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Dong T, Yu C, Mao Q, Han F, Yang Z, Yang Z, Pires N, Wei X, Jing W, Lin Q, Hu F, Hu X, Zhao L, Jiang Z. Advances in biosensors for major depressive disorder diagnostic biomarkers. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 258:116291. [PMID: 38735080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders and is mainly characterized by low mood or lack of interest and pleasure. It can be accompanied by varying degrees of cognitive and behavioral changes and may lead to suicide risk in severe cases. Due to the subjectivity of diagnostic methods and the complexity of patients' conditions, the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) has always been a difficult problem in psychiatry. With the discovery of more diagnostic biomarkers associated with MDD in recent years, especially emerging non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), it is possible to quantify the condition of patients with mental illness based on biomarker levels. Point-of-care biosensors have emerged due to their advantages of convenient sampling, rapid detection, miniaturization, and portability. After summarizing the pathogenesis of MDD, representative biomarkers, including proteins, hormones, and RNAs, are discussed. Furthermore, we analyzed recent advances in biosensors for detecting various types of biomarkers of MDD, highlighting representative electrochemical sensors. Future trends in terms of new biomarkers, new sample processing methods, and new detection modalities are expected to provide a complete reference for psychiatrists and biomedical engineers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dong
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Systems, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China.
| | - Chenghui Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Systems, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China.
| | - Qi Mao
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Feng Han
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhenwei Yang
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhaochu Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Systems, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Nuno Pires
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Systems, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Xueyong Wei
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Weixuan Jing
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Qijing Lin
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Fei Hu
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Smart Justice, School of Criminal Investigation, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, 401120, China.
| | - Libo Zhao
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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Zagaria A, Fiori V, Vacca M, Lombardo C, Pariante CM, Ballesio A. Inflammation as a mediator between adverse childhood experiences and adult depression: A meta-analytic structural equation model. J Affect Disord 2024; 357:85-96. [PMID: 38677656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) confers a higher risk of developing depression in adulthood, yet the mediation of inflammation remains under debate. To test this model, we conducted a systematic review and two-stage structural equation modelling meta-analysis of studies reporting correlations between ACEs before age 18, inflammatory markers and depression severity in adulthood. Scopus, Pubmed, Medline, PsycInfo, and CINAHL were searched up to 2 October 2023. Twenty-two studies reporting data on C-reactive protein (CRP, n = 12,935), interleukin-6 (IL-6, n = 4108), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, n = 2256) and composite measures of inflammation (n = 1674) were included. Unadjusted models revealed that CRP (β = 0.003, 95 % LBCI 0.0002 to 0.0068), IL-6 (β = 0.003, 95 % LBCI 0.001 to 0.006), and composite inflammation (β = 0.009, 95 % LBCI 0.004 to 0.018) significantly mediated the association between ACEs and adult depression. The mediation effects no longer survived after adjusting for BMI; however, a serial mediation model revealed that BMI and IL-6 sequentially mediated the association between ACEs and depression (β = 0.002, 95 % LBCI 0.0005 to 0.0046), accounting for 14.59 % and 9.94 % of the variance of IL-6 and depressive symptoms, respectively. Due to the cross-sectional nature of assessment of inflammation and depression findings should be approached with caution; however, results suggest that complex interactions of psychoneuroimmunological and metabolic factors underlie the association between ACEs and adulthood depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zagaria
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Fiori
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Mariacarolina Vacca
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Lombardo
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrea Ballesio
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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Yu T, Chen C, Yang Y, Wang M, Yang Y, Feng W, Yuan S, Ma X, Li J, Zhang B. Dissecting the association between gut microbiota, body mass index and specific depressive symptoms: a mediation Mendelian randomisation study. Gen Psychiatr 2024; 37:e101412. [PMID: 38975363 PMCID: PMC11227829 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2023-101412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies highlight the association between gut microbiota (GM) composition and depression; however, evidence for the causal relationship between GM and specific depressive symptoms remains lacking. Aims We aimed to evaluate the causal relationship between GM and specific depressive symptoms as well as the mediating role of body mass index (BMI). Methods We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis using genetic variants associated with GM and specific depressive symptoms from genome-wide association studies. The mediating role of BMI was subsequently explored using mediation analysis via two-step MR. Results MR evidence suggested the Bifidobacterium genus (β=-0.03; 95% CI -0.05 to -0.02; p<0.001 and β=-0.03; 95% CI -0.05 to -0.02; p<0.001) and Actinobacteria phylum (β=-0.04; 95% CI -0.06 to -0.02; p<0.001 and β=-0.03; 95% CI -0.05 to -0.03; p=0.001) had protective effects on both anhedonia and depressed mood. The Actinobacteria phylum also had protective effects on appetite changes (β=-0.04; 95% CI -0.06 to -0.01; p=0.005), while the Family XI had an antiprotective effect (β=0.03; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.04; p<0.001). The Bifidobacteriaceae family (β=-0.01; 95% CI -0.02 to -0.01; p=0.001) and Actinobacteria phylum (β=-0.02; 95% CI -0.03 to -0.01; p=0.001) showed protective effects against suicidality. The two-step MR analysis revealed that BMI also acted as a mediating moderator between the Actinobacteria phylum and appetite changes (mediated proportion, 34.42%) and that BMI partially mediated the effect of the Bifidobacterium genus (14.14% and 8.05%) and Actinobacteria phylum (13.10% and 8.31%) on both anhedonia and depressed mood. Conclusions These findings suggest a potential therapeutic effect of Actinobacteria and Bifidobacterium on both depression and obesity. Further studies are required to translate these findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Mental Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengfeng Chen
- School of Mental Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuqing Yang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Mental Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingqia Wang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yantianyu Yang
- School of Mental Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanting Feng
- School of Mental Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiqi Yuan
- School of Mental Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiancang Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Tian X, Dong YQ, Yuan JY, Gao Y, Zhang CH, Li MJ, Li J. Association between peripheral plasma cytokine levels and suicidal ideation in first-episode, drug-naïve major depressive disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 165:107042. [PMID: 38613945 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory processes could potentially impact both mood and suicide risk, however, the relationship between cytokines and suicidal ideation remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between plasma levels of cytokines and suicidal ideation in population with major depressive disorders (MDD). METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed to assess the peripheral plasma levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in 88 Chinese Han first-episode drug-naïve MDD patients. Suicidal ideation in the past week were identified using the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-Chinese Version (BSI-CV). The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HAMD-17), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale-14 (HAMA-14) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was used to assess depression, anxiety and childhood trauma. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between cytokines and suicidal ideation. Interaction and stratified analyses were conducted according to age, sex, marital status, education, smoking status, BMI and physical activity. RESULTS Among the 88 participants, 42 individuals (47.7%) reported suicidal ideation within the past week. In the fully adjusted model, a statistically significant trend was observed in the association between IL-2 level and suicidal ideation (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.00-1.97). The stratified analysis showed a statistically significant association between IL-6 level and suicidal ideation among younger people (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.36) and a significant positive association between IL-8 (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.03-2.44) and IL-10 (OR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.27-4.96) levels and suicide ideation among higher educated populations. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design, residual confounding effects and small sample size CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate a significant positive association between plasma IL-2 level and suicidal ideation in MDD patients. IL-2 has the potential to be a biomarker of suicidal ideation in patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tian
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Ye-Qing Dong
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Jia-Yu Yuan
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Chu-Hao Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Mei-Juan Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China.
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Bergstedt J, Pasman JA, Ma Z, Harder A, Yao S, Parker N, Treur JL, Smit DJA, Frei O, Shadrin AA, Meijsen JJ, Shen Q, Hägg S, Tornvall P, Buil A, Werge T, Hjerling-Leffler J, Als TD, Børglum AD, Lewis CM, McIntosh AM, Valdimarsdóttir UA, Andreassen OA, Sullivan PF, Lu Y, Fang F. Distinct biological signature and modifiable risk factors underlie the comorbidity between major depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:754-769. [PMID: 38898929 PMCID: PMC11182748 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00488-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are often comorbid, resulting in excess morbidity and mortality. Here we show that CVDs share most of their genetic risk factors with MDD. Multivariate genome-wide association analysis of shared genetic liability between MDD and atherosclerotic CVD revealed seven loci and distinct patterns of tissue and brain cell-type enrichments, suggesting the involvement of the thalamus. Part of the genetic overlap was explained by shared inflammatory, metabolic and psychosocial or lifestyle risk factors. Our data indicated causal effects of genetic liability to MDD on CVD risk, but not from most CVDs to MDD, and showed that the causal effects were partly explained by metabolic and psychosocial or lifestyle factors. The distinct signature of MDD-atherosclerotic CVD comorbidity suggests an immunometabolic subtype of MDD that is more strongly associated with CVD than overall MDD. In summary, we identified biological mechanisms underlying MDD-CVD comorbidity and modifiable risk factors for prevention of CVD in individuals with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Bergstedt
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joëlle A. Pasman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ziyan Ma
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arvid Harder
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shuyang Yao
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadine Parker
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorien L. Treur
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk J. A. Smit
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexey A. Shadrin
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joeri J. Meijsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Qing Shen
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Tornvall
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Hjerling-Leffler
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas D. Als
- Department of Molecular Medicine (MOMA), Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D. Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cathryn M. Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Unnur A. Valdimarsdóttir
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrick F. Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fang Fang
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Li Z, Ma Q, Deng Y, Rolls ET, Shen C, Li Y, Zhang W, Xiang S, Langley C, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW, Yu JT, Feng J, Cheng W. Irritable Bowel Syndrome Is Associated With Brain Health by Neuroimaging, Behavioral, Biochemical, and Genetic Analyses. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:1122-1132. [PMID: 38199582 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) interacts with psychopathology in a complex way; however, little is known about the underlying brain, biochemical, and genetic mechanisms. METHODS To clarify the phenotypic and genetic associations between IBS and brain health, we performed a comprehensive retrospective cohort study on a large population. Our study included 171,104 participants from the UK Biobank who underwent a thorough assessment of IBS, with the majority also providing neuroimaging, behavioral, biochemical, and genetic information. Multistage linked analyses were conducted, including phenome-wide association analysis, polygenic risk score calculation, and 2-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. RESULTS The phenome-wide association analysis showed that IBS was linked to brain health problems, including anxiety and depression, and poor cognitive performance. Significantly lower brain volumes associated with more severe IBS were found in key areas related to emotional regulation and higher-order cognition, including the medial orbitofrontal cortex/ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, anterior and mid-cingulate cortices, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus. Higher triglycerides, lower high-intensity lipoprotein, and lower platelets were also related (p < 1 × 10-10) to more severe IBS. Finally, Mendelian randomization analyses demonstrated potential causal relationships between IBS and brain health and indicated possible mediating effects of dyslipidemia and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between IBS and brain health phenotypes, integrating perspectives from neuroimaging, behavioral performance, biochemical factors, and genetics, which is of great significance for clinical applications to potentially address brain health impairments in patients with IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueting Deng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Edmund T Rolls
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; Oxford Centre for Computational Neuroscience, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Chun Shen
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuzhu Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shitong Xiang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Christelle Langley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara J Sahakian
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
| | - Wei Cheng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
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Qi W, Wang D, Hong Y, Yao J, Wang H, Zhu L, Pan H. Investigating the causal relationship between thyroid dysfunction diseases and osteoporosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12784. [PMID: 38834708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction diseases (TDFDs) and osteoporosis (OP) is high. Previous studies have indicated a potential association between TDFDs and OP, yet the causal direction remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential causal relationship between TDFDs and the risk of developing OP and related fractures. We obtained pooled data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) conducted on TDFDs and OP in European populations and identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with genome-wide significance levels associated with exposure to TDFDs as instrumental variables. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was employed as the primary method for Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, supplemented by MR‒Egger, weighted median, simple mode and weighted mode methods. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the findings. The IVW method demonstrated an increased risk of OP in patients with TDFDs, including hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism (TDFDs: OR = 1.11; 95% CI 1.09, 1.13; hypothyroidism: OR = 1.14; 95% CI 1.10, 1.17; hyperthyroidism: OR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.06, 1.12). These findings were supported by supplementary analysis, which revealed a positive correlation between TDFDs and the risk of OP. Multiple sensitivity analyses confirmed the absence of horizontal pleiotropy in the study, thus indicating the robustness of our results. The causal relationship between TDFDs and increased risk of OP implies the need for early bone mineral density (BMD) screening and proactive prevention and treatment strategies for individuals with TDFDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihui Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ding Qiao Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ding Qiao Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihu Hong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ding Qiao Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ding Qiao Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ding Qiao Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ding Qiao Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ding Qiao Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
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8
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Foley ÉM, Slaney C, Donnelly NA, Kaser M, Ziegler L, Khandaker GM. A novel biomarker of interleukin 6 activity and clinical and cognitive outcomes in depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 164:107008. [PMID: 38442505 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) are implicated in depression, but most studies have hitherto focused on circulating levels of IL-6 rather than its activity. IL-6 trans-signalling is thought to be responsible for most of the pathogenic effects of IL-6 and is implicated in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. We tested the association between a multi-protein-derived measure of IL-6 trans-signalling and clinical and cognitive outcomes in patients with depression. We hypothesised that this novel measure of IL-6 activity/bioavailability would be associated with clinical and cognitive measures previously reported to be associated with inflammation in depression. METHODS Using data from 86 patients with International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis of depression, we calculated a ratio score representing IL-6 activity/bioavailability using serum IL-6, soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), and soluble glycoprotein 130 levels. We tested the relationship of this novel biomarker with 12 cytokines using correlation analyses and with cognitive and clinical measures using multivariable linear regression, following z-transformation of all immune exposures. RESULTS The novel measure of IL-6 activity/bioavailability was correlated with IL-6 (r=0.42, P=0.03), C-reactive protein (CRP) (r=0.42, P=0.03), sIL-6R (r=0.91, P<0.01), and tumour necrosis factor alpha (r=0.43, P=0.03). The IL-6 activity/bioavailability measure was associated with higher somatic symptoms of depression (β=1.09; 95% CI 0.30, 1.88; PFDR=0.01), fatigue (β=4.34; 95% CI 1.26, 7.42; PFDR=0.03), depression severity (β=3.06; 95% CI 0.71, 5.40; P=0.02), poorer quality of life (β=-0.07; 95% CI -0.13, -0.01; PFDR=0.045), and decreased psychomotor speed (β=-5.46; 95% CI -9.09, -1.84; PFDR=0.01),. There was little evidence of associations with reaction time, anhedonia, anxiety, emotional perception and recall, executive function, and sustained attention (Ps>0.05). The effect estimates for the associations of the novel measure with depression outcomes were comparable to those for individual immune proteins (i.e., IL-6, CRP, sIL-6R). CONCLUSION A novel multi-protein-derived measure of IL-6 activity/bioavailability shows robust associations with various inflammation-related clinical and cognitive outcomes in depression and performs well in comparison to single inflammatory proteins. We need replication of these findings in other samples, experiments for mechanistic validity of this novel biomarker, and clinical studies to assess its usefulness as a marker of illness risk and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éimear M Foley
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Chloe Slaney
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nicholas A Donnelly
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Muzaffer Kaser
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Louise Ziegler
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Golam M Khandaker
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust, Bristol, UK; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
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9
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Zhu Y, Jin X, Liu J, Yang W. Identification and Functional Investigation of Hub Genes Associated with Follicular Lymphoma. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10831-4. [PMID: 38802691 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL), the most common type of indolent lymphoma, originates from germinal center B cells within the lymphoid follicle. However, the underlying mechanisms of this disease remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the potential hub genes for FL and evaluate their functional roles in clinical applications. Microarray data and clinical characteristics of patients with FL were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were employed to explore hub genes for FL. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to investigate the potential roles of these hub genes in FL. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to verify the causal effect of the top genes on FL risk. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune cell analysis were performed to elucidate the involved mechanisms of the crucial genes in FL. A total of 1363 differentially expressed genes and 157 central genes were identified by differential expression analysis and WGCNA, respectively, resulting in 117 overlapping genes considered as hub genes for FL. Functional enrichment analysis revealed significant correlations between immune-related pathways and FL. MR analysis revealed a significant association only between zeta chain of T-cell receptor-associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP70) and FL risk, with no significance observed for the other top genes. GSEA and immune cell analysis suggested that ZAP70 may be involved in the development and progression of FL through immune-related pathways. By integrating bioinformatics and MR analyses, ZAP70 was successfully identified and validated as a promising FL biomarker. Functional investigations indicated a significant correlation between immune-related pathways and FL. These findings have important implications for the identification of targets for the diagnosis and treatment of FL and provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying FL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xiaoyi Jin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fengxian District Nanqiao Community Health Center, Shanghai, 201400, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Wenzhong Yang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Punan Hosptial of Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200125, China.
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10
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Zhu L, Wang Y, Li J, Zhou H, Li N, Wang Y. Depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older people in China and associations with chronic diseases. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1381273. [PMID: 38841667 PMCID: PMC11151855 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1381273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction It remains unclear whether depressive symptoms are associated with increased all-cause mortality and to what extent depressive symptoms are associated with chronic disease and all-cause mortality. The study aims to explore the relationship between depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality, and how depressive symptoms may, in turn, affect all-cause mortality among Chinese middle-aged and older people through chronic diseases. Methods Data were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). This cohort study involved 13,855 individuals from Wave 1 (2011) to Wave 6 (2020) of the CHARLS, which is a nationally representative survey that collects information from Chinese residents ages 45 and older to explore intrinsic mechanisms between depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) was validated through the CHARLS. Covariates included socioeconomic variables, living habits, and self-reported history of chronic diseases. Kaplan-Meier curves depicted mortality rates by depressive symptom levels, with Cox proportional hazards regression models estimating the hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality. Results Out of the total 13,855 participants included, the median (Q1, Q3) age was 58.00 (51.00, 63.00) years. Adjusted for all covariates, middle-aged and older adults with depressive symptoms had a higher all-cause mortality rate (HR = 1.20 [95% CI, 1.09-1.33]). An increased rate was observed for 55-64 years old (HR = 1.23 [95% CI, 1.03-1.47]) and more than 65 years old (HR = 1.32 [95% CI, 1.18-1.49]), agricultural Hukou (HR = 1.44, [95% CI, 1.30-1.59]), and nonagricultural workload (HR = 1.81 [95% CI, 1.61-2.03]). Depressive symptoms increased the risks of all-cause mortality among patients with hypertension (HR = 1.19 [95% CI, 1.00-1.40]), diabetes (HR = 1.41[95% CI, 1.02-1.95]), and arthritis (HR = 1.29 [95% CI, 1.09-1.51]). Conclusion Depressive symptoms raise all-cause mortality risk, particularly in those aged 55 and above, rural household registration (agricultural Hukou), nonagricultural workers, and middle-aged and older people with hypertension, diabetes, and arthritis. Our findings through the longitudinal data collected in this study offer valuable insights for interventions targeting depression, such as early detection, integrated chronic disease care management, and healthy lifestyles; and community support for depressive symptoms may help to reduce mortality in middle-aged and older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhu
- School of Education and Psychology, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, and Research Centre of Sichuan Minzu Education Development, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yixi Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ningxiu Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Gu ZW, Zhang CP, Chen LP, Huang X. Clinical effects of nonconvulsive electrotherapy combined with mindfulness-based stress reduction and changes of serum inflammatory factors in depression. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:653-660. [PMID: 38808093 PMCID: PMC11129146 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common and serious psychological condition, which seriously affects individual well-being and functional ability. Traditional treatment methods include drug therapy and psychological counseling; however, these methods have different degrees of side effects and limitations. In recent years, nonconvulsive electrotherapy (NET) has attracted increasing attention as a noninvasive treatment method. However, the clinical efficacy and potential mechanism of NET on depression are still unclear. We hypothesized that NET has a positive clinical effect in the treatment of depression, and may have a regulatory effect on serum inflammatory factors during treatment. AIM To assess the effects of NET on depression and analyze changes in serum inflammatory factors. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 140 patients undergoing treatment for depression between May 2017 and June 2022, the observation group that received a combination of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and NET treatment (n = 70) and the control group that only received MBSR therapy (n = 70). The clinical effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by assessing various factors, including the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)-17, self-rating idea of suicide scale (SSIOS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and levels of serum inflammatory factors before and after 8 wk of treatment. The quality of life scores between the two groups were compared. Comparisons were made using t and χ2 tests. RESULTS After 8 wk of treatment, the observation group exhibited a 91.43% overall effectiveness rate which was higher than that of the control group which was 74.29% (64 vs 52, χ2 = 7.241; P < 0.05). The HAMD, SSIOS, and PSQI scores showed a significant decrease in both groups. Moreover, the observation group had lower scores than the control group (10.37 ± 2.04 vs 14.02 ± 2.16, t = 10.280; 1.67 ±0.28 vs 0.87 ± 0.12, t = 21.970; 5.29 ± 1.33 vs 7.94 ± 1.35, t = 11.700; P both < 0.001). Additionally, there was a notable decrease in the IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 in both groups after treatment. Furthermore, the observation group exhibited superior serum inflammatory factors compared to the control group (70.12 ± 10.32 vs 102.24 ± 20.21, t = 11.840; 19.35 ± 2.46 vs 22.27 ± 2.13, t = 7.508; 32.25 ± 4.6 vs 39.42 ± 4.23, t = 9.565; P both < 0.001). Moreover, the observation group exhibited significantly improved quality of life scores compared to the control group (Social function: 19.25 ± 2.76 vs 16.23 ± 2.34; Emotions: 18.54 ± 2.83 vs 12.28 ± 2.16; Environment: 18.49 ± 2.48 vs 16.56 ± 3.44; Physical health: 19.53 ± 2.39 vs 16.62 ± 3.46; P both < 0.001) after treatment. CONCLUSION MBSR combined with NET effectively alleviates depression, lowers inflammation (IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6), reduces suicidal thoughts, enhances sleep, and improves the quality of life of individuals with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Gu
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun-Ping Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou HuiAi Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Ping Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiong Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou HuiAi Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, Guangdong Province, China
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12
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Tsai YT, Hrytsenko Y, Elgart M, Tahir UA, Chen ZZ, Wilson JG, Gerszten RE, Sofer T. A parametric bootstrap approach for computing confidence intervals for genetic correlations with application to genetically determined protein-protein networks. HGG ADVANCES 2024; 5:100304. [PMID: 38720460 PMCID: PMC11140211 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2024.100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic correlation refers to the correlation between genetic determinants of a pair of traits. When using individual-level data, it is typically estimated based on a bivariate model specification where the correlation between the two variables is identifiable and can be estimated from a covariance model that incorporates the genetic relationship between individuals, e.g., using a pre-specified kinship matrix. Inference relying on asymptotic normality of the genetic correlation parameter estimates may be inaccurate when the sample size is low, when the genetic correlation is close to the boundary of the parameter space, and when the heritability of at least one of the traits is low. We address this problem by developing a parametric bootstrap procedure to construct confidence intervals for genetic correlation estimates. The procedure simulates paired traits under a range of heritability and genetic correlation parameters, and it uses the population structure encapsulated by the kinship matrix. Heritabilities and genetic correlations are estimated using the close-form, method of moment, Haseman-Elston regression estimators. The proposed parametric bootstrap procedure is especially useful when genetic correlations are computed on pairs of thousands of traits measured on the same exact set of individuals. We demonstrate the parametric bootstrap approach on a proteomics dataset from the Jackson Heart Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yana Hrytsenko
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Elgart
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Usman A Tahir
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zsu-Zsu Chen
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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13
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Iakunchykova O, Pan M, Amlien IK, Roe JM, Walhovd KB, Fjell AM, Chen CH, Benros ME, Wang Y. Genetic evidence for the causal effects of C-reactive protein on self-reported habitual sleep duration. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 37:100754. [PMID: 38511149 PMCID: PMC10950822 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory responses to acute stimuli are proposed to regulate sleep, but the relationship between chronic inflammation and habitual sleep duration is elusive. Here, we study this relation using genetically predicted level of chronic inflammation, indexed by CRP and IL6 signaling, and self-reported sleep duration. By Mendelian randomization analysis, we show that elevated CRP level within <10 mg/L has a homeostatic effect that facilitates maintaining 7-8 h sleep duration per day - making short-sleepers sleep longer (p = 2.42 × 10-2) and long-sleepers sleep shorter (1.87 × 10-7); but it is not associated with the overall sleep duration (p = 0.17). This homeostatic effect replicated in an independent CRP dataset. We observed causal effects of the soluble interleukin 6 receptor and gp130 on overall sleep duration (p = 1.62 × 10-8, p = 2.61 × 10-58, respectively), but these effects disappeared when CRP effects were accounted for in the model. Using polygenic score analysis, we found that the homeostatic effect of CRP on sleep duration stems primarily from the genetic variants within the CRP gene region: when genetic variants outside of this region were used to predict CRP levels, the opposite direction of effect was observed. In conclusion, we show that elevated CRP level may causally facilitate maintaining an optimal sleep duration that is beneficial to health, thus updating our current knowledge of immune regulation on sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Iakunchykova
- Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mengyu Pan
- Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inge K. Amlien
- Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - James M. Roe
- Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine B. Walhovd
- Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, POB 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M. Fjell
- Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, POB 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chi-Hua Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of California in San Diego, Gilman Drive 9500, 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael E. Benros
- Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
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Giollabhui NM, Slaney C, Hemani G, Foley ÉM, van der Most PJ, Nolte IM, Snieder H, Smith GD, Khandaker G, Hartman CA. Role of Inflammation in Depressive and Anxiety Disorders, Affect, and Cognition: Genetic and Non-Genetic Findings in the Lifelines Cohort Study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.17.24305950. [PMID: 38699368 PMCID: PMC11065023 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.17.24305950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Background Low-grade systemic inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of various neuropsychiatric conditions affecting mood and cognition. While much of the evidence concerns depression, large-scale population studies of anxiety, affect, and cognitive function are scarce. Importantly, causality remains unclear. We used complementary non-genetic, genetic risk score (GRS), and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to examine whether inflammatory markers are associated with affect, depressive and anxiety disorders, and cognitive performance in the Lifelines Cohort; and whether associations are likely to be causal. Methods Using data from up to 55,098 (59% female) individuals from the Dutch Lifelines cohort, we tested the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of C-reactive protein (CRP) with (i) depressive and anxiety disorders; (ii) positive and negative affect scores, and (iii) five cognitive measures assessing attention, psychomotor speed, episodic memory, and executive functioning (figural fluency and working memory). Additionally, we examined the association between inflammatory marker GRSs (CRP, interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-6 receptor [IL-6R and soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R)], glycoprotein acetyls [GlycA]) on these same outcomes (Nmax=57,946), followed by MR analysis examining evidence of causality of CRP on outcomes (Nmax=23,268). In genetic analyses, all GRSs and outcomes were z-transformed. Results In non-genetic analyses, higher CRP was associated with diagnosis of any depressive disorder, lower positive and higher negative affect scores, and worse performance on tests of figural fluency, attention, and psychomotor speed after adjusting for potential confounders, although the magnitude of these associations was small. In genetic analyses, CRPGRS was associated with any anxiety disorder (β=0.002, p=0.037, N=57,047) whereas GlycAGRS was associated with major depressive disorder (β=0.001, p=0.036; N=57,047). Both CRPGRS (β=0.006, p=0.035, N=57,946) and GlycAGRS (β=0.006, p=0.049; N=57,946) were associated with higher negative affect score. Inflammatory marker GRSs were not associated with cognitive performance, except sIL-6RGRS which was associated with poorer memory performance (β=-0.009, p=0.018, N=36,783). Further examination of the CRP-anxiety association using MR provided some weak evidence of causality (β=0.12; p=0.054). Conclusions Genetic and non-genetic analyses provide consistent evidence for an association between CRP and negative affect. Genetic analyses suggest that IL-6 signaling could be relevant for memory, and that the association between CRP and anxiety disorders could be causal. These results suggest that dysregulated immune physiology may impact a broad range of trans-diagnostic affective symptoms. However, given the small effect sizes and multiple tests conducted, future studies are required to investigate whether effects are moderated by sub-groups and whether these findings replicate in other cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoise Mac Giollabhui
- Depression Clinical & Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Chloe Slaney
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, UK; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, UK
| | - Éimear M. Foley
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, UK; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Ilja M. Nolte
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harold Snieder
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Golam Khandaker
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
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Wang H, Lyu N, Huang J, Fu B, Shang L, Yang F, Zhao Q, Wang G. Real-world evidence from a retrospective study on suicide during depression: clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and disease burden. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:300. [PMID: 38641767 PMCID: PMC11031916 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05726-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide stands as both a primary symptom and the direst outcome of major depressive disorder (MDD). The scarcity of effective treatment strategies makes managing MDD patients with suicide especially challenging. Hence, it is crucial to investigate disease characteristics and efficacious therapeutic strategies for these patients, drawing insights from disease databases and real-world data. METHODS In this retrospective study, MDD patients hospitalized between January 2013 and December 2020 were investigated using Electronic Health Records (EHR) data from Beijing Anding Hospital. The study enrolled 4138 MDD patients with suicidal ideation or behavior (MDS) and 3848 without (MDNS). Demographic data, clinical attributes, treatment approaches, disease burden, and re-hospitalization within one year of discharge were extracted and compared. RESULTS Patients in the MDS group were predominantly younger and female, exhibiting a higher prevalence of alcohol consumption, experiencing frequent life stress events, and having an earlier onset age. Re-hospitalizations within six months post-discharge in the MDS group were significantly higher than in the MDNS group (11.36% vs. 8.91%, p < 0.001). Moreover, a more considerable fraction of MDS patients underwent combined electroconvulsive therapy treatment (56.72% vs. 43.71%, p < 0.001). Approximately 38% of patients in both groups were prescribed two or more therapeutic regimes, and over 90% used antidepressants, either alone or combined. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were the predominant choice in both groups. Furthermore, antidepressants were often prescribed with antipsychotics or mood stabilizers. When medication alterations were necessary, the favoured options involved combination with antipsychotics or transitioning to alternative antidepressants. Yet, in the MDS group, following these initial modifications, the addition of mood stabilizers tended to be the more prioritized alternative. CONCLUSIONS MDD patients with suicidal ideation or behaviour displayed distinctive demographic and clinical features. They exhibited intricate treatment patterns, a pronounced burden of illness, and an increased likelihood of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, 100088, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Lyu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, 100088, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, 100088, Beijing, China
| | - Bingbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, 100088, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Shang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, 100088, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, 100088, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, 100088, Beijing, China.
- The Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, China.
| | - Gang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Hutong Road, Xicheng District, 100088, Beijing, China.
- The Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, China.
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Cai J, Li Y, Liu X, Zheng Y, Zhong D, Xue C, Zhang J, Zheng Z, Jin R, Li J. Genetic evidence suggests a genetic association between major depressive disorder and reduced cortical gray matter volume: A Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:738-745. [PMID: 38163566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested an association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and abnormal brain structure. However, it is unclear whether MDD affects cortical gray matter volume, a common indicator of cognitive function. We aimed to determine whether MDD was associated with decreased cortical gray matter volume (GMV) through a Mendelian randomization (MR) study. METHODS We obtained summary genetic data from a study conducted by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, which recruited a total of 480,359 participants (135,458 cases and 344,901 controls). Genetic tools-single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-of MDD were extracted from the study and their effects on gray matter volumes of the cortex and total brain were evaluated in a large cohort from the UK Biobank (n = 8427). The effects of the SNPs were pooled using inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis and further tested in several sensitivity analyses. We tested whether C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and interleukin-6 signaling were the mediators of the effects using a multivariate MR model. RESULTS Thirty-three SNPs were identified and adopted as genetic tools for predicting MDD. IVW analysis showed that MDD was associated with lower overall GMV (beta value -0.106, 95%CI -0.188 to -0.023, p = 0.011) in the frontal pole (left frontal pole, -0.152, 95%CI -0.177 to -0.127, p = 0.013; right frontal pole, -0.133, 95%CI -0.253 to -0.013, p = 0.028). Multivariate and mediation analysis showed that interleukin-6 was an important mediator of GMV reduction. Reverse causality analysis found no evidence that total GMV affected the risk of MDD, but showed that increased left precuneus cortex volume and left posterior cingulate cortex volume were associated with increased risk of MDD. LIMITATIONS Potential pleiotropic effects and overestimation of real-world effects. Key assumptions for MR analysis may not be satisfactorily met. CONCLUSION MDD was associated with a reduced GMV, and interleukin-6 might be a mediator of GMV reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixi Cai
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China (Airport) Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaling Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongling Zhong
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Xue
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Center for Neurological Function Test and Neuromodulation, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Center for Neurological Function Test and Neuromodulation, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Neurobiological Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongjiang Jin
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Sichuan provincial BAYI rehabilitation center (Sichuan provincial rehabilitation hospital), China.
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17
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Jing S, Wang J, Yang S, Wu H. Interleukin-6 signaling pathway in Mendelian randomization: A 10-year bibliometric analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37507. [PMID: 38579070 PMCID: PMC10994451 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 6 (IL-6), a pleiotropic cytokine, is crucial in a variety of inflammatory and immunological disorders. In recent years, mendelian randomization, which is a widely used and successful method of analyzing causality, has recently been investigated for the relationship between the IL-6 pathway and related diseases. However, no studies have been conducted to review the research hotspots and trends in the field of IL-6 signaling pathway in Mendelian randomization. In this study, the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) served as our literature source database to gather articles about the IL-6 signaling pathway in Mendelian randomization from 2013 to 2023. VOSviewer (version 1.6.18), Microsoft Excel 2021, and Scimago Graphica were employed for bibliometric and visualization analysis. A total of 164 documents that were written by 981 authors coming from 407 institutions across 41 countries and published in 107 journals were located from January 2013 to August 2023. With 64 and 25, respectively, England and the University of Bristol had the highest number of publications. Frontiers in Immunology is the most prolific journal, and Golam M Khandaker has published the highest number of significant articles. The most co-cited article was an article entitled the interleukin-6 receptor as a target for prevention of coronary-heart-disease: a Mendelian randomization analysis, written by Daniel I Swerdlow. The most popular keywords were "mendelian randomization," "interleukin-6," "il-6," "c-reactive protein," "association," "coronary-heart-disease," "inflammation," "instruments," "risk," "rheumatoid arthritis," "depression." The full extent of the existing literature over the last 10 years is systematically revealed in this study, which can provide readers with a valuable reference for fully comprehending the research hotspots and trends in the field of IL-6 signaling pathway in Mendelian randomization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoze Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiani Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shuhan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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18
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Wu O, Wu Y, Zhang X, Liu W, Zhang H, Khederzadeh S, Lu X, Zhu XW. Causal effect of interleukin (IL)-6 on blood pressure and hypertension: A mendelian randomization study. Immunogenetics 2024; 76:123-135. [PMID: 38427105 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-024-01332-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
To examine whether circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (CirIL6) have a causal effect on blood pressure using Mendelian randomization (MR) methods. We used data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of European ancestry to obtain genetic instruments for circulating IL-6 levels and blood pressure measurements. We applied several robust MR methods to estimate the causal effects and to test for heterogeneity and pleiotropy. We found that circulating IL-6 had a significant positive causal effect on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but not on diastolic blood pressure (DBP) or hypertension. We found that as CirIL6 genetically increased, SBP increased using Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method (for ukb-b-20175, β = 0.082 with SE = 0.032, P = 0.011; for ukb-a-360, β = 0.075 with SE = 0.031, P = 0.014) and weighted median (WM) method (for ukb-b-20175, β = 0.061 with SE = 0.022, P = 0.006; for ukb-a-360, β = 0.065 with SE = 0.027, P = 0.014). Moreover, CirIL6 may be associated with an increased risk of PAH using WM method (odds ratio (OR) = 15.503, 95% CI, 1.025-234.525, P = 0.048), but not with IVW method. Our study provides novel evidence that circulating IL-6 has a causal role in the development of SBP and PAH, but not DBP or hypertension. These findings suggest that IL-6 may be a potential therapeutic target for preventing or treating cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. However, more studies are needed to confirm the causal effects of IL-6 on blood pressure and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ou Wu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya Wu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- JFIntelligent Healthcare Technology Co., Ltd Building No.5-7, No.699 Tianxiang Avenue, Hi-Tech Zone, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated with Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Saber Khederzadeh
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Lu
- Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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von Mücke-Heim IA, Pape JC, Grandi NC, Erhardt A, Deussing JM, Binder EB. Multiomics and blood-based biomarkers of electroconvulsive therapy in severe and treatment-resistant depression: study protocol of the DetECT study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:673-684. [PMID: 37644215 PMCID: PMC10995021 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01647-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is commonly used to treat treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, our knowledge of the ECT-induced molecular mechanisms causing clinical improvement is limited. To address this issue, we developed the single-center, prospective observational DetECT study ("Multimodal Biomarkers of ECT in TRD"; registered 18/07/2022, www.clinicalTrials.gov , NCT05463562). Its objective is to identify molecular, psychological, socioeconomic, and clinical biomarkers of ECT response in TRD. We aim to recruit n = 134 patients in 3 years. Over the course of 12 biweekly ECT sessions (± 7 weeks), participant blood is collected before and 1 h after the first and seventh ECT and within 1 week after the twelfth session. In pilot subjects (first n = 10), additional blood draws are performed 3 and 6 h after the first ECT session to determine the optimal post-ECT blood draw interval. In blood samples, multiomic analyses are performed focusing on genotyping, epigenetics, RNA sequencing, neuron-derived exosomes, purines, and immunometabolics. To determine clinical response and side effects, participants are asked weekly to complete four standardized self-rating questionnaires on depressive and somatic symptoms. Additionally, clinician ratings are obtained three times (weeks 1, 4, and 7) within structured clinical interviews. Medical and sociodemographic data are extracted from patient records. The multimodal data collected are used to perform the conventional statistics as well as mixed linear modeling to identify clusters that link biobehavioural measures to ECT response. The DetECT study can provide important insight into the complex mechanisms of ECT in TRD and a step toward biologically informed and data-driven-based ECT biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iven-Alex von Mücke-Heim
- Department Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Research Group Molecular Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Anxiety Research, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julius C Pape
- Department Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Anxiety Research, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Norma C Grandi
- Department Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Anxiety Research, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Angelika Erhardt
- Department Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Anxiety Research, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan M Deussing
- Research Group Molecular Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Anxiety Research, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Anxiety Research, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
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20
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Yang Z, Guo L, Sun Y, Huang Y, Li J, Lin Y, Zhang X, Wu D, Luo Y. Investigation of the causal relationship between Interleukin-6 signaling and gastrointestinal tract cancers: A Mendelian randomization study. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:679-686. [PMID: 37612215 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies indicate that interleukin-6(IL-6) has been associated with gastrointestinal tract cancers. However, the causal association is still confusing. Thus, we aimed to putative the causality between IL-6 signaling and gastrointestinal tract cancers. METHODS We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to assess the causal effects. Two groups of IL-6 signaling-related single nucleotide polymorphisms were chosen from two Genome-wide association studies. Summary-level data for gastrointestinal tract cancers including esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancer, were obtained from the FinnGen consortium and UK Biobank study. We also performed survival analysis to explore the prognostic value of IL-6 in gastrointestinal tract cancers. RESULTS Genetically predicted plasma sIL6R level, which inhibits IL-6 Signaling, was associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer in FinnGen. In the combined analysis of the two sources, genetically predicted sIL6R was associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer (OR = 0.943, 95%CI: 0.904,0.983, p = 0.006). Survival analysis results indicated the prognostic value of IL-6 in gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS These results present evidence indicating that genetically-determined reduced IL-6 signaling lowers the risk of gastric cancer, which may provide potential prevention and therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer. Additionally, IL-6 may be a prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Yang
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lingyun Guo
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yandi Sun
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yingfei Huang
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jingjia Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yindan Lin
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xueyun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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Chang KJ, Wu HY, Chiang PH, Hsu YT, Weng PY, Yu TH, Li CY, Chen YH, Dai HJ, Tsai HY, Chang YJ, Wu YR, Yang YP, Li CT, Hsu CC, Chen SJ, Chen YC, Cheng CY, Hsieh AR, Chiou SH. Decoding and reconstructing disease relations between dry eye and depression: a multimodal investigation comprising meta-analysis, genetic pathways and Mendelian randomization. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00115-2. [PMID: 38548265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The clinical presentations of dry eye disease (DED) and depression (DEP) often comanifest. However, the robustness and the mechanisms underlying this association were undetermined. OBJECTIVES To this end, we set up a three-segment study that employed multimodality results (meta-analysis, genome-wide association study [GWAS] and Mendelian randomization [MR]) to elucidate the association, common pathways and causality between DED and DEP. METHODS A meta-analysis comprising 26 case-control studies was first conducted to confirm the DED-DEP association. Next, we performed a linkage disequilibrium (LD)-adjusted GWAS and targeted phenotype association study (PheWAS) in East Asian TW Biobank (TWB) and European UK Biobank (UKB) populations. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were further screened for molecular interactions and common pathways at the functional gene level. To further elucidate the activated pathways in DED and DEP, a systemic transcriptome review was conducted on RNA sequencing samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Finally, 48 MR experiments were implemented to examine the bidirectional causation between DED and DEP. RESULTS Our meta-analysis showed that DED patients are associated with an increased DEP prevalence (OR = 1.83), while DEP patients have a concurrent higher risk of DED (OR = 2.34). Notably, cross-disease GWAS analysis revealed that similar genetic architecture (rG = 0.19) and pleiotropic functional genes contributed to phenotypes in both diseases. Through protein-protein interaction and ontology convergence, we summarized the pleiotropic functional genes under the ontology of immune activation, which was further validated by a transcriptome systemic review. Importantly, the inverse variance-weighted (IVW)-MR experiments in both TWB and UKB populations (p value <0.001) supported the bidirectional exposure-outcome causation for DED-to-DEP and DEP-to-DED. Despite stringent LD-corrected instrumental variable re-selection, the bidirectional causation between DED and DEP remained. CONCLUSION With the multi-modal evidence combined, we consolidated the association and causation between DED and DEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kao-Jung Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hsuan Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, 251301 No.151, Yingzhuan Rd., Tamsui District, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tien Hsu
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115 No.677 Huntington Avenue, MA, USA
| | - Pei-Yu Weng
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Han Yu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Li
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - He-Jhen Dai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ying Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, 251301 No.151, Yingzhuan Rd., Tamsui District, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Chang
- Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, 251301 No.151, Yingzhuan Rd., Tamsui District, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - You-Ren Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science and Brain Research Center, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, 320317 No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Chen
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 168751 No.11 Third Hospital Ave, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin school of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228 No.21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore
| | - Ai-Ru Hsieh
- Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, 251301 No.151, Yingzhuan Rd., Tamsui District, New Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112201 No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112304 No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan.
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22
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Bergstedt J, Pasman JA, Ma Z, Harder A, Yao S, Parker N, Treur JL, Smit DJA, Frei O, Shadrin A, Meijsen JJ, Shen Q, Hägg S, Tornvall P, Buil A, Werge T, Hjerling-Leffler J, Als TD, Børglum AD, Lewis CM, McIntosh AM, Valdimarsdóttir UA, Andreassen OA, Sullivan PF, Lu Y, Fang F. Distinct genomic signatures and modifiable risk factors underly the comorbidity between major depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.09.01.23294931. [PMID: 37693619 PMCID: PMC10491387 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.23294931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are often comorbid, resulting in excess morbidity and mortality. Using genomic data, this study elucidates biological mechanisms, key risk factors, and causal pathways underlying their comorbidity. We show that CVDs share a large proportion of their genetic risk factors with MDD. Multivariate genome-wide association analysis of the shared genetic liability between MDD and atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) revealed seven novel loci and distinct patterns of tissue and brain cell-type enrichments, suggesting a role for the thalamus. Part of the genetic overlap was explained by shared inflammatory, metabolic, and psychosocial/lifestyle risk factors. Finally, we found support for causal effects of genetic liability to MDD on CVD risk, but not from most CVDs to MDD, and demonstrated that the causal effects were partly explained by metabolic and psychosocial/lifestyle factors. The distinct signature of MDD-ASCVD comorbidity aligns with the idea of an immunometabolic sub-type of MDD more strongly associated with CVD than overall MDD. In summary, we identify plausible biological mechanisms underlying MDD-CVD comorbidity, as well as key modifiable risk factors for prevention of CVD in individuals with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Bergstedt
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joëlle A Pasman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ziyan Ma
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arvid Harder
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shuyang Yao
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadine Parker
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorien L Treur
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk J A Smit
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joeri J Meijsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Qing Shen
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Tornvall
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Hjerling-Leffler
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas D Als
- Department of Molecular Medicine (MOMA), Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cathryn M Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Unnur A Valdimarsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fang Fang
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Iakunchykova O, Leonardsen EH, Wang Y. Genetic evidence for causal effects of immune dysfunction in psychiatric disorders: where are we? Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:63. [PMID: 38272880 PMCID: PMC10810856 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02778-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The question of whether immune dysfunction contributes to risk of psychiatric disorders has long been a subject of interest. To assert this hypothesis a plethora of correlative evidence has been accumulated from the past decades; however, a variety of technical and practical obstacles impeded on a cause-effect interpretation of these data. With the advent of large-scale omics technology and advanced statistical models, particularly Mendelian randomization, new studies testing this old hypothesis are accruing. Here we synthesize these new findings from genomics and genetic causal inference studies on the role of immune dysfunction in major psychiatric disorders and reconcile these new data with pre-omics findings. By reconciling these evidences, we aim to identify key gaps and propose directions for future studies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Iakunchykova
- Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Esten H Leonardsen
- Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway.
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24
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Li X, Jiang M, Zhao L, Yang K, Lu T, Zhang D, Li J, Wang L. Relationship between autism and brain cortex surface area: genetic correlation and a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:69. [PMID: 38263034 PMCID: PMC10807092 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05514-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in surface area (SA) in specific regions of the cortex have been reported in many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however, the genetic background between ASD and SA is still unclear. This study estimated the genetic correlation and causal effect of ASD and cortical SA. METHODS Summarized data of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were separately downloaded from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (18,381 cases of ASD, and 27,969 controls) and the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis Consortium (33,992 participants of Europeans). We used Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and Heritability Estimation from Summary Statistics (HESS) to calculate the heritability of each trait. As for the genetic correlation between ASD and SA, LDSC was used for global correlation and HESS was used to examine the local genetic covariance further. We used three Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, Inverse-variance weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median to estimate the causal relationship. RESULTS LDSC observed a nominal significant genetic correlation (rg = 0.1229, P-value = 0.0346) between ASD and SA of the rostral anterior cingulate gyrus whereas analysis through HESS did not reveal any significant loci having genetic covariance. Based on MR results, statistically meaningful estimations were found in the following areas, postcentral cortex (β (SE) = 21.82 (7.84) mm, 95% CI: 6.46 to 37.19 mm, PIVW = 5.38 × 10- 3, PFDR = 3.09 × 10- 2), posterior cingulate gyrus (β (SE) = 6.23 (2.69) mm, 95% CI: 0.96 to 11.49 mm, PIVW = 2.05 × 10- 2, PFDR = 4.26 × 10- 2), supramarginal gyrus (β (SE) = 19.25 (8.43) mm, 95% CI: 29.29 to 35.77 mm, PIVW = 2.24 × 10- 2, PFDR = 4.31 × 10- 2). CONCLUSION Our results provided genetic evidence to support the opinion that individuals with ASD tend to develop differences in cortical SA of special areas. The findings contributed to understanding the genetic relationship between ASD and cortical SA.
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Grants
- 2019B030335001 Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2019B030335001 Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2019B030335001 Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2019B030335001 Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2019B030335001 Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2019B030335001 Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2019B030335001 Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2019B030335001 Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 81971283, 82171537, 82071541, 81671363, and 81730037 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81971283, 82171537, 82071541, 81671363, and 81730037 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81971283, 82171537, 82071541, 81671363, and 81730037 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81971283, 82171537, 82071541, 81671363, and 81730037 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81971283, 82171537, 82071541, 81671363, and 81730037 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81971283, 82171537, 82071541, 81671363, and 81730037 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81971283, 82171537, 82071541, 81671363, and 81730037 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81971283, 82171537, 82071541, 81671363, and 81730037 National Natural Science Foundation of China
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjing Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Liyang Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tianlan Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Dai Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation (IBRR), South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China.
| | - Lifang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China.
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25
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Schnorr I, Siegl A, Luckhardt S, Wenz S, Friedrichsen H, El Jomaa H, Steinmann A, Kilencz T, Arteaga-Henríquez G, Ramos-Sayalero C, Ibanez-Jimenez P, Rosales-Ortiz SK, Bitter I, Fadeuilhe C, Ferrer M, Lavebratt C, Réthelyi JM, Richarte V, Rommelse N, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Arias-Vasquez A, Resch E, Reif A, Matura S, Schiweck C. Inflammatory biotype of ADHD is linked to chronic stress: a data-driven analysis of the inflammatory proteome. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:37. [PMID: 38238292 PMCID: PMC10796401 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and low-grade inflammation has been explored in children but rarely in adults. Inflammation is characteristic of some, but not all, patients with ADHD and might be influenced by ADHD medication but also lifestyle factors including nutrition, smoking, and stress. It is also still unclear if any specific symptoms are related to inflammation. Therefore, we assessed 96 inflammatory proteins in a deeply phenotyped cohort of 126 adult ADHD participants with a stable medication status using OLINK technology. A data-based, unsupervised hierarchical clustering method could identify two distinct biotypes within the 126 ADHD participants based on their inflammatory profile: a higher inflammatory potential (HIP) and a lower inflammatory protein potential (LIP) group. Biological processes that differed strongest between groups were related to the NF-κB pathway, chemokine signaling, IL-17 signaling, metabolic alterations, and chemokine attraction. A comparison of sample characteristics revealed that the HIP group was more likely to have higher levels of chronic stress (p < 0.001), a higher clinical global impression scale score (p = 0.030), and a higher risk for suicide (p = 0.032). Medication status did not influence protein levels significantly (p ≥ 0.074), but psychotropic co-medication (p ≤ 0.009) did. In conclusion, our data suggest the presence of two distinct biotypes in adults with ADHD. Higher levels of inflammatory proteins in ADHD are linked to higher levels of chronic perceived stress in a linear fashion. Further research on inflammation in adults with ADHD should take stress levels into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Schnorr
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anne Siegl
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sonja Luckhardt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Söri Wenz
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hendrik Friedrichsen
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hiba El Jomaa
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Annebirth Steinmann
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tünde Kilencz
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gara Arteaga-Henríquez
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- NCRR-The National Center for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Carolina Ramos-Sayalero
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pol Ibanez-Jimenez
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - István Bitter
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian Fadeuilhe
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marc Ferrer
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - János M Réthelyi
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vanesa Richarte
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda Rommelse
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vasquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eduard Resch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Silke Matura
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Carmen Schiweck
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany.
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26
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Parker N, Cheng W, Hindley GFL, O'Connell KS, Karthikeyan S, Holen B, Shadrin AA, Rahman Z, Karadag N, Bahrami S, Lin A, Steen NE, Ueland T, Aukrust P, Djurovic S, Dale AM, Smeland OB, Frei O, Andreassen OA. Genetic Overlap Between Global Cortical Brain Structure, C-Reactive Protein, and White Blood Cell Counts. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:62-71. [PMID: 37348803 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For many brain disorders, a subset of patients jointly exhibit alterations in cortical brain structure and elevated levels of circulating immune markers. This may be driven in part by shared genetic architecture. Therefore, we investigated the phenotypic and genetic associations linking global cortical surface area and thickness with blood immune markers (i.e., white blood cell counts and plasma C-reactive protein levels). METHODS Linear regression was used to assess phenotypic associations in 30,823 UK Biobank participants. Genome-wide and local genetic correlations were assessed using linkage disequilibrium score regression and local analysis of covariance annotation. The number of shared trait-influencing genetic variants was estimated using MiXeR. Shared genetic architecture was assessed using a conjunctional false discovery rate framework, and mapped genes were included in gene-set enrichment analyses. RESULTS Cortical structure and blood immune markers exhibited predominantly inverse phenotypic associations. There were modest genome-wide genetic correlations, the strongest of which were for C-reactive protein levels (rg_surface_area = -0.13, false discovery rate-corrected p = 4.17 × 10-3; rg_thickness = -0.13, false discovery rate-corrected p = 4.00 × 10-2). Meanwhile, local genetic correlations showed a mosaic of positive and negative associations. White blood cells shared on average 46.24% and 38.64% of trait-influencing genetic variants with surface area and thickness, respectively. Additionally, surface area shared 55 unique loci with the blood immune markers while thickness shared 15. Overall, monocyte count exhibited the largest genetic overlap with cortical brain structure. A series of gene enrichment analyses implicated neuronal-, astrocytic-, and schizophrenia-associated genes. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate shared genetic underpinnings for cortical brain structure and blood immune markers, with implications for neurodevelopment and understanding the etiology of brain-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Parker
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Weiqiu Cheng
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guy F L Hindley
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin S O'Connell
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandeep Karthikeyan
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Børge Holen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexey A Shadrin
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Zillur Rahman
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Naz Karadag
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shahram Bahrami
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aihua Lin
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Centre, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Disease, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders M Dale
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Olav B Smeland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Zhang M, Zeng Q, Zhou S, Zhu G, Xu Y, Gao R, Su W, Wang R. Mendelian randomization study on causal association of IL-6 signaling with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2023; 45:2183963. [PMID: 36871578 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2183963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent Mendelian randomization (MR) did not support an effect of the lead interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6 R) variant on risk of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Thus, we used two sets of genetic instrumental variants (IVs) and publicly available PAH genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to reassess the genetic causal link between IL-6 signaling and PAH. METHODS Six independent IL-6 signaling and 34 independent soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6 R) genetic IVs from recent MR reports and PAH GWAS including 162,962 European individuals were used to perform this two-sample MR study. RESULTS We found that as IL-6 signaling genetically increased, the risk of PAH reduced using IVW (odds ratio [OR] = 0.023, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0013-0.393; p = .0093) and weighted median (OR = 0.033, 95% CI: 0.0024-0.467; p = .0116). Otherwise, as sIL-6 R genetically increased, the risk of PAH increased using IVW (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.16-1.56; p = .0001), weighted median (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.10-1.68; p = .005), MR-Egger (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.05-1.94; p = .03), and weighted mode (OR = 1.35, 95% CI for OR: 1.12-1.63; p = .0035). CONCLUSION Our analysis suggested the causal link between genetically increased sIL-6 R and increased risk of PAH and between genetically increased IL-6 signaling and reduced risk of PAH. Thus, higher sIL-6 R levels may be a risk factor for patients with PAH, whereas higher IL-6 signaling may be a protective factor for patients with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Shan Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Gaizhi Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yaqi Xu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Ran Gao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Wenting Su
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Renxi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
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28
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Cavanagh JT. Anti-inflammatory Drugs in the Treatment of Depression. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 38112963 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2023_459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The last two decades have seen a flourishing of research into the immunobiology of psychiatric phenotypes, in particular major depressive disorder. Both preclinical and clinical data have highlighted pathways and possible mechanisms that might link changes in immunobiology, most especially inflammation, to clinically relevant behaviour. From a therapeutics perspective, a major impetus has been the action of Biologics, often monoclonal antibodies, that target specific cytokines acting as "molecular scalpels" helping to uncover the actions of those proteins. These interventions have been associated with improvements in mood and related symptoms. There are now enough studies and participants to permit meta-analytic analyses of the actions of these and other anti-inflammatory agents.In this chapter, the focus is on the evidence for the role of inflammation biology in depression and the meta-analytic data from trials. The putative mechanisms that might underpin the antidepressant effect of anti-inflammatory drugs are also explored. Lastly, I describe the more stubborn difficulties around heterogeneity, deep phenotyping and stratification as well as improved animal models and greater understanding of the biology that might be addressed by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Cavanagh
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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29
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Bi Y, Zhu Y, Tang S. Therapeutic Potential of Downregulated Interleukin-6 Signaling for the Treatment of Chronic Pain: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Pain Res 2023; 16:4317-4328. [PMID: 38145035 PMCID: PMC10743722 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s424086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction While numerous studies have emphasized the pivotal involvement of the Interleukin 6 (IL-6) pathway in the development of chronic pain, the causal nature of this relationship remains uncertain. Methods In this study, we opted to include genetic variants situated within the locus of the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) that exhibited associations with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. CRP serves as a downstream effector in the IL-6 pathway. Utilizing these variants as genetic proxies, we aimed to modulate IL-6 signaling. Employing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, we investigated the potential link between the genetic proxy and seven distinct subtypes of chronic pain, categorized based on their corresponding body locations. Moreover, we examined the relationship between chronic pain and an alternative instrument of IL-6 signaling that was weighted based on s-IL-6R levels. Furthermore, we conducted exploratory analyses to estimate the plausible causal association between CRP, gp130, and the subtypes of chronic pain. Results Our analysis showed that genetic proxied downregulation of IL-6 signaling, weighted on CRP levels, was linked to a reduced risk of chronic back and knee pain. The sensitivity analyses across various MR methods confirmed the consistency of the findings and showed no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Moreover, the results remained robust with different sets of instrument variables. A genetically increased level of s-IL-6R was also negatively associated with chronic back and knee pain. However, there was no causal relationship between CRP and gp130 with chronic pain. Conclusion Based on our findings, there is evidence to suggest a potential causal relationship between IL-6 signaling and chronic back and knee pain. Consequently, the downregulation of IL-6 signaling holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for addressing chronic back and knee pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodan Bi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingchao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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30
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Penner-Goeke S, Bothe M, Rek N, Kreitmaier P, Pöhlchen D, Kühnel A, Glaser LV, Kaya E, Krontira AC, Röh S, Czamara D, Ködel M, Monteserin-Garcia J, Diener L, Wölfel B, Sauer S, Rummel C, Riesenberg S, Arloth-Knauer J, Ziller M, Labeur M, Meijsing S, Binder EB. High-throughput screening of glucocorticoid-induced enhancer activity reveals mechanisms of stress-related psychiatric disorders. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305773120. [PMID: 38011552 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305773120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to stressful life events increases the risk for psychiatric disorders. Mechanistic insight into the genetic factors moderating the impact of stress can increase our understanding of disease processes. Here, we test 3,662 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from preselected expression quantitative trait loci in massively parallel reporter assays to identify genetic variants that modulate the activity of regulatory elements sensitive to glucocorticoids, important mediators of the stress response. Of the tested SNP sequences, 547 were located in glucocorticoid-responsive regulatory elements of which 233 showed allele-dependent activity. Transcripts regulated by these functional variants were enriched for those differentially expressed in psychiatric disorders in the postmortem brain. Phenome-wide Mendelian randomization analysis in 4,439 phenotypes revealed potentially causal associations specifically in neurobehavioral traits, including major depression and other psychiatric disorders. Finally, a functional gene score derived from these variants was significantly associated with differences in the physiological stress response, suggesting that these variants may alter disease risk by moderating the individual set point of the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Penner-Goeke
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Planegg 82152, Germany
| | - Melissa Bothe
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Genetics, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Nils Rek
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Peter Kreitmaier
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Dorothee Pöhlchen
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Anne Kühnel
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Laura V Glaser
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Genetics, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Ezgi Kaya
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Planegg 82152, Germany
| | - Anthi C Krontira
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Simone Röh
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Maik Ködel
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Jose Monteserin-Garcia
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Laura Diener
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Barbara Wölfel
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Susann Sauer
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Christine Rummel
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Stephan Riesenberg
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Janine Arloth-Knauer
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Michael Ziller
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster 48149, Germany
| | - Marta Labeur
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Sebastiaan Meijsing
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Genetics, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
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Bekkevold OJ, Damås JK, Brumpton BM, Åsvold BO. The causal role of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 on anxiety and depression symptoms and life satisfaction: Mendelian randomisation analyses in the HUNT study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7561-7568. [PMID: 37217205 PMCID: PMC10755231 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been associated with anxiety and depression in cross-sectional and Mendelian randomisation studies, but results regarding the effect size and direction have been mixed. A recent Mendelian Randomisation (MR) study suggested that CRP may decrease and IL-6 may increase anxiety and depression symptoms. METHODS Among 68 769 participants of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), we performed cross-sectional observational and one-sample MR analyses of serum CRP and two-sample MR analysis of serum IL-6. The main outcomes were symptoms of anxiety and depression assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and life satisfaction assessed using a seven-level ordinal questionnaire where higher scores indicate lower life satisfaction. RESULTS In cross-sectional observational analyses, a doubling in serum CRP level was associated with 0.27% (95% CI -0.20 to 0.75) difference in HADS depression score (HADS-D), -0.77% (95% CI -1.24 to -0.29) difference in HADS anxiety score (HADS-A) and -0.10% (95% CI -0.41 to 0.21) difference in life satisfaction score. In one-sample MR analyses, a doubling in serum CRP was associated with 2.43% (95% CI -0.11 to 5.03) higher HADS-D, 1.94% (95% CI -0.58 to 4.52) higher HADS-A, and 2.00% (95% CI 0.45 to 3.59) higher life satisfaction score. For IL-6, causal point estimates were in the opposite direction, but imprecise and far from conventional criteria for statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support a major causal role of serum CRP on anxiety and depression symptoms and life satisfaction, but provides weak evidence that serum CRP may modestly increase anxiety and depression symptoms and reduce life satisfaction. Our findings do not support the recent suggestion that serum CRP may lower anxiety and depression symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole-Jørgen Bekkevold
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Kristian Damås
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ben Michael Brumpton
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn Olav Åsvold
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Xu H, Yang Z, Liu D, Yu C, Zhao Y, Yang J, Su Y, Jiang Y, Lu Q. Mediating effect of physical sub-health in the association of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption with depressive symptoms in Chinese college students: A structural equation model. J Affect Disord 2023; 342:157-165. [PMID: 37730148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although previous findings with small samples indicated that sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption was associated with depressive symptoms in adolescents, the mediating effect of physical sub-health in the association is unknown. METHODS A survey was conducted among freshmen from 11 provinces in China. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary behavior, and patient health questionnaire-9 items was used to assess depressive symptoms. A generalized linear model was used to analyze the association between SSB consumption, physical sub-health and depressive symptoms. The structural equation model was used to analyze the mediating effect of physical sub-health. RESULTS Of the 31,856 participants, 36.5 % had positive depressive symptoms. After adjusting for variables, carbonate beverages (β = 0.11; 95%CI: 0.07-0.15; P = 0.000) and milk tea (β = 0.07; 95%CI: 0.01-0.13; P = 0.021) consumption was associated with depressive symptoms in boys. Carbonate beverages (β = 0.09; 95%CI: 0.05-0.13; P = 0.000), tea beverages (β = 0.09; 95%CI: 0.04-0.13; P = 0.000), and milk tea (β = 0.08; 95%CI: 0.04-0.11; P = 0.000) consumption was associated with depressive symptoms in girls. The mediating effect of physical sub-health accounted for 81.3 % of the total effect in the mediating model of SSB associated with depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS Retrospective survey has certain information bias. Association observed in the cross-sectional study is uncertain. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that the consumption of SSB associated with depressive symptoms in Chinese college students, and physical sub-health plays a complete mediating role in the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglv Xu
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China; Community Nursing Research Team of Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China.
| | - Zhaoyu Yang
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China; Campus hospital, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China
| | - Dehui Liu
- Campus hospital, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China
| | - Chunjie Yu
- Department of pharmacy, the first people's hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650100, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of infection control, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming 650051, China
| | - Jiaxing Yang
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China; Community Nursing Research Team of Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China
| | - Yingzhen Su
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China; Community Nursing Research Team of Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China
| | - Yinghong Jiang
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China; Community Nursing Research Team of Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China
| | - Qiuan Lu
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China; Community Nursing Research Team of Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan 650214, China
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Ma WR, Zhang LL, Ma JY, Yu F, Hou YQ, Feng XR, Yang L. Mendelian randomization studies of depression: evidence, opportunities, and challenges. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2023; 22:47. [PMID: 37996851 PMCID: PMC10666459 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) poses a significant social and economic burden worldwide. Identifying exposures, risk factors, and biological mechanisms that are causally connected to MDD can help build a scientific basis for disease prevention and development of novel therapeutic approaches. METHODS In this systematic review, we assessed the evidence for causal relationships between putative causal risk factors and MDD from Mendelian randomization (MR) studies, following PRISMA. We assessed methodological quality based on key elements of the MR design: use of a full instrumental variable analysis and validation of the three key MR assumptions. RESULTS We included methodological details and results from 52 articles. A causal link between lifestyle, metabolic, inflammatory biomarkers, particular pathological states and MDD is supported by MR investigations, although results for each category varied substantially. CONCLUSIONS While this review shows how MR can offer useful information for examining prospective treatment targets and better understanding the pathophysiology of MDD, some methodological flaws in the existing literature limit reliability of results and probably underlie their heterogeneity. We highlight perspectives and recommendations for future works on MR in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Ran Ma
- Xian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Lei-Lei Zhang
- Xian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Jing-Ying Ma
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Ya-Qing Hou
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Xiang-Rui Feng
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Xian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 710021, China.
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Haupt T, Elfving B, Eugen-Olsen J, Mors O, Köhler-Forsberg O. SuPAR in major depression: Association with 26 weeks antidepressant response and 10-year depression outcomes. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 33:100685. [PMID: 37731957 PMCID: PMC10507069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation has been associated with depression and differential antidepressant (AD) treatment response. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a novel measure of chronic inflammation. We investigated whether suPAR is associated with depression severity and AD response. Methods We included 90 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who participated in a part-randomized clinical trial of 26 weeks of treatment with escitalopram or nortriptyline. suPAR levels were measured in serum samples collected at baseline and after 8, 12 and 26 weeks. Mixed effects models for the association between suPAR levels and AD response were performed. By merging with Danish nationwide registers, we included information on psychiatric hospital contacts during ten years after the GENDEP trial. Cox regression analyses calculated the hazard rate ratios between suPAR levels and subsequent hospitalizations. Results At baseline, higher suPAR levels were not associated with overall depression severity but with greater severity of neurovegetative depressive symptoms, specifically appetite and weight changes. 57 (63.3%) patients responded positively to treatment. Among 57 (63.3%) patients who achieved response, those who responded had significantly higher baseline suPAR levels levels, and response was associated with a significant decrease in suPAR during AD treatment. Remitters decreased from 3.1 ng/ml at baseline to 2.8 ng/ml after 26 weeks (p = 0.003) and responders from 3.0 to 2.8 ng/ml (p = 0.02), whereas non-remitters and non-responders showed unchanged suPAR levels. We found no correlation between a change in suPAR and a change in MADRS, but a lowering of suPAR correlated with a decrease in neurovegetative symptoms. We found no association between suPAR levels and 10-year risk for hospitalizations. Discussion The present study suggests that an elevated level of chronic inflammation, measured as the suPAR level, is associated with better response to AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T.H. Haupt
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Psychiatric Center Ballerup, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - B. Elfving
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - J. Eugen-Olsen
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - O. Mors
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - O. Köhler-Forsberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
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Sun D, Tu L, Wang X, Du Q, Wang R, Shi Z, Chen H, Zhou H. Association between COVID-19 and myasthenia gravis (MG): A genetic correlation and Mendelian randomization study. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3239. [PMID: 37638499 PMCID: PMC10636397 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have suggested an association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and myasthenia gravis (MG). Here, we aimed to estimate the genetic correlation and causal relationship between COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, severity, and MG phenotypes using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS Summary statistics of COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, and severity were used as instrumental variables for exposure traits. Large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for MG were used as outcome traits. The inverse variance weighted approach was used for the main MR analysis, complemented by MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods. Sensitivity analysis was implemented using Cochran's Q test, MR-PRESSO method, and MR-Egger intercept test. RESULTS LDSC analysis did not reveal any genetic correlation among COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, severity, and MG phenotypes, including MG, early-onset MG, and late-onset MG (p > .05). Our MR analysis did not provide evidence supporting a causal effect of COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, or severity on MG phenotypes (p > .05). Extensive sensitivity analysis strengthened the robustness and consistency of the MR estimates. CONCLUSION Our study did not find evidence of a genetic correlation or causal relationship among COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, severity, and MG. Future studies with more GWAS data are needed to evaluate the association between COVID-19 phenotypes and MG and its subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongren Sun
- Department of NeurologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Liangdan Tu
- Department of NeurologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of NeurologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Qin Du
- Department of NeurologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of NeurologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ziyan Shi
- Department of NeurologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hongxi Chen
- Department of NeurologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of NeurologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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González Ibáñez F, Halvorson T, Sharma K, McKee CG, Carrier M, Picard K, Vernoux N, Bisht K, Deslauriers J, Lalowski M, Tremblay MÈ. Ketogenic diet changes microglial morphology and the hippocampal lipidomic profile differently in stress susceptible versus resistant male mice upon repeated social defeat. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:383-406. [PMID: 37689276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress confers an increased risk for several diseases including psychiatric conditions. The susceptibility to psychological stress is modulated by various factors, many of them being modifiable lifestyle choices. The ketogenic diet (KD) has emerged as a dietary regime that offers positive outcomes on mood and health status. Psychological stress and elevated inflammation are common features of neuropsychiatric disorders such as certain types of major depressive disorder. KD has been attributed anti-inflammatory properties that could underlie its beneficial consequences on the brain and behavior. Microglia are the main drivers of inflammation in the central nervous system. They are known to respond to both dietary changes and psychological stress, notably by modifying their production of cytokines and relationships among the brain parenchyma. To assess the interactions between KD and the stress response, including effects on microglia, we examined adult male mice on control diet (CD) versus KD that underwent 10 days of repeated social defeat (RSD) or remained non-stressed (controls; CTRLs). Through a social interaction test, stressed mice were classified as susceptible (SUS) or resistant (RES) to RSD. The mouse population fed a KD tended to have a higher proportion of individuals classified as RES following RSD. Microglial morphology and ultrastructure were then analyzed in the ventral hippocampus CA1, a brain region known to present structural alterations as a response to psychological stress. Distinct changes in microglial soma and arborization linked to the KD, SUS and RES phenotypes were revealed. Ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy showed a clear reduction of cellular stress markers in microglia from KD fed animals. Furthermore, ultrastructural analysis showed that microglial contacts with synaptic elements were reduced in the SUS compared to the RES and CTRL groups. Hippocampal lipidomic analyses lastly identified a distinct lipid profile in SUS animals compared to CTRLs. These key differences, combined with the distinct microglial responses to diet and stress, indicate that unique metabolic changes may underlie the stress susceptibility phenotypes. Altogether, our results reveal novel mechanisms by which a KD might improve the resistance to psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando González Ibáñez
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Torin Halvorson
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kaushik Sharma
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Chloe Grace McKee
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Micaël Carrier
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katherine Picard
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nathalie Vernoux
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kanchan Bisht
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | | | - Maciej Lalowski
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland; Biochemistry/Developmental Biology and HiLIFE, Meilahti Clinical Proteomics Core Facility, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
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37
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Mason NL, Szabo A, Kuypers KPC, Mallaroni PA, de la Torre Fornell R, Reckweg JT, Tse DHY, Hutten NRPW, Feilding A, Ramaekers JG. Psilocybin induces acute and persisting alterations in immune status in healthy volunteers: An experimental, placebo-controlled study. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:299-310. [PMID: 37689275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients characterized by stress-related disorders such as depression display elevated circulating concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a hyperactive HPA axis. Psychedelics are demonstrating promising results in treatment of such disorders, however the mechanisms of their therapeutic effects are still unknown. To date the evidence of acute and persisting effects of psychedelics on immune functioning, HPA axis activity in response to stress, and associated psychological outcomes is preliminary. To address this, we conducted a placebo-controlled, parallel group design comprising of 60 healthy participants who received either placebo (n = 30) or 0.17 mg/kg psilocybin (n = 30). Blood samples were taken to assess acute and persisting (7 day) changes in immune status. Seven days' post-administration, participants in each treatment group were further subdivided: 15 underwent a stress induction protocol, and 15 underwent a control protocol. Ultra-high field (7-Tesla) magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to assess whether acute changes in glutamate or glial activity were associated with changes in immune functioning. Finally, questionnaires assessed persisting self-report changes in mood and social behavior. Psilocybin immediately reduced concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), while other inflammatory markers (interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP)) remained unchanged. Seven days later, TNF-α concentrations returned to baseline, while IL-6 and CRP concentrations were persistently reduced in the psilocybin group. Changes in the immune profile were related to acute neurometabolic activity as acute reductions in TNF-α were linked to lower concentrations of glutamate in the hippocampus. Additionally, the more of a reduction in IL-6 and CRP seven days after psilocybin, the more persisting positive mood and social effects participants reported. Regarding the stress response, after a psychosocial stressor, psilocybin did not significantly alter the stress response. Results are discussed in regards to the psychological and therapeutic effects of psilocybin demonstrated in ongoing patient trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Mason
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - A Szabo
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - K P C Kuypers
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - P A Mallaroni
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R de la Torre Fornell
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group. Neurosciences Program. Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute. Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J T Reckweg
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - D H Y Tse
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - N R P W Hutten
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Feilding
- The Beckley Foundation, Beckley Park, Oxford, OX3 9SY, United Kingdom
| | - J G Ramaekers
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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38
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Lavigne JE, Hur K, Gibbons JB, Pigeon WR. Associations between insomnia medications and risk of death by suicide. Sleep Med 2023; 111:199-206. [PMID: 37801864 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Insomnia is a modifiable risk factor for suicide often treated with medications. However, little is known about the associations between insomnia medications and risk of death by suicide. The purpose of this study is to model the comparative risk of suicide by each insomnia medication compared to zolpidem, a sedative-hypnotic approved for insomnia. METHODS First prescription fills of medications commonly used to treat insomnia were identified in electronic medical records. Date and cause of death were identified in death certificates. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze time from insomnia prescription to suicide. RESULTS More than 2 million patients filled a new insomnia prescription between 2005 and 2015, and 518 of them died by suicide within 12 months. Compared to zolpidem, the tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, doxepin) were associated with a 64% lower risk of suicide (HR 0.36 (95% CI 0.22-0.66) and the sedating antihistamines (hydroxyzine, diphenhydramine) a 40% lower risk of suicide (HR 0.60 (0.41-0.89)). In contrast, the tetracyclic antidepressant (mirtazapine) was associated with a 62% higher risk of suicide (HR 1.62 (95% CI 1.10-2.38) compared to zolpidem. CONCLUSION Insomnia is a modifiable risk factor for suicide, yet many medications used to treat insomnia have never been tested for the indication in clinical trials. To define efficacy in the prevention of suicide, trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill E Lavigne
- Wegmans School of Pharmacy, St John Fisher University, 3690 East Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14618, USA; Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention, Department of Veterans Affairs, Canandaigua, NY, USA.
| | - Kwan Hur
- Center for Health Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason B Gibbons
- Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention, Department of Veterans Affairs, Canandaigua, NY, USA; Department of Health Systems, Management and Policy, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, CO, USA
| | - Wilfred R Pigeon
- Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention, Department of Veterans Affairs, Canandaigua, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Tsai YT, Hrytsenko Y, Elgart M, Tahir U, Chen ZZ, Wilson JG, Gerszten R, Sofer T. A parametric bootstrap approach for computing confidence intervals for genetic correlations with application to genetically-determined protein-protein networks. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.10.24.23297474. [PMID: 37961678 PMCID: PMC10635196 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.24.23297474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Genetic correlation refers to the correlation between genetic determinants of a pair of traits. When using individual-level data, it is typically estimated based on a bivariate model specification where the correlation between the two variables is identifiable and can be estimated from a covariance model that incorporates the genetic relationship between individuals, e.g., using a pre-specified kinship matrix. Inference relying on asymptotic normality of the genetic correlation parameter estimates may be inaccurate when the sample size is low, when the genetic correlation is close to the boundary of the parameter space, and when the heritability of at least one of the traits is low. We address this problem by developing a parametric bootstrap procedure to construct confidence intervals for genetic correlation estimates. The procedure simulates paired traits under a range of heritability and genetic correlation parameters, and it uses the population structure encapsulated by the kinship matrix. Heritabilities and genetic correlations are estimated using the close-form, method of moment, Haseman-Elston regression estimators. The proposed parametric bootstrap procedure is especially useful when genetic correlations are computed on pairs of thousands of traits measured on the same exact set of individuals. We demonstrate the parametric bootstrap approach on a proteomics dataset from the Jackson Heart Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Yana Hrytsenko
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Michael Elgart
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Usman Tahir
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Zsu-Zsu Chen
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Robert Gerszten
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
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40
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Kühnel A, Hagenberg J, Knauer-Arloth J, Ködel M, Czisch M, Sämann PG, Binder EB, Kroemer NB. Stress-induced brain responses are associated with BMI in women. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1031. [PMID: 37821711 PMCID: PMC10567923 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are associated with altered stress reactivity and increased inflammation. However, it is not known whether stress-induced changes in brain function scale with BMI and if such associations are driven by peripheral cytokines. Here, we investigate multimodal stress responses in a large transdiagnostic sample using predictive modeling based on spatio-temporal profiles of stress-induced changes in activation and functional connectivity. BMI is associated with increased brain responses as well as greater negative affect after stress and individual response profiles are associated with BMI in females (pperm < 0.001), but not males. Although stress-induced changes reflecting BMI are associated with baseline cortisol, there is no robust association with peripheral cytokines. To conclude, alterations in body weight and energy metabolism might scale acute brain responses to stress more strongly in females compared to males, echoing observational studies. Our findings highlight sex-dependent associations of stress with differences in endocrine markers, largely independent of peripheral inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kühnel
- Section of Medical Psychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany.
| | - Jonas Hagenberg
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Janine Knauer-Arloth
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maik Ködel
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Mental Health, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Nils B Kroemer
- Section of Medical Psychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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41
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Ballesio A. Where does inflammation in insomnia come from? and does it matter for comorbidity? Sleep 2023; 46:zsad223. [PMID: 37625028 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ballesio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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42
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Neupane SP, Daray FM, Ballard ED, Galfalvy H, Itzhaky L, Segev A, Shelef A, Tene O, Rizk MM, Mann JJ, Zalsman G. Immune-related biomarkers and suicidal behaviors: A meta-analysis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 75:15-30. [PMID: 37356288 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers that can differentiate between psychiatric disorders with and without suicidal behavior history from each other and from healthy volunteers may explain part of the pathogenesis of suicidal behavior. We conducted the hitherto largest meta-analysis comparing immune biomarkers between subjects with and without suicide attempt history or death by suicide. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020212841. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were pooled with random-effects models. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed with the I2-statistic and publication bias was evaluated by the Egger test and funnel plots. Data were based on 36 studies including 2679 persons with suicidal behaviors and 6839 comparison subjects, and four immune-related biomarkers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β). Suicidal behavior was associated with higher CRP blood levels compared with: healthy controls (SMD [95%CI] = 1.42[0.85-1.98]); patients with depression alone (SMD [95%CI] = 1.23[0.20-2.26]); and patients with any psychiatric disorders (SMD [95%CI] = 0.39[0.22-0.55]). IL-6 blood level was higher in patients with suicidal behaviors compared with healthy controls (SMD [95%CI] = 1.13[0.45-1.82]) and when compared with psychiatric patients without suicidal behaviors (SMD [95%CI] = 0.22 [0.11-0.33]). Meta-regression and subgroup analyses revealed that increased CRP in suicidal behavior is primarily driven by recent suicidal behavior. These results implicate the immune system and inflammatory response in suicidal behavior independent of a relationship to major psychiatric disorders, and that these biological measures are predominantly state-dependent markers. Future studies are needed to determine the cause-and-effect relationship of these immune system biomarkers with suicidal behavior, and their potential predictive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudan Prasad Neupane
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 21, Building 12, 2nd floor. N-0372 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Federico M Daray
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, Piso9, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth D Ballard
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood Disorders, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hanga Galfalvy
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Liat Itzhaky
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America; Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aviv Segev
- Shalvata Mental Health Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Assaf Shelef
- Lev-Hasharon Mental Health Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Oren Tene
- Psychiatric Division, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mina M Rizk
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America; Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - J John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, 10032, NY, United States of America; Division of Molecular Imaging & Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 42, New York, 10032, NY, United States of America; Department of Radiology, Columbia University, 622 West 168th St, New York, 10032, NY, United States of America
| | - Gil Zalsman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University NY, NY, United States of America
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Karageorgiou V, Casanova F, O'Loughlin J, Green H, McKinley TJ, Bowden J, Tyrrell J. Body mass index and inflammation in depression and treatment-resistant depression: a Mendelian randomisation study. BMC Med 2023; 21:355. [PMID: 37710313 PMCID: PMC10502981 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) has a significant impact on global burden of disease. Complications in clinical management can occur when response to pharmacological modalities is considered inadequate and symptoms persist (treatment-resistant depression (TRD)). We aim to investigate inflammation, proxied by C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and body mass index (BMI) as putative causal risk factors for depression and subsequent treatment resistance, leveraging genetic information to avoid confounding via Mendelian randomisation (MR). METHODS We used the European UK Biobank subcohort ([Formula: see text]), the mental health questionnaire (MHQ) and clinical records. For treatment resistance, a previously curated phenotype based on general practitioner (GP) records and prescription data was employed. We applied univariable and multivariable MR models to genetically predict the exposures and assess their causal contribution to a range of depression outcomes. We used a range of univariable, multivariable and mediation MR models techniques to address our research question with maximum rigour. In addition, we developed a novel statistical procedure to apply pleiotropy-robust multivariable MR to one sample data and employed a Bayesian bootstrap procedure to accurately quantify estimate uncertainty in mediation analysis which outperforms standard approaches in sparse binary outcomes. Given the flexibility of the one-sample design, we evaluated age and sex as moderators of the effects. RESULTS In univariable MR models, genetically predicted BMI was positively associated with depression outcomes, including MDD ([Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] CI): 0.133(0.072, 0.205)) and TRD (0.347(0.002, 0.682)), with a larger magnitude in females and with age acting as a moderator of the effect of BMI on severity of depression (0.22(0.050, 0.389)). Multivariable MR analyses suggested an independent causal effect of BMI on TRD not through CRP (0.395(0.004, 0.732)). Our mediation analyses suggested that the effect of CRP on severity of depression was partly mediated by BMI. Individuals with TRD ([Formula: see text]) observationally had higher CRP and BMI compared with individuals with MDD alone and healthy controls. DISCUSSION Our work supports the assertion that BMI exerts a causal effect on a range of clinical and questionnaire-based depression phenotypes, with the effect being stronger in females and in younger individuals. We show that this effect is independent of inflammation proxied by CRP levels as the effects of CRP do not persist when jointly estimated with BMI. This is consistent with previous evidence suggesting that overweight contributed to depression even in the absence of any metabolic consequences. It appears that BMI exerts an effect on TRD that persists when we account for BMI influencing MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Harry Green
- College of Medicine & Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Jack Bowden
- College of Medicine & Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Genetics Department, Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jessica Tyrrell
- College of Medicine & Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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44
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González Ibáñez F, Halvorson T, Sharma K, McKee C, Carrier M, Picard K, Vernoux N, Bisht K, Deslauriers J, Lalowski M, Tremblay MÈ. Ketogenic diet alters microglial morphology and changes the hippocampal lipidomic profile distinctively in stress susceptible versus resistant male mice upon repeated social defeat. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.28.555135. [PMID: 37693370 PMCID: PMC10491121 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.28.555135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Psychological stress confers an increased risk for several diseases including psychiatric conditions. The susceptibility to psychological stress is modulated by various factors, many of them being modifiable lifestyle choices. The ketogenic diet (KD) has emerged as a dietary regime that offers positive outcomes on mood and health status. Psychological stress and elevated inflammation are common features of neuropsychiatric disorders such as certain types of major depressive disorder. KD has been attributed anti-inflammatory properties that could underlie its beneficial consequences on the brain and behavior. Microglia are the main drivers of inflammation in the central nervous system. They are known to respond to both dietary changes and psychological stress, notably by modifying their production of cytokines and relationships among the brain parenchyma. To assess the interactions between KD and the stress response, including effects on microglia, we examined adult male mice on control diet (CD) versus KD that underwent 10 days of repeated social defeat (RSD) or remained non-stressed (controls; CTRLs). Through a social interaction test, stressed mice were classified as susceptible (SUS) or resistant (RES) to RSD. The mouse population fed a KD tended to have a higher proportion of individuals classified as RES following RSD. Microglial morphology and ultrastructure were then analyzed in the ventral hippocampus CA1, a brain region known to present structural alterations as a response to psychological stress. Distinct changes in microglial soma and arborization linked to the KD, SUS and RES phenotypes were revealed. Ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy showed a clear reduction of cellular stress markers in microglia from KD fed animals. Furthermore, ultrastructural analysis showed that microglial contacts with synaptic elements were reduced in the SUS compared to the RES and CTRL groups. Hippocampal lipidomic analyses lastly identified a distinct lipid profile in SUS animals compared to CTRLs. These key differences, combined with the distinct microglial responses to diet and stress, indicate that unique metabolic changes may underlie the stress susceptibility phenotypes. Altogether, our results reveal novel mechanisms by which a KD might improve the resistance to psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando González Ibáñez
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Torin Halvorson
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kaushik Sharma
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Chloe McKee
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Micaël Carrier
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Katherine Picard
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Vernoux
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Kanchan Bisht
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | | | - Maciej Lalowski
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
- Biochemistry/Developmental Biology, Meilahti Clinical Proteomics Core Facility, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, BC, Canada
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Henderson AD, Adesanya E, Mulick A, Matthewman J, Vu N, Davies F, Smith CH, Hayes J, Mansfield KE, Langan SM. Common mental health disorders in adults with inflammatory skin conditions: nationwide population-based matched cohort studies in the UK. BMC Med 2023; 21:285. [PMID: 37542272 PMCID: PMC10403838 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02948-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis and atopic eczema are common inflammatory skin diseases. Existing research has identified increased risks of common mental disorders (anxiety, depression) in people with eczema and psoriasis; however, explanations for the associations remain unclear. We aimed to establish the risk factors for mental illness in those with eczema or psoriasis and identify the population groups most at risk. METHODS We used routinely collected data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD. Adults registered with a general practice in CPRD (1997-2019) were eligible for inclusion. Individuals with eczema/psoriasis were matched (age, sex, practice) to up to five adults without eczema/psoriasis. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hazards of anxiety or depression in people with eczema/psoriasis compared to people without. We adjusted for known confounders (deprivation, asthma [eczema], psoriatic arthritis [psoriasis], Charlson comorbidity index, calendar period) and potential mediators (harmful alcohol use, body mass index [BMI], smoking status, and, in eczema only, sleep quality [insomnia diagnoses, specific sleep problem medications] and high-dose oral glucocorticoids). RESULTS We identified two cohorts with and without eczema (1,032,782, matched to 4,990,125 without), and with and without psoriasis (366,884, matched to 1,834,330 without). Sleep quality was imbalanced in the eczema cohorts, twice as many people with eczema had evidence of poor sleep at baseline than those without eczema, including over 20% of those with severe eczema. After adjusting for potential confounders and mediators, eczema and psoriasis were associated with anxiety (adjusted HR [95% CI]: eczema 1.14 [1.13-1.16], psoriasis 1.17 [1.15-1.19]) and depression (adjusted HR [95% CI]: eczema 1.11 [1.1-1.12], psoriasis 1.21 [1.19-1.22]). However, we found evidence that these increased hazards are unlikely to be constant over time and were especially high 1-year after study entry. CONCLUSIONS Atopic eczema and psoriasis are associated with increased incidence of anxiety and depression in adults. These associations may be mediated through known modifiable risk factors, especially sleep quality in people with eczema. Our findings highlight potential opportunities for the prevention of anxiety and depression in people with eczema/psoriasis through treatment of modifiable risk factors and enhanced eczema/psoriasis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair D Henderson
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Elizabeth Adesanya
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Amy Mulick
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Julian Matthewman
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Nhung Vu
- Patient and Public Advisory Panel, Skin Disease Epidemiology Research Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Firoza Davies
- Patient and Public Advisory Panel, Skin Disease Epidemiology Research Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Catherine H Smith
- King's College London, St John's Institute of Dermatology, London, UK
| | - Joseph Hayes
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Camden & Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kathryn E Mansfield
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Sinéad M Langan
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
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Ballesio A. Inflammatory hypotheses of sleep disturbance - depression link: Update and research agenda. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 31:100647. [PMID: 37408788 PMCID: PMC10319168 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in human and experimental animal models support a role of inflammation in the aetiology of depression, yet the precise role played by sleep disturbance (i.e., difficulties falling or maintaining sleep) is poorly understood. Consistent evidence from prospective epidemiological studies suggests sleep disturbance as a predictor of major depression episodes and depression recurrence. In parallel, up to 20% of individuals with sleep disturbance have low-grade peripheral inflammation (i.e., CRP>3 mg/l), and preliminary longitudinal evidence showed that sleep disturbance may even predict the levels of inflammation. Therefore, it is possible that sleep disturbance may increase inflammation, which in turn may contribute (i.e., mediate) to the onset - or worsening - of depression. Alternatively, sleep disturbance may serve as a vulnerability factor and increase the risk of developing depressive symptoms when facing an immune challenge. The aim of this review was to summarise the state of the science on the role of sleep disturbance in contributing to depression-related inflammation. A research agenda is also proposed to advance the study of sleep disturbance in the psychoneuroimmunology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ballesio
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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47
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Gonda X, Serafini G, Dome P. Fight the Fire: Association of Cytokine Genomic Markers and Suicidal Behavior May Pave the Way for Future Therapies. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1078. [PMID: 37511694 PMCID: PMC10381806 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13071078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The fight against suicide is highly challenging as it may be one of the most complex and, at the same time, most threatening among all psychiatric phenomena. In spite of its huge impact, and despite advances in neurobiology research, understanding and predicting suicide remains a major challenge for both researchers and clinicians. To be able to identify those patients who are likely to engage in suicidal behaviors and identify suicide risk in a reliable and timely manner, we need more specific, novel biological and genetic markers/indicators to develop better screening and diagnostic methods, and in the next step to utilize these molecules as intervention targets. One such potential novel approach is offered by our increasing understanding of the involvement of neuroinflammation based on multiple observations of increased proinflammatory states underlying various psychiatric disorders, including suicidal behavior. The present paper overviews our existing understanding of the association between suicide and inflammation, including peripheral and central biomarkers, genetic and genomic markers, and our current knowledge of intervention in suicide risk using treatments influencing inflammation; also overviewing the next steps to be taken and obstacles to be overcome before we can utilize cytokines in the treatment of suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Gonda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry (ICERN), Samara State Medical University, 443079 Samara, Russia
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Peter Dome
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, 1135 Budapest, Hungary
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48
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Fu X, Wang Y, Zhao F, Cui R, Xie W, Liu Q, Yang W. Shared biological mechanisms of depression and obesity: focus on adipokines and lipokines. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:5917-5950. [PMID: 37387537 PMCID: PMC10333059 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Depression and obesity are both common disorders currently affecting public health, frequently occurring simultaneously within individuals, and the relationship between these disorders is bidirectional. The association between obesity and depression is highly co-morbid and tends to significantly exacerbate metabolic and related depressive symptoms. However, the neural mechanism under the mutual control of obesity and depression is largely inscrutable. This review focuses particularly on alterations in systems that may mechanistically explain the in vivo homeostatic regulation of the obesity and depression link, such as immune-inflammatory activation, gut microbiota, neuroplasticity, HPA axis dysregulation as well as neuroendocrine regulators of energy metabolism including adipocytokines and lipokines. In addition, the review summarizes potential and future treatments for obesity and depression and raises several questions that need to be answered in future research. This review will provide a comprehensive description and localization of the biological connection between obesity and depression to better understand the co-morbidity of obesity and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Fangyi Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xie
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
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49
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de Kluiver H, Jansen R, Penninx BWJH, Giltay EJ, Schoevers RA, Milaneschi Y. Metabolomics signatures of depression: the role of symptom profiles. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:198. [PMID: 37301859 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression shows a metabolomic signature overlapping with that of cardiometabolic conditions. Whether this signature is linked to specific depression profiles remains undetermined. Previous research suggested that metabolic alterations cluster more consistently with depressive symptoms of the atypical spectrum related to energy alterations, such as hyperphagia, weight gain, hypersomnia, fatigue and leaden paralysis. We characterized the metabolomic signature of an "atypical/energy-related" symptom (AES) profile and evaluated its specificity and consistency. Fifty-one metabolites measured using the Nightingale platform in 2876 participants from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety were analyzed. An 'AES profile' score was based on five items of the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS) questionnaire. The AES profile was significantly associated with 31 metabolites including higher glycoprotein acetyls (β = 0.13, p = 1.35*10-12), isoleucine (β = 0.13, p = 1.45*10-10), very-low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (β = 0.11, p = 6.19*10-9) and saturated fatty acid levels (β = 0.09, p = 3.68*10-10), and lower high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (β = -0.07, p = 1.14*10-4). The metabolites were not significantly associated with a summary score of all other IDS items not included in the AES profile. Twenty-five AES-metabolites associations were internally replicated using data from the same subjects (N = 2015) collected at 6-year follow-up. We identified a specific metabolomic signature-commonly linked to cardiometabolic disorders-associated with a depression profile characterized by atypical, energy-related symptoms. The specific clustering of a metabolomic signature with a clinical profile identifies a more homogenous subgroup of depressed patients at higher cardiometabolic risk, and may represent a valuable target for interventions aiming at reducing depression's detrimental impact on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde de Kluiver
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik J Giltay
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Schoevers
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry and Research School of Behavioural and Cognitive Neurosciences (BCN), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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50
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Nolde M, Alayash Z, Reckelkamm SL, Kocher T, Ehmke B, Holtfreter B, Baurecht H, Georgakis MK, Baumeister SE. Downregulation of interleukin 6 signaling might reduce the risk of periodontitis: a drug target Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1160148. [PMID: 37342352 PMCID: PMC10277556 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1160148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is considered to play a role in the dysbiotic host response in the development of periodontitis. While the inhibition of the IL-6 receptor using monoclonal antibodies is a well-established therapy for some diseases, so far, its potential benefit in patients with periodontitis has not been examined. We tested the association of genetically proxied downregulation of IL-6 signaling with periodontitis to explore whether downregulation of IL-6 signaling could represent a viable treatment target for periodontitis. Materials and methods As proxies for IL-6 signaling downregulation, we selected 52 genetic variants in close vicinity of the gene encoding IL-6 receptor that were associated with lower circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 575 531 participants of European ancestry from the UK Biobank and the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium. Associations with periodontitis were tested with inverse-variance weighted Mendelian randomization in a study of 17 353 cases and 28 210 controls of European descent in the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions in Dental Endpoints (GLIDE) consortium. In addition, the effect of CRP reduction independent of the IL-6 pathway was assessed. Results Genetically proxied downregulation of IL-6 signaling was associated with lower odds of periodontitis (odds ratio (OR) = 0.81 per 1-unit decrement in log-CRP levels; 95% confidence interval (CI): [0.66;0.99]; P = 0.0497). Genetically proxied reduction of CRP independent of the IL-6 pathway had a similar effect (OR = 0.81; 95% CI: [0.68; 0.98]; P = 0.0296). Conclusion In conclusion, genetically proxied downregulation of IL-6 signaling was associated with lower odds of periodontitis and CRP might be a causal target for the effect of IL-6 on the risk of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nolde
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Zoheir Alayash
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Lars Reckelkamm
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ehmke
- Clinic for Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Birte Holtfreter
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marios K. Georgakis
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
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