201
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Giraudi PJ, Pascut D, Banfi C, Ghilardi S, Tiribelli C, Bondesan A, Caroli D, Minocci A, Sartorio A. Serum proteome signatures associated with liver steatosis in adolescents with obesity. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02419-x. [PMID: 39017916 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02419-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Childhood obesity, a pressing global health issue, significantly increases the risk of metabolic complications, including metabolic dysfunction associated with steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Accurate non-invasive tests for early detection and screening of steatosis are crucial. In this study, we explored the serum proteome, identifying proteins as potential biomarkers for inclusion in non-invasive steatosis diagnosis tests. METHODS Fifty-nine obese adolescents underwent ultrasonography to assess steatosis. Serum samples were collected and analyzed by targeted proteomics with the Proximity Extension Assay technology. Clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated, and correlations among them, the individuated markers, and steatosis were performed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the steatosis diagnostic performance of the identified candidates, the fatty liver index (FLI), and their combination in a logistic regression model. RESULTS Significant differences were observed between subjects with and without steatosis in various clinical and biochemical parameters. Gender-related differences in the serum proteome were also noted. Five circulating proteins, including Cathepsin O (CTSO), Cadherin 2 (CDH2), and Prolyl endopeptidase (FAP), were identified as biomarkers for steatosis. CDH2, CTSO, Leukocyte Immunoglobulin Like Receptor A5 (LILRA5), BMI, waist circumference, HOMA-IR, and FLI, among others, significantly correlated with the steatosis degree. CDH2, FAP, and LDL combined in a logit model achieved a diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.91 (95% CI 0.75-0.97, 100% sensitivity, 84% specificity). CONCLUSIONS CDH2 and FAP combined with other clinical parameters, represent useful tools for accurate diagnosis of fatty liver, emphasizing the importance of integrating novel markers into diagnostic algorithms for MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Giraudi
- Metabolic Liver Disease Unit, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-ONLUS, Trieste, Italy.
| | - D Pascut
- Liver Cancer Unit, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-ONLUS, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Banfi
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - S Ghilardi
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - C Tiribelli
- Metabolic Liver Disease Unit, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-ONLUS, Trieste, Italy
- Liver Cancer Unit, Fondazione Italiana Fegato-ONLUS, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Bondesan
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - D Caroli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - A Minocci
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - A Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan, Italy
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202
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Pericàs JM, Anstee QM, Augustin S, Bataller R, Berzigotti A, Ciudin A, Francque S, Abraldes JG, Hernández-Gea V, Pons M, Reiberger T, Rowe IA, Rydqvist P, Schabel E, Tacke F, Tsochatzis EA, Genescà J. A roadmap for clinical trials in MASH-related compensated cirrhosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:10.1038/s41575-024-00955-8. [PMID: 39020089 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00955-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Although metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is rapidly becoming a leading cause of cirrhosis worldwide, therapeutic options are limited and the number of clinical trials in MASH-related compensated cirrhosis is low as compared to those conducted in earlier disease stages. Moreover, designing clinical trials in MASH cirrhosis presents a series of challenges regarding the understanding and conceptualization of the natural history, regulatory considerations, inclusion criteria, recruitment, end points and trial duration, among others. The first international workshop on the state of the art and future direction of clinical trials in MASH-related compensated cirrhosis was held in April 2023 at Vall d'Hebron University Hospital in Barcelona (Spain) and was attended by a group of international experts on clinical trials from academia, regulatory agencies and industry, encompassing expertise in MASH, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and regulatory affairs. The presented Roadmap summarizes important content of the workshop on current status, regulatory requirements and end points in MASH-related compensated cirrhosis clinical trials, exploring alternative study designs and highlighting the challenges that should be considered for upcoming studies on MASH cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Pericàs
- Liver Unit, Division of Digestive Diseases, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Quentin M Anstee
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Ramón Bataller
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annalisa Berzigotti
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreea Ciudin
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Morbid Obesity Unit Coordinator, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sven Francque
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, InflaMed Centre of Excellence, Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, Translational Sciences in Inflammation and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Juan G Abraldes
- Division of Gastroenterology (Liver Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Virginia Hernández-Gea
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Pons
- Liver Unit, Division of Digestive Diseases, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Reiberger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ian A Rowe
- Leeds Institute for Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Rydqvist
- Medical Department, Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, West Conshohocken, PA, USA
| | - Elmer Schabel
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emmanuel A Tsochatzis
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital and UCL, London, UK
| | - Joan Genescà
- Liver Unit, Division of Digestive Diseases, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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203
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Chang C, Li L, Su L, Yang F, Zha Q, Sun M, Tao L, Wang M, Song K, Jiang L, Gao H, Liang Y, Xu C, Yong C, Wang M, Huang J, Liu J, Jin W, Lv W, Dong H, Li Q, Bu F, Yan S, Qi H, Zhao S, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Shi J, Qiao Y, Xu J, Chabot B, Chen J. Intron Retention of DDX39A Driven by SNRPD2 is a Crucial Splicing Axis for Oncogenic MYC/Spliceosome Program in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403387. [PMID: 39018261 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
RNA splicing is a dynamic molecular process in response to environmental stimuli and is strictly regulated by the spliceosome. Sm proteins, constituents of the spliceosome, are key components that mediate splicing reactions; however, their potential role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly understood. In the study, SNRPD2 (PD2) is found to be the most highly upregulated Sm protein in HCC and to act as an oncogene. PD2 modulates DDX39A intron retention together with HNRNPL to sustain the DDX39A short variant (39A_S) expression. Mechanistically, 39A_S can mediate MYC mRNA nuclear export to maintain high MYC protein expression, while MYC in turn potentiates PD2 transcription. Importantly, digitoxin can directly interact with PD2 and has a notable cancer-suppressive effect on HCC. The study reveals a novel mechanism by which DDX39A senses oncogenic MYC signaling and undergoes splicing via PD2 to form a positive feedback loop in HCC, which can be targeted by digitoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunjie Chang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Lina Li
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, Medical College, Jinhua University of Vocational Technology, Jinhua, 321016, P.R. China
| | - Ling Su
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Quanxiu Zha
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Mengqing Sun
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Lin Tao
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Menglan Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Kangli Song
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Liangyu Jiang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Haojin Gao
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yexin Liang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Caiyu Yong
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Minmin Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Jiacheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Wenyuan Lv
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Heng Dong
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Fangtian Bu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Shuanghong Yan
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Haoxiang Qi
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Shujuan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yingshuang Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Junping Shi
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yiting Qiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Hepatobiliary and Liver transplantation Department of Hainan Digestive Disease Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, P. R. China
| | - Benoit Chabot
- Département de Microbiologie et d'Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Jianxiang Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal, University Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
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204
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Li Y, Wang X, Yu H, Cao J, Xie J, Zhou J, Feng Z, Chen W. YAP-LAMB3 axis dictates cellular resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 39016677 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive tumors with poor prognosis and inadequate response to treatment, such as gemcitabine (Gem), the first-line chemotherapeutic drug. Understanding the molecular determinants that control drug resistance to Gem is critical to predict potentially responsive patients and improve the benefits of Gem therapy. Emerging evidence suggests that certain developmental pathways, such as Hippo signaling, are aberrated and play important roles in Gem resistance in cancers. Although Hippo signaling has been reported to play a role in chemoresistance in cancers, it has not been clarified which specific target gene(s) functionally mediates the effect. In the present study, we found that YAP serves as a potent barrier for the cellular sensitivity of PDAC cells to Gem. We then identified and characterized laminin subunit beta 3 (LAMB3) as a bona fide target of YAP-TEAD4 to amplify YAP signaling via a feedback loop. Such a YAP-LAMB3 axis is critical to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition and mediate Gem resistance. Taken together, we uncovered that YAP-LAMB3 axis is an important regulator of Gem, thus providing potential therapeutic targets for overcoming Gem resistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yecheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Haian People's Hospital, Haian, China
| | - Hongpei Yu
- General Surgery Department, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Jinming Cao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinhong Zhou
- General Surgery Department, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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205
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Sönmez Ö, Kimyon U, Çopur M, Ataş İ, Bavunoğlu I. How do we diagnose Miyoshi Muscular Dystrophy in the absence of symptoms? Eur J Intern Med 2024:S0953-6205(24)00249-8. [PMID: 39019734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Özge Sönmez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa.
| | - Uğur Kimyon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa
| | - Mehmet Çopur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa
| | - İbrahim Ataş
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa
| | - Işıl Bavunoğlu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa
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206
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Hermanson JB, Tolba SA, Chrisler EA, Leone VA. Gut Microbes, Diet, and Genetics as Drivers of Metabolic Liver Disease: A Narrative Review Outlining Implications for Precision Medicine. J Nutr Biochem 2024:109704. [PMID: 39029595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rapidly increasing in prevalence, impacting over a third of the global population. The advanced form of MASLD, Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), is on track to become the number one indication for liver transplant. FDA-approved pharmacological agents are limited for MASH, despite over 400 ongoing clinical trials, with only a single drug (resmetirom) currently on the market. This is likely due to the heterogeneous nature of disease pathophysiology, which involves interactions between highly individualized genetic and environmental factors. To apply precision medicine approaches that overcome interpersonal variability, in-depth insights into interactions between genetics, nutrition, and the gut microbiome are needed, given that each have emerged as dynamic contributors to MASLD and MASH pathogenesis. Here, we discuss the associations and molecular underpinnings of several of these factors individually and outline their interactions in the context of both patient-based studies and preclinical animal model systems. Finally, we highlight gaps in knowledge that will require further investigation to aid in successfully implementing precision medicine to prevent and alleviate MASLD and MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake B Hermanson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Samar A Tolba
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA; Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Evan A Chrisler
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Vanessa A Leone
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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207
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Vaz J, Jepsen P, Strömberg U, Midlöv P, Eriksson B, Buchebner D, Hagström H. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease has become the most common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma in Sweden: A nationwide cohort study. Int J Cancer 2024. [PMID: 39016032 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally, and can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of cancer-related death. We aimed to determine the extent to which MASLD is an increasing cause of HCC in Sweden and to determine clinical characteristics associated with underlying MASLD. Using the Swedish quality registry for liver cancer (SweLiv), we identified all adults with a diagnosis of HCC in Sweden between 2012 and 2018. Baseline data were retrieved from SweLiv and other nationwide registers. Totally, 3494 patients with HCC were identified. Of them, 757 patients (22%) had MASLD-HCC. The proportion with MASLD-HCC increased from 19% in 2012 to 25% in 2018 (ptrend = 0.012), and MASLD was since 2017 the leading cause of HCC, surpassing hepatitis C. MASLD was the fastest growing cause of HCC with a 33% increment during the study period. Compared to other patients with HCC, those with MASLD-HCC were older (75 vs. 67 years, p < .001), less commonly had cirrhosis (61% vs. 82%, p < .001), had larger tumours (median 5.5 vs. 4.3 cm, p < .001), and more often extrahepatic metastasis (22% vs. 16%, p < .001). Patients with HCC caused by MASLD or by other causes were equally likely to be diagnosed in an early stage (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer 0-A, 27% vs. 30%, p = .129). MASLD is now the leading cause of HCC in Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Vaz
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Halland Hospital Halmstad, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Peter Jepsen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulf Strömberg
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Patrik Midlöv
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Berne Eriksson
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Buchebner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Halland Hospital Halmstad, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Hannes Hagström
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Upper GI Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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208
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Temprano A, Sanchez de Blas B, Pérez-Melero C, Espinosa-Escudero R, Briz O, Cinca-Fernando P, Llera L, Monte MJ, Bermejo-Gonzalez FA, Marin JJ, Romero MR. Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Usefulness in Liver Function Assessment of Novel Bile Acid Derivatives with Near-Infrared Fluorescence (NIRBAD). Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:971-980. [PMID: 38958375 PMCID: PMC11261600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Conventional serum markers often fail to accurately detect cholestasis accompanying many liver diseases. Although elevation in serum bile acid (BA) levels sensitively reflects impaired hepatobiliary function, other factors altering BA pool size and enterohepatic circulation can affect these levels. To develop fluorescent probes for extracorporeal noninvasive hepatobiliary function assessment by real-time monitoring methods, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions were used to conjugate near-infrared (NIR) fluorochromes with azide-functionalized BA derivatives (BAD). The resulting compounds (NIRBADs) were chromatographically (FC and PTLC) purified (>95%) and characterized by fluorimetry, 1H NMR, and HRMS using ESI ionization coupled to quadrupole TOF mass analysis. Transport studies using CHO cells stably expressing the BA carrier NTCP were performed by flow cytometry. Extracorporeal fluorescence was detected in anesthetized rats by high-resolution imaging analysis. Three NIRBADs were synthesized by conjugating alkynocyanine 718 with cholic acid (CA) at the COOH group via an ester (NIRBAD-1) or amide (NIRBAD-3) spacer, or at the 3α-position by a triazole link (NIRBAD-2). NIRBADs were efficiently taken up by cells expressing NTCP, which was inhibited by taurocholic acid (TCA). Following i.v. administration of NIRBAD-3 to rats, liver uptake and consequent release of NIR fluorescence could be extracorporeally monitored. This transient organ-specific handling contrasted with the absence of release to the intestine of alkynocyanine 718 and the lack of hepatotropism observed with other probes, such as indocyanine green. NIRBAD-3 administration did not alter serum biomarkers of hepatic and renal toxicity. NIRBADs can serve as probes to evaluate hepatobiliary function by noninvasive extracorporeal methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro
G. Temprano
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sanchez de Blas
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center
for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Concepción Pérez-Melero
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Ricardo Espinosa-Escudero
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center
for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Paula Cinca-Fernando
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Lucia Llera
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Maria J. Monte
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center
for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | | | - Jose J.G. Marin
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center
for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Marta R. Romero
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center
for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
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209
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Thuluvath AJ, Kim M, Peipert J, Duarte-Rojo A, Huang A, Siddiqui O, Nizamuddin M, Dietch Z, Levitsky J, Ladner DP. Patient-Reported Outcome Screens for Cognitive Dysfunction and Predicts Admissions in Cirrhosis. Transplant Proc 2024:S0041-1345(24)00326-9. [PMID: 39025730 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2024.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent complication of cirrhosis, leading to preventable hospitalizations and increased mortality. Despite the availability of validated neuro-psychometric tests to diagnose HE, only 10% of clinicians regularly screen for HE due to lack of time, equipment, and trained personnel. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied the association between patient-reported cognitive function and the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery (a validated measure of HE) in patients with cirrhosis. A single-center prospective study of adult patients undergoing liver transplantation evaluation was performed from 10/2020 to 12/2021. Cognition was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery and a brief Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) survey. RESULTS Twenty-three liver transplantation candidates were enrolled; the mean age was 56.4 (±9.7) years, 39% were female and the most common etiologies of cirrhosis were primary biliary cirrhosis/primary sclerosing cholangitis/overlap syndrome (30%), hepatitis C (22%) and alcohol-associated liver disease (22%). The mean MELD-Na was 14.9 (±6.4). The mean PROMIS Cognitive Function T-score (PROMISCF) was 49.2 (±9.6). The mean T-scores for the List Sort Working Memory test, Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention test, and Pattern Comparison Processing Speed test were 46.4 (±9.9), 37.8 (±6.2), and 50.22 (±16.4), respectively. PROMISCF correlated with the List Sort Working Memory test (r = 0.45, P = .03). The mean hospitalization rate was 1.6 days admitted per month. On adjusted multivariate analysis, PROMISCF predicted total hospitalization days (P < .001), hospital admissions (P = .01), and hospitalization rate (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS A brief survey can screen for HE and predict hospitalizations in patients with cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avesh J Thuluvath
- Northwestern University Transplant Outcomes Research Collaborative (NUTORC), Comprehensive Transplant Center (CTC), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Minjee Kim
- Northwestern University Transplant Outcomes Research Collaborative (NUTORC), Comprehensive Transplant Center (CTC), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John Peipert
- Northwestern University Transplant Outcomes Research Collaborative (NUTORC), Comprehensive Transplant Center (CTC), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrés Duarte-Rojo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Starzl Transplantation Institute and Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alex Huang
- Northwestern University Transplant Outcomes Research Collaborative (NUTORC), Comprehensive Transplant Center (CTC), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Osama Siddiqui
- Northwestern University Transplant Outcomes Research Collaborative (NUTORC), Comprehensive Transplant Center (CTC), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mohammad Nizamuddin
- Northwestern University Transplant Outcomes Research Collaborative (NUTORC), Comprehensive Transplant Center (CTC), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zachary Dietch
- Northwestern University Transplant Outcomes Research Collaborative (NUTORC), Comprehensive Transplant Center (CTC), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Josh Levitsky
- Northwestern University Transplant Outcomes Research Collaborative (NUTORC), Comprehensive Transplant Center (CTC), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniela P Ladner
- Northwestern University Transplant Outcomes Research Collaborative (NUTORC), Comprehensive Transplant Center (CTC), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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210
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Zhang H, You Y, Xu J, Jiang H, Jiang J, Su Z, Chao Z, Du Q, He F. New sesquiterpenes and viridin derivatives from Penicillium sp. Ameliorates NAFLD by regulating the PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107656. [PMID: 39047333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Fungi from the plant rhizosphere microbiome are considered an important source of bioactive novel natural compounds. In this study, three new sesquiterpenes, penisterpenoids A-C (1-3), and three new viridin derivatives, peniviridiols A-C (4-6), along with twenty one known compounds (7-27), were isolated from the rhizosphere fungus Penicillium sp. SMU0102 of medicinal plant Bupleurum chinense DC. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of compounds 1-6 were determined by experimental and calculated ECD spectra, DP4 + probability analysis, modified Mosher's method, and X-ray crystallography. All new compounds were screened for their cytotoxic and lipid-lowering activities in vitro. Among them, compound 1 (20 μM) remarkably alleviated lipid accumulation both in FFA-induced LO2 cells and TAA-induced zebrafish NAFLD models. Furthermore, compound 1 enhanced ATP production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, restored mitochondrial structure, and induced autophagosome formation. Moreover, compound 1 significantly upregulated the expression of representative proteins for the mitochondrial homeostasis, including OPA1, DRP1, MFF, and Fis1, as well as mitophagy representative proteins PINK1, Parkin, and P62. Further mechanistic investigations indicated that compound 1 primarily alleviated lipid accumulation through selective activation of the PINK1/Parkin mitophagy signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanting You
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jingyang Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haimei Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jinyan Jiang
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Zijie Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhi Chao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qingfeng Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Fei He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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211
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Lee H, Yang X, Jin PR, Won KJ, Kim CH, Jeong H. The Discovery of Gut Microbial Metabolites as Modulators of Host Susceptibility to Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:754-764. [PMID: 38302428 PMCID: PMC11257691 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammalian gut microbiota plays diverse and essential roles in modulating host physiology. Key mediators determining the outcome of the microbiota-host interactions are the small molecule metabolites produced by the gut microbiota. The liver is a major organ exposed to gut microbial metabolites, and it serves as the nexus for maintaining healthy interactions between the gut microbiota and the host. At the same time, the liver is the primary target of potentially harmful gut microbial metabolites. In this review, we provide an up-to-date list of gut microbial metabolites that have been identified to either increase or decrease host susceptibility to acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury. The signaling pathways and molecular factors involved in the progression of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity are well-established, and we propose that the mouse model of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity serves as a model system for uncovering gut microbial metabolites with previously unknown functions. Furthermore, we envision that gut microbial metabolites identified to alter APAP-induced hepatotoxicity likely have broader implications in other liver diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review provides an overview of the role of the gut microbiota in modulating the host susceptibility to acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury. It focuses on the roles of gut bacterial small molecule metabolites as mediators of the interaction between the gut microbiota and the liver. It also illustrates the utility of APAP-induced liver injury as a model to identify gut microbial metabolites with biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Lee
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics (H.L., X.Y., P.-R.J., K.-J.W., H.J.), Department of Pharmacy Practice (H.J.), and College of Pharmacy, and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine (H.L.), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana and Department of Pathology and Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center and Rogel Center for Cancer Research, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.)
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics (H.L., X.Y., P.-R.J., K.-J.W., H.J.), Department of Pharmacy Practice (H.J.), and College of Pharmacy, and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine (H.L.), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana and Department of Pathology and Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center and Rogel Center for Cancer Research, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.)
| | - Pei-Ru Jin
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics (H.L., X.Y., P.-R.J., K.-J.W., H.J.), Department of Pharmacy Practice (H.J.), and College of Pharmacy, and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine (H.L.), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana and Department of Pathology and Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center and Rogel Center for Cancer Research, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.)
| | - Kyoung-Jae Won
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics (H.L., X.Y., P.-R.J., K.-J.W., H.J.), Department of Pharmacy Practice (H.J.), and College of Pharmacy, and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine (H.L.), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana and Department of Pathology and Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center and Rogel Center for Cancer Research, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.)
| | - Chang H Kim
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics (H.L., X.Y., P.-R.J., K.-J.W., H.J.), Department of Pharmacy Practice (H.J.), and College of Pharmacy, and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine (H.L.), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana and Department of Pathology and Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center and Rogel Center for Cancer Research, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.)
| | - Hyunyoung Jeong
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics (H.L., X.Y., P.-R.J., K.-J.W., H.J.), Department of Pharmacy Practice (H.J.), and College of Pharmacy, and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine (H.L.), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana and Department of Pathology and Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center and Rogel Center for Cancer Research, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (C.H.K.)
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212
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Laddha AP, Wu H, Manautou JE. Deciphering Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity: The Crucial Role of Transcription Factors like Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 as Genetic Determinants of Susceptibility to Drug-Induced Liver Injury. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:740-753. [PMID: 38857948 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.124.001282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is the most commonly used over-the-counter medication throughout the world. At therapeutic doses, APAP has potent analgesic and antipyretic effects. The efficacy and safety of APAP are influenced by multifactorial processes dependent upon dosing, namely frequency and total dose. APAP poisoning by repeated ingestion of supratherapeutic doses, depletes glutathione stores in the liver and other organs capable of metabolic bioactivation, leading to hepatocellular death due to exhausted antioxidant defenses. Numerous genes, encompassing transcription factors and signaling pathways, have been identified as playing pivotal roles in APAP toxicity, with the liver being the primary organ studied due to its central role in APAP metabolism and injury. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its array of downstream responsive genes are crucial in counteracting APAP toxicity. NRF2, along with its negative regulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, plays a vital role in regulating intracellular redox homeostasis. This regulation is significant in modulating the oxidative stress, inflammation, and hepatocellular death induced by APAP. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the mechanisms through which NRF2 activation and signaling critically influence the threshold for developing APAP toxicity. We also describe how genetically modified rodent models for NRF2 and related genes have been pivotal in underscoring the significance of this antioxidant response pathway. While NRF2 is a primary focus, the article comprehensively explores other genetic factors involved in phase I and phase II metabolism of APAP, inflammation, oxidative stress, and related pathways that contribute to APAP toxicity, thereby providing a holistic understanding of the genetic landscape influencing susceptibility to this condition. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review summarizes the genetic elements and signaling pathways underlying APAP-induced liver toxicity, focusing on the crucial protective role of the transcription factor NRF2. This review also delves into the genetic intricacies influencing APAP safety and potential liver harm. It also emphasizes the need for deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, especially the interplay of NRF2 with other pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit P Laddha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Hangyu Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - José E Manautou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
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213
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Singh V, Pathak S, Kumar N, Jayandharan GR. Development of an Optimized Promoter System for Exosomal and Naked AAV Vector-Based Suicide Gene Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:30945-30953. [PMID: 39035883 PMCID: PMC11256310 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Suicide gene therapy is a promising strategy for the potential treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the lack of high transduction efficiency and targeted vectors in delivering the suicide genes to only the HCC cells is a major impediment. In the present study, we utilized an adeno-associated virus serotype 6 (AAV6) and its exosomal counterpart (exo-AAV) comprising of an inducible Caspase 9 (iCasp9) gene under the control of different promoter systems for targeting HCC cells. We employed a ubiquitous cytomegalovirus immediate early enhancer/chicken β actin promoter (CAG), a liver-specific promoter (LP1), and a baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5) promoter for liver and cancer cell-specific expression of iCasp9, respectively. We further evaluated these vectors in Huh7 cells for their ability to kill the target cells. BIRC5 and LP1 promoter-driven iCasp9 vectors demonstrated superior cytotoxicity when compared to CAG promoter-driven iCasp9 vectors. Further validation in a murine model of HCC demonstrated that the LP1-iCasp9 or Birc5-iCasp9-based AAV6 vectors contributed to tumor regression (∼2 fold) as effectively as the AAV6-CAG-iCasp9 vectors (∼1.9 fold). Similarly, exo-AAV6 vectors showed ∼2.1 to 2.8 fold superior in vivo tumor regression when compared to mock-treated animals. Our study has developed two novel promoters (LP1 or BIRC5) whose efficacy is comparable to a strong ubiquitous promoter in both AAV and exo-AAV systems. This expands the toolkit of AAV vectors for safe and effective treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayata Singh
- Laurus Center for Gene Therapy,
Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering and Mehta Family
Center for Engineering in Medicine and Gangwal School of Medical Sciences
and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Subhajit Pathak
- Laurus Center for Gene Therapy,
Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering and Mehta Family
Center for Engineering in Medicine and Gangwal School of Medical Sciences
and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Laurus Center for Gene Therapy,
Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering and Mehta Family
Center for Engineering in Medicine and Gangwal School of Medical Sciences
and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Giridhara R. Jayandharan
- Laurus Center for Gene Therapy,
Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering and Mehta Family
Center for Engineering in Medicine and Gangwal School of Medical Sciences
and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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214
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Argenziano ME, Kim MN, Montori M, Di Bucchianico A, Balducci D, Ahn SH, Svegliati Baroni G. Epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical aspects of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in MAFLD patients. Hepatol Int 2024:10.1007/s12072-024-10692-4. [PMID: 39012579 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is undergoing a transformative shift, with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) emerging as a dominant etiology. Diagnostic criteria for MAFLD involve hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysregulation. Globally, MAFLD prevalence stands at 38.77%, significantly linked to the escalating rates of obesity. Epidemiological data indicate a dynamic shift in the major etiologies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), transitioning from viral to metabolic liver diseases. Besides the degree of liver fibrosis, several modifiable lifestyle risk factors, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, alcohol use, smoking, and HBV, HCV infection contribute to the pathogenesis of HCC. Moreover gut microbiota and genetic variants may contribute to HCC development.The pathophysiological link between MAFLD and HCC involves metabolic dysregulation, impairing glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress. Silent presentation poses challenges in early MAFLD-HCC diagnosis. Imaging, biopsy, and AI-assisted techniques aid diagnosis, while HCC surveillance in non-cirrhotic MAFLD patients remains debated.ITA.LI.CA. group proposes a survival-based algorithm for treatment based on Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) algorithm. Liver resection, transplantation, ablation, and locoregional therapies are applied based on the disease stage. Systemic treatments is promising, with initial immunotherapy results indicating a less favorable response in MAFLD-related HCC.Adopting lifestyle interventions and chemopreventive measures with medications, including aspirin, metformin, and statins, constitute promising approaches for the primary prevention of HCC.Prognosis is influenced by multiple factors, with MAFLD-HCC associated with prolonged survival. Emerging diagnostic biomarkers and epigenomic markers, show promising results for early HCC detection in the MAFLD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eva Argenziano
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Emergency Digestive Endoscopy, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126,, Ancona, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mi Na Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Michele Montori
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Emergency Digestive Endoscopy, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126,, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Bucchianico
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Emergency Digestive Endoscopy, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126,, Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniele Balducci
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Emergency Digestive Endoscopy, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126,, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sang Hoon Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gianluca Svegliati Baroni
- Liver Disease and Transplant Unit, Obesity Center, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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215
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Gao Y, Slomnicki LP, Kilanczyk E, Forston MD, Pietrzak M, Rouchka EC, Howard RM, Whittemore SR, Hetman M. Reduced Expression of Oligodendrocyte Linage-Enriched Transcripts During the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/Integrated Stress Response. ASN Neuro 2024; 16:2371162. [PMID: 39024571 DOI: 10.1080/17590914.2024.2371162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in oligodendrocyte (OL) linage cells contributes to several CNS pathologies including traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and multiple sclerosis. Therefore, primary rat OL precursor cell (OPC) transcriptomes were analyzed using RNASeq after treatments with two ER stress-inducing drugs, thapsigargin (TG) or tunicamycin (TM). Gene ontology term (GO) enrichment showed that both drugs upregulated mRNAs associated with the general stress response. The GOs related to ER stress were only enriched for TM-upregulated mRNAs, suggesting greater ER stress selectivity of TM. Both TG and TM downregulated cell cycle/cell proliferation-associated transcripts, indicating the anti-proliferative effects of ER stress. Interestingly, many OL lineage-enriched mRNAs were downregulated, including those for transcription factors that drive OL identity such as Olig2. Moreover, ER stress-associated decreases of OL-specific gene expression were found in mature OLs from mouse models of white matter pathologies including contusive SCI, toxin-induced demyelination, and Alzheimer's disease-like neurodegeneration. Taken together, the disrupted transcriptomic fingerprint of OL lineage cells may facilitate myelin degeneration and/or dysfunction when pathological ER stress persists in OL lineage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Gao
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lukasz P Slomnicki
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ewa Kilanczyk
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Michael D Forston
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Maciej Pietrzak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric C Rouchka
- Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Russell M Howard
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Scott R Whittemore
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Anatomical Sciences & Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Michal Hetman
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Anatomical Sciences & Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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216
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Li W, Wang X, An H. Linkage of serum ITIH4 with Th2 signature cytokine, inflammation, exacerbation risk and severity in childhood asthma. Biomark Med 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39011671 DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2024.2366149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: ITIH4 has anti-inflammatory properties toward eosinophilic/neutrophilic inflammation. This study aimed to explore clinical value of ITIH4 in childhood asthma. Materials & methods: Serum ITIH4 and inflammatory cytokines were determined in 120 childhood asthma patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In the entire and acute exacerbation patients, ITIH4 positively associated with IFN-γ, but negatively related to proinflammatory cytokines. ITIH4 was lowest in patients with acute exacerbation, followed by chronic persistent, and highest in clinical remission. By receiver-operating characteristic analysis, ITIH4 potentially estimated acute exacerbation asthma risk. Moreover, ITIH4 negatively related to exacerbation severity in acute exacerbation patients. Conclusion: Serum ITIH4 negatively links with Th2 cell signature cytokine, proinflammatory cytokines, exacerbation risk and severity in childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Li
- Second Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, 054001, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Second Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, 054001, Hebei, China
| | - Hong An
- Second Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, 054001, Hebei, China
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217
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Gebauer B, Collettini F, Pfob CH, Lapa C. [Modern TARE 2023 - from palliative care to a curative treatment alternative]. Nuklearmedizin 2024. [PMID: 39013456 DOI: 10.1055/a-2353-5819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT) or transarterial radioembolisation (TARE) is an alternative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or hepatic metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC) and is now anchored in many guidelines. The article summarises the current guidelines on SIRT/TARE in HCC and mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Collettini
- Radiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charite, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Constantin Lapa
- Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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218
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Long C, Cinque F, Kablawi D, Kim DHD, Tadjo TF, Elgretli W, Ballesteros LR, Lupu A, Nudo M, Lebouché B, Kronfli N, Cox J, Costiniuk CT, De Pokomandy A, Routy JP, Klein MB, Lamonde F, Agnihotram RV, Saeed S, Sebastiani G. Material deprivation is associated with liver stiffness and liver-related outcomes in people with HIV. Liver Int 2024. [PMID: 39011563 DOI: 10.1111/liv.16022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic status (SES) is a driver of health disparities and chronic diseases. People with HIV (PWH) are at risk for chronic liver diseases. We evaluated the association between low SES and hepatic outcomes in PWH. METHODS We included PWH from a prospective cohort. SES was assessed by the Pampalon material and social deprivation index to classify the cohort into quintiles of deprivation. Multivariable linear regression was used to investigate associations of material and social deprivation with liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) as markers of hepatic fibrosis and steatosis, respectively. Incidence of outcomes was evaluated through survival analysis. RESULTS Among the 804 PWH included, 45% and 72% were living in areas of the highest material and social deprivation, respectively. Materially deprived PWH were more frequently female and of non-white ethnicity and had higher prevalence of metabolic comorbidities. After adjustments, material deprivation correlated with increased LSM (β = 1.86, 95% CI 0.53-3.17) but not with CAP (β = 6.47, 95% CI -5.55-18.49). Patients were observed for a median follow-up of 3.8 years. Incidence of liver-related events was higher in most materially deprived compared to most privileged PWH (hazard ratio 3.03, 95% CI 1.03-8.92), while there was no difference in extrahepatic outcomes or all-cause mortality. Social deprivation showed no association with either LSM or clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Living in materially deprived neighbourhoods as a proxy for lower SES, is associated with LSM and liver-related events in PWH. Future strategies should explore mechanisms underlying these relationships and whether enhanced material security improves hepatic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Long
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Felice Cinque
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dana Kablawi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dong Hyun Danny Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thierry Fotsing Tadjo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Wesal Elgretli
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luz Ramos Ballesteros
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amanda Lupu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Nudo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bertrand Lebouché
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nadine Kronfli
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joseph Cox
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cecilia T Costiniuk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandra De Pokomandy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marina B Klein
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frederic Lamonde
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ramanakumar V Agnihotram
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sahar Saeed
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giada Sebastiani
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Chai C, Tang H, Miao X, Su Y, Li L, Yu C, Yi J, Ye Z, Miao L, Zhang B, Wang Z, Luo W, Hu J, Zhang H, Zhou W, Xu H. Establishment and characterization of the PDAC-X3 cell line: a novel Chinese-origin pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line. Hum Cell 2024:10.1007/s13577-024-01100-y. [PMID: 39012569 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a novel pancreatic cancer cell line, termed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)-X3 cell line, was successfully derived from the primary tumor. Comprehensive analyses of its malignant phenotype, molecular properties, specific biomarkers, and histological features confirmed that PDAC-X3 cells serve as a valuable model for investigating the underlying mechanisms driving pancreatic carcinogenesis and advancing potential therapeutic strategies. The newly established cell line was continuously cultured for over 12 months and was stably passaged through more than 50 generations. Morphologically, PDAC-X3 cells displayed characteristics typical of epithelial tumors. The population doubling time for PDAC-X3 cells was determined to be 50 h. Karyotype analysis revealed that 75% of PDAC-X3 cells presented as hypotriploid, while 25% were sub-tetraploid, with representative karyotypes being 53 and XY der (1) inv (9) der (22). In suspension culture, PDAC-X3 cells efficiently formed organoids. Upon inoculation into BALB/C nude mice, these cells initiated the development of xenograft tumors, achieving a tumor formation rate of 33%. Morphologically, these xenografted tumors closely resembled the primary tumor. Drug sensitivity assays indicated that PDAC-X3 cells exhibited resistance to oxaliplatin but demonstrated sensitivity to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), gemcitabine, and paclitaxel. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CK7, CK19, E-cadherin, Vimentin, CA19-9 were positively expressed in PDAC-X3 cells. Meanwhile, the expression rate for Ki-67 was 30%, and that for CEA was not detected. Our findings underscore that PDAC-X3 represents a novel pancreatic cancer cell line, positioning it as a valuable model for basic research and the advancement of therapeutic strategies against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changpeng Chai
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huan Tang
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xin Miao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yuanhui Su
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lu Li
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianfeng Yi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhenzhen Ye
- The First School of Clinical Medicine,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Long Miao
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Luo
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jinjing Hu
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Wence Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Hao Xu
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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220
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He J, Feng X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Ge C, Liu S, Jiang Y. Graveoline attenuates D-GalN/LPS-induced acute liver injury via inhibition of JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117163. [PMID: 39018876 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Graveoline exhibits various biological activities. However, only limited studies have focused on its hepatoprotective properties. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of graveoline, a minor 2-phenylquinolin-4-one alkaloid isolated from Ruta graveolens L., in a liver injury model in vitro and in vivo. A network pharmacology approach was used to investigate the potential signaling pathway associated with the hepatoprotective activity of graveoline. Subsequently, biological experiments were conducted to validate the findings. Topological analysis of the KEGG pathway enrichment revealed that graveoline mediates its hepatoprotective activity through genes associated with the hepatitis B viral infection pathway. Biological experiments demonstrated that graveoline effectively reduced the levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HepG2 cells. Graveoline exerted antihepatitic activity by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and elevated the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, graveoline exerted its hepatoprotective activity by inhibiting JAK1 and STAT3 phosphorylation both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, graveoline can attenuate acute liver injury by inhibiting the TNF-α inflammasome, activating IL-4 and IL-10, and suppressing the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. This study sheds light on the potential of graveoline as a promising therapeutic agent for treating liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yanyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Department of Pharmacy, Mianyang 404 Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; College of pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunan 671000, China
| | - Chengyu Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Yueping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China.
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221
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Kukla DA, Belair DG, Stresser DM. Evaluation and Optimization of a Microcavity Plate-Based Human Hepatocyte Spheroid Model for Predicting Clearance of Slowly Metabolized Drug Candidates. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:797-812. [PMID: 38777596 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.124.001653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In vitro clearance assays are routinely conducted in drug discovery to predict in vivo clearance, but low metabolic turnover compounds are often difficult to evaluate. Hepatocyte spheroids can be cultured for days, achieving higher drug turnover, but have been hindered by limitations on cell number per well. Corning Elplasia microcavity 96-well microplates enable the culture of 79 hepatocyte spheroids per well. In this study, microcavity spheroid properties (size, hepatocyte function, longevity, culturing techniques) were assessed and optimized for clearance assays, which were then compared with microsomes, hepatocyte suspensions, two-dimensional-plated hepatocytes, and macrowell spheroids cultured as one per well. Higher enzyme activity coupled with greater hepatocyte concentrations in microcavity spheroids enabled measurable turnover of all 17 test compounds, unlike the other models that exhibited less drug turnover. Microcavity spheroids also predicted intrinsic clearance (CLint) and blood clearance (CLb) within threefold for 53% [9/17; average absolute fold error (AAFE), 3.9] and 82% (14/17; AAFE, 2.6) of compounds using a linear regression correction model, respectively. An alternate method incorporating mechanistic modeling that accounts for mass transport (permeability and diffusion) within spheroids demonstrated improved predictivity for CLint (12/17; AAFE, 4.0) and CLb (14/17; AAFE, 2.1) without the need for empirical scaling factors. The estimated fraction of drug metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (fm,CYP3A4) using 3 μM itraconazole was within 25% of observed values for 6 of 8 compounds, with 5 of 8 compounds within 10%. In sum, spheroid cultures in microcavity plates permit the ability to test and predict clearance as well as fm,CYP3A4 of low metabolic turnover compounds and represent a valuable complement to conventional in vitro clearance assays. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Culturing multiple spheroids in ultralow attachment microcavities permits accurate quantitation of metabolically stable compounds in substrate depletion assays, overcoming limitations with singly cultured spheroids. In turn, this permits robust estimates of intrinsic clearance, which is improved with the consideration of mass transport within the spheroid. Incubations with 3 μM itraconazole enabled assessments of CYP3A4 involvement in hepatic clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Kukla
- Quantitative, Translational, and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois
| | - David G Belair
- Quantitative, Translational, and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois
| | - David M Stresser
- Quantitative, Translational, and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois
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222
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Lekakis V, Gkoufa A, Vlachogiannakos J, Papatheodoridis GV, Cholongitas E. Incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury in cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 5,202,232 outpatients, inpatients, and ICU-admitted patients. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39001566 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2024.2380299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a commonly seen condition in the natural course of cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pooled incidence and risk factors of AKI in different clinical stages and situations in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS Search was conducted on 13 December 2023 across MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Cochrane databases. Meta-analysis was performed using a generalized linear mixed model. RESULTS In total, 73 studies with 5,202,232 patients were finally enrolled in the meta-analysis. AKI commonly occurs among hospitalized cirrhotics experiencing any decompensation event (29%) as well as among stable outpatients (28%) throughout a 1-year follow-up period. On admission, patients with infection or sepsis/septic shock had the highest AKI rate (47%), followed by those with hepatic encephalopathy (41%). Furthermore, the severity of liver disease proved to be a substantial driver for AKI development, while patients at intensive care unit had the greatest AKI incidence (61%). CONCLUSIONS Both hospitalized patients and stable outpatients with cirrhosis exhibited an elevated susceptibility to AKI. Patients at intensive care unit and those with severe liver disease, infection, sepsis/septic shock, hepatic encephalopathy, or acute on chronic liver failure upon admission are at higher risk for AKI. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO, registered 09/12/23, CRD42023487736.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Lekakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Gkoufa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, "Laiko", General Hospital, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - John Vlachogiannakos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
| | - George V Papatheodoridis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Cholongitas
- First Department of Internal Medicine, "Laiko", General Hospital, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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223
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Kotulkar M, Paine-Cabrera D, Apte U. Role of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 Alpha in Liver Cancer. Semin Liver Dis 2024. [PMID: 38901435 DOI: 10.1055/a-2349-7236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver cancer and the incidence of HCC is on the rise. Liver cancers in general and HCC in particular do not respond to chemotherapy. Radiological ablation, surgical resection, and liver transplantation are the only medical therapies currently available. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 α (HNF4α) is an orphan nuclear receptor expressed only in hepatocytes in the liver. HNF4α is considered the master regulator of hepatic differentiation because it regulates a significant number of genes involved in various liver-specific functions. In addition to maintaining hepatic differentiation, HNF4α also acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting hepatocyte proliferation by suppressing the expression of promitogenic genes and inhibiting epithelial to mesenchymal transition in hepatocytes. Loss of HNF4α expression and function is associated with rapid progression of chronic liver diseases that ultimately lead to liver cirrhosis and HCC, including metabolism-associated steatohepatitis, alcohol-associated liver disease, and hepatitis virus infection. This review summarizes the role of HNF4α in liver cancer pathogenesis and highlights its potential as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Kotulkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Diego Paine-Cabrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Udayan Apte
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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224
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Poch T, Bahn J, Casar C, Krause J, Evangelakos I, Gilladi H, Kunzmann LK, Laschtowitz A, Iuso N, Schäfer AM, Liebig LA, Steinmann S, Sebode M, Folseraas T, Engesæter LK, Karlsen TH, Franke A, Hubner N, Schlein C, Galun E, Huber S, Lohse AW, Gagliani N, Schwinge D, Schramm C. Intergenic risk variant rs56258221 skews the fate of naive CD4 + T cells via miR4464-BACH2 interplay in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101620. [PMID: 38901430 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an immune-mediated liver disease of unknown pathogenesis, with a high risk to develop cirrhosis and malignancies. Functional dysregulation of T cells and association with genetic polymorphisms in T cell-related genes were previously reported for PSC. Here, we genotyped a representative PSC cohort for several disease-associated risk loci and identified rs56258221 (BACH2/MIR4464) to correlate with not only the peripheral blood T cell immunophenotype but also the functional capacities of naive CD4+ T (CD4+ TN) cells in people with PSC. Mechanistically, rs56258221 leads to an increased expression of miR4464, in turn causing attenuated translation of BACH2, a major gatekeeper of T cell quiescence. Thereby, the fate of CD4+ TN is skewed toward polarization into pro-inflammatory subsets. Clinically, people with PSC carrying rs56258221 show signs of accelerated disease progression. The data presented here highlight the importance of assigning functional outcomes to disease-associated genetic polymorphisms as potential drivers of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Poch
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Bahn
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Casar
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Krause
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network for Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ioannis Evangelakos
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hilla Gilladi
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Lilly K Kunzmann
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alena Laschtowitz
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicola Iuso
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Schäfer
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura A Liebig
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Silja Steinmann
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network for Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcial Sebode
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network for Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Trine Folseraas
- European Reference Network for Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Norwegian PSC Research Centre, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lise K Engesæter
- European Reference Network for Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Norwegian PSC Research Centre, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom H Karlsen
- European Reference Network for Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Norwegian PSC Research Centre, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Hubner
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Schlein
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eithan Galun
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network for Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ansgar W Lohse
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network for Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department for General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Solna, Sweden
| | - Dorothee Schwinge
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schramm
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network for Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Martin Zeitz Centre for Rare Diseases, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Ma Y, Li Z, Luo Y, Chen Y, Ma L, Liu X, Xiao J, Huang M, Li Y, Jiang H, Wang M, Wang X, Li J, Kong J, Shi P, Yu H, Jiang X, Guo Q. Biodegradable Microembolics with Nanografted Polyanions Enable High-Efficiency Drug Loading and Sustained Deep-Tumor Drug Penetration for Locoregional Chemoembolization Treatment. ACS NANO 2024; 18:18211-18229. [PMID: 38946122 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), the mainstay treatment of unresectable primary liver cancer that primarily employs nondegradable drug-loaded embolic agents to achieve synergistic vascular embolization and locoregional chemotherapy effects, suffers from an inferior drug burst behavior lacking long-term drug release controllability that severely limits the TACE efficacy. Here we developed gelatin-based drug-eluting microembolics grafted with nanosized poly(acrylic acid) serving as a biodegradable ion-exchange platform that leverages a counterion condensation effect to achieve high-efficiency electrostatic drug loading with electropositive drugs such as doxorubicin (i.e., drug loading capacity >34 mg/mL, encapsulation efficiency >98%, and loading time <10 min) and an enzymatic surface-erosion degradation pattern (∼2 months) to offer sustained locoregional pharmacokinetics with long-lasting deep-tumor retention capability for TACE treatment. The microembolics demonstrated facile microcatheter deliverability in a healthy porcine liver embolization model, superior tumor-killing capacity in a rabbit VX2 liver cancer embolization model, and stabilized extravascular drug penetration depth (>3 mm for 3 months) in a rabbit ear embolization model. Importantly, the microembolics finally exhibited vessel remodeling-induced permanent embolization with minimal inflammation responses after complete degradation. Such a biodegradable ion-exchange drug carrier provides an effective and versatile strategy for enhancing long-term therapeutic responses of various local chemotherapy treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yucheng Luo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Le Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiaoya Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jingyu Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Man Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yingnan Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Hongliang Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Meijuan Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jiangtao Li
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
| | - Hanry Yu
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 117411 Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 117593 Singapore
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 138602 Singapore
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qiongyu Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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Li J, Yang Y, Huang J, Ye D, Sun X, Mao Y, Li S. A comprehensive investigation of dietary micronutrients intakes and the risk of alcoholic liver disease. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)00393-6. [PMID: 39025330 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The investigation of dietary micronutrients intakes and the risk of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) based on observational studies was limited. OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to explore the associations of 30 dietary micronutrients intakes with the risk of ALD, interactions between dietary micronutrients and genetic variation, and mediation effects of blood and urinary biomarkers on the associations between dietary micronutrients and the risk of ALD. METHODS A case-control study was conducted within the UK Biobank cohort, with 231 incident ALD cases and 1,386 controls. Dietary data were collected using a dietary questionnaire that relied on a 24-hour dietary recall of the previous day. Logistic regression models were employed to assess the associations of dietary micronutrients intakes with the risk of ALD. We conducted stratified analyses on the associations between dietary micronutrients intakes and the risk of ALD by PNPLA3 rs738409 and tested the interactions between dietary micronutrients and genetic variation. In addition, we conducted mediation analyses to investigate the mediating effects of biomarkers on the associations between dietary micronutrients and the risk of ALD. RESULTS Our findings indicated significant inverse associations of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin equivalent, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin E, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, copper, iodine, and manganese with the risk of ALD (all false discovery rate-Ptrend < 0.050). We also found a significant interaction between PNPLA3 rs738409 and magnesium (Pinteraction= 0.028). Creatinine (enzymatic) in urine, aspartate aminotransferase, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were the top three biomarkers with the highest number of significant mediation effects on the associations between the dietary micronutrients and the risk of ALD. CONCLUSIONS Dietary intakes of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin equivalent, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin E, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, copper, iodine, and manganese were inversely associated with the risk of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yudan Yang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jiayi Huang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Ding Ye
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yingying Mao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Songtao Li
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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227
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McGill MR. The Role of Mechanistic Biomarkers in Understanding Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity in Humans. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:729-739. [PMID: 37918967 PMCID: PMC11257692 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the fundamental molecular mechanisms of acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity began in 1973 to 1974, when investigators at the US National Institutes of Health published seminal studies demonstrating conversion of APAP to a reactive metabolite that depletes glutathione and binds to proteins in the liver in mice after overdose. Since then, additional groundbreaking experiments have demonstrated critical roles for mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, nuclear DNA fragmentation, and necrotic cell death as well. Over the years, some investigators have also attempted to translate these mechanisms to humans using human specimens from APAP overdose patients. This review presents those studies and summarizes what we have learned about APAP hepatotoxicity in humans so far. Overall, the mechanisms of APAP hepatotoxicity in humans strongly resemble those discovered in experimental mouse and cultured hepatocyte models, and emerging biomarkers also suggest similarities in liver repair. The data not only validate the first mechanistic studies of APAP-induced liver injury performed 50 years ago but also demonstrate the human relevance of numerous studies conducted since then. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Human studies using novel translational, mechanistic biomarkers have confirmed that the fundamental mechanisms of acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity discovered in rodent models since 1973 are the same in humans. Importantly, these findings have guided the development and understanding of treatments such as N-acetyl-l-cysteine and 4-methylpyrazole over the years. Additional research may improve not only our understanding of APAP overdose pathophysiology in humans but also our ability to predict and treat serious liver injury in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell R McGill
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine; and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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228
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Zeng Y, Wu Z, Chen G, Liu G, Zhang B, Zhou Y, Chen M, Yao R, Shi Y. Peripheral Injection of hUC-MSCs in the Treatment of Acute Liver Failure: A Pre-Clinical Cohort Study in Rhesus Monkeys. Stem Cells Int 2024; 2024:4654912. [PMID: 39045027 PMCID: PMC11265939 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4654912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Using a toxin-induced lethal acute liver failure (ALF) monkey model, we have recently shown that early peripheral infusion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) can alleviate liver damage and improve animal survival by suppressing the activation of circulating monocytes and the subsequent cytokine storm. Here, we explored whether the administration of hUC-MSCs could still improve ALF when the cytokine storm is fully developed. Method We treated ALF monkeys with peripheral delivery of hUC-MSCs at 48 hr after toxin challenge. Liver indices, histology, imaging, and animal survival were recorded and analyzed. Results In our cohort study, we conducted and demonstrated that the infusion of hUC-MSCs significantly improved liver histology, effectively controlled inflammatory cytokine storms, and increased survival rates. Additionally, the administration of a higher dose of hUC-MSCs (2 × 107/monkey) yielded superior outcomes compared to a lower dose (1 × 107/monkey). Conclusion Treatment of hUC-MSCs can significantly improve the pathological and survival outcomes of ALF even when the cytokine storm has been fully developed, indicating a promising clinical solution for ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zeng
- Liver Transplant CenterTransplant Center and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and ImmunologyNHCWest China HospitalSichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of clinical PathologyWest China HospitalSichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenru Wu
- Liver Transplant CenterTransplant Center and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and ImmunologyNHCWest China HospitalSichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of clinical PathologyWest China HospitalSichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gen Chen
- Development and Application of Human Major Disease Monkey Model Key Laboratory of SichuanSichuan Yibin Horizontal and Vertical Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yibin 644601, China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Development and Application of Human Major Disease Monkey Model Key Laboratory of SichuanSichuan Yibin Horizontal and Vertical Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yibin 644601, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Sichuan Stem Cell Bank and Sichuan Neo-Life Stem Cell Biotech Inc., Chengdu 610037, China
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- Laboratory of Liver TransplantationWest China HospitalSichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Menglin Chen
- Liver Transplant CenterTransplant Center and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and ImmunologyNHCWest China HospitalSichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of clinical PathologyWest China HospitalSichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Yao
- Department of Emergency MedicineEmergency Medical LaboratoryWest China HospitalSichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yujun Shi
- Liver Transplant CenterTransplant Center and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and ImmunologyNHCWest China HospitalSichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of clinical PathologyWest China HospitalSichuan University, Chengdu, China
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229
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Qiang E, Xu H. PGE 2 synthesis and signaling in the liver physiology and pathophysiology: An update. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 174:106875. [PMID: 39019102 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The liver plays a central role in systemic metabolism and drug degradation. However, it is highly susceptible to damage due to various factors, including metabolic imbalances, excessive alcohol consumption, viral infections, and drug influences. These factors often result in conditions such as fatty liver, hepatitis, and acute or chronic liver injury. Failure to address these injuries could promptly lead to the development of liver cirrhosis and potentially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a metabolite of arachidonic acid that belongs to the class of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and is synthesized via the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. By binding to its G protein coupled receptors (i.e., EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4), PGE2 has a wide range of physiological and pathophysiology effects, including pain, inflammation, fever, cardiovascular homeostasis, etc. Recently, emerging studies showed that PGE2 plays an indispensable role in liver health and disease. This review focus on the research progress of the role of PGE2 synthase and its receptors in liver physiological and pathophysiological processes and discuss the possibility of developing liver protective drugs targeting the COXs/PGESs/PGE2/EPs axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erjiao Qiang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Jaeschke H, Ramachandran A. Central Mechanisms of Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity: Mitochondrial Dysfunction by Protein Adducts and Oxidant Stress. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:712-721. [PMID: 37567742 PMCID: PMC11257690 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is an analgesic and antipyretic drug used worldwide, which is safe at therapeutic doses. However, an overdose can induce liver injury and even liver failure. Mechanistic studies in mice beginning with the seminal papers published by B.B. Brodie's group in the 1970s have resulted in important insight into the pathophysiology. Although the metabolic activation of APAP with generation of a reactive metabolite, glutathione depletion, and protein adduct formation are critical initiating events, more recently, mitochondria have come into focus as an important target and decision point of cell death. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the induction of mitochondrial superoxide and peroxynitrite formation and its propagation through a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening caused by iron-catalyzed protein nitration, and the mitochondria-dependent nuclear DNA fragmentation. In addition, the role of adaptive mechanisms that can modulate the pathophysiology, including autophagy, mitophagy, nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 activation, and mitochondrial biogenesis, are discussed. Importantly, it is outlined how the mechanisms elucidated in mice translate to human hepatocytes and APAP overdose patients, and how this mechanistic insight explains the mechanism of action of the clinically approved antidote N-acetylcysteine and led to the recent discovery of a novel compound, fomepizole, which is currently under clinical development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury is the most frequent cause of acute liver failure in western countries. Extensive mechanistic research over the last several decades has revealed a central role of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of APAP hepatotoxicity. This review article provides a comprehensive discussion of a) mitochondrial protein adducts and oxidative/nitrosative stress, b) mitochondria-regulated nuclear DNA fragmentation, c) adaptive mechanisms to APAP-induced cellular stress, d) translation of cell death mechanisms to overdose patients, and e) mechanism-based antidotes against APAP-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Anup Ramachandran
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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231
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Zhou P, Liu W, Ma J. Roles of Menin in T cell differentiation and function: Current knowledge and perspectives. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 39011567 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The commitment to specific T lymphocytes (T cell) lineages is governed by distinct transcription factors, whose expression is modulated through epigenetic mechanisms. Unravelling these epigenetic mechanisms that regulate T cell differentiation and function holds significant importance for understanding T cells. Menin, a multifunctional scaffolding protein, is implicated in various cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, cell cycle control, DNA repair and transcriptional regulation, primarily through epigenetic mechanisms. Existing research indicates Menin's impact on T cell differentiation and function, while a comprehensive and systematic review is currently lacking to consolidate these findings. In the current review, we have highlighted recent studies on the role of Menin in T cell differentiation and function, focusing mainly on its impact on the memory Th2 maintenance, Th17 differentiation and maintenance, CD4+ T cell senescence, and effector CD8+ T cell survival. Considering Menin's crucial function in maintaining effector T cell function, the potential of inhibiting Menin activity in mitigating inflammatory diseases associated with excessive T cell activation has also been emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weiru Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of Immunology, Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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232
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Minisy FM, Shawki HH, Fujita T, Moustafa AM, Sener R, Nishio Y, Shimada IS, Saitoh S, Sugiura-Ogasawara M, Oishi H. Transcription Factor 23 is an Essential Determinant of Murine Term Parturition. Mol Cell Biol 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39014976 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2024.2376146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy involving intricate tissue transformations governed by the progesterone hormone (P4). P4 signaling via P4 receptors (PRs) is vital for endometrial receptivity, decidualization, myometrial quiescence, and labor initiation. This study explored the role of TCF23 as a downstream target of PR during pregnancy. TCF23 was found to be expressed in female reproductive organs, predominantly in uterine stromal and smooth muscle cells. Tcf23 expression was high during midgestation and was specifically regulated by P4, but not estrogen. The Tcf23 knockout (KO) mouse was generated and analyzed. Female KO mice aged 4-6 months exhibited subfertility, reduced litter size, and defective parturition. Uterine histology revealed disrupted myometrial structure, altered collagen organization, and disarrayed smooth muscle sheets at the conceptus sites of KO mice. RNA-Seq analysis of KO myometrium revealed dysregulation of genes associated with cell adhesion and extracellular matrix organization. TCF23 potentially modulates TCF12 activity to mediate cell-cell adhesion and matrix modulation in smooth muscle cells. Overall, TCF23 deficiency leads to impaired myometrial remodeling, causing parturition delay and fetal demise. This study sheds light on the critical role of TCF23 as a dowstream mediator of PR in uterine remodeling, reflecting the importance of cell-cell communication and matrix dynamics in myometrial activation and parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M Minisy
- Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hossam H Shawki
- Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Animal Genetic Resources, National Gene Bank of Egypt, ARC, Giza, Egypt
| | - Tsubasa Fujita
- Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ahmed M Moustafa
- Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rumeysa Sener
- Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Youske Nishio
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Issei S Shimada
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mayumi Sugiura-Ogasawara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisashi Oishi
- Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Huang T, Zhang C, Shang Z, Shuai Q, Nie L, Ren J, Hou S, Xie J. Bone mesenchymal stem cells improve cholestatic liver fibrosis by targeting ULK1 to regulate autophagy through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:648-660. [PMID: 38736295 PMCID: PMC11227972 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholestatic liver disease (CLD) is a severe disease, which can progress to liver cirrhosis, even liver cancer. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation plays a crucial role in CLD development. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) treatment was demonstrated to be beneficial in liver diseases. However, the therapeutic effect and mechanism of BMSCs on CLD are poorly known. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of BMSCs transplantation in mouse models of bile duct ligation-induced cholestatic liver fibrosis (CLF). The results revealed that BMSCs significantly improved liver function and reduced the formation of fibrosis after portal vein transplantation. Mechanistically, after coculturing BMSCs and HSCs, we identified that BMSCs alleviated starvation-induced HSCs activation. Further, BMSCs inhibited HSCs activation by decreasing autophagy, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was involved in the regulation. More importantly, ULK1 is identified as the main autophagy-related gene regulated by BMSCs in HSCs autophagy. Overexpression of ULK1 reversed the suppression of HSCs autophagy by BMSCs. Collectively, our results provide a theoretical basis for BMSCs targeting ULK1 to attenuate HSCs autophagy and activation and suggest that BMSCs or ULK1 may be an alternative therapeutic approach/target for the treatment of CLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
| | - Ziyi Shang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
| | - Qizhi Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
| | - Lina Nie
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
| | - Junjie Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
| | - Shulin Hou
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi, China
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Kim J, Kim YT, Lee JG, Han DH, Joo DJ, Kim DY, Seong J. Liver-Directed Combined Radiation Therapy for Downstaging Beyond-Milan Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Liver Transplantation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 119:1171-1178. [PMID: 38364951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.01.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Curative surgery involving either resection or liver transplantation (LT) is indicated only for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Over the years, numerous efforts have been made to downstage advanced HCC to curative surgery using various locoregional therapies. In this study, we investigated the role of liver-directed combined radiation therapy (LD-CRT) as a downstaging strategy for converting beyond-Milan advanced HCC to LT. METHODS AND MATERIALS From January 2009 to February 2022, 53 patients with HCC who were initially beyond-Milan criteria were treated with LD-CRT and subsequent LT. These patients were compared with those who underwent upfront LT for within-Milan HCCs. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and the secondary endpoint recurrence-free survival (RFS). RESULTS After LD-CRT, substantial downstaging was achieved in 35 patients (66%) who were initially beyond-Milan to within-Milan. At a median follow-up period of 47.6 months (range, 6.9-151.7 months), 5-year OS and 2-year RFS of the patients who received downstaging LD-CRT followed by LT were 66.9% and 63.2%, respectively. Patients who were successfully downstaged to within-Milan after LD-CRT had improved 5-year OS compared with their counterparts (81.9% vs 74.3%, P = .219). Recurrence after transplantation was observed in 18 patients (4 intrahepatic recurrences and 14 extrahepatic metastases). CONCLUSIONS LD-CRT achieved favorable oncological outcomes as a downstaging strategy for LT in patients with beyond-Milan HCC. The findings of this study suggest that the active adoption of LD-CRT needs full consideration for patients with beyond-Milan HCC, presenting the possibility of curing patients with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Geun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dai Hoon Han
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Jin Joo
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Young Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinsil Seong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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235
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Hayasaka K. Pathogenesis and Management of Citrin Deficiency. Intern Med 2024; 63:1977-1986. [PMID: 37952953 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2595-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrin deficiency (CD) is a hereditary disorder caused by SLC25A13 mutations that manifests as neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by CD (NICCD), failure to thrive and dyslipidemia caused by CD (FTTDCD), and adult-onset type 2 citrullinemia (CTLN2). Citrin, an aspartate-glutamate carrier primarily expressed in the liver, is a component of the malate-aspartate shuttle, which is essential for glycolysis. Citrin-deficient hepatocytes have primary defects in glycolysis and de novo lipogenesis and exhibit secondarily downregulated PPARα, leading to impaired β-oxidation. They are unable to utilize glucose and free fatty acids as energy sources, resulting in energy deficiencies. Medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) supplements are effective for treating CD by providing energy to hepatocytes, increasing lipogenesis, and activating the malate-citrate shuttle. However, patients with CD often exhibit growth impairment and irreversible brain and/or liver damage. To improve the quality of life and prevent irreversible damage, MCT supplementation with a diet containing minimal carbohydrates is recommended promptly after the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Hayasaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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236
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Liu L, Li YN, Zhang A, Yin Y, Yue Z, Pei L, Xia CS, Wang D, Jia M, Wang H, Cao LL. Clinical potential of serum prostaglandin A2 as a novel diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 561:119814. [PMID: 38879063 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is one of the most harmful tumors to human health. Currently, there is still a lack of highly sensitive and specific HCC biomarkers in clinical practice. In this study, we aimed to explore the diagnostic performance of prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) for the early detection of HCC. METHODS Untargeted metabolomic analyses on normal control (NC) and HCC participants in the discovery cohort were performed, and PGA2 was identified to be dysregulated in HCC. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for detecting serum PGA2 was established and applied to validate the dysregulation of PGA2 in another independent validation cohort. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), decision curve analysis (DCA) and some other statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of PGA2 for HCC. RESULTS At first, PGA2 was found to be dysregulated in HCC in untargeted metabolomic analyses. Then a precise quantitative LC-MS/MS method for PGA2 has been established and has passed rigorous method validation. Targeted PGA2 analyses confirmed that serum PGA2 was decreased in HCC compared to normal-risk NC and high-risk cirrhosis group. Subsequently, PGA2 was identified as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of HCC, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.911 for differentiating HCC from the combined NC + cirrhosis groups. In addition, PGA2 exhibited high performance for differentiating small-size (AUC = 0.924), early-stage (AUC = 0.917) and AFP (-) HCC (AUC = 0.909) from the control groups. The combination of PGA2 and AFP might be useful in the surveillance of risk population for HCC and early diagnosis of HCC. CONCLUSION This study establishes that PGA2 might be a novel diagnostic biomarker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, Jilin 132011, China
| | - Yi-Ning Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Zhihong Yue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Lin Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Chang-Sheng Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Dong Wang
- SCIEX Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Mei Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Lin-Lin Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
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Kumari N, Vaishnav MS, Srikanta S, Krishnaswamy PR, Bhat N. Exploring glycated sites in human serum albumin: impact of sample processing techniques on detection and analysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024. [PMID: 39007648 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00503a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Glycation and the subsequent formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) disrupt and impair the physiological functions of proteins. This study presents a comprehensive glycation site mapping of human serum albumin (HSA) utilizing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Both in vitro glycation experiments and patient samples were investigated, exploring various enzymes, processing techniques, and their impacts on glycation site detection. A pilot study was conducted, analyzing sixteen serum samples, which spanned from healthy individuals to severe diabetic patients (with HbA1c values ranging from 5.7% to 18.1%). The aim was to comprehend the progression of glycation on various sites of HSA with increasing levels of glycation. Their glycated albumin levels (GA) spanned from 19.7% to 62.3%. Trypsin-mediated proteolytic digestion unveiled 12 glycation sites through direct in-solution digestion of whole serum. However, isolating albumin from serum enabled the identification of a higher number of glycation sites in each sample compared to direct serum digestion. Boronate affinity chromatography facilitated the segregation of less glycated albumin (LGA) from the more glycated albumin (MGA) fraction. Subsequent proteolytic digestion of both LGA and MGA samples revealed similar glycation sites. The MGA fraction exhibited a greater number of identified glycation sites, thereby elucidating which sites are particularly prone to glycation in highly glycated albumin samples. Changes in relative glycation levels were noted in the tryptic digests of albumin samples following the sample enrichment steps, as opposed to direct in-solution digestion of whole serum. Two enzymes, trypsin and Glu-C, were evaluated for efficacy in sequence coverage and glycation site analysis of HSA, with trypsin demonstrating superior efficiency over Glu-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Kumari
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India.
| | - Madhumati S Vaishnav
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India.
- Samatvam Endocrinology Diabetes Center, Jnana Sanjeevini Diabetes Hospital and Medical Center, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sathyanarayana Srikanta
- Samatvam Endocrinology Diabetes Center, Jnana Sanjeevini Diabetes Hospital and Medical Center, Bengaluru, India
| | - P R Krishnaswamy
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India.
| | - Navakanta Bhat
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India.
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Chu CS, Chen HP, Lin PH, Cheng CC, Kuo HY, Fan PH, Peng WH, Wu LL. Interleukin-1 receptor 1 deficiency worsens hepatocellular carcinoma, while gemcitabine treatment alleviates the hepatocellular carcinoma-induced increase in intra-hepatic immune cells. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 39005010 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Primary liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), represents a substantial global health challenge. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective in HCC treatment, several patients still experience disease progression. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) regulates immunity and inflammation. We investigate the role of IL-1 in HCC development and progression and determine the potential therapeutic impact of gemcitabine in treating HCC. METHODS Hydrodynamics-based transfection, employing the sleeping beauty transposase system, delivered surrogate tumor antigens, NRAS (NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase), ShP53, and SB100 to C57BL/6 mice. A basic HCC mouse model was established. Pathogen-free animals were tested for serum and hepatotoxicity. The HCC prognosis was monitored using alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels. Liver histology immunohistochemistry and mouse splenocyte/intra-hepatic immune cell flow cytometry were conducted. IL-1β levels in human and mouse serum were assessed. RESULTS Interleukin-1β levels were elevated in patients with HCC compared with those in non-HCC controls. Hepatic IL-1β levels were higher in HCC mouse models than those in non-HCC mice, suggesting localized hepatic inflammation. IL-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1) knockout (IL-1R1-/-) mice exhibited less severe HCC progression than that in wild-type mice, despite the high intra-hepatic IL-1β concentration. IL-1R1-/- mice exhibited increased hepatic levels of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells, which may exacerbate HCC. Gemcitabine significantly reduced the HCC tumor burden, improved liver conditions, and increased survival rates in HCC mouse models. Gemcitabine reduced the hepatic levels of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells, potentially alleviating immune suppression in the liver. CONCLUSIONS Targeting IL-1 or combining gemcitabine with immunotherapy is a promising approach for treating advanced-stage HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Sheng Chu
- Ph.D. Program of Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ever Health Clinic, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ping Chen
- Health Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Microbiota Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hung Lin
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Cheng
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Yu Kuo
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Han Fan
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hao Peng
- School of Medicine, Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Health Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Microbiota Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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239
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Abdulaal WH, Omar UM, Zeyadi M, El-Agamy DS, Alhakamy NA, Ibrahim SRM, Almalki NAR, Asfour HZ, Al-Rabia MW, Mohamed GA, Elshal M. Pirfenidone ameliorates ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury via modulation of FXR, NF-кB/TNF-α, and Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 490:117038. [PMID: 39019095 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Cholestasis is a hepatobiliary disorder characterized by the excessive accumulation of toxic bile acids in hepatocytes, leading to cholestatic liver injury (CLI) through multiple pathogenic inflammatory pathways. Currently, there are limited therapeutic options for the management of cholestasis and associated CLI; therefore, new options are urgently needed. Pirfenidone (PF), an oral bioavailable pyridone analog, is used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. PF has recently demonstrated diverse potential therapeutic activities against different pathologies. Accordingly, the present study adopted the α-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced CLI model in mice to explore the potential protective impact of PF and investigate the underlying mechanisms of action. PF intervention markedly reduced the serum levels of ALT, AST, LDH, total bilirubin, and total bile acids, which was accompanied by a remarkable amelioration of histopathological lesions induced by ANIT. PF also protected the mice against ANIT-induced redox imbalance in the liver, represented by reduced MDA levels and elevated GSH and SOD activities. Mechanistically, PF inhibited ANIT-induced downregulated expressions of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), as well as the bile salt export pump (BSEP) and the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) bile acid efflux channels. PF further repressed ANIT-induced NF-κB activation and TNF-α and IL-6 production. These beneficial effects were associated with its ability to dose-dependently inhibit Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin/cyclin D1 signaling. Collectively, PF protects against ANIT-induced CLI in mice, demonstrating powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities as well as an ability to oppose BA homeostasis disorder. These protective effects are primarily mediated by modulating the interplay between FXR, NF-κB/TNF-α/IL-6, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam H Abdulaal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ulfat M Omar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mustafa Zeyadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Dina S El-Agamy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Preparatory Year Program, Department of Chemistry, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif A R Almalki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hani Z Asfour
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed W Al-Rabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahmoud Elshal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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240
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Sheikhrobat SB, Mahmoudvand S, Kazemipour-Khabbazi S, Ramezannia Z, Baghi HB, Shokri S. Understanding lactate in the development of Hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Infect Agent Cancer 2024; 19:31. [PMID: 39010155 PMCID: PMC11247867 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-024-00593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic virus that can establish a persistent and chronic infection in humans. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is associated with an increased risk of hepatic decompensation, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lactate level, as the end product of glycolysis, plays a substantial role in metabolism beyond energy production. Emerging studies indicate that lactate is linked to patient mortality rates, and HBV increases overall glucose consumption and lactate production in hepatocytes. Excessive lactate plays a role in regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME), immune cell function, autophagy, and epigenetic reprogramming. The purpose of this review is to gather and summarize the existing knowledge of the lactate's functions in the dysregulation of the immune system, which can play a crucial role in the development of HBV-related HCC. Therefore, it is reasonable to hypothesize that lactate with intriguing functions can be considered an immunomodulatory metabolite in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Behzadi Sheikhrobat
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahab Mahmoudvand
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Salva Kazemipour-Khabbazi
- Department of English Language and Persian Literature, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Ramezannia
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Shokri
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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241
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Luo S, Luo R, Deng G, Huang F, Lei Z. Programmed cell death, from liver Ischemia-Reperfusion injury perspective: An overview. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32480. [PMID: 39040334 PMCID: PMC11260932 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) commonly occurs in liver resection, liver transplantation, shock, and other hemorrhagic conditions, resulting in profound local and systemic effects via associated inflammatory responses and hepatic cell death. Hepatocyte death is a significant component of LIRI and its mechanism was previously thought to be limited to apoptosis and necrosis. With the discovery of novel types of programmed cell death (PCD), necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, NETosis, and parthanatos have been shown to be involved in LIRI. Understanding the mechanisms underlying cell death following LIRI is indispensable to mitigating the widespread effects of LIRI. Here, we review the roles of different PCD and discuss potential therapy in LIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobin Luo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha , PR China
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Rongkun Luo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha , PR China
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha , PR China
| | - Feizhou Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha , PR China
| | - Zhao Lei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha , PR China
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242
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Wen B, Li E, Wang G, Kalin TR, Gao D, Lu P, Kalin TV, Kalinichenko VV. CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing Allows Generation of the Mouse Lung in a Rat. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 210:167-177. [PMID: 38507610 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202306-0964oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Recent efforts in bioengineering and embryonic stem cell (ESC) technology allowed the generation of ESC-derived mouse lung tissues in transgenic mice that were missing critical morphogenetic genes. Epithelial cell lineages were efficiently generated from ESC, but other cell types were mosaic. A complete contribution of donor ESCs to lung tissue has never been achieved. The mouse lung has never been generated in a rat. Objective: We sought to generate the mouse lung in a rat. Methods: Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 genome editing was used to disrupt the Nkx2-1 gene in rat one-cell zygotes. Interspecies mouse-rat chimeras were produced by injection of wild-type mouse ESCs into Nkx2-1-deficient rat embryos with lung agenesis. The contribution of mouse ESCs to the lung tissue was examined by immunostaining, flow cytometry, and single-cell RNA sequencing. Measurements and Main Results: Peripheral pulmonary and thyroid tissues were absent in rat embryos after CRISPR-Cas9-mediated disruption of the Nkx2-1 gene. Complementation of rat Nkx2-1-/- blastocysts with mouse ESCs restored pulmonary and thyroid structures in mouse-rat chimeras, leading to a near-99% contribution of ESCs to all respiratory cell lineages. Epithelial, endothelial, hematopoietic, and stromal cells in ESC-derived lungs were highly differentiated and exhibited lineage-specific gene signatures similar to those of respiratory cells from the normal mouse lung. Analysis of receptor-ligand interactions revealed normal signaling networks between mouse ESC-derived respiratory cells differentiated in a rat. Conclusions: A combination of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and blastocyst complementation was used to produce mouse lungs in rats, making an important step toward future generations of human lungs using large animals as "bioreactors."
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqiang Wen
- Phoenix Children's Research Institute, Department of Child Health, College of Medicine Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Enhong Li
- Phoenix Children's Research Institute, Department of Child Health, College of Medicine Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | - Timothy R Kalin
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Dengfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; and
| | - Peixin Lu
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tanya V Kalin
- Phoenix Children's Research Institute, Department of Child Health, College of Medicine Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona
- Division of Pulmonary Biology and
| | - Vladimir V Kalinichenko
- Phoenix Children's Research Institute, Department of Child Health, College of Medicine Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona
- Division of Neonatology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
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243
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Lan S, Zhong G. Identification of a novel survival and immune microenvironment related ceRNA regulatory network for hepatocellular carcinoma based on circHECTD1. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33763. [PMID: 39040406 PMCID: PMC11261882 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background CircHECTD1 (circ_0031450) is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and may act as an oncogene. Its specific competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism remains to be further elucidated. Methods Several databases and online platforms, including pathway activity, immune checkpoint, and overall survival analyses, were used to predict targets, download datasets, and perform online analyses. The R software was used for differential gene expression analysis, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), clinical relevance, receiver operator characteristic curve, and single-cell analysis. Cytoscape software was used to construct ceRNAs, protein-protein interactions (PPI), and pivotal networks. Results The ceRNA, PPI, and pivotal networks were successfully constructed. Pathway enrichment analysis was mainly related to apoptosis, cell cycle, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways. Six pivotal targets related to survival, immune infiltration, immune checkpoints, clinical stage, and diagnosis of patients with HCC were identified. The recovery function and pathway enrichment results were consistent with previous results. Single-cell analysis suggested that the pivotal targets were highly expressed in T cells. Conclusion We successfully constructed a prognosis and immune microenvironment-related ceRNA network based on circHECTD1, providing new insights for diagnosing and treating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqing Lan
- Department of Pain Management, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhong
- The Graduate School, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, China
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Ma AT, Allegretti AS, Cullaro G, Ouyang T, Asrani SK, Chung RT, Przybyszewski EM, Wilechansky RM, Robinson JE, Sharma P, Simonetto DA, Jalal P, Orman ES, Wadei HM, St Hillien SA, Saly D, Ufere NN, Dageforde LA, Regner KR, Belcher JM, Patidar KR. Outcomes of patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis and acute kidney injury - Results from the HRS Harmony Consortium. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024. [PMID: 39010302 DOI: 10.1111/apt.18159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the setting of alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) portends a poor prognosis. Whether the presence of AH itself drives worse outcomes in patients with cirrhosis and AKI is unknown. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of 11 hospital networks of consecutive adult patients admitted in 2019 with cirrhosis and AKI. AKI phenotypes, clinical course, and outcomes were compared between AH and non-AH groups. RESULTS A total of 2062 patients were included, of which 303 (15%) had AH, as defined by National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) criteria. Patients with AH, compared to those without, were younger and had higher Model for End-stage Liver Disease-Sodium (MELD-Na) scores on admission. AKI phenotypes significantly differed between groups (p < 0.001) with acute tubular necrosis occurring more frequently in patients with AH. Patients with AH reached more severe peak AKI stage, required more renal replacement therapy, and had higher 90-day cumulative incidence of death (45% [95% CI: 39%-51%] vs. 38% [95% CI: 35%-40%], p = 0.026). Using no AH as reference, the unadjusted sHR for 90-day mortality was higher for AH (sHR: 1.24 [95% CI: 1.03-1.50], p = 0.024), but was not significant when adjusting for MELD-Na, age and sex. However, in patients with hepatorenal syndrome, AH was an independent predictor of 90-day mortality (sHR: 1.82 [95% CI: 1.16-2.86], p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and AKI presenting with AH had higher 90-day mortality than those without AH, but this may have been driven by higher MELD-Na rather than AH itself. However, in patients with hepatorenal syndrome, AH was an independent predictor of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann T Ma
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew S Allegretti
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giuseppe Cullaro
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tianqui Ouyang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Raymond T Chung
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric M Przybyszewski
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert M Wilechansky
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jevon E Robinson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pratima Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Douglas A Simonetto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Transplant Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Prasun Jalal
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eric S Orman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hani M Wadei
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Shelsea A St Hillien
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Danielle Saly
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nneka N Ufere
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leigh Anne Dageforde
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin R Regner
- Division of Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Justin M Belcher
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- CT and VA Connecticut Healthcare, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kavish R Patidar
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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245
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Jeong JS, Kang TH, Ju H, Cho CH. Novel approach exploring the correlation between presepsin and routine laboratory parameters using explainable artificial intelligence. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33826. [PMID: 39027625 PMCID: PMC11255511 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Although presepsin, a crucial biomarker for the diagnosis and management of sepsis, has gained prominence in contemporary medical research, its relationship with routine laboratory parameters, including demographic data and hospital blood test data, remains underexplored. This study integrates machine learning with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to provide insights into the relationship between presepsin and these parameters. Advanced machine learning classifiers provide a multilateral view of data and play an important role in highlighting the interrelationships between presepsin and other parameters. XAI enhances analysis by ensuring transparency in the model's decisions, especially in selecting key parameters that significantly enhance classification accuracy. Utilizing XAI, this study successfully identified critical parameters that increased the predictive accuracy for sepsis patients, achieving a remarkable ROC AUC of 0.97 and an accuracy of 0.94. This breakthrough is possibly attributed to the comprehensive utilization of XAI in refining parameter selection, thus leading to these significant predictive metrics. The presence of missing data in datasets is another concern; this study addresses it by employing Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) to manage missing data, effectively mitigating potential biases while preserving both the accuracy and relevance of the results. The perspective of examining data from higher dimensions using machine learning transcends traditional observation and analysis. The findings of this study hold the potential to enhance patient diagnoses and treatment, underscoring the value of merging traditional research methods with advanced analytical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Seung Jeong
- Division of Artificial Intelligence Convergence Engineering, Sahmyook University, South Korea
| | - Tak Ho Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, South Korea
| | - Hyunsu Ju
- Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, South Korea
| | - Chi-Hyun Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, South Korea
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246
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Cheng Z, Li S, Yang S, Long H, Wu H, Chen X, Cheng X, Wang T. Endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating immunity: a study based on artificial neural networks and single-cell sequencing. J Transl Med 2024; 22:658. [PMID: 39010084 PMCID: PMC11247783 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by the complex pathogenesis, limited therapeutic methods, and poor prognosis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays an important role in the development of HCC, therefore, we still need further study of molecular mechanism of HCC and ERS for early diagnosis and promising treatment targets. METHOD The GEO datasets (GSE25097, GSE62232, and GSE65372) were integrated to identify differentially expressed genes related to HCC (ERSRGs). Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) machine learning techniques were applied to screen ERSRGs associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress, and an artificial neural network (ANN) diagnostic prediction model was constructed. The ESTIMATE algorithm was utilized to analyze the correlation between ERSRGs and the immune microenvironment. The potential therapeutic agents for ERSRGs were explored using the Drug Signature Database (DSigDB). The immunological landscape of the ERSRGs central gene PPP1R16A was assessed through single-cell sequencing and cell communication, and its biological function was validated using cytological experiments. RESULTS An ANN related to the ERS model was constructed based on SRPX, THBS4, CTH, PPP1R16A, CLGN, and THBS1. The area under the curve (AUC) of the model in the training set was 0.979, and the AUC values in three validation sets were 0.958, 0.936, and 0.970, respectively, indicating high reliability and effectiveness. Spearman correlation analysis suggests that the expression levels of ERSRGs are significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune-related pathways, indicating their potential as important targets for immunotherapy. Mometasone was predicted to be the most promising treatment drug based on its highest binding score. Among the six ERSRGs, PPP1R16A had the highest mutation rate, predominantly copy number mutations, which may be the core gene of the ERSRGs model. Single-cell analysis and cell communication indicated that PPP1R16A is predominantly distributed in liver malignant parenchymal cells and may reshape the tumor microenvironment by enhancing macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)/CD74 + CXCR4 signaling pathways. Functional experiments revealed that after siRNA knockdown, the expression of PPP1R16A was downregulated, which inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of HCCLM3 and Hep3B cells in vitro. CONCLUSION The consensus of various machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence neural networks has established a novel predictive model for the diagnosis of liver cancer associated with ERS. This study offers a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorui Cheng
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shuangmei Li
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shujun Yang
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Huibao Long
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Haidong Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xuxiang Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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247
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Mauss S, Stapleton JT, Thomas DL. Steatotic liver disease progression in persons with HIV: weighting for answers. AIDS 2024; 38:1432-1434. [PMID: 38932746 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mauss
- Center for HIV and Hepatogastroenterology, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jack T Stapleton
- The Iowa City Veterans Healthcare System and the University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - David L Thomas
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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248
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Bian S, Ni W, Zhou L, Tong Y, Dai C, Zhao X, Qiang Y, Gao J, Xiao Y, Liu W, Chen C, Lin S, Gong J, Zhao S, Chen Y, Lin Z, Liu D, Zhao H, Zheng W. Ubiquitin-specific protease 1 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating mitochondrial fission and metabolic reprogramming via cyclin-dependent kinase 5 stabilization. Cell Death Differ 2024:10.1038/s41418-024-01342-1. [PMID: 39009653 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Although deubiquitinases (DUBs) have been well described in liver tumorigenesis, their potential roles and mechanisms have not been fully understood. In this study, we identified ubiquitin-specific protease 1 (USP1) as an oncogene with essential roles during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. USP1, with elevated expression levels and clinical significance, was identified as a hub DUB for HCC in multiple bioinformatics datasets. Functionally, USP1 overexpression significantly enhanced the malignant behaviors in HCC cell lines and spheroids in vitro, as well as the zebrafish model and the xenograft model in vivo. In contrast, genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of USP1 dramatically impaired the phenotypes of HCC cells. Specifically, ectopic USP1 enhanced aggressive properties and metabolic reprogramming of HCC cells by modulating mitochondrial dynamics. Mechanistically, USP1 induced mitochondrial fission by enhancing phosphorylation of Drp1 at Ser616 via deubiquitination and stabilization of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), which could be degraded by the E3 ligase NEDD4L. The USP1/CDK5 modulatory axis was activated in HCC tissues, which was correlated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. Furthermore, Prasugrel was identified as a candidate USP1 inhibitor for targeting the phenotypes of HCC by an extensive computational study combined with experimental validations. Taken together, USP1 induced malignant phenotypes and metabolic reprogramming by modulating mitochondrial dynamics in a CDK5-mediated Drp1 phosphorylation manner, thereby deteriorating HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiyan Bian
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenkai Ni
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Linlin Zhou
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yun Tong
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chengchen Dai
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xuying Zhao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuwei Qiang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yifu Xiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Changsheng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shengli Lin
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Gong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suming Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yinqi Chen
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhaoyi Lin
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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Janko N, Majeed A, Commins I, Gow P, Kemp W, Roberts SK. Rotational thromboelastometry predicts future bleeding events in patients with cirrhosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024:1-7. [PMID: 39010734 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2375591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients with cirrhosis of the liver are in a delicate state of rebalanced haemostasis and are at risk of developing both bleeding and thrombotic complications. Conventional haemostatic tests are unable to predict bleeding and thrombosis in these patients. We aimed to explore the role of Rotational Thromboelastometry (ROTEM) in predicting bleeding and thrombotic events in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients with cirrhosis at two metropolitan hospitals. All patients underwent ROTEM analysis and were then followed to record any bleeding and thrombotic events. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore associations with bleeding and thrombotic events. RESULTS Nineteen of the 162 patients recruited experienced a bleeding event within one year of ROTEM analysis. On univariate analysis, maximum clot firmness (MCF) using both EXTEM and INTEM tests was significantly reduced in patients who had a bleeding event, compared to those who did not (50 mm vs. 57 mm, p < 0.01 and 48 mm vs. 54 mm, p < 0.01, respectively). In addition, on univariate analysis, clotting time (CT) in the INTEM test was prolonged in the bleeding group (214 s vs. 198 s, p = 0.01). On multivariate analysis, only MCFEX was a significant predictor of bleeding events. In contrast, there was no association found between ROTEM parameters and development of thrombosis within a one-year period. CONCLUSIONS ROTEM may provide a useful tool in predicting future bleeding events in patients with cirrhosis. Larger studies are required to further validate this finding and explore its application in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Janko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ammar Majeed
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Isabella Commins
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul Gow
- Victorian Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Austin Academic Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - William Kemp
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stuart K Roberts
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Tan CCS, Kelly G, Cregan J, Wilson JD, James T, Chand M, Hopkins S, Swets M, Baillie JK, Jeffery K, Walker AS, Eyre DW, Stoesser N, Matthews PC. Retrospective analysis of hospital electronic health records reveals unseen cases of acute hepatitis with unknown aetiology in adults in Oxfordshire. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1890. [PMID: 39010057 PMCID: PMC11251388 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An outbreak of acute severe hepatitis of unknown aetiology (AS-Hep-UA) in children during 2022 was subsequently linked to infections with adenovirus-associated virus 2 and other 'helper viruses', including human adenovirus. It is possible that evidence of such an outbreak could be identified at a population level based on routine data captured by electronic health records (EHR). METHODS We used anonymised EHR to collate retrospective data for all emergency presentations to Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust in the UK, between 2016-2022, for all ages from 18 months and older. We investigated clinical characteristics and temporal distribution of presentations of acute hepatitis and of adenovirus infections based on laboratory data and clinical coding. We relaxed the stringent case definition adopted during the AS-Hep-UA to identify all cases of acute hepatitis with unknown aetiology (termed AHUA). We compared events within the outbreak period (defined as 1st Oct 2021-31 Aug 2022) to the rest of our study period. RESULTS Over the study period, there were 903,433 acute presentations overall, of which 391 (0.04%) were classified as AHUA. AHUA episodes had significantly higher critical care admission rates (p < 0.0001, OR = 41.7, 95% CI:26.3-65.0) and longer inpatient admissions (p < 0.0001) compared with the rest of the patient population. During the outbreak period, significantly more adults (≥ 16 years) were diagnosed with AHUA (p < 0.0001, OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 2.20-4.12), and there were significantly more human adenovirus (HadV) infections in children (p < 0.001, OR = 1.78, 95% CI:1.27-2.47). There were also more HAdV tests performed during the outbreak (p < 0.0001, OR = 1.27, 95% CI:1.17-1.37). Among 3,707 individuals who were tested for HAdV, 179 (4.8%) were positive. However, there was no evidence of more acute hepatitis or increased severity of illness in HadV-positive compared to negative cases. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight an increase in AHUA in adults coinciding with the period of the outbreak in children, but not linked to documented HAdV infection. Tracking changes in routinely collected clinical data through EHR could be used to support outbreak surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric C S Tan
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gavin Kelly
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Jack Cregan
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joseph D Wilson
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Tim James
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Meera Chand
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Colindale, UK
| | - Susan Hopkins
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maaike Swets
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Katie Jeffery
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - David W Eyre
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicole Stoesser
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | - Philippa C Matthews
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
- University College London, London, UK.
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