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Gonzales A, Lin JH, Cha JS. A year-long case study of multicomponent interventions to promote physical activity in office workers: A randomized control trial. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2024; 120:104333. [PMID: 38876003 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify if workplace interventions, (i.e., mindfulness classes and monetary incentives for gym attendance), influenced workers' physical activity. Office-based participants were randomized into one of four intervention assignments: 1) CONTROL (no interventions) (n = 40), 2) MINDFULNESS (n = 33), 3) GYM INCENTIVE (n = 41), or 4) BOTH mindfulness and gym incentive (n = 31). Activity-tracker and self-reported metabolic expenditure and step counts were gathered between January 2020 and December 2020 whereas the eight-week long interventions were provided between January and March 2020, when the impact of COVID-19 pandemic started. While physical activity decreased during the follow-up months, percent changes of physical activity at 1-, 2-, and 9-month follow-ups compared to baseline show no significant differences between or across the four intervention assignments (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the intervention assignments had no effect on physical activity from baseline. The lack of effectiveness of these interventions on participant physical activity could be attributed to the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, and any effects of the interventions could not outweigh the effects of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Gonzales
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, USA
| | - Jia-Hua Lin
- SHARP, Washington State Department of Labor & Industries, USA
| | - Jackie S Cha
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, USA.
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2
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Charnysh E, Pal S, Reader JM, Uhlmann WR, McCain S, Sanghavi K, Blasco D, Brandt R, Feero WG, Ferber R, Giri VN, Hendy K, Prince AER, Lee C, Roberts JS. Health care utilization and behavior changes after workplace genetic testing at a large US health care system. Genet Med 2024; 26:101160. [PMID: 38733246 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2024.101160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explored employee health behavior changes and health care utilization after workplace genetic testing (wGT). Wellness-program-associated wGT seeks to improve employee health, but the related health implications are unknown. METHODS Employees of a large US health care system offering wGT (cancer, heart disease, and pharmacogenomics [PGx]) were sent electronic surveys. Self-reported data from those who received test results were analyzed. Descriptive statistics characterized responses, whereas logistic regression analyses explored correlates of responses to wGT. RESULTS 53.9% (n = 418/776) of respondents (88.3% female, mean age = 44 years) reported receiving wGT results. 12.0% (n = 48/399) received results indicating increased risk (IR) of cancer, 9.5% (n = 38/398) had IR of heart disease, and 31.4% (n = 125/398) received informative PGx results. IR results for cancer and/or heart disease (n = 67) were associated with health behavior changes (adjusted odds ratio: 3.23; 95% CI 1.75, 6.13; P < .001) and health care utilization (adjusted odds ratio: 8.60; 95% CI 4.43, 17.5; P < .001). Informative PGx results (n = 125) were associated with medication changes (PGx-informative: 15.2%; PGx-uninformative: 4.8%; P = .002). CONCLUSION This study explored employee responses to wGT, contributing to the understanding of the ethical and social implications of wGT. Receiving IR results from wGT may promote health behavior changes and health care utilization in employees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subhamoy Pal
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jonathan M Reader
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Wendy R Uhlmann
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sarah McCain
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Kunal Sanghavi
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Drew Blasco
- Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV
| | | | | | - Rebecca Ferber
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Veda N Giri
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT
| | - Katherine Hendy
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Charles Lee
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT.
| | - J Scott Roberts
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI.
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Al Bizri A, Walani S, Nassar A, Saab B, Hanna Wakim R, Noureddine A, Chahrouri M, Nakad P, Jaber D, Yunis K. Workplace wellness across the lifespan: A pilot program for health promotion in a low- and middle-income country. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daae079. [PMID: 39028294 PMCID: PMC11258896 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daae079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering that a sizable segment of the population spends significant amount of time at work, workplaces have been identified as practical platforms for health educational programs. Although employee wellness programs in high-income countries have shown measurable benefits in productivity and physical and mental health, evidence-based programs in low- and middle-income countries, such as Lebanon, are unavailable. The aim is to develop and implement a pilot workplace wellness program focusing on health-related areas to improve health knowledge and behavior among working men and women of reproductive age. In collaboration with March of Dimes, the National Collaborative Perinatal Neonatal Network developed a culturally sensitive health education program focusing on lifestyle, infection, nutrition and family planning. Sessions were delivered by a multidisciplinary team of specialists at a local bank in Lebanon. To assess the impact of the program, participants completed Knowledge and Behavior Assessment Questionnaire (KBAQ) before and after implementation. KBAQ was conducted 6 months after implementation to measure retention and continuing impact. Forty-seven participants completed the program, of whom 44.7% are male, 98% have university degree and 56.5% are married. Total knowledge score improved significantly from 64.2 to 74.3 and remained significant at 6 months post-implementation with a score of 71.7 (p < 0.001). At 6-month follow-up, emotional score improved (p = 0.028), while smoking decreased (p = 0.008). Also, employees' health knowledge and behavior showed sustained and significant improvement. We plan to implement our program at other sites and among employees from different backgrounds to understand the impact of the wellness program on employees' knowledge and behaviors at a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayah Al Bizri
- National Collaborative Perinatal Neonatal Network, Department Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, PO Box: 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Salimah Walani
- Walani Global Initiatives, 8160 N Via Bueno, Scottsdale, AZ 85258, USA
| | - Anwar Nassar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, PO Box: 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Bassem Saab
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, PO Box: 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Rima Hanna Wakim
- Department Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, PO Box: 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Abir Noureddine
- Department Clinical Nutrition, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, PO Box: 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Mario Chahrouri
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, PO Box: 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Nakad
- National Collaborative Perinatal Neonatal Network, Department Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, PO Box: 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Dina Jaber
- National Collaborative Perinatal Neonatal Network, Department Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, PO Box: 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Khalid Yunis
- National Collaborative Perinatal Neonatal Network, Department Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, PO Box: 11-0236, Lebanon
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Pachucki MC, Hong CS, O'Malley AJ, Levy DE, Thorndike AN. Network spillover effects associated with the ChooseWell 365 workplace randomized controlled trial to promote healthy food choices. Soc Sci Med 2024; 355:117033. [PMID: 38981183 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Food choices are closely linked to culture, social relationships, and health. Because many adults spend up to half their time at work, the workplace provides a venue for changing population health-related behaviors and norms. It is unknown whether the effects of a workplace intervention to improve health behaviors might spread beyond participating employees due to social influence. ChooseWell 365 was a randomized controlled trial testing a 12-month healthy eating intervention grounded in principles of behavioral economics. This intervention leveraged an existing cafeteria traffic-light labeling system (green = healthy; red = unhealthy) in a large hospital workplace and demonstrated significant improvements in healthy food choices by employees in the intervention vs. control group. The current study used data from over 29 million dyadic purchasing events during the trial to test whether social ties to a trial participant co-worker (n = 299 intervention, n = 302 control) influenced the workplace food choices of non-participants (n = 7900). There was robust evidence that non-participants who were socially tied to more intervention group participants made healthier workplace food purchases overall, and purchased a greater proportion of healthy (i.e., green) food and beverages, and fewer unhealthy (i.e., red) beverages and modest evidence that the benefit of being tied to intervention participants was greater than being tied to control participants. Although individual-level effect sizes were small, a range of consistent findings indicated that this light-touch intervention yielded spillover effects of healthy eating behaviors on non-participants. Results suggest that workplace healthy eating interventions could have population benefits extending beyond participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Pachucki
- Department of Sociology & Computational Social Science Institute, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Chen-Shuo Hong
- Department of Sociology & Computational Social Science Institute, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - A James O'Malley
- Department of Biomedical Data Science and the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Douglas E Levy
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Mongan Institute Health Policy Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Anne N Thorndike
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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Kauppi K, Borg P, Roos E, Torkki P, Korpela K. Utility of an online well-being assessment in targeting employee well-being programmes: a cross-sectional survey study in Finland. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079708. [PMID: 38926144 PMCID: PMC11216052 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Occupational health challenges are changing, emphasising the need for a more comprehensive approach. This study examines how a subjective well-being assessment can be used to identify target groups for work well-being interventions and brings insight into how survey-based well-being evaluations are linked to clinical health indicators (ie, anthropometric measurements and blood tests). DESIGN A cross-sectional survey study using results from the Virta1 randomised controlled trial and a third-party well-being questionnaire database. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Online well-being survey data from 2990 respondents was used to identify target groups for work well-being interventions and clinical health indicator data from 713 respondents was used to examine how subjective evaluations are linked to physical health. RESULTS We identified five groups of employees with different well-being challenges and presenteeism levels: Good well-being, Hard on oneself, Lifestyle challenges, Recovery challenges and Multiple challenges. The subjective evaluations correlated with clinical health indicators, showing that the well-being groups differed significantly in their average clinical health profiles. Especially people in the Multiple challenges group had multiple physical health challenges, while people in the Good well-being and Hard on oneself groups did not. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that a subjective well-being assessment can identify different groups with distinct characteristics and health risks and that subjective evaluations of well-being correlate strongly with physical health. Online well-being assessment offers potentially a cost-effective way for occupational health providers to screen large populations to target physical health examinations to groups that need them the most and simultaneously get a better understanding of their well-being needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Kauppi
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Eira Roos
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medical Center Aava, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paulus Torkki
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Korpela
- Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Yang XC, Zhang XY, Liu YH, Liu FJ, Lin HX, Chang C, Cao WN. Association between workplace health promotion service utilisation and depressive symptoms among workers: a nationwide survey. Public Health 2024; 231:64-70. [PMID: 38636278 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Workplace-related factors are associated with the risk of depression. Despite implementation of workplace health promotion (WHP) programmes in China to promote the physical and mental well-being of workers, the relationship between WHP and depression has received limited attention. This study investigated the association between WHP service utilisation and depressive symptoms among workers. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional survey. METHODS A researcher-designed questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and occupational characteristics, WHP service utilisation, and mental health status. The Lasso method was used for variable selection to achieve dimension reduction, and logistic regression was used to assess the association between WHP service utilisation and depressive symptoms. RESULTS The analysis included 11,710 workers, of whom 17.0% had depressive symptoms. Lasso regression resulted in 6 of 18 WHP services showing significant negative associations with depressive symptoms, including occupational safety training, mental health services, health check-ups, sports activities, fitness rooms, and healthy canteens. The logistic regression results showed that, after adjusting for sociodemographic and occupational factors, utilisation of these six services was associated with a decreased likelihood of depressive symptoms. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73-0.96) for occupational safety training, aOR: 0.82 (95% CI: 0.68-0.99) for mental health services, aOR: 0.80 (95% CI: 0.71-0.90) for health check-ups, aOR: 0.68 (95% CI: 0.57-0.80) for sports activities, aOR: 0.59 (95% CI: 0.47-0.74) for fitness rooms and aOR: 0.72 (95% CI: 0.59-0.87) for healthy canteens. CONCLUSIONS Utilisation of WHP services was associated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. Implementation of WHP services and the provision of a supportive workplace environment should be prioritised to benefit the mental health of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X C Yang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - X Y Zhang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y H Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - F J Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - H X Lin
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - C Chang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - W N Cao
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Cheng J, Levy D, McCurley J, Rimm E, Gelsomin E, Thorndike A. Differential effect by chronic disease risk: A secondary analysis of the ChooseWell 365 randomized controlled trial. Prev Med Rep 2024; 42:102736. [PMID: 38699077 PMCID: PMC11063590 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Whether employees' health status is associated with the effectiveness of workplace health promotion programs is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine if the effect of a workplace healthy eating intervention differed by baseline chronic disease status. Methods This was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial conducted September 2016 to February 2018 among US hospital employees to test the effect of a 12-month behavioral intervention (personalized feedback, peer comparisons, and financial incentives) on diet and weight. Participants were classified as having chronic disease (yes/no) based on self-reported hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, stroke, pre-diabetes, diabetes, cancer or another serious illness. BMI was measured at study visits and calories purchased were measured from cafeteria sales data over 24 months. Mixed models with random effects assessed heterogeneity of treatment effects by chronic disease. Results Participants (N = 548) were mostly female (79.7 %) and white (81.2 %); 224 (40.9 %) had chronic disease. Among those with chronic disease, intervention participants reduced caloric intake by 74.4 [22.3] kcal more than control, with a smaller difference between intervention and control (-1.9 [18.7] kcal) (three-way p-interaction = 0.02). The effect on BMI for those with chronic disease (0.47 [0.21] kg/m2) indicated weight stability among intervention participants and weight gain among controls while the effect (-0.56 [0.18] kg/m2) for those without chronic disease was the opposite (three-way p-interaction < 0.01). Conclusions Those with chronic diseases had greater reductions in calories purchased and gained less weight. Employers with limited resources for health promotion might consider tailoring programs to employees at highest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D.E. Levy
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Mongan Institute Health Policy Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - E.B. Rimm
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E.D. Gelsomin
- Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A.N. Thorndike
- Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Agarwal AK, Southwick L, Gonzales RE, Bellini LM, Asch DA, Shea JA, Mitra N, Yang L, Josephs M, Kopinksy M, Kishton R, Balachandran M, Benjamin Wolk C, Becker-Haimes EM, Merchant RM. Digital Engagement Strategy and Health Care Worker Mental Health: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2410994. [PMID: 38787562 PMCID: PMC11127125 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance The health care workforce continues to experience high rates of depression and anxiety. Finding ways to effectively support the mental health and well-being of health care workers is challenging. Objective To test the effectiveness of remote, pushed digital assessments and engagement to improve depression and anxiety among health care workers compared with usual care. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a 9-month randomized clinical trial with a 6-month intervention period. Participants were health care workers with self-reported daily access to a smartphone and at least 4 clinical hours per week. Participants were randomized to usual care or the intervention between January 2022 and March 2023. Data analyses were conducted between May and July 2023. Interventions All participants completed baseline, 6-month, and 9-month mental health, well-being, and burnout assessments. The control group had open access to a web-based mental health platform. Participants in the intervention group received monthly text messaging about mental health, mental health assessments, and linkages to care. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcomes were mean change in depression and anxiety scores at 6 months from baseline. Secondary outcomes include mean change in well-being, burnout, and self-reported workplace productivity. Results In this study, 1275 participants were randomized (642 [50.4%] to the intervention group and 633 [49.6%] to control group). Participants had a mean (SD) age of 38.6 (10.9) years, 1063 participants (83.4%) were female, 320 (25.1%) self-identified as Black, and 793 (62.2%) self-identified as White. Across the groups, the mean difference in depression score was significantly different at 6 months (-0.96 [95% CI, -1.52 to -0.40]) and at 9 months (-1.14 [95% CI, -1.69 to -0.58]). The mean difference in anxiety score from baseline to 6 months was statistically significantly larger for those in the intervention group vs usual care (-0.71 [95% CI, -1.25 to -0.17]) and held true at 9 months (-1.06 [95% CI, -1.59 to -0.52]). Conclusions and Relevance In a trial of health care workers, a proactive digital engagement strategy, including pushed text messaging, mobile mental health assessments, and connection to care, improved depression and anxiety over a 6-month period compared with simply making the same resources available for individuals to find and use. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05028075.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish K. Agarwal
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Digital Health, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Lauren Southwick
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Digital Health, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Rachel E. Gonzales
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Digital Health, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Lisa M. Bellini
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David A. Asch
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Judy A. Shea
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nandita Mitra
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Josephs
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Michael Kopinksy
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Rachel Kishton
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mohan Balachandran
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | | | | | - Raina M. Merchant
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Digital Health, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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Schult TM, Mohr DC, Greenfield RH, Reddy KP. The Impact of Involvement in Whole Health System for Veterans or Participating in It for Oneself on Job Attitudes in VA Employees. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:e131-e136. [PMID: 38588074 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to examine how involvement in the Whole Health System of care, clinically and personally (through employee-focused activities), would affect employee satisfaction, engagement, burnout, and turnover intent in the Veterans Health Administration. METHODS Multivariate logistic regression analysis of cross-sectional survey from Veterans Health Administration employees was used to determine the influence of Whole Health System involvement and Employee Whole Health participation on job attitudes. RESULTS Whole Health System involvement was associated higher job satisfaction, higher levels of engagement, lower burnout, and lower turnover intent. A similar pattern of results was identified when looking specifically at Employee Whole Health participation and associated job attitudes. CONCLUSIONS Employees who are either directly involved in delivering Whole Health services to veterans or who have participated in Whole Health programming for their own benefit may experience a meaningful positive impact on their well-being and how they experience the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara M Schult
- From the Veterans Health Administration, Office of Patient Centered Care and Cultural Transformation, Washington, DC (T.M.S., R.H.G., K.P.R.); Veterans Health Administration, National Center for Organization Development, Cincinnati, Ohio (D.C.M.); and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (K.P.R.)
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Ben Nathan C, Ben Nathan J, Chou YT, Joshi SM, Gallagher C, Chao AM. Benefits managers' attitudes toward obesity treatment coverage. Obes Res Clin Pract 2024; 18:94-100. [PMID: 38637266 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite the existence of effective treatments, obesity continues to present a severe public health crisis. Limited access to treatments works against efforts to reduce obesity prevalence. A major barrier to treatment access is a lack of insurance coverage. This study focused on an important population of stakeholders: benefits managers. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between attitudes about insurance coverage of obesity treatments and obesity stigma. Benefits managers have the ability to advocate for insurance coverage of medical interventions. We assessed whether attitudes toward covering obesity benefits for employees could be modified by receiving targeted information or were associated with particular factors. We recruited participants from Dun & Bradstreet's employer database using emails. Participants were randomized to one of three conditions that provided written information about: (1) prevalence of obesity (control), (2) prevalence + financial implications of obesity, and (3) prevalence + physiology of obesity. Questionnaires were self-administered online. The response rate was 4.8%, with 404 participants meeting eligibility criteria. While attitudes toward coverage of obesity interventions did not differ significantly based on condition (p > 0.05), gender, history of previous obesity treatment, and an individual's likelihood to attribute obesity to biological and environmental factors showed significant associations with supporting coverage of obesity treatment (p < 0.05). Findings suggest that understanding obesity as a condition caused by biological factors as opposed to personal responsibility and behavior is associated with greater support for coverage of all its treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ben Nathan
- Marketing Department, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer Ben Nathan
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yung-Tang Chou
- Department of Computer and Information Science, School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sukanya M Joshi
- Department of Computer and Information Science, School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christine Gallagher
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington DC 20052, USA
| | - Ariana M Chao
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Bergquist SH, Wang D, Fall R, Bonnet JP, Morgan KR, Munroe D, Moore MA. Effect of the Emory Healthy Kitchen Collaborative on Employee Health Habits and Body Weight: A 12-Month Workplace Wellness Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:517. [PMID: 38398841 PMCID: PMC10892851 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Teaching kitchens are being used to facilitate lifestyle changes with a focus on culinary and nutrition programs to improve health behaviors. Less is known regarding their use as a worksite wellness program and their influence on employees' quality of life, body weight, and adoption of healthy behaviors. We evaluated changes in self-reported healthy behaviors, overall health, and weight during a one-year multidisciplinary teaching kitchen program. METHODS Thirty-eight benefits-eligible employees were recruited, screened based on a priori eligibility criteria that prioritized elevated body mass index (BMI), co-morbid conditions, and high levels of motivation to make lifestyle changes, and consented to participate in The Emory Healthy Kitchen Collaborative. This 12-month program included a 10-week didactic and experiential curriculum followed by continued support and access to health coaching implemented in an academic health system university hospital workplace between 2019 and 2020. Comparative statistics, paired t-test, Mcnemar's tests, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to assess changes at four time points. RESULTS Participants improved diet quality (p ≤ 0.0001), increased confidence in tasting new foods (p = 0.03), and increased mindful eating habits (p = 0.00002). Significant changes were seen in physical activity levels; aerobic activities (p = 0.007), strength resistance activities (p = 0.02), and participation in yoga (p = 0.002). Most participants weighed within 5 lbs. of their starting weight at 3 months (p = 0.57). CONCLUSIONS A teaching kitchen intervention is an innovative model for improving employee health behaviors and general health self-perception.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danyang Wang
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA (J.P.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Rokhaya Fall
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.H.B.)
| | - Jonathan P. Bonnet
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA (J.P.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Krystyna R. Morgan
- Woodruff Health Sciences Center, Office of Well-Being, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Dominique Munroe
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA (J.P.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Miranda A. Moore
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.H.B.)
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA (J.P.B.); (D.M.)
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Skarbek A, Endsley P, Chrisman MS, Hastert M, Stellwagen C. Exploring Wellness Through Concept Analysis. J Sch Nurs 2024; 40:86-96. [PMID: 37070135 DOI: 10.1177/10598405231165510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern wellness is a concept that has been discussed in the literature since the 1960's. To better understand wellness complexities in a school setting, a concept analysis was conducted using a modified version of Walker and Avant's method incorporating the nursing paradigm in the implications. A literature review was conducted and except for background information, the publication dates were limited to 2017-2022. Key search terms included "wellness," "school wellness," "wellness concept." Additional literature reviews were conducted based on data related to the definitions, attributes, antecedents, and consequences of wellness that were collected from the reviewed studies. Defining attributes of wellness included healthy habits, conscientiousness, and optimum state of health. The antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of wellness were identified with examples from the literature and case exemplars. Wellness is a dynamic process that has unique implications for school health and school nurses. This concept analysis lays the foundation for future research incorporating nursing domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Skarbek
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - P Endsley
- School Nurse, Wells High School, Wells, ME, USA
| | - M S Chrisman
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - M Hastert
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - C Stellwagen
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Kauppi K, Roos E, Borg P, Torkki P. Building Consensus on Domains of Wellness Using Finnish and International Expert Panels: A Delphi-Method Study. Am J Health Promot 2024; 38:228-237. [PMID: 37770022 PMCID: PMC10802088 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231204147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The paper investigates whether we can build consensus on wellness domains and create a more universal conceptual framework for wellness. DESIGN A modified ranking type of Delphi method. PARTICIPANTS Two separate panels consisting of 23 Finnish and 11 international experts. METHODS Panels were asked to rate the importance of 61 systematic review-based wellness domains and to eventually form a wellness model in both panels. The similarities between the resulting models were investigated and a new conceptual framework for wellness was created. RESULTS The Finnish model included 8 themes and 20 domains, and the international model 5 themes and eleven domains. Eight of the eleven domains were an exact match for the Finnish model (namely mental health, cognitive health, exercise, nutrition, community, life satisfaction, meaningfulness, work-life balance). There were also 2 similar domains that could be found in both models (namely self-care and lifestyle habits, social networks). A new conceptual framework for wellness was created based on these ten domains. CONCLUSION The lack of consensus on the wellness construct has made it difficult to find comparable measures that could assess and improve the level of wellness of individuals, organizations, and society. This study offers a conceptual framework that can be further validated and turned into a more universal measurement instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Kauppi
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Aisti Health Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eira Roos
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medical Center Aava, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Paulus Torkki
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Oliver D. David Oliver: Work wellness programmes aren't the key to improving NHS morale or retention. BMJ 2024; 384:q224. [PMID: 38296341 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
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Hidaka T, Kakamu T, Endo S, Masuishi Y, Kasuga H, Hata A, Miura R, Funayama Y, Tajimi K, Fukushima T. Associations of endurance, muscle strength, and balanced exercise with subjective sleep quality in sedentary workers: A cross-sectional study. Work 2024; 78:761-770. [PMID: 38160388 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal exercise combination for improving sleep quality among sedentary workers is unclear. OBJECTIVE To reveal what combination of exercises contributes to good sleep quality. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 5,201 sedentary workers who underwent health examinations in 2019. Data on sleep quality, basic attributes, energy expenditure, and lifestyle aspects such as exercise and physical activity, supper time close to bedtime, and alcohol intake were obtained. The subjects reported their exercise habits by selecting up to three forms of exercise from a list of 182 options, which were classified into three types: endurance (e.g., jogging), muscle strength (e.g., bench pressing), and balanced types which combined both endurance and muscle strength characteristics. (e.g., walking). These forms were then categorized into eight combination patterns: endurance only; muscle strength only; balanced only; endurance and muscle strength; endurance and balanced; muscle strength and balanced; all types; and absence of any exercise habits. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations between the exercise combination patterns and sleep quality. RESULTS Good sleep quality was significantly associated with "endurance" (OR = 1.419; 95% CI 1.110-1.814), "balanced only" (OR = 1.474; 95% CI 1.248-1.741), and "endurance and balance" (OR = 1.782; 95% CI 1.085-2.926) exercise patterns. No significant associations were found between the combinations that included muscle strength exercises and sleep quality. CONCLUSION The endurance or balanced-type exercises, or a combination of both, may help to improve the sleep quality of sedentary workers as part of occupational health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoo Hidaka
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takeyasu Kakamu
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shota Endo
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Masuishi
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kasuga
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Akiko Hata
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Rieko Miura
- Koriyama Health Promotion Foundation, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | | | - Tetsuhito Fukushima
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Brown L, Perkins J, Acuña J, Thacker J, Bolds C, Hawkins M, Stewart J, Barroso J, Sommer S, Van der Eerden J, Heckman B, Osman A, Smith T, Alexander L, Harvick A, Link T, Crawley A, Nabaweesi R, Aboubaker M, Shaw-KaiKai J, Foster N, Glaze-Johnson B, Hoke J, Audet C, Sales J, Pettit A. Community-based participatory research to guide adoption of culturally responsive trauma-informed HIV care throughout Nashville, Tennessee. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3739954. [PMID: 38168447 PMCID: PMC10760313 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3739954/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Background Psychological trauma is a highly prevalent driver of poor health among people with HIV (PWH) in the Southern United States (U.S.). Trauma-informed care (TIC) has potential to advance national Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) goals, but formative research is needed to tailor TIC implementation to complex and interdependent HIV networks. Methods: We applied a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to iteratively engage personnel from high volume HIV care institutions in Nashville, Tennessee. Current practices and potential implementation determinants were identified through participatory process mapping (PM) and key informant interviews. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was applied to deductively code interview data. Personnel attending a dissemination summit developed a network-wide implementation plan. Results Data were collected with personnel from five institutions (e.g., community-based organizations, primary care clinics, public health department), for PM (n=48), interviews (n=35), and the summit (n=17). Results suggest there are limited trauma screenings, assessments, and services across the network. Relevant Characteristics of Individuals included a trauma-sensitive workforce committed to continuous learning and TIC adoption. Relevant Inner Setting Factors were networks and communications, with strong tension for change, high compatibility with TIC, and need for advancing cultural responsiveness. Relevant Outer Setting Factors included patient needs and resources and cosmopolitanism, with need for better leveraged mental health services. Relevant Process domains were champions and leadership, with need to diversify championship among leaders. Relevant Intervention Characteristics included relative advantage and complexity, with need for personnel wellness initiatives and increased engagement with the community as service designers. Four recommendations included development of shared communication systems, personnel wellness campaigns, routine evaluations to inform practices, and culturally responsive care initiatives. Conclusion Modifiable TIC determinants were identified, and a community-created implementation plan was developed to guide adoption. Future research will focus on city-wide implementation and strengthening pre-implementation research in other settings.
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Berkman LF, Kelly EL, Hammer LB, Mierzwa F, Bodner T, McNamara T, Koga HK, Lee S, Marino M, Klein LC, McDade TW, Hanson G, Moen P, Buxton OM. Employee Cardiometabolic Risk Following a Cluster-Randomized Workplace Intervention From the Work, Family and Health Network, 2009-2013. Am J Public Health 2023; 113:1322-1331. [PMID: 37939328 PMCID: PMC10632833 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2023.307413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. To examine whether workplace interventions to increase workplace flexibility and supervisor support and decrease work-family conflict can reduce cardiometabolic risk. Methods. We randomly assigned employees from information technology (n = 555) and long-term care (n = 973) industries in the United States to the Work, Family and Health Network intervention or usual practice (we collected the data 2009-2013). We calculated a validated cardiometabolic risk score (CRS) based on resting blood pressure, HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin), HDL (high-density lipoprotein) and total cholesterol, height and weight (body mass index), and tobacco consumption. We compared changes in baseline CRS to 12-month follow-up. Results. There was no significant main effect on CRS associated with the intervention in either industry. However, significant interaction effects revealed that the intervention improved CRS at the 12-month follow-up among intervention participants in both industries with a higher baseline CRS. Age also moderated intervention effects: older employees had significantly larger reductions in CRS at 12 months than did younger employees. Conclusions. The intervention benefited employee health by reducing CRS equivalent to 5 to 10 years of age-related changes for those with a higher baseline CRS and for older employees. Trial Registration. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02050204. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(12):1322-1331. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307413).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa F Berkman
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Erin L Kelly
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Leslie B Hammer
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Frank Mierzwa
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Todd Bodner
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Tay McNamara
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Hayami K Koga
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Soomi Lee
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Miguel Marino
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Laura C Klein
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Thomas W McDade
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Ginger Hanson
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Phyllis Moen
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Leslie B. Hammer is with the Center for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. Frank Mierzwa is with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Todd Bodner is with the Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Tay McNamara is with the Women's Studies Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Hayami K. Koga is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Soomi Lee is with the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Laura C. Klein and Orfeu M. Buxton are with the Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Thomas W. McDade is with the Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ginger Hanson is with the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD. Phyllis Moen is with the Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
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Fond G, Smith L, Boussat B, Lucas G, Yon DK, Tran B, Nguyen TT, Stubbs B, Boyer L. Association between physical activity and health in healthcare professionals : Results from the nationwide AMADEUS survey. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2023; 71:102183. [PMID: 37944193 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2023.102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of healthcare professionals engaging in insufficient levels of physical activity (PA) and to identify sociodemographic, professional and health characteristics associated with insufficient PA levels. METHODS We conducted a nationwide online cross-sectional study targeting healthcare professionals in France from May 2021 to June 2021. Participant recruitment involved outreach through social networks, professional networks, and email invitations. PA levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), with insufficient PA defined as weekly PA totaling less than 600 mets/week. RESULTS The study included a total of 10,325 participants, of whom 3939 (38.1%, 95% confidence interval 37.1-39.0%) exhibited insufficient levels of PA. In the multivariable analysis, we identified factors associated with insufficient PA: ages between 35-44 (aOR=1.58, 95%CI [1.21-2.06], p=.001) and 45-54 years (aOR=1.40, 95%CI [1.07-1.83], p =.015), gender (female aOR=1.47, 95%CI [1.12-1.44], p<.001), and professions including health executive (aOR=1.27, 95%CI [1.32-1.64], p<.001), nurse assistant (aOR=1.25, 95%CI [1.07-1.47], p=.006), and physician (aOR=1.18, 95%CI [1.03-1.34], p=.015). Additionally, burnout (aOR=1.32, 95%CI [1.21-1.44], p<.001), tobacco use (aOR=1.33, 95%CI [1.20-1.58], p<.001), being overweight (aOR=1.39, 95%CI [1.28-1.52], p<.001), major depression (aOR=1.44, 95%CI [1.20-1.47], p<.001), and sleep disorders (aOR=1.14, 95%CI [1.05-1.25], p=.002) were associated with insufficient PA. Work night shifts was associated with sufficient PA. CONCLUSION Our study has revealed a substantial prevalence of healthcare professionals with insufficient PA levels. This prevalence, coupled with various associated health-damaging behaviors and mental health issues, underscores the importance of acknowledging the barriers they encounter in adopting a physically active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Fond
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, UR3279, 27 boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bastien Boussat
- Service d'épidémiologie et évaluation médicale, Epidemiology and medical evaluation unit, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire TIMC-IMAG, UMR 5525 Joint Research Unit, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, National Center for Scientific Research, Université Grenoble-Alpes, France
| | - Guillaume Lucas
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, UR3279, 27 boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bach Tran
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, UR3279, 27 boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tham Thi Nguyen
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, UR3279, 27 boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, UR3279, 27 boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
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Haddas R, Botros M, D'Agostino CR, Jablonski J, Ramirez G, Vasalos K, Thirukumaran C, Rubery PT. The effect of a workplace wellness program on disability, function and pain in healthcare providers workers with low back pain-outcomes of 3040 academic health center employees. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2023; 32:4405-4419. [PMID: 37875680 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE (1) Identification of musculoskeletal risk factors for healthcare providers suffering low back pain (LBP) and the creation of risk profiles for those individuals and (2) analyze the impact of a workplace wellness program on healthcare providers who suffer from low back pain. METHODS A total of 3040 employees at an academic healthcare center underwent a computer-adaptive survey of health-related quality of life (HRQOL), biometric tests, and a disability and functional movement assessment as part of the workplace wellness program (WWP). Clinical interventions with a rehabilitation specialist were offered to employees identified as at risk for low back pain. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive methods and multivariable regressions to address the study objectives. RESULTS Of the 3040 healthcare providers enrolled in this study, 77% identified with non-specific LBP with greater weakness, numbness, reduced flexibility, and physical activity. The major predictive risk factors for LBP were Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) pain interference score, PROMIS fatigue, previous work injury, flexibility, numbness, PROMIS social function, level of education, and BMI. Healthcare providers with LBP who completed the WWP improved in most dimensions of HRQOL and disability and functional outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A high proportion of healthcare providers suffer from LBP as a result of the nature of their work. Disability and functional outcomes measurements and PROMIS results quantitatively assess healthcare providers with LBP. Organizations can develop injury mitigation programs to target employees at high risk of LBP using the risk factors we identify. Completion of the WWP was associated with improvements in disability, HRQOL and functional measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Haddas
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Mina Botros
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Charles R D'Agostino
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Justin Jablonski
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Gabriel Ramirez
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Kostantinos Vasalos
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Caroline Thirukumaran
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Paul T Rubery
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
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Huckfeldt PJ, Yu JC, O'Leary PK, Harada ASM, Pajewski NM, Frenier C, Espeland MA, Peters A, Bancks MP, Seabury SA, Goldman DP. Association of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes With Labor Market Outcomes. JAMA Intern Med 2023; 183:1071-1079. [PMID: 37578773 PMCID: PMC10425863 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.3283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Importance An intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) has been shown to improve diabetes management and physical function. These benefits could lead to better labor market outcomes, but this has not been previously studied. Objective To estimate the association of an ILI for weight loss in type 2 diabetes with employment, earnings, and disability benefit receipt during and after the intervention. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study included participants with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity and compared an ILI with a control condition of diabetes support and education. Data for the original trial were accrued from August 22, 2001, to September 14, 2012. Trial data were linked with Social Security Administration records to investigate whether, relative to the control group, the ILI was associated with improvements in labor market outcomes during and after the intervention period. Difference-in-differences models estimating relative changes in employment, earnings, and disability benefit receipt between the ILI and control groups were used, accounting for prerandomization differences in outcomes for linked participants. Outcome data were analyzed from July 13, 2020, to May 17, 2023. Exposure The ILI consisted of sessions with lifestyle counselors, dieticians, exercise specialists, and behavioral therapists on a weekly basis in the first 6 months, decreasing to a monthly basis by the fourth year, designed to achieve and maintain at least 7% weight loss. The control group received group-based diabetes education sessions 3 times annually during the first 4 years, with 1 annual session thereafter. Main Outcomes and Measures Employment and receipt of federal disability benefits (Supplemental Security Income and Social Security Disability Insurance), earnings, and disability benefit payments from 1994 through 2018. Results A total of 3091 trial participants were linked with Social Security Administration data (60.1% of 5145 participants initially randomized and 97.0% of 3188 of participants consenting to linkage). Among the 3091 with fully linked data, 1836 (59.4%) were women, and mean (SD) age was 58.4 (6.5) years. Baseline clinical and demographic characteristics were similar between linked participants in the ILI and control groups. Employment increased by 2.9 (95% CI, 0.3-5.5) percentage points for the ILI group relative to controls (P = .03) with no significant relative change in disability benefit receipt (-0.9 [95% CI, -2.1 to 0.3] percentage points; P = .13). Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cohort study suggest that an ILI to prevent the progression and complications of type 2 diabetes was associated with higher levels of employment. Labor market productivity should be considered when evaluating interventions to manage chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Huckfeldt
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis
| | - Jeffrey C Yu
- Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Ltd, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul K O'Leary
- Office of Retirement and Disability Policy, Social Security Administration
| | - Ann S M Harada
- Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Nicholas M Pajewski
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Chris Frenier
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis
- Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anne Peters
- Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Michael P Bancks
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Seth A Seabury
- Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Dana P Goldman
- Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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21
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Christiansen HJ, Søgaard K, Justesen JB, Sjøgaard G, Dalager T. Long Term Cardiovascular Health Effects of Intelligent Physical Exercise Training Among Office Workers-A 2 Year Follow up of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:813-819. [PMID: 37231634 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to assess long-term effects of intelligent physical exercise training (IPET) on cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2max ) and cardiometabolic measures. METHODS Office workers were randomized to a control group (CG, n = 194) or a training group (TG, n = 193). The TG received 1-hour weekly IPET during paid working hours for 2 years and recommendations to perform 30-minute leisure time physical activity 6 d/wk (LPA). RESULTS Training group compared with CG demonstrated a significantly larger increase in VO 2max of 0.13 ± 0.06 L/min and improved cardiometabolic measures at 1-year follow-up that were maintained at 2-year follow-up, with larger increases in VO 2max among high-adherence participants. CONCLUSIONS Intelligent physical exercise training and LPA showed the potential for long-term improved VO 2max and cardiometabolic measures. These findings emphasize the effectiveness of integrating IPET during paid working hours, and the significance of adherence to training was underlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helle Joon Christiansen
- From the Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark (H.J.C., K.S., J.B.J., G.S., T.D.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (H.J.C., T.D.)
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22
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Alidu L, Al-Khudairy L, Bharatan I, Bird P, Campbell N, Currie G, Hemming K, Jolly K, Kudrna L, Lilford R, Martin J, Quinn L, Schmidtke KA, Yates J. Protocol for a cluster randomised waitlist-controlled trial of a goal-based behaviour change intervention for employees in workplaces enrolled in health and wellbeing initiatives. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282848. [PMID: 37769002 PMCID: PMC10538707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Many workplaces offer health and wellbeing initiatives to their staff as recommended by international and national health organisations. Despite their potential, the influence of these initiatives on health behaviour appears limited and evaluations of their effectiveness are rare. In this research, we propose evaluating the effectiveness of an established behaviour change intervention in a new workplace context. The intervention, 'mental contrasting plus implementation intentions', supports staff in achieving their health and wellbeing goals by encouraging them to compare the future with the present and to develop a plan for overcoming anticipated obstacles. We conducted a systematic review that identified only three trials of this intervention in workplaces and all of them were conducted within healthcare organisations. Our research will be the first to evaluate the effectiveness of mental contrasting outside a solely healthcare context. We propose including staff from 60 organisations, 30 in the intervention and 30 in a waitlisted control group. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of how to empower and support staff to improve their health and wellbeing. Trial registration: ISRCTN17828539.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lailah Alidu
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
| | - Lena Al-Khudairy
- Warwick Medical School, Health Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, England
| | - Ila Bharatan
- Warwick Business School, Entrepreneurship & Innovation Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, England
| | - Paul Bird
- West Midlands Academic Health Science Network, West Midlands, England
| | - Niyah Campbell
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
| | - Graeme Currie
- Warwick Business School, Entrepreneurship & Innovation Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, England
| | - Karla Hemming
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
| | - Kate Jolly
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
| | - Laura Kudrna
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
| | - Richard Lilford
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
| | - James Martin
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
| | - Laura Quinn
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
| | - Kelly Ann Schmidtke
- University of Health Science and Pharmacy, St Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - James Yates
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
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23
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Supples MW, McIlwain JS, Snavely AC, Powell SL, Winslow JE, Stopyra JP, Mahler SA. Workplace Health Promotion Programs Available to Emergency Medical Services Clinicians in North Carolina. PREHOSP EMERG CARE 2023; 28:335-341. [PMID: 37669502 DOI: 10.1080/10903127.2023.2256391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians demonstrate a high prevalence of chronic medical conditions that place them at risk for early mortality. Workplace health promotion programs improve health outcomes, but the availably of such programs for EMS clinicians has not been described. We investigate the availability, scope, and participation of workplace health promotion programs available to EMS clinicians in North Carolina (NC). METHODS We administered an electronic survey based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Worksite Health ScoreCard to key representatives of EMS agencies within NC that provide primarily transport-capable 9-1-1 response with ground ambulances. We collected information on agency size, rurality, elements of health promotion programs offered, incentives for participation, and participation rate. We calculated descriptive statistics using frequency and percentage for worksite and health promotion program characteristics. We compared the participation rate for agencies who did and did not incentivize participation using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Complete responses were received from 69 of 92 agencies (response = 75%) that collectively employ 6679 EMS clinicians [median employees per agency 71 (IQR 50-131)]. Most agencies (88.4%, 61/69) offered at least one element of a worksite health program, but only 13.0% (9/69) offered all elements of a worksite health program. In descending order, the availability of program elements were employee assistance programs (73.9%, 51/69), supportive physical and social environment (66.7%, 46/69), health education (62.3%, 43/69), health risk assessments (52.2%, 36/69), and organization culture of health promotion (20.3%, 14/69). Of agencies with programs, few (11.5%, 7/61) required participation, but most (59.0%, 36/61) offered incentives to participate. Participation rates were <25% among nearly all of the agencies that did not offer incentives, but >50% among most agencies that did offer incentives (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION While most agencies offer at least one element of a worksite health promotion program, few agencies offer all elements and participation rates are low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Supples
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joseph S McIlwain
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anna C Snavely
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen L Powell
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - James E Winslow
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Emergency Medical Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jason P Stopyra
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Simon A Mahler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Allan J, Olcon K, Everingham R, Fox M, Pai P, Mackay M, Keevers L. Leading wellness in healthcare: A qualitative study of leadership practices for wellness in hospital settings. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285103. [PMID: 37467299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ways of dealing with workplace stress and enhancing healthcare workers wellness are sought globally. The aim of this study was to explore healthcare leaders' practice in relation to the implementation of a workplace wellness program called SEED in the context of multiple crises (bushfires and COVID-19) affecting a local health district in New South Wales, Australia. Practice theory informed interviews (n = 23), focus groups (n = 2) and co-analysis reflexive discussions (n = 2) that were conducted with thirteen leaders and twenty healthcare workers. A pragmatic approach to program implementation for healthcare workers' wellness explored the process and actions that resulted from leadership practice in an inductive thematic analysis. Preliminary themes were presented in the co-analysis sessions to ensure the lived experiences of the SEED program were reflected and co-interpretation of the data was included in the analysis. Three key themes were identified. 1) Leading change-implementing a wellness program required leaders to try something new and be determined to make change happen. 2) Permission for wellness-implicit and explicit permission from leaders to engage in wellness activities during worktime was required. 3) Role-modelling wellness-leaders viewed SEED as a way to demonstrate leadership in supporting and caring for healthcare workers. SEED provided a platform for leaders who participated to demonstrate their leadership practices in supporting wellness activities. Leadership practices are critical to the implementation of healthcare wellness programs. The implementation of SEED at a time of unprecedented crisis gave leaders and healthcare workers opportunities to experience something new including leadership that was courageous, responsive and authentic. The study highlighted the need for workplace wellness programs to intentionally include leaders rather than only expect them to implement them. The practices documented in this study provide guidance to others developing, implementing and researching workplace wellness programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julaine Allan
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katarzyna Olcon
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ruth Everingham
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mim Fox
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Padmini Pai
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maria Mackay
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lynne Keevers
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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25
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Jalil MF, Tariq B, Ali A. Does meaningful work mediate the relationship between empowering leadership and mental health? Evidence from Malaysian SME employees. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2023; 8:1138536. [PMID: 37520493 PMCID: PMC10375414 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2023.1138536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction In Malaysia, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) account for more than half of all employment and 98.7% of all businesses. There is little research on empowering behaviors in SMEs, despite leadership empowerment being often practiced. Therefore, the study aims to investigate how empowering leadership affects employees' mental health. The study also reveals meaningful work's role in mediating the relationship between empowering leadership and employees' mental health. Methods A stratified random sample approach was used to collect data from 516 employees of Malaysian SMEs. The data was analyzed, and the hypothesis was tested using structural equation modeling (AMOS 21.0) with bootstrap confidence intervals computed to evaluate the mediating effect. Results The results demonstrate that empowering leadership significantly improves employees' mental health. Furthermore, the association between empowering leadership and mental health is partially mediated by meaningful work. Discussion This study contributes to the present empowering leadership-meaningful work-mental health model for SME employees, which reduces stress and anxiety at the workplace and positively impacts psychological empowerment and their capacity to control their overall emotions in instances of success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bilal Tariq
- Department of Economics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Azlan Ali
- Graduate School of Management, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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26
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Al-Khudairy L, Akram Y, Watson SI, Kudrna L, Hofman J, Nightingale M, Alidu L, Rudge A, Rawdin C, Ghosh I, Mason F, Perera C, Wright J, Boachie J, Hemming K, Vlaev I, Russell S, Lilford RJ. Evaluation of an organisational-level monetary incentive to promote the health and wellbeing of workers in small and medium-sized enterprises: A mixed-methods cluster randomised controlled trial. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001381. [PMID: 37410723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
We conducted an independent evaluation on the effectiveness of an organisational-level monetary incentive to encourage small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to improve employees' health and wellbeing. This was A mixed-methods cluster randomised trial with four arms: high monetary incentive, low monetary incentive, and two no monetary incentive controls (with or without baseline measurements to examine 'reactivity' The consequence of particpant awareness of being studied, and potential impact on participant behavior effects). SMEs with 10-250 staff based in West Midlands, England were eligible. We randomly selected up to 15 employees at baseline and 11 months post-intervention. We elicited employee perceptions of employers' actions to improve health and wellbeing; and employees' self-reported health behaviours and wellbeing. We also interviewed employers and obtained qualitative data. One hundred and fifty-two SMEs were recruited. Baseline assessments were conducted in 85 SMEs in three arms, and endline assessments in 100 SMEs across all four arms. The percentage of employees perceiving "positive action" by their employer increased after intervention (5 percentage points, pp [95% Credible Interval -3, 21] and 3pp [-9, 17], in models for high and low incentive groups). Across six secondary questions about specific issues the results were strongly and consistently positive, especially for the high incentive. This was consistent with qualitative data and quantitative employer interviews. However, there was no evidence of any impact on employee health behaviour or wellbeing outcomes, nor evidence of 'reactivity'. An organisational intervention (a monetary incentive) changed employee perceptions of employer behaviour but did not translate into changes in employees' self-reports of their own health behaviours or wellbeing. Trial registration: AEARCTR-0003420, registration date: 17.10.2018, retrospectively registered (delays in contracts and identfying a suitable trial registry). The authors confirm that there are no ongoing and related trials for this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Al-Khudairy
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Yasmin Akram
- West Midlands Combined Authority, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel I Watson
- Institue Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Kudrna
- Institue Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Andrew Rudge
- West Midlands Combined Authority, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Rawdin
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Iman Ghosh
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Frances Mason
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Chinthana Perera
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Wright
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Boachie
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Karla Hemming
- West Midlands Combined Authority, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ivo Vlaev
- Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Sean Russell
- West Midlands Combined Authority, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Lilford
- Institue Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
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Adjognon OL, Cohen-Bearak A, Kaitz J, Bokhour BG, Chatelain L, Charns MP, Mohr DC. Factors affecting the implementation of employee whole health in the veterans health administration: a qualitative evaluation. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:600. [PMID: 37291554 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing recognition of the need to focus on the health and well-being of healthcare employees given high rates of burnout and turnover. Employee wellness programs are effective at addressing these issues; however, participation in these programs is often a challenge and requires large scale organizational transformation. The Veterans Health Administration (VA) has begun to roll out their own employee wellness program-Employee Whole Health (EWH)-focused on the holistic needs of all employees. This evaluation's goal was to use the Lean Enterprise Transformation (LET) model for organizational transformation to identify key factors-facilitators and barriers-affecting the implementation of VA EWH. METHODS This cross-sectional qualitative evaluation based on the action research model reflects on the organizational implementation of EWH. Semi-structured 60-minute phone interviews were conducted in February-April 2021 with 27 key informants (e.g., EWH coordinator, wellness/occupational health staff) knowledgeable about EWH implementation across 10 VA medical centers. Operational partner provided a list of potential participants, eligible because of their involvement in EWH implementation at their site. The interview guide was informed by the LET model. Interviews were recorded and professionally transcribed. Constant comparative review with a combination of a priori coding based on the model and emergent thematic analysis was used to identify themes from transcripts. Matrix analysis and rapid turnaround qualitative methods were used to identify cross-site factors to EWH implementation. RESULTS Eight common factors in the conceptual model were found to facilitate and/or hinder EWH implementation efforts: [1] EWH initiatives, [2] multilevel leadership support, [3] alignment, [4] integration, [5] employee engagement, [6] communication, [7] staffing, and [8] culture. An emergent factor was [9] the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on EWH implementation. CONCLUSIONS As VA expands its EWH cultural transformation nationwide, evaluation findings can (a) enable existing programs to address known implementation barriers, and (b) inform new sites to capitalize on known facilitators, anticipate and address barriers, and leverage evaluation recommendations through concerted implementation at the organization, process, and employee levels to jump-start their EWH program implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omonyêlé L Adjognon
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Health Law, Policy & Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adena Cohen-Bearak
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Bedford Healthcare System , Bedford, MA, USA
| | | | - Barbara G Bokhour
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Bedford Healthcare System , Bedford, MA, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Leslie Chatelain
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin P Charns
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Health Law, Policy & Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C Mohr
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Health Law, Policy & Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Lucia C, Zhiwei G, Michele N. Biometrics for Industry 4.0: a survey of recent applications. JOURNAL OF AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE AND HUMANIZED COMPUTING 2023; 14:1-23. [PMID: 37360775 PMCID: PMC10230486 DOI: 10.1007/s12652-023-04632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, represents the rise of digital industrial technology that is propagating at an exponential rate compared to the previous three revolutions. Interoperability is a basis of production, where there is a continuous exchange of information between machines and production units that act autonomously and intelligently. Workers play a central role in making autonomous decisions and using advanced technological tools. It may involve using measures that distinguish individuals, and their behaviours and reactions. Increasing the level of security, allowing only authorized personnel access to designated areas, and promoting worker welfare can have a positive impact on the entire assembly line. Thus, capturing biometric information, with or without individuals' knowledge, could allow identity verification and monitoring of of their emotional and cognitive states during the daily actions of work life. From the study of the literature, we outline three macro categories in which the principles of Industry 4.0 are merged and the functionalities of biometric systems are exploited: security, health monitoring, and quality work life analysis. In this review, we present an overview of all biometric features used in the context of Industry 4.0 with a focus on their advantages, limitations, and practical use. Attention is also paid to future research directions for which new answers are being explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gao Zhiwei
- University of Northumbria, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Marin-Farrona M, Wipfli B, Thosar SS, Colino E, Garcia-Unanue J, Gallardo L, Felipe JL, López-Fernández J. Effectiveness of worksite wellness programs based on physical activity to improve workers' health and productivity: a systematic review. Syst Rev 2023; 12:87. [PMID: 37226273 PMCID: PMC10207792 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the scientific literature has previously described the impact of worksite programs based on physical activity (WPPAs) on employees' productivity and health in different contexts, the effect of these programs has not been analyzed based on the characteristics or modalities of physical activity (PA) performed (e.g., aerobic exercise, strength training, flexibility). In addition, studies on WPPAs usually report health and productivity outcomes separately, not integrated into a single study. Knowing the health and economic-related impacts of a WPPAs could provide useful information for stakeholders and policy development. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was as follows: (1) to analyze the effect of different modalities of WPPAs on employees' productivity and health and (2) to investigate the economic impact of WPPAs. METHODS This systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021230626) and complies with PRISMA guidelines. Only randomized controlled trials from 1997 to March 2021 were included. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and full texts for study eligibility, extracted the data, and performed a quality assessment using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk-of-Bias Tool for randomized trials. Population, instruments, comparison, and outcome (PICO) elements were used to define eligibility criteria. Eight-hundred sixty relevant studies were found through electronic searches in PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases. Once the eligibility criteria were applied, a total of 16 papers were included. RESULTS Workability was the productivity variable most positively impacted by WPPAs. Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and musculoskeletal symptoms health variables improved in all the studies included. It was not possible to fully examine the effectiveness of each exercise modality because of the heterogeneity in methodology, duration, and working population. Finally, cost-effectiveness could not be analyzed because this information was not reported in most studies. CONCLUSION All types of WPPAs analyzed improved workers' productivity and health. However, the heterogeneity of WPPAs does not allow to identify which modality is more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marin-Farrona
- IGOID Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Brad Wipfli
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Saurabh S. Thosar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Enrique Colino
- Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda Km 1,800, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Garcia-Unanue
- IGOID Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Leonor Gallardo
- IGOID Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Felipe
- IGOID Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Jorge López-Fernández
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Calle Tajo S/N, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
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Nyhus Dhillon C, Ortenzi F. Assessing the Impact of Workforce Nutrition Programmes on Nutrition, Health and Business Outcomes: A Review of the Global Evidence and Future Research Agenda. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20095733. [PMID: 37174251 PMCID: PMC10178561 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
One in three people globally suffers from at least one form of malnutrition, leading to poor health outcomes and low productivity in the workplace. The workplace offers an important, relatively unexploited opportunity to address malnutrition in all its forms. This narrative literature review aims to understand the impact of workforce nutrition programmes on nutrition, health, and business outcomes, based on high-strength-of-evidence studies. We used PubMed as our primary research database, complemented by Google Scholar, to identify systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomised controlled trials published between January 2010 and October 2021. In total, 26 records were included. We found that comprehensive workforce nutrition programmes, including a variety of intervention areas, and/or programmes targeting high-risk categories of workers (overweight/obese or (pre-)diabetic) were more likely to be effective on nutrition, health, and business outcomes. Within comprehensive and targeted programmes, individualised counselling and worksite environmental modifications were often mentioned as the most effective components. However, a high degree of heterogeneity in outcome measures and programme designs made it difficult to draw strong conclusions on the impact of workforce nutrition interventions. Limited evidence was found on business outcomes, longer-term effects of interventions, and programme implementation in LMICs. Therefore, further research is needed to address these evidence gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Flaminia Ortenzi
- The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
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31
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Miller AG, Burr KL, Juby J, Hinkson CR, Hoerr CA, Roberts KJ, Smith BJ, Strickland SL, Rehder KJ. Enhancing Respiratory Therapists' Well-Being: Battling Burnout in Respiratory Care. Respir Care 2023; 68:692-705. [PMID: 37076431 PMCID: PMC10171344 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Burnout is a major problem in health care and is associated with adverse sequelae for patients, health care workers, and organizations. Burnout among respiratory therapists (RTs) is as high as 79% and is associated with poor or ineffective leadership, inadequate staffing, high work load, non-leadership position, and work environment. An understanding of burnout is necessary for both staff and leadership to ensure RT well-being. This narrative review will discuss the psychology of burnout, prevalence, drivers, mitigation strategies, and future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jerin Juby
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Karsten J Roberts
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian J Smith
- University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Shawna L Strickland
- Rush University, Chicago, Illinois; and American Epilepsy Society, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kyle J Rehder
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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Green L, Taddei-Allen P. Shifting paradigms: Reframing coverage of antiobesity medications for plan sponsors. J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2023; 29:564-568. [PMID: 37121250 PMCID: PMC10387974 DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2023.29.5.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patty Taddei-Allen
- School of Pharmacy, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL
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Reynolds GS, Bennett JB. The Role of Wellness Climate in Small Business Health Promotion and Employee Wellbeing. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SCIENCE 2023:1-36. [PMID: 37359456 PMCID: PMC10131546 DOI: 10.1007/s41542-023-00148-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Wellness involves physical, emotional, behavioral, social, and spiritual dimensions. A climate for wellness exists at both the psychological and organizational levels, consisting of individual and shared perceptions of policies, structures, and managerial behavior that support or promote employee wellbeing. This study explored the associations between psychological and organizational wellness climate and the effectiveness of a team health promotion training on employees' perceived physical and mental wellbeing and substance use. Employees from 45 small businesses completed self-report measures of wellness climate, wellbeing, positive unwinding behavior, work-family conflict, job stress, drug use, and alcohol use, assessed before, and one and six months after, attending either of two types of onsite health promotion training. Team Awareness training targeted improvements in the social climate at work. Healthy Choices training targeted individual health behavior. A control group did not receive training until after the study. Businesses were randomly assigned to conditions and data were analyzed using multi-level modeling. Models that included wellness climate as a mediator fit the data significantly better than models without climate as a mediator. Team Awareness participants showed greater improvements in wellness climate and wellbeing compared to the control group. Healthy Choices participants showed no changes in climate and no mediation effects of climate. Health promotion efforts may be enhanced by including wellness climate as a target in program design at multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Shawn Reynolds
- Organizational Wellness & Learning Systems, 2221 Justin Rd. #119485, Flower Mound, TX 75028 USA
| | - Joel B. Bennett
- Organizational Wellness & Learning Systems, 2221 Justin Rd. #119485, Flower Mound, TX 75028 USA
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Levine JA. The Fidget Factor and the obesity paradox. How small movements have big impact. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1122938. [PMID: 37077429 PMCID: PMC10106700 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1122938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis is that the Fidget Factor is the innate neurological pulse that propels humans and other species to move to support their health. Fidgets, previously thought to be spontaneous, are neurologically regulated and highly ordered (non-random). Modern societies being chair-based overwhelm Fidget Factor pulses and consequently inflict chair-based living for transportation, labor, and leisure. Despite impulses firing through the nervous system, people sit because environmental design overwhelms the biology. Urbanization and chair-based societies were designed after the industrial revolution to promote productivity; however, the consequence has been opposite. Crushing the natural urge to move—the Fidget Factor—is a public health calamity. Excess sitting is associated with a myriad of detrimental health consequences and impairs productivity. Fidgeting may reduce all-cause mortality associated with excessive sitting. The Fidget Factor offers hope; data demonstrate that workplaces and schools can be designed to promote activity and free people's Fidget Factors. Evidence shows that people are happier, healthier, wealthier, and more successful if their Fidget Factors are freed.
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Das SK, Silver RE, Vail TA, Chin MK, Blanchard CM, Dickinson SL, Chen X, Ceglia L, Saltzman E, Allison DB, Roberts SB. Randomized controlled trial of a novel lifestyle intervention used with or without meal replacements in work sites. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:374-389. [PMID: 36695057 PMCID: PMC10184298 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lifestyle interventions have had limited effectiveness in work sites when evaluated in randomized trials. This study assessed the effectiveness of a novel lifestyle intervention for weight loss (Healthy Weight for Living [HWL]) implemented with or without meal replacements (MR) in work sites. HWL used a new behavioral approach emphasizing reducing hunger and building healthy food preferences, and, unlike traditional lifestyle interventions, it did not require calorie counting. METHODS Twelve work sites were randomized to an 18-month intervention (n = 8; randomization within work sites to HWL, HWL + MR) or 6-month wait-listed control (n = 4). Participants were employees with overweight or obesity (N = 335; age = 48 [SD 10] years; BMI = 33 [6] kg/m2 ; 83% female). HWL was group-delivered in person or by videoconference. The primary outcome was 6-month weight change; secondary outcomes included weight and cardiometabolic risk factors measured at 6, 12, and 18 months in intervention groups. RESULTS Mean 6-month weight change was -8.8% (95% CI: -11.2% to -6.4%) for enrollees in HWL and -8.0% (-10.4% to -5.5%) for HWL + MR (p < 0.001 for both groups vs. controls), with no difference between interventions (p = 0.40). Clinically meaningful weight loss (≥5%) was maintained at 18 months in both groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A new lifestyle intervention approach, deliverable by videoconference with or without MR, supported clinically impactful weight loss in employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Krupa Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel E. Silver
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taylor A. Vail
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meghan K. Chin
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caroline M. Blanchard
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie L. Dickinson
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Xiwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Lisa Ceglia
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Saltzman
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David B. Allison
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Susan B. Roberts
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Vallis M. Behaviour Change to Promote Diabetes Outcomes: Getting More From What We Have Through Dissemination and Scalability. Can J Diabetes 2023; 47:85-89. [PMID: 36184369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The potential benefits of advanced medical treatments (pharmacotherapies) and technologies (diagnostics, devices and apps) are unrealized due to lack of sustained behaviour change in individuals living with type 2 diabetes. The lack of scale-up of effective health behaviour change interventions limits health improvement. Identification of mediators of behaviour change (adherence, self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation) can address this limitation by shifting the focus of behaviour change from input (which behaviour change strategy to choose) to output (what can the person adhere to and sustain). Technology and accessing the workplace environment to promote change offer scalable opportunities for facilitating health behaviour change in populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Vallis
- Family Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Lucini D, Pagani E, Capria F, Galiano M, Marchese M, Cribellati S, Parati G. Age Influences on Lifestyle and Stress Perception in the Working Population. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020399. [PMID: 36678269 PMCID: PMC9865201 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Workplace health promotion programs and services offered by insurers may play a fundamental role to foster health/well-being and to prevent chronic diseases. To this end, they should be tailored to companies/employees’ requirements and characteristics. In particular, age needs to be taken into account, considering both that young age workers are generally healthy, and that young age is the best period in lifespan to address prevention and instilling healthy behaviors. We employed an anonymous, simple web-based questionnaire (filled out by 1305 employees) which furnishes data regarding lifestyle (nutrition, exercise, smoking, stress, sleep, etc.), some of which were used to build a unique descriptor (Lifestyle Index; 0−100 higher scores being healthier). We considered three subgroups accordingly to age: ≤30; between 30 and 50; >50 years. This study showed age influences lifestyle and stress perception in the working population: the youngest employees (both men and women) presented the worst lifestyle index, particularly in its stress component. This observation may potentially be useful to tailor workplace health promotion programs and to personalize insurance protocols and services offered to employees. The practical message of our study is that in healthy young people focusing only on medical parameters (frequently within normal ranges in this cohort), albeit important, may be not sufficient to foster proactive actions to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases in adult life. Vice versa, driving their attention on current behaviors might elicit their proactive role to improve lifestyle, getting immediate advantages such as well-being improvement and the possibility to best manage stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lucini
- BIOMETRA Department, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
- Exercise Medicine Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20135 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-619112808
| | - Eleonora Pagani
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Gianfranco Parati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20149 Milan, Italy
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Guerrero AD, Herman A. A Worksite Health Promoting Program for Early Head Start and Head Start Workforce. Health Promot Pract 2023:15248399221142897. [PMID: 36635872 PMCID: PMC10659567 DOI: 10.1177/15248399221142897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early Head Start (EHS) and Head Start (HS) staff comprise a large segment of the public sector workforce and experience numerous risk and chronic factors for medical conditions or symptoms. Few health and wellness workplace interventions, however, specifically focus on EHS/HS staff. METHODS A train-the-trainer (TTT) approach was used to build capacity among directors and staff from 57 EHS/HS programs on how to strategically plan and implement a health promoting worksite program focusing on improving nutrition and physical activity practices among EHS/HS staff. Baseline and 3-month post-training questionnaires assessed EHS/HS staff changes on knowledge and practices related to nutrition and physical activity. Paired t-tests or chi2 statistics assessed changes in questionnaire responses over time. RESULTS 1,363 staff from 57 programs completed baseline and follow-up surveys. Staff had high knowledge regarding healthful dietary patterns at baseline. Over one-third of staff reported drinking soda with meals and almost 50% identified soda as their most common drink. Roughly one-third of staff also reported no physical activity in the prior week at baseline. Staff demonstrated significant improvements in dietary, nutrition, and physical activity practices. Staff also improved grocery shopping behaviors. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The TTT approach to disseminate an EHS/HS staff-focused health promotion program, "Eat Healthy, Stay Active!' provides a potentially promising strategy to build upon and disseminate more broadly to reach the over >300,000 EHS/HS staff workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma D. Guerrero
- UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ariella Herman
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Westervelt K, Rose GL, Avery S, Celley A, Cho J, Donoghue R, Goodrich B. Employee Group Coaching Program for University and Hospital Employees During COVID-19: A Feasibility Study. GLOBAL ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE AND HEALTH 2023; 12:27536130231207856. [PMID: 37868691 PMCID: PMC10588399 DOI: 10.1177/27536130231207856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Workplace wellbeing programs can be beneficial but range widely in approach. A group coaching model offers numerous benefits. Objective To evaluate feasibility of group coaching for employees during COVID-19. Methods Employees (n = 29) at a university and university hospital underwent a 12-week group coaching program. Measurements of feasibility -- including enrollment, attendance at sessions goal attainment and satisfaction -- and exploratory outcomes including perceived physical and mental health and stress were administered at beginning, middle, and end of the program, plus 2 follow-ups. Results Twenty-six of the 29 program enrollees (96% women; 65% university employees) opted to complete surveys at 1 or more time points, and 9 individuals completed surveys at all 5 time points. Median attendance was 9 sessions. Participants opted to focus on movement, nutrition and mind/body goals and all participants reported making progress toward their goal during the program. Exploratory wellness outcomes showed meaningful improvements in perceived physical and mental health and reduced stress during the program, with return to near baseline 12 weeks after program completion. Perceptions of workplace wellness culture varied by employer. Conclusion Despite pandemic-related disruptions to life, work, and health, online group coaching is feasible and acceptable to participants. The program should be replicated to evaluate whether the improvements in exploratory wellness outcomes observed during the program are statistically significant. The apparent return to baseline levels by 24 weeks suggests that post-program maintenance support may be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Westervelt
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Gail L. Rose
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Scott Avery
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Alisha Celley
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Josh Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Rory Donoghue
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Brennan Goodrich
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Cortez AR, Delman AM, Quillin RC. Examining the transplant case composition of early-career transplant surgeons. Clin Transplant 2023; 37:e14839. [PMID: 36281997 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Fellowship training established by the American Society of Transplant Surgeons and certified by the Transplant Accreditation and Certification Council provides trainees with broad exposure and practice readiness for the core aspects of abdominal transplantation. However, the operative case mix of a new transplant surgeon early in practice is unknown. This study examined the volume and composition of the transplant case mix of early-career transplant surgeons to better inform residents interested in transplantation about potential career opportunities following fellowship. cas 209 early-career transplant surgeons were identified from the UNOS database containing encrypted surgeon-specific identifiers and were included in this study. At 5 years into practice, there were 85 (40.7%) kidney-predominant, 38 (18.2%) liver-predominant, and 86 (41.1%) multiorgan transplant surgeons. Comparing surgeon subgroups, multiorgan surgeons performed more transplants in year 5 of practice than both liver-predominant and kidney-predominant surgeons (both p < .05). This is the first study to describe the transplant case composition of the early-career transplant surgeons. This data can be used to inform aspiring transplant surgeons about potential career opportunities and to assist fellowship programs in guiding and mentoring fellows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Cortez
- Cincinnati Research in Education in Surgical Training (CREST), Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Aaron M Delman
- Cincinnati Research in Education in Surgical Training (CREST), Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ralph C Quillin
- Cincinnati Research in Education in Surgical Training (CREST), Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Romani M, Ahmed MA, Salman DO, Hamadeh G, Assaf SA, Sakr CJ. Prevalence and Characteristics of Health and Wellness Programs for Arab Hospitals' Employees: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:623-634. [PMID: 37050921 PMCID: PMC10084828 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s391603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Compared to the general workforce, hospital staff has a greater incidence of chronic diseases and mental health illnesses. Wellness programs have been shown to improve the health and well-being of hospital employees by reducing risk factors and promoting healthy behaviors. In the Arab World, there are no available studies on the number, nature, or impact of wellness services provided to healthcare workers. Objective The study aims to assess the prevalence, characteristics, and components of health and wellness programs targeting hospital employees in Arab countries. It also aims to test the association of hospitals' characteristics and the challenges faced by these hospitals with the availability of such programs. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire in English and Arabic emailed to directors of Arab hospitals registered in the Arab Hospital Federation. Results Only 39.5% of the hospitals in the Arab region have an established wellness program. No significant association was found between hospital characteristics and the availability of these wellness programs. The most provided services for hospital staff are Flu vaccine (90.7%), pre-employment medical exam (79.1%), healthy food options (65.1%), and health risk assessment (60.5%), while the least common provided services are mental health (20.9%) and stress management (23.3%). The most common challenges facing wellness services (scale: 0-10) are financial restriction (5.95), creating a culture of health (5.88), and motivating employees (5.56). Only 4.7% of hospitals provide incentives to participate in their wellness programs. Conclusion In general, Arab hospitals lack a wellness culture, and more investment is needed in essential wellness services such as mental health, weight reduction, stress management, and smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Romani
- Health and Wellness Center, Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut, Hamra, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed A Ahmed
- Health and Wellness Center, Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut, Hamra, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Doaa O Salman
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut, Hamra, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan Hamadeh
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Sara A Assaf
- Employee Health Unit, Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut, Hamra, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carine J Sakr
- Employee Health Unit, Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut, Hamra, Beirut, Lebanon
- Correspondence: Carine J Sakr, Employee Health Unit, Department of Family Medicine, AUBMC, Cairo Street, Hamra, Beirut, Lebanon, Email
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Nsibandze BS. Diversity in maintaining health of populations. Health SA 2022; 27:2137. [PMID: 36570092 PMCID: PMC9772758 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v27i0.2137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bonisile S. Nsibandze
- Department of General Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eswatini, Mbabane, Eswatini
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Sexton JB, Adair KC, Cui X, Tawfik DS, Profit J. Effectiveness of a bite-sized web-based intervention to improve healthcare worker wellbeing: A randomized clinical trial of WISER. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1016407. [PMID: 36568789 PMCID: PMC9773843 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Problems with the wellbeing of healthcare workers (HCWs) are widespread and associated with detrimental consequences for the workforce, organizations, and patients. Objective This study tested the effectiveness of the Web-based Implementation for the Science of Enhancing Resilience (WISER) intervention, a positive psychology program, to improve six dimensions of the wellbeing of HCWs. Design We conducted a randomized controlled trial of HCWs between 1 April 2018 and 22 July 2019. Cohort 1 received WISER daily for 10 days. Cohort 2 acted as a waitlist control before receiving WISER. Setting Web-based intervention for actively employed HCWs across the United States. Participants Eligibility criteria included being ≥18 years old and working as a HCW. Each participant was randomized to start the intervention or serve as a waitlist control for 14 days before starting the intervention. Interventions Cohorts received links via 10 texts exposing them to introductory videos and positive psychology exercises (3 good things, cultivating awe, random acts of kindness, cultivating relationships, and gratitude letters). Main outcomes and measures The primary outcome was emotional exhaustion; secondary outcomes included depressive symptoms, work-life integration, happiness, emotional thriving, and emotional recovery. All outcomes were assessed at baseline, 1-week post-intervention (primary endpoint), and 1, 6, and 12-month post-intervention. Outcomes were measured using six validated wellbeing instruments, rescaled to 100-point scales for comparison. Six items assessed participants' WISER experience. The analysis employed mixed-effects models. Results In cohorts 1 and 2, 241 and 241 initiated WISER, and 178 (74%) and 186 (77%) completed the 6-month follow-up, respectively. Cohort populations were similar at baseline, mostly female (81; 76%) and nurses (34; 32%) or physicians (22; 23%), with 1-10 years of experience in their current position (54; 52%). Relative to control, WISER significantly improved depressive symptoms [-7.5 (95%CI: -11.0, -4.0), p < 0.001], work-life integration [6.5 (95%CI: 4.1, 8.9), p < 0.001], happiness [5.7 (95%CI: 3.0, 8.4), p < 0.001], emotional thriving [6.4 (95%CI: 2.5, 10.3), p = 0.001], and emotional recovery [5.3 (95%CI: 1.7, 8.9), p = 0.004], but not emotional exhaustion [-3.7 (95%CI: -8.2, 0.8), p = 0.11] at 1 week. Combined cohort results at 1, 6, and 12 months showed that all six wellbeing outcomes were significantly improved relative to baseline (p < 0.05 for all). Favorable impressions of WISER were reported by 87% of participants at the 6-month post-assessment. Conclusion and relevance WISER improved HCW depressive symptoms, work-life integration, happiness, emotional thriving, and emotional recovery. Improvements in all HCW wellbeing outcomes endured at the 1-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. HCW's impressions of WISER were positive. Clinical trials number https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/, identifier: NCT02603133. Web-based Implementation for the Science of Enhancing Resilience Study (WISER).
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Bryan Sexton
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States,Duke Center for Healthcare Safety and Quality, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States,*Correspondence: J. Bryan Sexton
| | - Kathryn C. Adair
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States,Duke Center for Healthcare Safety and Quality, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Xin Cui
- Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, United States,California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Daniel S. Tawfik
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Jochen Profit
- Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, United States,California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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Blewitt C, Savaglio M, Madden SK, Meechan D, O’Connor A, Skouteris H, Hill B. Using Intervention Mapping to Develop a Workplace Digital Health Intervention for Preconception, Pregnant, and Postpartum Women: The Health in Planning, Pregnancy and Postpartum (HiPPP) Portal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15078. [PMID: 36429795 PMCID: PMC9690929 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Digital health interventions that specifically target working women across the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum (PPP) life stages may address the unique barriers to engaging in healthy lifestyle behaviours and self-care during this life phase. This paper describes the development of a workplace digital health intervention to promote healthy lifestyles and wellbeing for PPP women working at a community service organization in Australia. Intervention Mapping is a framework that guides program development, implementation, and evaluation. Steps 1 to 5 of Intervention Mapping methodology (needs assessment through to program implementation) were used, including identification of determinants and change objectives across socioecological levels (i.e., individual, interpersonal, and organisational) and iterative co-design and stakeholder engagement processes. The workplace digital health intervention was successfully developed and implemented as an online portal. Content included key strategies, information, and supports to promote health and wellbeing across PPP, including supporting the return to work in the postpartum period. Examples of resource pages included a parental leave checklist, process flows, Pride resources, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander resources. Findings from a pilot feasibility study indicate the portal was accessible and beneficial for women in PPP life stages. The Intervention Mapping protocol may offer a valuable roadmap for collaborative design of interventions targeting PPP women's behaviour and organisational work culture. Future work is needed to evaluate whether such interventions lead to improvements in women's health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Blewitt
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Melissa Savaglio
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Seonad K. Madden
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia
| | - Donna Meechan
- MacKillop Family Services, South Melbourne, VIC 3205, Australia
| | - Amanda O’Connor
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Helen Skouteris
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Briony Hill
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
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Langevin S, Caspi A, Barnes JC, Brennan G, Poulton R, Purdy SC, Ramrakha S, Tanksley PT, Thorne PR, Wilson G, Moffitt TE. Life-Course Persistent Antisocial Behavior and Accelerated Biological Aging in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14402. [PMID: 36361282 PMCID: PMC9657643 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Prior research shows that individuals who have exhibited antisocial behavior are in poorer health than their same-aged peers. A major driver of poor health is aging itself, yet research has not investigated relationships between offending trajectories and biological aging. We tested the hypothesis that individuals following a life-course persistent (LCP) antisocial trajectory show accelerated aging in midlife. Trajectories of antisocial behavior from age 7 to 26 years were studied in the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study, a population-representative birth cohort (N = 1037). Signs of aging were assessed at age 45 years using previously validated measures including biomarkers, clinical tests, and self-reports. First, we tested whether the association between antisocial behavior trajectories and midlife signs of faster aging represented a decline from initial childhood health. We then tested whether decline was attributable to tobacco smoking, antipsychotic medication use, debilitating illnesses in adulthood, adverse exposures in childhood (maltreatment, socioeconomic disadvantage) and adulthood (incarceration), and to childhood self-control difficulties. Study members with a history of antisocial behavior had a significantly faster pace of biological aging by midlife, and this was most evident among individuals following the LCP trajectory (β, 0.22, 95%CI, 0.14, 0.28, p ≤ 0.001). This amounted to 4.3 extra years of biological aging between ages 25-45 years for Study members following the LCP trajectory compared to low-antisocial trajectory individuals. LCP offenders also experienced more midlife difficulties with hearing (β, -0.14, 95%CI, -0.21, -0.08, p ≤ 0.001), balance (β, -0.13, 95%CI, -0.18, -0.06, p ≤ 0.001), gait speed (β, -0.18, 95%CI, -0.24, -0.10, p ≤ 0.001), and cognitive functioning (β, -0.25, 95%CI, -0.31, -0.18, p ≤ 0.001). Associations represented a decline from childhood health. Associations persisted after controlling individually for tobacco smoking, antipsychotic medication use, midlife illnesses, maltreatment, socioeconomic status, incarceration, and childhood self-control difficulties. However, the cumulative effect of these lifestyle characteristics together explained why LCP offenders have a faster Pace of Aging than their peers. While older adults typically age-out of crime, LCP offenders will likely age-into the healthcare system earlier than their chronologically same-aged peers. Preventing young people from offending is likely to have substantial benefits for health, and people engaging in a LCP trajectory of antisocial behaviors might be the most in need of health promotion programs. We offer prevention and intervention strategies to reduce the financial burden of offenders on healthcare systems and improve their wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Langevin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ashalom Caspi
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham VA Healthcare System, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - J. C. Barnes
- School of Criminal Justice, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Grace Brennan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Richie Poulton
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Suzanne C. Purdy
- Discipline of Speech Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Sandhya Ramrakha
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Peter T. Tanksley
- Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78705, USA
| | - Peter R. Thorne
- Discipline of Audiology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Graham Wilson
- Matai Medical Research Institute, Gisborne 4010, New Zealand
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McClafferty HH, Hubbard DK, Foradori D, Brown ML, Profit J, Tawfik DS. Physician Health and Wellness. Pediatrics 2022; 150:189767. [PMID: 36278292 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-059665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Physician health and wellness is a complex topic relevant to all pediatricians. Survey studies have established that pediatricians experience burnout at comparable rates to colleagues across medical specialties. Prevalence of burnout increased for all pediatric disciplines from 2011 to 2014. During that time, general pediatricians experienced a more than 10% increase in burnout, from 35.3% to 46.3%. Pediatric medical subspecialists and pediatric surgical specialists experienced slightly higher baseline rates of burnout in 2011 and similarly increased to just under 50%. Women currently constitute a majority of pediatricians, and surveys report a 20% to 60% higher prevalence of burnout in women physicians compared with their male counterparts. The purpose of this report is to update the reader and explore approaches to pediatrician well-being and reduction of occupational burnout risk throughout the stages of training and practice. Topics covered include burnout prevalence and diagnosis; overview of national progress in physician wellness; update on physician wellness initiatives at the American Academy of Pediatrics; an update on pediatric-specific burnout and well-being; recognized drivers of burnout (organizational and individual); a review of the intersection of race, ethnicity, gender, and burnout; protective factors; and components of wellness (organizational and individual). The development of this clinical report has inevitably been shaped by the social, cultural, public health, and economic factors currently affecting our communities. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has layered new and significant stressors onto medical practice with physical, mental, and logistical challenges and effects that cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary H McClafferty
- Department of Pediatrics, Section Chief, Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Tucson Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Dena K Hubbard
- Children's Mercy Kansas City, School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Dana Foradori
- Department of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Melanie L Brown
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Daniel S Tawfik
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Valenzuela R, Saadiq S, Cobos S, Salinas JJ. Engagement in Physical Activity Improves after Participation in Pasos Para Prevenir Cancer-An Obesity-Related Cancer Prevention Program in El Paso, Texas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11607. [PMID: 36141878 PMCID: PMC9517185 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This present study experimentally evaluated the Pasos Para Prevenir Cancer (PPPC) program to determine whether participation was associated with improved physical activity engagement. Evidence suggests that obesity prevention programs improve physical activity (PA) engagement and lead to healthier weights, which substantially impacts cancer and cardiometabolic disease risk. There is a shortage of knowledge on the effectiveness of programs tailored to populations along the U.S.-Mexico border. METHODS We collected demographic, nutrition, and physical activity data at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months using the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) for 209 participants. We analyzed the average metabolic equivalents (METS) per week for all physical activity levels and types and the achievement of the recommended METS per week to determine the demographic characteristics most associated with a change between baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. RESULTS Light activity was the most common activity at all three points, and it slightly increased at 6 months in work settings. Subjects conducted moderate physical activity primarily at home and work, and moderate physical activity increased more compared to vigorous physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Intervention tailoring might improve PA engagement in Mexican Americans residing on the U.S.-Mexico border; however, larger studies that are more diverse are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Valenzuela
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Stefan Saadiq
- Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Sandra Cobos
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Jennifer J. Salinas
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
- Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
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Robbins R, Weaver MD, Quan SF, Sullivan JP, Qadri S, Glasner L, Cohen-Zion M, Czeisler CA, Barger LK. Evaluating the impact of a sleep health education and a personalised smartphone application on sleep, productivity and healthcare utilisation among employees: results of a randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062121. [PMID: 36104122 PMCID: PMC9476153 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated an online Sleep Health and Wellness (SHAW) programme paired with dayzz, a personalised sleep training programme deployed via smartphone application (dayzz app) that promotes healthy sleep and treatment for sleep disorders, among employees at a large healthcare organisation. DESIGN Open-label, randomised, parallel-group controlled trial. SETTING A healthcare employer in the USA. PARTICIPANTS 1355 daytime workers. INTERVENTION Participants were randomised to intervention (n=794) or control (n=561) on consent. Intervention participants received the SHAW educational programme at baseline plus access to the personalised dayzz app for up to 9 months. The control condition received the intervention at month 10. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Our primary outcome measures were sleep-related behavioural changes (eg, consistent sleep schedule); sleep behaviour tracked on an electronic sleep diary and sleep quality. Our secondary outcome measures included employee absenteeism, performance and productivity; stress, mood, alertness and energy; and adverse health and safety outcomes (eg, accidents). RESULTS At follow-up, employees in the intervention condition were more likely to report increased sleep duration on work (7.20 vs 6.99, p=0.01) and on free (8.26 vs 8.04, p=0.03) nights. At follow-up, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was lower in the intervention (n=160 of 321, 50%) compared with control (n=184 of 327, 56%) (p=0.04). The mean total dollars lost per person per month due to reduced workplace performance (presenteeism) was less in the intervention condition (US$1090 vs US$1321, p=0.001). Employees in the intervention reported fewer mental health visits (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.94, p=0.01) and lower healthcare utilisation over the study interval (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.98, p=0.03). We did not observe differences in stress (4.7 (95% CI 4.6 to 4.8) vs 4.7 (95% CI 4.6 to 4.8)), mood (4.5 (95% CI 4.4 to 4.6) vs 4.6 (95% CI 4.5 to 4.7)), alertness (4.9 (95% CI 4.8 to 5.0) vs 5.0 (95% CI 4.9 to 5.1)) or adverse health and safety outcomes (motor vehicle crashes: OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.34 to 1.9); near-miss crashes: OR=0.89 (95% CI 0.5 to 1.5) and injuries: 0.9 (95% CI 0.6 to 1.3)); energy was higher at follow-up in the intervention group (4.3 vs 4.5; p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Results from this trial demonstrate that a SHAW programme followed by access to the digital dayzz app can be beneficial to both the employee and employer. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04224285.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Robbins
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew D Weaver
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stuart F Quan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason P Sullivan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Salim Qadri
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura Glasner
- Psychiatric Division, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- dayzz Live Well Ltd, Herzliya, Israel
| | | | - Charles A Czeisler
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura K Barger
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Tabak R, Colvin R, Strickland JR, Dale AM, Kepper M, Ruggeri T, Evanoff B. Impacts of a Workplace-Based Weight-Control Intervention on Objective and Perceived Physical Activity among a Subgroup of Workers. JOURNAL OF HEALTHY EATING AND ACTIVE LIVING 2022; 2:73-87. [PMID: 36381293 PMCID: PMC9648423 DOI: 10.51250/jheal.v2i2.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has many benefits; however, groups facing barriers to health-promoting behaviors are less likely to be physically active. This may be addressed through workplace interventions. The current study employs objective (accelerometry) and perceived (International Physical Activity Questionnaire [IPAQ]) measures of PA among a subset of participants from the "Working for You" study, which tests a multi-level (work group and individual) workplace intervention targeted at workers with low-incomes. Linear mixed and hierarchical logistic regression models are used to determine the intervention's impact on moderate- to vigorous-PA (MVPA) and achieving the PA Guideline for Americans (≥150 minutes MVPA/week), respectively from baseline to 6- and 24-months, relative to a control group. Correlations (Spearman Rho) between perceived and objective PA are assessed. Of the 140 workers (69 control, 71 intervention) in the sub-study, 131 (94%) have valid data at baseline, 88 (63%) at 6-months, and 77 (55%) at 24-months. Changes in MVPA are not significantly different among intervention relative to control participants assessed by accelerometer or IPAQ at 6- or 24-months follow-up. The percent achieving the PA Guideline for Americans does not vary by treatment group by any measure at any time point (e.g., baseline accelerometry: [control: n=37 (57%); intervention: n=35 (53%)]). This study identifies limited agreement (correlation range: 0.04 to 0.42, all p>.05) between perceived and objective measures. Results suggest the intervention did not improve PA among the sub-study participants. Though agreement between objective and perceived MVPA is low, similar conclusions regarding intervention effectiveness are drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Tabak
- Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ryan Colvin
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Ann Marie Dale
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Maura Kepper
- Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tara Ruggeri
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Bradley Evanoff
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Cardiovascular disease prevention in the worksite: Where are we? Int J Cardiol 2022; 368:104-107. [PMID: 35964848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The current guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology on cardiovascular (CV) disease prevention highlighted the importance of implementing coordinated set of action, including worksite, aimed at eliminating or minimizing the impact of CV disease and their related disabilities. Workplace wellness programs tend to focus on modifiable risk factors of non-communicable disease, such as nutrition, physical activity, and smoking cessation. However, nowadays, corporate wellness programs are still rare and incomplete, and usually received limited attention. This represents a big public health issue since company health and wellness interventions may provide an important opportunity to identify and manage CV risk. Given the increasing of employees' average age, a progressive shifting of retirement age and an increased number of chronic diseases, these preventive programs will increasingly represent key factors of both employee's health and economic strategies of companies in the near future.
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