults. Based on the Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011, 23 118 adults in Korea were included. Dietary intakes were obtained using 24-h dietary recall data. A higher total intake of flavonoid was associated with a lower prevalence of obesity in women, based on %BF (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.82 [0.71-0.94]), and abdominal obesity (0.81 [0.71-0.92]). The intake of flavonols (0.88 [0.78-0.99]), flavanones (0.81 [0.72-0.92]), flavanols (0.85 [0.74-0.97]), isoflavones (0.85 [0.75-0.96]), and proanthocyanidins (0.81 [0.71-0.92]) was inversely associated with abdominal obesity, and a higher intake of flavanones (0.87 [0.76-0.99]) and proanthocyanidins (0.85 [0.75-0.98]) was associated with a lower prevalence of obesity, with respect to %BF in women. In contrast, the intake of flavonols (1.16 [1.02-1.33]), flavanones (1.18 [1.04-1.35]), and anthocyanidins (1.27 [1.11-1.46]) was positively associated with obesity based on BMI in men. In conclusion, high intake of dietary flavonoids may be associated with a decreased prevalence of abdominal obesity and obesity, based on %BF, among women. Novelty Higher flavonoid intake was associated with decreased prevalence of abdominal obesity and obesity based on %BF in Korean women. However, in men, the intake of flavonols, flavanones, and anthocyanidins was positively associated with obesity as given by BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ah Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea
| | - Jiyoon Kim
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Gyung-Ah Wie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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207
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Alligier M, Barrès R, Blaak EE, Boirie Y, Bouwman J, Brunault P, Campbell K, Clément K, Farooqi IS, Farpour-Lambert NJ, Frühbeck G, Goossens GH, Hager J, Halford JCG, Hauner H, Jacobi D, Julia C, Langin D, Natali A, Neovius M, Oppert JM, Pagotto U, Palmeira AL, Roche H, Rydén M, Scheen AJ, Simon C, Sorensen TIA, Tappy L, Yki-Järvinen H, Ziegler O, Laville M. OBEDIS Core Variables Project: European Expert Guidelines on a Minimal Core Set of Variables to Include in Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trials of Obesity Interventions. Obes Facts 2020; 13:1-28. [PMID: 31945762 PMCID: PMC7098277 DOI: 10.1159/000505342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity of interindividual and intraindividual responses to interventions is often observed in randomized, controlled trials for obesity. To address the global epidemic of obesity and move toward more personalized treatment regimens, the global research community must come together to identify factors that may drive these heterogeneous responses to interventions. This project, called OBEDIS (OBEsity Diverse Interventions Sharing - focusing on dietary and other interventions), provides a set of European guidelines for a minimal set of variables to include in future clinical trials on obesity, regardless of the specific endpoints. Broad adoption of these guidelines will enable researchers to harmonize and merge data from multiple intervention studies, allowing stratification of patients according to precise phenotyping criteria which are measured using standardized methods. In this way, studies across Europe may be pooled for better prediction of individuals' responses to an intervention for obesity - ultimately leading to better patient care and improved obesity outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Alligier
- FCRIN/FORCE Network, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Lyon, France
| | - Romain Barrès
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yves Boirie
- University Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clinical Nutrition Department, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jildau Bouwman
- TNO (Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Microbiology and Systems Biology, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Brunault
- Equipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, CHRU de Tours, and UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, and Qualipsy EE 1901, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Kristina Campbell
- KC Microbiome Communications Group, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karine Clément
- Sorbonne University/INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities, Systemic Approaches Research Unit, and Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Nutrition Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - I Sadaf Farooqi
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie J Farpour-Lambert
- Obesity Prevention and Care Program Contrepoids, Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, Department of Community Health, Primary Care and Emergency, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra & CIBEROBN, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gijs H Goossens
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jorg Hager
- Metabolic Phenotyping, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jason C G Halford
- Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Hans Hauner
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David Jacobi
- L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), Inra, Cnam, Paris 13 University and Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Dominique Langin
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, I2MC, Inserm, Paul Sabatier University, and Department of Medical Biochemistry, Toulouse University Hospitals, Toulouse, France
| | - Andrea Natali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Martin Neovius
- Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean Michel Oppert
- Department of Nutrition, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (AP-HP), Sorbonne University, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Policlinic S. Orsola, Endocrinology Unit, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio L Palmeira
- CIPER, PANO-SR, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helen Roche
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Institute of Food & Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - André J Scheen
- Liège University, Division of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Chantal Simon
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, University of Lyon, Oullins, France
| | - Thorkild I A Sorensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, and Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Luc Tappy
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hannele Yki-Järvinen
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, and Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olivier Ziegler
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Hôpital Brabois Adultes, CHRU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy, France
| | - Martine Laville
- FCRIN/FORCE Network, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France,
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208
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Tee JYH, Gan WY, Lim PY. Comparisons of body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and a body shape index (ABSI) in predicting high blood pressure among Malaysian adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e032874. [PMID: 31932391 PMCID: PMC7044891 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the performance of different anthropometric indices including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and a body shape index to predict high blood pressure (BP) in adolescents using the 90th and 95th percentiles as two different thresholds. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Probability proportionate to size was used to randomly select two schools in Selangor state, Malaysia. PARTICIPANTS A total of 513 adolescents (58.9% women and 41.1% men) aged 12-16 years were recruited. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Weight, height, WC and BP of the adolescents were measured. The predictive power of anthropometric indices was analysed by sex using the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS BMI and WHtR were the indices with higher areas under the curve (AUCs), yet the optimal cut-offs to predict high BP using the 95th percentile were higher than the threshold for overweight/obesity. Most indices showed poor sensitivity under the suggested cut-offs. In contrast, the optimal BMI and WHtR cut-offs to predict high BP using the 90th percentile were lower (men: BMI-for-age=0.79, WHtR=0.46; women: BMI-for-age=0.92, WHtR=0.45). BMI showed the highest AUC in both sexes but had poor sensitivity among women. WHtR presented good sensitivity and specificity in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that WHtR might be a useful indicator for screening high blood pressure risk in the routine primary-level health services for adolescents. Future studies are warranted to involve a larger sample size to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Ying Hui Tee
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Ying Gan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Poh Ying Lim
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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209
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Janakiraman B, Abebe SM, Chala MB, Demissie SF. Epidemiology of General, Central Obesity and Associated Cardio-Metabolic Risks Among University Employees, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:343-353. [PMID: 32104031 PMCID: PMC7024788 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s235981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that middle and low-income countries such as Ethiopia are facing the growing epidemic of both communicable and non-communicable diseases creating a burden on their economy and healthcare system. The increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases is attributed to sedentarism, lifestyle changes, nutritional transition, and the presence of other cardiometabolic risk factors. Therefore this study was designed to assess the prevalence and association of overweight, obesity, and cardio-metabolic risks and to explore if there was any agreement among the anthropometric measurements among the academic employees of the University of Gondar, Ethiopia. METHODS An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted using the WHO stepwise approach and recommendations on 381 academic staff of the university. In addition, physical measurements such as weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, and biochemical measures such as blood pressure and fasting blood glucose level (peripheral blood samples by finger puncture) were measured using standardized tools. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 33.5 (95% CI: 32.7, 34.2) years. The prevalence of obesity among the study participants calculated by body mass index, waist circumference (WC), waist-height ratio (WHtR), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) was 13.1%, 33.6%, 51.9%, and 58.5% respectively. The prevalence of diabetes was 4.7% among which 1.3% was not diagnosed prior to this study. About 53 (13.9%) of the study sample were found to be hypertensive (HTN) (6.3% known versus 29 7.6% newly diagnosed). Among the participants, 39.4% and 23.4% were found to be pre-hypertensive and pre-diabetic respectively. WC was significantly associated with hypertension (AOR = 5.14; 2.503, 9.72), pre-DM (AOR = 4.03; 2.974, 5.96), DM (AOR = 3.29; 1.099, 6.01). In addition, WHtR was significantly associated with Pre-HTN (AOR = 2.69; 1.49, 4.58), HTN (AOR = 2.066; 1.008, 6.31), and DM (AOR = 1.855; 0.76, 4.32). On the contrary, both WHR and general obesity measured by BMI were not significantly associated with pre-HTN, HTN, pre-DM and DM groups. CONCLUSION This study results revealed the variable prevalence between general obesity and the anthropometric indices (IDF cutoff) defining central obesity; WC, WHtR, and WHR among the participants. The result of this study suggests that the constructs of central obesity, not BMI has to be used to screen risks of cardio-metabolic risks among Ethiopians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Janakiraman
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gondar University Specialized Comprehensive Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Balamurugan Janakiraman Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gondar University Specialized Comprehensive Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia Email
| | - Solomon Mekonnen Abebe
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Bayisa Chala
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gondar University Specialized Comprehensive Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Solomon Fasika Demissie
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gondar University Specialized Comprehensive Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Shirasawa T, Ochiai H, Yoshimoto T, Nagahama S, Kobayashi M, Ohtsu I, Sunaga Y, Kokaze A. Associations between normal weight central obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Japanese middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2019; 38:46. [PMID: 31849344 PMCID: PMC6918653 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-019-0201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that normal weight central obesity (NWCO) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, studies conducted in the Japanese population have been very limited. Thus, the relationships between normal weight central obesity, classified using body mass index (BMI), the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and CVD risk factors in middle-aged Japanese adults were investigated. METHODS The participants were Japanese adults aged 40-64 years who had undergone periodic health examinations in Japan during the period from April 2013 to March 2014. The participants were categorized into the following four groups: normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) and no central obesity (WHtR < 0.5) (NW); normal weight and central obesity (WHtR ≥ 0.5) (NWCO); obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and no central obesity (OB); and obesity and central obesity (OBCO). Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, or taking medication for hypertension. Dyslipidemia was defined as LDL-C ≥ 140 mg/dl, HDL-C < 40 mg/dl, triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dl, or taking medication for dyslipidemia. Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl, random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl, HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, or receiving medical treatment for diabetes mellitus. A logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. RESULTS A total of 117,163 participants (82,487 men and 34,676 women) were analyzed. The prevalence of NWCO was 15.6% in men and 30.2% in women. With reference to NW, the ORs for hypertension (adjusted OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.17-1.27 in men, 1.23, 1.16-1.31 in women), dyslipidemia (1.81, 1.74-1.89 in men, 1.60, 1.52-1.69 in women), and diabetes (1.35, 1.25-1.46 in men, 1.60, 1.35-1.90 in women) were significantly higher in NWCO. CONCLUSIONS Normal weight with central obesity was associated with CVD risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, compared with normal weight without central obesity, regardless of sex. It is important to focus on normal weight with central obesity for the prevention of CVD in Japanese middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Shirasawa
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ochiai
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Takahiko Yoshimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Satsue Nagahama
- All Japan Labor Welfare Foundation, 6-16-11 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-0064 Japan
| | - Mariko Kobayashi
- All Japan Labor Welfare Foundation, 6-16-11 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-0064 Japan
| | - Iichiro Ohtsu
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Yuma Sunaga
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Akatsuki Kokaze
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
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A simple cut-off for waist-to-height ratio (0·5) can act as an indicator for cardiometabolic risk: recent data from adults in the Health Survey for England. Br J Nutr 2019; 123:681-690. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519003301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has acknowledged the value of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as an indicator for ‘early health risk’. We used recent UK data to explore whether classification based on WHtR identifies more adults at cardiometabolic risk than the ‘matrix’ based on BMI and waist circumference, currently used for screening. Data from the Health Survey for England (4112 adults aged 18+ years) were used to identify cardiometabolic risk, indicated by raised glycated Hb, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. HbA1c, total/HDL-cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (BP) were more strongly associated with WHtR than the ‘matrix’. In logistic regression models for HbA1c ≥ 48 mmol/mol, total/HDL-cholesterol > 4 and hypertension (BP > 140/90 mmHg or on medication), WHtR had a higher predictive value than the ‘matrix’. AUC was significantly greater for WHtR than the ‘matrix’ for raised HbA1c and hypertension. Of adults with raised HbA1c, 15 % would be judged as ‘no increased risk’ using the ‘matrix’ in contrast to 3 % using WHtR < 0·5. For hypertension, comparative values were 23 and 9 %, and for total/HDL-cholesterol > 4, 26 and 13 %. Nearly one-third of the ‘no increased risk’ group in the ‘matrix’ had WHtR ≥ 0·5 and hence could be underdiagnosed for cardiometabolic risk. WHtR has the potential to be a better indicator of cardiometabolic risks associated with central obesity than the current NICE ‘matrix’. The cut-off WHtR 0·5 in early screening translates to a simple message, ‘your waist should be less than half your height’, that allows individuals to be aware of their health risks.
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Narimani M, Esmaeilzadeh S, Pesola AJ, Azevedo LB, Moradi A, Heidari B, Kashfi-Moghadam M. Impact of obesity on central processing time rather than overall reaction time in young adult men. Eat Weight Disord 2019; 24:1051-1061. [PMID: 31317513 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00752-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The association between weight status with simple cognitive tasks such as reaction time (RT) may not be observed in young people as cognitive functioning development has reached its peak. In the present study, we aimed to examine the association between overall and central adiposity with overall and central processing of RT in a sample of young adult men with different weight status from Ardabil, Iran. METHODS Eighty-six young males between June-July 2018 completed RT tests as well as premotor time (PMT) using surface electromyography changes in isometric contraction response to an audio stimulus. RESULTS No significant associations were observed between RT and PMT and different body mass index categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese), as well as fat mass and fat to skeletal muscle mass ratio quartiles (Q). However, participants with greater waist to height ratio (WHtR) had longer PMT (but not RT) than their peers with lower WHtR (Q3 than Q2 and Q1 groups; p < 0.05, d = 1.23). Participants in the skeletal muscle mass quartile Q2 tended to have longer RT than participants in Q3 in an adjusted comparison model (p = 0.05, d = 0.72). CONCLUSIONS Although the association between weight status and RT might be elusive in young adults, our results show that higher central adiposity is negatively associated with PMT in young adults. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore the changes in obesity indexes and process speed in longer terms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I, experimental study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Narimani
- Department of Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | | | - Arto J Pesola
- Active Life Lab, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Liane B Azevedo
- School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Akbar Moradi
- Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
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SAQLAIN M, AKHTAR Z, KARAMAT R, MUNAWAR S, IQBAL M, FIAZ M, ZAFAR MM, SAEED S, NASIR MF, NAQVI SS, RAJA GK. Body Mass Index versus Other Adiposity Traits: Best Predictor of Cardiometabolic Risk. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 48:2224-2231. [PMID: 31993391 PMCID: PMC6974848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of anthropometric indices have been used in different world populations as markers to estimate obesity and its related health risks. The present study is large population based study dealing with five anthropometric obesity scales; Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), basal adiposity index (BAI), and Visceral adiposity index (VAI) to identify common adiposity trait(s) that best predict obesity and associated health complication(s). METHODS A total of 4000 subjects including 1000 in each category of BMI from four provinces (Punjab, Sindh, Kahyber pakhtoonkha and Balochistan) of Pakistan from 2012-2017 were collected. Complete anthropometric measurementswere obtained and blood samples were collected and Biochemical profiling was performed. Descriptive statistics, linear regression, binary and multiple regression analysis was done. RESULTS Our data analysis explored the relationships of obesity five indices; BMI, WC, WHR, BAI, and VAI with common metabolic health complications. Effect size analysis clearly indicates that a unit increase in BMI significant raised all anthropometric and clinical parameters. General and sex specific association analysis of adiposity traits with risk phenotypes (hypertension, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia) indicated significant associations of WC with all three metabolic risks. Varying degrees of correlations of other adiposity traits with metabolic risks were observed. Frequency of different obesity classes among obese population group were as follows; 55.7% class I, 28.50% Class II and 15.80% Class III. CONCLUSION WC is the strong predictor of obesity associated metabolic health issues in Pakistani populations. While BMI has significant increasing effect on other obesity indices like WHR, VAI and BAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad SAQLAIN
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS–Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan,Corresponding Author:
| | - Zainab AKHTAR
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS–Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Raheela KARAMAT
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS–Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Samra MUNAWAR
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS–Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Maria IQBAL
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS–Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad FIAZ
- Department of Pathology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sadia SAEED
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS–Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - S.M. Saqlan NAQVI
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS–Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Kaukab RAJA
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS–Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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214
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Kinnunen TI, Skogberg N, Härkänen T, Lundqvist A, Laatikainen T, Koponen P. Overweight and abdominal obesity in women of childbearing age of Russian, Somali and Kurdish origin and the general Finnish population. J Public Health (Oxf) 2019; 40:262-270. [PMID: 28505378 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Migrant background and higher parity may increase the risk of being overweight. We compared the prevalence of overweight (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) and abdominal obesity (waist-to-height ratio ≥0.5) between non-pregnant migrant and Finnish women aged 18-45 years. Methods The participants were 165 Russian, 164 Somali and 179 Kurdish origin women from the cross-sectional Migrant Health and Wellbeing study. The reference group included 388 women from the general Finnish population. Body anthropometrics were measured. The main statistical methods were logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic and reproductive variables. Results The unadjusted prevalence of overweight and obesity, respectively, were higher among Somali (32.9%, 30.9%, P < 0.001) and Kurdish women (41.1%, 19.5%, P < 0.001) than among Finnish women (19.9%, 9.8%). The adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for overweight (including obesity) were 0.54 (0.33; 0.89) for Russian, 2.89 (1.66; 5.03) for Somali and 2.56 (1.64; 4.00) for Kurdish women compared with Finnish women. Kurdish women had 2.96-fold (1.75; 5.00) adjusted odds ratio for abdominal obesity compared with Finnish women. Being parous was associated with overweight and abdominal obesity among Kurdish women. Conclusions Overweight and obesity were very common among Somali and Kurdish origin women. Information on diet and physical activity in these groups is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarja I Kinnunen
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Natalia Skogberg
- Department of Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Härkänen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annamari Lundqvist
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Primary Health Care Unit, Hospital District of North Karelia, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Päivikki Koponen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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Khader Y, Batieha A, Jaddou H, El-Khateeb M, Ajlouni K. The performance of anthropometric measures to predict diabetes mellitus and hypertension among adults in Jordan. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1416. [PMID: 31664979 PMCID: PMC6820979 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7801-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate and compare the abilities of waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) to predict recently and previously diagnosed diabetes and hypertension and assess their appropriate cut-off values among Jordanian adults. Methods Data from the 2017 cardiovascular risk factors survey were analyzed to achieve the study objective. The survey collected extensive data from a national population-based sample of Jordanian residents. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic variables and clinical data. Blood samples were taken for biochemical measurements. Anthropometric characteristics were measured by the same team of trained field researchers. Results This study included a total of 1193 men and 2863 women. Their age ranged from 18 to 90 year with a mean (SD) of 43.8 (14.2) year. WHtR performed better than other anthropometric measures and had a good ability (AUC > 0.80) among women and fair ability among men to predict newly diagnosed diabetes and previously diagnosed diabetes and hypertension. The appropriate cut-off points for anthropometric measures among women were 92 cm form WC, 104 cm for HC, 30 Kg/m2 for BMI, 0.85 for WHR, and 0.60 for WHtR. For men, the appropriate cut-off points were 100 cm for WC, 104 cm for HC, 27 Kg/m2 for BMI, 0.93 for WHR, and 0.57 for WHtR. Conclusion WHtR performed better than other anthropometric measures in predicting diabetes and hypertension among adult population in Jordan. We recommend WHtR as a measure of choice with a cut-off value of 0.6 for women and 0.57 for men to predict diabetes and hypertension among Jordanians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Khader
- Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Anwar Batieha
- Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Hashem Jaddou
- Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammed El-Khateeb
- The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, The Jordan University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Kamel Ajlouni
- The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, The Jordan University, Amman, Jordan
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Corrêa MM, Facchini LA, Thumé E, Oliveira ERAD, Tomasi E. The ability of waist-to-height ratio to identify health risk. Rev Saude Publica 2019; 53:66. [PMID: 31553376 PMCID: PMC6752642 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053000895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of the ratio between the waist circumference and the height in the identification of health risk compared with the correlation matrix between the anthropometric parameters body mass index and waist circumference. METHODS A population-based study presenting a transversal cut in a representative sample of the Brazilian adult and older population. The combination of the body mass index with the waist circumference resulted in health risk categories, and the cutoff points of the ratio between the waist circumference and the height as anthropometric indicator were used for classification of low and increased risk. Poisson regression was used to verify the association of systemic arterial hypertension with the health risk categories. RESULTS The results showed 26% of adult men, 10.4% of adult women and more than 30% of the older adults of both genders classified as without risk by the combination matrix between body mass index and waist circumference presented a ratio between the waist circumference and height that showed increased risk. All risk categories continued to be associated with hypertension after control for confounding factors, being almost two times higher for adults with moderate and high risk according to both methods. When the waist-to-height ratio was used as a risk indicator, the prevalence of hypertension ratios for the older adults was 1.37 (95%CI 1.16–1.63) and 1.35 (95%CI 1.12–1.62) for men and women, respectively, being these values close to the combination matrix body mass index and waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS The waist-to-height ratio identified more individuals at early health risk than the combination matrix between the body mass index and the waist circumference and showed comparable ability to identify health risk, regardless of gender and age, regarding the prevalence ratios for systemic arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Mara Corrêa
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva. Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - Luiz Augusto Facchini
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Elaine Thumé
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Elaine Tomasi
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
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Association between waist-to-height ratio and anxiety in middle-aged women: a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional multicenter Latin American study. Menopause 2019; 25:904-911. [PMID: 29509599 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and anxiety in middle-aged women. METHODS We carried out a secondary analysis of data from a multicenter study of women between 40 and 59 years old from 11 Latin America countries. Anxiety was assessed using the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale. WHtR was calculated according to World Health Organization standards and categorized in tertiles: upper, middle, and lower using 0.45 and 0.6 as cutoff values. Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% CIs were calculated by generalized linear models of Poisson family with robust standard errors, both crude and adjusted models based on statistical and epidemiological criteria. RESULTS Data of a total of 5,580 women were analyzed. Mean age was 49.7 ± 5.5 years, and 57.9% were postmenopausal. The 61.3% of women had anxiety and mean WHtR was 0.54 ± 0.1. In the crude model, compared with women in lower tertile, those in the middle (PR: 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01-1.13) and upper (PR: 1.23 95% CI, 1.07-1.29) WHtR tertile were significantly more likely to have anxiety. In the adjusted models, only women in upper tertile were, however, more likely of displaying anxiety than those in lower tertile (PR: 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08-1.18). CONCLUSIONS In this series, WHtR was associated with anxiety in middle-aged women. It is advisable to further study this anthropometric measure in order for it to be incorporated in the routine clinical practice and evaluation of middle-aged women.
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218
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Prieto-Benavides DH, García-Hermoso A, Izquierdo M, Alonso-Martínez AM, Agostinis-Sobrinho C, Correa-Bautista JE, Ramírez-Vélez R. Cardiorespiratory Fitness Cut-Points are Related to Body Adiposity Parameters in Latin American Adolescents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55090508. [PMID: 31438456 PMCID: PMC6780837 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55090508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A deficiency exists in the criterion-referenced cut-points for field-based cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in Latin American youths. The aims of the present study were two-fold: (1) To identify the ability of CRF estimated by the 20-m shuttle-run test (20mSRT) to differentiate between “healthy” and “unhealthy” phenotypes (by adiposity) in adolescents; (2) to assess the association between obesity and relative peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) in a large and diverse sample of Latin American youths. In total, 72,505 adolescents aged between 13 and 15 years were recruited from Chile and Colombia (47.5% girls). Materials and Methods: The waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were used to identify body adiposity markers. CRF was measured using the 20mSRT (VO2peak). Receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic regression were used to determine the discriminatory ability of CRF to predict body adiposity parameters. Results: For boys and girls, VO2peak showed a significant predictive capacity to detect body fat (area under the curve [AUC] > 0.62). The sensitivity of VO2peak was medium (>63%) for all age- and sex-specific cut-points, with optimal cut-points in 13- to 15-year olds for obesity identified as 43.77 mL·kg−1·min−1 and 38.53 mL·kg−1·min−1 in boys and girls, respectively. Conclusions: According to these cut-points, adolescents with low CRF were more likely to be obese either by WC or WHtR. The CRF cut-points can be used as quantitative markers for a healthier body in Latin American adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Humberto Prieto-Benavides
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, Public University of Navarra, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, Public University of Navarra, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago 9160030, Chile
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, Public University of Navarra, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia María Alonso-Martínez
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, Public University of Navarra, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - César Agostinis-Sobrinho
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health and Sciences, Klaipeda University, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, Public University of Navarra, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra's Health Research Institute, Public University of Navarra, C/irunlarrea 3, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
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Vujanović M, Brkić-Jovanović N, Ilić D, Drvendžija Z, Srdić-Galić B, Turkulov V, Brkić S, Marić D. Associations of visceral fat thickness and anthropometric measurements with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease development in male patients mono-infected with human immunodeficiency virus. South Afr J HIV Med 2019; 20:968. [PMID: 31534788 PMCID: PMC6739542 DOI: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v20i1.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the most common form of chronic liver disease in mono-infected (without concomitant hepatitis B and/or C virus infection) people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The proper and on time identification of at-risk HIV-positive individuals would be relevant in order to reduce the rate of progression from NAFLD into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore visceral fat thickness (VFT) and anthropometric measurements associated with the development of NAFLD in patients mono-infected with HIV and on long-standing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). METHOD Eighty-eight (n = 88) HIV-positive male patients, average age 39.94 ± 9.91 years, and stable on cART, were included in this prospective study. VFT was measured using ultrasonography. Anthropometric measurements included body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (W/H), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist and hip circumference (WC, HC). Differences between variables were determined using the chi-square test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Youden index were used to determine optimal cut-off values of VFT and hepatic steatosis. The area under the curve (AUC), 95% confidence intervals, sensitivity and specificity are reported for the complete sample. Significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Patients with steatosis had significantly higher values of BMI, HC, WC, W/H and WHtR. The VFT was higher in patients with steatosis (p < 0.001). Specifically, VFT values above 31.98 mm and age > 38.5 years correlated with steatosis in HIV-positive patients, namely sensitivity 89%, specificity 72%, AUC 0.84 (95% CI, 0.76-0.93, p < 0.001), with the highest Youden index = 0.61. The sensitivity of the age determinant above this cut-off point was 84%, specificity 73% and AUC 0.83 (95% CI, 0.75-0.92, p < 0.001), with the highest Youden index of 0.57. CONCLUSION In the absence of more advanced radiographic and histological tools, simple anthropometric measurements and VFT could assist in the early identification of persons at risk of hepatic steatosis in low- and middle-income regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Vujanović
- Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Dalibor Ilić
- Centre for Radiology, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | - Vesna Turkulov
- Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Snežana Brkić
- Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Daniela Marić
- Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Chiavaroli V, Gibbins JD, Cutfield WS, Derraik JGB. Childhood obesity in New Zealand. World J Pediatr 2019; 15:322-331. [PMID: 31079339 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-019-00261-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paediatric obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, resulting in significant adverse effects on health and wellbeing. Early life events, including those that happen before, during, and after pregnancy can predispose children to later obesity. The purpose of this review is to examine the magnitude of obesity among New Zealand children and adolescents, and to determine their underlying risk factors and associated comorbidities. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar searches were performed using the key terms "obesity", "overweight", "children", "adolescents", and "New Zealand". RESULTS Obesity is a major public health concern in New Zealand, with more than 33% of children and adolescents aged 2-14 years being overweight or obese. Obesity disproportionately affects Māori (New Zealand's indigenous population) and Pacific children and adolescents, as well as those of lower socioeconomic status. New Zealand's obesity epidemic is associated with numerous health issues, including cardiometabolic, gastrointestinal, and psychological problems, which also disproportionately affect Māori and Pacific children and adolescents. Notably, a number of factors may be useful to identify those at increased risk (such as demographic and anthropometric characteristics) and inform possible interventions. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of overweight and obese children and adolescents in New Zealand is markedly high, with a greater impact on particular ethnicities and those of lower socioeconomic status. Alleviating the current burden of pediatric obesity should be a key priority for New Zealand, for the benefit of both current and subsequent generations. Future strategies should focus on obesity prevention, particularly starting at a young age and targeting those at greatest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John D Gibbins
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wayne S Cutfield
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. .,A Better Start - National Science Challenge, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. .,Endocrinology Department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - José G B Derraik
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. .,A Better Start - National Science Challenge, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. .,Endocrinology Department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Thomson D, Liston M, Gupta A. Is the 10 metre walk test on sloped surfaces associated with age and physical activity in healthy adults? Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2019; 16:11. [PMID: 31360260 PMCID: PMC6639969 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-019-0219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preferred walking speed is considered an important indicator of health in older adults and is measured on level ground. However, this may not represent the complex demands of community ambulation such as walking on sloped surfaces. Performing a 10 m walk test on a sloped surface is a novel test, and may be a more sensitive measure of walking capacity which may better discriminate age or health-related changes in gait speed compared to a traditional level 10 m walk test. The purpose of this investigation was to determine healthy adults' performance in the 10 m walk test across various inclines and speeds, and which version of the 10 m walk test would be best at discriminating age-related changes in walking speed. Further, this study aimed to determine whether measures of general health and physical activity are associated with the performance of each test. METHODS Healthy Adults (n = 181) aged 20-80 years completed the 10 m walk test on level, downhill and uphill surfaces (8° inclination) at fastest and preferred speeds. Descriptive statistics were calculated for walking speed for males and females across each decade of life. Repeated measures ANOVA was performed to discriminate age-related changes in gait speed by decade, for the 10 m walk test at each speed and slope. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between waist to height ratio, resting heart rate, age and self-reported physical activity upon preferred and fastest walking speeds at each incline (level/downhill/uphill). RESULTS The 10 m walk test best discriminated age-related changes in gait speed when performed at fastest speeds on each slope, or at a preferred speed on an uphill slope. Waist to height ratio, age and the physical activity index were all significantly associated with fastest walking speeds over each incline and preferred uphill speed. Only waist to height ratio was associated with preferred walking speed on level and downhill surfaces. CONCLUSIONS The 10 m walk test has the greatest ability to discriminate age- and health-related changes in gait speed when it is performed at a fastest speed on any slope, or uphill at a preferred speed. The normative data reported in this study may be used to compare the performance of the 10 m walk test to that of healthy adults at preferred and fastest speeds on sloped surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Thomson
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Liston
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Amitabh Gupta
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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Gallegos D, Do H, To QG, Vo B, Goris J, Alraman H. Differences in cardiometabolic risk markers among ethnic groups in Queensland, Australia. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2019; 27:e449-e458. [PMID: 30905074 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Very little is known about the cardiometabolic risk of migrants who settle in Australia. This study investigated differences in cardiometabolic risk markers among ethnic groups attending a tailored healthy lifestyle program in Queensland, Australia; and differences in these markers between those living in Australia for shorter versus longer periods of time. Baseline data collected between October 2014 and June 2017 from the Living Well Multicultural-Lifestyle Modification Program were used. People living in ethnic communities in Queensland who were ≥18 years old, and not underweight were eligible to participate. Independent variables were ethnicity and length of time in Australia. Outcomes were cardiometabolic risk markers including BMI, waist circumference, weight-to-height ratio (WHtR) and hypertension. Analyses were done separately for each independent variable. Linear and logistic regressions were run for continuous and binary outcomes with differences/Odds ratios reported respectively. Multivariable analyses showed that Burmese/Vietnamese had an average BMI lower than Afghani/Arabic (3.7 points), Somalian/Sudanese (4.7 points) and Pacific Islander (11.6 points) (p < 0.001) respectively. Differences in waist circumference between Burmese/Vietnamese with Sri Lankan/Bhutanese, Afghani/Arabic, Somalian/Sudanese and Pacific Islander were 6.3, 8.4, 9.1 and 24.0 cm (p < 0.01) respectively. Although Burmese/Vietnamese also had lower average WHtR compared to the others, the differences were not significant for Somalian/Sudanese. Moreover, Sri Lankan/Bhutanese and Pacific Islander were more likely to be hypertensive compared to Burmese/Vietnamese (p < 0.05). Immigrants living in Australia >5years had on average 1.2 points higher BMI, 2.4cm larger waist circumference, and 0.02 points higher WHtR (p < 0.05) compared to those living for ≤5 years. Long-stay immigrants were also more likely to be hypertensive than short-stay immigrants (p < 0.01). In conclusion, cardiometabolic risk is significantly different among ethnic groups in Queensland with Pacific Islanders having the highest risk. Immigrants living in Australia >5 years had higher risks compared to those living in Australia for shorter periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Gallegos
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Hong Do
- Chronic Disease Program, Ethnic Communities Council of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Quyen G To
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brenda Vo
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Janny Goris
- Preventive Health Branch, Prevention Division, Queensland Department of Health, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Hana Alraman
- Chronic Disease Program, Ethnic Communities Council of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- EACH, National Disability Insurance Scheme, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Suyoto PST, Aulia B. Low muscle mass and inflammation among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. Diabetol Int 2019; 10:219-224. [PMID: 31275789 PMCID: PMC6592986 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-018-0384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic inflammation, as observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is associated with complications. How chronic inflammation influences body composition in patients with T2DM remains to be investigated. Our study aimed to evaluate the difference of skeletal muscle mass between patients with and without inflammation indicated by plasma high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). METHODS Patients with T2DM were recruited from primary health care in Sleman district, Indonesia. Measurements were performed to obtain information on body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, total body fat, subcutaneous fat, visceral fat, mid-upper arm circumference, and muscle mass. Spearman's rank correlation was performed to test the correlation between hs-CRP level and several components of body composition. To test the difference of percent skeletal muscle mass between subjects with and without inflammation (hs-CRP ≥ 3 or < 3 mg/dL), general linear model was utilized with adjustment for several variables. Analysis with p value of less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant. RESULT In all subjects, hs-CRP is correlated with skeletal muscle mass (r: - 0.343; p = 0.04), total body fat (r: 0.353; p = 0.04), and subcutaneous fat (r: 0.369; p = 0.02) but not visceral fat (p: - 0.065; p = ns). Significant difference of skeletal muscle mass between subjects with and without inflammation was found in all and female subjects after adjustment for covariates. CONCLUSION There was a negative correlation between skeletal muscle mass percentage and inflammation indicated by hs-CRP in type 2 diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perdana Samekto Tyasnugroho Suyoto
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Health and Human Nutrition, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bianda Aulia
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Health and Human Nutrition, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Correlation of MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements and anthropometric markers with prevalent hypertension in the community. J Hypertens 2019; 36:1555-1562. [PMID: 29601409 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the correlations of MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements and anthropometric markers, respectively, with prevalent hypertension in a community-based sample, free of clinical cardiovascular disease. METHODS MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements were obtained in 345 participants (143 women; age 39-73 years) of the KORA FF4 survey from Southern Germany using a 3-Tesla machine and included total adipose tissue (TAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), hepatic fat fraction (HFF), pancreatic fat fraction (PFF) as well as pericardial adipose tissue (PAT). In addition, the anthropometric markers body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-height ratio (WHtR) as well as blood pressure measurements were obtained. RESULTS The prevalence of hypertension was 33.6% (women: 28%, men: 38%). VAT and PAT had the highest area under the curve (AUC) values for identifying individuals with prevalent hypertension (AUC: 0.75; 0.73, respectively), whereas WHtR and waist circumference were best performing anthropometric markers (AUC: 0.72; 0.70, respectively). A 1SD increment of TAT was associated with the highest odd for hypertension in the age-adjusted and sex-adjusted model (OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.67-2.91, P < 0.001) and in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.45-2.66, P < 0.001). TAT was the only MRI-derived adipose tissue measurement that was associated with hypertension independently of the best performing anthropometric marker waist circumference in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.00-3.72, P = 0.049). CONCLUSION MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements perform similarly in identifying prevalent hypertension compared with anthropometric markers. Especially, TAT, VAT and PAT as well as WHtR and waist circumference were highly correlated with prevalent hypertension.
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Association between High Waist-to-Height Ratio and Cardiovascular Risk among Adults Sampled by the 2016 Half-Way National Health and Nutrition Survey in Mexico (ENSANUT MC 2016). Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061402. [PMID: 31234359 PMCID: PMC6627816 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Little evidence exists regarding the association between waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors in Mexican adults. Our study pursued a twofold objective: To describe the association between a high WHtR and CVR indicators among Mexican adults canvassed by the 2016 Half-Way National Health and Nutrition Survey, and to examine the interaction of sex and age on this association. We analyzed data from the adult sample (≥20 years old) and classified in two groups using WHtRs ≥0.5 considered high and low otherwise. The following CVR factors were analyzed: High-total-cholesterol (≥200 mg/dL), low high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c < 40 mg/dL), high low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c ≥ 130 mg/dL), high triglycerides (≥150 mg/dL), insulin resistance (IR) (HOMA-IR) (≥2.6), and hypertension (HBP) (≥140/≥90 mmHg). We estimated prevalence ratios (PR) to analyze the association between high WHtRs and CVR indicators. Over 90% of participants had high WHtRs and were at greater risk for dyslipidemias, HBP, and IR compared to those that had low WHtRs. PR for men with high WHtRs were between 1.3 to 2.3 for dyslipidemias, 3.4 for HBP and 7.6 for IR; among women were between 1.8 to 2.4 for dyslipidemias and HBP and 5.9 for IR (p < 0.05). A high WHtR is associated with CVR factors in Mexican adults.
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Rasool SUA, Ashraf S, Nabi M, Rashid F, Fazili KM, Amin S. Elevated fasting insulin is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2098-2105. [PMID: 31235143 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS PCOS is associated with various immediate and long term health complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum fasting insulin concentration with cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS A total of 349 women, 249 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and 100 age-matched healthy controls, were recruited in this case-control study. Fasting insulin and various other biochemical, hormonal and clinical parameters were measured in all participants. The correlation of insulin with cardiometabolic risk factors was evaluated in PCOS women with normal and high serum insulin concentration. RESULTS Fasting Insulin, BMI, WHR, FAI, LH: FSH, HOMA, QUICKI were significantly higher in PCOS women compared with healthy controls (p < 0.01). Fasting insulin showed a positive correlation with more cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in PCOS compared to controls. The BMI, BAI, LAP, HOMA IR, QUICKI and FAI were significantly higher (all p < 0.05) in PCOS patients with higher insulin levels than with PCOS women with normal levels. CONCLUSION Fasting insulin is an important determinant in the pathogenesis of obesity and hyperandrogenism in PCOS. It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sairish Ashraf
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, India.
| | - Mudasar Nabi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, India.
| | - Fouzia Rashid
- Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, India.
| | | | - Shajrul Amin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasubramonian Sivasankaran
- Professor of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Skogberg N, Laatikainen T, Lilja E, Lundqvist A, Härkänen T, Koponen P. The association between anthropometric measures and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is different in Russian, Somali and Kurdish origin migrants compared with the general population in Finland: a cross-sectional population-based study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:391. [PMID: 30971258 PMCID: PMC6458679 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons of African and Middle-Eastern origin living in European countries have a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes, accompanied by high prevalence of obesity among women but not always among men. The aim of this study was to examine whether there are differences in the association between anthropometric measures and glucose levels measured with glycated haemoglobin and fasting blood glucose among persons of migrant origin in Finland. METHODS Cross-sectional population-based data of the 30-64 year-old participants in the health examination of the Migrant Health and Wellbeing Study was used, selecting persons without diabetes (Russian origin n = 293, Somali origin n = 184, Kurdish origin n = 275). The reference group were non-diabetic participants in the Health 2011 Survey (n = 653), representative of the general Finnish population. Anthropometric measures included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, available for Maamu Study participants only). RESULTS Depending on whether continuous or categorical anthropometric measures were used, age, sex and anthropometrics explained 13-18% of variation in HbA1c among persons of Russian origin, 5-10% among persons of Somali origin, 1-3% among persons of Kurdish origin and 11-13% among the general population. Also depending on whether continuous or categorical anthropometric measures were used, age, sex and anthropometrics explained 13-19% of variation in fasting blood glucose among persons of Russian origin, 15-20% among persons of Somali origin, 13-17% among persons of Kurdish origin and 16-17% among the general population. With exception for BMI, strength of the association between continuous anthropometric measures and HbA1c was significantly lower among persons of Kurdish origin compared with the general Finnish population (p = 0.044 for WC and p = 0.040 for WHtR). CONCLUSIONS A low degree of association between anthropometric measures and HbA1c was observed among persons of Kurdish origin. Findings of this study suggest caution is warranted when using HbA1c as a screening tool for glucose impairment among persons without diabetes in populations of diverse origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Skogberg
- Department of Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PL 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Joint municipal authority for North Karelia social and health services, Tikkamäentie 16, 80210 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Eero Lilja
- Department of Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annamari Lundqvist
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Härkänen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivikki Koponen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
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Cut-off points of anthropometric markers associated with hypertension in the Brazilian population: National Health Survey, 2013. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:2147-2154. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019000533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo identify cut-off points for waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and BMI associated with hypertension in the Brazilian adult and elderly population.DesignCross-sectional study. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the cut-off points of WC, WHtR and BMI in the prediction of hypertension. Those who had systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg and those who reported use of antihypertensive medication were considered hypertensive.SettingBrazil.ParticipantsParticipants from the National Health Survey, the Brazilian household-based survey conducted in 2013, of both sexes and age ≥20 years.ResultsCut-off points for WC and WHtR increased with age in both sexes. WC cut-off limits ranged between 88·0 and 95·9 cm in men and between 85·0 and 93·2 cm in women. For WHtR, cut-off scores ranged from 0·51 to 0·58 for men and from 0·53 to 0·61 for women. Additionally, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for all age and sex groups was greater than 0·60 while the lower limit of the AUC 95 % CI for both WC and WHtR was not less than 0·50. The performance of BMI was similar to that of indicators of fat location.ConclusionsAll analysed anthropometric indicators had similar performance in identifying hypertension in the Brazilian population.
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Song P, Li X, Bu Y, Ding S, Zhai D, Wang E, Yu Z. Temporal trends in normal weight central obesity and its associations with cardiometabolic risk among Chinese adults. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5411. [PMID: 30931996 PMCID: PMC6443661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal weight central obesity (NWCO), a distinct phenotype of obesity that is associated with a higher risk of cardiometabolic dysregulation, has received growing attention in the scientific literature. In this study, we aimed to report the prevalence of NWCO in the general Chinese adults and its secular trend from 1993 to 2011. The comorbid cardiometabolic risk of NWCO was also explored. Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 1993-2011 were obtained. NWCO was defined as the combination of a BMI of 18.5-23.9 kg/m2 and 1) a waist circumference (WC) of >85 cm in males or >80 cm in females (NWCO by WC); 2) a waist to height ratio (WHtR) of ≥0.5 (NWCO by WHtR); 3) a waist to hip ratio (WHR) of ≥0.9 in males or ≥0.85 in females (NWCO by WHR). We assessed the trend of NWCO prevalence with the generalized estimating equation method. The demographic, socioeconomic, geographic, behavioural and cardiometabolic predictors of NWCO were explored with multivariable logistic regression. From 1993 to 2011, the age-standardized prevalence of NWCO by WC increased from 6.65% (95% CI: 6.09-7.26) to 13.24% (95% CI: 12.58-13.93), and that of NWCO by WHtR and NWCO by WHR rose from 13.18% (95% CI: 12.41-13.98) to 17.06% (95% CI: 16.35-17.79) and from 16.14% (95% CI: 15.3-17.01) to 19.04% (95% CI: 18.25-19.85) respectively. The associated cardiometabolic factors of NWCO (by WC, WHtR and WHR) were hypertension, diabetes, insulin resistance, decreased insulin sensitivity, low high-density lipoprotein and elevated triglyceride. Moreover, NWCO by WC and NWCO by WHtR were associated with a decreased risk of impaired insulin secretion, and NWCO by WC was additionally linked to elevated total cholesterol. The prevalence of NWCO in the general Chinese adults increased significantly from 1993 to 2011. Effective strategies are needed to combat this epidemic and reduce its deleterious health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peige Song
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Centre for Global Health Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Xue Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Centre for Global Health Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yongjun Bu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shibin Ding
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Desheng Zhai
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Erhui Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
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Prevalence of Known Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Multiethnic Urban Youth in Edmonton: Findings From the WHY ACT NOW Project. Can J Diabetes 2019; 43:207-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Nearly one third of adults in the ‘healthy’ BMI range are at early cardiometabolic risk according to their waist-to-height ratio. Proc Nutr Soc 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665119000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Liu B, Lehmler HJ, Sun Y, Xu G, Sun Q, Snetselaar LG, Wallace RB, Bao W. Association of Bisphenol A and Its Substitutes, Bisphenol F and Bisphenol S, with Obesity in United States Children and Adolescents. Diabetes Metab J 2019; 43:59-75. [PMID: 30793552 PMCID: PMC6387872 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) are increasingly used as substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental obesogen. However, health effects of BPF and BPS remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the associations of BPA, BPF, and BPS with obesity in children and adolescents. METHODS We used data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 to 2014, a nationally representative study. We included 745 participants aged 6 to 17 years old. General obesity was defined based on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention body mass index-for-age growth charts for the United States. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist-to-height ratio ≥0.5. RESULTS After adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, and urinary creatinine levels, the odds ratio of general obesity comparing the highest with lowest quartile of urinary bisphenol levels was 1.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92 to 3.31) for BPA, 1.54 (95% CI, 1.02 to 2.32) for BPF, and 1.36 (95% CI, 0.53 to 3.51) for BPS. Moreover, the associations were stronger in boys than in girls for BPA and BPF. Similar results were observed for abdominal obesity. CONCLUSION This study for the first time showed that exposure to BPF, a commonly used substitute for BPA, was positively associated with higher risk of obesity in children and adolescents. The association of BPA and BPF with general and abdominal obesity was primarily observed in boys, suggesting a possible sex difference. Further investigations on the underlying mechanisms are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hans Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Yangbo Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Guifeng Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Linda G Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Robert B Wallace
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Obesity Research and Education Initiative, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Environmental Health Sciences Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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Opoku H, Yirerong T, Osei-Onwona B, Boachie-Adjei O. The Use of Arm Span as a Substitute for Height in Calculating Body Mass Index (BMI) for Spine Deformity Patients. Spine Deform 2019; 6:220-225. [PMID: 29735129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspd.2017.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare arm span and height in body mass index (BMI) calculation in patients with spinal curvature and investigate their impact on interpretation of BMI. STUDY DESIGN Prospective case-control cohorts. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The BMI value is based on weight to height ratio. Spine deformity patients experience height loss and its use in calculating BMI is likely to produce errors. A surrogate for height should therefore be sought in BMI determination. METHODS Ninety-three spine deformity patients were matched with 64 normal children. Anthropometric values (height, arm span, and weight) and spinal curve were obtained. BMIs using arm span and height were calculated, and statistical analysis performed to assess the relationship between BMI/height and BMI/arm span in both groups as well as the relationship between these values and Arm Span to Height difference (Delta AH). RESULTS There were 46 males and 47 females, the average age was 15.5 years in Group 1 versus 33 males and 31 females, average age 14.8 years in Group 2. Major scoliosis in Group 1 averaged 125.7° (21° to 252°). The extreme curves show vertebral transposition, with overlapping segments making it more than 180°. A logistic regression showed that there was linearity in BMI scores (R2 = 0.97) for both arm span and height (R2 = 0.94) in group 2 patients. For group 1 patients there was a significant difference in the BMI values when comparing BMI/arm span versus BMI/height (p < .0001). Mean BMI values using height was overstated by 2.8 (18.6%). The threshold at which BMI score must be calculated using arm span as opposed to the height (Delta AH) was determined to be 3 cm. CONCLUSIONS Spine deformity patients experience height loss, which can impact their true BMI values thereby giving an erroneous impression of their nutritional status. The arm span should be used in patients with Delta AH >3 cm to properly assess nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Opoku
- FOCOS Orthopedic Hospital, No. 8 Teshie Street, Pantang Accra, Ghana
| | - Theresa Yirerong
- FOCOS Orthopedic Hospital, No. 8 Teshie Street, Pantang Accra, Ghana
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- FOCOS Orthopedic Hospital, No. 8 Teshie Street, Pantang Accra, Ghana
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Armborst D, Metzner C, Bitterlich N, Lemperle M, Siener R. Effect of a weight-loss stabilization following a weight reduction with or without meal replacement on cardiometabolic risk in overweight women. A randomized controlled trial. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 70:453-466. [PMID: 30621476 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1537363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of a 3-month weight-loss-stabilization phase (phase 2) following a successful 3-month weight-loss phase (phase 1), including a conventional energy-restricted diet with (MR) or without (C) meal replacement, on the cardiometabolic risk profile in 80 overweight women. In phase 2, both groups continued to significantly reduce weight and sustained the significant decreases in waist circumference and LDL-C. During the study, folic acid concentration significantly increased in the MR-group, while homocysteine concentration significantly worsened in the C-group. After 6 months, the number of women with hypertriglyceridemic waist was significantly reduced in both the groups, however with metabolic syndrome and metabolically unhealthy abdominal obesity (MUHAO) only in the MR-group. In conclusion, both strategies were equally effective for weight loss and weight-loss stabilization. The micronutrient supplementation with MR seemed to have an additional beneficial impact on the cardiometabolic risk in the MR-group versus the C-group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Armborst
- a Department of Urology , Medical Nutrition Science, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Christine Metzner
- b Department of Internal Medicine III , University Hospital, RWTH , Aachen , Germany.,c Bonn Education Association for Dietetics r. A , Cologne , Germany
| | - Norman Bitterlich
- d Department of Biostatistics , Medicine and Service Ltd , Chemnitz , Germany
| | - Martin Lemperle
- e Outpatient Center for Nutrition Education , Frankfurt/Main , Germany
| | - Roswitha Siener
- a Department of Urology , Medical Nutrition Science, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
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Al-Khafaji KHA, Al-Dujaili MN, Al-Dujaili AN. Estimation of Endostatin level in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients and its relation with some parameters. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/cipms-2018-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Biomarkers are attractive non-invasive tools for estimating and monitoring pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) disease and for predicting survival in patients with PAH; therefore, many studies encouraged the investigation of new biomarkers to facilitate the diagnosis of PAH. Endostatin (ES) is an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis. It is produced by proteolytic cleavage of the collagen XVIII that is present in both normal and cancerous tissue. In vitro examination shows that ES can manage endothelial cells (EC) physiology in ways that could influence angiogenesis. For example, solvent ES hinders EC movement and prompts improvements of the cytoskeleton that incorporate the loss of Actin stretch strands and central grips. This effect embraces restrictions on the α5β1integrins, Tropomyosin, and putative heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Consequences for the human EC cytoskeleton include Es-induced down-regulation of Mitogen-actuated Protein Kinase (MAPK), Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK), the Urokinase Plasminogen Activator (uPA) System, and the RhoA GTPase. Human ES has likewise been shown in a few investigations to repress EC multiplication. Moreover, ES-instigated cell cycle capture in the G1 stage is joined by Cyclin D1 down-regulation. Of note, ES blocks the proliferation and organization of endothelial cells into new blood vessels, and in animal studies, ES also inhibits angiogenesis and the growth of both primary tumors and secondary metastasis. ES was initially identified by its capacity to inhibit tumor angiogenesis in vitro and also in vivo. It can also be found in both healthy and patient’ serum, and has been detected in peripheral circulation. ES could be an attractive, non-invasive prognostic marker for some diseases, notably PAH. Therefore, the presented work is aimed at investigating the ES level in blood serum as a biomarker for detection, diagnosis and early treatment of PAH patients. In doing so, the association is ascertained between gender, age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences, smoking, types of PAH (primary and secondary) and this potential biomarker is assessed in PAH patients.
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Máximo LSN, Melo FF, Porto LB, Silva ICRD, Prado MD, Pedrosa HC. Correlation of body composition parameters using different methods among Brazilian obese adults. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CINEANTROPOMETRIA E DESEMPENHO HUMANO 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2019v21e60539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Data comparing anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absortiometry (DXA) parameters are somehow limited and conflicting. The objective of this study was to correlate anthropometric, BIA and DXA parameters among obese Brazilian adults with focus on the comparison with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) obtained from DXA and in the value of antropometric measurements. Fifty voluntary participants were enrolled. The Spearman correlation test was used to assess the correlation of VAT with anthropometric measurements, BIA and other DXA parameters. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate concordance between lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), %body fat (%BF) and %upper body fat (%UBF) obtained from BIA and DXA. Most were female (80%) and had an average body index mass (BMI) of 39.0 (± 6.4) kg/m2. The only anthropometric measurements showing a strong correlation with VAT were abdominal circumference (AC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), but just in females. There was a very good correlation for LM [ICC = 0.951 (CI = 0.913 - 0.972)], FM [ICC = 0.987 (CI = 0.977 – 0.993)], %BF [ICC = 0.961 (CI = 0.931-0.978)], and %UBF [ICC = 0.873 (CI = 0.776 – 0.928)], between data collected through BIA and DXA. Among the anthropometric measurements assessed, only AC and WHtR seems to estimate patients with abdominal fat distribution and higher VAT in females. DXA and BIA proved similar for the evaluation of LM, FM, %BF and %UBF, although DXA has the advantage of estimating VAT.
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Jelinek HF, Stranieri A, Yatsko A, Venkatraman S. Personalised measures of obesity using waist to height ratios from an Australian health screening program. Digit Health 2019; 5:2055207619844362. [PMID: 31019723 PMCID: PMC6463229 DOI: 10.1177/2055207619844362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the current study is to generate waist circumference to height ratio cut-off values for obesity categories from a model of the relationship between body mass index and waist circumference to height ratio. We compare the waist circumference to height ratio discovered in this way with cut-off values currently prevalent in practice that were originally derived using pragmatic criteria. Method Personalized data including age, gender, height, weight, waist circumference and presence of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease for 847 participants over eight years were assembled from participants attending a rural Australian health review clinic (DiabHealth). Obesity was classified based on the conventional body mass index measure (weight/height2) and compared to the waist circumference to height ratio. Correlations between the measures were evaluated on the screening data, and independently on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey that included age categories. Results This article recommends waist circumference to height ratio cut-off values based on an Australian rural sample and verified using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database that facilitates the classification of obesity in clinical practice. Gender independent cut-off values are provided for waist circumference to height ratio that identify healthy (waist circumference to height ratio ≥0.45), overweight (0.53) and the three obese (0.60, 0.68, 0.75) categories verified on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset. A strong linearity between the waist circumference to height ratio and the body mass index measure is demonstrated. Conclusion The recommended waist circumference to height ratio cut-off values provided a useful index for assessing stages of obesity and risk of chronic disease for improved healthcare in clinical practice.
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Wariri O, Jalo I, Bode-Thomas F. Discriminative ability of adiposity measures for elevated blood pressure among adolescents in a resource-constrained setting in northeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC OBESITY 2018; 5:35. [PMID: 30524740 PMCID: PMC6276203 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-018-0211-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Several studies examining the association and discriminative ability of adiposity measures for prehypertension and hypertension among adolescents have reported varying outcomes. We aimed to determine the discriminative ability of the Body Mass index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), and Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) adiposity measures for elevated blood pressure (prehypertension and hypertension combined) among adolescents in Gombe, northeast Nigeria. Methods This cross-sectional study used a multi-stage sampling technique and involved 367 secondary school adolescent (10–18 years) boys and girls in Gombe Local Government Area, Gombe State, northeast Nigeria from January to September 2015. We examined and compared the associations and discriminative ability of the BMI, WC and the WHtR for elevated blood pressure using multiple logistic regression and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. Area under the curves (AUC), odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. Results All three measures of adiposity were strongly and positively associated with elevated blood pressure. The BMI obesity showed the strongest association with elevated blood pressure with odds that was double the odds of WC and triple that of WHtR [adjusted OR for BMI 15.3, 95% CI (4.8–27.9)]. The discriminative ability of adiposity measures for elevated blood pressure using AUC was comparable (0.786 for BMI, vs 0.780 for WC, vs 0.761 for WHtR). Conclusion We provide evidence, here on the BMI, WC and WHtR to support the use of simple indirect measures of adiposity in evaluating adiposity-related risk including prehypertension and hypertension among Nigerian adolescents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40608-018-0211-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oghenebrume Wariri
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, MRC Unit, The Gambia at The London School of Hygience and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Iliya Jalo
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Teaching Hospital (FTH), Gombe, Nigeria.,3Department of Paediatrics, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria
| | - Fidelia Bode-Thomas
- 4Paediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), Jos, Nigeria
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Deng G, Yin L, Liu W, Liu X, Xiang Q, Qian Z, Ma J, Chen H, Wang Y, Hu B, Li W, Jiang Y. Associations of anthropometric adiposity indexes with hypertension risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis including PURE-China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13262. [PMID: 30508913 PMCID: PMC6283208 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The association between hypertension and obesity has been confirmed, while no agreement has been reached about which anthropometric adiposity index is the best. This meta-analysis aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the associations of hypertension risk with body mass index (BMI), waist circumstance (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and a prospective urban and rural epidemiology study from China (PURE-China) was added into this meta-analysis as an individual study. METHODS Systematic literature searching was conducted to identify relevant articles published up to September 2018 in CNKI, WANFANG Data, Web of Science, SinoMed, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and cross-referencing. Literature reporting the association of hypertension risk with BMI, WC, WHR, and WHtR were defined as eligible. PURE-China data were analyzed and included as 1 eligible study into meta-analyses. Summary odds ratio (OR) and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were pooled using meta-analysis methods. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. Subgroups based on gender, country and study design were conducted as well. RESULTS Thirty-eight original articles including PURE-China were included into meta-analyses, involving 309,585 subjects. WHtR had the strongest association with hypertension risk (OR, 1.68; 95% confidence interval, [CI]:1.29-2.19) and prediction ability (AUC, 70.9%; 95% CI: 67.8%-74.2%), which were also confirmed in subgroup analyses based on gender and country. However, BMI was found to have the highest prediction ability in adjusted models of PURE-China and followed WC, both of which were superior to WHtR (73.7% and 73.4% vs 73.2%). CONCLUSIONS Our overall meta-analysis further confirmed WHtR as a good indicator at discriminating those individuals at increased risk of hypertension, and in some cases, it is better than BMI, WC, and WHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
- School of Public Health, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing
| | - Lu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Weida Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Quanyong Xiang
- Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control & Prevention
| | - Zhenzhen Qian
- Jiangxinzhou Community Health Service Center, Nanjing
| | - Juntao Ma
- Academy of Military Sciences, People's Liberation Army of China, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Bo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Public Health, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing
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Al-Khafaji KHA, Al-Dujaili MN, Al-Dujaili ANG. Assessment of noggin level in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/cipms-2018-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Noggin (NOG) is a protein that is involved in the development of many body tissues, including nerve tissue, muscles, and bones. The NOG protein plays a role in germ layer-specific derivation of specialized cells. Via NOG, the formation of neural tissues, the notochord, hair follicles, and eye structures arise from the ectoderm germ layer, while noggin activity in the mesoderm gives way to the formation of cartilage, bone and muscle growth. In the endoderm, NOG is involved in the development of the lungs.
NOG dimerizes by a core body, while two pairs of strands extend from it preceding by an N-terminal segment (called a clip segment) with approximately 20 amino acids. This clip twists around the BMP ligand and obstructs the growth factor surfaces from binding to both BMP receptors type I and type II. NOG binding to some BMPs inhibits these from combining and thus activating receptors of BMP, therefore, blocking non-Smad and Smad-dependent signaling.
The anti-proliferative noggin has particular effects in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) that are exposed to specifically down regulated hypoxia. This occurs together with the BMP4 up-regulation levels of protein, and this imbalance between NOG and BMP4 consequence results in the activation and development of PAH disease. Our study consists of numerous examinations so as to explore new biomarkers in order to determine onset of PAH, and to discover the relationship between NOG serum level and gender, age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences (WC), smoking, types of PAH primaries and secondaries, as well as their grade.
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Ottino-González J, Jurado MA, García-García I, Segura B, Marqués-Iturria I, Sender-Palacios MJ, Tor E, Prats-Soteras X, Caldú X, Junqué C, Pasternak O, Garolera M. Allostatic load and disordered white matter microstructure in overweight adults. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15898. [PMID: 30367110 PMCID: PMC6203765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and stress are both related to brain structural abnormalities. The allostatic load model states that frequent disruption of homeostasis is inherently linked to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses that in turn can damage the brain. However, the effects of the allostatic load on the central nervous system remain largely unknown. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between the allostatic load and the composition of whole-brain white matter tracts in overweight subjects. Additionally, we have also tested for grey matter changes regarding allostatic load increase. Thirty-one overweight-to-obese adults and 21 lean controls participated in the study. Our results showed that overweight participants presented higher allostatic load indexes. Such increases correlated with lower fractional anisotropy in the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi and the right anterior corona radiata, as well as with grey matter reductions in the left precentral gyrus, the left lateral occipital gyrus, and the right pars opercularis. These results suggest that an otherwise healthy overweight status is linked to long-term biological changes potentially harmful to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ottino-González
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M A Jurado
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - I García-García
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - B Segura
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Marqués-Iturria
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M J Sender-Palacios
- CAP Terrassa Nord, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Brain, Cognition and Behavior Clinical Research Group, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Tor
- CAP Terrassa Nord, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Brain, Cognition and Behavior Clinical Research Group, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Prats-Soteras
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Caldú
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Junqué
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Pasternak
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Garolera
- Unitat de Neuropsicologia, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Brain, Cognition and Behavior Clinical Research Group, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
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Effect of an Education Program on Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes toward Nutrition, Diet Quality, Lifestyle, and Body Composition in Polish Teenagers. The ABC of Healthy Eating Project: Design, Protocol, and Methodology. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101439. [PMID: 30720795 PMCID: PMC6213798 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To increase teenagers’ nutrition knowledge is an important target and has the potential to improve their dietary habits and lifestyle while reducing incidences of obesity-related non-communicable diseases throughout the whole lifespan. This study protocol presents the general approach and details of an assessment of nutritional knowledge, attitudes toward nutrition, diet quality, lifestyle and body composition that have been used to comprehensively evaluate the cross-behavioral patterns covering dietary and lifestyle behaviors in Polish teenagers. The study was designed in two paths as: a cross-sectional study (covering 1569 students) and an education-based intervention study (464 students) with a 9-month follow-up. We describe a short form of the food frequency questionnaire (SF-FFQ4PolishChildren) used to collect data and details of diet-related and lifestyle-related education program, which was developed and implemented by academic researchers involved in the study. We also describe details of the data development and statistical analysis, including multidimensional methods of clustering variables to identify cross-behavioral patterns covering diet and lifestyle. The results of the study will provide evidence-based support for preventive health care to promote normal growth and development of young population and reduce the risk of diet-related diseases in adulthood, by early shaping of adequate dietary and lifestyle behaviors. In the future, well-tailored education programs addressed to teenagers can be created as an important public health action, based on our results.
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Nag N, Pandey V, Putzel PJ, Bhimaraju H, Krishnan S, Jain R. Cross-Modal Health State Estimation. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ... ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA, WITH CO-LOCATED SYMPOSIUM & WORKSHOPS. ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA 2018; 2018:1993-2002. [PMID: 31131378 PMCID: PMC6530992 DOI: 10.1145/3240508.3241913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Individuals create and consume more diverse data about themselves today than any time in history. Sources of this data include wearable devices, images, social media, geo-spatial information and more. A tremendous opportunity rests within cross-modal data analysis that leverages existing domain knowledge methods to understand and guide human health. Especially in chronic diseases, current medical practice uses a combination of sparse hospital based biological metrics (blood tests, expensive imaging, etc.) to understand the evolving health status of an individual. Future health systems must integrate data created at the individual level to better understand health status perpetually, especially in a cybernetic framework. In this work we fuse multiple user created and open source data streams along with established biomedical domain knowledge to give two types of quantitative state estimates of cardiovascular health. First, we use wearable devices to calculate cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), a known quantitative leading predictor of heart disease which is not routinely collected in clinical settings. Second, we estimate inherent genetic traits, living environmental risks, circadian rhythm, and biological metrics from a diverse dataset. Our experimental results on 24 subjects demonstrate how multi-modal data can provide personalized health insight. Understanding the dynamic nature of health status will pave the way for better health based recommendation engines, better clinical decision making and positive lifestyle changes.
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245
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Correa-Rodríguez M, González-Jiménez E, Rueda-Medina B, Tovar-Gálvez MI, Ramírez-Vélez R, Correa-Bautista JE, Schmidt-RioValle J. Dietary inflammatory index and cardiovascular risk factors in Spanish children and adolescents. Res Nurs Health 2018; 41:448-458. [PMID: 30168607 DOI: 10.1002/nur.21904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Dietary inflammatory potential is an established risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events. In this study we analyzed the relation between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and cardiovascular risk factors, based on anthropometric, body composition, blood pressure, and heart rate parameters in children and adolescents. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 428 Spanish schoolchildren (mean age 12.32 ± 1.84), whose DII was calculated, based on a 24-hr diet recall over 3 days. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and body composition analyzed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Blood pressure and heart rate parameters were assessed with an automatic monitor. Pubertal stage was assessed based on Tanner criteria. We analyzed the DII both as a continuous variable and as a category variable based on quartiles. Linear regression analysis revealed that the DII was significantly associated with waist to height ratio (WHtR) (p = .026; B = 0.128, 95% CI [.001-.016]) after adjusting for age, sex, total energy intake, and Tanner stage. All macro- and micronutrient intakes were found to be higher in the DII Q1 (anti-inflammatory diet) except for caffeine. This study provides preliminary evidence of a significant association between the DII and WHtR, an index of cardiovascular risk. The results obtained indicate that the inflammatory potential of the diet may play a role in children and adolescents becoming overweight or developing obesity. Future studies in young people should be conducted to validate and further explore these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, DC 111221, Colombia
| | - Jorge E Correa-Bautista
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, DC 111221, Colombia
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246
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Mohammad FH, Nanji K. Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among the Pakistani Population: Results of a Cross-sectional Survey. Cureus 2018; 10:e3144. [PMID: 30345201 PMCID: PMC6188162 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes is a global issue. The aim of this study was to identify the high-risk population and factors associated with the future development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Family Medicine clinics of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, from July 2016 to February 2017. Patients or patient care attendants aged 21 to 85 years visiting the clinics were included. Individuals with known diabetes or with serious comorbid conditions were excluded. A total of 600 participants were consecutively approached. QDiabetes (an online diabetes risk calculator) was used to measure the risk of developing T2DM. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) was used for data analysis. Results Information from a total of 522 participants was included in the final analysis. Roughly 53% of them were between 25 and 44 years of age. There was a predominance of females (63%). Thirty-eight percent of patients were at high-risk. The factors associated with high risk of T2DM were as follows: age 65 years or greater (Relative risk [RR]: 5.81; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01 to 16.76); female (RR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.05 to 3.28, p = 0.03); a past history of hypertension (RR: 5.11; 95% CI: 2.49 to 10.49); a family history of diabetes (RR: 9.76; 95% CI: 5.49 to 13.35). Conclusion Controlling glucose levels and preventing hyperglycemia is a challenging task due to the increasing trend of a sedentary lifestyle and changes in dietary patterns. Counseling should be provided to caregivers and high-risk patients on the prevention of T2DM including lifestyle modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kashmira Nanji
- Epidemiology and Public Health, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, PAK
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247
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Kaufmann C, Agalawatta N, Outhred T, Malhi GS. Changing body mass index: The need for a more measured approach? Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2018; 52:810-812. [PMID: 30063183 DOI: 10.1177/0004867418791282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Kaufmann
- 1 Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,2 Ramsay Health Care and Northside Group St Leonards Clinic, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Neelya Agalawatta
- 1 Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tim Outhred
- 1 Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,3 Academic Department of Psychiatry, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.,4 CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Gin S Malhi
- 1 Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,3 Academic Department of Psychiatry, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.,4 CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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248
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Hamułka J, Górnicka M, Sulich A, Frąckiewicz J. Weight loss program is associated with decrease α-tocopherol status in obese adults. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:1861-1870. [PMID: 30064845 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Studies on changes in plasma α-tocopherol levels during body fat reduction in obese persons are not clear. The aim of the present study was to assess factors associated with α-tocopherol status in obese people and to examine changes in α-tocopherol status after a 6-week AntioxObesity weight loss program. METHODS The study was conducted in 60 overweight or obese adults, aged 18-54 years old. Food intake data were collected using the 3-day record method and a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements included: height (H), body weight, waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC), body composition: fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM), subcutaneous fat (SF) and visceral fat (VF). Lipid profile, α-tocopherol concentration, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in plasma and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in erythrocytes were determined. RESULTS Energy, fat, and carbohydrate intakes decreased significantly in all subjects (P < 0.001). Body weight, WC, body mass index (BMI), waist-to height ratio (WHtR), and FM, VF and SF decreased significantly during the 6 weeks in all subjects. Plasma α-tocopherol significantly decreased during the program (P = 0.006). No changes were observed for SOD activity, but GPx activity and TAC decreased significantly (P = 0.001; P = 0,023, respectively). Plasma α-tocopherol concentration after 6 weeks of the AntioxObesity program was strongly associated with baseline plasma α-tocopherol, changes in TC, VF and FM. Low α-tocopherol status (<20 μmol/L) was found in 78% of the women and 68% of the men, after 6 weeks of the AntioxObesity program. Men were characterized by a greater decrease in weight, BMI, WC, FM, VF, SF and TAC compared to women. CONCLUSIONS A 6-week weight loss program lowered α-tocopherol status in overweight and obese people. Low baseline α-tocopherol status and adiposity in obese adults negatively affected α-tocopherol status after 6 weeks weight loss program. These results, coupled with excessive weight and low α-tocopherol intake, led to the finding that there was an increased risk of oxidative stress diseases in adults on a reduced diet. Long-term dietary restriction program for obese patients should be monitored to avoid α-tocopherol deficiency, and take into account higher dietary α-tocopherol requirements for obese people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Hamułka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - WULS-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Górnicka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - WULS-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Sulich
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - WULS-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Frąckiewicz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - WULS-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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249
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Luna RCP, Dos Santos Nunes MK, Monteiro MGCA, da Silva CSO, do Nascimento RAF, Lima RPA, Pimenta FCF, de Oliveira NFP, Persuhn DC, de Almeida ATC, da Silva Diniz A, Pissetti CW, Vianna RPT, de Lima Ferreira FEL, Rodrigues Gonçalves MDC, de Carvalho Costa MJ. α-Tocopherol influences glycaemic control and miR-9-3 DNA methylation in overweight and obese women under an energy-restricted diet: a randomized, double-blind, exploratory, controlled clinical trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:49. [PMID: 30008789 PMCID: PMC6042339 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excess weight is a strong risk factor for the development of dysglycaemia. It has been suggested that changes in the metabolism microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, could precede late glycaemic changes. Vitamin E in turn may exert important functions in methylation and gene expression processes. This study aimed to determine the effect of α-tocopherol on glycaemic variables and miR-9-1 and miR-9-3 promoter DNA methylation in overweight women. Methods A randomized, double-blind, exploratory, placebo-controlled study was conducted in overweight and obese adult women (n = 44) who ingested synthetic vitamin E (all-rac-α-tocopherol), natural source vitamin E (RRR-rac-α-tocopherol) or placebo capsules and were followed up for a period of 8 weeks. Supplemented groups also received dietary guidance for an energy-restricted diet. An additional group that received no supplementation and did not follow an energy-restricted diet was also followed up. The intervention effect was evaluated by DNA methylation levels (quantitative real-time PCR assay) and anthropometric and biochemical variables (fasting plasma glucose, haemoglobin A1C, insulin, and vitamin E). Results Increased methylation levels of the miR-9-3 promoter region (P < 0.001) and reduced haemoglobin A1C (P < 0.05) were observed in the natural source vitamin E group after intervention. Increased fasting plasma glucose was observed in the synthetic vitamin E group, despite the significant reduction of anthropometric variables compared to the other groups. Conclusions α-Tocopherol from natural sources increased methylation levels of the miR-9-3 promoter region and reduced haemoglobin A1C in overweight women following an energy-restricted diet. These results provide novel information about the influence of vitamin E on DNA methylation. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02922491. Registered 4 October, 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12986-018-0286-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella Cristhine Pordeus Luna
- 1Postgraduate in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil.,10Postgraduate in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Health and Nutrition Studies Interdisciplinary Center (NIESN), Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), Castelo Branco, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil
| | - Mayara Karla Dos Santos Nunes
- 2Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58059-900 Brazil
| | - Mussara Gomes Cavalcante Alves Monteiro
- 1Postgraduate in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil
| | - Cássia Surama Oliveira da Silva
- 3Health and Nutrition Studies Interdisciplinary Center, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil
| | - Rayner Anderson Ferreira do Nascimento
- 2Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58059-900 Brazil
| | - Raquel Patrícia Ataíde Lima
- 1Postgraduate in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil
| | - Flávia Cristina Fernandes Pimenta
- 4Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil
| | - Naila Francis Paulo de Oliveira
- 5Departament of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, 58059-900 Paraíba Brasil
| | - Darlene Camati Persuhn
- 1Postgraduate in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil.,2Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58059-900 Brazil.,5Departament of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, 58059-900 Paraíba Brasil
| | - Aléssio Tony Cavalcanti de Almeida
- 6Department of Economics, Postgraduate Program in Applied Economics and Economics of the Public Sector, Center for Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58059-900 Brazil
| | - Alcides da Silva Diniz
- 7Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco 50670901 Brazil
| | - Cristina Wide Pissetti
- 8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Pinheiro Toledo Vianna
- 9Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil
| | - Flavia Emília Leite de Lima Ferreira
- 9Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil
| | - Maria da Conceição Rodrigues Gonçalves
- 1Postgraduate in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil.,9Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil
| | - Maria José de Carvalho Costa
- 1Postgraduate in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil.,9Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba), João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900 Brazil
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250
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Shalnova SA, Deev AD, Muromtseva GA, Balanova JA, Imaeva AE, Kapustina AV, Evstifeeva SE, Shepel RN, Rotar OP, Nedogoda SV, Shabunova AA, Chernykh TM, Romanchuk SV, Indukaeva EV, Grinstein YI, Libis RA, Duplyakov DV, Trubacheva IA, Efanov AY, Tolparov GV, Kulakova NV, Shlyakhto EV, Boytsov SA, Drapkina OM. RELATION OF ANTHROPOMETRIC INDEXES AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2018. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2018-3-11-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
An epidemics of obesity in the world during recent two decades, has already led to increased prevalence of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, oncological diseases, etc. Obesity is assessed with a variety of indexes, and recently the number of such tools was added with the two additional: visceral obesity index (VOI) and index of lipid products deposition (ILPD). The aim of the study — evaluation of the relation of anthropometric parameters with coronary heart disease. Materials of the study were representative selections from 13 regions of the ESSE-RF trial. In analysis of associations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), relation of WC to height (WC/height x 100), VOI and IPLD with correction on the age and region, it was found that all studied parameters are significantly correlated with ischemic heart disease, however when the main risk factors were added, only two remained — odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for: WC/height×100 — 1,030 (1,019;1,040) (р<0,0001) and VOI — 1,053 (1,020;1,087) (р<0,0015) in males and WC/height×100 — 1,027 (1,021;1,033) (р<0,0001) and VOI — 1,052 (1,022;1,083) (р<0,0007) in females. It is important to note almost identical values of odds ratio for the indexes in both sexes. Reliability of the models obtained is confirmed by ROC analysis, where the area under curve for males was 0,68 and for females 0,67. The results witness on legitimacy of search for novel parameters of obesity that would have good reproducibility and are also simple and easy to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Shalnova
- National Medical Research Centre for Preventive Medicine
| | - A. D. Deev
- National Medical Research Centre for Preventive Medicine
| | | | - J. A. Balanova
- National Medical Research Centre for Preventive Medicine
| | - A. E. Imaeva
- National Medical Research Centre for Preventive Medicine
| | | | | | - R. N. Shepel
- National Medical Research Centre for Preventive Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - E. V. Indukaeva
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - Y. I. Grinstein
- Krasnoyarsk State Medical University n.a. Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky
| | | | | | - I. A. Trubacheva
- Research Institute for Cardiology under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | | | - O. M. Drapkina
- National Medical Research Centre for Preventive Medicine
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