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Khan MF, Alanazi RF, Baabbad AA, Almoutiri ND, Wadaan MA. Angiogenic protein profiling, phytochemical screening and in silico anti-cancer targets validation of stem, leaves, fruit, and seeds of Calotropis procera in human liver and breast cancer cell lines. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 256:119180. [PMID: 38795948 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The main focus of anticancer drug discovery is on developing medications that are gentle on normal cells and should have the ability to target multiple anti-cancer pathways. Liver cancer is becoming a worldwide epidemic due to the highest occurring and reoccurring rate in some countries. Calotropis procera is a xerophytic herbal plant growing wildly in Saudi Arabia. Due to its anti-angiogenic and anticancer capabilities, "C. procera" is a viable option for developing innovative anticancer medicines. However, no study has been done previously, to discover angiogenic and anti-cancer targets which are regulated by C. procera in liver cancer. In this study, leaves, stems, flowers, and seeds of C. procera were used to prepare crude extracts and were fractionated into four solvents of diverse polarities. These bioactivity-guided solvent fractions helped to identify useful compounds with minimal side effects. The phytoconstituents present in the leaves and stem were identified by GC-MS. In silico studies were done to predict the anti-cancer targets by major bioactive constituents present in leaves and stem extracts. A human angiogenesis antibody array was performed to profile novel angiogenic targets. The results from this study showed that C. procera extracts are an ideal anti-cancer remedy with minimum toxicity to normal cells as revealed by zebrafish in vivo toxicity screening assays. The novel antiangiogenic and anticancer targets identified in this study could be explored to design medication against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq Khan
- Bioproducts Research chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rawan Frhan Alanazi
- Bioproducts Research chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Almohannad A Baabbad
- Bioproducts Research chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nawaf D Almoutiri
- Bioproducts Research chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Ahmad Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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252
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Chen Y, Wang L, Chen N, Tang G. Metformin induces tumor immunogenic cell death in ovarian cancer by activating AMPK pathway. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102052. [PMID: 38981246 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) process may be an important antitumor strategy in ovarian cancer (OC). Metformin (Met) has been shown to have antitumor effects in OC, but whether it mediates the ICD to inhibit OC process is unclear. Human OC cell lines (SKOV3 and A2780) were treated with Met. Dendritic cell (DC) and CD8+T cells were isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of volunteers. Cell counting kit 8 assay was used to measure cell viability, and immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the percentages of membrane and intracellular calreticulin (CRT). CRT level, DC maturation and effector cell activation were evaluated by flow cytometry. The levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ, as well as the releasements of HMGB1 and ATP, were detected using corresponding kits. The protein levels of heat shock protein 70/90 (HSP70/90) and AMPKα were tested by western blot analysis, and the mRNA levels of CD80, CD86, IL-10, and IFN-γ were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Colony formation assay was utilized for assessing cell cytotoxicity. Mice transplanted tumor model was constructed to assess the effect of Met on OC tumor growth, and immunohistochemistry staining was used to analyze CD80+ and CD86+ cells in mice tumor tissues. Our data showed that Met inhibited OC cell viability and induced CRT exposure. Besides, Met could promote the release of HMGB1 and ATP, as well as induce DC maturation. In vivo experiments suggested that Met restrained OC tumor growth via activating antitumor immune response. Moreover, Met activated AMPK pathway, and silenced AMPK pathway reversed the promoting effect of Met on CRT exposure and the releasements of HMGB1 and ATP in OC cells. In conclusion, Met induced ICD-mediated immune destruction in OC via activating AMPK pathway, indicating that Met might be used in the immunotherapy of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Lufang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Guiju Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City 430022, Hubei Province, PR China.
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253
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Luo X, Deng H, Xie F, Wang L, Liang J, Zhu X, Li T, Tang X, Liang W, Xiang Z, He J. Prognostication of colorectal cancer liver metastasis by CE-based radiomics and machine learning. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:101997. [PMID: 38889522 PMCID: PMC11231534 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver is the most common organ for the formation of colorectal cancer metastasis. Non-invasive prognostication of colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) may better inform clinicians for decision-making. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography images of 180 CRLM cases were included in the final analyses. Radiomics features, including shape, first-order, wavelet, and texture, were extracted with Pyradiomics, followed by feature engineering by penalized Cox regression. Radiomics signatures were constructed for disease-free survival (DFS) by both elastic net (EN) and random survival forest (RSF) algorithms. The prognostic potential of the radiomics signatures was demonstrated by Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox regression. 11 radiomics features were selected for prognostic modelling for the EN algorithm, with 835 features for the RSF algorithm. Survival heatmap indicates a negative correlation between EN or RSF risk scores and DFS. Radiomics signature by EN algorithm successfully separates DFS of high-risk and low-risk cases in the training dataset (log-rank test: p < 0.01, hazard ratio: 1.45 (1.07-1.96), p < 0.01) and test dataset (hazard ratio: 1.89 (1.17-3.04), p < 0.05). RSF algorithm shows a better prognostic implication potential for DFS in the training dataset (log-rank test: p < 0.001, hazard ratio: 2.54 (1.80-3.61), p < 0.0001) and test dataset (log-rank test: p < 0.05, hazard ratio: 1.84 (1.15-2.96), p < 0.05). Radiomics features have the potential for the prediction of DFS in CRLM cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 8 East Fuyu Road Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 8 East Fuyu Road Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 8 East Fuyu Road Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Junjie Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 8 East Fuyu Road Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 8 East Fuyu Road Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 8 East Fuyu Road Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Xingkui Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 8 East Fuyu Road Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Weixiong Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 8 East Fuyu Road Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Zhiming Xiang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 8 East Fuyu Road Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China.
| | - Jialin He
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 8 East Fuyu Road Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, China.
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254
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Shen D, Xia Y, Fu Y, Cao Q, Chen W, Zhu Y, Guo K, Sun L. Hedgehog pathway and cancer: A new area (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 52:116. [PMID: 38994763 PMCID: PMC11267502 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In years of research on classical pathways, the composition, information transmission mechanism, crosstalk with other pathways, and physiological and pathological effects of hedgehog (HH) pathway have been gradually clarified. HH also plays a critical role in tumor formation and development. According to the update of interpretation of tumor phenotypes, the latest relevant studies have been sorted out, to explore the specific mechanism of HH pathway in regulating different tumor phenotypes through gene mutation and signal regulation. The drugs and natural ingredients involved in regulating HH pathway were also reviewed; five approved drugs and drugs under research exert efficacy by blocking HH pathway, and at least 22 natural components have potential to treat tumors by HH pathway. Nevertheless, there is a deficiency of existing studies. The present review confirmed the great potential of HH pathway in future cancer treatment with factual basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyi Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Xia
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Yuhan Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Qiaochang Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Kaibo Guo
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Leitao Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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255
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Soret M, Maisonobe JA, Maksud P, Payen S, Allaire M, Savier E, Roux C, Lussey-Lepoutre C, Kas A. Feasibility of Liver Transplantation after 90 Y Radioembolization: Lessons from a Radiation Protection Incident. HEALTH PHYSICS 2024; 127:373-377. [PMID: 38535982 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Radioembolization using 90 Y is a growing procedure in nuclear medicine for treating hepatocellular carcinoma. Current guidelines suggest postponing liver transplantation or surgical resection for a period of 14 to 30 d after radioembolization to minimize surgeons' exposure to ionizing radiation. In light of a radiation protection incident, we reevaluated the minimum delay required between radioembolization and subsequent liver transplantation. A patient with a hepatocellular carcinoma underwent a liver transplantation 44 h after undergoing radioembolization using 90 Y (860 MBq SIR-Spheres). No specific radioprotection measures were followed during surgery and pathological analysis. We subsequently (1) evaluated the healthcare professionals' exposure to ionizing radiation by conducting dose rate measurements from removed liver tissue and (2) extrapolated the recommended interval to be observed between radioembolization and surgery/transplantation to ensure compliance with the radiation dose limits for worker safety. The surgeons involved in the transplantation procedure experienced the highest radiation exposure, with whole-body doses of 2.4 mSv and extremity doses of 24 mSv. The recommended delay between radioembolization and liver transplantation was 8 d when using SIR-Spheres and 15 d when injecting TheraSphere. This delay can be reduced further when considering the specific 90 Y activity administered during radioembolization. This dosimetric study suggests the feasibility of shortening the delay for liver transplantation/surgery after radioembolization from the 8th or 15th day after using SIR-Spheres or TheraSphere, respectively. This delay can be decreased further when adjusted to the administrated activity while upholding radiation protection standards for healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philippe Maksud
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Médecine nucléaire, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Payen
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de la Prévention des Risques Professionnels, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Manon Allaire
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Hépato-gastroentérologie, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Eric Savier
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Chirurgie viscérale et digestive, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Charles Roux
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Radiologie interventionnelle, F-75013, Paris, France
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256
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Mir BA, Sharma B, Sharma R, Bodh V, Chauhan A, Majeed T, Haq I, Sharma N, Sharma D. A Prospective Randomised Comparative Four-arm Intervention Study of Efficacy and Safety of Saroglitazar and Vitamin E in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)/Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)-SVIN TRIAL. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101398. [PMID: 38628977 PMCID: PMC11017282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Vitamin E is widely prescribed for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Saroglitazar, a novel dual peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor ɑ/γ agonist, is approved in India for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). No head-to-head comparative study for vitamin E and saroglitazar is available. We studied the efficacy and safety of saroglitazar and vitamin E in NAFLD/NASH. Materials and methods We prospectively randomised 175 NAFLD patients into four arms as Saroglitazar 4 mg daily alone (n = 44), vitamin E 800IU daily alone (n = 41), vitamin E and saroglitazar combination (n = 47), and control arm (n = 43). All the baseline variables including liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) were recorded. Reassessment was done after 24 weeks of treatment. Results The mean age and body mass index was 45 ± 11 years and 26 ± 3.6 kg/m2, respectively. Compared to control, the decrease in alanine amino transferase levels with saroglitazar, vitamin E, and combination therapy was significant (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.27-28.25, P = 0.002, 95% CI: -3.39 to 18.88, P = 0.047 and 95% CI: 8.10-29.54, P = 0.001, respectively). The reduction in CAP was significant with saroglitazar and combination therapy (95% CI: -31.94 to 11.99, P = 0.015 and 95% CI: -10.48 to 30.51, P = 0.026, respectively). Only combination therapy shows significant reduction in LSM (95% CI: 0.41-1.68, P = 0.001). Among glycaemic parameters, both saroglitazar alone and combination therapy significantly improved glycosylated haemoglobin levels (P = 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively), and only combination therapy significantly improved homoeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (P = 0.047). Saroglitazar alone showed significant reduction in triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels (P = 0.038 and P = 0.018, respectively), and combination therapy showed significant increase in high-density lipoprotein levels (P = 0.024). Conclusions Combination of Saroglitazar and vitamin E showed statistically significant reduction of LSM and CAP along with biochemical, glycaemic, and lipid parameters. Clinical trial registry India no CTRI/2022/01/039538.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal A. Mir
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Brij Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Rajesh Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Vishal Bodh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Ashish Chauhan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Tahir Majeed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
| | - Inaamul Haq
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Neetu Sharma
- Department of Physiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171001, India
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Bhatti ABH, Qasim SF, Zamrood Z, Riyaz S, Khan NY, Zia HH, Atiq M. Patient Selection for Living Donor Liver Transplantation in Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101403. [PMID: 38660560 PMCID: PMC11036089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is associated with high short-term mortality without liver transplantation (LT). The selection criteria for LT in these patients are not well defined. The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with post-transplant survival in ACLF. Methods This was a single-center retrospective study of patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for ACLF between 2012 and 2022. Out of 1093 transplants, 110 patients had underlying ACLF, based on the European Association for the Study of the Liver-Chronic Liver Failure Consortium (EASL-CLIF) criteria. We looked at factors associated with 1-year posttransplant survival. Results The median model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was 33.5 (31-38), and the 1-year posttransplant survival was 72%. Six risk factors were associated with posttransplant survival, namely, body mass index > 30 kg/m2 [HR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.8-10.7], platelet count < 66,000/μl [HR, 2.91; CI,1.2-6.6], poor response to medical treatment [HR, 2.6; CI, 1.1-5.7], drug-resistant bacterial or fungal cultures [HR, 4.2; CI, 1.4-12.4], serum creatinine > 2.5 mg/dl [HR, 3.4; CI, 1.5-7.7], and graft-to-recipient weight ratio < 0.7 [HR, 4.8; CI, 1.4-16.3]. The 1-year post-transplant survival was 84% in patients with 0-2 risk factors (n = 89) and was 6% with 3 risk factors (n = 15) (P < 0.001). For 1-year posttransplant survival, the area under curve (AUC) for the current model was 0.8 (0.69-0.9). The AUC for CLIF-ACLF, Chronic Liver Failure-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (CLIF-SOFA), and EASL-CLIF ACLF grades was < 0.5. Conclusion In LT for ACLF, acceptable survival can be achieved when less than three high-risk factors are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Bakar H. Bhatti
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Pakistan
| | - Syeda F. Qasim
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zamrood Zamrood
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Riyaz
- Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Pakistan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Y. Khan
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb H. Zia
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Pakistan
| | - Muslim Atiq
- Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Pakistan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
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258
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Rastogi R, Gupta S, Saigal S, Kumar M, Luthra R, Agarwal R, Aggarwal B. Successful Surgical Management of Giant Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm of Liver (MCN-L) Presenting With Peritoneal Rupture and Biliary Prolapse: Case Report and Review of Literature. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101441. [PMID: 38835811 PMCID: PMC11145330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucinous cystic neoplasms of liver (MCN-L) are generally considered benign indolent cystic liver lesions, not associated with significant clinical symptoms in majority of patients. However, rarely these benign-appearing lesions may have a complicated clinical course, presenting with jaundice, acute abdomen, or malignant transformation. We report one such rare clinical presentation of MCN-L presenting with obstructive jaundice and abdominal pain due to prolapse of cystic component in biliary system and peritoneal rupture occurring simultaneously. Despite the complex nature of presentation, it was successfully managed surgically with normal follow-up imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Rastogi
- Department of Radiology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Subhash Gupta
- Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Sanjiv Saigal
- Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Rohan Luthra
- Department of Radiology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Riti Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Bharat Aggarwal
- Department of Radiology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
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259
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Kang W, Wang C, Wang M, Liu M, Hu W, Liang X, Zhang Y. The CXCR2 chemokine receptor: A new target for gastric cancer therapy. Cytokine 2024; 181:156675. [PMID: 38896956 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, and current treatments are still based on surgery and drug therapy. However, due to the complexity of immunosuppression and drug resistance, the treatment of gastric cancer still faces great challenges. Chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) is one of the most common therapeutic targets in targeted therapy. As a G protein-coupled receptor, CXCR2 and its ligands play important roles in tumorigenesis and progression. The abnormal expression of these genes in cancer plays a decisive role in the recruitment and activation of white blood cells, angiogenesis, and cancer cell proliferation, and CXCR2 is involved in various stages of tumor development. Therefore, interfering with the interaction between CXCR2 and its ligands is considered a possible target for the treatment of various tumors, including gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Kang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan, China
| | - Chengkun Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan, China
| | - Minhui Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan, China
| | - Meiqi Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan, China.
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260
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Yuan X, Shao Y, Huang R, Seery S, Wang H, Hu N, Wen L, Lin X, Zhang L. Understanding the influence of cytokines in intrauterine hepatitis B transmission: A cross-sectional study in China. Cytokine 2024; 181:156670. [PMID: 38901264 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Cytokines may related to intrauterine Hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission. 205 HBsAg(+) pregnant cases and 74 HBsAg(-) women were included. Neonatal blood samples were taken within 24 h of delivery and before HBV vaccinations. Serological HBV biomarkers and cytokines were detected. 21.9 % of the newborns from HBsAg(+) women were intrauterinally transmitted, including 7.3 % with dominant transmission (DBT) and 14.6 % occult transmission (OBT). HBV DNA load (odd ratio [OR], 1.44; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.98), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (OR, 1.01; 95 %CI, 1.00-1.02) and toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) (OR, 1.27; 95 %CI, 1.06-1.52) positively correlated with DBT. Only IFN-γ (OR, 1.01; 95 %CI, 1.00-1.01) positively associated with OBT. According to the generated restricted cubic spline, TLR9 was positively correlates with rise of DBT in a log-shape. It may be possible to develop a nomogram which intercalates these factors to predict intrauterine HBV transmissions. Further research should consider immune processes involved in chorioamnionitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuzhang Shao
- Beijing Enze Kangtai Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Weinan Vocational &Technical College, Xi'an, China
| | - Samuel Seery
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ni Hu
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Leji Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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261
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Wang B, Zhu X, Yu S, Xue H, Deng L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Roflumilast ameliorates GAN diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by reducing hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in ob/ob mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 722:150170. [PMID: 38797152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent progressive liver disease. Currently, there is only one drug for NAFLD treatment, and the options are limited. Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitors have potential in treating NAFLD. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of roflumilast on NAFLD. Here, we fed ob/ob mice to induce the NAFLD model by GAN diet. Roflumilast (1 mg/kg) was administered orally once daily. Semaglutide (20 nmol/kg), used as a positive control, was injected subcutaneously once daily. Our findings showed that roflumilast has beneficial effects on NAFLD. Roflumilast prevented body weight gain and improved lipid metabolism in ob/ob-GAN NAFLD mice. In addition, roflumilast decreased hepatic steatosis by down-regulating the expression of hepatic fatty acid synthesis genes (SREBP1c, FASN, and CD36) and improving oxidative stress. Roflumilast not only reduced liver injury by decreasing serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, but also ameliorated hepatic inflammation by reducing the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). Roflumilast lessened liver fibrosis by inhibiting the expression of fibrosis mRNA (TGFβ1, α-SMA, COL1a1, and TIMP-1). Collectively, roflumilast could ameliorate NAFLD, especially in reducing hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Our findings suggested a PDE-4 inhibitor roflumilast could be a potential drug for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaochan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Siting Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Huan Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lijiao Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yushan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Medicinal Basic Research Innovation Center of Chronic Kidney Disease, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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262
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Kong X, Xiong Y, Li L. LINC01605 promotes malignant phenotypes of cervical cancer via miR-149-3p/WNT7B axis. Gene 2024; 921:148518. [PMID: 38734188 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNA) play a pivotal role in the progression of various malignancies. Despite recent identification as an oncogene associated with tumorigenesis. The precise role of LINC01605 in cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of LINC01605 on proliferation and invasion of CC cells, while also exploring its potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS The expression of LINC01605 in CC cell lines was analyzed using the TCGA database and qRT-PCR. Various assays, including CCK-8 and transwell analysis, were conducted on CC cells to assess the influence of LINC01605 on their proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase reporter gene assays were employed to analyze the target genes of LINC01605 and miR-149-3p. To further investigate the mechanism of action, transfection and investigation were performed using specific siRNA, miRNA mimics, or inhibitors. RESULTS The expression of LINC01605 exhibited a significant increase in CC cell lines, and this upregulation was associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Modulating the expression of LINC01605, either by down-regulating or up-regulating it, exerted suppressive or stimulatory effects on the growth and invasion of HeLa and Siha cells. LINC01605 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-149-3p, with WNT7B being identified as a target gene of miR-149-3p. The involvement of LINC01605 in CC development is facilitated by its ability to regulate the expression of WNT7B through sequestering miR-149-3p. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that LINC01605 acts as a competitive endogenous RNA in modulating the effects of WNT7B on the proliferation and invasion of CC cells by sequestering miR-149-3p. This research provides novel insights into the involvement of LINC01605 in the advancement of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Kong
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuanpeng Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liping Li
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; The First Hospital of Nanchang (also known as the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, 330006, China.
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263
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Bu G, Zhao X, Wang M, Ti G, Chen F, Duan X, Huang Y, Li P. Identification of calcium chelating peptides from peanut protein hydrolysate and absorption activity of peptide-calcium complex. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:6676-6686. [PMID: 38545944 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peanut peptides have good chelating ability with metal ions. However, there are few studies on the chelation mechanism of peanut peptides with calcium and absorption properties of peptide-calcium complex. RESULTS Peptides with high calcium chelating rate were isolated and purified from peanut protein hydrolysate (PPH), and the chelation rate of component F21 was higher (81.4 ± 0.8%). Six peptides were identified from component F21 by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the frequency of acidic amino acids and arginine in the amino acid sequence was higher in all six peptides. Peanut peptide-calcium complex (PPH21-Ca) was prepared by selecting component F21 (PPH21). Ultraviolet analysis indicated that the chelate reaction occurred between peanut peptide and calcium ions. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed that the chelating sites were carboxyl and amino groups on the amino acid residues of peptides. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the surface of peanut peptide had a smooth block structure, but the surface of the complex had a granular morphology. Caco-2 cell model tests revealed that the bioavailability of PPH21-Ca was 58.4 ± 0.5%, which was significantly higher than that of inorganic calcium at 37.0 ± 0.4%. CONCLUSION Peanut peptides can chelate calcium ions by carboxyl and amino groups, and the peptide-calcium complex had higher bioavailability. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of new calcium supplement products that are absorbed easily. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhao Bu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengli Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Ti
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fusheng Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Duan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanan Huang
- Henan Province Nanjie Village (Group) Co., Ltd, Luohe, China
| | - Panxin Li
- Henan Province Nanjie Village (Group) Co., Ltd, Luohe, China
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264
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Campanale A, Inserra A, Comai S. Therapeutic modulation of the kynurenine pathway in severe mental illness and comorbidities: A potential role for serotonergic psychedelics. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 134:111058. [PMID: 38885875 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence points towards a crucial role of the kynurenine pathway (KP) in the altered gut-brain axis (GBA) balance in severe mental illness (SMI, namely depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia) and cardiometabolic comorbidities. Preliminary evidence shows that serotonergic psychedelics and their analogues may hold therapeutic potential in addressing the altered KP in the dysregulated GBA in SMI and comorbidities. In fact, aside from their effects on mood, psychedelics elicit therapeutic improvement in preclinical models of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and vascular inflammation, which are highly comorbid with SMI. Here, we review the literature on the therapeutic modulation of the KP in the dysregulated GBA in SMI and comorbidities, and the potential application of psychedelics to address the altered KP in the brain and systemic dysfunction underlying SMI and comorbidities. Psychedelics might therapeutically modulate the KP in the altered GBA in SMI and comorbidities either directly, via altering the metabolic pathway by influencing the rate-limiting enzymes of the KP and affecting the levels of available tryptophan, or indirectly, by affecting the gut microbiome, gut metabolome, metabolism, and the immune system. Despite promising preliminary evidence, the mechanisms and outcomes of the KP modulation with psychedelics in SMI and systemic comorbidities remain largely unknown and require further investigation. Several concerns are discussed surrounding the potential side effects of this approach in specific cohorts of individuals with SMI and systemic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Inserra
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stefano Comai
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, PD, Italy.; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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265
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Mei LF, Gan Q, Hu J, Li YX, Tian R, Shi CJ. Assessment of early factors for identification or prediction severe acute pancreatitis in pregnancy. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5502-5512. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i24.5502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) is a rare and serious condition, and severe APIP (SAPIP) can lead to pancreatic necrosis, abscess, multiple organ dysfunction, and other adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Therefore, early identification or prediction of SAPIP is important.
AIM To assess factors for early identification or prediction of SAPIP.
METHODS The clinical data of patients with APIP were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified with mild acute pancreatitis or severe acute pancreatitis, and the clinical characteristics and laboratory biochemical indexes were compared between the two groups. Logical regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to assess the efficacy of the factors for identification or prediction of SAPIP.
RESULTS A total of 45 APIP patients were enrolled. Compared with the mild acute pancreatitis group, the severe acute pancreatitis group had significantly increased (P < 0.01) heart rate (HR), hemoglobin, neutrophil ratio (NEUT%), and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), while lymphocytes were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Logical regression analysis showed that HR, NEUT%, NLR, and lymphocyte count differed significantly (P < 0.01) between the groups. These may be factors for early identification or prediction of SAPIP. The area under the curve of HR, NEUT%, NLR, and lymphocyte count in the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was 0.748, 0.732, 0.821, and 0.774, respectively. The combined analysis showed that the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.869, 90.5%, and 70.8%, respectively.
CONCLUSION HR, NEUT%, NLR, and lymphocyte count can be used for early identification or prediction of SAPIP, and the combination of the four factors is expected to improve identification or prediction of SAPIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fen Mei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Quan Gan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yun-Xiang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Cheng-Jian Shi
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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266
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Zeng XL, Zhu LJ, Yang XD. Exploration of the complex origins of primary constipation. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5476-5482. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i24.5476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty in passing stools. It can significantly affect an individual's quality of life and overall well-being. Understanding the causes of constipation is important for its effective management and treatment. In this paper, we have reviewed the primary causes of constipation or functional constipation. Primary constipation is a bowel disorder associated with colonic or anorectal sensorimotor or neuromuscular dysfunction. As per the literature, it is multifactorial and involves factors such as decreased interstitial cells of Cajal, altered colonic motility, enteric nervous system dysfunction, intestinal flora disturbances, and psychological influences. Clinical symptoms include difficulty in defecation, decreased frequency of defecation, or a feeling of incomplete evacuation. A comprehensive evaluation and management of constipation require an interdisciplinary approach incorporating dietary modifications, lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy, and psychological interventions. Further research is imperative to explain the intricate mechanisms underlying constipation and develop targeted therapies for improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Lin Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lian-Jun Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Yang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu 610015, Sichuan Province, China
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267
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Guo CY, Wei YX. Splenic subcapsular hematoma following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5613-5621. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i24.5613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Splenic injury following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a rare complication. The literature contains around 30 articles reporting various degrees of splenic injuries resulting from ERCP since the first report of splenic rupture after ERCP in 1989.
CASE SUMMARY This report describes a case of splenic hematoma and stent displacement in a 69-year-old male patient who developed these conditions 7 days after undergoing ERCP and stenting. The patient had bile duct stenosis caused by a malignant tumor that was obstructing the bile duct. The diagnosis was confirmed by epigastric computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. The patient was successfully treated with percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage, endoscopic pyloric stent placement, and conservative management. The causes of splenic injury following ERCP are discussed.
CONCLUSION ERCP has the potential to cause splenic injury. If a patient experiences symptoms such as abdominal pain, decreased blood pressure, and altered hematology after the procedure, it's important to be thoroughly investigated for postoperative bleeding and splenic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu-Xia Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
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268
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Shi B, Xu T, Chen T, Xu S, Yao Y. Co-exposure of decabromodiphenyl ethane and polystyrene nanoplastics damages grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) hepatocytes: Focus on the role of oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and inflammatory reaction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 940:173575. [PMID: 38823712 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) are emerging pollutants that seriously threaten the ecological safety of the aquatic environment. However, the hepatotoxicity effect of their combined exposure on aquatic organisms has not been reported to date. In, this study, the effects of single or co-exposure of DBDPE and PS-NPs on grass carp hepatocytes were explored and biomarkers related to oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. The results show that both single and co-exposure to DBDPE and PS-NPs caused oxidative stress. Oxidative stress was induced by increasing the contents of pro-oxidation factors (ROS, MDA, and LPO), inhibiting the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, GPX, T-SOD, GSH, and T-AOC), and downregulating the mRNA expressions of antioxidant genes (GPX1, GSTO1, SOD1, and CAT); the effects of combined exposure were stronger overall. Both single and co-exposure to DBDPE and PS-NPs also elevated Fe2+ content, promoted the expressions of TFR1, STEAP3, and NCOA4, and inhibited the expressions of FTH1, SLC7A11, GCLC, GSS, and GPX4; these effects resulted in iron overload-induced ferroptosis, where co-exposure had stronger adverse effects on ferroptosis-related biomarkers than single exposure. Moreover, single or co-exposure enhanced inflammatory cytokine levels, as evidenced by increased mRNA expressions of IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and MPO. Co-exposure exhibited higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to single exposure. Interestingly, the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 intervention diminished the above changes. In brief, the results suggest that DBDPE and PS-NPs trigger elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines in grass crap hepatocytes. This elevation is achieved via oxidative stress and iron overload-mediated ferroptosis, where cytotoxicity was stronger under co-exposure compared to single exposure. Overall, the findings contribute to elucidating the potential hepatotoxicity mechanisms in aquatic organisms caused by co-exposure to DBDPE and PS-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendong Shi
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Tong Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ting Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yujie Yao
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
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He X, Sun Z, Sun J, Chen Y, Luo Y, Wang Z, Linghu D, Song M, Cao C. Single-cell transcriptomics reveal the microenvironment landscape of perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced liver injury in female mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 940:173562. [PMID: 38825197 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Epidemic and animal studies have reported that perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are strongly associated with liver injury; however, to date, the effects of PFASs on the hepatic microenvironment remain largely unknown. In this study, we established perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS)-induced liver injury models by providing male and female C57BL/6 mice with water containing PFOS at varying doses for 4 weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that PFOS induced liver injury in both sexes. Elevated levels of serum aminotransferases including those of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase were detected in the serum of mice treated with PFOS. Female mice exhibited more severe liver injury than male mice. We collected the livers from female mice and performed single-cell RNA sequencing. In total, 36,529 cells were included and grouped into 10 major cell types: B cells, granulocytes, T cells, NK cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and hepatocytes. Osteoclast differentiation was upregulated and the T cell receptor signaling pathway was significantly downregulated in PFOS-treated livers. Further analyses revealed that among immune cell clusters in PFOS-treated livers, Tcf7+CD4+T cells were predominantly downregulated, whereas conventional dendritic cells and macrophages were upregulated. Among the fibroblast subpopulations, hepatic stellate cells were significantly enriched in PFOS-treated female mice. CellphoneDB analysis suggested that fibroblasts interact closely with endothelial cells. The major ligand-receptor pairs between fibroblasts and endothelial cells in PFOS-treated livers were Dpp4_Cxcl12, Ackr3_Cxcl12, and Flt1_complex_Vegfa. These genes are associated with directing cell migration and angiogenesis. Our study provides a general framework for understanding the microenvironment in the livers of female mice exposed to PFOS at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhichao Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyuan Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyao Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongyi Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongli Linghu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Miao Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuanhui Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Sun T, Li S, Li X, Lei Y, Wang B, Liu X, Yu S, Li N. Apigenin intervenes in liver fibrosis by regulating PKM2-HIF-1α mediated oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 721:150130. [PMID: 38761750 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Apigenin (API) is a natural flavonoid compound with antioxidant, anti fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and other effects, but there is limited research on the effect of API on liver fibrosis. This study aims to explore the effect and potential mechanism of API on liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in mice. The results indicate that API reduces oxidative stress levels, inhibits hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, and exerts anti liver fibrosis effects by regulating the PKM2-HIF-1α pathway. We observed that API alleviated liver tissue pathological damage and collagen deposition in CCl4 induced mouse liver fibrosis model, promoting the recovery of liver function in mice with liver fibrosis. In addition, the API inhibits the transition of Pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2) from dimer to tetramer formation by regulating the EGFR-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway, thereby preventing dimer from entering the nucleus and blocking PKM2-HIF-1α access. This change leads to a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) and Catalase (CAT) levels and an increase in glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels, as well as total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the liver of liver fibrosis mice. At the same time, API downregulated the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Vimentin and Desmin in the liver tissue of mice with liver fibrosis, inhibited the activation of HSC, and reduced collagen deposition. These results indicate that API can inhibit HSC activation and alleviate CCl4 induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting the PKM2-HIF-1α pathway and reducing oxidative stress, laying an important foundation for the development and clinical application of API as a novel drug for treating liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Saifei Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanfei Lei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baoying Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianghua Liu
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shanfa Yu
- School of Public Health, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ningning Li
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, China.
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271
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Zhang Y, Wu Y, Li B, Tian J. Phloretin prolongs lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via inhibition of NDUFS1 and NDUFS6 at mitochondrial complex Ⅰ. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 221:283-295. [PMID: 38705496 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Phloretin has been widely perceived as an antioxidant. However, the bioavailability of phloretin in vivo is generally far too low to elicit a direct antioxidant effect by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we showed that administration of phloretin of apple polyphenols extended lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans and promoted fitness. Specially phloretin enhanced the survival rates of nematodes under oxidants in an inverted U-shaped dose-response manner. The lifespan-extending effects of phloretin were mediated by ROS via mitochondrial complex I inhibition. The increase of ROS stimulated p38 MAPK/PMK-1 as well as transcription factors of NRF2/SKN-1 and FOXO/DAF-16. Consistent with the involvement of NRF2/SKN-1 and FOXO/DAF-16 in lifespan-extending effects, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were enhanced by phloretin. The exogenous application of antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole and N-acetylcysteine abolished the increase of ROS, the enhancement of SOD and CAT activities, and the lifespan extending effects of phloretin. Meanwhile, with the inhibition of mitochondrial complex I, ATP was instantly decreased. Both energy sensors of AMPK/AAK-2 and SIRT1/SIR-2.1 were involved in the lifespan extension by phloretin. Transcriptomic, real-time qPCR and molecular docking analyses demonstrated that the binding of phloretin at complex I located at NDUFS1/NUO-5, NDUFS2/GAS-1, and NDUFS6/NDUF-6. The molecular dynamic simulation and binding free energy calculations showed that phloretin had high binding affinities towards NDUFS1 (-7.21 kcal/mol) and NDUFS6 (-7.02 kcal/mol). Collectively, our findings suggested phloretin had effects of life expectancy enhancement and fitness promotion via redox regulations in vivo. NDUFS1/NUO-5 and NDUFS6/NDUF-6 might be new targets in the lifespan and wellness regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yonglin Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China; Functional Food Engineering & Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China; Functional Food Engineering & Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, China.
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272
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Lv J, Ibrahim YS, Yumashev A, Hjazi A, Faraz A, Alnajar MJ, Qasim MT, Ghildiyal P, Hussein Zwamel A, Fakri Mustafa Y. A comprehensive immunobiology review of IBD: With a specific glance to Th22 lymphocytes development, biology, function, and role in IBD. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112486. [PMID: 38901239 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The two primary forms of inflammatory disorders of the small intestine andcolon that make up inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). While ulcerative colitis primarily affects the colon and the rectum, CD affects the small and large intestines, as well as the esophagus,mouth, anus, andstomach. Although the etiology of IBD is not completely clear, and there are many unknowns about it, the development, progression, and recurrence of IBD are significantly influenced by the activity of immune system cells, particularly lymphocytes, given that the disease is primarily caused by the immune system stimulation and activation against gastrointestinal (GI) tract components due to the inflammation caused by environmental factors such as viral or bacterial infections, etc. in genetically predisposed individuals. Maintaining homeostasis and the integrity of the mucosal barrier are critical in stopping the development of IBD. Specific immune system cells and the quantity of secretory mucus and microbiome are vital in maintaining this stability. Th22 cells are helper T lymphocyte subtypes that are particularly important for maintaining the integrity and equilibrium of the mucosal barrier. This review discusses the most recent research on these cells' biology, function, and evolution and their involvement in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lv
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Yousif Saleh Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Fallujah, Fallujah, Iraq
| | - Alexey Yumashev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Faraz
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Maytham T Qasim
- College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar 64001, Iraq
| | - Pallavi Ghildiyal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ahmed Hussein Zwamel
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Aldiwaniyah, Aldiwaniyah, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
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273
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Bao X, Tang Y, Lv Y, Fu S, Yang L, Chen Y, Zhou M, Zhu B, Ding Z, Zhou F. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum polysaccharide ameliorated ulcerative colitis by remodeling intestinal mucosal barrier function via regulating the SOCS1/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112404. [PMID: 38851163 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by a chronic and protracted course and often leads to a poor prognosis. Patients with this condition often experience postoperative complications, further complicating the management of their condition. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum polysaccharide (THP) has demonstrated considerable potential as a treatment for inflammatory bowel disease. However, its underlying mechanism in the treatment of UC remains unclear. This study systematically and comprehensively investigated the effects of THP on dextran sulfate-induced UC mice and illustrated its specific mechanism of action. The colon and spleen in UC mice were restored after THP treatment. The levels of key markers, such as secretory immunoglobulin A, β-defensin, and mucin-2 were increased, collagen deposition and epithelial cell apoptosis were decreased. Notably, THP administration led to increased levels of Ki67 and tight junction proteins in colon tissue and reduced colon tissue permeability. THP contributed to the restored balance of intestinal flora. Furthermore, THP downregulated the expressions of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-17 and promoted those of the regulatory factors forkhead box protein P3. It also exerted anti-inflammatory effects by promoting suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS1) expression and inhibiting the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. Our results demonstrated that THP had an efficacy comparable to that of JAK inhibitor in treating UC. In addition, THP might play a role in UC therapy through modulation of the SOCS1/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and remodeling of the intestinal mucosal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Bao
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Youying Tang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Yishan Lv
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Siyu Fu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Yuchi Chen
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Mingyuan Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Bingqi Zhu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Zhishan Ding
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Fangmei Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
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274
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Singh S, Sharma AK, Som A, Gehlot V, Mahant S, Sharma P, Das K, Das R. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of babA gene of Helicobacter pylori isolated from Indian patients with gastrointestinal diseases. Gene 2024; 920:148526. [PMID: 38703866 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Outer membrane protein (OMP) of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) i.e., blood group antigen binding adhesin (babA) is responsible for the attachment of H. pylori in the gastric epithelium. Its adherence is causative for gastric pathology such as gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), or digestive tract disorders like erosive reflux disease (ERD) and (NERD) non-erosive reflux disease and together called Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). BabA manifests rapid and varied selection via substitution of amino acid in its Leb-carbohydrate binding domain (CBD) which enables better binding preferences for distinct human populations and ABO blood group phenotypes. The positive evolutionary selection of the pathogenic factor of this genetically diverse bacterium has enabled it to adapt to the host gastric environment. Analyzing the association of virulent genes (cagA, vacA) and babA will help us better understand bacteria's pathogenicity. METHOD 109 H. pylori strains from patients with distinct gastrointestinal diseases were genotyped using Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) for cagA, vacA, and babA followed by Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. RESULT In the babA + ve genotype, a statistically significant association with p = 0.04 and < 0.0001 is seen in gastritis and ERD respectively. A significant association of genotype vacAs1m2 (p = 0.0002) was seen in gastritis, vacAs1m1 (p = 0.02) in NERD, vacAs1m1 (p < 0.0001) and vacAs1m2 (p = 0.002) in ERD. This relationship helps to detect gastritis or ERD where BabA gene can be used as an independent marker for detecting their presence. CONCLUSION The appearance of variants within distinct disease categories is due to local genetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Singh
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201301, UP, India.
| | - Amresh Kumar Sharma
- Centre of Bioinformatics, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, UP, India.
| | - Anup Som
- Centre of Bioinformatics, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, UP, India.
| | - Valentina Gehlot
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201301, UP, India.
| | - Shweta Mahant
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201301, UP, India.
| | - Prateek Sharma
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201301, UP, India.
| | - Kunal Das
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yashoda super specialty Hospital, Ghaziabad, 201001, U.P, India.
| | - Rajashree Das
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201301, UP, India.
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275
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Traber MG. Deciphering the enigma of the function of alpha-tocopherol as a vitamin. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 221:64-74. [PMID: 38754744 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
α-Tocopherol (α-T) is a vitamin, but the reasons for the α-T requirement are controversial. Given that α-T deficiency was first identified in embryos, we studied to the premier model of vertebrate embryo development, the zebrafish embryo. We developed an α-T-deficient diet for zebrafish and used fish consuming this diet to produce α-T deficient (E-) embryos. We showed that α-T deficiency causes increased lipid peroxidation, leading to metabolic dysregulation that impacts both biochemical and morphological changes at very early stages in development. These changes occur at an early developmental window, which takes place prior to an analogous time to when a human knows she is pregnant. We found that α-T limits the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation and protects metabolic pathways and integrated gene expression networks that control embryonic development. Importantly, not only is α-T critical during early development, but the neurodevelopmental process is highly dependent on α-T trafficking by the α-T transfer protein (TTPa). Data from both gene expression and evaluation of the metabolome in E- embryos suggest that the activity of the mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is dysregulated-mTOR is a master regulatory mechanism, which controls both metabolism and neurodevelopment. Our findings suggest that TTPa is needed not only for regulation of plasma α-T in adults but is a key regulator during embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maret G Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97330, OR, USA.
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276
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Ma X, Li J, Li M, Qi G, Wei L, Zhang D. Nets in fibrosis: Bridging innate immunity and tissue remodeling. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112516. [PMID: 38906006 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis, a complex pathological process characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components, leads to tissue scarring and dysfunction. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), composed of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial proteins, significantly contribute to fibrotic diseases pathogenesis. This review summarizes the process of NETs production, molecular mechanisms, and related diseases, and outlines the cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with fibrosis. Subsequently, this review comprehensively summarizes the current understanding of the intricate interplay between NETs and fibrosis across various organs, including the lung, liver, kidney, skin, and heart. The mechanisms by which NETs contribute to fibrogenesis, including their ability to promote inflammation, induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), activate fibroblasts, deposit extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and trigger TLR4 signaling were explored. This review aimed to provide insights into the complex relationship between NETs and fibrosis via a comprehensive analysis of existing reports, offering novel perspectives for future research and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueni Ma
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jipin Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lina Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dekui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
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277
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Zheng Q, Xu X, Weng J, Li M, Li B, Cao Y. The elevated expression of serum glutathione reductase in hepatocellular carcinoma and its role in assessing the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of transarterial chemoembolization. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 221:225-234. [PMID: 38815771 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is a scarcity of reliable biomarkers that can accurately forecast the outcome and prognosis of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). In this study, we assessed the diagnostic efficacy of serum glutathione reductase (GR) as a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its practicality in predicting TACE treatment response. METHODS The baseline positive rate and level of serum GR were analyzed and compared between HCC group and control group. Serum GR levels were assessed at three specific time points in 181 patients with unresectable HCC who underwent TACE (HCC-TACE). The correlation between serum GR levels and clinical pathological factors, tumor reactivity, and prognosis was investigated. The modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) was utilized for assessing the treatment response to TACE. A nomogram for predicting the response to TACE treatment efficacy was developed. RESULTS Serum GR demonstrated superior diagnostic performance in HCC patients. The baseline levels of serum GR were associated with the patient's age, tumor size, BCLC staging, and tumor thrombi of the portal vein (TTPV) (p < 0.05). Elevated baseline levels of serum GR were also identified as independent prognostic factors for predicting lower overall survival (OS) and shorter time to radiological progression (TTP) (p < 0.001). Moreover, it is worth noting that non-responders group exhibited a substantial increase in median GR level in the fourth week following TACE treatment (p < 0.0001), whereas the median GR level of responders group did not display a significant augmentation (p > 0.05). Lastly, the changes in serum GRt1-t3 were negatively correlated with TTP (p < 0.001). The nomogram developed to predict the risk of mRECIST responsiveness in patients with HCC-TACE demonstrated excellent discriminatory ability. CONCLUSION Serum GR can serve as a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis of HCC and for predicting the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of TACE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhu Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Jiamiao Weng
- Fujian Medical University Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
| | - Yingping Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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278
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Cui B, Qi Z, Liu W, Zhang G, Lin D. ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis: A possible novel mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112373. [PMID: 38852523 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Although penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) has been identified to alleviate myocardial injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), the regulatory molecules and related mechanisms are unknown. In this study, bioinformatics, molecular biology, and biochemistry methods were used to explore the molecular mechanisms and targets of PHC. In the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI)-induced rat model, PHC pretreatment significantly improved cardiac function (p < 0.01). Multiple differentially expressed genes, including Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1), were identified through mRNA sequencing analysis of myocardial ischemic penumbra tissue in MIRI rats. The transduction of the ZBP1 adenovirus vector (Ad-Zbp1) in PHC-pretreated rats exhibited a reversible augmentation in myocardial infarct size (p < 0.01), pronounced pathological damage to the myocardial tissue, as well as a significant elevation of serum myocardial enzymes (p < 0.05). The interaction among ZBP1, fas-associating via death domain (FADD), and receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) leads to a remarkable up-regulation of cleaved-Caspase-1 (Cl-Casp-1), N-terminal gasdermin D (N-GSDMD), phospho-mixed lineage kinase domain-like Ser358 (p-MLKLS358), and other regulatory proteins, thereby triggering pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis (PANoptosis) in cardiomyocytes of MIRI rats. Moreover, the transduction of Ad-Zbp1 in the oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R)-induced H9c2 cell model also dramatically augmented the number of cell deaths. However, the intervention of PHC considerably enhanced cell viability (p < 0.01), effectively mitigated the release of myocardial enzymes (p < 0.05), and markedly attenuated the expression levels of PANoptosis regulatory proteins through restraint of ZBP1 expression. Therefore, the therapeutic efficacy of PHC in improving MIRI might be attributed to targeting ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boqun Cui
- Center for Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyou Qi
- Center for Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Center for Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanzheng Zhang
- Center for Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Duomao Lin
- Center for Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.
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279
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Brown L, Colwill M, Poullis A. Gastrointestinal tuberculosis: Diagnostic approaches for this uncommon pathology. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5283-5287. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i23.5283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A case report entitled “Primary gastroduodenal tuberculosis presenting as gastric outlet obstruction” recently published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases presented a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction and highlighted the atypical manner in which gastrointestinal tuberculosis (TB) can present. The literature with regards to this rare pathology is limited to case reports and case series with the largest being published using data from between 2003 and 2013. However, since then the diagnostic tools available have significantly changed with more modern and increasingly accurate tests now available. This editorial reviews the current state of the art with regards to diagnosis in gastrointestinal TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lottie Brown
- Department of Gastroenterology, St George's University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW17 0QT, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Colwill
- Department of Gastroenterology, St George's University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW17 0QT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Poullis
- Department of Gastroenterology, St George's University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW17 0QT, United Kingdom
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280
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Komorowicz I, Hanć A. Can arsenic do anything good? Arsenic nanodrugs in the fight against cancer - last decade review. Talanta 2024; 276:126240. [PMID: 38754186 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic has been an element of great interest among scientists for many years as it is a widespread metalloid in our ecosystem. Arsenic is mostly recognized with negative connotations due to its toxicity. Surely, most of us know that a long time ago, arsenic trioxide was used in medicine to treat, mainly, skin diseases. However, not everyone knows about its very wide and promising use in the treatment of cancer. Initially, in the seventies, it was used to treat leukemia, but new technological possibilities and the development of nanotechnology have made it possible to use arsenic trioxide for the treatment of solid tumours. The most toxic arsenic compound - arsenic trioxide - as the basis of anticancer drugs in which they function as a component of nanoparticles is used in the fight against various types of cancer. This review aims to present the current solutions in various cancer treatment using arsenic compounds with different binding motifs and methods of preparation to create targeted nanoparticles, nanodiamonds, nanohybrids, nanodrugs, or nanovehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Komorowicz
- Department of Trace Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 8 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Street, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Anetta Hanć
- Department of Trace Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 8 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Street, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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281
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Bui TT, Park E, Kang HY, Oh JK. Combined effects of smoking and alcohol consumption on the risk of liver cancer according to metabolic syndrome: A nested case-control study in South Korea. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:654-665. [PMID: 38533737 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco and alcohol may interact to increase the risk of liver cancer, which might be modified by other risk factors. Their combined effects in the context of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unclear. Given the increasing prevalence of MetS, this nested case-control study was conducted to evaluate the combined effects of smoking and alcohol consumption on liver cancer risk with stratification by MetS. We included 15,352 liver cancer patients and 92,112 matched controls who attended the nationwide general health examination during 2009-2019, using a customized database (N = 5,545,835) from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Liver cancer risk according to smoking and alcohol consumption was estimated using conditional multivariable logistic regression. Additive and multiplicative interactions between these two factors were assessed. Results showed that in men, dual current users were at a significantly higher risk of liver cancer compared with dual nonusers, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.61, 95% confidence interval: (1.50, 1.72). Interactions were detected between light-to-moderate alcohol consumption (0.1-28 g/day) and heavy smoking (>20 pack-years) on additive scale, relative excess risk due to interaction = 0.34 (0.16, 0.51), attributable proportion = 0.22 (0.11, 0.33), synergy index = 2.75 (1.85, 3.66), and multiplicative scale, aOR for the product term = 1.28 (1.11, 1.49). An additive interaction was also revealed between light-to-moderate drinking and light-to-moderate smoking in the MetS subgroup. In women, light-to-moderate drinking/nonsmoking was negatively associated with the risk in the non-MetS subgroup. In conclusion, a holistic health promotion program should target male dual users of tobacco cigarettes and alcohol, including light-to-moderate users, especially those with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Tra Bui
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Park
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Yeon Kang
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Oh
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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282
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Meng D, Yin G, Chen S, Zhang X, Yu W, Wang L, Liu H, Jiang W, Sun Y, Zhang F. Diosgenin attenuates nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis through the hepatic SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176737. [PMID: 38866362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been increasing worldwide in recent years, causing severe economic and social burdens. Therefore, the lack of currently approved drugs for anti-NAFLD has gradually gained attention. SIRT1, as a member of the sirtuins family, is now the most widely studied in the pathophysiology of many metabolic diseases, and has great potential for preventing and treating NAFLD. Natural products such as Diosgenin (DG) have the potential to be developed as clinical drugs for the treatment of NAFLD due to their excellent multi-target therapeutic effects. In this study, we found that DG can activate the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway and upregulate the expression of its downstream targets nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), complex IV (COX IV), mitofusin-2 (MFN2), and PPARα (perox-isome proliferator-activated receptor α) in SD rats induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and HepG2 cells caused by free fatty acids (FFAs, sodium oleate: sodium palmitate = 2:1). Conversely, the levels of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) and inflammatory factors, including NF-κB p65, IL6, and TNFα, were downregulated both in vitro and in vivo. This improved mitochondrial dysfunction, fatty acid oxidation (FAO), lipid accumulation, steatosis, oxidative stress, and hepatocyte inflammation. Subsequently, we applied SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 and SIRT1 agonist SRT1720 to confirm further the necessity of activating SIRT1 for DG to exert therapeutic effects on NAFLD. In summary, these results further demonstrate the potential therapeutic role of DG as a SIRT1 natural agonist for NAFLD. (Graphical Abstracts).
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Affiliation(s)
- Decheng Meng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Yin
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Suwen Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Yu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Linya Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongshuai Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenying Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China.
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283
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Hasan AM, Cavalu S, Saber S, Doghish AS, Hamad RS, Abdel-Reheim MA, Alghamdi M, Alamri MMS, Alfaifi J, Adam MIE, Alqarni AA, Rezigalla AA, Negm S, El-Kott AF, Alshehri AS, BinAfeef SF, Abdel-Ghany S, Attia MA, Mohammed OA. Hedgehog signaling mastery: R51211's promise in augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of sorafenib. Life Sci 2024; 351:122791. [PMID: 38848936 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor employed for managing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The emergence of sorafenib resistance presents an obstacle to its therapeutic efficacy. One notable approach to overcoming sorafenib resistance is the exploration of combination therapies. The role of hedgehog signaling in sorafenib resistance has been also examined in HCC. R51211, known as itraconazole, has been safely employed in clinical practice. Through in vitro and in vivo investigations, we assessed the potential of R51211 to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of sorafenib by inhibiting the hedgehog signaling. The zero-interaction potency synergy model demonstrated a synergistic interaction between R51211 and sorafenib, a phenomenon reversed by the action of a smoothened receptor agonist. This dual therapy exhibited an increased capacity to induce apoptosis, as evidenced by alterations in the Bax/BCL-2 ratio and caspase-3, along with a propensity to promote autophagy, as indicated by changes in BECN1, p62, and the LC3I/LC3II ratio. Furthermore, the combination therapy resulted in significant reductions in biomarkers associated with liver preneoplastic alterations, improved liver microstructure, and mitigated changes in liver function enzymes. The substantial decrease in hedgehog components (Shh, SMO, GLI1, and GLI2) following R51211 treatment appears to be a key factor contributing to the increased efficacy of sorafenib. In conclusion, our study highlights the potential of R51211 as an adjunct to sorafenib, introducing a new dimension to this combination therapy through the modulation of the hedgehog signaling pathway. Further investigations are essential to validate the therapeutic efficacy of this combined approach in inhibiting the development of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Madalin Hasan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
| | - Rabab S Hamad
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt.
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Aldawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Mushabab Alghamdi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohannad Mohammad S Alamri
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Masoud I E Adam
- Department of Medical Education and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah Ali Alqarni
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Assad Ali Rezigalla
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sally Negm
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and Art Mahyel Aseer, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61421 Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
| | - Ali S Alshehri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61421 Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shahad Fuad BinAfeef
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sameh Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ibn Sina University for Medical Sciences, Amman 16197, Jordan.
| | - Mohammed A Attia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyiah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
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284
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Nair B, Kamath AJ, Tergaonkar V, Sethi G, Nath LR. Mast cells and the gut-liver Axis: Implications for liver disease progression and therapy. Life Sci 2024; 351:122818. [PMID: 38866220 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The role of mast cells, traditionally recognized for their involvement in immediate hypersensitivity reactions, has garnered significant attention in liver diseases. Studies have indicated a notable increase in mast cell counts following hepatic injury, underscoring their potential contribution to liver disorder pathogenesis. Predominantly situated in connective tissue that envelops the hepatic veins, bile ducts, and arteries, mast cells are central to both initiating and perpetuating liver disorders. Additionally, they are crucial for maintaining gastrointestinal barrier function. The gut-liver axis emphasizes the complex, two-way communication between the gut microbiome and the liver. Past research has implicated gut microbiota and their metabolites in the progression of hepatic disorders. This review sheds light on how mast cells are activated in various liver conditions such as alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), viral hepatitis, hepatic fibrogenesis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It also briefly explores the connection between the gut microbiome and mast cell activation in these hepatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyalakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara, P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India; Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara, P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Adithya Jayaprakash Kamath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara, P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India; Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara, P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Laboratory of NFκB Signalling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, 138673, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Lekshmi R Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara, P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India.
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285
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Park J, Kim H, Ham J, Lee W, Koh WG. Cell-adhesive double network self-healing hydrogel capable of cell and drug encapsulation: New platform to construct biomimetic environment with bottom-up approach. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 338:122204. [PMID: 38763712 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
This study presents the development and characterization of a novel double-network self-healing hydrogel based on N-carboxyethyl chitosan (CEC) and oxidized dextran (OD) with the incorporation of crosslinked collagen (CEC-OD/COL-GP) to enhance its biological and physicochemical properties. The hydrogel formed via dynamic imine bond formation exhibited efficient self-healing within 30 min, and a compressive modulus recovery of 92 % within 2 h. In addition to its self-healing ability, CEC-OD/COL-GP possesses unique physicochemical characteristics including transparency, injectability, and adhesiveness to various substrates and tissues. Cell encapsulation studies confirmed the biocompatibility and suitability of the hydrogel as a cell-culture scaffold, with the presence of a collagen network that enhances cell adhesion, spreading, long-term cell viability, and proliferation. Leveraging their unique properties, we engineered assemblies of self-healing hydrogel modules for controlled spatiotemporal drug delivery and constructed co-culture models that simulate angiogenesis in tumor microenvironments. Overall, the CEC-OD/COL-GP hydrogel is a versatile and promising material for biomedical applications, offering a bottom-up approach for constructing complex structures with self-healing capabilities, controlled drug release, and support for diverse cell types in 3D environments. This hydrogel platform has considerable potential for advancements in tissue engineering and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeWook Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Ham
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjae Lee
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Won-Gun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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286
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Kuo HL, Chuang HL, Chen CM, Chen YY, Chen YS, Lin SC, Weng PY, Liu TC, Wang PY, Huang CF, Guan SS, Liu SH, Yang SF, Wu CT. Wogonin ameliorates ER stress-associated inflammatory response, apoptotic death and renal fibrosis in a unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176676. [PMID: 38815787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Wogonin, a vital bioactive compound extracted from the medicinal plant, Scutellaria baicalensis, has been wildly used for its potential in mitigating the progression of chronic diseases. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a significant global health challenge due to its high prevalence, morbidity and mortality rates, and associated complications. This study aimed to assess the potential of wogonin in attenuating renal fibrosis and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms using a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model as a CKD mimic. Male mice, 8 weeks old, underwent orally administrated of either 50 mg/kg/day of wogonin or positive control of 5 mg/kg/day candesartan following UUO surgery. NRK52E cells were exposed to tumor growth factors-beta (TGF-β) to evaluate the anti-fibrotic effects of wogonin. The results demonstrated that wogonin treatment effectively attenuated TGF-β-induced fibrosis markers in NRK-52E cells. Additionally, administration of wogonin significantly improved histopathological alterations and downregulated the expression of pro-fibrotic factors (Fibronectin, α-smooth muscle actin, Collagen IV, E-cadherin, and TGF-β), oxidative stress markers (Catalase, superoxide dismutase 2, NADPH oxidase 4, and thioredoxin reductase 1), inflammatory molecules (Cyclooxygenase-2 and TNF-α), and the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in UUO mice. Furthermore, wogonin treatment mitigated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated molecular markers (GRP78, GRP94, ATF4, CHOP, and the caspase cascade) and suppressed apoptosis. The findings indicate that wogonin treatment ameliorates key fibrotic aspects of CKD by attenuating ER stress-related apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, suggesting its potential as a future therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Liang Kuo
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Clinical Nutrition, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Haw-Ling Chuang
- Department of Emergency, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, 427, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Mu Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ya Chen
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40402, ROC.
| | - Yu-Syuan Chen
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40402, ROC.
| | - Ssu-Chia Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40402, ROC.
| | - Pei-Yu Weng
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40402, ROC.
| | - Ting-Chun Liu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40402, ROC.
| | - Pei-Yun Wang
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40402, ROC.
| | - Chun-Fa Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan.
| | - Siao-Syun Guan
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, 32546, Taiwan.
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Tien Wu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40402, ROC; Master Program of Food and Drug Safety, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
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287
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Liu JW, Huang X, Wang MK, Yang JS. Diabetes and susceptibility to COVID-19: Risk factors and preventive and therapeutic strategies. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1663-1671. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i8.1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease caused by a novel human coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Diabetes is a well-known risk factor for infectious diseases with high prevalence and increased severity. Here, we elucidated the possible factors for the increased vulnerability of diabetic patients to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the more severe COVID-19 illness. The worsened prognosis of patients with both COVID-19 and diabetes may be attributable to host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-assisted viral uptake. Moreover, insulin resistance is often associated with impaired mucosal and skin barrier integrity, resulting in mic-robiota dysbiosis, which increases susceptibility to viral infections. It may also be associated with higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines resulting from an impaired immune system in diabetics, inducing a cytokine storm and excessive inflammation. This review describes diabetes mellitus and its complications, explains the risk factors, such as disease characteristics and patient lifestyle, which may contribute to the high susceptibility of diabetic patients to COVID-19, and discusses preventive and therapeutic strategies for COVID-19-positive diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Ming-Ke Wang
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Ji-Shun Yang
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
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288
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Yu XL, Zhou LY, Huang X, Li XY, Pan QQ, Wang MK, Yang JS. Urgent call for attention to diabetes-associated hospital infections. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1683-1691. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i8.1683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we discuss the recent article by Zhao et al published in the World Journal of Diabetes, which highlights the importance of recognizing the risk indicators associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Given the severe implications of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in hospitalized individuals- such as heightened mortality rates, prolonged hospitalizations, and increased costs- we focus on elucidating the connection between DM and nosocomial infections. Diabetic patients are susceptible to pathogenic bacterial invasion and subsequent infection, with some already harboring co-infections upon admission. Notably, DM is an important risk factor for nosocomial urinary tract infections and surgical site infections, which may indirectly affect the occurrence of nosocomial bloodstream infections, especially in patients with DM with poor glycemic control. Although evidence regarding the impact of DM on healthcare-associated pneumonias remains inconclusive, attention to this potential association is warranted. Hospitalized patients with DM should prioritize meticulous blood glucose management, adherence to standard operating procedures, hand hygiene pra-ctices, environmental disinfection, and rational use of drugs during hospitalization. Further studies are imperative to explore the main risk factors of HAIs in patients with DM, enabling the development of preventative measures and mitigating the occurrence of HAIs in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Lu Yu
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Li-Yun Zhou
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Xin-Yue Li
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Qing-Qing Pan
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Ming-Ke Wang
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Ji-Shun Yang
- Medical Care Center, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
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289
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Jain S, Lamba BY, Dubey SK. Recent advancements in the sensors for food analysis to detect gluten: A mini-review [2019-2023]. Food Chem 2024; 449:139204. [PMID: 38613992 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
People with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity may experience an immune reaction to the protein called gluten, which is present in wheat, barley, and rye. A strict gluten-free diet is the sole cure for these ailments. There are chances of food fraud about the claim of being gluten-free food items. As a result, there is a rising need for trustworthy and precise ways to identify gluten. There are many methods to detect gluten in food samples viz., enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 1 Surface plasmon resonance (SPR), Electrochemical sensors, Fluorescence-based sensors, etc. The use of sensors is one of the most promising methods for gluten detection. For detecting gluten, a variety of sensors, including optical, electrochemical, and biosensors, have been developed with different limits of detection and sensitivity. The present review reports the recent advancements (2019-2023) in the development of sensors for gluten detection in food. We may conclude that sensitivity and limit of detection are not related to the type of sensor used (aptamer or antibody-based), however, there are advancements, with the year, on the simplicity of the material used like paper-based sensors and paradigm shift to reagent free sensors by the spectral analysis. Also, recent work shows the potential of IoT-based studies for gluten detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Jain
- Applied Science Cluster (Chemistry), School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun 248007, India.
| | - Bhawna Yadav Lamba
- Applied Science Cluster (Chemistry), School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Dubey
- Applied Science Cluster (Chemistry), School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun 248007, India
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Li A, Liu A, Wang J, Song H, Luo P, Zhan M, Zhou X, Chen L, Zhang L. The prophylaxis functions of Lactobacillus fermentum GLF-217 and Lactobacillus plantarum FLP-215 on ulcerative colitis via modulating gut microbiota of mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5816-5825. [PMID: 38406876 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The strong connection between gut microbes and human health has been confirmed by an increasing number of studies. Although probiotics have been found to relieve ulcerative colitis, the mechanism varies by the species involved. In this study, the physiological, immune and pathological factors of mice were measured and shotgun metagenomic sequencing was conducted to investigate the potential mechanisms in preventing ulcerative colitis. RESULTS The results demonstrated that ingestion of Lactobacillus fermentum GLF-217 and Lactobacillus plantarum FLP-215 significantly alleviated ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), as evidenced by the increase in body weight, food intake, water intake and colon length as well as the decrease in disease activity index, histopathological score and inflammatory factor. Both strains not only improved intestinal mucosa by increasing mucin-2 and zonula occludens-1, but also improved the immune system response by elevating interleukin-10 levels and decreasing the levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ. Moreover, L. fermentum GLF-217 and L. plantarum FLP-215 play a role in preventing DSS-induced colitis by regulating the structure of gut microbiota and promoting the formation of short-chain fatty acids. CONCLUSIONS This study may provide a reference for the prevention strategy of ulcerative colitis. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | | | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hainan Song
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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291
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Liu X, Gilbert RG. Normal and abnormal glycogen structure - A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 338:122195. [PMID: 38763710 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Glycogen, a complex branched glucose polymer, is found in animals and bacteria, where it serves as an energy storage molecule. It has linear (1 → 4)-α glycosidic bonds between anhydroglucose monomer units, with branch points connected by (1 → 6)-α bonds. Individual glycogen molecules are referred to as β particles. In organs like the liver and heart, these β particles can bind into larger aggregate α particles, which exhibit a rosette-like morphology. The mechanisms and bonding underlying the aggregation process are not fully understood. For example, mammalian liver glycogen has been observed to be molecularly fragile under certain conditions, such as glycogen from diabetic livers fragmenting when exposed to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), while glycogen from healthy livers is much less fragile; this indicates some difference, as yet unknown, in the bonding between β particles in healthy and diabetic glycogen. This fragility may have implications for blood sugar regulation, especially in pathological conditions such as diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Centre for Nutrition & Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture & Food Innovations (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert G Gilbert
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Centre for Nutrition & Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture & Food Innovations (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia.
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292
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Almeida PP, Brito ML, Thomasi B, Mafra D, Fouque D, Knauf C, Tavares-Gomes AL, Stockler-Pinto MB. Is the enteric nervous system a lost piece of the gut-kidney axis puzzle linked to chronic kidney disease? Life Sci 2024; 351:122793. [PMID: 38848938 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates numerous functional and immunological attributes of the gastrointestinal tract. Alterations in ENS cell function have been linked to intestinal outcomes in various metabolic, intestinal, and neurological disorders. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a challenging intestinal environment due to gut dysbiosis, which further affects patient quality of life. Although the gut-related repercussions of CKD have been thoroughly investigated, the involvement of the ENS in this puzzle remains unclear. ENS cell dysfunction, such as glial reactivity and alterations in cholinergic signaling in the small intestine and colon, in CKD are associated with a wide range of intestinal pathways and responses in affected patients. This review discusses how the ENS is affected in CKD and how it is involved in gut-related outcomes, including intestinal permeability, inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysmotility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele Lima Brito
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Thomasi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University (MSU), East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denis Fouque
- Department of Nephrology, Centre Hopitalier Lyon Sud, INSERM 1060, CENS, Université de Lyon, France
| | - Claude Knauf
- INSERM U1220 Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, CHU Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ana Lúcia Tavares-Gomes
- Neurosciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil; INSERM U1220 Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, CHU Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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293
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Efimov AI, Hibberd TJ, Wang Y, Wu M, Zhang K, Ting K, Madhvapathy S, Lee MK, Kim J, Kang J, Riahi M, Zhang H, Travis L, Govier EJ, Yang L, Kelly N, Huang Y, Vázquez-Guardado A, Spencer NJ, Rogers JA. Remote optogenetic control of the enteric nervous system and brain-gut axis in freely-behaving mice enabled by a wireless, battery-free optoelectronic device. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 258:116298. [PMID: 38701537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Wireless activation of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in freely moving animals with implantable optogenetic devices offers a unique and exciting opportunity to selectively control gastrointestinal (GI) transit in vivo, including the gut-brain axis. Programmed delivery of light to targeted locations in the GI-tract, however, poses many challenges not encountered within the central nervous system (CNS). We report here the development of a fully implantable, battery-free wireless device specifically designed for optogenetic control of the GI-tract, capable of generating sufficient light over large areas to robustly activate the ENS, potently inducing colonic motility ex vivo and increased propulsion in vivo. Use in in vivo studies reveals unique stimulation patterns that increase expulsion of colonic content, likely mediated in part by activation of an extrinsic brain-gut motor pathway, via pelvic nerves. This technology overcomes major limitations of conventional wireless optogenetic hardware designed for the CNS, providing targeted control of specific neurochemical classes of neurons in the ENS and brain-gut axis, for direct modulation of GI-transit and associated behaviours in freely moving animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I Efimov
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Timothy J Hibberd
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Australia
| | - Yue Wang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Mingzheng Wu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Kaiqing Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Kaila Ting
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Surabhi Madhvapathy
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Min-Kyu Lee
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Joohee Kim
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Center for Bionics of Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiheon Kang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Mohammad Riahi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Haohui Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Lee Travis
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Australia
| | - Emily J Govier
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Australia
| | - Lianye Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nigel Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Abraham Vázquez-Guardado
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA; Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA.
| | - Nick J Spencer
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Australia.
| | - John A Rogers
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
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294
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Somabattini RA, Sherin S, Siva B, Chowdhury N, Nanjappan SK. Unravelling the complexities of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: The role of metabolism, transporters, and herb-drug interactions. Life Sci 2024; 351:122806. [PMID: 38852799 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a mainstream halting liver disease with high prevalence in North America, Europe, and other world regions. It is an advanced form of NAFLD caused by the amassing of fat in the liver and can progress to the more severe form known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Until recently, there was no authorized pharmacotherapy reported for NASH, and to improve the patient's metabolic syndrome, the focus is mainly on lifestyle modification, weight loss, ensuring a healthy diet, and increased physical activity; however, the recent approval of Rezdiffra (Resmetirom) by the US FDA may change this narrative. As per the reported studies, there is an increased articulation of uptake and efflux transporters of the liver, including OATP and MRP, in NASH, leading to changes in the drug's pharmacokinetic properties. This increase leads to alterations in the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. Furthermore, modifications in Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes can have a significant impact on these properties. Xenobiotics are metabolized primarily in the liver and constitute liver enzymes and transporters. This review aims to delve into the role of metabolism, transport, and potential herb-drug interactions in the context of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Adinarayan Somabattini
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Sahla Sherin
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Bhukya Siva
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Neelanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Satheesh Kumar Nanjappan
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
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295
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Li CY, Liao LJ, Yang SX, Wang LY, Chen H, Luo P, Huang GR, Huang YQ. Cinnamaldehyde: An effective component of Cinnamomum cassia inhibiting Helicobacter pylori. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118222. [PMID: 38663778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cinnamomum cassia Presl (Cinnamomum cassia) is a common traditional Chinese medicine, which can promote the secretion and digestion of gastric juice, improve the function of gastrointestinal tract. Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is a synthetic food flavoring in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to search for the active ingredient (CA) of inhibiting H. pylori from Cinnamomum cassia, and elucidate mechanism of action, so as to provide the experimental basis for the treatment of H. pylori infection with Cinnamomum cassia. MATERIALS AND METHODS It's in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties were evaluated based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and an acute gastric inflammation model in mice infected with H. pylori. Drug safety was evaluated using the CCK8 method and high-dose administration in mice. The advantageous characteristics of CA in inhibiting H. pylori were confirmed using acidic conditions and in combination with the antibiotics. The mechanism underlying the action of CA on H. pylori was explored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), adhesion experiments, biofilm inhibition tests, ATP and ROS release experiments, and drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) screening of target proteins. The protein function and target genes were verified by molecular docking and Real-Time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The results demonstrated that CA was found to be the main active ingredient against H. pylori in Cinnamomum cassia in-vitro tests, with a MIC of 8-16 μg/mL. Moreover, CA effectively inhibited both sensitive and resistant H. pylori strains. The dual therapy of PPI + CA exhibited remarkable in vivo efficacy in the acute gastritis mouse model, superior to the standard triple therapy. DARTS, molecular docking, and qRT-PCR results suggested that the target sites of action were closely associated with GyrA, GyrB, AtpA, and TopA, which made DNA replication and transcription impossible, then leading to inhibition of bacterial adhesion and colonization, suppression of biofilm formation, and inhibition ATP and enhancing ROS. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the suitability of CA as a promising lead drug against H. pylori, The main mechanisms can target GyrA ect, leading to reduce ATP and produce ROS, which induces the apoptosis of bacterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yan Li
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes With Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Clinical Prevention and Control Technology and Leading Drug for Microorganisms with Drug Resistance in Border Ethnic Areasn, Baise, 533000, China; Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Baise, 533000, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Li-Juan Liao
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes With Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Clinical Prevention and Control Technology and Leading Drug for Microorganisms with Drug Resistance in Border Ethnic Areasn, Baise, 533000, China; Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Shi-Xian Yang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes With Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Clinical Prevention and Control Technology and Leading Drug for Microorganisms with Drug Resistance in Border Ethnic Areasn, Baise, 533000, China; Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Lu-Yao Wang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes With Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Clinical Prevention and Control Technology and Leading Drug for Microorganisms with Drug Resistance in Border Ethnic Areasn, Baise, 533000, China; Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui Province, China
| | - Peipei Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wujin People's Hospital affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gan-Rong Huang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes With Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Clinical Prevention and Control Technology and Leading Drug for Microorganisms with Drug Resistance in Border Ethnic Areasn, Baise, 533000, China; Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Baise, 533000, China.
| | - Yan-Qiang Huang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes With Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Clinical Prevention and Control Technology and Leading Drug for Microorganisms with Drug Resistance in Border Ethnic Areasn, Baise, 533000, China; Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Baise, 533000, China.
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296
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Kim H, Xue H, Li X, Yue G, Zhu J, Eh T, Wang S, Jin LH. Orostachys malacophylla (pall.) fisch extracts alleviate intestinal inflammation in Drosophila. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118215. [PMID: 38641073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Orostachys malacophylla (Pall.) Fisch (O. malacophylla) is a succulent herbaceous plant that is the Orostachys genus of Crassulaceae family. O. malacophylla has been widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-febrile, antidote, anti-Toxoplasma gondii properties. However, the biological function of alleviating intestinal inflammation and key bioactive compounds were still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY We used a Drosophila model to study the protective effects and bioactive compounds of O. malacophylla water extract (OMWE) and butanol extract (OMBE) on intestinal inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Drosophila intestinal inflammation was induced by oral invasion of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) or Erwinia carotovora carotovora 15 (Ecc15). We revealed the protective effects of two extracts by determining intestinal reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antimicrobial peptide (AMP) levels and intestinal integrity, and using network pharmacology analysis to identify bioactive compounds. RESULTS We demonstrated that both OMWE and OMBE could ameliorate the detrimental effects of DSS, including a decreased survival rate, elevated ROS levels, increased cell death, excessive proliferation of ISCs, acid-base imbalance, and disruption of intestinal integrity. Moreover, the overabundance of lipid droplets (LDs) and AMPs by Ecc15 infection is mitigated by these extracts, thereby enhancing the flies' resistance to adverse stimuli. In addition, we used widely targeted metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis to identify bioactive compounds associated with IBD healing that are present in OMWE and OMBE. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our research indicates that OMWE and OMBE significantly mitigate intestinal inflammation and have the potential to be effective therapeutic agents for IBD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyonil Kim
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China; College of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
| | - Hongmei Xue
- Department of Children's Emergency Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Guanhua Yue
- Department of Basic Medical, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China.
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- Department of Basic Medical, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China.
| | - Tongju Eh
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China; College of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
| | - Sihong Wang
- Analysis and Test Center, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, PR China.
| | - Li Hua Jin
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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297
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Zhang S, Tian D, Xia Z, Yang F, Chen Y, Yao Z, He Y, Miao X, Zhou G, Yao X, Tang J. Chang-Kang-Fang alleviates diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) through inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118236. [PMID: 38670405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chang-Kang-Fang (CKF), originated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas, has been utilized to treat diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) based on clinical experience. However, the underlying mechanism of CKF for treating IBS-D remains unclear and need further clarification. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this present investigation was to validate the efficacy of CKF on IBS-D model rats and to uncover its potential mechanism for the treatment of IBS-D. MATERIALS AND METHODS We first established the IBS-D rat model through neonatal maternal separation (NMS) in combination with restraint stress (RS) and the administration of senna decoction via gavage. To confirm the therapeutic effect of CKF on treating IBS-D, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores, the quantity of fecal pellets, and the fecal water content (FWC) were measured to evaluate the influence of CKF on visceral hypersensitivity and the severity of diarrhea symptom after the intragastric administration of CKF for 14 days. Subsequently, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to assess the effect of CKF on neuropeptides substance P (SP) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), as well as inflammatory cytokines in serum and in intestinal tissues. Further, colonic pathological changes, the amount of colonic mast cells, and the expression level of occludin in rat colon tissues, were investigated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, toluidine blue staining, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. To explore the underlying mechanisms, alterations in colonic RNA transcriptomics for the normal, model, and CKF treatment groups were assessed using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Subsequently, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot (WB), and immunofluorescence (IF) assays were applied to validate the effect of CKF on predicted pathways in vivo and in vitro. In addition, to elucidate the potential active compounds in CKF, 11 representative components found in CKF were selected, and their anti-inflammation potentials were evaluated using LPS-treated RAW264.7 cell models. RESULTS CKF treatment significantly reduced the number of fecal pellets, attenuated visceral hypersensitivity, and decreased 5-HT and SP concentrations in serum and colon tissues, along with a reduction in colonic mast cell counts, correlating with improved symptoms in IBS-D rats. Meanwhile, CKF treatment reduced the colonic inflammatory cell infiltration, lowered the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in serum and colon tissues, and increased the occludin protein expression in colon tissues to improve inflammatory response and colonic barrier function. RNA-Seq, in conjugation with our previous network pharmacology analysis, indicated that CKF might mitigate the symptoms of IBS-D rats by inhibiting the Toll like receptor 4/Nuclear factor kappa-B/NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3) pathway, which was confirmed by WB, IF, and qRT-PCR experiments in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, coptisine, berberine, hyperoside, epicatechin, and gallic acid present in CKF emerged as potential active components for treating IBS-D, as they demonstrated in vitro anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that CKF effectively improves the symptoms of IBS-D rats, potentially through the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Moreover, this study unveils the potential bioactive components in CKF that could be applied in the treatment of IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Danmei Tian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zixuan Xia
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Fengge Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yi He
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300410, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Xinglong Miao
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300410, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Guirong Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300410, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Jinshan Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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298
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Dinat S, Orchard A, Van Vuuren S. Antimicrobial activity of Southern African medicinal plants on Helicobacter pylori and Lactobacillus species. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118238. [PMID: 38663780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Numerous medicinal plants have been used traditionally in South Africa for gastric ulcer treatment. Helicobacter pylori is known for causing inflammation and the onset of gastric ulcers. While several studies explored medicinal plants against H. pylori, investigation of medicinal plants used for gastric ulcers has been neglected, as well as the effects these plants would have on bacteria occurring naturally in the gut microbiome. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate Southern African medicinal plants used traditionally for treating gastric ulcers against H. pylori , as well as the effects that these plants have when combined with Lactobacillus species and tested against H. pylori. METHODOLOGY Based on evidence from the ethnobotanical literature, 21 plants were collected. Their antimicrobial activity was assessed against five clinical H. pylori strains, and in combination with each of three Lactobacillus species, using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) broth microdilution assays. Toxicity was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality assay. RESULTS Noteworthy activity was observed against at least one H. pylori strain for 12 plant species. The lowest mean MICs were from organic extracts of Carissa edulis Vahl (0.18 mg/mL) and Chironia baccifera L. (0.20 mg/mL), and aqueous extracts of Sansevieria hyacinthoides (L.) Druce (0.26 mg/mL) and Dodonaea viscosa Jacq. (0.30 mg/mL). Aqueous extracts of the investigated plants were combined with Lactobacillus species, and the majority of combinations showed increased antimicrobial activity compared with the extracts alone. Combinations of Lactobacillus rhamnosus with 18 of the 21 aqueous plant extracts showed at least a two-fold decrease in the mean MBC against all H. pylori strains tested. Lactobacillus acidophilus combined with either Protea repens L., Carpobrotus edulis (L.) L. Bolus or Warburgia salutaris (Bertol.f.) Chiov. aqueous extracts had the best anti-H. pylori activity (mean MBCs of 0.10 mg/mL for each combination). Only four organic and one aqueous extract(s) were considered toxic. CONCLUSION These results highlight the potential of medicinal plants to inhibit H. pylori growth and their role in traditional treatments for the management of ulcers. The results also indicate that aqueous extracts of these plants do not hinder the growth of bacteria that occur naturally in the gut microbiome and play a role in maintaining gut health, as well as show the potential benefit of including Lactobacillus species as potentiators of H. pylori activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dinat
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A Orchard
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - S Van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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299
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Shi H, Sun M, Wang S, He F, Yang R, Li Z, Chen W, Wang F. Jiawei Dachaihu decoction protects against mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerosis (AS) mice with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) via SIRT1/PGC-1α/TFAM/LON signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118150. [PMID: 38631487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE JiaWei DaChaiHu is composed of Bupleurum chinense, Scutellaria baicalensis, Pinellia ternata, Paeonia lactiflora, Zingiber officinaleRoscoe, Poncirus tuifoliata, Rheum palmatum L., Curcumae Radix, Herba Lysimachiae, Ziziphus. JiaWei DaChaiHu is one of the most common traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of depression. AIM OF THE STUDY The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) has been shown to promote atherosclerosis (AS). Dachaihu has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine and has been known to exert distinct pharmacological effects. This investigation aims to examine the therapeutic effect of Jiawei Dachaihu extract on AS animal models with CUMS. METHODS AS-CUMS mice model was established by Apoe-/- mice. Mice were treated with Jiawei Dachaihu. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels were measured using ELISA kits. Aortic tissue pathologic changes detected by oil red O staining. Mice behavioral changes detected by sucrose preference test and sucrose preference test. The relative mRNA expression levels of CRH, ND1, and TFAM were determined by qRT-PCR. 5-HT1A, BDNF, LON, TFAM, PGC-1α, and SIRT1 protein expression determined by western blotting. ATP content detected by ATP kits. RESULTS The treatment with Jiawei Dachaihu extract alleviated the veins plaque and reduced stress signs in vitro and in vivo. It increased the ATP and HDL-C levels while decreased the TC, TG, LDL-C levels. Jiawei Dachaihu extract treatment upregulated Lon, SIRT1, TFAM, PGC-1α, BDNF, and 5-HT1A protein expression and regained mitochondrial function. CONCLUSION Jiawei Dachaihu extract could alleviate AS and reduce CUMS by upregulating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling and promoted its crosstalk with Lon protein to maintain mitochondrial stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Fanyu He
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ronglai Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Fengrong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
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300
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Zhong Y, Li J, Zhu X, Huang N, Liu R, Sun R. A comprehensive review of bupleuri radix and its bioactive components: with a major focus on treating chronic liver diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118244. [PMID: 38663781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bupleuri Radix (BR) has been recognized as an essential herbal medicine for relieving liver depression for thousands of years. Contemporary research has provided compelling evidence of its pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, metabolic regulation, and anticancer properties, positioning it as a promising treatment option for various liver diseases. Hepatitis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer are among the prevalent and impactful liver diseases worldwide. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive systematic reviews that explore the prescription, bio-active components, and underlying mechanisms of BR in treating liver diseases. AIM OF THE REVIEW To summarize the BR classical Chinese medical prescription and ingredients in treating liver diseases and their mechanisms to inform reference for further development and research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature in the last three decades of BR and its classical Chinese medical prescription and ingredients were collated and summarized by searching PubMed, Wiley, Springer, Google Scholar, Web of Science, CNKI, etc. RESULTS: BR and its classical prescriptions, such as Xiao Chai Hu decoction, Da Chai Hu decoction, Si Ni San, and Chai Hu Shu Gan San, have been utilized for centuries as effective therapies for liver diseases, including hepatitis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. BR is a rich source of active ingredients, such as saikosaponins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, sterols, organic acids, and so on. These bioactive compounds exhibit a wide range of beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and lipid metabolism regulation. However, it is important to acknowledge that BR and its constituents can also possess hepatotoxicity, which is associated with cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes and oxidative stress. Therefore, caution should be exercised when using BR in therapeutic applications to ensure the safe and appropriate utilization of its potential benefits while minimizing any potential risks. CONCLUSIONS To sum up, BR, its compounds, and its based traditional Chinese medicine are effective in liver diseases through multiple targets, multiple pathways, and multiple effects. Advances in pharmacological and toxicological investigations of BR and its bio-active components in the future will provide further contributions to the discovery of novel therapeutics for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhong
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China.
| | - Jianchao Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China.
| | - Nana Huang
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China.
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Rong Sun
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Ave, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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