201
|
Molecular classification of non-invasive breast lesions for personalised therapy and chemoprevention. Oncotarget 2016; 6:43244-54. [PMID: 26657114 PMCID: PMC4791229 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer screening has led to a dramatic increase in the detection of pre-invasive breast lesions. While mastectomy is almost guaranteed to treat the disease, more conservative approaches could be as effective if patients can be stratified based on risk of co-existing or recurrent invasive disease.Here we use a range of biomarkers to interrogate and classify purely non-invasive lesions (PNL) and those with co-existing invasive breast cancer (CEIN). Apart from Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS), relative homogeneity is observed. DCIS contained a greater spread of molecular subtypes. Interestingly, high expression of p-mTOR was observed in all PNL with lower expression in DCIS and invasive carcinoma while the opposite expression pattern was observed for TOP2A.Comparing PNL with CEIN, we have identified p53 and Ki67 as predictors of CEIN with a combined PPV and NPV of 90.48% and 43.3% respectively. Furthermore, HER2 expression showed the best concordance between DCIS and its invasive counterpart.We propose that these biomarkers can be used to improve the management of patients with pre-invasive breast lesions following further validation and clinical trials. p53 and Ki67 could be used to stratify patients into low and high-risk groups for co-existing disease. Knowledge of expression of more actionable targets such as HER2 or TOP2A can be used to design chemoprevention or neo-adjuvant strategies. Increased knowledge of the molecular profile of pre-invasive lesions can only serve to enhance our understanding of the disease and, in the era of personalised medicine, bring us closer to improving breast cancer care.
Collapse
|
202
|
Teguh DN, Bol Raap R, Struikmans H, Verhoef C, Koppert LB, Koole A, Huang Y, van Hulst RA. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for late radiation-induced tissue toxicity: prospectively patient-reported outcome measures in breast cancer patients. Radiat Oncol 2016; 11:130. [PMID: 27682427 PMCID: PMC5041335 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-016-0700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study examines patient reported outcome measures of women undergoing hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) after breast-conserving therapy. Method Included were 57 women treated with HBOT for late radiation-induced tissue toxicity (LRITT) referred in the period January 2014-December 2015. HBOT consisted of (on average) 47 sessions. In total, 80 min of 100 % O2 was administered under increased pressure of 2.4 ATA. Quality of life was assessed before and after treatment using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-BR23, and a NRS pain score. Results Fifty-seven women were available for evaluation before and after treatment. Before HBOT, patients had severe complaints of pain in the arm/shoulder (46 %), swollen arm/hand (14 %), difficulty to raise arm or move it sideways (45 %), pain in the area of the affected breast (67 %), swollen area of the affected breast (45 %), oversensitivity of the affected breast (54 %), and skin problems on/in the area of the affected breast (32 %); post HBOT, severe complaints were still experienced in 17, 7, 22, 15, 13, 15, and 11 % of the women, respectively. Differences were all significant. The NRS pain score improved at least 1 point (range 0–10) in 81 % of the patients (p < 0.05). Conclusion In these breast cancer patients treated with HBOT for LRITT, the patient-reported outcomes were positive and improvements were observed. HBOT was a well-tolerated treatment for LRITT and its side-effects were both minimal and reversible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David N Teguh
- Hyperbaar Geneeskundig Centrum Rijswijk, Treubstraat 5a, 2288 EG, Rijswijk, The Netherlands. .,Department of Surgery/Hyperbaric Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - René Bol Raap
- Hyperbaar Geneeskundig Centrum Rijswijk, Treubstraat 5a, 2288 EG, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Struikmans
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Radiotherapy Centre West, Medical Centre Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Verhoef
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linetta B Koppert
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arne Koole
- Hyperbaar Geneeskundig Centrum Rijswijk, Treubstraat 5a, 2288 EG, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Yadi Huang
- University of Leuven, Leuven, The Netherlands
| | - Rob A van Hulst
- Hyperbaar Geneeskundig Centrum Rijswijk, Treubstraat 5a, 2288 EG, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.,Department of Anesthesiology/Hyperbaric Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Marshalek JP, Sheeran PS, Ingram P, Dayton PA, Witte RS, Matsunaga TO. Intracellular delivery and ultrasonic activation of folate receptor-targeted phase-change contrast agents in breast cancer cells in vitro. J Control Release 2016; 243:69-77. [PMID: 27686582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a diverse and complex disease that remains one of the leading causes of death among women. Novel, outside-of-the-box imaging and treatment methods are needed to supplement currently available technologies. In this study, we present evidence for the intracellular delivery and ultrasound-stimulated activation of folate receptor (FR)-targeted phase-change contrast agents (PCCAs) in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro. PCCAs are lipid-coated, perfluorocarbon-filled particles formulated as nanoscale liquid droplets capable of vaporization into gaseous microbubbles for imaging or therapy. Cells were incubated with 1:1 decafluorobutane (DFB)/octafluoropropane (OFP) PCCAs for 1h, imaged via confocal microscopy, exposed to ultrasound (9MHz, MI=1.0 or 1.5), and imaged again after insonation. FR-targeted PCCAs were observed intracellularly in both cell lines, but uptake was significantly greater (p<0.001) in MDA-MB-231 cells (93.0% internalization at MI=1.0, 79.5% at MI=1.5) than MCF-7 cells (42.4% internalization at MI=1.0, 35.7% at MI=1.5). Folate incorporation increased the frequency of intracellular PCCA detection 45-fold for MDA-MB-231 cells and 7-fold for MCF-7 cells, relative to untargeted PCCAs. Intracellularly activated PCCAs ranged from 500nm to 6μm (IQR=800nm-1.5μm) with a mean diameter of 1.15±0.59 (SD) microns. The work presented herein demonstrates the feasibility of PCCA intracellular delivery and activation using breast cancer cells, illuminating a new platform toward intracellular imaging or therapeutic delivery with ultrasound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul S Sheeran
- Physical Sciences Department, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pier Ingram
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Paul A Dayton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Russell S Witte
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Terry O Matsunaga
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
204
|
Nelson M, Yang M, Millican-Slater R, Brackenbury WJ. Nav1.5 regulates breast tumor growth and metastatic dissemination in vivo. Oncotarget 2016; 6:32914-29. [PMID: 26452220 PMCID: PMC4741739 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated Na+ channels (VGSCs) mediate action potential firing and regulate adhesion and migration in excitable cells. VGSCs are also expressed in cancer cells. In metastatic breast cancer (BCa) cells, the Nav1.5 α subunit potentiates migration and invasion. In addition, the VGSC-inhibiting antiepileptic drug phenytoin inhibits tumor growth and metastasis. However, the functional activity of Nav1.5 and its specific contribution to tumor progression in vivo has not been delineated. Here, we found that Nav1.5 is up-regulated at the protein level in BCa compared with matched normal breast tissue. Na+ current, reversibly blocked by tetrodotoxin, was retained in cancer cells in tumor tissue slices, thus directly confirming functional VGSC activity in vivo. Stable down-regulation of Nav1.5 expression significantly reduced tumor growth, local invasion into surrounding tissue, and metastasis to liver, lungs and spleen in an orthotopic BCa model. Nav1.5 down-regulation had no effect on cell proliferation or angiogenesis within the in tumors, but increased apoptosis. In vitro, Nav1.5 down-regulation altered cell morphology and reduced CD44 expression, suggesting that VGSC activity may regulate cellular invasion via the CD44-src-cortactin signaling axis. We conclude that Nav1.5 is functionally active in cancer cells in breast tumors, enhancing growth and metastatic dissemination. These findings support the notion that compounds targeting Nav1.5 may be useful for reducing metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Nelson
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
205
|
Streckfus CF, Bigler L. A Catalogue of Altered Salivary Proteins Secondary to Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: A Novel In Vivo Paradigm to Assess Breast Cancer Progression. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30800. [PMID: 27477923 PMCID: PMC4967869 DOI: 10.1038/srep30800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this manuscript is to introduce a catalogue of salivary proteins that are altered secondary to carcinoma of the breast. The catalogue of salivary proteins is a compilation of twenty years of research by the authors and consists of 233 high and low abundant proteins which have been identified by LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry, 2D-gel analysis and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The body of research suggests that saliva is a fluid suffused with solubilized by-products of oncogenic expression and that these proteins may be useful in the study of breast cancer progress, treatment efficacy and the tailoring of individualized patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles F. Streckfus
- University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston Department of Diagnostic and Behavioral Sciences Behavioral & Biomedical Sciences Building, Rm. 5322 Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Lenora Bigler
- University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston Department of Diagnostic and Behavioral Sciences Behavioral & Biomedical Sciences Building, Rm. 5322 Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Evans DG, Astley S, Stavrinos P, Harkness E, Donnelly LS, Dawe S, Jacob I, Harvie M, Cuzick J, Brentnall A, Wilson M, Harrison F, Payne K, Howell A. Improvement in risk prediction, early detection and prevention of breast cancer in the NHS Breast Screening Programme and family history clinics: a dual cohort study. PROGRAMME GRANTS FOR APPLIED RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.3310/pgfar04110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundIn the UK, women are invited for 3-yearly mammography screening, through the NHS Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP), from the ages of 47–50 years to the ages of 69–73 years. Women with family histories of breast cancer can, from the age of 40 years, obtain enhanced surveillance and, in exceptionally high-risk cases, magnetic resonance imaging. However, no NHSBSP risk assessment is undertaken. Risk prediction models are able to categorise women by risk using known risk factors, although accurate individual risk prediction remains elusive. The identification of mammographic breast density (MD) and common genetic risk variants [single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] has presaged the improved precision of risk models.ObjectivesTo (1) identify the best performing model to assess breast cancer risk in family history clinic (FHC) and population settings; (2) use information from MD/SNPs to improve risk prediction; (3) assess the acceptability and feasibility of offering risk assessment in the NHSBSP; and (4) identify the incremental costs and benefits of risk stratified screening in a preliminary cost-effectiveness analysis.DesignTwo cohort studies assessing breast cancer incidence.SettingHigh-risk FHC and the NHSBSP Greater Manchester, UK.ParticipantsA total of 10,000 women aged 20–79 years [Family History Risk Study (FH-Risk); UK Clinical Research Network identification number (UKCRN-ID) 8611] and 53,000 women from the NHSBSP [aged 46–73 years; Predicting the Risk of Cancer At Screening (PROCAS) study; UKCRN-ID 8080].InterventionsQuestionnaires collected standard risk information, and mammograms were assessed for breast density by a number of techniques. All FH-Risk and 10,000 PROCAS participants participated in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) studies. The risk prediction models Manual method, Tyrer–Cuzick (TC), BOADICEA (Breast and Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm) and Gail were used to assess risk, with modelling based on MD and SNPs. A preliminary model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of risk stratified screening was conducted.Main outcome measuresBreast cancer incidence.Data sourcesThe NHSBSP; cancer registration.ResultsA total of 446 women developed incident breast cancers in FH-Risk in 97,958 years of follow-up. All risk models accurately stratified women into risk categories. TC had better risk precision than Gail, and BOADICEA accurately predicted risk in the 6268 single probands. The Manual model was also accurate in the whole cohort. In PROCAS, TC had better risk precision than Gail [area under the curve (AUC) 0.58 vs. 0.54], identifying 547 prospective breast cancers. The addition of SNPs in the FH-Risk case–control study improved risk precision but was not useful inBRCA1(breast cancer 1 gene) families. Risk modelling of SNPs in PROCAS showed an incremental improvement from using SNP18 used in PROCAS to SNP67. MD measured by visual assessment score provided better risk stratification than automatic measures, despite wide intra- and inter-reader variability. Using a MD-adjusted TC model in PROCAS improved risk stratification (AUC = 0.6) and identified significantly higher rates (4.7 per 10,000 vs. 1.3 per 10,000;p < 0.001) of high-stage cancers in women with above-average breast cancer risks. It is not possible to provide estimates of the incremental costs and benefits of risk stratified screening because of lack of data inputs for key parameters in the model-based cost-effectiveness analysis.ConclusionsRisk precision can be improved by using DNA and MD, and can potentially be used to stratify NHSBSP screening. It may also identify those at greater risk of high-stage cancers for enhanced screening. The cost-effectiveness of risk stratified screening is currently associated with extensive uncertainty. Additional research is needed to identify data needed for key inputs into model-based cost-effectiveness analyses to identify the impact on health-care resource use and patient benefits.Future workA pilot of real-time NHSBSP risk prediction to identify women for chemoprevention and enhanced screening is required.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Programme Grants for Applied Research programme. The DNA saliva collection for SNP analysis for PROCAS was funded by the Genesis Breast Cancer Prevention Appeal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Gareth Evans
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Susan Astley
- Institute of Population Health, Centre for Imaging Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Paula Stavrinos
- The Nightingale Centre and Genesis Prevention Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Elaine Harkness
- Institute of Population Health, Centre for Imaging Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Louise S Donnelly
- The Nightingale Centre and Genesis Prevention Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Dawe
- The Nightingale Centre and Genesis Prevention Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ian Jacob
- Department of Health Economics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michelle Harvie
- The Nightingale Centre and Genesis Prevention Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jack Cuzick
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Adam Brentnall
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mary Wilson
- The Nightingale Centre and Genesis Prevention Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Katherine Payne
- Department of Health Economics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anthony Howell
- Institute of Population Health, Centre for Imaging Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The Nightingale Centre and Genesis Prevention Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Delaloge S, Bachelot T, Bidard FC, Espie M, Brain E, Bonnefoi H, Gligorov J, Dalenc F, Hardy-Bessard AC, Azria D, Jacquin JP, Lemonnier J, Jacot W, Goncalves A, Coutant C, Ganem G, Petit T, Penault-Llorca F, Debled M, Campone M, Levy C, Coudert B, Lortholary A, Venat-Bouvet L, Grenier J, Bourgeois H, Asselain B, Arvis J, Castro M, Tardivon A, Cox DG, Arveux P, Balleyguier C, André F, Rouzier R. [Breast cancer screening: On our way to the future]. Bull Cancer 2016; 103:753-63. [PMID: 27473920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a potentially lethal disease, which requires aggressive treatments and is associated with long-term consequences. Its prognosis is linked to both tumor biology and burden at diagnosis. Although treatments have allowed important improvements in prognosis over the past 20 years, breast cancer screening remains necessary. Mammographic screening allows earlier stage diagnoses and a decrease of breast cancer specific mortality. However, breast cancer screening modalities should be revised with the objective to address demonstrated limitations of mammographic screening (limited benefit, imperfect sensitivity and specificity, overdiagnoses, radiation-induced morbidity). Furthermore, both objective and perceived performances of screening procedures should be improved. Numerous large international efforts are ongoing, leading to scientific progresses that should have rapid clinical implications in this area. Among them is improvement of imaging techniques performance, development of real time diagnosis, and development of new non radiological screening techniques such as the search for circulating tumor DNA, development of biomarkers able to allow precise risk evaluation and stratified screening. As well, overtreatment is currently addressed by biomarker-based de-escalation clinical trials. These advances need to be associated with strong societal support, as well as major paradigm changes regarding the way health and cancer prevention is perceived by individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzette Delaloge
- Université Paris Saclay, institut Gustave-Roussy, département de médecine oncologique, Inserm U981, 114, rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Thomas Bachelot
- Centre Léon-Bérard, département de cancérologie médicale, 28, rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - François-Clément Bidard
- Université de recherche Paris, sciences et lettres, institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marc Espie
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Etienne Brain
- Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Hervé Bonnefoi
- Université de Bordeaux, institut Bergonie, 229, cours de l'Argonne, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Joseph Gligorov
- Hôpital Tenon, université Paris-Sorbonne, Inserm U938, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Florence Dalenc
- Institut universitaire du cancer-Toulouse oncopole, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | | | - David Azria
- Université de Montpellier, institut du cancer, IRCM U1194, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Jacquin
- Institut de cancérologie de la Loire, 108 B, avenue Albert-Raimond, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | | | - William Jacot
- Université de Montpellier, institut du cancer, IRCM U1194, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Anthony Goncalves
- Université Aix-Marseille, institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm U1068, 232, boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Charles Coutant
- Université de Bourgogne, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Pr-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Gérard Ganem
- Centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France
| | - Thierry Petit
- Université de Strasbourg, centre Paul-Strauss, 3, rue de la Porte-de-l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Marc Debled
- Université de Bordeaux, institut Bergonie, 229, cours de l'Argonne, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Mario Campone
- Institut d'oncologie de l'Ouest, Inserm U892, IRT-UN, 8, quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes cedex, France
| | - Christelle Levy
- Centre François-Baclesse, 3, avenue du Général-Harris, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Bruno Coudert
- Université de Bourgogne, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Pr-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Alain Lortholary
- Centre Catherine-de-Sienne, 2, rue Éric-Tabarly, 44202 Nantes, France
| | - Laurence Venat-Bouvet
- CHU de Limoges, service d'oncologie médicale, 22, avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Julien Grenier
- Institut Sainte-Catherine, 250, chemin de Baignes-Pieds, 84918 Avignon cedex 9, France
| | | | | | - Johanna Arvis
- Ligue nationale contre le cancer, comité du Lot, 28, boulevard Gambetta, 46000 Cahors, France
| | - Martine Castro
- Europadonna France, 14, rue Corvisart, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Anne Tardivon
- Université de recherche Paris, sciences et lettres, institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - David G Cox
- Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, 69000 Lyon, France; Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Arveux
- Registre de Côte d'Or, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Pr-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Corinne Balleyguier
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, département d'imagerie médicale, 114, rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Fabrice André
- Université Paris Saclay, institut Gustave-Roussy, département de médecine oncologique, Inserm U981, 114, rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Roman Rouzier
- Université de recherche Paris, sciences et lettres, institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| |
Collapse
|
208
|
Ward C, Meehan J, Mullen P, Supuran C, Dixon JM, Thomas JS, Winum JY, Lambin P, Dubois L, Pavathaneni NK, Jarman EJ, Renshaw L, Um IH, Kay C, Harrison DJ, Kunkler IH, Langdon SP. Evaluation of carbonic anhydrase IX as a therapeutic target for inhibition of breast cancer invasion and metastasis using a series of in vitro breast cancer models. Oncotarget 2016; 6:24856-70. [PMID: 26259239 PMCID: PMC4694798 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative, resistant or metastatic disease are major factors in breast cancer mortality, warranting novel approaches. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is implicated in survival, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells and inhibition provides an innovative therapeutic strategy. The efficacy of 5 novel ureido-substituted sulfamate CAIX inhibitors were assessed in increasingly complex breast cancer models, including cell lines in normoxia and hypoxia, 3D spheroids and an ex-vivo explant model utilizing fresh biopsy tissue from different breast cancer subtypes. CAIX expression was evaluated in a tissue microarray (TMA) of 92 paired lymph node and primary breast cancers and 2 inhibitors were appraised in vivo using MDA-MB-231 xenografts. FC11409B, FC9398A, FC9403, FC9396A and S4 decreased cell proliferation and migration and inhibited 3D spheroid invasion. S4, FC9398A and FC9403A inhibited or prevented invasion into collagen. FC9403A significantly reversed established invasion whilst FC9398A and DTP348 reduced xenograft growth. TMA analysis showed increased CAIX expression in triple negative cancers. These data establish CAIX inhibition as a relevant therapeutic goal in breast cancer, targeting the migratory, invasive, and metastatic potential of this disease. The use of biopsy tissue suggests efficacy against breast cancer subtypes, and should provide a useful tool in drug testing against invasive cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol Ward
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - James Meehan
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Mullen
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Claudiu Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - J Michael Dixon
- Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy S Thomas
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Yves Winum
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS-UM1-UM2, Batiment de Recherche Max Mousseron, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Lambin
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MaastRO), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ludwig Dubois
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MaastRO), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda-Kumar Pavathaneni
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS-UM1-UM2, Batiment de Recherche Max Mousseron, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology (MaastRO), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Edward J Jarman
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lorna Renshaw
- Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - In Hwa Um
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Charlene Kay
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David J Harrison
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Ian H Kunkler
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Simon P Langdon
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Ye H, Tong J, Liu J, Lin W, Zhang C, Chen K, Zhao J, Zhu W. Combination of gemcitabine-containing magnetoliposome and oxaliplatin-containing magnetoliposome in breast cancer treatment: A possible mechanism with potential for clinical application. Oncotarget 2016; 7:43762-43778. [PMID: 27248325 PMCID: PMC5190058 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major global health problem with high incidence and case fatality rates. The use of magnetoliposomes has been suggested as an effective therapeutic approach because of their good specificity for cancers. In this study, we developed two novel magnetoliposomes, namely, Gemcitabine-containing magnetoliposome (GML) and Oxaliplatin-containing magnetoliposome (OML). These magnetoliposomes were combined (CGOML) was used to treat breast cancer under an external magnetic field. Biosafety test results showed that GML and OML were biologically safe to blood cells and did not adversely affect the behavior of mice. Pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies indicated that both magnetoliposomes exhibited stable structures and persisted at the target area under an external magnetic field. Cell and animal experiments revealed that CGOML can markedly suppress the growth of MCF-7 cells, and only the CGOML group can minimize the tumor size among all the groups. Finally, CGOML can significantly inhibit MCF-7cell growth both in vitro and vivo by activating the apoptotic signaling pathway of MCF-7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jiansong Tong
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jiangyi Liu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Wenman Lin
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Chengshou Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Wenjing Zhu
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
Milevskiy MJG, Al-Ejeh F, Saunus JM, Northwood KS, Bailey PJ, Betts JA, McCart Reed AE, Nephew KP, Stone A, Gee JMW, Dowhan DH, Dray E, Shewan AM, French JD, Edwards SL, Clark SJ, Lakhani SR, Brown MA. Long-range regulators of the lncRNA HOTAIR enhance its prognostic potential in breast cancer. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:3269-3283. [PMID: 27378691 PMCID: PMC5179926 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Predicting response to endocrine therapy and survival in oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer is a significant clinical challenge and novel prognostic biomarkers are needed. Long-range regulators of gene expression are emerging as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for human diseases, so we have explored the potential of distal enhancer elements of non-coding RNAs in the prognostication of breast cancer survival. HOTAIR is a long non-coding RNA that is overexpressed, promotes metastasis and is predictive of decreased survival. Here, we describe a long-range transcriptional enhancer of the HOTAIR gene that binds several hormone receptors and associated transcription factors, interacts with the HOTAIR promoter and augments transcription. This enhancer is dependent on Forkhead-Box transcription factors and functionally interacts with a novel alternate HOTAIR promoter. HOTAIR expression is negatively regulated by oestrogen, positively regulated by FOXA1 and FOXM1, and is inversely correlated with oestrogen receptor and directly correlated with FOXM1 in breast tumours. The combination of HOTAIR and FOXM1 enables greater discrimination of endocrine therapy responders and non-responders in patients with oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Consistent with this, HOTAIR expression is increased in cell-line models of endocrine resistance. Analysis of breast cancer gene expression data indicates that HOTAIR is co-expressed with FOXA1 and FOXM1 in HER2-enriched tumours, and these factors enhance the prognostic power of HOTAIR in aggressive HER2+ breast tumours. Our study elucidates the transcriptional regulation of HOTAIR, identifies HOTAIR and its regulators as novel biomarkers of patient response to endocrine therapy and corroborates the importance of transcriptional enhancers in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J G Milevskiy
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fares Al-Ejeh
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jodi M Saunus
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Australia
| | - Korinne S Northwood
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Australia
| | - Peter J Bailey
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Joshua A Betts
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amy E McCart Reed
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Australia
| | | | - Andrew Stone
- Epigenetics Research Laboratory, Division of Genomics and Epigenetics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julia M W Gee
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Dennis H Dowhan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Eloise Dray
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Annette M Shewan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Juliet D French
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stacey L Edwards
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susan J Clark
- Epigenetics Research Laboratory, Division of Genomics and Epigenetics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Australia.,Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Australia.,The University of Queensland School of Medicine, Herston, Australia
| | - Melissa A Brown
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Woodman N, Pinder SE, Tajadura V, Le Bourhis X, Gillett C, Delannoy P, Burchell JM, Julien S. Two E-selectin ligands, BST-2 and LGALS3BP, predict metastasis and poor survival of ER-negative breast cancer. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:265-75. [PMID: 27176937 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Distant metastases account for the majority of cancer-related deaths in breast cancer. The rate and site of metastasis differ between estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and ER-positive tumours, and metastatic fate can be very diverse even within the ER-negative group. Characterisation of new pro-metastatic markers may help to identify patients with higher risk and improve their care accordingly. Selectin ligands aberrantly expressed by cancer cells promote metastasis by enabling interaction between circulating tumour cells and endothelial cells in distant organs. These ligands consist in carbohydrate molecules, such as sialyl-Lewis x antigen (sLex), borne by glycoproteins or glycolipids on the cancer cell surface. We have previously demonstrated that the molecular scaffold presenting sLex to selectins (e.g. glycolipid vs. glycoproteins) was crucial for these interactions to occur. Moreover, we reported that detection of sLex alone in breast carcinomas was only of limited prognostic value. However, since sLex was found to be carried by several glycoproteins in cancer cells, we hypothesized that the combination of the carbohydrate with its carriers could be more relevant than each marker independently. In this study, we addressed this question by analysing sLex expression together with two glycoproteins (BST-2 and LGALS3BP), shown to interact with E-selectin in a carbohydrate-dependent manner, in a cohort of 249 invasive breast cancers. We found both glycoproteins to be associated with distant metastasis risk and poorer survival. Importantly, concomitant high expression of BST-2 with sLex defined a sub-group of patients with ER-negative tumours displaying higher risks of liver and brain metastasis and a 3-fold decreased survival rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Woodman
- Breast Research Pathology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sarah E Pinder
- Breast Research Pathology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Virginia Tajadura
- Breast Cancer Biology, Research Oncology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Xuefen Le Bourhis
- University of Lille, INSERM, U908 - CPAC, Cell Plasticity and Cancer, Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Cheryl Gillett
- Breast Research Pathology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Philippe Delannoy
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF, Unit of Structural and Functional Glycobiology, Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Joy M Burchell
- Breast Cancer Biology, Research Oncology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sylvain Julien
- University of Lille, INSERM, U908 - CPAC, Cell Plasticity and Cancer, Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| |
Collapse
|
212
|
Halfter K, Hoffmann O, Ditsch N, Ahne M, Arnold F, Paepke S, Grab D, Bauerfeind I, Mayer B. Testing chemotherapy efficacy in HER2 negative breast cancer using patient-derived spheroids. J Transl Med 2016; 14:112. [PMID: 27142386 PMCID: PMC4855689 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0855-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted anti-HER2 therapy has greatly improved the prognosis for many breast cancer patients. However, treatment for HER2 negative disease is currently still selected from a multitude of untargeted chemotherapeutic treatment options. A predictive test was developed using patient-derived spheroids to identify the most effective therapy for patients with HER2 negative breast cancer of all stages, for clinically relevant subgroups, as well as individual patients. METHODS Tumor samples from 120 HER2 negative patients obtained through biopsy or surgical excision were tested in the breast cancer spheroid model using scaffold-free cell culture. Similarly, spheroids were also generated from established HER2 negative breast cancer cell lines T-47D, MCF7, HCC1143, and HCC1937 to compare treatment efficacy of heterogeneous cell populations from patient tumor tissue with homogeneous cell lines. Spheroids were treated in vitro with guideline-recommended compounds. Treatment mediated impact on cell survival was subsequently quantified using an ATP assay. RESULTS Differences were observed in the metabolic activity of the untreated spheroids, whereby cell lines consistently achieved higher values compared to tissue spheroids (p < 0.001). A higher number of cells per spheroid correlated with a higher basal metabolic activity in tissue-derived spheroids (p < 0.01), while the opposite was observed for cell line spheroids (p < 0.01). Recurrent tumors showed a higher mean vitality (p < 0.01) compared to primary tumors. Except for taxanes, treatment efficacy for most tested compounds differed significantly between breast cancer tissue spheroids and breast cancer cell lines. Overall a high variability in treatment response in vitro was seen in the tissue spheroids regardless of the tested substances. A greater response to anthracycline/docetaxel was observed for hormone receptor negative samples (p < 0.01). A higher response to 5-FU (p < 0.01) and anthracycline (p < 0.05) was seen in high grade tumors. Smaller tumor size and negative lymph node status were both associated with a higher treatment efficacy to anthracycline treatment combined with 5-FU (cT1/2 vs cT3/4, p = 0.035, cN+ vs cN-, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The tissue spheroid model reflects current guideline treatment recommendations for HER2 negative breast cancer, whereas tested cell lines did not. This model represents a unique diagnostic method to select the most effective therapy out of several equivalent treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Halfter
- />SpheroTec GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Oliver Hoffmann
- />SpheroTec GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of the University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Mareike Ahne
- />SpheroTec GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Frank Arnold
- />Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Paepke
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Dieter Grab
- />Klinikum Harlaching, Sanatoriumsplatz 2, 81545 Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Bauerfeind
- />Klinikum Landshut, Robert-Koch-Str. 1, 8434 Landshut, Germany
| | - Barbara Mayer
- />SpheroTec GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
- />Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Carmona G, Perera U, Gillett C, Naba A, Law AL, Sharma VP, Wang J, Wyckoff J, Balsamo M, Mosis F, De Piano M, Monypenny J, Woodman N, McConnell RE, Mouneimne G, Van Hemelrijck M, Cao Y, Condeelis J, Hynes RO, Gertler FB, Krause M. Lamellipodin promotes invasive 3D cancer cell migration via regulated interactions with Ena/VASP and SCAR/WAVE. Oncogene 2016; 35:5155-69. [PMID: 26996666 PMCID: PMC5031503 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer invasion is a hallmark of metastasis. The mesenchymal mode of cancer cell invasion is mediated by elongated membrane protrusions driven by the assembly of branched F-actin networks. How deregulation of actin regulators promotes cancer cell invasion is still enigmatic. We report that increased expression and membrane localization of the actin regulator Lamellipodin correlate with reduced metastasis-free survival and poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. In agreement, we find that Lamellipodin depletion reduced lung metastasis in an orthotopic mouse breast cancer model. Invasive 3D cancer cell migration as well as invadopodia formation and matrix degradation was impaired upon Lamellipodin depletion. Mechanistically, we show that Lamellipodin promotes invasive 3D cancer cell migration via both actin-elongating Ena/VASP proteins and the Scar/WAVE complex, which stimulates actin branching. In contrast, Lamellipodin interaction with Scar/WAVE but not with Ena/VASP is required for random 2D cell migration. We identified a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism that regulates selective recruitment of these effectors to Lamellipodin: Abl-mediated Lamellipodin phosphorylation promotes its association with both Scar/WAVE and Ena/VASP, whereas Src-dependent phosphorylation enhances binding to Scar/WAVE but not to Ena/VASP. Through these selective, regulated interactions Lamellipodin mediates directional sensing of epidermal growth factor (EGF) gradients and invasive 3D migration of breast cancer cells. Our findings imply that increased Lamellipodin levels enhance Ena/VASP and Scar/WAVE activities at the plasma membrane to promote 3D invasion and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Carmona
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - U Perera
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, UK
| | - C Gillett
- King's College London, Research Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - A Naba
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A-L Law
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, UK
| | - V P Sharma
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - J Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Wyckoff
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M Balsamo
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - F Mosis
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, UK
| | - M De Piano
- King's College London, Division of Cancer Studies, Cancer Epidemiology Group, London, UK
| | - J Monypenny
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, UK.,King's College London, Research Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK.,King's College London, Division of Cancer Studies, Richard Dimbleby Department of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - N Woodman
- King's College London, Research Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - R E McConnell
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - G Mouneimne
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - M Van Hemelrijck
- King's College London, Division of Cancer Studies, Cancer Epidemiology Group, London, UK
| | - Y Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - R O Hynes
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - F B Gertler
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M Krause
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
214
|
Mitochondrial Reprogramming Regulates Breast Cancer Progression. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:3348-60. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
215
|
Dite GS, MacInnis RJ, Bickerstaffe A, Dowty JG, Allman R, Apicella C, Milne RL, Tsimiklis H, Phillips KA, Giles GG, Terry MB, Southey MC, Hopper JL. Breast Cancer Risk Prediction Using Clinical Models and 77 Independent Risk-Associated SNPs for Women Aged Under 50 Years: Australian Breast Cancer Family Registry. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:359-65. [PMID: 26677205 PMCID: PMC4767544 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-0838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent to which clinical breast cancer risk prediction models can be improved by including information on known susceptibility SNPs is not known. METHODS Using 750 cases and 405 controls from the population-based Australian Breast Cancer Family Registry who were younger than 50 years at diagnosis and recruitment, respectively, Caucasian and not BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers, we derived absolute 5-year risks of breast cancer using the BOADICEA, BRCAPRO, BCRAT, and IBIS risk prediction models and combined these with a risk score based on 77 independent risk-associated SNPs. We used logistic regression to estimate the OR per adjusted SD for log-transformed age-adjusted 5-year risks. Discrimination was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Calibration was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. We also constructed reclassification tables and calculated the net reclassification improvement. RESULTS The ORs for BOADICEA, BRCAPRO, BCRAT, and IBIS were 1.80, 1.75, 1.67, and 1.30, respectively. When combined with the SNP-based score, the corresponding ORs were 1.96, 1.89, 1.80, and 1.52. The corresponding AUCs were 0.66, 0.65, 0.64, and 0.57 for the risk prediction models, and 0.70, 0.69, 0.66, and 0.63 when combined with the SNP-based score. CONCLUSIONS By combining a 77 SNP-based score with clinical models, the AUC for predicting breast cancer before age 50 years improved by >20%. IMPACT Our estimates of the increased performance of clinical risk prediction models from including genetic information could be used to inform targeted screening and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gillian S Dite
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrian Bickerstaffe
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James G Dowty
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Carmel Apicella
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Tsimiklis
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the spatiotemporal evolution of tumor ecosystems present a challenge in evaluating drug efficacy. In this Perspective, we address the use of three-dimensional in vitro culture models to delineate the dynamic interplay between the tumor and the host microenvironment in an effort to attain realistic platforms for assessing pharmaceutical efficacy in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kandice Tanner
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Michael M Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
217
|
Berrino J, Berrino F, Francisci S, Peissel B, Azzollini J, Pensotti V, Radice P, Pasanisi P, Manoukian S. Estimate of the penetrance of BRCA mutation and the COS software for the assessment of BRCA mutation probability. Fam Cancer 2015; 14:117-28. [PMID: 25373702 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-014-9766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have designed the user-friendly COS software with the intent to improve estimation of the probability of a family carrying a deleterious BRCA gene mutation. The COS software is similar to the widely-used Bayesian-based BRCAPRO software, but it incorporates improved assumptions on cancer incidence in women with and without a deleterious mutation, takes into account relatives up to the fourth degree and allows researchers to consider an hypothetical third gene or a polygenic model of inheritance. Since breast cancer incidence and penetrance increase over generations, we estimated birth-cohort-specific incidence and penetrance curves. We estimated breast and ovarian cancer penetrance in 384 BRCA1 and 229 BRCA2 mutated families. We tested the COS performance in 436 Italian breast/ovarian cancer families including 79 with BRCA1 and 27 with BRCA2 mutations. The area under receiver operator curve (AUROC) was 84.4 %. The best probability threshold for offering the test was 22.9 %, with sensitivity 80.2 % and specificity 80.3 %. Notwithstanding very different assumptions, COS results were similar to BRCAPRO v6.0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Berrino
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
218
|
Guestini F, McNamara KM, Ishida T, Sasano H. Triple negative breast cancer chemosensitivity and chemoresistance: current advances in biomarkers indentification. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 20:705-20. [PMID: 26607563 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1125469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous clinicopathological entity constituting approximately 15 - 20% of all breast cancer (BC) patients. It shows high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. At this juncture, because of the lack of specific targeted therapies available and the development in patients of resistance to some therapeutic agents, clinical and translational settings have gained importance over the past decades. AREAS COVERED The development of novel, safe and effective alternatives for the treatment of TNBC are in high demand. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the state of the art of TNBC, its current therapies and potential therapeutic targets. In particular, focus is put on recent advances regarding the identification of emerging biomarkers as prognostic and/or predictive markers, including surrogate markers for molecular tumor subtyping and identifying potential responders to new therapies. EXPERT OPINION Effective development of informative markers could constitute an important armamentarium tool for identifying appropriate therapies to challenge the aggressiveness of TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Guestini
- a Department of Anatomic Pathology , Tohoku University School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai , Japan
| | - Keely May McNamara
- a Department of Anatomic Pathology , Tohoku University School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai , Japan
| | - Takanori Ishida
- b Department of Surgical Oncology , Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku , Sendai , Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- a Department of Anatomic Pathology , Tohoku University School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
219
|
Mechanism of Breast Cancer Preventive Action of Pomegranate: Disruption of Estrogen Receptor and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2015; 20:22315-28. [PMID: 26703530 PMCID: PMC6332439 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A pomegranate emulsion (PE), containing various bioactive phytochemicals, has recently been found to exert substantial chemopreventive effect against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumorigenesis in rats via antiproliferative and proapoptotic actions. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of action are not completely understood. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of PE treatment on intratumor expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-α, ER-β,β-catenin and cyclin D1 during DMBA rat mammary carcinogenesis. Mammary tumor sections were harvested from a chemopreventive study in which PE (0.2, 1.0 and 5.0 g/kg) exhibited inhibition of mammary tumorigenesis in a dose-response manner. The expressions of ER-α, ER-β, β-catenin and cyclin D1 were analyzed by immunohistochemical techniques. PE downregulated the expression of intratumor ER-α and ER-β and lowered ER-α:ER-β ratio. PE also decreased the expression, cytoplasmic accumulation, and nuclear translocation of β-catenin, an essential transcriptional cofactor for Wnt signaling. Moreover, PE suppressed the expression of cell growth regulatory protein cyclin D1, which is a downstream target for both ER and Wnt signaling. Our current results in conjunction with our previous findings indicate that concurrent disruption of ER and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways possibly contributes to antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects involved in PE-mediated chemoprevention of DMBA-inflicted rat mammary tumorigenesis.
Collapse
|
220
|
Booth ME, Nash CE, Roberts NP, Magee DR, Treanor D, Hanby AM, Speirs V. 3-D Tissue Modelling and Virtual Pathology as New Approaches to Study Ductal Carcinoma In Situ. Altern Lab Anim 2015; 43:377-83. [DOI: 10.1177/026119291504300605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Widespread screening mammography programmes mean that ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), a pre-invasive breast lesion, is now more frequently diagnosed. However, not all diagnosed DCIS lesions progress to invasive breast cancer, which presents a dilemma for clinicians. As such, there is much interest in studying DCIS in the laboratory, in order to help understand more about its biology and determine the characteristics of those that progress to invasion. Greater knowledge would lead to targeted and better DCIS treatment. Here, we outline some of the models available to study DCIS, with a particular focus on animal-free systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Booth
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Leeds, UK
- Joint first authors
| | - Claire E. Nash
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Leeds, UK
- Joint first authors
- Current address: The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | | | - Darren Treanor
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
221
|
Moreno-Muñoz D, de la Haba-Rodríguez JR, Conde F, López-Sánchez LM, Valverde A, Hernández V, Martínez A, Villar C, Gómez-España A, Porras I, Rodríguez-Ariza A, Aranda E. Genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin system predict response to bevacizumab in cancer patients. Eur J Clin Invest 2015; 45:1325-32. [PMID: 26509357 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there are no predictive biomarkers for anti-angiogenic strategies in cancer, but response to anti-angiogenic drugs is associated with development of hypertension secondary to treatment. Therefore, this study explored the clinical relevance of genetic polymorphisms in some components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). MATERIAL AND METHODS Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood from 95 metastatic breast or colorectal cancer patients treated with bevacizumab, and AGTR1-A1166C (rs5186), AGT-M235T (rs699) SNPs and ACE I/D (rs4646994) polymorphisms were genotyped using RT-PCR. Circulating vascular endothelial grow factor and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) levels were analysed using ELISA kits. The antitumoral activity of bevacizumab was assayed in mice orthotopically xenografted with AGTR1-overexpressing breast cancer cells. RESULTS The ACE IN/IN genotype was associated with a higher rate of disease progression compared to DEL/IN and DEL/DEL genotypes (36% vs. 11·1% P < 0·05). Similarly, AGTR1-1166A/A genotype was also associated with a higher rate of disease progression compared to AGTR1-1166A/C and AGTR1-1166C/C genotypes (24·4% vs. 2·7% P < 0·01). ACE IN/IN genotype was also found to be associated with shorter time to treatment failure compared to ACE IN/DEL and ACE DEL/DEL genotypes (14 weeks vs. 41·71, P = 0·033), whereas circulating ACE levels were found to be associated with a better response to bevacizumab treatment. Besides, in vivo experiments showed a significantly higher antitumoral activity of bevacizumab in tumours derived from AGTR1-overexpressing breast cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS A higher activity of ACE-angiotensin-II-AGTR1 axis is associated with a better response to bevacizumab, supporting that the RAS can be an important source of potential predictive markers of response to anti-angiogenic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Moreno-Muñoz
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan R de la Haba-Rodríguez
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Conde
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laura M López-Sánchez
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Araceli Valverde
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Vanessa Hernández
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez
- Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain.,Clinical Analysis Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carlos Villar
- Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain.,Pathology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Auxiliadora Gómez-España
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio Porras
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Ariza
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Aranda
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
222
|
Shukla HD, Mahmood J, Vujaskovic Z. Integrated proteo-genomic approach for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Cancer Lett 2015; 369:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
223
|
Transformer2 proteins protect breast cancer cells from accumulating replication stress by ensuring productive splicing of checkpoint kinase 1. Front Chem Sci Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-015-1540-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
224
|
Wang J, Li Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Gong S, Fang F, Wang Z. Overexpression of truncated AIF regulated by Egr1 promoter radiation-induced apoptosis on MCF-7 cells. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2015; 54:413-421. [PMID: 26514806 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-015-0619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that gene-radiotherapy can improve the radiotherapy by selectively increasing cells' response to ionizing radiation. Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a mitochondrial flavoprotein, and its C-terminal domain is responsible for the proapoptotic activity. In the present study, we overexpressed truncated AIF on MCF-7 cells by transfection of pcDNA3.1-tAIF (pc-tAIF) and pcDNA3.1-Egr1-tAIF (pc-Egr1-tAIF) plasmids. After MCF-7-tAIF cells were exposed to X-rays, the AIF and tAIF expressions, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle invasion, cytochrome c (Cyt c) release and activation of caspase-9 were measured by using Western blot, MTT assay, flow cytometry and Matrigel transwell assay, respectively. Our results showed that tAIF expression increased on time- and dose-dependent manners. Both tAIF and radiation can synergistically enhance the apoptosis, cell proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest and cell-invasive inhibition. In addition, tAIF overexpression and irradiation increased Cyt c release. However, only irradiation increased caspase-9 activation. Our studies indicated that tAIF overexpression might enhance apoptosis induced by radiation in MCF-7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yana Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, The Children's Hospital of Changchun, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouliang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
225
|
Kalimutho M, Parsons K, Mittal D, López JA, Srihari S, Khanna KK. Targeted Therapies for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Combating a Stubborn Disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 36:822-846. [PMID: 26538316 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) constitute a heterogeneous subtype of breast cancers that have a poor clinical outcome. Although no approved targeted therapy is available for TNBCs, molecular-profiling efforts have revealed promising molecular targets, with several candidate compounds having now entered clinical trials for TNBC patients. However, initial results remain modest, thereby highlighting challenges potentially involving intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity and acquisition of therapy resistance. We present a comprehensive review on emerging targeted therapies for treating TNBCs, including the promising approach of immunotherapy and the prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. We discuss the impact of pathway rewiring in the acquisition of drug resistance, and the prospect of employing combination therapy strategies to overcome challenges towards identifying clinically-viable targeted treatment options for TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Kalimutho
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Kate Parsons
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 411, Australia
| | - Deepak Mittal
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - J Alejandro López
- School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 411, Australia; Oncogenomics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Sriganesh Srihari
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 411, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Wang Y, Fan W, Zhao S, Zhang K, Zhang L, Zhang P, Ma R. Qualitative, quantitative and combination score systems in differential diagnosis of breast lesions by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Eur J Radiol 2015; 85:48-54. [PMID: 26724648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the feasibility of score systems in differential diagnosis of breast lesions by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). METHODS CEUS was performed in 121 patients with 127 breast lesions by Philips iU22 with Sonovue as contrast agent. Pearson Chi-square χ(2) test, binary logistic regression analysis and Student's t-test are used to identify significant CEUS parameters in differential diagnosis. Based on these significant CEUS parameters, qualitative, quantitative and combination score systems were built by scoring 1 for benign characteristic and scoring 2 for malignant characteristic. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of different analytical methods. RESULTS Pathological results showed 41 benign and 86 malignant lesions. Qualitative analysis and logistic regression analysis showed that there are significant differences in enhancement degree, enhancement order, internal homogeneity, enhancement margin, surrounding vessels and enlargement of diameters (P<0.05) between benign and malignant lesions. Quantitative analysis indicated that malignant lesions tended to show higher peak intensity (PI), larger area under the curve (AUC) and shorter time to peak (TTP) than benign ones (P<0.05). Qualitative score systems showed higher diagnostic efficacy than single quantitative CEUS parameters. The corresponding area under the ROC curve for qualitative, quantitative and combination score systems were 0.897, 0.716 and 0.903 respectively. Z test showed that area under the ROC curve of quantitative score system was statistically smaller than that of other score systems. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative score system helps little in improving the diagnostic efficacy of CEUS. While qualitative score system improves the performance of CEUS greatly in discrimination of benign and malignant breast lesions. The application of qualitative could develop the diagnostic performance of CEUS which is clinically promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YongMei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Health Care Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Health Care Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Di Leva G, Cheung DG, Croce CM. miRNA clusters as therapeutic targets for hormone-resistant breast cancer. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2015; 10:607-617. [PMID: 27721895 PMCID: PMC5053393 DOI: 10.1586/17446651.2015.1099430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non coding RNAs that typically inhibit the translation and stability of messenger RNAs, controlling genes involved in cellular processes such as inflammation, cell cycle regulation, stress response, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. Not surprisingly, microRNAs are also aberrantly expressed in cancer and promote tumorigenesis by disrupting these vital cellular functions. In this review, we first broadly summarize the role of microRNAs in breast cancer and Estrogen Receptor alpha signaling. Then we focus on what is currently known about the role of microRNAs in anti-hormonal therapy or resistance to endocrine agents. Specifically, we will discuss key miRNAs involved in tamoxifen (miR-221/222, 181, 101, 519a, 301, 375, 342, 451, and the let-7 family), fulvestrant (miR-221/222, miR-200 family), and aromatase inhibitor (miR-128 and the let-7 family) resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianpiero Di Leva
- Department of Molecular Virology Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Douglas G Cheung
- Department of Molecular Virology Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
228
|
Philley JV, Kannan A, Dasgupta S. MDA-9/Syntenin Control. J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:545-50. [PMID: 26291527 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
MDA-9/Syntenin is a small PDZ domain containing scaffolding protein with diverse array of functions regulating membrane trafficking, cell adhesion, neural, and synaptic development, ubiquitination, and exosome biogenesis. An appreciable number of studies also established a pivotal role of MDA-9/Syntenin in cancer development and progression. In this review, we will discuss the dynamic role of MDA-9/Syntenin in regulating normal and abnormal fate of various cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie V Philley
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Anbarasu Kannan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
229
|
Quinlan PR, Groves M, Jordan LB, Stobart H, Purdie CA, Thompson AM. The Informatics Challenges Facing Biobanks: A Perspective from a United Kingdom Biobanking Network. Biopreserv Biobank 2015; 13:363-70. [PMID: 26418270 PMCID: PMC4675179 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2014.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The challenges facing biobanks are changing from simple collections of materials to quality-assured fit-for-purpose clinically annotated samples. As a result, informatics awareness and capabilities of a biobank are now intrinsically related to quality. A biobank may be considered a data repository, in the form of raw data (the unprocessed samples), data surrounding the samples (processing and storage conditions), supplementary data (such as clinical annotations), and an increasing ethical requirement for biobanks to have a mechanism for researchers to return their data. The informatics capabilities of a biobank are no longer simply knowing sample locations; instead the capabilities will become a distinguishing factor in the ability of a biobank to provide appropriate samples. There is an increasing requirement for biobanking systems (whether in-house or commercially sourced) to ensure the informatics systems stay apace with the changes being experienced by the biobanking community. In turn, there is a requirement for the biobanks to have a clear informatics policy and directive that is embedded into the wider decision making process. As an example, the Breast Cancer Campaign Tissue Bank in the UK was a collaboration between four individual and diverse biobanks in the UK, and an informatics platform has been developed to address the challenges of running a distributed network. From developing such a system there are key observations about what can or cannot be achieved by informatics in isolation. This article will highlight some of the lessons learned during this development process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Quinlan
- 1 Dundee Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School , Dundee, United Kingdom .,2 School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham , Leicestershire, United Kingdom .,3 Computer Science, University of Nottingham , Leicestershire, United Kingdom .,4 Advanced Data Analysis Centre, University of Nottingham , Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Groves
- 1 Dundee Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School , Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Lee B Jordan
- 5 NHS Tayside, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School , Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary Stobart
- 6 Independent Cancer Patients Voice , London, United Kingdom
| | - Colin A Purdie
- 5 NHS Tayside, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School , Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair M Thompson
- 1 Dundee Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School , Dundee, United Kingdom .,7 Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Centre , Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Kim B, Stephen SL, Hanby AM, Horgan K, Perry SL, Richardson J, Roundhill EA, Valleley EMA, Verghese ET, Williams BJ, Thorne JL, Hughes TA. Chemotherapy induces Notch1-dependent MRP1 up-regulation, inhibition of which sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:634. [PMID: 26362310 PMCID: PMC4567818 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multi-drug Resistance associated Protein-1 (MRP1) can export chemotherapeutics from cancer cells and is implicated in chemoresistance, particularly as is it known to be up-regulated by chemotherapeutics. Our aims in this study were to determine whether activation of Notch signalling is responsible for chemotherapy-induced MRP1 expression Notch in breast cancers, and whether this pathway can be manipulated with an inhibitor of Notch activity. Methods MRP1 and Notch1 were investigated in 29 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer, using immunohistochemistry on matched biopsy (pre-NAC) and surgical samples (post-NAC). Breast epithelial cell cultures (T47D, HB2) were treated with doxorubicin in the presence and absence of functional Notch1, and qPCR, siRNA, Western blots, ELISAs and flow-cytometry were used to establish interactions. Results In clinical samples, Notch1 was activated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Wilcoxon signed-rank p < 0.0001) and this correlated with induction of MRP1 expression (rho = 0.6 p = 0.0008). In breast cell lines, doxorubicin induced MRP1 expression and function (non-linear regression p < 0.004). In the breast cancer line T47D, doxorubicin activated Notch1 and, critically, inhibition of Notch1 activation with the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT abolished the doxorubicin-induced increase in MRP1 expression and function (t-test p < 0.05), resulting in enhanced cellular retention of doxorubicin and increased doxorubicin-induced apoptosis (t-test p = 0.0002). In HB2 cells, an immortal but non-cancer derived breast cell line, Notch1-independent MRP1 induction was noted and DAPT did not enhance doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Conclusions Notch inhibitors may have potential in sensitizing breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutics and therefore in tackling chemoresistance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1625-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baek Kim
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,Department of Breast Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | | | - Andrew M Hanby
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | - Kieran Horgan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | - Eldo T Verghese
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | - Bethany J Williams
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | - James L Thorne
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
231
|
Exometabolom analysis of breast cancer cell lines: Metabolic signature. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13374. [PMID: 26293811 PMCID: PMC4544000 DOI: 10.1038/srep13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells show characteristic effects on cellular turnover and DNA/RNA modifications leading to elevated levels of excreted modified nucleosides. We investigated the molecular signature of different subtypes of breast cancer cell lines and the breast epithelial cell line MCF-10A. Prepurification of cell culture supernatants was performed by cis-diol specific affinity chromatography using boronate-derivatized polyacrylamide gel. Samples were analyzed by application of reversed phase chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Collectively, we determined 23 compounds from RNA metabolism, two from purine metabolism, five from polyamine/methionine cycle, one from histidine metabolism and two from nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. We observed major differences of metabolite excretion pattern between the breast cancer cell lines and MCF-10A, just as well as between the different breast cancer cell lines themselves. Differences in metabolite excretion resulting from cancerous metabolism can be integrated into altered processes on the cellular level. Modified nucleosides have great potential as biomarkers in due consideration of the heterogeneity of breast cancer that is reflected by the different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Our data suggests that the metabolic signature of breast cancer cell lines might be a more subtype-specific tool to predict breast cancer, rather than a universal approach.
Collapse
|
232
|
Mason JK, Klaire S, Kharotia S, Wiggins AKA, Thompson LU. α-linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, alone and combined with trastuzumab, reduce HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cell growth but differentially regulate HER2 signaling pathways. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:91. [PMID: 26282560 PMCID: PMC4539855 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diets rich in the n-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) have been shown to reduce breast tumor growth, enhance the effectiveness of the HER2-targeted drug trastuzumab (TRAS) and reduce HER2 signaling in mouse models. It is unclear whether this is due to direct effects of ALA or due to its long-chain n-3 fatty acids metabolites including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). METHODS The ability of HER2-overexpressing BT-474 human breast cancer cells to convert ALA to long-chain n-3 fatty acids was determined by measurement of phospholipid fatty acids by gas chromatography following treatment with 100 μM ALA. The effects of 96 h treatment with ALA or DHA, at serum levels seen in mice (50-100 μM), alone and combined with TRAS (10 μg/ml), on BT-474 cell growth measured by trypan blue exclusion, apoptosis measured by flow cytometric analysis of Annexin-V/7-AAD stained cells (ALA and TRAS treatment only) and protein biomarkers HER2 signaling measured by western blot were determined. RESULTS ALA-treated BT-474 cells had higher phospholipid ALA but no increase in downstream n-3 metabolites including DHA. Both ALA and DHA reduced cell growth with and without TRAS. ALA had no effect on apoptosis. ALA and DHA showed opposite effects on Akt and MAPK phosphorylation; ALA increased and DHA decreased phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Together these data suggest that, while both ALA and its DHA metabolite can reduce HER2-overexpressing breast cancer growth with and without TRAS, they demonstrate for the first time that DHA is responsible for the effects of ALA-rich diets on HER2 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie K Mason
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Sukhpreet Klaire
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Shikhil Kharotia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Ashleigh K A Wiggins
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Lilian U Thompson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
233
|
Finocchiaro C, Ossola M, Monge T, Fadda M, Brossa L, Caudera V, De Francesco A. Effect of specific educational program on dietary change and weight loss in breast-cancer survivors. Clin Nutr 2015. [PMID: 26199085 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Consumption of Western foods with high dietary glycemic load is associated with breast cancer development, whereas adherence to Mediterranean diet has been linked to a reduced risk. Changing lifestyle can decrease risk of recurrences and mortality. Thus decreasing the weight, improving the diet and promoting lifestyle are among of the most important issues of public health. We evaluated the effects of a specific educational intervention conducted by dietitians, nutritionists physicians, oncologist and sport physician to promote lifestyle in breast cancer survivors. METHODS We recruited 100 pts in breast cancer follow up. The intervention program consisted of four meetings once a week including lectures, training sessions and workshops lasting overall a month. Dietary recommendations were provided on the basis of WCRF/AICR guidelines and were modelled on Mediterranean diet. Sport physician recommended adapted physical activity, based on clinical experiences and scientific evidences. RESULTS Significantly decrease of BMI and waist circumference was observed after 2 and 6 months. Adherence to Mediterranean diet was significantly improved, both in heightening typical Mediterranean foods, both in decreasing consumption of non typical foods. At baseline 63% of women was inactive, 37% was mild active and 0% active, while at the end inactive patients felt by half (30%) and mild active women almost doubled (67%). CONCLUSIONS We found this dietary intervention effective in reducing BMI and waist circumference, and enhancing healthy lifestyle in BC survivors. It has surely contributed to achieve these results besides the change in diet quality, mostly a marked reduction in sedentary habits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Finocchiaro
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Marta Ossola
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Taira Monge
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fadda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Brossa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Vilma Caudera
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella De Francesco
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
234
|
Ahmed S, Quinlan E, McMullen L, Thomas R, Fichtner P, Block J. Ethnodrama: An Innovative Knowledge Translation Tool in the Management of Lymphedema. J Cancer 2015; 6:859-65. [PMID: 26284137 PMCID: PMC4532983 DOI: 10.7150/jca.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lymphedema can cause significant physical impairment and quality-of-life issues. Yet there is a gap in knowledge about lymphedema among breast cancer survivors (BCS), and health care professionals (HCP). Ethnodrama is an innovative knowledge translation strategy that uses theatrical performances for dissemination of research results. We evaluated the impact of live ethnodrama on HCP' and BCS' awareness and attitudes in relation to impact of lymphedema on BCS' lives. Methods: Ethnodrama performances were developed by script writers and a theatre director in collaboration with the investigators and BCS using data from published research and pre-performances workshops. Six interactive live performances were given to audiences of BCS, HCP, and community members in four cities across Canada. After watching these live performances, members of the audiences were asked to complete a paper-based questionnaire regarding their knowledge of lymphedema, and their attitudes and practices toward lymphedema. Results: Of 238 audience members who participated in the survey, 55 (23%) were BCS and 85 (37.5%) were HCP. Most members rated the performances as very effective in changing their (84%) or other people's (93%) understanding of lymphedema; 96% reported being motivated to seek additional information on lymphedema, and 72% of HCP anticipated changes in their practices related to lymphedema screening. Overall no significant differences were noted in responses to ethnodrama between BCS and HCP. Open-ended responses were supportive of the findings from the closed-ended questions. Conclusions: Our results indicate that ethnodrama performances effectively convey information and positively affecting changes in HCP' and BCS' attitudes toward lymphedema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ahmed
- 1. Saskatoon Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Quinlan
- 2. Department of Sociology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Linda McMullen
- 3. Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Roanne Thomas
- 4. School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Janice Block
- 6. Department of Physical Therapy, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
235
|
Halfter K, Ditsch N, Kolberg HC, Fischer H, Hauzenberger T, von Koch FE, Bauerfeind I, von Minckwitz G, Funke I, Crispin A, Mayer B. Prospective cohort study using the breast cancer spheroid model as a predictor for response to neoadjuvant therapy--the SpheroNEO study. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:519. [PMID: 26169261 PMCID: PMC4501185 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aim of this prospective study was to predict response to neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients using an in vitro breast cancer spheroid model. Methods Three-dimensional spheroids were directly generated from fresh breast tumor biopsies of 78 patients eligible for neoadjuvant therapy. Cell survival was measured after in vitro exposure to the equivalent therapeutic agents in the breast cancer spheroid model. Treatment results in vitro were correlated with pathological complete response (pCR, i.e. ypT0 ypN0) determined at surgery. Results A mean cell survival of 21.8 % was found in the breast cancer spheroid model for 22 patients with pCR versus 63.8 % in 56 patients without pCR (P = .001). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve to predict pCR was 0.86 (95 % CI: 0.77 to 0.96) for cell survival in vitro compared to 0.80 (95 % CI: 0.70 to 0.90) for a combined model of conventional factors (hormone- and HER2 receptor, and age). A cutoff at 35 % cell survival for the spheroid model was proposed. Out of the 32 patients with values below this threshold, 21 patients (65.6 %) and one patient (2.2 %) with a cell survival greater than 35 % achieved pCR respectively; (sensitivity 95.5 % (95 % CI: 0.86 to 1.00); specificity 80.4 % (95 % CI: 0.70 to 0.91)). Extent of residual disease positively correlated with increased cell survival (P = .021). Conclusion The breast cancer spheroid model proved to be a highly sensitive and specific predictor for pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1491-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Halfter
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Thoraic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Holger Fischer
- Evangelische Kliniken Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany.
| | | | - Franz Edler von Koch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Dritter Orden, Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Gunter von Minckwitz
- GBG Forschungs GmbH, Neu-Isenburg and University Women's Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | | | - Alexander Crispin
- IBE LMU, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Starnberg, Leopoldina Krankenhaus der Stadt Schweinfurt, Markus Krankenhaus Frankfurt, Klinikum Nürnberg, Städtisches Klinkum Karlsruhe, Klinikum Harlaching, Munich, Germany.
| | - Barbara Mayer
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Thoraic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany. .,SpheroTec GmbH, Martinsried, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
236
|
Aloraifi F, McDevitt T, Martiniano R, McGreevy J, McLaughlin R, Egan CM, Cody N, Meany M, Kenny E, Green AJ, Bradley DG, Geraghty JG, Bracken AP. Detection of novel germline mutations for breast cancer in non-BRCA1/2 families. FEBS J 2015; 282:3424-37. [PMID: 26094658 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The identification of the breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 enhanced clinicians' ability to select high-risk individuals for aggressive surveillance and prevention, and led to the development of targeted therapies. However, BRCA1/2 mutations account for only 25% of familial breast cancer cases. To systematically identify rare, probably pathogenic variants in familial cases of breast cancer without BRCA1/2 mutations, we developed a list of 312 genes, and performed targeted DNA enrichment coupled to multiplex next-generation sequencing on 104 'BRCAx' patients and 101 geographically matched controls in Ireland. As expected, this strategy allowed us to identify mutations in several well-known high-susceptibility and moderate-susceptibility genes, including ATM (~ 5%), RAD50 (~ 3%), CHEK2 (~ 2%), TP53 (~ 1%), PALB2 (~ 1%), and MRE11A (~ 1%). However, we also identified novel pathogenic variants in 30 other genes, which, when taken together, potentially explain the etiology of the missing heritability in up to 35% of BRCAx patients. These included novel potential pathogenic mutations in MAP3K1, CASP8, RAD51B, ZNF217, CDKN2B-AS1, and ERBB2, including a splice site mutation, which we predict would generate a constitutively active HER2 protein. Taken together, this work extends our understanding of the genetics of familial breast cancer, and supports the need to implement hereditary multigene panel testing to more appropriately orientate clinical management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Aloraifi
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Trudi McDevitt
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Rui Martiniano
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jonah McGreevy
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Chris M Egan
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nuala Cody
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Marie Meany
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | | | - Andrew J Green
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
237
|
Immunohistochemical expression of CXCR4 on breast cancer and its clinical significance. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2015; 2015:891020. [PMID: 26161302 PMCID: PMC4486754 DOI: 10.1155/2015/891020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Many tumor cells express chemokines and chemokine receptors, and, for this reason, these molecules can affect the tumor progression. It is known that breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous neoplasia comprising distinct diseases, histological characteristics, and clinical outcomes. The most studied role for CXCL12 chemokine and its receptor CXCR4 in breast cancer pathogenesis is the metastasis event, although several reports have demonstrated its involvement in other processes, such as angiogenesis and tumor growth. It has been found that CXCR4 is required for breast cancer cell migration to other sites such as lung, bone, and lymph nodes, which express high levels of CXCL12 chemokine. Therefore, CXCR4 is being considered a prognostic marker in breast cancer. Within this context, this review summarizes established studies involving expression of CXCR4 on breast cancer, focusing on its clinical significance.
Collapse
|
238
|
He W, Juette A, Denton ERE, Oliver A, Martí R, Zwiggelaar R. A Review on Automatic Mammographic Density and Parenchymal Segmentation. Int J Breast Cancer 2015; 2015:276217. [PMID: 26171249 PMCID: PMC4481086 DOI: 10.1155/2015/276217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women. However, the exact cause(s) of breast cancer still remains unknown. Early detection, precise identification of women at risk, and application of appropriate disease prevention measures are by far the most effective way to tackle breast cancer. There are more than 70 common genetic susceptibility factors included in the current non-image-based risk prediction models (e.g., the Gail and the Tyrer-Cuzick models). Image-based risk factors, such as mammographic densities and parenchymal patterns, have been established as biomarkers but have not been fully incorporated in the risk prediction models used for risk stratification in screening and/or measuring responsiveness to preventive approaches. Within computer aided mammography, automatic mammographic tissue segmentation methods have been developed for estimation of breast tissue composition to facilitate mammographic risk assessment. This paper presents a comprehensive review of automatic mammographic tissue segmentation methodologies developed over the past two decades and the evidence for risk assessment/density classification using segmentation. The aim of this review is to analyse how engineering advances have progressed and the impact automatic mammographic tissue segmentation has in a clinical environment, as well as to understand the current research gaps with respect to the incorporation of image-based risk factors in non-image-based risk prediction models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenda He
- Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, UK
| | - Arne Juette
- Department of Radiology, Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK
| | - Erika R. E. Denton
- Department of Radiology, Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK
| | - Arnau Oliver
- Department of Architecture and Computer Technology, University of Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Robert Martí
- Department of Architecture and Computer Technology, University of Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Reyer Zwiggelaar
- Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
239
|
Helping Patients to Help Themselves after Breast Cancer Treatment. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2015; 27:640-6. [PMID: 26047887 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a rise in the number of women living with the long-term consequences of cancer and continuing to suffer unmet need as breast cancer survival improves. This paper includes an introduction to self-management and a discussion of the evidence around the effectiveness of the key intervention types that could help patients to help themselves after treatment. Self-management interventions are particularly beneficial in reducing bother from symptoms, without patients having to take on the additional burden of more unwanted side-effects frequently seen with pharmacological interventions. There is a need to prioritise the funding of these financially viable self-management strategies to ensure equity of access and that these interventions are available for those in need.
Collapse
|
240
|
Analysis of large mutations in BARD1 in patients with breast and/or ovarian cancer: the Polish population as an example. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10424. [PMID: 25994375 PMCID: PMC4439969 DOI: 10.1038/srep10424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Only approximately 50% of all familial breast cancers can be explained by known genetic factors, including mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. One of the most extensively studied candidates for breast and/or ovarian cancer susceptibility is BARD1. Although it was suggested that large mutations may contribute substantially to the deleterious variants of BARD1, no systematic study of the large mutations in BARD1 has been performed. To further elucidate the role of large mutations in BARD1, we designed a multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay and performed an analysis of 504 women with a familial breast and/or ovarian cancer and 313 patients with ovarian cancer. The investigation did not reveal any large mutations in the BARD1 gene. Although the analysis was not focused on identification of small mutations, we detected seven deleterious or potentially deleterious point mutations, which contribute substantially to the total number of BARD1 mutations detected so far. In conclusion, although we cannot exclude the presence of large mutations in BARD1, our study indicates that such mutations do not contribute substantially to the risk of breast and/or ovarian cancer. However, it has to be noted that our results may be specific to the Polish population.
Collapse
|
241
|
Adams C, Cazzanelli G, Rasul S, Hitchinson B, Hu Y, Coombes RC, Raguz S, Yagüe E. Apoptosis inhibitor TRIAP1 is a novel effector of drug resistance. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:415-22. [PMID: 25998939 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53-regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (TRIAP1) is a novel apoptosis inhibitor that binds HSP70 in the cytoplasm and blocks the formation of the apoptosome and caspase-9 activation. TRIAP1 has been shown to be upregulated in many types of cancers; however, its role remains elusive. We determined the TRIAP1 mRNA levels in a panel of human tissues and found its expression to be ubiquitous. Normal breast, as well as non-tumorigenic breast cells, exhibited lower TRIAP1 mRNA levels than breast cancer cells or their drug-resistant derivatives. TRIAP1 is a small, evolutionarily conserved protein that is 76 amino acids long. We found that yeast cells, in which the TRIAP1 homologue was knocked out, had increased sensitivity to doxorubicin. Equally, RNA interference in breast cancer drug-resistant cells demonstrated that downregulation of TRIAP1 impaired cell growth in the presence of doxorubicin. As expected, caspase-9 activation was diminished after overexpression of TRIAP1 in drug-resistant cells. Importantly, stable transfections of a TRIAP1 expression plasmid in CAL51 cells led to a marked increase in the number of doxorubicin-resistant clones, that was abolished when cells expressed hairpins targeting TRIAP1. In addition, we showed that TRIAP1 expression was also triggered by estrogen deprivation in MCF-7 cells. Although both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies generated for the present study failed to robustly detect TRIAP1, we demonstrated that TRIAP1 represents a novel marker for drug resistance in breast cancer cells and it may be used in the stratification of breast cancer patients once a suitable antibody has been developed. Equally, these studies open potential drug development strategies for blocking TRIAP1 activity and avoiding drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Adams
- Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Giulia Cazzanelli
- Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sabeena Rasul
- Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ben Hitchinson
- Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Yunhui Hu
- Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - R Charles Coombes
- Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Selina Raguz
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ernesto Yagüe
- Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
242
|
Wang Q, Wang X, Chen Y, Yang K. Research gap of guidelines might be an important approach to prioritization (Letter commenting on: J Clin Epidemiol. 2015;68:341-6). J Clin Epidemiol 2015; 69:251-2. [PMID: 26073901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Peoples' Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Peoples' Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Yaolong Chen
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Peoples' Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Peoples' Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Peoples' Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Lower Breast Cancer Risk among Women following the World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research Lifestyle Recommendations: EpiGEICAM Case-Control Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126096. [PMID: 25978407 PMCID: PMC4433351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background According to the “World Cancer Research Fund” and the “American Institute of Cancer Research” (WCRF/AICR) one in four cancer cases could be prevented through a healthy diet, weight control and physical activity. Objective To explore the association between the WCRF/AICR recommendations and risk of breast cancer. Methods During the period 2006 to 2011 we recruited 973 incident cases of breast cancer and 973 controls from 17 Spanish Regions. We constructed a score based on 9 of the WCRF/AICR recommendations for cancer prevention:: 1)Maintain adequate body weight; 2)Be physically active; 3)Limit the intake of high density foods; 4)Eat mostly plant foods; 5)Limit the intake of animal foods; 6)Limit alcohol intake; 7)Limit salt and salt preserved food intake; 8)Meet nutritional needs through diet; S1)Breastfeed infants exclusively up to 6 months. We explored its association with BC by menopausal status and by intrinsic tumor subtypes (ER+/PR+ & HER2-; HER2+; ER&PR-&HER2-) using conditional and multinomial logistic models respectively. Results Our results point to a linear association between the degree of noncompliance and breast cancer risk. Taking women who met 6 or more recommendations as reference, those meeting less than 3 showed a three-fold excess risk (OR=2.98(CI95%:1.59-5.59)), especially for postmenopausal women (OR=3.60(CI95%:1.24;10.47)) and ER+/PR+&HER2- (OR=3.60(CI95%:1.84;7.05)) and HER2+ (OR=4.23(CI95%:1.66;10.78)) tumors. Noncompliance of recommendations regarding the consumption of foods and drinks that promote weight gain in premenopausal women (OR=2.24(CI95%:1.18;4.28); p for interaction=0.014) and triple negative tumors (OR=2.93(CI95%:1.12-7.63)); the intake of plant foods in postmenopausal women (OR=2.35(CI95%:1.24;4.44)) and triple negative tumors (OR=3.48(CI95%:1.46-8.31)); and the alcohol consumption in ER+/PR+&HER2- tumors (OR=1.52 (CI95%:1.06-2.19)) showed the strongest associations. Conclusion Breast cancer prevention might be possible by following the “World Cancer Research Fund” and the “American Institute of Cancer Research” recommendations, even in settings like Spain, where a high percentage of women already comply with many of them.
Collapse
|
244
|
Liu ZM, Ge XL, Chen JY, Wang PP, Zhang C, Yang X, Zhu HC, Liu J, Qin Q, Xu LP, Lu J, Zhan LL, Cheng HY, Sun XC. Adjuvant Radiotherapy after Breast Conserving Treatment for Breast Cancer: A Dosimetric Comparison between Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy and Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:3257-65. [PMID: 25921129 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.8.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is an important treatment of choice for breast cancer patients after breast- conserving surgery, and we compare the feasibility of using dual arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT2), single arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT1) and Multi-beam Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (M-IMRT) on patients after breast-conserving surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty patients with breast cancer (half right-sided and half left-sided) treated by conservative lumpectomy and requiring whole breast radiotherapy with tumor bed boost were planned with three different radiotherapy techniques: 1) VMAT1; 2) VMAT2; 3) M-IMRT. The distributions for the planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OARs) were compared. Dosimetries for all the techniques were compared. RESULTS All three techniques satisfied the dose constraint well. VMAT2 showed no obvious difference in the homogeneity index (HI) and conformity index (CI) of the PTV with respect to M-IMRT and VMAT1. VMAT2 clearly improved the treatment efficiency and can also decrease the mean dose and V5Gy of the contralateral lung. The mean dose and maximum dose of the spinal cord and contralateral breast were lower for VMAT2 than the other two techniques. The very low dose distribution (V1Gy) of the contralateral breast also showed great reduction in VMAT2 compared with the other two techniques. For the ipsilateral lung of right-sided breast cancer, the mean dose was decreased significantly in VMAT2 compared with VMAT1 and M-IMRT. The V20Gy and V30Gy of the ipsilateral lung of the left- sided breast cancer for VMAT2 showed obvious reduction compared with the other two techniques. The heart statistics of VMAT2 also decreased considerably compared to VMAT1 and M-IMRT. CONCLUSIONS Compared to the other two techniques, the dual arc volumetric modulated arc therapy technique reduced radiation dose exposure to the organs at risk and maintained a reasonable target dose distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Ming Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China E-mail : ;
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
245
|
Elebro K, Borgquist S, Simonsson M, Markkula A, Jirström K, Ingvar C, Rose C, Jernström H. Combined Androgen and Estrogen Receptor Status in Breast Cancer: Treatment Prediction and Prognosis in a Population-Based Prospective Cohort. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3640-50. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
246
|
Yuan Z, Qu X, Wang Y, Zhang DY, Luo JC, Jia N, Zhang ZT. RETRACTED: Enhanced antitumor efficacy of 5-fluorouracil loaded methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) nanoparticles for efficient therapy against breast cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 128:489-497. [PMID: 25779606 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a novel nanocarrier was developed for the delivery of anticancer drug to the cancer tissues. For this purpose, 5-FU loaded methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) (mPEG-PLA) (5-FU NP) based polymeric nanoparticles was designed to increase the chemotherapeutic efficacy against breast cancers. Nanoprecipitation method was used to prepare the drug-loaded nanoparticles. The nanoparticle was evaluated in terms of DLS, TEM, in vitro release kinetics, and in vivo parameters. The average particle diameter of drug loaded NP was ∼110 nm and exhibited a sustained drug release pattern for up to 120 h. The NP exhibited a pH-response drug release pattern with accelerated release at acidic media. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay showed the enhanced cytotoxicity effect of NP formulations in comparison to free drug. The NP system showed remarkable G2/M phase cell cycle arrest with significant amount of apoptosis cells in late and early phase of flow cytometer analysis. Consistently, NP formulation greatly decreased the tumor burden of mice with no sign of adverse effect. TUNEL assay further confirmed the superior anticancer effect of NP formulations which showed a high number of apoptotic cells. The favorable results obtained from this study highlights the potential application of encapsulated 5-FU NP in the treatment of breast cancers. The remarkable anticancer therapeutic efficacy with negligible toxicity profile of 5-FU NP makes it one of the possible alternative for the successful breast cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiang Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dao-Yun Zhang
- Solomon Brothers Medical Institute, 1521 Concord Pike Suite 301, Wilmington, New Castle, DE 19803, USA
| | - Jian-Cheng Luo
- Solomon Brothers Medical Institute, 1521 Concord Pike Suite 301, Wilmington, New Castle, DE 19803, USA
| | - Ning Jia
- Solomon Brothers Medical Institute, 1521 Concord Pike Suite 301, Wilmington, New Castle, DE 19803, USA
| | - Zhong-Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
247
|
Investigation of Proposed Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-Induced Venous Thromboembolism. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2015; 21:420-7. [DOI: 10.1177/1076029615575071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) during chemotherapy is common, with 7% mortality in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). In a prospective cohort study of patients with breast cancer, we investigated whether vascular endothelial cell activation (VECA), and whether apoptosis, is the cause of chemotherapy-induced VTE. Methods: Serum markers of VECA, E-selectin (E-sel), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and d-dimer (fibrin degradation and hypercoagulability marker) were measured prechemotherapy and at 1, 4, and 8 days following chemotherapy. Clinical deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism and occult DVT detected by duplex ultrasound imaging were recorded as VTE-positive (VTE+). In patients with MBC, hypercoagulable response to chemotherapy was compared between patients with and without cancer progression. Development of VTE and cancer progression was assessed 3 months following starting chemotherapy. Results: Of the 134 patients, 10 (7.5%) developed VTE (6 [17%] of 36 MBC receiving palliation, 0 of 11 receiving neoadjuvant to downsize tumor, and 4 [5%] of 87 early breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, P = .06). Levels of E-sel and VCAM-1 decreased in response to chemotherapy ( P < .001) in both VTE+ and patients not developing VTE (VTE−). However, decrease in VECA markers was similar in VTE+ and VTE− patients, implying this is not the cause of VTE. In patients with MBC following chemotherapy, d-dimer (geometric mean) increased by 36% in the 21 patients with MBC responding to chemotherapy but steadily decreased by 11% in the 15 who progressed (day 4, P < .01), implying patients with tumor response (apoptosis) had an early hypercoagulable response. Conclusions: During chemotherapy for breast cancer, VECA is induced; however, this is not the primary mechanism for VTE. Chemotherapy-induced apoptosis may enhance hypercoagulability and initiate VTE.
Collapse
|
248
|
Metabolome analysis via comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography: identification of modified nucleosides from RNA metabolism. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:3555-66. [PMID: 25736241 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8516-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Modified nucleosides derived from the RNA metabolism constitute an important chemical class, which are discussed as potential biomarkers in the detection of mammalian breast cancer. Not only the variability of modifications, but also the complexity of biological matrices such as urinary samples poses challenges in the analysis of modified nucleosides. In the present work, a comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS) approach for the analysis of modified nucleosides in biological samples was established. For prepurification of urinary samples and cell culture supernatants, we performed a cis-diol specific affinity chromatography using boronate-derivatized polyacrylamide gel. In order to establish a 2D-LC method, we tested numerous column combinations and chromatographic conditions. In order to determine the target compounds, we coupled the 2D-LC setup to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer performing full scans, neutral loss scans, and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The combination of a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column with a Zorbax Bonus-RP column was found to deliver a high degree of orthogonality and adequate separation. By application of 2D-LC-MS approaches, we were able to detect 28 target compounds from RNA metabolism and crosslinked pathways in urinary samples and 26 target compounds in cell culture supernatants, respectively. This is the first demonstration of the applicability and benefit of 2D-LC-MS for the targeted metabolome analysis of modified nucleosides and compounds from crosslinked pathways in different biological matrices.
Collapse
|
249
|
Fernandes AS, Flórido A, Saraiva N, Cerqueira S, Ramalhete S, Cipriano M, Cabral MF, Miranda JP, Castro M, Costa J, Oliveira NG. Role of the Copper(II) Complex Cu[15]pyN5 in Intracellular ROS and Breast Cancer Cell Motility and Invasion. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:578-88. [PMID: 25600158 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple mechanisms related to metastases undergo redox regulation. Cu[15]pyN5 is a redox-active copper(II) complex previously studied as a chemotherapy sensitizer in mammary cells. The effects of a cotreatment with Cu[15]pyN5 and doxorubicin (dox) were evaluated in two human breast cancer cell lines: MCF7 (low aggressiveness) and MDA-MB-231 (highly aggressive). Cu[15]pyN5 decreased MCF7-directed cell migration. In addition, a cotreatment with dox and Cu[15]pyN5 reduced the proteolytic invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. Cell detachment was not affected by exposure to these agents. Cu[15]pyN5 and dox significantly increased intracellular ROS in both cell lines. This increase could be at least partially due to H2 O2 accumulation. The combination of Cu[15]pyN5 with dox may be beneficial in breast cancer treatment as it could help reduce cancer cell migration and invasion. Moreover, the ligand [15]pyN5 has a high affinity for copper(II) and displays potential anti-angiogenic properties. Overall, we present a potential drug that might arrest the progression of breast cancer by different and complementary mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana S Fernandes
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, Lisboa, 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Ana Flórido
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, Lisboa, 1749-024, Portugal.,Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Saraiva
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, Lisboa, 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Sara Cerqueira
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, Lisboa, 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Ramalhete
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Madalena Cipriano
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Fátima Cabral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana P Miranda
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Matilde Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Judite Costa
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno G Oliveira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
Doxorubicin-loaded mesoporous magnetic nanoparticles to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 69:355-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|