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Lin T, Liu Z, Dai F, Wang H, Zuo J. Porcine skeletal muscle typing in histochemical and in-situ RT-PCR analysis. Vet Anim Sci 2024; 25:100332. [PMID: 38975272 PMCID: PMC11225689 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are plenty of histochemical methods to classify pig muscle fibers, which confused the naming and classification of muscle fibers. This study aims to analyze the difference and correlation of 6 different histochemical methods and select the most suitable method for muscle fiber classification at the molecular and histomological levels by in-situ RT-PCR and enzyme histochemical methods. Muscle fiber samples, including psoas (PM), semitendinosus (SM) and trapezius muscle (TM), were collected from Large Spotted (LS), Lantang (LT) and Landrace (LR) pigs at their market-ages (LS at 150 d, LT at 210 d, and LR at 150 d). 6 kinds of histochemical methods combining actomyosin adenosine triphosphatase (AM-ATPase) with succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzyme were conducted to differentiate fiber types. 2 types of fibers (I and II) were differentiated by acid 2-fibre (2-AC) or alkaline 2-fibre classification(2-AL), 3 types of fibers (βR, αR and αW) by 3-AC or 3-AL, and 4 types of fibers (I, IIa, IIx and IIb) by 4-AC, or 4-AL. Results showed that AC and AL muscle-fiber classification were consistent in reflecting the characteristics of muscle fibers(P > 0.05), but the color of each muscle fiber type was just opposite. AC methods may be superior to AL methods because of their clear staining background, the sensitivity to staining condition. But there were breed differences and tissue specificity in the optimal preincubation condition. The optimal acid preincubation condition for classifying muscle fibers was pH4.30 for LT, while pH 4.35 for the LS and LR pigs. Meanwhile the optimal acid preincubation condition was pH4.35 for PM, while pH4.40 for TM or SM. For further selection from 2, 3, 4-AC, in-situ RT-PCR was applied to detect the mRNA distribution of myosin heavy chain I (MyHC-I). By combining in-situ PCR with enzyme histochemistry methods, MyHC-I gene and its product - Type I fibrocytes were directly located in cells at both molecular level and morphological level. Compared with the cross-sectional area (CSA) of different muscle fibers (i.e. I, II, βR, αR, αW, IIa, IIx and IIb) identified by enzyme histochemistry, it was found that the CSAs with stronger mRNA expression signal of MyHC-Ⅰ were closer to those of the Type I muscle fiber measured by 4-AC enzyme histochemistry (P > 0.05). Therefore, 4-AC may be considered as the most proper muscle typing method to study muscle fiber typing as well as meat quality. And the combination of in-situ RT-PCR and histochemistry may help better understand porcine muscle fiber characteristics and meat quality in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lin
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Sichuan, 61400, China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo Pest Control and Resource Development, Leshan, Sichuan 641000, People’s Republic of China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510000, China
- Guang'an Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, China
| | - Zhun Liu
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Sichuan, 61400, China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo Pest Control and Resource Development, Leshan, Sichuan 641000, People’s Republic of China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Fawen Dai
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Sichuan, 61400, China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo Pest Control and Resource Development, Leshan, Sichuan 641000, People’s Republic of China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Hechuan Wang
- Guang'an Xinnong Development Co., Ltd, Guang'an, 638000, China
| | - Jianjun Zuo
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510000, China
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Yang SH, Yang H, Ahn BM, Lee SY, Lee SJ, Kim JS, Koo YT, Lee CH, Kim JH, Yoon Park JH, Jang YJ, Lee KW. Fermented Yak-Kong using Bifidobacterium animalis derived from Korean infant intestine effectively relieves muscle atrophy in an aging mouse model. Food Funct 2024; 15:7224-7237. [PMID: 38812412 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04204a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Yak-Kong (YK) is a small black soybean widely cultivated in Korea. It is considered to have excellent health functionality, as it has been reported to have better antioxidant efficacy than conventional black or yellow soybeans. Since YK has been described as good for the muscle health of the elderly in old oriental medicine books, this study sought to investigate the effect of fermented YK with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LDTM 8102 (FYK) on muscle atrophy. In C2C12 mouse myoblasts, FYK elevated the expression of MyoD, total MHC, phosphorylated AKT, and PGC1α. In addition, two kinds of in vivo studies were conducted using both an induced and normal aging mouse model. The behavioral test results showed that in the induced aging mouse model, FYK intake alleviated age-related muscle weakness and loss of exercise performance. In addition, FYK alleviated muscle mass decrease and improved the expression of biomarkers including total MHC, myf6, phosphorylated AKT, PGC1α, and Tfam, which are related to myoblast differentiation, muscle protein synthesis, and mitochondrial generation in the muscle. In the normal aging model, FYK consumption did not increase muscle mass, but did upregulate the expression levels of biomarkers related to myoblast differentiation, muscle hypertrophy, and muscle function. Furthermore, it mitigated age-related declines in skeletal muscle force production and functional limitation by enhancing exercise performance and grip strength. Taken together, the results suggest that FYK has the potential to be a new functional food material that can alleviate the loss of muscle mass and strength caused by aging and prevent sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hee Yang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Min Ahn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Young Lee
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Joo Lee
- Kwangdong Pharmaceutical, Seoul, 06650, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Kim
- Kwangdong Pharmaceutical, Seoul, 06650, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tae Koo
- Kwangdong Pharmaceutical, Seoul, 06650, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyung Lee
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hun Kim
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, 01133, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Han Yoon Park
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Jang
- Major of Food Science & Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
- Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bio convergence, Seoul National. University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Mann CG, MacArthur MR, Zhang J, Gong S, AbuSalim JE, Hunter CJ, Lu W, Agius T, Longchamp A, Allagnat F, Rabinowitz J, Mitchell JR, De Bock K, Mitchell SJ. Sulfur Amino Acid Restriction Enhances Exercise Capacity in Mice by Boosting Fat Oxidation in Muscle. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.27.601041. [PMID: 39005372 PMCID: PMC11244859 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.27.601041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Dietary restriction of the sulfur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine (SAAR) improves body composition, enhances insulin sensitivity, and extends lifespan; benefits seen also with endurance exercise. Yet, the impact of SAAR on skeletal muscle remains largely unexplored. Here we demonstrate that one week of SAAR in sedentary, young, male mice increases endurance exercise capacity. Indirect calorimetry showed that SAAR increased lipid oxidation at rest and delayed the onset of carbohydrate utilization during exercise. Transcriptomic analysis revealed increased expression of genes involved in fatty acid catabolism especially in glycolytic muscle following SAAR. These findings were functionally supported by increased fatty acid circulatory turnover flux and muscle β-oxidation. Reducing lipid uptake from circulation through endothelial cell (EC)-specific CD36 deletion attenuated the running phenotype. Mechanistically, VEGF-signaling inhibition prevented exercise increases following SAAR, without affecting angiogenesis, implicating noncanonical VEGF signaling and EC CD36-dependent fatty acid transport in regulating exercise capacity by influencing muscle substrate availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte G Mann
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Michael R MacArthur
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Songlin Gong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Jenna E AbuSalim
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Craig J. Hunter
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Wenyun Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Thomas Agius
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Alban Longchamp
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Florent Allagnat
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Joshua Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - James R Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Sarah J Mitchell
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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Zhang D, Xu F, Liu Y. Research progress on regulating factors of muscle fiber heterogeneity in poultry: a review. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104031. [PMID: 39033575 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Control of meat quality traits is an important goal of any farm animal production, including poultry. A better understanding of the biochemical properties of muscle fiber properties that drive muscle development and ultimately meat quality constitutes one of the major challenging topics in animal production and meat science. In this paper, the existing classification methods of skeletal muscle fibers in poultry were reviewed and the relationship between contractile and metabolic characteristics of muscle fibers and poultry meat quality was described. Finally, a comprehensive review of multiple potential factors affecting muscle fiber distribution and conversion is presented, including breed, sex, hormones, growth performance, diet, muscle position, exercise, and ambient temperature. We emphasize that knowledge of muscle fiber typing is essential to better understand how to control muscle characteristics throughout the life cycle of animals to better manage the final quality of poultry meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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5
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Lee SB, Woo TW, Baek DC, Son CG. A standardized herbal combination of Astragalus membranaceus and Paeonia japonica promotes skeletal muscle hypertrophy in a treadmill exercise mouse model. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1362550. [PMID: 38966418 PMCID: PMC11223055 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1362550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Maintaining a normal range of muscle mass and function is crucial not only for sustaining a healthy life but also for preventing various disorders. Numerous nutritional or natural resources are being explored for their potential muscle hypertrophic properties. Aim We aimed to evaluate the muscle hypertrophic effects of APX, a 1:1 mixture of Astragalus membranaceus and Paeonia japonica. In addition to the myotube differentiation cell assay, we utilized a weighted exercise-based animal model and evaluated changes in muscle hypertrophy using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and histological analysis. Results The 8-week treadmill exercise led to notable decreases in body weight and fat mass but an increase in muscle mass compared to the control group. Administration of APX significantly accelerated muscle mass gain (p < 0.05) without altering body weight or fat mass compared to the exercise-only group. This muscle hypertrophic effect of APX was consistent with the histologic size of muscle fibers in the gastrocnemius (p > 0.05) and rectus femoris (p < 0.05), as well as the regulation of myogenic transcription factors (MyoD and myogenin), respectively. Furthermore, APX demonstrated a similar action to insulin-like growth factor 1, influencing the proliferation of C2C12 myoblast cells (p < 0.01) and their differentiation into myotubes (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. Conclusion The present study provides experimental evidence that APX has muscle hypertrophic effects, and its underlying mechanisms would involve the modulation of MyoD and myogenin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chang-Gue Son
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Di Lorenzo R, Chimienti G, Picca A, Trisolini L, Latronico T, Liuzzi GM, Pesce V, Leuweenburgh C, Lezza AMS. Resveratrol impinges on retrograde communication without inducing mitochondrial biogenesis in aged rat soleus muscle. Exp Gerontol 2024; 194:112485. [PMID: 38876448 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The natural polyphenol resveratrol (RSV) might counteract the skeletal muscle age-related loss of muscle mass and strength/function partly acting on mitochondria. This work analysed the effects of a six-week administration of RSV (50 mg/kg/day) in the oxidative Soleus (Sol) skeletal muscle of old rats (27 months old). RSV effects on key mitochondrial biogenesis proteins led to un unchanged amount of SIRT1 protein and a marked decrease (60 %) in PGC-1α protein. In addition, Peroxyredoxin 3 (PRXIII) protein decreased by 50 %, which on overall suggested the absence of induction of mitochondrial biogenesis by RSV in old Sol. A novel direct correlation between PGC-1α and PRXIII proteins was demonstrated by correlation analysis in RSV and ad-libitum (AL) rats, supporting the reciprocally coordinated expression of the proteins. RSV supplementation led to an unexpected 50 % increase in the frequency of the oxidized base OH8dG in mtDNA. Furthermore, RSV supplementation induced a 50 % increase in the DRP1 protein of mitochondrial dynamics. In both rat groups an inverse correlation between PGC-1α and the frequency of OH8dG as well as an inverse correlation between PRXIII and the frequency of OH8dG were also found, suggestive of a relationship between oxidative damage to mtDNA and mitochondrial biogenesis activity. Such results may indicate that the antioxidant activity of RSV in aged Sol impinged on the oxidative fiber-specific, ROS-mediated, retrograde communication, thereby affecting the expression of SIRT1, PGC-1α and PRXIII, reducing the compensatory responses to the age-related mitochondrial oxidative stress and decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Di Lorenzo
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Guglielmina Chimienti
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Anna Picca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70100 Casamassima, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy.
| | - Lucia Trisolini
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Latronico
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Grazia Maria Liuzzi
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Vito Pesce
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Christiaan Leuweenburgh
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, Division of Biology of Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Angela Maria Serena Lezza
- Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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Escobar-Huertas JF, Vaca-González JJ, Guevara JM, Ramirez-Martinez AM, Trabelsi O, Garzón-Alvarado DA. Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy: Cellular mechanisms, image analysis, and computational models: A review. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024; 81:269-286. [PMID: 38224155 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The muscle is the principal tissue that is capable to transform potential energy into kinetic energy. This process is due to the transformation of chemical energy into mechanical energy to enhance the movements and all the daily activities. However, muscular tissues can be affected by some pathologies associated with genetic alterations that affect the expression of proteins. As the muscle is a highly organized structure in which most of the signaling pathways and proteins are related to one another, pathologies may overlap. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most severe muscle pathologies triggering degeneration and muscle necrosis. Several mathematical models have been developed to predict muscle response to different scenarios and pathologies. The aim of this review is to describe DMD and Becker muscular dystrophy in terms of cellular behavior and molecular disorders and to present an overview of the computational models implemented to understand muscle behavior with the aim of improving regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Escobar-Huertas
- Numerical Methods and Modeling Research Group (GNUM), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche Royallieu, Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Juan Jairo Vaca-González
- Escuela de pregrado, Dirección Académica, Vicerrectoría de Sede, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede la Paz, Cesar, Colombia
| | - Johana María Guevara
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Olfa Trabelsi
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche Royallieu, Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - D A Garzón-Alvarado
- Numerical Methods and Modeling Research Group (GNUM), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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Sewry CA. 25th Meryon Lecture, given at the Annual Meeting of the Meryon Society, St Anne's College, Oxford, 7 th July 2023The motor unit: A chequered history. Neuromuscul Disord 2024; 39:33-36. [PMID: 38759273 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Sewry
- Department of Musculoskeletal Histopathology and Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Diseases RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK; Department of Cellular Pathology, Salford Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Northern Care Alliance, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK; Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
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9
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Bologna M, Paparella G, Valls-Solé J, Hallett M, Berardelli A. Neural control of blinking. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 161:59-68. [PMID: 38447495 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Blinking is a motor act characterized by the sequential closing and opening of the eyelids, which is achieved through the reciprocal activation of the orbicularis oculi and levator palpebrae superioris muscles. This stereotyped movement can be triggered reflexively, occur spontaneously, or voluntarily initiated. During each type of blinking, the neural control of the antagonistic interaction between the orbicularis oculi and levator palpebrae superioris muscles is governed by partially overlapping circuits distributed across cortical, subcortical, and brainstem structures. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the anatomical and physiological foundations underlying the neural control of blinking. We describe the infra-nuclear apparatus, as well as the supra-nuclear control mechanisms, i.e., how cortical, subcortical, and brainstem structures regulate and coordinate the different types of blinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bologna
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
| | - Giulia Paparella
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Josep Valls-Solé
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark Hallett
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alfredo Berardelli
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
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10
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Li S, Zhong H, Wang Z, Chen J, Huang Z, Zou T, You J. Dietary protein restriction regulates skeletal muscle fiber metabolic characteristics associated with the FGF21-ERK1/2 pathway. iScience 2024; 27:109249. [PMID: 38450157 PMCID: PMC10915561 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Under conditions of dietary amino acid balance, decreasing the dietary crude protein (CP) level in pigs has a beneficial effect on meat quality. To further elucidate the mechanism, we explored the alteration of muscle fiber characteristics and key regulators related to myogenesis in the skeletal muscle of pigs fed a protein restricted diet. Compared to pigs fed a normal protein diet, dietary protein restriction significantly increased the slow-twitch muscle fiber proportion in skeletal muscle, succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, the concentrations of ascorbate, biotin, palmitoleic acid, and the ratio of s-adenosylhomocysteine (SAM) to s-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), but the fast-twitch muscle fiber proportion, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, the concentrations of ATP, glucose-6-phosphate, SAM, and SAH in skeletal muscle, and the ratio of serum triiodothyronine (T3) to tetraiodothyronine (T4) were decreased. In conclusion, we demonstrated that dietary protein restriction induced skeletal muscle fiber remodeling association the regulation of FGF21-ERK1/2-mTORC1 signaling in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Haopeng Zhong
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zirui Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zhouyin Huang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Tiande Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jinming You
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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11
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LeMaster MN, Ha M, Dunshea FR, Chauhan S, D'Souza D, Warner RD. Impact of cooking temperature on pork longissimus, and muscle fibre type, on quality traits and protein denaturation of four pork muscles. Meat Sci 2024; 209:109395. [PMID: 38141536 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Variations in pork quality impact consumer acceptance, and fibre type differences between muscles contribute to this variation. The aim was to investigate the influence of variations in muscle fibre types and protein denaturation peaks across four pork muscles and the influence of ageing and cooking temperature on longissimus quality traits. The longissimus, masseter, cutaneous trunci, and psoas major from 13 carcases were removed 1-day postmortem and subjected to 0- or 14-days ageing (d0, d14). Quality traits, protein denaturation peak temperature (DSC), fibre diameter and fibre type proportions were measured. Cook loss for longissimus was similar on d0 and d14, but was higher on d14 for masseter, cutaneous trunci, and psoas major. Warner-Bratzler shear force was highest, and ultimate pH was lowest, for longissimus, and similar among cutaneous trunci, masseter, and psoas major. Masseter had lowest L* and highest a* and longissimus and cutaneous trunci had highest L* and lowest a*. The DSC temperature peaks for longissimus occurred at lower temperatures relative to the other muscles. Fibre diameter was largest for type-IIb fibres relative to type-IIa and type-I. Longissimus and cutaneous trunci had predominantly type-IIb glycolytic (71%, 51% respectively), masseter had predominantly type-IIa intermediate (50%) and psoas major had predominantly type-I oxidative (48%) fibres. The glycolytic longissimus had the lowest DSC temperature peaks and the lowest quality meat. Masseter had the highest proportion of type-I fibres but was generally similar in quality traits to psoas major, and also similar to cutaneous trunci which had more glycolytic fibres than masseter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle N LeMaster
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Minh Ha
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R Dunshea
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Surinder Chauhan
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | | | - Robyn D Warner
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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12
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Şirin E, Şen U, Aksoy Y, Çiçek Ü, Ulutaş Z, Kuran M. The Effect of Birth Weight on Fattening Performance, Meat Quality, and Muscle Fibre Characteristics in Lambs of the Karayaka Native Breed. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:704. [PMID: 38473089 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This investigation aimed to assess the influence of birth weight on post-weaning fattening performance, meat quality, muscle fibre characteristics, and carcass traits in Karayaka lambs. The study categorized the lambs into three distinct groups based on birth weight: low birth weight (LBW), medium birth weight (MBW), and high birth weight (HBW). Throughout the fattening phase, the lambs were given ad libitum access to food and water, culminating in the slaughter at the end of the study. Following slaughter, warm and cold carcasses were weighted, and specific muscles (longissimus thoracis et lumborum [LTL], semitendinosus [ST], and semimembranosus [SM]) were isolated for the evaluation of muscle weights, muscle fibre types (Type I, Type IIA, and Type IIB), and muscle fibre numbers. Carcass characteristics were also determined, including eye muscle (LTL) fat, loin thickness, and meat quality characteristics, such as pH, colour, texture, cooking loss, and water-holding capacity. The statistical analysis revealed highly significant differences among the experimental groups concerning muscle weights and warm and cold carcass weights (p < 0.01), with the lambs in the HBW group exhibiting a notably higher carcass yield (in females: 45.65 ± 1.34% and in males: 46.18 ± 0.77%) and LTL, ST, and SM (except for female lambs) muscle weights than the lambs in LBW group (p < 0.01). However, apart from the texture of LTL and ST muscles, no significant differences in meat quality parameters were observed among the treatment groups (p > 0.05). Notably, the birth weight of lambs did not impart a discernible effect on the total number and metabolic activity of muscle fibres in LTL, ST, and SM muscles. Nonetheless, a noteworthy distinction in the fibre area of Type I fibres in the LTL muscle of male lambs (LBW: 30.4 ± 8.9, MBW: 29.1 ± 7.3 and HBW; 77.3 ± 15.4) and in the ST muscle of female lambs (LBW: 44.1 ± 8.1, MBW: 38.8 ± 7.7 and HBW: 36.9 ± 7.1) were evident among the birth weight groups (p < 0.05). The study also found that the mean fat thickness values of eye muscles in Karayaka lambs, as obtained by ultrasonic tests, were below the typical range for sheep. In synthesis, the outcomes of this study underscore the considerable impact of birth weight on slaughtered and carcass weights, emphasizing the positive association between higher birth weights and enhanced carcass yield. Remarkably, despite these pronounced effects on carcass traits, the birth weight did not demonstrate a statistically significant influence on meat quality or overall muscle fibre characteristics, except for the area of Type I fibres in the LTL muscle. This nuanced understanding contributes valuable insights into the intricate relationship between birth weight and various physiological and carcass parameters in Karayaka lambs undergoing post-weaning fattening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Şirin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, 40100 Kırşehir, Türkiye
| | - Uğur Şen
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139 Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Yüksel Aksoy
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, 26160 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Ümran Çiçek
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60100 Tokat, Türkiye
| | - Zafer Ulutaş
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Kuran
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139 Samsun, Türkiye
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13
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Lyu H, Na Q, Wang L, Li Y, Zheng Z, Wu Y, Li Y, Hang G, Zhu X, Ji R, Guo F, Ming L. Effects of Muscle Type and Aging on Glycolysis and Physicochemical Quality Properties of Bactrian camel ( Camelus bactrianus) Meat. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:611. [PMID: 38396579 PMCID: PMC10886407 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor tenderness of camel meat has seriously hampered the development of the camel meat industry. This study investigated the effects of muscle fiber composition and ageing time on meat quality, glycolytic potential, and glycolysis-related enzyme activities. Muscle samples of the longissimus thoracis (LT), psoas major (PM), and semitendinosus (ST) were collected from eight 8-10 year old Sonid Bactrian camels (females). Muscle fiber composition was examined by ATPase staining and immunohistochemistry. Meat quality indexes, glycolytic potential, and activities of major glycolytic enzymes were examined at 4 °C aging for 1, 6, 24, 72, and 120 h. The results showed that LT was mainly composed of type IIb muscle fibers, whereas PM and ST were mainly composed of type I muscle fibers. The PCR results of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) were consistent with the ATPase staining results. During aging, the shear force of LT muscle was always greater than that of PM and ST, and its glycolysis was the strongest; type IIa, IIb, and IIx muscle fibers were positively correlated with muscle shear force and glycolysis rate, and type I muscle fibers were significantly and negatively correlated with the activities of the key enzymes of glycolysis within 6 h. The results showed that the muscle fibers of LT muscle had the greatest glycolysis capacity. These results suggest that an excessive type IIb muscle fiber number percentage and area in camel meat accelerated the glycolysis process, but seriously affected the sensory profile of the camel meat. The results of this study provide directions for the camel industry when addressing the poor tenderness of camel meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodi Lyu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Qin Na
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Linlin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yafei Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Zengtuo Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yinga Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Gai Hang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiangwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Rimutu Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Camel Research, Alxa 737300, China
| | - Fucheng Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Liang Ming
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.L.); (Q.N.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (G.H.); (X.Z.)
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14
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Tang J, Liu W, Li X, Peng Y, Zhang Y, Hou S. Linking myosin heavy chain isoform shift to mechanical properties and fracture modes in skeletal muscle tissue. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2024; 23:103-116. [PMID: 37568047 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Muscle fibers play a crucial role in the mechanical action of skeletal muscle tissue. However, it is unclear how the histological variations affect the mechanical properties of tissues. In this study, the shift of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms is used for the first time to establish a linkage between tissue histological variation and passive mechanical properties. The shift of MHC isoform is found not only to induce significant differences in skeletal muscle passive mechanical properties, but also to lead to differences in strain rate responses. Non-negligible rate dependence is observed even in the conventionally defined quasi-static regime. Fidelity in the estimated constitutive parameters, which can be impacted due to variation in MHC isoforms and hence in rate sensitivity, is enhanced using a Bayesian inference framework. Subsequently, scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy are used to characterize the fracture morphology of muscle tissues and fibers. The fracture mode of both MHC I and II muscle fibers exhibited shearing of endomysium. Results show that the increase in strain rate only leads to stronger rebounding of the muscle fibers during tissue rupture without changing fracture modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wenyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Xuhong Li
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shujuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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15
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Li Q, Hao M, Zhu J, Yi L, Cheng W, Xie Y, Zhao S. Comparison of differentially expressed genes in longissimus dorsi muscle of Diannan small ears, Wujin and landrace pigs using RNA-seq. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1296208. [PMID: 38249550 PMCID: PMC10796741 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1296208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pig growth is an important economic trait that involves the co-regulation of multiple genes and related signaling pathways. High-throughput sequencing has become a powerful technology for establishing the transcriptome profiles and can be used to screen genome-wide differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying muscle growth, this study adopted RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify and compare DEGs at the genetic level in the longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) between two indigenous Chinese pig breeds (Diannan small ears [DSE] pig and Wujin pig [WJ]) and one introduced pig breed (Landrace pig [LP]). Methods Animals under study were from two Chinese indigenous pig breeds (DSE pig, n = 3; WJ pig, n = 3) and one introduced pig breed (LP, n = 3) were used for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify and compare the expression levels of DEGs in the LDM. Then, functional annotation, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed on these DEGs. Then, functional annotation, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed on these DEGs. Results The results revealed that for the DSE, WJ, and LP libraries, more than 66, 65, and 71 million clean reads were generated by transcriptome sequencing, respectively. A total of 11,213 genes were identified in the LDM tissue of these pig breeds, of which 7,127 were co-expressed in the muscle tissue of the three samples. In total, 441 and 339 DEGs were identified between DSE vs. WJ and LP vs. DSE in the study, with 254, 193 up-regulated genes and 187, 193 down-regulated genes in DSE compared to WJ and LP. GO analysis and KEGG signaling pathway analysis showed that DEGs are significantly related to contractile fiber, sarcolemma, and dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex, myofibril, sarcolemma, and myosin II complex, Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, Propanoate metabolism, and Pyruvate metabolism, etc. In combination with functional annotation of DEGs, key genes such as ENO3 and JUN were identified by PPI network analysis. Discussion In conclusion, the present study revealed key genes including DES, FLNC, PSMD1, PSMD6, PSME4, PSMB4, RPL11, RPL13A, ROS23, RPS29, MYH1, MYL9, MYL12B, TPM1, TPM4, ENO3, PGK1, PKM2, GPI, and the unannotated new gene ENSSSCG00000020769 and related signaling pathways that influence the difference in muscle growth and could provide a theoretical basis for improving pig muscle growth traits in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Li
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Meilin Hao
- College of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junhong Zhu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Lanlan Yi
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenjie Cheng
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuxiao Xie
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Sumei Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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16
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Blemker SS, Brooks SV, Esser KA, Saul KR. Fiber-type traps: revisiting common misconceptions about skeletal muscle fiber types with application to motor control, biomechanics, physiology, and biology. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:109-121. [PMID: 37994416 PMCID: PMC11212792 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00337.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly complex tissue that is studied by scientists from a wide spectrum of disciplines, including motor control, biomechanics, exercise science, physiology, cell biology, genetics, regenerative medicine, orthopedics, and engineering. Although this diversity in perspectives has led to many important discoveries, historically, there has been limited overlap in discussions across fields. This has led to misconceptions and oversimplifications about muscle biology that can create confusion and potentially slow scientific progress across fields. The purpose of this synthesis paper is to bring together research perspectives across multiple muscle fields to identify common assumptions related to muscle fiber type that are points of concern to clarify. These assumptions include 1) classification by myosin isoform and fiber oxidative capacity is equivalent, 2) fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) is a surrogate marker for myosin isoform or oxidative capacity, and 3) muscle force-generating capacity can be inferred from myosin isoform. We address these three fiber-type traps and provide some context for how these misunderstandings can and do impact experimental design, computational modeling, and interpretations of findings, from the perspective of a range of fields. We stress the dangers of generalizing findings about "muscle fiber types" among muscles or across species or sex, and we note the importance for precise use of common terminology across the muscle fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia S Blemker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Susan V Brooks
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Katherine R Saul
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States
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17
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Roy BC, Coleman P, Markowsky M, Wang K, She Y, Richard C, Proctor SD, Bruce HL. Muscle Fiber, Connective Tissue and Meat Quality Characteristics of Pork from Low Birth Weight Pigs as Affected by Diet-Induced Increased Fat Absorption and Preferential Muscle Marbling. Food Sci Anim Resour 2024; 44:51-73. [PMID: 38229859 PMCID: PMC10789550 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2023.e56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated how birth weight differences in piglets affected carcass and muscle fiber properties as well as meat quality at slaughter. Within litters, piglets were grouped according to their birth weight as either normal (NBW; 1.62-1.73 kg) or low (LBW; 1.18-1.29 kg). At 5 weeks of age, NBW piglets were randomly transitioned to control (C) or isocaloric high fat diets derived from non-dairy (HF), while LBW piglets were randomly transitioned to high fat diets derived from non-dairy (HF) or dairy sources (HFHD). Piglets were reared in individual pens under standardized housing and feeding conditions. Live weight was recorded weekly, and pigs were slaughtered at 12 weeks of age. Hot carcass weights, dressing percentages, lean meat yield, and primal cut proportions were determined. The m. longissimus thoracis was collected from the right side of the carcass for measurement of physical and chemical properties of meat and muscle fiber characteristics. Results indicated that LBW pigs compensated for their live weight compared to NBW pigs at 6 weeks of age. The mean muscle fiber diameter of LBW-HFHD group is significantly higher than NBW-C and NBW-HF group, and the type I muscle fiber diameter is significantly higher than NBW-C group. Dairy fat inclusion in LBW pig diet reduced carcass back fat thickness. This increased the calculated lean meat yield to be comparable to that of NBW pigs fed a commercial diet. Incorporating dairy-sourced high-fat into LBW pigs' diets appears to be an effective strategy for producing carcasses equivalent to NBW pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimol C. Roy
- Division of Animal Science, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Patience Coleman
- Division of Animal Science, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Meghan Markowsky
- Division of Animal Science, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Kun Wang
- Division of Animal Science, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Yongbo She
- Division of Animal Science, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Caroline Richard
- Division of Animal Science, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Spencer D. Proctor
- Division of Animal Science, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Heather L. Bruce
- Division of Animal Science, Department of
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
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18
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Song P, Huo G, Feng J, Zhang W, Li X, Zhao J. Intramuscular vitamin A injection in newborn lambs enhances antioxidant capacity and improves meat quality. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1272874. [PMID: 38111737 PMCID: PMC10725944 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1272874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vitamin A (VA) and its metabolite, retinoic acid (RA) possess several biological functions. This report investigated whether neonatal intramuscular VA injection affected antioxidative activity and meat quality in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of lambs. Methods Lambs were injected with 0 (control) or 7,500 IU VA palmitate into the biceps femoris muscle on day 2 after birth. At 3, 12, and 32 weeks of age, blood samples were collected in the jugular vein for serum levels of RA and muscle samples were collected in the biceps femoris for analysis of relative mRNA expression of enzyme contributors to retinoid metabolism. All animals were harvested at 32 weeks of age and muscle samples were collected to explore the role of VA on the meat quality and antioxidant capacity of lambs. Results and discussion Our results indicated that VA increased the redness, crude protein, and crude fat (p < 0.05), without affecting moisture, ash, and amino acid composition in LD muscle (p > 0.05). In addition, VA increased catalase (CAT) activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in LD muscle (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, greater levels of CAT and NRF2 mRNA and protein contents with VA treatment were observed in LD muscle (p < 0.05), partly explained by the increased level of RA (p < 0.05). Collectively, our findings indicated that VA injection at birth could improve lamb meat quality by elevating the redness, crude protein, crude fat, and antioxidative capacity in LD muscle of lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Junxing Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
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19
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Gartling G, Nakamura R, Bing R, Branski RC. A Novel Method for Thyroarytenoid Myofiber Culture. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:3109-3115. [PMID: 37227163 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Myofiber culture has been employed to investigate muscle physiology in vitro and is well-established in the rodent hind limb. Thyroarytenoid (TA) myofiber culture has not been described, providing an opportunity to employ this method to investigate distinct TA myofiber functions. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of a TA myofiber culture model. STUDY DESIGN In vitro. METHODS TA muscles from five Sprague Dawley rats were independently isolated and digested for 90 min. A smooth-tip, wide-bored pipette dissociated TA myofibers from cartilage, and the fibers were distributed on collagen-coated dishes and incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for 2 h. Myofiber specificity was determined via immunolabeling for desmin and myosin heavy chain (MHC). Myofibers viability was assessed over 7 days via esterase assay. Additional myofibers were immunolabeled for satellite cell marker Pax-7. Glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GR) was immunolabeled following GC treatment. RESULTS The harvest technique yielded ~120 myofibers per larynx. By day 7, ~60% of the fibers remained attached and were calcein AM-positive/ethidium homodimer-negative, indicating viability. Myofibers were positive for desmin and MHC, indicating muscle specificity. Cells surrounding myofibers were positive for Pax-7, indicating the presence of myogenic satellite cells. Myofibers also responded to GC treatment as determined by GR nuclear translocation. CONCLUSION TA myofibers remained viable in culture for at least 7 days with a predictable response to exogenous stimuli. This technique provides novel investigative opportunities regarding TA structure and function. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A Laryngoscope, 133:3109-3115, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Gartling
- Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Ryosuke Nakamura
- Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Renjie Bing
- Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Ryan C Branski
- Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
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20
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Roberts MD, McCarthy JJ, Hornberger TA, Phillips SM, Mackey AL, Nader GA, Boppart MD, Kavazis AN, Reidy PT, Ogasawara R, Libardi CA, Ugrinowitsch C, Booth FW, Esser KA. Mechanisms of mechanical overload-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy: current understanding and future directions. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2679-2757. [PMID: 37382939 PMCID: PMC10625844 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying mechanical overload-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy have been extensively researched since the landmark report by Morpurgo (1897) of "work-induced hypertrophy" in dogs that were treadmill trained. Much of the preclinical rodent and human resistance training research to date supports that involved mechanisms include enhanced mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, an expansion in translational capacity through ribosome biogenesis, increased satellite cell abundance and myonuclear accretion, and postexercise elevations in muscle protein synthesis rates. However, several lines of past and emerging evidence suggest that additional mechanisms that feed into or are independent of these processes are also involved. This review first provides a historical account of how mechanistic research into skeletal muscle hypertrophy has progressed. A comprehensive list of mechanisms associated with skeletal muscle hypertrophy is then outlined, and areas of disagreement involving these mechanisms are presented. Finally, future research directions involving many of the discussed mechanisms are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Roberts
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Troy A Hornberger
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abigail L Mackey
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gustavo A Nader
- Department of Kinesiology and Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Marni D Boppart
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Andreas N Kavazis
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Paul T Reidy
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States
| | - Riki Ogasawara
- Healthy Food Science Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Cleiton A Libardi
- MUSCULAB-Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ugrinowitsch
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frank W Booth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
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21
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Osaki TH, Gameiro GR, Osaki MH, Osaki T, Campos ED, Belfort R, Marie SKN. Orbicularis Oculi Muscle Immunohistochemical, Metabolic, and Morphometric Differences in Affected and Nonaffected Sides in Hemifacial Spasm vs Healthy Subjects. J Neuroophthalmol 2023; 43:410-416. [PMID: 36730142 DOI: 10.1097/wno.0000000000001770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subtle morphological alterations have been reported even in the nonaffected side of the orbicularis oculi muscle in patients with hemifacial spasm. However, no previous study assessed immunohistochemical, metabolic, and morphometric alterations in orbicularis oculi muscle fibers in affected and nonaffected sides in patients with this condition, compared with samples obtained from healthy subjects. The purpose of this study is to objectively assess and compare orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) samples of hemifacial spasm affected and nonaffected sides and healthy subjects. METHODS Orbicularis oculi samples from 8 patients with hemifacial spasm who had not been previously treated and 6 healthy subjects were prepared using hematoxylin and eosin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide tetrazolium reductase, cytochrome oxidase, succinate dehydrogenase, Gomori staining, and monoclonal antibodies against myosin slow and myosin fast. A digital image analysis software was used for objective analysis. RESULTS OOM fiber area was significantly greater in both affected ( P = 0.0379) and nonaffected sides ( P = 0.0012) of HFS samples when compared with control subjects' fibers. A significantly greater number of oxidative fibers were observed in both affected and nonaffected sides of patients with HFS when compared with control subjects ( P < 0.001 for both). A significantly greater percentage of slow fibers was observed in the affected side of HFS patients ( P = 0.0012) compared with control subjects. CONCLUSIONS This study's findings suggest that repeated contractions might lead to OOM fiber hypertrophy, increased mitochondrial metabolism, and possible conversion of fast-twitch orbicularis oculi muscle fibers into slow-twitch fibers in patients with HFS. Alterations were observed in affected and nonaffected sides, confirming initial findings that the nonaffected side is not normal in this unique condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy H Osaki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (THO, GRG, MHO, TO, RB), Paulista School of Medicine/EPM, Federal University of São Paulo/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil; and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (GRG, EDC, SKNM), Department of Neurology, University of São Paulo/USP, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Ahmadzadeh‐Gavahan L, Hosseinkhani A, Hamidian G, Jarolmasjed S, Yousefi‐Tabrizi R. Restricted maternal nutrition and supplementation of propylene glycol, monensin sodium and rumen-protected choline chloride during late pregnancy does not affect muscle fibre characteristics of offspring. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:2260-2268. [PMID: 37556348 PMCID: PMC10508547 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grazing in arid and semi-arid regions faces pregnant ewes with feed restrictions and hence affects the offspring muscle fibre characteristics. Using feed additives that enhance nutrient availability during foetal muscle development is expected to alter offspring skeletal muscle characteristics. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the effect of maternal restricted nutrition and supplementation of propylene glycol, monensin sodium and rumen-protected choline chloride on lamb's muscle fibre characteristics. METHODS Forty-eight Ghezel ewes were randomly allocated to one of six diets (N = 8) during the last 6 weeks of gestation: ad libitum feed intake (AL); restricted feeding (RF); restricted feeding containing propylene glycol (PG); restricted feeding containing propylene glycol and monensin sodium (MS); restricted feeding containing propylene glycol and rumen-protected choline chloride (RPC); restricted feeding containing propylene glycol, monensin sodium and rumen-protected choline chloride (PMC). The muscle samples were obtained from the semitendinosus muscle of 2-week-old male lambs (n = 5/treatment) via biopsy and were stained and classified as fibre types I, IIA and IIB. RESULTS Pre-parturient maternal feed restriction and administration of propylene glycol, monensin sodium and rumen-protected choline chloride had no significant effect on fibre-type composition, fibre density of muscle, muscle cross-sectional area and volume density of fibres (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Either maternal dietary restriction or supplementation of nutrient flux-involved additives during late pregnancy did not alter muscle fibre development and had no short-term effects on muscle properties of the resulting offspring as myogenesis occurs in early and mid-gestation, not late gestation. Therefore, maternal nutrition may not be a problematic issue in sheep production in arid and semi-arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Hosseinkhani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
| | - Gholamreza Hamidian
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
| | | | - Reza Yousefi‐Tabrizi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
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23
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Højfeldt G, Sorenson T, Gonzales A, Kjaer M, Andersen JL, Mackey AL. Fusion of myofibre branches is a physiological feature of healthy human skeletal muscle regeneration. Skelet Muscle 2023; 13:13. [PMID: 37573332 PMCID: PMC10422711 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-023-00322-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occurrence of hyperplasia, through myofibre splitting, remains a widely debated phenomenon. Structural alterations and fibre typing of skeletal muscle fibres, as seen during regeneration and in certain muscle diseases, can be challenging to interpret. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation can induce myofibre necrosis followed by changes in spatial and temporal cellular processes. Thirty days following electrical stimulation, remnants of regeneration can be seen in the myofibre and its basement membrane as the presence of small myofibres and encroachment of sarcolemma and basement membrane (suggestive of myofibre branching/splitting). The purpose of this study was to investigate myofibre branching and fibre type in a systematic manner in human skeletal muscle undergoing adult regenerative myogenesis. METHODS Electrical stimulation was used to induce myofibre necrosis to the vastus lateralis muscle of one leg in 5 young healthy males. Muscle tissue samples were collected from the stimulated leg 30 days later and from the control leg for comparison. Biopsies were sectioned and stained for dystrophin and laminin to label the sarcolemma and basement membrane, respectively, as well as ATPase, and antibodies against types I and II myosin, and embryonic and neonatal myosin. Myofibre branches were followed through 22 serial Sects. (264 μm). Single fibres and tissue blocks were examined by confocal and electron microscopy, respectively. RESULTS Regular branching of small myofibre segments was observed (median length 144 μm), most of which were observed to fuse further along the parent fibre. Central nuclei were frequently observed at the point of branching/fusion. The branch commonly presented with a more immature profile (nestin + , neonatal myosin + , disorganised myofilaments) than the parent myofibre, together suggesting fusion of the branch, rather than splitting. Of the 210 regenerating muscle fibres evaluated, 99.5% were type II fibres, indicating preferential damage to type II fibres with our protocol. Furthermore, these fibres demonstrated 7 different stages of "fibre-type" profiles. CONCLUSIONS By studying the regenerating tissue 30 days later with a range of microscopy techniques, we find that so-called myofibre branching or splitting is more likely to be fusion of myotubes and is therefore explained by incomplete regeneration after a necrosis-inducing event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grith Højfeldt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Trent Sorenson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Alana Gonzales
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Michael Kjaer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Belgdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jesper L Andersen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Belgdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Abigail L Mackey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Belgdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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24
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Using phenotypic and genotypic big data to investigate the effect of muscle fiber characteristics on meat quality and eating quality traits in pigs. Meat Sci 2023; 198:109122. [PMID: 36706711 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Determining genetic correlations (GCs) between phenotypes that can be replicated across breeds or generations is important for animal breeding. A comprehensive and objective evaluation of this is dependent on enough variations in the studied phenotypes. To this end, we constructed a worldwide distributed eight-breeds crossbreed mosaic pig population and estimated the genetic and phenotypic correlations of muscle fiber characteristics (MFCs) with meat quality and eating quality traits using F6 and F7 generations (∼590 samples/generation) of this population. The GCs of the density of type IIA fibers and type IIB fibers with the loin-eye area, a*, color score, firmness score, and those of the proportions of the two fiber types with pH24h and b* were moderate to high (|rg| ≥ 0.3) in both populations. We also obtained moderate to high GCs of mean fiber density with five sensory quality traits. Our results provide an important reference for improving meat quality through the genetic regulation of MFCs.
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25
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Schmich SKP, Keck J, Bonaterra GA, Bertoune M, Adam A, Wilhelm B, Slater EP, Schwarzbach H, Fendrich V, Kinscherf R, Hildebrandt W. Effects of Monoamino-Oxidase-A (MAO-A) Inhibition on Skeletal Muscle Inflammation and Wasting through Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in Triple Transgenic Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030912. [PMID: 36979889 PMCID: PMC10046345 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia describes a syndrome of muscle wasting and lipolysis that is still largely untreatable and negatively impacts prognosis, mobility, and healthcare costs. Since upregulation of skeletal muscle monoamine-oxidase-A (MAO-A), a source of reactive oxygen species, may contribute to cachexia, we investigated the effects of the MAO-inhibitor harmine-hydrochloride (HH, intraperitoneal, 8 weeks) on muscle wasting in a triple-transgenic mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and wild type (WT) mice. Gastrocnemius and soleus muscle cryo-cross-sections were analyzed for fiber type-specific cross-sectional area (CSA), fraction and capillarization using ATPase- and lectin-stainings. Transcripts of pro-apoptotic, -atrophic, and -inflammatory signals were determined by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, we evaluated the integrity of neuromuscular junction (NMJ, pre-/post-synaptic co-staining) and mitochondrial ultrastructure (transmission electron microscopy). MAO-A expression in gastrocnemius muscle was increased with PDAC vs. WT (immunohistochemistry: p < 0.05; Western blot: by trend). PDAC expectedly reduced fiber CSA and upregulated IL-1β in both calf muscles, while MuRF1 expression increased in soleus muscle only. Although IL-1β decreased, HH caused an additional 38.65% (p < 0.001) decrease in gastrocnemius muscle (IIBX) fiber CSA. Moreover, soleus muscle CSA remained unchanged despite the downregulation of E3-ligases FBXO32 (p < 0.05) and MuRF1 (p < 0.01) through HH. Notably, HH significantly decreased the post-synaptic NMJ area (quadriceps muscle) and glutathione levels (gastrocnemius muscle), thereby increasing mitochondrial damage and centronucleation in soleus and gastrocnemius type IIBX fibers. Moreover, although pro-atrophic/-inflammatory signals are reversed, HH unfortunately fails to stop and rather promotes PDAC-related muscle wasting, possibly via denervation or mitochondrial damage. These differential adverse vs. therapeutic effects warrant studies regarding dose-dependent benefits and risks with consideration of other targets of HH, such as the dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinases 1A and B (DYRK1A/B).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon K. P. Schmich
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jan Keck
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel A. Bonaterra
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Bertoune
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Anna Adam
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Beate Wilhelm
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Emily P. Slater
- Department of Visceral-, Thoracic- and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Hans Schwarzbach
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Volker Fendrich
- Department of Visceral-, Thoracic- and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Kinscherf
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Wulf Hildebrandt
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6421-2864042; Fax: +49-6421-2868983
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26
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Pridham PS, Stirling L. Ankle exoskeleton torque controllers based on soleus muscle models. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281944. [PMID: 36848340 PMCID: PMC9970081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Powered exoskeletons are typically task-specific, but to facilitate their wider adoption they should support a variety of tasks, which requires generalizeable controller designs. In this paper, we present two potential controllers for ankle exoskeletons based on soleus fascicles and Achilles tendon models. The methods use an estimate of the adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis rate of the soleus based on fascicle velocity. Models were evaluated using muscle dynamics from the literature, which were measured with ultrasound. We compare the simulated behavior of these methods against each other and to human-in-the-loop optimized torque profiles. Both methods generated distinct profiles for walking and running with speed variations. One of the approaches was more appropriate for walking, while the other approach estimated profiles similar to the literature for both walking and running. Human-in-the-loop methods require long optimizations to set parameters per individual for each specific task, the proposed methods can produce similar profiles, work across walking and running, and be implemented with body-worn sensors without requiring torque profile parameterization and optimization for every task. Future evaluations should examine how human behavior changes due to external assistance when using these control models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S. Pridham
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Leia Stirling
- Industrial and Operations Engineering, Robotics Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
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27
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Liu T, Bai Y, Wang C, Zhang T, Su R, Wang B, Duan Y, Sun L, Jin Y, Su L. Effects of Probiotics Supplementation on the Intestinal Metabolites, Muscle Fiber Properties, and Meat Quality of Sunit Lamb. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040762. [PMID: 36830552 PMCID: PMC9951964 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of animal husbandry is closely related to the meat quality of small ruminants. Intestinal metabolites and the muscle fiber types of lambs are important factors that affect their meat quality, but few studies have examined the regulation of the "intestinal muscle axis" by probiotics. In this study, 12 Sunit lambs were divided into a control group (C) and a probiotics group (P). The gene expressions of the myosin heavy chain, metabolic enzyme activity, and short-chain fatty acids in the intestines were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that levels of propionic acid and butyric acid in the intestines of group P were significantly higher than in group C (p < 0.05). In addition, probiotics increased the number and area ratio of type I muscle fibers. They also increased the mRNA expression of MyHC IIA and the activity of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Propionic acid was negatively correlated with the number ratio of type IIB muscle fibers. Butyric acid was found to be significantly positively correlated with the number ratio of type IIA muscle fibers. Cooking loss, pH24h, and shear force decreased significantly in group P. In conclusion, intestinal metabolites (SCFAs) altered the activity of oxidative-myofibril-metabolizing enzymes and the expression of myosin heavy-chain type IIA, reduced the meat shear values, and improved meat tenderness. This study provides a new basis for improving the production and meat quality of small ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yanping Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Chenlei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Taiwu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Rina Su
- Inner Mongolia Vocational College of Chemical Engineering, Hohhot 010017, China
| | - Bohui Wang
- Ordos City Inspection and Testing Center, Ordos 017000, China
| | - Yan Duan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lina Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (L.S.); Tel.: +86-13948111209 (Y.J.); +86-13674859101 (L.S.)
| | - Lin Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (L.S.); Tel.: +86-13948111209 (Y.J.); +86-13674859101 (L.S.)
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28
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Visco DB, Manhães de Castro R, da Silva MM, Costa de Santana BJR, Bezerra Gouveia HJC, de Moura Ferraz MLR, de Albuquerque GL, Lacerda DC, de Vasconcelos DAA, Guzman Quevedo O, Toscano AE. Neonatal kaempferol exposure attenuates gait and strength deficits and prevents altered muscle phenotype in a rat model of cerebral palsy. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023; 83:80-97. [PMID: 36342836 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized by brain damage at a critical period of development of the central nervous system, and, as a result, motor, behavioural and learning deficits are observed in those affected. Flavonoids such as kaempferol have demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties for neurological disorders. This study aimed to assess the effects of neonatal treatment with kaempferol on the body development, grip strength, gait performance and morphological and biochemical phenotype of skeletal muscle in rats subjected to a model of CP. The groups were formed by randomly allocating male Wistar rats after birth to four groups as follows: C = control treated with vehicle, K = control treated with kaempferol, CP = CP treated with vehicle and CPK = CP treated with kaempferol. The model of CP involved perinatal anoxia and sensorimotor restriction of the hind paws during infancy, from the second to the 28th day of postnatal life. Treatment with kaempferol (1 mg/kg) was performed intraperitoneally during the neonatal period. Body weight and length, muscle strength, gait kinetics and temporal and spatial parameters were evaluated in the offspring. On the 36th day of postnatal life, the animals were euthanized for soleus muscle dissection. The muscle fibre phenotype was assessed using the myofibrillar ATPase technique, and the muscle protein expression was measured using the Western blot technique. A reduction in the impact of CP on body phenotype was observed, and this also attenuated deficits in muscle strength and gait. Treatment also mitigated the impact on muscle phenotype by preventing a reduction in the proportion of oxidative fibres and in the histomorphometric parameters in the soleus muscle of rats in the CP group. The results demonstrate that neonatal treatment with kaempferol attenuated gait deficits and impaired muscle strength and muscle maturation in rats subjected to a model of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Bulcão Visco
- Laboratory of Neurofunctional, Department of Biological Science and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães de Castro
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Márcia Maria da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Juacy Rodrigues Costa de Santana
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Henrique José Cavalcanti Bezerra Gouveia
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Glayciele Leandro de Albuquerque
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Diego Cabral Lacerda
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Diogo Antonio Alves de Vasconcelos
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Omar Guzman Quevedo
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, Tacámbaro, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Mexico.,Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Yeoh S, Warner WS, Bromberg M, Mahan MA. Retrograde labeling correlates with motor unit number estimation in rapid-stretch nerve injury. Muscle Nerve 2023; 67:169-176. [PMID: 36420650 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Rapid-stretch nerve injuries represent a substantial treatment challenge. No study has examined motor neuron connection after rapid-stretch injury. Our objective in this study was to characterize the electrophysiological properties of graded rapid-stretch nerve injury and assess motor neuron health using retrograde labeling and muscle adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) histology. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice (n = 6 per group) were rapid-stretch injured at four levels of severity: sham injury, stretch within elastic modulus, inelastic deformation, and stretch rupture. Serial compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and motor unit number estimation (MUNE) measurements were made for 48 days, followed by retrograde labeling and muscle ATPase histology. RESULTS Elastic injuries showed no durable abnormalities. Inelastic injury demonstrated profound initial reduction in CMAP and MUNE (P < .036) on day 2, with partial recovery by day 14 after injury (CMAP: 40% baseline, P = .003; MUNE: 55% baseline, P = .033). However, at the experimental endpoint, CMAP had recovered to baseline with only limited improvement in MUNE. Inelastic injury led to reduced retrograde-labeled neurons and grouped fiber type histology. Rupture injury had severe and nonrecovering electrophysiological impairment, dramatically reducing labeled neurons (P = .005), and atrophic or type 1 muscle fibers. There was an excellent correlation between MUNE and retrograde-labeled tibial motor neurons across injury severities (R2 = 0.96). DISCUSSION There was no significant electrophysiological derangement in low-severity injuries but there was recoverable conduction block in inelastic injury with slow recovery, potentially due to collateral sprouting. Rupture injuries yielded permanent failure of injured axons to reinnervate. These results provide insight into the pathophysiology of clinical injuries and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Yeoh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Wesley S Warner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mark Bromberg
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mark A Mahan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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30
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Tang H, Liu D, Zhang H, Fan W, Hu J, Xu Y, Guo Z, Huang W, Hou S, Zhou Z. Genome-wide association studies demonstrate the genes associated with perimysial thickness in ducks. Anim Genet 2023; 54:363-374. [PMID: 36697366 DOI: 10.1111/age.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The thickness of the perimysium has an essential effect on the tenderness of the meat. However, the genetic basis underlying perimysial thickness has not been determined. The objective of this study was to explore the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that influence perimysial thickness in an F2 segregating population generated by Mallard × Pekin duck using the genome-wide association study (GWAS) method. Two QTL identified in chromosomes 27 and 13 displayed significant associations with perimysial thickness traits at the genome-wide level. The strongest association was the QTL located in chromosome 27, and this region had an effect on perimysial thickness and contained a promising candidate gene MAGI3 (Membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing 3). Meanwhile, association analysis showed that the top SNP within the MAGI3 gene was also associated with intramuscular fat content traits, which showed that perimysial thickness was positively correlated with intramuscular fat content. The second strongest association was the QTL region of chromosome 13. SUCLG2 (Succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta) is proximal to the top SNP and stood out as another candidate gene. Furthermore, the Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using Sequencing result showed that some key transcription factors (MYF5, MYOD1, KLF11) related to muscle development or energy metabolism might bind to the open regions of MAGI3 and SUCLG2. By analyzing the expression of different genotypes of the candidate gene, we speculate that different genotypes of MAGI3 may have an effect on breast muscle development, and then affect the thickness of the perimysium. This study maps two major genes of the duck breast muscle perimysial thickness trait, which helps to characterize muscle development and contributes to the genetic improvement of meat yield and quality in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hehe Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dapeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- Shandong Rongda Agricultural Development Co. Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| | - Wenlei Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanbao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuisheng Hou
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengkui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ceglia L, Rivas DA, Schlögl M, Fielding GB, Egli A, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B. Effect of vitamin D 3 vs. calcifediol on VDR concentration and fiber size in skeletal muscle. J Bone Miner Metab 2023; 41:41-51. [PMID: 36385193 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study sought to examine the effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) 3200 IU/d, calcifediol (HyD) 20mcg/d, or placebo on intramyonuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) concentration, muscle fiber cross-sectional area (FCSA), and muscle satellite cell activation. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was conducted on a subset of the VD3 (n = 12), HyD (n = 11), and placebo (n = 13) groups who participated in the 6-month randomized controlled HyD Osteopenia Study in postmenopausal women. Baseline and 6-month vastus lateralis muscle cross sections were probed for VDR, fiber type I and II, and PAX7 (satellite cell marker) using immunofluorescence. RESULTS Baseline mean ± SD age was 61 ± 4 years and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) level was 55.1 ± 22.8 nmol/L. Baseline characteristics did not differ significantly by group. Six-month mean ± SD 25OHD levels were 138.7 ± 22.2 nmol/L (VD3), 206.8 ± 68.8 nmol/L (HyD), and 82.7 ± 36.1 nmol/L (placebo), ANOVA P < 0.001. There were no significant group differences in 6-month change in VDR concentration (ANOVA P = 0.227). Mean ± SD percent 6-month changes in type I FCSA were 20.5 ± 32.7% (VD3), - 6.6 ± 20.4% (HyD), and - 0.3 ± 14.0% (placebo, ANOVA P = 0.022). Type II FCSA or PAX7 concentration did not change significantly by group (all P > 0.358). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated no significant change in intramyonuclear VDR in response to either form of vitamin D vs. placebo. Type I FCSA significantly increased with VD3, but not with HyD at 6 months. As type I fibers are more fatigue resistant than type II, enlargement in type I suggests potential for improved muscle endurance. Although HyD resulted in the highest 25OHD levels, no skeletal muscle benefits were noted at these high levels. CLINICAL TRIAL NCT02527668.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ceglia
- Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
- Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Donato A Rivas
- Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Mathias Schlögl
- Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Grace B Fielding
- Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Andreas Egli
- Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari
- Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Aging Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and City Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bess Dawson-Hughes
- Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
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Jiang S, Quan W, Luo J, Lou A, Zhou X, Li F, Shen QW. Low-protein diets supplemented with glycine improves pig growth performance and meat quality: An untargeted metabolomic analysis. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1170573. [PMID: 37143503 PMCID: PMC10153625 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1170573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For the purpose to improve meat quality, pigs were fed a normal diet (ND), a low protein diet (LPD) and a LPD supplemented with glycine (LPDG). Chemical and metabolomic analyses showed that LPD increased IMF deposition and the activities of GPa and PK, but decreased glycogen content, the activities of CS and CcO, and the abundance of acetyl-CoA, tyrosine and its metabolites in muscle. LPDG promoted muscle fiber transition from type II to type I, increased the synthesis of multiple nonessential amino acids, and pantothenic acid in muscle, which should contributed to the improved meat quality and growth rate. This study provides some new insight into the mechanism of diet induced alteration of animal growth performance and meat quality. In addition, the study shows that dietary supplementation of glycine to LPD could be used to improved meat quality without impairment of animal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwang Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Quan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Aihua Lou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xihong Zhou
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Fengna Li,
| | - Qingwu W. Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Qingwu W. Shen,
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Kawata M, Luziga C, Miyata H, Sugiura T, Wada N. Differential expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms type II in skeletal muscles of polar and black bears. Anat Histol Embryol 2022; 52:363-372. [PMID: 36471656 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the pattern of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms expression in skeletal muscles of the trunk, forelimb and hindlimb in Polar Bear (PB) Ursus maritimus; American Black Bear (AmBB), Ursus americanus and Asian Black Bear (AsBB), Ursus thibetanus was analysed by immunohistochemistry and SDS-PAGE. Results showed that slow (MHC-I) and fast (MHC-II) isoforms exist in muscles of bears. Type II fibres were classified further into Type IIa and IIx in PB but not in AsBB and AmBB. The distribution of Type I and Type II fibres in the trunk, forelimb and hindlimb varied based on muscle type and animal species. The proportions of Type I fibres formed approximately one-third of muscle composition in PB (trunk, 32.0%; forelimb, 34.7%; hindlimb, 34.5%) and a half in both AsBB and AmBB whereas Type IIa and IIx formed approximately two-third in PB (trunk, 68.0%; forelimb, 65.3%; hindlimb, 65.5%) and a half of Type II in both AmBB and AsBB. PB is a good swimmer, lives in Arctic Ocean on slippery ice catching aquatic mammals such as seals and is larger in size compared to the medium sized AmBB (living in forest) and AsBB (arboreal). The results suggest that in bears, there is greater diversity in MHC isoforms II, being expressed in selected fast contracting skeletal muscles in response to variety of environments, weight bearing and locomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutsumi Kawata
- The United Veterinary Graduated School, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi City, Japan
| | - Claudius Luziga
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Pathology, College of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Hirofumi Miyata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takao Sugiura
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Physiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Naomi Wada
- Department of System Physiology, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi City, Japan
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Shi H, Fu J, He Y, Li Z, Kang J, Hu C, Zi X, Liu Y, Zhao J, Dou T, Jia J, Duan Y, Wang K, Ge C. Hyperpigmentation Inhibits Early Skeletal Muscle Development in Tengchong Snow Chicken Breed. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122253. [PMID: 36553521 PMCID: PMC9778309 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tengchong snow, which has white feathers and black meat, is one of the most important black-bone chicken breeds and a genetic treasure of black food in China. Although the black meat traits are dominant, there are some chickens with white meat traits born in the process of folk selection and breeding. The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in skeletal muscle development between Tengchong snow black meat chickens (BS) and white meat chickens (WS), as well as whether excessive melanin deposition has an effect on skeletal muscle development. The BS and WS groups were selected to determine their muscle development difference at stages of 1, 7, 14, 21, and 42 days, using histological stain methods to analyze the development and composing type of breast and leg muscle fibers, as well as the count of melanin in BS muscle fibers. Finally, we were validated key candidate genes associated with muscle development and melanin synthesis. The results showed that BS breast muscle development was inhibited at 7, 14, and 21 days, while the leg muscle was inhibited at 7, 14, 21, and 42 days, compared to WS. Melanin deposition was present in a temporal migration pattern and was greater in the leg muscles than in the breast muscles, and it focused around blood vessels, as well as the epithelium, perimysium, endomysium, and connective tissue. Additionally, melanin produced an inhibitory effect similar to MSTN during skeletal muscle fiber development, and the inhibition was strongest at the stage of melanin entry between muscle fibers, but the precise mechanisms need to be confirmed. This study revealed that melanin has an inhibitory effect on the early development of skeletal muscle, which will provide new insights into the role of melanin in the black-boned chicken and theoretical references for the future conservation and utilization of black-boned chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jing Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zijian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jiajia Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Changjie Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiannian Zi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jinbo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Tengfei Dou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Junjing Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yong Duan
- Kunming Animal Health Supervision, 118 Gulou Road, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Changrong Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Correspondence:
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Katti P, Ajayi PT, Aponte A, Bleck CKE, Glancy B. Identification of evolutionarily conserved regulators of muscle mitochondrial network organization. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6622. [PMID: 36333356 PMCID: PMC9636386 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34445-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial networks provide coordinated energy distribution throughout muscle cells. However, pathways specifying mitochondrial networks are incompletely understood and it is unclear how they might affect contractile fiber-type. Here, we show that natural energetic demands placed on Drosophila melanogaster muscles yield native cell-types among which contractile and mitochondrial network-types are regulated differentially. Proteomic analyses of indirect flight, jump, and leg muscles, together with muscles misexpressing known fiber-type specification factor salm, identified transcription factors H15 and cut as potential mitochondrial network regulators. We demonstrate H15 operates downstream of salm regulating flight muscle contractile and mitochondrial network-type. Conversely, H15 regulates mitochondrial network configuration but not contractile type in jump and leg muscles. Further, we find that cut regulates salm expression in flight muscles and mitochondrial network configuration in leg muscles. These data indicate cell type-specific regulation of muscle mitochondrial network organization through evolutionarily conserved transcription factors cut, salm, and H15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Katti
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Peter T Ajayi
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Angel Aponte
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Christopher K E Bleck
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Brian Glancy
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Lescouzères L, Bordignon B, Bomont P. Development of a high-throughput tailored imaging method in zebrafish to understand and treat neuromuscular diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:956582. [PMID: 36204134 PMCID: PMC9530744 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.956582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a vertebrate species offering multitude of advantages for the study of conserved biological systems in human and has considerably enriched our knowledge in developmental biology and physiology. Being equally important in medical research, the zebrafish has become a critical tool in the fields of diagnosis, gene discovery, disease modeling, and pharmacology-based therapy. Studies on the zebrafish neuromuscular system allowed for deciphering key molecular pathways in this tissue, and established it as a model of choice to study numerous motor neurons, neuromuscular junctions, and muscle diseases. Starting with the similarities of the zebrafish neuromuscular system with the human system, we review disease models associated with the neuromuscular system to focus on current methodologies employed to study them and outline their caveats. In particular, we put in perspective the necessity to develop standardized and high-resolution methodologies that are necessary to deepen our understanding of not only fundamental signaling pathways in a healthy tissue but also the changes leading to disease phenotype outbreaks, and offer templates for high-content screening strategies. While the development of high-throughput methodologies is underway for motility assays, there is no automated approach to quantify the key molecular cues of the neuromuscular junction. Here, we provide a novel high-throughput imaging methodology in the zebrafish that is standardized, highly resolutive, quantitative, and fit for drug screening. By providing a proof of concept for its robustness in identifying novel molecular players and therapeutic drugs in giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) disease, we foresee that this new tool could be useful for both fundamental and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Lescouzères
- ERC Team, Institut NeuroMyoGéne-PGNM, Inserm U1315, CNRS UMR 5261, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Benoît Bordignon
- Montpellier Ressources Imagerie, BioCampus, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascale Bomont
- ERC Team, Institut NeuroMyoGéne-PGNM, Inserm U1315, CNRS UMR 5261, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- *Correspondence: Pascale Bomont,
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Liu YF, Zhang M, Shan YJ, Pang LC, Ji GG, Ju XJ, Tu YJ, Shi SY, Bai H, Zou JM, Shu JT. Transcriptome sequencing analysis of the role of miR-499-5p and SOX6 in chicken skeletal myofiber specification. Front Genet 2022; 13:1008649. [PMID: 36186474 PMCID: PMC9521549 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1008649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) might play critical roles in skeletal myofiber specification. In a previous study, we found that chicken miR-499-5p is specifically expressed in slow-twitch muscle and that its potential target gene is SOX6. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing to investigate the effects of SOX6 and miR-499-5p on the modulation and regulation of chicken muscle fiber type and its regulatory mechanism. The expression levels of miR-499-5p and SOX6 demonstrated opposing trends in different skeletal muscles and were associated with muscle fiber type composition. Differential expression analysis revealed that miR-499-5p overexpression led to significant changes in the expression of 297 genes in chicken primary myoblasts (CPMs). Myofiber type-related genes, including MYH7B and CSRP3, showed expression patterns similar to those in slow-twitch muscle. According to functional enrichment analysis, differentially expressed genes were mostly associated with muscle development and muscle fiber-related processes. SOX6 was identified as the target gene of miR-499-5p in CPM using target gene mining and luciferase reporter assays. SOX6 knockdown resulted in upregulation of the slow myosin genes and downregulation of fast myosin genes. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed that MYH7B and RUNX2 may be the direct targets of SOX6. These results indicated that chicken miR-499-5p may promote slow-twitch muscle fiber formation by repressing SOX6 expression. Our study provides a dataset that can be used as a reference for animal meat quality and human muscle disease studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science Innovation Co., Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science Innovation Co., Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ju Shan
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science Innovation Co., Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li-Chuan Pang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science Innovation Co., Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, China
| | - Gai-Ge Ji
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science Innovation Co., Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Ju
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science Innovation Co., Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Jie Tu
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science Innovation Co., Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Ying Shi
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science Innovation Co., Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Min Zou
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science Innovation Co., Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Ting Shu
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science Innovation Co., Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Ting Shu,
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Li Y, Ma Q, Shi X, Yuan W, Liu G, Wang C. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Slow-Twitch and Fast-Twitch Muscles in Dezhou Donkeys. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1610. [PMID: 36140778 PMCID: PMC9498731 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The skeletal muscle fiber profile is closely related to livestock meat quality. However, the molecular mechanisms determining muscle fiber types in donkeys are not completely understood. In this study, we selected the psoas major muscle (PM; mainly composed of oxidative-type muscle fibers) and biceps femoris muscle (BF; mainly composed of glycolytic-type muscle fibers) and systematically compared their mRNA and microRNA transcriptomes via RNA-seq. We identified a total of 2881 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 21 known differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs). Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly involved in energy metabolism and actin cytoskeleton regulation. The glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway (including up-regulated genes such as PKM, LDHA, PGK1 and ALDOA) was more highly enriched in BF, whereas the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and cardiac muscle contraction (including down-regulated genes such as LDHB, ATP2A2, myosin-7 (MYH7), TNNC1, TPM3 and TNNI1) was more enriched in PM. Additionally, we identified several candidate miRNA-mRNA pairs that might regulate muscle fiber types using the integrated miRNA-mRNA analysis. Combined with the results of protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, some interesting DEGs (including ACTN3, TNNT3, TPM2, TNNC2, PKM, TNNC1 and TNNI1) might be potential candidate target genes involved in the miRNA-mediated regulation of the myofibril composition. This study is the first to indicate that DEmiRs, especially eca-miR-193a-5p and eca-miR-370, and potential candidate target genes that are mainly involved in actin binding (e.g., ACTN3, TNNT3 and TNNC1) and the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways (e.g., PKM) might coregulate the myofibril composition in donkeys. This study may provide useful information for improving meat quality traits in Dezhou donkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Qingshan Ma
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Shi
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Wenmin Yuan
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Guiqin Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
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Dang DS, Zhai C, Nair MN, Thornton KJ, Sawalhah MN, Matarneh SK. Tandem mass tag labeling to assess proteome differences between intermediate and very tender beef steaks. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6652319. [PMID: 35908783 PMCID: PMC9339282 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenderness is considered as one of the most important quality attributes dictating consumers' overall satisfaction and future purchasing decisions of fresh beef. However, the ability to predict and manage tenderness has proven very challenging due to the numerous factors that contribute to variation in end-product tenderness. Proteomic profiling allows for global examination of differentially abundant proteins in the meat and can provide new insight into biological mechanisms related to meat tenderness. Hence, the objective of this study was to examine proteomic profiles of beef longissimus lumborum (LL) steaks varying in tenderness, with the intention to identify potential biomarkers related to tenderness. For this purpose, beef LL muscle samples were collected from 99 carcasses at 0 and 384 h postmortem. Based on Warner-Bratzler shear force values at 384 h, 16 samples with the highest (intermediate tender, IT) and lowest (very tender, VT) values were selected to be used for proteomic analysis in this study (n = 8 per category). Using tandem mass tag-based proteomics, a total of 876 proteins were identified, of which 51 proteins were differentially abundant (P < 0.05) between the tenderness categories and aging periods. The differentially identified proteins encompassed a wide array of biological processes related to muscle contraction, calcium signaling, metabolism, extracellular matrix organization, chaperone, and apoptosis. A greater (P < 0.05) relative abundance of proteins associated with carbohydrate metabolism and apoptosis, and a lower (P < 0.05) relative abundance of proteins involved in muscle contraction was observed in the VT steaks after aging compared with the IT steaks, suggesting that more proteolysis occurred in the VT steaks. This may be explained by the greater (P < 0.05) abundance of chaperonin and calcium-binding proteins in the IT steaks, which could have limited the extent of postmortem proteolysis in these steaks. In addition, a greater (P < 0.05) abundance of connective tissue proteins was also observed in the IT steaks, which likely contributed to the difference in tenderness due to added background toughness. The established proteomic database obtained in this study may provide a reference for future research regarding potential protein biomarkers that are associated with meat tenderness.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Dang
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Chaoyu Zhai
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Mahesh N Nair
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Kara J Thornton
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Mohammed N Sawalhah
- Department of Lands Management and Environment, Prince Al-Hasan Bin Talal Faculty for Natural Resources and Environment, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Sulaiman K Matarneh
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
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Effect of Muscle Fibre Type on the Fatty Acids Profile and Lipid Oxidation of Dry-Cured Venison SM (semimembranosus) Muscle. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142052. [PMID: 35885292 PMCID: PMC9320747 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to describe the effect of fibre type on the fatty acid profile and lipid oxidation observed in dry-cured ham produced from individual semimembranosus venison (roe-deer, fallow deer, deer and wild boar) muscles. The results indicated that wild boar meat was characterised by the highest percentage of IA fibres and it contained the higher percentage of MUFA, but a low of PUFA and SFA, and was characterised by a(n-6)/(n-3) ratio lower than in the case of deer meat and greater susceptibility to oxidative changes. The highest percentage of SFA, and the lowest of MUFA and PUFA, was recorded in fallow deer meat, which was also characterised by the highest percentage of white fibres. The curing and drying processes increased the percentage share of SFA and the susceptibility of muscle lipids to oxidation, decreased the percentage of PUFA, and caused insignificant changes in the (n-6)/(n-3) ratio of fatty acids. The products were also characterised by a low amount of fat.
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NISHIKAWA A, NISHIKAWA A, KAMAJIRI N, OKADA K, IMAGITA H. The Effects of Branched-Chain Amino Acids on the Akt/mTOR Pathway and Nebulin Protein in Joint Fixation-Induced Muscle Atrophy. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2022; 68:112-119. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.68.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Shao M, Shi K, Zhao Q, Duan Y, Shen Y, Tian J, He K, Li D, Yu M, Lu Y, Tang Y, Feng C. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differentially Expressed Genes Associated with Growth in Guangxi Partridge Chickens. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050798. [PMID: 35627183 PMCID: PMC9140345 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Guangxi Partridge chicken is a well-known chicken breed in southern China with good meat quality, which has been bred as a meat breed to satisfy the increased demand of consumers. Compared with line D whose body weight is maintained at the average of the unselected group, the growth rate and weight of the selected chicken group (line S) increased significantly after breeding for four generations. Herein, transcriptome analysis was performed to identify pivotal genes and signal pathways of selective breeding that contributed to potential mechanisms of growth and development under artificial selection pressure. The average body weight of line S chickens was 1.724 kg at 90 d of age, which showed a significant increase at 90 d of age than line D chickens (1.509 kg), although only the internal organ ratios of lung and kidney changed after standardizing by body weight. The myofiber area and myofiber density of thigh muscles were affected by selection to a greater extent than that of breast muscle. We identified 51, 210, 31, 388, and 100 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hypothalamus, pituitary, breast muscle, thigh muscle, and liver between the two lines, respectively. Several key genes were identified in the hypothalamus-pituitary-muscle axis, such as FST, THSB, PTPRJ, CD36, PITX1, PITX2, AMPD1, PRKAB1, PRKAB2, and related genes for muscle development, which were attached to the cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction signaling pathway, the PPAR signaling pathway, and lipid metabolism. However, signaling molecular pathways and the cell community showed that elevated activity in the liver of line S fowl was mainly involved in focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, cell adhesion molecules, and signal transduction. Collectively, muscle development, lipid metabolism, and several signaling pathways played crucial roles in the improving growth performance of Guangxi Partridge chickens under artificial selection for growth rate. These results support further study of the adaptation of birds under selective pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.S.); (K.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (J.T.); (K.H.); (D.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Kai Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.S.); (K.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (J.T.); (K.H.); (D.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Qian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.S.); (K.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (J.T.); (K.H.); (D.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Ying Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.S.); (K.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (J.T.); (K.H.); (D.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yangyang Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.S.); (K.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (J.T.); (K.H.); (D.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Jinjie Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.S.); (K.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (J.T.); (K.H.); (D.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Kun He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.S.); (K.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (J.T.); (K.H.); (D.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Dongfeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.S.); (K.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (J.T.); (K.H.); (D.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Minli Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.S.); (K.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (J.T.); (K.H.); (D.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yangqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Yanfei Tang
- Guangxi Fufeng Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Group Co., Ltd., Nanning 530024, China;
| | - Chungang Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.S.); (K.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (J.T.); (K.H.); (D.L.); (M.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Nie C, Hu Y, Chen R, Guo B, Li L, Chen H, Chen H, Song X. Effect of probiotics and Chinese medicine polysaccharides on meat quality, muscle fibre type and intramuscular fat deposition in lambs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2067489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Nie
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- College of Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Beibei Guo
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaozhen Song
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Santocildes G, Merino M, Fabiani F, Pagès T, Marotta M, Viscor G, Torrella JR. Histomorphological and functional contralateral symmetry in the gastrocnemius muscles of the laboratory rat. J Anat 2022; 241:692-701. [PMID: 35437750 PMCID: PMC9358741 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is usual in anatomical and physiological research to assess the effects of some intervention on extremities (e.g., training programmes or injury recovery protocols) using one muscle for the intervention and its contralateral as control. However, the existence of laterality (left‐handedness or right‐handedness) in athletes of different specialities is widely recognized. In rats, gastrocnemius is one of the muscles most widely used because of its importance in locomotion and high relative limb mass. Since we have not found studies reporting laterality assessment on the morphology and function in rat gastrocnemius, our study aimed to evaluate the fibre histochemical, morphometrical and muscle force contractile properties between right and left gastrocnemius of the laboratory rat. Fibre‐type proportion, fibre morphometrical measurements, muscle capillarization and muscle force properties were analysed in the right and left gastrocnemius of six male rats. No statistically significant differences (p = 0.265) were found in gastrocnemius to body weight ratio (‰) between right (6.55 ± 0.40) and left (6.49 ± 0.40) muscles. The muscles analysed showed a great degree of heterogeneity in fibre type distribution, having three clearly distinguished regions named red, mixed and white. In the three regions, there were no statistical differences in fibre type proportions between right and left gastrocnemius, as is indicated by the p‐values (from 0.203 to 0.941) obtained after running t‐Student paired tests for each fibre type. When analysing fibre cross‐sectional area, individual fibre capillarization and fibre circularity, no significant differences between right and left gastrocnemius in any of these morphometrical parameters were found in any muscle region or fibre type. Most of the p‐values (70%) resulting from running t‐Student paired tests were higher than 0.400, and the lowest p‐value was 0.115. Seemingly, global capillary and fibre densities were not statistically different between right and left sides in all muscle regions with p‐values ranging from 0.337 to 0.812. Force parameters normalized to gastrocnemius mass (mN g−1) did not show any significant difference between right (PF = 74.0 ± 13.4, TF = 219.4 ± 13.0) and left (PF = 70.9 ± 10.7, TF = 213.0 ± 18.0) muscles with p = 0.623 (PF) and p = 0.514 (TF). Twitch time parameters (ms) also lacked significant differences between the two sides (CT: 43.4 ± 8.6 vs. 45.0 ± 14.3, p = 0.639; HRT: 77.6 ± 15.0 vs. 82.3 ± 25.3, p = 0.475). Finally, both muscles also showed similar (p = 0.718) fatigue properties. We did find an absence of laterality at the morphological and functional levels, which raises the possibility of using right and left gastrocnemius muscles interchangeably for experimental designs where one muscle is used to analyse data after a physiological intervention and its contralateral muscle plays the control role, thus allowing unbiased paired comparisons to derive accurate conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garoa Santocildes
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Merino
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federica Fabiani
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Pagès
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario Marotta
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ginés Viscor
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Ramon Torrella
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Liu C, Hou Y, Su R, Luo Y, Dou L, Yang Z, Yao D, Wang B, Zhao L, Su L, Jin Y. Effect of dietary probiotics supplementation on meat quality, volatile flavor compounds, muscle fiber characteristics, and antioxidant capacity in lambs. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:2646-2658. [PMID: 35959277 PMCID: PMC9361438 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of probiotics on growth performance, meat quality, muscle fiber characteristics, volatile compounds, and antioxidant capacity in lambs. A total of 24 Sunit lambs were randomly allocated into two groups, each consisting of three replicates of four lambs. Throughout the experiment period, the lambs were fed with based diet (CON) and 10 g probiotics/d supplemented diet (PRO). Compared with the CON group, the number of lactic acid bacteria in fecal samples of PRO group was significantly increased (p < .05) and the coliforms were significantly decreased (p < .05). Dietary probiotics supplementation decreased pH24h, L*, and shear force (p < .05). The muscle fibers were switched from type IIB to type I, with a decrease in the mean cross‐sectional area (CSA) (p < .05) of longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle. Also, probiotics altered the composition of meat volatile flavor compounds, such as nonanal, undecanal, 1‐pentanol, 1‐hexanol, and 2,3‐octanedione. In addition, probiotics increased the total antioxidative capacity (T‐AOC) and catalase (CAT) activity of LT muscle, while it decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p < .05). Overall, these results indicated that probiotics could be used as an effective feed additive by improving meat tenderness and flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China
| | - Yanru Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China
- School of Food and Wine Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Rina Su
- Inner Mongolia Vocational college of Chemical Engineering Hohhot China
| | - Yulong Luo
- School of Food and Wine Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Lu Dou
- College of Food Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China
| | - Zhihao Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China
| | - Duo Yao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China
| | - Bohui Wang
- Ordos City Inspection and Testing Center Ordos China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China
| | - Lin Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China
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Lee SH, Kim S, Kim JM. Genetic correlation between biopsied and post-mortem muscle fibre characteristics and meat quality traits in swine. Meat Sci 2022; 186:108735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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The Muscle Fibre Characteristics and the Meat Quality of M. Longissimus Thoracis from Polish Native Złotnicka Spotted Pigs and the Crossbreed Fatteners from the Crossing of Duroc and Polish Large White Boars. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the investigations were to assess the meat raw material of the domestic Złotnicka Spotted swine breed as well as its hybrids with Duroc and Polish Large White breeds with respect to quality, technological usefulness, and muscle fibre composition and structure. The suitability of individual swine genetic groups (Złotnicka Spotted × Złotnicka Spotted, Złotnicka Spotted × Duroc, Złotnicka Spotted × Polish Large White, Złotnicka Spotted × Złotnicka Spotted/Duroc) for the production of heavy fatteners which can be used as slaughter raw material to manufacture raw and raw-ripening meat products was ascertained. Złotnicka Spotted pigs were characterised by a statistically significantly smaller proportion of IIB fibres and a higher share of I and IIA fibres in the longissimus thoracis muscle in comparison to the hybrids of this breed with Duroc and Polish Large White breeds. The diameter of all muscle fibre types in the longissimus thoracis muscle of the Złotnicka Spotted breed was greater than in hybrids. No statistically significant differences were found between the parameters of colour and the free drip and the water absorbability of the loin of the Złotnicka Spotted breed pigs and their hybrids with Duroc and Polish Large White breeds. The examined meat was characterised by a small free drip and good water absorbability. The hybrid pigs (Złotnicka Spotted x Duroc) were characterised by the highest content of intramuscular fat (IMF) in the longissimus thoracis muscle, which resulted in the lowest sheer force of roasted loin and the lowest thermal drip compared to other hybrids. Smoked, raw loin obtained from the longissimus thoracis muscle of the Złotnicka Spotted breed was found to be the most tender, whereas tenderness of the identical loin derived from the longissimus thoracis muscle of the Złotnicka Spotted bred hybrids with the Duroc and Polish Large White breeds was poorer. Due to the small headage of the Złotnicka Spotted breed, the appropriate numbers of fatteners of good meat quality parameters suitable to manufacture raw, ripening meat products can only be secured by the crossing of this breed with other meat breeds. Therefore, it appears that crossing the Złotnicka Spotted pigs with Duroc pigs would be a suitable solution.
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Lebedová N, Bureš D, Needham T, Fořtová J, Řehák D, Bartoň L. Histological composition, physiochemical parameters, and organoleptic properties of three muscles from Fleckvieh bulls and heifers. Meat Sci 2022; 188:108807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kumagai H, Natsume T, Kim SJ, Tobina T, Miyamoto-Mikami E, Shiose K, Ichinoseki-Sekine N, Kakigi R, Tsuzuki T, Miller B, Yen K, Murakami H, Miyachi M, Zempo H, Dobashi S, Machida S, Kobayashi H, Naito H, Cohen P, Fuku N. The MOTS-c K14Q polymorphism in the mtDNA is associated with muscle fiber composition and muscular performance. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130048. [PMID: 34728329 PMCID: PMC8741734 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.130048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Human skeletal muscle fiber is heterogenous due to its diversity of slow- and fast-twitch fibers. In human, slow-twitched fiber gene expression is correlated to MOTS-c, a mitochondria-derived peptide that has been characterized as an exercise mimetic. Within the MOTS-c open reading frame, there is an East Asian-specific m.1382A>C polymorphism (rs111033358) that changes the 14th amino acid of MOTS-c (i.e., K14Q), a variant of MOTS-c that has less biological activity. Here, we examined the influence of the m.1382A>C polymorphism causing MOTS-c K14Q on skeletal muscle fiber composition and physical performance. The myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms (MHC-I, MHC-IIa, and MHC-IIx) as an indicator of muscle fiber composition were assessed in 211 Japanese healthy individuals (102 men and 109 women). Muscular strength was measured in 86 physically active young Japanese men by using an isokinetic dynamometer. The allele frequency of the m.1382A>C polymorphism was assessed in 721 Japanese athletes and 873 ethnicity-matched controls. The m.1382A>C polymorphism genotype was analyzed by TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay. Individuals with the C allele of the m.1382A>C exhibited a higher proportion of MHC-IIx, an index of fast-twitched fiber, than the A allele carriers. Men with the C allele of m.1382A>C exhibited significantly higher peak torques of leg flexion and extension. Furthermore, the C allele frequency was higher in the order of sprint/power athletes (6.5%), controls (5.1%), and endurance athletes (2.9%). Additionally, young male mice were injected with the MOTS-c neutralizing antibody once a week for four weeks to mimic the C allele of the m.1382A>C and assessed for protein expression levels of MHC-fast and MHC-slow. Mice injected with MOTS-c neutralizing antibody showed a higher expression of MHC-fast than the control mice. These results suggest that the C allele of the East Asian-specific m.1382A>C polymorphism leads to the MOTS-c K14Q contributes to the sprint/power performance through regulating skeletal muscle fiber composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kumagai
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan; The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, California, USA
| | | | - Su-Jeong Kim
- The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, California, USA
| | - Takuro Tobina
- Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Eri Miyamoto-Mikami
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shiose
- Faculty of Education, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Noriko Ichinoseki-Sekine
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan; Faculty of Liberal Arts, The Open University of Japan, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryo Kakigi
- Faculty of Management and Information Sciences, Josai International University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Brendan Miller
- The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, California, USA
| | - Kelvin Yen
- The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, California, USA
| | - Haruka Murakami
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | | | - Hirofumi Zempo
- Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo Seiei College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Dobashi
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuichi Machida
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan; Department of General Medicine, Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, California, USA
| | - Noriyuki Fuku
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.
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Nitzsche N, Siebert T, Schulz H, Stutzig N. Effect of plyometric training on dynamic leg strength and jumping performance in rhythmic gymnastics: A preliminary study. ISOKINET EXERC SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/ies-210148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Reactive performance is an important component of rhythmic gymnastics. So far, it is unclear whether additional plyometric training in female gymnasts shows an increase in performance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the effect of additional plyometric training in rhythmic gymnastics on the reactive jumping performance and strength of the lower leg muscles. METHODS: Fifteen rhythmic gymnasts (age: 12.3 ± 2.6 years, height: 1.47 ± 0.12 m, body weight: 37.3 ± 9.3 kg, BMI: 16.7 ± 2.1 kg*m-2; competition level: national and international championships, Tanner stages I–III) participated in the study. The athletes were assigned to an experimental (EG) and a control group (CG). The EG performed plyometric exercises three times per week in addition to the regular training. Before and after six weeks of training the reactive jump performance, the work of dorsi flexors and plantar flexors performed during isokinetic plantarflexion, as well as the performance in two sport-specific tests were measured. RESULTS: In contrast to the CG, in the EG the jump height (pre: 24.8; post: 27.25 cm; p< 0.05) and the reactive-strength-index (pre: 1.01; post: 1.19; p< 0.01) increased significantly. The EG achieved significant improvements in the counter movement jump test (pre: 27.0 cm; post: 31.5 cm; p< 0.01) and in the sport specific double rope jump test (jumps per minute, pre: 18.0; post: 23.0; p< 0.01). Furthermore, a significant increase in work performed during plantarflexion was found in the EG for the right leg (pre: 24.9 J; post: 29.7 J; p< 0.01) and a tendency to increase for the left leg (pre: 26.4 J; post: 37.7 J; p= 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both reactive strength and dynamic force can be efficiently increased by plyometric training. It may be recommended to include plyometric exercises in the training regime of rhythmic gymnasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Nitzsche
- Department of Sports Medicine/Sports Biology, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Tobias Siebert
- Department of Motion and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport and Movement Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Henry Schulz
- Department of Sports Medicine/Sports Biology, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Norman Stutzig
- Department of Motion and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport and Movement Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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