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Global COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance: A Systematic Review of Associated Social and Behavioral Factors. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10010110. [PMID: 35062771 PMCID: PMC8779795 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines have met varying levels of acceptance and hesitancy in different parts of the world, which has implications for eliminating the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this systematic review is to examine how and why the rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy differ across countries and continents. PubMed, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore and Science Direct were searched between 1 January 2020 and 31 July 2021 using keywords such as “COVID-19 vaccine acceptance”. 81 peer-reviewed publications were found to be eligible for review. The analysis shows that there are global variations in vaccine acceptance among different populations. The vaccine-acceptance rates were the highest amongst adults in Ecuador (97%), Malaysia (94.3%) and Indonesia (93.3%) and the lowest amongst adults in Lebanon (21.0%). The general healthcare workers (HCWs) in China (86.20%) and nurses in Italy (91.50%) had the highest acceptance rates, whereas HCWs in the Democratic Republic of Congo had the lowest acceptance (27.70%). A nonparametric one-way ANOVA showed that the differences in vaccine-acceptance rates were statistically significant (H (49) = 75.302, p = 0.009*) between the analyzed countries. However, the reasons behind vaccine hesitancy and acceptance were similar across the board. Low vaccine acceptance was associated with low levels of education and awareness, and inefficient government efforts and initiatives. Furthermore, poor influenza-vaccination history, as well as conspiracy theories relating to infertility and misinformation about the COVID-19 vaccine on social media also resulted in vaccine hesitancy. Strategies to address these concerns may increase global COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and accelerate our efforts to eliminate this pandemic.
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Ferreira Caceres MM, Sosa JP, Lawrence JA, Sestacovschi C, Tidd-Johnson A, Rasool MHUI, Gadamidi VK, Ozair S, Pandav K, Cuevas-Lou C, Parrish M, Rodriguez I, Fernandez JP. The impact of misinformation on the COVID-19 pandemic. AIMS Public Health 2022; 9:262-277. [PMID: 35634019 PMCID: PMC9114791 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2022018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the inception of the current pandemic, COVID-19 related misinformation has played a role in defaulting control of the situation. It has become evident that the internet, social media, and other communication outlets with readily available data have contributed to the dissemination and availability of misleading information. It has perpetuated beliefs that led to vaccine avoidance, mask refusal, and utilization of medications with insignificant scientific data, ultimately contributing to increased morbidity. Undoubtedly, misinformation has become a challenge and a burden to individual health, public health, and governments globally. Our review article aims at providing an overview and summary regarding the role of media, other information outlets, and their impact on the pandemic. The goal of this article is to increase awareness of the negative impact of misinformation on the pandemic. In addition, we discuss a few recommendations that could aid in decreasing this burden, as preventing the conception and dissemination of misinformation is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Pablo Sosa
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jannel A Lawrence
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Cristina Sestacovschi
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Atiyah Tidd-Johnson
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Medicine, American University of Antigua, Coolidge, Antigua
| | | | - Vinay Kumar Gadamidi
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Saleha Ozair
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Krunal Pandav
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Claudia Cuevas-Lou
- Family Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Hialeah, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew Parrish
- Family Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Hialeah, Florida, USA
| | - Ivan Rodriguez
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
- Family Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital South Campus, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Javier Perez Fernandez
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, Florida, USA
- Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Hilaeah, Florida, USA
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403
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Chi L, Zhao G, Chen N, Shen G, Huang K, Xia X, Chen Y, Liu J, Xu R, Chen Y, Dong W, Zheng J. Comparison of Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccination Intention Between Healthcare Workers and Non-Healthcare Workers in China. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 14:3597-3606. [PMID: 35002249 PMCID: PMC8722697 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s341326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccination is an effective strategy to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. This study aimed to compare predictors of vaccination intention between healthcare workers (HCWs) and non-healthcare workers (non-HCWs) in China. Methods A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among HCWs and non-HCWs. Several bivariate analysis techniques, eg, crosstab with Chi-square, independent t-test and single factor ANOVA, were performed to analyze the correlation. After that, a series of multivariate binary regressions were employed to determine predictors of vaccination intention. Results Intention was closely and significantly related with gender, perceived vaccination knowledge, perceived importance and effectiveness of vaccine to prevent COVID-19. HCWs and non-HCWs were heterogeneous, since vaccination intention, perceived knowledge, and attitudes (eg, importance, severity, risk) toward COVID-19 or vaccine had statistically significant difference between the two groups. With comparison of predictors of vaccination intention, for HCWs, demographic factors were the major predictors of COVID-19 vaccination intention. Female HCWs and HCWs with a Master’s or higher degree were more hesitant about vaccination (P = 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively), while HCWs had greater vaccination intention as their age increased (P = 0.02). For non-HCWs, perceived vaccination knowledge was the major predictor of COVID-19 vaccination intention (P < 0.001). Additionally, perceived importance and effectiveness of vaccine were predictors for both HCWs and non-HCWs. Conclusion Vaccination intention of HCWs was greater than that of non-HCWs in China. Measures should be taken to improve the vaccination rate based on the predictors of vaccination intention identified in this study. For HCWs, especially those with a high level of education or who were females, the safety and effectiveness of vaccines in use may reinforce their vaccination intention. For non-HCWs, popularization of general medical knowledge, including of vaccine-preventable diseases, may increase their vaccination intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Chi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojing Zhao
- Institute of China Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiche Chen
- Renji College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Shen
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijing Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Natural Science, Affiliated School of Wenzhou University Town, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhan Chen
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Dong
- The 1th School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiexia Zheng
- Department of Student Affairs, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
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404
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Hanna P, Issa A, Noujeim Z, Hleyhel M, Saleh N. Assessment of COVID-19 vaccines acceptance in the Lebanese population: a national cross-sectional study. J Pharm Policy Pract 2022; 15:5. [PMID: 35016705 PMCID: PMC8749113 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-021-00403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccines have become the best weapon for epidemic prevention and control in the absence of standard approved effective therapies. However, skepticism about the vaccine efficacy and safety is constantly reported. To our knowledge, there has been no study assessing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Lebanon. The primary objective of this survey is to assess the COVID-19 vaccines’ acceptance and its related determinants in the Lebanese population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Lebanon from February 16 through February 25, 2021. Data was collected using an online questionnaire via social media platforms using the snowball technique. The questionnaire consisted of 47 questions related to sociodemographic and medical history, COVID-19 experience, knowledge, practice, and beliefs towards COVID-19 vaccines, including vaccines acceptance. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with vaccine acceptance. Results A total of 1209 questionnaires were completed; around 63.4% have reported their acceptance for receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, while only 57% of participants registered themselves on the national platform. The multivariable analysis showed that a higher knowledge scale, living in an urban residential area, having hypertension, not having a food allergy, reporting a higher fear to experience COVID-19 infection, and receiving or wanting to receive influenza vaccine, were positive predictors of COVID-19 vaccines acceptance. Conclusions Our findings support the need to improve knowledge about COVID-19 infection and vaccination through education and awareness programs. Specifically residents of rural areas should be targeted to optimize COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among the Lebanese population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40545-021-00403-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Hanna
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon.
| | - Aline Issa
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Noujeim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.,Department of Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Mira Hleyhel
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Saleh
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
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405
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Daniel CL, Williams J, Legg R, McGowen C, Stutzman J. Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination intentions among adults in the deep South. Vaccine 2022; 40:841-853. [PMID: 35034834 PMCID: PMC8744449 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The recent approval of several COVID-19 vaccines signals progress toward controlling the pandemic. Although social distancing and masking have been effective, vaccines are an important additional measure of protection to reduce COVID-19 spread. Adequate uptake is essential to reach herd immunity, estimated to be approximately 67%. However, vaccine hesitancy, the fast-tracked nature of the COVID-19 vaccines, and misinformation circulating through various forms of media have contributed to lower vaccination intention than desired. The current research study developed an online survey conducted via Facebook to explore the attitudes and perceptions of adult Alabama residents about COVID-19 and the COVID-19 vaccines. Of the 3,781 respondents, only 44.3% reported intent to receive a vaccine, with a large proportion reporting they were unsure (28.1%). Lack of intention to vaccinate was associated with low educational attainment, low COVID-19 knowledge levels, low income, and African American race. The current survey also explored participants’ influenza vaccine behavior as this information can also be used to inform successful COVID-19 vaccine distribution. Of the respondents, 56% report receiving the yearly influenza vaccine and the majority receive it at a pharmacy or healthcare provider office. This informs likely successful locations for COVID-19 vaccine distribution. Appropriate education targeted to populations most likely to refuse COVID-19 vaccination is essential to promote uptake. The information collected from the current study should be utilized to inform effective and efficient vaccine distribution strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey L Daniel
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36604, United States; University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, Mobile, AL 36604, United States.
| | - Jacob Williams
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36604, United States
| | - Rachel Legg
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36604, United States
| | - Chelsea McGowen
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, Mobile, AL 36604, United States
| | - Jesse Stutzman
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36604, United States
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406
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Factors That Impact Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination in Different Community-Dwelling Populations in China. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10010091. [PMID: 35062753 PMCID: PMC8779453 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: It is important to improve vaccination strategies and immunization programs to achieve herd immunity to infectious diseases. (2) Methods: To assess the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination, we conducted face-to-face surveys and online surveys in Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Qinghai provinces. A fixed-effect model and a random effects model were used to analyze factors associated with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. (3) Findings: We initially recruited 3173 participants, 3172 participants completed the full questionnaire (the response rate was nearly 100%), of which 2169 were valid questionnaires, with an effective rate of 87.3%. The results indicated that 82.6% of participants were willing to receive vaccination when it was available in the community, and 57.2% of deliverymen, 43.3% of medical workers, 78.2% of parents of primary and secondary school children, and 72.2% of parents of preschool children were willing to receive vaccination. The models showed that participants who were male (female vs. male: OR = 1.49, 95% CI (1.12, 1.98)), 60 to 69 years-old (60-69 vs. <30: OR = 0.52, 95% CI (0.29, 0.92)), had less education (medium vs. low: OR = 1.50, 95% CI (1.05, 2.23)), had good health status (good vs. low: OR = 0.36, 95% CI (0.15, 0.88)), and had positive attitudes and trust (OR = 0.14, 95% CI (0.10, 0.20)) in vaccines approved by the National Health Commission were more likely to accept vaccination. Participants also had an increased vaccination acceptance if it was recommended by government sources, doctors, relatives, or friends. Most participants learned about COVID-19 vaccination from television, radio, and newspapers, followed by community or hospital campaigns and the internet. (4) Conclusions: Government sources and doctors could increase the acceptance of vaccination by promoting the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccination by the use of mass media and emphasizing the necessity of vaccination for everyone.
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407
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Zintel S, Flock C, Arbogast AL, Forster A, von Wagner C, Sieverding M. Gender differences in the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 31:1-25. [PMID: 35018277 PMCID: PMC8739532 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-021-01677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyse gender differences in COVID-19 vaccination intentions. SUBJECT AND METHODS PubMed, Web of Science and PsycInfo were searched (November 2020 to January 2021) for studies reporting absolute frequencies of COVID-19 vaccination intentions by gender. Averaged odds ratios comparing vaccination intentions among men and women were computed. Descriptive analyses of the studies were reported. RESULTS Sixty studies were included in the review and data from 46 studies (n = 141,550) were available for meta-analysis. A majority (58%) of papers reported men to have higher intentions to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Meta-analytic calculations showed that significantly fewer women stated that they would get vaccinated than men, OR 1.41 (95% CI 1.28 to 1.55). This effect was evident in several countries, and the difference was bigger in samples of health care workers than in unspecified general population samples. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis found lower vaccination intentions among women than men. This difference is discussed in the light of recent data on actual vaccination rates in different countries. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-021-01677-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Zintel
- Department of Psychology, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Flock
- Department of Psychology, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Lisa Arbogast
- Department of Psychology, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alice Forster
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Christian von Wagner
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Monika Sieverding
- Department of Psychology, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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408
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Håkansson A, Claesdotter E. Fear of COVID-19, compliance with recommendations against virus transmission, and attitudes towards vaccination in Sweden. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08699. [PMID: 34981036 PMCID: PMC8716143 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the immense impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health and everyday lives world-wide, people's fear of COVID-19 has been studied in a number of settings using the Fear of COVID scale. In Sweden, virus-preventing strategies have differed from comparable countries, with low use of formal lock-down procedures. It is crucial to study correlates of non-compliance with COVID-19 recommendations, and unwillingness to become vaccinated. This study aims to study whether fear of COVID is associated with mental distress and attitudes towards the pandemic, and to study correlates of non-compliance with key anti-COVID recommendations and with reluctancy to vaccination. This anonymous online survey study in web panel participants (N = 1,501) aimed to study a range of behavioral changes during COVID-19. Recommendations and vaccinations reluctancy were analyzed in logistic regressions against socio-demographic data, COVID-19 status, and mental health history. Internal consistency of the Fear of COVID scale was calculated. The Fear of COVID scale had a satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach-alpha 0.84), and was significantly associated with compliance with all COVID-19 recommendations and with mental health. Non-compliance with recommendations was associated with low fear of disease and younger age, among other variables. Being against vaccination was associated, among other variables, with low fear of disease and with low education. In conclusion, the Fear of COVID scale appears to be associated with key attitudes towards the COVID-19 disease. Anti-virus strategies may need to promote compliance with recommendations in subgroups who feel low fear of disease or who believe not to be in a risk group for severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Håkansson
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden
- Region Skåne, Malmö Addiction Center, Clinical Gambling Disorder Unit, Malmö, Sweden
- Corresponding author.
| | - E. Claesdotter
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden
- Region Skåne, Dept of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden
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409
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The Role of Incentives in Deciding to Receive the Available COVID-19 Vaccine in Israel. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10010077. [PMID: 35062738 PMCID: PMC8778303 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the Israeli public’s intention to get vaccinated immediately after the COVID-19 vaccine became available, and to determine the role of incentives beyond socio-demographic, health-related and behavioral factors, in predicting this intention. An online survey was conducted among adults in Israel (n = 461), immediately after the first COVID-19 vaccine became available (22 December 2020 to 10 January 2021). Two regressions were performed to investigate determinants of intention to receive the available COVID-19 vaccine and sense of urgency to receive the vaccine. Although many adults were willing to receive available COVID-19 vaccine, only 65% were willing to immediately receive the vaccine, 17% preferred to wait 3 months and 18% preferred to wait a year. The sense of urgency to get vaccinated differed by age, periphery level, perceived barriers, cues to action and availability. Incentives such as monetary rewards or the green pass did not increase the probability of getting vaccination immediately. Providing data on the role of incentives in increasing the intention to immediately receive the available COVID-19 vaccine is important for health policy makers and healthcare providers. Our findings underscore the importance of COVID-19 vaccine accessibility. Health policy makers should consider allocating funds for making the vaccine accessible and encourage methods of persuasion, instead of investing funds in monetary incentives.
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410
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Valckx S, Crèvecoeur J, Verelst F, Vranckx M, Hendrickx G, Hens N, Van Damme P, Pepermans K, Beutels P, Neyens T. Individual factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in between and during pandemic waves (July-December 2020). Vaccine 2022; 40:151-161. [PMID: 34863621 PMCID: PMC8634074 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background A year after the start of the COVID-19 outbreak, the global rollout of vaccines gives us hope of ending the pandemic. Lack of vaccine confidence, however, poses a threat to vaccination campaigns. This study aims at identifying individuals’ characteristics that explain vaccine willingness in Flanders (Belgium), while also describing trends over time (July–December 2020). Methods The analysis included data of 10 survey waves of the Great Corona Survey, a large-scale online survey that was open to the general public and had 17,722–32,219 respondents per wave. Uni- and multivariable general additive models were fitted to associate vaccine willingness with socio-demographic and behavioral variables, while correcting for temporal and geographical variability. Results We found 84.2% of the respondents willing to be vaccinated, i.e., respondents answering that they were definitely (61.2%) or probably (23.0%) willing to get a COVID-19 vaccine, while 9.8% indicated maybe, 3.9% probably not and 2.2% definitely not. In Flanders, vaccine willingness was highest in July 2020 (90.0%), decreased over the summer period to 80.2% and started to increase again from late September, reaching 85.9% at the end of December 2020. Vaccine willingness was significantly associated with respondents’ characteristics: previous survey participation, age, gender, province, educational attainment, household size, financial situation, employment sector, underlying medical conditions, mental well-being, government trust, knowing someone with severe COVID-19 symptoms and compliance with restrictive measures. These variables could explain much, but not all, variation in vaccine willingness. Conclusions Both the timing and location of data collection influence vaccine willingness results, emphasizing that comparing data from different regions, countries and/or timepoints should be done with caution. To maximize COVID-19 vaccination coverage, vaccination campaigns should focus on (a combination of) subpopulations: aged 31–50, females, low educational attainment, large households, difficult financial situation, low mental well-being and labourers, unemployed and self-employed citizens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Valckx
- Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, VAXINFECTIO, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Jonas Crèvecoeur
- Leuven Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics Centre (L-BioStat), Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, building D, box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Frederik Verelst
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, VAXINFECTIO, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Maren Vranckx
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Greet Hendrickx
- Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, VAXINFECTIO, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Niel Hens
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, VAXINFECTIO, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Pierre Van Damme
- Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, VAXINFECTIO, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Koen Pepermans
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Sint-Jacobstraat 2, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Beutels
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, VAXINFECTIO, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Neyens
- Leuven Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics Centre (L-BioStat), Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, building D, box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.
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411
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Lin C, Tu P, Terry TC. Moving the needle on racial disparity: COVID-19 vaccine trust and hesitancy. Vaccine 2022; 40:5-8. [PMID: 34839990 PMCID: PMC8604693 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Health equity has grown in prominence during the pandemic. Racial disparities in COVID-19 infections and vaccine hesitancy (differences up to 26%) have generated concerns, research, and interventions with less-than-satisfactory results. Two longitudinal national surveys in the U.S. revealed previously overlooked patterns in the changes of COVID-19 vaccination intention across race/ethnicity. While White vaccine acceptance bounced back to the March 2020 level (65%) a year later, minority (except Asians) responses continued to lag and fluctuated with greater volatility. Though Hispanics’ refusal aligned more with Blacks, the ratio of Hispanics willing to vaccinate was similar to Whites, even intermittently went above. Further, the magnitude and direction of changes varied by race at specific times (e.g., launch of Operation Warp Speed, reports of high vaccine efficacy in clinical trials or FDA approval), indicating subgroups react differently to events and thus require timely identification of driving factors for dynamic communications to encourage uptake. We also briefly reviewed the historical background of distrust in medicine and health authorities, including the Tuskegee Syphilis Study that led to the Belmont Report regulating human subject research and severe adverse reactions from the 1976 mass vaccination against the H1N1 swine flu. These examples, perpetuating inequity in the present healthcare system, and logistical barriers illustrate the contextual complexity and importance of instilling confidence in vaccines among the minority population.
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412
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Ledford CJW, Cafferty LA, Moore JX, Roberts C, Whisenant EB, Garcia Rychtarikova A, Seehusen DA. The dynamics of trust and communication in COVID-19 vaccine decision making: A qualitative inquiry. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 27:17-26. [PMID: 35220915 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2022.2028943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists coordinated a complex immunization effort that developed and distributed vaccines by December 2020. This study aimed to explain COVID-19 vaccination decision-making process to inform vaccine communication with patients and the public. Building on quantitative research on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, we conducted a grounded theory study, collecting 30 qualitative interviews with employees at a U.S. university that provided vaccine eligibility in December 2020. Analysis followed the Sort and Sift, Think and Shift method. Participants who had chosen to receive the vaccine and those who had not both described five factors that impacted their decision-making: emotional response, understanding, personal values, culture, and social norms. Across these factors, we identified three cross-cutting themes: time, trust, and communication tactics. In a time of emerging science and changing answers, the constant introduction of new information created information overload for participants. COVID-19 vaccine development was a "grand experiment globally," which required trust, not only knowledge, to overcome hesitancy. The complex information environment surrounding COVID-19 vaccination requires multi-level intervention that cannot rely on knowledge translation alone. We need to help patients build trusting relationships with experts that can create scaffolding for future information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy J W Ledford
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lauren A Cafferty
- Military Primary Care Research Network, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Justin X Moore
- Cancer Prevention, Control, & Population Health, Department of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, USA
| | - Courtney Roberts
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ebony B Whisenant
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Dean A Seehusen
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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413
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Bass SB, Kelly PJ, Hoadley A, Arroyo Lloret A, Organtini T. Mapping Perceptual Differences to Understand COVID-19 Beliefs in Those with Vaccine Hesitancy. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 27:49-61. [PMID: 35199628 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2022.2042627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thirty percent of US adults are COVID-19 vaccine hesitant, but little is known about them beyond demographics. We used segmentation and perceptual mapping techniques to assess perceptual differences in unvaccinated, vaccine hesitant adults in Philadelphia, PA (n = 110) who answered a cross-sectional survey in-person or online. The sample was 54% ethnic minority, 65% female, 55% earned less than $25,000 with a mean age of 44. K-means cluster analysis identified three audience segments based on reported trust of healthcare providers and personal COVID-19 impact (High Trust/Low impact [n = 34], Moderate Trust/High impact [n = 39], Low Trust/Low impact [n = 23]). Multidimensional scaling analysis created three-dimensional perceptual maps to understand differences in COVID-19 and vaccine perceptions. The Low Trust/Low Impact group showed higher agreement with items related to COVID-19 being a hoax (p = .034) and that minorities should be suspicious of government information (p = .009). Maps indicate vaccine messaging for all groups would need to acknowledge these items, but added messaging about trust of pharmaceutical companies, belief that COVID messages keep changing or that vaccines are not safe would also need to be addressed to reach different segments. This may be more effective than current messaging that highlights personal responsibility or protection of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bauerle Bass
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Patrick J Kelly
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Risk Communication Laboratory, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ariel Hoadley
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Anamarys Arroyo Lloret
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Tarah Organtini
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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414
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The Early-Term Adverse Effects in Healthcare Personnel after CoronaVac Vaccination. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.1026942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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415
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination against COVID-19 is a major public health challenge, including the community of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Vaccination coverage is suboptimal in inflammatory bowel disease population. It is of paramount importance to ensure an effective and rapid vaccination program with the adherence of the largest number of well-informed patients. AIMS We assessed the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among inflammatory bowel disease patients. METHODS We performed a survey as part of routine practice, between January 8th and February 22nd, 2021. All consecutive adult patients followed at Nancy University Hospital for inflammatory bowel disease were included. Patients completed a self-administered, structured, paper-based questionnaire. Demographic data, medical history, knowledge, and perceptions of COVID-19 vaccination were collected. RESULTS Among the 104 patients who responded to the survey, 57 patients (54.8%) had intent to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccine efficacy, social responsibility, herd immunity, and desire to return to normal life were associated with self-reported willingness to receive a vaccine (20.2%, 20.2%, 11.5%, and 15.4%, respectively). Unknown long-term safety, risk of adverse reaction to vaccine and concern that the vaccine is being developed too quickly were the most commonly reported reasons for non-uptake (27.9%, 15.4%, and 12.5%, respectively). CONCLUSION Half of the patients with inflammatory bowel disease would like to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. This rate is similar to that reported in the French general population. Despite some concerns, patients with inflammatory bowel disease understood the necessity to be vaccinated against COVID-19.
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416
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Kajikawa N, Yokoya S, Maeno T. COVID-19 Vaccination Willingness and Associated Factors in Japanese Primary Care Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221097282. [PMID: 35638712 PMCID: PMC9160894 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221097282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES COVID-19 vaccination is important to stop the pandemic. It has been reported that willingness to be vaccinated is associated with system factors as well as individual attitudes and beliefs. Primary care patients include individuals at increased risk of poor outcomes after COVID-19 infection, such as elderly people and those with comorbidities. This study investigated attitudes in this population toward COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination, including willingness to be vaccinated and associated factors. This study was conducted in Japan, where the population has low vaccine confidence, during the initial phase of COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS Patients from 1 primary care clinic in Kitaibaraki City, Ibaraki, Japan, participated in this study from March to April 2021. They were administered a self-reported questionnaire exploring factors such as willingness to undergo COVID-19 vaccination, perceived susceptibility, and perceived vaccine efficacy. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with vaccination. RESULTS Of the 717 patients (response rate, 88.3%), 512 (70.0%) reported they were willing to be vaccinated for COVID-19. Multivariate analysis revealed that vaccination willingness was associated with older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.05), male gender (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.15-3.30), influenza vaccination in in the 2020/2021 season (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.49-4.32), recommendation from others (OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.58-6.18), high perceived susceptibility (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.45-4.33), belief in vaccine efficacy (OR 3.83, 95% CI 1.54-9.56), high perceived susceptibility to vaccine-related adverse events (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.22-0.64), and high espousal of social norms (OR 8.00, 95% CI 2.78-23.0). CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 vaccination was widely acceptable to Japanese primary care patients. In addition to factors such as vaccine efficacy, and past influenza vaccination, social norms may be important in determining COVID-19 vaccination willingness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Kajikawa
- Department of Family Medicine, General Practice and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kitaibaraki Center for Family Medicine, Kitaibaraki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shoji Yokoya
- Department of Family Medicine, General Practice and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kitaibaraki Center for Family Medicine, Kitaibaraki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Maeno
- Department of Primary Care and Medical Education, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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417
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Luo H, Qu H, Basu R, Rafferty AP, Patil SP, Cummings DM. Willingness to Get a COVID-19 Vaccine and Reasons for Hesitancy Among Medicare Beneficiaries: Results From a National Survey. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2022; 28:70-76. [PMID: 34081668 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess (1) the willingness to get a COVID-19 vaccine among Medicare beneficiaries, (2) the associated factors, and (3) the reasons for vaccine hesitancy. METHODS Data were taken from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) 2020 Fall COVID-19 Supplement, conducted October-November 2020. Willingness to get a COVID-19 vaccine was measured by respondents' answer to whether they would get a COVID-19 vaccine when available. We classified responses of "definitely" and "probably" as "willing to get," and responses "probably not," "definitely not," and "not sure" as "vaccine hesitancy." Reasons for vaccine hesitancy were assessed by a series of yes/no questions focusing on 10 potential reasons. The analytical sample included 6715 adults 65 years and older. We conducted a logistic regression model to assess demographic factors and other factors associated with the willingness to get a COVID-19 vaccine. All analyses were conducted in Stata 14 and accounted for the complex survey design of MCBS. RESULTS Overall, 61.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 59.1-63.0) of Medicare beneficiaries would be willing to get a vaccine when available. Among those who were hesitant, more than 40% reported that mistrust of the government and side effects as the main reasons. Logistic regression model results showed that non-Hispanic Blacks (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.24-0.44) and Hispanics (AOR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.47-0.77) were less willing to get a vaccine than non-Hispanic Whites; beneficiaries with an income of less than $25 000 (AOR = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.62-0.81) were less willing to get the vaccine than those with an income of $25 000 or more; those who did not think that the COVID-19 virus was more contagious (AOR = 0.53; 95% CI, 0.41-0.69) or more deadly (AOR = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.41-0.65) were also less willing to get the vaccine than those who thought that the virus was more contagious or more deadly than the influenza virus. CONCLUSIONS The 2020 MCBS survey data showed that close to 40% of Medicare beneficiaries were hesitant about getting a COVID-19 vaccine, and the hesitancy was greater in racial/ethnic minorities. Medicare beneficiaries were concerned about the safety of the vaccine, and some appeared to be misinformed. Evidence-based educational and policy-level interventions need to be implemented to further promote COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Luo
- Departments of Public Health (Drs Luo, Basu, and Rafferty) and Family Medicine (Drs Patil and Cummings), Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; and Department of Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (Dr Qu)
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418
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Jahanshahi-Amjazi R, Rezaeian M, Abdolkarimi M, Nasirzadeh M. Predictors of the intention to receive the COVID 19 vaccine by Iranians 18-70 year old: Application of health belief model. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:175. [PMID: 35847130 PMCID: PMC9277725 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_647_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In terms of public health, vaccination is considered as the most effective approach against the infectious diseases. Accepting and receiving the first vaccine produced as an innovation may not be easy. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the predictors of intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine by Iranians aged 18-70 years based on the health belief model in 2021. MATERIALS AND METHODS This descriptive study was performed on 2365 people aged 18-70-year old in Iran by random cluster sampling. Receipt of data was done electronically questionnaire through the Porcelain system. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 using Chi-square, one-way analysis of variance, independent t-test, and multiple regression analysis at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS The mean score of receiving the Iranian corona vaccine was 3.06 ± 1.30 out of 5 points. About 16.7% reported that they will definitely choose the Iranian vaccine. The highest correlation was between the intention to receive the vaccine with self-efficacy (r = 0.239, P < 0.001) and barriers to receiving the vaccine (r = -0.237, P < 0.001). Self-efficacy (β = 0.114, P < 0.001), perceived barriers (β = -0.126, P < 0.001), and benefits of vaccine (β = 0.061, P = 0.022) were most important predictors the intention to receive the vaccine. CONCLUSION Approximately 38% reported that they would definitely and probably not choose the Iranian corona vaccine. Therefore, it is suggested that more information should be provided about the features and benefits of domestically produced vaccines compared to foreign products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Jahanshahi-Amjazi
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaeian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abdolkarimi
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Nasirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Occupational Environment Research Centre, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Mostafa Nasirzadeh, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Occupational Environment Research Centre, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. E-mail:
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419
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Vasileva AV, Karavaeva TA, Radionov DS, Yakovlev AV, Mitin IN, Caroppo E, Barshak SI, Nazarov KS. Concerns and Challenges Related to Sputnik V Vaccination Against the Novel COVID-19 Infection in the Russian Federation: The Role of Mental Health, and Personal and Social Issues as Targets for Future Psychosocial Interventions. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:835323. [PMID: 35774085 PMCID: PMC9237238 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.835323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy causes serious difficulties in vaccination campaigns in many countries. The study of the population's attitude toward vaccination and detection of the predictive important individual psychological and social factors defining the vaccination necessity perception will allow elaborating promoting vaccination adherence measures. OBJECTIVES The aim of this research was to study COVID-19 threat appraisal, fear of COVID-19, trust in COVID-19 information sources, COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, and the relationship of sociodemographic variables to COVID-19 preventive behavior. METHODS We carried out a cohort cross-sectional study of the population's attitude toward vaccination against the novel COVID-19 coronavirus infection, using a specially designed questionnaire for an online survey. Totally, there were 4,977 respondents, ranging in age from 18 to 81 years. Statistical assessment was carried out using the SPSS-11 program. RESULTS There were different attitudes toward vaccination. Among respondents, 34.2% considered vaccination to be useful, 31.1% doubted its effectiveness, and 9.9% considered vaccination unnecessary. The survey indicated that 7.4% of respondents were indifferent to the vaccine, while 12.2% deemed it to be dangerous. Nearly one-third (32.3%) of respondents indicated that they did not plan to be vaccinated, while another third (34.0%) would postpone their decision until more comprehensive data on the results and effectiveness of vaccination were available. Only 11.6% of the respondents were vaccinated at the time of the study. Young people were less focused on vaccination compared to middle-aged and elderly people. Receiving information concerning COVID-19 vaccination from healthcare workers and scientific experts was associated with greater vaccination acceptance. CONCLUSION The study results showed that vaccination attitudes interacted with individuals' mental health and various sociodemographic factors. Insofar as reports of physicians and experts are essential for shaping attitudes to vaccination, the study results inform the selection of target groups in need of particular psychosocial interventions to overcome their vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Vasileva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology» of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.,I. I. Mechnikov North-Western Medical State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana A Karavaeva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology» of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.,Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education «Saint-Petersburg State University», Saint-Petersburg, Russia.,Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education «Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University» of the Ministry Healthcare of Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.,Federal State Budget Institution «National Medical Research Center of Oncology Named After N. N. Petrov» of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitriy S Radionov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology» of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander V Yakovlev
- Federal State Budgetary Military Educational Institution of Higher Education «Military Medical Academy Named After S. M. Kirov »of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor N Mitin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Research and Clinical Center of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation of Federal Medical Biological Agency", Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Sergey I Barshak
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Research and Clinical Center of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation of Federal Medical Biological Agency", Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill S Nazarov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Research and Clinical Center of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation of Federal Medical Biological Agency", Moscow, Russia
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420
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Shobha V, Kumar R, Manuel S, Elizabeth D. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A telephonic survey in patients with systemic lupus erythematosusxs. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_22_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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421
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Al‐Amer R, Maneze D, Everett B, Montayre J, Villarosa AR, Dwekat E, Salamonson Y. COVID-19 vaccination intention in the first year of the pandemic: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs 2022; 31:62-86. [PMID: 34227179 PMCID: PMC8447353 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To synthesise evidence regarding vaccination intention, identify factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy among healthcare professionals and the general populations globally. BACKGROUND As COVID-19 vaccine becomes available worldwide, attention is being directed to community vaccine uptake, to achieve population-wide immunity. A number of factors have been reported to influence vaccine intention. METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search of COVID-19 vaccination intention related literature published on or before 31 December 2020 from seven databases was undertaken. RESULTS Thirty articles were included in this systematic review. Overall COVID-19 vaccination intention during the first year of the pandemic ranged from 27.7% to 93.3%. Findings highlighted that socio-demographic differences, perceptions of risk and susceptibility to COVID-19 and vaccine attributes influenced vaccination intention. Healthcare professionals particularly, nurses have higher vaccine hesitancy reportedly due to concerns regarding vaccine safety and efficacy and mistrust of health authorities. Negative information about COVID-19 vaccines in the social media and low confidence in the health system were associated with lower acceptability among the community. Interestingly, cumulative increase in COVID-19 caseloads of countries over time was not associated with vaccination intention. CONCLUSIONS The significant variability in vaccine intention rates worldwide would hamper efforts to achieve immunity against COVID-19. Nurses' concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy need to be addressed to increase vaccine acceptance and maximise their influence on vaccination decision in the community. As misinformation through social media negatively impacts vaccination uptake, authoritative and reliable information on vaccine attributes, disease risks and vaccination benefits are needed. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy including misinformation are important contributors to vaccine hesitancy. Addressing these factors, particularly among nurses who are considered trusted influencers of vaccination decisions in the community is an important strategy for pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmieh Al‐Amer
- Nursing SchoolIsra University of JordanAmmanJordan
- Western Sydney UniversitySchool of Nursing and MidwiferyPenrithNSWAustralia
| | - Della Maneze
- Western Sydney UniversitySchool of Nursing and MidwiferyPenrithNSWAustralia
- South Western Sydney Local Health DistrictMulticultural Health ServiceCampbelltownNSWAustralia
- Centre for Oral Health Outcomes and Research Translation (COHORT)Ingham Institute for Applied Medical ResearchLiverpoolNSWAustralia
| | - Bronwyn Everett
- Western Sydney UniversitySchool of Nursing and MidwiferyPenrithNSWAustralia
- Centre for Oral Health Outcomes and Research Translation (COHORT)Ingham Institute for Applied Medical ResearchLiverpoolNSWAustralia
| | - Jed Montayre
- Western Sydney UniversitySchool of Nursing and MidwiferyPenrithNSWAustralia
- Centre for Oral Health Outcomes and Research Translation (COHORT)Ingham Institute for Applied Medical ResearchLiverpoolNSWAustralia
| | - Amy R. Villarosa
- Western Sydney UniversitySchool of Nursing and MidwiferyPenrithNSWAustralia
- Centre for Oral Health Outcomes and Research Translation (COHORT)Ingham Institute for Applied Medical ResearchLiverpoolNSWAustralia
| | | | - Yenna Salamonson
- Western Sydney UniversitySchool of Nursing and MidwiferyPenrithNSWAustralia
- Centre for Oral Health Outcomes and Research Translation (COHORT)Ingham Institute for Applied Medical ResearchLiverpoolNSWAustralia
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422
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Makki S, Siddiqua A, Wahab S, Siddiqui S, Faheemuddin M, Abobaker I, Abdelmoniem A, Khaled A. Beliefs and Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Three Countries with Different Human Development Index (HDI) Scores: A Comparative Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:3257-3265. [PMID: 36536671 PMCID: PMC9759003 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s393956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As vaccination is a cornerstone strategy to prevent the spread of COVID-19, this study assessed and compared beliefs about and barriers to COVID-19 vaccination among the population of three countries with different Human Development Index (HDI) scores: Saudi Arabia (very high), India (medium), and Sudan (low). METHODS A web-based, self-administered structured questionnaire was employed to collect data from the three countries. The questionnaire contained three sections that measured sociodemographic characteristics, participants' beliefs about and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines, barriers to receiving COVID-19 vaccines, and scenarios in which there is a possibility to take a COVID-19 vaccine. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine whether there was an association between the country of the participant and their beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines. RESULTS 972 responses were collected. The study participants from India were more likely to believe in the safety and efficacy of vaccines than those from Saudi Arabia or Sudan. Consequently, they reported more willingness to get vaccinated to avoid complications from COVID-19. Regarding barriers to COVID-19 vaccination, concerns about adverse effects and ineffectiveness of vaccines were more common among Saudi participants, while concerns about conspiracy were more common among Sudanese participants. CONCLUSION COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was higher in countries with a very high to medium Human Development Index, indicating greater belief in the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha Makki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayesha Siddiqua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Ayesha Siddiqua, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Email
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sazada Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Faheemuddin
- Department of Pharmacology, Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Narsapur, Telangana, India
| | - Israa Abobaker
- Department of Statistics, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Alaa Abdelmoniem
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Arwa Khaled
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Hospital, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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423
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Gondo GC, Noe MH, Bell SJ, Ritchlin CT. Likelihood of COVID-19 Vaccination Among Individuals Living With Psoriatic Disease: Results From a Large Real-World Survey. JOURNAL OF PSORIASIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS 2022; 7:17-23. [PMID: 39296733 PMCID: PMC11361509 DOI: 10.1177/24755303211067822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Development and dissemination of novel COVID-19 vaccines represent an opportunity to end the COVID-19 pandemic by vaccinating an estimated 80% of the population. Objectives: This study examines perceptions, and demographic and clinical factors influencing the likelihood of adults with psoriasis receiving a novel COVID-19 vaccine. Methods: A cross sectional study conducted from October-November 2020 of 1405 adults with psoriatic disease with prior contact to a patient advocacy organization. The main outcome of interest was the likelihood of receiving a COVID-19 vaccine. Chi-square tests and logistic regression examined the relationship between individual characteristics and likelihood of receiving a COVID-19 vaccine. Results: Most participants (65%) received a flu vaccination in the last 12 months and were (64.2%) likely to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, while 35.9% reported being unlikely receive a vaccine. Likelihood of COVID-19 vaccination was associated with receiving the flu vaccine, race, ethnicity, sex, BMI, age, income, severity of PsO and PsA. When controlling for ethnicity, race, male sex, overweight/obese status, age, biologic use, disease type, comorbidities linked with worse COVID-19 outcomes, PsA symptoms, and skin disease severity, individuals who received the flu vaccine and those with annual household income over $75,000 were most likely to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusions: Vaccine hesitancy among individuals with psoriatic disease is considerable. Dermatologists and rheumatologists can increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake by actively engaging their patients on this topic using guidance published by the National Psoriasis Foundation on the management of psoriatic disease during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan H Noe
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Christopher T Ritchlin
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, & Rheumatology Division, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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424
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Filfilan NNA, Alhibshi AH, Khan MA, Alsukhayri DA, Alzhrani AJ. Measuring the Factors Influencing the Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccines in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/npwbdt5enr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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425
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Hiraoka K, Nagata T, Mori T, Ando H, Hino A, Tateishi S, Tsuji M, Matsuda S, Fujino Y. Association between willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and sources of health information among Japanese workers: a cohort study. Environ Health Prev Med 2022; 27:2. [PMID: 35289321 PMCID: PMC9093620 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.21-00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to achieve herd immunity by vaccinating as many people as possible to end the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated the relationship between willingness to receive vaccination and sources of health information among those who did not want to be vaccinated against COVID-19. METHODS This prospective cohort study collected data using a self-administered questionnaire survey. The baseline survey was conducted during December 22-25, 2020, and the follow-up survey during February 18-19, 2021. Participants were aged 20-65 years and worked at the time of the baseline survey (N = 33,087). After excluding 6,051 invalid responses, we included responses from 27,036 participants at baseline. In total, 19,941 people responded to the follow-up survey (74% follow-up rate). We excluded 7,415 participants who answered "yes" to the question "If a COVID-19 vaccine becomes available, would you like to get it?" in the baseline survey. We finally analyzed 12,526 participants. RESULTS The odds ratio for change in willingness to be vaccinated from "no" to "yes" differed by source of health information. Compared with workers that used TV as a source of information, significantly fewer people who reported getting information from the Internet and friends/colleagues were willing to get the vaccine. CONCLUSIONS It is important to approach workers who do not watch TV when implementing workplace vaccination programs. It is likely that willingness to be vaccinated can be increased through an active company policy whereby the top management recommend vaccination, coupled with an individual approach by occupational health professionals. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Hiraoka
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nagata
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Takahiro Mori
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Hajime Ando
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Ayako Hino
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Tateishi
- Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Shinya Matsuda
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujino
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
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426
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Mubarak AS, Baabbad AS, Almalki NA, Alrbaiai GT, Alsufyani GA, Kabrah DK. Beliefs, barriers, and acceptance associated with COVID-19 vaccination among Taif University students in Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:224-232. [PMID: 35309633 PMCID: PMC8930104 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1255_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 was declared a public health emergency of global concern by the World Health Organization (WHO) on January 30, 2020. Vaccination is one of the most effective methods for halting the pandemic and preventing complications. Vaccine hesitancy is a possible threat to global public health. Understanding the key determinants that influence the community's preferences and demands for a future vaccine may aid in the development of strategies to improve the global vaccination program. The aim of this study was to assess the beliefs, barriers, and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among Taif University students in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Method This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, based study in Taif University, Saudi Arabia. Data was collected using a designed self-administered questionnaire that was shared as a link through social media. 332 students were considered eligible to participate voluntarily. Data were analyzed using the (SPSS) program version 25. Results Out of 332 participants, 278 (83.7%) were accepting to take the covid vaccine, while 54 (16.3%) refused. Believes in vaccine safety and effectiveness and trust in the ability of the vaccine to prevent the complication, were all associated with high acceptance rate. Fear about side effects is considered a major factor for vaccination refusal. Conclusion Most of the participants have the willingness to be vaccinated. The majority of students who agreed to take the vaccine were in the medical field, and that is mostly due to their high knowledge exposure. This indicates the importance of raising the awareness of the non-medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S. Mubarak
- Consultant, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameera S. Baabbad
- Medical intern, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada A. Almalki
- Medical intern, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaida T. Alrbaiai
- Medical intern, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadi A. Alsufyani
- Medical intern, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danah K. Kabrah
- Medical intern, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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427
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Tam CC, Qiao S, Li X. Factors associated with decision making on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among college students in South Carolina. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2022; 27:150-161. [PMID: 34555955 PMCID: PMC8741633 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1983185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination could be a promising approach in controlling the pandemic, but its success relies on the vaccine acceptance among various populations including young adults who are vulnerable to COVID-19 due to active lifestyle and perceived invulnerability. Vaccine acceptance decisions can be influenced by multiple factors and people may weigh these factors differently in decision making. The current study aimed to explore COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among college students in South Carolina and examine how they weigh these factors according to their COVID-19 vaccine acceptance levels (i.e. acceptance, hesitance, refusal). Online survey data were collected from 1062 college students in South Carolina between September and October 2020. Multinomial logistic regresssion was used to compare perceived importance of 12 factors affecting levels of vaccine acceptance, controlling for demographic variables. About 26.1% of participants reported they would definitely take COVID-19 vaccines when available. Compared to acceptance group, refusal and hesitance groups considered side effects and vaccine characteristics (e.g. where the vaccine is produced) as important. Hesitance group considered authoritative advice from school/college as important. Acceptance group considered authoritative advice from government/doctors and local availability of the vaccines and local availability of the vaccines as important. Our findings suggest relatively low vaccine acceptance among college students in South Carolina and different factors were considered in their vaccination decision according to their acceptance levels. Tailored vaccine promotion messages should address specific concerns among the refusal and hesitancy groups. Schools should attend to valid communication strategies in vaccine campaign since the hesitancy group considered school's advice as important. College health educators also need to pay attention to the refusal group who do not value duration of protection or authoritative advice as much as their counterparts in vaccine decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk Chi Tam
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Discovery I, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Shan Qiao
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Discovery I, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Xiaoming Li
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Discovery I, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
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428
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Ergün A, Bekar A, Aras B, Dere C, Tekneci D, Sarıçiçek G, Naz Akdere S, Telli S, Pehlivanlı ŞB, Özyurek Ucael D, Özden ME, Altıntaş E, Aslan D. Determination of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Vaccine Hesitancy Using a Systematic Review Approach Based on the Scientific Articles in PubMed Database. Turk Thorac J 2022; 23:70-84. [PMID: 35110204 PMCID: PMC9450048 DOI: 10.5152/turkthoracj.2022.21082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Publications on vaccine hesitancy and the novel coronavirus disease 2019 in the scientific literature are increasing every day. An examination of their content will help to eliminate the existing negativity related to vaccine hesitancy through scientific methods. Hence, a systematic approach to the prevention of vaccine hesitancy worldwide can be developed. This article aims to survey how vaccine hesitancy is addressed in the PubMed articles about "vaccine hesitancy" over the novel coronavirus disease, for which the MeSH criteria have been published; to understand their recommendations for the prevention of vaccine hesitancy; to evaluate any related research described as "cross-sectional," "case-control," and "cohort" according to Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology criteria; and to contribute to the current literature on the subject. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study is planned to use a systematic review format and STROBE checklist was used to evaluate the articles accessed from PubMed database. Microsoft Excel was used as the data calculation tool. RESULTS Sixty-five (81.3%) of the 80 articles investigated in the scope of this study mention "vaccine." While 64 articles (80%) discuss the determination of vaccine hesitancy, 57 (71.3%) articles address its prevention. The keyword "COVID-19" is used in 61 articles (79.2%). The second most frequently used keyword is "vaccine hesitancy" (n = 37, 48.1%), followed by "vaccine" (n = 25, 32.5%). Twenty-nine (48%) of the reviewed articles originate from the WHO American Continents. The second most represented region of research is the European Region (n = 21, 35%), followed by the South East Asian Region (n = 5, 8%). CONCLUSION This study illustrates the recent situation for the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine and reveals the presence of a vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy is a risk factor that could prevent herd immunity. The systematic review of scientific articles should continue with improvements in order to tackle the problem as exemplified by the present study. Other checklists as well as STROBE checklist are recommended to be used in similar studies to have more objective conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alperen Ergün
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Bekar
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bedran Aras
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Dere
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Semi Telli
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Deren Özyurek Ucael
- Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Enes Özden
- Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ercüment Altıntaş
- Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Aslan
- Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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429
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Katz M, Azrad M, Glikman D, Peretz A. COVID-19 Vaccination Compliance and Associated Factors among Medical Students during an Early Phase of Vaccination Rollout-A Survey from Israel. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 10:27. [PMID: 35062688 PMCID: PMC8779158 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is "a once-in-a-century" pandemic, bringing with it unparalleled health, social, and economic ramifications. As part of the world's efforts to restrain the pandemic, vaccine development has been expedited. This population-representative survey in Israel aimed to investigate whether the knowledge, attitudes, and vaccination status of medical students affect their intention to recommend COVID-19 vaccination (as well as reasons for refusal and acceptance of the vaccine). The questionnaire was anonymous, via Google Forms app in December 2021. One-hundred and four medical students completed the survey. Overwhelmingly, (91.3%) COVID-19 vaccination status and intention to receive the vaccine were positively associated with intention to recommend. Twenty-five percent of the students replied that they lacked knowledge regarding the vaccine. A statistically significant association was found between experiencing quarantine and the intention to be vaccinated (p = 0.034). There was a significant positive relationship between the number of symptoms from previous vaccines and the fear of COVID-19 (rs = 0.272, p < 0.01). Prior vaccination did not have an effect on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. This first study evaluating COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Israeli medical students highlighted the need for medical programs to emphasize the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination in the protection of healthcare workers and patient safety. Education, awareness campaigns, and regulation of vaccine trials could further decrease COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccine rates among medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Katz
- The Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Poriya, Tiberias 1528001, Israel; (M.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Maya Azrad
- The Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Poriya, Tiberias 1528001, Israel; (M.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Daniel Glikman
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel;
- The Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Infectious Diseases Unit, Poriya, Tiberias 1528001, Israel
| | - Avi Peretz
- The Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Poriya, Tiberias 1528001, Israel; (M.K.); (M.A.)
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel;
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430
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Benham JL, Atabati O, Oxoby RJ, Mourali M, Shaffer B, Sheikh H, Boucher JC, Constantinescu C, Parsons Leigh J, Ivers NM, Ratzan SC, Fullerton MM, Tang T, Manns BJ, Marshall DA, Hu J, Lang R. COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Attitudes and Beliefs in Canada: National Cross-sectional Survey and Cluster Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e30424. [PMID: 34779784 PMCID: PMC8709417 DOI: 10.2196/30424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are concerns that vaccine hesitancy may impede COVID-19 vaccine rollout and prevent the achievement of herd immunity. Vaccine hesitancy is a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite their availability. Objective We aimed to identify which people are more and less likely to take a COVID-19 vaccine and factors associated with vaccine hesitancy to inform public health messaging. Methods A Canadian cross-sectional survey was conducted in Canada in October and November 2020, prior to the regulatory approval of the COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccine hesitancy was measured by respondents answering the question “what would you do if a COVID-19 vaccine were available to you?” Negative binomial regression was used to identify the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. Cluster analysis was performed to identify distinct clusters based on intention to take a COVID-19 vaccine, beliefs about COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines, and adherence to nonpharmaceutical interventions. Results Of 4498 participants, 2876 (63.9%) reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy was significantly associated with (1) younger age (18-39 years), (2) lower education, and (3) non-Liberal political leaning. Participants that reported vaccine hesitancy were less likely to believe that a COVID-19 vaccine would end the pandemic or that the benefits of a COVID-19 vaccine outweighed the risks. Individuals with vaccine hesitancy had higher prevalence of being concerned about vaccine side effects, lower prevalence of being influenced by peers or health care professionals, and lower prevalence of trust in government institutions. Conclusions These findings can be used to inform targeted public health messaging to combat vaccine hesitancy as COVID-19 vaccine administration continues. Messaging related to preventing COVID among friends and family, highlighting the benefits, emphasizing safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination, and ensuring that health care workers are knowledgeable and supported in their vaccination counselling may be effective for vaccine-hesitant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Benham
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Omid Atabati
- Department of Economics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Robert J Oxoby
- Department of Economics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mehdi Mourali
- Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Blake Shaffer
- Department of Economics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Sheikh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Boucher
- School of Public Policy and Department of Political Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cora Constantinescu
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Noah M Ivers
- Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott C Ratzan
- School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Madison M Fullerton
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Theresa Tang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Braden J Manns
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Deborah A Marshall
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Raynell Lang
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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431
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Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccines among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Japan. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 10:healthcare10010006. [PMID: 35052170 PMCID: PMC8774988 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is recommended for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines has not been sufficiently evaluated in patients with IBD. We aimed to assess the acceptance and hesitancy of COVID-19 vaccination and related factors among these patients. A retrospective cohort study using a self-reported questionnaire was performed among patients with IBD between 22 June 2021 and 30 August 2021. Of the 187 participants, 10.2% (n = 19) were hesitant to be vaccinated. Patients in the vaccine-hesitant group were younger (p = 0.009) and had a shorter disease duration (p = 0.020). Vedolizumab was prescribed more frequently (p = 0.024) and immunomodulators were less frequently used (p = 0.027) in this group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified age (odds ratio [OR]: 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92-1.00, p = 0.042) and the use of immunomodulators (OR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01-0.66, p = 0.019) as independent significant factors for vaccine hesitancy. The COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy rate in patients with IBD in Japan was 10% in this study. The Japanese COVID-19 vaccination campaign appears to be successful. The risk of COVID-19 among patients with IBD requires adequate measures to ensure that vaccines are accepted by vaccine-hesitant patients. These findings may be helpful in achieving adequate vaccination rates.
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432
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Fontenot HB, Mattheus DB, Lim E, Michel A, Ryan N, Knopf A, Abuelezam NN, Stamp K, Hekel B, Branson S, Zimet G. Undergraduate nursing students' COVID-19 vaccine intentions: A national survey. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261669. [PMID: 34936687 PMCID: PMC8694464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In December 2020, the first two COVID-19 vaccines were approved in the United States (U.S.) and recommended for distribution to front-line personnel, including nurses. Nursing students are being prepared to fill critical gaps in the health care workforce and have played important supportive roles during the current pandemic. Research has focused on vaccine intentions of current health care providers and less is known about students' intentions to vaccinate for COVID-19. METHODS A national sample of undergraduate nursing students were recruited across five nursing schools in five U.S. regions in December 2020. The survey measured perceived risk/threat of COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccine attitudes, perceived safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, sources for vaccine information and level of intention to become vaccinated [primary, secondary (i.e., delayed), or no intention to vaccinate]. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 772 students. The majority (83.6%) had intentions to be vaccinated, however of those 31.1% indicated secondary intention, a delay in intention or increased hesitancy). The strongest predictors of primary intention were positive attitudes (OR = 6.86; CI = 4.39-10.72), having lower safety concerns (OR = 0.26; CI = 0.18-0.36), and consulting social media as a source of information (OR = 1.56; CI = 1.23-1.97). Asian (OR = 0.47; CI = 0.23-0.97) and Black (OR 0.26; CI = 0.08-0.80) students were more likely to indicate secondary intention as compared to primary intention. Students in the Midwest were most likely to indicate no intention as compared to secondary intention (OR = 4.6; CI = 1.32-16.11). CONCLUSIONS As the first two COVID-19 vaccines were approved/recommended in the U.S. nursing students had overall high intentions to vaccinate. Findings can guide development of educational interventions that reduce concerns of vaccine safety that are delivered in a way that is supportive and affirming to minoritized populations while being respectful of geo-political differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly B. Fontenot
- School of Nursing & Dental Hygiene, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Deborah B. Mattheus
- School of Nursing & Dental Hygiene, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Eunjung Lim
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Michel
- School of Nursing & Dental Hygiene, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Nicole Ryan
- School of Nursing & Dental Hygiene, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Amelia Knopf
- Department of Community and Health Services, School of Nursing, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Nadia N. Abuelezam
- Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kelly Stamp
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Barbara Hekel
- Cizik School of Nursing, UTHealth, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sandra Branson
- Cizik School of Nursing, UTHealth, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gregory Zimet
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
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433
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King WC, Rubinstein M, Reinhart A, Mejia R. Time trends, factors associated with, and reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A massive online survey of US adults from January-May 2021. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260731. [PMID: 34932583 PMCID: PMC8691631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy has become a leading barrier to increasing the US vaccination rate. OBJECTIVE To evaluate time trends in COVID-19 vaccine intent during the US vaccine rollout, and identify key factors related to and self-reported reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in May 2021. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A COVID-19 survey was offered to US adult Facebook users in several languages yielding 5,088,772 qualifying responses from January 6 to May 31, 2021. Data was aggregated by month. Survey weights matched the sample to the age, gender, and state profile of the US population. EXPOSURE Demographics, geographic factors, political/COVID-19 environment, health status, beliefs, and behaviors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES "If a vaccine to prevent COVID-19 were offered to you today, would you choose to get vaccinated." Hesitant was defined as responding probably or definitely would not choose to get vaccinated (versus probably or definitely would, or already vaccinated). RESULTS COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy decreased by one-third from 25.4% (95%CI, 25.3, 25.5) in January to 16.6% (95% CI, 16.4, 16.7) in May, with relatively large decreases among participants with Black, Pacific Islander or Hispanic race/ethnicity and ≤high school education. Independent risk factors for vaccine hesitancy in May (N = 525,644) included younger age, non-Asian race, < 4 year college degree, living in a more rural county, living in a county with higher Trump vote share in the 2020 election, lack of worry about COVID-19, working outside the home, never intentionally avoiding contact with others, and no past-year flu vaccine. Differences in hesitancy by race/ethnicity varied by age (e.g., Black adults more hesitant than White adults <35 years old, but less hesitant among adults ≥45 years old). Differences in hesitancy by age varied by race/ethnicity. Almost half of vaccine hesitant respondents reported fear of side effects (49.2% [95%CI, 48.7, 49.7]) and not trusting the COVID-19 vaccine (48.4% [95%CI, 48.0, 48.9]); over one-third reported not trusting the government, not needing the vaccine, and waiting to see if safe. Reasons differed by degree of vaccine intent and by race/ethnicity. CONCLUSION COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy varied by demographics, geography, beliefs, and behaviors, indicating a need for a range of messaging and policy options to target high-hesitancy groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy C. King
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Max Rubinstein
- Department of Statistics & Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Heinz College, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Alex Reinhart
- Department of Statistics & Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Robin Mejia
- Department of Statistics & Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
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434
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Krebs NM, D’Souza G, Bordner C, Allen SI, Hobkirk AL, Foulds J, Yingst JM. COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Hesitancy Among Current Tobacco Users. Tob Use Insights 2021; 14:1179173X211068027. [PMID: 34987300 PMCID: PMC8721404 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x211068027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel mRNA vaccines have been developed and were first distributed to high-risk individuals (including smokers) in the United States starting in December 2020 to combat the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Over one-half of the U.S. adult population has received at least 1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, but many others have reported hesitation about becoming vaccinated. We examined COVID-19 vaccine uptake and hesitancy from a convenience sample of Pennsylvanian adult smokers in April 2021, approximately 3 months after tobacco users were eligible to receive vaccination in the state. Participants (n = 231) were 23.4% male, 90.5% white, and had a mean age of 48.1 (SD = 11.9) years. All participants were current tobacco users, with the majority reporting current cigarette smoking (90.9%) with an average of 16 (SD = 8.1) cigarettes smoked per day. Nearly 60% (n = 137) reported receiving at least 1 dose of the vaccine and of those who did not (n = 94), 84% (n = 79) said they were somewhat or very unlikely to get a vaccine. Those who were unvaccinated were more likely to not consume news about COVID-19 (chi-square P-value < .01) and less likely to believe government news sources as reliable information for COVID-19 (chi-square P-value < .01). Qualitative responses among those who were vaccine hesitant expressed concerns about the lack of research on the vaccine, distrust of the safety of the vaccine, and fears about side effects. Understanding vaccine hesitancy among tobacco users can help develop targeted communication strategies and directly address concerns to promote vaccination among this population who may be at an increased risk of severe complications from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle M Krebs
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Gail D’Souza
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Candace Bordner
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sophia I Allen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Andrea L Hobkirk
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan Foulds
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jessica M Yingst
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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435
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Alfaleh A, Alkattan A, Radwan N, Mahmoud N, Alageel A, Alanezi W, Alabdulkareem K. Knowledge, beliefs, and acceptability of people toward new COVID-19 vaccines: a pilot study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:5142-5144. [PMID: 34920696 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2013084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-section pilot study was done to determine the knowledge and belief toward new COVID-19 vaccines among a small sample size group of people. A new Vaccine Acceptability Questionnaire (VAQ) consists of 31 questions that were concerned about three elements: underlying factors, knowledge, and beliefs. The study included 96 people from the different regions of Saudi Arabia who had accepted to participate in this pilot study. Around 31% of the included people had low to very low acceptability toward COVID-19 vaccines; however, the other 69% had moderate to high acceptability. The new simple designed questionnaire (VAQ) could be effective in assessing knowledge, beliefs, and acceptability toward COVID-19 vaccination among a specific group of population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Alfaleh
- Research Department, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,General Director Office, General Directorate of Medical Consultations, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alkattan
- Research Department, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa Radwan
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.,Department of Research, Assisting Deputyship for Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagla Mahmoud
- Department of Research, Assisting Deputyship for Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Alageel
- Department of Development and Innovation, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wedad Alanezi
- Department of Development and Innovation, General Directorate of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Alabdulkareem
- Department of Research, Assisting Deputyship for Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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436
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Alhassan RK, Aberese-Ako M, Doegah PT, Immurana M, Dalaba MA, Manyeh AK, Klu D, Acquah E, Ansah EK, Gyapong M. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the adult population in Ghana: evidence from a pre-vaccination rollout survey. Trop Med Health 2021; 49:96. [PMID: 34915939 PMCID: PMC8674411 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-021-00357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has already claimed over four million lives globally and over 800 deaths in Ghana. The COVID-19 vaccine is a key intervention towards containing the pandemic. Over three billion doses of the vaccine have already been administered globally and over 800,000 doses administered in Ghana, representing less than 5% vaccination coverage. Fear, uncertainty, conspiracy theories and safety concerns remain important threats to, a successful rollout of the vaccine if not managed well. Objective Ascertain the predictors of citizens’ probability of participating in a COVID-19 vaccine trial and subsequently accept the vaccine when given the opportunity. Methodology The study was an online nation-wide survey among community members (n = 1556) from 18th September to 23rd October, 2020 in the 16 regions in Ghana. Binary probit regression analysis with marginal effect estimations was employed to ascertain the predictors of community members’ willingness to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial and uptake the vaccine. Results Approximately 60% of respondents said they will not participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial; 65% will take the vaccine, while 69% will recommend it to others. Willingness to voluntarily participate in COVID-19 vaccine trial, uptake the vaccine and advise others to do same was higher among adults aged 18–48 years, the unmarried and males (p < 0.05). Significant predictors of unwillingness to participate in the COVID-19 vaccine trial and uptake of the vaccine are: married persons, females, Muslims, older persons, residents of less urbanised regions and persons with lower or no formal education (p < 0.05). Predominant reasons cited for unwillingness to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial and take the vaccine included fear, safety concerns, lack of trust in state institutions, uncertainty, political connotations, spiritual and religious beliefs. Conclusion The probability of accepting COVID-19 vaccine among the adult population in Ghana is high but the country should not get complacent because fear, safety and mistrust are important concerns that have the potential to entrench vaccine hesitancy. COVID-19 vaccine rollout campaigns should be targeted and cognisant of the key predictors of citizens’ perceptions of the vaccine. These lessons when considered will promote Ghana’s efforts towards vaccinating at least 20 million people to attain herd immunity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41182-021-00357-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kaba Alhassan
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana. .,Centre for Health Policy and Implementation Research, Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana.
| | - Matilda Aberese-Ako
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | | | - Mustapha Immurana
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | | | - Alfred Kwesi Manyeh
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Desmond Klu
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Evelyn Acquah
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Evelyn Korkor Ansah
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Margaret Gyapong
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
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437
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Gurley S, Bennett B, Sullivan PS, Kiley M, Linde J, Szczerbacki D, Guest J. COVID-19 Vaccine Perceptions, Intentions, and Uptake Among Young Adults in the United States: Prospective College-Based Cohort Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e33739. [PMID: 34847054 PMCID: PMC8675562 DOI: 10.2196/33739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine among US young adults, particularly those that belong to racial and ethnic minorities, remains low compared to their older peers. Understanding vaccine perceptions and their influence on vaccination uptake among this population remains crucial to achieving population herd immunity. Objective We sought to study perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines as well as intended and actual vaccine uptake among one population of college students, faculty, and staff. Methods As part of a larger study aimed at investigating the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission, serology, and perception on a college campus, participants were asked about their views on the COVID-19 vaccine in February 2021. Vaccination status was assessed by self-report in April 2021. Logistic regression was used to calculate prevalence ratios with marginal standardization. Results We found that non-White participants were 25% less likely to report COVID-19 vaccination compared to White participants. Among those who were unvaccinated, Black and other non-White participants were significantly more likely to indicate they were unwilling to receive a COVID-19 vaccine compared to White participants. The most common reason for unwillingness to receive the vaccine was belief that the vaccine approval process was rushed. Conclusions There are racial differences in perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine among young adults, and these differences might differentially impact vaccine uptake among young racial and ethnic minorities. Efforts to increase vaccine uptake among college populations might require campaigns specifically tailored to these minority groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Gurley
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Brady Bennett
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Jodie Guest
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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438
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Yu Y, Jia W, Lau MMC, Lau JTF. Levels and factors derived from the Health Action Process Approach of behavioral intentions to take up COVID-19 vaccination: A random population-based study. Vaccine 2021; 40:612-620. [PMID: 34933764 PMCID: PMC8673820 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives COVID-19 vaccination needs a high population coverage to achieve herd immunity. We investigated prevalence of three scenarios of intention of free COVID-19 vaccination involving: 1) 80% effectiveness and rare and mild side effects (Scenario 1), 2) 50% effectiveness and rare and mild side effect RMSE (Scenario 2), and 3) immediate vaccination (Scenario 3), and their associated factors derived from the pre-intentional motivational phase of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). Methods A random population-based telephone survey interviewed 450 Chinese adults in the general population (September 16–30, 2020). The four HAPA constructs included a) risk perception scale, b) overall scale/four subscales of positive outcome expectancy of COVID-19 vaccination, c) overall scale/three subscales of negative outcome expectancy of COVID-19 vaccination, and d) the overall scale/two subscales of self-efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination. Results The prevalence of intention of COVID-19 vaccination under Scenarios 1 to 3 was 38.0%, 11.1%, and 13.1%, respectively. Logistic regression analyses adjusted for background factors showed that 1) the associations between risk perception and the three scenarios of intention were non-significant; 2) the overall scale/four subscales of positive outcome expectancy were in general positively associated with two scenarios of intention (80% effectiveness and immediate vaccination); 3) the overall scale/three subscales of negative outcome expectancy were in general negatively associated with all three scenarios of intention; 4) the overall scale/two subscales of self-efficacy were only positively associated with the intention that involved 80% effectiveness. When all the four overall scales were entered into an adjusted model, positive and negative outcome expectancy, but not risk perception and self-efficacy, were independently associated with the three scenarios. Conclusions In this study population, the prevalence of intention of COVID-19 vaccination was very low and might not result in population protection. Health promotion should modify outcome expectancies to increase intention of COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yu
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wanru Jia
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mason M C Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph T F Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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439
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Al-Ayyadhi N, Ramadan MM, Al-Tayar E, Al-Mathkouri R, Al-Awadhi S. Determinants of Hesitancy Towards COVID-19 Vaccines in State of Kuwait: An Exploratory Internet-Based Survey. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:4967-4981. [PMID: 34934372 PMCID: PMC8684437 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s338520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has wrought havoc upon healthcare and economic systems worldwide. COVID-19 vaccines considered a beacon of hope for normal life to return. We wished to understand the willingness of people in Kuwait to be vaccinated against COVID-19. METHODS An online, exploratory, cross-sectional study was conducted on 16-18 January 2021 using a validated structured questionnaire to collect data from adults aged 18 years or older living in Kuwait by applying a "snowball sampling" method. RESULTS A total of 7274 people received an online link of the survey on their smartphone or computer, and 6943 people enrolled in this study (95.4%). Kuwaiti nationals represented 79.7% of the study cohort, 54.8% were aged ≥40 years, and 66.7% were females. Hesitancy against a COVID-19 vaccine was remarkably high (74.3%), with 50.8% not planning to take it and 23.5% not sure about taking it. The overall mean perception score was 3.4 ± 2.8, with 66.8% having a negative attitude towards a COVID-19 vaccine. Multiple logistic regression analysis of the factors affecting the decision to take a COVID-19 vaccine was done. The decision to take a COVID-19 vaccine was significantly positively associated with younger age (OR = 1.219), being male (2.169), having a higher education level (1.362), vaccinated against seasonal influenza previously (2.706), being a non-Kuwaiti (1.329), being a healthcare worker (1.366), and working in the private sector (1.228). Options to encourage future COVID-19 vaccination were more studies showing the vaccine to be safe and efficacious (68.6%), physician recommendation (41.8%), mandatory travel requirements (39.8%), if a family or friend vaccinated (34.9%) and compulsory by government (33.1%) or for employment (29.8%). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that considerable vaccine hesitancy persists despite the widespread availability of highly efficacious and safe COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Al-Ayyadhi
- Public Health Specialist, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, State of Kuwait
| | - Marwa Mohsen Ramadan
- Lecturer of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Tayar
- Public Health Physician, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, State of Kuwait
| | - Radhia Al-Mathkouri
- Public Health Physician, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, State of Kuwait
| | - Shaimaa Al-Awadhi
- Public Health Physician, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, State of Kuwait
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440
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Chen X, Wang H. On the rise of the new B.1.1.529 variant: Five dimensions of access to a COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccine 2021; 40:403-405. [PMID: 34922789 PMCID: PMC8668343 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mass COVID-19 vaccination, as the last resort to bring society to a new normal, has been rapidly rolled out in the US. However, because of the lifting of international travel restrictions, amid the many uncertainties induced by the emerging B.1.1.529 variant, it remains unclear about the timeline of reaching herd immunity and when our daily life will return to normalcy. Since access to a vaccine is an important predicate to the achievement of herd immunity, we articulate the vaccine access issue as the degree of fit between patients and the healthcare system in five dimensions: availability, accessibility, accommodation, affordability, and acceptability. These five dimensions can be adopted in existing health practice and policy to elucidate effective strategies for raising COVID-19 vaccination rates and improving vaccine equity in the fight against the new variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute for Modeling Collaboration and Innovation, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.
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441
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Coughenour C, Gakh M, Sharma M, Labus B, Chien LC. Assessing Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Nevada. Health Secur 2021; 19:592-604. [PMID: 34882034 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2021.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In December 2020, we conducted a telephone survey to determine what factors are connected to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among adults in Nevada. The survey was based on factors identified in other studies, such as demographic variables (age, race, ethnicity, gender, household income, urbanicity, educational attainment), health status, previous COVID-19 infections, social media engagement, adherence to social distancing guidelines, beliefs about COVID-19, and political ideology identifications. Using a proportional odds model, we compared vaccine hesitancy levels to determine the odds of being more likely versus unlikely to get the COVID-19 vaccine. Of 1,000 people surveyed, 30.4% exhibited vaccine hesitancy. Findings showed that adults with significantly lower odds of vaccine hesitancy included those who were male, older, worried about COVID-19 infection or its community effects, adhered to social distancing, and reported higher incomes. Adults who identified as African American or Black or as multiple or "other" races exhibited significantly higher odds of vaccine hesitancy than White adults. Adults self-identifying as conservative had significantly higher odds of vaccine hesitancy than others. Vaccine hesitancy levels suggest possible hurdles to addressing the COVID-19 pandemic in a state with high visitor volumes and demographics that resemble the country's future as minority White, highlighting possible lessons for future pandemics. Most measures of COVID-19 worry were not significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy, suggesting that vaccination efforts should focus on other motivators. COVID-19 vaccination efforts should also directly encourage uptake by younger and middle-aged adults who are female, African American, have lower incomes, and identify as conservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Coughenour
- Courtney Coughenour, PhD, and Maxim Gakh, MPH, JD, are Associate Professors and Manoj Sharma, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Social and Behavioral Health; Brian Labus, PhD, and Lung-Chang Chien, DrPH, are Assistant Professors, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; all at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Maxim Gakh
- Courtney Coughenour, PhD, and Maxim Gakh, MPH, JD, are Associate Professors and Manoj Sharma, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Social and Behavioral Health; Brian Labus, PhD, and Lung-Chang Chien, DrPH, are Assistant Professors, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; all at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Manoj Sharma
- Courtney Coughenour, PhD, and Maxim Gakh, MPH, JD, are Associate Professors and Manoj Sharma, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Social and Behavioral Health; Brian Labus, PhD, and Lung-Chang Chien, DrPH, are Assistant Professors, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; all at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Brian Labus
- Courtney Coughenour, PhD, and Maxim Gakh, MPH, JD, are Associate Professors and Manoj Sharma, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Social and Behavioral Health; Brian Labus, PhD, and Lung-Chang Chien, DrPH, are Assistant Professors, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; all at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Lung-Chang Chien
- Courtney Coughenour, PhD, and Maxim Gakh, MPH, JD, are Associate Professors and Manoj Sharma, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Social and Behavioral Health; Brian Labus, PhD, and Lung-Chang Chien, DrPH, are Assistant Professors, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; all at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, Las Vegas, NV
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442
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Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Visible Minority Groups from a Global Context: A Scoping Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9121445. [PMID: 34960192 PMCID: PMC8708108 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9121445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is one of the top ten greatest threats to global health. During the COVID-19 era, vaccine hesitancy poses substantial risks, especially in visible minorities, who are disproportionately affected by the pandemic. Although evidence of vaccine hesitancy exists, there is minimal focus on visible minorities and the reasons for hesitancy in this group are unclear. Identifying these populations and their reasons for vaccine hesitancy is crucial in improving vaccine uptake and curbing the spread of COVID-19. This scoping review follows a modified version of the Arksey and O'Malley strategy. Using comprehensive search strategies, advanced searches were conducted on Medline, CINAHL, and PubMed databases to acquire relevant articles. Full-text reviews using inclusion and exclusion criteria were performed to extract themes of vaccine hesitancy. Themes were grouped into factors using thematic qualitative analysis and were objectively confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA). To complement both analyses, a word cloud of titles and abstracts for the final articles was generated. This study included 71 articles. Themes were grouped into 8 factors and the top 3 recurring factors were safety and effectiveness of the vaccine, mistrust, and socioeconomic characteristics. Shedding light on these factors could help mitigate health inequities and increase overall vaccine uptake worldwide through interventions and policies targeted at these factors. Ultimately, this would help achieve global herd immunity.
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443
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Perceptions towards COVID-19 Vaccines and Willingness to Vaccinate in Nepal. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9121448. [PMID: 34960194 PMCID: PMC8703692 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9121448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure of COVID-19 available at present, but its success depends on the global accessibility of vaccines and the willingness of people to be vaccinated. As the vaccination rollouts are increasing worldwide, it is important to assess public perception and willingness towards vaccination, so that the aim of mass vaccination will be successful. This study aimed to understand public perception towards COVID-19 vaccines and their willingness to get vaccinated in Nepal. This cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 1196 residents of Nepal in August 2021; most of the participants of this online survey were young adults (18–47 years) with university-level education. A total of 64.5% (771/1196) of the participants perceived COVID-19 vaccines to be safe and risk-free, while 68.6% (820/1196) agreed that vaccination would be efficient in the fight against this pandemic. Most of the participants (841/1196, 70.3%) disagreed that people are getting COVID-19 vaccines easily in Nepal, while they agree with the prioritization of older adults and healthcare workers for vaccination. A total of 61.1% (731/1196) of the participants had received at least one dose of the vaccine. Among the unvaccinated, 93.3% (434/465) were willing to get vaccinated when their turn came. The higher confidence of younger adults in vaccines and the vaccination process is encouraging, as that can help educate others who are hesitant or are not positive towards the idea of receiving vaccines. Dissemination of correct and current information, acquisition of enough doses of vaccines, and equitable distribution of vaccines will be required to achieve successful completion of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Nepal.
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444
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Wu H, Ward M, Brown A, Blackwell E, Umer A. COVID-19 Vaccine intent in appalachian patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 57:103450. [PMID: 34911005 PMCID: PMC8645289 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rural people with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) face distinctive challenges in the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine the COVID-19 vaccine intent and factors associated with vaccine hesitancy among Appalachian adults with MS. METHOD We conducted a cross sectional phone and in-person survey of PwMS in a large academic center in West Virginia (WV) from February to May 2021. The study sample consists of 306 adult participants. RESULTS Among the 306 participants, 104 (33.99%) indicated vaccine hesitancy. Statistically significant factors (p<0.05) associated with vaccine hesitancy compared to those who received or intend to get vaccinated included concerns about vaccine safety, vaccine causing MS relapse, vaccine making MS medication ineffective, vaccine causing other diseases, getting the COVID-19 infection, vaccine fast approval, vaccine ingredients, how well the vaccine works, and its side-effects. Additional factors included prior bad experiences with other vaccines, history of not getting the flu vaccine, and lack of consultation about COVID-19 vaccine with healthcare providers. CONCLUSIONS Vaccine hesitancy among Appalachian adult PwMS is higher compared to PwMS in the larger United States. Vaccine hesitancy is especially higher among those who are female, younger than 50 years old, and residing in rural areas. Concerns about vaccine safety, perception of infection risks, past vaccine behaviors and consultation with healthcare providers are important factors associated with vaccine intent. Factors influencing vaccine hesitancy in Appalachian PwMS are largely consistent with the general public, however, concerns for interaction between the vaccine and MS are specific to this population and thus could be the focus of further vaccine effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Wu
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA.
| | - Melanie Ward
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Ashlyn Brown
- School of Medicine Charleston Division, West Virginia University, Charleston, West Virginia 25304 USA
| | - Erica Blackwell
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Amna Umer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506 USA
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Bloom M, Verma S, Ram D, Roberton T, Pacheco C, Goldman RE, Lima K, Faith Vera Cruz M, Szkwarko D. COVID-19 Vaccine Concerns and Acceptability by Language in a Marginalized Population in Rhode Island. J Prim Care Community Health 2021; 12:21501327211058976. [PMID: 34854328 PMCID: PMC8646824 DOI: 10.1177/21501327211058976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We need to understand the continued concerns and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines within marginalized communities in the United States. Our study explores the concerns and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines, by language group, at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) in Rhode Island. METHODS We conducted an exploratory, mixed data collection telephone survey in languages spoken in the community (Spanish, Cape Verdean (CV) Creole/Portuguese, and English). Participants were asked about their COVID-19 vaccination status, as well as vaccine concerns and acceptability via 9 closed-ended and 2 open-ended questions. Chi squared and multivariate analysis was used to compare concerns and acceptability across languages. Coding and immersion/crystallization techniques were used to identify qualitative data themes. RESULTS The overall response rate was 58%. Side effects were cited as the most frequent (66%) concern among all language groups. Concern about the speed of vaccine development, vaccine ingredients, and being in a research trial varied significantly by language. Qualitative findings included concerns about chronic medical conditions and generalized fear of vaccine safety. English speakers were the most likely to report concerns and CV Creole/Portuguese speakers were the least likely to report concerns about the vaccine. Spanish and CV Creole/Portuguese participants who were not yet vaccinated reported higher acceptability to receive the vaccine compared to English speakers, with odds ratios of 2.00 (95% CI: 1.00-4.00) and 1.27 (95% CI: 0.62-2.60), respectively. CONCLUSION To mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and prepare for future pandemics, strategies must be based on understanding the beliefs and perceptions of marginalized communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Bloom
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Shelly Verma
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Deepika Ram
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Timothy Roberton
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore MD, USA
| | | | - Roberta E Goldman
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kevin Lima
- Blackstone Valley Community Health Care, Pawtucket, RI, USA
| | | | - Daria Szkwarko
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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446
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Jiang N, Gu P, Liu K, Song N, Jiang X. Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines among college students: a study of the attitudes, knowledge, and willingness of students to vaccinate. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:4914-4924. [PMID: 35061570 PMCID: PMC8903945 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2013077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Universities are considered high risk areas for COVID-19 outbreaks given the crowded environment of campuses with high mobility and limited space. As such, vaccination is considered an essential intervention that could greatly reduce the incidence and spread of this deadly infectious disease. However, the willingness of college students to receive the COVID-19 vaccine varies significantly. Therefore, a study on the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in college students that explores the attitudes, knowledge, willingness, and key factors influencing vaccination acceptance is of great significance to improve vaccine coverage and control the pandemic. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on students from three universities in China. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t tests/one-way ANOVA (normal distribution), Mann-Whitney U tests/Kruskal-Wallis H tests (skewness distribution) and multivariate linear regression were performed. As a result, a total of 3,256 students participated in the survey. Students' willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was high (86%), and they had good knowledge of the vaccine (77.9%). However, they had a low-risk perception of COVID-19 and less positive attitudes toward vaccination (69.8%). The main influencing factors were sex, age, specialty, grades, living environment, spending level, traveling to risk areas, and family members' vaccination experiences. We believed that to increase vaccination coverage among college students, more attention should be paid for students majoring in Science and Engineering, male students, those in the lower age group, students with low or very high economic levels, living in remote or rural areas, and family members having not received the COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
- School of Foreign Languages, Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Liu
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Mathematics, Taishan University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Na Song
- Department of Hemodialysis, Joint Logistic Support Force of the People’s Liberation Army, Tai ‘An Medical Area, 960th Hospital, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolian Jiang
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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447
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Zhao H, Wang H, Li H, Zheng W, Yuan T, Feng A, Luo D, Hu Y, Sun Y, Lin YF, Zhou Y, Luo G, Peng Q, Yang J, Xu J, Zou H. Uptake and adverse reactions of COVID-19 vaccination among people living with HIV in China: a case-control study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:4964-4970. [PMID: 34890516 PMCID: PMC8904017 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1991183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to ravage the world. People living with HIV (PLHIV) are one of the most vulnerable groups. This study aims to identify the factors associated with the uptake and adverse reactions of COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS We recruited PLHIV in China by convenience sampling between 7 and 23 February 2021. Participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire. Chi-squared test and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess factors associated with vaccine uptake. RESULTS A total of 527 vaccinated and 1091 unvaccinated PLHIV were recruited. Individuals who had a higher education, engaged in occupations with a higher risk of COVID-19 infection, received influenza or pneumonia vaccine in the past 3 years (5.40, 3.36-8.77), believed in the effectiveness of vaccines (3.01, 2.20-4.12), and received media information regarding COVID-19 vaccine (2.23, 1.61-3.11), were more likely to be vaccinated. Concerning about adverse reactions (0.31, 0.22-0.44), negative impact on the progression of HIV/AIDS (0.36, 0.26-0.50) or antiretroviral therapy (ART) (0.61, 0.44-0.85), disclosure of HIV infection status (0.69, 0.49-0.96), comorbidities (0.33, 0.22-0.47), being unmarried (0.43, 0.28-0.66) and older age were negatively associated with vaccination. Of the 527 vaccinated PLHIV, 155 (29.4%) PLHIV reported adverse reactions, with pain at the injection site being the most common (18.2%). CONCLUSIONS PLHIV, who are concerned about adverse reactions, negative impact on ART outcome and disclosure of HIV infection status, were less likely to adopt COVID-19 vaccination. To increase vaccination coverage among PLHIV, health-care professionals should emphasize the benefits and necessity of vaccination and provide consultancy regarding adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Third People’ S Hospital of Shenzhen and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shizhong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Weiran Zheng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Tanwei Yuan
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Anping Feng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Dan Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yuqing Hu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yinghui Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yi-Fan Lin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yiguo Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Ganfeng Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Qiaoli Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Third People’ S Hospital of Shenzhen and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianzhou Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Clinical Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
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448
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An PL, Nguyen HTN, Dang HTB, Huynh QNH, Pham BDU, Huynh G. Integrating Health Behavior Theories to Predict Intention to Get a COVID-19 Vaccine. Health Serv Insights 2021; 14:11786329211060130. [PMID: 34880626 PMCID: PMC8647240 DOI: 10.1177/11786329211060130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines are put forward as the most promising solution for combatting the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to assess the willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 by using the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a theoretical framework. A self-administered questionnaire was considered among Vietnamese adult patients between March and May 2021. The dependent variable was a COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, the hierarchical multivariable regression was done to assess the fit of the predictor model and the associations of variables. A total of 462 participants completed the questionnaire, with 80.5% vaccination intention. A model containing demographics, as well as HBM and TPB variables, demonstrated to be a predictor of intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, interpreting 39% of the variance (adjusted R 2 = 0.39). For HBM and TPB constructs, respondents were more likely to accept vaccination if they had higher level of cues to action, self-efficacy, and a lower level of the perceived barriers (all P < .001). The theoretical framework provided a predictor of intention to get a COVID-19 vaccine, which is important for elaborating intervention plans to ensure the success of conducting mass vaccination campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Le An
- Family Medicine Training Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Han Thi Ngoc Nguyen
- Infection Control Department, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hop Thi Bich Dang
- Department of Disease Control and HIV/AIDS, Tan Hong District Health Center, Tan Hong District, Dong Thap Province, Vietnam
| | - Quynh Ngoc Ho Huynh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh Duong Uyen Pham
- Quality Assurance of Education, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Giao Huynh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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449
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Allen JD, Feng W, Corlin L, Porteny T, Acevedo A, Schildkraut D, King E, Ladin K, Fu Q, Stopka TJ. Why are some people reluctant to be vaccinated for COVID-19? A cross-sectional survey among U.S. Adults in May-June 2020. Prev Med Rep 2021; 24:101494. [PMID: 34277329 PMCID: PMC8277541 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is necessary to ensure maximum uptake, needed for herd immunity. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey between May 29-June 20, 2020 among a national sample of U.S. adults ages 18 years and over to assess cognitive, attitudinal and normative beliefs associated with not intending to get a COVID-19 vaccine. Of 1219 respondents, 17.7% said that they would not get a vaccine and 24.2% were unsure. In multivariable analyses controlled for gender, age, income, education, religious affiliation, health insurance coverage, and political party affiliation, those who reported that they were unwilling be vaccinated (versus those who were willing) were less likely to agree that vaccines are safe/effective (Relative Risk Ratio (RRR): 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.31, 0.66), that everyone has a responsibility to be vaccinated (RRR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.52), that public authorities should be able to mandate vaccination (RRR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.98), and more likely to believe that if everyone else were vaccinated they would not need a vaccine (RRR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.78). Our results suggest that health messages should emphasize the safety and efficacy of vaccines, as well as the fact that vaccinating oneself is important, even if the level of uptake in the community is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D. Allen
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Wenhui Feng
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Corlin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, 200 College Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Thalia Porteny
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Andrea Acevedo
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Deborah Schildkraut
- Department of Political Science, Tufts University, Packard Hall, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Erin King
- Department of Clinical Science, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Keren Ladin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Thomas J. Stopka
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, 35 Kneeland Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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450
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Rahman MM, Chisty MA, Sakib MS, Quader MA, Shobuj IA, Alam MA, Halim MA, Rahman F. Status and perception toward the COVID-19 vaccine: A cross-sectional online survey among adult population of Bangladesh. Health Sci Rep 2021; 4:e451. [PMID: 34938896 PMCID: PMC8671900 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 has become a global public health concern. Safe and effective vaccines are required to control the pandemic. However, positive perception toward the vaccine is also necessary for a successful vaccination effort. OBJECTIVE A rapid online survey was conducted to evaluate the status and perception toward the newly administered COVID-19 vaccine among the adult population (18 years and above) of Bangladesh. METHODS A total of 850 adult people participated. χ 2 or Fisher's exact test was performed to determine the association between the first dose of vaccination and sociodemographic information. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to examine the predictors of knowledge, attitude, and hesitation toward the vaccine. RESULTS Exactly 24.12% of the study population received their first dose of COVID-19 vaccine, whereas 30.23% expressed hesitation about pursuing the vaccine. Older age groups (>70%), married people (49.62%), capital Dhaka city outsiders (32.76%), and high-income groups (>50%) received the vaccine much higher than their counter group. Age, marital status, educational attainment, monthly income, and prior COVID-19 positive status were all significantly associated with the knowledge regarding the vaccine. Only age (>55 years age group = aOR: 4.10; 95% CI: 1.30, 14.31) and level of knowledge (poor knowledge = aOR: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.23) were significant determinants of attitudes. In case of hesitation, age group and monthly income were found as significant determinants. Fear of adverse consequences (86.67%) was the most common reason for hesitation, followed by insufficient information (73.85%). CONCLUSION This study sought to determine the status and perception of the newly administered COVID-19 vaccine to aid in the current inoculation campaign's effectiveness. Collaboration between academics, government officials, and communities is essential in developing a successful COVID-19 vaccination program for the entire population. The authority should develop effective strategies to ensure the implementation of its policy of widespread COVID-19 vaccination coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Disaster and Human Security Management, Faculty of Arts and Social SciencesBangladesh University of ProfessionalsDhakaBangladesh
| | - Musabber Ali Chisty
- Institute of Disaster Management and Vulnerability Studies, University of DhakaDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mohammed Sadman Sakib
- Department of Disaster and Human Security Management, Faculty of Arts and Social SciencesBangladesh University of ProfessionalsDhakaBangladesh
| | - Masrur Abdul Quader
- Department of Disaster and Human Security Management, Faculty of Arts and Social SciencesBangladesh University of ProfessionalsDhakaBangladesh
| | - Ifta Alam Shobuj
- Department of Disaster and Human Security Management, Faculty of Arts and Social SciencesBangladesh University of ProfessionalsDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Alam
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Md. Abdul Halim
- Department of Disaster and Human Security Management, Faculty of Arts and Social SciencesBangladesh University of ProfessionalsDhakaBangladesh
| | - Farzana Rahman
- Department of Computer Science and EngineeringIndependent University BangladeshDhakaBangladesh
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