251
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Sendra M, Pereiro P, Yeste MP, Mercado L, Figueras A, Novoa B. Size matters: Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model to study toxicity of nanoplastics from cells to the whole organism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115769. [PMID: 33070068 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of the aquatic environment by plastic nanoparticles is becoming a major concern due to their potential adverse effects in aquatic biota. Therefore, in-depth knowledge of their uptake, trafficking and effects at cellular and systemic levels is essential to understand their potential impacts for aquatic species. In this work, zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used as a model and our aims were: i) to determine the distribution, uptake, trafficking, degradation and genotoxicity of polystyrene (PS) NPs of different sizes in a zebrafish cell line; ii) to study PS NPs accumulation, migration of immune cells and genotoxicity in larvae exposed to PS NPs; and iii) to assess how PS NPs condition the survival of zebrafish larvae exposed to a pathogen and/or how they impact the resistance of an immunodeficient zebrafish. Our results revealed that the cellular distribution differed depending on the particle size: the 50 nm PS NPs were more homogeneously distributed in the cytoplasm and the 1 μM PS NPs more agglomerated. The main endocytic mechanisms for the uptake of NPs were dynamin-dependent internalization for the 50 nm NPs and phagocytosis for the 1 μm nanoparticles. In both cases, degradation in lysosomes was the main fate of the PS NPs, which generated alkalinisation and modified cathepsin genes expression. These effects at cellular level agree with the results in vivo, since lysosomal alkalization increases oxidative stress and vice versa. Nanoparticles mainly accumulated in the gut, where they triggered reactive oxygen species, decreased expression of the antioxidant gene catalase and induced migration of immune cells. Finally, although PS NPs did not induce mortality in wild-type larvae, immunodeficient and infected larvae had decreased survival upon exposure to PS NPs. This fact could be explained by the mechanical disruption and/or the oxidative damage caused by these NPs that increase their susceptibility to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sendra
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - P Pereiro
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - M P Yeste
- Department of Material Science, Metallurgical Engineering and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - L Mercado
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - A Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
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252
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Yang Y, Wu Q, Wang D. Epigenetic response to nanopolystyrene in germline of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111404. [PMID: 33002821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) provide an epigenetic regulation mechanism for the response to environmental toxicants. mir-38, a germline miRNA, was increased by exposure to nanopolystyrene (100 nm). In this study, we further found that germline overexpression of mir-38 decreased expressions of nhl-2 encoding a miRISC cofactor, ndk-1 encoding a homolog of NM23-H1, and wrt-3 encoding a homolog of PPIL-2. Meanwhile, germline-specific RNAi knockdown of nhl-2, ndk-1, or wrt-3 caused the resistance to nanopolystyrene toxicity. Additionally, mir-38 overexpression suppressed the resistance of nematodes overexpressing germline nhl-2, ndk-1, or wrt-3 containing 3'UTR, suggesting the role of NHL-2, NDK-1, and WRT-3 as the targets of germline mir-38 in regulating the response to nanopolystyrene. Moreover, during the control of response to nanopolystyrene, EKL-1, a Tudor domain protein, was identified as the downstream target of germline NHL-2, kinase suppressors of Ras (KSR-1 and KSR-2) were identified as the downstream targets of germline NDK-1, and ASP-2, a homolog of BACE1, was identified as the downstream target of germline WRT-3. Our results raised a mir-38-mediated molecular network in the germline in response to nanopolystyrene in nematodes. Our data provided an important basis for our understanding the response of germline of organisms to nanoplastic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen 518122, China.
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253
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Chouryal YN, Nema S, Sharma RK, Kewat HL, Pandey A, Ghosh P, Bhargava Y. The nano-bio interactions of rare-earth doped BaF 2 nanophosphors shape the developmental processes of zebrafish. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:6730-6740. [PMID: 33111724 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01282c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles with biomedical applications should be evaluated for their biocompatibility. Rare-earth doped nanoparticles with unique spectral properties are superior in vivo optical probes in comparison with quantum dots and organic dyes, however, studies describing their nano-bio interactions are still limited. Here, we have evaluated the nano-bio interactions of green-synthesized, phase-pure BaF2 nanoparticles doped with rare-earth (RE3+ = Ce3+/Tb3+) ions using larval zebrafish. We found that zebrafish can tolerate a wide concentration range of these nanoparticles, as the maximal lethality was observed at very high concentrations (more than 200 mg L-1) upon five days of continuous exposure. At a concentration of 10 mg L-1, at which Zn2+, Ti4+ and Ag+ nanoparticles are reported to be lethal to developing zebrafish, continuous exposure to our nanoparticles for four days produced no developmental anomalies, craniofacial defects, cardiac toxicity or behavioural abnormalities in the developing zebrafish larvae. We have also found that the doping of rare-earth ions has no major effect on these biomarkers. Interestingly, the function of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the cellular metabolic activity of whole zebrafish larvae remained unchanged, even during continuous exposure to these nanoparticles at 150 mg L-1 for four days; however, severe developmental toxicities were evident at this high concentration. Based on these results, we can conclude that the biocompatibility of rare-earth doped nanoparticles is concentration dependent. Not all biomarkers are sensitive to these nanoparticles. The high concentration-dependent toxicity occurs through a mechanism distinct from changes in the metabolic or AChE activity. The significance of these findings lies in using these nanoparticles for bioimaging applications and biomarker studies, especially for prolonged exposure times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Nath Chouryal
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar-470003, M.P., India.
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254
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Santos D, Félix L, Luzio A, Parra S, Cabecinha E, Bellas J, Monteiro SM. Toxicological effects induced on early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) after an acute exposure to microplastics alone or co-exposed with copper. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:127748. [PMID: 32738713 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Data about the toxicological interactions of MPs and heavy metals in biota is limited, particularly in fish early life stages. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicological effects of MPs and copper (Cu), alone or combined, in zebrafish early life stages. Embryos were exposed from 2 until 96-h post-fertilization (hpf) to MPs (2 mg/L), three sub-lethal concentrations of Cu (15, 60 and 125 μg/L) and binary mixtures containing Cu and MPs (Cu15+MPs, Cu60+MPs, Cu125+MPs). Lethal and sub-lethal parameters, histopathological changes, biochemical biomarkers, gene expression and behavior were assessed. Our findings showed that Cu and Cu + MPs decreased embryos survival and hatching rate. Increased ROS levels were observed in larvae exposed to the two lowest Cu and Cu + MPs groups, suggesting an induction of oxidative stress. An increased CAT and GPx activities were observed in Cu and Cu + MPs, implying a response of the antioxidant defense system to overcome the metal and MPs stress. The sod1 expression was downregulated in all Cu groups and in the two highest Cu + MPs exposed groups. AChE was significantly inhibited in Cu and Cu + MPs groups, indicating neurotoxicity. A disruption of avoidance and social behaviors were also noticed in the Cu125 and Cu125+MPs exposed larvae. Evidences of Cu-toxicity modulation by MPs were observed in some endpoints. Overall, the findings of this study highlight that Cu alone or co-exposed with MPs lead to oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and ultimately behavioral alterations in early life stages of zebrafish, while MPs alone do not produce significant effects on zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dércia Santos
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Luís Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Laboratory Animal Science, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, nº 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Luzio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Susana Parra
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Edna Cabecinha
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Juan Bellas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain
| | - Sandra M Monteiro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
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255
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Yang T, Nowack B. A Meta-analysis of Ecotoxicological Hazard Data for Nanoplastics in Marine and Freshwater Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:2588-2598. [PMID: 33002218 PMCID: PMC7756468 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There is emerging concern about the potential health and environmental impacts of nanoplastics in the environment. Information on exposure has been lacking, but a growing amount of ecotoxicological hazard data is now available, allowing a hazard assessment to be conducted for nanoplastics in freshwater and marine systems. Based on a critical evaluation of published studies and the construction of probabilistic species sensitivity distributions (PSSDs), we present a comprehensive, state-of-the-art understanding of nanoplastic ecotoxicity. Different freshwater and marine datasets were constructed based on different data quality levels, and for each of the datasets, PSSDs were built for both mass- and particle number-based concentrations. Predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) were then extracted from the PSSDs. We report PNECs at 99 and 72 μg L-1 , respectively, for the freshwater and marine dataset after the removal of data measured in the presence of sodium azide (NaN3 ), which is considered to be a major interfering factor in the ecotoxicity testing of nanoplastics. By comparing the PNECs, we found that nanoplastics are less toxic than microplastics and many engineered nanomaterials. In addition, the effects of size and polymer type on toxicity were also statistically tested. We observed no significant difference in ecotoxicity for nanoplastics of different sizes, whereas polystyrene nanoplastics were significantly more toxic than all other tested nanoplastics. In conclusion, the results we present provide a comprehensive description of nanoplastic ecotoxicity based on current knowledge. The results constitute a fundamental step toward an environmental risk assessment for nanoplastics in freshwater and marine systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2588-2598. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yang
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologySt. GallenSwitzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologySt. GallenSwitzerland
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256
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Eliso MC, Bergami E, Manfra L, Spagnuolo A, Corsi I. Toxicity of nanoplastics during the embryogenesis of the ascidian Ciona robusta (Phylum Chordata). Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:1415-1431. [PMID: 33186509 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1838650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanoplastics are considered contaminants of emerging concern at the global scale. The recent evidence of their occurrence in seawater from the Mediterranean Sea calls for a thorough evaluation of their impact on marine life and in particular on vulnerable life stages such as planktonic embryos. Here, we investigated the impact of increasing nominal concentrations of 50 nm amino-modified (PS-NH2) and 60 nm carboxy-modified (PS-COOH) polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) on the embryonic development of the ascidian Ciona robusta (phylum Chordata), a common benthic invertebrate living in Mediterranean coastal areas with the peculiarity of being an early chordate developmental model. A strong agglomeration of PS-COOH (approx. 1 µm) was observed in natural sea water (NSW) already at time 0, while PS-NH2 resulted still monodispersed (approx. 130 nm) but largely aggregated after 22 h with a microscale dimension similar to those negatively charged. However, their effect on C. robusta embryos development largely differed at 22 h: PS-COOH did not affect larvae phenotypes nor their development, while PS-NH2 caused a dose-dependent effect (EC50 (22 h) of 7.52 μg mL-1) with various degrees of phenotype malformations (from mild to severe) and impairment of larval swimming. Embryos (up to 30%) exposed to 15 µg mL-1 PS-NH2 resulted not developed and the majority was unable to hatch. Calculated PS-NH2 EC50 resulted higher than those available for other marine invertebrate species, suggesting a protective role of the egg envelopes surrounding C. robusta embryos toward nanoplastics exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Concetta Eliso
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa Bergami
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Loredana Manfra
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy.,Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Spagnuolo
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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257
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Zou W, Xia M, Jiang K, Cao Z, Zhang X, Hu X. Photo-Oxidative Degradation Mitigated the Developmental Toxicity of Polyamide Microplastics to Zebrafish Larvae by Modulating Macrophage-Triggered Proinflammatory Responses and Apoptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:13888-13898. [PMID: 33078945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the environment and pose substantial threats to the water ecosystem. However, the impact of natural aging of MPs on their toxicity has rarely been considered. This study found that visible light irradiation with hydrogen peroxide at environmentally relevant concentration for 90 days significantly altered the physicochemical properties and mitigated the toxicity of polyamide (PA) fragments to infantile zebrafish. The size of PA particles was reduced from ∼8.13 to ∼6.37 μm, and nanoparticles were produced with a maximum yield of 5.03%. The end amino groups were volatilized, and abundant oxygen-containing groups (e.g., hydroxyl and carboxyl) and carbon-centered free radicals were generated, improving the hydrophilicity and colloidal stability of degraded MPs. Compared with pristine PA, the depuration of degraded MPs mediated by multixenobiotics resistance was much quicker, leading to markedly lower bioaccumulation in fish and weaker inhibition on musculoskeletal development. By integrating transcriptomics and transgenic zebrafish [Tg(lyz:EGFP)] tests, differences in macrophages-triggered proinflammatory effects, apoptosis via IL-17 signaling pathway, and antioxidant damages were identified as the underlying mechanisms for the attenuated toxicity of degraded MPs. This work highlights the importance of natural degradation on the toxicity of MPs, which has great implications for risk assessment of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zou
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Mengli Xia
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhiguo Cao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xingli Zhang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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258
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Gu L, Tian L, Gao G, Peng S, Zhang J, Wu D, Huang J, Hua Q, Lu T, Zhong L, Fu Z, Pan X, Qian H, Sun L. Inhibitory effects of polystyrene microplastics on caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:114664. [PMID: 32768670 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is pervasive in aquatic environments, but the potential effects of microplastics on aquatic organisms are still under debate. Given that tissue damage is unavoidable in fish and the available data mostly concentrate on healthy fish, there is a large chance that the ecotoxicological risk of microplastic pollution is underrated. Therefore, in this study, the effects of microplastics on the regenerative capacity of injured fish were investigated using a zebrafish caudal fin regeneration model. After fin amputation at 72 h post fertilization, the larvae were exposed to polystyrene microplastics (0.1-10 mg/L) with diameters of 50 or 500 nm. Microplastic exposure significantly inhibited fin regeneration, both morphologically and functionally. Furthermore, the signaling networks that regulate fin regeneration, as well as reactive oxygen species signaling and the immune response, both of which are essential for tissue repair and regeneration, were altered. Transcriptomic analyses of the regenerating fin confirmed that genes related to fin regeneration were transcriptionally modulated in response to microplastic exposure and that metabolic pathways were also extensively involved. In conclusion, this study demonstrated for the first time that microplastic exposure could disrupt the regenerative capacity of fish and might eventually impair their fitness in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqi Gu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Li Tian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Gan Gao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Shaohong Peng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Jieyu Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Jing Huang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Qing Hua
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Li Zhong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Liwei Sun
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China.
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259
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Pedersen AF, Meyer DN, Petriv AMV, Soto AL, Shields JN, Akemann C, Baker BB, Tsou WL, Zhang Y, Baker TR. Nanoplastics impact the zebrafish (Danio rerio) transcriptome: Associated developmental and neurobehavioral consequences. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115090. [PMID: 32693326 PMCID: PMC7492438 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are a ubiquitous pollutant detected not only in marine and freshwater bodies, but also in tap and bottled water worldwide. While MPs have been extensively studied, the toxicity of their smaller counterpart, nanoplastics (NPs), is not well documented. Despite likely large-scale human and animal exposure to NPs, the associated health risks remain unclear, especially during early developmental stages. To address this, we investigated the health impacts of exposures to both 50 and 200 nm polystyrene NPs in larval zebrafish. From 6 to 120 h post-fertilization (hpf), developing zebrafish were exposed to a range of fluorescent NPs (10-10,000 parts per billion). Dose-dependent increases in accumulation were identified in exposed larval fish, potentially coinciding with an altered behavioral response as evidenced through swimming hyperactivity. Notably, exposures did not impact mortality, hatching rate, or deformities; however, transcriptomic analysis suggests neurodegeneration and motor dysfunction at both high and low concentrations. Furthermore, results of this study suggest that NPs can accumulate in the tissues of larval zebrafish, alter their transcriptome, and affect behavior and physiology, potentially decreasing organismal fitness in contaminated ecosystems. The uniquely broad scale of this study during a critical window of development provides crucial multidimensional characterization of NP impacts on human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam F Pedersen
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 6135 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Danielle N Meyer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 6135 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA; Department of Pharmacology - School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 28201, USA
| | - Anna-Maria V Petriv
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 6135 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Abraham L Soto
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 6135 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Jeremiah N Shields
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 6135 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Camille Akemann
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 6135 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA; Department of Pharmacology - School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 28201, USA
| | - Bridget B Baker
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 6135 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Wei-Ling Tsou
- Department of Pharmacology - School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 28201, USA
| | - Yongli Zhang
- College of Engineering, Wayne State University, 5050 Anthony Wayne Dr, Detroit, MI, 28201, USA
| | - Tracie R Baker
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 6135 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA; Department of Pharmacology - School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 28201, USA.
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260
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Khosrovyan A, Gabrielyan B, Kahru A. Ingestion and effects of virgin polyamide microplastics on Chironomus riparius adult larvae and adult zebrafish Danio rerio. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 259:127456. [PMID: 32593829 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Secondary microplastics (MP) produced by fragmentation of plastic in the environment or as a result of human activities can easily be taken up by organisms. The harmful effects of MP depend on e.g., the type, dimensions, sorption capacity and concentration of MP. In this study the ingestion of virgin irregularly-shaped polyamide microplastics (PA-MP; up to180 μm) by two different species was evaluated: 3rd - 4th instar larvae of midge Chironomus riparius and adult fish Danio rerio. More specifically, in the case of C. riparius larvae their feeding strategy, i.e. the ability to differentiate between food and non-food material (PA-MP) and the impact of pseudo-satiation by PA-MP on larval growth, development and emergence was evaluated. Two feeding regimes (with and without food supply) and two PA-MP concentrations (100 mg kg-1 and 1000 mg kg-1) were applied. Fish were exposed to two PA-MP concentrations (30 and 330 mg L-1) for 48 h followed by 48 h of depuration. The fish were fed during both periods. Both, chironomid larvae and adult zebrafish actively ingested PA-MP. Remarkably more PA-MP was ingested when larvae were not fed during the exposure to PA-MP. In the case of fish, the ingested particles were effectively evacuated from the gastrointestinal tract. Even the highest PA-MP concentrations did not cause obvious harmful effects to either species. The obtained data are informative for risk evaluation of PA-MP as polyamide is registered in the database of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) in the framework of the EU's REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization & Restriction of Chemicals) regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Khosrovyan
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, 23 Akadeemia tee, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Bardukh Gabrielyan
- Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology, National Academy of Sciences of Armenia. 7 Paruyr Sevak, 0014, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Anne Kahru
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, 23 Akadeemia tee, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia; Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, 10130, Tallinn, Estonia.
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261
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Jakubowska M, Białowąs M, Stankevičiūtė M, Chomiczewska A, Pažusienė J, Jonko-Sobuś K, Hallmann A, Urban-Malinga B. Effects of chronic exposure to microplastics of different polymer types on early life stages of sea trout Salmo trutta. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:139922. [PMID: 32927534 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a long-term (113 days) exposure to microplastics on the development and induction of endocrine, geno- and cytotoxic responses in early life stages of sea trout Salmo trutta. Microplastic particles (3000 μm) of three most commonly mass-produced polymers (polystyrene - PS, polyethylene terephthalate - PET and polyethylene - PE) were applied in environmentally realistic concentrations (0.1% of sediment dry weight) in a laboratory experiment imitating the natural environment, typical for sea trout spawning grounds. The exposure of the sea trout, from fertilized eggs to mobile yolk-sac larvae, to microplastics did not affect the hatching success (the survival of embryos), hatching rate and the incubation period. Microplastics of any tested polymer type also had no adverse effect on the larvae survival, growth rate and the rate of yolk sack absorption. Similarly, no changes in frequencies of detected cytotoxicity endpoints compared to the control group were recorded. Exposure to polymer particles induced however the formation of genotoxicity endpoints (nuclear buds, micronuclei and blebbed nuclei cells). The level of total genotoxicity (ΣGentox) in fish larvae erythrocytes increased significantly in the following sequence: PS > PET > PE. No significant changes in the whole body corticosterone, dehydrocorticosterone and cortisone concentrations due to exposure to microplastics were recorded, while cortisol was detected in larvae exposed to PS. Our results show that long-term, non-ingestion related exposure to microplastics does not affect development of S. trutta early life stages but may lead to genotoxic responses. PS seems to be the most hazardous among all polymers studied. This is the first study demonstrating non-ingestion related toxicity of microplastics to the early life stages of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jakubowska
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Marcin Białowąs
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Milda Stankevičiūtė
- Laboratory of Genotoxicology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos st. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agnieszka Chomiczewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Janina Pažusienė
- Laboratory of Genotoxicology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos st. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Karolina Jonko-Sobuś
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Anna Hallmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
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Tiwari E, Singh N, Khandelwal N, Monikh FA, Darbha GK. Application of Zn/Al layered double hydroxides for the removal of nano-scale plastic debris from aqueous systems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 397:122769. [PMID: 32422514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nano-scale plastic debris (NPDs) are emerging as potential contaminants as they can be easily ingested by aquatic organisms and carry many pollutants in the environment. This study is aimed to remove NPDs from aqueous environment for the first time by using eco-friendly adsorption techniques. Initially, the interaction between NPDs and synthesized Zn-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) was confirmed by pH titration of Zn-Al LDH against NPDs at varying mass ratio (50:1 to 50:7) and FTIR analysis for both before and after 2 h of contact time. Fast removal was observed in deionized water and synthetic freshwater with maximum sorption capacity (Qmax) of 164.49 mg/g,162.62 mg/g, respectively, according to Sips isotherm. Whereas, removal was least in synthetic hard water having a Qmax value of 53 mg/g. For 2 mM concentration of SO42- and PO43-, the adsorption capacity significantly decreased to 2%. The removal efficiency was found 100 % at pH 4, while at pH 9, it reached 37 % due to increased competitive binding and destabilization of LDH under alkaline conditions. The process of sorption was spontaneous in different types of water studied. The study reveals that Zn-Al LDH can be used as potential adsorbent for the removal of NPDs from freshwater systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Tiwari
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Nisha Singh
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Nitin Khandelwal
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Fazel Abdolahpur Monikh
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gopala Krishna Darbha
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India; Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
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263
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Gu H, Wang S, Wang X, Yu X, Hu M, Huang W, Wang Y. Nanoplastics impair the intestinal health of the juvenile large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 397:122773. [PMID: 32361245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become a severe concern in marine environment worldwide. Micro-polystyrene particles have been proved to accumulate in vivo and caused disorders of digestion, antioxidant system, immunity and intestinal microflora, but little is known about the effects of nano-polystyrene (nano-PS). In order to understand response mechanism of marine fish to nano-PS, the effects of nanoplastics on the intestinal health and growth performance of the juvenile Larimichthys crocea were investigated. After 14-d exposure, the reduced digestive enzyme activities indicated that nano-PS had a negative impact on the digestion and absorption of juvenile fish. Moreover, analysis of the intestinal microbiota showed that the proportion of the three-dominant bacterial phyla (Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes) in the gut changed significantly, accompanied by a significant increase of potentially pathogenic bacteria (Parabacteroides and Alistipes). In addition, lysozyme activity and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly reduced, and total mortality of juvenile fish was significantly increased. Overall, nano-PS exposure was harmful for the health of juvenile fish, which might threaten their population in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Shixiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xinghuo Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| | - Youji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.
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264
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Hu M, Palić D. Micro- and nano-plastics activation of oxidative and inflammatory adverse outcome pathways. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101620. [PMID: 32863185 PMCID: PMC7767742 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have attracted considerable attention in the recent years as potential threats to the ecosystem and public health. This review summarizes current knowledge of pathological events triggered by micro- and nano-plastics (MP/NPs) with focus on oxidative damages at different levels of biological complexity (molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, individual and population). Based on published information, we matched the apical toxicity endpoints induced by MP/NPs with key event (KE) or adverse outcomes (AO) and categorized them according to the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) online knowledgebase. We used existing AOPs and applied them to highlight formal mechanistic links between identified KEs and AOs in two possible scenarios: first from ecological, and second from public health perspective. Ecological perspective AOP based literature analysis revealed that MP/NPs share formation of reactive oxygen species as their molecular initiating event, leading to adverse outcomes such as growth inhibition and behavior alteration through oxidative stress cascades and inflammatory responses. Application of AOP on literature data related to public health perspective of MP/NPs showed that oxidative stress and its responding pathways, including inflammatory responses, could play the role of key events. However insufficient information prevented precise definitions of AOPs at this level. To overcome this knowledge gap, further mammalian model and epidemiological studies are necessary to support development and construction of detailed AOPs with public health focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyan Hu
- Chair for Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dušan Palić
- Chair for Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
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265
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Chousidis I, Stalikas CD, Leonardos ID. Induced toxicity in early-life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio) and its behavioral analysis after exposure to non-doped, nitrogen-doped and nitrogen, sulfur-co doped carbon quantum dots. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 79:103426. [PMID: 32473422 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of doping of CQDs with alternative functional groups (dopants) were evaluated through embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio). The CQDs were synthesized using simple and low-cost sources: Non-doped (citric acid was used as the carbon source), nitrogen-doped (N-doped) and nitrogen, sulfur-co-doped (N,S-doped). The CQDs induced significant toxicity to zebrafish (>150 μg/mL) and the toxic effects were dose-dependent. The N,S-doped CQDs were the most toxic (LD50 = 149.92 μg/mL), followed by the N-doped CQDs (LD50 = 399.95 μg/mL) while the non-doped CQDs were the least toxic (LD50 = 548.48 μg/mL) of the three. The growth rate (GR) was affected following the toxicity pattern (GRNS-doped<GRN-doped<GRnon-doped <GRblanc), which, in turn, greatly depends on the type of dopant. Morphological malformations, such as pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, tail and spinal curvature were observed to zebrafish embryos as the toxicity, concentration and exposure time to the nanomaterial increased. Behavioral analysis showed that locomotor activity increases as the toxicity of the nanomaterial rises. The differences in toxicity, growth rate and malfunctions of CQDs were attributed to their doping with different heteroatoms. The N,S-doped CQDs, unequivocally, exhibited the most pronounced effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieremias Chousidis
- Laboratory of Zoology, Biological Applications and Technology Department, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Constantine D Stalikas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Ioannis D Leonardos
- Laboratory of Zoology, Biological Applications and Technology Department, University of Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
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266
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Li Z, Zhu S, Liu Q, Wei J, Jin Y, Wang X, Zhang L. Polystyrene microplastics cause cardiac fibrosis by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and promoting cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:115025. [PMID: 32806417 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are new persistent organic pollutants derived from the degradation of plastics. They can accumulate along the food chain and enter the human body through oral administration, inhalation and dermal exposure. To identify the impact of Polystyrene (PS) MPs on the cardiovascular system and the underlying toxicological mechanism, 32 male Wister rats were divided into control group and three model groups, which were exposed to 0.5 μm PS MPs at 0.5, 5 and 50 mg/L for 90 days. Our results suggested that PS MPs exposure increased Troponin I and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) levels in serum, resulted in structure damage and apoptosis of myocardium, and led to collagen proliferation of heart. Moreover, PS MPs could induce oxidative stress and thus activate fibrosis-related Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results suggested that PS MPs could lead to cardiovascular toxicity by inducing cardiac fibrosis via activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway and myocardium apoptosis triggered by oxidative stress. The present study provided some novelty evidence to elucidate the potential mechanism of cardiovascular toxicity induced by PS MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekang Li
- College of Clinical Medicine, Bin Zhou Medical University, Yan Tai, PR China
| | - Shuxiang Zhu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Bin Zhou Medical University, Yan Tai, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Bin Zhou Medical University, Yan Tai, PR China
| | - Jialiu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yinchuan Jin
- Department of Medical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xifeng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yu Huang Ding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, PR China
| | - Lianshuang Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, PR China.
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267
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Transport of PEGylated-PLA nanoparticles across a blood brain barrier model, entry into neuronal cells and in vivo brain bioavailability. J Control Release 2020; 328:679-695. [PMID: 32979453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Treatments of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are severely hampered by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) precluding efficient brain drug delivery. The development of drug nanocarriers aims at increasing the brain therapeutic index would represent a real progress in brain disease management. PEGylated polyester nanoparticles (NPs) are intensively tested in clinical trials for improved drug delivery. Our working hypothesis was that some surface parameters and size of NPs could favor their penetration across the BBB and their neuronal uptake. Polymeric material PEG-b-PLA diblocks were synthesized by ring opening polymerisation (ROP) with PEG2000 or PEG5000. A library of polymeric PEG-b-PLA diblocks NPs with different physicochemical properties was produced. The toxicity, endocytosis and transcytosis through the brain microvascular endothelial cells were monitored as well as the neuronal cells uptake. In vitro results lead to the identification of favourable surface parameters for the NPs endocytosis into vascular endothelial cells. NPs endocytosis took place mainly by macropinocytosis while transcytosis was partially controlled by their surface chemistry and size. In vivo assays on a zebrafish model showed that the kinetic of NPs in circulation is dependent on PEG coating properties. In vivo findings also showed a low but similar translocation of PEG-b-PLA diblocks NPs to the CNS, regardless of their properties. In conclusion, modulation of surface PEG chain length and NPs size impact the endocytosis rate of NPs but have little influence on cell barriers translocation; while in vivo biodistribution is influenced by surface PEG chain density.
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268
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Qiu Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Wang D. Intestinal mir-794 responds to nanopolystyrene by linking insulin and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110857. [PMID: 32534332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is sensitive to toxicity of environmental pollutants. The alteration in expression of mir-794, a microRNA (miRNA) molecule, mediated a protective response to nanopolystyene (100 nm) at predicted environmental concentration (1 μg/L) in nematodes. However, the underlying molecular basis for mir-794 function in regulating the response to nanopolystyrene remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that intestinal overexpression of mir-794 caused the susceptibility to nanopolystyrene toxicity, suggesting that mir-794 acted in the intestine to regulate the response to nanopolystyrene. Intestinal overexpression of mir-794 further decreased the expressions of daf-16 encoding a FOXO transcriptional factor in insulin signaling pathway, skn-1 encoding a Nrf transcriptional factor in p38 MAPK signaling pathway, and mdt-15 encoding a lipid metabolic sensor acting downstream of SKN-1 in nanopolystyrene exposed nematodes. Meanwhile, intestinal overexpression of mir-794 could suppress the resistance of nematodes overexpressing intestinal daf-16, skn-1, or mdt-15 containing the corresponding 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) to nanopolystyrene toxicity. Therefore, DAF-16, SKN-1, and MDT-15 acted as the downstream targets of intestinal mir-794 to regulate the response to nanopolystyrene. In the intestine, DAF-16 functioned synergistically with SKN-1 or MDT-15 to regulate the response to nanopolystyrene. Our results suggested that the intestinal mir-794 provided an important epigenetic regulation mechanism to control the response to nanopolystyrene by linking insulin and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yaqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yunhui Li
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen, 518122, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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269
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Chen JC, Chen MY, Fang C, Zheng RH, Jiang YL, Zhang YS, Wang KJ, Bailey C, Segner H, Bo J. Microplastics negatively impact embryogenesis and modulate the immune response of the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 158:111349. [PMID: 32573451 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is an emerging contaminant in aquatic environments worldwide. Nonetheless, the developmental toxicity of MPs in the early life stages of fish and the mechanisms involved are not yet fully understood. The present study investigated the effects of different concentrations of polystyrene (PS) MPs on the early development of the marine model fish the medaka Oryzias melastigma. Our results showed that waterborne exposure to PS MPs significantly delayed the hatching time, altered the heartbeat and decreased the hatching rate of embryos. Furthermore, the genes involved in cardiac development, encoding for embryo-hatching enzymes, as well as inflammatory responses were significantly upregulated. The transcriptome results showed that mainly the pathways involved in metabolism, immune response, genetic information processing and diseases were significantly enriched. These results demonstrate that PS MPs negatively impact embryogenesis and the immune response of O. melastigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Can Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Meng-Yun Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rong-Hui Zheng
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yu-Lu Jiang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Christyn Bailey
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jun Bo
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China.
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270
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Self-assembled natural phytochemicals for synergistically antibacterial application from the enlightenment of traditional Chinese medicine combination. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1784-1795. [PMID: 33088696 PMCID: PMC7564035 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology for antimicrobial delivery has capacity to improve antibacterial efficacy. Currently, the usage of various inorganic and organic carriers, such as metal ions, nano-silicon and surfactants, might increase the potential toxicity of nanoparticles and make their clinical transformation more difficult. Herein, a nano-delivery system was constructed by direct self-assembly of antibacterial phytochemicals (berberine and rhein) originated from traditional Chinese medicine Coptis chinensis Franch. and Rheum palmatum L., respectively. Combining X-ray single crystal diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance and other spectra characterizations, the stacked structure of nanoparticles was profoundly demonstrated. Briefly, rhein acted as the layered backbone and berberine embedded in it. In vitro bacteriostasis experiment showed the minimum bactericidal concentration of nanoparticles was 0.1 μmol/mL, which was lower than that of berberine and rhein. The results of confocal laser scanning microscope, biofilm quantitive assay and scanning electron microscopy indicated that nanoparticles had strong inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. More importantly, transmission electron microscopy and mass spectra indicated the further bacteriostatic mechanism of nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the nanoparticles had well biocompatibility and safety. Current study will open up new prospect that the design of self-assemblies between active phytochemicals can be originated from traditional Chinese medicine combination.
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271
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Pereira AC, Gonçalves BB, Brito RDS, Vieira LG, Lima ECDO, Rocha TL. Comparative developmental toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles and ferric chloride to zebrafish (Danio rerio) after static and semi-static exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126792. [PMID: 32957266 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are used in several medical and environmental applications, but their mechanism of action and hazardous effects to early developmental stages of fish remain unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the developmental toxicity of citrate-functionalized IONPs (γ-Fe2O3 NPs), in comparison with its dissolved counterpart, in zebrafish (Danio rerio) after static and semi-static exposure. Embryos were exposed to environmental concentrations of both iron forms (0.3, 0.6, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg L-1) during 144 h, jointly with negative control group. The interaction and distribution of both Fe forms on the external chorion and larvae surface were measured, following by multiple biomarker assessment (mortality, hatching rate, neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, morphological alterations and 12 morphometrics parameters). Results showed that IONPs were mainly accumulated on the zebrafish chorion, and in the digestive system and liver of the larvae. Although the IONPs induced low embryotoxicity compared to iron ions in both exposure conditions, these nanomaterials induced sublethal effects, mainly cardiotoxic effects (reduced heartbeat, blood accumulation in the heart and pericardial edema). The semi-static exposure to both iron forms induced high embryotoxicity compared to static exposure, indicating that the nanotoxicity to early developmental stages of fish depends on the exposure system. This is the first study concerning the role of the exposure condition on the developmental toxicity of IONPs on fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryelle Canedo Pereira
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bastos Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rafaella da Silva Brito
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Gonçalves Vieira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil.
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272
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Gangadoo S, Owen S, Rajapaksha P, Plaisted K, Cheeseman S, Haddara H, Truong VK, Ngo ST, Vu VV, Cozzolino D, Elbourne A, Crawford R, Latham K, Chapman J. Nano-plastics and their analytical characterisation and fate in the marine environment: From source to sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 732:138792. [PMID: 32442765 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polymer contamination is a major pollutant in all waterways and a significant concern of the 21st Century, gaining extensive research, media, and public attention. The polymer pollution problem is so vast; plastics are now observed in some of the Earth's most remote regions such as the Mariana trench. These polymers enter the waterways, migrate, breakdown; albeit slowly, and then interact with the environment and the surrounding biodiversity. It is these biodiversity and ecosystem interactions that are causing the most nervousness, where health researchers have demonstrated that plastics have entered the human food chain, also showing that plastics are damaging organisms, animals, and plants. Many researchers have focused on reviewing the macro and micro-forms of these polymer contaminants, demonstrating a lack of scientific data and also a lack of investigation regarding nano-sized polymers. It is these nano-polymers that have the greatest potential to cause the most harm to our oceans, waterways, and wildlife. This review has been especially ruthless in discussing nano-sized polymers, their ability to interact with organisms, and the potential for these nano-polymers to cause environmental damage in the marine environment. This review details the breakdown of macro-, micro-, and nano-polymer contamination, examining the sources, the interactions, and the fates of all of these polymer sizes in the environment. The main focus of this review is to perform a comprehensive examination of the literature of the interaction of nanoplastics with organisms, soils, and waters; followed by the discussion of toxicological issues. A significant focus of the review is also on current analytical characterisation techniques for nanoplastics, which will enable researchers to develop protocols for nanopolymer analysis and enhance understanding of nanoplastics in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeana Gangadoo
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Stephanie Owen
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | | | - Katie Plaisted
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Samuel Cheeseman
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Hajar Haddara
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Son Tung Ngo
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Viet Nam
| | - Van V Vu
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Viet Nam
| | - Daniel Cozzolino
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane
| | - Aaron Elbourne
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Russell Crawford
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Kay Latham
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - James Chapman
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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273
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Bautista NM, Crespel A, Crossley J, Padilla P, Burggren W. Parental transgenerational epigenetic inheritance related to dietary crude oil exposure in Danio rerio. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb222224. [PMID: 32620709 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.222224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transgenerational inheritance from both parental lines can occur by genetic and epigenetic inheritance. Maternal effects substantially influence offspring survival and fitness. However, investigation of the paternal contribution to offspring success has been somewhat neglected. In the present study, adult zebrafish were separated into female and male groups exposed for 21 days to either a control diet or to a diet containing water accommodated fractions of crude oil. Four F1 offspring groups were obtained: (1) control (non-exposed parents), (2) paternally exposed, (3) maternally exposed and (4) dual-parent-exposed. To determine the maternal and paternal influence on their offspring, we evaluated responses from molecular to whole organismal levels in both generations. Growth rate, hypoxia resistance and heart rate did not differ among parental groups. However, global DNA methylation in heart tissue was decreased in oil-exposed fish compared with control parents. This decrease was accompanied by an upregulation of glycine N-methyltransferase. Unexpectedly, maternal, paternal and dual exposure all enhanced survival of F1 offspring raised in oiled conditions. Regardless of parental exposure, however, F1 offspring exposed to oil exhibited bradycardia. Compared with offspring from control parents, global DNA methylation was decreased in the three offspring groups derived from oil-exposed parents. However, no difference between groups was observed in gene regulation involved in methylation transfer, suggesting that the changes observed in the F1 populations may have been inherited from both parental lines. Phenotypic responses during exposure to persistent environmental stressors in F1 offspring appear to be influenced by maternal and paternal exposure, potentially benefitting offspring populations to survive in challenging environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim M Bautista
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
- Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Alle 3, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Amélie Crespel
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Janna Crossley
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Pamela Padilla
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Warren Burggren
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
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274
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Effects of MP Polyethylene Microparticles on Microbiome and Inflammatory Response of Larval Zebrafish. TOXICS 2020; 8:toxics8030055. [PMID: 32796641 PMCID: PMC7560425 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plastic polymers have quickly become one of the most abundant materials on Earth due to their low production cost and high versatility. Unfortunately, some of the discarded plastic can make its way into the environment and become fragmented into smaller microscopic particles, termed secondary microplastics (MP). In addition, primary MP, purposely manufactured microscopic plastic particles, can also make their way into our environment via various routes. Owing to their size and resilience, these MP can then be easily ingested by living organisms. The effect of MP particles on living organisms is suspected to have negative implications, especially during early development. In this study, we examined the effects of polyethylene MP ingestion for four and ten days of exposure starting at 5 days post-fertilization (dpf). In particular, we examined the effects of polyethylene MP exposure on resting metabolic rate, on gene expression of several inflammatory and oxidative stress linked genes, and on microbiome composition between treatments. Overall, we found no evidence of broad metabolic disturbances or inflammatory markers in MP-exposed fish for either period of time. However, there was a significant increase in the oxidative stress mediator L-FABP that occurred at 15 dpf. Furthermore, the microbiome was disrupted by MP exposure, with evidence of an increased abundance of Bacteroidetes in MP fish, a combination frequently found in intestinal pathologies. Thus, it appears that acute polyethylene MP exposure can increase oxidative stress and dysbiosis, which may render the animal more susceptible to diseases.
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275
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Duan Z, Duan X, Zhao S, Wang X, Wang J, Liu Y, Peng Y, Gong Z, Wang L. Barrier function of zebrafish embryonic chorions against microplastics and nanoplastics and its impact on embryo development. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 395:122621. [PMID: 32289630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic stage is important for the development of aquatic animals, and embryonic chorion is an efficient barrier against exogenous pollutants. The efficient barrier function of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryonic chorions against micro- and nano- polystyrene (PS) particles was observed. Embryonic chorions presented high affinity to PS particles. The covering layer of PS particles on the outer surface of chorions affected the patency of pores in chorions, and the nano- PS particles exerted a considerable effect. The accelerated heart rate and blood flow velocity in the embryos indicated that the PS particles adhering to embryonic chorions might cause an internal hypoxic microenvironment in the embryos. The coating of PS particles on embryonic chorions also resulted in delayed hatching of the embryos. The observed development toxicity induced by the nano- and micro-PS particles was confirmed via the expressions of metabolic pathways related to antioxidant system. The pathways of biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid metabolism and alanine, and aspartate and glutamate metabolism extensively altered when the embryos were exposed to PS particles, especially to the nano- PS particles. Although micro- and nano- plastic particles can be efficiently blocked by embryonic chorions, they can still affect the early development of aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xinyue Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yubin Liu
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yawen Peng
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Lei Wang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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276
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Sun C, Zhang W, Ding R, Wang J, Yao L. Mechanism of low concentrations of polystyrene microplastics influence the cytotoxicity of Ag ions to Escherichia coli. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126705. [PMID: 32302904 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) with different sizes, surface charges and aging statuses simulated field PSMPs and were applied to understand their cytotoxicity to Escherichia coli. The PSMPs hardly affected the viability, membrane integrity, ROS generation and ATPase activity of E. coli, and the cytotoxicity of field PSMPs is marginal and assumed to be overestimated. Low concentrations (1.0 mg L-1) of PSMPs dynamically affect the cytotoxicity of Ag+ to E. coli through various toxic mechanisms. PSMPs likely mitigated the cytotoxicity of Ag+ during the initial 24 h of co-exposure by protecting the cell membrane, inhibiting ROS generation and/or recovering ATPase activity (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). During prolonged co-exposure for 48 h, nonfunctionalized polystyrene (PS-NF) still mitigated the cytotoxicity of Ag+ by protecting the integrity of the cell membrane, and aged PS-NF slightly affected cytotoxicity. PS-NH2 and PS-COOH intensified the cytotoxicity of Ag+ because PS markedly promoted ROS generation and inhibited ATPase activity. Thus, field PSMPs were assumed to exhibit marginal cytotoxicity to E. coli and can combine with surrounding Ag+ to modify the E. coli population levels and even the structure of aquatic ecosystems. Accordingly, the environmental and health risks of field PSMPs require further intensive investigation, and the combined toxicity effects of field PSMPs with Ag+ should be considered carefully due to their dynamic toxic effects and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Sun
- Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Weicheng Zhang
- Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China.
| | - Runrun Ding
- Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Jianzheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China.
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277
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Bhagat J, Zang L, Nishimura N, Shimada Y. Zebrafish: An emerging model to study microplastic and nanoplastic toxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138707. [PMID: 32361115 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have received global concern due to its widespread contamination, ingestion in aquatic organisms and the ability to cross the biological barrier. However, our understanding of its bioaccumulation, toxicity, and interaction with other environmental pollutants is limited. Zebrafish is increasingly used to study the bioaccumulation and toxicity of environmental contaminants because of their small size, ease of breed, short life cycle and inexpensive maintenance. The transparent nature of zebrafish embryo and larvae provides excellent experimental advantages over other model organisms in studying the localization of fluorescent-labeled MPs/NPs particles. Zebrafish outplays the traditional rodent models with the availability of transgenic lines, high-throughput sequencing and genetic similarities to humans. All these characteristics provide an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the toxicity of MPs/NPs and associated contaminants. This review summarizes the existing literature on MPs/NPs research in zebrafish and suggests a path forward for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky Bhagat
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Mie University Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Liqing Zang
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Mie University Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Norihiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Mie University Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Mie University Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
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278
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Piccardo M, Renzi M, Terlizzi A. Nanoplastics in the oceans: Theory, experimental evidence and real world. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 157:111317. [PMID: 32658682 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This review critically analyses >200 papers collected by searching on Pubmed the word "nanoplastics", a group of emerging contaminants which are receiving growing attention. The present review intends to provide an overview of current knowledge on nanoplastic pollution starting with the theory of polymer degradation, passing to laboratory confirmation of nanoplastic formation and ending with the possible occurrence in sea water samples. Most of the observations proposed focus the attention on polystyrene (PS) because the majority of research knowledge is based on this polymer. Moreover, we thoroughly describe what effects have been observed on different organisms tested in controlled conditions. Nanoplastics formation, fate and toxicity seem to be a very dynamic phenomenon. In light of this, we identify some aspects retained crucial when an ecotoxicological study with nanoplastics is performed and which elements of nanoplastics toxicity could be deeper covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Piccardo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Monia Renzi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Antonio Terlizzi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Napoli, Italy
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279
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Astner AF, Hayes DG, Pingali SV, O’Neill HM, Littrell KC, Evans BR, Urban VS. Effects of soil particles and convective transport on dispersion and aggregation of nanoplastics via small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and ultra SANS (USANS). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235893. [PMID: 32692771 PMCID: PMC7373282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial nanoplastics (NPs) pose a serious threat to agricultural food production systems due to the potential harm of soil-born micro- and macroorganisms that promote soil fertility and ability of NPs to adsorb onto and penetrate into vegetables and other crops. Very little is known about the dispersion, fate and transport of NPs in soils. This is because of the challenges of analyzing terrestrial NPs by conventional microscopic techniques due to the low concentrations of NPs and absence of optical transparency in these systems. Herein, we investigate the potential utility of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and Ultra SANS (USANS) to probe the agglomeration behavior of NPs prepared from polybutyrate adipate terephthalate, a prominent biodegradable plastic used in agricultural mulching, in the presence of vermiculite, an artificial soil. SANS with the contrast matching technique was used to study the aggregation of NPs co-dispersed with vermiculite in aqueous media. We determined the contrast match point for vermiculite was 66% D2O / 33% H2O. At this condition, the signal for vermiculite was ~50–100%-fold lower that obtained using neat H2O or D2O as solvent. According to SANS and USANS, smaller-sized NPs (50 nm) remained dispersed in water and did not undergo size reduction or self-agglomeration, nor formed agglomerates with vermiculite. Larger-sized NPs (300–1000 nm) formed self-agglomerates and agglomerates with vermiculite, demonstrating their significant adhesion with soil. However, employment of convective transport (simulated by ex situ stirring of the slurries prior to SANS and USANS analyses) reduced the self-agglomeration, demonstrating weak NP-NP interactions. Convective transport also led to size reduction of the larger-sized NPs. Therefore, this study demonstrates the potential utility of SANS and USANS with contrast matching technique for investigating behavior of terrestrial NPs in complex soil systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton F. Astner
- Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Douglas G. Hayes
- Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DGH); (SVP)
| | - Sai Venkatesh Pingali
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DGH); (SVP)
| | - Hugh M. O’Neill
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Kenneth C. Littrell
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Barbara R. Evans
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Volker S. Urban
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America
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280
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Jiang B, Kauffman AE, Li L, McFee W, Cai B, Weinstein J, Lead JR, Chatterjee S, Scott GI, Xiao S. Health impacts of environmental contamination of micro- and nanoplastics: a review. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:29. [PMID: 32664857 PMCID: PMC7362455 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00870-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastics are extensively used in our daily life. However, a significant amount of plastic waste is discharged to the environment directly or via improper reuse or recycling. Degradation of plastic waste generates micro- or nano-sized plastic particles that are defined as micro- or nanoplastics (MNPs). Microplastics (MPs) are plastic particles with a diameter less than 5 mm, while nanoplastics (NPs) range in diameter from 1 to 100 or 1000 nm. In the current review, we first briefly summarized the environmental contamination of MNPs and then discussed their health impacts based on existing MNP research. Our review indicates that MNPs can be detected in both marine and terrestrial ecosystems worldwide and be ingested and accumulated by animals along the food chain. Evidence has suggested the harmful health impacts of MNPs on marine and freshwater animals. Recent studies found MPs in human stool samples, suggesting that humans are exposed to MPs through food and/or drinking water. However, the effect of MNPs on human health is scarcely researched. In addition to the MNPs themselves, these tiny plastic particles can release plastic additives and/or adsorb other environmental chemicals, many of which have been shown to exhibit endocrine disrupting and other toxic effects. In summary, we conclude that more studies are necessary to provide a comprehensive understanding of MNP pollution hazards and also provide a basis for the subsequent pollution management and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baorong Jiang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions (OHHC2I), University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 21009, China
| | - Alexandra E Kauffman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Lei Li
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 21009, China
| | - Wayne McFee
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Charleston, SC, 29412, USA
| | - Bo Cai
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions (OHHC2I), University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - John Weinstein
- Department of Biology, The Citadel, Military College of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29409, USA
| | - Jamie R Lead
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions (OHHC2I), University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions (OHHC2I), University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Geoffrey I Scott
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions (OHHC2I), University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Shuo Xiao
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
- NIEHS Center for Oceans and Human Health and Climate Change Interactions (OHHC2I), University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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281
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Trevisan R, Uzochukwu D, Di Giulio RT. PAH SORPTION TO NANOPLASTICS AND THE TROJAN HORSE EFFECT AS DRIVERS OF MITOCHONDRIAL TOXICITY AND PAH LOCALIZATION IN ZEBRAFISH. FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2020; 8:78. [PMID: 34322495 PMCID: PMC8315355 DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2020.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plastics are world-wide pollutants that pose a potential threat to wildlife and human health. Small plastic particles, such as microplastics and nanoplastics, are easily ingested, and can act as a Trojan Horse by carrying microorganisms and pollutants. This study investigated the potential role of the Trojan Horse effect in the toxicity of nanoplastics to the vertebrate model organism, zebrafish (Danio rerio). First, we investigated if this effect could affect the toxicity of nanoplastics. Second, we analyzed if it could contribute to the biodistribution of the associated contaminants. And third, we focused on its effect on the mitochondrial toxicity of nanoplastics. We incubated 44 nm polystyrene nanoparticles with a real-world mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for 7 days and removed the free PAHs by ultrafiltration. We dosed embryos with 1 ppm of nanoplastics (NanoPS) or PAH-sorbed nanoplastics (PAH-NanoPS). Neither type of plastic particle caused changes in embryonic and larval development. Fluorescence microscopy and increased EROD activity suggested the uptake of PAHs in larvae exposed to PAH-NanoPS. This coincided with higher concentrations in the yolk sac and the brain. However, PAH-only exposure leads to their accumulation in the yolk sac but not in the brain, suggesting that that the spatial distribution of bioaccumulated PAHs can differ depending on their source of exposure. Both nanoplastic particles affected mitochondrial energy metabolism but caused different adverse effects. While NanoPS decreased NADH production, PAH-NanoPS decreased mitochondrial coupling efficiency and spare respiratory capacity. In summary, the addition of PAHs to the surface of nanoplastics did not translate into increased developmental toxicity. Low levels of PAHs were accumulated in the organisms, and the transfer of PAHs seems to happen in tissues and possibly organelles where nanoplastics accumulate. Disruption of the energy metabolism in the mitochondria may be a key factor in the toxicity of nanoplastics, and the Trojan Horse effect may amplify this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Trevisan
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Uzochukwu
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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282
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Zhang R, Silic MR, Schaber A, Wasel O, Freeman JL, Sepúlveda MS. Exposure route affects the distribution and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 724:138065. [PMID: 32272399 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of polystyrene (PS) products in a myriad of consumer products has resulted in widespread contamination of PS nanoplastics (PSNPs) in aquatic ecosystems. Fish early life stages are exposed to nanoplastics dermally and via gills. Additional routes of exposure include oral via the ingestion of contaminated prey and maternal transfer. However, there is limited amount of work studying the impact of exposure route in the toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of PSNPs. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of exposure routes (aqueous and microinjection) on the organ distribution and toxicity of PSNPs. We "mimicked" the maternal exposure of PSNPs to zebrafish by injecting a known concentration of fluorescent particles directly into 2-cell stage embryos. Endpoints were collected starting at 96 h post-fertilization until several weeks post-hatch to evaluate depuration. Although both exposure routes led to the accumulation of PSNPs in the yolk sac followed by brain, eyes, gut and swim bladder, the aqueous exposure caused higher PSNP concentrations in the brain and eyes and the injection exposure caused PSNP accumulation mainly in the trunk area. A waterborne exposure also reduced antioxidant gene expression; increased frequency of developmental abnormalities such as bent tails, jaw deformities and pericardial edema; and resulted in lower growth rates and hypoactivity. Overall, a waterborne exposure to PSNPs resulted in higher transfer to the brain and caused greater toxic effects to zebrafish compared to an injection exposure and highlights the key role of exposure routes in the uptake, localization and subsequent distribution of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266237, PR China
| | - Martin R Silic
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Andy Schaber
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Ola Wasel
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Jennifer L Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Maria S Sepúlveda
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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283
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Hazeem LJ, Yesilay G, Bououdina M, Perna S, Cetin D, Suludere Z, Barras A, Boukherroub R. Investigation of the toxic effects of different polystyrene micro-and nanoplastics on microalgae Chlorella vulgaris by analysis of cell viability, pigment content, oxidative stress and ultrastructural changes. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 156:111278. [PMID: 32510417 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plastics of different sizes (micro- and nano-sized) are often identified in aquatic environments. Nevertheless, their influence on marine organisms has not been widely investigated. In this study, the responses of the microalga Chlorella vulgaris to micro- and nanoplastics exposure were examined using long term toxicity test. The plastics tested were carboxyl-functionalized and non-functionalized polystyrene of 20, 50 and 500 nm in diameter. A reduction in algal cell viability and chlorophyll a concentration has been observed after exposure to the small sizes (20 and 50 nm) of plastics. Lactate dehydrogenase activity and reactive oxygen species concentration/production were significantly higher after exposure to the 20 nm nanoplastics than that of control confirming the stress condition. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis proved the attachment of nanoplastics to microalgae and rearrangement of extracellular polymeric substances. The cellular stress appeared as increased cell size, deformed cell wall and increased volume of starch grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla J Hazeem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, 3203, Bahrain.
| | - Gamze Yesilay
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
| | - Mohamed Bououdina
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, 3203, Bahrain
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, 3203, Bahrain.
| | - Demet Cetin
- Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Gazi Faculty of Education, Gazi University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Zekiye Suludere
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Central Lille, ISEN, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Central Lille, ISEN, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
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284
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Xu EG, Cheong RS, Liu L, Hernandez LM, Azimzada A, Bayen S, Tufenkji N. Primary and Secondary Plastic Particles Exhibit Limited Acute Toxicity but Chronic Effects on Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:6859-6868. [PMID: 32421333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs; <0.1 μm) are speculated to be a bigger ecological threat due to their predicted wider distribution, higher concentrations, and bioavailability. Primary NPs are manufactured to be that size, while secondary NPs originate from fragmentation of bigger debris. To date, the long-term impact of NPs in freshwater systems, particularly secondary NPs, is not well-understood. Thus, we employed a freshwater invertebrate, Daphnia magna, to investigate the chronic effects of model primary NPs, fluorescent polystyrene nanospheres (PS-NPs; 20 nm), and water leachate of weathered single-use plastics that contained micro- and nanosized particles. In experiment 1, parent Daphnia (F0) were exposed to 1 and 50 mg/L PS-NPs until the production of the neonates (F1) followed by a two-generation recovery. PS-NPs were mainly detected in the intestine and brood chamber in F0 and transferred to F1 and F2. PS-NPs significantly decreased the appendage curling and heartbeat rate in F0 and reduced reproduction in F2. In experiment 2, the plastic leachate also reduced the appendage curling rate but increased growth and reproduction. The results suggest that the acute toxicity of primary and secondary plastic particles is low even at high concentrations, but their chronic and sublethal effects should not be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Rachel S Cheong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Laura M Hernandez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Agil Azimzada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Nathalie Tufenkji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
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285
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Naeemi AS, Elmi F, Vaezi G, Ghorbankhah M. Copper oxide nanoparticles induce oxidative stress mediated apoptosis in carp (Cyprinus carpio) larva. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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286
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Polystyrene microplastics induce mortality through acute cell stress and inhibition of cholinergic activity in a brine shrimp. Mol Cell Toxicol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-020-00088-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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287
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Gouin T. Toward an Improved Understanding of the Ingestion and Trophic Transfer of Microplastic Particles: Critical Review and Implications for Future Research. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:1119-1137. [PMID: 32223000 PMCID: PMC7383496 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic particles have been observed in the environment and routinely detected in the stomachs and intestines of aquatic organisms over the last 50 yr. In the present review, information on the ingestion of plastic debris of varying sizes is collated, including data for >800 species representing approximately 87 000 individual organisms, for which plastic debris and microplastic particles have been observed in approximately 17 500, or 20%. The average reported number of microplastic particles/individual across all studies is estimated to be 4, with studies typically reporting averages ranging from 0 to 10 particles/individual. A general observation is that although strong evidence exists for the biological ingestion of microplastic particles, they do not bioaccumulate and do not appear to be subject to biomagnification as a result of trophic transfer through food webs, with >99% of observations from field-based studies reporting that microplastic particles are located within the gastrointestinal tract. Overall, there is substantial heterogeneity in how samples are collected, processed, analyzed, and reported, causing significant challenges in attempting to assess temporal and spatial trends or helping to inform a mechanistic understanding. Nevertheless, several studies suggest that the characteristics of microplastic particles ingested by organisms are generally representative of plastic debris in the vicinity where individuals are collected. Monitoring of spatial and temporal trends of ingested microplastic particles could thus potentially be useful in assessing mitigation efforts aimed at reducing the emission of plastic and microplastic particles to the environment. The development and application of standardized analytical methods are urgently needed to better understand spatial and temporal trends. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1119-1137. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd Gouin
- TG Environmental Research, Sharnbrook, BedfordshireUnited Kingdom
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288
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Jacob H, Besson M, Swarzenski PW, Lecchini D, Metian M. Effects of Virgin Micro- and Nanoplastics on Fish: Trends, Meta-Analysis, and Perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4733-4745. [PMID: 32202766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental plastic pollution is a major ecological and societal concern today. Over the past decade, a broad range of laboratory and experimental studies have complemented field observations in the hope of achieving a better understanding of the fate and impact of micro- and/or nanoplastics (MP/NP) on diverse organisms (e.g., birds, fish, and mammals). However, plastic pollution remains challenging to monitor in the environment and to control under laboratory conditions, and plastic particles are often naturally or experimentally co-contaminated with diverse chemical pollutants. Therefore, our understanding of the effects of virgin MP/NP in freshwater and marine fish is still limited. Here, we performed a systematic review of the most up-to-date literature on the effects of virgin MP/NP on fish under laboratory conditions. A total of 782 biological endpoints investigated in 46 studies were extracted. Among these endpoints, 32% were significantly affected by exposure to virgin MP/NP. More effects were observed for smaller plastic particles (i.e., size ≤20 μm), affecting fish behavioral and neurological functions, intestinal permeability, metabolism, and intestinal microbiome diversity. In addition, we propose suggestions for new research directions to lead toward innovative, robust, and scientifically sound experiments in this field. This review of experimental studies reveals that the toxicity of virgin MP/NP on fish should be more systematically evaluated using rigorous laboratory-based methods and aims toward a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of this toxicity to fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Jacob
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco
- PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Marc Besson
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco
| | - Peter W Swarzenski
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco
| | - David Lecchini
- PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
- Laboratoire d'Excellence, CORAIL, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Marc Metian
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco
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289
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Elizalde-Velázquez A, Carcano AM, Crago J, Green MJ, Shah SA, Cañas-Carrell JE. Translocation, trophic transfer, accumulation and depuration of polystyrene microplastics in Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113937. [PMID: 31952101 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, reports of plastic debris in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of fish have been well documented in the scientific literature. This, in turn, increased concerns regarding human health exposure to microplastics through the consumption of contaminated fish. Most of the available research regarding microplastic toxicity has focused on marine organisms through direct feeding or waterborne exposures at the individual level. However, little is known about the trophic transfer of microplastics through the aquatic food chain. Freshwater zooplankton Daphnia magna (hereafter Daphnia), and the fathead minnow Pimephales promelas (FHM), are well-known model species used in standard toxicological studies and ecological risk assessments that provide a simple model for trophic transfer. The aim of this study was to assess the tissue translocation, trophic transfer, and depuration of two concentrations (20 and 2000-part ml-1) of 6 μm polystyrene (PS) microplastics particles between Daphnia and FHM. Bioconcentration factors (BCF) and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were determined. Fluorescent microscopy was used to determine the number of particles in the water media and within the organs of both species. Throughout the five days of exposure, PS particles were only found within the GI tract of both species. The BCF for Daphnia was 0.034 ± 0.005 for the low concentration and 0.026 ± 0.006 for the high concentration. The BAF for FHM was 0.094 ± 0.037 for the low concentration and 0.205 ± 0.051 for the high concentration. Between 72 and 96 h after exposure all microplastic particles were depurated from both species. The presence of food had a significant effect on the depuration of microplastic particles from Daphnia but not for FHM. Based on the low BCF and BAF values for both species, rapid depuration rates, and null translocation of microplastic particles to organs and tissues from the GI tract, there is a low probability that microplastics will bioconcentrate and bioaccumulate under environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Elizalde-Velázquez
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Analicia M Carcano
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Jordan Crago
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Micah J Green
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Smit A Shah
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jaclyn E Cañas-Carrell
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
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290
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Kögel T, Bjorøy Ø, Toto B, Bienfait AM, Sanden M. Micro- and nanoplastic toxicity on aquatic life: Determining factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136050. [PMID: 31887526 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution has become a major environmental concern due to its omnipresence and degradation to smaller particles. The potential toxicological effects of micro- and nanoplastic on biota have been investigated in a growing number of exposure studies. We have performed a comprehensive review of the main determining factors for plastic particle toxicity in the relevant exposure systems, from publications until including the year 2018. For a focused scope, effects of additives or other pollutants accumulated by the plastic particles are not included. In summary, current literature suggests that plastic particle toxicity depends on concentration, particle size, exposure time, particle condition, shape and polymer type. Furthermore, contaminant background, food availability, species, developmental stage and sex have major influence on the outcome of plastic particles exposures. Frequently reported effects were on body and population growth, energy metabolism, feeding, movement activity, physiological stress, oxidative stress, inflammation, the immune system, hormonal regulation, aberrant development, cell death, general toxicity and altered lipid metabolism. Several times reported were increased growth and food consumption, neuro-, liver- or kidney pathology and intestinal damage. Photosynthesis disruption was reported in studies investigating effects on phytoplankton. For the currently unquantified plastic particles below 10 μm, more toxic effects were reported in all aquatic life, as compared to plastic particles of larger size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Kögel
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), PO Box 1870 Nordnes, NO-5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ørjan Bjorøy
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), PO Box 1870 Nordnes, NO-5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Benuarda Toto
- Center for Nutrition, Children's and Youth Hospital, Haukelandsbakken 15, PO Box 7804, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Monica Sanden
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), PO Box 1870 Nordnes, NO-5817 Bergen, Norway
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291
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Li Y, Wang J, Yang G, Lu L, Zheng Y, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Tian H, Wang W, Ru S. Low level of polystyrene microplastics decreases early developmental toxicity of phenanthrene on marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 385:121586. [PMID: 31759759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become global environmental concern. However, the effects of environmental concentrations of MPs, singly or in combination with organic pollutants, on the early development of marine fish remain unclear. In this study, fertilized eggs of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) were exposed to polystyrene MPs (0, 2, 20, 200 μg/L) and/or phenanthrene (Phe, 50 μg/L) for 28 days. The results revealed that MPs were accumulated on the chorion and ingested by larvae from 2 days post-hatching. High levels of MPs (20 and 200 μg/L) decreased the hatchability, delayed the hatching time, and suppressed the growth, whereas Phe inhibited hatching and caused malformations in larvae. The presence of MPs at 20 and 200 μg/L did not alter the toxicity of Phe. By contrast, combined exposure to 2 μg/L MPs and Phe increased the hatchability by 25.8%, decreased malformation and mortality rates, and restored Phe-induced abnormal expressions of cardiac development-related genes. The reduced early developmental toxicity could be attributed to the decreased bioavailability and bioaccumulation of Phe by the low level of MPs. These findings contradicted the view that MPs would aggravate the toxicity of organic pollutants, and future studies are warranted to elucidate the ecological risks of marine MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejiao Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Guangxin Yang
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Lin Lu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yuqi Zheng
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qianyao Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hua Tian
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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292
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Mancia A, Chenet T, Bono G, Geraci ML, Vaccaro C, Munari C, Mistri M, Cavazzini A, Pasti L. Adverse effects of plastic ingestion on the Mediterranean small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 155:104876. [PMID: 31965976 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plastics are widely diffused in the oceans and their ingestion by marine organisms is raising concern for potentially adverse effects. The risk of harmful interactions with marine plastic pollution depends on the biology of the species as well as the distribution and abundance of the different plastic types. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of plastic ingestion by the small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula), one of the most abundant elasmobranchs in the Mediterranean Sea. The expression levels of genes indicative of total immune system function were analyzed to gather preliminary data for further investigation of any potential correlations between plastic presence and immune activation. One hundred catsharks were collected during the Spring 2018 in two geographic locations in the southern region of the central Mediterranean Sea: 1) near Mazara del Vallo, SW Sicily and 2) near Lampedusa island, Italy's southernmost. Standard measurements were recorded for each specimen and its organs and sex was determined. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) was preserved for plastic detection and identification. Where present, plastics (macro- and micro-) were characterized in terms of size, shape and polymer typology through microscopy and μ-Raman spectroscopy. Spleen from a subset of thirty samples was preserved for RNA extraction, then used to quantify by real time PCR the transcripts of T cell receptor beta (TCRB), T cell receptor delta (TCRD) and IgM genes. The results indicated that ingestion of plastic is widespread, with microplastics (MP, from 1 μm to <1 mm) abundantly present in nearly all samples and macroplasticplastic (MaP, > 1 cm) in approximately 18% of the specimens collected. A significant increase in the expression of TCRB, TCRD and IgM was observed in the spleen of MaP + specimens from Mazara del Vallo waters, in parallel with 67% increase in liver weight. While the presence of MP alone is not enough to induce a strong activation of the immunity, some type of plastics falling into the MaP category may be more toxic than others and crucial in the activation of the immune response. The results of this study represent a first evidence that plastic pollution represents an emerging threat to S. canicula, the Mediterranean food web and human consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalaura Mancia
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Tatiana Chenet
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Bono
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies - IRBIM, National Research Council (CNR), Via Vaccara, 61, 91026, Mazara del Vallo (TP), Italy
| | - Michele Luca Geraci
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies - IRBIM, National Research Council (CNR), Via Vaccara, 61, 91026, Mazara del Vallo (TP), Italy
| | - Carmela Vaccaro
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristina Munari
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Mistri
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luisa Pasti
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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293
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Yong CQY, Valiyaveettil S, Tang BL. Toxicity of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Mammalian Systems. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051509. [PMID: 32111046 PMCID: PMC7084551 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fragmented or otherwise miniaturized plastic materials in the form of micro- or nanoplastics have been of nagging environmental concern. Perturbation of organismal physiology and behavior by micro- and nanoplastics have been widely documented for marine invertebrates. Some of these effects are also manifested by larger marine vertebrates such as fishes. More recently, possible effects of micro- and nanoplastics on mammalian gut microbiota as well as host cellular and metabolic toxicity have been reported in mouse models. Human exposure to micro- and nanoplastics occurs largely through ingestion, as these are found in food or derived from food packaging, but also in a less well-defined manner though inhalation. The pathophysiological consequences of acute and chronic micro- and nanoplastics exposure in the mammalian system, particularly humans, are yet unclear. In this review, we focus on the recent findings related to the potential toxicity and detrimental effects of micro- and nanoplastics as demonstrated in mouse models as well as human cell lines. The prevailing data suggest that micro- and nanoplastics accumulation in mammalian and human tissues would likely have negative, yet unclear long-term consequences. There is a need for cellular and systemic toxicity due to micro- and nanoplastics to be better illuminated, and the underlying mechanisms defined by further work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Qian Ying Yong
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore;
| | - Suresh Valiyaveettil
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore;
| | - Bor Luen Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore;
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6516-1040
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294
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Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Aquatic Environments: Challenges and Threats to Aquatic Organisms. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04402-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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295
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Ahrendt C, Perez-Venegas DJ, Urbina M, Gonzalez C, Echeveste P, Aldana M, Pulgar J, Galbán-Malagón C. Microplastic ingestion cause intestinal lesions in the intertidal fish Girella laevifrons. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 151:110795. [PMID: 32056590 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We exposed juvenile intertidal fish to different amounts of Poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microplastics in their diet. We fed ten individuals with pellets containing 0.01 g, another ten fish with pellets containing 0.1 g of PS, and ten fish without plastic as control. After 45 days of treatment, the whole intestine was removed, and the histological evaluation started immediately. We evaluated inflammation due to leukocyte infiltration (Lk), circulatory disorders like Hypermeia (Hyp), and regressive changes in the intestinal tissue, assessing Crypt cell loss (Ccl) and Villi cell loss (Vcl). The severity of the lesions increased according to the microplastic concentration. In the fish group feeding on microplastics, we found that leukocyte infiltration and hyperemia were more severe in the higher exposure group compared to the lower exposure; and crypt cell loss and villi cell loss increased significantly due to Poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microplastic physical abrasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ahrendt
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Avda República 252, Santiago, Chile; Plastic Oceans Foundation, 23832 Malibu Road Ste# 50-205, Malibu, CA 90265, United States of America
| | - D J Perez-Venegas
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Avda República 252, Santiago, Chile; Programa de Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Urbina
- Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Instituto Milenio de Oceanografia (IMO), Universidad de Concepcion, Chile
| | - C Gonzalez
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Echeveste
- Instituto Milenio de Oceanografia (IMO), Universidad de Concepcion, Chile; Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander von Humboldt, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - M Aldana
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejército 146, Santiago, Chile; Doctorado en Conservación y Gestión de la Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejército 146, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Pulgar
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Avda República 252, Santiago, Chile.
| | - C Galbán-Malagón
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Avda República 252, Santiago, Chile; GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile.
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296
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Barría C, Brandts I, Tort L, Oliveira M, Teles M. Effect of nanoplastics on fish health and performance: A review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 151:110791. [PMID: 32056587 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Small plastic particles are considered emerging pollutants, and this has motivated a considerable number of studies to establish their environmental consequences. At present, the study of the effects of nanoplastics (NPs) on aquatic organisms is still scarce, especially in organisms from higher trophic levels such as fish. This review describes the effects reported in different fish species after exposure to plastic particles smaller than 100 nm. Studies show that NPs can adversely affect fish at different stages of development, with reported accumulation in tissues, decreased locomotor and foraging activities, effects on growth and the immune system and alterations on lipid metabolism and neurotoxicity. However, mortality, effects on hatching success or malformations related to NPs have not been reported to this date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Barría
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Brandts
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Tort
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Oliveira
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Teles
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
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297
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Park EJ, Han JS, Park EJ, Seong E, Lee GH, Kim DW, Son HY, Han HY, Lee BS. Repeated-oral dose toxicity of polyethylene microplastics and the possible implications on reproduction and development of the next generation. Toxicol Lett 2020; 324:75-85. [PMID: 31954868 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
With the increased distribution of microplastics in the environment, the potential for harmful effects on human health and ecosystems have become a global concern. Considering that polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) are among the most produced plastics worldwide, we administered PE-MPs (0.125, 0.5, 2 mg/day/mouse) by gavage to mice (10 mice/sex/dose) for 90 days. Compared to control, the body weight gain was significantly reduced in the male mice, and the proportion of neutrophils in the blood stream clearly increased in both sexes of mice. Persistence of a PE-MPs-like material and migration of granules to the mast cell membrane and accumulation of damaged organelles were observed in the stomachs and the spleens from the treated dams, respectively. Additionally, the IgA level in the blood stream was significantly elevated in the dams administered with PE-MPs compared to control, and the subpopulation of lymphocytes within the spleen was altered. Following, we performed an additional study to screen the effects of PE-MPs on reproduction and development (5 mice/sex/dose). Importantly, number of live births per dam, the sex ratio of pups, and body weight of pups was notably altered in groups treated with PE-MPs compared to the control group. Additionally, PE-MPs affected the subpopulation of lymphocytes within the spleen of the offspring, as did in the dams. Therefore, we propose that reproductive and developmental toxicity testing is warranted to evaluate the safety of microplastics. Additionally, we suggest that the IgA level may be used as a biomarker for harmful effects following exposure on microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea; Bionanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Seok Han
- Toxicopathological Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jun Park
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsol Seong
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Hee Lee
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Son
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Yun Han
- Department of Predictive Toxicology Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- Toxicopathological Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
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298
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Barbato V, Talevi R, Gualtieri R, Pallotta MM, Di Nardo M, Costanzo V, Catapano G, Capriglione T. Polystyrene nanoparticles may affect cell mitosis and compromise early embryo development in mammals. Theriogenology 2020; 145:18-23. [PMID: 31982690 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A great interest surrounds the development of nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical applications such as drug delivery and cancer therapy. However, the interplay between nanoscale materials and biological systems and the associated hazards have not been completely clarified yet. In this study, bovine oviductal epithelial cells (BOECs) and embryos were used as in vitro models to investigate whether cell mitosis and early mammalian embryo development could be affected by the exposure to polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles. Analysis of the karyotype performed on BOECs exposed to PS-NPs did not show chromosomal anomalies compared to the control, although more tetraploid metaphase plates were observed in the former. In vitro fertilization experiments designed to understand whether exposure to PS-NPs could affect pre-implantation development showed that incubation with PS-NPs decreased 8-cell embryo and blastocyst rate in dose-dependent fashion. The quality of the blastocysts in terms of mean cell percent blastomeres with fragmented DNA was the same in exposed blastocysts compared to controls. These results show that the exposure to PS-NPs may impair development. In turn, this may affect the rate of mitosis in embryos and yield a lower developmental competence to reach the blastocyst stage. This suggests that release in the environment and the subsequent accumulation of PS-NPs into living organisms should be carefully monitored to prevent cytotoxic effects that may compromise their reproduction rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Barbato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - R Talevi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - R Gualtieri
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - M M Pallotta
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - M Di Nardo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - V Costanzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - G Catapano
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87030, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - T Capriglione
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy.
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299
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Habib RZ, Thiemann T, Al Kendi R. Microplastics and Wastewater Treatment Plants—A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2020.121001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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300
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Biological and Ecological Impacts of Plastic Debris in Aquatic Ecosystems. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2020_509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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