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Li Q, Zhao Y, Hu Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Long F, Chen Y, Wang Y, Li H, Poels EMP, Kamperman AM, Sweeney JA, Kuang W, Li F, Gong Q. Linked patterns of symptoms and cognitive covariation with functional brain controllability in major depressive disorder. EBioMedicine 2024; 106:105255. [PMID: 39032426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controllability analysis is an approach developed for evaluating the ability of a brain region to modulate function in other regions, which has been found to be altered in major depressive disorder (MDD). Both depressive symptoms and cognitive impairments are prominent features of MDD, but the case-control differences of controllability between MDD and controls can not fully interpret the contribution of both clinical symptoms and cognition to brain controllability and linked patterns among them in MDD. METHODS Sparse canonical correlation analysis was used to investigate the associations between resting-state functional brain controllability at the network level and clinical symptoms and cognition in 99 first-episode medication-naïve patients with MDD. FINDINGS Average controllability was significantly correlated with clinical features. The average controllability of the dorsal attention network (DAN) and visual network had the highest correlations with clinical variables. Among clinical variables, depressed mood, suicidal ideation and behaviour, impaired work and activities, and gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly negatively associated with average controllability, and reduced cognitive flexibility was associated with reduced average controllability. INTERPRETATION These findings highlight the importance of brain regions in modulating activity across brain networks in MDD, given their associations with symptoms and cognitive impairments observed in our study. Disrupted control of brain reconfiguration of DAN and visual network during their state transitions may represent a core brain mechanism for the behavioural impairments observed in MDD. FUNDING National Natural Science Foundation of China (82001795 and 82027808), National Key R&D Program (2022YFC2009900), and Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2024NSFSC0653).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Youjin Zhao
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yongbo Hu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese, Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fenghua Long
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yufei Chen
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Eline M P Poels
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Astrid M Kamperman
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA
| | - Weihong Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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2
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Zhao Q, Gao Z, Yu W, Xiao Y, Hu N, Wei X, Tao B, Zhu F, Li S, Lui S. Multivariate associations between neuroanatomy and cognition in unmedicated and medicated individuals with schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 10:62. [PMID: 39004627 PMCID: PMC11247086 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00482-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies that focused on univariate correlations between neuroanatomy and cognition in schizophrenia identified some inconsistent findings. Moreover, antipsychotic medication may impact the brain-behavior profiles in affected individuals. It remains unclear whether unmedicated and medicated individuals with schizophrenia would share common neuroanatomy-cognition associations. Therefore, we aimed to investigate multivariate neuroanatomy-cognition relationships in both groups. A sample of 59 drug-naïve individuals with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and a sample of 115 antipsychotic-treated individuals with schizophrenia were finally included. Multivariate modeling was conducted in the two patient samples between multiple cognitive domains and neuroanatomic features, such as cortical thickness (CT), cortical surface area (CSA), and subcortical volume (SV). We observed distinct multivariate correlational patterns between the two samples of individuals with schizophrenia. In the FES sample, better performance in token motor, symbol coding, and verbal fluency tests was associated with greater thalamic volumes but lower CT in the prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices. Two significant multivariate correlations were identified in antipsychotic-treated individuals: 1) worse verbal memory performance was related to smaller volumes for the most subcortical structures and smaller CSA mainly in the temporal regions and inferior parietal lobule; 2) a lower symbol coding test score was correlated with smaller CSA in the right parahippocampal gyrus but greater volume in the right caudate. These multivariate patterns were sample-specific and not confounded by imaging quality, illness duration, antipsychotic dose, or psychopathological symptoms. Our findings may help to understand the neurobiological basis of cognitive impairments and the development of cognition-targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyang Gao
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Hu
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Wei
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Tao
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Zhu
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyi Li
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Su Lui
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
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3
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Vieira S, Bolton TAW, Schöttner M, Baecker L, Marquand A, Mechelli A, Hagmann P. Multivariate brain-behaviour associations in psychiatric disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:231. [PMID: 38824172 PMCID: PMC11144193 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Mapping brain-behaviour associations is paramount to understand and treat psychiatric disorders. Standard approaches involve investigating the association between one brain and one behavioural variable (univariate) or multiple variables against one brain/behaviour feature ('single' multivariate). Recently, large multimodal datasets have propelled a new wave of studies that leverage on 'doubly' multivariate approaches capable of parsing the multifaceted nature of both brain and behaviour simultaneously. Within this movement, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and partial least squares (PLS) emerge as the most popular techniques. Both seek to capture shared information between brain and behaviour in the form of latent variables. We provide an overview of these methods, review the literature in psychiatric disorders, and discuss the main challenges from a predictive modelling perspective. We identified 39 studies across four diagnostic groups: attention deficit and hyperactive disorder (ADHD, k = 4, N = 569), autism spectrum disorders (ASD, k = 6, N = 1731), major depressive disorder (MDD, k = 5, N = 938), psychosis spectrum disorders (PSD, k = 13, N = 1150) and one transdiagnostic group (TD, k = 11, N = 5731). Most studies (67%) used CCA and focused on the association between either brain morphology, resting-state functional connectivity or fractional anisotropy against symptoms and/or cognition. There were three main findings. First, most diagnoses shared a link between clinical/cognitive symptoms and two brain measures, namely frontal morphology/brain activity and white matter association fibres (tracts between cortical areas in the same hemisphere). Second, typically less investigated behavioural variables in multivariate models such as physical health (e.g., BMI, drug use) and clinical history (e.g., childhood trauma) were identified as important features. Finally, most studies were at risk of bias due to low sample size/feature ratio and/or in-sample testing only. We highlight the importance of carefully mitigating these sources of bias with an exemplar application of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vieira
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - T A W Bolton
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Neurosurgery Service and Gamma Knife Center, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Schöttner
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Baecker
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Marquand
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department for Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Mechelli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Hagmann
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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4
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Lett TA, Vaidya N, Jia T, Polemiti E, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Brüh R, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Artiges E, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Lemaitre H, Paus T, Poustka L, Stringaris A, Waller L, Zhang Z, Robinson L, Winterer J, Zhang Y, King S, Smolka MN, Whelan R, Schmidt U, Sinclair J, Walter H, Feng J, Robbins TW, Desrivières S, Marquand A, Schumann G. A framework for a brain-derived nosology of psychiatric disorders. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.07.24306980. [PMID: 38766134 PMCID: PMC11100856 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.07.24306980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Current psychiatric diagnoses are not defined by neurobiological measures which hinders the development of therapies targeting mechanisms underlying mental illness 1,2 . Research confined to diagnostic boundaries yields heterogeneous biological results, whereas transdiagnostic studies often investigate individual symptoms in isolation. There is currently no paradigm available to comprehensively investigate the relationship between different clinical symptoms, individual disorders, and the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. Here, we propose a framework that groups clinical symptoms derived from ICD-10/DSM-V according to shared brain mechanisms defined by brain structure, function, and connectivity. The reassembly of existing ICD-10/DSM-5 symptoms reveal six cross-diagnostic psychopathology scores related to mania symptoms, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, stress symptoms, eating pathology, and fear symptoms. They were consistently associated with multimodal neuroimaging components in the training sample of young adults aged 23, the independent test sample aged 23, participants aged 14 and 19 years, and in psychiatric patients. The identification of symptom groups of mental illness robustly defined by precisely characterized brain mechanisms enables the development of a psychiatric nosology based upon quantifiable neurobiological measures. As the identified symptom groups align well with existing diagnostic categories, our framework is directly applicable to clinical research and patient care.
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5
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Cai M, Ji Y, Zhao Q, Xue H, Sun Z, Wang H, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Lei M, Wang C, Zhuo C, Liu N, Liu H, Liu F. Homotopic functional connectivity disruptions in schizophrenia and their associated gene expression. Neuroimage 2024; 289:120551. [PMID: 38382862 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been revealed that abnormal voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) is present in patients with schizophrenia, yet there are inconsistencies in the relevant findings. Moreover, little is known about their association with brain gene expression profiles. In this study, transcription-neuroimaging association analyses using gene expression data from Allen Human Brain Atlas and case-control VMHC differences from both the discovery (meta-analysis, including 9 studies with a total of 386 patients and 357 controls) and replication (separate group-level comparisons within two datasets, including a total of 258 patients and 287 controls) phases were performed to identify genes associated with VMHC alterations. Enrichment analyses were conducted to characterize the biological functions and specific expression of identified genes, and Neurosynth decoding analysis was performed to examine the correlation between cognitive-related processes and VMHC alterations in schizophrenia. In the discovery and replication phases, patients with schizophrenia exhibited consistent VMHC changes compared to controls, which were correlated with a series of cognitive-related processes; meta-regression analysis revealed that illness duration was negatively correlated with VMHC abnormalities in the cerebellum and postcentral/precentral gyrus. The abnormal VMHC patterns were stably correlated with 1287 genes enriched for fundamental biological processes like regulation of cell communication, nervous system development, and cell communication. In addition, these genes were overexpressed in astrocytes and immune cells, enriched in extensive cortical regions and wide developmental time windows. The present findings may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying VMHC alterations in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjing Cai
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qiyu Zhao
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hui Xue
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zuhao Sun
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yayuan Chen
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Minghuan Lei
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chunyang Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chuanjun Zhuo
- Laboratory of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetic and Co-morbidity (PGNP_Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Nana Liu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Huaigui Liu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
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6
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Xue K, Gao B, Chen F, Wang M, Cheng J, Zhang B, Zhu W, Qiu S, Geng Z, Zhang X, Cui G, Yu Y, Zhang Q, Liao W, Zhang H, Xu X, Han T, Qin W, Liu F, Liang M, Guo L, Xu Q, Xu J, Fu J, Zhang P, Li W, Shi D, Wang C, Lui S, Yan Z, Zhang J, Li J, Wang D, Xian J, Xu K, Zuo XN, Zhang L, Ye Z, Banaschewski T, Barker GJ, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Brühl R, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Artiges E, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Lemaitre H, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Holz N, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Vaidya N, Walter H, Whelan R, Shen W, Miao Y, Yu C. Covariation of preadult environmental exposures, adult brain imaging phenotypes, and adult personality traits. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4853-4866. [PMID: 37737484 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to preadult environmental exposures may have long-lasting effects on mental health by affecting the maturation of the brain and personality, two traits that interact throughout the developmental process. However, environment-brain-personality covariation patterns and their mediation relationships remain unclear. In 4297 healthy participants (aged 18-30 years), we combined sparse multiple canonical correlation analysis with independent component analysis to identify the three-way covariation patterns of 59 preadult environmental exposures, 760 adult brain imaging phenotypes, and five personality traits, and found two robust environment-brain-personality covariation models with sex specificity. One model linked greater stress and less support to weaker functional connectivity and activity in the default mode network, stronger activity in subcortical nuclei, greater thickness and volume in the occipital, parietal and temporal cortices, and lower agreeableness, consciousness and extraversion as well as higher neuroticism. The other model linked higher urbanicity and better socioeconomic status to stronger functional connectivity and activity in the sensorimotor network, smaller volume and surface area and weaker functional connectivity and activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, lower white matter integrity, and higher openness to experience. We also conducted mediation analyses to explore the potential bidirectional mediation relationships between adult brain imaging phenotypes and personality traits with the influence of preadult environmental exposures and found both environment-brain-personality and environment-personality-brain pathways. We finally performed moderated mediation analyses to test the potential interactions between macro- and microenvironmental exposures and found that one category of exposure moderated the mediation pathways of another category of exposure. These results improve our understanding of the effects of preadult environmental exposures on the adult brain and personality traits and may facilitate the design of targeted interventions to improve mental health by reducing the impact of adverse environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaizhong Xue
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Radiology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shijun Qiu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zuojun Geng
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xiaochu Zhang
- Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Guangbin Cui
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province & Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Weihua Liao
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Tong Han
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Meng Liang
- School of Medical Imaging and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300203, China
| | - Lining Guo
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jiayuan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jilian Fu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Dapeng Shi
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Su Lui
- Department of Radiology, the Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhihan Yan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Jiance Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Junfang Xian
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Xi-Nian Zuo
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Longjiang Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Ye
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gareth J Barker
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, CNRS; Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, CNRS; Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- AP-HP. Sorbonne University, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, CNRS; Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Psychiatry Department, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Herve Lemaitre
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA, Université de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Holz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nilakshi Vaidya
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wen Shen
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Yanwei Miao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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7
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Durham EL, Ghanem K, Stier AJ, Cardenas-Iniguez C, Reimann GE, Jeong HJ, Dupont RM, Dong X, Moore TM, Berman MG, Lahey BB, Bzdok D, Kaczkurkin AN. Multivariate analytical approaches for investigating brain-behavior relationships. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1175690. [PMID: 37583413 PMCID: PMC10423877 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1175690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies of brain-behavior relationships rely on univariate approaches where each variable of interest is tested independently, which does not allow for the simultaneous investigation of multiple correlated variables. Alternatively, multivariate approaches allow for examining relationships between psychopathology and neural substrates simultaneously. There are multiple multivariate methods to choose from that each have assumptions which can affect the results; however, many studies employ one method without a clear justification for its selection. Additionally, there are few studies illustrating how differences between methods manifest in examining brain-behavior relationships. The purpose of this study was to exemplify how the choice of multivariate approach can change brain-behavior interpretations. Method We used data from 9,027 9- to 10-year-old children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study (ABCD Study®) to examine brain-behavior relationships with three commonly used multivariate approaches: canonical correlation analysis (CCA), partial least squares correlation (PLSC), and partial least squares regression (PLSR). We examined the associations between psychopathology dimensions including general psychopathology, attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms, conduct problems, and internalizing symptoms with regional brain volumes. Results The results of CCA, PLSC, and PLSR showed both consistencies and differences in the relationship between psychopathology symptoms and brain structure. The leading significant component yielded by each method demonstrated similar patterns of associations between regional brain volumes and psychopathology symptoms. However, the additional significant components yielded by each method demonstrated differential brain-behavior patterns that were not consistent across methods. Conclusion Here we show that CCA, PLSC, and PLSR yield slightly different interpretations regarding the relationship between child psychopathology and brain volume. In demonstrating the divergence between these approaches, we exemplify the importance of carefully considering the method's underlying assumptions when choosing a multivariate approach to delineate brain-behavior relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Leighton Durham
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Karam Ghanem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Stier
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Hee Jung Jeong
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Randolph M. Dupont
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Tyler M. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Marc G. Berman
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- The University of Chicago Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Benjamin B. Lahey
- Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Danilo Bzdok
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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8
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Li M, Deng W, Li Y, Zhao L, Ma X, Yu H, Li X, Meng Y, Wang Q, Du X, Sham PC, Palaniyappan L, Li T. Ameliorative patterns of grey matter in patients with first-episode and treatment-naïve schizophrenia. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3500-3510. [PMID: 35164887 PMCID: PMC10277763 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grey matter (GM) reduction is a consistent observation in established late stages of schizophrenia, but patients in the untreated early stages of illness display an increase as well as a decrease in GM distribution relative to healthy controls (HC). The relative excess of GM may indicate putative compensatory responses, though to date its relevance is unclear. METHODS 343 first-episode treatment-naïve patients with schizophrenia (FES) and 342 HC were recruited. Multivariate source-based morphometry was performed to identify covarying 'networks' of grey matter concentration (GMC). Neurocognitive scores using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and symptom burden using the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) were obtained. Bivariate linear relationships between GMC and cognition/symptoms were studied. RESULTS Compared to healthy subjects, FES had prominently lower GMC in two components; the first consists of the anterior insula, inferior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate and the second component with the superior temporal gyrus, precuneus, inferior/superior parietal lobule, cuneus, and lingual gyrus. Higher GMC was seen in adjacent areas of the middle and superior temporal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior parietal cortex and putamen. Greater GMC of this component was associated with lower duration of untreated psychosis, less severe positive symptoms and better performance on cognitive tests. CONCLUSIONS In untreated stages of schizophrenia, both a distributed lower and higher GMC is observable. While the higher GMC is relatively modest, it occurs across frontoparietal, temporal and subcortical regions in association with reduced illness burden suggesting a compensatory role for higher GMC in the early stages of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinfei Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liansheng Zhao
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajing Meng
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Suzhou Psychiatry Hospital, Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pak Chung Sham
- Centre for Genomic Sciences and State Key Laboratory in Cognitive and Brain Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lena Palaniyappan
- Robarts Research Institute & The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tao Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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9
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Mesbah R, Koenders MA, van der Wee NJA, Giltay EJ, van Hemert AM, de Leeuw M. Association Between the Fronto-Limbic Network and Cognitive and Emotional Functioning in Individuals With Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry 2023; 80:432-440. [PMID: 36988918 PMCID: PMC10061312 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Importance Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) experience cognitive and emotional dysfunctions. Various brain circuits are implicated in BD but have not been investigated in a meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Objective To investigate the brain functioning of individuals with BD compared with healthy control individuals in the domains of emotion processing, reward processing, and working memory. Data Sources All fMRI experiments on BD published before March 2020, as identified in a literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo, Emcare, Academic Search Premier, and ScienceDirect. The literature search was conducted on February 21, 2017, and March 2, 2020, and data were analyzed from January 2021 to January 2022. Study Selection fMRI experiments comparing adult individuals with BD and healthy control individuals were selected if they reported whole-brain results, including a task assessing at least 1 of the domains. In total, 2320 studies were screened, and 253 full-text articles were evaluated. Data Extraction and Synthesis A total of 49 studies were included after selection procedure. Coordinates reporting significant activation differences between individuals with BD and healthy control individuals were extracted. Differences in brain region activity were tested using the activation likelihood estimation method. Main Outcomes and Measures A whole-brain meta-analysis evaluated whether reported differences in brain activation in response to stimuli in 3 cognitive domains between individuals with BD and healthy control individuals were different. Results The study population included 999 individuals with BD (551 [55.2%] female) and 1027 healthy control individuals (532 [51.8%] female). Compared with healthy control individuals, individuals with BD showed amygdala and hippocampal hyperactivity and hypoactivation in the inferior frontal gyrus during emotion processing (20 studies; 324 individuals with BD and 369 healthy control individuals), hyperactivation in the orbitofrontal cortex during reward processing (9 studies; 195 individuals with BD and 213 healthy control individuals), and hyperactivation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex during working memory (20 studies; 530 individuals with BD and 417 healthy control individuals). Limbic hyperactivation was only found during euthymia in the emotion and reward processing domains; abnormalities in frontal cortex activity were also found in individuals with BD with mania and depression. Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed evidence for activity disturbances in key brain areas involved in cognitive and emotion processing in individuals with BD. Most of the regions are part of the fronto-limbic network. The results suggest that aberrations in the fronto-limbic network, present in both euthymic and symptomatic individuals, may be underlying cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahele Mesbah
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Psychiatric Institute, Department of Mood Disorders, PsyQ Kralingen, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Manja A. Koenders
- Psychiatric Institute, Department of Mood Disorders, PsyQ Kralingen, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nic J. A. van der Wee
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik J. Giltay
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Albert M. van Hemert
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Max de Leeuw
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Psychiatric Institute, GGZ Rivierduinen, Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Clinic, Leiden, the Netherlands
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10
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Xu B, Dallâ Aglio L, Flournoy J, Bortsova G, Tervo-Clemmens B, Collins P, de Bruijne M, Luciana M, Marquand A, Wang H, Tiemeier H, Muetzel RL. Multivariate brain-based dimensions of child psychiatric problems: degrees of generalizability. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.03.12.23287158. [PMID: 36993191 PMCID: PMC10055441 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.12.23287158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Multivariate machine learning techniques are a promising set of tools for identifying complex brain-behavior associations. However, failure to replicate results from these methods across samples has hampered their clinical relevance. This study aimed to delineate dimensions of brain functional connectivity that are associated with child psychiatric symptoms in two large and independent cohorts: the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study and the Generation R Study (total n =8,605). Using sparse canonical correlations analysis, we identified three brain-behavior dimensions in ABCD: attention problems, aggression and rule-breaking behaviors, and withdrawn behaviors. Importantly, out-of-sample generalizability of these dimensions was consistently observed in ABCD, suggesting robust multivariate brain-behavior associations. Despite this, out-of-study generalizability in Generation R was limited. These results highlight that the degree of generalizability can vary depending on the external validation methods employed as well as the datasets used, emphasizing that biomarkers will remain elusive until models generalize better in true external settings.
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11
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Liu J, Zhang Y, Qiu J, Wei D. Linking negative affect, personality and social conditions to structural brain development during the transition from late adolescent to young adulthood. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:14-21. [PMID: 36623558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transition from late adolescence to early adulthood is a period that experiences a surge of life changes and brain reorganization caused by internal and external factors, including negative affect, personality, and social conditions. METHODS Non-imaging phenotype and structural brain variables were available on 497 healthy participants (279 females and 218 males) between 17 and 22 years old. We used sparse canonical correlation analysis (sCCA) on the high-dimensional and longitudinal data to extract modes with maximum covariation between structural brain changes and negative affect, personality, and social conditions. RESULTS Separate sCCAs for cortical volume, cortical thickness, cortical surface area and subcortical volume confirmed that each imaging phenotype was correlated with non-imaging features (sCCA |r| range: 0.21-0.38, all pFDR < 0.01). Bilateral superior frontal, left caudal anterior cingulate and bilateral caudate had the highest canonical cross-loadings (|ρ| = 0.15-0.32). In longitudinal data analysis, scan-interval, negative affect, and enthusiasm had the highest association with structural brain changes (|ρ| = 0.07-0.38); at baseline, intellect and politeness were associated with individual variability in the structural brain (|ρ| = 0.10-0.25). LIMITATIONS The present study used non-imaging variables only at baseline, making it impossible to explore the relationship between changing behavior and structural brain development. CONCLUSIONS Individual structural brain changes are associated with multiple factors. In addition to time-dependent variables, we find that negative affect, enthusiasm and social support play a numerically weak but significant role in structural brain development during the transition from late adolescence to young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China; Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University, China.
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China.
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12
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Nakua H, Yu JC, Abdi H, Hawco C, Voineskos A, Hill S, Lai MC, Wheeler AL, McIntosh AR, Ameis SH. Comparing the stability and reproducibility of brain-behaviour relationships found using Canonical Correlation Analysis and Partial Least Squares within the ABCD Sample. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.08.531763. [PMID: 36945610 PMCID: PMC10028915 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.08.531763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) and Partial Least Squares Correlation (PLS) detect associations between two data matrices based on computing a linear combination between the two matrices (called latent variables; LVs). These LVs maximize correlation (CCA) and covariance (PLS). These different maximization criteria may render one approach more stable and reproducible than the other when working with brain and behavioural data at the population-level. This study compared the LVs which emerged from CCA and PLS analyses of brain-behaviour relationships from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset and examined their stability and reproducibility. Methods Structural T1-weighted imaging and behavioural data were accessed from the baseline Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development dataset (N > 9000, ages = 9-11 years). The brain matrix consisted of cortical thickness estimates in different cortical regions. The behavioural matrix consisted of 11 subscale scores from the parent-reported Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL) or 7 cognitive performance measures from the NIH Toolbox. CCA and PLS models were separately applied to the brain-CBCL analysis and brain-cognition analysis. A permutation test was used to assess whether identified LVs were statistically significant. A series of resampling statistical methods were used to assess stability and reproducibility of the LVs. Results When examining the relationship between cortical thickness and CBCL scores, the first LV was found to be significant across both CCA and PLS models (singular value: CCA = .13, PLS = .39, p < .001). LV1 from the CCA model found that covariation of CBCL scores was linked to covariation of cortical thickness. LV1 from the PLS model identified decreased cortical thickness linked to lower CBCL scores. There was limited evidence of stability or reproducibility of LV1 for both CCA and PLS. When examining the relationship between cortical thickness and cognitive performance, there were 6 significant LVs for both CCA and PLS (p < .01). The first LV showed similar relationships between CCA and PLS and was found to be stable and reproducible (singular value: CCA = .21, PLS = .43, p < .001). Conclusion CCA and PLS identify different brain-behaviour relationships with limited stability and reproducibility when examining the relationship between cortical thickness and parent-reported behavioural measures. However, both methods identified relatively similar brain-behaviour relationships that were stable and reproducible when examining the relationship between cortical thickness and cognitive performance. The results of the current study suggest that stability and reproducibility of brain-behaviour relationships identified by CCA and PLS are influenced by characteristics of the analyzed sample and the included behavioural measurements when applied to a large pediatric dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Nakua
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ju-Chi Yu
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hervé Abdi
- The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States
| | - Colin Hawco
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aristotle Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sean Hill
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meng-Chuan Lai
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne L. Wheeler
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Stephanie H. Ameis
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Li Q, Xu X, Qian Y, Cai H, Zhao W, Zhu J, Yu Y. Resting-state brain functional alterations and their genetic mechanisms in drug-naive first-episode psychosis. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 9:13. [PMID: 36841861 PMCID: PMC9968350 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-023-00338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has established the presence of resting-state brain functional damage in psychosis. However, the genetic mechanisms of such disease phenotype are yet to be unveiled. We investigated resting-state brain functional alterations in patients with drug-naive first-episode psychosis (DFP) by performing a neuroimaging meta-analysis of 8 original studies comprising 500 patients and 469 controls. Combined with the Allen Human Brain Atlas, we further conducted transcriptome-neuroimaging spatial correlations to identify genes whose expression levels were linked to brain functional alterations in DFP, followed by a range of gene functional characteristic analyses. Meta-analysis revealed a mixture of increased and decreased brain function in widespread areas including the default-mode, visual, motor, striatal, and cerebellar systems in DFP. Moreover, these brain functional alterations were spatially associated with the expression of 1662 genes, which were enriched for molecular functions, cellular components, and biological processes of the cerebral cortex, as well as psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Specific expression analyses demonstrated that these genes were specifically expressed in the brain tissue, in cortical neurons and immune cells, and during nearly all developmental periods. Concurrently, the genes could construct a protein-protein interaction network supported by hub genes and were linked to multiple behavioral domains including emotion, attention, perception, and motor. Our findings provide empirical evidence for the notion that brain functional damage in DFP involves a complex interaction of polygenes with various functional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- grid.459419.4Department of Radiology, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 238000 Hefei, China ,grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022 Hefei, China ,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, 230032 Hefei, China ,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032 Hefei, China
| | - Xiaotao Xu
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022 Hefei, China ,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, 230032 Hefei, China ,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032 Hefei, China
| | - Yinfeng Qian
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022 Hefei, China ,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, 230032 Hefei, China ,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032 Hefei, China
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022 Hefei, China ,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, 230032 Hefei, China ,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032 Hefei, China
| | - Wenming Zhao
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022 Hefei, China ,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, 230032 Hefei, China ,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032 Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China. .,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, 230032, Hefei, China. .,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032, Hefei, China.
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022, Hefei, China. .,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, 230032, Hefei, China. .,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, 230032, Hefei, China.
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14
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Moser DA, Graf S, Glaus J, Urben S, Jouabli S, Pointet Perrizolo V, Suardi F, Robinson J, Rusconi Serpa S, Plessen KJ, Schechter DS. On the complex and dimensional relationship of maternal posttraumatic stress disorder during early childhood and child outcomes at school-age. Eur Psychiatry 2023; 66:e20. [PMID: 36734250 PMCID: PMC9970153 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown associations between maternal interpersonal violence-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), child mental health problems, and impaired socioemotional development. However, the existing literature lacks evidence linking constellations of risk factors such as maternal interpersonal-violence-related PTSD, psychopathology, and interactive behavior with toddlers and outcome measures at school-age. METHODS This study involved a prospective, longitudinal investigation of 62 mothers and examined the relationship between maternal variables measured when children were in early childhood (mean age 27 months), and child outcomes when children were school-age (age mean = 83.2 months) while retaining a focus on the context of maternal PTSD. To identify and weigh associated dimensions comparatively, we employed sparse canonical correlation analysis (sCCA) aimed at associating dimensions of a dataset of 20 maternal variables in early childhood with that of more than 20 child outcome variables (i.e., child psychopathology, life-events, and socioemotional skills) at school-age. RESULTS Phase 1 variables with the highest weights were those of maternal psychopathology: PTSD, depressive and dissociative symptoms, and self-report of parental stress. The highest weighted Phase 2 child outcome measures were those of child psychopathology: PTSD, anxiety, and depressive symptoms as well as peer bullying and victimization. CONCLUSIONS sCCA revealed that trauma-related concepts in mothers were significantly and reliably associated with child psychopathology and other indicators of risk for intergenerational transmission of violence and victimization. The results highlight the dimensional and multifaceted nature-both for mothers as well as children-of the intergenerational transmission of violence and associated psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Andreas Moser
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shannen Graf
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Glaus
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Urben
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sondes Jouabli
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Francesca Suardi
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - JoAnn Robinson
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sandra Rusconi Serpa
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Scott Schechter
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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15
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Dong D, Yao D, Wang Y, Hong SJ, Genon S, Xin F, Jung K, He H, Chang X, Duan M, Bernhardt BC, Margulies DS, Sepulcre J, Eickhoff SB, Luo C. Compressed sensorimotor-to-transmodal hierarchical organization in schizophrenia. Psychol Med 2023; 53:771-784. [PMID: 34100349 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721002129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia has been primarily conceptualized as a disorder of high-order cognitive functions with deficits in executive brain regions. Yet due to the increasing reports of early sensory processing deficit, recent models focus more on the developmental effects of impaired sensory process on high-order functions. The present study examined whether this pathological interaction relates to an overarching system-level imbalance, specifically a disruption in macroscale hierarchy affecting integration and segregation of unimodal and transmodal networks. METHODS We applied a novel combination of connectome gradient and stepwise connectivity analysis to resting-state fMRI to characterize the sensorimotor-to-transmodal cortical hierarchy organization (96 patients v. 122 controls). RESULTS We demonstrated compression of the cortical hierarchy organization in schizophrenia, with a prominent compression from the sensorimotor region and a less prominent compression from the frontal-parietal region, resulting in a diminished separation between sensory and fronto-parietal cognitive systems. Further analyses suggested reduced differentiation related to atypical functional connectome transition from unimodal to transmodal brain areas. Specifically, we found hypo-connectivity within unimodal regions and hyper-connectivity between unimodal regions and fronto-parietal and ventral attention regions along the classical sensation-to-cognition continuum (voxel-level corrected, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The compression of cortical hierarchy organization represents a novel and integrative system-level substrate underlying the pathological interaction of early sensory and cognitive function in schizophrenia. This abnormal cortical hierarchy organization suggests cascading impairments from the disruption of the somatosensory-motor system and inefficient integration of bottom-up sensory information with attentional demands and executive control processes partially account for high-level cognitive deficits characteristic of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debo Dong
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
- Research Unit of NeuroInformation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU035, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Faculty of Psychological and Educational Sciences, Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Data Analysis, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Seok-Jun Hong
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
| | - Sarah Genon
- Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Fei Xin
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Kyesam Jung
- Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Hui He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuebin Chang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Mingjun Duan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Lab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel S Margulies
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
| | - Jorge Sepulcre
- Department of Radiology, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Cheng Luo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
- Department of Neurology, Brain Disorders and Brain Function Key Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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16
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Mihalik A, Chapman J, Adams RA, Winter NR, Ferreira FS, Shawe-Taylor J, Mourão-Miranda J. Canonical Correlation Analysis and Partial Least Squares for Identifying Brain-Behavior Associations: A Tutorial and a Comparative Study. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:1055-1067. [PMID: 35952973 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and partial least squares (PLS) are powerful multivariate methods for capturing associations across 2 modalities of data (e.g., brain and behavior). However, when the sample size is similar to or smaller than the number of variables in the data, standard CCA and PLS models may overfit, i.e., find spurious associations that generalize poorly to new data. Dimensionality reduction and regularized extensions of CCA and PLS have been proposed to address this problem, yet most studies using these approaches have some limitations. This work gives a theoretical and practical introduction into the most common CCA/PLS models and their regularized variants. We examine the limitations of standard CCA and PLS when the sample size is similar to or smaller than the number of variables. We discuss how dimensionality reduction and regularization techniques address this problem and explain their main advantages and disadvantages. We highlight crucial aspects of the CCA/PLS analysis framework, including optimizing the hyperparameters of the model and testing the identified associations for statistical significance. We apply the described CCA/PLS models to simulated data and real data from the Human Connectome Project and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (both of n > 500). We use both low- and high-dimensionality versions of these data (i.e., ratios between sample size and variables in the range of ∼1-10 and ∼0.1-0.01, respectively) to demonstrate the impact of data dimensionality on the models. Finally, we summarize the key lessons of the tutorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agoston Mihalik
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - James Chapman
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rick A Adams
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nils R Winter
- Institute of Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Fabio S Ferreira
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Shawe-Taylor
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janaina Mourão-Miranda
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Wu H, Dai G, Aizezi M, Tang J, Zou K, Wu Y, Wu X. Gray matter reduction in bilateral insula mediating adverse psychiatric effects of body mass index in schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:639. [PMID: 36221050 PMCID: PMC9552355 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both schizophrenia (SZ) and overweight/obesity (OWB) have shown some structural alterations in similar brain regions. As higher body mass index (BMI) often contributes to worse psychiatric outcomes in SZ, this study was designed to examine the effects of OWB on gray matter volume (GMV) in patients with SZ. METHODS Two hundred fifty subjects were included and stratified into four groups (n = 69, SZ patients with OWB, SZ-OWB; n = 74, SZ patients with normal weight, SZ-NW; n = 54, healthy controls with OWB, HC-OWB; and n = 53, HC with NW, HC-NW). All participants were scanned using high-resolution T1-weighted sequence. The whole-brain voxel-based morphometry was applied to examine the GMV alterations, and a 2 × 2 full factorial analysis of variance was performed to identify the main effects of diagnosis (SZ vs HC), BMI (NW vs OWB) factors, and their interactions. Further, the post hoc analysis was conducted to compare the pairwise differences in GMV alterations. RESULTS The main effects of diagnosis were located in right hippocampus, bilateral insula, rectus, median cingulate/paracingulate gyri and thalamus (SZ < HC); while the main effects of BMI were displayed in right amygdala, left hippocampus, bilateral insula, left lingual gyrus, and right superior temporal gyrus (OWB < NW). There were no significant diagnosis-by-BMI interaction effects in the present study, but the results showed that both SZ and OWB were additively associated with lower GMV in bilateral insula. Moreover, mediation analyses revealed the indirect effect of BMI on negative symptom via GMV reduction in bilateral insula. CONCLUSION This study further supports that higher BMI is associated with lower GMV, which may increase the risk of unfavourable disease courses in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- grid.412558.f0000 0004 1762 1794Psychiatry Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong China ,The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Kashi, China
| | - Guochao Dai
- The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Kashi, China ,Radiology Department, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Kashi, China
| | - Muyeseer Aizezi
- The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Kashi, China ,Psychiatry Department, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, 120 Yingbin Avenue, Kashi, Xinjiang China
| | - Juan Tang
- The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Kashi, China ,Psychiatry Department, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, 120 Yingbin Avenue, Kashi, Xinjiang China
| | - Ke Zou
- The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Kashi, China ,Radiology Department, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Kashi, China
| | - Yuhua Wu
- The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Kashi, China. .,Psychiatry Department, The First People's Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, 120 Yingbin Avenue, Kashi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Psychiatry Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Kashi, China.
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18
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Gordillo D, da Cruz JR, Chkonia E, Lin WH, Favrod O, Brand A, Figueiredo P, Roinishvili M, Herzog MH. The EEG multiverse of schizophrenia. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:3816-3826. [PMID: 36030389 PMCID: PMC10068296 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on schizophrenia typically focuses on one paradigm for which clear-cut differences between patients and controls are established. Great efforts are made to understand the underlying genetical, neurophysiological, and cognitive mechanisms, which eventually may explain the clinical outcome. One tacit assumption of these "deep rooting" approaches is that paradigms tap into common and representative aspects of the disorder. Here, we analyzed the resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) of 121 schizophrenia patients and 75 controls. Using multiple signal processing methods, we extracted 194 EEG features. Sixty-nine out of the 194 EEG features showed a significant difference between patients and controls, indicating that these features detect an important aspect of schizophrenia. Surprisingly, the correlations between these features were very low. We discuss several explanations to our results and propose that complementing "deep" with "shallow" rooting approaches might help in understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Gordillo
- Corresponding author: Laboratory of Psychophysics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Eka Chkonia
- Department of Psychiatry, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
- Institute of Cognitive Neurosciences, Free University of Tbilisi, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Wei-Hsiang Lin
- Laboratory of Psychophysics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ophélie Favrod
- Laboratory of Psychophysics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Brand
- Laboratory of Psychophysics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrícia Figueiredo
- Institute for Systems and Robotics – Lisboa, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maya Roinishvili
- Institute of Cognitive Neurosciences, Free University of Tbilisi, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
- Laboratory of Vision Physiology, Ivane Beritashvili Centre of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Michael H Herzog
- Laboratory of Psychophysics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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19
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Qi S, Sui J, Pearlson G, Bustillo J, Perrone-Bizzozero NI, Kochunov P, Turner JA, Fu Z, Shao W, Jiang R, Yang X, Liu J, Du Y, Chen J, Zhang D, Calhoun VD. Derivation and utility of schizophrenia polygenic risk associated multimodal MRI frontotemporal network. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4929. [PMID: 35995794 PMCID: PMC9395379 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32513-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder characterized by widespread functional and structural brain abnormalities. However, previous association studies between MRI and polygenic risk were mostly ROI-based single modality analyses, rather than identifying brain-based multimodal predictive biomarkers. Based on schizophrenia polygenic risk scores (PRS) from healthy white people within the UK Biobank dataset (N = 22,459), we discovered a robust PRS-associated brain pattern with smaller gray matter volume and decreased functional activation in frontotemporal cortex, which distinguished schizophrenia from controls with >83% accuracy, and predicted cognition and symptoms across 4 independent schizophrenia cohorts. Further multi-disease comparisons demonstrated that these identified frontotemporal alterations were most severe in schizophrenia and schizo-affective patients, milder in bipolar disorder, and indistinguishable from controls in autism, depression and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. These findings indicate the potential of the identified PRS-associated multimodal frontotemporal network to serve as a trans-diagnostic gene intermediated brain biomarker specific to schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shile Qi
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jing Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Godfrey Pearlson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Juan Bustillo
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nora I Perrone-Bizzozero
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessica A Turner
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zening Fu
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), [Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University], Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wei Shao
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongtao Jiang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xiao Yang
- Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), [Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University], Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuhui Du
- School of Computer & Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), [Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University], Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Daoqiang Zhang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China.
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), [Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University], Atlanta, GA, USA
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20
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Luckhoff HK, Asmal L, Scheffler F, Phahladira L, Smit R, van den Heuvel L, Fouche JP, Seedat S, Emsley R, du Plessis S. Associations between BMI and brain structures involved in food intake regulation in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders and healthy controls. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 152:250-259. [PMID: 35753245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Structural brain differences have been described in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (FES), and often overlap with those evident in the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We examined the associations between body mass index (BMI) and brain structures involved in food intake regulation in minimally treated FES patients (n = 117) compared to healthy controls (n = 117). The effects of FES diagnosis, BMI and their interactions on our selected prefrontal cortical thickness and subcortical gray matter volume regions of interest (ROIs) were investigated with hierarchical multivariate regressions, followed by post-hoc regressions for the individual ROIs. In a secondary analysis, we examined the relationships of other MetS risk factors and psychopathology with the brain ROIs. Both illness and BMI significantly predicted the grouped prefrontal cortical thickness ROIs, whereas only BMI predicted the grouped subcortical volume ROIs. For the individual ROIs, schizophrenia diagnosis predicted thinner left and right frontal pole and right lateral OFC thickness, and increased BMI predicted thinner left and right caudal ACC thickness. There were no significant main or interaction effects for diagnosis and BMI on any of the individual subcortical volume ROIs. Secondary analyses suggest associations between several brain ROIs and individual MetS risk factors, but not with psychopathology. Our findings indicate differential, independent effects for FES diagnosis and BMI on brain structures. Limited evidence suggests that the BMI effects are more prominent in FES. Exploratory analyses suggest associations between other MetS risk factors and some brain ROIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Luckhoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7550, South Africa.
| | - L Asmal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7550, South Africa
| | - F Scheffler
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7550, South Africa
| | - L Phahladira
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7550, South Africa
| | - R Smit
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7550, South Africa
| | - L van den Heuvel
- South African Medical Research Council, Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7550, South Africa
| | - J P Fouche
- South African Medical Research Council, Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7550, South Africa
| | - S Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7550, South Africa
| | - R Emsley
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7550, South Africa
| | - S du Plessis
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7550, South Africa
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21
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Dai Q, Zhou Y, Liu R, Wei S, Zhou H, Tian Y, Xia L, Cervenka GM, Wu HE, Wang L, Zhang X. Alcohol use history increases the likelihood of suicide behavior among male chronic patients with schizophrenia in a Chinese population. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2022; 52:716-724. [PMID: 35318712 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was designed to detect the association between the history of alcohol drinking and suicidality in schizophrenia (SCZ) inpatients in a Chinese population. METHODS We recruited 616 male SCZ inpatients and collected demographic and clinical data. Five-factor model of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess their psychopathological symptoms. RESULTS Our results showed that 31.33% of SCZ patients had a history of alcohol drinking. They had higher rates of lifetime suicide attempt and suicidal ideation than those without a history of alcohol drinking. Moreover, patients with a history of drinking were more likely to attempt suicide (14.51% vs. 7.09%; χ2 = 7.70, df = 1, p = 0.006), with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.22 and have suicidal ideation (29.02% vs. 17.49%; χ2 = 9.89, df = 1, p = 0.002), with an OR of 1.93. In addition, patients who used to drink alcohol were more likely to be smokers and had more severe positive and depressive symptoms (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that history of alcohol drinking may increase the prevalence of lifetime suicide attempt and suicidal ideation in male patients with chronic SCZ. Moreover, the history of alcohol drinking may be associated with some demographic data and clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ran Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuochi Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luyao Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gregory M Cervenka
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hanjing E Wu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Li Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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22
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Linking interindividual variability in brain structure to behaviour. Nat Rev Neurosci 2022; 23:307-318. [PMID: 35365814 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
What are the brain structural correlates of interindividual differences in behaviour? More than a decade ago, advances in structural MRI opened promising new avenues to address this question. The initial wave of research then progressively led to substantial conceptual and methodological shifts, and a replication crisis unveiled the limitations of traditional approaches, which involved searching for associations between local measurements of neuroanatomy and behavioural variables in small samples of healthy individuals. Given these methodological issues and growing scepticism regarding the idea of one-to-one mapping of psychological constructs to brain regions, new perspectives emerged. These not only embrace the multivariate nature of brain structure-behaviour relationships and promote generalizability but also embrace the representation of the relationships between brain structure and behavioural data by latent dimensions of interindividual variability. Here, we examine the past and present of the study of brain structure-behaviour associations in healthy populations and address current challenges and open questions for future investigations.
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23
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Bornheimer LA, Cobia DJ, Li Verdugo J, Holzworth J, Smith MJ. Clinical insight and cognitive functioning as mediators in the relationships between symptoms of psychosis, depression, and suicide ideation in first-episode psychosis. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 147:85-93. [PMID: 35026597 PMCID: PMC10754229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
First-episode psychosis (FEP) is a particularly high-risk period for suicide. Literature suggests poor cognitive functioning may serve as a protective factor, while investigations of clinical insight reveal a complex relationship with suicide outcomes. This study examined the mediating role of cognition and clinical insight in the relationships between positive and negative symptoms, depression, and subsequent suicide ideation among individuals in FEP. Data were obtained from the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode project. Participants (n = 404) included adolescents and adults in FEP between the ages of 15 and 40. Measurement utilized the Calgary Depression Rating Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the mediation model. The likelihood of experiencing suicide ideation was significantly decreased when working memory was stronger (b = -0.034, SE = 0.02, OR = 0.967, p < .05), and significantly increased when clinical insight was stronger (b = 0.191, SE = 0.08, OR = 1.21, p < .01), positive symptoms were greater (b = 0.422, SE = 0.20, OR = 1.52, p < .05) and depressive symptoms were greater (b = 0.545, SE = 0.15, OR = 1.70, p < .001). Clinical insight and working memory functioned as mediators in the relationships between depression, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and suicide ideation. Findings suggest it is essential that clinicians have awareness of insight being a risk factor for suicide ideation and balance therapeutic efforts to strengthen clinical insight and cognition in psychosocial treatments with suicide risk assessment and prevention methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Bornheimer
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Derin J Cobia
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Provo, UT, USA
| | | | - Joshua Holzworth
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthew J Smith
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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24
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Antonucci LA, Fazio L, Pergola G, Blasi G, Stolfa G, Di Palo P, Mucci A, Rocca P, Brasso C, di Giannantonio M, Maria Giordano G, Monteleone P, Pompili M, Siracusano A, Bertolino A, Galderisi S, Maj M. Joint structural-functional magnetic resonance imaging features are associated with diagnosis and real-world functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2022; 240:193-203. [PMID: 35032904 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Earlier evidence suggested that structural-functional covariation in schizophrenia patients (SCZ) is associated with cognition, a predictor of functioning. Moreover, studies suggested that functional brain abnormalities of schizophrenia may be related with structural network features. However, only few studies have investigated the relationship between structural-functional covariation and both diagnosis and functioning in SCZ. We hypothesized that structural-functional covariation networks associated with diagnosis are related to real-world functioning in SCZ. METHODS We performed joint Independent Component Analysis on T1 images and resting-state fMRI-based Degree Centrality (DC) maps from 89 SCZ and 285 controls. Structural-functional covariation networks in which we found a main effect of diagnosis underwent correlation analysis to investigate their relationship with functioning. Covariation networks showing a significant association with both diagnosis and functioning underwent univariate analysis to better characterize group-level differences at the spatial level. RESULTS A structural-functional covariation network characterized by frontal, temporal, parietal and thalamic structural estimates significantly covaried with temporo-parietal resting-state DC. Compared with controls, SCZ had reduced structural-functional covariation within this network (pFDR = 0.005). The same measure correlated positively with both social and occupational functioning (both pFDR = 0.042). Univariate analyses revealed grey matter deviations in SCZ compared with controls within this structural-functional network in hippocampus, cerebellum, thalamus, orbito-frontal cortex, and insula. No group differences were found in DC. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the existence of a phenotypical association between group-level differences and inter-individual heterogeneity of functional deficits in SCZ. Given that only the joint structural/functional analysis revealed this association, structural-functional covariation may be a potentially relevant schizophrenia phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Antonucci
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Fazio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stolfa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Piergiuseppe Di Palo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Armida Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Rocca
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Brasso
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Palmiero Monteleone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", Section of Neuroscience, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Department of Systems Medicine, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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25
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Doucet GE, Hamlin N, West A, Kruse JA, Moser DA, Wilson TW. Multivariate patterns of brain-behavior associations across the adult lifespan. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:161-194. [PMID: 35013005 PMCID: PMC8791210 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The nature of brain-behavior covariations with increasing age is poorly understood. In the current study, we used a multivariate approach to investigate the covariation between behavioral-health variables and brain features across adulthood. We recruited healthy adults aged 20–73 years-old (29 younger, mean age = 25.6 years; 30 older, mean age = 62.5 years), and collected structural and functional MRI (s/fMRI) during a resting-state and three tasks. From the sMRI, we extracted cortical thickness and subcortical volumes; from the fMRI, we extracted activation peaks and functional network connectivity (FNC) for each task. We conducted canonical correlation analyses between behavioral-health variables and the sMRI, or the fMRI variables, across all participants. We found significant covariations for both types of neuroimaging phenotypes (ps = 0.0004) across all individuals, with cognitive capacity and age being the largest opposite contributors. We further identified different variables contributing to the models across phenotypes and age groups. Particularly, we found behavior was associated with different neuroimaging patterns between the younger and older groups. Higher cognitive capacity was supported by activation and FNC within the executive networks in the younger adults, while it was supported by the visual networks’ FNC in the older adults. This study highlights how the brain-behavior covariations vary across adulthood and provides further support that cognitive performance relies on regional recruitment that differs between older and younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle E Doucet
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68010, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Noah Hamlin
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68010, USA
| | - Anna West
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68010, USA
| | - Jordanna A Kruse
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68010, USA
| | - Dominik A Moser
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68010, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
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26
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Smucny J, Dienel SJ, Lewis DA, Carter CS. Mechanisms underlying dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contributions to cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:292-308. [PMID: 34285373 PMCID: PMC8617156 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kraepelin, in his early descriptions of schizophrenia (SZ), characterized the illness as having "an orchestra without a conductor." Kraepelin further speculated that this "conductor" was situated in the frontal lobes. Findings from multiple studies over the following decades have clearly implicated pathology of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) as playing a central role in the pathophysiology of SZ, particularly with regard to key cognitive features such as deficits in working memory and cognitive control. Following an overview of the cognitive mechanisms associated with DLPFC function and how they are altered in SZ, we review evidence from an array of neuroscientific approaches addressing how these cognitive impairments may reflect the underlying pathophysiology of the illness. Specifically, we present evidence suggesting that alterations of the DLPFC in SZ are evident across a range of spatial and temporal resolutions: from its cellular and molecular architecture, to its gross structural and functional integrity, and from millisecond to longer timescales. We then present an integrative model based upon how microscale changes in neuronal signaling in the DLPFC can influence synchronized patterns of neural activity to produce macrocircuit-level alterations in DLPFC activation that ultimately influence cognition and behavior. We conclude with a discussion of initial efforts aimed at targeting DLPFC function in SZ, the clinical implications of those efforts, and potential avenues for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Smucny
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Samuel J Dienel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David A Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Cameron S Carter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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27
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Li S, Teng Z, Qiu Y, Pan P, Wu C, Jin K, Wang L, Chen J, Tang H, Xiang H, De Leon SA, Huang J, Guo W, Wang B, Wu H. Dissociation Pattern in Default-Mode Network Homogeneity in Drug-Naive Bipolar Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:699292. [PMID: 34434127 PMCID: PMC8380964 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.699292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Default mode network (DMN) plays a key role in the pathophysiology of in bipolar disorder (BD). However, the homogeneity of this network in BD is still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate abnormalities in the NH of the DMN at rest and the correlation between the NH of DMN and clinical variables in patients with BD. Forty drug-naive patients with BD and thirty-seven healthy control subjects participated in the study. Network homogeneity (NH) and independent component analysis (ICA) methods were used for data analysis. Support vector machines (SVM) method was used to analyze NH in different brain regions. Compared with healthy controls, significantly increased NH in the left superior medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and decreased NH in the right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and bilateral precuneus were found in patients with BD. NH in the right PCC was positively correlated with the verbal fluency test and verbal function total scores. NH in the left superior MPFC was negatively correlated with triglyceride (TG). NH in the right PCC was positively correlated with TG but negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). NH in the bilateral precuneus was positively correlated with cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). In addition, NH in the left superior MPFC showed high sensitivity (80.00%), specificity (71.43%), and accuracy (75.61%) in the SVM results. These findings contribute new evidence of the participation of the altered NH of the DMN in the pathophysiology of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziwei Teng
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pan Pan
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chujun Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Jin
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sara Arenas De Leon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Jing Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bolun Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haishan Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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28
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Ji JL, Helmer M, Fonteneau C, Burt JB, Tamayo Z, Demšar J, Adkinson BD, Savić A, Preller KH, Moujaes F, Vollenweider FX, Martin WJ, Repovš G, Murray JD, Anticevic A. Mapping brain-behavior space relationships along the psychosis spectrum. eLife 2021; 10:66968. [PMID: 34313219 PMCID: PMC8315806 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Difficulties in advancing effective patient-specific therapies for psychiatric disorders highlight a need to develop a stable neurobiologically grounded mapping between neural and symptom variation. This gap is particularly acute for psychosis-spectrum disorders (PSD). Here, in a sample of 436 PSD patients spanning several diagnoses, we derived and replicated a dimensionality-reduced symptom space across hallmark psychopathology symptoms and cognitive deficits. In turn, these symptom axes mapped onto distinct, reproducible brain maps. Critically, we found that multivariate brain-behavior mapping techniques (e.g. canonical correlation analysis) do not produce stable results with current sample sizes. However, we show that a univariate brain-behavioral space (BBS) can resolve stable individualized prediction. Finally, we show a proof-of-principle framework for relating personalized BBS metrics with molecular targets via serotonin and glutamate receptor manipulations and neural gene expression maps derived from the Allen Human Brain Atlas. Collectively, these results highlight a stable and data-driven BBS mapping across PSD, which offers an actionable path that can be iteratively optimized for personalized clinical biomarker endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lisa Ji
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Markus Helmer
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Clara Fonteneau
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | | | - Zailyn Tamayo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Jure Demšar
- Department of Psychology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Brendan D Adkinson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | | | - Katrin H Preller
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital for Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flora Moujaes
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital for Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz X Vollenweider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital for Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - William J Martin
- The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson and Johnson, San Francisco, United States
| | - Grega Repovš
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - John D Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - Alan Anticevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Department of Psychology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
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29
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Moser DA, Dricu M, Wiest R, Schüpbach L, Aue T. Social optimism biases are associated with cortical thickness. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 15:745-754. [PMID: 32685967 PMCID: PMC7511889 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimism biases denote the tendency to see future desirable events as being more likely to happen to oneself than undesirable events. Such biases are important for mental health and may extend to other individuals or social groups (social optimism biases). However, little is known about whether social optimism biases relate to brain structure. Using sparse canonical correlation analysis, we associated cortical thickness (assessed by magnetic resonance imaging) with measures of social and personal optimism bias, trait optimism and related concepts. We identified a defensive self-enhancement dimension that associated significantly and reliably with the cortical thickness of the insula and inferior frontal cortex. This self-enhancement dimension included unfavorable biases toward unpopular out-groups and indicators of personal optimism and pessimism. A shared biological substrate underlying future expectancies that subserves the promotion of the self and the denigration of unpopular out-groups may render society-wide efforts to counteract stereotyping particularly difficult: such efforts may hinder the establishment of adaptive personal optimism biases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihai Dricu
- University of Bern, Institute of Psychology, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | | | - Tatjana Aue
- University of Bern, Institute of Psychology, Bern 3012, Switzerland
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30
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Manza P, Shokri-Kojori E, Volkow ND. Reduced Segregation Between Cognitive and Emotional Processes in Cannabis Dependence. Cereb Cortex 2021; 30:628-639. [PMID: 31211388 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Addiction is characterized by an erosion of cognitive control toward drug taking that is accentuated by negative emotional states. Here we tested the hypothesis that enhanced interference on cognitive control reflects a loss of segregation between cognition and emotion in addiction. We analyzed Human Connectome Project data from 1206 young adults, including 89 with cannabis dependence (CD). Two composite factors, one for cognition and one for emotion, were derived using principal component (PC) analyses. Component scores for these PCs were significantly associated in the CD group, such that negative emotionality correlated with poor cognition. However, the corresponding component scores were uncorrelated in matched controls and nondependent recreational cannabis users (n = 87). In CD, but not controls or recreational users, functional magnetic resonance imaging activations to emotional stimuli (angry/fearful faces > shapes) correlated with activations to cognitive demand (working memory; 2-back > 0-back). Canonical correlation analyses linked individual differences in cognitive and emotional component scores with brain activations. In CD, there was substantial overlap between cognitive and emotional brain-behavior associations, but in controls, associations were more restricted to the cognitive domain. These findings support our hypothesis of impaired segregation between cognitive and emotional processes in CD that might contribute to poor cognitive control under conditions of increased emotional demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Manza
- National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ehsan Shokri-Kojori
- National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nora D Volkow
- National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Wang G, Lyu H, Wu R, Ou J, Zhu F, Liu Y, Zhao J, Guo W. Resting-state functional hypoconnectivity of amygdala in clinical high risk state and first-episode schizophrenia. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:1840-1849. [PMID: 31134583 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00124-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Resting-state functional hypoconnectivity of the amygdala with several brain regions has been identified in patients with schizophrenia. However, little is known about it in individuals at clinical high risk state. Treatment-seeking, drug-naive young adults were recruited for the study. The participants included 33 adults at Clinical High Risk (CHRs), 31 adults with first-episode schizophrenia (FSZs), and 37 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls. All the participants were subjected to resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. Seed-based voxel-wise amygdala/whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) was calculated and compared. In the CHR group, the right amygdala showed decreased FC with clusters located in the left orbital, right temporal, insular, and bilateral frontal and cingulate areas. In the FSZ group, the right amygdala showed decreased FC with clusters located in the right temporal, insular, cingulate, and frontal areas. Exactly 30% of the voxels showing decreased FC in the FSZ group coincided with those in the CHR group. No difference in FC was identified between the CHR and FSZ groups. Voxel-wise FC values with the left or right amygdala in the bilateral occipital cortex were negatively correlated with the PANSS total score in the FSZ group. Resting-state functional hypoconnectivity of the amygdala is a valuable risk phenotype of schizophrenia, and its distribution, rather than degree, distinguishes CHR state from schizophrenia. This particular hypoconnectivity in CHRs and FSZs is relatively independent of the symptomatology and may reflect a dysfunctional dopamine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.,Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hailong Lyu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.,Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Renrong Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.,Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianjun Ou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.,Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Furong Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.,Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.,Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China. .,Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China. .,Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Hidese S, Ota M, Matsuo J, Ishida I, Yokota Y, Hattori K, Yomogida Y, Kunugi H. Association between obesity and white matter microstructure impairments in patients with schizophrenia: A whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging study. Schizophr Res 2021; 230:108-110. [PMID: 32771309 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to examine the possible association of obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30) with symptoms, psychotropic medication, and whole-brain structure in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS Participants were 65 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (mean age: 37.2 ± 11.3 years, 32 females). All participants were Japanese and right-handed. Symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Voxel based morphometry (VBM) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed to analyze the association of obesity with gray and white matter structures, respectively. RESULTS There was no significant difference in PANSS scores between obese and non-obese patients, while the PSQI score was significantly higher in the former than in the latter (p < 0.05). The daily dose of typical antipsychotics was significantly higher in obese patients than in non-obese patients (p < 0.001). In VBM, there was no significant difference in gray matter volume between obese and non-obese patients. In DTI, fractional anisotropy values in the corpus callosum, corona radiata, corticospinal tract, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and posterior thalamic radiations were significantly lower in obese patients than in non-obese patients (corrected p < 0.05). Axial diffusivity was significantly lower while radial and mean diffusivities values were significantly higher in obese patients than in non-obese patients (corrected p < 0.05) in similar but more restricted brain regions. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that obesity is related to sleep disturbances, daily dose of typical antipsychotics, and regional white matter microstructure impairments in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Hidese
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Miho Ota
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Junko Matsuo
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Ikki Ishida
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yuuki Yokota
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hattori
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yukihito Yomogida
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan.
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Wu H, Zheng Y, Zhan Q, Dong J, Peng H, Zhai J, Zhao J, She S, Wu C. Covariation between spontaneous neural activity in the insula and affective temperaments is related to sleep disturbance in individuals with major depressive disorder. Psychol Med 2021; 51:731-740. [PMID: 31839025 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719003647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affective temperaments have been considered antecedents of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little is known about how the covariation between alterations in brain activity and distinct affective temperaments work collaboratively to contribute to MDD. Here, we focus on the insular cortex, a critical hub for the integration of subjective feelings, emotions, and motivations, to examine the neural correlates of affective temperaments and their relationship to depressive symptom dimensions. METHODS Twenty-nine medication-free patients with MDD and 58 healthy controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging scanning and completed the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS). Patients also received assessments of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). We used multivariate analyses of partial least squares regression and partial correlation analyses to explore the associations among the insular activity, affective temperaments, and depressive symptom dimensions. RESULTS A profile (linear combination) of increased fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) of the anterior insular subregions (left dorsal agranular-dysgranular insula and right ventral agranuar insula) was positively associated with an affective-temperament (depressive, irritable, anxious, and less hyperthymic) profile. The covariation between the insula-fALFF profile and the affective-temperament profile was significantly correlated with the sleep disturbance dimension (especially the middle and late insomnia scores) in the medication-free MDD patients. CONCLUSIONS The resting-state spontaneous activity of the anterior insula and affective temperaments collaboratively contribute to sleep disturbances in medication-free MDD patients. The approach used in this study provides a practical way to explore the relationship of multivariate measures in investigating the etiology of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawang Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou510370, China
| | - Yingjun Zheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou510370, China
| | - Qianqian Zhan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou510370, China
| | - Jie Dong
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou510370, China
| | - Hongjun Peng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou510370, China
| | - Jinguo Zhai
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining272067, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou510370, China
| | - Shenglin She
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou510370, China
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Nursing, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
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Moser DA, Dricu M, Kotikalapudi R, Doucet GE, Aue T. Reduced network integration in default mode and executive networks is associated with social and personal optimism biases. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2893-2906. [PMID: 33755272 PMCID: PMC8127148 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An optimism bias refers to the belief in good things happening to oneself in the future with a higher likelihood than is justified. Social optimism biases extend this concept to groups that one identifies with. Previous literature has found that both personal and social optimism biases are linked to brain structure and task-related brain function. Less is known about whether optimism biases are also expressed in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC). Forty-two participants completed questionnaires on dispositional personal optimism (which is not necessarily unjustified) and comparative optimism (i.e., whether we see our own future as being rosier than a comparison person's future) and underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. They further undertook an imaginative soccer task in order to assess both their personal and social optimism bias. We tested associations of these data with RSFC within and between 13 networks, using sparse canonical correlation analyses (sCCAs). We found that the primary sCCA component was positively connected to personal and social optimism bias and negatively connected to dispositional personal pessimism. This component was associated with (a) reduced integration of the default mode network, (b) reduced integration of the central executive and salience networks, and (c) reduced segregation between the default mode network and the central executive network. Our finding that optimism biases are linked to RSFC indicates that they may be rooted in neurobiology that exists outside of concurrent tasks. This poses questions as to what the limits of the malleability of such biases may be.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Andreas Moser
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mihai Dricu
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Gaelle Eve Doucet
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Tatjana Aue
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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35
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Thomas MB, Raghava JM, Pantelis C, Rostrup E, Nielsen MØ, Jensen MH, Glenthøj BY, Mandl RCW, Ebdrup BH, Fagerlund B. Associations between cognition and white matter microstructure in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls: A multivariate pattern analysis. Cortex 2021; 139:282-297. [PMID: 33933719 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive functions have been associated with white matter (WM) microstructure in schizophrenia, but most studies are limited by examining only select cognitive measures and single WM tracts in chronic, medicated patients. It is unclear if the cognition-WM relationship differs between antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, as differential associations have not been directly examined. Here we examine if there are differential patterns of associations between cognition and WM microstructure in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, and we characterize reliable contributors to the pattern of associations across multiple cognitive domains and WM regions, in order to elucidate white matter contribution to the neural underpinnings of cognitive deficits. METHODS Thirty-six first-episode antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia and 52 matched healthy controls underwent cognitive tests and diffusion-weighted imaging on a 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanner. Using a multivariate partial least squares correlation analysis, we included 14 cognitive variables and mean fractional anisotropy values of 48 WM regions. RESULTS Initial analyses showed significant group differences in both measures of WM and cognition. There was no group interaction effect in the pattern of associations between cognition and WM microstructure. The combined analysis of patients and controls lead to a significant pattern of associations (omnibus test p = .015). Thirty-four regions and seven cognitive functions contributed reliably to the associations. CONCLUSIONS The lack of an interaction effect suggests similar associations in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. This, together with the differences in both WM and cognitive measurements, supports the involvement of WM in cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Our findings add to the field by showing a coherent picture of the overall pattern of association between cognition and WM. These findings increase our understanding of the impact of WM on cognition, contributing to the search for neuromarkers of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie B Thomas
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jayachandra M Raghava
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Egill Rostrup
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Mette Ø Nielsen
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Maria H Jensen
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Birte Y Glenthøj
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - René C W Mandl
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Alakuş C, Larocque D, Jacquemont S, Barlaam F, Martin CO, Agbogba K, Lippé S, Labbe A. Conditional canonical correlation estimation based on covariates with random forests. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:2714-2721. [PMID: 33693547 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Investigating the relationships between two sets of variables helps to understand their interactions and can be done with canonical correlation analysis (CCA). However, the correlation between the two sets can sometimes depend on a third set of covariates, often subject-related ones such as age, gender, or other clinical measures. In this case, applying CCA to the whole population is not optimal and methods to estimate conditional CCA, given the covariates, can be useful. RESULTS We propose a new method called Random Forest with Canonical Correlation Analysis (RFCCA) to estimate the conditional canonical correlations between two sets of variables given subject-related covariates. The individual trees in the forest are built with a splitting rule specifically designed to partition the data to maximize the canonical correlation heterogeneity between child nodes. We also propose a significance test to detect the global effect of the covariates on the relationship between two sets of variables. The performance of the proposed method and the global significance test is evaluated through simulation studies that show it provides accurate canonical correlation estimations and well-controlled Type-1 error. We also show an application of the proposed method with EEG data. AVAILABILITY RFCCA is implemented in a freely available R package on CRAN (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=RFCCA). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary material are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Alakuş
- Department of Decision Sciences, HEC Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 2A7, Canada
| | - Denis Larocque
- Department of Decision Sciences, HEC Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 2A7, Canada
| | - Sébastien Jacquemont
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.,CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Fanny Barlaam
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Charles-Olivier Martin
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Kristian Agbogba
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Sarah Lippé
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Aurélie Labbe
- Department of Decision Sciences, HEC Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 2A7, Canada
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Nägele FL, Pasternak O, Bitzan LV, Mußmann M, Rauh J, Kubicki M, Leicht G, Shenton ME, Lyall AE, Mulert C. Cellular and extracellular white matter alterations indicate conversion to psychosis among individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis. World J Biol Psychiatry 2021; 22:214-227. [PMID: 32643526 PMCID: PMC7798359 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1775890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It is important to find biomarkers associated with transition to illness in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR). Here, we use free-water imaging, an advanced diffusion MRI technique, to identify white matter alterations in the brains of CHR subjects who subsequently develop psychosis (CHR-P) compared to those who do not (CHR-NP). METHODS Twenty-four healthy controls (HC) and 30 CHR individuals, 8 of whom converted to schizophrenia after a mean follow-up of 15.16 months, received baseline MRI scans. Maps of fractional anisotropy (FA), FA of cellular tissue (FAT), and extracellular free-water (FW) were extracted using tract-based spatial statistics after which voxel-wise non-parametric group statistics and correlations with symptom severity were performed. RESULTS There were no significant differences between HCs and the combined CHR group. However, prior to conversion, CHR-P showed widespread lower FA compared to CHR-NP (pFWE < 0.05). FA changes in CHR-P were associated with significantly lower FAT and higher FW, compared to CHR-NP. Positive symptoms correlated significantly with diffusion parameters in similar regions as those discriminating CHR-P from CHR-NP. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that cellular (FAT) and extracellular (FW) white matter alterations are associated with positive symptom severity and indicate an elevated illness risk among CHR individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix L. Nägele
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;,Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa V. Bitzan
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;,Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marius Mußmann
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Rauh
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregor Leicht
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martha E. Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;,VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA
| | - Amanda E. Lyall
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christoph Mulert
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;,Centre for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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Multivariate Patterns of Brain-Behavior-Environment Associations in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:510-520. [PMID: 33109338 PMCID: PMC7867576 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical developmental stage. A key challenge is to characterize how variation in adolescent brain organization relates to psychosocial and environmental influences. METHODS We used canonical correlation analysis to discover distinct patterns of covariation between measures of brain organization (brain morphometry, intracortical myelination, white matter integrity, and resting-state functional connectivity) and individual, psychosocial, and environmental factors in a nationally representative U.S. sample of 9623 individuals (aged 9-10 years, 49% female) participating in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. RESULTS These analyses identified 14 reliable modes of brain-behavior-environment covariation (canonical rdiscovery = .21 to .49, canonical rtest = .10 to .39, pfalse discovery rate corrected < .0001). Across modes, neighborhood environment, parental characteristics, quality of family life, perinatal history, cardiometabolic health, cognition, and psychopathology had the most consistent and replicable associations with multiple measures of brain organization; positive and negative exposures converged to form patterns of psychosocial advantage or adversity. These showed modality-general, respectively positive or negative, associations with brain structure and function with little evidence of regional specificity. Nested within these cross-modal patterns were more specific associations between prefrontal measures of morphometry, intracortical myelination, and functional connectivity with affective psychopathology, cognition, and family environment. CONCLUSIONS We identified clusters of exposures that showed consistent modality-general associations with global measures of brain organization. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the complex and intertwined influences on brain organization and mental function during development and have the potential to inform public health policies aiming toward interventions to improve mental well-being.
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Yang T, Lam RW, Huang J, Su Y, Liu J, Yang X, Yang L, Zhu N, Zhao G, Mao R, Zhou R, Xia W, Liu H, Wang Z, Chen J, Fang Y. Exploring the Effects of Temperament on Gray Matter Volume of Frontal Cortex in Patients with Mood Disorders. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:183-193. [PMID: 33519204 PMCID: PMC7837575 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s287351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have relatively specific temperament and structural abnormalities of brain regions related to emotion and cognition. However, the effects of temperament factors on the structure of frontal and temporal cortex is still unclear. The aims of this study were to explore the differences and relationships between temperament characteristics and the gray matter volume of frontal and temporal cortex in patients with BD or MDD. METHODS T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, demographic and clinical information were obtained from 279 depressed patients (90 patients with BD, 189 patients with MDD) and 162 healthy controls (HC). Temperament was assessed with the Chinese short version of Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego - Auto questionnaire (TEMPS-A). The Desikan-Killiany atlas was used for yielding gray matter volume by FreeSurfer 6.0 software suite. A total of 22 frontal and temporal regions were chosen as regions of interest (ROIs). RESULTS Compared with patients with MDD, patients with BD had higher TEMPS-A total scores and scores on cyclothymic, irritable and hyperthymic subscales. The gray matter volume in bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus (RMFG), left temporal pole and right superior frontal gyrus were reduced in patients with BD. Patients with MDD only had lower gray matter volume in bilateral temporal pole. In the pooled patients, there were negative associations between hyperthymia and gray matter volume in right RMFG. CONCLUSION Patients with BD and MDD had different temperament characteristics. The prominent temperament subscales in patients with BD were cyclothymia, irritable and hyperthymia. Patients with greater hyperthymia had lower gray matter volume in right frontal gyrus. Temperament may reflect an endophenotype in patients with mood disorders, especially in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Raymond W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jia Huang
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yousong Su
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xiaorui Yang
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Yang
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhu
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruizhi Mao
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rubai Zhou
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Xia
- Department of Medical Psychology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuowei Wang
- Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Hongkou District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiru Fang
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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40
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Linked patterns of biological and environmental covariation with brain structure in adolescence: a population-based longitudinal study. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4905-4918. [PMID: 32444868 PMCID: PMC7981783 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of major brain reorganization shaped by biologically timed and by environmental factors. We sought to discover linked patterns of covariation between brain structural development and a wide array of these factors by leveraging data from the IMAGEN study, a longitudinal population-based cohort of adolescents. Brain structural measures and a comprehensive array of non-imaging features (relating to demographic, anthropometric, and psychosocial characteristics) were available on 1476 IMAGEN participants aged 14 years and from a subsample reassessed at age 19 years (n = 714). We applied sparse canonical correlation analyses (sCCA) to the cross-sectional and longitudinal data to extract modes with maximum covariation between neuroimaging and non-imaging measures. Separate sCCAs for cortical thickness, cortical surface area and subcortical volumes confirmed that each imaging phenotype was correlated with non-imaging features (sCCA r range: 0.30-0.65, all PFDR < 0.001). Total intracranial volume and global measures of cortical thickness and surface area had the highest canonical cross-loadings (|ρ| = 0.31-0.61). Age, physical growth and sex had the highest association with adolescent brain structure (|ρ| = 0.24-0.62); at baseline, further significant positive associations were noted for cognitive measures while negative associations were observed at both time points for prenatal parental smoking, life events, and negative affect and substance use in youth (|ρ| = 0.10-0.23). Sex, physical growth and age are the dominant influences on adolescent brain development. We highlight the persistent negative influences of prenatal parental smoking and youth substance use as they are modifiable and of relevance for public health initiatives.
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Faria AV, Zhao Y, Ye C, Hsu J, Yang K, Cifuentes E, Wang L, Mori S, Miller M, Caffo B, Sawa A. Multimodal MRI assessment for first episode psychosis: A major change in the thalamus and an efficient stratification of a subgroup. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 42:1034-1053. [PMID: 33377594 PMCID: PMC7856640 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi‐institutional brain imaging studies have emerged to resolve conflicting results among individual studies. However, adjusting multiple variables at the technical and cohort levels is challenging. Therefore, it is important to explore approaches that provide meaningful results from relatively small samples at institutional levels. We studied 87 first episode psychosis (FEP) patients and 62 healthy subjects by combining supervised integrated factor analysis (SIFA) with a novel pipeline for automated structure‐based analysis, an efficient and comprehensive method for dimensional data reduction that our group recently established. We integrated multiple MRI features (volume, DTI indices, resting state fMRI—rsfMRI) in the whole brain of each participant in an unbiased manner. The automated structure‐based analysis showed widespread DTI abnormalities in FEP and rs‐fMRI differences between FEP and healthy subjects mostly centered in thalamus. The combination of multiple modalities with SIFA was more efficient than the use of single modalities to stratify a subgroup of FEP (individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder) that had more robust deficits from the overall FEP group. The information from multiple MRI modalities and analytical methods highlighted the thalamus as significantly abnormal in FEP. This study serves as a proof‐of‐concept for the potential of this methodology to reveal disease underpins and to stratify populations into more homogeneous sub‐groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia V Faria
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Chenfei Ye
- Department of Electronics and Information, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Guangdong, China
| | - Johnny Hsu
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kun Yang
- Department Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Cifuentes
- Department Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Susumu Mori
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian Caffo
- Department of Biostatistics, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Mental Health, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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42
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Feng R, Womer FY, Edmiston EK, Chen Y, Wang Y, Chang M, Yin Z, Wei Y, Duan J, Ren S, Li C, Liu Z, Jiang X, Wei S, Li S, Zhang X, Zuo XN, Tang Y, Wang F. Antipsychotic Effects on Cortical Morphology in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:579139. [PMID: 33362453 PMCID: PMC7758211 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.579139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies of atypical antipsychotic effects on cortical structures in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) have findings that vary between the short and long term. In particular, there has not been a study exploring the effects of atypical antipsychotics on age-related cortical structural changes in SZ and BD. This study aimed to determine whether mid- to long-term atypical antipsychotic treatment (mean duration = 20 months) is associated with cortical structural changes and whether age-related cortical structural changes are affected by atypical antipsychotics. Methods: Structural magnetic resonance imaging images were obtained from 445 participants consisting of 88 medicated patients (67 with SZ, 21 with BD), 84 unmedicated patients (50 with SZ, 34 with BD), and 273 healthy controls (HC). Surface-based analyses were employed to detect differences in thickness and area among the three groups. We examined the age-related effects of atypical antipsychotics after excluding the potential effects of illness duration. Results: Significant differences in cortical thickness were observed in the frontal, temporal, parietal, and insular areas and the isthmus of the cingulate gyrus. The medicated group showed greater cortical thinning in these regions than the unmediated group and HC; furthermore, there were age-related differences in the effects of atypical antipsychotics, and these effects did not relate to illness duration. Moreover, cortical thinning was significantly correlated with lower symptom scores and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) deficits in patients. After false discovery rate correction, cortical thinning in the right middle temporal gyrus in patients was significantly positively correlated with lower HAMD scores. The unmedicated group showed only greater frontotemporal thickness than the HC group. Conclusion: Mid- to long-term atypical antipsychotic use may adversely affect cortical thickness over the course of treatment and ageing and may also result in worsening cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Feng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fay Y Womer
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - E Kale Edmiston
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yifan Chen
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinshan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science and Research Center for Lifespan Development of Mind and Brain (CLIMB), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Chang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyang Yin
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yange Wei
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia Duan
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sihua Ren
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shengnan Wei
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Songbai Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xizhe Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi-Nian Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Education Sciences, School of Education Sciences, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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43
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Doucet GE, Lin D, Du Y, Fu Z, Glahn DC, Calhoun VD, Turner J, Frangou S. Personalized estimates of morphometric similarity in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2020; 6:39. [PMID: 33277498 PMCID: PMC7718905 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-020-00128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are associated with brain morphometry alterations. This study investigates inter-individual variability in brain structural profiles, both within diagnostic groups and between patients and healthy individuals. Brain morphometric measures from three independent samples of patients with schizophrenia (n = 168), bipolar disorder (n = 122), and healthy individuals (n = 180) were modeled as single vectors to generated individualized profiles of subcortical volumes and regional cortical thickness. These profiles were then used to compute a person-based similarity index (PBSI) for subcortical volumes and for regional cortical thickness, to quantify the within-group similarity of the morphometric profile of each individual to that of the other participants in the same diagnostic group. There was no effect of diagnosis on the PBSI for subcortical volumes. In contrast, compared to healthy individuals, the PBSI for cortical thickness was lower in patients with schizophrenia (effect size = 0.4, p ≤ 0.0002), but not in patients with bipolar disorder. The results were robust and reproducible across samples. We conclude that disease mechanisms for these disorders produce modest inter-individual variations in brain morphometry that should be considered in future studies attempting to cluster patients in subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle E Doucet
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dongdong Lin
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuhui Du
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,School of Computer & Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zening Fu
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David C Glahn
- Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vincent D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica Turner
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Person-based similarity in brain structure and functional connectivity in bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 276:38-44. [PMID: 32697714 PMCID: PMC7568424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder shows significant variability in clinical presentation. Here we adopt a personalized approach to quantify the brain structural and functional similarity of each individual patient to other patients and to healthy individuals. METHODS Brain morphometric and resting-state functional connectivity measures from two independent samples of patients with bipolar disorder and healthy individuals (total number of participants=215) were modeled as single vectors to generated individualized morphometric and connectivity profiles. These profiles were then used to compute a person-based similarity indices which quantified the similarity in neuroimaging profiles amongst patients and between patients and health individuals. RESULTS The morphometric and connectivity profiles of patients showed within-diagnosis similarity which was comparable to that observed in healthy individuals. They also showed minimal deviance from those of healthy individuals; the correlation between the profiles of patients and healthy individuals was high (range: 0.71-0.94, p<10-5). The degree of similarity between imaging profiles was associated with IQ (for cortical thickness) and age (functional integration) rather than clinical variables. Patients who were prescribed lithium, compared to those who were not, showed greater similarity to healthy individuals in terms of network integration (t = 2.2, p = 0.03). LIMITATIONS We focused on patients with Bipolar disorder, type I only. CONCLUSIONS High inter-individual similarity in neuroimaging profiles was observed amongst patients with bipolar disorder and between patients and healthy individuals. We infer that brain alterations associated with bipolar disorder may be nested within the normal biological diversity consistent with the high prevalence of mood symptoms in the general population.
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45
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Kwak S, Park S, Kim J, Park S, Lee JY. Multivariate neuroanatomical correlates of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia and the moderating role of education. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 28:102452. [PMID: 33070098 PMCID: PMC7569337 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric symptoms are commonly observed as brain pathology progresses with dementia. Behavioral and affective disturbances underly the distinct neuroanatomical basis of typical symptoms of cognitive impairment; however it remains unclear whether enriched intellectual experience, such as educational attainment, can mitigate the effect of brain structural patterns on neuropsychiatric symptom severity. We utilized the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS-3) dataset, which includes brain structural MRI and behavioral symptom evaluation. We included 904 older adults who were mostly cognitively normal, clinically diagnosed with very mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease, or other types of dementia. Canonical correlation analysis was used to identify the patterns of multivariate association between the gray matter structure and neuropsychiatric symptom severity. First, we identified two canonical modes capturing the distinct neuroanatomical basis of common and mood-specific factors of neuropsychiatric symptoms. The first common pattern reflected a smaller volume in the amygdala and adjacent temporal regional thickness. The second mood-specific pattern reflected patterns in lateral and orbital prefrontal regional thickness. In the external correlational analysis, the two canonical correlations reflected global brain volume and white matter lesions; however, the second pattern was not associated with functional impairments or cognitive function. Moreover, older adults with higher education showed an attenuated severity of behavioral symptoms, even with the presence of a brain structural pattern. Our findings suggest that educational attainment, as a proxy of cognitive reserve, can mitigate the severity of behavioral and affective symptoms of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Soowon Park
- Division of Teacher Education, Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongsim Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Seho Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea.
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Zhuang X, Yang Z, Cordes D. A technical review of canonical correlation analysis for neuroscience applications. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:3807-3833. [PMID: 32592530 PMCID: PMC7416047 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Collecting comprehensive data sets of the same subject has become a standard in neuroscience research and uncovering multivariate relationships among collected data sets have gained significant attentions in recent years. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is one of the powerful multivariate tools to jointly investigate relationships among multiple data sets, which can uncover disease or environmental effects in various modalities simultaneously and characterize changes during development, aging, and disease progressions comprehensively. In the past 10 years, despite an increasing number of studies have utilized CCA in multivariate analysis, simple conventional CCA dominates these applications. Multiple CCA-variant techniques have been proposed to improve the model performance; however, the complicated multivariate formulations and not well-known capabilities have delayed their wide applications. Therefore, in this study, a comprehensive review of CCA and its variant techniques is provided. Detailed technical formulation with analytical and numerical solutions, current applications in neuroscience research, and advantages and limitations of each CCA-related technique are discussed. Finally, a general guideline in how to select the most appropriate CCA-related technique based on the properties of available data sets and particularly targeted neuroscience questions is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhuang
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain HealthLas VegasNevadaUSA
| | - Zhengshi Yang
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain HealthLas VegasNevadaUSA
| | - Dietmar Cordes
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain HealthLas VegasNevadaUSA
- University of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA
- Department of Brain HealthUniversity of NevadaLas VegasNevadaUSA
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47
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Haas SS, Doucet GE, Garg S, Herrera SN, Sarac C, Bilgrami ZR, Shaik RB, Corcoran CM. Linking language features to clinical symptoms and multimodal imaging in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 63:e72. [PMID: 32778184 PMCID: PMC7443790 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in the semantic and syntactic organization of speech have been reported in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. The current study seeks to examine whether such abnormalities are associated with changes in brain structure and functional connectivity in CHR individuals. METHODS Automated natural language processing analysis was applied to speech samples obtained from 46 CHR and 22 healthy individuals. Brain structural and resting-state functional imaging data were also acquired from all participants. Sparse canonical correlation analysis (sCCA) was used to ascertain patterns of covariation between linguistic features, clinical symptoms, and measures of brain morphometry and functional connectivity related to the language network. RESULTS In CHR individuals, we found a significant mode of covariation between linguistic and clinical features (r = 0.73; p = 0.003), with negative symptoms and bizarre thinking covarying mostly with measures of syntactic complexity. In the entire sample, separate sCCAs identified a single mode of covariation linking linguistic features with brain morphometry (r = 0.65; p = 0.05) and resting-state network connectivity (r = 0.63; p = 0.01). In both models, semantic and syntactic features covaried with brain structural and functional connectivity measures of the language network. However, the contribution of diagnosis to both models was negligible. CONCLUSIONS Syntactic complexity appeared sensitive to prodromal symptoms in CHR individuals while the patterns of brain-language covariation seemed preserved. Further studies in larger samples are required to establish the reproducibility of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Haas
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - G E Doucet
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - S Garg
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - S N Herrera
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - C Sarac
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Z R Bilgrami
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - R B Shaik
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - C M Corcoran
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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48
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Kirschner M, Shafiei G, Markello RD, Makowski C, Talpalaru A, Hodzic-Santor B, Devenyi GA, Paquola C, Bernhardt BC, Lepage M, Chakravarty MM, Dagher A, Mišić B. Latent Clinical-Anatomical Dimensions of Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:1426-1438. [PMID: 32744604 PMCID: PMC8496914 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Widespread structural brain abnormalities have been consistently reported in schizophrenia, but their relation to the heterogeneous clinical manifestations remains unknown. In particular, it is unclear whether anatomical abnormalities in discrete regions give rise to discrete symptoms or whether distributed abnormalities give rise to the broad clinical profile associated with schizophrenia. Here, we apply a multivariate data-driven approach to investigate covariance patterns between multiple-symptom domains and distributed brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. Structural magnetic resonance imaging and clinical data were derived from one discovery sample (133 patients and 113 controls) and one independent validation sample (108 patients and 69 controls). Disease-related voxel-wise brain abnormalities were estimated using deformation-based morphometry. Partial least-squares analysis was used to comprehensively map clinical, neuropsychological, and demographic data onto distributed deformation in a single multivariate model. The analysis identified 3 latent clinical-anatomical dimensions that collectively accounted for 55% of the covariance between clinical data and brain deformation. The first latent clinical-anatomical dimension was replicated in an independent sample, encompassing cognitive impairments, negative symptom severity, and brain abnormalities within the default mode and visual networks. This cognitive-negative dimension was associated with low socioeconomic status and was represented across multiple races. Altogether, we identified a continuous cognitive-negative dimension of schizophrenia, centered on 2 intrinsic networks. By simultaneously taking into account both clinical manifestations and neuroanatomical abnormalities, the present results open new avenues for multi-omic stratification and biotyping of individuals with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kirschner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Golia Shafiei
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ross D Markello
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Carolina Makowski
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexandra Talpalaru
- Cerebral Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Benazir Hodzic-Santor
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gabriel A Devenyi
- Cerebral Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Casey Paquola
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Martin Lepage
- Cerebral Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - M Mallar Chakravarty
- Cerebral Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alain Dagher
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Bratislav Mišić
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada,To whom correspondence should be addressed; tel: 514-398-1857, fax: 514-398-1857, e-mail:
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Dong D, Duan M, Wang Y, Zhang X, Jia X, Li Y, Xin F, Yao D, Luo C. Reconfiguration of Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Sensory and Perceptual System in Schizophrenia. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:3577-3589. [PMID: 30272139 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is thought as a self-disorder with dysfunctional brain connectivity. This self-disorder is often attributed to high-order cognitive impairment. Yet due to the frequent report of sensorial and perceptual deficits, it has been hypothesized that self-disorder in schizophrenia is dysfunctional communication between sensory and cognitive processes. To further verify this assumption, the present study comprehensively examined dynamic reconfigurations of resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in schizophrenia at voxel level, region level, and network levels (102 patients vs. 124 controls). We found patients who show consistently increased rsFC variability in sensory and perceptual system, including visual network, sensorimotor network, attention network, and thalamus at all the three levels. However, decreased variability in high-order networks, such as default mode network and frontal-parietal network were only consistently observed at region and network levels. Taken together, these findings highlighted the rudimentary role of elevated instability of information communication in sensory and perceptual system and attenuated whole-brain integration of high-order network in schizophrenia, which provided novel neural evidence to support the hypothesis of disrupted perceptual and cognitive function in schizophrenia. The foci of effects also highlighted that targeting perceptual deficits can be regarded as the key to enhance our understanding of pathophysiology in schizophrenia and promote new treatment intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debo Dong
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of life Science and technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingjun Duan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of life Science and technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, Chengdu, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Faculty of Psychological and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Data Analysis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of life Science and technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jia
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of life Science and technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingjia Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of life Science and technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Xin
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of life Science and technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, Chengdu, China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of life Science and technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of life Science and technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, Chengdu, China
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50
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Kaczkurkin AN, Moore TM, Sotiras A, Xia CH, Shinohara RT, Satterthwaite TD. Approaches to Defining Common and Dissociable Neurobiological Deficits Associated With Psychopathology in Youth. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:51-62. [PMID: 32087950 PMCID: PMC7305976 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders show high rates of comorbidity and nonspecificity of presenting clinical symptoms, while demonstrating substantial heterogeneity within diagnostic categories. Notably, many of these psychiatric disorders first manifest in youth. We review progress and next steps in efforts to parse heterogeneity in psychiatric symptoms in youths by identifying abnormalities within neural circuits. To address this fundamental challenge in psychiatry, a number of methods have been proposed. We provide an overview of these methods, broadly organized into dimensional versus categorical approaches and single-view versus multiview approaches. Dimensional approaches including factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis aim to capture dimensional associations between psychopathology and brain measures across a continuous spectrum from health to disease. In contrast, categorical approaches, such as clustering and community detection, aim to identify subtypes of individuals within a class of symptoms or brain features. We highlight several studies that apply these methods to samples of youths and discuss issues to consider when using these approaches. Finally, we end by highlighting avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tyler M Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Aristeidis Sotiras
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Cedric Huchuan Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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