251
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Bai J, Liu F. cGAS‒STING signaling and function in metabolism and kidney diseases. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:728-738. [PMID: 34665236 PMCID: PMC8718186 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic GMP‒AMP synthase (cGAS)‒stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway senses the presence of cytosolic DNA and, in turn, triggers downstream signaling to induce the expression of inflammatory and type I interferon genes in immune cells. Whereas the innate immune function of the cGAS‒STING pathway is well studied over the past years, emerging evidence suggests that this signaling pathway may have additional functions beyond innate immune surveillance. Consistent with this notion, dysregulation of the cGAS‒STING signaling pathway in adipocytes, hepatocytes, and renal proximal tubule epithelial cells are associated with metabolic dysfunction, impaired energy homeostasis, and kidney diseases. In this review, we summarize current understanding of the cGAS‒STING pathway in several metabolic diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance, alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, as well as acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. We also review the interaction between the cGAS‒STING pathway and lipid metabolism. Lastly, we discuss potential mechanisms by which cGAS‒STING signaling regulates metabolism and point toward future avenues of research targeting the cGAS‒STING pathway as possible means to treat common metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juli Bai
- Departments of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Departments of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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252
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Wu J, Raman A, Coffey NJ, Sheng X, Wahba J, Seasock MJ, Ma Z, Beckerman P, Laczkó D, Palmer MB, Kopp JB, Kuo JJ, Pullen SS, Boustany-Kari CM, Linkermann A, Susztak K. The key role of NLRP3 and STING in APOL1-associated podocytopathy. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:136329. [PMID: 34651582 DOI: 10.1172/jci136329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coding variants in apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1), termed G1 and G2, can explain most excess kidney disease risk in African Americans; however, the molecular pathways of APOL1-induced kidney dysfunction remain poorly understood. Here, we report that expression of G2 APOL1 in the podocytes of Nphs1rtTA/TRE-G2APOL1 (G2APOL1) mice leads to early activation of the cytosolic nucleotide sensor, stimulator of interferon genes (STING), and the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. STING and NLRP3 expression was increased in podocytes from patients with high-risk APOL1 genotypes, and expression of APOL1 correlated with caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) levels. To demonstrate the role of NLRP3 and STING in APOL1-associated kidney disease, we generated transgenic mice with the G2 APOL1 risk variant and genetic deletion of Nlrp3 (G2APOL1/Nlrp3 KO), Gsdmd (G2APOL1/Gsdmd KO), and STING (G2APOL1/STING KO). Knockout mice displayed marked reduction in albuminuria, azotemia, and kidney fibrosis compared with G2APOL1 mice. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of targeting NLRP3, GSDMD, and STING, we treated mice with MCC950, disulfiram, and C176, potent and selective inhibitors of NLRP3, GSDMD, and STING, respectively. G2APOL1 mice treated with MCC950, disulfiram, and C176 showed lower albuminuria and improved kidney function even when inhibitor treatment was initiated after the development of albuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Wu
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Archana Raman
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph Wahba
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew J Seasock
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ziyuan Ma
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pazit Beckerman
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dorottya Laczkó
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew B Palmer
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Kopp
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jay J Kuo
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Steven S Pullen
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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253
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Yang Y, Ha S, Jeong S, Jang CW, Kim J, Im DS, Chung HY, Chung KW. Comparison of two different toxin-induced kidney fibrosis models in terms of inflammatory responses. Toxicology 2021; 463:152973. [PMID: 34619300 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by persistent abnormalities in kidney function, accompanied by structural changes. Interstitial fibrosis, characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, is frequently detected during CKD development. Given the multiple underlying causes of CKD, numerous animal models have been developed to advance our understanding of human nephropathy. Herein, we compared two reliable toxin-induced mouse kidney fibrosis models in terms of fibrosis and inflammation. Administration of folic acid (250 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) or an adenine diet (0.25 % for three weeks) afforded similar effects on kidney function, as detected by increased serum nitrogen levels. In addition, the kidneys exhibited a similar extent of tubule dilation and kidney damage. The degree of fibrosis was compared using various biological methods. Although both models developed a significant fibrotic phenotype, the adenine diet-fed model showed a marginally higher increase in fibrosis than the folic acid model, as reflected by increased kidney ECM gene and protein levels. We further compared inflammatory responses in the kidneys. Interestingly, pro-inflammatory responses, including cytokine expression and immune cell infiltration, were significantly increased in adenine diet-fed kidneys. Furthermore, collagen expression was identified in the macrophage-infiltrated region, implying the importance of inflammation in fibrogenesis. Collectively, we observed that the adenine diet-fed kidney fibrosis model presented a higher inflammatory response with increased fibrosis when compared with the folic acid-induced kidney fibrosis model, indicating the importance of the inflammatory response in fibrosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugyeong Ha
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Somi Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Won Jang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Soon Im
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Wung Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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254
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Zhu H, Cao C, Wu Z, Zhang H, Sun Z, Wang M, Xu H, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Pei G, Yang Q, Zhu F, Yang J, Deng X, Hong Y, Li Y, Sun J, Zhu F, Shi M, Qian K, Ye T, Zuo X, Zhao F, Guo J, Xu G, Yao Y, Zeng R. The probiotic L. casei Zhang slows the progression of acute and chronic kidney disease. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1926-1942.e8. [PMID: 34270930 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between gut microbial dysbiosis and acute or chronic kidney disease (CKD) is still unclear. Here, we show that oral administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus casei Zhang (L. casei Zhang) corrected bilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced gut microbial dysbiosis, alleviated kidney injury, and delayed its progression to CKD in mice. L. casei Zhang elevated the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and nicotinamide in the serum and kidney, resulting in reduced renal inflammation and damage to renal tubular epithelial cells. We also performed a 1-year phase 1 placebo-controlled study of oral L. casei Zhang use (Chinese clinical trial registry, ChiCTR-INR-17013952), which was well tolerated and slowed the decline of kidney function in individuals with stage 3-5 CKD. These results show that oral administration of L. casei Zhang, by altering SCFAs and nicotinamide metabolism, is a potential therapy to mitigate kidney injury and slow the progression of renal decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chujin Cao
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhongcai Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huzi Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Guangchang Pei
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fengming Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xuan Deng
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yinzheng Li
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fan Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Mengxia Shi
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kun Qian
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xuezhi Zuo
- Department of Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fenfei Zhao
- Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan 430000, China; Wuhan Biobank, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan 430000, China; Wuhan Biobank, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Ying Yao
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Rui Zeng
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
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255
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Abstract
Innate immunity is regulated by a broad set of evolutionary conserved receptors to finely probe the local environment and maintain host integrity. Besides pathogen recognition through conserved motifs, several of these receptors also sense aberrant or misplaced self-molecules as a sign of perturbed homeostasis. Among them, self-nucleic acid sensing by the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway alerts on the presence of both exogenous and endogenous DNA in the cytoplasm. We review recent literature demonstrating that self-nucleic acid detection through the STING pathway is central to numerous processes, from cell physiology to sterile injury, auto-immunity and cancer. We address the role of STING in autoimmune diseases linked to dysfunctional DNAse or related to mutations in DNA sensing pathways. We expose the role of the cGAS/STING pathway in inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative conditions and cancer. Connections between STING in various cell processes including autophagy and cell death are developed. Finally, we review proposed mechanisms to explain the sources of cytoplasmic DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Riteau
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics Laboratory (INEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7355 and University of Orleans, Orleans, France
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256
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Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate renal fibrosis via delivery of miR-186-5p. Hum Cell 2021; 35:83-97. [PMID: 34585365 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00617-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has shown that mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs) therapy has potential application in treating chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, MSCs-derived exosomes can improve the renal function and prevent the progression of CKD. However, the mechanisms by which MSCs-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exo) ameliorate renal fibrosis in CKD remain largely unclear. To mimic an in vitro model of renal fibrosis, rat kidney tubular epithelial cells (NRK52E) were stimulated with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. In addition, we established an in vivo model of unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis. Meanwhile, we exploited exosomes derived from MSCs for delivering miR-186-5p agomir into NRK52E cells or kidneys in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we found that level of miR-186-5p was significantly downregulated in TGF-β1-stimulated NRK52E cells and the obstructed kidneys of UUO mice. In addition, miR-186-5p can be transferred from MSCs to NRK52E cells via exosomes. MSCs-delivered miR-186-5p markedly reduced the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, and inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis in TGF-β1-stimulated NRK52E cells. Moreover, exosomal miR-186-5p from MSCs attenuated kidney injury and fibrosis in a UUO mouse model via inhibition of the ECM protein accumulation and EMT process. Meanwhile, dual-luciferase assay showed that miR-186-5p downregulated Smad5 expression via direct binding with the 3'-UTR of Smad5. Collectively then, these findings indicated that exosomal miR-186-5p derived from MSCs could attenuate renal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo by downregulation of Smad5. These findings may help to understand the role of MSCs' exosomes in alleviating renal fibrosis in CKD.
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257
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Wang L, Zhang S, Han J, Nie X, Qi Y, Han Y, Chen X, He C. Activation of STING Pathway Contributed to Cisplatin-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction via Promoting the Activation of TNF-α-AP-1 Signal Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:711238. [PMID: 34483919 PMCID: PMC8415915 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.711238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are a well-documented limitation of conventional cancer chemotherapy. As a notable side effect of cisplatin, cardiotoxicity represents a major obstacle to the treatment of cancer. Recently, it has been reported that cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway was associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of STING on cardiac damage caused by cisplatin remains unclear. In this study, cisplatin was shown to activate the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, and deficiency of STING attenuated cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, the STING-TNF-α-AP-1 axis contributed to cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity by triggering cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, our results indicated that STING might be a critical regulator of cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity and be considered as a potential therapeutic target for preventing the progression of chemotherapy-associated cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lintao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Suya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jibo Han
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajun Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chaoyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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258
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Han B, Wang X, Wu P, Jiang H, Yang Q, Li S, Li J, Zhang Z. Pulmonary inflammatory and fibrogenic response induced by graphitized multi-walled carbon nanotube involved in cGAS-STING signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125984. [PMID: 34020360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Graphitized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (GMWCNTs) are a new type of nanomaterial. Recently, their production and application in biological medicine have grown rapidly. However, GMWCNTs may cause adverse health effects, including the common occupational disease of pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious progressive disease that often leads to lung failure, high mortality, and disability, and there is no effective therapy currently available. Therefore, identifying new biomarkers of the disease is important to better understand the disease mechanisms and explore new therapeutic strategies. In this study, 40 μg of GMWCNTs was used to treat mice in vivo by pharyngeal aspiration, and different genes were screened by transcriptome sequencing. Activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signal pathway had an important effect on the development of pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. GMWCNTs were then administered to the mice with a STING inhibitor (C-176). Inhibition of STING effectively decreased pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice induced by GMWCNTs. Collectively, activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway is involved in GMWCNT-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaoqiao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Huijie Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qingyue Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China.
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259
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Targhetta VP, Amaral MA, Camara NOS. Through DNA sensors and hidden mitochondrial effects of SARS-CoV-2. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2021; 27:e20200183. [PMID: 34471404 PMCID: PMC8383803 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2020-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic brought attention to studies about viral infections and their impact on the cell machinery. SARS-CoV-2, for example, invades the host cells by ACE2 interaction and possibly hijacks the mitochondria. To better understand the disease and to propose novel treatments, crucial aspects of SARS-CoV-2 enrolment with host mitochondria must be studied. The replicative process of the virus leads to consequences in mitochondrial function, and cell metabolism. The hijacking of mitochondria, on the other hand, can drive the extrusion of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to the cytosol. Extracellular mtDNA evoke robust proinflammatory responses once detected, that may act in different pathways, eliciting important immune responses. However, few receptors are validated and are able to detect and respond to mtDNA. In this review, we propose that the mtDNA and its detection might be important in the immune process generated by SARS-CoV-2 and that this mechanism might be important in the lung pathogenesis seen in clinical symptoms. Therefore, investigating the mtDNA receptors and their signaling pathways might provide important clues for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Pedro Targhetta
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Abrantes Amaral
- Department of Nephrology, Paulista School of Medicine (EPM), Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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260
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Guan Y, Liang X, Ma Z, Hu H, Liu H, Miao Z, Linkermann A, Hellwege JN, Voight BF, Susztak K. A single genetic locus controls both expression of DPEP1/CHMP1A and kidney disease development via ferroptosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5078. [PMID: 34426578 PMCID: PMC8382756 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified loci for kidney disease, but the causal variants, genes, and pathways remain unknown. Here we identify two kidney disease genes Dipeptidase 1 (DPEP1) and Charged Multivesicular Body Protein 1 A (CHMP1A) via the triangulation of kidney function GWAS, human kidney expression, and methylation quantitative trait loci. Using single-cell chromatin accessibility and genome editing, we fine map the region that controls the expression of both genes. Mouse genetic models demonstrate the causal roles of both genes in kidney disease. Cellular studies indicate that both Dpep1 and Chmp1a are important regulators of a single pathway, ferroptosis and lead to kidney disease development via altering cellular iron trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Guan
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xiujie Liang
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ziyuan Ma
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hailong Hu
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Zhen Miao
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Graduate group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jacklyn N Hellwege
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Benjamin F Voight
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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261
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Zhou S, Ling X, Meng P, Liang Y, Shen K, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Chen S, Liu Y, Zhou L. Cannabinoid receptor 2 plays a central role in renal tubular mitochondrial dysfunction and kidney ageing. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8957-8972. [PMID: 34414658 PMCID: PMC8435409 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney is one of the most important organs in maintaining the normal life activities. With the high abundance of mitochondria, renal tubular cell plays the vital role in functioning in the reabsorption and secretion of kidney. Reports have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction is of great importance to renal tubular cell senescence and subsequent kidney ageing. However, the underlying mechanisms are not elucidated. Cannabinoid receptor 2 is one of the two receptors responsible for the activation of endocannabinoid system. CB2 is primarily upregulated in renal tubular cells in chronic kidney diseases and mediates fibrogenesis. However, the role of CB2 in tubular mitochondrial dysfunction and kidney ageing has not been clarified. In this study, we found that CB2 was upregulated in kidneys in 24‐month‐old mice and d‐galactose (d‐gal)‐induced accelerated ageing mice, accompanied by the decrease in mitochondrial mass. Furthermore, gene deletion of CB2 in d‐gal‐treated mice could greatly inhibit the activation of β‐catenin signalling and restore the mitochondrial integrity and Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. In CB2 knockout mice, renal tubular cell senescence and kidney fibrosis were also significantly inhibited. CB2 overexpression or activation by the agonist AM1241 could sufficiently induce the decrease in PGC‐1α and a variety of mitochondria‐related proteins and trigger cellular senescence in cultured human renal proximal tubular cells. CB2‐activated mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence could be blocked by ICG‐001, a blocker for β‐catenin signalling. These results show CB2 plays a central role in renal tubular mitochondrial dysfunction and kidney ageing. The intrinsic mechanism may be related to its activation in β‐catenin signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Meng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunyu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Qiyan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Shuangqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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262
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Sun C, Xiao Y, Li J, Ge B, Chen X, Liu H, Zheng T. Nonenzymatic function of DPP4 in diabetes-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 18:966-987. [PMID: 34374497 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) has been proven to exert its functions by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic pathways. The nonenzymatic function of DPP4 in diabetes-associated cognitive impairment remains unexplored. We determined DPP4 protein concentrations or its enzymatic activity in type 2 diabetic patients and db/db mice and tested the impact of the non-enzymatic function of DPP4 on mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment both in vivo and in vitro. The results show that increased DPP4 activity was an independent risk factor for incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in type 2 diabetic patients. In addition, DPP4 was highly expressed in the hippocampus of db/db mice and contributed to mitochondria dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Mechanistically, DPP4 might bind to PAR2 in the hippocampus and trigger GSK-3β activation, which downregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha expression and leads to mitochondria dysfunction, thereby promoting cognitive impairment in diabetes. Our findings indicate that the nonenzymatic function of DPP4 might promote mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunwei Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Yanhua Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxiu Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Bo Ge
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Tianpeng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China.,Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. China
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263
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Fujii R, Hasegawa S, Maekawa H, Inoue T, Yoshioka K, Uni R, Ikeda Y, Nangaku M, Inagi R. Decreased IFT88 expression with primary cilia shortening causes mitochondrial dysfunction in cisplatin-induced tubular injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F278-F292. [PMID: 34338030 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00673.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The relevance of primary cilia shortening in kidney disease and its pathomechanism are largely unknown. Tubular damage in acute kidney injury (AKI) is strongly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, we investigated the interaction between primary cilia and mitochondria in cisplatin-induced AKI mouse models. We observed that the expression of intraflagellar transport 88 (IFT88), a ciliary maintenance protein, was decreased in the renal cortex following tubular damage due to cisplatin-induced AKI. This result was consistent with the decreased IFT88 expression in cisplatin-treated RPTEC/TERT1 cells (human primary proximal tubular cells) parallel to the shortening of primary cilia, suggesting a causative link between tubular damage and IFT88-mediated cilia regulation. To address the effect of impaired primary cilia with decreased IFT88 expression on tubular function, RPTEC/TERT1 cells treated with cisplatin and knocked down for IFT88 using siRNA (IFT88-KD) were assessed for phenotypic changes and mitochondrial metabolic function. Both cisplatin and IFT88-KD caused primary cilia shortening, downregulated mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity, and had defective fatty acid oxidation and decreased ATP production. Furthermore, IFT88 overexpression enhanced mitochondrial respiration, which partially counteracted cisplatin-induced defective fatty acid oxidation. These results are indicative of the contribution of IFT88 to mitochondrial homeostasis. Our findings suggest that tubular mitochondrial dysfunction in cisplatin-induced AKI is mediated, at least in part, by a decrease in IFT88 expression with primary cilia shortening. That is, tubular mitochondrial damage followed by tubular injury in AKI may occur through alteration of IFT88 expression and subsequent ciliary shortening in tubular cells.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here, we demonstrated organelle cross-talk between primary cilia and mitochondria of proximal tubular cells in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. The primary cilia-mitochondria interaction may open new avenues for the development of novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Fujii
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Hasegawa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maekawa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yoshioka
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,R&D Division, Kyowa Kirin Company, Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Uni
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Ikeda
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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264
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Zhuang S, Xia S, Huang P, Wu J, Qu J, Chen R, Sun N, Li D, Wu H, Zhang M, Zhang J, Yuan X, Wang X. Targeting P2RX1 alleviates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by preserving mitochondrial dynamics. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105712. [PMID: 34091010 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is the major cause of acute kidney injury. However, mechanisms underlying the sudden loss in kidney function and tissue injury remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we performed RNA sequencing to systematically compare the transcriptome differences between IR injured kidneys and sham kidneys. We observed that mitochondrial dynamics was destructed in renal IRI. Expression of mitochondrial fusion-associated genes was reduced, whereas expression of mitochondrial fission-related genes was increased in renal IRI, and these findings were further confirmed by mitochondrial morphological observations. By screening 19 purinergic receptors, we noticed that P2RX1 expression was markedly upregulated in renal IRI. RNA sequencing and mitochondrial morphological observations revealed that mitochondrial dynamics was preserved in P2RX1 genetic knockout (P2rx1-/-) mice. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were reported to be essential for tissue injury in renal IRI, but the detailed mechanism remained unclear. In the present study, we found that P2RX1 favored the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in IRI, and NETs was essential for the impairment of mitochondrial dynamics. Mechanistically, P2RX1-involved metabolic interaction between platelets and neutrophils supported NETs formation. Activation of P2RX1 promoted platelets ATP release, which subsequently contributed to neutrophil glycolytic metabolism and NETs generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyong Zhuang
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shengqiang Xia
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Peiqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jiajin Wu
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Junwen Qu
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ruoyang Chen
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Haoyu Wu
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Xiaodong Yuan
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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265
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Noels H, Lehrke M, Vanholder R, Jankowski J. Lipoproteins and fatty acids in chronic kidney disease: molecular and metabolic alterations. Nat Rev Nephrol 2021; 17:528-542. [PMID: 33972752 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-021-00423-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) induces modifications in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and homeostasis. These modifications can promote, modulate and/or accelerate CKD and secondary cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities - involving triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, LDL and/or HDL - not only involve changes in concentration but also changes in molecular structure, including protein composition, incorporation of small molecules and post-translational modifications. These alterations modify the function of lipoproteins and can trigger pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic processes, as well as oxidative stress. Serum fatty acid levels are also often altered in patients with CKD and lead to changes in fatty acid metabolism - a key process in intracellular energy production - that induce mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular damage. These fatty acid changes might not only have a negative impact on the heart, but also contribute to the progression of kidney damage. The presence of these lipoprotein alterations within a biological environment characterized by increased inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as the competing risk of non-atherosclerotic cardiovascular death as kidney function declines, has important therapeutic implications. Additional research is needed to clarify the pathophysiological link between lipid and lipoprotein modifications, and kidney dysfunction, as well as the genesis and/or progression of CVD in patients with kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Noels
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Michael Lehrke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, RWTH Aachen University, University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Raymond Vanholder
- Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
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266
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Li Z, Lu S, Li X. The role of metabolic reprogramming in tubular epithelial cells during the progression of acute kidney injury. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5731-5741. [PMID: 34185125 PMCID: PMC11073237 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03892-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common clinical syndromes. AKI is associated with significant morbidity and subsequent chronic kidney disease (CKD) development. Thus, it is urgent to develop a strategy to hinder AKI progression. Renal tubules are responsible for the reabsorption and secretion of various solutes and the damage to this part of the nephron is a key mediator of AKI. As we know, many common renal insults primarily target the highly metabolically active proximal tubular cells (PTCs). PTCs are the most energy-demanding cells in the kidney. The ATP that they use is mostly produced in their mitochondria by fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO). But, when PTCs face various biological stresses, FAO will shut down for a time that outlives injury. Recent studies have suggested that surviving PTCs can adapt to FAO disruption by increasing glycolysis when facing metabolic constraints, although PTCs do not perform glycolysis in a normal physiological state. Enhanced glycolysis in a short period compensates for impaired energy production and exerts partial renal-protective effects, but its long-term effect on renal function and AKI progression is not promising. Deranged FAO and enhanced glycolysis may contribute to the AKI to CKD transition through different molecular biological mechanisms. In this review, we concentrate on the recent pathological findings of AKI with regards to the metabolic reprogramming in PTCs, confirming that targeting metabolic reprogramming represents a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for the progression of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Medicial Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Shan Lu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
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267
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Macioszek S, Wawrzyniak R, Kranz A, Kordalewska M, Struck-Lewicka W, Dudzik D, Biesemans M, Maternik M, Żurowska AM, Markuszewski MJ. Comprehensive Metabolic Signature of Renal Dysplasia in Children. A Multiplatform Metabolomics Concept. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:665661. [PMID: 34395519 PMCID: PMC8358436 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.665661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal dysplasia is a severe congenital abnormality of the kidney parenchyma, which is an important cause of end-stage renal failure in childhood and early adulthood. The diagnosis of renal dysplasia relies on prenatal or postnatal ultrasounds as children show no specific clinical symptoms before chronic kidney disease develops. Prompt diagnosis is important in terms of early introduction of nephroprotection therapy and improved long-term prognosis. Metabolomics was applied to study children with renal dysplasia to provide insight into the changes in biochemical pathways underlying its pathology and in search of early indicators for facilitated diagnosis. The studied cohort consisted of 72 children, 39 with dysplastic kidneys and 33 healthy controls. All subjects underwent comprehensive urine metabolic profiling with the use of gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, with two complementary separation modes of the latter. Univariate and multivariate statistical calculations identified a total of nineteen metabolites, differentiating the compared cohorts, independent of their estimated glomerular filtration rate. Seven acylcarnitines, xanthine, and glutamine were downregulated in the urine of renal dysplasia patients. Conversely, renal dysplasia was associated with higher urinary levels of dimethylguanosine, threonic acid or glyceric acid. This is the first metabolomic study of subjects with renal dysplasia. The authors define a characteristic urine metabolic signature in children with dysplastic kidneys, irrespective of renal function, linking the condition with altered fatty acid oxidation, amino acid and purine metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Macioszek
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Renata Wawrzyniak
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Kranz
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Kordalewska
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Struck-Lewicka
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Danuta Dudzik
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Margot Biesemans
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Maternik
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Michał J Markuszewski
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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268
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Hong Z, Ma T, Liu X, Wang C. cGAS-STING pathway: post-translational modifications and functions in sterile inflammatory diseases. FEBS J 2021; 289:6187-6208. [PMID: 34310043 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic microbial and host aberrant DNAs act as danger signals and trigger host immune responses. Upon recognition, the cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) catalyzes the production of a second messenger 2'3'-cGAMP, which activates endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated stimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING) and ultimately leads to the induction of type I IFNs and inflammatory genes that collectively initiate host immune defense against microbial invasion. Inappropriate activation or suppression of this signaling pathway has been implicated in the development of some autoimmune diseases, sterile inflammation, and cancers. In this review, we describe how the activity of cGAS and STING is regulated by host post-translational modifications and summarize the recent advances of cell-specific cGAS-STING activation and its association in sterile inflammatory diseases. We also discuss key outstanding questions in the field, including how our knowledge of cGAS-STING pathway could be translated into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianchi Ma
- Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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269
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Zapata-Pérez R, Tammaro A, Schomakers BV, Scantlebery AML, Denis S, Elfrink HL, Giroud-Gerbetant J, Cantó C, López-Leonardo C, McIntyre RL, van Weeghel M, Sánchez-Ferrer Á, Houtkooper RH. Reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide is a new and potent NAD + precursor in mammalian cells and mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21456. [PMID: 33724555 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001826r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) homeostasis is constantly compromised due to degradation by NAD+ -dependent enzymes. NAD+ replenishment by supplementation with the NAD+ precursors nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) can alleviate this imbalance. However, NMN and NR are limited by their mild effect on the cellular NAD+ pool and the need of high doses. Here, we report a synthesis method of a reduced form of NMN (NMNH), and identify this molecule as a new NAD+ precursor for the first time. We show that NMNH increases NAD+ levels to a much higher extent and faster than NMN or NR, and that it is metabolized through a different, NRK and NAMPT-independent, pathway. We also demonstrate that NMNH reduces damage and accelerates repair in renal tubular epithelial cells upon hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Finally, we find that NMNH administration in mice causes a rapid and sustained NAD+ surge in whole blood, which is accompanied by increased NAD+ levels in liver, kidney, muscle, brain, brown adipose tissue, and heart, but not in white adipose tissue. Together, our data highlight NMNH as a new NAD+ precursor with therapeutic potential for acute kidney injury, confirm the existence of a novel pathway for the recycling of reduced NAD+ precursors and establish NMNH as a member of the new family of reduced NAD+ precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Zapata-Pérez
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Tammaro
- Pathology Department, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Angelique M L Scantlebery
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Denis
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hyung L Elfrink
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Carles Cantó
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Rebecca L McIntyre
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Álvaro Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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270
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Mitostasis, Calcium and Free Radicals in Health, Aging and Neurodegeneration. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11071012. [PMID: 34356637 PMCID: PMC8301949 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play key roles in ATP supply, calcium homeostasis, redox balance control and apoptosis, which in neurons are fundamental for neurotransmission and to allow synaptic plasticity. Their functional integrity is maintained by mitostasis, a process that involves mitochondrial transport, anchoring, fusion and fission processes regulated by different signaling pathways but mainly by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). PGC-1α also favors Ca2+ homeostasis, reduces oxidative stress, modulates inflammatory processes and mobilizes mitochondria to where they are needed. To achieve their functions, mitochondria are tightly connected to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through specialized structures of the ER termed mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), which facilitate the communication between these two organelles mainly to aim Ca2+ buffering. Alterations in mitochondrial activity enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, disturbing the physiological metabolism and causing cell damage. Furthermore, cytosolic Ca2+ overload results in an increase in mitochondrial Ca2+, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and the induction of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, leading to mitochondrial swelling and cell death through apoptosis as demonstrated in several neuropathologies. In summary, mitochondrial homeostasis is critical to maintain neuronal function; in fact, their regulation aims to improve neuronal viability and to protect against aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
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271
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Hoel A, Osman T, Hoel F, Elsaid H, Chen T, Landolt L, Babickova J, Tronstad KJ, Lorens JB, Gausdal G, Marti HP, Furriol J. Axl-inhibitor bemcentinib alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction in the unilateral ureter obstruction murine model. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7407-7417. [PMID: 34219376 PMCID: PMC8335678 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a progressive histological manifestation leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. In previous work, we showed that Bemcentinib, an Axl receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, reduced fibrosis development. In this study, to investigate its effects on mitochondrial dysfunction in renal fibrosis, we analysed genome‐wide transcriptomics data from a unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) murine model in the presence or absence of bemcentinib (n = 6 per group) and SHAM‐operated (n = 4) mice. Kidney ligation resulted in dysregulation of mitochondria‐related pathways, with a significant reduction in the expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), fatty acid oxidation (FAO), citric acid cycle (TCA), response to reactive oxygen species and amino acid metabolism‐related genes. Bemcentinib treatment increased the expression of these genes. In contrast, AKT/PI3K signalling pathway genes were up‐regulated upon UUO, but bemcentinib largely inhibited their expression. At the functional level, ligation reduced mitochondrial biomass, which was increased upon bemcentinib treatment. Serum metabolomics analysis also showed a normalizing amino acid profile in UUO, compared with SHAM‐operated mice following bemcentinib treatment. Our data suggest that mitochondria and mitochondria‐related pathways are dramatically affected by UUO surgery and treatment with Axl‐inhibitor bemcentinib partially reverses these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- August Hoel
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tarig Osman
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Fredrik Hoel
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hassan Elsaid
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tony Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lea Landolt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Janka Babickova
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - James B Lorens
- BerGenBio ASA, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Biomedicine, Center for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Hans-Peter Marti
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jessica Furriol
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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272
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Mitochondrial DNA-Mediated Inflammation in Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9985603. [PMID: 34306320 PMCID: PMC8263241 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9985603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The integrity and function of mitochondria are essential for normal kidney physiology. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been widely a concern in recent years because its abnormalities may result in disruption of aerobic respiration, cellular dysfunction, and even cell death. Particularly, aberrant mtDNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is associated with the development of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, and urinary mtDNA-CN shows the potential to be a promising indicator for clinical diagnosis and evaluation of kidney function. Several lines of evidence suggest that mtDNA may also trigger innate immunity, leading to kidney inflammation and fibrosis. In mechanism, mtDNA can be released into the cytoplasm under cell stress and recognized by multiple DNA-sensing mechanisms, including Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), cytosolic cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling, and inflammasome activation, which then mediate downstream inflammatory cascades. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of these mtDNA-sensing pathways mediating inflammatory responses and their role in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury, nondiabetic chronic kidney disease, and diabetic kidney disease. In addition, we highlight targeting of mtDNA-mediated inflammatory pathways as a novel therapeutic target for these kidney diseases.
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273
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Liu J, Jia Z, Gong W. Circulating Mitochondrial DNA Stimulates Innate Immune Signaling Pathways to Mediate Acute Kidney Injury. Front Immunol 2021; 12:680648. [PMID: 34248963 PMCID: PMC8264283 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly considered as a critical contributor to the occurrence and progression of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the mechanisms by which damaged mitochondria mediate AKI progression are multifactorial and complicated. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) released from damaged mitochondria could serve as a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and activate the innate immune system through STING, TLR9, NLRP3, and some other adaptors, and further mediate tubular cell inflammation and apoptosis. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the important role of circulating mtDNA and its related pathways in the progression of AKI, and regulating the proteins involved in these pathways may be an effective strategy to reduce renal tubular injury and alleviate AKI. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of recent studies on mtDNA-mediated renal pathological events to provide new insights in the setting of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaye Liu
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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274
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Chen R, Du J, Zhu H, Ling Q. The role of cGAS-STING signalling in liver diseases. JHEP Rep 2021; 3:100324. [PMID: 34381984 PMCID: PMC8340306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently identified novel cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) activates the downstream adaptor protein stimulator of interferon genes (STING) by catalysing the synthesis of cyclic GMP-AMP. This in turn initiates an innate immune response through the release of various cytokines, including type I interferon. Foreign DNA (microbial infection) or endogenous DNA (nuclear or mitochondrial leakage) can serve as cGAS ligands and lead to the activation of cGAS-STING signalling. Therefore, the cGAS-STING pathway plays essential roles in infectious diseases, sterile inflammation, tumours, and autoimmune diseases. In addition, cGAS-STING signalling affects the progression of liver inflammation through other mechanisms, such as autophagy and metabolism. In this review, we summarise recent advances in our understanding of the role of cGAS-STING signalling in the innate immune modulation of different liver diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting the cGAS-STING pathway in the treatment of liver diseases.
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Key Words
- AIM2, absent in melanoma 2
- ALD, alcohol-related liver disease
- APCs, antigen-presenting cells
- CDNs, cyclic dinucleotides
- DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns
- DCs, dendritic cells
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- GVHD, graft-versus-host disease
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HSCs, hepatic stellate cells
- IFN-I, type I interferon
- IL, interleukin
- IRF3, interferon regulatory factor 3
- IRI, ischaemia refusion injury
- KCs, Kupffer cells
- LSECs, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells
- MHC, major histocompatibility complex
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NK cells, natural killer cells
- NPCs, non-parenchymal cells
- PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- PD-1, programmed cell death protein-1
- PD-L1, programmed cell death protein ligand-1
- PPRs, pattern recognition receptors
- SAVI, STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy
- STING, stimulator of interferon genes
- TBK1, TANK-binding kinase 1
- TGF-β1, transforming growth factor-β1
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- TNF, tumour necrosis factor
- XRCC, X-ray repair cross complementing
- aHSCT, allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- cGAMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate
- cGAS, cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase
- cGAS-STING signalling
- dsDNA, double-strand DNA
- hepatocellular carcinoma
- innate immune response
- liver injury
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA
- nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
- ssRNA, single-stranded RNA
- viral hepatitis
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihan Chen
- Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Ling
- Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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275
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Yang S, He X, Zhao J, Wang D, Guo S, Gao T, Wang G, Jin C, Yan Z, Wang N, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Xing J, Huang Q. Mitochondrial transcription factor A plays opposite roles in the initiation and progression of colitis-associated cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:695-714. [PMID: 34160895 PMCID: PMC8360642 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are key regulators in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Alterations in mitochondrial function are closely associated with inflammation and tumorigenesis. This study aimed to investigate whether mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), a key regulator of mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication, is involved in the initiation and progression of colitis‐associated cancer (CAC). Methods TFAM expression was examined in tissue samples of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and CAC by immunohistochemistry. Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)‐specific TFAM‐knockout mice (TFAM△IEC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells with TFAM knockdown or overexpression were used to evaluate the role of TFAM in colitis and the initiation and progression of CAC. The underlying mechanisms of TFAM were also explored by analyzing mitochondrial respiration function and biogenesis. Results The expression of TFAM was downregulated in active IBD and negatively associated with the disease activity. The downregulation of TFAM in IECs was induced by interleukin‐6 in a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/miR‐23b‐dependent manner. In addition, TFAM knockout impaired IEC turnover to promote dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis in mice. Of note, TFAM knockout increased the susceptibility of mice to azoxymethane/DSS‐induced CAC and TFAM overexpression protected mice from intestinal inflammation and colitis‐associated tumorigenesis. By contrast, TFAM expression was upregulated in CAC tissues and contributed to cell growth. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that β‐catenin induced the upregulation of TFAM through c‐Myc in CRC cells. Mechanistically, TFAM promoted the proliferation of both IECs and CRC cells by increasing mitochondrial biogenesis and activity. Conclusions TFAM plays a dual role in the initiation and progression of CAC, providing a novel understanding of CAC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Xianli He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Dalin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Tian Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Chao Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Yongxing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Jinliang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Qichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
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276
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Reidy KJ, Ross MJ. Re-energizing the kidney: targeting fatty acid metabolism protects against kidney fibrosis. Kidney Int 2021; 100:742-744. [PMID: 34146599 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Reidy
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Michael J Ross
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Development and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
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277
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Abstract
cGAS (cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic AMP-GMP synthase)-STING (stimulator of interferon genes) signaling is critical for sensing cytosolic DNA to initiate host immune responses against invading pathogens and cancer. However, inappropriate activation of STING signaling causes severe and often fatal autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases. Hence, STING is an attractive drug target for the treatment of STING-driven autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Therefore, there is a need to identify lead compounds that effectively inhibit human STING for further drug development. Here, we identified and characterized a STING-specific inhibitor SN-011 with high efficiency, specificity, and safety, paving the way for therapeutically manipulating STING-mediated clinical diseases. Cytosolic DNA activates cGAS (cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic AMP-GMP synthase)-STING (stimulator of interferon genes) signaling, which triggers interferon and inflammatory responses that help defend against microbial infection and cancer. However, aberrant cytosolic self-DNA in Aicardi–Goutière’s syndrome and constituently active gain-of-function mutations in STING in STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI) patients lead to excessive type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines, which cause difficult-to-treat and sometimes fatal autoimmune disease. Here, in silico docking identified a potent STING antagonist SN-011 that binds with higher affinity to the cyclic dinucleotide (CDN)-binding pocket of STING than endogenous 2′3′-cGAMP. SN-011 locks STING in an open inactive conformation, which inhibits interferon and inflammatory cytokine induction activated by 2′3′-cGAMP, herpes simplex virus type 1 infection, Trex1 deficiency, overexpression of cGAS-STING, or SAVI STING mutants. In Trex1−/− mice, SN-011 was well tolerated, strongly inhibited hallmarks of inflammation and autoimmunity disease, and prevented death. Thus, a specific STING inhibitor that binds to the STING CDN-binding pocket is a promising lead compound for STING-driven disease.
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278
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Zhang R, Kang R, Tang D. The STING1 network regulates autophagy and cell death. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:208. [PMID: 34078874 PMCID: PMC8172903 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death and immune response are at the core of life. In past decades, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein STING1 (also known as STING or TMEM173) was found to play a fundamental role in the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to DNA derived from invading microbial pathogens or damaged hosts by activating multiple transcription factors. In addition to this well-known function in infection, inflammation, and immunity, emerging evidence suggests that the STING1-dependent signaling network is implicated in health and disease by regulating autophagic degradation or various cell death modalities (e.g., apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, mitotic cell death, and immunogenic cell death [ICD]). Here, we outline the latest advances in our understanding of the regulating mechanisms and signaling pathways of STING1 in autophagy and cell death, which may shed light on new targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Zhang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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279
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Oller J, Gabandé-Rodríguez E, Ruiz-Rodríguez MJ, Desdín-Micó G, Aranda JF, Rodrigues-Diez R, Ballesteros-Martínez C, Blanco EM, Roldan-Montero R, Acuña P, Forteza Gil A, Martín-López CE, Nistal JF, Lino Cardenas CL, Lindsay ME, Martín-Ventura JL, Briones AM, Miguel Redondo J, Mittelbrunn M. Extracellular Tuning of Mitochondrial Respiration Leads to Aortic Aneurysm. Circulation 2021; 143:2091-2109. [PMID: 33709773 PMCID: PMC8140666 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.051171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant disorder of the connective tissue caused by mutations in the FBN1 (fibrillin-1) gene encoding a large glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix called fibrillin-1. The major complication of this connective disorder is the risk to develop thoracic aortic aneurysm. To date, no effective pharmacologic therapies have been identified for the management of thoracic aortic disease and the only options capable of preventing aneurysm rupture are endovascular repair or open surgery. Here, we have studied the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the progression of thoracic aortic aneurysm and mitochondrial boosting strategies as a potential treatment to managing aortic aneurysms. METHODS Combining transcriptomics and metabolic analysis of aortas from an MFS mouse model (Fbn1c1039g/+) and MFS patients, we have identified mitochondrial dysfunction alongside with mtDNA depletion as a new hallmark of aortic aneurysm disease in MFS. To demonstrate the importance of mitochondrial decline in the development of aneurysms, we generated a conditional mouse model with mitochondrial dysfunction specifically in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) by conditional depleting Tfam (mitochondrial transcription factor A; Myh11-CreERT2Tfamflox/flox mice). We used a mouse model of MFS to test for drugs that can revert aortic disease by enhancing Tfam levels and mitochondrial respiration. RESULTS The main canonical pathways highlighted in the transcriptomic analysis in aortas from Fbn1c1039g/+ mice were those related to metabolic function, such as mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial complexes, whose transcription depends on Tfam and mitochondrial DNA content, were reduced in aortas from young Fbn1c1039g/+ mice. In vitro experiments in Fbn1-silenced VSMCs presented increased lactate production and decreased oxygen consumption. Similar results were found in MFS patients. VSMCs seeded in matrices produced by Fbn1-deficient VSMCs undergo mitochondrial dysfunction. Conditional Tfam-deficient VSMC mice lose their contractile capacity, showed aortic aneurysms, and died prematurely. Restoring mitochondrial metabolism with the NAD precursor nicotinamide riboside rapidly reverses aortic aneurysm in Fbn1c1039g/+ mice. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial function of VSMCs is controlled by the extracellular matrix and drives the development of aortic aneurysm in Marfan syndrome. Targeting vascular metabolism is a new available therapeutic strategy for managing aortic aneurysms associated with genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Oller
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., P.A., M.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., M.M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain (J.O., R.R-D., R.R-M., A.M.B., J.M.R.)
| | - Enrique Gabandé-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., P.A., M.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., M.M.)
| | | | - Gabriela Desdín-Micó
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., P.A., M.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., M.M.)
| | - Juan Francisco Aranda
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., P.A., M.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., M.M.)
| | - Raquel Rodrigues-Diez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain (J.O., R.R-D., R.R-M., A.M.B., J.M.R.)
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Spain (R.R-D., C.B-M., A.M.B.)
| | - Constanza Ballesteros-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Spain (R.R-D., C.B-M., A.M.B.)
| | - Eva María Blanco
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., P.A., M.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., M.M.)
| | - Raquel Roldan-Montero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain (J.O., R.R-D., R.R-M., A.M.B., J.M.R.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain (R.R-M. J.L.M-V.)
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain. (R.R-M., J.L.M-V.)
| | - Pedro Acuña
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., P.A., M.M.)
| | - Alberto Forteza Gil
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., P.A., M.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., M.M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain (J.O., R.R-D., R.R-M., A.M.B., J.M.R.)
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.J.R-R., J.M.R.)
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Spain (R.R-D., C.B-M., A.M.B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain (R.R-M. J.L.M-V.)
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain. (R.R-M., J.L.M-V.)
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. (J.F.N.)
- Massachusetts General Hospital Thoracic Aortic Center, Boston (C.L.L.C., M.E.L.)
| | - Carlos E. Martín-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., P.A., M.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., M.M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain (J.O., R.R-D., R.R-M., A.M.B., J.M.R.)
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.J.R-R., J.M.R.)
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Spain (R.R-D., C.B-M., A.M.B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain (R.R-M. J.L.M-V.)
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain. (R.R-M., J.L.M-V.)
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. (J.F.N.)
- Massachusetts General Hospital Thoracic Aortic Center, Boston (C.L.L.C., M.E.L.)
| | - J. Francisco Nistal
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. (J.F.N.)
| | | | - Mark Evan Lindsay
- Massachusetts General Hospital Thoracic Aortic Center, Boston (C.L.L.C., M.E.L.)
| | - José Luís Martín-Ventura
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain (R.R-M. J.L.M-V.)
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain. (R.R-M., J.L.M-V.)
| | - Ana M. Briones
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain (J.O., R.R-D., R.R-M., A.M.B., J.M.R.)
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Spain (R.R-D., C.B-M., A.M.B.)
| | - Juan Miguel Redondo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., M.M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain (J.O., R.R-D., R.R-M., A.M.B., J.M.R.)
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.J.R-R., J.M.R.)
| | - María Mittelbrunn
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (J.O., E.G-R., G.D-M., J.F.A., E.M.B., P.A., M.M.)
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Liu T, Liu S, Zhou X. Innate Immune Responses and Pulmonary Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1304:53-71. [PMID: 34019263 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68748-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity is the first defense line of the host against various infectious pathogens, environmental insults, and other stimuli causing cell damages. Upon stimulation, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) act as sensors to activate innate immune responses, containing NF-κB signaling, IFN response, and inflammasome activation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors (RLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), and other nucleic acid sensors are involved in innate immune responses. The activation of innate immune responses can facilitate the host to eliminate pathogens and maintain tissue homeostasis. However, the activity of innate immune responses needs to be tightly controlled to ensure the optimal intensity and duration of activation under various contexts. Uncontrolled innate immune responses can lead to various disorders associated with aberrant inflammatory response, including pulmonary diseases such as COPD, asthma, and COVID-19. In this chapter, we will have a broad overview of how innate immune responses function and the regulation and activation of innate immune response at molecular levels as well as their contribution to various pulmonary diseases. A better understanding of such association between innate immune responses and pulmonary diseases may provide potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Siqi Liu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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281
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Srivastava SP, Li J, Takagaki Y, Kitada M, Goodwin JE, Kanasaki K, Koya D. Endothelial SIRT3 regulates myofibroblast metabolic shifts in diabetic kidneys. iScience 2021; 24:102390. [PMID: 33981977 PMCID: PMC8086030 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in endothelial cells cause deterioration in kidney function and structure. Here, we found that endothelial SIRT3 regulates metabolic reprogramming and fibrogenesis in the kidneys of diabetic mice. By analyzing, gain of function of the SIRT3 gene by overexpression in a fibrotic mouse strain conferred disease resistance against diabetic kidney fibrosis, whereas its loss of function in endothelial cells exacerbated the levels of diabetic kidney fibrosis. Regulation of endothelial cell SIRT3 on fibrogenic processes was due to tight control over the defective central metabolism and linked activation of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). SIRT3 deficiency in endothelial cells stimulated the TGFβ/Smad3-dependent mesenchymal transformations in renal tubular epithelial cells. These data demonstrate that SIRT3 regulates defective metabolism and EndMT-mediated activation of the fibrogenic pathways in the diabetic kidneys. Together, our findings show that endothelial SIRT3 is a fundamental regulator of defective metabolism regulating health and disease processes in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics (Nephrology) Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yuta Takagaki
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Munehiro Kitada
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Julie E. Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics (Nephrology) Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University, Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
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282
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Zhou L, Zhang YF, Yang FH, Mao HQ, Chen Z, Zhang L. Mitochondrial DNA leakage induces odontoblast inflammation via the cGAS-STING pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:58. [PMID: 34016129 PMCID: PMC8136190 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00738-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a vital driver of inflammation when it leaks from damaged mitochondria into the cytosol. mtDNA stress may contribute to cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway activation in infectious diseases. Odontoblasts are the first cells challenged by cariogenic bacteria and involved in maintenance of the pulp immune and inflammatory responses to dentine-invading pathogens. In this study, we investigated that mtDNA as an important inflammatory driver participated in defending against bacterial invasion via cGAS-STING pathway in odontoblasts. Methods The normal tissues, caries tissues and pulpitis tissues were measured by western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Pulpitis model was built in vitro to evaluated the effect of the cGAS-STING pathway in odontoblast-like cell line (mDPC6T) under inflammation. Western blot and real-time PCR were performed to detect the expression of cGAS-STING pathway and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The mitochondrial function was evaluated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by mitochondria using MitoSOX Red dye staining. Cytosolic DNA was assessed by immunofluorescent staining and real-time PCR in mDPC6T cells after LPS stimulation. Furthermore, mDPC6T cells were treated with ethidium bromide (EtBr) to deplete mtDNA or transfected with isolated mtDNA. The expression of cGAS-STING pathway and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured. Results The high expression of cGAS and STING in caries and pulpitis tissues in patients, which was associated with inflammatory progression. The cGAS-STING pathway was activated in inflamed mDPC6T. STING knockdown inhibited the nuclear import of p65 and IRF3 and restricted the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines CXCL10 and IL-6 induced by LPS. LPS caused mitochondrial damage in mDPC6T, which promoted mtDNA leakage into the cytosol. Depletion of mtDNA inhibited the cGAS-STING pathway and nuclear translocation of p65 and IRF3. Moreover, repletion of mtDNA rescued the inflammatory response, which was inhibited by STING knockdown. Conclusion Our study systematically identified a novel mechanism of LPS-induced odontoblast inflammation, which involved mtDNA leakage from damaged mitochondria into the cytosol stimulating the cGAS-STING pathway and the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and CXCL10 secretion. The mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis could be a potent therapeutic target to prevent severe bacterial inflammation in pulpitis. Video Abstract
Graphic abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-021-00738-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Fei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fu-Hua Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han-Qing Mao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, HongShan District, LuoYu Road No. 237, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, HongShan District, LuoYu Road No. 237, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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283
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Tang C, Cai J, Yin XM, Weinberg JM, Venkatachalam MA, Dong Z. Mitochondrial quality control in kidney injury and repair. Nat Rev Nephrol 2021; 17:299-318. [PMID: 33235391 PMCID: PMC8958893 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-020-00369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for the activity, function and viability of eukaryotic cells and mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease, as well as in abnormal kidney repair after AKI. Multiple quality control mechanisms, including antioxidant defence, protein quality control, mitochondrial DNA repair, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, have evolved to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions. Loss of these mechanisms may induce mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, leading to cell death, tissue injury and, potentially, organ failure. Accumulating evidence suggests a role of disturbances in mitochondrial quality control in the pathogenesis of AKI, incomplete or maladaptive kidney repair and chronic kidney disease. Moreover, specific interventions that target mitochondrial quality control mechanisms to preserve and restore mitochondrial function have emerged as promising therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat kidney injury and accelerate kidney repair. However, clinical translation of these findings is challenging owing to potential adverse effects, unclear mechanisms of action and a lack of knowledge of the specific roles and regulation of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms in kidney resident and circulating cell types during injury and repair of the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joel M. Weinberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Manjeri A. Venkatachalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.,
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284
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Kidney physiology and susceptibility to acute kidney injury: implications for renoprotection. Nat Rev Nephrol 2021; 17:335-349. [PMID: 33547418 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-021-00394-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Kidney damage varies according to the primary insult. Different aetiologies of acute kidney injury (AKI), including kidney ischaemia, exposure to nephrotoxins, dehydration or sepsis, are associated with characteristic patterns of damage and changes in gene expression, which can provide insight into the mechanisms that lead to persistent structural and functional damage. Early morphological alterations are driven by a delicate balance between energy demand and oxygen supply, which varies considerably in different regions of the kidney. The functional heterogeneity of the various nephron segments is reflected in their use of different metabolic pathways. AKI is often linked to defects in kidney oxygen supply, and some nephron segments might not be able to shift to anaerobic metabolism under low oxygen conditions or might have remarkably low basal oxygen levels, which enhances their vulnerability to damage. Here, we discuss why specific kidney regions are at particular risk of injury and how this information might help to delineate novel routes for mitigating injury and avoiding permanent damage. We suggest that the physiological heterogeneity of the kidney should be taken into account when exploring novel renoprotective strategies, such as improvement of kidney tissue oxygenation, stimulation of hypoxia signalling pathways and modulation of cellular energy metabolism.
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285
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Lei Y, Guerra Martinez C, Torres-Odio S, Bell SL, Birdwell CE, Bryant JD, Tong CW, Watson RO, West LC, West AP. Elevated type I interferon responses potentiate metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and accelerated aging in mtDNA mutator mice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe7548. [PMID: 34039599 PMCID: PMC8153723 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe7548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key driver of inflammatory responses in human disease. However, it remains unclear whether alterations in mitochondria-innate immune cross-talk contribute to the pathobiology of mitochondrial disorders and aging. Using the polymerase gamma (POLG) mutator model of mitochondrial DNA instability, we report that aberrant activation of the type I interferon (IFN-I) innate immune axis potentiates immunometabolic dysfunction, reduces health span, and accelerates aging in mutator mice. Mechanistically, elevated IFN-I signaling suppresses activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which increases oxidative stress, enhances proinflammatory cytokine responses, and accelerates metabolic dysfunction. Ablation of IFN-I signaling attenuates hyperinflammatory phenotypes by restoring NRF2 activity and reducing aerobic glycolysis, which combine to lessen cardiovascular and myeloid dysfunction in aged mutator mice. These findings further advance our knowledge of how mitochondrial dysfunction shapes innate immune responses and provide a framework for understanding mitochondria-driven immunopathology in POLG-related disorders and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjiu Lei
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Camila Guerra Martinez
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Sylvia Torres-Odio
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Samantha L Bell
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Christine E Birdwell
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Joshua D Bryant
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Carl W Tong
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Robert O Watson
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Laura Ciaccia West
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - A Phillip West
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA.
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286
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李 永, 崔 淑, 孟 卫, 胡 海, 王 琛. [Mitochondrial DNA and cGAS-STING Innate Immune Signaling Pathway: Latest Research Progress]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2021; 52:387-395. [PMID: 34018355 PMCID: PMC10409199 DOI: 10.12182/20210560501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are important organelles that present extensively in cells, serving diverse functions. In addition to controlling cell energy production and metabolism, mitochondria are also involved in various biological processes, including anti-infection, apoptosis, and autophagy. Harmful stimuli from external environment or those generated by the cells themselves can damage mitochondria and cause mitochondrial stress response, during which the mitochondrial matrix containing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can leak into the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic mtDNA, acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), can activate a panel of DNA sensors and elicit innate immune response in organisms. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), a key intracellular DNA sensor, can catalyze the conversion of GTP and ATP to cyclic GMP-AMP (2'3'-cGAMP), which serves as second messenger to bind and activate stimulator of interferon gene (STING), an endoplasmic adaptor protein. Beyond its critical roles in anti-microbial immunity, cGAS-STING pathway also serves important functions in many pathological and physiological processes such as autoimmunity, tumor and senescence. In this review, we focus on how the mtDNA released during mitochonrial stress response activates the cGAS-STING innate immune signaling pathway and the associated diseases, in order to help promote basic research about the role of mitochondria in innate immunity and provide new strategies for developing mitochondria-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- 永兴 李
- 中国药科大学 天然药物活性组分与药效国家重点实验室 (中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院) (南京 210009)State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - 淑方 崔
- 中国药科大学 天然药物活性组分与药效国家重点实验室 (中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院) (南京 210009)State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - 卫 孟
- 中国药科大学 天然药物活性组分与药效国家重点实验室 (中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院) (南京 210009)State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - 海洋 胡
- 中国药科大学 天然药物活性组分与药效国家重点实验室 (中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院) (南京 210009)State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - 琛 王
- 中国药科大学 天然药物活性组分与药效国家重点实验室 (中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院) (南京 210009)State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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287
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Wang X, Yang B, Cao HL, Wang RY, Lu ZY, Chi RF, Li B. Selenium Supplementation Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Heart Injury via Sting Pathway in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1885-1892. [PMID: 32737811 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunctions are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Selenium, an essential trace element, has been reported to exert anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis. However, the protective effects of selenium on LPS-induced heart injury are still poorly illustrated. Therefore, in the present study, we sought to explore the effects of selenium pretreatment on LPS-induced myocardial injury in mice. We firstly found that selenium pretreatment significantly improved markers of myocardial injury and alleviated LPS-induced myocardial dysfunctions. Moreover, selenium supplementation reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, decreased oxidative stress, and inhibited myocardial apoptosis. In addition, selenium supplementation inactivated the Sting pathway. In conclusion, our study suggests that selenium exerts protective effects on LPS-induced myocardial injury, and the underlying molecular mechanism may be related to the inactivation of Sting pathway, implying a potential therapy for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Hui-Li Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Rui-Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Rui-Fang Chi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Bao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Geng K, Ma X, Jiang Z, Huang W, Gao C, Pu Y, Luo L, Xu Y, Xu Y. Innate Immunity in Diabetic Wound Healing: Focus on the Mastermind Hidden in Chronic Inflammatory. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:653940. [PMID: 33967796 PMCID: PMC8097165 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.653940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that the interaction between immune and metabolic responses is essential for maintaining tissue and organ homeostasis. These interacting disorders contribute to the development of chronic diseases associated with immune-aging such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In Diabetic wound (DW), innate immune cells respond to the Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMAs) and/or Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), changes from resting to an active phenotype, and play an important role in the triggering and maintenance of inflammation. Furthermore, the abnormal activation of innate immune pathways secondary to immune-aging also plays a key role in DW healing. Here, we review studies of innate immune cellular molecular events that identify metabolic disorders in the local microenvironment of DW and provide a historical perspective. At the same time, we describe some of the recent progress, such as TLR receptor-mediated intracellular signaling pathways that lead to the activation of NF-κB and the production of various pro-inflammatory mediators, NLRP3 inflammatory via pyroptosis, induction of IL-1β and IL-18, cGAS-STING responds to mitochondrial injury and endoplasmic reticulum stress, links sensing of metabolic stress to activation of pro-inflammatory cascades. Besides, JAK-STAT is also involved in DW healing by mediating the action of various innate immune effectors. Finally, we discuss the great potential of targeting these innate immune pathways and reprogramming innate immune cell phenotypes in DW therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Geng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, China.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, China.,Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Construction Specialty, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Ma
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, China.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, China
| | - Zongzhe Jiang
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, China
| | - Chenlin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, China
| | - Yueli Pu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, China
| | - Lifang Luo
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, China.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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289
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Myakala K, Jones BA, Wang XX, Levi M. Sacubitril/valsartan treatment has differential effects in modulating diabetic kidney disease in db/db mice and KKAy mice compared with valsartan treatment. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F1133-F1151. [PMID: 33870733 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00614.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although renin-angiotensin blockade has shown beneficial outcomes in patients with diabetes, renal injury progresses in most of these patients. Therefore, there remains a need for new therapeutic targets in diabetic kidney disease. Enhancement of vasoactive peptides, such as natriuretic peptides, via neprilysin inhibition, has been a new approach. A first-in-class drug, sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val), a combination of the angiotensin II receptor blocker Val and neprilysin inhibitor prodrug Sac, has been shown to be more effective than renin-angiotensin blockade alone in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. In this study, we tested the effects of Sac/Val in diabetic kidney disease. We administered Sac/Val or Val to two type 2 diabetes mouse models, db/db mice or KKAy mice. After 3 mo of treatment, Sac/Val attenuated the progression of proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis, and podocyte loss in both models of diabetic mice. Val shared a similar improvement but to a lesser degree in some parameters compared with Sac/Val. Sac/Val but not Val decreased the blood glucose level in KKAy mice. Sac/Val exerted renal protection through coordinated effects on antioxidative stress and anti-inflammation. In both diabetic models, we revealed a new mechanism to cause inflammation, self-DNA-activated cGMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling, which was activated in diabetic kidneys and prevented by Sac/Val or Val treatment. The present data suggest that Sac/Val has sufficient therapeutical potential to counter the pathophysiological effects of diabetic kidney disease, and its effectiveness could be better than Val alone.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The first-in-class drug sacubitril/valsartan, a combination of the angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan and neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril, was tested for its effects in diabetic kidney disease using db/db mice and KKAy mice. We found that Sac/Val has sufficient therapeutical potential to counter the pathophysiological effects of diabetic kidney disease. We further revealed a new mechanism to cause inflammation, self-DNA-activated cGAS-STING signaling, which was activated in diabetic kidneys and prevented by sacubitril/valsartan or valsartan treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komuraiah Myakala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Bryce A Jones
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Xiaoxin X Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Moshe Levi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
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290
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Comish PB, Liu MM, Huebinger R, Carlson D, Kang R, Tang D. The cGAS-STING pathway connects mitochondrial damage to inflammation in burn-induced acute lung injury in rat. Burns 2021; 48:168-175. [PMID: 33879372 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are pathological mediators linking local tissue damage to systemic inflammation in various diseases. Some DAMPs, such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), can be recognized by the cytoplasmic cGAS protein to trigger the activation of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent innate immune pathway responsible for infection or sterile inflammation. The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between circulating mtDNA and cGAS-STING pathway activation in mediating inflammation following burn injury. METHODS 48 adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into eight groups (Sham, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 h after burn injury). The animals underwent 40% total body surface area scald injury to produce a full-thickness burn. Plasma samples were collected via cardiac puncture under deep anesthesia. Tissues were harvested and placed in formalin, followed by paraffin embedment. Total plasma DNA was isolated followed by measurement of mtDNA using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Haemotoxylin-Eosin stain and Western blot was used for lung histology and protein assays, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and student's t-test and represented as mean ± s.d. RESULTS Plasma mtDNA trended upward at early time-points following burn injury with peak levels at 8 h after burn when compared to the control group (345 ± 83.4 copies/μl vs. 239 ± 43.1 copies/μl, p = 0.07) and followed a bell-shaped distribution. Lung slices from burned rats showed acute injury marked by increased inflammatory infiltrate, with the maximum changes seen at 24 h, accompanied with significant upregulation of neutrophil elastase (p = 0.04). Compared with sham animals, cGAS and STING protein levels in lung tissue were up-regulated at 4 and 8 h after burn (p = 0.03 and p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Activation of the cGAS-STING pathway by increased plasma mtDNA is an important pathway driving neutrophil infiltration in burn-induced acute lung injury in rats. A further understanding of the STING-mediated immunopathology in lung and other susceptible organs may be important for the development of novel therapies for burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Comish
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Ming-Mei Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ryan Huebinger
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Deborah Carlson
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.
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291
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Li C, Zhang L, Qian D, Cheng M, Hu H, Hong Z, Cui Y, Yu H, Wang Q, Zhu J, Meng W, Xu JF, Sun Y, Zhang P, Wang C. RNF111-facilitated neddylation potentiates cGAS-mediated antiviral innate immune response. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009401. [PMID: 33720974 PMCID: PMC7959372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthetase (cGAS) has emerged as a fundamental component fueling the anti-pathogen immunity. Because of its pivotal role in initiating innate immune response, the activity of cGAS must be tightly fine-tuned to maintain immune homeostasis in antiviral response. Here, we reported that neddylation modification was indispensable for appropriate cGAS-STING signaling activation. Blocking neddylation pathway using neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 substantially impaired the induction of type I interferon and proinflammatory cytokines, which was selectively dependent on Nedd8 E2 enzyme Ube2m. We further found that deficiency of the Nedd8 E3 ligase Rnf111 greatly attenuated DNA-triggered cGAS activation while not affecting cGAMP induced activation of STING, demonstrating that Rnf111 was the Nedd8 E3 ligase of cGAS. By performing mass spectrometry, we identified Lys231 and Lys421 as essential neddylation sites in human cGAS. Mechanistically, Rnf111 interacted with and polyneddylated cGAS, which in turn promoted its dimerization and enhanced the DNA-binding ability, leading to proper cGAS-STING pathway activation. In the same line, the Ube2m or Rnf111 deficiency mice exhibited severe defects in innate immune response and were susceptible to HSV-1 infection. Collectively, our study uncovered a vital role of the Ube2m-Rnf111 neddylation axis in promoting the activity of the cGAS-STING pathway and highlighted the importance of neddylation modification in antiviral defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingxing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ze Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Cui
- Division of Immunology, The Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Huansha Yu
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-fu Xu
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Cancer Institute of the 2 affiliated hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (YS); (PZ); (CW)
| | - Peng Zhang
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (YS); (PZ); (CW)
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (YS); (PZ); (CW)
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292
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Inagi R. Organelle stress and glycation in kidney disease. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:341-346. [PMID: 33709200 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-09989-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glycation of proteins is a non-enzymatic posttranslational modification. Such random modification often deranges the structure and function of a wide range of proteins, and in turn leads to cellular dysfunction and organ damage. Protein glycation is thus an important topic in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the development or progression of various kinds of diabetes-related diseases. Meanwhile, organelle stress, such as mitochondrial or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) damage, is a causal factor for cellular dysfunction. Under pathogenic conditions, mitochondrial stress and ER stress are induced by glycated proteins. Intensive research has revealed the molecular mechanism of how glycation contributes to cell fate via organelle stress. This article will summarize the most recent evidence on organelle stress and glycation in kidney disease, especially diabetic kidney disease (DKD) associated with high glycation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Inagi
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
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293
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Onishi M, Okamoto K. Mitochondrial clearance: mechanisms and roles in cellular fitness. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:1239-1263. [PMID: 33615465 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy is one of the selective autophagy pathways that catabolizes dysfunctional or superfluous mitochondria. Under mitophagy-inducing conditions, mitochondria are labeled with specific molecular landmarks that recruit the autophagy machinery to the surface of mitochondria, enclosed into autophagosomes, and delivered to lysosomes (vacuoles in yeast) for degradation. As damaged mitochondria are the major sources of reactive oxygen species, mitophagy is critical for mitochondrial quality control and cellular health. Moreover, appropriate control of mitochondrial quantity via mitophagy is vital for the energy supply-demand balance in cells and whole organisms, cell differentiation, and developmental programs. Thus, it seems conceivable that defects in mitophagy could elicit pleiotropic pathologies such as excess inflammation, tissue injury, neurodegeneration, and aging. In this review, we will focus on the molecular basis and physiological relevance of mitophagy, and potential of mitophagy as a therapeutic target to overcome such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashun Onishi
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Okamoto
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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294
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Yasukawa K, Koshiba T. Mitochondrial reactive zones in antiviral innate immunity. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129839. [PMID: 33412226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are multi-functioning organelles that participate in a wide range of biologic processes from energy metabolism to cellular suicide. Mitochondria are also involved in the cellular innate immune response against microorganisms or environmental irritants, particularly in mammals. Mitochondrial-mediated innate immunity is achieved by the activation of two discrete signaling pathways, the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasomes and the retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptor pathway. In both pathways, a mitochondrial outer membrane adaptor protein, called mitochondrial antiviral signaling MAVS, and mitochondria-derived components play a key role in signal transduction. In this review, we discuss current insights regarding the fundamental phenomena of mitochondrial-related innate immune responses, and review the specific roles of various mitochondrial subcompartments in fine-tuning innate immune signaling events. We propose that specific targeting of mitochondrial functions is a potential therapeutic approach for the management of infectious diseases and autoinflammatory disorders with an excessive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yasukawa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takumi Koshiba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
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295
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Miguel V, Tituaña J, Herrero JI, Herrero L, Serra D, Cuevas P, Barbas C, Puyol DR, Márquez-Expósito L, Ruiz-Ortega M, Castillo C, Sheng X, Susztak K, Ruiz-Canela M, Salas-Salvadó J, González MAM, Ortega S, Ramos R, Lamas S. Renal tubule Cpt1a overexpression protects from kidney fibrosis by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:140695. [PMID: 33465052 DOI: 10.1172/jci140695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a major epidemiological, clinical, and biomedical challenge. During CKD, renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) present a persistent inflammatory and profibrotic response. Fatty acid oxidation (FAO), the main source of energy for TECs, is reduced in kidney fibrosis and contributes to its pathogenesis. To determine whether gain of function in FAO (FAO-GOF) could protect from fibrosis, we generated a conditional transgenic mouse model with overexpression of the fatty acid shuttling enzyme carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1A (CPT1A) in TECs. Cpt1a-knockin (CPT1A-KI) mice subjected to 3 models of renal fibrosis (unilateral ureteral obstruction, folic acid nephropathy [FAN], and adenine-induced nephrotoxicity) exhibited decreased expression of fibrotic markers, a blunted proinflammatory response, and reduced epithelial cell damage and macrophage influx. Protection from fibrosis was also observed when Cpt1a overexpression was induced after FAN. FAO-GOF restored oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial number and enhanced bioenergetics, increasing palmitate oxidation and ATP levels, changes that were also recapitulated in TECs exposed to profibrotic stimuli. Studies in patients showed decreased CPT1 levels and increased accumulation of short- and middle-chain acylcarnitines, reflecting impaired FAO in human CKD. We propose that strategies based on FAO-GOF may constitute powerful alternatives to combat fibrosis inherent to CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Miguel
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jessica Tituaña
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - J Ignacio Herrero
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolors Serra
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Cuevas
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez Puyol
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Research Foundation of the University Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias," IRYCIS, Alcalá University, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Márquez-Expósito
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory. Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory. Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Castillo
- University Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias", Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xin Sheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA (Health Research Institute of Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martínez González
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA (Health Research Institute of Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sagrario Ortega
- Transgenics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Ramos
- Genomic Facility, Parque Científico de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
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296
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Gong W, Lu L, Zhou Y, Liu J, Ma H, Fu L, Huang S, Zhang Y, Zhang A, Jia Z. The novel STING antagonist H151 ameliorates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury and mitochondrial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F608-F616. [PMID: 33615891 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00554.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an important adaptor in cytosolic DNA-sensing pathways. A recent study found that the deletion of STING ameliorated cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), suggesting that STING could serve as a potential target for AKI therapy. Up to now, a series of small-molecule STING inhibitors/antagonists have been identified. However, none of the research was performed to explore the role of human STING inhibitors in AKI. Here, we investigated the effect of a newly generated covalent antagonist, H151, which targets both human and murine STING, in cisplatin-induced AKI. We found that H151 treatment significantly ameliorated cisplatin-induced kidney injury as shown by the improvement of renal function, kidney morphology, and renal inflammation. In addition, tubular cell apoptosis and increased renal tubular injury marker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin induced by cisplatin were also effectively attenuated in H151-treated mice. Moreover, the mitochondrial injury caused by cisplatin was also reversed as evidenced by improved mitochondrial morphology, restored mitochondrial DNA content, and reversed mitochondrial gene expression. Finally, we observed enhanced mitochondrial DNA levels in the plasma of patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy compared with healthy controls, which could potentially activate STING signaling. Taken together, these findings suggested that H151 could be a potential therapeutic agent for treating AKI possibly through inhibiting STING-mediated inflammation and mitochondrial injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although various stimulator of interferon genes (STING) inhibitors have been identified, no research was performed to investigate the role of human STING inhibitors in AKI. Here, we evaluated the effect of H151 targeting both human and murine STING on cisplatin-induced AKI and observed a protection against renal injury possibly through ameliorating inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gong
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingling Lu
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaye Liu
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoyang Ma
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lvhan Fu
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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297
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Lu GF, Chen SC, Xia YP, Ye ZM, Cao F, Hu B. Synergistic inflammatory signaling by cGAS may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:5650-5673. [PMID: 33589571 PMCID: PMC7950297 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inappropriate activation or overactivation of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) by double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) initiates a regulatory signaling cascade triggering a variety of inflammatory responses, which are a great threat to human health. This study focused on identifying the role of cGAS in atherosclerosis and its potential mechanisms. The relationship between cGAS and atherosclerosis was identified in an ApoE -/- mouse model. Meanwhile, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of the underlying mechanisms of atherosclerosis in RAW264.7 macrophages treated with cGAS inhibition was conducted. Results showed that cGAS was positively correlated with atherosclerotic plaque area, and was mainly distributed in macrophages. RNA-seq analysis revealed that inflammatory response, immune response and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction may play important roles in the development of atherosclerosis. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that the expression of the pro-inflammatory factors, signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat), interferon regulatory factor (Irf), toll-like receptors (Tlrs), and type I interferons (Ifns) were synergistically reduced when cGAS was inhibited. Furthermore, cGAS inhibition significantly inhibited RAW264.7 macrophage M1 polarization. These results demonstrate that cGAS may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis through synergistic inflammatory signaling of TLRs, STAT/IRF as well as IFNs, leading to macrophage M1 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Feng Lu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Sheng-Cai Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuan-Peng Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zi-Ming Ye
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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298
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Yu SMW, Bonventre JV. Acute kidney injury and maladaptive tubular repair leading to renal fibrosis. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2021; 29:310-318. [PMID: 32205583 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite improvements in acute kidney injury (AKI) detection, therapeutic options to halt the progression of AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain limited. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries related to the pathophysiology of the AKI to CKD continuum, particularly involving the renal tubular epithelial cells, and also discuss related ongoing clinical trials. While our focus is on injured renal tubular epithelial cells as initiators of the cascade of events resulting in paracrine effects on other cells of the kidney, the summation of maladaptive responses from various kidney cell types ultimately leads to fibrosis and dysfunction characteristic of CKD. RECENT FINDINGS Recent findings that we will focus on include, but are not limited to, characterizations of: the association between cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence in renal tubular epithelial cells and its contribution to renal fibrosis, chronic inflammation with persistent cytokine production and lymphocyte infiltration among unrepaired renal tubules, mitochondrial dysfunction and a unique role of cytosolic mitochondria DNA in fibrogenesis, prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins as potential therapeutic targets, and novel mechanisms involving the Hippo/yes-associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding pathway. SUMMARY Potential therapeutic options to address CKD progression will be informed by a better understanding of fibrogenic pathways. Recent advances suggest additional drug targets in the various pathways leading to fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M-W Yu
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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299
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Dhillon P, Park J, Hurtado Del Pozo C, Li L, Doke T, Huang S, Zhao J, Kang HM, Shrestra R, Balzer MS, Chatterjee S, Prado P, Han SY, Liu H, Sheng X, Dierickx P, Batmanov K, Romero JP, Prósper F, Li M, Pei L, Kim J, Montserrat N, Susztak K. The Nuclear Receptor ESRRA Protects from Kidney Disease by Coupling Metabolism and Differentiation. Cell Metab 2021; 33:379-394.e8. [PMID: 33301705 PMCID: PMC9259369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disease is poorly understood because of the organ's cellular diversity. We used single-cell RNA sequencing not only in resolving differences in injured kidney tissue cellular composition but also in cell-type-specific gene expression in mouse models of kidney disease. This analysis highlighted major changes in cellular diversity in kidney disease, which markedly impacted whole-kidney transcriptomics outputs. Cell-type-specific differential expression analysis identified proximal tubule (PT) cells as the key vulnerable cell type. Through unbiased cell trajectory analyses, we show that PT cell differentiation is altered in kidney disease. Metabolism (fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation) in PT cells showed the strongest and most reproducible association with PT cell differentiation and disease. Coupling of cell differentiation and the metabolism was established by nuclear receptors (estrogen-related receptor alpha [ESRRA] and peroxisomal proliferation-activated receptor alpha [PPARA]) that directly control metabolic and PT-cell-specific gene expression in mice and patient samples while protecting from kidney disease in the mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Dhillon
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jihwan Park
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Carmen Hurtado Del Pozo
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tomohito Doke
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shizheng Huang
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hyun Mi Kang
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Laboratory of Disease Modeling and Therapeutics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rojesh Shrestra
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael S Balzer
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shatakshee Chatterjee
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patricia Prado
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Seung Yub Han
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pieterjan Dierickx
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kirill Batmanov
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juan P Romero
- Cell Therapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Oncohematology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Hematology and Area of Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Cell Therapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Oncohematology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Hematology and Area of Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Liming Pei
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Junhyong Kim
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nuria Montserrat
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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300
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Harzandi A, Lee S, Bidkhori G, Saha S, Hendry BM, Mardinoglu A, Shoaie S, Sharpe CC. Acute kidney injury leading to CKD is associated with a persistence of metabolic dysfunction and hypertriglyceridemia. iScience 2021; 24:102046. [PMID: 33554059 PMCID: PMC7843454 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the pathophysiological hallmark of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). The kidney is a highly metabolically active organ, and it has been suggested that disruption in its metabolism leads to renal fibrosis. We developed a longitudinal mouse model of acute kidney injury leading to CKD and an in vitro model of epithelial to mesenchymal transition to study changes in metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis. Using transcriptomics, metabolic modeling, and serum metabolomics, we observed sustained fatty acid metabolic dysfunction in the mouse model from early to late stages of CKD. Increased fatty acid biosynthesis and downregulation of catabolic pathways for triglycerides and diacylglycerides were associated with a marked increase in these lipids in the serum. We therefore suggest that the kidney may be the source of the abnormal lipid profile seen in patients with CKD, which may provide insights into the association between CKD and cardiovascular disease. Following AKI, markers of fibrosis and inflammation go up simultaneously AKI is associated with reduced fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation Changes in metabolism persist as chronic kidney disease develops Changes in metabolism are associated with increased serum levels of triglycerides
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Harzandi
- Renal Sciences, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, SE5 9NU London, UK
| | - Sunjae Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea, 61005
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, SE1 9RT London, UK
| | - Gholamreza Bidkhori
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, SE1 9RT London, UK
| | - Sujit Saha
- Renal Sciences, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, SE5 9NU London, UK
| | - Bruce M. Hendry
- Renal Sciences, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, SE5 9NU London, UK
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, SE1 9RT London, UK
- Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab), KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, Solna, Stockholm 171 65, Sweden
- Corresponding author
| | - Saeed Shoaie
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, SE1 9RT London, UK
- Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab), KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, Solna, Stockholm 171 65, Sweden
- Corresponding author
| | - Claire C. Sharpe
- Renal Sciences, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, SE5 9NU London, UK
- Corresponding author
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