201
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Blaes AH, Domingo-Musibay E, Kalinsky K. Propranolol: What is BLOCKing Its Clinical Investigation in Breast Cancer? Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:1781-1783. [PMID: 32029438 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-3818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Presurgical propranolol modulates biomarkers associated with breast cancer progression. β-adrenergic signaling promotes invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition phenotype, and immune cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. Blockade of the β-adrenergic receptor signaling with propranolol, along with potential future combinatorial strategies, holds promise for reducing breast cancer progression and metastasis.See related article by Hiller et al., p. 1803.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne H Blaes
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Kevin Kalinsky
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. .,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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202
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Li X, Turanli B, Juszczak K, Kim W, Arif M, Sato Y, Ogawa S, Turkez H, Nielsen J, Boren J, Uhlen M, Zhang C, Mardinoglu A. Classification of clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on PKM alternative splicing. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03440. [PMID: 32095654 PMCID: PMC7033363 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts for 70-80% of kidney cancer diagnoses and displays high molecular and histologic heterogeneity. Hence, it is necessary to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in progression of ccRCC to better stratify the patients and design effective treatment strategies. Here, we analyzed the survival outcome of ccRCC patients as a consequence of the differential expression of four transcript isoforms of the pyruvate kinase muscle type (PKM). We first extracted a classification biomarker consisting of eight gene pairs whose within-sample relative expression orderings (REOs) could be used to robustly classify the patients into two groups with distinct molecular characteristics and survival outcomes. Next, we validated our findings in a validation cohort and an independent Japanese ccRCC cohort. We finally performed drug repositioning analysis based on transcriptomic expression profiles of drug-perturbed cancer cell lines and proposed that paracetamol, nizatidine, dimethadione and conessine can be repurposed to treat the patients in one of the subtype of ccRCC whereas chenodeoxycholic acid, fenoterol and hexylcaine can be repurposed to treat the patients in the other subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Li
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Beste Turanli
- Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kajetan Juszczak
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Woonghee Kim
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Boren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlen
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Dental Institute, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
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203
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Emotional distress, brain functioning, and biobehavioral processes in cancer patients: a neuroimaging review and future directions. CNS Spectr 2020; 25:79-100. [PMID: 31010446 DOI: 10.1017/s1092852918001621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite emerging evidence that distress and adversity can contribute to negative health outcomes in cancer, little is known about the brain networks, regions, or circuits that can contribute to individual differences in affect/distress states and health outcomes in treated cancer patients. To understand the state-of-the-science in this regard, we reviewed neuroimaging studies with cancer patients that examined the associations between negative affect (distress) and changes in the metabolism or structure of brain regions. Cancer patients showed changes in function and/or structure of key brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex, thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate cortex (mainly subgenual area), hypothalamus, basal ganglia (striatum and caudate), and insula, which are associated with greater anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and distress. These results provide insights for understanding the effects of these psychological and emotional factors on peripheral stress-related biobehavioral pathways known to contribute to cancer progression and long-term health outcomes. This line of work provides leads for understanding the brain-mediated mechanisms that may explain the health effects of psychosocial interventions in cancer patients and survivors. A multilevel and integrated model for distress management intervention effects on psychological adaptation, biobehavioral processes, cancer pathogenesis, and clinical outcomes is proposed for future research.
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204
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Wang Z, Zhao Y, An Z, Li W. Molecular Links Between Angiogenesis and Neuroendocrine Phenotypes in Prostate Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1491. [PMID: 32039001 PMCID: PMC6985539 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common therapy for prostate cancer, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is effective for the majority of patients. However, prolonged ADT promotes drug resistance and progression to an aggressive variant with reduced androgen receptor signaling, so called neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). Until present, NEPC is still poorly understood, and lethal with no effective treatments. Elevated expression of neuroendocrine related markers and increased angiogenesis are two prominent phenotypes of NEPC, and both of them are positively associated with cancers progression. However, direct molecular links between the two phenotypes in NEPC and their mechanisms remain largely unclear. Their elucidation should substantially expand our knowledge in NEPC. This knowledge, in turn, would facilitate the development of effective NEPC treatments. We recently showed that a single critical pathway regulates both ADT-enhanced angiogenesis and elevated expression of neuroendocrine markers. This pathway consists of CREB1, EZH2, and TSP1. Here, we seek new insights to identify molecules common to pathways promoting angiogenesis and neuroendocrine phenotypes in prostate cancer. To this end, our focus is to summarize the literature on proteins reported to regulate both neuroendocrine marker expression and angiogenesis as potential molecular links. These proteins, often described in separate biological contexts or diseases, include AURKA and AURKB, CHGA, CREB1, EZH2, FOXA2, GRK3, HIF1, IL-6, MYCN, ONECUT2, p53, RET, and RB1. We also present the current efforts in prostate cancer or other diseases to target some of these proteins, which warrants testing for NEPC, given the urgent unmet need in treating this aggressive variant of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yicheng Zhao
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Wenliang Li
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX, United States
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205
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Chen G, Fan X, Li Y, He L, Wang S, Dai Y, Bin C, Zhou D, Lin H. Promoter aberrant methylation status of ADRA1A is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Epigenetics 2020; 15:684-701. [PMID: 31933413 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1709267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to explore the relationship between the methylation status of the alpha-1A adrenergic receptor (ADRA1A) gene and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We combined our in-house data-set with the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data-set to screen and identify the methylation status and expression of adrenergic receptor (AR) genes in HCC. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were performed to assess the expression of ADRA1A in HCC cell lines and tissues. We further evaluated the methylation levels of the ADRA1A promoter region in 160 HCC patients using the Sequenom MassARRAY® platform and investigated the association between methylation of ADRA1A and clinical characteristics. The expression levels of ADRA1A mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in HCC tissues. Compared with that in paired normal tissues, the mean methylation level of the ADRA1A promoter region was significantly increased in tumour tissues from 160 HCC patients (25.2% vs. 17.0%, P < 0.0001). We found that a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (decitabine) could increase the expression of ADRA1A mRNA in HCC cell lines. Moreover, hypermethylation of the ADRA1A gene in HCC samples was associated with clinical characteristics, including alcohol intake (P = 0.0097) and alpha-fetoprotein (P = 0.0411). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that the mean methylation levels of ADRA1A could discriminate between HCC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (AUC = 0.700, P < 0.0001). mRNA sequencing indicated that the main enriched pathways were pathways in cancer, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and metabolic pathways (P < 0.01). ADRA1A gene hypermethylation might contribute to HCC initiation and is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Yirun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Lifeng He
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanjuan Wang
- Department of gastroenterology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences , Shanghai, China
| | - Yili Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Cui Bin
- College of life science and technology, Nanyang Normal University , Nanyang, China
| | - Daizhan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
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206
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González CR, González B. Exploring the Stress Impact in the Paternal Germ Cells Epigenome: Can Catecholamines Induce Epigenetic Reprogramming? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:630948. [PMID: 33679612 PMCID: PMC7933579 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.630948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is characterized by unique epigenetic programs that enable chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation for proper meiotic divisions and germ cells maturation. Paternal lifestyle stressors such as diet, drug abuse, or psychological trauma can directly impact the germ cell epigenome and transmit phenotypes to the next generation, pointing to the importance of epigenetic regulation during spermatogenesis. It is established that environmental perturbations can affect the development and behavior of the offspring through epigenetic inheritance, including changes in small non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation, and histones post-translational modifications. But how male germ cells react to lifestyle stressors and encode them in the paternal epigenome is still a research gap. Most lifestyle stressors activate catecholamine circuits leading to both acute and long-term changes in neural functions, and epigenetic mechanisms show strong links to both long-term and rapid, dynamic gene expression regulation during stress. Importantly, the testis shares a molecular and transcriptional signature with the brain tissue, including a rich expression of catecholaminergic elements in germ cells that seem to respond to stressors with similar epigenetic and transcriptional profiles. In this minireview, we put on stage the action of catecholamines as possible mediators between paternal stress responses and epigenetic marks alterations during spermatogenesis. Understanding the epigenetic regulation in spermatogenesis will contribute to unravel the coding mechanisms in the transmission of the biological impacts of stress between generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candela R. González
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Betina González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (Universidad de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Betina González,
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207
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Seiler A, von Känel R, Slavich GM. The Psychobiology of Bereavement and Health: A Conceptual Review From the Perspective of Social Signal Transduction Theory of Depression. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:565239. [PMID: 33343412 PMCID: PMC7744468 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.565239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Losing a spouse is considered one of the most stressful life events a person can experience. Particularly in the immediate weeks and months after the loss, bereavement is associated with a significantly increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Despite an abundance of research aimed at identifying risk factors for adverse health outcomes following marital death, the mechanisms through which mental and physical health problems emerge following bereavement remain poorly understood. To address this issue, the present review examines several pathways that may link bereavement and health, including inflammation and immune dysregulation, genetic and epigenetic changes, gut microbiota activity, and biological aging. We then describe how these processes may be viewed from the perspective of the Social Signal Transduction Theory of Depression to provide a novel framework for understanding individual differences in long-term trajectories of adjustment to interpersonal loss. Finally, we discuss several avenues for future research on psychobiological mechanisms linking bereavement with mental and physical health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annina Seiler
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George M Slavich
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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208
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β-Adrenergic Signaling in Lung Cancer: A Potential Role for Beta-Blockers. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2019; 15:27-36. [PMID: 31828732 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer results in more patient deaths each year than any other cancer type. Additional treatment strategies are needed to improve clinical responses to approved treatment modalities and prevent the emergence of resistant disease. Catecholamines including norepinephrine and epinephrine are elevated as a result of chronic stress and mediate their physiological effects through activation of adrenergic receptors on target tissues. Lung cancer cells express β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs), and numerous preclinical studies indicate that β2-AR signaling on lung cancer cells facilities cellular programs including proliferation, motility, apoptosis resistance, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, and the acquisition of an angiogenic and immunosuppressive phenotype. Here, we review the preclinical and clinical evidence supporting a potential role for beta-blockers in improving the clinical outcome of lung cancer patients. Graphical Abstract Catecholamines including norepinephrine and epinephrine act of β-ARs expressed on NSCLC tumor cells and activate pathways regulating tumor progression.
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209
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Duckett MM, Phung SK, Nguyen L, Khammanivong A, Dickerson E, Dusenbery K, Lawrence J. The adrenergic receptor antagonists propranolol and carvedilol decrease bone sarcoma cell viability and sustained carvedilol reduces clonogenic survival and increases radiosensitivity in canine osteosarcoma cells. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:128-140. [PMID: 31778284 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adrenergic receptor (AR) expression has been demonstrated at several sites of primary and metastatic tumour growth and may influence proliferation, survival, metastasis and angiogenesis. AR antagonists like propranolol and carvedilol inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and synergize with chemotherapy agents in some cancers. Radiation resistance is mediated in many cells by upregulation of pro-survival pathways, which may be influenced by ARs. Studies evaluating AR antagonists combined with radiation are limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of propranolol and carvedilol on viability and radiosensitivity in sarcoma cell lines. The hypothesis was that propranolol and carvedilol would increase radiosensitivity in four primary bone sarcoma cell lines. Single agent propranolol or carvedilol inhibited cell viability in all cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. The mean inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) for carvedilol were approximately 4-fold lower than propranolol and may be clinically relevant in vivo. Immunoblot analysis confirmed AR expression in both human and canine sarcoma cell lines; however, there was no correlation between baseline AR protein expression and radiosensitivity. Short duration treatment with carvedilol and propranolol did not significantly affect clonogenic survival. Prolonged exposure to propranolol and carvedilol significantly decreased the surviving fraction of canine osteosarcoma cells after 3Gy radiation. Based on our results and possible in vivo activity in dogs, further studies investigating the effects of carvedilol on sarcoma are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Duckett
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota
| | - Shee Kwan Phung
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota
| | - Linh Nguyen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota
| | - Ali Khammanivong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, Masonic Cancer Research Building, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Erin Dickerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, Masonic Cancer Research Building, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kathryn Dusenbery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jessica Lawrence
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, Masonic Cancer Research Building, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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210
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Fumagalli C, Maurizi N, Marchionni N, Fornasari D. β-blockers: Their new life from hypertension to cancer and migraine. Pharmacol Res 2019; 151:104587. [PMID: 31809852 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological class of β-blockers includes a plea of molecules with largely different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics with a protective effect that may span far beyond the cardiovascular system. Although all these compounds share the pharmacological blockade of the adrenergic receptors, each of them is characterized by specific pharmacological properties, including selectivity of action depending on the adrenergic receptors subtypes, intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA), lipid solubility, pharmacokinetic profile, and also other ancillary properties that impact their clinical effect. Their use in the treatment of hypertension has been extensively debated and at the moment a class indication is not present. However, in specific niche of patients, such as in those young individuals in which hypertension is mainly driven by a sympathetic hyperactivation, strong evidence pose β-Blockers as a highly reasonable first-line treatment. Lipophilic β-blockers, specifically propranolol and metoprolol, can cross the Blood Brain Barrier and have a Class A indication for the prophylactic treatment of migraine attacks. Moreover, since β-adrenergic receptors affect the proliferative process of both cancer and immune cells, their blockade has been associated with metastasis reduction in several epithelial and solid organ tumors posing β-Blockers as a new attractive, inexpensive and relatively safe therapeutic strategy in patients with several types of cancer. However, further dedicated prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled studies are needed to determine the real efficacy of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Fumagalli
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Maurizi
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Italy; Hopital du Valais, Department of Internal Medicine, Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Niccolò Marchionni
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Diego Fornasari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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211
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Mohammadpour H, MacDonald CR, Qiao G, Chen M, Dong B, Hylander BL, McCarthy PL, Abrams SI, Repasky EA. β2 adrenergic receptor-mediated signaling regulates the immunosuppressive potential of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:5537-5552. [PMID: 31566578 PMCID: PMC6877316 DOI: 10.1172/jci129502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Catecholamines released by sympathetic nerves can activate adrenergic receptors present on nearly every cell type, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Using in vitro systems, murine tumor models in wild-type and genetically modified (β2-AR-/-) mice, and adoptive transfer approaches, we found that the degree of β2-AR signaling significantly influences MDSC frequency and survival in tumors and other tissues. It also modulates their expression of immunosuppressive molecules such as arginase-I and PD-L1 and alters their ability to suppress the proliferation of T cells. The regulatory functions of β2-AR signaling in MDSCs were also found to be dependent upon STAT3 phosphorylation. Moreover, we observed that the β2-AR-mediated increase in MDSC survival is dependent upon Fas-FasL interactions, and this is consistent with gene expression analyses, which reveal a greater expression of apoptosis-related genes in β2-AR-/- MDSCs. Our data reveal the potential of β2-AR signaling to increase the generation of MDSCs from both murine and human peripheral blood cells and that the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs can be mitigated by treatment with β-AR antagonists, or enhanced by β-AR agonists. This strongly supports the possibility that reducing stress-induced activation of β2-ARs could help to overcome immune suppression and enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy and other cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Philip L. McCarthy
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
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212
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Wu Z, Zhang X, He Z, Hou L. Identifying candidate diagnostic markers for early stage of non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225080. [PMID: 31726467 PMCID: PMC6855900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a series of bioinformatics analysis on a set of important gene expression data with 76 samples in early stage of non-small cell lung cancer, including 40 adenocarcinoma samples, 16 squamous cell carcinoma samples and 20 normal samples. In order to identify the specific markers for diagnosis, we compared the two subtypes with the normal samples respectively to determine the gene expression characteristics. Through the multi-dimensional scaling classification, we found that the samples were clustered well according to the disease cases. Based on the classification results and using empirical Bayes moderation and treat method, 486 important genes associated with the disease were identified. We constructed gene functions and gene pathways to verify our result and explain the pathogenicity factor and process. We generated a protein-protein interaction network based on the mutual interaction between the selected genes and found that the top thirteen hub genes were highly associated with lung cancer or some other cancers including five newly found genes through our method. The results of this study indicated that contrast on the gene expression between different subtypes and normal samples provides important information for the detection of non-small cell lung cancer and helps exploration of the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhihui He
- Department of Pediatric Respiration, Chongqing Ninth People’s Hospital, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Liyun Hou
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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213
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Martyn GV, Shurin GV, Keskinov AA, Bunimovich YL, Shurin MR. Schwann cells shape the neuro-immune environs and control cancer progression. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:1819-1829. [PMID: 30607548 PMCID: PMC11028256 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-02296-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
At present, significant experimental and clinical data confirm the active involvement of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) in different phases of cancer development and progression. Most of the research effort focuses on the impact of distinct neuronal types, e.g., adrenergic, cholinergic, dopaminergic, etc. in carcinogenesis, generally ignoring neuroglia. The very fact that these cells far outnumber the other cellular types may also play an important role worthy of study in this context. The most prevalent neuroglia within the PNS consists of Schwann cells (SCs). These cells play a substantial role in maintaining homeostasis within the nervous system. They possess distinct immunomodulatory, inflammatory and regenerative capacities-also, one should consider their broad distribution throughout the body; this makes them a perfect target for malignant cells during the initial stages of cancer development and the very formation of the tumor microenvironment itself. We show that SCs in the tumor milieu attract different subsets of immune regulators and augment their ability to suppress effector T cells. SCs may also up-regulate invasiveness of tumor cells and support metastatic disease. We outline the interactive potential of SCs juxtaposed with cancerous cells, referring to data from various external sources alongside data of our own.
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Affiliation(s)
- German V Martyn
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Galina V Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anton A Keskinov
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks, Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri L Bunimovich
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael R Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Clinical Immunopathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Clinical Lab Bldg, Room 4024, 3477 Euler Way, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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214
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Colon-Echevarria CB, Lamboy-Caraballo R, Aquino-Acevedo AN, Armaiz-Pena GN. Neuroendocrine Regulation of Tumor-Associated Immune Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1077. [PMID: 31737559 PMCID: PMC6828842 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting preclinical and clinical evidence continues to support a role for the neuroendocrine system in the modulation of tumor biology and progression. Several studies have shown data supporting a link between chronic stress and cancer progression. Dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been implicated in promoting angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and survival, alteration of the immune response and exacerbating inflammatory networks in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we review how SNS and HPA dysregulation contributes to disturbances in immune cell populations, modifies cancer biology, and impacts immunotherapy response. We also highlight several interventions aimed at circumventing the adverse effects stress has on cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia B Colon-Echevarria
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, United States
| | - Rocio Lamboy-Caraballo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, United States
| | - Alexandra N Aquino-Acevedo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, United States
| | - Guillermo N Armaiz-Pena
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, United States.,Divisions of Cancer Biology and Women's Health, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR, United States
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215
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Hylander BL, Gordon CJ, Repasky EA. Manipulation of Ambient Housing Temperature To Study the Impact of Chronic Stress on Immunity and Cancer in Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:631-636. [PMID: 30670578 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mice are the preeminent research organism in which to model human diseases and study the involvement of the immune response. Rapidly accumulating evidence indicates a significant involvement of stress hormones in cancer progression, resistance to therapies, and suppression of immune responses. As a result, there has been a concerted effort to model human stress in mice. In this article, we discuss recent literature showing how mice in research facilities are chronically stressed at baseline because of environmental factors. Focusing on housing temperature, we suggest that the stress of cool housing temperatures contributes to the impact of other imposed experimental stressors and therefore has a confounding effect on mouse stress models. Furthermore, we propose that manipulation of housing temperature is a useful approach for studying the impact of chronic stress on disease and the immune response and for testing therapeutic methods of reducing the negative effects of chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie L Hylander
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Christopher J Gordon
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Elizabeth A Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
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216
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Coelho M, Imperatori A, Chiaravalli AM, Franzi F, Castiglioni M, Rasini E, Luini A, Legnaro M, Marino F, Ribeiro L, Cosentino M. Beta1- and Beta2-Adrenoceptors Expression Patterns in Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Relationship with Cancer Histology. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2019; 14:697-708. [PMID: 31620969 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09879-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of Beta-AR protein expression on tumour tissues might be a plausible strategy to select cancer patients who can benefit from Beta-blockers therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the differences between resected tissue specimens from primary lung cancer (adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)) in terms of expression pattern of Beta1- and Beta2-AR in both tumour and adjacent surrounding non-tumour tissue. This retrospective study was based on the analysis of 80 patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of primary Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) who received surgical treatment. The cases were carefully selected in order to obtain the most homogeneous sample in terms of histologic subtype (40 ADCs and 40 SCCs) and clinical stage (10 each). Beta1- and Beta2-AR expression was determined by immunohistochemistry and the staining evaluated by semi-quantitative scoring using the H-score method. In our NSCLC series, Beta1- and Beta2-AR are differentially expressed. Beta1-AR expression is present at low levels in both SCC and ADC. Likewise, when compared with the matched surrounding non-tumour tissues, Beta1-AR expression level was significantly lower in both histologic subtypes. Conversely, Beta2-AR is highly expressed in both histologic subtypes, but clearly highly expressed in ADC when compared with SCC and with their matched surrounding non-tumour tissue. Overall, this clinicopathological study highlights the differential expression of Beta1- and Beta2-AR in ADC and SCC. Repurposing non-selective Beta-blockers in oncologic setting might be a suitable therapeutic strategy for lung ADC. Graphical abstract.
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MESH Headings
- A549 Cells
- Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/biosynthesis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/genetics
- Retrospective Studies
- S Phase/drug effects
- S Phase/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Coelho
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, s/n, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
- Center of Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Via Monte Generoso 71, 21100, Varese, Italy.
| | - Andrea Imperatori
- Center for Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, ASST Sette Laghi, University of Insubria, via Guicciardini 9, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Chiaravalli
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, ASST Sette Laghi, University of Insubria, via Rossi 9, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesca Franzi
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, ASST Sette Laghi, University of Insubria, via Rossi 9, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Massimo Castiglioni
- Center for Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, ASST Sette Laghi, University of Insubria, via Guicciardini 9, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Emanuela Rasini
- Center of Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Via Monte Generoso 71, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Alessandra Luini
- Center of Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Via Monte Generoso 71, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Legnaro
- Center of Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Via Monte Generoso 71, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Franca Marino
- Center of Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Via Monte Generoso 71, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Laura Ribeiro
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, s/n, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco Cosentino
- Center of Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Via Monte Generoso 71, 21100, Varese, Italy
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217
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Mravec B, Tibensky M. Increased cancer risk in polycystic ovary syndrome: An (un)sympathetic connection? Med Hypotheses 2019; 134:109437. [PMID: 31655360 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been shown to have a higher incidence of cancer. It is suggested that several factors, including hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, raised estrogen levels, chronic inflammation, and reduced apoptosis are responsible for this association. However, in this paper we propose the hypothesis that increased sympathetic activity may represent an important factor that interconnects PCOS and cancer. This hypothesis is based on two facts: a) in women with PCOS is found sympathetic hyperactivity and b) recent data showing a stimulatory effect of the sympathetic system on cancer initiation, progression, and development of metastases. If our hypothesis is correct, then new preventive approaches might be used to reduce cancer risk in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Mravec
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia; Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Miroslav Tibensky
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia; Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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218
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, He Z, Yin K, Li B, Zhang L, Xu Z. Chronic stress promotes gastric cancer progression and metastasis: an essential role for ADRB2. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:788. [PMID: 31624248 PMCID: PMC6797812 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies indicate that adrenergic signalling plays a fundamental role in chronic stress-induced tumour progression and metastasis. However, its function in gastric cancer (GC) and its potential mechanisms remain unknown. The expression levels of β-adrenergic receptor (ADRB) in GC cell lines were examined by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. The effects of β2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) activation and blockade were investigated in vitro in GC cells by using proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle and apoptosis assays. Chronic restraint stress (CRS) increased the plasma levels of catecholamines and cortisol and also induced progression and metastasis of GC in vivo. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining and a TUNEL assay were employed to observe the regulation of cell viability in vivo. The expression levels of ADRB2 in 100 human GC samples were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine significantly accelerated GC cell proliferation, invasion and viability in culture, as well as tumour growth in vivo. These effects were reversed by the ADRB antagonists propranolol and ICI118,551 (an ADRB2-specific antagonist). Moreover, the selective ADRB1 antagonist atenolol had almost no effect on tumour cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. ADRB2 antagonists suppressed proliferation, invasion and metastasis by inhibiting the ERK1/2-JNK-MAPK pathway and transcription factors, such as NF-κB, AP-1, CREB and STAT3. Analysis of xenograft models using GC cells revealed that ADRB2 antagonists significantly inhibited tumour growth and metastasis, and chronic stress antagonized these inhibitory effects. In addition, chronic stress increased the expression of VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-7 and MMP-9 in transplanted tumour tissue, and catecholamine hormones enhanced the expression of metastasis-related proteins. The expression of ADRB2 was upregulated in tumour tissues and positively correlated with tumour size, histological grade, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage in human GC samples. Stress hormone-induced activation of the ADRB2 signalling pathway plays a crucial role in GC progression and metastasis. These findings indicate that ADRB2 signalling regulates GC progression and suggest β2 blockade as a novel strategy to complement existing therapies for GC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Movement/physiology
- Cell Proliferation/physiology
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Heterografts
- Humans
- MAP Kinase Signaling System
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism
- Stomach Neoplasms/pathology
- Stress, Physiological/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221002, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Zhongyuan He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212013, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China.
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219
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Mravec B, Tibensky M, Horvathova L, Babal P. E-Cigarettes and Cancer Risk. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2019; 13:137-144. [PMID: 31619443 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
From the time of their introduction, the popularity of e-cigarettes (electronic nicotine-delivery systems) has been rising. This trend may reflect the general belief that e-cigarettes are a less hazardous alternative to combustible cigarettes. However, the potential cancer-related effects of increased activation of the sympathoadrenal system induced by the inhalation of nicotine, the primary component of the e-cigarettes, are completely overlooked. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe mechanisms that may connect the use of e-cigarettes and an increased risk for cancer development, as well as their stimulatory effect on cancer progression. Available preclinical data indicate that activation of the sympathetic nervous system by nicotine inhaled from e-cigarettes may stimulate cancer development and growth by several mechanisms. This issue might be especially important for oncological patients as they may have the misconception that compared with combustible cigarettes, e-cigarettes represent a risk-free alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Mravec
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia. .,Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Tibensky
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia.,Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubica Horvathova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavel Babal
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
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220
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Bustamante P, Miyamoto D, Goyeneche A, de Alba Graue PG, Jin E, Tsering T, Dias AB, Burnier MN, Burnier JV. Beta-blockers exert potent anti-tumor effects in cutaneous and uveal melanoma. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7265-7277. [PMID: 31588689 PMCID: PMC6885887 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melanoma is a life‐threatening group of cancers mainly affecting the skin (cutaneous melanoma, CM) and the eyes (uveal melanoma, UM). Nearly half of patients with UM develop liver metastases regardless of the primary treatment. For this reason, adjuvant therapy to prevent disease progression is essential to improve survival of patients with melanoma. Beta‐adrenoceptors (β‐AR) have emerged as novel targets to inhibit tumor growth and dissemination in CM, but have not been investigated in UM. Methods The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the effects of a non‐selective β‐blocker in UM and CM. Propranolol was tested on four UM and two CM cell lines to determine the effects of this beta‐blocker. The expression of β‐AR in UM was assessed in enucleated eyes of 36 patients. Results The results showed that propranolol exerts potent anti‐proliferative effects, attenuates migration, reduces VEGF and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in both UM and CM in a dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, levels of cell‐free DNA released from the cells correlated to propranolol treatment and may be an indicator of treatment response. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis revealed the expression of β1 and β2 adrenoceptors in all UM patients, with higher expression seen in the more aggressive epithelioid versus less aggressive spindle cells. Conclusions Collectively our data suggest that a nonselective beta‐blocker may be effective against melanoma. For the first time, we show potent anti‐tumor effects in UM cells following propranolol administration and expression of β1 and β2 adrenoceptors in patient tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prisca Bustamante
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Denise Miyamoto
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alicia Goyeneche
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Eva Jin
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thupten Tsering
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ana Beatriz Dias
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Miguel N Burnier
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julia V Burnier
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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221
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Xia Y, Wei Y, Li ZY, Cai XY, Zhang LL, Dong XR, Zhang S, Zhang RG, Meng R, Zhu F, Wu G. Catecholamines contribute to the neovascularization of lung cancer via tumor-associated macrophages. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:111-121. [PMID: 31176001 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Elevated catecholamines in the tumor microenvironment often correlate with tumor development. However, the mechanisms by which catecholamines modulate lung cancer growth are still poorly understood. This study is aimed at examining the functions and mechanisms of catecholamine-induced macrophage polarization in angiogenesis and tumor development. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We established in vitro and in vivo models to investigate the relationship between catecholamines and macrophages in lung cancer. Flow cytometry, cytokine detection, tube formation assay, immunofluorescence, and western blot analysis were performed, and animal models were also used to explore the underlying mechanism of catecholamine-induced macrophage polarization and host immunological response. RESULTS Catecholamines were shown to be secreted into tumor under the control of the sympathetic nerve system to maintain the pro-tumoral microenvironment. In vivo, the chemical depletion of the natural catecholamine stock with 6OHDA could reduce the release of catecholamines within tumor tissues, restrain the function of alternatively activated M2 macrophage, attenuate tumor neovascularization, and inhibit tumor growth. In vitro, catecholamine treatment triggered the M2 polarization of macrophages, enhanced the expression of VEGF, promoted tumor angiogenesis, and these catecholamine-stimulated effects could be reversed by the adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol. In addition to regulating tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) recruitment, decreasing catecholamine levels could also shift the immunosuppressive microenvironment by decreasing myeloid-derived suppressor cells' (MDSCs) recruitment and facilitating dendritic cells' (DCs) activation, potentially resulting in a positive antitumor immune response. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates the potential of adrenergic stress and catecholamine-driven adrenergic signaling of TAMs to regulate the immune status of a tumor microenvironment and provides promising targets for anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xia
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ye Wei
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xian-Yi Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li-Ling Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Dong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Rui-Guang Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Rui Meng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Gang Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Fatima S, Hu X, Huang C, Zhang W, Cai J, Huang M, Gong RH, Chen M, Ho AHM, Su T, Wong HLX, Bian Z, Kwan HY. High-fat diet feeding and palmitic acid increase CRC growth in β2AR-dependent manner. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:711. [PMID: 31558710 PMCID: PMC6763436 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiology studies indicate that consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) is directly associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the exact component in HFD and the mechanism underlying its effect on CRC growth remained unclear. Our study shows that HFD feeding increases β2AR expression in the xenograft tissues of CRC-bearing mouse model; the elevated β2AR expression is reduced when HFD is replaced by control diet, which strongly suggests an association between HFD feeding and β2AR expression in CRC. HFD feeding increases palmitic acid and stearic acid levels in CRC; however, only palmitic acid increases β2AR expression, which is dependent upon Sp1. β2AR plays the dominant role in promoting CRC cell proliferation among all the β-AR subtypes. More importantly, knockout of β2AR or knockdown of Sp1 abolishes the palmitic acid increased CRC cell proliferation, suggesting palmitic acid increases CRC cell proliferation in β2AR-dependent manner. HFD or palmitic acid-rich diet (PAD) also fails to increase the tumor growth in xenograft mouse models bearing β2AR-knockout CRC cells. β2AR promotes CRC growth by increasing the phosphorylation of HSL at the residue S552. The phosphorylated and activated HSL (S552) changes the metabolic phenotype of CRC and increases energy production, which promotes CRC growth. Our study has revealed the unique tumorigenic properties of palmitic acid in promoting CRC growth, and have delineated the underlying mechanism of action. We are also the first to report the linkage between HFD feeding and β-adrenergic signaling pathway in relation to CRC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwat Fatima
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xianjing Hu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chunhua Huang
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weixiong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
- Research Center for Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Huang
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui-Hong Gong
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Minting Chen
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alan H M Ho
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Su
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Hoi Leong Xavier Wong
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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223
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Shi B, Wang L, Yan C, Chen D, Liu M, Li P. Nonlinear heart rate variability biomarkers for gastric cancer severity: A pilot study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13833. [PMID: 31554856 PMCID: PMC6761171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying prognostic factors by affordable tools is crucial for guiding gastric cancer (GC) treatments especially at earlier stages for timing interventions. The autonomic function that is clinically assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) is involved in tumorigenesis. This pilot study was aimed to examine whether nonlinear indices of HRV can be biomarkers of GC severity. Sixty-one newly-diagnosed GC patients were enrolled. Presurgical serum fibrinogen (FIB), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA199) were examined. Resting electrocardiogram (ECG) of 5-min was collected prior to surgical treatments to enable the HRV analysis. Twelve nonlinear HRV indices covering the irregularity, complexity, asymmetry, and temporal correlation of heartbeat fluctuations were obtained. Increased short-range temporal correlations, decreased asymmetry, and increased irregularity of heartbeat fluctuations were associated with higher FIB level. Increased irregularity and decreased complexity were also associated with higher CEA level. These associations were independent of age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, history of diabetes, left ventricular ejection fraction, and anemia. The results support the hypothesis that perturbations in nonlinear dynamical patterns of HRV predict increased GC severity. Replication in larger samples as well as the examination of longitudinal associations of HRV nonlinear features with cancer prognosis/survival are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shi
- School of Medical Imaging, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, China
| | - Chang Yan
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China
| | - Deli Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, China
| | - Mulin Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA.
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224
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Flaherty RL, Falcinelli M, Flint MS. Stress and drug resistance in cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2019; 2:773-786. [PMID: 35582576 PMCID: PMC8992509 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with cancer often undergo considerable psychological distress, and the induction of the psychological stress response has been linked with a poor response to chemotherapy. The psychological stress response is mediated by fluctuations of the hormones glucocorticoids (GCs) and catecholamines. Binding to their respective receptors, GCs and the catecholamines adrenaline/noradrenaline are responsible for signalling a wide range of processes involved in cell survival, cell cycle and immune function. Synthetic GCs are also often prescribed as co-medication alongside chemotherapy, and increasing evidence suggests that GCs may induce chemoresistance in multiple cancer types. In this review, we bring together evidence linking psychological stress hormone signalling with resistance to chemo- and immune therapies, as well as mechanistic evidence regarding the effects of exogenous stress hormones on the efficacy of chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée L. Flaherty
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Marta Falcinelli
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Melanie S. Flint
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
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225
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Daher C, Vimeux L, Stoeva R, Peranzoni E, Bismuth G, Wieduwild E, Lucas B, Donnadieu E, Bercovici N, Trautmann A, Feuillet V. Blockade of β-Adrenergic Receptors Improves CD8 + T-cell Priming and Cancer Vaccine Efficacy. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:1849-1863. [PMID: 31527069 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
β-Adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling exerts protumoral effects by acting directly on tumor cells and angiogenesis. In addition, β-AR expression on immune cells affects their ability to mount antitumor immune responses. However, how β-AR signaling impinges antitumor immune responses is still unclear. Using a mouse model of vaccine-based immunotherapy, we showed that propranolol, a nonselective β-blocker, strongly improved the efficacy of an antitumor STxBE7 vaccine by enhancing the frequency of CD8+ T lymphocytes infiltrating the tumor (TIL). However, propranolol had no effect on the reactivity of CD8+ TILs, a result further strengthened by ex vivo experiments showing that these cells were insensitive to adrenaline- or noradrenaline-induced AR signaling. In contrast, naïve CD8+ T-cell activation was strongly inhibited by β-AR signaling, and the beneficial effect of propranolol mainly occurred during CD8+ T-cell priming in the tumor-draining lymph node. We also demonstrated that the differential sensitivity of naïve CD8+ T cells and CD8+ TILs to β-AR signaling was linked to a strong downregulation of β2-AR expression related to their activation status, since in vitro-activated CD8+ T cells behaved similarly to CD8+ TILs. These results revealed that β-AR signaling suppresses the initial priming phase of antitumor CD8+ T-cell responses, providing a rationale to use clinically available β-blockers in patients to improve cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Daher
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Lene Vimeux
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Ralitsa Stoeva
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Peranzoni
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Georges Bismuth
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Wieduwild
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Lucas
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Donnadieu
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Nadège Bercovici
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Alain Trautmann
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Feuillet
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.
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226
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Roberts AL, Huang T, Koenen KC, Kim Y, Kubzansky LD, Tworoger SS. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Is Associated with Increased Risk of Ovarian Cancer: A Prospective and Retrospective Longitudinal Cohort Study. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5113-5120. [PMID: 31488422 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic cancer. Chronic stress accelerates tumor growth in animal models of ovarian cancer. We therefore postulated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer. We used data from the Nurses' Health Study II, a longitudinal cohort study with 26 years of follow-up, conducted from 1989 to 2015 with 54,710 subjects. Lifetime PTSD symptoms were measured in 2008. Self-reported ovarian cancer was validated with medical records. Risk of ovarian cancer was estimated with Cox proportional hazards models and further adjusted for known ovarian cancer risk factors (e.g., hormonal factors) and health risk factors (e.g., smoking). Fully prospective secondary analyses examined incident ovarian cancer occurring after PTSD assessment in 2008. In addition, we examined associations by menopausal status. During follow-up, 110 ovarian cancers were identified. Women with high PTSD symptoms had 2-fold greater risk of ovarian cancer versus women with no trauma exposure [age-adjusted HR = 2.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12-3.95]. Adjustment for health and ovarian cancer risk factors moderately attenuated this association (HR = 1.86; 95% CI, 0.98-3.51). Associations were similar or moderately stronger in fully prospective analyses (age-adjusted HR = 2.38; 95% CI, 0.98-5.76, N cases = 50) and in premenopausal women (HR = 3.42; 95% CI, 1.08-10.85). In conclusion, we show that PTSD symptoms are associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer. Better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms could lead to interventions that reduce ovarian cancer risk in women with PTSD and other stress-related mental disorders. SIGNIFICANCE: PTSD is associated with ovarian cancer risk, particularly in premenopausal women. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms will aid in formulating ways to reduce ovarian cancer risk associated with chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Roberts
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Yongjoo Kim
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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227
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Beyond the boundaries of cardiology: Still untapped anticancer properties of the cardiovascular system-related drugs. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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228
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Amador Martínez A, Lara Padilla E, Pérez Rodríguez JA, Alfaro A, Solis Cano DG, Bandala C, Guzman N. Sensitivity and Specificity of Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density in Mexican Patients with Breast Cancer. Cureus 2019; 11:e5505. [PMID: 31667039 PMCID: PMC6816528 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.5505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently reported cancer among women - reported in 2012 as 25% of all cancers. BC has been related to the increased life and activity of osteoclasts, conferring a higher risk for osteoporosis/osteopenia. This study aimed to determine a cut-off point in Hounsfield units (HU) as well as the sensitivity and specificity of computed axial tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of osteoporosis/osteopenia in Mexican women with BC. Material and methods We included 108 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of BC treated at the ABC Medical Center in Mexico City. All patients were subjected to both dual X-ray densitometry and CT. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify the cutoff point and sensitivity and specificity were calculated, as were confidence intervals for the diagnoses of osteoporosis/osteopenia. Results The mean age was 58.49 ± 11.01 years. The cutoff point with the highest sensitivity (82%) and specificity (68%) was <157 HU for osteoporosis/osteopenia in patients with BC. Conclusions Women with BC are exposed to several risk factors for osteoporosis/osteopenia. The CT obtained for the general evaluation of these patients can also be used to evaluate bone mineral density, avoiding additional examinations and exposure to radiation, as well as the cost it confers, offering an earlier diagnosis of osteoporosis/osteopenia for its control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alfonso Alfaro
- Neuroscience, National Rehabilitation Institute, CDMX, MEX
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229
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Association between Resting Heart Rate and Colorectal Cancer: Results from a Case-Controlled Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162883. [PMID: 31409045 PMCID: PMC6719185 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies evaluating associations between resting heart rate (RHR) and cancer-related mortality/prognosis have yielded conflicting results. We investigated whether elevations in RHR are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). We conducted a case-controlled study involving 1241 CRC patients and 5909 cancer-free controls from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. After propensity score (PS) matching, 1207 CRC patients and 1207 matched controls were analyzed. Associations between RHR and CRC, colon, and rectal cancer were analyzed in appropriate patient subgroups using multiple and conditional logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristics analysis yielded the optimal RHR cut-point to predict CRC. RHR was significantly higher in CRC, colon, and rectal cancer patients than in controls (72.7 bpm in CRC, 72.8 bpm in colon cancer, 72.3 bpm in rectal cancer, and 68.7 bpm in controls; all p < 0.001). Analysis of data prior to PS matching yielded the following odds ratios (ORs) per RHR increment for CRC, colon, and rectal cancer: 1.043 (95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.036–1.049), 1.045 (95% CI: 1.037–1.053), and 1.040 (95% CI: 1.030–1.051), respectively, in unadjusted models, and 1.043 (95% CI: 1.034–1.051), 1.046 (95% CI: 1.037–1.055), and 1.040 (95% CI: 1.027–1.052), respectively, in multivariable adjusted models. Patients with CRC, colon, and rectal cancer have a significantly higher RHR compared to cancer-free controls.
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230
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Cui Y, Wen W, Zheng T, Li H, Gao YT, Cai H, You M, Gao J, Yang G, Zheng W, Xiang YB, Shu XO. Use of Antihypertensive Medications and Survival Rates for Breast, Colorectal, Lung, or Stomach Cancer. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1512-1528. [PMID: 31062847 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Using time-dependent Cox regression models, we examined associations of common antihypertensive medications with overall cancer survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS), with comprehensive adjustment for potential confounding factors. Participants were from the Shanghai Women's Health Study (1996-2000) and Shanghai Men's Health Study (2002-2006) in Shanghai, China. Included were 2,891 incident breast, colorectal, lung, and stomach cancer cases. Medication use was extracted from electronic medical records. With a median 3.4-year follow-up after diagnosis (interquartile range, 1.0-6.3), we found better outcomes among users of angiotensin II receptor blockers with colorectal cancer (OS: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44, 0.86; DSS: adjusted HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.87) and stomach cancer (OS: adjusted HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.94; DSS: adjusted HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.98) and among users of β-adrenergic receptor blockers with colorectal cancer (OS: adjusted HR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.72; DSS: adjusted HR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.73). Better survival was also found for calcium channel blockers (DSS: adjusted HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.97) and diuretics (OS: adjusted HR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.96; DSS: adjusted HR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.85) with stomach cancer. Our findings suggest angiotensin II receptor blockers, β-adrenergic receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers might be associated with improved survival outcomes of gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tao Zheng
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mingrong You
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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231
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Lamkin DM, Srivastava S, Bradshaw KP, Betz JE, Muy KB, Wiese AM, Yee SK, Waggoner RM, Arevalo JMG, Yoon AJ, Faull KF, Sloan EK, Cole SW. C/EBPβ regulates the M2 transcriptome in β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:839-848. [PMID: 31132458 PMCID: PMC6660400 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
At the M2 terminal of the macrophage activation spectrum, expression of genes is regulated by transcription factors that include STAT6, CREB, and C/EBPβ. Signaling through β-adrenergic receptors drives M2 activation of macrophages, but little is known about the transcription factors involved. In the present study, we found that C/EBPβ regulates the signaling pathway between β-adrenergic stimulation and expression of Arg1 and several other specific genes in the greater M2 transcriptome. β-adrenergic signaling induced Cebpb gene expression relatively early with a peak at 1 h post-stimulation, followed by peak Arg1 gene expression at 8 h. C/EBPβ transcription factor activity was elevated at the enhancer region for Arg 1 at both 4 and 8 h after stimulation but not near the more proximal promoter region. Knockdown of Cebpb suppressed the β-adrenergic-induced peak in Cebpb gene expression as well as subsequent accumulation of C/EBPβ protein in the nucleus, which resulted in suppression of β-adrenergic-induced Arg1 gene expression. Analysis of genome-wide transcriptional profiles identified 20 additional M2 genes that followed the same pattern of regulation by β-adrenergic- and C/EBPβ-signaling. Promoter-based bioinformatic analysis confirmed enrichment of binding motifs for C/EBPβ transcription factor across these M2 genes. These findings pinpoint a mechanism that may be targeted to redirect the deleterious influence of β-adrenergic signaling on macrophage involvement in M2-related diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Lamkin
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States; Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States.
| | - Shreyesi Srivastava
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Karen P Bradshaw
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Jenna E Betz
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Kevin B Muy
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Anna M Wiese
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Shelby K Yee
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Rebecca M Waggoner
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Jesusa M G Arevalo
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States; Divison of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Alexander J Yoon
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Kym F Faull
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States; Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Erica K Sloan
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Steve W Cole
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States; Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States; Divison of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States
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232
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Cuneo MG, Szeto A, Schrepf A, Kinner EM, Schachner BI, Ahmed R, Thaker PH, Goodheart M, Bender D, Cole SW, McCabe PM, Sood AK, Lutgendorf SK, Mendez AJ. Oxytocin in the tumor microenvironment is associated with lower inflammation and longer survival in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 106:244-251. [PMID: 31005045 PMCID: PMC6716948 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research demonstrates a protective role for oxytocin in ovarian cancer based on its anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and anti-invasive effects in vitro and in vivo. However, the role of endogenous oxytocin has not been examined in ovarian cancer patients. Oxytocin also has anti-inflammatory properties that have not been examined in cancer. The purpose of this investigation was to examine relationships between endogenous oxytocin, tumor-associated inflammation (interleukin-6), and survival in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer patients. METHODS Tumor microenvironment (ascites) and plasma oxytocin levels were analyzed via ELISA on extracted samples obtained from 79 patients. In vitro models were used to characterize oxytocin and oxytocin receptor expression in four ovarian cancer cell lines and to investigate direct anti-inflammatory effects of oxytocin on tumor cell secretion of interleukin-6. High and variable levels of oxytocin were observed in ascites, up to 200 times greater than in plasma. Higher levels of ascites oxytocin were associated with lower levels of systemic and tumor-associated interleukin-6, an inflammatory cytokine implicated in ovarian tumor progression. Oxytocin also attenuated interleukin-6 secretion from multiple ovarian tumor cell lines in vitro. Higher levels of ascites oxytocin were associated with a significant survival advantage and statistical mediation analyses suggested this effect was partially mediated by interleukin-6. CONCLUSIONS These data identify a previously unacknowledged hormone in the ovarian tumor microenvironment and provide initial evidence that oxytocin has protective effects in ovarian cancer via anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Future studies should examine the therapeutic utility of oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew Schrepf
- Department of Anesthesiology and Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan
| | - Ellen M. Kinner
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa
| | - Benjamin I. Schachner
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami
| | - Raisa Ahmed
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami
| | - Premal H. Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Michael Goodheart
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa
| | - David Bender
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa
| | - Steve W. Cole
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Biology Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Anil K. Sood
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Biology and Center for RNA Interference and Noncoding RNA, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Susan K. Lutgendorf
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa
| | - Armando J. Mendez
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami
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233
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Agranovich I, Borisova E, Navolokin N, Bucharskaya A, Maslyakova G, Shirokov A, Abdurashitov A, Angelov I, Khorovodov A, Terskov A, Mamedova A, Klimova M, Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya O. Phenomenon of atypical vascular effects of epinephrine and an increase of photodynamic response by nitroglycerin in rats with colon adenocarcinoma: adrenergic and nitrergic mechanisms and novel applied aspects. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:4115-4125. [PMID: 31452998 PMCID: PMC6701521 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.004115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Using an original model of stress-induced colon adenocarcinoma, we uncover atypical vasorelaxation effects of a mucosa injection of epinephrine assessed by laser speckle contrast imaging and a significant increase of fluorescent intensity of 5-ALA/PpIX from malignant colon tissues by a mucosa injection of nitroglycerine. We clearly demonstrate a high activity of adrenergic and nitrergic mechanisms underlying this phenomenon and discuss their application in improving of optical approaches for effective diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Agranovich
- Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Borisova
- Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd. 72, Sofia 1784, Bulgaria
| | - Nikita Navolokin
- Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
- Saratov State Medical University, Bolshaya Kazachia str. 112, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Alla Bucharskaya
- Saratov State Medical University, Bolshaya Kazachia str. 112, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Galina Maslyakova
- Saratov State Medical University, Bolshaya Kazachia str. 112, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Alexander Shirokov
- Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Entusiastov Str. 13, Saratov 410049, Russia
| | | | - Ivan Angelov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev str. Bl. 9,1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Andrey Terskov
- Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Aysel Mamedova
- Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Maria Klimova
- Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
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234
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Ramondetta LM, Hu W, Thaker PH, Urbauer DL, Chisholm GB, Westin SN, Sun Y, Ramirez PT, Fleming N, Sahai SK, Nick AM, Arevalo JMG, Dizon T, Coleman RL, Cole SW, Sood AK. Prospective pilot trial with combination of propranolol with chemotherapy in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and evaluation on circulating immune cell gene expression. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 154:524-530. [PMID: 31353053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility of pharmacologic beta-adrenergic blockade in women with newly diagnosed stage II-IV epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) throughout primary treatment. METHODS Patients initiated propranolol prior to beginning chemotherapy or surgery. Feasibility was assessed as proportion able to complete 6 chemotherapy cycles while on adrenergic suppression. Descriptive statistics summarized surveys, and paired changes were analyzed using signed rank tests. Random-intercept Tobit models examined immune response. RESULTS Median age was 59.9; 88.5% were stage IIIC/IV; and 38.5% underwent primary debulking. Thirty-two patients were enrolled; 3 excluded because they never took propranolol; an additional 3 didn't meet inclusion criteria, leaving 26 evaluable. Eighteen of 26 (69%), 90% credible interval (CI) of 53-81%, completed 6 chemotherapy cycles plus propranolol (an 82% posterior probability that the true proportion of success is ≥60%). Among the 23 patients with baseline and six month follow up data, overall QOL, anxiety, and depression improved (P < 0.05) and leukocyte expression of pro-inflammatory genes declined (P = 0.03) after completion of therapy. Decrease from baseline of serum IL-6 and IL-8 preceded response to chemotherapy (P < 0.0014). Change from baseline IL-10 preceded complete response. CONCLUSION Use of propranolol during primary treatment of EOC is feasible and treatment resulted in decrease in markers of adrenergic stress response. In combination with chemotherapy, propranolol potentially results in improved QOL over baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois M Ramondetta
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America.
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Premal H Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Diana L Urbauer
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Gary B Chisholm
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Shannon N Westin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Yunjie Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Pedro T Ramirez
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Nicole Fleming
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sunil K Sahai
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Alpa M Nick
- St. Thomas Medical Partners, Gynecologic Oncology, Nashville, TN, United States of America; The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Jesusa M G Arevalo
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Thomas Dizon
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Steve W Cole
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
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235
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Zhou X, Shang YN, Lu R, Fan CW, Mo XM. High ANKZF1 expression is associated with poor overall survival and recurrence-free survival in colon cancer. Future Oncol 2019; 15:2093-2106. [PMID: 31257922 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the association and prognostic value of ANKZF1 gene for survival in colorectal cancer, the mechanism of ANKZF1 level alteration and correlated signaling pathways ANKZF1 is involved. Patients & methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas COREAD dataset was analyzed by bioinformatical investigation. Results: High ANKZF1 expression is associated with poor overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.094; 95% CI: 1.188-3.689; p = 0.011) and recurrence-free survival (HR: 1.762; 95% CI: 1.021-3.042; p = 0.042) in colon cancer. Bioinformatical analysis showed ANKZF1 was upregulated by amplification and exon expression. ANKZF1 was associated with angiogenesis and cancer signaling pathways. Conclusion: High ANKZF1 is an independent factor of poor survival (overall survival and recurrence-free survival) in colon cancer by taking part in angiogenesis and some cancer signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yan-Na Shang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ran Lu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chuan-Wen Fan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.,Institute of Digestive Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.,Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Division of Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Xian-Ming Mo
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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236
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Schramm HM. The Epithelial-Myeloid-Transition (EMyeT) of cancer cells as a wrongly perceived primary inflammatory process eventually progressing to a bone remodeling malignancy: the alternative pathway for Epithelial- Mesenchymal-Transition hypothesis (EMT)? J Cancer 2019; 10:3798-3809. [PMID: 31333797 PMCID: PMC6636288 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells express multiple markers expressed by mesenchymal as well as myeloid cells in common and in addition specific markers of the myeloid lineages, especially those of dendritic cells, macrophages and preosteoclasts. It has also been possible to identify monocyte-macrophage gene clusters in cancer cell specimens as well as in cancer cell lines. Accordingly, like myeloid cells cancer cells often express pro-inflammatory cytokines, and consequently the carcinoma may be perceived by the organism as a primary inflammatory process comparable to the immune inflammatory reactions in the eye or in the case of arthritis. This would explain why a carcinoma may induce a certain alarm state in the organism by increasing a fatal sympathetic tone in the patient, supplying the carcinomas with nutrients at the cost of other requirements, inducing tolerance against the cancer cells mistaken as myeloid cells, provoking fibrosis and neoangiogenesis, and increasing inflammatory cells at the carcinoma site. This seemingly inflammatory process of Epithelial-Myeloid-Transition (EMyeT) is superimposed by the progression of part of the myeloid cancer cells to stages comparable to preosteoclasts and osteoclasts, and their development to metastasizing carcinomas often at the site of bone. This concept of carcinogenesis and malignant progression described here challenges the widely accepted EMT-hypotheses and could deliver the rationale for the various peculiar aspects of cancer and the variety of therapeutic antitumoral measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning M Schramm
- Institute for Integral Cancer Research (IFIK), CH-4144 Arlesheim/Switzerland
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237
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Harding BN, Delaney JA, Urban RR, Weiss NS. Post-diagnosis use of antihypertensive medications and the risk of death from ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 154:426-431. [PMID: 31178150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations between post-diagnosis use of antihypertensive (AH) medications including thiazide diuretics (TDs), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), beta blockers (BBs) [both non-selective (NSBBs) and selective (SBBs)] and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and ovarian cancer-specific survival. METHODS This cohort study used SEER-Medicare data on 2195 women 66+ years of age who were diagnosed with ovarian cancer during 2007-2012 and who survived for at least 12 months. Use of an AH class was defined as two or more fills during the year after diagnosis. Ovarian cancer-specific death was assessed starting one year after diagnosis and continued through the end of 2013. Associations between AH use and ovarian cancer-specific mortality were assessed using Cox proportional hazard models, comparing users of a given class of AH to non-AH users. RESULTS Overall, 718 (33%), 690 (31%), 521 (24%), 154 (7%) of women used a TD, ACEI, BB, or CCB, respectively, with some women (48%) using more than one class of drug. Ovarian cancer-specific mortality was found to be lower among women who used an ACEI (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63-0.92), a TD (aHR 0.82, 95%CI 0.68-0.99), or a NSBB (aHR 0.60, 95%CI 0.43-0.83), but no such association was seen in women who took a SBB or CCB. CONCLUSION We observed that women who took certain forms of an AH medication during the year following a diagnosis of ovarian cancer were thereafter at a relatively reduced risk of dying from their disease. However, the potential for residual confounding by disease severity argues for a cautious interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara N Harding
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.
| | - Joseph A Delaney
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Renata R Urban
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Noel S Weiss
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
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238
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Hanns P, Paczulla AM, Medinger M, Konantz M, Lengerke C. Stress and catecholamines modulate the bone marrow microenvironment to promote tumorigenesis. Cell Stress 2019; 3:221-235. [PMID: 31338489 PMCID: PMC6612892 DOI: 10.15698/cst2019.07.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High vascularization and locally secreted factors make the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment particularly hospitable for tumor cells and bones to a preferred metastatic site for disseminated cancer cells of different origins. Cancer cell homing and proliferation in the BM are amongst other regulated by complex interactions with BM niche cells (e.g. osteoblasts, endothelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)), resident hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and pro-angiogenic cytokines leading to enhanced BM microvessel densities during malignant progression. Stress and catecholamine neurotransmitters released in response to activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) reportedly modulate various BM cells and may thereby influence cancer progression. Here we review the role of catecholamines during tumorigenesis with particular focus on pro-tumorigenic effects mediated by the BM niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Hanns
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna M Paczulla
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Medinger
- Division of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martina Konantz
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Lengerke
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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239
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Kim MS, Han KD, Kwon SY. Pre-diagnostic beta-blocker use and head- and neck cancer risk: A nationwide population-based case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16047. [PMID: 31192963 PMCID: PMC6587613 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
β-blockers have been reported to exhibit potential anticancer effects in various cancer studies. However, few clinical studies concerning head and neck cancer have been conducted. We hypothesized that β-blockers could decrease the incidence of head and neck cancer. Therefore, we investigated the association between β-blocker treatment and head and neck cancer incidence.Between January 2006 and December 2015, we selected 12,127 patients with head and neck cancer for this nationwide study using data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. The patients were matched 1:5 with 60,635 control participants according to age, sex, and, region. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cancer associated with β-blocker treatment. In the analysis, a crude (simple), adjusted model (adjusted model for age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia) was used.The OR for head and neck cancer incidence was not lower in the β-blocker cohort (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.105-1.26), especially for the oral cavity (OR: 1.165; 95% CI: 1.013-1.340), hypopharynx (OR: 1.555; 95% CI: 1.232-1.963), nasopharynx (OR: 1.251; 95% CI: 1-1.564), and paranasal sinus (OR: 1.378; 95% CI: 1.027-1.849). The duration of β-blocker use was not related to head and neck cancer incidence.This study did not provide evidence that β-blockers can decrease the risk of head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Su Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam
| | - Kyung Do Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Soon Young Kwon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cleveland KH, Liang S, Chang A, Huang KM, Chen S, Guo L, Huang Y, Andresen BT. Carvedilol inhibits EGF-mediated JB6 P+ colony formation through a mechanism independent of adrenoceptors. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217038. [PMID: 31107911 PMCID: PMC6527222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Carvedilol is reported to prevent cancers in humans and animal models. However, a molecular mechanism has yet to be established, and the extent to which other β-blockers are chemopreventive remains relatively unknown. A comparative pharmacological approach was utilized with the expectation that a mechanism of action could be devised. JB6 Cl 41-5a (JB6 P+) murine epidermal cells were used to elucidate the chemopreventative properties of β-blockers, as JB6 P+ cells recapitulate in vivo tumor promotion and chemoprevention. The initial hypothesis was that β-blockers that are GRK/β-arrestin biased agonists, like carvedilol, are chemopreventive. Sixteen β-blockers of different classes, isoproterenol, and HEAT HCl were individually co-administered with epidermal growth factor (EGF) to JB6 P+ cells to examine the chemopreventative properties of each ligand. Cytotoxicity was examined to ensure that the anti-transformation effects of each ligand were not due to cellular growth inhibition. Many of the examined β-blockers suppressed EGF-induced JB6 P+ cell transformation in a non-cytotoxic and concentration-dependent manner. However, the IC50 values are high for the most potent inhibitors (243, 326, and 431 nM for carvedilol, labetalol, and alprenolol, respectively) and there is no correlation between pharmacological properties and inhibition of transformation. Therefore, the role of α1- and β2-adrenergic receptors (AR) was examined by standard competition assays and shRNA targeting β2-ARs, the only β-AR expressed in JB6 P+ cells. The results reveal that pharmacological inhibition of α1- and β2-ARs and genetic knockdown of β2-ARs did not abrogate carvedilol-mediated inhibition of EGF-induced JB6 P+ cell transformation. Furthermore, topical administration of carvedilol protected mice from UV-induced skin damage, while genetic ablation of β2-ARs increased carvedilol-mediated effects. Therefore, the prevailing hypothesis that the chemopreventive property of carvedilol is mediated through β-ARs is not supported by this data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristan H. Cleveland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
| | - Sherry Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
| | - Andy Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin M. Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
| | - Si Chen
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Lei Guo
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YH); (BTA)
| | - Bradley T. Andresen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YH); (BTA)
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Valko-Rokytovská M, Hubková B, Birková A, Mašlanková J, Stupák M, Zábavníková M, Čižmárová B, Mareková M. Specific Urinary Metabolites in Malignant Melanoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55050145. [PMID: 31100919 PMCID: PMC6571597 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55050145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Melanin, which has a confirmed role in melanoma cell behaviour, is formed in the process of melanogenesis and is synthesized from tryptophan, L-tyrosine and their metabolites. All these metabolites are easily detectable by chromatography in urine. Materials and Methods: Urine samples of 133 individuals (82 malignant melanoma patients and 51 healthy controls) were analysed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The diagnosis of malignant melanoma was confirmed histologically. Results: Chromatograms of melanoma patients showed increased levels of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid, vanilmandelic acid, homovanilic acid, tryptophan, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, and indoxyl sulphate compared to healthy controls. Concentration of indoxyl sulphate, homovanilic acid and tryptophan were significantly increased even in the low clinical stage 0 of the disease (indoxyl sulphate, homovanilic acid and tryptophan in patients with clinical stage 0 vs. controls expressed as medium/ interquartile range in µmol/mmol creatinine: 28.37/15.30 vs. 5.00/6.91; 47.97/33.08 vs. 7.33/21.25; and 16.38/15.98 vs. 3.46/6.22, respectively). Conclusions: HPLC detection of metabolites of L-tyrosine and tryptophan in the urine of melanoma patients may play a significant role in diagnostics as well as a therapeutic strategy of melanoma cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Valko-Rokytovská
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Beáta Hubková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Tr. SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Anna Birková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Tr. SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Jana Mašlanková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Tr. SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Marek Stupák
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Tr. SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
| | | | - Beáta Čižmárová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Tr. SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Mária Mareková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, Tr. SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
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Calvani M, Bruno G, Dal Monte M, Nassini R, Fontani F, Casini A, Cavallini L, Becatti M, Bianchini F, De Logu F, Forni G, la Marca G, Calorini L, Bagnoli P, Chiarugi P, Pupi A, Azzari C, Geppetti P, Favre C, Filippi L. β 3 -Adrenoceptor as a potential immuno-suppressor agent in melanoma. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2509-2524. [PMID: 30874296 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stress-related catecholamines have a role in cancer and β-adrenoceptors; specifically, β2 -adrenoceptors have been identified as new targets in treating melanoma. Recently, β3 -adrenoceptors have shown a pleiotropic effect on melanoma micro-environment leading to cancer progression. However, the mechanisms by which β3 -adrenoceptors promote this progression remain poorly understood. Catecholamines affect the immune system by modulating several factors that can alter immune cell sub-population homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms of cancer immune-tolerance is one of the most intriguing challenges in modern research. This study investigates the potential role of β3 -adrenoceptors in immune-tolerance regulation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A mouse model of melanoma in which syngeneic B16-F10 cells were injected in C57BL-6 mice was used to evaluate the effect of β-adrenoceptor blockade on the number and activity of immune cell sub-populations (Treg, NK, CD8, MDSC, macrophages, and neutrophils). Pharmacological and molecular approaches with β-blockers (propranolol and SR59230A) and specific β-adrenoceptor siRNAs targeting β2 - or β3 -adrenoceptors were used. KEY RESULTS Only β3 -, but not β2 -adrenoceptors, were up-regulated under hypoxia in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and selectively expressed in immune cell sub-populations including Treg, MDSC, and NK. SR59230A and β3 -adrenoceptor siRNAs increased NK and CD8 number and cytotoxicity, while they attenuated Treg and MDSC sub-populations in the tumour mass, blood, and spleen. SR59230A and β3 -adrenoceptor siRNAs increased the ratio of M1/M2 macrophages and N1 granulocytes. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our data suggest that β3 -adrenoceptors are involved in immune-tolerance, which opens the way for new strategic therapies to overcome melanoma growth. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Adrenoceptors-New Roles for Old Players. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Calvani
- Oncohematology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer University Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gennaro Bruno
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Dal Monte
- Department of Biology, Unit of General Physiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Fontani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Arianna Casini
- Division of Immunology, Section of Pediatrics, Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cavallini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Forni
- Metabolic and Newborn Screening Clinical Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Meyer University Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Metabolic and Newborn Screening Clinical Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Meyer University Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Bagnoli
- Department of Biology, Unit of General Physiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Pupi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Azzari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Favre
- Oncohematology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer University Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Filippi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical Surgical Fetal-Neonatal Department, Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Guo Q, Huang F, Goncalves C, Del Rincón SV, Miller WH. Translation of cancer immunotherapy from the bench to the bedside. Adv Cancer Res 2019; 143:1-62. [PMID: 31202357 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The tremendous success of immune checkpoint blockades has revolutionized cancer management. Our increased understanding of the cell types that compose the tumor microenvironment (TME), including those of the innate and adaptive immune system, has helped to shape additional immune modulatory strategies in cancer care. Pre-clinical and clinical investigations targeting novel checkpoint interactions and key pathways that regulate cancer immunity continue to increase rapidly. Various combinatorial drug regimens are being tested in attempt to achieve durable response and survival rates of patients with cancer. This review provides an overview of specific components of the TME, an introduction to novel immune checkpoints, followed by a survey of present day and future combination immune modulatory therapies. The idea that the immune system can recognize and destroy tumor cells was first described in the cancer immunosurveillance hypothesis of Burnet and Thomas. However, early experimental evidence failed to support the concept. It was not until the late 1990s when seminal papers clearly showed the existence of cancer immunosurveillance, leading to the cancer immunoediting hypothesis. In this century, progress in the understanding of negative regulators of the immune response led to the discovery that inhibition of these regulators in patients with cancer could lead to dramatic and durable remissions. Drs. Tasuku Honjo and James P. Allison were awarded the Nobel Prize in 2018 for their pioneering work in this field. We now see rapid advances in cancer immunology and emerging effective therapies revolutionizing cancer care across tumor types in the clinic, while pre-clinical research is moving from a focus on the malignant cells themselves to dissect the highly heterogenic and complex multi-cellular tumor microenvironment (TME).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Guo
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fan Huang
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Goncalves
- Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wilson H Miller
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Montreal, QC, Canada; Rossy Cancer Network, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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244
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Suna N, Özer Etik D, Öcal S, Selçuk H. Effect of Propranolol Treatment on the Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients Waiting for Liver Transplant With Cirrhosis: A Retrospective, Surveillance Study in a Tertiary Center. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2019; 17:632-637. [PMID: 31050621 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2018.0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most frequent primary malignant tumor of the liver and the third most common cause of all cancer-related mortalities. There is a need to develop new strategies to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma, as the incidence of this cancer continues to increase despite all advancements. In this study, our aim was to determine the effects of propranolol treatment on the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients waiting for liver transplant. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients waiting for liver transplant with cirrhosis due to various causes registered at the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Program between June 2011 and December 2017 in our center. These data were compared between patients using propranolol and those not using propranolol. RESULTS Of the 231 patients, 135 (58.4%) were male and 96 (41.6%) were female. The mean age was 58.1 ± 14 years. We noted that 153 of total patients (66.2%) were using propranolol. Three patients (2%) were using 20 mg propranolol, 125 (81.7%) were using 40 mg propranolol, 10 (6.5%) were using 60 mg propranolol, and 15 (9.8%) were using 80 mg propranolol. Of total patients, 36 (15.6%) developed hepatocellular carcinoma, including in 12 patients (7.8%) using propranolol and 24 patients (30.8%) who did not use this agent (P < .001). Thus, the hepatocellular carcinoma frequency was 5.22 times lower in patients receiving propranolol than in those not receiving propranolol. CONCLUSIONS Although causes of cirrhosis and initial stages were similar in both groups using and not using propranolol, incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly lower in the propranolol group than in the group without propranolol. This result showed that propranolol treatment has a protective effect for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients waiting for liver transplant with cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuretdin Suna
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
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245
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Liang H, Zeng Y, Feng Y, Wu H, Gong P, Yao Q. Selective β2-adrenoreceptor signaling regulates osteoclastogenesis via modulating RANKL production and neuropeptides expression in osteocytic MLO-Y4 cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7238-7247. [PMID: 30387222 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) signaling on bone cells is the major contributor in the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on bone turnover. However, it remains unclear whether receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-Β ligand (RANKL) modulation and neuropeptides expression in osteocytes are responsible for the mechanism. This study used β2-AR stimulation to investigate cell cycle and proliferation, the gene and protein expression of RANKL, and osteoprotegerin (OPG), as well as neuropeptides regulation in osteocytic MLO-Y4 cells. Clenbuterol (CLE; a β2-AR agonist) slightly promoted the growth of MLO-Y4 cells in a concentration-dependent effect but had no effect on the proliferation index. And the concentration of 10-8 M showed a significant increase in the S-phase fraction on day 3 in comparison with the control. Additionally, CLE-promoted osteoclast formation and bone resorption in osteocytic MLO-Y4 cell-RAW264.7 cell cocultures. RANKL expression level and the ratio of RANKL to OPG in MLO-Y4 cells were enhanced in CLE treatment but were rescued by blocking β2-AR signaling. However, neuropeptide Y and α-calcitonin gene-related peptide, two neurogenic markers, were inhibited in CLE treatment of MLO-Y4 cells, which was reversed by a β2-AR blocker. The results indicate that osteocytic β2-AR plays an important role in the regulation of RANKL/OPG and neuropeptides expression, and β2-AR signaling in osteocytes can be used as a new valuable target for osteoclast-related pathologic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengxing Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Center of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunzhi Feng
- Center of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hanjiang Wu
- Center of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Dental Implant Center, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Yao
- Center of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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246
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Phadke S, Clamon G. Beta blockade as adjunctive breast cancer therapy: A review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 138:173-177. [PMID: 31092374 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-clinical data has shown that beta adrenergic stimulation can affect the development and progression of many types of cancer. The use of beta blockers as an anti-neoplastic therapy has been studied in retrospective trials and observational trials, but no definitive conclusions about efficacy have been made. Within the realm of breast cancer, significant advances in therapy have led to improved survival outcomes, yet there is room for improvement. Beta adrenergic blockade may prove an effective adjunct to standard breast cancer therapy, with little associated toxicity. This article provides a review of the published literature on beta blockade as an adjunctive cancer therapy, with a focus on breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Phadke
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
| | - Gerald Clamon
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
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247
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Can cardiovascular drugs support cancer treatment? The rationale for drug repurposing. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:1059-1065. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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248
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Intriguing relationship between antihypertensive therapy and cancer. Pharmacol Res 2019; 141:501-511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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249
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Ma C, Gao T, Ju J, Zhang Y, Ni Q, Li Y, Zhao Z, Chai J, Yang X, Sun M. Sympathetic innervation contributes to perineural invasion of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma via the β2-adrenergic receptor. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1475-1495. [PMID: 30863115 PMCID: PMC6391132 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s190847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Perineural invasion (PNI) is reported to correlate with local recurrence and poor prognosis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). However, the pathogenesis of PNI remains unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the correlation between sympathetic innervation and SACC PNI and to elucidate how the sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) regulates the PNI process. Materials and methods Sympathetic innervation and β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) expression in SACC tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The NE concentrations in SACC tissues and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) coculture models were measured by ELISA. β2-AR expression in SACC cells was detected by performing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence assay. SACC cells were treated with NE, the nonselective α-AR blocker phentolamine, the β2-AR antagonist ICI118,551, or were transfected with β2-AR small interfering RNA (siRNA). Proliferation was evaluated in methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, and migration was evaluated in Transwell assay and wound-healing assay. PNI was tested through both Transwell assay and a DRG coculture model. The expressions of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were measured by performing qRT-PCR and Western blot assay. Results Sympathetic innervation and β2-AR were highly distributed in SACC tissues and correlated positively with PNI (P=0.035 and P=0.003, respectively). The sympathetic neurotransmitter NE was overexpressed in SACC tissues and DRG coculture models. Exogenously added NE promoted proliferation, migration, and PNI of SACC cells via β2-AR activation. NE/β2-AR signaling may promote proliferation, migration, and PNI by inducing EMT and upregulating MMPs. However, β2-AR inhibition with either an antagonist or siRNA abrogated NE-induced PNI. Conclusion Collectively, our findings reveal the supportive role of sympathetic innervation in the pathogenesis of SACC PNI and suggest β2-AR as a potential therapeutic target for treating PNI in SACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,
| | - Tao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, .,Department of Stomatology, The First Hospital of Yu Lin, Yu Lin, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Ju
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Navy General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianwei Ni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Region, Urumqi, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,
| | - Zhenyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,
| | - Juan Chai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,
| | - Moyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,
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250
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Reeves FA, Battye S, Roth H, Peters JS, Hovens C, Costello AJ, Corcoran NM. Prostatic nerve subtypes independently predict biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 63:213-219. [PMID: 30772200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe nerve subtypes involved by perineural invasion (PNI) in prostate cancer and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters and recurrence risk. METHODS 141 prostatectomy specimens from men with localized prostate cancer and known perineural invasion were analyzed. Index tumor blocks were stained for perineural invasion and sympathetic/parasympathetic markers. For 98 patients with complete staining, nerves from up to three hotspot regions of intraprostatic perineural invasion were classified according to autonomic subtype and perineural invasion status. Findings were correlated with prospectively collected clinicopathological data. Biochemical recurrence predictors were tested in univariable and multivariable models. RESULTS Most intra-prostatic nerves contained sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres, irrespective of perineural invasion status. A fraction was purely sympathetic (5% PNI, 2% non-PNI) or double-negative (non-adrenergic, non-nitrergic; 1% PNI, 1% non-PNI). Perineural invasion nerve count was associated with higher pathological stage. Although total perineural invasion or non-perineural invasion nerve count did not predict biochemical recurrence, two subtypes were found to be independent predictors: pure sympathetic non-perineural invasion nerves (HR 6.79, p = 0.03) and non-adrenergic, non-nitrergic PNI nerves (HR 10.56, p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Pure sympathetic nerve density without tumour invasion and perineural invasion specifically involving non-adrenergic, non-nitrergic fibres are independent predictors of biochemical recurrence post prostatectomy, supporting a role for the autonomic nervous system in prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fairleigh A Reeves
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Peninsula Health, Australia.
| | | | - Hedley Roth
- Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Peninsula Health, Australia
| | - Justin S Peters
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre Epworth, Richmond, Australia
| | - Christopher Hovens
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre Epworth, Richmond, Australia
| | - Anthony J Costello
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre Epworth, Richmond, Australia
| | - Niall M Corcoran
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Peninsula Health, Australia; Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre Epworth, Richmond, Australia
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