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Goagoses N, Wippermann L, Gotthardt AC, Koesling EM, von Düring U. Alcohol and Cannabis Use by Adolescents with Special Educational Needs: A Systematic Review Focused on Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:1921-1929. [PMID: 39164954 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2392501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Aim: As most substance use prevention programs are offered at school, it is important to explore which group of students might be at increased risk. Both researchers and educators have often maintained that students with special educational needs due to emotional and behavioral disorders (SENs-EBD) are particularly vulnerable. Hence, the aim of the current systematic review was to examine the alcohol and cannabis use by students with SENs-EBD in comparison to students without SENs or other types of SENs. Methods: Adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, the review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023375799) and search terms were entered in Web of Science, Scopus, ERIC, and PubMed in December 2022. Publications were required to report on empirical quantitative studies (primary data) that assessed alcohol and/or cannabis use by adolescent students with SENs-EBD and a comparison group, and be published in English-language journal articles, conference papers, or book chapters from 2000 onwards. The QuADS tool was used for quality assessment. Results: Based on these criteria, six articles (sample sizes N = 61 to N = 122,180) were included for the thematic narrative synthesis. The studies revealed that the percentage of students with SENs-EBD consuming alcohol and cannabis was higher compared to students who did not have SENs or attended mainstream schools. Conclusion: The small number of heterogeneous studies, with limitations concerning the sample size, missing effect sizes, and influence of control variables, demonstrates the need for more research. The systematic review provides guidance for such future research endeavors, as well as preliminary notions for practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naska Goagoses
- Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, School of Educational and Social Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Lara Wippermann
- Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, School of Educational and Social Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Cathrin Gotthardt
- Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, School of Educational and Social Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ella-Marie Koesling
- Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, School of Educational and Social Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ute von Düring
- Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, School of Educational and Social Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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Wang L, Zhang T, Huang W, Gou L, Zhong M, Liu Q, Liu Y. How to reduce anxiety symptoms through individual sport in youth: A longitudinal study over 8-month observation. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241258736. [PMID: 38895545 PMCID: PMC11185022 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241258736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anxiety symptoms are widely observed among the youth, and engagement in sports has been demonstrated to mitigate these symptoms. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of specific sports and the potential moderating role of psychological factors, such as self-esteem and self-efficacy, on the influence of sports on anxiety, remains to be elucidated. This study was designed to longitudinally assess the impact of sports participation on anxiety symptoms among young individuals. Methods The study encompassed 163 university students, with a male predominance of 81.6%, and explored the influence of sport-related factors (such as mastery of table tennis skills, level and engagement) and psychological aspects (including self-efficacy, self-esteem and resilience) on anxiety symptoms, employing an 8-month longitudinal approach. Physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviour, along with age, body mass index (BMI), and sex, were accounted for as confounding variables. Results The study found that high table tennis performance score was found to buffer the development of anxiety symptoms in students with decreased self-esteem in an exploratory moderation model. Self-esteem and self-efficacy were negatively associated with the development of anxiety symptoms, whereas physical activity factors did not have a direct effect. Conclusion This study highlights the potential of table tennis as a form of sport to alleviate anxiety symptoms in university students, particularly among those with decreased self-esteem. Future research should address the study's limitations and explore the potential moderating effects of other psychological factors. Overall, these findings suggest a potential new approach to treating anxiety symptoms among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Sports Department, Guilin University of Electronic Science and Technology, Guilin, China
- Sport and Health Science, Faculty of Life & Environmental, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tianle Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Weihao Huang
- Sports Department, Guilin University of Electronic Science and Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Leyuan Gou
- Sports Department, Guilin University of Electronic Science and Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Sport and Health Science, Faculty of Life & Environmental, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Qiaohan Liu
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Life & Environmental Sciences University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Yihao Liu
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Life & Environmental Sciences University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Neppl TK, Diggs ON, Neppl AK, Denburg NL. Adolescent predictors of psychiatric disorders in adulthood: The role of emotional distress and problem drinking in emerging adulthood. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:799-809. [PMID: 36847258 PMCID: PMC10460462 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated risk factors in adolescence on problem drinking and emotional distress in late adolescence and emerging adulthood, and meeting criteria for diagnosed disorders in adulthood. The study included 501 parents and their adolescent who participated from middle adolescence to adulthood. Risk factors in middle adolescence (age 18) included parent alcohol use, adolescent alcohol use, and parent and adolescent emotional distress. In late adolescence (age 18), binge drinking and emotional distress were assessed, and in emerging adulthood (age 25), alcohol problems and emotional distress were examined. Meeting criteria for substance use, behavioral, affective, or anxiety disorders were examined between the ages of 26 and 31. Results showed parent alcohol use predicted substance use disorder through late adolescent binge drinking and emerging adulthood alcohol problems. Behavioral disorders were indirectly predicted by adolescent and emerging adult emotional distress. Affective disorders were indirectly predicted by parent emotional distress through adolescent emotional distress. Finally, anxiety disorders were predicted by parent alcohol use via adolescent drinking; parent emotional distress via adolescent emotional distress, and through adolescent alcohol use and emotional distress. Results provided support for the intergenerational transmission of problem drinking and emotional distress on meeting criteria for diagnosed psychiatric disorders in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia K Neppl
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Olivia N Diggs
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ashlyn K Neppl
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Natalie L Denburg
- Departments of Neurology and Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Smalley Z, Livanou M, Dalton B, Patsalos O, Wilks J, Keeler JL, Treasure J, Schmidt U, Hill G, Himmerich H. Exploring Alcohol-Related Behaviours in an Adult Sample with Anorexia Nervosa and Those in Recovery. Nutrients 2024; 16:732. [PMID: 38474860 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
While individuals with Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED) often present with a higher rate of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) than the general population, it is unclear whether this extends to AN. This cross-sectional study examined differences in alcohol-related behaviours, measured using the Alcohol Use Identification Test (AUDIT), between AN participants (n = 58), recovered AN (rec-AN) participants (n = 25), and healthy controls (n = 57). Statistical models controlled for age and ethnicity. The relationship between alcohol-related behaviours with ED psychopathology and with depression was also assessed. The findings indicated that acute AN participants were not at greater risk of AUD than healthy controls. However, rec-AN participants displayed greater total audit scores than those with acute AN, and more alcohol-related behaviours than healthy controls. Acute AN participants consumed significantly less alcohol than both the healthy control group and rec-AN group. No associations were found between ED psychopathology and alcohol-related behaviours in the AN group or rec-AN. This highlights alcohol as a potential coping mechanism following AN recovery. Clinicians should consider assessments for AUD and targeted interventions aimed at encouraging healthy coping mechanisms in this group. Future studies should look at alcohol use as a moderating factor for AN recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Smalley
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Maria Livanou
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Bethan Dalton
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Olivia Patsalos
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Jessica Wilks
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Johanna Louise Keeler
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Janet Treasure
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent BR3 3BC, UK
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent BR3 3BC, UK
| | - Grace Hill
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Hubertus Himmerich
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent BR3 3BC, UK
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Jackson K, Kaner E, Hanratty B, Gilvarry E, Yardley L, O'Donnell A. Understanding people's experiences of the formal health and social care system for co-occurring heavy alcohol use and depression through the lens of relational autonomy: A qualitative study. Addiction 2024; 119:268-280. [PMID: 37778755 DOI: 10.1111/add.16350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Heavy alcohol use and depression commonly co-occur. However, health and social care services rarely provide coordinated support for these conditions. Using relational autonomy, which recognizes how social and economic contexts and relational support alter people's capacity for agency, this study aimed to (1) explore how people experience formal care provision for co-occurring alcohol use and depression, (2) consider how this context could lead to adverse outcomes for individuals and (3) understand the implications of these experiences for future policy and practice. DESIGN Semi-structured qualitative interviews underpinned by the methodology of interpretive description. SETTING North East and North Cumbria, UK. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-nine people (21 men and 18 women) with current or recent experience of co-occurring heavy alcohol use ([Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT] score ≥ 8]) and depression ([Patient Health Questionnaire test ≥ 5] screening tools to give an indication of their current levels of alcohol use and mental score). MEASUREMENTS Semi-structured interview guide supported in-depth exploration of the treatment and care people had sought and received for heavy alcohol use and depression. FINDINGS Most participants perceived depression as a key factor contributing to their heavy alcohol use. Three key themes were identified: (1) 'lack of recognition' of a relationship between alcohol use and depression and/or contexts that limit people's capacity to access help, (2) having 'nowhere to go' to access relevant treatment and care and (3) 'supporting relational autonomy' as opposed to assuming that individuals can organize their own care and recovery. Lack of access to appropriate treatment and provision that disregards individuals' differential capacity for agency may contribute to delays in help-seeking, increased distress and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS Among people with co-occurring heavy alcohol use and depression, lack of recognition of a relationship between alcohol use and depression and formal care provision that does not acknowledge people's social and economic context, including their intrinsic need for relational support, may contribute to distress and limit their capacity to get well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Jackson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Eileen Kaner
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Barbara Hanratty
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Eilish Gilvarry
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lucy Yardley
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Amy O'Donnell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Alsarrani A, Hunter RF, Dunne L, Garcia L. Association between friendship quality and subjective wellbeing among adolescents: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2420. [PMID: 36564745 PMCID: PMC9784006 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social integration with friends has an important role in shaping adolescents' behavior and determining their wellbeing. Friendship features such as companionship, trust, closeness, intimacy, and conflicts all form the concept of friendship quality. The quality of friendships can either enhance or impede mental development during adolescence. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to understand the association between friendship quality and adolescents' mental wellbeing. METHODS In November 2020 and later in August 2022, the search for evidence was conducted on five databases (Medline, Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, and PsycINFO). Only peer-reviewed quantitative studies published from January 2000 to August 2022 that investigated friendship quality as their exposure variable in relation to six constructs of subjective wellbeing (mood, loneliness, life satisfaction, happiness, self-esteem, and subjective wellbeing) were included. After screening for eligibility, two reviewers independently extracted the data based on population characteristics, study design, exposure and outcome variables, outcome measures used, and results. Risk of bias assessment was performed utilizing the NIH Quality Assessment Tool. Narrative evidence synthesis was performed based on the constructs of subjective wellbeing. RESULTS Forty-three articles out of 21,585 records were included in the review. The relationship between friendship quality and depression has been investigated extensively in the literature and negative (beneficial) associations were found in eighteen studies out of twenty-three. Poor peer relationship was associated with loneliness in nine studies out of ten. All seven studies on life satisfaction and quality of peer connection found a positive association. In five studies, better peer relationship was found to be associated with happiness. A positive association between friendship quality and self-esteem was observed in five out of six applicable studies. Friendship quality was found to be positively associated with subjective well-being in all of five included studies. CONCLUSIONS Although majority of the included studies were cross-sectional in nature, this review demonstrates the paramount value of promoting healthy friendship to adolescents' subjective wellbeing constructs. Interventions that aim to promote subjective wellbeing among adolescents should consider the development and maintenance of healthy friendships. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020219312.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alsarrani
- grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521Center for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BA Northern Ireland, UK ,grid.412892.40000 0004 1754 9358College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruth F. Hunter
- grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521Center for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BA Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Laura Dunne
- grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521School of Social Sciences, Education, and Social Work, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Leandro Garcia
- grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521Center for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BA Northern Ireland, UK
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Smedbråten K, Grotle M, Jahre H, Richardsen KR, Småstuen MC, Skillgate E, Øiestad BE. Lifestyle behaviour in adolescence and musculoskeletal pain 11 years later: The Trøndelag Health Study. Eur J Pain 2022; 26:1910-1922. [PMID: 35851511 PMCID: PMC9545098 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background There is limited knowledge on the association between lifestyle behaviour in adolescence and musculoskeletal pain in young adulthood. This study aimed to investigate whether an accumulation of adverse lifestyle behaviours in adolescents with and without musculoskeletal pain at baseline, was associated with persistent musculoskeletal pain (pain duration ≥3 consecutive months the last year) 11 years later. Methods Longitudinal data from the Trøndelag Health Study in Norway including 1824 adolescents (13–19 years old) was analysed. The outcome was persistent musculoskeletal pain (≥3 months). The number of adverse lifestyle behaviours (low physical activity level, sleep problems, insufficient fruit/vegetables consumption, smoking, frequent alcohol intoxication [drunkenness] and/or illicit drug use) were summed up to comprise an ordinal variable and analysed with 0 or 1 adverse behaviours as the reference. Multiple logistic regression analyses, stratified by individuals with and without baseline musculoskeletal pain, were conducted. The results were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results In adolescents with musculoskeletal pain at baseline, reporting ≥ four adverse lifestyle behaviours increased the odds of persistent musculoskeletal pain (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.36, 3.66) 11 years later. Two and three adverse behaviours were not associated with future persistent musculoskeletal pain. In adolescents without musculoskeletal pain at baseline, an accumulation of adverse lifestyle behaviours was not associated with future persistent musculoskeletal pain. Conclusion An accumulation of adverse lifestyle behaviours in adolescents with musculoskeletal pain at baseline was associated with persistent musculoskeletal pain 11 years later, but not in adolescents without musculoskeletal pain at baseline. Significance An accumulation of four or more adverse lifestyle behaviours in adolescents with musculoskeletal pain was associated with persistent musculoskeletal pain in young adulthood. In future health care of adolescents with musculoskeletal pain, lifestyle behaviours should be assessed, with emphasis on accumulation of multiple adverse lifestyle behaviours. Focusing on an accumulation of multiple adverse lifestyle behaviours, rather than each individual behaviour, might provide a potential area for future research and interventions targeting musculoskeletal pain in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Smedbråten
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan University Norway
| | - M. Grotle
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan University Norway
- Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health Oslo University Hospital Norway
| | - H. Jahre
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan University Norway
| | - K. R. Richardsen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan University Norway
| | - M. C. Småstuen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan University Norway
| | - E. Skillgate
- Musculoskeletal & Sports Injury Epidemiology Center Sophiahemmet University Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Sweden
| | - B. E. Øiestad
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan University Norway
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Duko B, Pereira G, Tait RJ, Bedaso A, Newnham J, Betts K, Alati R. Prenatal alcohol exposure and offspring subsequent alcohol use: A systematic review. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 232:109324. [PMID: 35077957 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal alcohol exposure has been found to be associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes in postnatal life, but the evidence is equivocal as to whether such exposure increases the risk of subsequent alcohol use in the offspring. We systematically reviewed the literature on the association between prenatal alcohol exposure and subsequent alcohol use in the offspring. METHODS Relevant primary studies were identified via systematic search of PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, EMBASE and Psych-INFO databases. Articles were also retrieved by reviewing reference lists of the identified studies. Literature searches did not have language and date limits but were restricted to human studies. The revised Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the studies included in this review. The protocol of this study was prospectively registered in the PROSPERO. RESULTS Twelve observational studies, published between 1998 and 2020, were included in the final review. Eight studies (66.7%) reported an increased risk of alcohol use or increased level of alcohol drinking, two studies (16.7%) reported an increased risk of alcohol use disorder and one study (8.3%) reported an increased odds of alcohol sipping in offspring exposed to maternal prenatal alcohol use compared to non-exposed. However, one study (8.3%) reported insufficient statistical evidence for an association between prenatal alcohol exposure and offspring subsequent alcohol use. However, it should be noted that the large amount of variability across studies included in this review may limit more conclusive inference. CONCLUSION The findings of this review suggest a positive link between prenatal alcohol exposure and offspring's subsequent alcohol use. However, further mechanistic studies that allow stronger causal inference are warranted to further elucidate specific causal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bereket Duko
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Gavin Pereira
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; Centre for Fertility and Health (CeFH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; enAble Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Robert J Tait
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, 7 Parker Place Building 609, Level 2 Technology Park, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Asres Bedaso
- Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - John Newnham
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 17 Monash Ave, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kim Betts
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Rosa Alati
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; Institute for Social Sciences Research, The University of Queensland, 80 Meier's Rd, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068 Australia
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Green KM, Reboussin BA, Storr CL, Mojtabai R, Susukida R, Young AS, Cullen B, Luken A, Amin-Esmaeili M, Crum RM. Impact of Early, Weekly Drinking on Latent Classes of Alcohol Involvement Progression and Recovery: Evidence from the NESARC Waves 1 and 2. Addict Behav Rep 2022; 15:100410. [PMID: 35146117 PMCID: PMC8816649 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2022.100410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Weekly drinking before age 18 seems to impact alcohol progression over time. For females, extreme transitions from no problems to severe problems were impacted. For males, transitions from moderate to severe alcohol problems were impacted. Early, weekly drinking also predicted increased recovery for males.
Introduction Early drinkers have been found to have higher risk of developing alcohol use disorder; however, the association of early drinking with progression to problematic alcohol involvement that does not meet disorder criteria (i.e., subclinical problems) or to severe stages of alcohol involvement, sex-specific associations, and relationship of early drinking with alcohol recovery have rarely been investigated. Methods Using data from Waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), we applied latent transition analyses to investigate the impact of weekly drinking before age 18 on alcohol progression and recovery operationalized as three classes of alcohol involvement using abuse and dependence indicators. We analyzed data separately for male (n = 12,276) and female (n = 14,750) drinkers and applied propensity score methods to address confounding. Results We observed significant associations between early, weekly drinking and alcohol involvement class membership at Wave 1 for both males and females. For males, early, weekly drinking was also associated with greater odds of transitioning from moderate to severe alcohol problems (aOR = 3.19, 95% CI = 1.72, 5.35). For females, early, weekly drinking predicted the transition from no to severe problems (aOR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.11–8.00). Contrary to our hypothesis, early, weekly drinking was associated with greater likelihood of transition from severe to no problems for males (aOR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.26, 8.26). Discussion Frequent, early drinking seems to be an important indicator of drinking progression with differential associations by sex. This information is useful to identify those at greater risk of progressing to severe drinking problems to intervene appropriately.
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Cheng HG, Edwards AC. Major depressive symptoms and escalation of drinking among new drinkers in the United States: Variations across sex and age groups. Addict Behav 2021; 122:107017. [PMID: 34146797 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy episodic drinking is common in the United States (US) and causes substantial burden to individuals and the society. The transition from first drinking to first heavy drinking episode is a major milestone in the escalation of drinking. There is limited evidence about whether major depressive symptoms predict the progression from drinking to heavy drinking and potential variations across age, sex, and depressive symptoms. In this study, we aim to estimate the association between history of major depressive symptoms and the risk of first heavy drinking episode among new drinkers in the US. METHODS Study population was US non-institutionalized civilian new drinkers 12 years of age and older who had their first drink during the past 12 months drawn from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. History of major depressive symptoms and alcohol drinking behaviors were assessed via audio-computer-assisted self-interviews. Logistic regressions and structural equation modeling were used for analysis. RESULTS Depressed mood and/or anhedonia predicted the transition from the first drink to a heavy drinking episode among underage female new drinkers, whereas null associations were found among males and female new drinkers who had their first drink at 21 and later. Among new drinkers with depressed mood and/or anhedonia, low mood or energy positively predicted the progression to a heavy drinking episode among late-adolescent boys, but negatively among late-adolescent girls; neurovegetative symptoms positively predicted the progression to a heavy drinking episode among young adult new drinkers. CONCLUSIONS The relationships linking major depressive symptoms and the transition from drinking to first heavy drinking episode vary across age, sex, and depressive symptoms.
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Meier MH, Beardslee J, Pardini D. Associations between Recent and Cumulative Cannabis Use and Internalizing Problems in Boys from Adolescence to Young Adulthood. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 48:771-782. [PMID: 32219606 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-020-00641-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study tested whether increases in recent and cumulative cannabis use were each associated with increases in internalizing problems from adolescence to young adulthood. Participants were boys from a community sample that was assessed annually from ~age 15-26 (N = 506). Boys reported on their cannabis use, depression symptoms, and anxiety/depression problems each year. Exposures were frequency of cannabis use in a given year (no use, < weekly use, weekly or more frequent use) and cumulative prior years of weekly cannabis use. Outcomes were depression symptoms and anxiety/depression problems in a given year. Analyses examined within-person associations between changes in exposures and outcomes over time, which eliminated "fixed" (unchanging) individual differences as potential confounds. Analyses also accounted for time-varying factors as potential confounds (other substance use, externalizing problems, subclinical psychotic symptoms). Results showed that increases in recent cannabis use and cumulative prior years of weekly cannabis use were each associated with increases in depression symptoms and anxiety/depression problems. After controlling for time-varying covariates, increases in cumulative prior years of weekly cannabis use, but not recent cannabis use, remained associated with increases in depression symptoms and anxiety/depression problems. Specifically, each additional year of prior weekly cannabis use was associated with a small increase in depression symptoms (b = 0.012, p = .005) and anxiety/depression problems (b = 0.009, p = .001). Associations did not vary systematically across time. There was also no evidence of reverse causation. As boys engaged in weekly cannabis use for more years, they showed increases in internalizing problems, suggesting the importance of preventing chronic weekly cannabis use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline H Meier
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1104, USA.
| | - Jordan Beardslee
- Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Dustin Pardini
- Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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12
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Synowski J, Weiss HA, Velleman R, Patel V, Nadkarni A. A lay-counsellor delivered brief psychological treatment for men with comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder and depression in primary care: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 227:108961. [PMID: 34428630 PMCID: PMC8504199 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the feasibility, acceptability, safety, and preliminary effectiveness of the Counselling for Alcohol Problems (CAP) psychological intervention delivered by non-specialist health workers (NSHW) to participants with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and comorbid depression in primary care. METHODS We used data from a single blind randomised controlled trial conducted in ten primary health care centres in Goa, India. Adult male harmful or dependent drinkers with or without depression were randomized (1:1) to receive either CAP & enhanced usual care (EUC) or EUC only. Process indicators such as the number of completed counselling sessions were assessed and compared between comorbid and non-comorbid participants. Remission from AUD and depression along with abstinence were measured at 3 and 12 months post randomisation. Analyses were on an intention-to-treat basis, employing multivariable regression analyses. RESULTS 271 participants had symptoms of comorbid depression; 241 did not. Both groups completed a similar number of counselling sessions (adjusted Mean Difference 0.05, 95 %CI -0.24-0.34;p = 0.72). Among comorbid participants, CAP did not lead to more frequent adverse events compared to EUC only (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 0.84, 0.43-1.64;p = 0.62), and there was no evidence for an effect of CAP on remission from AUD or depression at 3 months (aOR 1.51, 0.84-2.74;p = 0.17 and aOR 0.74, 0.43-1.27;p = 0.28) and 12 months follow-up, respectively (aOR 1.69, 0.96-3.01;p = 0.08 and aOR 1.08, 0.62-1.87;p = 0.79). CONCLUSIONS Brief therapies like CAP can be safely delivered by NSHWs to patients with comorbid AUD and depression, but their effectiveness may be limited and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Synowski
- Sangath, House no. 451 (168), Socorro Village, Bardez-Goa, Goa, 403501, India,Charité – Universitätsmedizin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Helen A. Weiss
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Richard Velleman
- Sangath, House no. 451 (168), Socorro Village, Bardez-Goa, Goa, 403501, India,Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Vikram Patel
- Sangath, House no. 451 (168), Socorro Village, Bardez-Goa, Goa, 403501, India,London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK,Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abhijit Nadkarni
- Sangath, House no. 451 (168), Socorro Village, Bardez-Goa, Goa, 403501, India; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
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13
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Najman JM, Clare PJ, Kypri K, Aiken A, Wadolowski M, Hutchinson D, Slade T, Bruno R, Vogl L, Degenhardt L, Mattick RP. Gender differences in the supply of alcohol to adolescent daughters and sons. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2021; 47:508-520. [PMID: 34383569 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2021.1927066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Parents are the main supplier of alcohol to children but it is not known whether mothers and fathers equally contribute to the supply of alcohol to their female and male children as these children transition to adulthood.Objectives: i) to determine whether the gender of the parent is associated with the gender of the adolescent offspring when alcohol is supplied and ii) whether the gender of the parent supplying is associated with gender differences in adolescent binge drinking and alcohol related harms.Methods: Longitudinal cohort of 1,927 (males = 1052) Australian adolescents (mean age 12.9 years), recruited in 2010/11 from schools in Australia and surveyed annually for six years. We assessed the association between adolescent and parent gender related to subsequent adolescent drinking, binge drinking (>4 standard drinks), and alcohol-related harms.Results: At mean age of 12.9 years about one in ten children report parental supply of alcohol which increases to about four in ten children by 17.8 years. Mothers consistently more often supply their daughters with alcohol than their sons, [Wave 5 OR 1.77 (1.53,2.05)], while mothers less often supply sons than their daughters, [Wave 5 OR 0.82 (0.71,0.95)]. Mothers' supply of alcohol to daughters predicts substantially increased odds of daughters binge drinking, [OR 1.67 (1.10,2.53)] and experiencing alcohol related harms, [OR 1.65 (1.10,2.48)].Conclusion: There is a need to involve both mothers and fathers and to equally target female and male children in programs to reduce the harmful consequences of parental supply of alcohol to their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackob M Najman
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Philip J Clare
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
| | - Kypros Kypri
- School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Alexandra Aiken
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
| | - Monika Wadolowski
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
| | | | - Tim Slade
- School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Raimondo Bruno
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Laura Vogl
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
| | - Richard P Mattick
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
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14
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Associations of alcohol use, mental health and socioeconomic status in England: Findings from a representative population survey. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 219:108463. [PMID: 33421804 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use and mental health problems often co-occur, however, little is known about how this varies by type of mental health problem and to what extent associations are explained by socioeconomic status (SES). Our study examined the prevalence and associations of non-drinking, hazardous use, and harmful/probable dependence in individuals who do and do not meet criteria for different mental health problems and whether associations remained after adjustment for SES. METHODS A secondary analysis of an English dataset, 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (N = 7,218), was conducted. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to categorise participants as non-drinking, low risk, hazardous use and harmful/probable dependence. Mental health problems were screened using a range of validated tools. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to address study aims. RESULTS The prevalence of non-drinking, hazardous and harmful/probable dependence was higher among those meeting criteria for a mental health problem. After adjustment for SES, non-drinking was most common in those meeting criteria for probable psychotic disorder (MOR = 3.42, 95 %CI = 1.74-6.70), hazardous use in those meeting criteria for anti-social personality disorder (MOR = 2.66, 95 %CI = 1.69-4.20) and harmful/probable dependence in those meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder (MOR = 9.77, 95 % CI = 4.81-19.84). CONCLUSIONS There were marked increases in the odds of reporting both non-drinking and harmful drinking among those meeting criteria for a mental health problem, particularly more severe problems. Our findings indicate that the relationship between alcohol and mental health is more complex and comorbid alcohol and mental health problems should be treated in parallel with access to both services.
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15
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Grazioli VS, Studer J, Larimer ME, Lewis MA, Bertholet N, Marmet S, Daeppen JB, Gmel G. Protective behavioral strategies and alcohol outcomes: Impact of mood and personality disorders. Addict Behav 2021; 112:106615. [PMID: 32889443 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Although young men or young adults with mental health disorders are at higher risk to engage in problematic drinking, they typically evince stronger associations between protective behavioral strategies (PBS) and fewer alcohol outcomes. This study aimed to contribute to this line of research by examining the moderating effect of depression, bipolar spectrum disorder, borderline personality disorder and social anxiety disorder on the association between PBS and alcohol outcomes. Participants (N = 4,960; mean age = 25.43) were young men participating in the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors. Measures of PBS use, typical drinks per week, alcohol-related consequences, depression, bipolar spectrum disorder, borderline personality disorder and social anxiety disorder were used from the second follow-up assessment. Main results indicated that the negative association between PBS and alcohol use was stronger in participants with borderline personality disorder than among those without this disorder. Unexpectedly, in participants with depression, PBS were not significantly associated with alcohol use, whereas they were related to fewer drinks among those without the disorder. Similarly, in participants with bipolar spectrum disorder, the association between PBS and alcohol-related consequences was not significant, whereas PBS were associated with fewer consequences in those without the disorder. Finally, findings indicated that social anxiety disorder did not significantly moderate the associations between PBS and alcohol outcomes. If replicated by future research, these findings imply that PBS-intervention may not equally impact young adults with diverse mental health disorders.
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16
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Mc Hugh R, McBride O. Self-medicating low mood with alcohol use: Examining the role of frequency of alcohol use, quantity consumed and context of drinking. Addict Behav 2020; 111:106557. [PMID: 32721645 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The concept of self-medication refers to the use of substances to help cope with periods of psychological distress. This study sought to examine the typical drinking patterns of adults who self-report using alcohol to self-medicate low mood using data from a large, nationally representative US household survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was from the Wave I (2001-2002) National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). The sample consisted of individuals who met the depression criteria, who indicated that they had drank alcohol to improve their mood when they felt down for at least two weeks, and consumed alcohol in the last 12 months (n = 5900). Alcohol use related to the last 12 months (frequency, quantity, and drinking context). RESULTS A multiple group Latent Class Analysis was conducted to identified clinically relevant homogeneous groups of drinkers who self-report use of alcohol to self-medicate compared to those who do not. Two latent classes emerged for each of the two self-medicating groups, which were named based on their probabilities, as 'seldom drinkers' and 'hazardous drinkers' in the self-medication group, and as 'normal drinkers' and 'very seldom drinkers' in the non-self-medication group. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this paper indicate that the behaviour of self-medication may be a factor in why people may be more hazardous drinkers, and that these individuals are drinking to relieve their mood, more likely than someone who does not use alcohol for this purpose. The findings also provide clinical insight, as the behaviour of self-medication could be used as a target for intervention.
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17
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Boland VC, Clare PJ, Yuen WS, Peacock A, Aiken A, Wadolowski M, Hutchinson D, Najman J, Slade T, Bruno R, McBride N, Degenhardt L, Kypri K, Mattick RP. The association between parental supply of alcohol and supply from other sources to young people: a prospective cohort. Addiction 2020; 115:2140-2147. [PMID: 32141130 DOI: 10.1111/add.15033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Despite legal age limits set for alcohol consumption, parents are one of the main suppliers of alcohol to underage minors. Although supply from non-parental sources has been found to be associated with greater risk of harm compared with parental supply, the association between parental supply and supply from other sources is unclear. This study investigated the associations between parental supply of sips and whole serves of alcohol on subsequent other supply, conditional on current supply from non-parental sources. METHODS Data from the Australian Parental Supply of Alcohol Longitudinal Study cohort of adolescents was used. A cohort of 1927 Australian children recruited in grade 7 (mean age 12.9 years) was surveyed annually from 2010 to 2016 (94%, n = 1821 included for analyses). The primary outcome was alcohol exposure from other sources ('other supply'), including alcohol supply from other adults, friends, siblings, or self-supply, compared with adolescents reporting no supply from these sources. Analyses were conducted using random intercept logistic regression (to account for within-respondent correlation). RESULTS Parental supply of alcohol alone was associated with increased odds of receiving alcohol from other non-parental sources in subsequent years (OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.65-2.39) after adjusting for confounders. Increased odds of subsequent other supply were associated with current parental supply of sips (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.56-2.36) and whole drinks (OR: 2.76; 95% CI: 1.85-4.11). CONCLUSIONS Parental supply of alcohol appears to increase the risk of subsequent supply of alcohol from other sources in certain contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica C Boland
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, , NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Philip J Clare
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, , NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Wing See Yuen
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, , NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Amy Peacock
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, , NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Alexandra Aiken
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, , NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Monika Wadolowski
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Delyse Hutchinson
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, , NSW, 2052, Australia.,Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Jackob Najman
- Queensland Alcohol and Drug Research and Education Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Tim Slade
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Raimondo Bruno
- School of Psychology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Nyanda McBride
- National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, , WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, , NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Kypros Kypri
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, , NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Richard P Mattick
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, , NSW, 2052, Australia
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18
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Yuen WS, Chan G, Bruno R, Clare P, Mattick R, Aiken A, Boland V, McBride N, McCambridge J, Slade T, Kypri K, Horwood J, Hutchinson D, Najman J, De Torres C, Peacock A. Adolescent Alcohol Use Trajectories: Risk Factors and Adult Outcomes. Pediatrics 2020; 146:peds.2020-0440. [PMID: 32968030 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adolescents often display heterogenous trajectories of alcohol use. Initiation and escalation of drinking may be important predictors of later harms, including alcohol use disorder (AUD). Previous conceptualizations of these trajectories lacked adjustment for known confounders of adolescent drinking, which we aimed to address by modeling dynamic changes in drinking throughout adolescence while adjusting for covariates. METHODS Survey data from a longitudinal cohort of Australian adolescents (n = 1813) were used to model latent class alcohol use trajectories over 5 annual follow-ups (mean age = 13.9 until 17.8 years). Regression models were used to determine whether child, parent, and peer factors at baseline (mean age = 12.9 years) predicted trajectory membership and whether trajectories predicted self-reported symptoms of AUD at the final follow-up (mean age = 18.8 years). RESULTS We identified 4 classes: abstaining (n = 352); late-onset moderate drinking (n = 503); early-onset moderate drinking (n = 663); and early-onset heavy drinking (n = 295). Having more alcohol-specific household rules reduced risk of early-onset heavy drinking compared with late-onset moderate drinking (relative risk ratio: 0.31; 99.5% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11-0.83), whereas having more substance-using peers increased this risk (relative risk ratio: 3.43; 99.5% CI: 2.10-5.62). Early-onset heavy drinking increased odds of meeting criteria for AUD in early adulthood (odds ratio: 7.68; 99.5% CI: 2.41-24.47). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that parenting factors and peer influences in early adolescence should be considered to reduce risk of later alcohol-related harm. Early initiation and heavy alcohol use throughout adolescence are associated with increased risk of alcohol-related harm compared with recommended maximum levels of consumption (late-onset, moderate drinking).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing See Yuen
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;
| | - Gary Chan
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research and
| | - Raimondo Bruno
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Psychological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Philip Clare
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard Mattick
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexandra Aiken
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Veronica Boland
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nyanda McBride
- National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jim McCambridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Slade
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kypros Kypri
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Horwood
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Delyse Hutchinson
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jake Najman
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Clara De Torres
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amy Peacock
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Psychological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Tymofiyeva O, Zhou VX, Lee CM, Xu D, Hess CP, Yang TT. MRI Insights Into Adolescent Neurocircuitry-A Vision for the Future. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:237. [PMID: 32733218 PMCID: PMC7359264 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is the time of onset of many psychiatric disorders. Half of pediatric patients present with comorbid psychiatric disorders that complicate both their medical and psychiatric care. Currently, diagnosis and treatment decisions are based on symptoms. The field urgently needs brain-based diagnosis and personalized care. Neuroimaging can shed light on how aberrations in brain circuits might underlie psychiatric disorders and their development in adolescents. In this perspective article, we summarize recent MRI literature that provides insights into development of psychiatric disorders in adolescents. We specifically focus on studies of brain structural and functional connectivity. Ninety-six included studies demonstrate the potential of MRI to assess psychiatrically relevant constructs, diagnose psychiatric disorders, predict their development or predict response to treatment. Limitations of the included studies are discussed, and recommendations for future research are offered. We also present a vision for the role that neuroimaging may play in pediatrics and primary care in the future: a routine neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric imaging (NPPI) protocol for adolescent patients, which would include a 30-min brain scan, a quality control and safety read of the scan, followed by computer-based calculation of the structural and functional brain network metrics that can be compared to the normative data by the pediatrician. We also perform a cost-benefit analysis to support this vision and provide a roadmap of the steps required for this vision to be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Tymofiyeva
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Vivian X Zhou
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Chuan-Mei Lee
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Clinical Excellence Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Duan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Christopher P Hess
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Tony T Yang
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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20
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Fernandes GS, Lewis G, Hammerton G, Abeysekera K, Mahedy L, Edwards A, Lewis G, Hickman M, Heron J. Alcohol consumption and internalising disorders in young adults of ALSPAC: a population-based study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2020; 74:1023-1027. [PMID: 32631846 PMCID: PMC8886795 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-213922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Depression and harmful alcohol consumption contribute significantly to the global health burden, but in young adults, this relationship is under-researched and conflicted. The aim of this study was to determine the sex-based prevalence and the association between internalising disorders such as depression and alcohol use disorders. Method Using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we assessed the sex-specific prevalence of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision diagnosed generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), depression and fear-based anxieties (FBA) at 24 years (n=3572). We examined the association between internalising disorders and alcohol consumption using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test for Consumption 5+ threshold and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual on Mental Disorders defined criteria for alcohol dependence. Results Women reported more GAD (11.6% vs 6.5%), depression (13.4% vs 6.9%) and FBA (1.3% vs 0.5%) than men (p<0.001). Harmful drinking, after adjustment for sex and socioeconomic status, was associated witha higher prevalence of depression (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.4, p<0.001), anxiety (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.0, p<0.001) and FBA (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.04 to 5.56, p=0.009) compared with lower-risk drinkers. In contrast, hazardous drinking was associated with a lower prevalence of GAD (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.54 to 0.88) and depression (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.54 to 0.86) compared with lower-risk drinkers. Conclusions Young adults in the UK who drink harmfully are more likely to have depression and other internalising disorders. Further research should test whether there is a J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and mental health in young people and whether this varies across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen Sascha Fernandes
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol School of Social and Community Medicine, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Gemma Hammerton
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol School of Social and Community Medicine, Bristol, UK
| | - Kushala Abeysekera
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol School of Social and Community Medicine, Bristol, UK
| | - Liam Mahedy
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol School of Social and Community Medicine, Bristol, UK
| | - Alexis Edwards
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavior Genetics, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Matthew Hickman
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jonathan Heron
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Hogarth L. Addiction is driven by excessive goal-directed drug choice under negative affect: translational critique of habit and compulsion theory. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:720-735. [PMID: 31905368 PMCID: PMC7265389 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0600-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Drug addiction may be a goal-directed choice driven by excessive drug value in negative affective states, a habit driven by strong stimulus-response associations, or a compulsion driven by insensitivity to costs imposed on drug seeking. Laboratory animal and human evidence for these three theories is evaluated. Excessive goal theory is supported by dependence severity being associated with greater drug choice/economic demand. Drug choice is demonstrably goal-directed (driven by the expected value of the drug) and can be augmented by stress/negative mood induction and withdrawal-effects amplified in those with psychiatric symptoms and drug use coping motives. Furthermore, psychiatric symptoms confer risk of dependence, and coping motives mediate this risk. Habit theory of addiction has weaker support. Habitual behaviour seen in drug-exposed animals often does not occur in complex decision scenarios, or where responding is rewarded, so habit is unlikely to explain most human addictive behaviour where these conditions apply. Furthermore, most human studies have not found greater propensity to habitual behaviour in drug users or as a function of dependence severity, and the minority that have can be explained by task disengagement producing impaired explicit contingency knowledge. Compulsion theory of addiction also has weak support. The persistence of punished drug seeking in animals is better explained by greater drug value (evinced by the association with economic demand) than by insensitivity to costs. Furthermore, human studies have provided weak evidence that propensity to discount cost imposed on drug seeking is associated with dependence severity. These data suggest that human addiction is primarily driven by excessive goal-directed drug choice under negative affect, and less by habit or compulsion. Addiction is pathological because negative states powerfully increase expected drug value acutely outweighing abstinence goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Hogarth
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter, EX4 4QG, UK.
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Shuai R, Bakou AE, Hardy L, Hogarth L. Ultra-brief breath counting (mindfulness) training promotes recovery from stress-induced alcohol-seeking in student drinkers. Addict Behav 2020; 102:106141. [PMID: 31704429 PMCID: PMC6959458 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of mindfulness interventions on problematic drinking is thought to be driven by increased resilience to the impact of stress on negative mood and alcohol-seeking behaviour, but this claim needs empirical support. To address this hypothesis, the current study tested whether brief training of one component of mindfulness - breath counting - would reduce drinkers' sensitivity to the effect of noise stress on subjective mood and alcohol-seeking behaviour. Baseline alcohol-seeking was measured by choice to view alcohol versus food thumbnail pictures in 192 student drinkers. Participants then received a 6-minute audio file which either trained breath counting or recited a popular science extract, in separate groups. All participants were then stressed by a loud industrial noise and alcohol-seeking was measured again simultaneously to quantify the change from baseline. Subjective mood was measured after all three stages (baseline, post intervention, post stress test). The breath counting group were instructed to deploy this technique during the stress test. Results showed that the breath counting versus control intervention improved subjective mood relative to baseline, attenuated the worsening of subjective mood produced by stress induction, and accelerated recovery from a stress induced increase in alcohol-seeking behaviour. Exploratory moderation analysis showed that this accelerated recovery from stress induced alcohol-seeking by breath counting was weaker in more alcohol dependent participants. Mindfulness therapies may improve problematic drinking by increasing resilience to stress induced negative mood and alcohol-seeking, as observed in this study. The weaker therapeutic effect of breath counting in more dependent drinkers may reveal limitations to this intervention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichong Shuai
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Alexandra Elissavet Bakou
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Lorna Hardy
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Lee Hogarth
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK.
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23
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Castillo-Carniglia A, Keyes KM, Hasin DS, Cerdá M. Psychiatric comorbidities in alcohol use disorder. Lancet Psychiatry 2019; 6:1068-1080. [PMID: 31630984 PMCID: PMC7006178 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is a major contributor to the morbidity and mortality burden worldwide. It often coexists with other psychiatric disorders; however, the nature of this comorbidity is still a matter of debate. In this Series paper, we examine the main psychiatric disorders associated with alcohol use disorder, including the prevalence of co-occurring disorders, the temporal nature of the relationship, and mechanisms that might explain comorbidity across the lifespan. Overall, this disorder co-occurs with a wide range of other psychiatric disorders, especially those disorders involving substance use and violent or aggressive behaviour. The causal pathways between alcohol use disorder and other psychiatric disorders are heterogeneous. Hypotheses explaining these relationships include reciprocal direct causal associations, shared genetic and environmental causes, and shared psychopathological characteristics of broader diagnostic entities (eg, externalising disorders). Efforts to untangle the associations between alcohol use disorder and other disorders across the lifespan remain a crucial avenue of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Castillo-Carniglia
- Society and Health Research Center, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile; Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Katherine M Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deborah S Hasin
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Magdalena Cerdá
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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24
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Clare PJ, Aiken A, Yuen WS, Peacock A, Boland V, Wadolowski M, Hutchinson D, Najman J, Slade T, Bruno R, McBride N, Degenhardt L, Kypri K, Mattick RP. Parental supply of alcohol as a predictor of adolescent alcohol consumption patterns: A prospective cohort. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 204:107529. [PMID: 31494442 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research has not supported the idea that parental supply of alcohol to adolescents prevents later alcohol-related harm. Yet the specific role of parental supply in shaping patterns of drinking over time remains unclear. This study investigated the role of parental supply of alcohol in patterns of drinking across adolescence, and assessed whether that role remained consistent over time. METHOD Using a longitudinal cohort of 1927 adolescents (mean age 12.9 years), recruited in 2010 and 2011 from schools across Australia and followed up annually until 2016, we assessed three outcomes using mixed-effect negative binomial regression: frequency of consumption, typical quantity consumed, and overall alcohol consumption in the year (frequency * quantity). Child, parental, familial, and peer confounders of adolescent alcohol consumption were measured and adjusted for in the analyses. FINDINGS Parental supply was associated with greater overall consumption in earlier adolescence: Grade 7-8 (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 3.61; 95% CI: 2.55, 5.12; no supply IRR: 1.00), Grade 8-9 (IRR: 4.84; 95% CI: 3.66, 6.39; no supply IRR: 1.44) and Grade 9-10 (IRR: 8.33; 95% CI: 6.28, 11.05; no supply IRR: 4.75). Alcohol consumption continued to increase in later adolescence regardless of whether parental supply occurred. CONCLUSIONS Parental supply of alcohol was associated with increased alcohol consumption by their children during early adolescence. While parental supply appears to have less impact on drinking in later adolescence, there was no evidence to suggest it is protective. Parents should be advised to avoid supplying children with alcohol, particularly in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Clare
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Alexandra Aiken
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Wing See Yuen
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Amy Peacock
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Veronica Boland
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Monika Wadolowski
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Delyse Hutchinson
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Deakin University Geelong, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Centre for Adolescent Health, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jackob Najman
- Queensland Alcohol and Drug Research and Education Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Tim Slade
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Raimondo Bruno
- School of Psychology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Nyanda McBride
- National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kypros Kypri
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Richard P Mattick
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Keyes KM, Allel K, Staudinger UM, Ornstein KA, Calvo E. Alcohol consumption predicts incidence of depressive episodes across 10 years among older adults in 19 countries. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2019; 148:1-38. [PMID: 31733662 PMCID: PMC7362478 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is increasing in many countries, and excessive alcohol consumption is particularly increasing among older adults. Excessive alcohol consumption causes morbidity and mortality, especially among older adults, including an increased risk of depressive episodes. We review the mechanisms through which alcohol consumption may affect depression, and argue that the effects of alcohol consumption on depressive episodes among older adults are understudied. We harmonized data among older adults (≥50 years) on alcohol consumption, depressive episodes, and an array of risk factors across 10 years and 19 countries (N=57,276). Alcohol consumption was categorized as current or long-term abstainer, occasional, moderate and heavy drinking at an average of 2.3 follow-up time points. Depressive episodes were measured through the CES-D or EURO-D. Multi-level Cox proportional frailty models in which the random effect has a multiplicative relationship to hazard were estimated with controls for co-occurring medical conditions, health behaviors, and demographics. Long-term alcohol abstainers had a higher hazard of depressive episodes (HR=1.14, 95% C.I. 1.08-1.21), as did those reporting occasional (HR=1.16, 95% C.I. 1.10-1.21) and heavy drinking (HR=1.22, 95% C.I. 1.13-1.30), compared with moderate drinking. Hazard ratios were attenuated in frailty models; heavy drinking, however, remained robustly associated in a random-effects model with a frailty component (HR=1.16, 95% C.I. 1.11-1.21). Interactions were observed by gender and smoking status: long-term abstainers, women's, and smokers' (HR for interaction, 1.04, 95% C.I. 1.00-1.07) hazards of depressive episodes increased more than what would be expected based on their multiplicative effects, when compared to moderate drinking, non-smoking men. Excessive alcohol consumption among older adults is a concern not only for physical, but also for mental health. Physician efforts to screen older adults for excessive alcohol use is critical for mental health to remain strong in aging populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Society and Health Research Center, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Kasim Allel
- Society and Health Research Center, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Study of the Life Course and Vulnerability (MLIV), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ursula M Staudinger
- Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Katherine A Ornstein
- Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Esteban Calvo
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Society and Health Research Center, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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The longitudinal relationship of alcohol problems and depressive symptoms and the impact of externalising symptoms: findings from the Belfast Youth Developmental Study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2019; 54:1231-1241. [PMID: 30903238 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-019-01696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to contribute to the inconsistent literature on the comorbid relationship of alcohol problems and depressive symptoms from late adolescent to emerging adulthood by accounting for their trajectories and their conjoint relationship while controlling for the influence of externalising symptoms. METHODS We utilised data, from a longitudinal school cohort from Northern Ireland (Belfast Youth Developmental Study), over three time points where the participants were 16, 17 and 21 years of age. A total of 3118 participants were included, 1713 females and 1405 males. Second-order latent growth models were applied to examine growth trajectories. Parallel process growth models were used to assess whether growth trajectories of the symptoms were associated. Externalising symptoms were subsequently added as a covariate. RESULTS Alcohol problems among males significantly increased over time but decreased in females. Depressive symptoms initially increased then decreased in both genders. Results indicated associations of the alcohol problems and depression, both initially and with time. Accounting for externalising symptoms only somewhat diminished this effect in males but not in females. An increase of initial levels of depression was associated with a decrease in alcohol problems over time. This association was only true among females. After controlling for externalising symptoms, the relationship was no longer observed. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides further evidence of a significant relationship of alcohol problems and depression in adolescents and further supports a small literature indicating that depression may have protective effects of alcohol problems. Finally, the study shows the importance of accounting for externalising symptoms.
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27
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A concurrent pictorial drug choice task marks multiple risk factors in treatment-engaged smokers and drinkers. Behav Pharmacol 2019; 29:716-725. [PMID: 30169375 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Concurrent choice tasks, where participants choose between a drug versus natural reward, predict dependence vulnerability in animals and humans. However, the sensitivity of concurrent choice tasks to multiple risk factors in treatment-engaged drug users has not been comprehensively tested. In experiment 1, 33 recently hospitalized smokers who were engaged with the smoking cessation service made forced choices between enlarging pictures of people smoking versus not smoking. In experiment 2, 48 drinkers who were engaged in an outpatient alcohol treatment service made forced choices between enlarging pictures of alcohol versus food. In these experiments, percent drug picture choice was significantly associated with dependence severity, craving, self-reported reasons for drug use (negative coping and cued craving), depression, anxiety, withdrawal intolerance, drug use frequency prior to treatment, and current abstinence status (coefficients ranged from r=0.39 to 0.66). The concurrent pictorial drug choice task is sensitive to multiple risk factors in clinical, treatment-engaged drug users, and may be used to identify individuals requiring more support, to test experimental treatment manipulations, and to translate to animal concurrent self-administration procedures.
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Heradstveit O, Skogen JC, Hetland J, Stewart R, Hysing M. Psychiatric Diagnoses Differ Considerably in Their Associations With Alcohol/Drug-Related Problems Among Adolescents. A Norwegian Population-Based Survey Linked With National Patient Registry Data. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1003. [PMID: 31133937 PMCID: PMC6517475 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine alcohol/drug use and problems across psychiatric diagnoses and to what extent associations between each psychiatric diagnosis and alcohol/drug use and problems were independent from the potential confounding effects of psychiatric comorbidity, socioeconomic status, sex and age. We used a dataset comprising a linkage between a large population-based and cross-sectional study among Norwegian adolescents (the youth@hordaland conducted in 2012) and national registry-based data on specialist mental health care use during the 4 years prior to the survey (2008 to 2011). The study sample included 16 to 19 year olds who participated in the youth@hordaland survey and consented to the linkage with patient registry data (n = 9,408). Among these, 853 (9%) had received specialist mental health care and comprised the clinical group, while the rest (n = 8,555) comprised the comparison group. The main outcome variables were several self-reported indicators for alcohol/drug use, including any alcohol use, frequent alcohol intoxication, high-level alcohol consumption, and lifetime illicit drug use, as well as one indicator for potential alcohol/drug-related problems: a positive CRAFFT-score. Adolescents receiving specialist mental health care (n = 853) reported more frequently alcohol/drug use and problems compared to adolescents not receiving these services (Cohens d's ranging from 0.09 to 0.29, all p ≤ 0.01). Anxiety, depression, conduct disorders, eating disorders, ADHD, and trauma-related disorders were all associated with single measures of alcohol/drug use and problems, with odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.58 to 4.63, all p < 0.05) in unadjusted models. Trauma-related disorders, depression and conduct disorders were also positively associated with higher scores on a combined indicator of alcohol/drug use and problems (ORs ranging from 1.89 to 3.15, all p < 0.01), even after the full adjustment from psychiatric comorbidity and sociodemographic variables (adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.61 to 2.79, p < 0.05). These results suggest that alcohol/drug use and problems were slightly more common among adolescents who received specialist mental health care during the past 4 years compared with the general adolescent population, and adolescents with trauma-related disorders, depression and conduct disorders were high-risk groups for alcohol/drug use and problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ove Heradstveit
- Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jørn Hetland
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Robert Stewart
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mari Hysing
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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29
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Anand D, Paquette C, Bartuska A, Daughters SB. Substance type moderates the longitudinal association between depression and substance use from pre-treatment through a 1-year follow-up. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 197:87-94. [PMID: 30784954 PMCID: PMC8805280 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research examining directionality of the relationship between depressive symptoms and substance use following treatment entry is limited. Furthermore, substances differ in their neurobiological effects on mood. The relationship between depression and substance use following treatment entry may be moderated by dependence on specific substances. The study tested (a) lagged effects between depressive symptoms and substance use frequency following substance use treatment entry through a 1-year post-treatment follow-up and (b) if substance dependence type moderates these effects. METHODS Participants (N = 263) entering residential treatment were assessed for DSM-IV substance dependence, depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory), and percentage of substance use days at post-treatment, 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up assessments (time t0 to t4). Linear mixed effects models tested lagged effects between depressive symptoms and substance use frequency and the impact of substance type (i.e., dependence on alcohol, cannabis, opioid, cocaine, hallucinogen/PCP) on this relationship. RESULTS After controlling for concurrent effects, substance type moderated each longitudinal relationship. Depressive symptoms significantly predicted substance use frequency at the subsequent follow-up assessment, only among individuals with pre-treatment opioid dependence (B = 5.55, SE = 0.89, z = 6.21, p < 0.01). Substance use frequency significantly predicted depressive symptoms at the subsequent follow-up assessment, but not among individuals with cannabis dependence at pre-treatment (B = 1.01, SE = 0.22, t (524) = 4.49, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The directionality of depression-substance use comorbidity may differ based on the substance of dependence at pre-treatment. Opioid users may especially benefit from treating both depression and substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Anand
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Catherine Paquette
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Anna Bartuska
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Stacey B Daughters
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA.
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Hogarth L, Hardy L, Bakou A, Mahlberg J, Weidemann G, Cashel S, Moustafa AA. Negative Mood Induction Increases Choice of Heroin Versus Food Pictures in Opiate-Dependent Individuals: Correlation With Self-Medication Coping Motives and Subjective Reactivity. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:274. [PMID: 31156470 PMCID: PMC6529569 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute growth in negative affect is thought to play a major role in triggering relapse in opiate-dependent individuals. Consistent with this view, three lab studies have demonstrated that negative mood induction increases opiate craving in opiate-dependent individuals. The current study sought to confirm these effects with a behavioral measure of heroin seeking, and test whether the effect is associated with self-reported opiate use to cope with negative affect and subjective reactivity to mood induction. Participants were heroin-dependent individuals engaged with treatment services (n = 47) and control participants (n = 25). Heroin users completed a questionnaire assessing reasons for using heroin: negative affect, social pressure, and cued craving. Baseline heroin choice was measured by preference to enlarge heroin versus food thumbnail pictures in two-alternative forced-choice trials. Negative mood was then induced by depressive statements and music before heroin choice was tested again. Subjective reactivity was indexed by negative and positive mood reported at the pre-induction to post-test timepoints. Heroin users chose heroin images more frequently than controls overall ( p = .001) and showed a negative mood-induced increase in heroin choice compared to control participants (interaction p < .05). Mood-induced heroin choice was associated with self-reported heroin use to cope with negative affect ( p < .05), but not social pressure ( p = .39) or cued craving ( p = .52), and with subjective mood reactivity ( p = .007). These data suggest that acute negative mood is a trigger for heroin seeking in heroin-dependent individuals, and this effect is pronounced in those who report using heroin to cope with negative affect, and those who show greater subjective reactivity to negative triggers. Interventions should seek to target negative coping motives to build resilience to affective triggers for relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Hogarth
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Lorna Hardy
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Bakou
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Mahlberg
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Weidemann
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon Cashel
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. The clinical comorbidity of alcohol dependence (AD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is well established, whereas genetic factors influencing co-occurrence remain unclear. A recent study using polygenic risk scores (PRS) calculated based on the first-wave Psychiatric Genomics Consortium MDD meta-analysis (PGC-MDD1) suggests a modest shared genetic contribution to MDD and AD. Using a (∼10 fold) larger discovery sample, we calculated PRS based on the second wave (PGC-MDD2) of results, in a severe AD case–control target sample. We found significant associations between AD disease status and MDD-PRS derived from both PGC-MDD2 (most informative P-threshold=1.0, P=0.00063, R2=0.533%) and PGC-MDD1 (P-threshold=0.2, P=0.00014, R2=0.663%) meta-analyses; the larger discovery sample did not yield additional predictive power. In contrast, calculating PRS in a MDD target sample yielded increased power when using PGC-MDD2 (P-threshold=1.0, P=0.000038, R2=1.34%) versus PGC-MDD1 (P-threshold=1.0, P=0.0013, R2=0.81%). Furthermore, when calculating PGC-MDD2 PRS in a subsample of patients with AD recruited explicitly excluding comorbid MDD, significant associations were still found (n=331; P-threshold=1.0, P=0.042, R2=0.398%). Meanwhile, in the subset of patients in which MDD was not the explicit exclusion criteria, PRS predicted more variance (n=999; P-threshold=1.0, P=0.0003, R2=0.693%). Our findings replicate the reported genetic overlap between AD and MDD and also suggest the need for improved, rigorous phenotyping to identify true shared cross-disorder genetic factors. Larger target samples are needed to reduce noise and take advantage of increasing discovery sample size.
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32
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Vital exhaustion and risk of alcohol use disorders: A prospective cohort study. J Psychosom Res 2018; 114:25-30. [PMID: 30314575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vital exhaustion is an emotional state characterized by fatigue and depressive symptoms. We examined the prospective association between vital exhaustion and risk of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Furthermore, we investigated whether cohabitation status modifies the effect of this potential association. METHODS Vital exhaustion was assessed by a condensed, 17 item, version of the Maastricht Questionnaire as part of the Copenhagen City Heart Study in 1991-93. The study population consisted of 8956 individuals aged 21-93 years, who were followed for a first-time diagnosis of AUD in national registers until 2016. The mean length of follow-up was 16.6 years. RESULTS During follow-up, AUD was diagnosed in 146 men and 103 women. For both sexes, the risk of AUD increased dose-dependently with increasing vital exhaustion. Individuals who reported high vital exhaustion had a 2- to 3-fold higher risk of AUD in both men (HR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.40-4.29) and women (HR = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.62-6.85). A potential modifying effect of cohabitation status on the relation between vital exhaustion and AUD was found for men. CONCLUSION The results showed that vital exhaustion is significantly associated with a higher risk of AUD in both men and women and that living with a cohabitee may have a protective effect among men.
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Hogarth L, Lam‐Cassettari C, Pacitti H, Currah T, Mahlberg J, Hartley L, Moustafa A. Intact goal‐directed control in treatment‐seeking drug users indexed by outcome‐devaluation and Pavlovian to instrumental transfer: critique of habit theory. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 50:2513-2525. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Hogarth
- School of Psychology University of Exeter Exeter UK
- School of Psychology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Christa Lam‐Cassettari
- MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development Western Sydney University Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Helena Pacitti
- School of Psychology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Tara Currah
- School of Psychology University of Exeter Exeter UK
| | - Justin Mahlberg
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology Western Sydney University Sydney NSW Australia
| | | | - Ahmed Moustafa
- MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development Western Sydney University Sydney NSW Australia
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology Western Sydney University Sydney NSW Australia
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Conklin AI, Yao CA, Richardson CG. Chronic sleep deprivation and gender-specific risk of depression in adolescents: a prospective population-based study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:724. [PMID: 29890964 PMCID: PMC5996474 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to sleep deprivation may increase the risk of depression in young people who are particularly vulnerable to changes in sleep and mental health. Sleep deprivation and incident depression may also differ by gender. We investigated the prospective association between cumulative sleep deprivation and subsequent levels of depressive symptomatology among adolescents from a gender perspective. METHODS A longitudinal study of 3071 young people in the British Columbia Adolescent Substance Use Survey (BASUS) cohort with three sleep time and two depression measures over 12 months (2011-12). Multivariable linear regression models with interaction terms estimated gender-specific associations between self-reported chronic sleep deprivation and changes in depressive symptomatology; post-estimation analysis calculated adjusted mean depression scores for each level of cumulative sleep deprivation. RESULTS Cumulative sleep deprivation was associated with a monotonic increase in depression scores at follow-up in young women, but no consistent pattern was seen in young men. During follow-up, 15% of young women were chronically sleep deprived and 29% were depressed (CESD ≥24). Young women reporting chronic exposure to sleep deprivation had higher CESD scores at follow-up (21.50 points, [CI95 19.55-23.45]), than those reporting no history (16.59 [15.72-17.45]); that remained after multivariable adjustment (19.48 [17.59-21.38]). CONCLUSION Results suggested that chronic sleep deprivation increases the risk of major depression among young women. Mental health promotion for young people should include relevant strategies to ensure young women can achieve recommended amounts of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalijn I. Conklin
- Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (CHÉOS), Providence Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christopher A. Yao
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (CHÉOS), Providence Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christopher G. Richardson
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (CHÉOS), Providence Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Depressive symptoms, alcohol use and coping drinking motives: Examining various pathways to suicide attempts among young men. J Affect Disord 2018; 232:243-251. [PMID: 29499507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has identified several correlates of suicidal behaviors including depressive symptoms, alcohol use and coping drinking motives. However, their associations and their role as possible causal mechanisms in the prediction of suicide attempt are not well understood. This study examined, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, the potential pathways from alcohol use, drinking coping motives, and depression to suicide attempts. METHODS Participants (N = 4617) were young Swiss men (mean age = 19.95) participating in the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors. Measures of depressive symptoms, alcohol use (total drinks per week, heavy episode drinking) and coping drinking motives were used from the baseline and/or 15-month follow-up assessments to predict follow-up suicide attempt. RESULTS Main findings showed indirect associations through depressive symptoms, such that coping drinking motives were positively associated with depressive symptoms, which were in turn positively related to suicide attempts over time (for total drinks per week models, cross-sectional model: B = 0.130, SE = 0.035, 95% CI = 0.072, 0.207; longitudinal model: B = 0.039, SE = 0.013, 95% CI = 0.019, 0.069). Alcohol use was not significantly related to suicide attempt. LIMITATIONS Main limitation includes a low prevalence rate for suicide attempt potentially reducing power effects in the analyses and our focus on distal-yet not proximal, role of alcohol use on suicide attempt. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study suggest that young men with depressive symptoms and/or those who use alcohol to cope with negative affect may benefit from programs targeting suicidal behaviors.
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Stoops WW, Hardy L, Mathew AR, Hitsman B. Negative mood-induced alcohol-seeking is greater in young adults who report depression symptoms, drinking to cope, and subjective reactivity. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2018; 26:138-146. [PMID: 29389212 PMCID: PMC5896502 DOI: 10.1037/pha0000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Acute negative mood powerfully motivates alcohol-seeking behavior, but it remains unclear whether sensitivity to this effect is greater in drinkers who report depression symptoms, drinking to cope, and subjective reactivity. To examine these questions, 128 young adult alcohol drinkers (ages 18-25) completed questionnaires of alcohol use disorder symptoms, depression symptoms, and drinking to cope with negative affect. Baseline alcohol choice was measured by preference to enlarge alcohol versus food thumbnail images in two-alternative forced-choice trials. Negative mood was then induced by depressive statements and music, before alcohol choice was tested. Subjective reactivity was indexed by increased sadness pre- to post-mood induction. Baseline alcohol choice correlated with alcohol dependence symptoms (p = .001), and drinking coping motives (ps ≤ .01). Mood induction increased alcohol choice and subjective sadness overall (ps < .001). The mood-induced increase in alcohol choice was associated with depression symptoms (p = .007), drinking to cope (ps ≤ .03), and subjective reactivity (p = .007). The relationship between mood-induced alcohol choice and drinking to cope remained significant after covarying for other drinking motives. Furthermore, the three predictors (depression, drinking to cope, and subjective reactivity) accounted for unique variance in mood-induced alcohol choice (ps ≥ .03), and collectively accounted for 18% of the variance (p < .001). These findings validate the pictorial alcohol choice task as sensitive to the relative value of alcohol and acute negative mood. The findings also accord with the core prediction of negative reinforcement theory that sensitivity to the motivational impact of negative mood on alcohol-seeking behavior may be an important mechanism that links depression and alcohol dependence. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanda R Mathew
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Brian Hitsman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Rhew IC, Fleming CB, Stoep AV, Nicodimos S, Zheng C, McCauley E. Examination of cumulative effects of early adolescent depression on cannabis and alcohol use disorder in late adolescence in a community-based cohort. Addiction 2017; 112:1952-1960. [PMID: 28600897 PMCID: PMC5633491 DOI: 10.1111/add.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although they often co-occur, the longitudinal relationship between depression and substance use disorders during adolescence remains unclear. This study estimated the effects of cumulative depression during early adolescence (ages 13-15 years) on the likelihood of cannabis use disorder (CUD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) at age 18. DESIGN Prospective cohort study of youth assessed at least annually between 6th and 9th grades (~ age 12-15) and again at age 18. Marginal structural models based on a counterfactual framework that accounted for both potential fixed and time-varying confounders were used to estimate cumulative effects of depressive symptoms over early adolescence. SETTING The sample originated from four public middle schools in Seattle, Washington, USA. PARTICIPANTS The sample consisted of 521 youth (48.4% female; 44.5% were non-Hispanic White). MEASUREMENTS Structured in-person interviews with youth and their parents were conducted to assess diagnostic symptom counts of depression during early adolescence; diagnoses of CUD and AUD at age 18 was based the Voice-Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children. Cumulative depression was defined as the sum of depression symptom counts from grades 7-9. FINDINGS The past-year prevalence of cannabis and alcohol use disorder at the age 18 study wave was 20.9 and 19.8%, respectively. A 1 standard deviation increase in cumulative depression during early adolescence was associated with a 50% higher likelihood of CUD [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07, 2.10]. Although similar in direction, there was no statistically significant association between depression and AUD (PR = 1.41; 95% CI = 0.94, 2.11). Further, there were no differences in associations according to gender. CONCLUSIONS Youth with more chronic or severe forms of depression during early adolescence may be at elevated risk for developing cannabis use disorder compared with otherwise similar youth who experience fewer depressive symptoms during early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac C. Rhew
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles B. Fleming
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ann Vander Stoep
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Semret Nicodimos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth McCauley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
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Andersen AM, Pietrzak RH, Kranzler HR, Ma L, Zhou H, Liu X, Kramer J, Kuperman S, Edenberg HJ, Nurnberger JI, Rice JP, Tischfield JA, Goate A, Foroud TM, Meyers JL, Porjesz B, Dick DM, Hesselbrock V, Boerwinkle E, Southwick SM, Krystal JH, Weissman MM, Levinson DF, Potash JB, Gelernter J, Han S. Polygenic Scores for Major Depressive Disorder and Risk of Alcohol Dependence. JAMA Psychiatry 2017; 74:1153-1160. [PMID: 28813562 PMCID: PMC5710224 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Importance Major depressive disorder (MDD) and alcohol dependence (AD) are heritable disorders with significant public health burdens, and they are frequently comorbid. Common genetic factors that influence the co-occurrence of MDD and AD have been sought in family, twin, and adoption studies, and results to date have been promising but inconclusive. Objective To examine whether AD and MDD overlap genetically, using a polygenic score approach. Design, Settings, and Participants Association analyses were conducted between MDD polygenic risk score (PRS) and AD case-control status in European ancestry samples from 4 independent genome-wide association study (GWAS) data sets: the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA); the Study of Addiction, Genetics, and Environment (SAGE); the Yale-Penn genetic study of substance dependence; and the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (NHRVS). Results from a meta-analysis of MDD (9240 patients with MDD and 9519 controls) from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium were applied to calculate PRS at thresholds from P < .05 to P ≤ .99 in each AD GWAS data set. Main Outcomes and Measures Association between MDD PRS and AD. Results Participants analyzed included 788 cases (548 [69.5%] men; mean [SD] age, 38.2 [10.8] years) and 522 controls (151 [28.9.%] men; age [SD], 43.9 [11.6] years) from COGA; 631 cases (333 [52.8%] men; age [SD], 35.0 [7.7] years) and 756 controls (260 [34.4%] male; age [SD] 36.1 [7.7] years) from SAGE; 2135 cases (1375 [64.4%] men; age [SD], 39.4 [11.5] years) and 350 controls (126 [36.0%] men; age [SD], 43.5 [13.9] years) from Yale-Penn; and 317 cases (295 [93.1%] men; age [SD], 59.1 [13.1] years) and 1719 controls (1545 [89.9%] men; age [SD], 64.5 [13.3] years) from NHRVS. Higher MDD PRS was associated with a significantly increased risk of AD in all samples (COGA: best P = 1.7 × 10-6, R2 = 0.026; SAGE: best P = .001, R2 = 0.01; Yale-Penn: best P = .035, R2 = 0.0018; and NHRVS: best P = .004, R2 = 0.0074), with stronger evidence for association after meta-analysis of the 4 samples (best P = 3.3 × 10-9). In analyses adjusted for MDD status in 3 AD GWAS data sets, similar patterns of association were observed (COGA: best P = 7.6 × 10-6, R2 = 0.023; Yale-Penn: best P = .08, R2 = 0.0013; and NHRVS: best P = .006, R2 = 0.0072). After recalculating MDD PRS using MDD GWAS data sets without comorbid MDD-AD cases, significant evidence was observed for an association between the MDD PRS and AD in the meta-analysis of 3 GWAS AD samples without MDD cases (best P = .007). Conclusions and Relevance These results suggest that shared genetic susceptibility contributes modestly to MDD and AD comorbidity. Individuals with elevated polygenic risk for MDD may also be at risk for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan M. Andersen
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Robert H. Pietrzak
- US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
- Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center of Veterans Integrated Service Network 4, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - John Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - John I. Nurnberger
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - John P. Rice
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Jay A. Tischfield
- Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway
| | - Alison Goate
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Tatiana M. Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Jacquelyn L. Meyers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn
| | - Danielle M. Dick
- Departments of Psychology and Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Victor Hesselbrock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Steven M. Southwick
- US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - John H. Krystal
- US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Myrna M. Weissman
- Division of Epidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Douglas F. Levinson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - James B. Potash
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- now with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joel Gelernter
- US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- now with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Torsheim T, Sørlie MA, Olseth A, Bjørnebekk G. Environmental and temperamental correlates of alcohol user patterns in grade 7 students. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/nsad-2015-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims We examined the effects of temperamental dispositions, friends using alcohol and parental monitoring on grade 7 students' alcohol use patterns. Design The analyses were drawn from a cross-sectional survey of 3710 grade 7 students (mean age =12.53) that participated in a large Norwegian school-based intervention study. Alcohol user patterns were measured through combining self-reported lifetime alcohol experience, heavy episodic drinking and any alcohol involvement in the previous 30 days. Behavioural inhibition/activation sensitivity (BIS/BAS), parental monitoring and the number of friends using alcohol were measured through the adolescents' self-report. Results As many as 68.8% of boys and 83.3% of girls were non-users of alcohol, whereas 9.1% of boys and 3.9% of girls reported use of alcohol last month. Heavy episodic drinking last month was reported by 3.1% of the boys and by 0.8 % of the girls. A multinomial regression analysis revealed strong associations between the number of friends using alcohol and alcohol user patterns, moderate inverse associations between parental monitoring and alcohol user patterns, and a weak association between BIS/BAS components and alcohol user patterns. Conclusion The results demonstrate the importance of socio-environmental factors in a period in which alcohol use is predictive of later negative outcomes.
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Mattick RP, Wadolowski M, Aiken A, Clare PJ, Hutchinson D, Najman J, Slade T, Bruno R, McBride N, Degenhardt L, Kypri K. Parental supply of alcohol and alcohol consumption in adolescence: prospective cohort study. Psychol Med 2017; 47:267-278. [PMID: 27702422 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716002373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents are a major supplier of alcohol to adolescents, yet there is limited research examining the impact of this on adolescent alcohol use. This study investigates associations between parental supply of alcohol, supply from other sources, and adolescent drinking, adjusting for child, parent, family and peer variables. METHOD A cohort of 1927 adolescents was surveyed annually from 2010 to 2014. Measures include: consumption of whole drinks; binge drinking (>4 standard drinks on any occasion); parental supply of alcohol; supply from other sources; child, parent, family and peer covariates. RESULTS After adjustment, adolescents supplied alcohol by parents had higher odds of drinking whole beverages [odds ratio (OR) 1.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33-2.45] than those not supplied by parents. However, parental supply was not associated with bingeing, and those supplied alcohol by parents typically consumed fewer drinks per occasion (incidence rate ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.77-0.96) than adolescents supplied only from other sources. Adolescents obtaining alcohol from non-parental sources had increased odds of drinking whole beverages (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.86-3.45) and bingeing (OR 3.51, 95% CI 2.53-4.87). CONCLUSIONS Parental supply of alcohol to adolescents was associated with increased risk of drinking, but not bingeing. These parentally-supplied children also consumed fewer drinks on a typical drinking occasion. Adolescents supplied alcohol from non-parental sources had greater odds of drinking and bingeing. Further follow-up is necessary to determine whether these patterns continue, and to examine alcohol-related harm trajectories. Parents should be advised that supply of alcohol may increase children's drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Mattick
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre,University of New South Wales (UNSW) Australia,Sydney, NSW 2052,Australia
| | - M Wadolowski
- The Kirby Institute,University of New South Wales (UNSW) Australia,Sydney, NSW 2052,Australia
| | - A Aiken
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre,University of New South Wales (UNSW) Australia,Sydney, NSW 2052,Australia
| | - P J Clare
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre,University of New South Wales (UNSW) Australia,Sydney, NSW 2052,Australia
| | - D Hutchinson
- School of Psychology,Deakin University,Melbourne, VIC 3125,Australia
| | - J Najman
- Queensland Alcohol and Drug Research and Education Centre,University of Queensland,Brisbane, QLD 4072,Australia
| | - T Slade
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre,University of New South Wales (UNSW) Australia,Sydney, NSW 2052,Australia
| | - R Bruno
- School of Psychology,University of Tasmania,Hobart, TAS 7000,Australia
| | - N McBride
- National Drug Research Institute,Curtin University,GPO Box U1987,Perth, WA 6845,Australia
| | - L Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre,University of New South Wales (UNSW) Australia,Sydney, NSW 2052,Australia
| | - K Kypri
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Medicine and Public Health,University of Newcastle,Newcastle, NSW 2308,Australia
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Puuskari V, Aalto-Setälä T, Komulainen E, Marttunen M. Low self-esteem and high psychological distress are common among depressed adolescents presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Department. Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.21307/sjcapp-2017-004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Khoddam R, Jackson NJ, Leventhal AM. Internalizing symptoms and conduct problems: Redundant, incremental, or interactive risk factors for adolescent substance use during the first year of high school? Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 169:48-55. [PMID: 27771536 PMCID: PMC5140846 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM The complex interplay of externalizing and internalizing problems in substance use risk is not well understood. This study tested whether the relationship of conduct problems and several internalizing disorders with future substance use is redundant, incremental, or interactive in adolescents. METHODS Two semiannual waves of data from the Happiness and Health Study were used, which included 3383 adolescents (M age=14.1years old; 53% females) in Los Angeles who were beginning high school at baseline. Logistic regression models tested the likelihood of past six-month alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and any substance use at follow-up conditional on baseline conduct problems, symptoms of one of several internalizing disorders (i.e., Social Phobia and Major Depressive, Generalized Anxiety, Panic, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder), and their interaction adjusting for baseline use and other covariates. FINDINGS Conduct problems were a robust and consistent risk factor of each substance use outcome at follow-up. When adjusting for the internalizing-conduct comorbidity, depressive symptoms were the only internalizing problem whose risk for alcohol, tobacco, and any substance use was incremental to conduct problems. With the exception of social phobia, antagonistic interactive relationships between each internalizing disorder and conduct problems were found when predicting any substance use; internalizing symptoms was a more robust risk factor for substance use in teens with low (vs. high) conduct problems. CONCLUSIONS Although internalizing and externalizing problems both generally increase risk of substance use, a closer look reveals important nuances in these risk pathways, particularly among teens with comorbid externalizing and internalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubin Khoddam
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Nicholas J. Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles,Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Adam M. Leventhal
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
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Pedrelli P, Shapero B, Archibald A, Dale C. Alcohol use and depression during adolescence and young adulthood: a summary and interpretation of mixed findings. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2016; 3:91-97. [PMID: 27162708 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-016-0084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and alcohol misuse are common among adolescents and young adults and are associated with significant personal and societal problems. Similarly, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and depressive symptoms are prevalent in this population and when they co-occur with alcohol misuse lead to even more severe consequences. Numerous studies have investigated the association between depressive symptoms, AUD and various drinking behaviors presenting an unclear picture. In this review we summarize studies among adolescents and young adults that have examined these relationships. From this review it emerges that several factors affect results, including study design (cross-sectional vs longitudinal), participants' age (adolescents vs young adults), severity of problems considered (AUD vs heavy drinking; MDD vs depressive symptoms), and gender. Adolescents with AUD are at higher risk for MDD in particular at a younger age. During adolescence, several drinking behaviors, including weekly alcohol use and heavy drinking, increase the risk for depressive symptoms and MDD, while during young adulthood primarily AUD, but not other drinking behaviors, is associated with increased risk for MDD. Gender may have an effect on the association between depression and drinking behaviors but its role is still unclear. Some evidence suggests that the association between AUD and MDD is bidirectional such that mood problems contribute to the onset of alcohol problems and vice-versa. More longitudinal studies are needed to examine these associations in young adults and to clarify the effect of gender on these associations. To date, findings suggest the critical need to reduce any alcohol use at a young age and to treat both depressive symptoms and AUD to prevent the occurrence of comorbid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pedrelli
- Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School
| | - B Shapero
- Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School
| | | | - C Dale
- Massachusetts General Hospital
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Bronsard G, Alessandrini M, Fond G, Loundou A, Auquier P, Tordjman S, Boyer L. The Prevalence of Mental Disorders Among Children and Adolescents in the Child Welfare System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2622. [PMID: 26886603 PMCID: PMC4998603 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains unclear whether children and adolescents in the child welfare system (CWS) exhibit a higher prevalence of mental disorders compared with the general population. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of mental disorders in the CWS.A ll of the epidemiological surveys assessing the prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents in the CWS were included. The pooled prevalence was estimated with random effect models. Potential sources of heterogeneity were explored using meta-regression analyses.E ight studies provided prevalence estimates that were obtained from 3104 children and adolescents. Nearly 1 child or adolescent of every 2 (49%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 43-54) was identified as meeting criteria for a current mental disorder. The most common mental disorder was disruptive disorder (27%; 95% CI 20-34), including conduct disorder (20%; 95% CI 13-27) and oppositional defiant disorder (12%; 95% CI 10-14). The prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder was estimated to be 11% (95% CI 6-15). The prevalence estimates of anxiety and depressive disorders were 18% (95% CI 12-24) and 11% (95% CI 7-15). Posttraumatic stress disorder had the lowest prevalence (4%; 95% CI 2-6). High prevalences of mental disorders in the CWS were reported, which highlights the need for the provision of qualified service. The substantial heterogeneity of our findings is indicative of the need for accurate epidemiological data to effectively guide public policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Bronsard
- From the Maison Départementale de l'Adolescent et CMPPD (GB), Conseil Départemental des Bouches-du-Rhône, Marseille, France; Service d'épidémiologie et d'économie de la santé (MA, PA, LB), Pôle de Santé Publique, Hôpital La Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University (MA, AL, PA, LB), Marseille, France; INSERM U955 (GF), Translational Psychiatry team, Paris Est University, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France; Fondation Fondamental (GF), Fondation de Coopération en Santé Mentale; Network of Expert Centres for Schizophrenia (GF), Créteil, France; Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception (ST), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; and Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent de Rennes (ST), Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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Skogen JC, Knudsen AK, Hysing M, Wold B, Sivertsen B. Trajectories of alcohol use and association with symptoms of depression from early to late adolescence: The Norwegian Longitudinal Health Behaviour Study. Drug Alcohol Rev 2015; 35:307-16. [PMID: 26494431 DOI: 10.1111/dar.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Adolescence is a period in which many have an onset of alcohol use, but there is much heterogeneity in the individual development of alcohol use. Further, there is a general increase in depressive symptoms from early to late adolescence, but less is known about how different alcohol habit trajectories are associated with symptoms of depression. The aims of the present study were: to identify trajectories of alcohol consumption and drinking to intoxication during adolescence (age 13-18 years); and examine to what extent the different trajectories of alcohol use were associated with symptoms of depression over the same age span, from early to late adolescence. METHODS Data from the Norwegian Longitudinal Health Behaviour Study were employed. Latent class growth analyses were employed to identify different trajectories of both alcohol consumption and drinking to intoxication. The resulting trajectories for each participant were used to estimate the gender-adjusted association between different development of alcohol use and symptoms of depression. RESULTS Four trajectories of both alcohol consumption and drinking to intoxication were identified. The trajectories with an early onset of alcohol consumption or drinking to intoxication were associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms compared with late onset or stable low use trajectories. CONCLUSIONS The findings from the present study suggest that early onset developmental trajectories of alcohol use are associated with depression. Therefore, broad assessment and interventions targeting both alcohol and depression may be indicated among early onset alcohol users, especially if they report increasing levels of consumption. [Skogen JC, Knudsen AK, Hysing M, Wold B, Sivertsen B. Trajectories of alcohol use and association with symptoms of depression from early to late adolescence: The Norwegian Longitudinal Health Behaviour Study. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:307-316].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Public Mental Health, Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ann Kristin Knudsen
- Department of Health Registries, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mari Hysing
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bente Wold
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Public Mental Health, Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway
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Creswell KG, Chung T, Wright AGC, Clark DB, Black JJ, Martin CS. Personality, negative affect coping, and drinking alone: a structural equation modeling approach to examine correlates of adolescent solitary drinking. Addiction 2015; 110:775-83. [PMID: 25664806 PMCID: PMC4448111 DOI: 10.1111/add.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study examined the personality traits of negative emotionality and constraint and the ability to resist drinking during negative affective states as correlates of solitary drinking in adolescence. We hypothesized that higher levels of negative emotionality and lower levels of constraint would predict solitary drinking and that these relationships would be mediated by the ability to resist drinking in response to negative emotions. DESIGN Structural equation modeling was used to fit a path model from the personality traits of negative emotionality and constraint to solitary drinking status through intermediate effects on the ability to resist drinking during negative emotions using cross-sectional data. SETTING Clinical and community settings in Pennsylvania, USA. PARTICIPANTS The sample included 761 adolescent drinkers (mean age = 17.1). MEASUREMENTS Adolescents completed the Lifetime Drinking History, the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire, the Constructive Thinking Inventory and the Situational Confidence Questionnaire. FINDINGS The path model provided a good fit to the data. The association between trait negative emotionality and solitary drinking was fully mediated by adolescents' ability to resist drinking during negative affective states (b = 0.05, P = 0.01). In contrast, constraint had a direct effect on solitary drinking (odds ratio (OR) = 0.79, b = -0.23, P<0.01), as well as an indirect effect through the ability to resist drinking during negative affective states (b = -0.03, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The ability to resist drinking while experiencing negative feelings or emotions may be an important underlying mechanism linking trait negative emotionality (a tendency toward depression, anxiety and poor reaction to stress) and constraint (lack of impulsiveness) to adolescent solitary drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey G. Creswell
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tammy Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aidan G. C. Wright
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Duncan B. Clark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessica J. Black
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Pesola F, Shelton KH, Heron J, Munafò M, Maughan B, Hickman M, van den Bree MB. The mediating role of deviant peers on the link between depressed mood and harmful drinking. J Adolesc Health 2015; 56:153-9. [PMID: 25620300 PMCID: PMC4961232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.10.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE One's peer group can have a strong impact on depressed mood and harmful drinking in adolescence. It remains unclear whether affiliation with deviant peers explains the link between these traits. Our study aims to (1) explore the developmental relationship between harmful drinking and depressed mood in adolescence and (2) establish to which extent affiliation with deviant peers explains this relationship. METHODS A total of 4,863 adolescents from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children were assessed between the ages of 14 and 16 years. Harmful drinking was established using age-appropriate measures: the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism in mid-adolescence (age, 14 years) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test in late adolescence (age, 16 years). Depressed mood was measured by the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire at both ages. Affiliation with deviant peers was assessed at the age of 15 years. RESULTS Harmful drinking at the age of 14 years predicted depressed mood 2 years later. This association was explained by affiliation with deviant peers and remained present even after adjustment for earlier depressed mood. Depressed mood at the age of 14 years predicted harmful drinking at the age of 16 years via affiliation with deviant peers; however, this indirect effect disappeared when adjusting for adolescents' earlier harmful alcohol use (age, 14 years). No gender differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents who engage in early harmful drinking and subsequently become affiliated with a deviant peer group may be at particular risk of later depressed mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pesola
- Department of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK
| | | | - Jon Heron
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Marcus Munafò
- Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies and School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK & MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Barbara Maughan
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, SE5 8AF, London, UK
| | - Matthew Hickman
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Marianne B.M. van den Bree
- Department of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK,Corresponding author: Marianne B.M. van den Bree, PhD, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cathays, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, Phone: 029 20688433.
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Law EF, Bromberg MH, Noel M, Groenewald C, Murphy LK, Palermo TM. Alcohol and tobacco use in youth with and without chronic pain. J Pediatr Psychol 2015; 40:509-16. [PMID: 25617047 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsu116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare rates of alcohol and tobacco use in youth with and without chronic pain and to identify risk factors for use. METHODS Participants included 186 youth (95 mixed chronic pain; 91 without chronic pain; 12-18 years old) who reported current alcohol and tobacco use, pain intensity, activity limitations, loneliness, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Adolescents with chronic pain were less likely to use alcohol compared with adolescents without chronic pain (7.4% vs. 22%), and as likely to use tobacco (9% vs. 8%). Across groups, youth with higher depressive symptoms, less loneliness, and fewer activity limitations were more likely to endorse alcohol and tobacco use. Exploratory analyses revealed that risk factors for substance use differed among youth with and without chronic pain. CONCLUSIONS Chronic pain may not increase risk for tobacco and alcohol use in adolescents. Research is needed to understand use of other substances in this medically vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Law
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute
| | - Maggie H Bromberg
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute
| | - Melanie Noel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute
| | - Cornelius Groenewald
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute
| | - Lexa K Murphy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute
| | - Tonya M Palermo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute
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Sheidow AJ, Henry DB, Tolan PH, Strachan MK. The Role of Stress Exposure and Family Functioning in Internalizing Outcomes of Urban Families. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2014; 23:1351-1365. [PMID: 25601821 PMCID: PMC4296577 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-013-9793-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Although research suggests that stress exposure and family functioning are associated with internalizing problems in adolescents and caregivers, surprisingly few studies have investigated the mechanisms that underlie this association. To determine whether family functioning buffers the development of internalizing problems in stress-exposed families, we assessed the relation between stress exposure, family functioning, and internalizing symptoms among a large sample of inner-city male youth and their caregivers living in poverty across five waves of data collection. We hypothesized that stress exposure and family functioning would predict development of subsequent youth and caregiver internalizing problems and that family functioning would moderate this relation, with higher functioning families demonstrating greater resiliency to stress exposure. We used a longitudinal, prospective design to evaluate whether family functioning (assessed at waves one through four) activated or buffered the effects of stress exposure (assessed at wave one) on subsequent internalizing symptoms (assessed at waves four and five). Stress from Developmental Transitions and family functioning were significant predictors of depressive symptoms and anxiety in youth; however, family functioning did not moderate the relation. Family functioning mediated the relation between stress from Daily Hassles and internalizing outcomes suggesting that poor parenting practices, low structure, and low emotional cohesion activate depression and anxiety in youth exposed to chronic and frequent everyday stressors. Surprisingly, only family functioning predicted depressive symptoms in caregivers. Results validate the use of a comprehensive, multi-informant assessment of stress when investigating internalizing outcomes in youth and support using family-based interventions in the treatment and prevention of internalizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashli J Sheidow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
| | - David B Henry
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patrick H Tolan
- Youth-Nex Research Center, Curry School of Education, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Martha K Strachan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
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Externalizing disorders in adolescence mediate the effects of maternal depression on substance use disorders. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 42:185-94. [PMID: 23975078 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-013-9786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Maternal depression has been linked to increased risk of substance use disorders (SUDs) in offspring. Cross-sectional studies have identified relationships among maternal depression, externalizing disorders and SUDs, but no longitudinal examination of causality has been undertaken. In order to address this gap in the literature, depression and externalizing disorders at or prior to age 15 were tested as mediators of the relationship between maternal depression and SUDs diagnosed between ages 16 and 20 in a sample of 702 Australian youth (363 women) using path models. Mothers' and fathers' substance diagnoses and earlier onset of substance abuse in youth were controlled for in all analyses. Consistent with previous work, maternal depression predicted SUDs between ages 16 and 20. An indirect effect of maternal depression through youth externalizing disorders diagnosed by age 16 was detected for alcohol and cannabis use disorders, but not drug disorders. Early adolescent depression was not a mediator of the relationship between maternal depression and any of the substance outcomes measured. To our knowledge, this study is the first to examine depression and externalizing disorders in early adolescence as mediators of the effect of maternal depression on psychopathology in later adolescence. Further work is needed to understand how family environment and genetic factors may explain the mediation by externalizing disorders.
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