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Zhang M, Zhao Y, Nan T, Jiao H, Yue S, Huang L, Yuan Y. Genome-wide analysis of Citrus medica ABC transporters reveals the regulation of fruit development by CmABCB19 and CmABCC10. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109027. [PMID: 39154422 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are vital for plant growth and development as they facilitate the transport of essential molecules. Despite the family's significance, limited information exists about its functional distinctions in Citrus medica. Our study identified 119 genes encoding ABC transporter proteins in the C. medica genome. Through an evolutionary tree and qPCR analysis, two ABC genes, CmABCB19 and CmABCC10, were implicated in C. medica fruit development, showing upregulation in normal fruits compared to malformed fruits. CmABCB19 was found to localize to the plasma membrane of Nicotiana tabacum, exhibiting indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) efflux activity in the yeast mutant strain yap1. CmABCC10, a tonoplast-localized transporter, exhibited efflux of diosmin, nobiletin, and naringin, with rutin influx in strain ycf1. Transgenic expression of CmABCB19 and CmABCC10 in Arabidopsis thaliana induced alterations in auxin and flavonoid content, impacting silique and seed size. This effect was attributed to the modulation of structural genes in the auxin biosynthesis (YUC5/9, CYP79B2, CYP83B1, SUR1) and flavonoid biosynthesis (4CL2/3, CHS, CHI, FLS1/3) pathways. In summary, the functional characterization of CmABCB19 and CmABCC10 illuminates auxin and flavonoid transport, offering insights into their interplay with biosynthetic pathways and providing a foundation for understanding the transporter's role in fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Experimental Research Center, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China; National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China.
| | - Yuyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Experimental Research Center, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China; National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China
| | - Tiegui Nan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Experimental Research Center, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China; National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China
| | - Honghong Jiao
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.
| | - Shiyan Yue
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Experimental Research Center, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China; National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Experimental Research Center, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Experimental Research Center, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China; National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China.
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202
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Sapiña-Solano A, Gambera AP, Boscaiu M, Vicente O, Ruiz-González MX. Does the soil microbial community facilitate Mimosa pudica's biological performance under abiotic stress? Growth, tolerance mechanisms, and seismonastic behaviour. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:108971. [PMID: 39094481 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Climate change effects such as soil salinisation or drought dramatically affect native and potentially invasive plant species. Mimosa pudica, originally native to South America but spread to Africa and Asia, exhibits great adaptability to disturbed environments in tropical and subtropical areas. It has become a model organism for studying thigmomorphogenetic behaviour due to its ability to display fast responses to mechanical stimuli. We investigated the effects of salt and water stresses on M. pudica in interaction with a Mediterranean coastal dune microbial community by growing plants on soils collected from dunes near Valencia, Spain. Plant biomass, potential mechanisms of stress tolerance, seismonastic response, and phenology were assessed. Abiotic stress, particularly salt stress, adversely affects plant performance and seismonasty. Mimosa pudica, however, displayed the blockage of Na+ transport at the root level as a primary defence mechanism against salinity. When exposed to natural soils, plants produced more leaves and flowers, with lower flower abortion rates than plants in a sterile substrate, and the stimulated plants displayed faster responses across time before reaching a plateau, while the recovery increased with time. Our results highlight the need for integrative and multidisciplinary approaches to understand plant-abiotic stress-microorganisms interactions. In M. pudica, soil microorganisms had weak or no effects on biomass or biochemical stress markers; however, their presence strongly improved reproductive traits and seismonasty, thus facilitating potential plant establishment in a new environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Sapiña-Solano
- Institute for Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Anna P Gambera
- Institute for Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Monica Boscaiu
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM). Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Oscar Vicente
- Institute for Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Mario X Ruiz-González
- Institute for Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain.
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203
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Zheng D, Jin S, Liu PS, Ye J, Xie X. Targeting ferroptosis by natural products in pathophysiological conditions. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:3191-3208. [PMID: 38987487 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of cell death that is induced by iron-mediated accumulation of lipid peroxidation. The involvement of ferroptosis in different pathophysiological conditions has offered new perspectives on potential therapeutic interventions. Natural products, which are widely recognized for their significance in drug discovery and repurposing, have shown great promise in regulating ferroptosis by targeting various ferroptosis players. In this review, we discuss the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis and its implications in different pathological conditions. We dissect the interactions between natural products and ferroptosis in cancer, ischemia/reperfusion, neurodegenerative diseases, acute kidney injury, liver injury, and cardiomyopathy, with an emphasis on the relevance of ferroptosis players to disease targetability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daheng Zheng
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shikai Jin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pu-Ste Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jianping Ye
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xin Xie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
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204
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Narayanan AK, Nagegowda DA. Biosynthesis of the triterpenoid withanolides in Withaniasomnifera. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102576. [PMID: 38878523 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L. Dunal) is a versatile medicinal plant of Solanaceae family, renowned for its potent therapeutic properties, due to which it is extensively used in Indian traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda. The medicinal properties are attributed to specialized metabolites known as withanolides, which are chemically triterpenoid steroidal lactones. Despite their significance, the biosynthetic pathway of withanolides remains poorly understood. It is hypothesized that withanolides are synthesized through the universal sterol pathway, wherein sterol precursors undergo various biochemical modifications such as hydroxylation, oxidation, cyclization, and glycosylation, yielding a diverse array of downstream withanolides and withanosides. Consequently, comprehending the biosynthetic pathway of withanolides is crucial to facilitate advancements in withanolides productivity through metabolic engineering or synthetic biology approaches. This article aims to provide an update on the efforts made toward understanding withanolides formation and regulation and highlights gaps and approaches to elucidate the withanolides biosynthesis in W. somnifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananth Krishna Narayanan
- Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab, CSIR- Central Institute of Medicinal Aromatic Plants, Research Centre, Bengaluru 560065, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dinesh A Nagegowda
- Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab, CSIR- Central Institute of Medicinal Aromatic Plants, Research Centre, Bengaluru 560065, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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205
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Dias Lopes C, He X, Ariel F, Pereyra-Bistraín LI, Benhamed M. The MVPs (masterful versatile players): Chromatin factors as pivotal mediators between 3D genome organization and the response to environment. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102599. [PMID: 38991465 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the study of genome dynamics has become a prominent research field due to its influence on understanding the control of gene expression. The study of 3D genome organization has unveiled multiple mechanisms in orchestrating chromosome folding. Growing evidence reveals that these mechanisms are not only important for genome organization, but play a pivotal role in enabling plants to adapt to environmental stimuli. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge concerning epigenetic factors and regulatory elements driving 3D genome dynamics and their responses to external stimuli. We discuss the most recent findings, previous evidence, and explore their implications for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Dias Lopes
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Xiaoning He
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Federico Ariel
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, and Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo I Pereyra-Bistraín
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, 91405, France; Université de Paris Cité, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), F-91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Moussa Benhamed
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, 91405, France; Université de Paris Cité, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), F-91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Orsay, 91405, France.
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206
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Vo BT, Mas P, Johannes F. Time's up: Epigenetic clocks in plants. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102602. [PMID: 39024859 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
For over a decade, the animal field has led the way in using DNA methylation measurements to construct epigenetic clocks of aging. These clocks can predict organismal age with a level of accuracy that surpasses any other molecular proxy known to date. Evidence is finally emerging that epigenetic clocks also exist in plants. However, these clocks appear to differ from those in animals in some key aspects, including in their ability to measure time beyond the life span of an individual. Clock-like epigenetic changes can be found in plant circadian rhythms (scale: 24 h), during plant aging (scale: weeks/centuries), and across plant lineage evolution (scale: decades/millennia). Here, we provide a first classification of these different types of epigenetic clocks, highlight their main features, and discuss their biological basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binh Thanh Vo
- Plant Epigenomics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Paloma Mas
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frank Johannes
- Plant Epigenomics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany.
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207
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Ma L, Zhang T, Zhu QH, Zhang X, Sun J, Liu F. HSP70 and APX1 play important roles in cotton male fertility by mediating ROS homeostasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134856. [PMID: 39168224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Male sterility is used in the production of hybrid seeds and can improve the breeding efficiency of cotton hybrids. Reactive oxygen species is closely associated with the tapetum and pollen development, but their relationship in cotton male fertility remains unclear. In this study, we comprehensively compared the cytology and proteome of the anthers from an Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) material, Shida 98 (WT), and its nearly-isogenic male sterile line Shida 98A (MS). Cytology indicated delayed PCD in the tapetum and defects in microspores in MS anthers. And further studies revealed disruption of ROS homeostasis. Proteomic analysis identified proteins with differential abundance mainly being related to redox homeostasis, protein folding, and apoptotic signaling pathways. GhAPX1 interacted with GhHSP70 and played a crucial role in the development of cotton anthers. Exogenous application of HSP70 inhibitor increased H2O2 content and decreased the activity of APX1 and pollen viability. The GhAPX1 mutants generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing exhibited premature degradation of the tapetum, significant decrease in pollen viability, and significant increase in H2O2 content. Altogether, our results imply HSP70 and APX1 being the key players jointly regulating male fertility by mediating ROS homeostasis. These results provide insights into the proteins associated with male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qian-Hao Zhu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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208
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Kaplan Y, Wang Y, Manasherova E, Cohen H, Ginzberg I. Metabolic and gene-expression analyses reveal developmental dynamics of cutin deposition in pomegranate fruit grown under different environmental conditions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:108991. [PMID: 39106765 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
The chemical and transcriptional changes in the cuticle of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit grown under different environmental conditions were studied. We collected fruit from three orchards located in different regions in Israel, each with a distinct microclimate. Fruit were collected at six phenological stages, and cutin monomers in the fruit cuticle were profiled by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), along with qPCR transcript-expression analyses of selected cutin-related genes. While fruit phenotypes were comparable along development in all three orchards, principal component analyses of cutin monomer profiles suggested clear separation between cuticle samples of young green fruit to those of maturing fruit. Moreover, total cutin contents in green fruit were lower in the orchard characterized by a hot and dry climate compared to orchards with moderate temperatures. The variances detected in total cutin contents between orchards corresponded well with the expression patterns of BODYGUARD, a key biosynthetic gene operating in the cutin biosynthetic pathway. Based on our extraction protocols, we found that the cutin polyester that builds the pomegranate fruit cuticle accumulates some levels of gallic acid-the precursor of punicalagin, a well-known potent antioxidant metabolite in pomegranate fruit. The gallic acid was also one of the predominant metabolites contributing to the variability between developmental stages and orchards, and its accumulation levels were opposite to the expression patterns of the UGT73AL1 gene which glycosylates gallic acid to synthesize punicalagin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed composition of the cutin polyester that forms the pomegranate fruit cuticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kaplan
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
| | - Yuying Wang
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
| | - Ekaterina Manasherova
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
| | - Hagai Cohen
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
| | - Idit Ginzberg
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
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209
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Tzean Y, Wang KT, Lee PY, Wu TM. Assessing the impact of arsenite and arsenate on Sarcodia suae: a tale of two toxicities. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 33:937-947. [PMID: 39026049 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02793-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (iAs), which predominantly occurs as arsenite (As3+) and arsenate (As5+) in natural water, is primarily accumulated by seaweed in marine environments. However, the detailed mechanisms through which As3+ and As5+ affect the physiological processes of these organisms remain largely unknown. This study focused on evaluating the toxicological effects of As3+ and As5+ on the seaweed Sarcodia suae. Exposure to As3+ and As5+ resulted in IC50 values of 401.5 ± 9.4 μg L-1 and 975.8 ± 13 μg L-1, respectively. Morphological alterations and a reduction in phycoerythrin content were observed, particularly under As3+ exposure, with increased lipid peroxidation as evidenced by higher malondialdehyde levels. Exposure to As3+ also elevated the production of superoxide radicals, while decreasing hydrogen peroxide levels specifically in the presence of As3+. The induction of antioxidative enzyme activities, namely superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase was observed, signaling an adaptive response to iAs-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, levels of the antioxidants ascorbate and glutathione were elevated post-exposure, especially in response to As3+. Additionally, bioaccumulation of arsenic was significantly higher in the As3+ compared to As5+. Collectively, the data suggest that As3+ imposes greater adverse effects and oxidative stress to S. suae, which responds by adjusting its antioxidative defense mechanisms to mitigate oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh Tzean
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Teng Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yi Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Meng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan.
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210
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Hani U, Krieger-Liszkay A. Manganese deficiency alters photosynthetic electron transport in Marchantia polymorpha. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109042. [PMID: 39173366 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is considered as an essential element for plant growth. Mn starvation has been shown to affect photosystem II, the site of the Mn4CaO5 cluster responsible for water oxidation. Less is known on the effect of Mn starvation on photosystem I. Here we studied the effects of Mn deficiency in vivo on redox changes of P700 and plastocyanin (Pc) in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha using the KLAS-NIR spectrophotometer. Far-red illumination is used to excite preferentially photosystem I, thus facilitating cyclic electron transport. Under Mn starvation, we observed slower oxidation of P700 and a decrease in the Pc signal relative to P700. The lower Pc content under Mn deficiency was confirmed by western blots. Re-reduction kinetics of P700+ and Pc+ were faster in Mn deficient thalli than in the control. The above findings show that the kinetics studied under Mn deficiency not only depend on the number of available reductants but also on how quickly electrons are transferred from stromal donors via the intersystem chain to Pc+ and P700+. We suggest that under Mn deficiency a structural reorganization of the thylakoid membrane takes place favoring the formation of supercomplexes between ferredoxin, cytochrome b6f complex, Pc and photosystem I, and thus an enhanced cyclic electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umama Hani
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Anja Krieger-Liszkay
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.
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211
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Xie B, Zhao Z, Wang X, Wang Q, Yuan X, Guo C, Xu L. Exogenous protectants alleviate ozone stress in Trifolium repens: Impacts on plant growth and endophytic fungi. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109059. [PMID: 39178802 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Industrialization-driven surface ozone (O3) pollution significantly impairs plant growth. This study evaluates the effectiveness of exogenous protectants [3 mg L⁻1 abscisic acid (ABA), 400 mg L⁻1 ethylenediurea (EDU), and 80 mg L⁻1 spermidine (Spd)] on Trifolium repens subjected to O3 stress in open-top chambers, focusing on plant growth and dynamics of culturable endophytic fungal communities. Results indicate that O3 exposure adversely affects photosynthesis, reducing root biomass and altering root structure, which further impacts the ability of plant to absorb essential nutrients such as potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and zinc (Zn). Conversely, the application of ABA, EDU, and Spd significantly enhanced total biomass and chlorophyll content in T. repens. Specifically, ABA and Spd significantly improved root length, root surface area, and root volume, while EDU effectively reduced leaves' malondialdehyde levels, indicating decreased oxidative stress. Moreover, ABA and Spd treatments significantly increased leaf endophytic fungal diversity, while root fungal abundance declined. The relative abundance of Alternaria in leaves was substantially reduced by these treatments, which correlated with enhanced chlorophyll content and photosynthesis. Concurrently, EDU and Spd treatments increased the abundance of Plectosphaerella, enhance the absorption of K, Ca, and Mg. In roots, ABA treatment increased the abundance of Paecilomyces, while Spd treatment enhanced the presence of Stemphylium, linked to improved nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and K uptake. These findings suggest that specific symbiotic fungi mitigate O3-induced stress by enhancing nutrient absorption, promoting growth. This study highlights the potential of exogenous protectants to enhance plant resilience against O3 pollution through modulating interactions with endophytic fungal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xie
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Zipeng Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Xiaona Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Chang Guo
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Lang Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
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212
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Chieti MG, Petrucciani A, Mollo L, Gerotto C, Eusebi AL, Fatone F, Norici A, González-Camejo J. Acclimated green microalgae consortium to treat sewage in an alternative urban WWTP in a coastal area of Central Italy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174056. [PMID: 38901581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
This study exposed a microalgal consortium formed by Auxenochlorella protothecoides, Tetradesmus obliquus, and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to six mixed wastewater media containing different proportions of primary (P) or secondary (S) effluents diluted in centrate (C). Algae could grow at centrate concentrations up to 50 %, showing no significant differences between effluents. After acclimation, microalgae cultivated in 50%P-50%C and 50%S-50%C grew at a rate similar to that of control cultures (0.59-0.66 d-1). These results suggest that the consortium acclimated to both sewage streams by modulating the proportion of the species and their metabolism. Acclimation also altered the photosynthetic activity of wastewater-grown samples compared to the control, probably due to partial photoinhibition, changes in consortium composition, and changes in metabolic activity. No major differences were observed between the two streams with respect to biochemical composition, biomass yield, or bioremediation capacity of the cultivated algae but algae grown in the secondary effluent showed qualitatively higher exopolysaccharides (EPS) production than algae grown in primary. Regarding wastewater remediation, microalgae grown in both WW media showed proficient nutrient removal efficiencies (close to 100 %); however, the final pH value (close to 11) would be controversial if the system were upscaled as it is over the legal limit and would cause phosphorus precipitation, so that CO2 addition would be required. The theoretical scale-up of the microalgae system could achieve water treatment costs of 0.109 €·m-3, which was significantly lower than the costs of typical activated sludge systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Chieti
- SIMAU, Dipartimento di Scienza e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; DICAr, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Architettura, Facoltà di Ingegneria - Università di Catania, Catania (CT), Italy
| | - A Petrucciani
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - L Mollo
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - C Gerotto
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - A L Eusebi
- SIMAU, Dipartimento di Scienza e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - F Fatone
- SIMAU, Dipartimento di Scienza e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - A Norici
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - J González-Camejo
- SIMAU, Dipartimento di Scienza e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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213
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Zhang Y, Hu L, Wang S, Gou X, Guo Q, Liang G. Genome-wide identification of R2R3-MYB family in Eriobotrya japonica and functional analysis of EjMYB5 involved in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 347:112198. [PMID: 39029629 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) is a popular fruit and medicinal plant. Proanthocyanidins (PAs), as one of the main types of flavonoids, are the key components of loquat fruit quality and medicinal properties. However, the identification of transcription factors (TFs) involved in PA accumulation in loquat remains limited. R2R3-MYB TFs play key regulatory role in PA accumulation in plants. In this study, 190 R2R3-MYB TFs were identified in loquat genome. Combined with transcriptome data, R2R3-MYB TF EjMYB5 involved in PA accumulation in loquat was isolated. EjMYB5 was transcriptional activator localized to nucleus. Expression of EjMYB5 was closely related to PA accumulation in loquat fruits. Heterogenous overexpression of EjMYB5 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) inhibited anthocyanin accumulation and promoted PA accumulation. Additionally, transient overexpression of EjMYB5 in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) leaves promoted PA accumulation by upregulating flavonoid biosynthesis genes (NtDFR, NtANS, and NtLAR). Transcriptome analysis of EjMYB5-overexpressing tomato fruits suggested that EjMYB5 was involved in several biological pathways, including lipid metabolism, MAPK signaling, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis. Collectively, our findings provided basic data for further analysis the function of R2R3-MYB TFs in loquat, and revealed that EjMYB5 functioned as PA accumulation in loquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Luyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiuhong Gou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qigao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Guolu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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214
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Chan C, Liao YJ, Chiou SP. Stress induced factor 2 is a dual regulator for defense and seed germination in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 347:112200. [PMID: 39038707 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) constitute a diverse superfamily of proteins pivotal for various plant physiological processes, including responses to pathogens, hormone perception, growth, and development. Their ability to recognize conserved epitopes for general elicitors and specific pathogens marked significant advancements in plant pathology research. Emerging evidence suggests that RLKs and associated components also act as modulators in hormone signaling and cellular trafficking, showcasing their multifunctional roles in growth and development. Notably, STRESS INDUCED FACTOR 2 (SIF2) stands out as a representative with distinct expression patterns in different Arabidopsis organs. Our prior work highlighted the specific induction of SIF2 expression in guard cells, emphasizing its positive contribution to stomatal immunity. Expanding on these findings, our present study delves into the diverse functions of SIF2 expression in root tissues. Utilizing comprehensive physiology, molecular biology, protein biochemistry, and genetic analyses, we reveal that SIF2 modulates abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in Arabidopsis roots. SIF2 is epistatic with key regulators in the ABA signaling pathway, thereby governing the expression of genes crucial for dormancy release and, consequently, Arabidopsis seed germination. This study sheds light on the intricate roles of SIF2 as a multi-functional RLK, underscoring its organ-specific contributions to plant immunity, hormonal regulation, and seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Chan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Jun Liao
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Shian-Peng Chiou
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
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215
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Chen Y, Hajslova J, Schusterova D, Uttl L, Vymazal J, Chen Z. Transformation and degradation of tebuconazole and its metabolites in constructed wetlands with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 263:122129. [PMID: 39094199 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization has been used in constructed wetlands (CWs) to enhance treatment performance. However, its role in azole (fungicide) degradation and microbial community changes is not well understood. This study aims to explore the impact of AMF on the degradation of tebuconazole and its metabolites in CWs. Total organic carbon levels were consistently higher with the colonization of AMF (AMF+; 9.63- 16.37 mg/L) compared to without the colonization of AMF (AMF-; 8.79-14.48 mg/L) in CWs. Notably, tebuconazole removal was swift, occurring within one day in both treatments (p = 0.885), with removal efficiencies ranging from 94.10 % to 97.83 %. That's primarily due to rapid substrate absorption at the beginning, while degradation follows with a longer time. Four metabolites were reported in CWs first time: tebuconazole hydroxy, tebuconazole lactone, tebuconazole carboxy acid, and tebuconazole dechloro. AMF decreased the abundance of tebuconazole dechloro in the liquid phase, suggesting an inhibitory effect of AMF on dechlorination processes. Furthermore, tebuconazole carboxy acid and hydroxy were predominantly found in plant roots, with a higher abundance observed in AMF+ treatments. Metagenomic analysis highlighted an increasing abundance in bacterial community structure in favor of beneficial microorganisms (xanthomonadales, xanthomonadaceae, and lysobacter), along with a notable presence of functional genes like codA, NAD, and deaD in AMF+ treatments. These findings highlight the positive influence of AMF on tebuconazole stress resilience, microbial community modification, and the enhancement of bioremediation capabilities in CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingrun Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hajslova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Schusterova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Leos Uttl
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vymazal
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
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216
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Shen X, Guan Z, Zhang C, Yan Z, Sun C. The multicellular compartmentation of plant specialized metabolism. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102616. [PMID: 39142253 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The phenomenon of multicellular compartmentation in biosynthetic pathways has been documented for only a limited subset of specialized metabolites, despite its hypothesized significance in facilitating plant survival and adaptation to environmental stress. Transporters that shuttle metabolic intermediates between cells are hypothesized to be integral components enabling compartmentalized biosynthesis. Nevertheless, our understanding of the multicellular compartmentation of plant specialized metabolism and the associated intermediate transporters remains incomplete. The emergence of single-cell and spatial multiomics techniques holds promise for shedding light on unresolved questions in this field, such as the prevalence of multicellular compartmentation across the plant kingdom and the specific types of specialized metabolites whose biosynthetic pathways are prone to compartmentation. Advancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying multicellular compartmentation will contribute to improving the production of specialized target metabolites through metabolic engineering or synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Shen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhijing Guan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chuyi Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaojiu Yan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, 100700, China.
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217
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Shen H, Zhou Y, Xiao H, Ding Y, Chen G, Yang Z, Hu Z, Wu T. SlFSR positively regulates ethylene biosynthesis and lycopene accumulation during fruit ripening in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109008. [PMID: 39226760 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are crucial for regulating fruit ripening in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The GRAS (GAI, RGA, and SCR) TFs are involved in various physiological processes, but their role in fruit ripening has seldom been reported. We have previously identified a gene encoding GRAS protein named SlFSR (Fruit Shelf-life Regulator), which is implicated in fruit ripening by regulating cell wall metabolism; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that SlFSR proteins are localized to the nucleus, where they could bind to specific DNA sequences. SlFSR acts downstream of the master ripening regulator RIN and could collaborate with RIN to control the ripening process by regulating expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes. In SlFSR-CR (CRISPR/Cas9) mutants, the initiation of fruit ripening was not affected but the reduced ethylene production and a delayed coloring process occurred. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and promoter analysis reveal that SlFSR directly binds to the promoters of two key ethylene biosynthesis genes (SlACO1 and SlACO3) and activates their expression. However, SlFSR-CR fruits displayed a significant down-regulation of key rate-limiting genes (SlDXS1 and SlGGPPS2) in the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which may account for the impaired lycopene synthesis. Altogether, we propose that SlFSR positively regulates ethylene biosynthesis and lycopene accumulation, providing valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Haojun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yingfeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Zheng'an Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Zongli Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Ting Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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218
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Wairich A, Wang Y, Werner BT, Vaziritabar Y, Frei M, Wu LB. The role of ascorbate redox turnover in iron toxicity tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109045. [PMID: 39154421 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) toxicity is a major abiotic stress in lowland rice production. Breeding tolerant varieties has proven challenging due to the complex genetic architecture of Fe toxicity tolerance and the strong genotype-by-environment interactions. Additionally, conventional methods for phenotyping visible stress symptoms are often inaccurate, inconsistent, and lack reproducibility. In our previous work, we identified that ascorbate redox regulation, mediated by the activities of dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and ascorbate oxidase (AO), contributed to high tolerance in an indica rice genotype across various environments. To explore whether this mechanism is common among other rice genotypes, we selected ten genotypes with contrasting stress symptoms under Fe-toxic conditions to examine the roles of DHAR and AO in regulating Fe toxicity tolerance. Additionally, we aimed to develop objective and accurate image-based phenotyping methods to replace the traditional leaf bronzing scoring method. Among the ten genotypes we tested, we found significant positive correlations between DHAR activity and stress symptoms in plants grown under both Fe toxicity and control conditions, suggesting a general link between ascorbate redox regulation and Fe toxicity tolerance. Using RGB signals from leaf images of plants exposed to 1000 mg/L Fe2+, we evaluated 36 different color indices to quantify stress symptoms. We identified the normalized green‒red difference index as most significant in quantifying stress symptoms under Fe toxicity conditions. Our findings suggest that DHAR activity could be potentially employed as a biomarker in the screening of rice germplasms and breeding tolerant cultivars to Fe toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriele Wairich
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding I, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding I, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard T Werner
- Institute for Phytopathology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yavar Vaziritabar
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding I, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Frei
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding I, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lin-Bo Wu
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding I, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
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219
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Kaushik S, Hung TI, Chang CA. Molecular mechanics studies of factors affecting overall rate in cascade reactions: Multi-enzyme colocalization and environment. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5175. [PMID: 39276014 PMCID: PMC11401055 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
Millions of years of evolution have optimized many biosynthetic pathways by use of multi-step catalysis. In addition, multi-step metabolic pathways are commonly found in and on membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic biochemistry. The fundamental mechanisms that facilitate these reaction processes provide strategies to bioengineer metabolic pathways in synthetic chemistry. Using Brownian dynamics simulations, here we modeled intermediate substrate transportation of colocalized yeast-ester biosynthesis enzymes on the membrane. The substrate acetate ion traveled from the pocket of aldehyde dehydrogenase to its target enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase, then the substrate acetyl CoA diffused from Acs1 to the active site of the next enzyme, alcohol-O-acetyltransferase. Arranging two enzymes with the smallest inter-enzyme distance of 60 Å had the fastest average substrate association time as compared with anchoring enzymes with larger inter-enzyme distances. When the off-target side reactions were turned on, most substrates were lost, which suggests that native localization is necessary for efficient final product synthesis. We also evaluated the effects of intermolecular interactions, local substrate concentrations, and membrane environment to bring mechanistic insights into the colocalization pathways. The computation work demonstrates that creating spatially organized multi-enzymes on membranes can be an effective strategy to increase final product synthesis in bioengineering systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivansh Kaushik
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ta I Hung
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - Chia‐en A. Chang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA
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220
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Panich J, Toppari E, Tejedor-Sanz S, Fong B, Dugan E, Chen Y, Petzold CJ, Zhao Z, Yoshikuni Y, Savage DF, Singer SW. Functional plasticity of HCO 3- uptake and CO 2 fixation in Cupriavidus necator H16. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 410:131214. [PMID: 39127361 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Despite its prominence, the ability to engineer Cupriavidus necator H16 for inorganic carbon uptake and fixation is underexplored. We tested the roles of endogenous and heterologous genes on C. necator inorganic carbon metabolism. Deletion of β-carbonic anhydrase can had the most deleterious effect on C. necator autotrophic growth. Replacement of this native uptake system with several classes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) transporters from Cyanobacteria and chemolithoautotrophic bacteria recovered autotrophic growth and supported higher cell densities compared to wild-type (WT) C. necator in batch culture. Strains expressing Halothiobacillus neopolitanus DAB2 (hnDAB2) and diverse rubisco homologs grew in CO2 similarly to the wild-type strain. Our experiments suggest that the primary role of carbonic anhydrase during autotrophic growth is to support anaplerotic metabolism, and an array of DIC transporters can complement this function. This work demonstrates flexibility in HCO3- uptake and CO2 fixation in C. necator, providing new pathways for CO2-based biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Panich
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Emili Toppari
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sara Tejedor-Sanz
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Advanced Biofuel and Bioproducts Process Development Unit, Lawrence Berkeley NationalLaboratory, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Bonnie Fong
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Eli Dugan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yan Chen
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Christopher J Petzold
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Zhiying Zhao
- The US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yasuo Yoshikuni
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; The US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720, USA; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA94720, USA
| | - David F Savage
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Steven W Singer
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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221
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Trovagunta R, Marquez R, Tolosa L, Barrios N, Zambrano F, Suarez A, Pal L, Gonzalez R, Hubbe MA. Lignin self-assembly phenomena and valorization strategies for pulping, biorefining, and materials development: Part 1. The physical chemistry of lignin self-assembly. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 332:103247. [PMID: 39126917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Physical chemistry aspects are emphasized in this comprehensive review of self-assembly phenomena involving lignin in various forms. Attention to this topic is justified by the very high availability, low cost, and renewable nature of lignin, together with opportunities to manufacture diverse products, for instance, polymers/resins, bioplastics, carbon fibers, bio-asphalt, sunscreen components, hydrophobic layers, and microcapsules. The colloidal lignin material, nanoparticles, and microstructures that can be formed as a result of changes in solvent properties, pH, or other adjustments to a suspending medium have been shown to depend on many factors. Such factors are examined in this work based on the concepts of self-assembly, which can be defined as an organizing principle dependent on specific attributes of the starting entities themselves. As a means to promote such concepts and to facilitate further development of nano-scale lignin products, this article draws upon evidence from a wide range of studies. These include investigations of many different plant sources of lignin, processes of delignification, solvent systems, anti-solvent systems or other means of achieving phase separation, and diverse means of achieving colloidal stability (if desired) of resulting self-assembled lignin structures. Knowledge of the self-organization behavior of lignin can provide significant structural information to optimize the use of lignin in value-added applications. Examples include chemical conditions and preparation procedures in which lignin-related compounds of particles organize themselves as spheres, hollow spheres, surface-bound layers, and a variety of other structures. Published articles show that such processes can be influenced by the selection of lignin type, pulping or extraction processes, functional groups such as phenolic, carboxyl, and sulfonate, chemical derivatization reactions, solvent applications, aqueous conditions, and physical processes, such as agitation. Precipitation from non-aqueous solutions represents a key focus of lignin self-assembly research. The review also considers stabilization mechanisms of self-assembled lignin-related structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald Marquez
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Laura Tolosa
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Nelson Barrios
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | | | - Antonio Suarez
- WestRock Company, 2742 Charles City Rd, Richmond, VA 23231, USA
| | - Lokendra Pal
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Ronalds Gonzalez
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Martin A Hubbe
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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Gupta S, Kant K, Kaur N, Jindal P, Naeem M, Khan MN, Ali A. Polyamines: Rising stars against metal and metalloid toxicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109030. [PMID: 39137683 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Globally, metal/metalloid(s) soil contamination is a persistent issue that affects the atmosphere, soil, water and plant health in today's industrialised world. However, an overabundance of these transition ions promotes the excessive buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ion imbalance, which harms agricultural productivity. Plants employ several strategies to overcome their negative effects, including hyperaccumulation, tolerance, exclusion, and chelation with organic molecules. Polyamines (PAs) are the organic compounds that act as chelating agents and modulate various physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes under metal/metalloid(s) stress. Their catabolic products, including H2O2 and gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), are also crucial signalling molecules in abiotic stress situations, particularly under metal/metalloid(s) stress. In this review, we explained how PAs regulate genes and enzymes, particularly under metal/metalloid(s) stress with a specific focus on arsenic (As), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn). The PAs regulate various plant stress responses by crosstalking with other plant hormones, upregulating phytochelatin, and metallothionein synthesis, modulating stomatal closure and antioxidant capacity. This review presents valuable insights into how PAs use a variety of tactics to reduce the harmful effects of metal/metalloid(s) through multifaceted strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Gupta
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India
| | - Krishan Kant
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India
| | - Parnika Jindal
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India
| | - M Naeem
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 2020002, UP, India
| | - M Nasir Khan
- Renewable Energy and Environmental Technology Center, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia; Department of Science and Basic Studies, Applied College, University of Tabuk, Tabuk-71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akbar Ali
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India.
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Naseer MA, Zhang ZQ, Mukhtar A, Asad MS, Wu HY, Yang H, Zhou XB. Strigolactones: A promising tool for nutrient acquisition through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis and abiotic stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109057. [PMID: 39173365 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) constitute essential phytohormones that control pathogen defense, resilience to phosphate deficiency and abiotic stresses. Furthermore, SLs are released into the soil by roots, especially in conditions in which there is inadequate phosphate or nitrogen available. SLs have the aptitude to stimulate the root parasite plants and symbiotic cooperation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in rhizosphere. The use of mineral resources, especially phosphorus (P), by host plants is accelerated by AMF, which also improves plant growth and resilience to a series of biotic and abiotic stresses. Thus, these SL treatments that promote rhizobial symbiosis are substitutes for artificial fertilizers and other chemicals, supporting ecologically friendly farming practices. Moreover, SLs have become a fascinating target for abiotic stress adaptation in plants, with an array of uses in sustainable agriculture. In this review, the biological activity has been summarized that SLs as a signaling hormone for AMF symbiosis, nutrient acquisition, and abiotic stress tolerance through interaction with other hormones. Furthermore, the processes behind the alterations in the microbial population caused by SL are clarified, emphasizing the interplay with other signaling mechanisms. This review covers the latest developments in SL studies as well as the properties of SLs on microbial populations, plant hormone transductions, interactions and abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asad Naseer
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhi Qin Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Ahmed Mukhtar
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | | | - Hai Yan Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Xun Bo Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Nguyen TH, Kim MJ, Kim J. The transcription factor LBD10 sustains pollen tube growth and integrity by modulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis via the regulation of flavonol biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 244:131-146. [PMID: 39113420 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Reproduction in angiosperms relies on the precise growth of pollen tubes, facilitating the delivery of sperm cells to the ovule for double fertilization. LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN10 (LBD10), a plant-specific transcription factor, plays a pivotal role in Arabidopsis pollen development. Here, we uncovered LBD10's function in sustaining pollen tube growth and integrity. The lbd10 mutant exhibited elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in both pollen grains and tubes, leading to compromised pollen tube growth. The inhibition of ROS synthesis and scavenging of excess ROS with an antioxidant treatment each alleviated these defects in lbd10. The lbd10 mutant displayed reduced flavonol accumulation in both pollen grains and tubes. All the altered phenotypes of lbd10 were complemented by expressing LBD10 under its native promoter. Exogenous application of flavonoids recused the defects in pollen tube growth and integrity in lbd10, along with reducing the excess levels of ROS and H2O2. LBD10 directly binds the promoters of key flavonol biosynthesis genes in chromatin and promotes reporter gene expression in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts. Our findings indicate that LBD10 modulates ROS homeostasis by transcriptionally activating genes crucial for flavonol biosynthesis, thereby maintaining pollen tube growth and integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu-Hien Nguyen
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Jungmook Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
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225
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Chao E, Song S, Guo Y, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Zhang H. Overexpression of PagLOL1b improves drought tolerance through increasing water use efficiency and reactive oxygen species scavenging in transgenic poplar. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134926. [PMID: 39182878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
LESION SIMULATING DISEASE1 (LSD) family genes play a key role in plant response to abiotic and biotic stress. However, their functions in the resistance of tree to drought stress are still largely not clear. Here, five LSD family genes in poplar genome were identified. Phylogenetic and collinear relationship analysis showed that they belonged to LSD, LSD-one-like 1 (LOL1) and LSD-one-like 2 (LOL2) subfamilies, and experienced two segmental duplication events. PagLSDs were highly conserved in gene structure, and all PagLSDs contained at least two LSD domains. Expression pattern and cis-acting element analyses showed that PagLSDs were widely expressed in different organs, significantly induced by polyethylene glycol, and possessed a great number of plant growth, development, plant hormones, and biotic and abiotic stress elements in their promoter regions. Further physiological experiments with transgenic poplar plants revealed that overexpression of PagLOL1b significantly enhanced the drought tolerance of transgenic plants. The improved drought tolerance was closely associated with the significant increase in stomatal closure, water use efficiency, antioxidant enzyme gene expression and antioxidant enzyme activity in transgenic plants. The results in our study imply that PagLOL1b has great potential in the engineering of new tree varieties resistant to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkun Chao
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province 264025, China; College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 57 Jingxuanxi Road, Qufu, Shandong Province 273165, China
| | - Shuo Song
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province 264025, China
| | - Yu Guo
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province 264025, China
| | - Yihua Liu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Middle Section of Shuangling Road, Linyi, Shandong Province 276000, China.
| | - Yanqiu Zhao
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province 264025, China; State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China.
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province 264025, China; College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 57 Jingxuanxi Road, Qufu, Shandong Province 273165, China; College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Middle Section of Shuangling Road, Linyi, Shandong Province 276000, China; State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China; Zhaoyuan Shenghui Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd, North of Beiyuanzhuang village, Fushan County, Zhaoyuan, Shandong Province 265400, China.
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226
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Chen Y, Huang R, Chen J, Lin C, Wu Y, Chen J, Shen Q, Wang F, Duan L, Cui H. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclases from Artemisia argyi. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 222:106533. [PMID: 38876402 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Artemisia argyi is a traditional medicinal and edible plant, generating various triterpenoids with pharmacological activities, such as anti-virus, anti-cancer, and anti-oxidant. The 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase family of A. argyi offers novel insights into the triterpenoid pathway, which might contribute to the medicinal value of its tissue extracts. Nevertheless, the biosynthesis of active triterpenoids in Artemisia argyi is still uncertain. In this study, four putative OSC (2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase) genes (AaOSC1-4) were first isolated and identified from A. argyi. Through the yeast heterologous expression system, three AaOSCs were characterized for the biosynthesis of diverse triterpenoids including cycloartenol, β-amyrin, (3S,13R)-malabarica-14(27),17,21-trien-3β-ol, and dammara-20,24-dien-3β-ol. AaOSC1 was a multifunctional dammara-20,24-dien-3β-ol synthase, which yielded 8 different triterpenoids, including tricyclic, and tetracyclic products. AaOSC2 and AaOSC3 were cycloartenol, and β-amyrin synthases, respectively. As a result, these findings provide a deeper understanding of the biosynthesis pathway of triterpenes in A. argyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaman Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ruoshi Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiabo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chumin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuhong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jitong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lixin Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Honghua Cui
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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227
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Liu A, Wang J, Zhou A, Yang F, Pan X, She Z, Yue Z. Interaction between acid-tolerant alga Graesiella sp. MA1 and schwertmannite under long-term acidic condition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174017. [PMID: 38897455 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Schwertmannite (Sch), a typical Fe(III)-oxyhydroxysulphate mineral, is the precipitation reservoir of toxic elements in acid mine drainage (AMD). Acid-tolerant microbes in AMD can participate in the microbe-mediated transformation of Sch, while Sch affects the physiological characteristics of these acid-tolerant microbes. Based on our discovery of algae and Sch enrichment in a contaminated acid mine pit lake, we predicted the interaction between algae and Sch when incubated together. The acid-tolerant alga Graesiella sp. MA1 was isolated from the pit-lake surface water of an acidic mine and incubated with different contents of Sch. Sch was detected as the main product at the end of 81 d; however, there was a weak transformation. The presence of dissolved Fe(II) could be largely attributed to the photoreduction dissolution of Sch, which was promoted by Graesiella sp. MA1. The adaptation and growth phases of Graesiella sp. MA1 differed under Sch stress. The photosynthetic and metabolic activities increased and decreased at the adaptation and growth phases, respectively. The MDA contents and antioxidant activity of SOD, APX, and GSH in algal cells gradually enhanced as the Sch treatment content increased, indicating a defense strategy of Graesiella sp. MA1. Metabolomic analysis revealed that Sch affected the expression of significant differential metabolites in Graesiella sp. MA1. Organic carboxylic acid substances were essentially up-regulated in response to Sch stress. They were abundant in the medium-Sch system with the highest Fe(III) reduction, capable of complexing Fe(III), and underwent photochemical reactions via photo-induced charge transfer. The significant up-regulation of reducing sugars revealed the high energy requirement of Graesiella sp. MA1 under Sch stress. And first enriched KEGG pathway demonstrated the importance of sugar metabolism in Graesiella sp. MA1. Data acquired in this study provide novel insights into extreme acid stress adaptation of acid-tolerant algae and Sch, contributing to furthering understanding of AMD environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azuan Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Ao Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Zhixiang She
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Zhengbo Yue
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
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228
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Ogutcen E, de Lima Ferreira P, Wagner ND, Marinček P, Vir Leong J, Aubona G, Cavender-Bares J, Michálek J, Schroeder L, Sedio BE, Vašut RJ, Volf M. Phylogenetic insights into the Salicaceae: The evolution of willows and beyond. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 199:108161. [PMID: 39079595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The Salicaceae includes approximately 54 genera and over 1,400 species with a cosmopolitan distribution. Members of the family are well-known for their diverse secondary plant metabolites, and they play crucial roles in tropical and temperate forest ecosystems. Phylogenetic reconstruction of the Salicaceae has been historically challenging due to the limitations of molecular markers and the extensive history of hybridization and polyploidy within the family. Our study employs whole-genome sequencing of 74 species to generate an extensive phylogeny of the Salicaceae. We generated two RAD-Seq enriched whole-genome sequence datasets and extracted two additional gene sets corresponding to the universal Angiosperms353 and Salicaceae-specific targeted-capture arrays. We reconstructed maximum likelihood-based molecular phylogenies using supermatrix and coalescent-based supertree approaches. Our fossil-calibrated phylogeny estimates that the Salicaceae originated around 128 million years ago and unravels the complex taxonomic relationships within the family. Our findings confirm the non-monophyly of the subgenus Salix s.l. and further support the merging of subgenera Chamaetia and Vetrix, both of which exhibit intricate patterns within and among different sections. Overall, our study not only enhances our understanding of the evolution of the Salicaceae, but also provides valuable insights into the complex relationships within the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Ogutcen
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Department of Environment and Biodiversity, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Paola de Lima Ferreira
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Natascha D Wagner
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Pia Marinček
- Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jing Vir Leong
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Gibson Aubona
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jan Michálek
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Trebon, Czech Republic
| | - Lucy Schroeder
- College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Brian E Sedio
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado, 0843-03092 Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - Radim J Vašut
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Volf
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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229
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Kairis A, Neves BD, Couturier J, Remacle C, Rouhier N. Iron‑sulfur cluster synthesis in plastids by the SUF system: A mechanistic and structural perspective. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119797. [PMID: 39033932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
About 50 proteins expressed in plastids of photosynthetic eukaryotes ligate iron‑sulfur (Fe-S) clusters and ensure vital functions in photosynthesis, sulfur and nitrogen assimilation, but also in the synthesis of pigments, vitamins and hormones. The synthesis of these Fe-S clusters, which are co- or post-translationally incorporated into these proteins, relies on several proteins belonging to the so-called sulfur mobilization (SUF) machinery. An Fe-S cluster is first de novo synthesized on a scaffold protein complex before additional late-acting maturation factors act in the specific transfer, possible conversion and insertion of this cluster into target recipient proteins. In this review, we will summarize what is known about the molecular mechanisms responsible for both the synthesis and transfer steps, focusing in particular on the structural aspects that allow the formation of the required protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Kairis
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000 Nancy, France; Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, InBios/Phytosystems Research Unit, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Jérémy Couturier
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000 Nancy, France; Institut Universitaire de France, F-75000 Paris, France
| | - Claire Remacle
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, InBios/Phytosystems Research Unit, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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230
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Yu Y, Kellogg EA. Multifaceted mechanisms controlling grain disarticulation in the Poaceae. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102564. [PMID: 38830336 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Cereal shattering and threshability, both involving disarticulation of grains from the mother plant, are important traits for cereal domestication and improvement. Recent studies highlighted diverse mechanisms influencing shattering and threshability, either through development of the disarticulation zone or floral structures enclosing or supporting the disarticulation unit. Differential lignification in the disarticulation zone is essential for rice shattering but not required for many other grasses. During shattering, the disarticulation zone undergoes either abscission leading to cell separation or cell breakage. Threshability can be affected by the morphology and toughness of the enclosing floral structures, and in some species, by the inherent weakness of the disarticulation zone. Fine-tuning shattering and threshability is essential for breeding wild and less domesticated cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Yu
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, Saint Louis, MO 63132, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A Kellogg
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, Saint Louis, MO 63132, USA
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231
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Chai L, Zaburdaev V, Kolter R. How bacteria actively use passive physics to make biofilms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403842121. [PMID: 39264745 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403842121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern molecular microbiology elucidates the organizational principles of bacterial biofilms via detailed examination of the interplay between signaling and gene regulation. A complementary biophysical approach studies the mesoscopic dependencies at the cellular and multicellular levels with a distinct focus on intercellular forces and mechanical properties of whole biofilms. Here, motivated by recent advances in biofilm research and in other, seemingly unrelated fields of biology and physics, we propose a perspective that links the biofilm, a dynamic multicellular organism, with the physical processes occurring in the extracellular milieu. Using Bacillus subtilis as an illustrative model organism, we specifically demonstrate how such a rationale explains biofilm architecture, differentiation, communication, and stress responses such as desiccation tolerance, metabolism, and physiology across multiple scales-from matrix proteins and polysaccharides to macroscopic wrinkles and water-filled channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liraz Chai
- Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- Max Planck Queensland Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Vasily Zaburdaev
- Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Roberto Kolter
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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232
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Iranmanesh Z, Dehestani M, Esmaeili-Mahani S. Discovering novel targets of abscisic acid using computational approaches. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 112:108157. [PMID: 39047594 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2024.108157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a crucial plant hormone that is naturally produced in various mammalian tissues and holds significant potential as a therapeutic molecule in humans. ABA is selected for this study due to its known roles in essential human metabolic processes, such as glucose homeostasis, immune responses, cardiovascular system, and inflammation regulation. Despite its known importance, the molecular mechanism underlying ABA's action remain largely unexplored. This study employed computational techniques to identify potential human ABA receptors. We screened 64 candidate molecules using online servers and performed molecular docking to assess binding affinity and interaction types with ABA. The stability and dynamics of the best complexes were investigated using molecular dynamics simulation over a 100 ns time period. Root mean square fluctuations (RMSF), root mean square deviation (RMSD), solvent-accessible surface area (SASA), radius of gyration (Rg), free energy landscape (FEL), and principal component analysis (PCA) were analyzed. Next, the molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) method was employed to calculate the binding energies of the complexes based on the simulated data. Our study successfully pinpointed four key receptors responsible for ABA signaling (androgen receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, mineralocorticoid receptor, and retinoic acid receptor beta) that have a strong affinity for binding with ABA and remained structurally stable throughout the simulations. The simulations with Hydralazine as an unrelated ligand were conducted to validate the specificity of the identified receptors for ABA. The findings of this study can contribute to further experimental validation and a better understanding of how ABA functions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Iranmanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Dehestani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
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233
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Yi Z, Sharif R, Gulzar S, Huang Y, Ning T, Zhan H, Meng Y, Xu C. Changes in hemicellulose metabolism in banana peel during fruit development and ripening. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109025. [PMID: 39142014 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Hemicellulose is key in determining the fate of plant cell wall in almost all growth and developmental stages. Nevertheless, there is limited knowledge regarding its involvement in the development and ripening of banana fruit. This study investigated changes in the temporal-spatial distribution of various hemicellulose components, hemicellulose content, activities of the main hydrolysis enzymes, and transcription level of the main hemicellulose-related gene families in banana peels. Both hemicellulose and xylan contents were positively correlated to the fruit firmness observed in our previous study. On the contrary, the xylanase activity was negatively correlated to xylan content and the fruit firmness. The vascular bundle cells, phloem, and cortex of bananas are abundant in xyloglucan, xylan, and mannan contents. Interestingly, the changes in the signal intensity of the CCRC-M104 antibody recognizing non-XXXG type xyloglucan are positively correlated to hemicellulose content. According to RNA-Seq analysis, xyloglucan and xylan-related genes were highly active in the early stages of growth, and the expression of MaMANs and MaXYNs increased as the fruit ripened. The abundance of plant hormonal and growth-responsive cis-acting elements was detected in the 2 kb upstream region of hemicellulose-related gene families. Interaction between hemicellulose and cell wall-specific proteins and MaKCBP1/2, MaCKG1, and MaHKL1 was found. The findings shed light on cell wall hemicellulose's role in banana fruit development and ripening, which could improve nutrition, flavor, and reduce postharvest fruit losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Yi
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rahat Sharif
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shazma Gulzar
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongxin Huang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tong Ning
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huiling Zhan
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yue Meng
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chunxiang Xu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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234
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Li X, Liu H, He F, Li M, Zi Y, Long R, Zhao G, Zhu L, Hong L, Wang S, Kang J, Yang Q, Lin C. Multi-omics integrative analysis provided new insights into alkaline stress in alfalfa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109048. [PMID: 39159534 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is one of the main abiotic stresses that limits plant growth. Salt stress has been widely studied, but alkaline salt degradation caused by NaHCO3 has rarely been investigated. In the present study, the alfalfa cultivar 'Zhongmu No. 1' was treated with 50 mM NaHCO3 (0, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h) to study the resulting enzyme activity and changes in mRNA, miRNA and metabolites in the roots. The results showed that the enzyme activity changed significantly after alkali stress treatment. The genomic analysis revealed 14,970 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs), 53 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMis), and 463 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs). Combined analysis of DEMs and DEMis revealed that 21 DEMis negatively regulated 42 DEMs. In addition, when combined with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of DEMs and DAMs, we found that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism and plant hormone signal transduction played important roles in the alkali stress response. The results of this study further elucidated the regulatory mechanism underlying the plant response to alkali stress and provided valuable information for the breeding of new saline-alkaline tolerance plant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyang Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fei He
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingna Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunfei Zi
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Ruicai Long
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Lihua Zhu
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Ling Hong
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Shiqing Wang
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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235
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Zhang S, Zhang B, Wang Z, Zhong S, Zheng Y, Zhang Q, Liu X. Type I arginine methyltransferases play crucial roles in development and pathogenesis of Phytophthora capsici. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134671. [PMID: 39151856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Phytophthora capsici, a pathogenic oomycete, poses a serious threat to global vegetable production. This study investigated the role of protein arginine methylation, a notable post-translational modification, in the epigenetic regulation of P. capsici. We identified and characterized five protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) in P. capsici, with a focus on four putative type I PRMTs exhibiting similar functional domain. Deletion of PcPRMT3, a homolog of PRMT3, significantly affected mycelial growth, asexual spore development, pathogenicity, and stress responses in P. capsici. Transcriptome analyses indicated that absence of PcPRMT3 disrupted multiple biological pathways. The PcPRMT3 deletion mutant displayed heightened susceptibility to oxidative stress, correlated with the downregulation of genes involved in peroxidase and peroxisome activities. Additionally, PcPRMT3 acted as a negative regulator, modulating the transcription levels of specific elicitins, which in turn affects the defense response of host plant against P. capsici. Furthermore, PcPRMT3 was found to affect global arginine methylation levels in P. capsici, implying potential alterations in the functions of its substrate proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Borui Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Shan Zhong
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xili Liu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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236
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Zhao Y, Miettinen K, Kampranis SC. Celastrol: A century-long journey from the isolation to the biotechnological production and the development of an antiobesity drug. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102615. [PMID: 39128271 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Celastrol, a triterpenoid found in the root of the traditional medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii, is a potent anti-inflammatory and antiobesity agent. However, pharmacological exploitation of celastrol has been hindered by the limited accessibility of plant material, the co-existence of other toxic compounds in the same plant tissue, and the lack of an efficient chemical synthesis method. In this review, we highlight recent progress in elucidating celastrol biosynthesis and discuss how this knowledge can facilitate its scalable bioproduction using cell factories and its further development as an antiobesity and anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhao
- Biochemical Engineering Group, Plant Biochemistry Section, Department of Plant and Environment Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Karel Miettinen
- Biochemical Engineering Group, Plant Biochemistry Section, Department of Plant and Environment Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sotirios C Kampranis
- Biochemical Engineering Group, Plant Biochemistry Section, Department of Plant and Environment Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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237
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Toora PK, Tuan PA, Nguyen TN, Badea A, Ayele BT. Modulation in the ratio of abscisic acid to gibberellin level determines genetic variation of seed dormancy in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 301:154301. [PMID: 38968782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA) are major regulators of seed dormancy, an adaptive trait closely associated with preharvest sprouting. This study examined transcriptional regulation of ABA and GA metabolism genes and modulation of ABA and GA levels in seeds of barley genotypes exhibiting a range of dormancy phenotype. We observed a very strong negative correlation between genetic variation in seed germination and embryonic ABA level (r = 0.85), which is regulated by transcriptional modulation of HvNCED1 and/or HvCYP707A genes. A strong positive correlation was evident between variation in seed germination and GA level (r = 0.64), mediated via transcriptional regulation of GA biosynthesis genes, HvGA20ox2 and/or HvGA3oxs, and GA catabolism genes, HvGA2ox3 and/or HvGA3ox6. Modulation of the ABA and GA levels in the genotypes led to the prevalence of ABA to GA level ratio that exhibited a very strong negative correlation (r = 0.84) with seed germination, highlighting the importance of a shift in ABA/GA ratio in determining genetic variation of dormancy in barley seeds. Our results overall show that transcriptional regulation of specific ABA and GA metabolism genes underlies genetic variation in ABA/GA ratio and seed dormancy, reflecting the potential use of these genes as molecular tools for enhancing preharvest sprouting resistance in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parneet K Toora
- Department of Plant Science, 222 Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Pham Anh Tuan
- Department of Plant Science, 222 Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Tran-Nguyen Nguyen
- Department of Plant Science, 222 Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Ana Badea
- Brandon Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada, R7A 5Y3
| | - Belay T Ayele
- Department of Plant Science, 222 Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2.
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238
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Chalenko E, Lysenko V, Kosolapov A, Usova E, Dmitriev P, Yadronova O, Varduny T, Tarik E, Ignatova M, Aslanyan V, Kirichenko E. Light green leaf sectors of variegated Dracaena fragrans plants show similar rates of oxygenic photosynthesis tо that of normal, dark green leaf sectors. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109040. [PMID: 39142012 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Adaptation and functional significance of chlorophyll deficit in the light green leaf sectors of variegated plants are little known. Efficiency of photosystem II for dark and light adapted states (Fv/Fm and ΔF/Fm') and fluorescence decrease rates (Rfd) of light green leaf sectors of Dracaena fragrans L. were studied by methods of PAM-fluorometry and video registration. In addition, white light reflectance and transmittance of these leaf sectors were measured using an integrating sphere. Absorption was calculated from reflectance and transmittance. Net CO2 assimilation rates (PN) were measured using a flow chamber and photolytic O2 evolution rates (PAYO2) were studied by a novel method of Fourier photoacoustics which is insensitive to respiration, photorespiration and other processes of O2 uptake. All the photosynthetic parameters (Fv/Fm, ΔF/Fm', PN and PAYO2) were found to be very close between light green and normal green leaf sectors, whereas chlorophyll content and light absorption were 7.5-fold and 1.47-fold different respectively. Contradiction between low chlorophyll absorption and high (as in normal green sectors) rate of oxygenic photosynthesis in light-green sectors was proposed to be a consequence of different contribution of cyclic electron transport around PSII (CET-PSII) and/or around PSI (CET-PSI) in the total photosynthesis occurring in these sectors. Particularly, it cannot be excluded, that some part of CET activity occurring in normal green leaf sectors may be lost in the light green sectors retaining the same linear (non-cyclic) electron transport (LET) activity as in normal green sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Chalenko
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, 344049, Russia
| | - Vladimir Lysenko
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, 344049, Russia.
| | - Aleksey Kosolapov
- Russian Research Institute for the Integrated Use and Protection of Water Resources, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia
| | - Elena Usova
- Russian Research Institute for the Integrated Use and Protection of Water Resources, Rostov-on-Don, 344037, Russia
| | - Pavel Dmitriev
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, 344049, Russia
| | - Olga Yadronova
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, 344049, Russia
| | - Tatyana Varduny
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, 344049, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Tarik
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, 344049, Russia
| | - Maria Ignatova
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, 344049, Russia
| | - Veronica Aslanyan
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, 344049, Russia
| | - Evgeniya Kirichenko
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, 344049, Russia
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239
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LeVine SM. The Azalea Hypothesis of Alzheimer Disease: A Functional Iron Deficiency Promotes Neurodegeneration. Neuroscientist 2024; 30:525-544. [PMID: 37599439 PMCID: PMC10876915 DOI: 10.1177/10738584231191743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Chlorosis in azaleas is characterized by an interveinal yellowing of leaves that is typically caused by a deficiency of iron. This condition is usually due to the inability of cells to properly acquire iron as a consequence of unfavorable conditions, such as an elevated pH, rather than insufficient iron levels. The causes and effects of chlorosis were found to have similarities with those pertaining to a recently presented hypothesis that describes a pathogenic process in Alzheimer disease. This hypothesis states that iron becomes sequestered (e.g., by amyloid β and tau), causing a functional deficiency of iron that disrupts biochemical processes leading to neurodegeneration. Additional mechanisms that contribute to iron becoming unavailable include iron-containing structures not undergoing proper recycling (e.g., disrupted mitophagy and altered ferritinophagy) and failure to successfully translocate iron from one compartment to another (e.g., due to impaired lysosomal acidification). Other contributors to a functional deficiency of iron in patients with Alzheimer disease include altered metabolism of heme or altered production of iron-containing proteins and their partners (e.g., subunits, upstream proteins). A review of the evidence supporting this hypothesis is presented. Also, parallels between the mechanisms underlying a functional iron-deficient state in Alzheimer disease and those occurring for chlorosis in plants are discussed. Finally, a model describing the generation of a functional iron deficiency in Alzheimer disease is put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M. LeVine
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, US
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240
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Lesaffre T, Pannell JR, Mullon C. An explanation for the prevalence of XY over ZW sex determination in species derived from hermaphroditism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2406305121. [PMID: 39316051 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2406305121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The many independent transitions from hermaphroditism to separate sexes (dioecy) in flowering plants and some animal clades must often have involved the emergence of a heterogametic sex-determining locus, the basis of XY and ZW sex determination (i.e., male and female heterogamety). Current estimates indicate that XY sex determination is much more frequent than ZW, but the reasons for this asymmetry are unclear. One proposition is that separate sexes evolve through the invasion of sterility mutations at closely linked loci, in which case XY sex determination evolves if the initial male sterility mutation is fully recessive. Alternatively, dioecy may evolve via the gradual divergence of male and female phenotypes, but the genetic basis of such divergence and its connection to XY and ZW systems remain poorly understood. Using mathematical modeling, we show how dioecy with XY or ZW sex determination can emerge from the joint evolution of resource allocation to male and female function with its genetic architecture. Our model reveals that whether XY or ZW sex determination evolves depends on the trade-off between allocation to male and female function, and on the mating system of the ancestral hermaphrodites, with selection for female specialization or inbreeding avoidance both favoring XY sex determination. Together, our results cast light on an important but poorly understood path from hermaphroditism to dioecy, and provide an adaptive hypothesis for the preponderance of XY systems. Beyond sex and sex determination, our model shows how ecology can influence the way selection shapes the genetic architecture of polymorphic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lesaffre
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John R Pannell
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charles Mullon
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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241
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Lin Y, Wang L, Lin B, Liu B, Guan T, Guo S, Li Q, Wei C. Differences in the uptake and translocation of differentially charged microplastics by the taproot and lateral root of mangroves. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174113. [PMID: 38908577 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The interception of microplastics (MPs) by mangrove roots plays an indispensable role in reducing the environmental risks of MPs. However, there remains limited research on the fate of the intercepted MPs. Hereby, the uptake and subsequent translocation of 0.2 μm and 2 μm PS MPs with different coating charge by the typical salt-secreting mangrove plants (Aegiceras corniculatum) were investigated. Compared to amino-functionalized PS with positive charge (PS-NH2), the visualized results indicated that the efficient uptake of carboxy-functionalized PS with negative charge (PS-COOH) was more dependent on taproots. But for the lateral roots, it only allowed the entry of PS-NH2 instead of PS-COOH. The specific uptake pathways of PS-NH2 on the lateral roots could attribute to the release of H+ and organic acids by root hairs, as well as the relative higher Zeta potential. After entering the Aegiceras corniculatum roots, the translocation of PS MPs was restricted by their particle sizes. Furthermore, the release of PS MPs from Aegiceras corniculatum leaf surfaces through the salt glands and stomata was observed. And the decline in the photochemical efficiency of leaves under PS MPs exposure also indirectly proved the foliar emission of PS MPs. Our study improved the understanding of the environmental behaviors and risks of the retained MPs in mangroves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Lin
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China
| | - Luya Wang
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Tropical region of China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, PR China
| | - Bigui Lin
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, National Long-term Experimental Station for Agriculture Green Development, Danzhou 571737, PR China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, PR China
| | - Tingting Guan
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Qinfen Li
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Tropical region of China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, PR China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, National Long-term Experimental Station for Agriculture Green Development, Danzhou 571737, PR China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, PR China
| | - Chaoxian Wei
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Tropical region of China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, PR China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, National Long-term Experimental Station for Agriculture Green Development, Danzhou 571737, PR China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, PR China.
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Ji N, Chen Y, Xu M, Chen Y, Zhou L, Huang J, Cai Y, Shen X. The allelopathic effects of Heterosigma akashiwo on Skeletonema costatum: Insights from gene expression and metabolomics analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173913. [PMID: 38880157 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The globally distributed harmful algal blooms (HAB) species, Heterosigma akashiwo, has been found to exhibit ichthyotoxicity. Previous studies have shown that H. akashiwo achieves a competitive edge during bloom occurrences by inhibiting the growth of a coexisting diatom, Skeletonema costatum, through allelopathy. However, the specific allelopathic mechanisms underlying the allelopathic effects of H. akashiwo on S. costatum remain unknown. To bridge this gap, our study utilized a combination of quantitative real-time PCR and metabolomics to examine the allelopathic processes of H. akashiwo on S. costatum. Our results demonstrate that the growth of S. costatum is hindered when co-cultured with H. akashiwo (initial cell concentration, 2 × 104 cell/mL). Gene expression investigation showed a substantial reduction in the mRNA levels of cytochrome b6, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain, and silicon transporter in S. costatum when grown in co-culture conditions. Furthermore, metabolic pathway analysis suggested that the allelopathic effects of H. akashiwo disrupted several vital metabolic pathways in S. costatum, including a reduction in purine and pyrimidine metabolism and an increase in fatty acid biosynthesis. Our investigation has revealed the intricate and substantial involvement of allelopathy in the formation of H. akashiwo blooms, demonstrating the complexity of the allelopathic interaction between H. akashiwo and S. costatum. These insights also contribute significantly to our understanding of the dynamics within HAB species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanjing Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Yifan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Mingyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yujiao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Lingjie Zhou
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jinwang Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yuefeng Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
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243
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Richardson JA, Rose BD, Garcia K. X-ray fluorescence and XANES spectroscopy revealed diverse potassium chemistries and colocalization with phosphorus in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens. Fungal Biol 2024; 128:2054-2061. [PMID: 39174240 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi play a major role in forest ecosystems and managed tree plantations. Particularly, they facilitate mineral weathering and nutrient transfer towards colonized roots. Among nutrients provided by these fungi, potassium (K) has been understudied compared to phosphorus (P) or nitrogen (N). The ECM fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens is a generalist species that interacts with the root of many trees and can directly transfer K to them, including loblolly pine. However, the forms of K that ECM fungi can store is still unknown. Here, we used synchrotron potassium X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and K-edge X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopy on P. ammoniavirescens growing in axenic conditions to investigate the K chemistries accumulating in the center and the edge of the mycelium. We observed that various K forms accumulated in different part of the mycelium, including K-nitrate (KNO3), K-C-O compounds (such as K-tartrate K2(C4H4O6) and K-oxalate (K2C2O4)), K-S and K-P compounds. Saprotrophic fungi have been shown to excrete carboxylic acids, which in turn play a role in soil mineral weathering. Our finding of several K counter-ions to carboxylic acids may suggest that, besides their direct transfer to colonized roots, K ions can also be involved in the production of compounds necessary for sourcing nutrients from their surrounding environment by ECM fungi. Additionally, this work reveals that XANES spectroscopy can be used to identify the various forms of K accumulating in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn A Richardson
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Benjamin D Rose
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Kevin Garcia
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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244
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Liang Y, Yang X, Wang C, Wang Y. miRNAs: Primary modulators of plant drought tolerance. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 301:154313. [PMID: 38991233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a principal environmental factor that affects the growth and development of plants. Accordingly, plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to cope with adverse environmental conditions. One of the mechanisms is gene regulation mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are regarded as primary modulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and have been shown to participate in drought stress response, including ABA response, auxin signaling, antioxidant defense, and osmotic regulation through downregulating the corresponding targets. miRNA-based genetic reconstructions have the potential to improve the tolerance of plants to drought. However, there are few precise classification and discussion of miRNAs in specific response behaviors to drought stress and their applications. This review summarized and discussed the specific response behaviors of miRNAs under drought stress and the role of miRNAs as regulators in the response of plants to drought and highlighted that the modification of miRNAs might effectively improve the tolerance of plants to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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245
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Khouider S, Gehring M. Parental dialectic: Epigenetic conversations in endosperm. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102591. [PMID: 38944896 PMCID: PMC11392645 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Endosperm is a major evolutionary innovation of flowering plants, and its proper development critically impacts seed growth and viability. Epigenetic regulators have a key function in parental control of endosperm development. Notably, epigenetic regulation of parental genome dosage is a major determinant of seed development success, and disruption of this balance can produce inviable seed, as observed in some interploidy and interspecific crosses. These postzygotic reproduction barriers are also a potent driver of speciation. The molecular machinery and regulatory architecture governing endosperm development is proposed to have evolved under parental conflict. In this review, we emphasize parental conflict as a dialectic conflict and discuss recent findings about the epigenetic molecular machinery that mediates parental conflict in the endosperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souraya Khouider
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge MA 02142, USA
| | - Mary Gehring
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139, USA.
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246
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Wang S, Zeng J, Zhang T, Yang L, Yang Y, Lu Z, Jin X, Wang M, Guo S. Ammonium enhances rice resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae through H 2O 2 accumulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109058. [PMID: 39181086 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is essential for the physiological processes of plants. However, the specific mechanisms by which different nitrogen forms influence rice blast pathogenesis remain poorly understood. This study used hydroponic assays to explore how ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) affect rice after inoculation with Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae). The results showed that NH4+, compared to NO3-, significantly reduced disease severity, fungal growth, fungal hyphae number, the expansion capacity of infectious hyphae, and disease-related loss of photosynthesis. Additionally, NH4+ enhanced the expression of defense-related genes, including OsPBZ1, OsCHT1, OsPR1a, and OsPR10. NH4+-treated rice also exhibited higher hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation and increased antioxidant enzyme activities. Moreover, susceptibility to rice blast disease increased when H2O2 was scavenged, while a reduction in susceptibility was observed with the application of exogenous H2O2. These results suggest that ammonium enhances rice resistance to M. oryzae, potentially through H2O2 accumulation. The findings provide valuable insights into how different nitrogen forms affect plant immunity in rice, which is crucial for controlling rice blast and ensuring stable food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Wang
- Key Lab of Organic-based Fertilizers of China and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jixing Zeng
- Key Lab of Organic-based Fertilizers of China and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Tianyao Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic-based Fertilizers of China and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Lab of Organic-based Fertilizers of China and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yating Yang
- Key Lab of Organic-based Fertilizers of China and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Zhifeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xiang Jin
- Changbaishan Vocational Technical College, Baishan, 134300, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Key Lab of Organic-based Fertilizers of China and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Key Lab of Organic-based Fertilizers of China and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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247
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Dong K, Ye Z, Hu F, Shan C, Wen D, Cao J. Improvement of plant quality by amino acid transporters: A comprehensive review. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109084. [PMID: 39217823 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Amino acids serve as the primary means of transport and organic nitrogen carrier in plants, playing an essential role in plant growth and development. Amino acid transporters (AATs) facilitate the movement of amino acids within plants and have been identified and characterised in a number of species. It has been demonstrated that these amino acid transporters exert an influence on the quality attributes of plants, in addition to their primary function of transporting amino acid transport. This paper presents a summary of the role of AATs in plant quality improvement. This encompasses the enhancement of nitrogen utilization efficiency, root development, tiller number and fruit yield. Concurrently, AATs can bolster the resilience of plants to pests, diseases and abiotic stresses, thereby further enhancing the yield and quality of fruit. AATs exhibit a wide range of substrate specificity, which greatly optimizes the use of pesticides and significantly reduces pesticide residues, and reduces the risk of environmental pollution while increasing the safety of fruit. The discovery of AATs function provides new ideas and ways to cultivate high-quality crop and promote changes in agricultural development, and has great potential in the application of plant quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyi Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaofan Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongyu Wen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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248
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Wei TL, Wang ZH, Pei MS, Liu HN, Guo DL. Mechanisms of Cadmium stress response in watermelon: Insights from physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolic analyses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109017. [PMID: 39121518 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of soil may lead to Cd stress for plants, which significantly hinders plant growth and development, posing a risk to human health through the consumption of Cd-contaminated foods. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), a widely consumed fruit, is particularly affected by Cd stress globally, yet the mechanisms underlying its response are not well understood. Here, we subjected watermelon seedlings to simulated Cd stress treatment and explored the physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolic response. Our findings revealed that Cd stress treatment led to increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in watermelon leaves. Transcriptome sequencing unveiled a multitude of osmotic and oxidative stress-responsive genes, including peroxidase (POD), MYB, voltage-dependent anion channel (SLAC1), and ABC transporter. KEGG enrichment analysis highlighted the predominant enrichment of Cd stress-responsive genes in pathways such as glutathione (GSH) metabolism, MAPK signaling, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Within the GSH metabolism pathway, several glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes were up-regulated, alongside phytochelatin synthetase (PCS) genes involved in phytochelatin synthesis. In the MAPK signaling pathway, genes associated with ABA and ethylene signal transduction showed up-regulation following Cd stress. Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that Cd stress enhanced the production of amino acids, phenolamines, and esters. Overall, our study elucidates that watermelon responds to Cd stress by activating its antioxidant system, GSH metabolism pathway, MAPK signal pathway, and biosynthesis of key metabolites. These findings offer valuable insights for the remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil affecting plant life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Lu Wei
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Ze-Hang Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Mao-Song Pei
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Hai-Nan Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Da-Long Guo
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023, China.
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249
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Morgan C, Howard M, Henderson IR. HEI10 coarsening, chromatin and sequence polymorphism shape the plant meiotic recombination landscape. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102570. [PMID: 38838583 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Meiosis is a conserved eukaryotic cell division that produces spores required for sexual reproduction. During meiosis, chromosomes pair and undergo programmed DNA double-strand breaks, followed by homologous repair that can result in reciprocal crossovers. Crossover formation is highly regulated with typically few events per homolog pair. Crossovers additionally show wider spacing than expected from uniformly random placement - defining the phenomenon of interference. In plants, the conserved HEI10 E3 ligase is initially loaded along meiotic chromosomes, before maturing into a small number of foci, corresponding to crossover locations. We review the coarsening model that explains these dynamics as a diffusion and aggregation process, resulting in approximately evenly spaced HEI10 foci. We review how underlying chromatin states, and the presence of interhomolog polymorphisms, shape the meiotic recombination landscape, in light of the coarsening model. Finally, we consider future directions to understand the control of meiotic recombination in plant genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Morgan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Howard
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom.
| | - Ian R Henderson
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom.
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250
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Munakata R, Yazaki K. How did plants evolve the prenylation of specialized phenolic metabolites by means of UbiA prenyltransferases? CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102601. [PMID: 38991464 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Prenylated phenolics occur in over 4000 species in the plant kingdom, most of which are known as specialized metabolites with high chemical diversity. Many of them have been identified as pharmacologically active compounds from various medicinal plants, in which prenyl residues play a key role in these activities. Prenyltransferases (PTs) responsible for their biosynthesis have been intensively studied in the last two decades. These enzymes are membrane-bound proteins belonging to the UbiA superfamily that occurs from bacteria to humans, and in particular those involved in plant specialized metabolism show strict specificities for both substrates and products. This article reviews the enzymatic features of plant UbiA PTs, including C- and O-prenylation, molecular evolution, and application of UbiA PTs in synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Munakata
- Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Yazaki
- Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan.
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