201
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Veigyabati Devi M, Singh AK. Delineation of transcriptional regulators involve in biofilm formation cycle of Mycobacterium abscessus. Gene 2023; 882:147644. [PMID: 37479094 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus is an intrinsically and acquired multidrug resistant (MDR) intracellular pathogen with biofilm formation capability and limited option for treatment. Biofilm is the major characteristic that leads to failure and prolong treatment, intensifies treatment cost and increases mortality/morbidity rate. However, the biofilm formation regulations of M. abscessus remain largely unexplored. In this study, we identify the putative/hypothetical transcriptional regulator (TR) of M. abscessus that are involved in biofilm formation. This study includes fifty TRs belonging to thirteen different families viz., AraC, ArsR, AsnC, CarD, CdaR, GntR, IclR, LysR, MarR, PadR, PrrA, TetR and WhiB, including TRs of unknown family. The promoter of these putative TRs were fused individually with GFP and analyzed their expression using CLSM in planktonic phase and early, mid and mature stages of biofilm formation phase, which overall termed as biofilm formation cycle. Further, qRT-PCR was carried out for selected TRs to analyze their differential expressions. This study found thirteen numbers of TR belonging to TetR family, five TRs belonging to MarR family, four TRs of unannotated TR family, two AraC TRs, two LysR, two GntR, two AsnC, one each of ArsR family, CarD family, IclR family, PadR family, PrrA family and WhiB family selected for this study are involved in biofilm formation cycle. Our study characterized the TRs with respect to their role in biofilm formation for the first time in M. abscessus and also found that their biofilm formation is regulated by diverse TR families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moirangthem Veigyabati Devi
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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202
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Oakes D. Cox (1972): recollections and reflections. LIFETIME DATA ANALYSIS 2023; 29:699-708. [PMID: 37713017 DOI: 10.1007/s10985-023-09609-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
I present some personal memories and thoughts on Cox's 1972 paper "Regression Models and Life-Tables".
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Affiliation(s)
- David Oakes
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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203
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Shulajkovska M, Smerkol M, Dovgan E, Gams M. A machine-learning approach to a mobility policy proposal. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20393. [PMID: 37842632 PMCID: PMC10568339 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the URBANITE project is to design an open-data, open-source, smart-city framework to enhance the decision-making processes in European cities. The framework's basis is a robust and user-friendly simulation tool that is supplemented with several innovative service modules. One of the modules, a multi-output, machine-learning unit, is deployed on the simulation results, enabling city officials to more effectively analyse vast quantities of data, discern patterns and trends, and so facilitate advanced policy decisions. The city's decision makers define potential city scenarios, key performance indicators, and a utility function, while the module assists in identifying the policy that is best aligned with the stipulated constraints and preferences. One of the main improvements is a speeding up of the policy testing for the decision makers, reducing the time needed for one policy verification from 3 hours to around 10 seconds. The system was evaluated for Bilbao's Moyua area, where it suggested strategies that could result in a decrease in emissions of more than 5% C O 2 , NOx, PM in the selected area and a broader part of the city with a machine-learning accuracy of 91%. The system was therefore able to provide valuable insights into effective policies for restricting private traffic in specific districts and identifying the most advantageous times for these restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maj Smerkol
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Erik Dovgan
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Gams
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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204
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Zhang Y, Gao Y, Xi B, Li Y, Ge X, Gong Y, Chen H, Chen J, Tan W, Yuan Y. Full life cycle and sustainability transitions of phthalates in landfill: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 170:215-229. [PMID: 37717503 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are added to various products as a plasticizer. As these products age and are disposed of, plastic waste containing PAEs enters the landfill. The landfill environment is complicated and can be regarded as a "black box". Also, PAEs do not bind with the polymer matrix. Therefore, when a series of physical chemistry and biological reactions occur during the stabilization of landfills, PAEs leach from waste and migrate to the surrounding environmental media, thereby contaminating the surrounding soil, water ecosystems, and atmosphere. Although research on PAEs has achieved progress over the years, they are mainly concentrated on a particular aspect of PAEs in the landfill; there are fewer inquiries on the life cycle of PAEs. In this study, we review the presence of PAEs in the landfill in the following aspects: (1) the main source of PAEs in landfills; (2) the impact of the landfill environment on PAE migration and conversion; (3) distribution and transmedia migration of PAEs in aquatic ecosystems, soils, and atmosphere; and (4) PAE management and control in the landfill and future research direction. The purpose is to track the life cycle of PAEs in landfills, provide scientific basis for in-depth understanding of the migration and transformation of PAEs and environmental pollution control in landfills, and new ideas for the sustainable utilization of landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yiman Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yanjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Lan Zhou Jiao Tong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yi Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huiru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zheng Zhou 450046, China
| | - Jiabao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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205
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De Benedictis A, Mazzocca N, Somma A, Strigaro C. Digital Twins in Healthcare: An Architectural Proposal and Its Application in a Social Distancing Case Study. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2023; 27:5143-5154. [PMID: 36083955 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2022.3205506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The digital transformation process fostered by the development of Industry 4.0 technologies has largely affected the health sector, increasing diagnostic capabilities and improving drug effectiveness and treatment delivery. The Digital Twin (DT) technology, based on the virtualization of physical assets/processes and on a bidirectional communication between the digital and physical space for data exchange, is considered a game changer in modern health systems. Digital Twin applications in healthcare are various, ranging from virtualization of hospitals' physical spaces/organizational processes to individuals' physiological/genetic/lifestyle characteristics replication, and include the modeling of public health-related processes for monitoring, optimization and planning purposes. In this paper, motivated by the current COVID-19 pandemic, we focus on the application of the Digital Twin technology for virus containment on the workplace through social distancing. The contribution of this paper is three-fold: i) we review the existing literature on the adoption of the Digital Twin technology in the healthcare domain, and propose a classification of DT applications into four categories; ii) we propose a generalized Digital Twin architecture that can be used as reference to identify the main functional components of a Digital Twin system; iii) we present CanTwin, a real-life industrial case study developed by Hitachi and representing the Digital Twin of a canteen service serving 1100 workers, set up for social distancing monitoring, queue inspection, people counting and tracking, table occupancy supervision.
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206
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Falcone N, Ermis M, Tamay DG, Mecwan M, Monirizad M, Mathes TG, Jucaud V, Choroomi A, de Barros NR, Zhu Y, Vrana NE, Kraatz HB, Kim HJ, Khademhosseini A. Peptide Hydrogels as Immunomaterials and Their Use in Cancer Immunotherapy Delivery. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301096. [PMID: 37256647 PMCID: PMC10615713 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-based hydrogel biomaterials have emerged as an excellent strategy for immune system modulation. Peptide-based hydrogels are supramolecular materials that self-assemble into various nanostructures through various interactive forces (i.e., hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions) and respond to microenvironmental stimuli (i.e., pH, temperature). While they have been reported in numerous biomedical applications, they have recently been deemed promising candidates to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies and treatments. Immunotherapies seek to harness the body's immune system to preemptively protect against and treat various diseases, such as cancer. However, their low efficacy rates result in limited patient responses to treatment. Here, the immunomaterial's potential to improve these efficacy rates by either functioning as immune stimulators through direct immune system interactions and/or delivering a range of immune agents is highlighted. The chemical and physical properties of these peptide-based materials that lead to immuno modulation and how one may design a system to achieve desired immune responses in a controllable manner are discussed. Works in the literature that reports peptide hydrogels as adjuvant systems and for the delivery of immunotherapies are highlighted. Finally, the future trends and possible developments based on peptide hydrogels for cancer immunotherapy applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natashya Falcone
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
| | - Menekse Ermis
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
- BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Dilara Goksu Tamay
- BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Marvin Mecwan
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
| | - Mahsa Monirizad
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
| | - Tess Grett Mathes
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
| | - Auveen Choroomi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
| | - Natan Roberto de Barros
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
| | - Nihal Engin Vrana
- SPARTHA Medical, CRBS 1 Rue Eugene Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90034, USA
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207
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Chen G, Lau A, Wan B, Poon ESK, Fung HS, Lee WH, Sung YH, Sin SYW. OCCURRENCE OF PATHOGENIC CHYTRID FUNGI BATRACHOCHYTRIUM SALAMANDRIVORANS AND BATRACHOCHYTRIUM DENDROBATIDIS IN THE HONG KONG NEWT (PARAMESOTRITON HONGKONGENSIS) AND OTHER WILD AND IMPORTED AMPHIBIANS IN A SUBTROPICAL ASIAN REGION. J Wildl Dis 2023; 59:709-721. [PMID: 37768785 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-22-00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
One of the major threats for the massive loss in global amphibian diversity is chytridiomycosis, caused by chytrid fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and B. salamandrivorans (Bsal). Following its discovery in 2013, Bsal has emerged as a severe threat to the global survival of urodelans. In 2018, a study reported a high prevalence of Bsal (65.6%) in the Hong Kong newts (Paramesotriton hongkongensis, Near Threatened) of a southern China population adjacent to Hong Kong (HK). Uncertainty regarding the Bsal infection status of P. hongkongensis inhabiting HK raised deep concern over the risk of introducing Bsal from that population. We screened the skin swabs from wild individuals of P. hongkongensis, 15 sympatric amphibian species, and 16 imported amphibian species in HK for chytrids. We found that both Bsal and Bd occur in low prevalences in P. hongkongensis (Bsal 1.7%, 5/293; Bd 0.34%, 1/293), Hong Kong cascade frog, Amolops hongkongensis, family Ranidae (Bsal only, 5.26%, 1/19), and Asian common toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, family Bufonidae (Bsal only, 5.88%, 1/17), populations of HK, with infected individuals being asymptomatic, suggesting a potential role of these species as reservoirs of Bsal. Conversely, Bd, but not Bsal, was present on 13.2% (9/68) of imported amphibians, indicating a high chytrid introduction risk posed by international amphibian trade. Long-term surveillance of the presence of Bd and Bsal in wild and captive amphibians would be advisable, and we recommend that import and export of nonnative chytrid carriers should be prevented, especially to those regions with amphibian populations naïve to Bd and Bsal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoling Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anthony Lau
- Science Unit, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bowen Wan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Emily Shui Kei Poon
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hon Shing Fung
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Ho Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yik-Hei Sung
- Science Unit, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Yung Wa Sin
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
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208
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Graw N, Ruth PN, Ernemann T, Herbst-Irmer R, Stalke D. Indium Kα radiation from a MetalJet X-ray source: the long way to a successful charge-density investigation. J Appl Crystallogr 2023; 56:1315-1321. [PMID: 37791365 PMCID: PMC10543667 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576723007203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The MetalJet X-ray source provides indium Kα radiation with a wavelength even shorter than Ag radiation. This paper reports on problematic spectral impurities and presents possible countermeasures so that collection of data with excellent quality up to a high resolution is possible. It is demonstrated that these data can be used in the refinement of a multipole model, the results of which are used for a topological analysis to assess the bonding situation in a sulfur ylide compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Graw
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, Göttingen, Lower Saxony 37077, Germany
| | - Paul Niklas Ruth
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, Göttingen, Lower Saxony 37077, Germany
| | - Tobias Ernemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, Göttingen, Lower Saxony 37077, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, Göttingen, Lower Saxony 37077, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, Göttingen, Lower Saxony 37077, Germany
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209
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Pruška A, Harrison JA, Granzhan A, Marchand A, Zenobi R. Solution and Gas-Phase Stability of DNA Junctions from Temperature-Controlled Electrospray Ionization and Surface-Induced Dissociation. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14384-14391. [PMID: 37699589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
DNA three-way junction (TWJ) structures transiently form during key cellular processes such as transcription, replication, and DNA repair. Despite their significance, the thermodynamics of TWJs, including the influence of strand length, base pair composition, and ligand binding on TWJ stability and dissociation mechanisms, are poorly understood. To address these questions, we interfaced temperature-controlled nanoelectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (TC-nESI-MS) with a cyclic ion mobility spectrometry (cIMS) instrument that was also equipped with a surface-induced dissociation (SID) stage. This novel combination allowed us to investigate the structural intermediates of three TWJ complexes and examine the effects of GC base pairs on their dissociation pathways. We found that two TWJ-specific ligands, 2,7-tris-naphthalene (2,7-TrisNP) and tris-phenoxybenzene (TrisPOB), lead to TWJ stabilization, revealed by an increase in the melting temperature (Tm) by 13 or 26 °C, respectively. To gain insights into conformational changes in the gas phase, we employed cIMS and SID to analyze TWJs and their complexes with ligands. Analysis of IM arrival distributions suggested a single-step dissociation of TWJs and their intermediates for the three studied TWJ complexes. Upon ligand binding, a higher SID energy by 3 V (2,7-TrisNP) and 5 V (TrisPOB) was required to induce 50% dissociation of TWJ, compared to 38 V in the absence of ligands. Our results demonstrate the power of utilizing TC-nESI-MS in combination with cIMS and SID for thermodynamic characterization of TWJ complexes and investigation of ligand binding. These techniques are essential for the TWJ design and development as drug targets, aptamers, and structural units for functional biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pruška
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julian A Harrison
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anton Granzhan
- CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U1196, Institut Curie, Paris Saclay University, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Adrien Marchand
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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210
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Mohd Radhuwan SN, Abdulhameed AS, Jawad AH, ALOthman ZA, Wilson LD, Algburi S. Production of activated carbon from food wastes (chicken bones and rice waste) by microwave assisted ZnCl 2 activation: an optimized process for crystal violet dye removal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 26:699-709. [PMID: 37740478 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2260004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
A major worldwide challenge that presents significant economic, environmental, and social concerns is the rising generation of food waste. The current work used chicken bones (CB) and rice (R) food waste as alternate precursors for the production of activated carbon (CBRAC) by microwave radiation-assisted ZnCl2 activation. The adsorption characteristics of CBRAC were investigated in depth by removing an organic dye (crystal violet, CV) from an aquatic environment. To establish ideal conditions from the significant adsorption factors (A: CBRAC dosage (0.02-0.12 g/100 mL); B: pH (4-10); and C: duration (30-420), a numerical desirability function of Box-Behnken design (BBD) was utilized. The highest CV decolorization by CBRAC was reported to be 90.06% when the following conditions were met: dose = 0.118 g/100 mL, pH = 9.0, and time = 408 min. Adsorption kinetics revealed that the pseudo-first order (PFO) model best matches the data, whereas the Langmuir model was characterized by equilibrium adsorption, where the adsorption capacity of CBRAC for CV dye was calculated to be 57.9 mg/g. CV adsorption is accomplished by several processes, including electrostatic forces, pore diffusion, π-π stacking, and H-bonding. This study demonstrates the use of CB and R as biomass precursors for the efficient creation of CBRAC and their use in wastewater treatment, resulting in a greener environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nasuha Mohd Radhuwan
- Advanced Biomaterials and Carbon Development Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Saud Abdulhameed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Ali H Jawad
- Advanced Biomaterials and Carbon Development Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Zeid A ALOthman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lee D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Sameer Algburi
- College of Engineering Technology, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
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211
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Shi M, Zheng X, Zhou Y, Yin Y, Lu Z, Zou Z, Hu Y, Liang Y, Chen T, Yang Y, Jing M, Lei D, Yang P, Li X. Selectivity Mechanism of Pyrrolopyridone Analogues Targeting Bromodomain 2 of Bromodomain-Containing Protein 4 from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:33658-33674. [PMID: 37744850 PMCID: PMC10515184 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins play an important role in epigenetic regulation and are linked to several diseases; therefore, they are interesting targets. BET has two bromodomains: bromodomain 1 (BD1) and BD2. Selective targeting of BD1 or BD2 may produce different activities and greater effects than pan-BD inhibitors. However, the selective mechanism of the specific core must be studied at the atomic level. This study determined the effectiveness of pyrrolopyridone analogues to selectively inhibit BD2 using a pan-BD inhibitor (ABBV-075) and a selective-BD2 inhibitor (ABBV-744). Molecular dynamics simulations and calculations of binding free energies were used to systematically study the selectivity of BD2 inhibition by the pyrrolopyridone analogues. Overall, the pyrrolopyridone analogue inhibitors targeting BD2 interacted mainly with the following amino acid pairs between bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4)-BD1 and BRD4-BD2 complexes: I146/V439, N140/N433, D144/H437, P82/P375, V87/V380, D88/D381, and Y139/Y432. The pyrrolopyridone analogues targeting BRD4-BD2 were divided into five regions based on selectivity mechanism. These results suggest that the R3 and R5 regions of pyrrolopyridone analogues can be modified to improve the selectivity between BRD4-BD1 and BRD4-BD2. The selectivity of BD2 inhibition by pyrrolopyridone analogues can be used to design novel BD2 inhibitors based on a pyrrolopyridone core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsong Shi
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
- Innovation
Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueting Zheng
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Yin
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhou Lu
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyan Zou
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Hu
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhan Yang
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Jing
- Department
of Pathology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of
China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Lei
- School
of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest
University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei Yang
- Department
of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of
China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoan Li
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang
Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621099, Sichuan, China
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212
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Pandey A, Pragya, Kanoujia J, Parashar P. New Insights into the Applications of 3D-Printed Biomaterial in Wound Healing and Prosthesis. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:191. [PMID: 37726576 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently three-dimensional bioprinting (3D-bioP) has emerged as a revolutionary technique for numerous biomedical applications. 3D-bioP has facilitated the printing of advanced and complex human organs resulting in satisfactory therapeutic practice. One of the important biomedical applications of 3D-bioP is in tissue engineering, wound healing, and prosthetics. 3D-bioP is basically aimed to restore the natural extracellular matrix of human's damage due to wounds. The relevant search was explored using various scientific database, viz., PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The objective of this review is to emphasize interpretations from the pre-executed studies and to assess the worth of employing 3D-bioP in wound healing as well as prosthetics in terms of patient compliance, clinical outcomes, and economic viability. Furthermore, the benefits of applying 3D-bioP in wound healing over traditional methods have been covered along with the biocompatible biomaterials employed as bioinks has been discussion. Additionally, the review expands about the clinical trials in 3D-bioP field, showing promise of biomedical applicability of this technique with growing advancement in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Pandey
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226028, India
| | - Pragya
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226028, India
| | - Jovita Kanoujia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh (AUMP), Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474005, India
| | - Poonam Parashar
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226028, India.
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213
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Thompson AL, White NG. Hydrogen atoms in supramolecular chemistry: a structural perspective. Where are they, and why does it matter? Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6254-6269. [PMID: 37599586 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00516j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonding interactions are ubiquitous across the biochemical and chemical sciences, and are of particular interest to supramolecular chemists. They have been used to assemble hydrogen bonded polymers, cages and frameworks, and are the functional motif in many host-guest systems. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies are often used as a key support for proposed structures, although this presents challenges as hydrogen atoms interact only weakly with X-rays. In this Tutorial Review, we discuss the information that can be gleaned about hydrogen bonding interactions through crystallographic experiments, key limitations of the data, and emerging techniques to overcome these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L Thompson
- Chemical Crystallography, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Nicholas G White
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia.
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214
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Kumar M, Joseph G, Bhutia Y, Krishnaswamy J. Contrasting sap flow characteristics between pioneer and late-successional tree species in secondary tropical montane forests of Eastern Himalaya, India. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5273-5293. [PMID: 37290031 PMCID: PMC10498023 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The interactive role of life-history traits and environmental factors on plant water relations is crucial for understanding the responses of species to climate change, but it remains poorly understood in secondary tropical montane forests (TMFs). In this study, we examined differences in sap flow between the pioneer species Symplocos racemosa and Eurya acuminata, and the late-successional species Castanopsis hystrix that co-occur in a biodiverse Eastern Himalayan secondary broadleaved TMF. The fast-growing pioneers had sap flux densities that were 1.6-2.1 times higher than the late-successional species, and exhibited characteristics of long-lived pioneer species. Significant radial and azimuthal variability in sap flow (V) between species was observed and could be attributed to the life-history trait and the access of the canopy to sunlight. Nocturnal V was 13.8% of the daily total and was attributable to stem recharge during the evening period (18.00-23.00 h) and to endogenous stomatal controls during the pre-dawn period (00.00-05.00 h). The shallow-rooted pioneer species both exhibited midday depression in V that was attributable to photosensitivity and diel moisture stress responses. In contrast, the deep-rooted late-successional species showed unaffected transpiration across the dry season, indicating their access to groundwater. Thus, our results suggest that secondary broadleaved TMFs, with a dominance of shallow-rooted pioneers, are more prone to the negative impacts of drier and warmer winters than primary forests, which are dominated by deep-rooted species. Our study provides an empirical understanding of how life-history traits coupled with microclimate can modulate plant water use in the widely distributed secondary TMFs in Eastern Himalaya, and highlights their vulnerability to warmer winters and reduced winter precipitation due to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Gladwin Joseph
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India
- Conservation Biology Institute, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA
| | - Yangchenla Bhutia
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
- Sikkim State Council of Science & Technology, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India
| | - Jagdish Krishnaswamy
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
- School of Environment and Sustainability, Indian Institute for Human Settlements, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India
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215
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Shaik S, Danovich D, Zare RN. Valence Bond Theory Allows a Generalized Description of Hydrogen Bonding. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20132-20140. [PMID: 37664980 PMCID: PMC10510329 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the nature of the hydrogen bond (HB), B:---H-A, using valence bond theory (VBT). Our analysis shows that the most important HB interactions are polarization and charge transfer, and their corresponding sum displays a pattern that is identical for a variety of energy decomposition analysis (EDA) methods. Furthermore, the sum terms obtained with the different EDA methods correlate linearly with the corresponding VB quantities. The VBT analysis demonstrates that the total covalent-ionic resonance energy (RECS) of the HB portion (B---H in B:---H-A) correlates linearly with the dissociation energy of the HB, ΔEdiss. In principle, therefore, RECS(HB) can be determined by experiment. The VBT wavefunction reveals that the contributions of ionic structures to the HB increase the positive charge on the hydrogen of the corresponding external/free O-H bonds in, for example, the water dimer compared with a free water molecule. This increases the electric field of the external O-H bonds of water clusters and contributes to bringing about catalysis of reactions by water droplets and in water-hydrophobic interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sason Shaik
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - David Danovich
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Richard N. Zare
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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216
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Groves SM, Quaranta V. Quantifying cancer cell plasticity with gene regulatory networks and single-cell dynamics. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 3:1225736. [PMID: 37731743 PMCID: PMC10507267 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2023.1225736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity of cancer cells can lead to complex cell state dynamics during tumor progression and acquired resistance. Highly plastic stem-like states may be inherently drug-resistant. Moreover, cell state dynamics in response to therapy allow a tumor to evade treatment. In both scenarios, quantifying plasticity is essential for identifying high-plasticity states or elucidating transition paths between states. Currently, methods to quantify plasticity tend to focus on 1) quantification of quasi-potential based on the underlying gene regulatory network dynamics of the system; or 2) inference of cell potency based on trajectory inference or lineage tracing in single-cell dynamics. Here, we explore both of these approaches and associated computational tools. We then discuss implications of each approach to plasticity metrics, and relevance to cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Groves
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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217
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Odendaal C, Jager EA, Martines ACMF, Vieira-Lara MA, Huijkman NCA, Kiyuna LA, Gerding A, Wolters JC, Heiner-Fokkema R, van Eunen K, Derks TGJ, Bakker BM. Personalised modelling of clinical heterogeneity between medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase patients. BMC Biol 2023; 21:184. [PMID: 37667308 PMCID: PMC10478272 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monogenetic inborn errors of metabolism cause a wide phenotypic heterogeneity that may even differ between family members carrying the same genetic variant. Computational modelling of metabolic networks may identify putative sources of this inter-patient heterogeneity. Here, we mainly focus on medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD), the most common inborn error of the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (mFAO). It is an enigma why some MCADD patients-if untreated-are at risk to develop severe metabolic decompensations, whereas others remain asymptomatic throughout life. We hypothesised that an ability to maintain an increased free mitochondrial CoA (CoASH) and pathway flux might distinguish asymptomatic from symptomatic patients. RESULTS We built and experimentally validated, for the first time, a kinetic model of the human liver mFAO. Metabolites were partitioned according to their water solubility between the bulk aqueous matrix and the inner membrane. Enzymes are also either membrane-bound or in the matrix. This metabolite partitioning is a novel model attribute and improved predictions. MCADD substantially reduced pathway flux and CoASH, the latter due to the sequestration of CoA as medium-chain acyl-CoA esters. Analysis of urine from MCADD patients obtained during a metabolic decompensation showed an accumulation of medium- and short-chain acylcarnitines, just like the acyl-CoA pool in the MCADD model. The model suggested some rescues that increased flux and CoASH, notably increasing short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) levels. Proteome analysis of MCADD patient-derived fibroblasts indeed revealed elevated levels of SCAD in a patient with a clinically asymptomatic state. This is a rescue for MCADD that has not been explored before. Personalised models based on these proteomics data confirmed an increased pathway flux and CoASH in the model of an asymptomatic patient compared to those of symptomatic MCADD patients. CONCLUSIONS We present a detailed, validated kinetic model of mFAO in human liver, with solubility-dependent metabolite partitioning. Personalised modelling of individual patients provides a novel explanation for phenotypic heterogeneity among MCADD patients. Further development of personalised metabolic models is a promising direction to improve individualised risk assessment, management and monitoring for inborn errors of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoff Odendaal
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emmalie A Jager
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Claire M F Martines
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel A Vieira-Lara
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolette C A Huijkman
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ligia A Kiyuna
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Gerding
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Karen van Eunen
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Terry G J Derks
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Barbara M Bakker
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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218
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Vovrosh J, Dragomir A, Stray B, Boddice D. Advances in Portable Atom Interferometry-Based Gravity Sensing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7651. [PMID: 37688106 PMCID: PMC10490657 DOI: 10.3390/s23177651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Gravity sensing is a valuable technique used for several applications, including fundamental physics, civil engineering, metrology, geology, and resource exploration. While classical gravimeters have proven useful, they face limitations, such as mechanical wear on the test masses, resulting in drift, and limited measurement speeds, hindering their use for long-term monitoring, as well as the need to average out microseismic vibrations, limiting their speed of data acquisition. Emerging sensors based on atom interferometry for gravity measurements could offer promising solutions to these limitations, and are currently advancing towards portable devices for real-world applications. This article provides a brief state-of-the-art review of portable atom interferometry-based quantum sensors and provides a perspective on routes towards improved sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Vovrosh
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (J.V.)
- QinetiQ, Malvern Technology Centre, St. Andrews Road, Malvern, Worcestershire WR14 3PS, UK
| | - Andrei Dragomir
- Aquark Technologies, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey SO51 9AQ, UK
| | - Ben Stray
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (J.V.)
| | - Daniel Boddice
- School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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219
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Messara S, Manzoori AR, Di Russo A, Ijspeert A, Bouri M. Novel Design and Implementation of a Neuromuscular Controller on a Hip Exoskeleton for Partial Gait Assistance. IEEE Int Conf Rehabil Robot 2023; 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37941265 DOI: 10.1109/icorr58425.2023.10304758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Exoskeletons intended for partial assistance of walking should be able to follow the gait pattern of their users, via online adaptive control strategies rather than imposing predefined kinetic or kinematic profiles. NeuroMuscular Controllers (NMCs) are adaptive strategies inspired by the neuromuscular modeling methods that seek to mimic and replicate the behavior of the human nervous system and skeletal muscles during gait. This study presents a novel design of a NMC, applied for the first time to partial assistance hip exoskeletons. Rather than the two-phase (stance/swing) division used in previous designs for the modulation of reflexes, a 5-state finite state machines is designed for gait phase synchronisation. The common virtual muscle model is also modified by assuming a stiff tendon, allowing for a more analytical computation approach for the muscle state resolution. As a first validation, the performance of the controller was tested with 9 healthy subjects walking at different speeds and slopes on a treadmill. The generated torque profiles show similarity to biological torques and optimal assistance profiles in the literature. Power output profiles of the exoskeleton indicate good synchronization with the users' intended movements, reflected in predominantly positive work by the assistance. The results also highlight the adaptability of the controller to different users and walking conditions, without the need for extensive parameter tuning.
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220
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Bandyopadhyay A, Mitra I, Avila JD, Upadhyayula M, Bose S. Porous metal implants: processing, properties, and challenges. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXTREME MANUFACTURING 2023; 5:032014. [PMID: 37476350 PMCID: PMC10355163 DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acdd35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Porous and functionally graded materials have seen extensive applications in modern biomedical devices-allowing for improved site-specific performance; their appreciable mechanical, corrosive, and biocompatible properties are highly sought after for lightweight and high-strength load-bearing orthopedic and dental implants. Examples of such porous materials are metals, ceramics, and polymers. Although, easy to manufacture and lightweight, porous polymers do not inherently exhibit the required mechanical strength for hard tissue repair or replacement. Alternatively, porous ceramics are brittle and do not possess the required fatigue resistance. On the other hand, porous biocompatible metals have shown tailorable strength, fatigue resistance, and toughness. Thereby, a significant interest in investigating the manufacturing challenges of porous metals has taken place in recent years. Past research has shown that once the advantages of porous metallic structures in the orthopedic implant industry have been realized, their biological and biomechanical compatibility-with the host bone-has been followed up with extensive methodical research. Various manufacturing methods for porous or functionally graded metals are discussed and compared in this review, specifically, how the manufacturing process influences microstructure, graded composition, porosity, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. Most of the studies discussed in this review are related to porous structures for bone implant applications; however, the understanding of these investigations may also be extended to other devices beyond the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bandyopadhyay
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Lab, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States of America
| | - Indranath Mitra
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Lab, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States of America
| | - Jose D Avila
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Lab, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States of America
| | - Mahadev Upadhyayula
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Lab, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States of America
| | - Susmita Bose
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Lab, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States of America
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221
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Chao K, Sarker MNI, Ali I, Firdaus RR, Azman A, Shaed MM. Big data-driven public health policy making: Potential for the healthcare industry. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19681. [PMID: 37809720 PMCID: PMC10558940 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of healthcare data analytics is anticipated to play a significant role in future public health policy formulation. Therefore, this study examines how big data analytics (BDA) may be methodically incorporated into various phases of the health policy cycle for fact-based and precise health policy decision-making. So, this study explores the potential of BDA for accurate and rapid policy-making processes in the healthcare industry. A systematic review of literature spanning 22 years (from January 2001 to January 2023) has been conducted using the PRISMA approach to develop a conceptual framework. The study introduces the emerging topic of BDA in healthcare policy, goes over the advantages, presents a framework, advances instances from the literature, reveals difficulties and provides recommendations. This study argues that BDA has the ability to transform the conventional policy-making process into data-driven process, which helps to make accurate health policy decision. In addition, this study contends that BDA is applicable to the different stages of health policy cycle, namely policy identification, agenda setting as well as policy formulation, implementation and evaluation. Currently, descriptive, predictive and prescriptive analytics are used for public health policy decisions on data obtained from several common health-related big data sources like electronic health reports, public health records, patient and clinical data, and government and social networking sites. To effectively utilize all of the data, it is necessary to overcome the computational, algorithmic and technological obstacles that define today's extremely heterogeneous data landscape, as well as a variety of legal, normative, governance and policy limitations. Big data can only fulfill its full potential if data are made available and shared. This enables public health institutions and policymakers to evaluate the impact and risk of policy changes at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Chao
- School of Economics and Management, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641199, China
| | - Md Nazirul Islam Sarker
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Pinang, 11800, Malaysia
- Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Isahaque Ali
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Pinang, 11800, Malaysia
| | - R.B. Radin Firdaus
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Pinang, 11800, Malaysia
| | - Azlinda Azman
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Pinang, 11800, Malaysia
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222
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McMahon‑Cole H, Johnson A, Sadat Aghamiri S, Helikar T, Crawford LB. Modeling and Remodeling the Cell: How Digital Twins and HCMV Can Elucidate the Complex Interactions of Viral Latency, Epigenetic Regulation, and Immune Responses. CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 10:141-151. [PMID: 37901689 PMCID: PMC10601359 DOI: 10.1007/s40588-023-00201-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), while asymptomatic in most, causes significant complications during fetal development, following transplant or in immunosuppressed individuals. The host-virus interactions regulating viral latency and reactivation and viral control of the cellular environment (immune regulation, differentiation, epigenetics) are highly complex. Understanding these processes is essential to controlling infection and can be leveraged as a novel approach for understanding basic cell biology. Recent Findings Immune digital twins (IDTs) are digital simulations integrating knowledge of human immunology, physiology, and patient-specific clinical data to predict individualized immune responses and targeted treatments. Recent studies used IDTs to elucidate mechanisms of T cells, dendritic cells, and epigenetic control-all key to HCMV biology. Summary Here, we discuss how leveraging the unique biology of HCMV and IDTs will clarify immune response dynamics, host-virus interactions, and viral latency and reactivation and serve as a powerful IDT-validation platform for individualized and holistic health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana McMahon‑Cole
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Alicia Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Sara Sadat Aghamiri
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Tomáš Helikar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Lindsey B. Crawford
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Center for Virology, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, Lincoln, NE, USA
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223
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Akan O, Bierbrauer A, Axmacher N, Wolf OT. Acute stress impairs visual path integration. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 26:100561. [PMID: 37576349 PMCID: PMC10416025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute stress exerts substantial effects on episodic memory, which are often mediated by glucocorticoids, the end-product of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Surprisingly little is known, however, about the influence of acute stress on human spatial navigation. One specific navigational strategy is path integration, which is linked to the medial entorhinal cortex, a region harboring glucocorticoid receptors and thus susceptible for stress effects. Here, we investigated effects of acute stress on path integration performance using a virtual homing task. We divided a sample of healthy young male participants into a stress group (nstress = 32) and a control group (ncontrol = 34). The stress group underwent the socially evaluated cold-pressor test, while the control group underwent a non-stressful control procedure. Stress induction was confirmed via physiological and subjective markers, including an increase of salivary cortisol concentrations. We applied linear mixed models to investigate the effect of acute stress on path integration depending on task difficulty and the presence or absence of spatial cues. These analyses revealed that stress impaired path integration especially in trials with high difficulty and led to greater decline of performance upon removal of spatial cues. Stress-induced deficits were strongly related to impaired distance estimation, and to a lesser extent to compromised rotation estimation. These behavioral findings are in accordance with the hypothesis that acute stress impairs path integration processes, potentially by affecting the entorhinal grid cell system. More generally, the current data suggests acute stress to impair cognitive functions mediated by medial temporal lobe regions outside the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Akan
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anne Bierbrauer
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Axmacher
- Department of Neuropsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Oliver T. Wolf
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
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Raj M K, Priyadarshani J, Karan P, Bandyopadhyay S, Bhattacharya S, Chakraborty S. Bio-inspired microfluidics: A review. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:051503. [PMID: 37781135 PMCID: PMC10539033 DOI: 10.1063/5.0161809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomicrofluidics, a subdomain of microfluidics, has been inspired by several ideas from nature. However, while the basic inspiration for the same may be drawn from the living world, the translation of all relevant essential functionalities to an artificially engineered framework does not remain trivial. Here, we review the recent progress in bio-inspired microfluidic systems via harnessing the integration of experimental and simulation tools delving into the interface of engineering and biology. Development of "on-chip" technologies as well as their multifarious applications is subsequently discussed, accompanying the relevant advancements in materials and fabrication technology. Pointers toward new directions in research, including an amalgamated fusion of data-driven modeling (such as artificial intelligence and machine learning) and physics-based paradigm, to come up with a human physiological replica on a synthetic bio-chip with due accounting of personalized features, are suggested. These are likely to facilitate physiologically replicating disease modeling on an artificially engineered biochip as well as advance drug development and screening in an expedited route with the minimization of animal and human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Raj M
- Department of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Jyotsana Priyadarshani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics Section (BMe), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300, 3001 Louvain, Belgium
| | - Pratyaksh Karan
- Géosciences Rennes Univ Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Saumyadwip Bandyopadhyay
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Soumya Bhattacharya
- Achira Labs Private Limited, 66b, 13th Cross Rd., Dollar Layout, 3–Phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, Karnataka 560078, India
| | - Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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225
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Das S, Atzin N, Tang X, Mozaffari A, de Pablo J, Abbott NL. Jetting and Droplet Formation Driven by Interfacial Electrohydrodynamic Effects Mediated by Solitons in Liquid Crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:098101. [PMID: 37721844 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.098101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Solitons are highly confined, propagating waves that arise from nonlinear feedback in natural (e.g., shallow and confined waters) and engineered systems (e.g., optical wave propagation in fibers). Solitons have recently been observed in thin films of liquid crystals (LCs) in the presence of ac electric fields, where localized LC director distortions arise and propagate due to flexoelectric polarization. Here we report that collisions between LC solitons and interfaces to isotropic fluids can generate a range of interfacial hydrodynamic phenomena. We find that single solitons can either generate single droplets or, alternatively, form jets of LC that subsequently break up into organized assemblies of droplets. We show that the influence of key parameters, such as electric field strength, LC film thickness, and LC-oil interfacial tension, map onto a universal state diagram that characterizes the transduction of soliton flexoelectric energy into droplet interfacial energy. Overall, we reveal that solitons in LCs can be used to focus the energy of nonlocalized electric fields to generate a new class of nonlinear electrohydrodynamic effects at fluid interfaces, including jetting and emulsification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumik Das
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Noe Atzin
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Xingzhou Tang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Ali Mozaffari
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Juan de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Nicholas L Abbott
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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226
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Chandrasekaran R, Busetty S. Estimation of biogas generation rate and carbon sequestration potential from two landfill sites in southern India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:95013-95024. [PMID: 37566330 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28933-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste is one of the mechanisms for sustainable development since it permits both the energy-efficient disposal of solid waste and the use of biogas. As a result, this study provides an assessment of the potential energy and emissions saved by using biogas energy generated from the biodegradation of solid waste. For present study two major cities are selected in south India namely Madurai, Tamil Nādu and Hyderabad, Telangana. The LandGEM 3.03 model is used to estimate the concentration of total landfill gases. The landfill in Madurai produced 2.162 × 106 cu. m per year of methane emissions in the year 2013. The production of biogas has increased over time would continue to increase until 2045, when a production rate of 6.32 × 107 cu. m per year was recorded as the largest concentration of biogas ever generated. For the Hyderabad landfill, methane concentrations during the year 2013 was recorded to be 2.5 × 107 cu. m per year and reached a peak in 2046 with a concentration of 3.7 × 108 cu. m per year, was found to have a potential to generate 2.1 × 106 kWh per year. For the Madurai dump site, the energy potential increases gradually and reaches a peak during the year 2047 with a value of 4.54 × 107 kWh per year. Whereas for Hyderabad dump site was found to have an energy equivalent of 2.1 × 108 kWh per year during 2024 and reaches a peak during 2046 with an energy equivalent of 5.1 × 108 kWh per year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramprasad Chandrasekaran
- School of Civil Engineering, Centre for Advanced Research in Environment (CARE), SASTRA Deemed to Be University, 613 401, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanyam Busetty
- School of Civil Engineering, Centre for Advanced Research in Environment (CARE), SASTRA Deemed to Be University, 613 401, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
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227
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Pacheco MO, Lutz HM, Armada J, Davies N, Gerzenshtein IK, Cakley AS, Spiess BD, Stoppel WL. Silk Fibroin Particles as Carriers in the Development of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2023; 3:2300019. [PMID: 38708087 PMCID: PMC11068031 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202300019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxygen therapeutics have a range of applications in transfusion medicine and disease treatment. Synthetic molecules and all-natural or semi-synthetic hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) have seen success as potential circulating oxygen carriers. However, many early HBOC products stalled in development due to side effects from excess hemoglobin in the blood stream and hemoglobin entering the tissue. To overcome these issues, research has focused on increasing the molecular diameter of hemoglobin by polymerizing hemoglobin molecules or encapsulating hemoglobin in liposomal carriers. This work leverages the properties of silk fibroin, a cytocompatible and non-thrombogenic biopolymer, known to entrap protein-based cargo, to engineer a fully protein-based oxygen carrier. Herein, an all-aqueous solvent evaporation technique was used to form silk particles via phase separation from a bulk polyvinyl alcohol phase (PVA). Particles size was tuned, and particles were formed with and without hemoglobin. The encapsulation efficiency and ferrous state of hemoglobin were analyzed, resulting in 60% encapsulation efficiency and a maximum of 20% ferric hemoglobin, yielding 100 µg/mL active hemoglobin in certain sfHBOC formulations. The system did not elicit a strong inflammation response in vitro, demonstrating the potential for this particle system to serve as an injectable HBOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa O Pacheco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville FL
| | - Henry M Lutz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville FL
| | - Jostin Armada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville FL
| | - Nickolas Davies
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL
| | | | - Alaura S Cakley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville FL
| | - Bruce D Spiess
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL
| | - Whitney L Stoppel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville FL
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville FL
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228
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Liu S, Wang S, Xu D, Pan B, Chen L, Zhao S, Xu Z, Zhou W. Novel ester tethered dihydroartemisinin-3-(oxime/thiosemicarbazide)isatin hybrids as potential anti-breast cancer agents: Synthesis, in vitro cytotoxicity and structure-activity relationship. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:1175-1182. [PMID: 37165798 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of ester tethered dihydroartemisinin-3-(oxime/thiosemicarbazide)isatin hybrids 7a-p were designed, synthesized, and assessed for their antiproliferative activity against MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7/ADR, and MDA-MB-231/ADR breast cancer cell lines. Among them, hybrids 7a,f (IC50 : 1.33-3.84 µM) showed potent activity against triple-negative (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-231/ADR) breast cancer cell lines, and hybrid 7f (IC50 : 3.90 and 10.18 µM) also demonstrated promising activity against estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR), and the activity was superior to these of artemisinin, dihydroartemisinin, and ADR, revealing their potential to fight against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant breast cancers. The enriched structure-activity relationships may facilitate further design of more active candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohuan Liu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Wang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linzhi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijia Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
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229
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Sambiani K, Lare Y, Zanguina A, Narra S. Location-allocation combining fuzzy analytical hierarchy process for waste to energy facilities siting in developing urban areas: The case study of Lomé, Togo. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19767. [PMID: 37810125 PMCID: PMC10559066 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Waste facilities siting is one of the complex problems encountered by decision makers of waste management in urban developing areas. Waste to Energy (WtE) facilities siting alongside transfer stations involves a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and has leveraged waste value chain. However, the process requires to consider the interlinked fields of environment, socio-cultural and economic/technical factors as Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in a context of lack of knowledge and expertise. This study aims to propose a framework of WtE facilities siting through a GIS-based Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and location-allocation method in Lomé's case study in Togo. This method was applied with boolean logic and fuzzy overlay operators, to assess the potential sites and optimize their selection through a location-allocation solver considering transfer stations and road networks under ArcGIS. Moreover, WtE technologies were attributed to sites based on the territorial aspect. As result, 30.70% of the study area was excluded and three potential areas with a minimum value of 3.47 km2 comprised between 0.81% and 1.01% of the study area, and have been obtained with an acceptable consistency ratio of 0.09. The potential sites are more influenced by slope and residence criteria under economic/technical and socio-cultural factors, with 29.13% and 19.84% of weight respectively. Therefore, through the location-allocation method two optimized sites are obtained and assigned to transfer stations; the first suitable site close to industrial area is appropriate for the gasifier which consequently classified ahead of the anaerobic digester that is suitable for the second suitable site close to agricultural area. As result, prioritizing WtE technologies and site selection should take into account territory aspect, waste sources as well other environmental, socio-cultural and economic/technical factors. This approach has demonstrated its robustness and serves as a stepwise tool for decision makers in WtE facilities siting in developing urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanlanféi Sambiani
- West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL), University of Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger
| | - Yendoubé Lare
- Department of Physics, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Adamou Zanguina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger
| | - Satyanarayana Narra
- West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
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230
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Vezakis I, Vezakis A, Gourtsoyianni S, Koutoulidis V, Polydorou AA, Matsopoulos GK, Koutsouris DD. An Automated Prognostic Model for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1742. [PMID: 37761882 PMCID: PMC10530933 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) constitutes a leading cause of cancer-related mortality despite advances in detection and treatment methods. While computed tomography (CT) serves as the current gold standard for initial evaluation of PDAC, its prognostic value remains limited, as it relies on diagnostic stage parameters encompassing tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis. Radiomics have recently shown promise in predicting postoperative survival of PDAC patients; however, they rely on manual pancreas and tumor delineation by clinicians. In this study, we collected a dataset of pre-operative CT scans from a cohort of 40 PDAC patients to evaluate a fully automated pipeline for survival prediction. Employing nnU-Net trained on an external dataset, we generated automated pancreas and tumor segmentations. Subsequently, we extracted 854 radiomic features from each segmentation, which we narrowed down to 29 via feature selection. We then combined these features with the Tumor, Node, Metastasis (TNM) system staging parameters, as well as the patient's age. We trained a random survival forest model to perform an overall survival prediction over time, as well as a random forest classifier for the binary classification of two-year survival, using repeated cross-validation for evaluation. Our results exhibited promise, with a mean C-index of 0.731 for survival modeling and a mean accuracy of 0.76 in two-year survival prediction, providing evidence of the feasibility and potential efficacy of a fully automated pipeline for PDAC prognostication. By eliminating the labor-intensive manual segmentation process, our streamlined pipeline demonstrates an efficient and accurate prognostication process, laying the foundation for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Vezakis
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.V.); (D.D.K.)
| | - Antonios Vezakis
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sophias Ave., 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.V.); (A.A.P.)
| | - Sofia Gourtsoyianni
- 1st Department of Radiology, Aretaieion Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sophias Ave., 11528 Athens, Greece; (S.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Vassilis Koutoulidis
- 1st Department of Radiology, Aretaieion Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sophias Ave., 11528 Athens, Greece; (S.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Andreas A. Polydorou
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sophias Ave., 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.V.); (A.A.P.)
| | - George K. Matsopoulos
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.V.); (D.D.K.)
| | - Dimitrios D. Koutsouris
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.V.); (D.D.K.)
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231
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Das A, Arunan E. Unified classification of non-covalent bonds formed by main group elements: a bridge to chemical bonding. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:22583-22594. [PMID: 37435670 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00370a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Using correlation plots of binding energy and electron density at the bond critical point, we investigated the nature of intermolecular non-covalent bonds (D-X⋯A, where D = O/S/F/Cl/Br/H, mostly, X = main group elements (except noble gases), A = H2O, NH3, H2S, PH3, HCHO, C2H4, HCN, CO, CH3OH, and CH3OCH3). The binding energies were calculated at the MP2 level of theory, followed by Atoms in Molecules (AIM) analysis of the ab initio wave functions to obtain the electron density at the bond critical point (BCP). For each non-covalent bond, the slopes of the binding energy versus electron density plot have been determined. Based on their slopes, non-covalent bonds are classified as non-covalent bond closed-shell (NCB-C) or non-covalent bond shared-shell (NCB-S). Intriguingly, extrapolating the slopes of the NCB-C and NCB-S cases leads to intramolecular "ionic" and "covalent" bonding regimes, establishing a link between such intermolecular non-covalent and intramolecular chemical bonds. With this new classification, hydrogen bonds and other non-covalent bonds formed by a main-group atom in a covalent molecule are classified as NCB-S. Atoms found in ionic molecules generally form NCB-C type bonds, with the exception of carbon which also forms NCB-C type bonds. Molecules with a tetravalent carbon do behave like ions in ionic molecules such as NaCl and interact with other molecules through NCB-C type bonds. As with the chemical bonds, there are some non-covalent bonds that are intermediate cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Das
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Elangannan Arunan
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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232
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Ciliveri S, Bandyopadhyay A. Understanding the influence of alloying elements on the print quality of powder bed fusion-based metal additive manufacturing: Ta and Cu addition to Ti alloy. VIRTUAL AND PHYSICAL PROTOTYPING 2023; 18:e2248464. [PMID: 38911127 PMCID: PMC11192459 DOI: 10.1080/17452759.2023.2248464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Alloy design coupled with metal additive manufacturing (AM) opens many opportunities for materials innovation. Investigating the effect of printing parameters for alloy design is essential to achieve good part quality. Among different factors, laser absorptivity, heat diffusivity, and in situ intermetallic phase formations are critical. In this study, the first step employed was a reduction in Al and V contents in Ti6Al4V to design Ti3Al2V alloy, and further 10 wt.% tantalum (Ta) and 3 wt.% copper (Cu) were added to Ti3Al2V. A synergistic effect of Ta and Cu addition in Ti3Al2V negated their effect with higher porosities in Ti3Al2V-Ta-Cu. Ti3Al2V-Ta composition was more sensitive to the laser power, whereas Ti3Al2V-Ta-Cu to the overall energy density. Understanding the effect of energy density on these alloys' microstructural evolution and mechanical properties highlights the need for process-property optimization during alloy design using AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Ciliveri
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Lab, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA
| | - Amit Bandyopadhyay
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Lab, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA
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233
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Ghetu MC, Virgolici M, Tirsoaga A, Stanculescu I. Molecular Modelling of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins Non-Covalent Interactions with β and γ-Cyclodextrins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13214. [PMID: 37686019 PMCID: PMC10488135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) are persistent organic pollutants which result as byproducts in industrial or combustion processes and induce toxicity in both wildlife and humans. In this study, all seven PCDD, tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (TCDD), pentachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (P5CDD), hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (H6CDD), heptachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (H7CDD), and octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (OCDD) were studied in interaction with two cyclodextrins, β-CD and γ-CD, resulting in a total of 40 host-guest complexes. The flexibility of the cyclodextrins was given by the number of glucose units, and the placement of the chlorine groups on the dioxins structure accounted for the different complex formed. Various geometries of interaction obtained by guided docking were studied, and the complexation and binding energy were calculated in the frame of MM+ and OPLS force fields. The results show that the recognition of the PCDD pollutants by the CD may be possible through the formation of PCDD:CD inclusion complexes. This recognition is based on the formation of Coulombic interactions between the chlorine atom of the PCDD and the primary and secondary hydroxyl groups of the CD and van der Waals interaction of the CD hydrophobic cavity with PCDD aromatic structures. Both MM+ and OPLS calculus resulted in close values for the complexation and binding energies. Molecular mechanics calculations offer a proper insight into the molecular recognition process between the PCDD compounds and CD molecules, proved by a good description of the C-H···O bonds formed between the guest and host molecules. It was shown for the first time that CD may efficiently trap PCCDs, opening the way for their tremendous potential use in environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Cristina Ghetu
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Bd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Research and Development for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania;
| | - Marian Virgolici
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Research and Development for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania;
| | - Alina Tirsoaga
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Bd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Stanculescu
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Bd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Research and Development for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania;
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234
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Parra RD. Hydrogen-Bond-Driven Peptide Nanotube Formation: A DFT Study. Molecules 2023; 28:6217. [PMID: 37687047 PMCID: PMC10488343 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
DFT calculations were carried out to examine geometries and binding energies of H-bond-driven peptide nanotubes. A bolaamphiphile molecule, consisting of two N-α amido glycylglycine head groups linked by either one CH2 group or seven CH2 groups, is used as a building block for nanotube self-assembly. In addition to hydrogen bonds between adjacent carboxy or amide groups, nanotube formation is also driven by weak C-H· · ·O hydrogen bonds between a methylene group and the carboxy OH group, and between a methylene group and an amide O=C group. The intratubular O-H· · ·O=C hydrogen bonds account for approximately a third of the binding energies. Binding energies calculated with the wB97XD/DGDZVP method show that the hydrocarbon chains play a stabilizing role in nanotube self-assembly. The shortest nanotube has the length of a single monomer and a diameter than increases with the number of monomers. Lengthening of the tubular structure occurs through intertubular O-H· · ·O=C hydrogen bonds. The average intertubular O-H· · ·O=C hydrogen bond binding energy is estimated to change with the size of the nanotubes, decreasing slightly towards some plateau value near 15 kcal/mol according to the wB97XD/DGDZVP method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén D Parra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
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235
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Prado NA, Armstrong EE, Brown JL, Goldenberg SZ, Leimgruber P, Pearson VR, Maldonado JE, Campana MG. Genomic resources for Asian (Elephas maximus) and African savannah elephant (Loxodonta africana) conservation and health research. J Hered 2023; 114:529-538. [PMID: 37246890 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We provide novel genomic resources to help understand the genomic traits involved in elephant health and to aid conservation efforts. We sequence 11 elephant genomes (5 African savannah, 6 Asian) from North American zoos, including 9 de novo assemblies. We estimate elephant germline mutation rates and reconstruct demographic histories. Finally, we provide an in-solution capture assay to genotype Asian elephants. This assay is suitable for analyzing degraded museum and noninvasive samples, such as feces and hair. The elephant genomic resources we present here should allow for more detailed and uniform studies in the future to aid elephant conservation efforts and disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Prado
- Biology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, United States
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
- Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, United States
| | - Ellie E Armstrong
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Janine L Brown
- Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, United States
| | - Shifra Z Goldenberg
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
- Conservation Science and Wildlife Health, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Escondido, CA, United States
| | - Peter Leimgruber
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Virginia R Pearson
- Glenn Rall Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jesús E Maldonado
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Michael G Campana
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
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236
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Jiang D, Zhao H, Du H, Deng Y, Wu Z, Wang J, Zeng Y, Zhang H, Wang X, Wu J, Hsieh CY, Hou T. How Good Are Current Docking Programs at Nucleic Acid-Ligand Docking? A Comprehensive Evaluation. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:5633-5647. [PMID: 37480347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid (NA)-ligand interactions are of paramount importance in a variety of biological processes, including cellular reproduction and protein biosynthesis, and therefore, NAs have been broadly recognized as potential drug targets. Understanding NA-ligand interactions at the atomic scale is essential for investigating the molecular mechanism and further assisting in NA-targeted drug discovery. Molecular docking is one of the predominant computational approaches for predicting the interactions between NAs and small molecules. Despite the availability of versatile docking programs, their performance profiles for NA-ligand complexes have not been thoroughly characterized. In this study, we first compiled the largest structure-based NA-ligand binding data set to date, containing 800 noncovalent NA-ligand complexes with clearly identified ligands. Based on this extensive data set, eight frequently used docking programs, including six protein-ligand docking programs (LeDock, Surflex-Dock, UCSF Dock6, AutoDock, AutoDock Vina, and PLANTS) and two specific NA-ligand docking programs (rDock and RLDOCK), were systematically evaluated in terms of binding pose and binding affinity predictions. The results demonstrated that some protein-ligand docking programs, specifically PLANTS and LeDock, produced more promising or comparable results compared with the specialized NA-ligand docking programs. Among the programs evaluated, PLANTS, rDock, and LeDock showed the highest performance in binding pose prediction, and their top-1 and best root-mean-square deviation (rmsd) success rates were as follows: PLANTS (35.93 and 76.05%), rDock (27.25 and 72.16%), and LeDock (27.40 and 64.37%). Compared with the moderate level of binding pose prediction, few programs were successful in binding affinity prediction, and the best correlation (Rp = -0.461) was observed with PLANTS. Finally, further comparison with the latest NA-ligand docking program (NLDock) on four well-established data sets revealed that PLANTS and LeDock outperformed NLDock in terms of binding pose prediction on all data sets, demonstrating their significant potential for NA-ligand docking. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the most comprehensive evaluation of popular molecular docking programs for NA-ligand systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejun Jiang
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Carbonsilicon AI Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huifeng Zhao
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Carbonsilicon AI Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyan Du
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yafeng Deng
- Hangzhou Carbonsilicon AI Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenxing Wu
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jike Wang
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yundian Zeng
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- China State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chang-Yu Hsieh
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
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237
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Teng F, Tan G, Liu T, Zhang T, Liu Y, Li S, Lei C, Peng X, Yin H, Meng D. Inoculation with thermophiles enhanced the food waste bio-drying and complicated interdomain ecological networks between bacterial and fungal communities. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116299. [PMID: 37268211 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bio-drying is a practical approach for treating food waste (FW). However, microbial ecological processes during treatment are essential for improving the dry efficiency, and have not been stressed enough. This study analyzed the microbial community succession and two critical periods of interdomain ecological networks (IDENs) during FW bio-drying inoculated with thermophiles (TB), to determine how TB affects FW bio-drying efficiency. The results showed that TB could rapidly colonize in the FW bio-drying, with the highest relative abundance of 5.13%. Inoculating TB increased the maximum temperature, temperature integrated index and moisture removal rate of FW bio-drying (55.7 °C, 219.5 °C, and 86.11% vs. 52.1 °C, 159.1 °C, and 56.02%), thereby accelerating the FW bio-drying efficiency by altering the succession of microbial communities. The structural equation model and IDEN analysis demonstrated that TB inoculation complicated the IDENs between bacterial and fungal communities by significantly and positively affecting bacterial communities (b = 0.39, p < 0.001) and fungal communities (b = 0.32, p < 0.01), thereby enhancing interdomain interactions between bacteria and fungi. Additionally, inoculation TB significantly increased the relative abundance of keystone taxa, including Clostridium sensu stricto, Ochrobactrum, Phenylobacterium, Microvirga and Candida. In conclusion, the inoculation of TB could effectively improve FW bio-drying, which is a promising technology for rapidly reducing FW with high moisture content and recovering resources from it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Teng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Ge Tan
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410014, China
| | - Tianbo Liu
- China Tobacco Research Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Hunan Urban and Rural Environmental Construction Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410118, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- China Tobacco Research Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Sheng Li
- College of Resources & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Can Lei
- Changsha Leibang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410199, China
| | - Xing Peng
- Hunan Renhe Environment Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Delong Meng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China.
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238
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Gazerani P. Intelligent Digital Twins for Personalized Migraine Care. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1255. [PMID: 37623505 PMCID: PMC10455577 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intelligent digital twins closely resemble their real-life counterparts. In health and medical care, they enable the real-time monitoring of patients, whereby large amounts of data can be collected to produce actionable information. These powerful tools are constructed with the aid of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning; the Internet of Things; and cloud computing to collect a diverse range of digital data (e.g., from digital patient journals, wearable sensors, and digitized monitoring equipment or processes), which can provide information on the health conditions and therapeutic responses of their physical twins. Intelligent digital twins can enable data-driven clinical decision making and advance the realization of personalized care. Migraines are a highly prevalent and complex neurological disorder affecting people of all ages, genders, and geographical locations. It is ranked among the top disabling diseases, with substantial negative personal and societal impacts, but the current treatment strategies are suboptimal. Personalized care for migraines has been suggested to optimize their treatment. The implementation of intelligent digital twins for migraine care can theoretically be beneficial in supporting patient-centric care management. It is also expected that the implementation of intelligent digital twins will reduce costs in the long run and enhance treatment effectiveness. This study briefly reviews the concept of digital twins and the available literature on digital twins for health disorders such as neurological diseases. Based on these, the potential construction and utility of digital twins for migraines will then be presented. The potential and challenges when implementing intelligent digital twins for the future management of migraines are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Gazerani
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway;
- Centre for Intelligent Musculoskeletal Health (CIM), Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9260 Gistrup, Denmark
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239
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Yau A, Jogdand A, Chen Y. Blood-brain-barrier modeling with tissue chips for research applications in space and on Earth. FRONTIERS IN SPACE TECHNOLOGIES 2023; 4:1176943. [PMID: 38915909 PMCID: PMC11195916 DOI: 10.3389/frspt.2023.1176943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Tissue chip technology has revolutionized biomedical applications and the medical science field for the past few decades. Currently, tissue chips are one of the most powerful research tools aiding in in vitro work to accurately predict the outcome of studies when compared to monolayer two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. While 2D cell cultures held prominence for a long time, their lack of biomimicry has resulted in a transition to 3D cell cultures, including tissue chips technology, to overcome the discrepancies often seen in in vitro studies. Due to their wide range of applications, different organ systems have been studied over the years, one of which is the blood brain barrier (BBB) which is discussed in this review. The BBB is an incredible protective unit of the body, keeping out pathogens from entering the brain through vasculature. However, there are some microbes and certain diseases that disrupt the function of this barrier which can lead to detrimental outcomes. Over the past few years, various designs of the BBB have been proposed and modeled to study drug delivery and disease modeling on Earth. More recently, researchers have started to utilize tissue chips in space to study the effects of microgravity on human health. BBB tissue chips in space can be a tool to understand function mechanisms and therapeutics. This review addresses the limitations of monolayer cell culture which could be overcome with utilizing tissue chips technology. Current BBB models on Earth and how they are fabricated as well as what influences the BBB cell culture in tissue chips are discussed. Then, this article reviews how application of these technologies together with incorporating biosensors in space would be beneficial to help in predicting a more accurate physiological response in specific tissue or organ chips. Finally, the current platforms used in space and some solutions to overcome some shortcomings for future BBB tissue chip research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yupeng Chen
- Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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240
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Qutieshat A, Mason AG, Chadwick RG. Evaluation of Struthio camelus eggshell as an in vitro alternative to extracted human teeth in preliminary screening studies on dental erosion. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:630-640. [PMID: 37106488 PMCID: PMC10441603 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro work investigates the potential of ostrich eggshell as a substitute for extracted human teeth in preliminary screening studies on dental erosion. Additionally, it aims to demonstrate the potential of ostrich eggshell compared to human enamel in evaluating the efficacy of a preventive agent in protecting against dental erosion, using an artificial mouth model. METHODS The experiment utilized 96 erosion testing specimens from each substrate, human enamel, and ostrich eggshell. The specimens were subjected to six different experimental regimens of increasing erosive challenge, simulating the consumption of an acidic drink. The acidic drink was delivered at a consistent volume and duration range. Both artificially stimulated and unstimulated saliva flowed throughout the experimental regimens. Surface hardness was measured using a Through-Indenter Viewing hardness tester with a Vickers diamond, while surface profiling was done using a surface contacting profilometer with a diamond stylus. An automated chemistry analyzer system was used to detect calcium and phosphate ions. RESULTS The study found that ostrich eggshell specimens demonstrated predictable surface loss, hardness drop, and ion loss due to the acidic challenge. Meanwhile, enamel appeared to fall short in terms of surface hardness predictability. The transient hardness loss phase, which manifests as an overlooked decrease in surface hardness despite significant ion and structural loss, may explain this phenomenon. CONCLUSIONS The experiment showed that assessing surface loss is essential in addition to hardness testing, particularly as certain experimental conditions may produce a false perception of tissue recovery despite the actual surface loss. By analyzing the response of ostrich eggshell specimens to erosive challenges, researchers were able to identify an "overlooked" reduction in hardness in enamel specimens. The differences in the structure, chemical composition, and biological response to erosion in the presence of artificial saliva between enamel and ostrich eggshell could explain their distinct behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubaker Qutieshat
- Department of Adult Restorative DentistryOman Dental CollegeMuscatSultanate of Oman
- Department of Restorative DentistryDundee Dental Hospital & SchoolDundeeUK
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241
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Scott P, Adedeji T, Nakkas H, Andrikopoulou E. One Health in a Digital World: Technology, Data, Information and Knowledge. Yearb Med Inform 2023; 32:10-18. [PMID: 37414034 PMCID: PMC10751116 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the origins and growth of the One Health concept and its recent application in One Digital Health. METHODS Bibliometric review and critical discussion of emergent themes derived from co-occurrence of MeSH keywords. RESULTS The fundamental interrelationship between human health, animal health and the wider environment has been recognized since ancient times. One Health as a distinct term originated in 2004 and has been a rapidly growing concept of interest in the biomedical literature since 2017. One Digital Health has quickly established itself as a unifying construct that highlights the critical role of technology, data, information and knowledge to facilitate the interdisciplinary collaboration that One Health requires. The principal application domains of One Digital Health to date are in FAIR data integration and analysis, disease surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship and environmental monitoring. CONCLUSIONS One Health and One Digital Health offer powerful lenses to examine and address crises in our living world. We propose thinking in terms of Learning One Health Systems that can dynamically capture, integrate, analyse and monitor application of data across the biosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Scott
- Institute of Management & Health, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Taiwo Adedeji
- School of Computing, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Haythem Nakkas
- School of Computing, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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242
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Liao WC, Mukundan A, Sadiaza C, Tsao YM, Huang CW, Wang HC. Systematic meta-analysis of computer-aided detection to detect early esophageal cancer using hyperspectral imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:4383-4405. [PMID: 37799695 PMCID: PMC10549751 DOI: 10.1364/boe.492635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the leading causes of cancer deaths is esophageal cancer (EC) because identifying it in early stage is challenging. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) could detect the early stages of EC have been developed in recent years. Therefore, in this study, complete meta-analysis of selected studies that only uses hyperspectral imaging to detect EC is evaluated in terms of their diagnostic test accuracy (DTA). Eight studies are chosen based on the Quadas-2 tool results for systematic DTA analysis, and each of the methods developed in these studies is classified based on the nationality of the data, artificial intelligence, the type of image, the type of cancer detected, and the year of publishing. Deeks' funnel plot, forest plot, and accuracy charts were made. The methods studied in these articles show the automatic diagnosis of EC has a high accuracy, but external validation, which is a prerequisite for real-time clinical applications, is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Arvind Mukundan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, 168, University Rd., Min Hsiung, Chia Yi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Cleorita Sadiaza
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Far Eastern University, P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila, 1015, Philippines
| | - Yu-Ming Tsao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, 168, University Rd., Min Hsiung, Chia Yi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, 2, Zhongzheng 1st.Rd., Lingya District, Kaohsiung City 80284, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Tajen University, 20, Weixin Rd., Yanpu Township, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chen Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, 168, University Rd., Min Hsiung, Chia Yi 62102, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 2, Minsheng Road, Dalin, Chiayi, 62247, Taiwan
- Director of Technology Development, Hitspectra Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., 4F., No. 2, Fuxing 4th Rd., Qianzhen Dist., Kaohsiung City 80661, Taiwan
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243
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Alemayehu DB, Todoh M, Hsieh JH, Li C, Huang SJ. Improving Pure Titanium's Biological and Mechanical Characteristics through ECAP and Micro-Arc Oxidation Processes. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1541. [PMID: 37630077 PMCID: PMC10456902 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Pure titanium is limited to be used in biomedical applications due to its lower mechanical strength compared to its alloy counterpart. To enhance its properties and improve medical implants feasibility, advancements in titanium processing technologies are necessary. One such technique is equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) for its severe plastic deformation (SPD). This study aims to surface modify commercially pure titanium using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) or plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) technologies, and mineral solutions containing Ca and P. The composition, metallography, and shape of the changed surface were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), digital optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. A microhardness test is conducted to assess each sample's mechanical strength. The weight % of Ca and P in the coating was determined using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and the corrosion resistance was evaluated through potentiodynamic measurement. The behavior of human dental pulp cell and periodontal cell behavior was also studied through a biomedical experiment over a period of 1-, 3-, and 7-days using culture medium, and the cell death and viability can be inferred with the help of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) since it can detect proteins or biomarkers secreted by cells undergoing apoptosis or necrosis. This study shows that the mechanical grain refinement method and surface modification might improve the mechanical and biomechanical properties of commercially pure (CP) titanium. According to the results of the corrosion loss measurements, 2PassMAO had the lowest corrosion rate, which is determined to be 0.495 mmpy. The electrode potentials for the 1-pass and 2-pass coated samples are 1.44 V and 1.47 V, respectively. This suggests that the coating is highly effective in reducing the corrosion rate of the metallic CP Ti sample. Changes in the grain size and the presence of a high number of grain boundaries have a significant impact on the corrosion resistance of CP Ti. For ECAPED and surface-modified titanium samples in a 3.6% NaCl electrolyte solution, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) properties are similar to Nyquist and Bode plot fitting. In light of ISO 10993-5 guidelines for assessing in vitro cytotoxicity, this study contributes valuable insights into pulp and periodontal cell behavior, focusing specifically on material cytotoxicity, a critical factor determined by a 30% decrease in cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawit Bogale Alemayehu
- Division of Human Mechanical Systems and Design, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan;
| | - Masahiro Todoh
- Division of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan;
| | - Jang-Hsing Hsieh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taipei 24301, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Song-Jeng Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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244
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Grabowski SJ. Ga···C Triel Bonds-Why They Are Not Strong Enough to Change Trigonal Configuration into Tetrahedral One: DFT Calculations on Dimers That Occur in Crystal Structures. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12212. [PMID: 37569593 PMCID: PMC10418643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Structures characterized by the trigonal coordination of the gallium center that interacts with electron rich carbon sites are described. These interactions may be classified as Ga···C triel bonds. Their properties are analyzed in this study since these interactions may be important in numerous chemical processes including catalytical activities; additionally, geometrical parameters of corresponding species are described. The Ga···C triel bonds discussed here, categorized also as the π-hole bonds, do not change the trigonal configuration of the gallium center into the tetrahedral one despite total interactions in dimers being strong; however, the main contribution to the stabilization of corresponding structures comes from the electrostatic forces. The systems analyzed theoretically here come from crystal structures since the Cambridge Structural Database, CSD, search was performed to find structures where the gallium center linked to CC bonds of Lewis base units occurs. The majority structures found in CSD are characterized by parallel, stacking-like arrangements of species containing the Ga-centers. The theoretical results show that interactions within dimers are not classified as the three-centers links as in a case of typical hydrogen bonds and numerous other interactions. The total interactions in dimers analyzed here consist of several local intermolecular atom-atom interactions; these are mainly the Ga···C links. The DFT results are supported in this study by calculations with the use of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules, QTAIM, the natural bond orbital, NBO, and the energy decomposition analysis, EDA, approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir J. Grabowski
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak: Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU & Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) PK 1072, 20080 Donostia, Spain;
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
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245
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Rex M C, Debroy A, Nirmala MJ, Mukherjee A. Ecotoxicological significance of bio-corona formation on micro/nanoplastics in aquatic organisms. RSC Adv 2023; 13:22905-22917. [PMID: 37520083 PMCID: PMC10375451 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04054b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The unsustainable manufacturing, utilization and inadequate handling of plastics have led to a surge in global plastic pollution. In recent times, there has been increasing concern about the plausible hazards associated with exposure to micro/nanoplastics (M/NPs). As aquatic systems are considered to be the likely sink for M/NPs, it is crucial to comprehend their environmental behavior. The bioavailability, toxicity and fate of M/NPs in the environment are predominantly dictated by their surface characteristics. In the aquatic environment, M/NPs are prone to be internalized by aquatic organisms. This may facilitate their interaction with a diverse array of biomolecules within the organism, resulting in the formation of a biocorona (BC). The development of BC causes modifications in the physicochemical attributes of the M/NPs including changes to their size, stability, surface charge and other properties. This review details the concept of BC formation and its underlying mechanism. It provides insight on the analytical techniques employed for characterizing BC formation and addresses the associated challenges. Further, the eco-toxicological implications of M/NPs and the role of BC in modifying their potential toxicity on aquatic organisms is specified. The impact of BC formation on the fate and transport of M/NPs is discussed. A concise outlook on the future perspectives is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camil Rex M
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India
| | - Abhrajit Debroy
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India
| | - M Joyce Nirmala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India
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246
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Picus CM, Mihai I, Suciu C. Experimental Investigations upon Ultrasound Influence on Calefaction of AdBlue in Selective Catalytic Reduction Systems (SCR). MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1488. [PMID: 37630024 PMCID: PMC10456810 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The present paper intends to provide an analysis of how the process of calefaction occurs in a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system and the mechanisms by which the deposition of AdBlue crystals on a hot surface evolve. Experimentally, two aluminium samples heated to 200 °C were used, over which AdBlue droplets with different atomisation rates were dropped, maintaining the same dynamic flow parameters, in order to observe the influence of temperature effects on the degree of deposition of crystallised sediment on the surface. The authors proposed the use of calefaction in an ultrasonic environment to prevent deposition and to increase droplet fragmentation by a break-up process. To prove the performance of this method one sample was subjected to a normal flow regime while a second sample was exposed to ultrasound. Both samples were assembled on a magneto-strictive concentrator operating at a frequency of 20 kHz. The obtained results indicated that the sample exposed to ultrasound demonstrated lower urea crystallisation compared to the sample that was not exposed to this treatment. Thus, it can be seen that the proposed method of injecting AdBlue into an ultrasonic zone gives the desired results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioan Mihai
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Automotive and Robotics, Stefan cel Mare University, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
| | - Cornel Suciu
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Automotive and Robotics, Stefan cel Mare University, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
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247
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Ziganshina MM, Shilova NV, Khalturina EO, Dolgushina NV, V Borisevich S, Yarotskaya EL, Bovin NV, Sukhikh GT. Antibody-Dependent Enhancement with a Focus on SARS-CoV-2 and Anti-Glycan Antibodies. Viruses 2023; 15:1584. [PMID: 37515270 PMCID: PMC10384250 DOI: 10.3390/v15071584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon where virus-specific antibodies paradoxically cause enhanced viral replication and/or excessive immune responses, leading to infection exacerbation, tissue damage, and multiple organ failure. ADE has been observed in many viral infections and is supposed to complicate the course of COVID-19. However, the evidence is insufficient. Since no specific laboratory markers have been described, the prediction and confirmation of ADE are very challenging. The only possible predictor is the presence of already existing (after previous infection) antibodies that can bind to viral epitopes and promote the disease enhancement. At the same time, the virus-specific antibodies are also a part of immune response against a pathogen. These opposite effects of antibodies make ADE research controversial. The assignment of immunoglobulins to ADE-associated or virus neutralizing is based on their affinity, avidity, and content in blood. However, these criteria are not clearly defined. Another debatable issue (rather terminological, but no less important) is that in most publications about ADE, all immunoglobulins produced by the immune system against pathogens are qualified as pre-existing antibodies, thus ignoring the conventional use of this term for natural antibodies produced without any stimulation by pathogens. Anti-glycan antibodies (AGA) make up a significant part of the natural immunoglobulins pool, and there is some evidence of their antiviral effect, particularly in COVID-19. AGA have been shown to be involved in ADE in bacterial infections, but their role in the development of ADE in viral infections has not been studied. This review focuses on pros and cons for AGA as an ADE trigger. We also present the results of our pilot studies, suggesting that AGAs, which bind to complex epitopes (glycan plus something else in tight proximity), may be involved in the development of the ADE phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina M Ziganshina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Shilova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugenia O Khalturina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya V Dolgushina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina L Yarotskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicolai V Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady T Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
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248
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Kurzawski JW, Pombo M, Burchell A, Hanning NM, Liao S, Majaj NJ, Pelli DG. EasyEyes - Accurate fixation for online vision testing of crowding and beyond. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.14.549019. [PMID: 37503301 PMCID: PMC10370065 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.14.549019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Online methods allow testing of larger, more diverse populations, with much less effort than in-lab testing. However, many psychophysical measurements, including visual crowding, require accurate eye fixation, which is classically achieved by testing only experienced observers who have learned to fixate reliably, or by using a gaze tracker to restrict testing to moments when fixation is accurate. Alas, both approaches are impractical online since online observers tend to be inexperienced, and online gaze tracking, using the built-in webcam, has a low precision (±4 deg, Papoutsaki et al., 2016). The EasyEyes open-source software reliably measures peripheral thresholds online with accurate fixation achieved in a novel way, without gaze tracking. EasyEyes tells observers to use the cursor to track a moving crosshair. At a random time during successful tracking, a brief target is presented in the periphery. The observer responds by identifying the target. To evaluate EasyEyes fixation accuracy and thresholds, we tested 12 naive observers in three ways in a counterbalanced order: first, in the lab, using gaze-contingent stimulus presentation (Kurzawski et al., 2023; Pelli et al., 2016); second, in the lab, using EasyEyes while independently monitoring gaze; third, online at home, using EasyEyes. We find that crowding thresholds are consistent (no significant differences in mean and variance of thresholds across ways) and individual differences are conserved. The small root mean square (RMS) fixation error (0.6 deg) during target presentation eliminates the need for gaze tracking. Thus, EasyEyes enables fixation-dependent measurements online, for easy testing of larger and more diverse populations.
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249
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Chakraborty S, Kahali B. Exome-wide analysis reveals role of LRP1 and additional novel loci in cognition. HGG ADVANCES 2023; 4:100208. [PMID: 37305557 PMCID: PMC10248556 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2023.100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive functioning is heritable, with metabolic risk factors known to accelerate age-associated cognitive decline. Identifying genetic underpinnings of cognition is thus crucial. Here, we undertake single-variant and gene-based association analyses upon 6 neurocognitive phenotypes across 6 cognition domains in whole-exome sequencing data from 157,160 individuals of the UK Biobank cohort to expound the genetic architecture of human cognition. We report 20 independent loci associated with 5 cognitive domains while controlling for APOE isoform-carrier status and metabolic risk factors; 18 of which were not previously reported, and implicated genes relating to oxidative stress, synaptic plasticity and connectivity, and neuroinflammation. A subset of significant hits for cognition indicates mediating effects via metabolic traits. Some of these variants also exhibit pleiotropic effects on metabolic traits. We further identify previously unknown interactions of APOE variants with LRP1 (rs34949484 and others, suggestively significant), AMIGO1 (rs146766120; pAla25Thr, significant), and ITPR3 (rs111522866, significant), controlling for lipid and glycemic risks. Our gene-based analysis also suggests that APOC1 and LRP1 have plausible roles along shared pathways of amyloid beta (Aβ) and lipid and/or glucose metabolism in affecting complex processing speed and visual attention. In addition, we report pairwise suggestive interactions of variants harbored in these genes with APOE affecting visual attention. Our report based on this large-scale exome-wide study highlights the effects of neuronal genes, such as LRP1, AMIGO1, and other genomic loci, thus providing further evidence of the genetic underpinnings for cognition during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Chakraborty
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
- Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Bratati Kahali
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
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250
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Pontecorvi P, Ceccarelli S, Cece F, Camero S, Lotti LV, Niccolai E, Nannini G, Gerini G, Anastasiadou E, Scialis ES, Romano E, Venneri MA, Amedei A, Angeloni A, Megiorni F, Marchese C. Assessing the Impact of Polyethylene Nano/Microplastic Exposure on Human Vaginal Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11379. [PMID: 37511139 PMCID: PMC10380279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The global rise of single-use throw-away plastic products has elicited a massive increase in the nano/microplastics (N/MPLs) exposure burden in humans. Recently, it has been demonstrated that disposable period products may release N/MPLs with usage, which represents a potential threat to women's health which has not been scientifically addressed yet. By using polyethyl ene (PE) particles (200 nm to 9 μm), we showed that acute exposure to a high concentration of N/MPLs induced cell toxicity in vaginal keratinocytes after effective cellular uptake, as viability and apoptosis data suggest, along with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. The internalised N/MPLs altered the expression of junctional and adherence proteins and the organisation of the actin cortex, influencing the level of genes involved in oxidative stress signalling pathways and that of miRNAs related to epithelial barrier function. When the exposure to PE N/MPLs was discontinued or became chronic, cells were able to recover from the negative effects on viability and differentiation/proliferation gene expression in a few days. However, in all cases, PE N/MPL exposure prompted a sustained alteration of DNA methyltransferase and DNA demethylase expression, which might impact epigenetic regulation processes, leading to accelerated cell ageing and inflammation, or the occurrence of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pontecorvi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Cece
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Camero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lavinia Vittoria Lotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Nannini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Gerini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleni Anastasiadou
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Sofia Scialis
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Enrico Romano
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mary Anna Venneri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Antonio Angeloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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