301
|
Malhotra V. Should sperm DNA fragmentation testing be routinely used in assessing male infertility? Transl Androl Urol 2017; 6:S699-S701. [PMID: 29082203 PMCID: PMC5643609 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2017.06.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
|
302
|
Gursoy AF, Tokmak A, Eroğlu S, Yesilyurt H. EFFECT OF INSULIN RESISTANCE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF PREGNANCY IN WOMEN TREATED EMPIRICALLY FOR UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA-BUCHAREST 2017; 13:314-321. [PMID: 31149193 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2017.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Context The detrimental effects of hyperinsulinemia on human ovaries during follicular development process have been shown in various studies, particularly in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. To our knowledge there is no study regarding the effect of insulin resistance (IR) on the intrauterine insemination (IUI) success in women with unexplained infertility (UEI). Objective To evaluate the effects of IR on the occurrence of pregnancy among infertile women undergoing ovulation induction (OI) with IUI for UEI. Design Prospective cohort study. Subjects and Methods 173 patients who met the criteria for UEI and under the age of 35 were included in this study. All women underwent OI with IUI and, subsequently, they were divided into two groups based on the presence of pregnancy. Data reviewed for analysis were demographic, clinical, and laboratory features. Results There were 37 (21.4%) cycles with pregnancy and 136 (78.6%) cycles without pregnancy. Median infertility duration was significantly lower in the pregnant group when compared with non-pregnants (p=0.018). The mean number of previous cycles per patient was also lower in this group (p=0.028). No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of other variables. Levels of insulin, fasting glucose and HOMA-IR were also similar between the two groups. Conclusions IR calculated by using HOMA-IR index has no positive or negative effect on the occurrence of pregnancy in women undergoing OI therapy with IUI for UEI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A F Gursoy
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Research and Education Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Tokmak
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Research and Education Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Eroğlu
- Karabuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - H Yesilyurt
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Research and Education Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
303
|
Min KB, Min JY. Exposure to environmental noise and risk for male infertility: A population-based cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 226:118-124. [PMID: 28411496 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noise is associated with poor reproductive health. A number of animal studies have suggested the possible effects of exposure to high noise levels on fertility; to date, a little such research has been performed on humans. OBJECTIVES We examined an association between daytime and nocturnal noise exposures over four years (2002-2005) and subsequent male infertility. METHODS We used the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (2002-2013), a population-wide health insurance claims dataset. A total of 206,492 males of reproductive age (20-59 years) with no history of congenital malformations were followed up for an 8-year period (2006-2013). Male infertility was defined as per ICD-10 code N46. Data on noise exposure was obtained from the National Noise Information System. Exposure levels of daytime and night time noise were extrapolated using geographic information systems and collated with the subjects' administrative district code, and individual exposure levels assigned. RESULTS During the study period, 3293 (1.6%) had a diagnosis of infertility. Although there was no association of infertility with 1-dB increments in noise exposure, a non-linear dose-response relationship was observed between infertility and quartiles of daytime and night time noise after adjustment for confounding variables (i.e., age, income, residential area, exercise, smoking, alcohol drinking, blood sugar, body mass index, medical histories, and particulate pollution). Based on WHO criteria, adjusted odds for infertility were significantly increased (OR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.23) in males exposed to night time noise ≥ 55 dB. CONCLUSION We found a significant association between exposure to environmental noise for four years and the subsequent incidence of male infertility, suggesting long-term exposure to noise has a role in pathogenesis of male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Bok Min
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Min
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
304
|
Alimohammadi M, Jafari-Mansoorian H, Hashemi SY, Momenabadi V, Ghasemi SM, Karimyan K. Review on the Implementation of the Islamic Republic of Iran about Tobacco Control, Based on MPOWER, in the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control by the World Health Organization. ADDICTION & HEALTH 2017; 9:183-189. [PMID: 29657699 PMCID: PMC5894798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is the largest preventable cause of death in the world, killing nearly 6 million people annually. This article is an investigation of measures implemented laws in the Iran to study the proposed strategy of control and reduce tobacco use based on the monitor, protect, offer, warn, enforce and raise (MPOWER) policy. METHODS All laws approved by the Parliament along with the instructions on tobacco control prepared by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade were collected and studied. Moreover, practical steps of Ministry of Health and other organizations were examined in this regard. FINDINGS Iranian Parliament after the adoption of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) acts to create a comprehensive and systematic program for tobacco control legislation as a first step towards comprehensive national tobacco control and combat. In this law and its implementing guidelines and based on the strategy of MPOWER, specific implement is done to monitor tobacco use and prevention policies, protect people from tobacco smoke, offer help to quit tobacco use, warn about the dangers of tobacco, enforce bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship and raise taxes on tobacco. However, the full objectives of the legislation have not achieved yet. CONCLUSION According to Iran's membership in the FCTC and executive producer of tobacco control laws and regulations, necessary infrastructure is ready for a serious fight with tobacco use. In Iran, in comparison with developed countries, there is a huge gap between ratified laws and performing of laws.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Alimohammadi
- Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Jafari-Mansoorian
- Lecturer, Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman AND Young Researchers and Elite Club, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Seyed Yaser Hashemi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Victoria Momenabadi
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Ghasemi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamaladdin Karimyan
- Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj AND PhD Student, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
305
|
Healthy preconception nutrition and lifestyle using personalized mobile health coaching is associated with enhanced pregnancy chance. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 35:453-460. [PMID: 28688924 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Periconceptional nutrition and lifestyle are essential in pathogenesis and prevention of most reproductive failures, pregnancy outcome and future health. We aimed to investigate whether personalized mobile health (mHealth) coaching empowers couples contemplating pregnancy to increase healthy behaviour and chances of pregnancy. A survey was conducted among 1053 women and 332 male partners who received individual coaching using the mHealth programme 'Smarter Pregnancy' to change poor nutrition and lifestyle for 26 weeks, depending on pregnancy state and gender. Poor behaviours were translated into a total risk score (TRS) and Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate associations with the chance of pregnancy adjusted for fertility status, age and baseline body mass index expressed as adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). A lower (a)HR suggests a higher chance of achieving pregnancy. A higher TRS was significantly associated with a lower chance of pregnancy in all women (aHR 0.79, 95% CI 0.72-0.85) and (a)HR was lowest in women whose male partner participated (aHR 0.75, 95% CI 0.61-0.91). This survey shows that empowerment of couples in changing poor nutrition and lifestyle using personalized mHealth coaching is associated with an enhanced pregnancy chance in both infertile and fertile couples.
Collapse
|
306
|
Naz M, Kamal M. Classification, causes, diagnosis and treatment of male infertility: a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-017-0269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
307
|
Santana VP, Miranda-Furtado CL, de Oliveira-Gennaro FG, Dos Reis RM. Genetics and epigenetics of varicocele pathophysiology: an overview. J Assist Reprod Genet 2017; 34:839-847. [PMID: 28523408 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-017-0931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicocele is found in approximately 20% of adults and adolescents and in 19-41% of men seeking treatment for infertility. It is associated with a decrease in sperm count as well as sperm motility and morphology. The currently accepted description of the pathophysiology of varicocele does not explain all its clinical manifestations; therefore, other factors such as genetic and epigenetic changes, associated with the environment, might be involved in causing infertility and decrease in sperm quality. It has been reported that the varicocele-induced deterioration of testicular function is progressive and interferes with fertility; hence, early and efficient assessment of the genetic manifestations in patients would be important for developing future medical interventions. Chromosomal disorders, mutations, polymorphisms, changes in gene expression, and epigenetic changes have all been reported to be associated with varicocele. Several studies are underway to unravel the genetic basis of this disease, as it is important to understand the origin and the aggravating factors to ensure appropriate guidance and intervention. Here, we review the available literature regarding the genetic and epigenetic changes associated with varicocele, and how these alterations are related to the different clinical manifestations of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Paiva Santana
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), 3900 Bandeirantes Ave, São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Libardi Miranda-Furtado
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), 3900 Bandeirantes Ave, São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Flavia Gaona de Oliveira-Gennaro
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), 3900 Bandeirantes Ave, São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Rosana Maria Dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), 3900 Bandeirantes Ave, São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
308
|
Kominiarek MA, Jungheim ES, Hoeger KM, Rogers AM, Kahan S, Kim JJ. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery position statement on the impact of obesity and obesity treatment on fertility and fertility therapy Endorsed by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Obesity Society. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2017; 13:750-757. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
309
|
Cardona C, Neri QV, Simpson AJ, Moody MA, Ostermeier GC, Seaman EK, Paniza T, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Travis AJ. Localization patterns of the ganglioside G M1 in human sperm are indicative of male fertility and independent of traditional semen measures. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:423-435. [PMID: 28418610 PMCID: PMC5485082 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Semen analysis lacks a functional component and best identifies extreme cases of infertility. The ganglioside GM1 is known to have functional roles during capacitation and acrosome exocytosis. Here, we assessed whether GM1 localization patterns (Cap‐Score™) correspond with male fertility in different settings: Study 1 involved couples pursuing assisted reproduction in a tertiary care fertility clinic, while Study 2 involved men with known fertility versus those questioning their fertility at a local urology center. In Study 1, we examined various thresholds versus clinical history for 42 patients; 13 had Cap‐Scores ≥39.5%, with 12 of these (92.3%) achieving clinical pregnancy by natural conception or ≤3 intrauterine insemination cycles. Of the 29 patients scoring <39.5%, only six (20.7%) attained clinical pregnancy by natural conception or ≤3 intrauterine insemination cycles. In Study 2, Cap‐Scores were obtained from 76 fertile men (Cohort 1, pregnant partner or recent father) and compared to 122 men seeking fertility assessment (Cohort 2). Cap‐Score values were normally distributed in Cohort 1, with 13.2% having Cap‐Scores more than one standard deviation below the mean (35.3 ± 7.7%). Significantly, more men in Cohort 2 had Cap‐Scores greater than one standard deviation below the normal mean (33.6%; p = 0.001). Minimal/no relationship was found between Cap‐Score and sperm concentration, morphology, or motility. Together, these data demonstrate that Cap‐Score provides novel, clinically relevant insights into sperm function and male fertility that complement traditional semen analysis. Furthermore, the data provide normal reference ranges for fertile men that can help clinicians counsel couples toward the most appropriate fertility treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Queenie V Neri
- The Ronald O. Perelman & Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | - Theodore Paniza
- The Ronald O. Perelman & Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- The Ronald O. Perelman & Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Gianpiero D Palermo
- The Ronald O. Perelman & Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Alexander J Travis
- Androvia LifeSciences, Mountainside, New Jersey.,Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| |
Collapse
|
310
|
Study on the short-term effects of increased alcohol and cigarette consumption in healthy young men's seminal quality. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45457. [PMID: 28367956 PMCID: PMC5377370 DOI: 10.1038/srep45457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have reported a negative impact of lifestyle factors on testicular function, spermatozoa parameters and pituitary-gonadal axis. However, conclusions are difficult to draw, since studies in the general population are rare. In this study we intended to address the early and late short-term impact of acute lifestyle alterations on young men’s reproductive function. Thirty-six healthy male students, who attended the Portuguese academic festivities, provided semen samples and answered questionnaires at three time-points. The consumption of alcohol and cigarette increased more than 8 and 2 times, respectively, during the academic festivities and resulted in deleterious effects on semen quality: one week after the festivities, a decrease on semen volume, spermatozoa motility and normal morphology was observed, in parallel with an increase on immotile spermatozoa, head and midpiece defects and spermatozoa oxidative stress. Additionally, three months after the academic festivities, besides the detrimental effect on volume, motility and morphology, a negative impact on spermatozoa concentration was observed, along with a decrease on epididymal, seminal vesicles and prostate function. This study contributed to understanding the pathophysiology underlying semen quality degradation induced by acute lifestyle alterations, suggesting that high alcohol and cigarette consumption are associated with decreased semen quality in healthy young men.
Collapse
|
311
|
Kadhel P, Costet N, Toto T, Janky E, Multigner L. The annual carnival in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) is associated with an increase in the number of conceptions and subsequent births nine months later: 2000 - 2011. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173102. [PMID: 28253323 PMCID: PMC5333860 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The seasonal patterns of conceptions and births differ between geographic areas. Several potential determinants of this variation have been identified, including biological, environmental and behavioral elements, but festive events are rarely mentioned. We investigated the possible association between the carnival and seasonal fertility variations in the French West Indies. We ran a retrospective registry-based study. The data were extracted from the registry of all births on Guadeloupe between 2000 and 2011 (n = 74,412), and from the Maternity Birth Register of the University Hospital, for all pregnancies of at least 14 completed weeks of gestation (observable conceptions) with an outcome recorded between 2007 and 2010 (n = 8,425). We compared data during and outside the carnival period for each year, including 2009, when there was no carnival due to a 44-day general strike. In all years other than 2009, the weekly number of births was higher for pregnancies initiated during the carnival period than for pregnancies initiated at other times, and the weekly number of observable conceptions was higher during the carnival period than at other times. Our findings support the hypothesis that carnivals in the French West Indies are associated with an increase in the number of conceptions and subsequent births.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Kadhel
- Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes, Pôle Parent-Enfant, Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
- Université des Antilles, Campus de Fouillole, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
- Institut national de la santé et de la Recherche médicale (Inserm) U1085 – IRSET, Rennes, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Nathalie Costet
- Institut national de la santé et de la Recherche médicale (Inserm) U1085 – IRSET, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Teddy Toto
- Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes, Pôle Parent-Enfant, Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Eustase Janky
- Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes, Pôle Parent-Enfant, Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Luc Multigner
- Institut national de la santé et de la Recherche médicale (Inserm) U1085 – IRSET, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
312
|
Wang EY, Huang Y, Du QY, Yao GD, Sun YP. Body mass index effects sperm quality: a retrospective study in Northern China. Asian J Androl 2017; 19:234-237. [PMID: 26732109 PMCID: PMC5312225 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.169996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess weight and obesity have become a serious problem in adult men of reproductive age throughout the world. The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the relationships between body mass index and sperm quality in subfertile couples in a Chinese Han population. Sperm analyses were performed and demographic data collected from 2384 male partners in subfertile couples who visited a reproductive medical center for treatment and preconception counseling. The subjects were classified into four groups according to their body mass index: underweight, normal, overweight, and obese. Of these subjects, 918 (38.3%) had a body mass index of >25.0 kg m-0 2 . No significant differences were found between the four groups with respect to age, occupation, level of education, smoking status, alcohol use, duration of sexual abstinence, or the collection time of year for sperm. The results clearly indicated lower sperm quality (total sperm count, sperm concentration, motile sperm, relative amounts of type A motility, and progressive motility sperm [A + B]) in overweight and obese participants than in those with normal body mass index. Normal sperm morphology and sperm volume showed no clear difference between the four groups. This study indicates that body mass index has a negative effect on sperm quality in men of subfertile couples in a Northern Chinese population. Further study should be performed to investigate the relationship between body mass index and sperm quality in a larger population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- En-Yin Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qing-Yun Du
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Gui-Dong Yao
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| |
Collapse
|
313
|
Conceição C, Pedro J, Martins MV. Effectiveness of a video intervention on fertility knowledge among university students: a randomised pre-test/post-test study. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2017; 22:107-113. [PMID: 28256912 DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2017.1288903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent evidence has shown that young adults have poor knowledge about reproductive health and fertility, and that interventions are needed to increase fertility awareness. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a brief video in increasing knowledge about fertility and infertility in young adults. METHODS We carried out a two-arm, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial with a pre-test/post-test design (NCT02607761, ClinicalTrials.gov). The sample was composed of 173 undergraduates who completed a self-report questionnaire. Participants were randomly assigned to exposure or no exposure to an educational video about reproductive health and infertility (intervention group, n = 89; control group, n = 84). RESULTS At baseline, participants revealed poor knowledge of infertility risk factors and fertility issues, and average knowledge of the definition of infertility. Interaction effects between group and time were found for all variables targeted in the video. Participants in the intervention group significantly increased their knowledge of fertility issues, infertility risk factors and the definition of infertility. No significant differences in post-test knowledge were observed in the control group, except for the age at which there is a marked decrease in female fertility. CONCLUSIONS A short video intervention is effective in increasing short-term knowledge about reproductive health and infertility. If future research using longer intervals corroborates our findings, video intervention could be a useful tool in public health prevention campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Conceição
- a Faculty of Psychology and Education Science , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Juliana Pedro
- a Faculty of Psychology and Education Science , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Centre for Psychology , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Mariana V Martins
- a Faculty of Psychology and Education Science , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Centre for Psychology , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
314
|
Parsapure R, Rahimiforushani A, Majlessi F, Montazeri A, Sadeghi R, Garmarudi G. Impact of Health-Promoting Educational Intervention on Lifestyle (Nutrition Behaviors, Physical Activity and Mental Health) Related to Vaginal Health Among Reproductive-Aged Women With Vaginitis. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017; 18:e37698. [PMID: 28184325 PMCID: PMC5292014 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.37698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Vaginitis is one of the most common diseases in reproductive-aged women (15 - 49 years of age). Side effects of vaginitis can affect other aspects of health, which could be prevented by promoting a healthy lifestyle related to vaginal health. Objectives This study aimed at determining the impact of health-promoting educational intervention on lifestyle (nutrition behaviors, physical activities, and mental health) related to vaginal health among reproductive-aged women with vaginitis. Methods The data set was collected as part of an experimental study conducted on 350 reproductive-aged women with vaginitis. Participants were selected through a stratified two-stage clustered sampling and simple randomization from 10 attending health centers affiliated with Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in five regions (North, South, East, West, and Center) of Kermanshah (a city in western Iran) in 2015. Two clinics in each region were selected; patients from the first center were chosen as the intervention group and patients from the second center made up the control group. To collect data, a questionnaire including socio-demographic and lifestyle questions was used. The questionnaire was designed and validated via the psychometric process. Educational intervention was performed over twenty sessions of 25 to 35 minutes. The intervention group was followed up with face-to-face education, a pamphlet, phone contact, and by social media. The control group continued the routine treatment without contacting the intervention group. Data were collected from both groups before the intervention and six months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the SPSS-20 package, using the independent t-test, paired t-test, chi-square test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test. The confidence interval was 95% and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results ANCOVA showed that after adjusting for effects of pretest scores, the difference between mean scores on the scale of lifestyle related to vaginal health in the intervention group (28.48 ± 0.38) and control group (23.65 ± 1.23) was significant (P < 0.001). Intervention has a positive significant effect on increasing the mean scores of lifestyle in the intervention group (P < 0.001). Comparing mean differences between the two groups indicated significant difference between them (P < 0.001). Results of the paired t-test in the control group did not show significant changes in lifestyle scores after 6 months (P > 0.05). The independent t-test did not show significant statistical differences between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics (P > 0.05). Conclusions According to the findings, educational intervention is beneficial in promoting three aspects of women's lifestyle related to vaginal health. Therefore, a health-promoting lifestyle seems essential for having a healthy vagina and for preventing vaginitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Parsapure
- Health Promotion and Education Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Abbas Rahimiforushani
- Biostatistics’ and Epidemiology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Abbas Rahimiforushani, Biostatistics’ and Epidemiology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2142933037; +98-9123906599, Fax: +98-2188989127, E-mail:
| | - Fereshteh Majlessi
- Health Promotion and Health Education Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ali Montazeri
- Mental Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Institut for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Roya Sadeghi
- Health Promotion and Education Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Gholamreza Garmarudi
- Health Promotion and Education Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| |
Collapse
|
315
|
Zhang Q, Wang YY, Zhang Y, Zhang HG, Yang Y, He Y, Xu JH, Zhao J, Peng ZQ, Ma X. The influence of age at menarche, menstrual cycle length and bleeding duration on time to pregnancy: a large prospective cohort study among rural Chinese women. BJOG 2017; 124:1654-1662. [PMID: 28128508 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relations among age at menarche (AAM), menstrual cycle length, menstrual bleeding duration and time to pregnancy in a large cohort of rural Chinese women. DESIGN A prospective cohort study. SETTING Local family-planning service agencies and maternal/child care service centres. POPULATION A total of 391 320 rural women of reproductive age who participated in the National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkups and were planning to conceive were enrolled. METHODS Menstrual characteristics were collected via face-to-face interviews. The Cox proportional hazards model were used to estimate the fecundability ratios (FRs) and 95% confidence intervals for each measure relative to its reference category. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Time to pregnancy. RESULTS Women with an AAM later than 14 years of age were less likely become pregnant compared with women with AAM at 13-14 years of age (FR 0.93, 95% CI 0.92-0.94). Those with menstrual cycle lengths >29 days were less likely to come pregnant (FR 0.91, 95% CI 0.90-0.92) compared with the reference cycle length of 27-29 days. Women with bleeding durations of <4 (FR 0.88; 95% CI 0.86-0.91) or >5 days (FR 0.91; 95% CI 0.90-0.91) showed lower FRs compared with those reporting 4-5 days of bleeding. The associations were independent of maternal age, ethnicity, education level, occupation, tobacco use, alcohol use and body mass index. CONCLUSION A later onset of menarche, longer menstrual cycle length, both shorter (<4 days) and longer (>5 days) bleeding duration were associated with a lower FR and longer time to pregnancy in rural Chinese women. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT A later menarche, longer cycle, shorter or longer bleeding duration were associated with lower fecundity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhang
- Section of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Y Y Wang
- Section of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Section of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - H G Zhang
- Section of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Y Yang
- Section of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Y He
- Section of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - J H Xu
- Section of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - J Zhao
- Section of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Z Q Peng
- Section of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - X Ma
- Section of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
316
|
Parsapour R, Majlessi F, Rahimiforoushani A, Sadeghi R. Determination of factors affecting relapse of vaginitis among reproductive-aged women: An experimental study. Electron Physician 2017; 9:3499-3507. [PMID: 28243399 PMCID: PMC5308487 DOI: 10.19082/3499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaginitis is a common problem for women, especially in reproductive-aged women. It is a worldwide health problem with many side effects but could be prevented by a health-promoting lifestyle related to vagina health. The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting relapse of vaginitis. METHODS In this experimental study, 350 reproductive-aged women with vaginitis were selected from 10 health centers in Kermanshah (Iran) during 2015 and were equally included in the intervention and control groups. To collect data, a researcher-created questionnaire, which included sociodemographic and health-promoting lifestyle questions, was used. The educational intervention was performed over 20 sessions, each lasting 25-35 minutes. An intervention group was educated by face-to-face education, pamphlets, phone contacts, text messages, and social media. Another group continued the routine clinic education and treatment without contacting the intervention group. Data were analyzed through chi-square and a logistics regression model using IBM-SPSS version 20. RESULTS The results of the study indicated a significant relation between sociodemographic characteristics such as women and their husbands' literacy, job, family size, income, area for each member of family, tendency of pregnancy, body mass index (BMI), and caesarean experience (p<0.001) and vaginitis. In addition, significant relationships between health-promoting lifestyle dimensions and prevention of vaginitis were identified. Relapse after intervention in the intervention group was 27.7% and 72.3% in the control group. According to the logistic regression analysis, chance for relapse of vaginitis in the group that did not receive intervention was more than the same chance in the intervention group (OR=5.14). CONCLUSION Health-promoting lifestyle intervention influences prevention of vaginitis. Health-promoting lifestyle, literacy promotion, prevention of caesarian, and obesity are beneficial to improvement in lifestyle dimensions associated with vagina health could be implemented as a successful prevention method. Therefore, it seems that applying a health-promoting lifestyle is essential for a healthy vagina and prevention of vaginitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Parsapour
- Ph.D. Candidate of Health Promotion and Health Education, Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Majlessi
- Professor, Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahimiforoushani
- Professor, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Sadeghi
- Associated Professor, Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
317
|
Eslami-Arshaghi T, Vakilian S, Seyedjafari E, Ardeshirylajimi A, Soleimani M, Salehi M. Primordial germ cell differentiation of nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells using surface modified electroconductive scaffolds. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2017; 53:371-380. [PMID: 28039620 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A combination of nanotopographical cues and surface modification of collagen and fibronectin is a potential platform in primordial germ cells (PGCs) differentiation. In the present study, the synergistic effect of nanotopography and surface modification on differentiation of nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (nt-ESCs) toward PGC lineage was investigated. In order to achieve this goal, poly-anyline (PANi) was mix within poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA). Afterward, the random composite mats were fabricated using PLLA and PANi mix solution. The nanofiber topography notably upregulated the expressions of prdm14, mvh and c-kit compared with tissue culture polystyrene (TCP). Moreover, the combination of nanofiber topography and surface modification resulted in more enhancement of PGCs differentiation compared with non-modified nanofibrous scaffold. Additionally, gene expression results showed that mvh and c-kit were expressed at higher intensity in cells exposed to collagen and fibronectin rather than collagen or fibronectin solitary. These results demonstrated the importance of combined effect of collagen and fibronectin in order to develop a functional extracellular matrix (ECM) mimic in directing stem cell fate and the potential of such biofunctional scaffolds for treatment of infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ehsan Seyedjafari
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Ardeshirylajimi
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engeneering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Salehi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
318
|
Tan Y, Yang R, Zhao J, Cao Z, Chen Y, Zhang B. The Associations Between Air Pollution and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in China. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1017:181-214. [PMID: 29177963 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5657-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Research on the potential impact of air pollution on the human's health has increased rapidly in recent years. Several studies have suggested that exposure to air pollutants during period of pregnancy which is a crucial time point of mother-fetus development may have long-term and serious impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes. There is lack of review to evaluate the existed epidemiologic evidence on the associations between air pollutants and adverse pregnancy outcomes in China, so we conducted a review to explore the current epidemiological evidence on the effects of air pollutants to pregnancy outcomes and possible mechanisms during the pregnancy process. We used keywords to systematically search all the English and Chinese literatures on studies that were conducted in China. Exposure to air pollutants during pregnancy had shown there were harmful effects for different birth outcomes: preterm birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, birth defects, infertility, and macrosomia fetus. Results on the effects of air pollutants on adverse pregnancy outcomes are small and inconsistent because they vary in their design and methodology. The existed available evidence is compatible with either a small negative effect of air pollutants on pregnancy outcomes or with no effect; therefore, further studies are needed to confirm and quantify the possible associations and potential biologic mechanisms between air pollutants and pregnancy outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Tan
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Zhongqiang Cao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Yawen Chen
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
319
|
Rashid H, Kagami M, Ferdous F, Ma E, Terao T, Hayashi T, Wagatsuma Y. Temperature during pregnancy influences the fetal growth and birth size. Trop Med Health 2016; 45:1. [PMID: 28077924 PMCID: PMC5223368 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-016-0041-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birth weight and length have seasonal fluctuations. However, it is uncertain which meteorological element has an effect on birth outcomes and which timing of pregnancy would explain such effect. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine temperature effects during pregnancy and which timing of pregnancy has effects on size at birth. METHODS A large, randomized, controlled trial of food and micronutrient supplementation for pregnant women was conducted in Matlab, Bangladesh (MINIMat Study), where women were enrolled from November 2001 to October 2003. The fetal growth data which included the size at birth and information of their mothers were obtained (n = 3267). Meteorological data such as temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, and daily sunshine hours during pregnancy were observed at the nearest observatory site of Bangladesh Meteorological Department. RESULTS Infants born in colder months (November-January) were shorter than those born in hot and dry, and monsoon months (mean (SD) of birth length was 47.5 cm (2.2) vs. 47.8 cm (2.1) vs. 47.9 cm (2.1) respectively; P < 0.001). Increased temperature during the last month of pregnancy was significantly related with increased birth length with adjustment for gestational weeks and the season at birth, and remained significant with further adjustments for precipitation, sex of infants, maternal early-pregnancy BMI, parity, and education status of the mother (P < 0.01). On the other hand, increased temperature at mid-gestation was associated with increased birth weight (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that temperature affects both birth weight and length. The more temperature increased at the last month of pregnancy, birth length became longer. For birth weight, the temperature at mid-pregnancy affected in a positive way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harunor Rashid
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan ; International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Miki Kagami
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Farzana Ferdous
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Enbo Ma
- Department of Clinical Trial and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575 Japan
| | - Toru Terao
- Faculty of Education, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Kagawa Japan
| | - Taiichi Hayashi
- Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukiko Wagatsuma
- Department of Clinical Trial and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
320
|
Vecoli C, Montano L, Andreassi MG. Environmental pollutants: genetic damage and epigenetic changes in male germ cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:23339-23348. [PMID: 27672044 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
About a quarter of the human diseases occurs for exposure to air pollution. The male reproductive system, and especially spermatogenesis, seems to be particularly sensitive. As result, male infertility is increasing in industrial countries becoming a top priority for public health. In addition to psychological distress and economic constraints, poorer semen quality may have trans-generational effects including congenital malformations in the offspring and predispose to later onset adult diseases. Genetic and epigenetic alterations are involved in the failure of spermatogenesis. In this paper, we reviewed the major evidences of the effects of air pollutants on male infertility as well as the role of sperm DNA damage and epigenetic changes in affecting spermatogenesis. A better knowledge on the effects of air contaminants on the molecular mechanisms leading to infertility is of huge importance to help clinicians in identifying the cause of infertility but above all, in defining preventive and therapeutic protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Vecoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-CNR, via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Luigi Montano
- Andrology Unit of the "San Francesco d'Assisi" Hospital - ASL Salerno, EcoFoodFertility Project Coordination Unit, via M. Clemente, 84020, Oliveto Citra, SA, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
321
|
Agarwal A, Majzoub A, Esteves SC, Ko E, Ramasamy R, Zini A. Clinical utility of sperm DNA fragmentation testing: practice recommendations based on clinical scenarios. Transl Androl Urol 2016; 5:935-950. [PMID: 28078226 PMCID: PMC5182232 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2016.10.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) has been generally acknowledged as a valuable tool for male fertility evaluation. While its detrimental implications on sperm function were extensively investigated, little is known about the actual indications for performing SDF analysis. This review delivers practice based recommendations on commonly encountered scenarios in the clinic. An illustrative description of the different SDF measurement techniques is presented. SDF testing is recommended in patients with clinical varicocele and borderline to normal semen parameters as it can better select varicocelectomy candidates. High SDF is also linked with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and can influence outcomes of different assisted reproductive techniques. Several studies have shown some benefit in using testicular sperm rather than ejaculated sperm in men with high SDF, oligozoospermia or recurrent in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure. Infertile men with evidence of exposure to pollutants can benefit from sperm DNA testing as it can help reinforce the importance of lifestyle modification (e.g., cessation of cigarette smoking, antioxidant therapy), predict fertility and monitor the patient’s response to intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Referral Center for Male Reproduction, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Edmund Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | | | - Armand Zini
- Department of Urology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
322
|
Oboni JB, Marques-Vidal P, Bastardot F, Vollenweider P, Waeber G. Impact of smoking on fertility and age of menopause: a population-based assessment. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e012015. [PMID: 27864244 PMCID: PMC5128850 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies in patients seeking medically assisted reproduction have shown that smoking reduces fertility, but little information is available in the general population. We assessed the associations between smoking and the number of children, childbearing planning and age at menopause in a representative sample of the population of Lausanne, Switzerland. METHODS Data from 6711 participants (3530 women, age range 35-75 years) collected between 2003 and 2006 and again in 2009 and 2012. Smoking status, number of offsprings and age of menopause were assessed. RESULTS Women who currently smoke had significantly less children than former or never smokers: the number of children per women (average±SD) was 1.38±1.05, 1.45±1.07 and 1.576±1.16, respectively (p<0.001). Women who currently smoke had their first child at an earlier age than the others: 26.7±5.2, 27.4±5.4 and 26.9±5.2 years old for current, former and never smokers, respectively, (p=0.01). Similar findings were found for men: number of children per men 1.475±1.16, 1.67±1.13 and 1.55±1.22 for current, former and never smokers, respectively (p<0.001); no difference was found regarding age at the first child. The difference persisted after multivariate adjustment (adjusted for age, body mass index, Caucasian origins, alcohol consumption, caffeinated drinks consumption, educational level, receiving social help and women taking contraceptives) for the age at first child among women. No association was found between Heaviness of Smoking Index and the number of children among current smokers in both genders. Women who smoke had their menopause more than 1 year prior than never-smoking women (48.9±0.2 years compared with 47.8±0.3 years, respectively, p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Smoking is associated with an earlier age of having the first child and of menopause among women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Oboni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François Bastardot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
323
|
Salehi K, Mahmoodi Z, Kabir K, Dolatian M. Pathways of job style and preterm low birth weight. Electron Physician 2016; 8:2888-2896. [PMID: 27790340 PMCID: PMC5074746 DOI: 10.19082/2888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preterm and low birth weight tend to occur as a direct result of prenatal risky behaviors, diseases, as well as fetal exposure to harmful social and environmental factors. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between job style and preterm low birth weight. Methods The present case-control study was conducted in the Kamali hospital, Teheran, Iran in 2014. Participants included 156 mothers having a gestational age of less than 37 weeks and infants weighing less than 2500 gm. Additionally, the control group consisted of 433 mothers with a gestational age of over 37 weeks and having infants weighing between 2500–4000 gm. The data were collected using the Mother’s Lifestyle Scale (MLS) during pregnancy based on recognized social determinants of health and those developed by the researchers. The domain of the mother’s job style was assessed using a questionnaire consisting of 18 items on topics such as working conditions, job satisfaction, and perceived employer empathy. Higher overall scores in this instrument indicate the mother’s poorer job style. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and Lisrel version 8.8 through a statistical path analysis. Results The model fit indices indicated that there was found to be high favorability, demonstrated that the model fit and that there were rational relationships (CFI=1, RMSEA=0.00), and showed that on the direct path that the mother’s job style had the most adverse effect (B=−0.3) with weight gain during pregnancy showing the most positive effect (B=0.16) on PLBW. The mother’s level of education was found to be the only variable that affected PLBW negatively in both the direct and indirect paths through the mother’s job style and household income (B=−0.17). Conclusion According the path analysis model, job style has a direct influence on preterm low birth weight. Thus, special consideration should be placed on aspects surrounding a mother’s job situation in order to prevent any adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katayoun Salehi
- M.Sc. in Midwifery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mahmoodi
- Ph.D. of Social Determinant of Health, Assistant Professor of Social Determinant of Health Research Center and Nursing & Midwifery Faculty of Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kourosh Kabir
- National Board in Social Medicine, Assistant Professor of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Dolatian
- Ph.D. of Social Determinant of Health, Assistant Professor of Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty Member of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
324
|
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Busuttil Leaver
- Lecturer Practitioner, Urological Care, University College London Hospital and London South Bank University
| |
Collapse
|
325
|
Epigenetics in male reproduction: effect of paternal diet on sperm quality and offspring health. Nat Rev Urol 2016; 13:584-95. [PMID: 27578043 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2016.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic inheritance and its underlying molecular mechanisms are among the most intriguing areas of current biological and medical research. To date, studies have shown that both female and male germline development follow distinct paths of epigenetic events and both oocyte and sperm possess their own unique epigenomes. Fertilizing male and female germ cells deliver not only their haploid genomes but also their epigenomes, which contain the code for preimplantation and postimplantation reprogramming and embryonal development. For example, in spermatozoa, DNA methylation profile, DNA-associated proteins, protamine 1:protamine 2 ratio, nucleosome distribution pattern, histone modifications and other properties make up a unique epigenetic landscape. However, epigenetic factors and mechanisms possess certain plasticity and are affected by environmental conditions. Paternal and maternal lifestyle, including physical activity, nutrition and exposure to hazardous substances, can alter the epigenome and, moreover, can affect the health of their children. In male reproductive health, data are emerging on epigenetically mediated effects of a man's diet on sperm quality, for example through phytochemicals, minerals and vitamins, and nutritional support for subfertile men is already being used. In addition, studies in animal models and human epidemiological data point toward a transgenerational effect of the paternally contributed sperm epigenome on offspring health.
Collapse
|
326
|
Lafuente R, García-Blàquez N, Jacquemin B, Checa MA. Outdoor air pollution and sperm quality. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:880-96. [PMID: 27565259 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Exposure to air pollution has been clearly associated with a range of adverse health effects, including reproductive toxicity, but its effects on male semen quality are still unclear. We performed a systematic review (up to June 2016) to assess the impact of air pollutants on sperm quality. We included 17 semi-ecological, panel, and cohort studies, assessing outdoor air pollutants, such as PM2.5, PM10, NOx, SO2, and O3, and their effects on DNA fragmentation, sperm count, sperm motility, and sperm morphology. Thirteen studies assessed air pollution exposure measured environmentally, and six used biomarkers of air pollution exposure (two did both). We rated the studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and assessed with the exposure method. Taking into account these factors and the number of studies finding significant results (positive or negative), the evidence supporting an effect of air pollution on DNA fragmentation is weak but suggestive, on sperm motility is limited and probably inexistent, on lower sperm count is inconclusive, and on sperm morphology is very suggestive. Because of the diversity of air pollutants and sperm parameters, and the studies' designs, we were unable to perform a meta-analysis. In summary, most studies concluded that outdoor air pollution affects at least one of the four semen quality parameters included in the review. However, results lack consistency, and furthermore, studies were not comparable. Studies using standardized air pollution and semen measures are required to obtain more reliable conclusions. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42015007175.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Lafuente
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Preventive Medicine, and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Infertilidad y Reproducción Humana, EUGIN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria García-Blàquez
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bénédicte Jacquemin
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches), U1168, Institut Médical de Santé et Recherche Médicale, Villejuif, France; Unité mixte de recherche (UMR)-S1168, Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France; ISGlobal (Barcelona Institute for Global Health)-Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain; Univerity Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Infertility Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Checa
- Centro de Infertilidad y Reproducción Humana, EUGIN, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Infertility Group, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
327
|
Shin T, Okada H. Infertility in men with inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2016; 7:361-369. [PMID: 27602237 PMCID: PMC4986403 DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v7.i3.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) predominantly affects young adults. Fertility-related issues are therefore important in the management of patients with IBD. However, relatively modest attention has been paid to reproductive issues faced by men with IBD. To investigate the effects of IBD and its treatment on male fertility, we reviewed the current literature using a systematic search for published studies. A PubMed search were performed using the main search terms “IBD AND male infertility”, “Crohn’s disease AND male infertility”, “ulcerative colitis AND male infertility”. References in review articles were used if relevant. We noted that active inflammation, poor nutrition, alcohol use, smoking, medications, and surgery may cause infertility in men with IBD. In surgery such as proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, rectal incision seems to be associated with sexual dysfunction. Of the medications used for IBD, sulfasalazine reversibly reduces male fertility. No other medications appear to affect male fertility significantly, although small studies suggested some adverse effects. There are limited data on the effects of drugs for IBD on male fertility and pregnancy outcomes; however, patients should be informed of the possible effects of paternal drug exposure. This review provides information on fertility-related issues in men with IBD and discusses treatment options.
Collapse
|
328
|
Joelsson LS, Berglund A, Wånggren K, Lood M, Rosenblad A, Tydén T. Do subfertile women adjust their habits when trying to conceive? Ups J Med Sci 2016; 121:184-91. [PMID: 27216564 PMCID: PMC4967265 DOI: 10.1080/03009734.2016.1176094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate lifestyle habits and lifestyle adjustments among subfertile women trying to conceive. MATERIALS AND METHODS Women (n = 747) were recruited consecutively at their first visit to fertility clinics in mid-Sweden. Participants completed a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using logistic regression, t tests, and chi-square tests. RESULTS The response rate was 62% (n = 466). Mean duration of infertility was 1.9 years. During this time 13.2% used tobacco daily, 13.6% drank more than three cups of coffee per day, and 11.6% consumed more than two glasses of alcohol weekly. In this sample, 23.9% of the women were overweight (body mass index, BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2)), and 12.5% were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m(2)). Obese women exercised more and changed to healthy diets more frequently than normal-weight women (odds ratio 7.43; 95% confidence interval 3.7-14.9). Six out of ten women (n = 266) took folic acid when they started trying to conceive, but 11% stopped taking folic acid after some time. Taking folic acid was associated with a higher level of education (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Among subfertile women, one-third were overweight or obese, and some had other lifestyle factors with known adverse effects on fertility such as use of tobacco. Overweight and obese women adjusted their habits but did not reduce their body mass index. Women of fertile age would benefit from preconception counseling, and the treatment of infertility should routinely offer interventions for lifestyle changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lana Salih Joelsson
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, County Council of Västmanland, Västmanland County Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Anna Berglund
- The National Centre for Knowledge of Men’s Violence against Women, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kjell Wånggren
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Lood
- Department of Women’s Health, Fertility Unit, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Andreas Rosenblad
- Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, County Council of Västmanland, Västmanland County Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Tanja Tydén
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
329
|
Sasaki RSA, Approbato MS, Maia MCS, Fleury EADB, Giviziez CR, Zanluchi N. Patients' auto report of regularity of their menstrual cycles. Medical history is very reliable to predict ovulation. A cross-sectional study. JBRA Assist Reprod 2016; 20:118-22. [PMID: 27584603 PMCID: PMC5264375 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20160027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Infertility of ovulatory cause can account for a quarter of infertility etiologies and one of the questions in the patients' clinical history is about their self-perception of the regularity of their menstrual cycles. The aim of this study was to assess whether the information on menstrual regularity is consistent with the assessment of the presence or absence of ovulation. METHODS Cross-sectional study. The inclusion criteria were: patients with infertility for at least one year, complete examination and ovulation monitoring, aged between 18 and 38 years completed. The patients were divided into two paired groups: those who reported regular menstrual cycles and those who reported irregular cycles. In the ultrasonographic monitoring of ovulation we separated those who ovulated from those who did not ovulate, and applied the Fischer's test. RESULTS Among the 199 patients who reported having regular menstrual cycles, 113 had proven ovulation upon ultrasound monitoring and 86 patients did not ovulate. Among the 29 patients who reported irregular cycles, 24 did not ovulated at the cycle monitoring. The Fisher's exact test was applied and the p-value found was significant. CONCLUSION The story of the patient in the clinical interview about the presence of regular or irregular menstruation correlates with the presence or absence of ovulation, it should be taken into consideration in the reasoning regarding the infertility etiology. This report would be important to guide the patient's ovulatory regularity diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reinaldo S. A. Sasaki
- Human Reproduction Center - Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Clinical Hospital - Goias Federal University, Goiânia/GO,
Brazil
| | - Mario S. Approbato
- Human Reproduction Center - Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Clinical Hospital - Goias Federal University, Goiânia/GO,
Brazil
| | - Mônica C. S. Maia
- Human Reproduction Center - Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Clinical Hospital - Goias Federal University, Goiânia/GO,
Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
330
|
Cong J, Li P, Zheng L, Tan J. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Infertility at a Rural Site of Northern China. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155563. [PMID: 27177147 PMCID: PMC4866679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate and analyze prevalence and risk factors of infertility at a representative rural site of Northern China. Method This is a cross-sectional study. We conducted a face-to-face questionnaire survey from July 2014 to October 2014 involving 5,131 women who were at childbearing age in Suizhong, a medium-sized, representative county located in Northern China. Finally, data from 4,232 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Definition Infertility is defined as the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regularly unprotected sexual intercourse. Results Infertility prevalence in Suizhong County was 13.09% (95% CI, 12.09%-14.1%), of which the primary infertility incidence was 0.99% (95% CI, 0.72%-1.34%), and the secondary infertility incidence was 12.10% (95% CI, 11.13%-13.12%). For women, the infertility incidence of underweight women (Body Mass Index, BMI<18.5 kg/m2) was 1.5-fold higher than that of women with moderate BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2). The infertility incidence of women with little exercise was 4 times more than that of women with regular exercise, and 2 times more than that of women with heavy exercise. The group with moderate menstrual flow had the lowest prevalence of infertility, while both scant and excessive menstruation led to increased infertility incidence. Number of pregnancies (OR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.51–0.79) was a protective factor for infertility, while the number of abortions (OR = 2.15; 95% CI, 1.58–2.93) was a risk factor for infertility. For men, those who stayed up late at night more than 3 times per week showed a significantly higher infertility incidence. Men who engaged in occupations with high-temperature working environment also suffered from an infertility incidence of about four times more than the others. Conclusions We found significant association between women's infertility incidence with their BMI, state of exercise, amount of menstrual flow, number of pregnancies and number of abortions. As for men, both staying up late and engaging in high-temperature occupations are independent factors affecting their fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimei Cong
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Epidemiology Department, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jichun Tan
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
331
|
Sharma R, Harlev A, Agarwal A, Esteves SC. Cigarette Smoking and Semen Quality: A New Meta-analysis Examining the Effect of the 2010 World Health Organization Laboratory Methods for the Examination of Human Semen. Eur Urol 2016; 70:635-645. [PMID: 27113031 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Approximately 37% of men of reproductive age smoke cigarettes, with Europe having the highest tobacco use among all the World Health Organization (WHO) regions. Toxins from tobacco smoking can potentially affect sperm development and function, with a negative effect on semen parameters. Given the high prevalence of smoking and recent changes in the WHO laboratory methods for the examination of human semen, the role of this exposure in face of new WHO methods needs to be clarified. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We conducted a systematic review, followed by a meta-analysis, to determine whether cigarette smoking affects human semen parameters. PubMed, Saint Joseph's University Discover, and Google Scholar were used to identify relevant studies published after release of the latest WHO methods for laboratory evaluation of human semen. Participants were from fertility/urologic clinics and andrology laboratories. The outcome measures were semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, and morphology, the parameters usually used in clinical settings to assess fertility. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Twenty studies with 5865 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Exposure to cigarette smoking was associated with reduced sperm count (mean difference [MD]: -9.72×106/ml; 95% confidence interval [CI], -13.32 to -6.12), motility (MD: -3.48%; 95% CI, -5.53 to -1.44), and morphology (MD: -1.37%; 95% CI, -2.63 to -0.11). Subgroup analyses indicated that effect size was higher in infertile men than in the general population and in moderate/heavy smokers than in mild smokers. The overall effect size on semen volume, sperm count, and motility remained similar when 2010 and earlier WHO manuals were used for semen analysis but was lower with regard to sperm morphology. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that cigarette smoking has an overall negative effect on semen parameters. The latest WHO laboratory methods for the examination of human semen had a minimal impact on the magnitude of effect size, thus confirming the observed negative effect of smoking on conventional semen parameters. PATIENT SUMMARY A new systematic review and meta-analysis comprising 5865 men shows that cigarette smoking is associated with reduced sperm count and motility. Deterioration of semen quality is more pronounced in moderate and heavy smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reecha Sharma
- Department of Health Services, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Avi Harlev
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Referral Center for Male Reproduction, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
332
|
Sperm DNA damage-the effect of stress and everyday life factors. Int J Impot Res 2016; 28:148-54. [PMID: 27076112 DOI: 10.1038/ijir.2016.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The clinical significance of sperm DNA damage lies in its association with natural conception rates and also might have a serious consequence on developmental outcome of the newborn. The aim of the present study is to determine whether stress and everyday life factors are associated with sperm DNA damage in adult men. The study population consisted of 286 men who attended the infertility clinic for diagnostic purposes and who had normal semen concentration of 20-300 m ml(-1) or with slight oligozoospermia (semen concentration of 15-20 m ml(-1)) (WHO, 1999). Participants were interviewed and provided a semen sample. The sperm chromatin structure assay was assessed using flow cytometry. In the present study, we found evidence for a relationship between sperm DNA damage parameters and everyday life factors. High and medium level of occupational stress and age increase DNA fragmentation index (P=0.03, P=0.004 and P=0.03, respectively). Other lifestyle factors that were positively associated with percentage of immature sperms (high DNA stainability index) included: obesity and cell phone use for more than 10 years (P=0.02 and P=0.04, respectively). Our findings indicate that stress and lifestyle factor may affect sperm DNA damage. Data from the present study showed a significant effect of age, obesity, mobile phone radiation and occupational stress on sperm DNA damage. As DNA fragmentation represents an extremely important parameter indicative of infertility and potential outcome of assisted reproduction treatment, and most of the lifestyle factors are easily modifiable, the information about factors that may affect DNA damage are important.
Collapse
|
333
|
Prasad S, Tiwari M, Pandey AN, Shrivastav TG, Chaube SK. Impact of stress on oocyte quality and reproductive outcome. J Biomed Sci 2016; 23:36. [PMID: 27026099 PMCID: PMC4812655 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-016-0253-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is an important factor that affects physical and mental status of a healthy person disturbing homeostasis of the body. Changes in the lifestyle are one of the major causes that lead to psychological stress. Psychological stress could impact the biology of female reproduction by targeting at the level of ovary, follicle and oocyte. The increased level of stress hormone such as cortisol reduces estradiol production possibly by affecting the granulosa cell functions within the follicle, which results deterioration in oocyte quality. Adaptation of lifestyle behaviours may generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the ovary, which further affects female reproduction. Balance between level of ROS and antioxidants within the ovary are important for maintenance of female reproductive health. Physiological level of ROS modulates oocyte functions, while its accumulation leads to oxidative stress (OS). OS triggers apoptosis in majority of germ cells within the ovary and even in ovulated oocytes. Although both mitochondria- as well as death-receptor pathways are involved in oocyte apoptosis, OS-induced mitochondria-mediated pathway plays a major role in the elimination of majority of germ cells from ovary. OS in the follicular fluid deteriorates oocyte quality and reduces reproductive outcome. On the other hand, antioxidants reduce ROS levels and protect against OS-mediated germ cell apoptosis and thereby depletion of germ cells from the ovary. Indeed, OS is one of the major factors that has a direct negative impact on oocyte quality and limits female reproductive outcome in several mammalian species including human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Prasad
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Biochemistry Unit, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Meenakshi Tiwari
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Biochemistry Unit, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Ashutosh N Pandey
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Biochemistry Unit, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Tulsidas G Shrivastav
- Department of Reproductive Biomedicine, National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Baba Gang Nath Marg, Munirka, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Shail K Chaube
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Biochemistry Unit, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India.
| |
Collapse
|
334
|
Bavil DA, Dolatian M, Mahmoodi Z, Baghban AA. Comparison of lifestyles of young women with and without primary dysmenorrhea. Electron Physician 2016; 8:2107-14. [PMID: 27123219 PMCID: PMC4844476 DOI: 10.19082/2107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecologic disorders that affects women’s quality of life and social activities. Lifestyle, eating behaviors, and general health are essential to the management of menstrual symptoms. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between lifestyle and primary dysmenorrhea in students at Sari University of Medical Sciences in 2015 in order to facilitate the performance of lifestyle-improving interventions among young women. Methods This study was conducted on 250 students with and without primary dysmenorrhea at Sari University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Data were collected using personal-social and lifestyle questionnaires (addressing nutrition, physical activity, stress, social relationships, improper health behaviors, and self-care). The data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 18, using the independent-samples t-test, the chi-squared test, and logistic regression analysis. Results Given the scores obtained on the lifestyle questionnaire, significant differences were observed between the groups with and without dysmenorrhea in terms of eating behavior (p=0.008), physical activity (p=0.011), stress (p=0.041), and social relationships (p=0.000). No differences were observed in terms of self-care (p=0.115) and smoking, drinking, and drug use (p=0.355). According to the logistic regression analysis, age (OR=1.208, p=0.014), physical activity (OR=1.008, p=0.040) and social relationship (OR=0.952, p=0.002) were different in the two groups, but there was no statistical differences in their eating behavior, self-care, and stress. Conclusion To prevent and reduce the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea, knowledge and awareness should be raised in young women through proper lifestyle education and health promotion measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina Abadi Bavil
- Department of Midwifery, International Branch, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Dolatian
- Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mahmoodi
- Assistant Professor of Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Assistant Professor of Nursing & Midwifery faculty, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban
- Ph.D in Biostatistics, Associate Professor, Proteomics Research Center, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
335
|
Cao H, Ren J, Feng X, Yang G, Liu J. Is caffeine intake a risk factor leading to infertility? A protocol of an epidemiological systematic review of controlled clinical studies. Syst Rev 2016; 5:45. [PMID: 26979845 PMCID: PMC4791877 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-016-0221-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed that high dose of caffeine intake may induce some specific human reproductive system diseases, even lead to infertility. OBJECTIVES In consideration of the high consumption of caffeine according to the latest population-based survey, this review is aimed to systematically review the evidence from all controlled clinical studies of caffeine intake for infertility. DESIGNS Relevant randomized/quasi-randomized controlled trials, non-randomized clinical studies, cohort studies, and case-control studies will be included in this review. Participants will be either those without a history of infertility who are willing to have a baby (for prospective studies) or infertile patients with confirmed diagnosis (for retrospective studies). Caffeine or caffeine-containing beverage will be observed as the exposure factor. The key outcome will be the diagnosis of infertility in participants. All relevant published/unpublished or ongoing studies will be searched from seven databases and four online systems until December 2015. Two authors will screen the literatures and extract the data independently. Methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed by two authors according to either Risk of Bias Assessment or Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We will use R software to analyze the data. Dose of caffeine will be quantified on a daily basis, and relative risk with their 95 % confidence interval will be measured. If data permit, meta-analysis and dose-response analysis will be conducted. Summary of findings tables will be generated using Guideline Development Tool online. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42015015714.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Cao
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ren
- World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyan Yang
- Centre for Complementary Medicine Research, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jianping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
336
|
Alaee S, Talaiekhozani A, Ziaei GR, Lohrasbi P. Evaluation of Iranian College Students’ Awareness about Infertility Risk Factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/jjhs-34172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
337
|
Reddy KP, Reddy PS. Testicular and epididymal toxicity induced by benzo(a)pyrene, alcohol, and their combination in Wistar rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:420-433. [PMID: 30090357 PMCID: PMC6062366 DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00420a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholism and cigarette smoking are pervasive problems that have been implicated in human health. In this study, independent and combinative toxicities of alcohol and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) were tested for reproductive toxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats were exposed to BaP (100 μg per kg body weight) on alternative days and alcohol (2 g per kg body weight per day) daily, either individually or in combination for 60 days. Exposure to BaP or alcohol significantly decreased the fertility index and reduced the number of implantations associated with elevated pre- and post-implantation losses. The relative weights of testes, epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland were significantly decreased in BaP or alcohol administered rats. Exposure to BaP or alcohol significantly decreased daily sperm production, sperm density, percentages of motile, viable, HOS-tail swelled sperm, testicular 3β- and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity levels, mRNA levels of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, and serum testosterone levels. Further, in silico studies revealed the binding of BaP at the hydrophobic tunnel of StAR protein. Additional studies disclosed stable interactions of BaP with the amide group of ASN150 and the hydroxyl group of THR263 by forming three hydrogen bonds. Our results also showed that treatment of rats with BaP or alcohol caused a marked increase in levels of superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and lipid peroxidation in testis and epididymis. Conversely, glutathione levels and activity levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in testis as well as epididymis decreased significantly in the experimental rats. Under the same conditions, increased fragmented DNA levels were observed in sperm. The results of the present study indicate that exposure to BaP or alcohol adversely affected the male reproductive functions, which may be, at least in part, due to androgen deficiency and/or oxidative stress-related mechanisms. Consistently, the present results also showed higher reproductive toxicity upon exposure to combinations of BaP and alcohol than upon their individual treatments. Therefore, this combination was classified as additive and synergistic responses of BaP and alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Pratap Reddy
- Department of Biotechnology , Sri Venkateswara University , Tirupati - 517502 , India
- Department of Zoology , Sri Venkateswara University , Tirupati - 517502 , India . ; ; Tel: +91-9247593000
| | - P Sreenivasula Reddy
- Department of Zoology , Sri Venkateswara University , Tirupati - 517502 , India . ; ; Tel: +91-9247593000
| |
Collapse
|
338
|
Mishra RK, Singh SK. Biphasic effect of Syzygium aromaticum flower bud on reproductive physiology of male mice. Andrologia 2016; 48:923-932. [PMID: 26840772 DOI: 10.1111/and.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) have been used for the treatment of male sexual disorders in indigenous medicines of Indian subcontinent. Therefore to evaluate the efficacy of Syzygium aromaticum on the male reproductive health, chronic oral exposure of aqueous extract of flower buds of Syzygium in three doses (15 mg, 30 mg and 60 mg kg-1 BW) were studied for a single spermatogenic cycle (35 days) in Parkes (P) strain mice. Lower dose (15 mg) of Syzygium aromaticum flower buds increased serum testosterone level and testicular hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) activities and improved sperm motility, sperm morphology, secretory activity of epididymis and seminal vesicle, and number of litters per female. On the other hand, higher doses (30 and 60 mg) of the treatment adversely affected above parameters. Further, higher doses of the extract also had adverse effects on daily sperm production, 1C cell population and on histology of testis. In conclusion, Syzygium aromaticum flower buds extract exhibits biphasic effect on reproductive physiology of male mice. Lower dose of Syzygium aromaticum flower bud extract is androgenic in nature and may have a viable future as an indigenous sexual rejuvenator, while higher doses adversely affected functional physiology of reproductive organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R K Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Zoology, Smt. Chandibai Himathmal Mansukhani College, University of Mumbai, Ulhasnagar, Thane, Maharashtra, India
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
339
|
Anti-Müllerian hormone and lifestyle, reproductive, and environmental factors among women in rural South Africa. Epidemiology 2016; 26:429-35. [PMID: 25710247 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few data exist regarding anti-Müllerian hormone, a marker of ovarian reserve, in relation to environmental factors with potential ovarian toxicity. METHODS This analysis included 420 women from Limpopo, South Africa studied in 2010-2011. Women were administered comprehensive questionnaires, and plasma concentrations of anti-Müllerian hormone and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane were determined. We used separate multivariable models to examine the associations between natural log-transformed anti-Müllerian hormone concentration (ng/ml) and each of the lifestyle, reproductive, and environmental factors of interest, adjusted for age, body mass index, education, and parity. RESULTS The median age of women was 24 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 22 to 26); the median anti-Müllerian hormone concentration was 3.1 ng/ml (IQR = 2.0 to 6.0). Women who reported indoor residual spraying in homes with painted walls (indicative of exposure to pyrethroids) had 25% lower (95% confidence interval [CI] = -39%, -8%) anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations compared with women who reported no spraying. Little evidence of decreased anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations was observed among women with the highest dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane levels. Compared with women who used an electric stove, no association was observed among women who cooked indoors over open wood fires. The findings also suggested lower anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations among women who drank coffee (-19% [95% CI = -31%, -5%]) or alcohol (-21% [95% CI = -36%, -3%]). CONCLUSIONS These are among the first data regarding anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations relative to pesticides and indoor air pollution. Our results are suggestive of decreased ovarian reserve associated with exposure to pyrethroid pesticides, which is consistent with laboratory animal data.
Collapse
|
340
|
Zhang L, Gong RL, Han QR, Shi YQ, Jia QA, Xu SD, Wang LQ, Zhu CC. Survey of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding reproductive health among urban men in China: a descriptive study. Asian J Androl 2015; 17:309-14. [PMID: 25532571 PMCID: PMC4650475 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.142139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been little focus on men's reproductive health (RH) in China. This descriptive study conducted in Yiling District, Yichang, China, surveyed male knowledge of sexual physiology and RH to assess levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) regarding prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). A total of 3933 men, aged 18–59 years (mean, 40.3 years), were recruited by cluster random sampling. They completed a questionnaire in the presence of an interviewer, with items related to subject characteristics, RH knowledge, and subjective symptoms of the reproductive system. Physical examination and reproductive system disease diagnosis were performed. Participants’ occupations were predominantly skilled labor (80.5%). Nearly four-fifths (78.5%) respondents had at least one reproductive disease. Over half of respondents were aware of and declared a positive attitude about sexual physiology and safe sex, and 70% of them selected to visit a doctor when they had a reproductive disorder. However, only 41.9% believed human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome could be transmitted through breastfeeding, and 64.6% incorrectly thought they could avoid contracting STDs by cleaning their genitals after intercourse. In addition, 45% discriminated against and were unwilling to be friends with infected persons. Nearly 45% of those with a reproductive system disorder refused to discuss it with friends or family members. These results indicate that this cohort of Chinese men had a certain degree of KAP about RH, whereas some aspects require further public health education in the general population. It is necessary to disseminate accurate knowledge of STD risk in China based on sociodemographic characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chang-Cai Zhu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
341
|
Stuppia L, Franzago M, Ballerini P, Gatta V, Antonucci I. Epigenetics and male reproduction: the consequences of paternal lifestyle on fertility, embryo development, and children lifetime health. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:120. [PMID: 26566402 PMCID: PMC4642754 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The correlation between epigenetics and human reproduction represents a very interesting field of study, mainly due to the possible transgenerational effects related to epigenetic modifications of male and female gametes. In the present review, we focused our attention to the role played by epigenetics on male reproduction, evidencing at least four different levels at which sperm epigenetic modifications could affect reproduction: (1) spermatogenesis failure; (2) embryo development; (3) outcome of assisted reproduction technique (ART) protocols, mainly as concerning genomic imprinting; and (4) long-term effects during the offspring lifetime. The environmental agents responsible for epigenetic modifications are also examined, suggesting that the control of paternal lifestyle prior to conception could represent in the next future a novel hot topic in the management of human reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liborio Stuppia
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy ; Ce.S.I.-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marica Franzago
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ballerini
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy
| | - Valentina Gatta
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy ; Ce.S.I.-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ivana Antonucci
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy ; Ce.S.I.-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
342
|
Co-occurring obesity and smoking among U.S. women of reproductive age: Associations with educational attainment and health biomarkers and outcomes. Prev Med 2015; 80:60-6. [PMID: 26051199 PMCID: PMC4592382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity and smoking are independently associated with socioeconomic disadvantage and adverse health effects in women of reproductive age and their children, but little is known about co-occurring obesity and smoking. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between co-occurring obesity and smoking, socioeconomic status, and health biomarkers and outcomes in a nationally representative sample. METHODS Data from non-pregnant women of reproductive age were obtained from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys reported between 2007 and 2010. Linear and logistic regressions were used to examine associations between obesity and smoking alone and in combination with educational attainment and a range of health biomarkers and outcomes. RESULTS Prevalence of co-occurring obesity and smoking was 8.1% (~4.1 million U.S. women of reproductive age) and increased as an inverse function of educational attainment, with the least educated women being 11.6 times more likely to be obese smokers than the most educated. Compared to women with neither condition, obese smokers had significantly poorer cardiovascular and glycemic biomarker profiles, and higher rates of menstrual irregularity, hysterectomy, oophorectomy, physical limitations, and depression. Obese smokers also had significantly worse high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, physical mobility, and depression scores than those with obesity or smoking alone. CONCLUSIONS Co-occurring obesity and smoking is highly associated with low educational attainment, a marker of socioeconomic disadvantage, and a broad range of adverse health biomarkers and outcomes. Interventions specifically targeting co-occurring obesity and smoking are likely necessary in efforts to reduce health disparities among disadvantaged women and their children.
Collapse
|
343
|
Dodge LE, Williams PL, Williams MA, Missmer SA, Souter I, Calafat AM, Hauser R. Associations between paternal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and reproductive outcomes among couples seeking fertility treatment. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 58:184-93. [PMID: 26456810 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Limited evidence suggests that male exposure to ubiquitous environmental phthalates may result in poor reproductive outcomes among female partners. METHODS This analysis included male-female couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and/or intrauterine insemination (IUI). We evaluated associations between the geometric mean of paternal specific gravity-adjusted urinary phthalate concentrations prior to the female partners' cycle and fertilization, embryo quality, implantation, and live birth using generalized linear mixed models. RESULTS Two-hundred eighteen couples underwent 211 IVF and 195 IUI cycles. Trends were observed between paternal urinary mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate (MCPP; P=0.01) and mono(carboxyoctyl) phthalate (MCOP; P=0.01) and decreased odds of implantation. MCPP and MCOP were also associated with decreased odds of live birth following IVF (P=0.01 and P=0.04, respectively), and monobutyl phthalate above the first quartile was significantly associated with decreased odds of live birth following IUI (P=0.04). However, most urinary phthalate metabolites were not associated with these reproductive outcomes. CONCLUSION Selected phthalates were associated with decreased odds of implantation and live birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L E Dodge
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P L Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S A Missmer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - I Souter
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - R Hauser
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
344
|
Abarikwu SO, Duru QC, Chinonso OV, Njoku RC. Antioxidant enzymes activity, lipid peroxidation, oxidative damage in the testis and epididymis, and steroidogenesis in rats after co-exposure to atrazine and ethanol. Andrologia 2015; 48:548-57. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. O. Abarikwu
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Port Harcourt; Choba Nigeria
| | - Q. C. Duru
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Port Harcourt; Choba Nigeria
| | - O. V. Chinonso
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Port Harcourt; Choba Nigeria
| | - R.-C. Njoku
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Port Harcourt; Choba Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
345
|
Casarini L, Santi D, Marino M. Impact of gene polymorphisms of gonadotropins and their receptors on human reproductive success. Reproduction 2015; 150:R175-84. [PMID: 26370242 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotropins and their receptors' genes carry several single-nucleotide polymorphisms resulting in endocrine genotypes modulating reproductive parameters, diseases, and lifespan leading to important implications for reproductive success and potential relevance during human evolution. Here we illustrate common genotypes of the gonadotropins and gonadotropin receptors' genes and their clinical implications in phenotypes relevant for reproduction such as ovarian cycle length, age of menopause, testosterone levels, polycystic ovary syndrome, and cancer. We then discuss their possible role in human reproduction and adaptation to the environment. Gonadotropins and their receptors' variants are differently distributed among human populations. Some hints suggest that they may be the result of natural selection that occurred in ancient times, increasing the individual chance of successful mating, pregnancy, and effective post-natal parental cares. The gender-related differences in the regulation of the reproductive endocrine systems imply that many of these genotypes may lead to sex-dependent effects, increasing the chance of mating and reproductive success in one sex at the expenses of the other sex. Also, we suggest that sexual conflicts within the FSH and LH-choriogonadotropin receptor genes contributed to maintain genotypes linked to subfertility among humans. Because the distribution of polymorphic markers results in a defined geographical pattern due to human migrations rather than natural selection, these polymorphisms may have had only a weak impact on reproductive success. On the contrary, such genotypes could acquire relevant consequences in the modern, developed societies in which parenthood attempts often occur at a later age, during a short, suboptimal reproductive window, making clinical fertility treatments necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Livio Casarini
- Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural SciencesCenter for Genomic ResearchUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi, 287, 41125 Modena, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaNOCSAE, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural SciencesCenter for Genomic ResearchUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi, 287, 41125 Modena, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaNOCSAE, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Santi
- Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural SciencesCenter for Genomic ResearchUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi, 287, 41125 Modena, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaNOCSAE, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural SciencesCenter for Genomic ResearchUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi, 287, 41125 Modena, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaNOCSAE, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Marino
- Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural SciencesCenter for Genomic ResearchUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi, 287, 41125 Modena, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaNOCSAE, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural SciencesCenter for Genomic ResearchUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi, 287, 41125 Modena, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaNOCSAE, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
346
|
Gomes M, Freitas MJ, Fardilha M. Physical Activity, Exercise, and Mammalian Testis Function: Emerging Preclinical Protein Biomarker and Integrative Biology Insights. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2015; 19:499-511. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2015.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Gomes
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Institute for Research in Biomedicine—iBiMED, Health Sciences Program, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria João Freitas
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Institute for Research in Biomedicine—iBiMED, Health Sciences Program, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Institute for Research in Biomedicine—iBiMED, Health Sciences Program, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
347
|
Gosálvez J, López-Fernández C, Fernández JL, Esteves SC, Johnston SD. Unpacking the mysteries of sperm DNA fragmentation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/2058915815594454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although it has been thirty years since publication of one of the most influential papers on the value of assessing sperm DNA damage, andrologists have yet to reach a general consensus about how to apply this seminal parameter to improve or predict reproductive outcomes. Studies that have attempted to establish a causal relationship between sperm DNA damage and pregnancy success have often resulted in conflicting findings, eroding the practitioner’s confidence to incorporate this phenomenon into their appraisal of fertility. In this review we have identified and answered ten important unresolved questions commonly asked by andrologists with respect to the relationship between sperm DNA damage and fertility. We answer questions ranging from a basic comprehension of biological mechanisms and external factors that contribute to increased levels of sperm DNA damage in the ejaculate to what type of DNA lesions we might be expect to occur and what are some of the consequences of DNA damage on early embryonic development. We also address some of the fundamental technical issues associated with the most appropriate measurement of sperm DNA damage and the need to attenuate the confounding impacts of iatrogenic damage. We conclude by asking whether it is possible to reduce elevated levels of sperm DNA damage therapeutically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Gosálvez
- Genetics Unit, Department of Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - C López-Fernández
- Genetics Unit, Department of Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - JL Fernández
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Radiobiology, Oncology Center of Galicia, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - SC Esteves
- Androfert, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - SD Johnston
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
348
|
Lopez-del Burgo C, Gea A, de Irala J, Martínez-González MA, Chavarro JE, Toledo E. Alcohol and Difficulty Conceiving in the SUN Cohort: A Nested Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2015. [PMID: 26225997 PMCID: PMC4555117 DOI: 10.3390/nu7085278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of alcohol on fertility remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between alcohol and specific alcoholic beverages consumption and the risk of difficulty getting pregnant. We used a case-control study nested within the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort, a prospective, dynamic and multipurpose cohort of 21,705 Spanish university graduates, followed biennially with mailed questionnaires. We identified 686 case-control pairs, matched for age and time in the cohort. Cases were women reporting difficulty getting pregnant. Controls did not consult due to difficulty conceiving and had at least one child during follow-up. After adjustment for potential confounders, we found no association between self-reported difficulty getting pregnant and the number of alcoholic beverages consumed per week, (Odds Ratio [OR] > 5 drinks/week vs. none = 1.04, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.72–1.51). No association between types of alcoholic beverage and difficulty conceiving (OR > 5 drinks of wine/week vs. none = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.72–1.88; OR > 5 drinks of beer/week vs. none = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.82–1.37; OR > 5 drinks of spirits/week vs. none = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.84–1.64) was observed. In conclusion, we found no association between alcohol intake and risk of consulting a physician due to difficulty conceiving. More studies are needed to clearly elucidate the effects of alcohol intake on women’s fertility. In the meantime, recommendations about alcohol intake to couples trying to conceive have to be given cautiously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Lopez-del Burgo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Gea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 02115 Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jokin de Irala
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 02115 Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 02115 Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Estefania Toledo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
349
|
Davidson LM, Millar K, Jones C, Fatum M, Coward K. Deleterious effects of obesity upon the hormonal and molecular mechanisms controlling spermatogenesis and male fertility. HUM FERTIL 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2015.1070438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
350
|
Sá R, Cunha M, Rocha E, Barros A, Sousa M. Sperm DNA fragmentation is related to sperm morphological staining patterns. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 31:506-15. [PMID: 26278809 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this prospective comparative study, sperm DNA fragmentation (sDNAfrag) was compared at each step of a sequential semen preparation, with semen parameters according to their degree of severity. At each step (fractions) of the sequential procedure, sDNAfrag was determined: fresh (Raw), after gradient centrifugation, washing, and swim-up (SU) for 70 infertile men enrolled in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. sDNAfrag significantly (P = 0.04; P < 0.0001) decreased throughout the steps of semen preparation, with centrifugation and washing not increasing it. A negative correlation to sperm motility was observed in Raw and SU fractions, and a higher sDNAfrag was observed in samples with lower semen quality. Our results confirm that the steps of the sequential procedure do not compromise sperm DNA integrity and progressively decreased sDNAfrag regardless of the sperm abnormality and that semen parameters with lower quality present higher sDNAfrag. Four distinct patterns were observed, of which the entire sperm head staining was the pattern most expressed in all studied fractions. Additionally, the sperm head gene-rich region staining pattern was reduced by the procedure. This suggests that pattern quantification might be a useful adjunct when performing sDNAfrag testing for male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosália Sá
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Cunha
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros (CGR-ABarros), 4100-009 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Rocha
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, ICBAS-UP, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Barros
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros (CGR-ABarros), 4100-009 Porto, Portugal; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, UP, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Sousa
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|